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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

Form			10-Q

☒    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

or

☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from  to    

Commission file number: 001-37935

Acushnet Holdings Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware									45-2644353
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
333 Bridge Street			Fairhaven,			Massachusetts			02719
(Address of principal executive offices)									(Zip Code)

 

(800) 225-8500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock - $0.001 par value per share

GOLF

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer			☒			Accelerated filer			☐
Non-accelerated filer			☐			Smaller reporting company			☐
						Emerging growth company			☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ☒

The registrant had 74,294,507 shares of common stock outstanding as of October 30, 2020.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

						Page No.
PART I.			FINANCIAL INFORMATION			4
Item 1.			Financial Statements			4
Item 2.			Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			27
Item 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			40
Item 4.			Controls and Procedures			41
PART II.			OTHER INFORMATION			42
Item 1.			Legal Proceedings			42
Item 1A.			Risk Factors			42
Item 2.			Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			43
Item 3.			Defaults Upon Senior Securities			43
Item 4.			Mine Safety Disclosures			43
Item 5.			Other Information			43
Item 6.			Exhibits			44
Signatures						45

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by that section. These forward-looking statements are included throughout this report, including in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and relate to matters such as our industry, business strategy, goals and expectations concerning our market position, future operations, margins, profitability, capital expenditures, liquidity and capital resources and other financial and operating information. The forward-looking statements also reflect our current views with respect to the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows. We have used the words “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “future,” “will,” “seek,” “foreseeable” and similar terms and phrases to identify forward-looking statements in this report, although not all forward-looking statements use these identifying words.

The forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on management’s current expectations and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. We cannot assure you that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. Actual results may differ materially from these expectations due to changes in global, regional or local economic, business, competitive, market, regulatory and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We believe that these factors include:

•the duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may precipitate or exacerbate one or more of the following risks and uncertainties;

•a reduction in the number of rounds of golf played or in the number of golf participants;

•unfavorable weather conditions may impact the number of playable days and rounds played in a given year;

•consumer spending habits and macroeconomic factors may affect the number of rounds of golf played and related spending on golf products;

•demographic factors may affect the number of golf participants and related spending on our products;

•a significant disruption in the operations of our manufacturing, assembly or distribution facilities;

•our ability to procure raw materials or components of our products;

•a disruption in the operations of our suppliers;

•the cost of raw materials and components;

•currency transaction and translation risk;

•our ability to successfully manage the frequent introduction of new products or satisfy changing consumer preferences, quality and regulatory standards;

•our reliance on technical innovation and high-quality products;

•changes to the Rules of Golf with respect to equipment;

•our ability to adequately enforce and protect our intellectual property rights;

•involvement in lawsuits to protect, defend or enforce our intellectual property rights;

•our ability to prevent infringement of intellectual property rights by others;

•changes to patent laws;

•intense competition and our ability to maintain a competitive advantage in each of our markets;

•limited opportunities for future growth in sales of certain of our products, including golf balls, golf shoes and golf gloves;

•our customers’ financial condition, their levels of business activity and their ability to pay trade obligations;

•a decrease in corporate spending on our custom logo golf balls;

•our ability to maintain and further develop our sales channels;

•consolidation of retailers or concentration of retail market share;

•our ability to maintain and enhance our brands;

•seasonal fluctuations of our business;

•fluctuations of our business based on the timing of new product introductions;

•risks associated with doing business globally;

•compliance with laws, regulations and policies, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or other applicable anti-corruption legislation, as well as federal, state and local policies and executive orders regarding the COVID-19 pandemic;

•our ability to secure professional golfers to endorse or use our products;

•negative publicity relating to us or the golfers who use our products or the golf industry in general;

•our ability to accurately forecast demand for our products;

•a disruption in the service, or a significant increase in the cost, of our primary delivery and shipping services or a significant disruption at shipping ports;

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•our ability to maintain our information systems to adequately perform their functions;

•cybersecurity risks;

•the ability of our eCommerce systems to function effectively;

•impairment of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets;

•our ability to attract and/or retain management and other key employees and hire qualified management, technical and manufacturing personnel;

•our ability to prohibit sales of our products by unauthorized retailers or distributors;

•our ability to grow our presence in existing international markets and expand into additional international markets;

•tax uncertainties, including potential changes in tax laws, unanticipated tax liabilities and limitations on utilization of tax attributes after any change of control;

•adequate levels of coverage of our insurance policies;

•product liability, warranty and recall claims;

•litigation and other regulatory proceedings;

•compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations;

•our ability to secure additional capital at all or on terms acceptable to us and potential dilution of holders of our common stock;

•risks associated with acquisitions and investments;

•our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting estimates;

•terrorist activities and international political instability;

•occurrence of natural disasters or pandemic diseases, including the COVID-19 pandemic;

•our substantial leverage, ability to service our indebtedness, ability to incur more indebtedness and restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness;

•our use of derivative financial instruments;

•the ability of our controlling shareholder to control significant corporate activities, and that our controlling shareholder’s interests may conflict with yours;

•our status as a controlled company;

•the market price of shares of our common stock;

•our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting;

•our ability to pay dividends;

•our status as a holding company;

•dilution from future issuances or sales of our common stock;

•anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents and Delaware law;

•reports from securities analysts; and

•other factors discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this report. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements.

Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report speaks only as of the date of this report. Factors or events that could cause our actual results to differ may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, investments or other strategic transactions we may make. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by any applicable securities laws.

Website Disclosure

We use our website (www.acushnetholdingscorp.com) as a channel of distribution of company information. The information we post through this channel may be material. Accordingly, investors should monitor this channel, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. In addition, you may automatically receive e-mail alerts and other information about Acushnet Holdings Corp. when you enroll your e-mail address by visiting the “Resources” section of our website at https://www.acushnetholdingscorp.com/investors/resources. In addition, on our website, we post the following filings free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC: our annual reports on Form 10-K, our proxy statements, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The contents of our website are not, however, a part of this report.

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PART I.       FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.      FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INDEX TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

			Page(s)
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)			5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)			6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)			7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)			8
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited)			9
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			11

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

 

						September 30,						December 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)						2020						2019
Assets
Current assets
Cash and restricted cash ($8,449 and $8,514 attributable to the variable interest entity ("VIE"))						$	112,603					$	34,184
Accounts receivable, net						268,231						215,428
Inventories ($5,509 and $11,958 attributable to the VIE)						318,356						398,368
Prepaid and other assets						87,912						94,838
Total current assets						787,102						742,818
Property, plant and equipment, net ($10,778 and $11,374 attributable to the VIE)						219,744						231,575
Goodwill ($32,312 and $32,312 attributable to the VIE)						215,059						214,056
Intangible assets, net						475,195						480,794
Deferred income taxes						67,823						70,541
Other assets ($2,512 and $2,517 attributable to the VIE)						74,163						77,265
Total assets						$	1,839,086					$	1,817,049
Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities
Short-term debt						$	40,438					$	54,123
Current portion of long-term debt						17,500						17,500
Accounts payable ($4,239 and $8,360 attributable to the VIE)						94,867						102,335
Accrued taxes						31,331						36,032
Accrued compensation and benefits ($1,833 and $3,542 attributable to the VIE)						76,552						72,465
Accrued expenses and other liabilities ($2,723 and $4,468 attributable to the VIE)						102,466						76,663
Total current liabilities						363,154						359,118
Long-term debt						317,908						330,701
Deferred income taxes						4,601						4,837
Accrued pension and other postretirement benefits						109,206						118,852
Other noncurrent liabilities ($3,688 and $5,202 attributable to the VIE)						50,956						51,908
Total liabilities						845,825						865,416
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest						475						807
Shareholders' equity
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 75,665,990 and 75,619,587 shares issued						76						76
Additional paid-in capital						919,607						910,507
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax						(103,227)						(112,028)
Retained earnings						190,159						151,039
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,671,754 shares and 1,183,966 shares (including 299,894 and 56,000 of accrued share repurchases) (Note 9)						(45,106)						(31,154)
Total equity attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						961,509						918,440
Noncontrolling interests						31,277						32,386
Total shareholders' equity						992,786						950,826
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and shareholders' equity						$	1,839,086					$	1,817,049

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

 

						Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Net sales						$	482,932					$	417,166					$	1,191,675					$	1,313,086
Cost of goods sold						230,911						199,822						582,242						627,542
Gross profit						252,021						217,344						609,433						685,544
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative						153,724						158,857						436,982						484,506
Research and development						10,611						12,746						34,963						38,417
Intangible amortization						1,964						2,015						5,875						5,533
Restructuring charges						518						—						13,250						—
Income from operations						85,204						43,726						118,363						157,088
Interest expense, net						3,831						4,504						12,356						14,600
Other expense, net						3,186						1,486						8,050						1,297
Income before income taxes						78,187						37,736						97,957						141,191
Income tax expense						14,141						7,730						21,183						36,244
Net income						64,046						30,006						76,774						104,947
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests						(830)						(209)						(2,368)						(1,736)
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						$	63,216					$	29,797					$	74,406					$	103,211
Net income per common share attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.:
Basic						$	0.85					$	0.40					$	1.00					$	1.37
Diluted						0.84						0.39						0.99						1.36
Weighted average number of common shares:
Basic						74,448,733						75,192,567						74,498,841						75,603,108
Diluted						75,082,805						75,552,440						75,017,229						75,888,548

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

 

			Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2020						2019						2020						2019
Net income			$	64,046					$	30,006					$	76,774					$	104,947
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments			9,480						(5,995)						4,740						(6,370)
Cash flow derivative instruments
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period			(2,708)						2,293						(1,100)						2,246
Reclassification adjustments included in net income			(1,295)						(1,427)						(2,138)						(5,703)
Tax benefit			1,152						106						967						1,062
Cash flow derivative instruments, net			(2,851)						972						(2,271)						(2,395)
Pension and other postretirement benefits
Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustments			2,300						2,384						8,366						3,865
Tax expense			(583)						(364)						(2,034)						(711)
Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustments, net			1,717						2,020						6,332						3,154
Total other comprehensive income (loss)			8,346						(3,003)						8,801						(5,611)
Comprehensive income			72,392						27,003						85,575						99,336
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests			(889)						(209)						(2,544)						(1,736)
Comprehensive income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.			$	71,503					$	26,794					$	83,031					$	97,600

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

 

			Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2020						2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income			$	76,774					$	104,947
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash (used in) provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization			31,058						31,188
Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) losses			(518)						2,615
Amortization of debt issuance costs			961						1,107
Share-based compensation			10,077						7,991
Loss on disposals of property, plant and equipment			2						8
Deferred income taxes			1,739						14,699
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable			(49,494)						(88,036)
Inventories			79,751						22,887
Accounts payable			(5,197)						2,277
Accrued taxes			(5,453)						(10,543)
Other assets and liabilities			27,411						5,791
Cash flows provided by operating activities			167,111						94,931
Cash flows from investing activities
Additions to property, plant and equipment			(15,387)						(18,166)
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired			—						(28,104)
Cash flows used in investing activities			(15,387)						(46,270)
Cash flows from financing activities
(Repayments of) proceeds from short-term borrowings, net			(14,232)						59,614
Repayments of term loan facility			(13,125)						—
Repayments of delayed draw term loan A facility			—						(5,625)
Repayment of term loan A facility			—						(21,094)
Purchases of common stock			(6,976)						(10,409)
Debt issuance costs			(966)						—
Dividends paid on common stock			(34,550)						(32,967)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests			(4,302)						(3,353)
Payment of employee restricted stock tax withholdings			(496)						(10,924)
Cash flows used in financing activities			(74,647)						(24,758)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and restricted cash			1,342						(710)
Net increase in cash and restricted cash			78,419						23,193
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year			34,184						31,014
Cash and restricted cash, end of period			$	112,603					$	54,207
Supplemental information
Non-cash additions to property, plant and equipment			$	446					$	1,962
Non-cash additions to right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations			7,107						5,351
Non-cash additions to right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for finance lease obligations			427						—
Dividend equivalents rights ("DERs") declared not paid			750						580
Share repurchase liability (Note 9)			6,976						10,409
Non-cash loan to noncontrolling interest (Note 1)			—						4,392

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

												Common Stock												Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax						Retained Earnings						Treasury Stock						Total Shareholders' Equity Attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						Noncontrolling Interests						Total Shareholders' Equity
(in thousands)									Shares						Amount
Balances as of June 30, 2019												75,614						$	76					$	905,351					$	(91,647)					$	124,827					$	(12,356)					$	926,251					$	31,786					$	958,037
Net income												—						—						—						—						29,797						—						29,797						478						30,275
Other comprehensive loss												—						—						—						(3,003)						—						—						(3,003)						—						(3,003)
Share-based compensation												—						—						2,605						—						—						—						2,605						—						2,605
Vesting of restricted common stock, including impact of DERs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (Note 10)												5						—						1						—						—						—						1						—						1
Purchases of common stock (Note 9)												—						—						—						—						—						(4,231)						(4,231)						—						(4,231)
Share repurchase liability (Note 9)												—						—						—						—						—						(4,231)						(4,231)						—						(4,231)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared												—						—						—						—						(10,726)						—						(10,726)						—						(10,726)
Dividends declared to noncontrolling interests												—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(1,500)						(1,500)
Balances as of September 30, 2019												75,619						$	76					$	907,957					$	(94,650)					$	143,898					$	(20,818)					$	936,463					$	30,764					$	967,227
Balances as of June 30, 2020												75,656						$	76					$	916,097					$	(111,573)					$	138,733					$	(45,106)					$	898,227					$	34,744					$	932,971
Net income												—						—						—						—						63,216						—						63,216						835						64,051
Other comprehensive income												—						—						—						8,346						—						—						8,346						—						8,346
Share-based compensation												—						—						3,510						—						—						—						3,510						—						3,510
Vesting of restricted common stock, including impact of DERs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (Note 10)												10						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared												—						—						—						—						(11,790)						—						(11,790)						—						(11,790)
Dividends declared to noncontrolling interests												—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(4,302)						(4,302)
Balances as of September 30, 2020												75,666						$	76					$	919,607					$	(103,227)					$	190,159					$	(45,106)					$	961,509					$	31,277					$	992,786

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

												Common Stock												Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax						Retained Earnings						Treasury Stock						Total Shareholders' Equity Attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						Noncontrolling Interests						Total Shareholders' Equity
(in thousands)									Shares						Amount
Balances as of December 31, 2018												74,760						$	75					$	910,890					$	(89,039)					$	72,946					$	—					$	894,872					$	32,112					$	926,984
Net income												—						—						—						—						103,211						—						103,211						2,005						105,216
Other comprehensive loss												—						—						—						(5,611)						—						—						(5,611)						—						(5,611)
Share-based compensation												—						—						7,991						—						—						—						7,991						—						7,991
Vesting of restricted common stock, including impact of DERs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (Note 10)												859						1						(10,924)						—						—						—						(10,923)						—						(10,923)
Purchases of common stock (Note 9)												—						—						—						—						—						(10,409)						(10,409)						—						(10,409)
Share repurchase liability (Note 9)												—						—						—						—						—						(10,409)						(10,409)						—						(10,409)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared												—						—						—						—						(32,259)						—						(32,259)						—						(32,259)
Dividends declared to noncontrolling interests												—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(3,353)						(3,353)
Balances as of September 30, 2019												75,619						$	76					$	907,957					$	(94,650)					$	143,898					$	(20,818)					$	936,463					$	30,764					$	967,227
Balances as of December 31, 2019												75,620						$	76					$	910,507					$	(112,028)					$	151,039					$	(31,154)					$	918,440					$	32,386					$	950,826
Net income												—						—						—						—						74,406						—						74,406						3,193						77,599
Other comprehensive income												—						—						—						8,801						—						—						8,801						—						8,801
Share-based compensation												—						—						9,585						—						—						—						9,585						—						9,585
Vesting of restricted common stock, including impact of DERs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (Note 10)												46						—						(485)						—						—						—						(485)						—						(485)
Purchases of common stock (Note 9)												—						—						—						—						—						(6,976)						(6,976)						—						(6,976)
Share repurchase liability (Note 9)												—						—						—						—						—						(6,976)						(6,976)						—						(6,976)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared												—						—						—						—						(35,286)						—						(35,286)						—						(35,286)
Dividends declared to noncontrolling interests												—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(4,302)						(4,302)
Balances as of September 30, 2020												75,666						$	76					$	919,607					$	(103,227)					$	190,159					$	(45,106)					$	961,509					$	31,277					$	992,786

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of Acushnet Holdings Corp. (the “Company”), its wholly-owned subsidiaries and less than wholly-owned subsidiaries, including a variable interest entity (“VIE”) in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Certain information in footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements has been condensed or omitted for the interim periods presented in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and U.S. GAAP. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements; however, the accompanying interim notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. In the opinion of management, the financial statements contain all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to state fairly the financial position and results of operations of the Company. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2020, nor were those of the comparable 2019 period representative of those actually experienced for the full year ended December 31, 2019. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2020.

Risks and Uncertainties

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic related to the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”). Through the end of June 2020, the Company's business was significantly disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In Asia, the Company's operations were impacted earlier in the year and were at varying stages of recovery at the end of June, with Korea nearly fully recovered while Japan and other markets continued to progress. In the United States and Europe, as a result of government-ordered shutdowns, most on-course retail pro shops and off-course retail partner locations were closed for some portion of March, most of April and part of May 2020. Also, as a result of these orders, the Company was forced to temporarily close or substantially limit its operations in its manufacturing facilities and distribution centers in the United States and Europe from the end of March until mid-May 2020. During this period, the Company was largely unable to manufacture or ship products in these regions and took steps to strengthen its financial position and balance sheet, bolster its liquidity position and provide additional financial flexibility, including by reducing discretionary spending, reducing capital expenditures, suspending its share repurchase program, and amending its credit agreement (see Note 4). The Company's manufacturing facilities and distribution centers were re-opened in mid-May 2020 with protocols designed to promote the health and safety of its associates in accordance with state and local government re-opening guidance. By the end of June 2020, substantially all of the golf courses, on-course retail pro shops and off-course retail partner locations in the United States and Europe had re-opened and rounds of play have been strong since golf courses have reopened. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and remains highly uncertain, including the potential for a significant increase in the spread of the virus, additional government related shutdowns and a significant decrease in the current level of rounds of play and the related demand for golf related products.

The Company has evaluated and continues to evaluate the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its consolidated financial statements, including: impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets; impairment of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment; the fair value and collectability of receivables and other financial assets; the valuation of inventory; the effectiveness of foreign exchange forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges and the credit quality of the financial institutions with which the Company enters into derivative contracts; continuing compliance with debt covenants related to the Company's credit facility; and the probability of achievement of the performance metrics related to the Company's performance stock units (“PSUs”). The primary impacts to the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 include the hedge de-designation of certain foreign exchange forward contracts deemed ineffective (Note 5) and a decrease in share-based compensation expense related to the Company's PSUs.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, and both the full impact and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic remain highly uncertain. Accordingly, the Company's business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows could continue to be materially impacted in ways that the Company cannot currently predict.

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Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company has also made estimates related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and there may be changes to those estimates in future periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Variable Interest Entities

VIEs are entities that, by design, either (i) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities independently, or (ii) have equity holders that do not have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the entity’s expected losses, or the right to receive the entity’s expected residual returns. The Company consolidates a VIE when it is the primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation, through its interests in the VIE, to absorb expected losses or the right to receive expected benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Company consolidates the accounts of Acushnet Lionscore Limited, a VIE, which is 40% owned by the Company. The sole purpose of the VIE is to manufacture the Company’s golf footwear and as such, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. The Company has presented separately on its consolidated balance sheets, to the extent material, the assets of its consolidated VIE that can only be used to settle specific obligations of its consolidated VIE and the liabilities of its consolidated VIE for which creditors do not have recourse to its general credit. The general creditors of the VIE do not have recourse to the Company. Certain directors of the VIE have guaranteed the credit lines of the VIE, for which there were no outstanding borrowings as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the agreement governing the VIE, the Company is not required to provide financial support to the VIE.

Noncontrolling Interests and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest

The ownership interests held by owners other than the Company in less than wholly-owned subsidiaries are classified as noncontrolling interests. Redeemable noncontrolling interests are those noncontrolling interests which are or may become redeemable at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, at the option of the holder, or upon occurrence of an event. The financial results and position of the noncontrolling interests are included in their entirety in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The value attributable to the noncontrolling interests is presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, separately from the equity attributable to the Company. The value attributable to the redeemable noncontrolling interest and the related loan to the minority shareholders, which is recorded as a reduction to redeemable noncontrolling interest, is presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as temporary equity between liabilities and shareholders’ equity. The amount of the loan to minority shareholders included in temporary equity on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets was $4.4 million as of both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests are presented separately on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively.

Cash and Restricted Cash

Cash held in Company checking accounts is included in cash. Book overdrafts not subject to offset with other accounts with the same financial institution are classified as accounts payable. The Company classifies as restricted certain cash that is not available for use in its operations. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the amount of restricted cash included in cash and restricted cash on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets was $2.1 million and $2.0 million, respectively.

Accounts Receivable

On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" ("ASU 2016-13"), which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") methodology. The CECL methodology requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The measurement of

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expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including trade receivables.

The only financial assets held by the Company that are subject to evaluation under the CECL model are trade receivables. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the carrying value of trade receivables. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2020 are presented under ASU 2016-13 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable U.S. GAAP.

The Company estimates expected credit losses using a number of factors, including customer credit ratings, age of receivables, historical credit loss information and current and forecasted economic conditions (including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic) which could affect the collectability of the reported amounts. All of these factors have been considered in the estimate of expected credit losses as of September 30, 2020.

