A. M. Castle & Co. - Quarter Report: 2017 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



ý	Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2017



¨	Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 1-5415

A. M. Castle & Co.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Maryland	36-0879160
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation of organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1420 Kensington Road, Suite 220, Oak Brook, Illinois	60523
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone, including area code (847) 455-7111

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	¨		Accelerated filer	¨
Non-accelerated filer	¨	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	ý
			Emerging growth company	¨

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ¨ No ý

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of May 1, 2017 was 32,486,039 shares.

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A. M. Castle & Co.

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		Page
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited):
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	26

Part II. Other Information
Item 6.	Exhibits	27

Signature		28

Exhibit Index		29

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Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

Amounts in thousands, except par value and per share data



A.M. Castle & Co. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
	As of
	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,245		$	35,624
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $1,797 and $1,945, respectively	80,704			64,385
Inventories	158,637			146,603
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	14,027			10,141
Income tax receivable	152			433
Total current assets	269,765			257,186
Intangible assets, net	2,571			4,101
Prepaid pension cost	9,219			8,501
Deferred income taxes	410			381
Other noncurrent assets	8,299			9,449
Property, plant and equipment:
Land	2,071			2,070
Buildings	37,368			37,341
Machinery and equipment	127,960			125,836
Property, plant and equipment, at cost	167,399			165,247
Accumulated depreciation	(118,513		)	(115,537		)
Property, plant and equipment, net	48,886			49,710
Total assets	$	339,150		$	329,328
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	52,604		$	33,083
Accrued and other current liabilities	23,790			19,854
Income tax payable	95			209
Current portion of long-term debt	75			137
Total current liabilities	76,564			53,283
Long-term debt, less current portion	287,101			286,459
Deferred income taxes	139			—
Build-to-suit liability	12,528			12,305
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,677			5,978
Pension and postretirement benefit obligations	6,336			6,430
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value—9,988 shares authorized (including 400 Series B Junior Preferred, $0.00 par value); no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016	—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value—60,000 shares authorized; 32,768 shares issued and 32,482 outstanding at March 31, 2017 and 32,768 shares issued and 32,566 outstanding at December 31, 2016	327			327
Additional paid-in capital	245,065			244,825
Accumulated deficit	(266,783		)	(253,291		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(26,725		)	(25,939		)
Treasury stock, at cost—286 shares at March 31, 2017 and 202 shares at December 31, 2016	(1,079		)	(1,049		)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(49,195		)	(35,127		)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	339,150		$	329,328

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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A.M. Castle & Co. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Net sales	$	135,926		$	163,848
Costs and expenses:
Cost of materials (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)	101,037			133,758
Warehouse, processing and delivery expense	18,719			23,403
Sales, general and administrative expense	14,486			17,437
Restructuring expense	128			11,718
Depreciation and amortization expense	3,864			4,393
Total costs and expenses	138,234			190,709
Operating loss	(2,308		)	(26,861		)
Interest expense, net	10,736			10,369
Financial restructuring expense	877			—
Unrealized loss on embedded debt conversion option	146			—
Debt restructuring loss, net	—			7,075
Other (income) expense, net	(512		)	1,145
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint venture	(13,555		)	(45,450		)
Income tax benefit	(63		)	(335		)
Loss from continuing operations before equity in earnings of joint venture	(13,492		)	(45,115		)
Equity in earnings of joint venture	—			311
Loss from continuing operations	(13,492		)	(44,804		)
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			7,934
Net loss	$	(13,492	)	$	(36,870	)

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Continuing operations	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.90	)
Discontinued operations	—			0.34
Net basic and diluted loss per common share	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.56	)

Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$	(13,492	)	$	(36,870	)
Change in unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit costs, net of tax	214			456
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	(1,000		)	611
Comprehensive loss	$	(14,278	)	$	(35,803	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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A.M. Castle & Co. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Operating activities:
Net loss	$	(13,492	)	$	(36,870	)
Less: Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			7,934
Loss from continuing operations	(13,492		)	(44,804		)
Adjustments to reconcile loss from continuing operations to net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations:
Depreciation and amortization	3,864			4,393
Amortization of deferred gain	(16		)	(56		)
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount	1,410			2,439
Debt restructuring loss	—			7,075
Loss from lease termination	—			4,539
Unrealized loss on embedded debt conversion option	146			—
(Gain) loss on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2		)	1,774
Unrealized gain on commodity hedges	—			(263		)
Unrealized foreign currency transaction gain	(527		)	(61		)
Equity in earnings of joint venture	—			(311		)
Share-based compensation expense	154			202
Deferred income taxes	(734		)	—
Other, net	223			—
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(15,164		)	(9,979		)
Inventories	(10,285		)	26,563
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(3,938		)	(2,129		)
Other noncurrent assets	2,635			(173		)
Prepaid pension costs	(718		)	(122		)
Accounts payable	15,281			4,073
Income tax payable and receivable	144			504
Accrued and other current liabilities	3,652			8,902
Pension and postretirement benefit obligations and other noncurrent liabilities	(171		)	968
Net cash (used in) from operating activities of continuing operations	(17,538		)	3,534
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations	—			(5,219		)
Net cash used in operating activities	(17,538		)	(1,685		)
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(1,096		)	(1,238		)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment	2			467
Change in cash collateralization of letters of credit	45			—
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations	(1,049		)	(771		)
Net cash from investing activities of discontinued operations	—			53,570
Net cash (used in) from investing activities	(1,049		)	52,799
Financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt	—			287,113
Repayments of long-term debt	(78		)	(331,196		)
Payments of debt restructuring costs	—			(7,075		)
Payments of debt issue costs	(911		)	—
Payments of build-to-suit liability	—			(462		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(989		)	(51,620		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	197			124
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(19,379		)	(382		)

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A.M. Castle & Co. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of year	35,624		11,100
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$	16,245	$	10,718

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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A. M. Castle & Co.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Unaudited - Amounts in thousands except per share data and percentages

(1) Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by A. M. Castle & Co. and subsidiaries (the “Company”), without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016 is derived from the audited financial statements at that date. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. In the opinion of management, the unaudited statements included herein contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of financial results for the interim period. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The 2017 interim results reported herein may not necessarily be indicative of the results of the Company’s operations for the full year.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of the Company continuing as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. The Company's principal source of liquidity is cash flows from operations. The Company's plan indicates that it will have sufficient cash flows from its operations to continue as a going concern. The Company's ability to have sufficient cash flows to continue as a going concern is based on plans that rely on certain underlying assumptions and estimates that may differ from actual results. On April 6, 2017, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a restructuring support agreement with certain of their creditors. The agreement contemplates the financial restructuring of the debt and equity of the Company and the subsidiaries. Refer to Note 14 - Subsequent Events.

