Alight, Inc. / Delaware - Annual Report: 2021 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021

OR

Commission File Number 001-39299

Alight, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

(224) 737-7000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. YES ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based on the closing price of the shares of common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2021, was $1,011,195,000.

As of March 7, 2022, the registrant had 465,211,609 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 4,990,453 shares of Class B-1 Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 4,990,453 shares of Class B-2 Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 76,220,431 shares of Class V Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 5,046,819 shares of Class Z-A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 274,379 shares of Class Z-B-1 Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 274,379 shares of Class Z-B-2 Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Table of Contents

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Explanatory Note

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes information pertaining to periods prior to the closing of the Business Combination (as defined in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"). Refer to Note 1 “Basis of Presentation and Nature of Business”, for further information regarding the basis of presentation.

Disclaimer Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that relate to expectations regarding future financial performance, and business strategies or expectations for our business. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “appear,” “approximate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “foresee,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “would” or similar expressions or the negative thereof. These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this report and the Company’s management’s current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, known and unknown risks and uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside the control of the Company and its directors, officers and affiliates. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing the Company’s views as of any subsequent date. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update, add or otherwise correct any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events, inaccuracies that become apparent after the date hereof or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

A number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results reflected in these forward-looking statements are identified under ‘Risk Factors’ in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These statements are based on assumptions that may not come true and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties.

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Summary of Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in the section titled “Risk Factors,” that represent challenges that we face in connection with the successful implementation of our strategy and growth of our business. The occurrence of one or more of the events or circumstances described in the section titled “Risk Factors,” alone or in combination with other events or circumstances, may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. A summary of the principal factors that create risk in investing in our securities and might cause actual results to differ is set forth below:

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These risk factors do not identify all risks that we face, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could also be affected by factors, events or uncertainties that are not presently known to us or that we currently do not consider to present material risks.

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PART I

Item 1. Business.

Throughout this section, references to “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Alight and its consolidated subsidiaries as the context so requires.

We are a leading cloud-based provider of integrated digital human capital and business solutions. We have an unwavering belief that a company’s success starts with its people, and our solutions connect human insights with technology. The Alight Worklife employee engagement platform provides a seamless customer experience by combining content, plus artificial intelligence ("AI") and data analytics to enable Alight's business process as a service ("BPaaS") model. Our mission-critical solutions enable employees to enrich their health, wealth and wellbeing which helps global organizations achieve a high-performance culture.

There are many factors today impacting how organizations can succeed and thrive in the future. Employees are facing increasing complexity around healthcare and retirement, and the burden of additional financial responsibility from healthcare costs being shifted from employers to employees. These trends have driven the need for integrated, personalized tools to help them make informed decisions. Employers are facing ever-changing workforce regulations and evolving dynamics across the employer/employee relationship, driving the need for flexibility, engagement and effective solutions for compliance. Alight is uniquely positioned between the employer and employee to address these factors to ultimately drive better outcomes for both.

We aim to be the pre-eminent employee engagement partner by providing personalized experiences that help employees make the best decisions for themselves and their families about their health, wealth and wellbeing every day. At the same time, we help employers tackle their biggest people and business challenges by helping them understand prevalence, trends and risks to generate better outcomes for the future and get a return on their people investment. Using data, analytics and AI, we derive actionable insights to deliver the business and people outcomes organizations need. We provide solutions to manage health and retirement benefits, tools for payroll and HR management, as well as solutions to manage the workforce from the cloud. Our solutions include:

Employer Solutions: driven by our digital, software and AI-led capabilities powered by the Alight Worklife platform and spanning total employee wellbeing and engagement, including integrated benefits administration, healthcare navigation, financial health, employee wellbeing and payroll. We leverage data across all interactions and activities to improve the employee experience, reduce operational costs and better inform management processes and decision-making. In addition, employees benefit from an integrated platform and user experience, coupled with a full-service client care center, helping them manage the full life cycle of their health, wealth and careers.

Professional Services: includes our project-based cloud deployment and consulting offerings that provide expertise with both human capital and financial platforms. Specifically, this includes cloud advisory and deployment, and optimization services for cloud platforms such as Workday, SAP SuccessFactors, Oracle, and Cornerstone OnDemand.