The activity related to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented was as follows:

						Three months ended						Nine months ended
(in thousands)						September 30, 2020						September 30, 2020
Balance at beginning of period						$	7,743					$	5,338
Bad debt expense						113						2,821
Amount of receivables recovered (written off)						(61)						(335)
Foreign currency translation and other						139						110
Balance at end of period						$	7,934					$	7,934

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions

Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) included in selling, general and administrative expense were gains of $1.0 million and losses of $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) included in selling, general and administrative expense were gains of $2.6 million and losses of $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Intangibles —Goodwill and Other —Internal-Use Software

On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract" ("ASU 2018-15"). The amendments in this update aligned the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Income Taxes

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"). The amendments in this update simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application and simplify U.S. GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

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Defined Benefit Plans—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans" ("ASU 2018-14"). The amendments in this update remove defined benefit plan disclosures that are no longer considered cost-beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. ASU 2018-14 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard should be applied to all periods presented. The adoption of this standard will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

2. Inventories

The components of inventories were as follows: 

						September 30,						December 31,
(in thousands)						2020						2019
Raw materials and supplies						$	67,260					$	87,675
Work-in-process						20,012						22,024
Finished goods						231,084						288,669
Inventories						$	318,356					$	398,368

3. Product Warranty

The Company has defined warranties generally ranging from one to two years. Products covered by the defined warranty policies primarily include all Titleist golf products, FootJoy golf shoes and FootJoy golf outerwear. These product warranties generally obligate the Company to pay for the cost of replacement products, including the cost of shipping replacement products to its customers. The estimated cost of satisfying future warranty claims is accrued at the time the sale is recorded. In estimating future warranty obligations, the Company considers various factors, including its warranty policies and practices, the historical frequency of claims and the cost to replace or repair products under warranty.

The activity related to the Company’s warranty obligation for accrued warranty expense was as follows:

						Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Balance at beginning of period						$	3,594					$	3,580					$	4,048					$	3,331
Provision						1,555						1,650						2,885						4,738
Claims paid/costs incurred						(1,432)						(1,592)						(3,162)						(4,417)
Foreign currency translation and other						56						295						2						281
Balance at end of period						$	3,773					$	3,933					$	3,773					$	3,933

4. Debt and Financing Arrangements

Credit Facility

The credit facility includes a revolving credit facility and a term loan facility. There were outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility of $37.7 million and $50.3 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The weighted average interest rate applicable to these outstanding borrowings was 2.25% and 3.54% as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The credit agreement contains customary affirmative and restrictive covenants, including, among others, financial covenants based on the Company's leverage and interest coverage ratios. See further discussion below regarding the Company's credit agreement and subsequent amendments to its leverage and interest coverage ratios. The credit agreement also includes customary events of default, the occurrence of which, following any applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the principal, accrued interest and other obligations to be immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the credit agreement.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had available borrowings under its revolving credit facility of $358.7 million after giving effect to $3.6 million of outstanding letters of credit.

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On July 3, 2020, the Company amended its credit agreement dated December 23, 2019 (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment amended the credit agreement to, among other things, modify the maximum net average total leverage ratio for each of the fiscal quarters ending after June 30, 2020 and on or before September 30, 2021 (for such period of time, the “Covenant Relief Period”). During the Covenant Relief Period, in lieu of complying with a maximum net average total leverage ratio of 3.50 to 1.00, the Company is required to comply with maximum net average total leverage ratios of 5.50 to 1.00 for the current fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2020, 6.50 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarters ending December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, 4.50 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021 and 4.00 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2021. Beginning with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021, the Company will be required to comply with its previous maximum net average total leverage ratio of 3.50 to 1.00.

The First Amendment also modified the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the credit agreement during the Covenant Relief Period from a range of 1.00% to 1.75% over the Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the credit agreement, which includes a 0.75% floor during the Covenant Relief Period) or 0.00% to 0.75% over the Base Rate (as defined in the credit agreement) to a range of 1.00% to 2.50% over the Eurodollar Rate or 0.00% to 1.50% over the Base Rate. The First Amendment modified the commitment fee rate payable during the Covenant Relief Period in respect of unused portions of the revolving credit facility from a range of 0.15% to 0.30% to a range of 0.15% to 0.45%.

During the Covenant Relief Period, the Company has the right under the amended credit agreement to establish a new revolving credit facility (a “364-Day Revolving Credit Facility”) providing for up to $150.0 million of revolving commitments of a new class maturing no later than the earlier of (x) 364 days from establishment of such facility and (y) the latest maturity applicable to then-outstanding term loans and existing revolving credit loans under the credit facility. The lenders under the credit facility will not be under any obligation to provide commitments under a 364-Day Revolving Credit Facility, and the establishment of a 364-Day Revolving Credit Facility is subject to customary conditions precedent.

The First Amendment amended the incremental facilities provision in the credit agreement by permitting the Company to request additional term loans and/or increases to the existing revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed (i) $225.0 million (the “Free and Clear Incremental Amount”) plus (ii) an unlimited amount so long as the net average secured leverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) does not exceed 2.25 to 1.00 on a pro forma basis (the “Incremental Provision”). Under the amended credit agreement, the Incremental Provision is unavailable during the Covenant Relief Period. In addition, at any time that a 364-Day Revolving Credit Facility is in effect, outstanding commitments and loans under such 364-Day Revolving Credit Facility will reduce the Free and Clear Incremental Amount.

In connection with amending its credit agreement, the Company incurred fees and expenses of approximately $1.1 million, of which approximately $0.8 million was capitalized as debt issuance costs included in other assets and long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheet. The remaining $0.3 million was included in interest expense, net for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2020.

See Note 1 for further discussion on the Company's evaluation and response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other Short-Term Borrowings

The Company has certain unsecured local credit facilities available through its subsidiaries. There were outstanding borrowings under the Company's local credit facilities of $2.7 million and $3.8 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The weighted average interest rate applicable to the outstanding borrowings was 1.75% and 2.29% as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had available borrowings remaining under these local credit facilities of $60.2 million.

Letters of Credit

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were outstanding letters of credit related to agreements, including the Company's credit facility, totaling $7.4 million and $14.8 million, respectively, of which $4.1 million and $11.6 million, respectively, was secured. These agreements provided a maximum commitment for letters of credit of $53.8 million and $59.8 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

5. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company principally uses derivative financial instruments to reduce the impact of foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate variability on the Company's results of operations. The principal derivative financial instruments the Company enters into are foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swaps. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instrument contracts for trading or speculative purposes.

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Foreign Exchange Derivative Instruments

Foreign exchange forward contracts are foreign exchange derivative instruments primarily used to reduce foreign currency risk related to transactions denominated in a currency other than functional currency. These instruments are designated as cash flow hedges. The periods of the foreign exchange forward contracts correspond to the periods of the hedged forecasted transactions, which do not exceed 24 months subsequent to the latest balance sheet date. The primary foreign exchange forward contracts pertain to the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen, the British pound sterling, the Canadian dollar, the Korean won and the euro. The gross U.S. dollar equivalent notional amount outstanding of all foreign exchange forward contracts designated under hedge accounting as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $260.4 million and $287.9 million, respectively.

As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company de-designated certain foreign exchange cash flow hedges deemed ineffective, none of which were outstanding as of September 30, 2020. See Note 1 for further discussion on the Company's evaluation and response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Company also enters into foreign exchange forward contracts, which do not qualify as hedging instruments under U.S. GAAP, to reduce foreign currency transaction risk related to certain intercompany assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than functional currency. These undesignated instruments are recorded at fair value as a derivative asset or liability with the corresponding change in fair value recognized in selling, general and administrative expense. There were no outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts not designated under hedge accounting as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Interest Rate Derivative Instruments

The Company enters into interest rate swap contracts to reduce interest rate risk related to floating rate debt. Under the contracts, the Company pays fixed and receives variable rate interest, in effect converting a portion of its floating rate debt to fixed rate debt. The interest rate swap contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the notional value of the Company's outstanding interest rate swap contracts was $140.0 million and $160.0 million, respectively.

Impact on Financial Statements

The fair value of hedge instruments recognized on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets was as follows:

(in thousands)												September 30,						December 31,
Balance Sheet Location						Hedge Instrument Type						2020						2019
Prepaid and other assets						Foreign exchange forward						$	2,217					$	4,549
Other assets						Foreign exchange forward						184						1,109
Accrued expenses and other liabilities						Foreign exchange forward						2,107						2,561
						Interest rate swap						2,530						1,862
Other noncurrent liabilities						Foreign exchange forward						606						115
						Interest rate swap						—						789

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The hedge instrument gain (loss) recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax was as follows:

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Type of hedge
Foreign exchange forward						$	(2,711)					$	2,440					$	1,119					$	4,634
Interest rate swap						3						(147)						(2,219)						(2,388)
Total						$	(2,708)					$	2,293					$	(1,100)					$	2,246

Gains and losses on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax at the time the forecasted hedged transaction impacts the statements of operations or at the time the hedge is determined to be ineffective. Based on the current valuation, during the next 12 months the Company expects to reclassify a net gain of $0.9 million related to foreign exchange derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, into cost of goods sold and a net loss of $2.5 million related to interest rate derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax into interest expense, net. For further information related to amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, see Note 11.

The hedge instrument gain (loss) recognized on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows:

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Location of gain (loss) in statement of operations
Foreign exchange forward:
Cost of goods sold						$	2,216					$	1,677					$	3,990					$	6,276
Selling, general and administrative (1)(2)						(551)						625						(1,080)						442
Total						$	1,665					$	2,302					$	2,910					$	6,718
Interest Rate Swap:
Interest expense, net						$	(966)					$	(250)					$	(2,346)					$	(573)
Total						$	(966)					$	(250)					$	(2,346)					$	(573)

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)    Relates to net gains (losses) on foreign exchange forward contracts derived from previously designated cash flow hedges.

(2)    Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, excludes net gains of $0.5 million reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax related to hedges deemed ineffective.

Credit Risk

The Company enters into derivative contracts with major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings and is exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by these financial institutions. This credit risk is generally limited to the unrealized gains in the derivative contracts. However, the Company monitors the credit quality of these financial institutions, as well as its own credit quality, and considers the risk of counterparty default to be minimal.

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6. Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value under U.S. GAAP. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 were as follows:

						Fair Value Measurements as of
						September 30, 2020 using:
(in thousands)						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Balance Sheet Location
Assets
Rabbi trust						$	6,306					$	—					$	—					Prepaid and other assets
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						—						2,217						—						Prepaid and other assets
Deferred compensation program assets						876						—						—						Other assets
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						—						184						—						Other assets
Total assets						$	7,182					$	2,401					$	—
Liabilities
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						$	—					$	2,107					$	—					Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Interest rate derivative instruments						—						2,530						—						Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Deferred compensation program liabilities						876						—						—						Other noncurrent liabilities
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						—						606						—						Other noncurrent liabilities
Total liabilities						$	876					$	5,243					$	—

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 were as follows:

						Fair Value Measurements as of
						December 31, 2019 using:
(in thousands)						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Balance Sheet Location
Assets
Rabbi trust						$	6,070					$	—					$	—					Prepaid and other assets
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						—						4,549						—						Prepaid and other assets
Deferred compensation program assets						870						—						—						Other assets
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						—						1,109						—						Other assets
Total assets						$	6,940					$	5,658					$	—
Liabilities
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						$	—					$	2,561					$	—					Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Interest rate derivative instruments						—						1,862						—						Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Deferred compensation program liabilities						870						—						—						Other noncurrent liabilities
Foreign exchange derivative instruments						—						115						—						Other noncurrent liabilities
Interest rate derivative instruments						—						789						—						Other noncurrent liabilities
Total liabilities						$	870					$	5,327					$	—

Rabbi trust assets are used to fund certain retirement obligations of the Company. The assets underlying the Rabbi trust are equity and fixed income exchange-traded funds.

