AgeX Therapeutics, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

OR

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 1-38519

AgeX Therapeutics, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

1101 Marina Village Parkway, Suite 201

Alameda, California 94501

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

(510) 671-8370

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

The number of shares common stock outstanding as of August 05, 2022 was 37,945,108 , par value $0.0001 per share.

PART 1 — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

This Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”) contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. We make such forward-looking statements pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other federal securities laws. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Report are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of these words or other comparable terminology.

Any forward-looking statements in this Report reflect our current views with respect to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among other things, those discussed in this Report under Item 1 of the Notes to Condensed Financial Statements, under Risk Factors in this Report and those listed under Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on March 29, 2022. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future.

References to “AgeX,” “our” or “we” mean AgeX Therapeutics, Inc.

The description or discussion, in this Form 10-Q, of any contract or agreement is a summary only and is qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of the applicable contract or agreement.

Disposition and deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences, Inc. effective March 15, 2021

On March 6, 2021, AgeX and its majority-owned subsidiary LifeMap Sciences, Inc. (“LifeMap Sciences”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Atlas Capital Partners Limited, a British Virgin Islands company limited by shares (“Atlas”), and GCLMS Acquisition Corporation (“GCLMS”), a Delaware corporation that was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Atlas. On March 15, 2021, the merger was completed pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement. As a result of the merger, GCLMS merged into LifeMap Sciences and (a) the shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock outstanding at the time of the merger entitled the holders of those shares to receive a pro rata portion of a $500,000 cash payment for all shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock in the aggregate (the “Merger Consideration”), with each LifeMap Sciences shareholder’s pro rata portion of the Merger Consideration to be determined in accordance with the number of shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock owned by such shareholder as a percentage of shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock outstanding immediately before the effective date of the merger, and (b) the outstanding shares of GCLMS common stock were converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock so that Atlas is now the sole shareholder of LifeMap Sciences.

AgeX received approximately $466,400 in cash as its pro rata share of the Merger Consideration in the merger. Prior to and as a condition to the merger under the terms of the Merger Agreement, $1,761,296 of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX was converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock. LifeMap Sciences also paid AgeX $250,000 in cash to pay off a portion of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX that was not converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock.

The results of operations and cash flows for LifeMap Sciences are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented in our consolidated financial statements.

As a result of the completion of the cash-out merger on March 15, 2021, LifeMap Sciences is no longer a subsidiary of AgeX. Effective March 15, 2021, AgeX deconsolidated LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated financial statements and consolidated results of operations from those of AgeX under applicable accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America due to the disposition of LifeMap Sciences on that date.

The sale of LifeMap Sciences was a taxable transaction to AgeX; however, no income tax is due as the transaction resulted in a taxable loss primarily due to AgeX’s tax basis in the subsidiary.

AgeX’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2021 and unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2022 do not include LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated assets and liabilities due to the deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences on March 15, 2021.

AgeX’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 include LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated results for the period through March 15, 2021 rather than the day immediately preceding the deconsolidation due to the conversion of $1,761,296 of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock on March 15, 2021 followed by the completion of the cash-out merger on the same day.

The deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences is also referred to as the “LifeMap Deconsolidation” in this Report.

For further discussion, see Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this report.

Item 1. Financial Statements

AGEX THERAPEUTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except par value amounts)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

AGEX THERAPEUTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

AGEX THERAPEUTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(in thousands)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

AGEX THERAPEUTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

AGEX THERAPEUTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. Organization, Business Overview and Liquidity

AgeX Therapeutics, Inc. (“AgeX”) was incorporated in January 2017 in the state of Delaware as a subsidiary of Lineage Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (“Lineage,” formerly known as BioTime, Inc.), a publicly traded, clinical-stage biotechnology company.

AgeX is a biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of novel therapeutics targeting human aging and degenerative diseases. AgeX’s mission is to apply its comprehensive experience in fundamental biological processes of human aging to a broad range of age-associated medical conditions.

AgeX’s proprietary technology, based on telomerase-mediated cellular immortality and regenerative biology, allows AgeX to utilize telomerase-expressing regenerative pluripotent stem cells (“PSCs”) for the manufacture of cell-based therapies to regenerate tissues afflicted with age-related chronic degenerative disease. AgeX’s main technology platforms and product candidates are:

Emerging Growth Company

AgeX is an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012.

Disposition and Deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences

As discussed in Note 3, on March 6, 2021, AgeX and its then majority-owned subsidiary LifeMap Sciences, Inc. (“LifeMap Sciences”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Atlas Capital Partners Limited, a British Virgin Islands company limited by shares (“Atlas”), and GCLMS Acquisition Corporation (“GCLMS”), a Delaware corporation that was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Atlas. On March 15, 2021, the merger was completed pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement. As a result of the merger, GCLMS merged into LifeMap Sciences and (a) the shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock outstanding at the time of the merger entitled the holders of those shares to receive a pro rata portion of a $500,000 cash payment for all shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock in the aggregate (the “Merger Consideration”), with each LifeMap Sciences shareholder’s pro rata portion of the Merger Consideration to be determined in accordance with the number of shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock owned by such shareholder as a percentage of shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock outstanding immediately before the effective date of the merger, and (b) the outstanding shares of GCLMS common stock were converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock so that Atlas is now the sole shareholder of LifeMap Sciences.

AgeX received approximately $466,400 in cash as its pro rata share of the Merger Consideration in the merger. Prior to and as a condition to the merger under the terms of the Merger Agreement, $1,761,296 of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX was converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock. LifeMap Sciences also paid AgeX $250,000 in cash to pay off a portion of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX that was not converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock.

As a result of the completion of the cash-out merger on March 15, 2021, LifeMap Sciences is no longer a subsidiary of AgeX. Accordingly, AgeX has deconsolidated LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated financial statements and consolidated results of operations from AgeX, effective March 15, 2021 (the “LifeMap Deconsolidation”), in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC 810-10-40, Consolidation. See Note 3 to AgeX’s condensed consolidated interim financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding the disposition and deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences.

Going Concern

AgeX primarily finances its operations through loans from its largest stockholder Juvenescence Limited (“Juvenescence”) and sales of its common stock. AgeX has incurred operating losses and negative cash flows since inception and had an accumulated deficit of $111.1 million as of June 30, 2022. AgeX expects to continue to incur operating losses and negative cash flows.

Based on a strategic review of its operations, giving consideration to the status of its product development programs, human resources, capital needs and resources, and current conditions in the capital markets, AgeX’s board of directors and management have adopted operating plans and budgets to extend the period over which AgeX can continue its operations with its available cash resources. Notwithstanding those operating plans and budgets, based on AgeX’s most recent projected cash flows AgeX believes that its cash and cash equivalents of $0.7 million as of June 30, 2022 plus the loan facilities provided by Juvenescence to advance up to an additional $3.0 million to AgeX as of June 30, 2022 as discussed in Note 5, and the proceeds we may receive from the sale of additional shares of our common stock in “at-the-market” transactions through a Sales Agreement with Chardan Capital, LLC (“Chardan”) as a sales agent, would not be sufficient to satisfy AgeX’s anticipated operating and other funding requirements for the next twelve months from the issuance of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements. These conditions raise substantial doubt about AgeX’s ability to continue as a going concern. AgeX will need to obtain substantial additional funding in connection with its continuing operations.