(2) New Accounting Standards

Standards Updates Adopted

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting," which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions. Under ASU No. 2016-09, a company recognizes all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement, eliminating the notion of the additional paid-in capital pool and significantly reducing the complexity and cost of accounting for excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies. For interim reporting purposes, excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies are considered discrete items in the reporting period in which they occur and are not included in the estimate of an entity’s annual effective tax rate. ASU No. 2016-09 further eliminates the requirement to defer recognition of an excess tax benefit until the benefit is realized through a reduction to taxes payable. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-09 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Standards Updates Issued Not Yet Effective

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, "Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost." Under the new guidance, employers must present the service cost component of the net periodic benefit cost in the same income statement line item(s) as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. In addition, only the service cost component will be eligible for capitalization in assets. The other components of net periodic benefit cost must be reported separately from the line item(s) that includes the service cost component and outside of any subtotal of operating income, if one is presented. Employers will have to disclose the line(s) used to present the other components of net periodic benefit cost, if the components are not presented separately in the income statement. The guidance on the income statement presentation of the components of net periodic benefit cost must be applied retrospectively, while the guidance limiting the capitalization of net periodic benefit cost in assets to the service cost component must be applied prospectively. For public business entities, the guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period for which interim financial statements have not been issued. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU No. 2017-07 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments," to reduce the existing diversity in practice related to how certain cash receipts

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and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows under Topic 230. The amendments in ASU No. 2016-15 address eight specific cash flow issues and apply to all entities that are required to present a statement of cash flows under Topic 230. The provisions of ASU No. 2016-15 must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented with limited exceptions. For public companies, the amendments in ASU No. 2016-15 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU No. 2016-15 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)," which requires that lessees recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms greater than twelve months in the statement of financial position. ASU No. 2016-02 also requires additional disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The provisions of ASU No. 2016-02 are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach, and are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements, but the Company expects that most existing operating lease commitments will be recognized as operating lease obligations and right-of-use assets as a result of adoption.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)," related to revenue recognition. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in prior accounting guidance. The ASU permits the use of either the retrospective or modified retrospective (cumulative-effect) transition method of adoption. ASU No. 2015-14, "Deferral of the Effective Date," was issued in August 2015 to defer the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 for public companies until annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. In 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” ASU No. 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients," and ASU No. 2016-20, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers," which provide supplemental adoption guidance and clarification to ASU No. 2014-09. ASU No. 2016-08, ASU No. 2016-10, ASU No. 2016-12 and ASU No. 2016-20 must be adopted concurrently with the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of these ASU's on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures, and plans to adopt these ASU's in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method.

(3) Discontinued Operation

On March 15, 2016, the Company completed the sale of substantially all the assets of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Total Plastics, Inc. ("TPI") for $55,070 in cash, subject to customary working capital adjustments. Under the terms of the sale, $1,500 of the purchase price was placed into escrow pending adjustment based upon the final calculation of the working capital at closing. The sale resulted in preliminary pre-tax and after-tax gains of $4,217 and $2,994, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The Company and the buyer agreed to the final working capital adjustment during the third quarter of 2016, which resulted in the full escrowed amount being returned to the buyer. The sale ultimately resulted in pre-tax and after-tax gains of $2,003 and $1,306, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016.

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Summarized results of the discontinued operation for the three months ended March 31, 2016 were as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Net sales	$	29,680
Cost of materials	21,027
Operating costs and expenses	7,288
Interest expense^(a)	333
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes	$	1,032
Income tax expense benefit ^(b)	(3,908		)
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income taxes	2,994
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	$	7,934

^(a)Interest expense was allocated to the discontinued operation based on the debt that was required to be paid as a result of the sale of TPI.

^(b) Income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2016 includes $4,207 reversal of valuation allowance resulting from the sale of TPI.

(4) Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus outstanding common stock equivalents. Common stock equivalents consist of employee and director stock options, restricted stock awards, other share-based payment awards, and contingently issuable shares related to the Company’s 7.0% Convertible Senior Notes due December 15, 2017 (the "Convertible Notes") and the Company's 5.25% Convertible Senior Secured Notes due December 30, 2019 (the "New Convertible Notes"), which are included in the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding using the treasury stock method, if dilutive. Refer to Note 7 - Debt for further description of the Convertible Notes and New Convertible Notes.

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The following table is a reconciliation of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share calculations:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Numerator:
Loss from continuing operations	$	(13,492	)	$	(44,804	)
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			7,934
Net loss	$	(13,492	)	$	(36,870	)
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	32,303			23,625
Effect of dilutive securities:
Outstanding common stock equivalents	—			—
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per common share	32,303			23,625

Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Continuing operations	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.90	)
Discontinued operations	—			0.34
Net basic loss per common share	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.56	)

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Continuing operations	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.90	)
Discontinued operations	—			0.34
Net diluted loss per common share	$	(0.42	)	$	(1.56	)
Excluded outstanding share-based awards having an anti-dilutive effect	2,468			954
Excluded "in the money" portion of New Convertible Notes having an anti-dilutive effect	—			—

The New Convertible Notes are dilutive to the extent the Company generates net income and the average stock price during the period is greater than $2.25 per share, which is the conversion price of the New Convertible Notes. The New Convertible Notes are only dilutive for the “in the money” portion of the New Convertible Notes that could be settled with the Company’s common stock. In future periods, absent a fundamental change (as defined in the New Convertible Notes indenture), the outstanding New Convertible Notes could increase diluted average shares outstanding by a maximum of approximately 9,900 shares. The Convertible Notes would have an insignificant impact on the diluted average shares outstanding if settled with the Company's stock.

(5) Joint Venture

Kreher Steel Company, LLC ("Kreher"), a national distributor and processor of carbon and alloy steel bar products headquartered in Melrose Park, Illinois, was a 50% owned joint venture of the Company. In June 2016, the Company received an offer from its joint venture partner to purchase its ownership share in Kreher for an amount that was less than the current carrying value of the Company's investment in Kreher. The Company determined that the offer to purchase its ownership share in Kreher at a purchase price lower than the carrying value indicated that it may not be able to recover the full carrying amount of its investment, and therefore recognized a $4,636 other-than-temporary impairment charge in the second quarter of 2016 to reduce the carrying amount of the investment to the negotiated purchase price. Prior to receiving the purchase offer, the Company had no previous indicators that its investment in Kreher had incurred a loss in value that was other-than-temporary.

In August 2016, the Company completed the sale of its ownership share in Kreher to its joint venture partner for aggregate cash proceeds of $31,550, which resulted in a loss on disposal of $5, including selling expenses.