We deliver our solutions through a set of proprietary and partner technologies, a well-developed network of providers and a structured approach to instill and sustain enterprise-wide practices of excellence. Our solutions are supported through a highly secure and scalable cloud infrastructure, together with our core benefits processing platforms and consumer engagement tools, and integrated with over 350 external platforms and partners. Our data and access across the breadth of human capital solutions provides us with comprehensive employee records to enable AI-driven, omnichannel engagement and a personalized, integrated experience for our clients’ employees. Through the use of predictive analytics and omnichannel engagement, Alight is able to tailor an employee experience that is unique to each individual’s needs and circumstance.

We generate primarily all of our revenue, which is highly recurring, from fees for services provided from contracts across all solutions, which is primarily based on a contracted fee charged per participant per period (e.g., monthly or annually, as applicable). Our contracts typically have three to five-year terms for ongoing services with mutual renewal options. The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized over time when control of the promised services is transferred and the customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of our services. Payment terms are consistent with industry practice.

We use annual revenue retention rates as some of the measures to manage our business. We calculate annual revenue retention by identifying the clients from whom we generate revenue in the prior year and determining what percentage of that revenue is generated from those same clients for the same solutions in the subsequent year.

Human Capital Management

As of December 31, 2021, we employed more than 16,000 colleagues, approximately 67% of whom were located in the Americas, 19% were located in Europe, and 14% were located in Asia. In the United States, 64% of our colleagues identified as

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female and 37% of our colleagues self-identified as a minority group. We believe that our relations with our colleagues in all locations are positive.

Attracting, developing, and retaining talent is critical to executing our strategy and our ability to compete effectively. We believe in the importance of creating a diverse and inclusive work environment for our colleagues, supporting their wellbeing with fair and market-competitive pay and benefits, and investing in their growth and development.

We also value feedback from our colleagues and regularly survey them to understand how they feel about the company and subsequently take appropriate actions and employ employee engagement best practices to improve their work experience. Our efforts have resulted in being recognized as a Great Place to Work® for the fourth consecutive year and a Best Place to Work by Parents@Work and was listed among the top 100 companies for remote workers by Flexjobs.

Inclusion and Diversity

At Alight, we are committed to creating a sense of belonging in the workplace, and to making Alight a place where all colleagues can feel happy and fulfilled while serving our clients and their people with excellence. In 2021, we earned a perfect score on the Human Right Campaign Foundation’s Corporate Equality Index for the third consecutive year. We continually work to build a better Alight for our colleagues and other stakeholders. We value diverse viewpoints and inclusive experiences and strive for balanced representation in our overall organization. We foster a culture of respect and inclusion in various ways, including offering unconscious bias and diversity training, tracking gender diversity, and celebrating diversity through global cultural appreciation initiatives. In addition, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors reviews and makes recommendations regarding the composition and size of our Board of Directors to ensure, among other things, that our Board of Director membership consists of persons with sufficiently diverse and independent backgrounds.

Total Rewards

Our benefits are designed to help colleagues and their families stay healthy, meet their financial goals, protect their income and help them balance their work and personal lives. These benefits include health and wellness, paid time off, employee assistance, competitive pay, career growth opportunities, paid volunteer time, and a culture of recognition.

Growth and Development

We understand that developing our talent is both critical for continuing success in a rapidly evolving environment and for colleague engagement and retention, and we are committed to actively fostering a learning culture and investing in ongoing professional and career development for our colleagues. We empower managers and employees with collective accountability for developing themselves and others, and promote ongoing dialogue, coaching, feedback, and improvement through our continuous performance management practices. We offer employees an extensive number of programs and tools for their personal and professional development including instructor-led training courses, leadership development programs, on-demand virtual learning, individual development planning, roles-based functional and technical training, compliance training, peer learning opportunities, and tuition reimbursement programs. We also aligned our talent and succession planning framework at a global level for our Director-level and above roles to support the development of our internal talent pipeline for current and future organizational needs, and to provide an overall health gauge of our global talent pool. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors oversees and approves the management continuity planning process.

Intellectual Property

Our intellectual property portfolio is comprised of various copyrights (including copyrights in software) and trademarks, as well as certain trade secrets or proprietary know-how of our business. Our success has resulted in part from our proprietary methodologies, process and other intellectual property, such as certain of Alight's platforms. However, any of our proprietary rights could be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, or may not provide significant competitive advantages.