Staff Reductions and Elimination of Laboratory Facilities Lease

During April 2020, AgeX initiated staff layoffs that affected most of its research and development personnel. The staff reductions followed AgeX’s strategic review of its operations, giving consideration to the status of its product development programs, human resources, capital needs and resources, and the conditions in the capital markets at that time resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the staff reductions, AgeX subleased out a significant portion of its leased laboratory space and did not renew its lease or enter into a new lease for a replacement facility when its lease expired on December 31, 2020. Instead, AgeX entered into a lease for a smaller office only space commencing January 1, 2021.

Liquidity and Impact of COVID-19

In addition to general economic and capital market trends and conditions, AgeX’s ability to raise sufficient additional capital to finance its operations from time to time will depend on a number of factors specific to AgeX’s operations such as operating expenses and progress in out-licensing its technologies and development of its product candidates. Although AgeX has been able to reduce its operating expenses by eliminating internal research and development activities and focusing instead on out-sourcing research and development and seeking licensing arrangements for AgeX technologies, this approach has also made it more difficult for AgeX to make progress in developing its target product candidates and technologies, which in turn may make it more difficult for AgeX to raise capital. The availability of financing also may be adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic which could depress national and international economies and disrupt capital markets, supply chains, and aspects of AgeX’s operations. The extent to which the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic will ultimately impact AgeX’s business, results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows is highly uncertain and difficult to predict because it will depend on many factors that are outside AgeX’s control. The unavailability or inadequacy of financing to meet future capital needs could force AgeX to modify, curtail, delay, or suspend some or all aspects of planned operations. Sales of additional equity securities could result in the dilution of the interests of its stockholders. AgeX cannot assure that adequate financing will be available on favorable terms, if at all.

2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements presented herein, and discussed below, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. In accordance with those rules and regulations certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in comprehensive consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in AgeX’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of AgeX’s financial condition and results of operations. The condensed consolidated results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year.

Principles of consolidation

AgeX’s condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of its subsidiaries and certain research and development departments. AgeX consolidated its direct and indirect wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries because AgeX has the ability to control their operating and financial decisions and policies through its ownership, and the noncontrolling interest is reflected as a separate element of stockholders’ deficit on AgeX’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

AgeX’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2021 and unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2022 do not include LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated assets and liabilities due to the deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences on March 15, 2021. LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated financial statements and consolidated results of operations include its wholly-owned and consolidated subsidiary LifeMap Sciences, Ltd.

AgeX’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 include LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated results for the period through March 15, 2021 rather than the day immediately preceding the deconsolidation due to the conversion of $1,761,296 of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock on March 15, 2021 followed by the completion of the cash-out merger on the same day.

AgeX has two operating subsidiaries, Reverse Bioengineering, Inc. (“Reverse Bio”) and ReCyte Therapeutics, Inc. (“ReCyte”). Reverse Bio is a wholly owned subsidiary of AgeX. AgeX plans to finance its iTR^TM research and development through Reverse Bio. To the extent that such financing is obtained through the sale of capital stock or other equity securities to investors or other biopharma companies by Reverse Bio, AgeX’s equity interest in Reverse Bio and its iTR^TM business would be diluted. ReCyte is an early stage pre-clinical research and development company involved in stem cell-derived endothelial and cardiovascular related progenitor cells for the treatment of vascular disorders and ischemic conditions. AgeX owns 94.8% of the outstanding capital stock of ReCyte. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates. See Note 6 for discussion on estimated unrealized loss on change in fair value of warrant liability.

Fair value measurements of financial instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of the financial statement presentation date.

The carrying value of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, are carried at, or approximate, fair value as of the reporting date because of their short-term nature. The credit facility is reported at fair value as it bears market rates of interest. Fair values for the AgeX’s warrant liabilities are estimated by utilizing valuation models that consider current and expected stock prices, volatility, dividends, market interest rates, forward yield curves and discount rates. Such amounts and the recognition of such amounts are subject to significant estimates that may change in the future.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value (ASC 820-10-50), Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures:

The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level as of June 30, 2022 for liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

 Schedule of Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

There were no warrant liabilities as of December 31, 2021.

In determining fair value, AgeX utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible, and also considers counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value. For the periods presented, AgeX has no financial assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, except for cash and cash equivalents primarily consisting of money market funds. These assets are measured at fair value using the period-end quoted market prices as a Level 1 input.

The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, net, prepaid expenses and other current assets, related party amounts due to affiliates, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other current liabilities approximate fair values because of the short-term nature of these items.

The accounting guidance establishes a hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of quoted market prices and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. An asset or liability’s level is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Fair value estimates are reviewed at the origination date and again at each applicable measurement date and interim or annual financial reporting dates, as applicable for the financial instrument, and are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management at those times.

The methods and significant inputs and assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the warrant liabilities, as well as the respective hierarchy designations are discussed further in Note 6 “Warrant Liability”. The warrant liability measurement is considered a Level 3 measurement based on the availability of market data and inputs and the significance of any unobservable inputs as of the measurement date.

Restricted cash

In accordance with ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, a reconciliation of AgeX’s cash and cash equivalents in the condensed consolidated balance sheets to cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for all periods presented is as follows (in thousands):

Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash 

Restricted cash entirely represents the deposit required to maintain AgeX’s corporate credit card program. All restricted cash was included in deposits in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Leases

AgeX accounts for leases in accordance with ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842, “ASC 842”) and its subsequent amendments affecting AgeX: (i) ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases, and (ii) ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted improvements, using the modified retrospective method. AgeX management determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases are classified as either financing or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the consolidated statements of operations. When determining whether a lease is a financing lease or an operating lease, ASC 842 does not specifically define criteria to determine “major part of remaining economic life of the underlying asset” and “substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset.” For lease classification determination, AgeX continues to use (i) 75% or greater to determine whether the lease term is a major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset and (ii) 90% or greater to determine whether the present value of the sum of lease payments is substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset. Under the available practical expedients, and as applicable, AgeX accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. AgeX recognizes right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms greater than twelve months in the consolidated balance sheet.

ROU assets represent an entity’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent an entity’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. If the lease agreement does not provide an implicit rate in the contract, an entity uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the entity will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. AgeX does not capitalize leases that have terms of twelve months or less.