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The following information summarizes financial data for Kreher for the three months ended March 31, 2016:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Net sales	$	31,518
Cost of materials	26,601
Income before taxes	566
Net income	622

(6) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consisted of customer relationships as follows:



	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	$	67,326	$	64,755	$	67,317	$	63,216

The Company recorded the following aggregate amortization expense associated with intangibles:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Amortization expense	$	1,533	$	1,527

The following is a summary of the estimated annual amortization expense for the remainder of 2017 and each of the subsequent years:



2017	$	2,571
2018	$	—
2019	$	—
2020	$	—
2021	$	—

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(7) Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following:



	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
LONG-TERM DEBT
7.0% Convertible Notes due December 15, 2017	$	25		$	41
11.0% Senior Secured Term Loan Credit Facilities due September 14, 2018	99,500			99,500
12.75% Senior Secured Notes due December 15, 2018	177,019			177,019
5.25% Convertible Notes due December 30, 2019	22,323			22,323
Other, primarily capital leases	50			96
Plus: derivative liability for embedded conversion feature	549			403
Less: unamortized discount	(6,852		)	(7,587		)
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs	(5,438		)	(5,199		)
Total long-term debt	$	287,176		$	286,596
Less: current portion	75			137
Total long-term portion	$	287,101		$	286,459

Secured Notes

In 2016, the Company completed a private exchange offer and consent solicitation (the “Exchange Offer”) to certain eligible holders to exchange new 12.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2018 (the “New Secured Notes”) for the Company’s outstanding 12.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2016. The Company determined that the Exchange Offer was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") No. 470-60, "Debt - Troubled Debt Restructurings by Debtors", as the Company was determined to be experiencing financial difficulties and was granted a concession by the eligible holders. Accordingly, the Company expensed the eligible holder consent fees and related legal and other direct costs incurred in conjunction with the Exchange Offer in debt restructuring loss, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

The New Secured Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain 100% owned domestic subsidiaries of the Company (the “Guarantors”). The New Secured Notes and the related guarantees are secured by a lien on substantially all of the Company's and the Guarantors' assets, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens pursuant to a pledge and security agreement. The terms of the New Secured Notes contain numerous covenants imposing financial and operating restrictions on the Company's business. These covenants place restrictions on the Company's ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to, among other things, pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or restricted payments; incur indebtedness or issue common stock; make certain investments; create liens; agree to payment restrictions affecting certain subsidiaries; consolidate or merge; sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of assets, including equity interests of certain subsidiaries; enter into transactions with affiliates; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; and use the proceeds of permitted sales of the Company's assets.

The Company may redeem some or all of the New Secured Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The New Secured Notes also contain a provision that allows holders of the New Secured Notes to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of the New Secured Notes if a change of control triggering event occurs. Under this provision, the repurchase of the New Secured Notes will occur at a purchase price of 101% of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on such New Secured Notes to the date of repurchase. In addition, upon certain asset sales, the Company may be required to offer to use the net proceeds thereof to purchase some of the New Secured Notes at 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The New Secured Notes require that the Company make, subject to certain conditions and within 95 days of the end of each fiscal year beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016, an offer to purchase the New Secured Notes with (i) 75% of excess cash flow (as defined in the New Secured Notes indenture) until the Company has offered to purchase up to $50,000 in aggregate principal amount of the notes, (ii) 50% of excess cash flow until the Company has offered to purchase up to $75,000 in aggregate principal amount of the notes, (iii) 25% of the excess cash flow until the Company has offered to purchase up to $100,000 in aggregate principal amount of the notes and (iv) 0% thereafter, in each case, at 103% of the principal amount, thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

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The Company pays interest on the New Secured Notes at a rate of 12.75% per annum in cash semi-annually.

Senior Secured Term Loan Credit Facilities

On December 8, 2016, the Company entered into new secured credit facilities (the “Credit Facilities”) with certain financial institutions (the "Financial Institutions") in order to replace and repay outstanding borrowings and support the continuance of letters of credit under the Company's senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). The Credit Facilities are in the form of senior secured first-lien term loan facilities in an aggregate principal amount of up to $112,000. In connection with the closing of the Credit Facilities, commitments pursuant to the Revolving Credit Facility were terminated, liens granted to the collateral agent pursuant thereto were released in full, and Revolving Credit Facility borrowings outstanding were repaid by the Company using proceeds from the Credit Facilities. Letters of credit previously issued under the Revolving Credit Facility were cash collateralized, resulting in $7,923 and $7,968 of restricted cash that is reflected in other noncurrent assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

The Credit Facilities consist of a $75,000 initial term loan facility funded at closing and a $37,000 delayed-draw term loan facility (the “Delayed Draw Facility”). Under the Delayed Draw Facility, $24,500 was drawn in December 2016 and $12,500 was expected to be available in June 2017 or thereafter. On May 4, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to the agreement governing the Credit Facilities (the "Credit Facilities Agreement"). Under this amendment, the Financial Institutions agreed to accelerate the Company's access to the Delayed Draw Facility that was expected to be available in June 2017 or thereafter.

The funding of the Credit Facilities was subject to original issue discount in an amount equal to 3.0% of the full principal amount of the Credit Facilities. The Credit Facilities bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 11.0%, payable monthly in arrears. The outstanding principal amount of the Credit Facilities and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon will be due and be payable on September 14, 2018.

In connection with the closing of the Credit Facilities, the Financial Institutions were issued warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of 5,000 shares of the Company's common stock, pro rata based on the principal amount of each Financial Institution’s commitment in the Credit Facilities. Warrants to purchase 2,500 shares have an exercise price of $0.50 per share, and Warrants to purchase 2,500 shares have an exercise price of $0.65 per share. The Warrants were exercisable upon issuance and expire on June 8, 2018.

All obligations of the Company under the Credit Facilities are guaranteed on a senior-secured basis by each direct and indirect, existing and future, domestic or Canadian subsidiary of the Company (the “Subsidiary Guarantors” and together with the Company, the “Credit Parties”). All obligations under the Credit Facilities are secured on a first-priority basis by a perfected security interest in substantially all assets of the Credit Parties (subject to certain exceptions for permitted liens). The Company agreed to add its foreign subsidiaries as guarantors and to direct such subsidiaries to grant a security interest in substantially all of their respective assets, subject to certain exceptions, as soon as possible after closing.