Deferred compensation program assets and liabilities represent a program where select employees could defer compensation until termination of employment. Effective July 29, 2011, this program was amended to cease all employee compensation deferrals and provided for the distribution of all previously deferred employee compensation. The program remains in effect with respect to the value attributable to the employer match contributed prior to July 29, 2011.

Foreign exchange derivative instruments are foreign exchange forward contracts primarily used to limit currency risk that would otherwise result from changes in foreign exchange rates (Note 5). The Company uses the mid-price of foreign exchange forward rates as of the close of business on the valuation date to value each foreign exchange forward contract at each reporting period.

Interest rate derivative instruments are interest rate swap contracts used to reduce interest rate risk related to the Company's floating rate debt (Note 5). The valuation for the interest rate swap is calculated as the net of the discounted future cash flows of the pay and receive legs of the swap. Mid-market interest rates on the valuation date are used to create the forward curve for floating legs and discount curve.

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7. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

Components of net periodic benefit cost (income) were as follows: 

						Pension Benefits												Postretirement Benefits
						Three months ended September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Components of net periodic benefit cost (income)
Service cost						$	2,402					$	2,262					$	150					$	143
Interest cost						2,194						2,644						108						140
Expected return on plan assets						(2,577)						(3,123)						—						—
Settlement expense						1,241						2,122						—						—
Amortization of net loss (gain)						1,356						513						(241)						(359)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)						70						94						(35)						(35)
Net periodic benefit cost (income)						$	4,686					$	4,512					$	(18)					$	(111)

Components of net periodic benefit cost (income) were as follows: 

						Pension Benefits												Postretirement Benefits
						Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Components of net periodic benefit cost (income)
Service cost						$	7,180					$	6,384					$	450					$	430
Interest cost						7,244						8,432						324						418
Expected return on plan assets						(8,382)						(9,679)						—						—
Settlement expense						5,091						3,897						—						—
Amortization of net loss (gain)						3,663						914						(725)						(1,077)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)						209						186						(103)						(103)
Net periodic benefit cost (income)						$	15,005					$	10,134					$	(54)					$	(332)

The non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost (income) are included in other expense, net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

8. Income Taxes

Income tax expense increased by $6.4 million to $14.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $7.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The Company’s effective tax rate ("ETR") was 18.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 20.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The change in the ETR was primarily driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's jurisdictional mix of earnings, as well as a reduction of income tax expense related to U.S. taxation of foreign earnings.

Income tax expense decreased by $15.0 million to $21.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $36.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Company’s ETR was 21.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 25.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The change in the ETR was primarily driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's jurisdictional mix of earnings, as well as discrete tax benefits related to both a reduction of foreign withholding taxes and U.S. taxation of foreign earnings, offset by a reduction in tax benefits related to share-based compensation expense.

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9. Common Stock

Dividends

The Company declared dividends per common share, including DERs (Note 10), during the periods presented as follows:

						Dividends per Common Share						Amount (in thousands)
2020:
Third Quarter						$	0.155					$	11,790
Second Quarter						0.155						11,761
First Quarter						0.155						11,735
Total dividends declared in 2020						$	0.465					$	35,286
2019:
Fourth Quarter						$	0.14					$	10,718
Third Quarter						0.14						10,726
Second Quarter						0.14						10,751
First Quarter						0.14						10,782
Total dividends declared in 2019						$	0.56					$	42,977

During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company's Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.155 per share of common stock to shareholders of record as of December 4, 2020 and payable on December 18, 2020.

Share Repurchase Program

As of September 30, 2020, the Board of Directors had authorized the Company to repurchase up to an aggregate of $100.0 million of its issued and outstanding common stock.

Share repurchases may be effected from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions, including transactions with affiliates, with the timing of purchases and the amount of stock purchased generally determined at the discretion of the Company consistent with the Company's general working capital needs and within the constraints of the Company’s credit agreement. As previously disclosed, in connection with this share repurchase program, the Company entered into an agreement with Magnus Holdings Co., Ltd. (“Magnus”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Fila Holdings Co., to purchase from Magnus an equal amount of its common stock as it purchases on the open market, up to an aggregate of $24.9 million, at the same weighted average per share price.

In April 2020, the Company temporarily suspended stock repurchases under its share repurchase program in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company has the ability to resume repurchases in its discretion. See Note 1 for further discussion on the Company's evaluation and response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Company's share repurchase activity was as follows:

						Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Shares repurchased (1)						—						166,972						243,894						420,357
Average price						$	—					$	25.34					$	28.60					$	24.76
Aggregate value						$	—					$	4,231					$	6,976					$	10,409

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) There were no shares repurchased from Magnus during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the Magnus share repurchase agreement.

In relation to the Magnus share repurchase agreement, the Company has recorded a liability to repurchase additional shares of common stock from Magnus of $8.8 million (299,894 shares) and $1.8 million (56,000 shares), which was included in accrued expenses and other liabilities and treasury stock on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Excluding the impact of the share repurchase liability, as of September 30, 2020, the Company had $63.7 million remaining under the current share repurchase authorization, including $11.1 million related to the Magnus share repurchase agreement.

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10. Equity Incentive Plans

Under the Acushnet Holdings Corp. 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”), the Company may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), PSUs and other share-based and cash-based awards to members of the Board of Directors, officers, employees, consultants and advisors of the Company. As of September 30, 2020, the only awards granted under the 2015 Plan were RSUs and PSUs.

Restricted Stock and Performance Stock Units

RSUs granted to members of the Board of Directors vest immediately into shares of common stock. RSUs granted to Company officers generally vest over three years, with one-third of each grant vesting annually, subject to the recipient's continued employment with the Company. RSUs granted to other employees, consultants and advisors of the Company vest in accordance with the terms of the grants, generally over three years, subject to the recipient’s continued service to the Company. PSUs vest, subject to the recipient's continued employment with the Company, based upon the Company's performance against specified metrics which are generally over a three year performance period. At the end of the performance period, the number of shares of common stock that could be issued is fixed based upon the Company's performance against these metrics. The number of shares that could be issued can range from 0% to 200% of the recipient's target award. Recipients of the awards granted under the 2015 Plan may elect to defer receipt of all or any portion of any shares of common stock issuable upon vesting to a future date elected by the recipient.

All RSUs and PSUs granted under the 2015 Plan have DERs, which entitle holders of RSUs and PSUs to the same dividend value per share as holders of common stock and can be paid in either cash or common stock. DERs are subject to the same vesting and other terms and conditions as the corresponding unvested RSUs and PSUs. DERs are paid when the underlying shares of common stock are delivered.

A summary of the Company’s RSUs and PSUs as of September 30, 2020 and changes during the nine months then ended is presented below: 

												Weighted-												Weighted-
						Number						Average						Number						Average
						of RSUs						Fair Value RSUs						of PSUs						Fair Value PSUs
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019						947,243						$	23.49					207,077						$	23.47
Granted						519,208						25.92						252,031						25.45
Vested (1)						(94,406)						25.22						(789)						25.45
Forfeited						(58,816)						24.06						(743)						25.45
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020						1,313,229						$	24.30					457,576						$	24.55

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Includes 64,475 shares of common stock related to RSUs and no shares of common stock related to PSUs that were not delivered as of September 30, 2020.

A summary of shares of common stock issued related to the 2015 Plan, including the impact of any DERs issued in common stock, is presented below:

						Nine months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30, 2020												September 30, 2019
						RSUs						PSUs						RSUs						PSUs
Shares of common stock issued (1)						62,855						789						407,083						900,226
Shares of common stock withheld by the Company as payment by employees in lieu of cash to satisfy tax withholding obligations						(16,972)						(269)						(123,013)						(325,246)
Net shares of common stock issued						45,883						520						284,070						574,980
Cumulative undelivered shares of common stock						252,601						—						172,627						—

______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Shares of common stock issued in 2019 related to PSUs represents PSUs that vested in 2018 but were delivered in common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

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Compensation expense recorded related to RSUs and PSUs in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows:

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
RSUs						$	2,876					$	2,175					$	9,141					$	6,915
PSUs						634						430						444						1,076

The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs and unvested PSUs was $16.3 million and $5.7 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2020 and is expected to be recognized over the related weighted average period of 1.9 years and 2.3 years, respectively.

Compensation Expense

The allocation of share-based compensation expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows:

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Cost of goods sold						$	357					$	218					$	985					$	579
Selling, general and administrative						3,090						2,153						8,379						6,794
Research and development						227						234						713						618
Total compensation expense before income tax						3,674						2,605						10,077						7,991
Income tax benefit						811						580						2,123						1,716
Total compensation expense, net of income tax						$	2,863					$	2,025					$	7,954					$	6,275

11. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses from derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges (Note 5) and pension and other postretirement adjustments (Note 7).

The components of and changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, were as follows:

						Foreign						Gains (Losses) on						Gains (Losses) on						Pension and						Accumulated
						Currency						Foreign Exchange						Interest Rate						Other						Other
						Translation						Derivative						Swap Derivative						Postretirement						Comprehensive
(in thousands)						Adjustments						Instruments						Instruments						Adjustments						Loss, Net of Tax
Balance as of December 31, 2019						$	(71,187)					$	2,901					$	(2,003)					$	(41,739)					$	(112,028)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications						4,740						1,119						(2,219)						231						3,871
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax						—						(4,484)						2,346						8,135						5,997
Tax benefit (expense)						—						998						(31)						(2,034)						(1,067)
Balance as of September 30, 2020						$	(66,447)					$	534					$	(1,907)					$	(35,407)					$	(103,227)

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12. Net Income per Common Share

The following is a computation of basic and diluted net income per common share attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.:

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						$	63,216					$	29,797					$	74,406					$	103,211
Weighted average number of common shares:
Basic						74,448,733						75,192,567						74,498,841						75,603,108
Diluted						75,082,805						75,552,440						75,017,229						75,888,548
Net income per common share attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.:
Basic						$	0.85					$	0.40					$	1.00					$	1.37
Diluted						$	0.84					$	0.39					$	0.99					$	1.36

Net income per common share attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was calculated using the treasury stock method.

The Company’s potential dilutive securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 include RSUs and PSUs. PSUs vest based upon achievement of performance targets and are excluded from the diluted shares outstanding unless the performance targets have been met as of the end of the applicable reporting period regardless of whether such performance targets are probable of achievement.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the following securities have been excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding as their impact was determined to be anti-dilutive:

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
						2020						2019						2020						2019
RSUs						—						—						—						1,350

13. Segment Information

The Company’s operating segments are based on how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) makes decisions about assessing performance and allocating resources. The Company has four reportable segments that are organized on the basis of product categories. These segments include Titleist golf balls, Titleist golf clubs, Titleist golf gear and FootJoy golf wear.

The CODM primarily evaluates performance using segment operating income (loss). Segment operating income (loss) includes directly attributable expenses and certain shared costs of corporate administration that are allocated to the reportable segments, but excludes interest expense, net, restructuring charges, the non-service cost component of net periodic benefit cost, transaction fees and other non-operating gains and losses as the Company does not allocate these to the reportable segments. The CODM does not evaluate a measure of assets when assessing performance.