On November 3, 2020, AgeX entered into a one year lease effective January 1, 2021 for office space only comprising 135 square feet in a building in an office and research park at 1101 Marina Village Parkway, Suite 201, Alameda, California. Base monthly rent was $947 over the lease term. AgeX has elected to not apply the recognition requirements under ASC 842 and instead recognizes the lease payments as lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term as lease payments are not deemed material. AgeX has renewed this lease for another 12 months effective January 1, 2022 for base monthly rent of $1,074. AgeX has elected to not apply the recognition requirements under ASC 842 for the renewed lease agreement under the guidance for similar reasons aforementioned.

Accounting for warrants

AgeX determines the accounting classification of warrants it issues, as either liability or equity, by first assessing whether the warrants meet liability classification in accordance with ASC 480-10, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity, then in accordance with ASC 815-40, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock. Under ASC 480, warrants are considered liability classified if the warrants are mandatorily redeemable, obligate AgeX to settle the warrants or the underlying shares by paying cash or other assets, or warrants that must or may require settlement by issuing a variable number of shares. If warrants do not meet liability classification under ASC 480-10, AgeX assesses the requirements under ASC 815-40, which states that contracts that require or may require the issuer to settle the contract for cash are liabilities recorded at fair value, irrespective of the likelihood of the transaction occurring that triggers the net cash settlement feature. If the warrants do not require liability classification under ASC 815-40, and in order to conclude equity classification, AgeX also assesses whether the warrants are indexed to its common stock and whether the warrants are classified as equity under ASC 815-40 or other applicable U.S. GAAP. After all relevant assessments, AgeX concludes whether the warrants are classified as liability or equity. Liability classified warrants require fair value accounting at issuance and subsequent to initial issuance with all changes in fair value after the issuance date recorded in the statements of operations. Equity classified warrants only require fair value accounting at issuance with no changes recognized subsequent to the issuance date. AgeX has liability classified warrants as of June 30, 2022. See Notes 5 and 6 for additional information regarding warrants.

Revenue recognition

AgeX recognizes revenue in a manner that depicts the transfer of control of a product or a service to a customer and reflects the amount of the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for such product or service. In doing so, AgeX follows a five-step approach: (i) identify the contract with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the customer obtains control of the product or service. AgeX considers the terms of a contract and all relevant facts and circumstances when applying the revenue recognition standard. AgeX applies the revenue recognition standard, including the use of any practical expedients, consistently to contracts with similar characteristics and in similar circumstances.

Subscription and advertisement revenues – LifeMap Sciences sold subscription-based products, including research databases and software tools, for biomedical, gene, and disease research. LifeMap Sciences sold these subscriptions primarily through the internet to biotech and pharmaceutical companies worldwide. LifeMap Sciences’ principal subscription product was the GeneCards^® Suite, which includes the GeneCards^® human gene database, and the MalaCards™ human disease database. LifeMap Sciences’ performance obligations for subscriptions included a license of intellectual property related to its genetic information packages and premium genetic information tools. These licenses were deemed functional licenses that provide customers with a “right to access” to LifeMap Sciences’ intellectual property during the subscription period and, accordingly, revenue was recognized over a period of time, which was generally the subscription period. Payments were typically received at the beginning of a subscription period and revenue was recognized according to the type of subscription sold. For subscription contracts in which the subscription term commenced before a payment was due, LifeMap Sciences recorded an account receivable because the subscription was earned over time and billed the customer according to the contract terms. LifeMap Sciences deferred subscription revenues primarily represented subscriptions for which cash payment was received for the subscription term, but the subscription term was not completed as of the balance sheet date reported.

LifeMap Sciences licensed from third parties the databases and software it commercialized and had a contractual obligation to pay royalties to the licensor on subscriptions sold. These costs were included in operating loss from discontinued operations on the consolidated statements of operations when the cash was received and the royalty obligation was incurred as the royalty payments did not qualify for capitalization of costs to fulfill a contract under ASC 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs - Contracts with Customers.

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, LifeMap Sciences recognized $267,000 in subscription and advertisement revenues which are included in operating loss from discontinued operations. The LifeMap Sciences revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2021 are for revenues earned through March 15, 2021. No subscription and advertisement revenues were recognized for the three months ended June 30, 2021. As a result of the LifeMap Deconsolidation, AgeX does not expect to earn subscription and advertising revenues in subsequent accounting periods. See Note 3 for further information on the disposition and deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences.

Grant revenues – AgeX accounts for grants received to perform research and development services in accordance with ASC 730-20, Research and Development Arrangements. At the inception of the grant, we perform an assessment as to whether the grant is a liability or a contract to perform research and development services for others. If AgeX or a subsidiary receiving the grant is obligated to repay the grant funds to the grantor regardless of the outcome of the research and development activities, then AgeX is required to estimate and recognize that liability. Alternatively, if AgeX or a subsidiary receiving the grant is not required to repay, or if it is required to repay the grant funds only if the research and development activities are successful, then the grant agreement is accounted for as a contract to perform research and development services for others, in which case, grant revenue is recognized when the related research and development expenses are incurred.

In applying the provisions of Topic 606, AgeX has determined that government grants are out of the scope of Topic 606 because the government entities do not meet the definition of a “customer”, as defined by Topic 606, as there is not considered to be a transfer of control of good or services to the government entities funding the grant. In the absence of applicable guidance under U.S. GAAP, our policy is to recognize grant revenue when the related costs are incurred, provided that the applicable conditions under the government contracts have been met. Only costs that are allowable under the grant award, certain government regulations and the National Institutes of Health’s supplemental policy and procedure manual may be claimed for reimbursement, and the reimbursements are subject to routine audits from governmental agencies from time to time. Costs incurred are recorded in research and development expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

On April 8, 2020, AgeX was awarded a grant of up to approximately $386,000 from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”). The NIH grant provided funding for continued development of AgeX’s technologies for treating stroke. The grant funds were made available by the NIH to AgeX as allowable expenses are incurred. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, AgeX incurred approximately $11,000 and $57,000, respectively, of allowable expenses under the NIH grant and recognized a corresponding amount of grant revenues. AgeX recognized no grant revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 as AgeX had expended the full amount available under this grant as of December 31, 2021.

ESI BIO Research Products - AgeX, through its ESI BIO research product division, markets a number of products related to human pluripotent stem cells (“PSC lines”), including research-grade PSC lines and PSC lines produced under current good manufacturing practices or “cGMP”. AgeX offers cells from PSC lines to customers under contracts that permit the customers to utilize PSC lines for the research, development, and commercialization of cell-based therapies or other products in defined fields of application. The compensation to AgeX for providing the PSC line cells under such contracts may include up-front payments, milestone payments related to product development, regulatory matters, and commercialization, and the payment of royalties on sales of products developed from AgeX PSC lines.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, AgeX recognized $12,000 and $17,000, respectively from the sale of research products. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, AgeX recognized $26,000 and $36,000, respectively from the sale of research products. Revenues from the sale of research products are included in other revenues.

Arrangements with multiple performance obligations – AgeX may enter into contracts with customers that include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, AgeX will allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. AgeX will determine or estimate standalone selling prices based on the prices charged, or that would be charged, to customers for that product or service. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, AgeX did not have significant arrangements with multiple performance obligations.