The Credit Facilities Agreement contains numerous covenants that, if breached, could result in a default under the agreement. These covenants include a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain a minimum amount of consolidated adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) during various applicable fiscal periods beginning with the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2017. The Company is also required to maintain specified minimum amounts of net working capital (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) and consolidated liquidity (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) of at least $20,000. The Credit Facilities Agreement also provides that a default could result from the occurrence of any condition, act, event or development that results or could be reasonably expected to result in a material adverse effect (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement). In the event of a default, the Financial Institutions could elect to declare all amounts borrowed due and payable, including accrued interest and any other obligations under the Credit Facilities. Any such acceleration would also result in a default under the indentures governing the New Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes.

On April 6, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Facilities Agreement. Under this amendment, the Financial Institutions agreed that the financial covenants related to consolidated adjusted EBITDA and specified minimum amounts of net working capital and consolidated liquidity, all as described in the preceding paragraph, would cease to apply for the period from March 31, 2017 through and including May 31, 2018.

Convertible Notes

In 2016, the Company entered into Transaction Support Agreements (as amended, supplemented or modified, the “Support Agreements”) with certain holders (the “Supporting Holders”) of the Convertible Notes. The Support

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Agreements provided for the terms of exchanges in which the Company agreed to issue New Convertible Notes in exchange for outstanding Convertible Notes (the “Convertible Note Exchange”). The Convertible Note Exchange was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring, as the Company was experiencing financial difficulties and was granted a concession by the Supporting Holders. As a result, the Company expensed legal and other direct costs incurred in conjunction with the Convertible Note Exchange.

As further described below, the New Convertible Notes are convertible into common stock at the option of the holder. The Company determined that the conversion option is not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the New Convertible Notes, nor does it meet the criteria to be considered indexed to the Company’s common stock. As a result, the Company concluded that the embedded conversion option must be bifurcated from the New Convertible Notes, separately valued, and accounted for as a derivative liability that partially settled the Convertible Notes. The initial value allocated to the derivative liability was $11,574, with a corresponding discount recorded to the New Convertible Notes. During each reporting period, the derivative liability, which is classified in long-term debt, will be marked to fair value through earnings. The derivative liability had a fair value of $549 as of March 31, 2017.

The New Convertible Notes mature on December 30, 2019, and bear interest at a rate of 5.25% per annum, payable semi-annually in cash. The New Convertible Notes are initially convertible into shares of the Company's common stock at any time at a conversion price per share equal to $2.25 and are subject to adjustment in accordance with the New Convertible Notes indenture. All current and future guarantors of the New Secured Notes, the Credit Facilities, and any other material indebtedness of the Company guarantee the New Convertible Notes, subject to certain exceptions. The New Convertible Notes are secured on a “silent” third-priority basis by the same collateral that secures the New Secured Notes. Upon conversion, the Company will pay and/or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at the Company’s election, together with cash in lieu of fractional shares. The value of shares of the Company's common stock for purposes of the settlement of the conversion right will be calculated as provided in the indenture, using a 20 trading day observation period. Upon such conversion, the holder shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to the "make-whole" premium, payable in the form of cash, shares of the Company's common stock, or a combination of both, at the Company's sole discretion. The value of shares of Company common stock for purposes of calculating the "make-whole" premium will be based on the greater of (i) 130% of the conversion price then in effect and (ii) the volume weighted average price ("VWAP") of such shares for the 20 trading day observation period as provided in the indenture.

If the VWAP of the Company's common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which such notice of redemption is provided, the Company shall have the right to redeem any or all of the New Convertible Notes at a price equal to (i) 100.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus (ii) the "make-whole" premium. The redemption price can be paid in the form of cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of both, at the Company's sole discretion. The value of shares of the Company's common stock will be based on the VWAP of such shares for the 20 trading days immediately preceding the date of redemption. Prior to the third trading day prior to the date of any such redemption, any New Convertible Notes called for redemption may be converted by the holder into shares of the Company's common stock at the conversion price then in effect.

(8) Fair Value Measurements

The three-tier value hierarchy the Company utilizes, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies, is:

Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.

The fair value of cash, accounts receivable, cash collateralized letters of credit and accounts payable approximate their carrying values. The fair value of cash equivalents are determined using the fair value hierarchy described above. Cash equivalents consisting of money market funds are valued based on quoted prices in active markets and as a result are classified as Level 1.

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The Company’s pension plan asset portfolio as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is primarily invested in fixed income securities, which generally fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Fixed income securities are valued based on evaluated prices provided to the trustee by independent pricing services. Such prices may be determined by various factors which include, but are not limited to, market quotations, yields, maturities, call features, ratings, institutional size trading in similar groups of securities and developments related to specific securities.

Fair Value Measurements of Debt

The fair value of the Company's New Secured Notes as of March 31, 2017 was estimated to be $115,947 compared to a carrying value of $177,019. The fair value of the New Secured Notes as of December 31, 2016 was estimated to be $116,833 compared to a carrying value of $177,019. The fair value for the New Secured Notes was determined based on recent trades of the bonds and fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Because it entered into the new Credit Facilities in December 2016, the Company determined that the fair value of borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facilities approximated carrying value at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Including the bifurcated embedded conversion option, the fair value of the Company's New Convertible Notes was estimated to be $5,419 compared to a carrying value of $22,323 as of March 31, 2017. The fair value of the New Convertible Notes was approximately $5,369 compared a carrying value of $22,323 as of December 31, 2016. The fair value of the New Convertible Notes, which falls within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, was determined based on similar debt instruments that do not contain a conversion feature, as well as other factors related to the callable nature of the New Convertible Notes.

The main inputs and assumptions into the fair value model for the New Convertible Notes at March 31, 2017 were as follows:



Company's stock price at the end of the period	$	0.30
Expected volatility	110.60		%
Credit spreads	77.30		%
Risk-free interest rate	1.44		%

Fair Value Measurements of Embedded Conversion Feature

The fair value of the derivative liability for the embedded conversion feature of the New Convertible Notes was estimated to be $549 as of March 31, 2017. The estimated fair value of the derivative liability for the embedded conversion feature of the New Convertible Notes, which falls within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, is measured on a recurring basis using a binomial lattice model using the Company's historical volatility over the term corresponding to the remaining contractual term of the New Convertible Notes and observed spreads of similar debt instruments that do not include a conversion feature. The following reconciliation represents the change in fair value of the embedded conversion feature of the New Convertible Notes between December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2017:



	Derivative liability for embedded conversion feature
Fair value as of December 31, 2016	$	403
Mark-to-market adjustment on conversion feature^(a)	146
Fair value as of March 31, 2017	$	549

^(a) Mark-to-market adjustment is recognized in unrealized loss on embedded debt conversion option in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

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(9) Stockholders’ Deficit

Accumulated Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows:



	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit costs, net of tax	$	(9,583	)	$	(9,797	)
Foreign currency translation losses, net of tax	(17,142		)	(16,142		)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(26,725	)	$	(25,939	)

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:



	Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Items						Foreign Currency Items						Total
	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Balance as of January 1,	$	(9,797	)	$	(17,185	)	$	(16,142	)	$	(16,636	)	$	(25,939	)	$	(33,821	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	—			—			(1,000		)	611			(1,000		)	611
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax ^(a)	214			456			—			—			214			456
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	214			456			(1,000		)	611			(786		)	1,067
Balance as of March 31,	$	(9,583	)	$	(16,729	)	$	(17,142	)	$	(16,025	)	$	(26,725	)	$	(32,754	)

^(a)See reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss table below for details of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit items:
Prior service cost^(b)	$	(50	)	$	(50	)
Actuarial loss ^(b)	(164		)	(406		)
Total before tax	(214		)	(456		)
Tax effect	—			—
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(214	)	$	(456	)

^(b)These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost included in sales, general and administrative expense.