Results shown for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are not necessarily those which would be achieved if each segment was an unaffiliated business enterprise. There are no intersegment transactions.

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Information by reportable segment and a reconciliation to reported amounts are as follows:

						Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Net sales
Titleist golf balls						$	170,121					$	120,885					$	388,499					$	435,857
Titleist golf clubs						120,818						126,779						286,428						325,107
Titleist golf gear						44,274						34,576						120,168						126,594
FootJoy golf wear						116,010						102,572						314,733						357,648
Other						31,709						32,354						81,847						67,880
Total net sales						$	482,932					$	417,166					$	1,191,675					$	1,313,086
Segment operating income
Titleist golf balls						$	47,697					$	17,830					$	60,988					$	75,530
Titleist golf clubs						19,199						20,099						21,341						26,559
Titleist golf gear						7,216						1,741						20,740						19,958
FootJoy golf wear						6,464						698						18,906						24,998
Other						4,969						3,112						8,716						11,699
Total segment operating income						85,545						43,480						130,691						158,744
Reconciling items:
Interest expense, net						(3,831)						(4,504)						(12,356)						(14,600)
Restructuring charges						(518)						—						(13,250)						—
Non-service cost component of net periodic benefit cost						(2,116)						(1,996)						(7,321)						(2,988)
Transaction fees						—						(68)						—						(2,015)
Other						(893)						824						193						2,050
Total income before income tax						$	78,187					$	37,736					$	97,957					$	141,191

Information as to the Company’s operations in different geographical areas is presented below. Net sales are categorized based on the location in which the sale originates.

						Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
United States						$	271,278					$	215,676					$	627,516					$	702,326
EMEA (1)						65,442						55,667						174,239						186,746
Japan						42,282						55,195						101,980						134,743
Korea						61,455						55,726						177,793						165,178
Rest of world						42,475						34,902						110,147						124,093
Total net sales						$	482,932					$	417,166					$	1,191,675					$	1,313,086

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")

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14. Commitments and Contingencies

Purchase Obligations

During the normal course of its business, the Company enters into agreements to purchase goods and services, including purchase commitments for production materials, finished goods inventory, capital expenditures and endorsement arrangements with professional golfers.

The Company's purchase obligations as of September 30, 2020 were as follows:

						Payments Due by Period
						Remainder of
(in thousands)						2020						2021						2022						2023						2024						Thereafter
Purchase obligations (1)						$	135,939					$	34,449					$	4,853					$	682					$	472					$	1,603

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)    The reported amounts exclude those liabilities included in accounts payable or accrued liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2020.

Contingencies

In connection with the Company’s acquisition of Acushnet Company, Beam Suntory, Inc. indemnified the Company for certain tax related obligations that relate to periods during which Fortune Brands, Inc. owned Acushnet Company. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company’s estimate of its receivable for these indemnifications was $9.8 million and $9.5 million, respectively, which was recorded in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Litigation

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in lawsuits associated with the normal conduct of their businesses and operations. It is not possible to predict the outcome of the pending actions, and, as with any litigation, it is possible that some of these actions could be decided unfavorably. Consequently, the Company is unable to estimate the ultimate aggregate amount of monetary loss, amounts covered by insurance or the financial impact that will result from such matters and has not recorded a liability related to potential losses.

15. Restructuring Charges

During the first quarter of 2020, management approved a restructuring program to refine its business model and improve operational efficiencies. This program included both a voluntary bridge to retirement ("VBR") program for certain eligible employees and involuntary headcount reductions ("Other"). The VBR program is part of the Company's long-term strategic planning process and is designed to bridge eligible employees to retirement. As part of this program, employees were offered severance in the form of salary continuation, including benefits, as well as accrued bonus incentives. Costs associated with the involuntary headcount reductions include severance and other benefits related to these headcount reductions.

The activity related to the Company’s restructuring programs was as follows:

						Three months ended September 30, 2020												Nine months ended September 30, 2020
(in thousands)						VBR						Other						VBR						Other
Balance at beginning of period						$	10,340					$	856					$	—					$	—
Provision						—						518						11,249						2,001
Payments						(1,705)						(396)						(2,829)						(1,026)
Foreign currency translation and other						102						8						317						11
Balance at end of period						$	8,737					$	986					$	8,737					$	986

There are no further costs expected to be incurred with these programs. The Company could implement additional restructuring programs in the future as a result of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic or other operational efficiency improvement opportunities.

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The restructuring program liabilities recognized on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets were as follows:

(in thousands)

September 30,

Balance Sheet Location

Restructuring Program

2020

Accrued compensation and benefits

VBR

$

8,032

Other

986

Other noncurrent liabilities

VBR

705

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ITEM 2.      MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion contains management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations and should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs and involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described in “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. You should carefully read “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” following the Table of Contents. Unless otherwise noted, the figures in the following discussion are unaudited.

Overview

We are the global leader in the design, development, manufacture and distribution of performance-driven golf products, which are widely recognized for their quality excellence. Today, we are the steward of two of the most revered brands in golf—Titleist, one of golf’s leading performance equipment brands, and FootJoy, one of golf’s leading performance wear brands. We own or control the design, sourcing, manufacturing, packaging and distribution of our products. In doing so, we are able to exercise control over every step of the manufacturing process.

Our target market is dedicated golfers, who are the cornerstone of the worldwide golf industry. These dedicated golfers are avid and skill-biased, prioritize performance and commit the time, effort and money to improve their game. We believe our focus on innovation and process excellence yields golf products that represent superior performance and consistent product quality, which are the key attributes sought after by dedicated golfers. Many of the game's professional players, who represent the most dedicated golfers, prefer our products, thereby validating our performance and quality promise, while also driving brand awareness. We seek to leverage a pyramid of influence product and promotion strategy, whereby our products are the most played by the best players, creating aspirational appeal for a broad range of golfers who want to emulate the performance of the game's best players.

Our net sales are diversified by both product category and mix as well as geography. Our product categories include golf balls, golf clubs, wedges and putters, golf shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf outerwear and apparel. Our product portfolio contains a favorable mix of consumable products, which we consider to be golf balls and golf gloves, and more durable products, which we consider to be golf clubs, golf shoes, golf gear and golf outerwear and apparel. Our net sales are also diversified by geography with a substantial majority of our net sales generated in five countries: the United States, Japan, Korea, the United Kingdom and Canada. We have the following reportable segments: Titleist golf balls; Titleist golf clubs; Titleist golf gear; and FootJoy golf wear.

Impact of COVID-19 on our Business

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic related to the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”). Through the end of June 2020, our business was significantly disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In Asia, our operations were impacted earlier in the year and were at varying stages of recovery at the end of June, with Korea nearly fully recovered while Japan and other markets continued to progress. In the United States and Europe, as a result of government-ordered shutdowns, most on-course retail pro shops and off-course retail partner locations were closed for some portion of March, most of April and part of May 2020. Also, as a result of these orders, we were forced to temporarily close or substantially limit our operations in our manufacturing facilities and distribution centers in the United States and Europe from the end of March until mid-May 2020. During this period, we were largely unable to manufacture or ship products in these regions and took steps to strengthen our financial position and balance sheet, bolster our liquidity position and provide additional financial flexibility, including by reducing discretionary spending, reducing capital expenditures, suspending our share repurchase program, and amending our credit agreement.

Our manufacturing facilities and distribution centers were re-opened in mid-May 2020 with protocols designed to promote the health and safety of our associates in accordance with state and local government re-opening guidance. The protocols include reconfiguring our manufacturing and distribution facilities to allow for social distancing, implementing stringent safety measures in all facilities, implementing work-from-home policies wherever possible and suspending non-critical business travel.

By the end of June 2020, substantially all of the golf courses, on-course retail pro shops and off-course retail partner locations in the United States and Europe had re-opened. Rounds of play have been strong since golf courses have reopened, which resulted in increased demand for our products during June 2020 and even greater demand for our products through the third quarter of 2020 in the United States and Europe. Rounds of play and demand for golf products in Korea have remained

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strong through the third quarter of 2020; however, Japan continued to be negatively impacted by COVID-19 with decreased rounds of play and lower demand for golf related products. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and remains highly uncertain, including the potential for a significant increase in the spread of the virus, additional government related shutdowns and a significant decrease in the current level of rounds of play and the related demand for golf related products.

The COVID-19 pandemic has materially impacted our results of operations for the third quarter of 2020 and the first nine months of 2020 as described in more detail under “Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019” and “Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019” below. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, and both the full impact and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic remain highly uncertain. Accordingly, our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows could continue to be materially impacted in ways that we cannot currently predict.

Key Performance Measures

We use various financial metrics to measure and evaluate our business, including, among others: (i) net sales on a constant currency basis, (ii) Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis, (iii) Adjusted EBITDA margin on a consolidated basis and (iv) segment operating income.

Since a significant percentage of our net sales are generated outside of the United States, we use net sales on a constant currency basis to evaluate the sales performance of our business in period over period comparisons and for forecasting our business going forward. Constant currency information allows us to estimate what our sales performance would have been without changes in foreign currency exchange rates. This information is calculated by taking the current period local currency sales and translating them into U.S. dollars based upon the foreign currency exchange rates for the applicable comparable prior period. This constant currency information should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any measure derived in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). Our presentation of constant currency information may not be consistent with the manner in which similar measures are derived or used by other companies.

We primarily use Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, assess our consolidated operating performance and make decisions regarding pricing of our products, go to market execution and costs to incur across our business. We present Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure of our operating performance because it excludes the impact of certain items that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA in a manner consistent with the term “Consolidated EBITDA” as it is defined in our credit agreement. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. adjusted for interest expense, net, income tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization and other items defined in the agreement, including: share-based compensation expense; restructuring and transformation costs; certain transaction fees; extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring losses or charges; indemnification expense (income); certain pension settlement costs; certain other non-cash (gains) losses, net and the net income relating to noncontrolling interests. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement of financial performance under U.S. GAAP. It should not be considered an alternative to net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. as a measure of our operating performance or any other measure of performance derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items, or affected by similar non-recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider such measure either in isolation or as a substitute for analyzing our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Our definition and calculation of Adjusted EBITDA is not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. For a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp., see “—Results of Operations” below.

We also use Adjusted EBITDA margin on a consolidated basis, which measures our Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net sales, because our management uses it to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, assess our consolidated operating performance and make decisions regarding pricing of our products, go to market execution and costs to incur across our business. We present Adjusted EBITDA margin as a supplemental measure of our operating performance because it excludes the impact of certain items that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA margin is not a measurement of financial performance under U.S. GAAP. It should not be considered an alternative to any measure of performance derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA margin should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items, or affected by similar non-recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA margin has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider such measure either in isolation or as a substitute for analyzing our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Our definition and

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calculation of Adjusted EBITDA margin is not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation.

Lastly, we use segment operating income to evaluate and assess the performance of each of our reportable segments and to make budgeting decisions. Segment operating income includes directly attributable expenses and certain shared costs of corporate administration that are allocated to the reportable segments, but excludes interest expense, net; restructuring charges; the non-service cost component of net periodic benefit cost; transaction fees and other non-operating gains and losses as we do not allocate these to the reportable segments.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our results of operations.