Research and development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel costs and related benefits, including stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, outside consultants and contractors, sponsored research agreements with certain universities, and suppliers, and license fees paid to third parties to acquire patents or licenses to use patents and other technology. Research and development expenses incurred and reimbursed by grants from third parties or governmental agencies if any and as applicable, approximate the respective revenues recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and related benefits, including stock-based compensation, for executive and corporate personnel, and professional and consulting fees.

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to AgeX common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, net of unvested restricted stock or restricted stock units, subject to repurchase by AgeX, if any, during the period. Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to AgeX common stockholders, if any, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, adjusted for the effects of potentially dilutive common stock issuable under outstanding stock options, warrants, and restricted stock units, using the treasury-stock method, and convertible preferred stock, if any, using the if-converted method, and treasury stock held by subsidiaries, if any.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, because AgeX reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders, all potentially dilutive common stock, comprised of stock options, restricted stock units and warrants, is antidilutive.

The following weighted average common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share of common stock for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive (unaudited and in thousands):

 Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period’s condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to current year presentation in the investing and financing activities section in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. Certain financial information is presented on a rounded basis, which may cause minor differences.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncement

In May 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The amendment in this update addresses how an issuer should account for modifications made to equity-classified written call options. The guidance in the standard requires the issuer to treat a modification of an equity-classified call option that does not cause the instrument to become liability-classified as an exchange of the original call option for a new call option. This guidance applies whether the modification is structured as an amendment to the terms and conditions of the call option or as termination of the original call option and issuance of a new call option. The Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) concluded that the recognition of the modification depends on the nature of the transaction in which a warrant is modified. If there is more than one element in a transaction (for example, if the modification involves both a debt modification and an equity issuance), then the guidance requires the issuer to allocate the effect of the option modification to each element. Amendments in the new standard are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity should apply the amendments prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity elects to early adopt the amendments in this ASU in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. AgeX adopted this standard as of January 1, 2022 and it did not have a material impact on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance. The amendments in this update require disclosures about transactions with a government that have been accounted for by analogizing to a grant or contribution accounting model to increase transparency about (1) the types of transactions, (2) the accounting for the transactions, and (3) the effect of the transactions on an entity’s financial statements. The amendments are effective for all entities within their scope, which excludes not-for-profit entities and employee benefit plans, for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Early application of the amendment is permitted. AgeX adopted this standard as of January 1, 2022 and it did not have a material impact on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

The recently issued accounting pronouncements applicable to AgeX that are not yet effective should be read in conjunction with the recently issued accounting pronouncements, as applicable and disclosed in AgeX’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments and subsequent amendments to the initial guidance under ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05 and ASU 2019-10, which amends the current approach to estimate credit losses on certain financial assets. This ASU requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses. Under the prior model, losses were recognized only as they were incurred, which FASB has noted delayed recognition of expected losses that might not yet have met the threshold of being probable. The standard is applicable to all financial assets (and net investment in leases) that are not accounted for at fair value through net income, such as trade receivables, loans, debt securities, and net investment in leases, thereby bringing consistency in accounting treatment across different types of financial instruments and requiring consideration of a broader range of variables when forming loss estimates. Subsequent changes in the valuation allowance are recorded in current earnings and reversal of previous losses are permitted. ASU 2016-13 is effective for AgeX beginning January 1, 2023 and is not expected to have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, which amends the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. This amendment eliminates the recognition and measurement guidance on troubled debt restructurings for creditors that have adopted the new credit losses guidance in Accounting Standards Codification 326 (“ASC 326”) and requires enhanced disclosures about loan modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The new guidance also requires public business entities to present gross write-offs by year of origination in their vintage disclosures. The guidance is effective for AgeX on January 1, 2023, including interim periods. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendment applied prospectively, except for the recognition and remeasurement of troubled debt restructurings. Entities can elect to adopt the guidance on troubled debt restructurings using either a prospective or modified retrospective transition. If an entity elects to apply a modified retrospective transition, it will record a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings in the period of adoption. AgeX does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

CARES Act

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted and signed into law. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. AgeX reviewed the provisions of the CARES Act, but does not expect it to have a material impact to its tax provision or its condensed consolidated financial statements. As described in Note 11, AgeX has obtained a loan under the Paycheck Protection Program under the CARES Act, the repayment of which was forgiven in February 2021.

3. Disposition and Deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences

Discontinued Operations

On March 6, 2021, AgeX and LifeMap Sciences entered into the Merger Agreement with Atlas and GCLMS. On March 15, 2021, the merger was completed pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement. As a result of the merger, GCLMS merged into LifeMap Sciences and (a) the shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock outstanding at the time of the merger entitled the holders of those shares to receive a pro rata portion of the $500,000 total Merger Consideration, with each LifeMap Sciences shareholder’s pro rata portion of the Merger Consideration determined in accordance with the number of shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock owned by such shareholder as a percentage of shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock outstanding immediately before the effective date of the merger, and (b) the outstanding shares of GCLMS common stock were converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock so that Atlas is now the sole shareholder of LifeMap Sciences.

AgeX received approximately $466,400 in cash as its pro rata share of the Merger Consideration in the merger. Prior to and as a condition to the merger under the terms of the Merger Agreement, $1,761,296 of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX was converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock. LifeMap Sciences also paid AgeX $250,000 in cash to pay off a portion of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX that was not converted into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock.

The results of operations and cash flows for LifeMap Sciences are reported as discontinued operations under U.S. GAAP in accordance with ASC 205-20 Discontinued Operations for all periods presented in our consolidated financial statements. AgeX will not have any continuing involvement in LifeMap Sciences subsequent to the consummation of the merger on March 15, 2021. The following table presents the operating results of LifeMap Sciences that have been treated as discontinued operations for the periods presented (unaudited and in thousands):

Schedule of Discontinued Operations

Deconsolidation

As a result of the completion of the cash-out merger on March 15, 2021, LifeMap Sciences is no longer a subsidiary of AgeX. Effective March 15, 2021, AgeX deconsolidated LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated financial statements and consolidated results of operations from those of AgeX under U.S. GAAP ASC 810-10-40-4 Deconsolidation of a Subsidiary or Derecognition of a Group of Assets due to the disposition of LifeMap Sciences on that date.

AgeX’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2021 and unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2022 do not include LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated assets and liabilities due to the deconsolidation of LifeMap Sciences on March 15, 2021.

AgeX’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 include LifeMap Sciences’ consolidated results for the period through March 15, 2021 rather than the day immediately preceding the LifeMap Deconsolidation due to the conversion of $1,761,296 of LifeMap Sciences’ indebtedness to AgeX into shares of LifeMap Sciences common stock on March 15, 2021 followed by the completion of the cash-out merger on the same day.