Our business relies on software provided by both internal development and external sourcing to deliver its services. With respect to internally developed software, we claim copyright on all such software, registering works where appropriate. We require all employees and contractors to assign to us the rights to works developed on our behalf. In addition, we rely on maintaining source code confidentiality to maintain our market competitiveness. With respect to externally sourced software, we rely on contracts to allow for

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continued access for its business usage.
 

In the United States, trademark registrations may have a perpetual life, subject to continuous use and renewal every ten years, and may be subject to cancellation or invalidation based on certain use requirements and third-party challenges, or on other grounds. We vigorously enforce and protect our trademarks.

Information about Executive Officers of the Registrant

The executive officers of the Company as of December 31, 2021 were as follows:

Stephan D. Scholl has served as Alight’s Chief Executive Officer since April 2020. Mr. Scholl has more than 25 years of experience in the industry. Prior to joining Alight, Mr. Scholl served as President of Infor Global Solutions from April 2012 to July 2018. Prior to that, from 2011 until 2012, Mr. Scholl served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Lawson Software from 2011 until 2012. In addition, Mr. Scholl served in various senior roles at both Oracle and Peoplesoft for more than a decade, including leading Oracle’s North America Consulting Group and leading its Tax and Utilities Global Business unit. Mr. Scholl serves on the boards of Avaya Holdings Corp. (NYSE: AVYA) and 1010 Data, a leader in analytical intelligence and alternative data. Mr. Scholl holds a bachelor’s degree from McGill University in Montreal.

Cathinka E. Wahlstrom has served as Alight’s President and Chief Commercial Officer since January 2021. Ms. Wahlstrom has more than 26 years of experience in the industry. Prior to joining Alight, Ms. Wahlstrom served across various roles within Accenture, most recently serving as the Senior Managing Director of client accounts in North America. Prior to that role, Ms. Wahlstrom served as the Senior Managing Director of Accenture’s Financial Services business in North America, including the North America portion of Accenture’s greater than $8 billion Financial Services practice. Ms. Wahlstrom is an alumna of the David Rockefeller Fellows Program; a former Business Council member of HERE to HERE, a Bronx-based nonprofit organization; and a Board member of the New York City Ballet. Ms. Wahlstrom holds a B.S. in Economics and Journalism from Indiana University of Pennsylvania and an M.B.A. from the University of California, Davis.

Katie J. Rooney has served as Alight’s Chief Financial Officer since May 2017. Ms. Rooney has more than 20 years of experience in the industry. Prior to joining Alight, Ms. Rooney served as the Chief Financial Officer for Aon Hewitt from January 2016 to May 2017. Prior to that, she served across various financial roles within Aon Hewitt and Aon from January 2009 to December 2015, including Chief Financial Officer of the Outsourcing business, the Finance Chief Operating Officer and Assistant Treasurer for Aon. Before joining Aon, Ms. Rooney worked in Investment Banking at Morgan Stanley. Ms. Rooney serves on the Board of Trustees for Window to the World Communications, Inc., a not-for-profit organization and the owner of WTTW and WFMT public broadcasting service. Ms. Rooney holds a B.B.A. in Finance from the University of Michigan.

Gregory R. Goff has served as Alight’s Chief Product and Technology Officer since May 2020. Mr. Goff has more than 15 years of experience in the industry. Prior to joining Alight, Mr. Goff served as Chief Product Officer of Uptake since 2015. Mr. Goff served as Chief Technology Officer of Morningstar from 2011 through 2015. Prior to that, Mr. Goff served in a number of technology roles at Nielsen and Accenture. Mr. Goff serves on the board of directors of InMoment, a consumer experience provider. Mr. Goff holds a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Cesar Jelvez has served as Alight’s Chief Customer Experience Officer since July 2020. Mr. Jelvez has more than 20 years of experience in the industry. Prior to joining Alight, Mr. Jelvez was a partner at Elixirr. From 2018 through 2019, Mr. Jelvez was Global Leader of Strategic Programs and Global Delivery Services at Infor. And from 2017 through 2018, Mr. Jelvez was Vice President of Digital Enterprise Application Services at DXC Technology. Prior to that, Mr. Jelvez served in a number of roles at Cognizant Technology Solutions, Infosys, IBM Global Business Services and Accenture. Mr. Jelvez holds a Master of Science degree in finance and investment from the University of York in the United Kingdom.