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(10) Employee Benefit Plans

Components of the net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost are as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Service cost	$	106		$	112
Interest cost	1,210			1,312
Expected return on assets	(2,034		)	(2,035		)
Amortization of prior service cost	50			50
Amortization of actuarial loss	164			406
Net periodic pension and postretirement benefit (credit) cost	$	(504	)	$	(155	)
Contributions paid	$	356		$	—

The Company anticipates making additional cash contributions of $213 to its pension plans in 2017.

(11) Restructuring Activity

In April 2015, the Company announced a restructuring plan consisting of workforce reductions and the consolidation of facilities in locations deemed to have redundant operations. In the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company incurred costs associated with the April 2015 restructuring plan which consisted of employee termination and related benefits, moving costs, professional fees and losses on the disposal of fixed assets. In addition, the Company recorded charges of $452 for inventory moved from consolidated plants that was subsequently identified to be scrapped. The inventory charge is reported in cost of materials in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

In the first quarter of 2016, the Company closed its Houston and Edmonton facilities and sold all the equipment at these facilities to an unrelated third party. Restructuring activities associated with the strategic decision to close these facilities included employee termination and related benefits, lease termination costs, moving costs associated with exit from the closed facilities, and professional fees at the closed facilities.

As a result of its restructuring activities, the Company incurred the following restructuring expenses:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Employee termination and related benefits	$	28	$	553
Lease termination costs	—		6,145
Moving costs associated with plant consolidations	70		3,135
Professional fees	30		678
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	—		1,207
Total	$	128	$	11,718

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Restructuring reserve activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 is summarized below:



			Period Activity
	Balance January 1, 2017		Charges (gains)		Cash receipts (payments)			Non-cash activity		Balance March 31, 2017
Employee termination and related benefits ^(a)	$	3,627	$	28	$	(87	)	$	—	$	3,568
Lease termination costs^(b)	823		—		(228		)	—		595
Moving costs associated with plant consolidations	—		70		(70		)	—		—
Professional fees	—		30		(30		)	—		—
Disposal of fixed assets	—		—		—			—		—
Total	$	4,450	$	128	$	(415	)	$	—	$	4,163

^(a)As of March 31, 2017, the short-term portion of employee termination and related benefits of $340 is included in accrued and other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and the long-term liability associated with the Company's withdrawal from a multi-employer pension plan of $3,228 is included in other noncurrent liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

^(b)Payments on certain of the lease obligations are scheduled to continue until 2020. Market conditions and the Company’s ability to sublease these properties could affect the ultimate charge related to the lease obligations. Any potential recoveries or additional charges could affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements of future periods. As of March 31, 2017, the short-term portion of the lease termination costs of $291 is included in accrued and other current liabilities and the long-term portion of the lease termination costs of $304 is included in other noncurrent liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(12) Income Taxes

The Company's tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. The Company’s effective tax rate is expressed as income tax expense (benefit), which includes tax expense on the Company’s share of joint venture earnings in the three months ended March 31, 2016, as a percentage of loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint venture.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded income tax benefit of $63 on pre-tax loss from continuing operations of $13,555, for an effective tax rate of 0.5%. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company recorded income tax benefit of $335 on pre-tax loss from continuing operations before equity in earnings of joint venture of $45,450, for an effective tax rate of 0.7%.

The Company's U.S. statutory rate is 35%. The most significant factors impacting the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were losses in jurisdictions that the Company is not able to benefit due to uncertainty as to the realization of those losses, release of valuation allowances in jurisdictions that have become profitable, and the impact of intraperiod allocations.

(13) Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

The Company is party to a variety of legal proceedings, claims, and inquiries, including proceedings or inquiries by governmental authorities, which arise from the operation of its business. These proceedings, claims, and inquiries are incidental to and occur in the normal course of the Company's business affairs. The majority of these proceedings, claims, and inquiries relate to commercial disputes with customers, suppliers, and others; employment and employee benefits-related disputes; product quality disputes with vendors and/or customers; and environmental, health and safety claims. It is the opinion of management that the currently expected outcome of these proceedings, claims, and inquiries, after taking into account recorded accruals and the availability and limits of our insurance coverage, will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows of the Company.

(14) Subsequent Events

On April 6, 2017, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into an amendment to the Credit Facilities Agreement. Under this amendment, the Financial Institutions and the Agent agreed that the financial covenants of the Company and its subsidiaries with respect to maintaining a minimum amount of consolidated adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) and maintaining specified minimum amounts of net working capital (as

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defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) and consolidated liquidity (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) would cease to apply for the period from March 31, 2017 through and including May 31, 2018.

On April 6, 2017, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a restructuring support agreement (the “RSA”) with certain of their creditors (the "Consenting Creditors"), including certain holders of the Company’s (a) term loans under its Credit Facilities Agreement, as amended, (b) New Secured Notes, and (c) New Convertible Notes. The RSA contemplates the financial restructuring of the debt and equity of the Company and the subsidiaries (the “Restructuring”) pursuant to a Restructuring Term Sheet attached to the RSA as an exhibit (the “Term Sheet”). The Term Sheet sets forth the terms and conditions of the Restructuring and provides for the consummation thereof, and contains mutual covenants of the Company and the Consenting Creditors in furtherance of the Restructuring, either as part of out-of-court proceedings or by prepackaged chapter 11 plan of reorganization (a “Plan”) confirmed by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. If the Restructuring were consummated pursuant to a Plan, the Plan would be confirmed following a filing by the Company for voluntary relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

On May 4, 2017, the Company entered into an additional amendment to the Credit Facilities Agreement. Under this amendment, the Financial Institutions agreed to accelerate the Company's access to the Delayed Draw Facility that was expected to be available in June 2017 or thereafter.