AgeX recognized a gain of $106,000 from the LifeMap Deconsolidation. The sale of LifeMap Sciences was a taxable transaction to AgeX, however no income tax is due as the transaction resulted in a taxable loss primarily due to AgeX’s tax basis in the subsidiary.

4. Selected Balance Sheet Components

Intangible assets, net

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, intangible assets, primarily consisting of acquired in-process research and development and patents, and accumulated amortization were as follows (in thousands):

 Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net

AgeX recognized $33,000 and $66,000 in amortization expense of intangible assets for continuing operations, included in research and development expenses, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Amortization expense of intangible assets for discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 amounted to $89,000. See Note 3 for discussion of discontinued operations.

Amortization of intangible assets for periods subsequent to June 30, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):

 Schedule of Amortization Assets

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accounts payable and accrued liabilities were comprised of the following (in thousands):

 Schedule of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

5. Related Party Transactions

2019 Loan Agreement

On August 13, 2019, AgeX and Juvenescence entered into a Loan Facility Agreement (the “2019 Loan Agreement”) pursuant to which Juvenescence has provided to AgeX a $2.0 million line of credit for a period of 18 months. On February 10, 2021, AgeX entered into an amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the 2019 Loan Agreement. The First Amendment extended the maturity date of loans under the 2019 Loan Agreement to February 14, 2022 (the “Extended Repayment Date”) and increased the amount of the loan facility by $4.0 million. On November 8, 2021, AgeX entered into Amendment No. 2 (the “Second Amendment”) to the 2019 Loan Agreement. The Second Amendment increased the amount of the loan facility by another $1.0 million. As of December 31, 2021, AgeX had borrowed all of the $7.0 million total line of credit under the 2019 Loan Agreement, as amended. Concurrent with the first draw down of funds under the 2019 Loan Agreement, AgeX issued to Juvenescence 19,000 shares of AgeX common stock, with an approximate value of $56,000. On February 14, 2022, AgeX refinanced the $7.0 million outstanding principal amount of the loans and a $160,000 origination fee due under the 2019 Loan Agreement, as amended. See discussion regarding 2022 Secured Convertible Promissory Note within this Note 5.

As consideration for the line of credit under the 2019 Loan Agreement, AgeX issued to Juvenescence warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of AgeX common stock. The exercise price of the warrants is $2.60 per share, which was the volume weighted average price on the NYSE American (VWAP) of AgeX common stock over the twenty trading days prior to the date the warrants were issued. The warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m. New York time three years after the date of issue. The number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants and the exercise price per share are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events such as a stock split or reverse split or combination of the common stock, stock dividend, recapitalization or reclassification of the common stock, and similar events. The estimated value of these warrants was $236,000 which was determined in accordance with the Black-Scholes option pricing model with inputs as specified in the relevant warrant agreement.

2020 Loan Agreement

On March 30, 2020, AgeX and Juvenescence entered into a new Secured Convertible Facility Agreement (the “2020 Loan Agreement”) pursuant to which Juvenescence provided to AgeX an $8.0 million line of credit for a period of 18 months. AgeX issued to Juvenescence 28,500 shares of AgeX common stock as an arrangement fee for the loan facility when AgeX borrowed an aggregate of $3.0 million under the 2020 Loan Agreement, and AgeX issued to Juvenescence warrants to purchase a total of 3,670,663 shares of AgeX common stock (“2020 Warrants”). The number of 2020 Warrants issued was determined by the warrant formula described below. The repayment date for outstanding principal balance of the loan under the 2020 Loan Agreement will be March 30, 2023. Events of Default under the 2020 Loan Agreement include: (i) AgeX fails to pay any amount in the manner and at the time provided in the 2020 Loan Agreement and the failure to pay is not remedied within 10 business days; (ii) AgeX fails to perform any of its obligations under the 2020 Loan Agreement and if the failure can be remedied it is not remedied to the satisfaction of Juvenescence within 10 business days after notice to AgeX; (iii) other indebtedness for money borrowed in excess of $100,000 becomes due and payable or can be declared due and payable prior to its due date or if indebtedness for money borrowed in excess of $25,000 is not paid when due; (iv) AgeX stops payment of its debts generally or discontinues its business or becomes unable to pay its debts as they become due or enters into any arrangement with creditors generally, (v) AgeX becoming insolvent or in liquidation or administration or other insolvency procedures, or a receiver, trustee or similar officer is appointed in respect of all or any part of its assets and such appointment continues undischarged or unstayed for sixty days, (vi) it becomes illegal for AgeX to perform its obligations under the 2020 Loan Agreement or any governmental permit, license, consent, exemption or similar requirement for AgeX to perform its obligations under the 2020 Loan Agreement or to carry out its business is not obtained or ceases to remain in effect; (vii) the issuance or levy of any judgment, writ, warrant of attachment or execution or similar process against all or any material part of the property or assets of AgeX if such process is not released, vacated or fully bonded within sixty calendar days after its issue or levy; (viii) any injunction, order or judgement of any court is entered or issued which in the opinion of Juvenescence materially and adversely affects the ability of AgeX to carry out its business or to pay amounts owed to Juvenescence under the 2020 Loan Agreement, (ix) there is a change in AgeX’s financial condition that in the opinion of Juvenescence materially and adversely affects, or is likely to so affect, its ability to perform any of its obligations under the 2020 Loan Agreement; (x) AgeX or a designated subsidiary sells, leases, licenses, consigns, transfers, or otherwise disposes of a material part of their assets other than inventory in the ordinary course of business or certain intercompany transactions, or certain other limited permitted transactions, unless Juvenescence approves, (xi) AgeX or a designated subsidiary contests the validity of its obligations under the 2020 Loan Agreement or other related agreement with Juvenescence, (xii) any representation, warranty, or other statement made by AgeX or a designated subsidiary under the 2020 Loan Agreement is incomplete, untrue, incorrect, or misleading, or (xiii) AgeX or a designated subsidiary suspends or ceases to carry on all or a material part of its business or threatens to do so.

Through June 30, 2022, AgeX had drawn the full $8.0 million line of credit. The outstanding principal balance of the loans under the 2020 Loan Agreement will become due and payable on March 30, 2023.

Under the terms of the 2020 Loan Agreement, each time AgeX received an advance of funds under the 2020 Loan Agreement, AgeX issued to Juvenescence a number of 2020 Warrants equal to 50% of the number determined by dividing the amount of the advance by the applicable Market Price. The Market Price set each 2020 Warrant when issued was the closing price per share of AgeX common stock on the NYSE American on the date of the applicable notice from AgeX requesting a draw of funds that triggered the obligation to issue the 2020 Warrant. The exercise price of the 2020 Warrants is the applicable Market Price. The 2020 Warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m. New York time three years after the date of issue. As of June 30, 2022, AgeX had issued to Juvenescence 2020 Warrants to purchase 3,670,663 shares of AgeX common stock. The exercise prices of the 2020 Warrants issued through June 30, 2022 range from $0.70 per share to $1.895 per share representing the market closing price on the NYSE American of AgeX common stock on the one day prior to delivery of the drawdown notices. The number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants and the exercise price per share are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events such as a stock split or reverse split or combination of the common stock, stock dividend, recapitalization or reclassification of the common stock, and similar events.