 

						Three months ended												Nine months ended
						September 30,												September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019						2020						2019
Net sales						$	482,932					$	417,166					$	1,191,675					$	1,313,086
Cost of goods sold						230,911						199,822						582,242						627,542
Gross profit						252,021						217,344						609,433						685,544
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative						153,724						158,857						436,982						484,506
Research and development						10,611						12,746						34,963						38,417
Intangible amortization						1,964						2,015						5,875						5,533
Restructuring charges						518						—						13,250						—
Income from operations						85,204						43,726						118,363						157,088
Interest expense, net						3,831						4,504						12,356						14,600
Other expense, net						3,186						1,486						8,050						1,297
Income before income taxes						78,187						37,736						97,957						141,191
Income tax expense						14,141						7,730						21,183						36,244
Net income						64,046						30,006						76,774						104,947
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests						(830)						(209)						(2,368)						(1,736)
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						$	63,216					$	29,797					$	74,406					$	103,211
Adjusted EBITDA:
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.						$	63,216					$	29,797					$	74,406					$	103,211
Interest expense, net						3,831						4,504						12,356						14,600
Income tax expense						14,141						7,730						21,183						36,244
Depreciation and amortization						10,487						11,592						31,058						31,188
Share-based compensation						3,674						2,605						10,077						7,991
Restructuring & transformation costs (1)						643						—						13,710						—
Transaction fees						—						68						—						2,015
Other extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items, net (2)						2,417						(738)						19,960						(1,338)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests						830						209						2,368						1,736
Adjusted EBITDA						$	99,239					$	55,767					$	185,118					$	195,647
Adjusted EBITDA margin						20.5		%				13.4		%				15.5		%				14.9		%

_______________________________________________________________________________________

(1)Relates to severance and other costs associated with management's approved restructuring program to refine the Company's business model and improve operational efficiencies.

(2)Includes salaries and benefits paid for associates who could not work due to government mandated shutdowns, fringe benefits paid for furloughed associates, spoiled raw materials, incremental costs to support remote work and the cost of additional health and safety equipment of $13.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Additionally includes $1.2 million and $5.1 million of pension settlement costs related to lump-sum distributions to participants in our defined benefit plans as a result of the voluntary retirement plan as part of management’s approved restructuring program during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

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Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

Net sales by reportable segment is summarized as follows:

 

						Three months ended																								Constant Currency
						September 30,												Increase/(Decrease)												Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)						2020						2019						$ change						% change						$ change						% change
Titleist golf balls						$	170.1					$	120.9					$	49.2					40.7		%				$	48.5					40.1		%
Titleist golf clubs						120.8						126.8						(6.0)						(4.7)		%				(6.6)						(5.2)		%
Titleist golf gear						44.3						34.6						9.7						28.0		%				9.4						27.2		%
FootJoy golf wear						116.0						102.6						13.4						13.1		%				12.5						12.2		%

 

Segment operating income by reportable segment is summarized as follows:

 

						Three months ended
(in millions)						September 30,												Increase/(Decrease)
Segment operating income (loss)						2020						2019						$ change						% change
Titleist golf balls						$	47.7					$	17.8					$	29.9					168.0		%
Titleist golf clubs						19.2						20.1						(0.9)						(4.5)		%
Titleist golf gear						7.2						1.7						5.5						323.5		%
FootJoy golf wear						6.5						0.7						5.8						828.6		%

Net sales information by region is summarized as follows:

 

						Three months ended																								Constant Currency
						September 30,												Increase/(Decrease)												Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)						2020						2019						$ change						% change						$ change						% change
United States						$	271.3					$	215.7					$	55.6					25.8		%				$	55.6					25.8		%
EMEA (1)						65.4						55.7						9.7						17.4		%				7.6						13.6		%
Japan						42.3						55.2						(12.9)						(23.4)		%				(13.3)						(24.1)		%
Korea						61.5						55.7						5.8						10.4		%				5.8						10.4		%
Rest of world						42.4						34.9						7.5						21.5		%				7.5						21.5		%
Total net sales						$	482.9					$	417.2					$	65.7					15.7		%				$	63.2					15.1		%

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")

Net Sales

Net sales increased by $65.7 million, or 15.7%, to $482.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $417.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales increased by $63.2 million, or 15.1%, to $480.4 million. The increase in net sales on a constant currency basis was primarily driven by increased sales in Titleist golf balls, FootJoy golf wear and Titleist golf gear of $48.5 million, $12.5 million and $9.4 million, respectively, driven by sales volume increases across all categories as a result of a significant increase in rounds of play and related demand for golf related products. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $6.6 million in Titleist golf clubs primarily due to lower average selling prices and sales volumes of our TS metals, which were in their second model year, and lower sales volumes of hybrids and irons, partially offset by higher sales volumes of our SM8 wedges.

Net sales in the United States increased by $55.6 million, or 25.8%, to $271.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $215.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in net sales in the United States was primarily driven by an increase of $39.2 million in Titleist golf balls, an increase of $7.5 million in Titleist golf gear, an increase of $7.1 million in FootJoy golf wear and an increase of $1.9 million in Titleist golf clubs all driven by a significant increase in rounds of play and related demand for golf related products.

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Our sales in regions outside of the United States increased by $10.1 million, or 5.0%, to $211.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $201.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in regions outside of the United States increased by $7.6 million, or 3.8%, to $209.1 million. In EMEA, the increase in net sales was driven by increased sales across all segments. In Korea, the increase in net sales was primarily driven by increased sales in FootJoy golf wear, Titleist golf gear and Titleist golf balls. In Rest of world, the increase in net sales was primarily driven by increased sales of Titleist golf balls and Titleist golf clubs. Net sales decreased in Japan, primarily due to lower sales of Titleist golf clubs.

Gross Profit

Gross profit increased by $34.7 million to $252.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $217.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Gross margin increased to 52.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 52.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in gross profit resulted from an increase of $30.9 million in Titleist golf balls, an increase of $5.8 million in FootJoy golf wear and an increase of $5.5 million in Titleist golf gear, partially offset by a decrease of $9.8 million in Titleist golf clubs, each primarily due to the sales volume changes discussed above.

The increase in gross margin was primarily due to higher gross margins in Titleist golf balls due to a favorable product mix shift and in Titleist golf gear due to higher average selling prices, largely offset by a decrease in gross margin in Titleist golf clubs primarily as a result of lower gross margins on our TS metals, which were in their second model year, and higher inventory obsolescence.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses decreased by $5.2 million to $153.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $158.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease primarily resulted from a decrease of $5.9 million in advertising and promotional costs.

Research and Development

R&D expenses decreased by $2.1 million to $10.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $12.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily related to a reduction in employee related costs and experimental material expense.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense increased by $6.4 million to $14.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $7.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Our Effective Tax Rate ("ETR") was 18.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 20.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The change in the ETR was primarily driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our jurisdictional mix of earnings, as well as a reduction of income tax expense related to U.S. taxation of foreign earnings.

Net Income Attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.

Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. increased by $33.4 million to $63.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $29.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily as a result of an increase in income from operations, partially offset by an increase in income tax expense, as discussed above.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $43.4 million to $99.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $55.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to an increase in income from operations. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 20.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 13.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

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Segment Results

Titleist Golf Balls Segment

Net sales in our Titleist golf balls segment increased by $49.2 million, or 40.7%, to $170.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $120.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our Titleist golf balls segment increased by $48.5 million, or 40.1%, to $169.4 million. This increase was driven by higher sales volumes across all models, attributed to a significant increase in rounds of play and related demand for golf related products.

Titleist golf balls segment operating income increased by $29.9 million, or 168.0%, to $47.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $17.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in operating income resulted from higher gross profit of $30.9 million, primarily due to the sales volume increase and favorable product mix shift.

Titleist Golf Clubs Segment

Net sales in our Titleist golf clubs segment decreased by $6.0 million, or 4.7%, to $120.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $126.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our Titleist golf clubs segment decreased by $6.6 million, or 5.2%, to $120.2 million. This decrease was primarily due to lower sales of metals, hybrids and irons and was partially offset by higher sales volumes of our SM8 wedges introduced in the first quarter of 2020. Sales of metals were down as a result of lower average selling prices and sales volumes of our TS metals, which were in their second model year, and our decision to delay the launch of our new TSi metals based on market conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sales of hybrids and irons were down due to lower sales volumes in each category.

Titleist golf clubs segment operating income decreased by $0.9 million, or 4.5%, to $19.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $20.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in operating income resulted from lower gross profit of $9.8 million, largely offset by lower operating expenses. The decrease in gross profit was primarily due to the sales volume decrease discussed above, lower gross profit on our TS metals, which were in their second model year, and higher inventory obsolescence. Operating expenses decreased as a result of a $7.0 million decrease in advertising and promotional costs and a $1.3 million decrease in selling expense.

Titleist Golf Gear Segment

Net sales in our Titleist golf gear segment increased by $9.7 million, or 28.0%, to $44.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $34.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our Titleist golf gear segment increased by $9.4 million, or 27.2%, to $44.0 million. This increase was primarily driven by sales volume increases in our golf bags, golf gloves and headwear product categories.

Titleist golf gear segment operating income increased by $5.5 million, or 323.5%, to $7.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in operating income resulted from higher gross profit of $5.5 million due to higher sales volume and higher average selling prices across all product categories.

FootJoy Golf Wear Segment

Net sales in our FootJoy golf wear segment increased by $13.4 million, or 13.1%, to $116.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $102.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our FootJoy golf wear segment increased by $12.5 million, or 12.2%, to $115.1 million. This increase was primarily driven by sales volume increases in our golf gloves and footwear product categories.

FootJoy golf wear segment operating income increased by $5.8 million, to $6.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in operating income resulted from higher gross profit of $5.8 million as a result of the sales volume increase discussed above.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

Net sales by reportable segment is summarized as follows: 

						Nine months ended																								Constant Currency
						September 30,												Increase/(Decrease)												Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)						2020						2019						$ change						% change						$ change						% change
Titleist golf balls						$	388.5					$	435.9					$	(47.4)					(10.9)		%				$	(45.5)					(10.4)		%
Titleist golf clubs						286.4						325.1						(38.7)						(11.9)		%				(37.7)						(11.6)		%
Titleist golf gear						120.2						126.6						(6.4)						(5.1)		%				(5.4)						(4.3)		%
FootJoy golf wear						314.7						357.6						(42.9)						(12.0)		%				(41.3)						(11.5)		%

 

Segment operating income by reportable segment is summarized as follows: 

						Nine months ended
(in millions)						September 30,												Increase/(Decrease)
Segment operating income						2020						2019						$ change						% change
Titleist golf balls						$	61.0					$	75.5					$	(14.5)					(19.2)		%
Titleist golf clubs						21.3						26.6						(5.3)						(19.9)		%
Titleist golf gear						20.7						20.0						0.7						3.5		%
FootJoy golf wear						18.9						25.0						(6.1)						(24.4)		%

Net sales information by region is summarized as follows: 

						Nine months ended																								Constant Currency
						September 30,												Increase/(Decrease)												Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)						2020						2019						$ change						% change						$ change						% change
United States						$	627.5					$	702.3					$	(74.8)					(10.7)		%				$	(74.8)					(10.7)		%
EMEA						174.2						186.7						(12.5)						(6.7)		%				(12.1)						(6.5)		%
Japan						102.0						134.7						(32.7)						(24.3)		%				(34.3)						(25.5)		%
Korea						177.8						165.2						12.6						7.6		%				19.0						11.5		%
Rest of world						110.2						124.2						(14.0)						(11.3)		%				(12.0)						(9.7)		%
Total net sales						$	1,191.7					$	1,313.1					$	(121.4)					(9.2)		%				$	(114.2)					(8.7)		%

 

Net Sales

Net sales decreased by $121.4 million, or 9.2%, to $1,191.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $1,313.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales decreased by $114.2 million, or 8.7%, to $1,198.9 million. The decrease in net sales on a constant currency basis was due to decreases across all reportable segments primarily as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as previously described. The decrease in net sales was partially offset by results from KJUS.