Pursuant to the RSA and in furtherance of the Restructuring, on May 15, 2017, the Company commenced solicitation of votes on its Plan by distributing a Disclosure Statement for Debtors’ Prepackaged Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization (the “Disclosure Statement”) to holders of Prepetition First Lien Secured Claims, Prepetition Second Lien Secured Claims, and Prepetition Third Lien Secured Claims, as such terms are defined in the Plan.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Information provided and statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements only speak as of the date of this report and the Company assumes no obligation to update the information included in this report. Such forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, including descriptions of our business strategy, and the cost savings and other benefits that we expect to achieve from our restructuring. These statements often include words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “predict,” “plan,” "should," or similar expressions. These statements are not guarantees of performance or results, and they involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Although we believe that these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there are many factors that could affect our actual financial results or results of operations and could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. These factors include or relate to: our ability to obtain sufficient acceptances in connection with our solicitation of debt holder support; our ability to obtain the bankruptcy court’s approval with respect to motions or other requests made in any necessary chapter 11 case, including maintaining strategic control as debtor-in-possession; our ability to confirm and consummate a chapter 11 plan of reorganization in any necessary chapter 11 case; the effects of the filing of any necessary chapter 11 case on our business and the interests of various constituents; the bankruptcy court’s rulings in any necessary chapter 11 case, as well the outcome of any such case in general; the length of time that we may operate under any necessary chapter 11 protection and the continued availability of operating capital during the pendency of any necessary chapter 11 case; risks associated with third party motions or objections in any necessary chapter 11 case, which may interfere with our ability to confirm and consummate a chapter 11 plan of reorganization; the potential adverse effects of any necessary chapter 11 case on our liquidity or results of operations; our ability to execute the Company’s business and financial reorganization plan; and increased advisory costs to execute our restructuring. Other factors include our ability to effectively manage our operational initiatives and restructuring activities, the impact of volatility of metals prices, the cyclical and seasonal aspects of our business, our ability to effectively manage inventory levels, our ability to successfully complete the remaining steps in our strategic refinancing process, and the impact of our substantial level of indebtedness, as well as including those risk factors identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. All future written and oral forward-looking statements by us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to above. Except as required by the federal securities laws, we do not have any obligations or intention to release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances in the future, to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or for any other reason.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes thereto in Item 1 “Financial Statements (unaudited)”.

Executive Overview

A.M. Castle & Co., together with its subsidiaries, (the “Company”) is a specialty metals distribution company serving customers on a global basis. The Company has operations in the United States, Canada, Mexico, France, the United Kingdom, Spain, China and Singapore. The Company provides a broad range of product inventories as well as value-added processing and supply chain services to a wide array of customers, principally within the producer durable equipment, aerospace, heavy industrial equipment, industrial goods, construction equipment, oil and gas, and retail sectors of the global economy. Particular focus is placed on the aerospace and defense, power generation, mining, heavy industrial equipment, and general manufacturing industries, as well as general engineering applications.

Net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2017 were $135.9 million, a decrease of $27.9 million, or 17.0%, from the $163.8 million reported for same period last year. Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2016 included the Company's $27.1 million sale of all its inventory at its Houston and Edmonton facilities, which were closed in February 2016. The Company posted a 5.7% increase in tons sold per day to customers compared to the three months ended March 31, 2016. The positive impact of the increase in sales volumes was offset by a 5.1% decrease in average selling prices and an unfavorable change in product mix. Operating loss in the three months ended March 31, 2017, including restructuring charges of $0.1 million, was $2.3 million compared to an operating loss of $26.9 million, including restructuring charges of $11.7 million, in the same period last year.

Although the Company remains confident that it will have adequate liquidity over the next twelve months to operate its business and meet its cash requirements, further reduction in the Company’s long-term debt and cash interest

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obligations would strengthen its financial position and flexibility and therefore remains a key near-term financial objective. To achieve this objective, on April 6, 2017, the Company entered into a restructuring support agreement (the “RSA”) with certain of its creditors (the "Consenting Creditors"), including certain holders of the Company’s (a) term loans under the credit facilities agreement dated as of December 8, 2016, as amended (the "Credit Facilities Agreement"), (b) 12.75% Senior Secured Notes due December 15, 2018 (the "New Secured Notes"), and (c) 5.25% Convertible Senior Secured Notes due December 30, 2019 (the "New Convertible Notes"). The RSA contemplates the financial restructuring of the debt and equity of the Company (the “Restructuring”) pursuant to a Restructuring Term Sheet attached to the RSA as an exhibit (the “Term Sheet”). The Term Sheet sets forth the terms and conditions of the Restructuring and provides for the consummation thereof, and contains mutual covenants of the Company and the Consenting Creditors in furtherance of the Restructuring, either as part of out-of-court proceedings or by prepackaged chapter 11 plan of reorganization (a “Plan”) confirmed by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. If the Restructuring were consummated pursuant to a Plan, the Plan would be confirmed following a filing by the Company for voluntary relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. For additional information concerning the RSA, please refer to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2017.

Results of Operations: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

The following table sets forth certain statement of operations data for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Included in the operating results below is the sale of all inventory and subsequent closure of the Company's Houston and Edmonton facilities which occurred in the first quarter of 2016.



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017					2016					Favorable/(Unfavorable)
(Dollar amounts in millions)	$			% of Net Sales		$			% of Net Sales		$ Change			% Change
Net sales	$	135.9		100.0	%	$	163.8		100.0	%	$	(27.9	)	(17.0	)%
Cost of materials (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)^(a)	101.0			74.3	%	133.7			81.6	%	32.7			24.5	%
Operating costs and expenses^(b)	37.2			27.4	%	57.0			34.8	%	19.8			34.7	%
Operating loss	$	(2.3	)	(1.7	)%	$	(26.9	)	(16.4	)%	$	24.6		91.4	%

^(a) Cost of materials includes $0.5 million of inventory scrapping expenses associated with restructuring activity for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

^(b) Operating costs and expenses include $0.1 million and $11.7 million of restructuring expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Net Sales

Net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2017 were $135.9 million, a decrease of $27.9 million, or 17.0%, compared to the same period last year. Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2016 included the Company's $27.1 million sale of all its inventory at its Houston and Edmonton facilities to an unrelated third party. The sale of this inventory, which was sold at a zero gross margin (calculated as net sales, less cost of materials), was the result of a strategic decision to lower the Company's exposure to oil and gas market fluctuations. Including that sale of inventory, net sales from the Houston and Edmonton locations, which were closed in February 2016, were $33.0 million. Despite the closure of these two locations, the Company posted a 5.7% increase in tons sold per day to customers compared to the three months ended March 31, 2016. Excluding the tons sold from the Houston and Edmonton locations in the three months ended March 31, 2016, tons sold per day increased 10.6%. Products with the most notable improvements in sales volumes were aluminum, alloy bar, and carbon and alloy plate. Offsetting the positive impact of the increase in sales volumes was a 5.1% decrease in average selling prices and an unfavorable change in product mix.