2022 Secured Convertible Promissory Note and Security Agreement

On February 14, 2022, AgeX and Juvenescence entered into a Secured Convertible Promissory Note (the “Secured Note”) pursuant to which Juvenescence has agreed to provide to AgeX a $13,160,000 line of credit for a period of 12 months. AgeX drew an initial $8,160,000 of the line of credit and used $7,160,000 to refinance the outstanding principal and the loan origination fees under its 2019 Loan Agreement with Juvenescence. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, AgeX borrowed an additional $2.0 million under the Secured Note. AgeX has now borrowed $10,160,000 of the line of credit under the Secured Note. The remaining $3.0 million of the line of credit may be drawn down from time to time until February 14, 2023 subject to Juvenescence’s discretion to approve each loan draw. AgeX may not draw more than $1.0 million in any subsequent single draw. The outstanding principal balance of the Secured Note will become due and payable on February 14, 2024 (the “Repayment Date”).

As an arrangement fee for the Secured Note, AgeX will pay Juvenescence an Origination Fee in an amount equal to 4% of the amount each draw of loan funds, which will accrue as each draw is funded, and an additional 4% of all the total amount of funds drawn that will accrue following the end of the 12 month period during which funds may be drawn from the line of credit. The Origination Fee will become due and payable on the Repayment Date or in a pro rata amount with any prepayment of in whole or in part of the outstanding principal balance of the Secured Note.

2022 Warrants – Upon each draw down of funds under the Secured Note, AgeX will issue to Juvenescence warrants to purchase shares of AgeX common stock (“2022 Warrants”). The 2022 Warrants will be governed by the terms of a Warrant Agreement between AgeX and Juvenescence. The number of 2022 Warrants to be issued will be equal to 50% of the number determined by dividing the amount of the applicable loan draw by the applicable Market Price. The Market Price will be the last closing price per share of AgeX common stock on the NYSE American or other national securities exchange preceding the delivery of the notice from AgeX requesting a draw of funds that triggers the obligation to issue 2022 Warrants; provided, however that if AgeX common stock is not traded on a national securities exchange the Market Price shall be determined with reference to closing prices quoted or bid and asked prices on an interdealer quotation system averaged over twenty consecutive trading days. The exercise price of the 2022 Warrants will be the applicable Market Price. The 2022 Warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m. New York time three years after the date of issue.

The Warrant Agreement governing the 2022 Warrants contains a “change of control blocker” provision intended to prevent an exercise of 2022 Warrants that would violate the Change in Control Rule. The exercise price of the 2022 Warrants is set with reference to the market price of AgeX common stock so the 20% Rule would have no effect on the exercise of 2022 Warrants. Under the terms of the Secured Note, AgeX has agreed to seek the vote of AgeX stockholders to approve the ability of Juvenescence to exercise its 2022 Warrants if the exercise would cause Juvenescence’s ownership of AgeX common stock to equal or exceed 50% of the outstanding AgeX common stock.

As of June 30, 2022, AgeX had issued to Juvenescence 2022 Warrants to purchase 6,502,442 shares of AgeX common stock. The exercise prices of the 2022 Warrants issued through June 30, 2022 range from $0.71 per share to $0.88 per share representing the market closing price of AgeX common stock on the NYSE American on the one day prior to delivery of the drawdown notices. The number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants and the exercise price per share are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events such as a stock split or reverse split or combination of the common stock, stock dividend, recapitalization or reclassification of the common stock, and similar events.

Conversion of Loan Amounts to Common Stock – In lieu of repayment of funds borrowed, AgeX may convert the loan balance and any accrued but unpaid Origination Fees (collectively the “Outstanding Amount”) into AgeX common stock or “units” (a “Borrower Conversion”) if AgeX consummates a “Qualified Offering” which means a sale of common stock (or common stock paired with warrants or other convertible securities in “units”) in which the gross sale proceeds are at least $10.0 million. The conversion price per share or units shall be the lowest price at which shares or units are sold in the Qualified Offering before deducting underwriting commissions and discounts, placement agent commissions and fees, and other expenses of the Qualified Offering. In the case of sales of shares of common stock by AgeX from time to time in an “at the market offering” a Qualified Offering shall be deemed to have occurred if and when such proceeds of the sales reaches $10.0 million.

Juvenescence may convert the Outstanding Amount in whole or in part into AgeX common stock (a “Lender Conversion”) at any time at Juvenescence’s election at the closing price per share of AgeX common stock on the NYSE American or other national securities exchange on the date prior to the date Juvenescence gives AgeX notice Juvenescence’s election to convert the Outstanding Amount or a portion thereof into common stock.

Any Borrower Conversion or Lender Conversion is subject to certain restrictions to comply with applicable requirements of the NYSE American (the “Exchange”) where AgeX common stock is listed. Section 713 of the Exchange Company Guide requires listed companies to obtain stockholder approval as a prerequisite to Exchange listing approval before: (i) issuing additional shares in a transaction involving the sale, issuance, or potential issuance by the issuer of common stock (or securities convertible into common stock) equal to 20% or more of stock outstanding (determined as of the date of the particular transaction agreement) for less than the greater of book or market value of the Exchange listed common stock (the “20% Rule”) and (ii) issuing shares that will result in a change of control of the company (the “Change of Control Rule”). While the Exchange has not defined “change of control”, the Exchange considers any issuance of stock to be subject to the Change of Control Rule if the issuance of stock would result in a stockholder holding 50% or more of a company’s outstanding stock. The Secured Note contains a “19.9 % blocker” provision and a “change of control blocker” provision intended to prevent a conversion of the Outstanding Amount that would violate the 20% Rule or the Change of Control Rule.

The 19.9% blocker provides that any conversion of the Secured Note into common stock must either (i) not involve the issuance of more than 19.9% of the common stock outstanding on the date of the Secured Note at a price lower than the applicable market price (as further explained below) so that stockholder approval under the 20% Rule would not be required, or (ii) be approved by the AgeX stockholders. Under the Secured Note, AgeX may borrow funds from Juvenescence in period installments or “tranches” and the market price of AgeX common stock is determined for each such tranche. Each tranche market price is based on the closing price of AgeX common stock on the date of the drawdown notice from AgeX to Juvenescence requesting funding of the loan tranche. Upon Borrower Conversion, which can take place only in connection with a Qualified Offering by AgeX, only shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of a tranche with a tranche market price greater than the applicable conversion price would be aggregated (along with any other common stock that might be issued to Juvenescence in connection with the Qualified Offering) for the purpose of determining the applicability of the 19.9% blocker. Upon Lender Conversion, only shares issuable upon the conversion of a tranche with a tranche market price that is lower than the market price on the date prior to the date the Juvenescence delivers a conversion notice to AgeX are aggregated for the purposes of determining the applicability of the 19.9% blocker. The change of control blocker provision provides that without the prior approval of AgeX stockholders a Borrower Conversion or a Lender Conversion may not take place if it would cause Juvenescence’s ownership to equal or exceed 50% of the outstanding shares of AgeX common stock.