Net sales in the United States decreased by $74.8 million, or 10.7%, to $627.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $702.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Overall, sales in the United States were lower as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Net sales were lower across all reportable segments, with Titleist golf balls sales down $28.9 million, Titleist golf clubs sales down $24.6 million, FootJoy golf wear sales down $24.1 million and Titleist golf gear sales down $2.3 million. The decrease in net sales was partially offset by results from KJUS.

Net sales in regions outside of the United States were also impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Net sales in regions outside of the United States decreased by $46.6 million, or 7.6%, to $564.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $610.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in such regions decreased by $39.4 million, or 6.5%, to $571.4 million. This decrease in net sales was due to decreases in sales volumes across all reportable segments, primarily as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in all regions except Korea. Korea net sales increased across all reportable segments. Additionally, results from KJUS partially offset declines in EMEA.

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Gross Profit

Gross profit decreased by $76.1 million to $609.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $685.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Gross margin decreased to 51.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 52.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in gross profit resulted from a decrease of $38.7 million in Titleist golf balls, a decrease of $26.1 million in Titleist golf clubs, a decrease of $18.6 million in FootJoy golf wear and a decrease of $2.6 million in Titleist golf gear, each primarily due to the sales volume declines discussed above. The remaining change in gross profit was primarily due to results from KJUS.

The decrease in gross margin was primarily driven by lower gross margins in Titleist golf balls and Titleist golf clubs. The Titleist golf ball segment experienced unfavorable manufacturing overhead absorption related to the temporary closure of our United States-based golf ball manufacturing facilities during the second quarter of 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in Titleist golf clubs was primarily due to an unfavorable product mix shift as a result of our decision to delay the launch of our new metals based on market conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and higher inventory obsolescence.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses decreased by $47.5 million to $437.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $484.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease primarily resulted from a decrease of $39.3 million in advertising and promotional costs and a decrease of $8.8 million in selling expense as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and expense reduction measures taken across all segments. Overall, SG&A included a $2.2 million favorable impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates across all expense categories and segments.

Research and Development

R&D expenses decreased by $3.4 million to $35.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $38.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 primarily resulting from expense reduction measures taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and a reduction in experimental material expense.

Intangible Amortization

Intangible amortization expense increased by $0.4 million to $5.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $5.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to KJUS.

Restructuring Charges

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $11.2 million in severance and other benefits expense related to our voluntary retirement program, as well as $2.0 million in severance and other benefits related to involuntary headcount reductions both associated with our restructuring program approved in the first quarter of 2020.

Interest Expense, net

    Interest expense, net decreased by $2.2 million to $12.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $14.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in interest rates and a decrease in borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, offset in part by an increase in interest rate swap loss.

Other Expense, net

Other expense, net increased by $6.8 million to $8.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This increase was primarily due to pension settlement costs of $5.1 million recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to lump-sum distributions to participants in our defined benefit plans as a result of the voluntary retirement program associated with management’s approved restructuring program.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense decreased by $15.0 million to $21.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $36.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Our ETR was 21.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 25.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The change in the ETR was primarily

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driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our jurisdictional mix of earnings, as well as discrete tax benefits related to both a reduction of foreign withholding taxes and U.S. taxation of foreign earnings, offset by a reduction in tax benefits related to share-based compensation expense.

Net Income Attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp.

Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. decreased by $28.8 million to $74.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $103.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily as a result of a decrease in income from operations, partially offset by a decrease in income tax expense, as discussed above.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA decreased by $10.5 million to $185.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $195.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to a decrease in income from operations. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 15.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 14.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Segment Results

Titleist Golf Balls Segment

Net sales in our Titleist golf balls segment decreased by $47.4 million, or 10.9%, to $388.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $435.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our Titleist golf balls segment decreased by $45.5 million, or 10.4%, to $390.4 million. This decrease resulted from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sales volumes across all models and regions, with the exception of Korea.

Titleist golf balls segment operating income decreased by $14.5 million, or 19.2%, to $61.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $75.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in operating income resulted from lower gross profit of $38.7 million, partially offset by lower operating expenses. The decrease in gross profit was primarily due to the sales decline discussed above and unfavorable manufacturing overhead absorption due to the closure of our United States-based golf ball manufacturing facilities during the second quarter of 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of a decrease in advertising and promotional costs of $16.3 million, a decrease in selling expense of $5.1 million and a decrease of $3.2 million in research and development costs.

Titleist Golf Clubs Segment

Net sales in our Titleist golf clubs segment decreased by $38.7 million, or 11.9%, to $286.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $325.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our Titleist golf clubs segment decreased by $37.7 million, or 11.6%, to $287.4 million. This decrease resulted from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sales volumes across all models, with the exception our SM8 wedges introduced in the first quarter of 2020, and all regions, with the exception of Korea and Rest of world.

Titleist golf clubs segment operating income decreased by $5.3 million, or 19.9%, to $21.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $26.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in operating income resulted from lower gross profit of $26.1 million as a result of the sales volume decrease discussed above, partially offset by lower operating expenses. Operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of a $13.3 million decrease in advertising and promotional costs and a $6.6 million decrease in selling expense.

Titleist Golf Gear Segment

Net sales in our Titleist golf gear segment decreased by $6.4 million, or 5.1%, to $120.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $126.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our Titleist golf gear segment decreased by $5.4 million, or 4.3%, to $121.2 million. This decrease resulted from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sales volumes primarily in our headwear and travel product categories, partially offset by higher average selling prices across all product categories..

Titleist golf gear segment operating income increased by $0.7 million, or 3.5%, to $20.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $20.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in operating income resulted from lower operating expenses, partially offset by lower gross profit. Operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of a $1.9 million decrease in advertising and promotional costs and a $1.4 million decrease in selling expense. Gross profit was $2.6 million lower primarily as a result of the sales volume decrease discussed above.

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FootJoy Golf Wear Segment

Net sales in our FootJoy golf wear segment decreased by $42.9 million, or 12.0%, to $314.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $357.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, net sales in our FootJoy golf wear segment decreased by $41.3 million, or 11.5%, to $316.3 million. This decrease resulted from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sales volumes primarily in our footwear and apparel product categories and all regions, with the exception of Korea.

FootJoy golf wear segment operating income decreased by $6.1 million, or 24.4%, to $18.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $25.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in operating income resulted from lower gross profit of $18.6 million as a result of the sales volume decrease discussed above, partially offset by lower operating expenses. Operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of a $7.9 million decrease in advertising and promotional costs and a $3.5 million decrease in selling expense.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary cash needs relate to working capital, capital expenditures, servicing of our debt, paying dividends, pension contributions and repurchasing shares of our common stock. We expect to rely on cash flows from operations and borrowings under our revolving credit facility and local credit facilities as our primary sources of liquidity.

Our liquidity is impacted by our level of working capital, which is cyclical as a result of the general seasonality of our business. Our accounts receivable balance is generally at its highest starting at the end of the first quarter and continuing through the second quarter, and declines during the third and fourth quarters as a result of both an increase in cash collections and lower sales. Our inventory balance also fluctuates as a result of the seasonality of our business. Generally, our buildup of inventory starts during the fourth quarter and continues through the first quarter and into the beginning of the second quarter in order to meet demand for our initial sell-in during the first quarter and reorders in the second quarter. Both accounts receivable and inventory balances are impacted by the timing of new product launches.

As of September 30, 2020, we had $110.5 million of unrestricted cash (including $7.6 million attributable to our FootJoy golf shoe variable interest entity). As of September 30, 2020, 83.2% of our total unrestricted cash was held at our non-U.S. subsidiaries. We manage our worldwide cash requirements by monitoring the funds available among our subsidiaries and determining the extent to which we can access those funds on a cost effective basis. We are not aware of any restrictions on repatriation of these funds and, subject to foreign withholding taxes, those funds could be repatriated, if necessary. We have repatriated, and intend to repatriate, funds to the United States from time to time to satisfy domestic liquidity needs arising in the ordinary course of business, including liquidity needs related to debt service requirements.

As noted previously, the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our results of operations for the first nine months of 2020. We have taken several steps to preserve our liquidity position and to manage cash flows on an ongoing basis. Subject to the length and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that cash expected to be provided by operating activities, together with our cash on hand and the availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility and our local credit facilities (subject to customary borrowing conditions) will be sufficient to meet our liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months. Our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations is, however, subject to many risks and uncertainties, including future economic trends and conditions, including the current COVID-19 pandemic, demand for our products, foreign currency exchange rates and other risks and uncertainties applicable to our business, as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and further updated in "Risk Factors," Item 1A of Part II included elsewhere in this report.

Debt and Financing Arrangements

As of September 30, 2020, we had $358.7 million of availability under our revolving credit facility after giving effect to $3.6 million of outstanding letters of credit. Additionally, we had $60.2 million available under our local credit facilities.

Our credit agreement contains customary affirmative and restrictive covenants, including, among others, financial covenants based on our leverage and interest coverage ratios. On July 3, 2020, we amended our credit agreement to, among other things, provide debt covenant relief for each of the fiscal quarters ending between September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2021. See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements-Note-4-Debt and Financing Arrangements,” Item 1 of Part I included elsewhere in this report for a description of our amended credit agreement. The credit agreement also includes customary events of default, the occurrence of which, following any applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the principal, accrued interest and other obligations to be immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2020, we were in compliance with all covenants under the credit agreement.

See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements-Note-10-Debt and Financing Arrangements” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 for a further description of our credit facilities. Additionally, see "Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Indebtedness" as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and "Risk Factors," Item 1A of Part II included elsewhere in this report for further discussion surrounding the risks and uncertainties of our credit facilities.

Capital Expenditures

We made $15.4 million of capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily related to investments to support the manufacturing and distribution of products, our go to market activities and continued investments in information technology to support our global strategic initiatives. We reduced our capital expenditures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and expect 2020 full year capital expenditures to be less than in 2019.

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Dividends and Share Repurchase Program

The Board of Directors has authorized us to repurchase up to an aggregate of $100.0 million of our issued and outstanding common stock. Share repurchases may be effected from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions, including transactions with affiliates, with the timing of purchases and the amount of stock purchased generally determined at our discretion consistent with our general working capital needs and within the constraints of our credit agreement. This program will remain in effect until completed or until terminated by the Board of Directors. In connection with this share repurchase program, we entered into an agreement with Magnus Holdings Co., Ltd. (“Magnus”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Fila Holdings Co., to purchase from Magnus an equal amount of our common stock as we purchase on the open market, up to an aggregate of $24.9 million, at the same weighted average per share price.