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Average selling prices for many of the Company's products were higher in the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period last year, but decreases in average selling prices of aluminum, nickel, and alloy bar resulted in the overall 5.1% decrease in average selling prices.

Cost of Materials

Cost of materials (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) during the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $101.0 million compared to $133.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. The $32.7 million, or 24.5%, decrease is mostly due to the $27.1 million of cost of materials recognized on the sale of all inventory at the Company's Houston and Edmonton facilities in the three months ended March 31, 2016, as discussed above.

Cost of materials (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was 74.3% as a percent of net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to 81.6% as a percent of net sales for the comparative prior year period. While the percentage for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was impacted by the $27.1 million sale of the inventory at the Houston and Edmonton locations, the decrease in the percentage also reflects improved inventory management and better matching of sales prices with inventory replacement cost.

Operating Costs and Expenses and Operating Loss

Operating costs and expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,				Favorable/(Unfavorable)
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2017		2016		$ Change		% Change
Warehouse, processing and delivery expense	$	18.7	$	23.4	$	4.7	20.1	%
Sales, general and administrative expense	14.5		17.5		3.0		17.1	%
Restructuring expense	0.1		11.7		11.6		99.1	%
Depreciation and amortization expense	3.9		4.4		0.5		11.4	%
Total operating costs and expenses	$	37.2	$	57.0	$	19.8	34.7	%

Operating costs and expenses decreased by $19.8 million from $57.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 to $37.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017.


•	Warehouse, processing and delivery expense decreased by $4.7 million primarily as a result of lower payroll, benefit, and facility costs resulting from plant consolidations and the closure of the Houston and Edmonton facilities;


•	Sales, general and administrative expense decreased by $3.0 million mainly as a result of lower payroll, benefit, and outside services costs;


•	Restructuring expense was $0.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017, while restructuring expense was $11.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016, which consisted mainly of severance expense and lease termination charges associated with the closure of the Company's Houston and Edmonton facilities, as well as moving expenses associated with plant consolidations; and


•	Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $0.5 million due to lower depreciation expense resulting from plant closures and equipment sales.

Operating loss in the three months ended March 31, 2017, including restructuring charges of $0.1 million, was $2.3 million compared to an operating loss of $26.9 million, including restructuring charges of $11.7 million, in the same period in the prior year.

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Other Income and Expense, Income Taxes and Net Loss

Interest expense was $10.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $10.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016. Unrealized loss on the embedded conversion option associated with the New Convertible Notes was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. There was no conversion option associated with the convertible debt requiring mark-to-market accounting in the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Financial restructuring expense of $0.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017 was mostly comprised of legal and other professional fees in connection with the planned financial restructuring of the debt and equity of the Company (refer to Note 14 - Subsequent Events to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).

The debt restructuring loss of $7.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 represents eligible holder consent fees and related legal and other direct costs incurred in conjunction with the February 2016 private exchange offer and consent solicitation (the "Exchange Offer") to certain eligible holders to exchange New Secured Notes for the Company’s outstanding 12.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2016.

Other income, comprised mostly of foreign currency transaction gains, was $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to other expense of $1.1 million for the same period in the prior year, which consisted mostly of foreign currency transaction losses. These gains and losses are primarily related to unhedged intercompany financing arrangements.

The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to an income tax benefit of $0.3 million for the same period last year. The Company’s effective tax rate is expressed as income tax expense (benefit), which includes tax expense on the Company’s share of joint venture earnings in the three months ended March 31, 2016, as a percentage of loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint venture. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was 0.5% and 0.7%, respectively. The lower effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 resulted from changes in the geographic mix and timing of income (losses), the inability to benefit from current year losses due to valuation allowance positions in the U.S. and U.K., and the impact of intraperiod allocations.

Equity in earnings of joint venture was $0.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016. In August 2016, the Company completed the sale of its joint venture for aggregate cash proceeds of $31.6 million.

Loss from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $13.5 million compared to a loss from continuing operations of $44.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, was $7.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, which includes an after-tax gain on the sale of substantially all the assets of the Company's wholly owned subsidiary, Total Plastic, Inc. ("TPI") of $3.0 million and an income tax benefit of $4.2 million from the reversal of an income tax valuation allowance.

Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $13.5 million. Net loss for the same period in the prior year, which includes income from discontinued operations (net of income taxes) of $7.9 million, was $36.9 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash and cash equivalents increased (decreased) as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2017			2016
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(17.5	)	$	(1.7	)
Net cash (used in) from investing activities	(1.0		)	52.8
Net cash (used in) from financing activities	(1.0		)	(51.6		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	0.2			0.1
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(19.4	)	$	(0.4	)

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The Company’s principal source of liquidity is cash provided by operations. Specific components of the change in working capital are highlighted below:


•	During the three months ended March 31, 2017, higher accounts receivable compared to year-end 2016 resulted in $15.2 million of cash flow use compared to $10.0 million of cash flow use for the same period last year. Average receivable days outstanding was 49.6 days for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 50.3 days for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

•

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, higher inventory levels compared to year-end 2016 used $10.3 million of cash, while lower inventory levels at March 31, 2016 compared to year-end 2015 were a $26.6 million cash flow source for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The majority of the cash flow source from inventory in the three months ended March 31, 2016 was the result of the Houston and Edmonton inventory sale discussed above. Average days sales in inventory was 137.6 days for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 171.7 days for the three months ended March 31, 2016, which resulted primarily from improved inventory management.


•	During the three months ended March 31, 2017, increases in accounts payable and accrued and other current liabilities were an $18.9 million cash flow source compared to a $13.0 million cash flow source for the same period last year. Accounts payable days outstanding was 43.2 days for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 42.0 days for the same period last year.

Net cash used in investing activities of $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017 is mostly attributable to cash paid for capital expenditures of $1.1 million. Management expects capital expenditures to range from $6.0 million to $7.0 million for the full-year 2017. Net cash from investing activities of $52.8 million during the same period last year is mostly attributable to cash proceeds from the sale of TPI. Cash paid for capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $1.2 million.