Consequently, without the approval of AgeX stockholders the Outstanding Amount may not be converted into AgeX common stock under the Borrower Conversion provisions or the Lender Conversion provisions of the Secured Note in an amount that would (a) equal or exceed 19.9% of the outstanding common stock (measured at the date of the Secured Note) at a conversion price less than the greater of the book value or the applicable tranche market value of AgeX common stock, or (b) cause Juvenescence’s ownership to equal or exceed 50% of the outstanding shares of AgeX common stock.

Under the terms of the Secured Note, AgeX has agreed to seek the vote of AgeX stockholders to approve the ability of AgeX and Juvenescence to convert the Outstanding Amount into shares of AgeX common stock under the Borrower Conversion and Lender Conversion provisions of the Secured Note even if the Borrower Conversion or Lender Conversion, as applicable, would result in (a) Juvenescence receiving additional shares in excess of 19.9% of the AgeX common stock outstanding as of the date of the Secured Note for less than the greater of book value or the applicable tranche market values of AgeX common stock, or (b) Juvenescence owning more than 50% of AgeX outstanding common stock.

Default Provisions – The Outstanding Amount may become immediately due and payable prior to the Repayment Date if an Event of Default as defined in the Secured Note occurs. Events of Default under the Secured Note include: (a) AgeX fails to pay any principal amount payable by it in the manner and at the time provided under and in accordance with the Secured Note, (b) AgeX fails to pay any other amount payable by it in the manner and at the time provided under and in accordance with the Secured Note or the Security Agreement described below or any other agreement executed in connection with the Secured Note (the “Loan Documents”) and the failure is not remedied within three business days; (c) AgeX fails to perform any of its covenants or obligations or fail to satisfy any of the conditions under the Secured Note or any other Loan Document and, such failure (if capable of remedy) remains unremedied to the satisfaction of Juvenescence (in its sole discretion) for 10 business days after the earlier of (i) notice requiring its remedy has been given by Juvenescence to AgeX and (ii) actual knowledge of the failure by senior officers of AgeX; (d) if any indebtedness of AgeX in excess of $100,000 becomes due and payable, or a breach or other circumstance arises thereunder such that Juvenescence is entitled to declare such indebtedness due and payable, prior to its due date, or any indebtedness of AgeX in excess of $25,000 is not paid on its due date; (e) AgeX stops payment of its debts generally or ceases or threatens to cease to carry on its business or is unable to pay its debts as they fall due or is deemed by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unable to pay its debts as they fall due, or enters into any arrangements with its creditors generally; (f) if (i) an involuntary proceeding (other than a proceeding instituted by Juvenescence or an affiliate of Juvenescence) shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief in respect of AgeX and any subsidiary, or of all or a substantial part of its assets, under any federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect or (ii) an involuntary appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for AgeX or a subsidiary or for a substantial part of its assets occurs (other than in a proceeding instituted by Juvenescence or an affiliate of Juvenescence), and, in any such case, such proceeding shall continue undismissed and unstayed for sixty (60) consecutive days without having been dismissed, bonded or discharged or an order of relief is entered in any such proceeding; (g) it becomes unlawful for AgeX to perform all or any of its obligations under the Secured Note or any authorization, approval, consent, license, exemption, filing, registration or other requirement of any governmental, judicial or public body or authority necessary to enable AgeX to comply with its obligations under the Secured Note or to carry on its business is not obtained or, having been obtained, is modified in a manner that precludes AgeX or its subsidiaries from conducting their business in any material respect, or is revoked, suspended, withdrawn or withheld or fails to remain in full force and effect; (h) the issuance or levy of any judgment, writ, warrant of attachment or execution or similar process against all or any material part of the property or assets of AgeX or a subsidiary if such process is not released, vacated or fully bonded within 60 calendar days after its issue or levy; (i) any injunction, order, judgment or decision of any court is entered or issued which, in the opinion of Juvenescence, materially and adversely affects, or is reasonably likely so to affect, the ability of AgeX or a subsidiary to carry on its business or to pay amounts owed to Juvenescence under the Secured Note; (j) AgeX, whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, sells, leases, licenses, consigns, transfers or otherwise disposes of any material portion of its assets (with any such disposition with respect to any asset or assets with a fair value of at least $250,000 being deemed material), other than (i) certain permitted investments (ii) sales, transfers and dispositions of inventory in the ordinary course of business, (iii) any termination of a lease of real or personal property that is not necessary in the ordinary course of the AgeX’s business, could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect and does not result from AgeX’s default, and (iv) any sale, lease, license, consignment, transfer or other disposition of assets that are no longer necessary in the ordinary course of business or which has been approved in writing by Juvenescence; (k) any of the following shall occur: (i) the security and/or liens created by the Security Agreement or any other Loan Document shall at any time cease to constitute valid and perfected security and/or liens on any material portion of the collateral intended to be covered thereby; (ii) except for expiration in accordance with its terms, the Security Agreement or any other Loan Document pursuant to which a lien is granted by AgeX in favor of Juvenescence shall for whatever reason be terminated or shall cease to be in full force and effect; (iii) the enforceability of the Security Agreement or any other Loan Document pursuant to which a lien is granted by AgeX in favor of Juvenescence shall be contested by AgeX or a subsidiary, (iv) AgeX shall assert that its obligations under the Secured Note or any other Loan Document shall be invalid or unenforceable, or (v) a loss, theft, damage or destruction occurs with respect to a material portion of the collateral; (l) there is any change in the financial condition of AgeX and its subsidiaries which, in the opinion of Juvenescence, materially and adversely affects, or is reasonably likely so to affect, the ability of AgeX to perform any of its obligations under the Secured Note; and (m) any representation, warranty or statement made, repeated or deemed made or repeated by AgeX in the Secured Note, or pursuant to the Loan Documents, is incomplete, untrue, incorrect or misleading in any material respect when made, repeated or deemed made.

Restrictive Covenants – The Secured Note includes certain covenants that among other matters such as financial reporting: (i) impose financial restrictions on AgeX while the Secured Note remains unpaid, including restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness by AgeX and its subsidiaries, except that AgeX’s subsidiary Reverse Bio will be permitted to incur debt convertible into equity not guaranteed or secured by the assets of AgeX or any other AgeX subsidiary, and the restrictions on the incurrence of indebtedness applicable to Reverse Bio will end if it raises more than $15.0 million in debt or equity financing within 12 months from the date of the Secured Note; (ii) require that AgeX use loan proceeds and funds that may be raised through certain equity offerings only for research and development work, professional and administrative expenses, for general working capital, and for repayment of all or a portion of AgeX’s indebtedness to Juvenescence; and (iii) prohibit AgeX from making additional investments in subsidiaries, unless AgeX obtains the written consent of Juvenescence to a transaction that otherwise would be prohibited or restricted.