In April 2020, we temporarily suspended stock repurchases under our share repurchase program in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to this, we repurchased 243,894 shares of common stock on the open market at an average price of $28.60 for an aggregate of $7.0 million during 2020. As a result of these purchases, we recorded an additional liability to repurchase additional shares of common stock from Magnus of $7.0 million (243,894 shares of common stock) bringing the total liability to $8.8 million (299,894 shares of common stock) as of September 30, 2020. Excluding the impact of the share repurchase liability, as of September 30, 2020, we had $63.7 million remaining under the current share repurchase program, including $11.1 million related to the Magnus share repurchase agreement. We have the ability to resume repurchases in our discretion.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we paid dividends on our common stock of $34.6 million to our shareholders. During the fourth quarter of 2020, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.155 per share of common stock to shareholders of record as of December 4, 2020 and payable on December 18, 2020.

Cash Flows

The following table presents the major components of net cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the periods indicated:

						Nine months ended
						September 30,
(in thousands)						2020						2019
Cash flows provided by (used in):
Operating activities						$	167,111					$	94,931
Investing activities						(15,387)						(46,270)
Financing activities						(74,647)						(24,758)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and restricted cash						1,342						(710)
Net increase in cash and restricted cash						$	78,419					$	23,193

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $167.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $94.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, an increase in cash provided by operating activities of $72.2 million. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by changes in working capital offset in part by a decrease in net income primarily due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Working capital at any specific point in time is subject to many variables including seasonality and inventory management, the timing of cash receipts and payments, vendor payment terms, and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities    

Net cash used in investing activities was $15.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $46.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, a decrease in cash used in investing activities of $30.9 million. This decrease relates to a decrease in cash used for business acquisitions.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $74.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $24.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, an increase in cash used in financing activities of $49.8 million. This increase was primarily due to a decrease in net proceeds from borrowings, offset in part by a decrease in payments for employee restricted stock tax withholdings.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2020, other than as discussed above, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

Critical Accounting Estimates

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates from the information provided in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for recently issued accounting standards, including the dates of adoption and estimated effects on our consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 3.      Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to various market risks, which may result in potential losses arising from adverse changes in market rates, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices, as well as inflation risk. We do not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes and do not believe we are exposed to material market risk with respect to our cash and cash equivalents.

COVID-19 Pandemic

Uncertainty with respect to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced significant volatility in the financial markets and has impacted interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be fluid and uncertain, making it difficult to forecast the ultimate impact it could have on our future operations.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to interest rate risk under our various credit facilities, which accrue interest at variable rates. Interest rate risk is highly sensitive due to many factors, including U.S. monetary and tax policies, U.S. and international economic factors and other factors beyond our control. We are exposed to changes in the level of interest rates and to changes in the relationship or spread between interest rates for our floating rate debt. Our floating rate debt requires payments based on a variable interest rate index such as LIBOR. The LIBOR rate, on which the Eurodollar Rate is based, is expected to be discontinued by the end of 2021. The credit agreement permits us to agree with the administrative agent for the credit facility on a replacement benchmark rate subject to certain conditions (including that a majority of the lenders do not object to such replacement rate within a specified period of time following notice thereof from the administrative agent). Increases in interest rates may reduce our net income by increasing the cost of our debt.

During 2018, we entered into interest rate swap contracts to reduce our interest rate risk. Under these contracts, we pay fixed and receive variable rate interest, in effect converting a portion of our floating rate debt to fixed rate debt. As of September 30, 2020, the notional value of our outstanding interest rate swap contracts was $140.0 million. See "Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement-Note-5-Derivative Financial Instruments" for further discussion of our interest rate swap contracts.

We performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the potential effect of a hypothetical movement in interest rates on our pre-tax interest expense. As of September 30, 2020, we had $237.3 million of outstanding indebtedness at variable interest rates (excluding unamortized debt issuance costs) after giving effect to $140.0 million of hedged floating rate indebtedness. The sensitivity analysis, while not predictive in nature, indicated that a one percentage point increase in the interest rate applied to these borrowings as of September 30, 2020 would have resulted in an increase of $2.4 million in our annual pre-tax interest expense.

Foreign Exchange Risk

We are exposed to foreign currency transaction risk related to transactions denominated in a currency other than functional currency. In addition, we are exposed to currency translation risk resulting from the translation of the financial results of our consolidated subsidiaries from their functional currency into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes.

We use financial instruments to reduce the earnings and shareholders' equity volatility relating to transaction risk. The principal financial instruments we enter into on a routine basis are foreign exchange forward contracts, primarily pertaining to the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen, the British pound sterling, the Canadian dollar, the Korean won and the euro. The periods of the foreign exchange forward contracts designated as hedges correspond to the periods of the forecasted hedged transactions, which do not exceed 24 months subsequent to the latest balance sheet date. See "Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements-Note-5-Derivative Financial Instruments" for further discussion of our foreign currency derivative instruments.

We performed a sensitivity analysis to assess potential changes in the fair value of our foreign exchange forward contracts relating to a hypothetical movement in foreign currency exchange rates. The gross U.S. dollar equivalent notional amount of all foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding at September 30, 2020 was $260.4 million, representing a net settlement liability of $0.3 million. The sensitivity analysis of changes in the fair value of our foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2020, while not predictive in nature, indicated that the net settlement liability of $0.3 million would increase by $20.5 million resulting in a net settlement liability of $20.8 million, if the U.S. dollar uniformly weakened by 10% against all currencies covered by our contracts.

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The sensitivity analysis described above recalculates the fair value of the foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding by replacing the actual foreign currency exchange rates and current month forward rates with foreign currency exchange rates and forward rates that reflect a 10% weakening of the U.S. dollar against all currencies covered by our contracts. All other factors are held constant. The sensitivity analysis disregards the possibility that currency exchange rates can move in opposite directions and that gains from one currency may or may not be offset by losses from another currency. The analysis also disregards the offsetting change in value of the underlying hedged transactions and balances.

The financial markets and currency volatility may limit our ability to cost-effectively hedge these exposures. The counterparties to derivative contracts are major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings. We monitor the credit quality of these financial institutions on an ongoing basis.

Commodity Price Risk

We are exposed to commodity price risk with respect to certain materials and components used by us, our suppliers and our manufacturers, including polybutadiene, urethane and Surlyn for the manufacturing of our golf balls, titanium and steel for the assembly of our golf clubs, leather and synthetic fabrics for our golf shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf apparel, and resin and other petroleum-based materials for a number of our products.

Impact of Inflation

Our results of operations and financial condition are presented based on historical cost. While it is difficult to accurately measure the impact of inflation due to the imprecise nature of the estimates required, we believe the effects of inflation, if any, on our results of operations and financial condition have traditionally been immaterial. However, due to the uncertainty that exists with respect to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows could be materially impacted.

ITEM 4.      Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many of our employees began working remotely in March 2020 and continue to do so. This change to our working environment did not have a material effect on our internal controls over financial reporting during the most recent quarter. We will continue to monitor and assess any impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic on our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II.         OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.      Legal Proceedings

We are defendants in lawsuits associated with the normal conduct of our businesses and operations. It is not possible to predict the outcome of the pending actions, and, as with any litigation, it is possible that some of these actions could be decided unfavorably.

Item 1A.      Risk Factors

The following is an update to the risk factors included in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been, and could continue to be, negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic, and the various governmental, industry and consumer actions taken in response thereto, have impacted and could continue to impact our business. These impacts have included significant decreases in demand for our products; temporary closure of golf courses, including on-course retail pro shops; the temporary closure of off-course retail partner locations; cancellation of professional golf tour events; changes in consumer behavior in affected regions that restrict recreational activities and discretionary spending; significant disruptions in or closures of our manufacturing operations or those of our suppliers; disruptions within our supply chain restricting our ability to import products or obtain the necessary raw materials or components to make products; limitations on our employees’ and consumers’ ability to work and travel; restrictions on public gatherings; potential financial difficulties of customers and suppliers; significant changes in economic or political conditions; and related volatility in financial and market conditions.

Given the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic situation, we cannot predict the full extent the impact of this pandemic and actions being taken worldwide to address it will have on the economy, trade, our business and the businesses of our customers and suppliers. While it is impossible to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, business disruptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to have a material impact on our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows. The degree to which the COVID-19 pandemic and related actions ultimately impact our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows will depend on factors beyond our control, including the spread, severity and duration of the pandemic; the actions taken to contain the spread of COVID-19, including any additional government-ordered shutdowns; the pandemic's impact on the global economy and demand for our products; and to what extent and how quickly normal economic and operating conditions resume. Although we have seen recovery in the geographic regions where we do business, if those regions fail to fully contain the COVID-19 pandemic or the spread of the virus continues, those markets may not recover as quickly or at all. A prolonged decline in general economic conditions or uncertainties regarding future economic prospects as a result of the pandemic could adversely affect consumer confidence and discretionary spending, which in turn could result in further reduced sales of our products and could materially adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Furthermore, you should carefully consider each of the risk factors as described in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, one or more of which may be precipitated or exacerbated by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including risks relating to changes in consumer spending habits, our level of indebtedness, our need to generate sufficient cash flows to service our indebtedness, our ability to comply with the covenants contained in the agreements that govern our indebtedness, availability of adequate capital and our ability to pay dividends on our common stock.

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ITEM 2.      Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information relating to the Company’s purchase of common stock for the third quarter of 2020:

Period						Total number of shares purchased						Average price paid per share						Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs						Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (1)(2)(3)  (in thousands)
July 1, 2020 - July 31, 2020						—						$	—					—						$	63,672
August 1, 2020 - August 31, 2020						—						—						—						63,672
September 1, 2020 - September 30, 2020						—						—						—						63,672
Total						—						$	—					—						$	63,672

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)    Our Board of Directors has authorized us to repurchase up to an aggregate of $100.0 million of our issued and outstanding common stock. In connection with this share repurchase program, we entered into an agreement with Magnus Holdings Co., Ltd. (“Magnus”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Fila Holdings Co., to purchase from Magnus an equal amount of our common stock as we purchase on the open market up to an aggregate of $24.9 million at the same weighted average per share price. In relation to the Magnus share repurchase agreement, during the three months ended September 30, 2020 we recorded no additional liability for shares of common stock to be repurchased from Magnus. The repurchase program will remain in effect until completed or until terminated by the Board of Directors.

(2)    Includes $11.1 million related to the Magnus share repurchase agreement. See “Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements-Note 9-Common Stock,” Item 1 of Part I, included elsewhere in this report, for disclosures related to the Magnus share repurchase agreement.

(3)    In April 2020, we temporarily suspended stock repurchases under our share repurchase program in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. We have the ability to resume repurchases in our discretion.

ITEM 3.      Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

ITEM 4.      Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

ITEM 5.      Other Information

None.

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ITEM 6.      Exhibits

Exhibit No.						Description
31.1						Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).
31.2						Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).
32.1						Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
32.2						Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
101.SCH						Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

    Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

			ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.
Dated: November 6, 2020			By:			/s/ David Maher
						David Maher
						President and Chief Executive Officer
						(Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: November 6, 2020			By:			/s/ Thomas Pacheco
						Thomas Pacheco
						Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer
						(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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