Under the indenture governing the Company's 7.0% Convertible Notes due 2017 (the "Convertible Notes"), upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change, which includes, among other things, the delisting of the Company’s common stock from the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"), each holder has the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or a portion of such holder’s Convertible Notes. Effective January 17, 2017, the Company’s common stock was delisted from the NYSE. Accordingly, the Company made an offer to purchase its Convertible Notes and, on February 22, 2017, the Company repurchased $16 thousand aggregate principal amount of its Convertible Notes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, all available proceeds from the sale of TPI were used to pay down the Company's long-term debt, which along with the $7.1 million payment of debt restructuring costs, resulted in net cash used in financing activities of $51.6 million.

In December 2016, the Company entered into new secured credit facilities (the "Credit Facilities") with certain financial institutions (the "Financial Institutions") in order to replace and repay outstanding borrowings and support the continuance of letters of credit under the Company's senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility. The Credit Facilities are in the form of senior secured first-lien term loan facilities in an aggregate principal amount of up to $112.0 million. The Credit Facilities consist of a $75.0 million initial term loan facility funded at closing and a $37.0 million Delayed Draw Facility. Under the Delayed Draw Facility, $24.5 million was drawn in December 2016 and $12.5 million was expected to be available in June 2017 or thereafter.

On May 4, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Facilities Agreement. Under this amendment, the Financial Institutions agreed to accelerate the Company's access to the Delayed Draw Facility that was expected to be available in June 2017 or thereafter (refer to Note 14 - Subsequent Events to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). This will enable the Company to finance additional investments in inventory and service its customers' needs.

The Credit Facilities Agreement contains numerous covenants that, if breached, could result in a default under the agreement. These covenants include a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain a minimum amount of consolidated adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) during various applicable fiscal periods beginning with the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2017. The Company is also required to maintain specified minimum amounts of net working capital (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement) and consolidated liquidity (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement). The Credit Facilities Agreement also provides that a default could result from the occurrence of any condition, act, event or development that results or could be reasonably expected to result in a material adverse effect (as defined in the Credit Facilities Agreement). In the event of a default, the Financial Institutions could elect to declare all amounts borrowed due and payable, including accrued interest and any other obligations

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under the Credit Facilities. Any such acceleration would also result in a default under the indentures governing the Company's New Secured Notes and its New Convertible Notes.

The Company's debt agreements impose significant operating and financial restrictions which may prevent the Company from executing certain business opportunities, such as making acquisitions or paying dividends, among other things.

For additional information regarding the terms of the New Secured Notes, the New Convertible Notes and the Credit Facilities, refer to Note 7 - Debt to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company remains confident that it will have adequate liquidity over the next twelve months to operate its business and meet its cash requirements, but further reduction in the Company’s long-term debt and cash interest obligations would strengthen its financial position and flexibility and therefore remains a key near-term financial objective. To achieve this objective, on April 6, 2017, the Company entered into a restructuring support agreement (the “RSA”) with certain of its creditors (the "Consenting Creditors"), including certain holders of the Company’s (a) term loans under its Credit Facilities Agreement, (b) New Secured Notes, and (c) New Convertible Notes. The RSA contemplates the financial restructuring of the debt and equity of the Company (the “Restructuring”) pursuant to a Restructuring Term Sheet attached to the RSA as an exhibit (the “Term Sheet”). The Term Sheet sets forth the terms and conditions of the Restructuring and provides for the consummation thereof, and contains mutual covenants of the Company and the Consenting Creditors in furtherance of the Restructuring, either as part of out-of-court proceedings or by prepackaged chapter 11 plan of reorganization (a “Plan”) confirmed by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. If the Restructuring were consummated pursuant to a Plan, the Plan would be confirmed following a filing by the Company for voluntary relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. While there is still uncertainty about whether or not this action will be consummated out-of-court or through the U.S. Bankruptcy Court, this action, or similar actions, would be dilutive to the holders or the Company’s outstanding equity securities and could adversely affect the trading prices and values of the Company’s current debt and equity securities. For additional information concerning the RSA, please refer to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on April 7, 2017.

Through its restructuring and refinancing efforts, the Company is committed to achieving a strong financial position while maintaining sufficient levels of available liquidity, managing working capital and monitoring the Company's overall capitalization. Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2017 were $16.2 million, with approximately $7.7 million of the Company’s consolidated cash and cash equivalents balance residing in the United States.

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Working capital, defined as current assets less current liabilities, and the balances of its significant components are as follows:



	March 31,		December 31,		Working Capital
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)
Working capital	$	193.2	$	203.9	$	(10.7	)
Cash and cash equivalents	16.2		35.6		(19.4		)
Accounts receivable	80.7		64.4		16.3
Inventories	158.6		146.6		12.0
Accounts payable	52.6		33.1		(19.5		)
Accrued and other current liabilities	23.8		19.9		(3.9		)

The Company’s principal payments on long-term debt, including the current portion of long-term debt, required during the next five years and thereafter are summarized below (amounts in millions):



2017 (remaining nine months)	$	0.1
2018	276.5
2019	22.3
2020	—
2021	—
2022 and beyond	—
Total debt	$	298.9


Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company is exposed to interest rate, commodity price and foreign exchange rate risks that arise in the normal course of business. There have been no significant or material changes to such risks since December 31, 2016. Refer to Item 7A in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2016 for further discussion of such risks.


Item 4.	Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

A review and evaluation was performed by the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based upon that review and evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2017 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 6.	Exhibits

Exhibits required to be filed as part of this Report on Form 10-Q are listed in the Exhibit Index, which is incorporated by reference herein.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



			A. M. Castle & Co.
			(Registrant)
Date:	May 15, 2017	By:	/s/ Patrick R. Anderson
			Patrick R. Anderson, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
			(Principal Financial Officer & Principal Accounting Officer)
			(Mr. Anderson has been authorized to sign on behalf of the Registrant.)

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Exhibit Index

The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference:



Exhibit No.	Description	Page
3.1	Amended and Restated Bylaws of A.M. Castle & Co., as adopted on November 3, 2016. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on February 3, 2017. Commission File No. 1-05415
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of A.M. Castle & Co., as adopted on April 6, 2017. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 7, 2017. Commission File No. 1-05415
10.1	Restructuring Support Agreement, dated April 6, 2017 by and among the Company, certain of its subsidiaries, and certain beneficial holders or other parties signatory thereto. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 7, 2017. Commission File No. 1-05415
10.2	Second Amendment to Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2017, by and among the Company, certain of its subsidiaries, the Lenders party thereto, and Cantor Fitzgerald Securities, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 7, 2017. Commission File No. 1-05415
10.3	Third Amendment to Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of May 4, 2017, by and among the Company, certain of its subsidiaries, the Lenders party thereto, and Cantor Fitzgerald Securities, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 4, 2017. Commission File No. 1-05415
31.1	CEO Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	E-1
31.2	CFO Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	E-2
32.1	CEO and CFO Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	E-3
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document