Security Agreement – AgeX has entered into a Security Agreement granting Juvenescence a security interest in substantially all of the assets of AgeX, including a security interest in shares of AgeX subsidiaries that hold certain assets, as collateral for AgeX’s loan obligations. If an Event of Default occurs, Juvenescence will have the right to foreclose on the assets pledged as collateral.

Registration Rights

AgeX entered into certain Registration Rights Agreements pursuant to which it has agreed to register for sale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) all shares of AgeX common stock presently held by Juvenescence or that may be acquired by Juvenescence through the exercise of common stock purchase warrants that they hold or that they may acquire pursuant to the 2020 Loan Agreement, and shares that they may acquire through the conversion of the loans into AgeX common stock. AgeX has filed a registration statement on Form S-3, which has become effective under the Securities Act, for offerings on a delayed or continuous basis covering 16,447,500 shares of our common stock held by Juvenescence and 3,248,246 shares of AgeX common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of warrants held by Juvenescence. Juvenescence retains the right to require AgeX to register additional shares of common stock that Juvenescence may acquire through the exercise of warrants or the conversion of loans. AgeX is obligated to pay the fees and expenses of each registered offering under such registration rights agreement except for underwriting discounts and commissions. AgeX and Juvenescence will indemnify each other from certain liabilities in connection the registration, offer, and sale of securities under a registration statement, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

AgeX entered into an amendment to its Registration Rights Agreement with Juvenescence to include the 2022 Warrants and underlying shares and any shares issuable upon the conversion of the Secured Note into common stock as registrable securities under the Registration Rights Agreement.

Debt Issuance Costs

In accordance with ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, all debt issuance costs are recorded as a discount on the debt and amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan agreement using the effective interest method. Direct debt issuance costs include but are not limited to legal fees, debt origination fees, estimated fair market value of common stock and warrants issued in connection with the loan agreements, and NYSE American additional listing fees for the underlying shares of warrants issued with each draw down of funds.

The following table summarizes the debt issuance costs and the debt balances net of debt issuance costs by loan agreement as of June 30, 2022 (in thousands):

Summary of Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Balances

Related party payables

Since October 2018, AgeX’s Chief Operating Officer (“COO”), who is also an employee of Juvenescence, is devoting a majority of his time to AgeX’s operations. AgeX reimburses Juvenescence for his services on an agreed-upon fixed annual amount of approximately $280,000. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, AgeX had approximately $69,000 and $70,000, respectively, payable to Juvenescence for COO services rendered, included in related party payables, net, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

6. Warrant Liability

AgeX determines the accounting classification of warrants it issues, as either liability or equity, by first assessing whether the warrants meet liability classification in accordance with ASC 480-10, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity, then in accordance with ASC 815-40, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock. Under ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, warrants are considered liability classified if the warrants are mandatorily redeemable, obligate AgeX to settle the warrants or the underlying shares by paying cash or other assets, or warrants that must or may require settlement by issuing a variable number of shares. If warrants do not meet liability classification under ASC 480-10, AgeX assesses the requirements under ASC 815-40, which states that contracts that require or may require the issuer to settle the contract for cash are liabilities recorded at fair value, irrespective of the likelihood of the transaction occurring that triggers the net cash settlement feature. If the warrants do not require liability classification under ASC 815-40, and in order to conclude equity classification, AgeX also assesses whether the warrants are indexed to its common stock and whether the warrants are classified as equity under ASC 815-40 or other applicable U.S. GAAP.

As a condition of each amount drawn from the $13,160,000 Secured Note, on receipt of each amount drawn AgeX shall grant to Juvenescence a number of warrants equal to 50% of the gross value of the relevant advance made. The gross value is the quotient of the drawdown amount and the exercise price. The exercise price is based on the market closing price of AgeX’s common stock on the NYSE American on the one day preceding the delivery of the relevant drawdown notice. (See Note 5)

Given AgeX’s history, it is AgeX’s judgement that it is more-likely-than-not that AgeX will utilize the full credit available under the Secured Note and accordingly warrants will be issued for each of the advances made within the credit availability period consisting of the 12 month period starting February 14, 2022. After all relevant assessments, AgeX determined that the warrants issued under the Secured Note require classification as a liability pursuant to ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. In accordance with the accounting guidance, the number of warrants that would have been issued if the $13,160,000 was drawn in full is measured at the inception date at fair value and recognized as a warrant liability on the balance sheet, adjusted for the fair value of warrants actually issued upon each advance, and subsequently the number of warrants that may be issued for the remaining credit available is re-measured at each reporting period with changes being recorded as a component of net other expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

The fair value of the warrant liabilities was measured using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. Significant inputs into the model at the inception, date when warrants were issued upon receipt of amounts drawn during the period, and as of the reporting period end remeasurement dates are as follows:

Schedule of Warrants Liabilities And Stock Option Awards using a Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model 

The warrants outstanding and fair values at each of the respective valuation dates are summarized below:

Schedule of Warrant Outstanding and Fair Values 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, AgeX recorded a loss on changes in fair value of warrant liability of $168,000 and $255,000, respectively. There were no warrant liabilities or corresponding changes in valuation during the same period in 2021.

The warrant liabilities are considered Level 3 liabilities on the fair value hierarchy as the determination of fair value includes various assumptions about future activities and AgeX’s stock prices and historical volatility as inputs. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, none of the warrants issued were exercised.

7. Stockholders’ Deficit

Preferred Stock

AgeX is authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of $0.0001 par value preferred stock. At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no preferred shares issued and outstanding.

Common Stock

AgeX has 100,000,000 shares of $0.0001 par value common stock authorized. At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were 37,945,108 and 37,941,220 shares of AgeX common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

Issuance and Sale of Warrants by AgeX

In connection with the $10,160,000 of drawdowns of loan funds from Juvenescence under the Secured Note during the six months ended June 30, 2022, AgeX has issued to Juvenescence 2022 Warrants to purchase 6,502,442 shares of AgeX common stock. See Note 5.

As consideration for $8.0 million in loans made to AgeX under the 2020 Loan Agreement, AgeX issued to Juvenescence warrants to purchase 3,670,663 shares of AgeX common stock. See Note 5.

At-the-Market Offering Facility

On January 8, 2021, AgeX entered into a sales agreement with Chardan Capital Markets LLC (“Chardan”), relating to the sale of shares of AgeX common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, through an at-the-market (“ATM”) offering as described in the prospectus supplement filed with the Form S-3 which was declared effective by the SEC on January 29, 2021. In accordance with the terms of the sales agreement, AgeX may offer and sell shares of AgeX common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $12.6 million from time to time through Chardan, acting as the sales agent. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, AgeX raised nil and approximately $496,000, respectively, in gross proceeds through the sale of shares of common stock under the ATM.

Reconciliation of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit

The following tables provide the activity in stockholders’ deficit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited and in thousands):

Summary of Reconciliation Changes in Stockholders' Equity