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Dinesh V. Tulsiani has served as Alight’s Chief Strategy Officer since October 2020. He previously served as Alight’s Head of Strategy and Corporate Development. Prior to joining Alight, from 2013 to 2017, Mr. Tulsiani led corporate development for Aon’s HR solutions segment and served in various other key strategic roles with Aon, including Senior Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategy at Hewitt Associates. Prior to that, he worked at IHS Markit from 2007 to 2010 and Ernst & Young LLP from 1999 to 2005. Mr. Tulsiani holds a B.B.A. in Finance and Economics from Delhi University and an M.B.A. from Wake Forest University. Mr. Tulsiani is also a Chartered Financial Analyst.

Paulette R. Dodson has served as Alight’s General Counsel and Corporate Secretary since May 2018. Prior to joining Alight, Ms. Dodson served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of PetSmart, Inc. from July 2012 to May 2018. Prior to joining PetSmart, Inc., Ms. Dodson served in various roles at Sara Lee Corporation, including as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, and Chief Counsel for North America. Prior to that Ms. Dodson spent 14 years at Tribune Company, where she served as Assistant General Counsel. Ms. Dodson serves on the board of directors of Portillo’s Inc. (NASDAQ: PTLO) and is on the not-for-profit boards of the United Way of Metro Chicago, The Mather and the Better Government Association. Ms. Dodson holds a B.A. from City College of New York and a J.D. from Cornell Law School.

Michael J. Rogers has served as Alight’s Chief Human Resources Officer since June 2020. Mr. Rogers has more than 15 years of experience in the industry. Prior to joining Alight, Mr. Rogers served as Chief People Officer of NGA Human Resources. Prior to that, Mr. Rogers held key human resources roles across a variety of companies, including Vistaprint, where he played a key role in driving its rapid growth across Europe, and Travelocity (lastminute.com). Mr. Rogers holds a degree in Business with first-class honors from the University of Brighton, Brighton, England.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following risk factors should be considered carefully in evaluating our Company and our business. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

An overall decline in economic activity could adversely affect the financial condition and results of operations of our business.

The results of our business are generally affected by the level of business activity of our clients, which in turn is affected by the level of economic activity in the industries, markets and regions these clients serve. The level of economic activity may be affected by unforeseen events, such as adverse weather conditions, natural disasters (including those as a result of climate change), catastrophic events, war (including the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine), terrorism or public health conditions (including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic). Additionally, substantial changes to trade, inflation rates, monetary and fiscal policies, political conditions, employment rates (including as a result of an increasingly competitive job market), and constriction and volatility in the credit markets, may occur and would affect our business. Economic downturns in some markets may cause reductions in technology and discretionary spending by our clients, which may result in reductions in the growth of new business as well as reductions in existing business. If our clients become financially less stable, enter bankruptcy, liquidate their operations or consolidate, our revenues and/or collectability of receivables could be adversely affected. Our contracts also depend upon the number of our clients’ employees or the number of participants in our clients’ employee benefit plans. If our clients become financially less stable, change their staffing models, enter bankruptcy, liquidate their operations or consolidate, that could result in layoffs or other reductions in the number of participants in our clients’ employee benefit plans. We may also experience decreased demand for our services as a result of postponed or terminated outsourcing of human resource (“HR”) functions. Reduced demand for our services could increase price competition and have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Our operations have been adversely affected and could in the future be materially adversely impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Further, the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak has caused severe disruptions in the U.S. and global economy and financial markets and could potentially create widespread business continuity issues of an as yet unknown magnitude and duration. Any future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious disease could have a similar impact.

The global spread of COVID-19 has created significant volatility and uncertainty and economic disruption. The extent to which the coronavirus pandemic impacts our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including: the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the impact of the pandemic on economic activity and actions taken in response; the effect on our clients and client demand for our services and solutions; our ability to sell and provide our services and solutions, including as a result of travel restrictions and people working from home; the ability of our clients to pay for our services and solutions; and any closures of our and our clients’ offices and facilities. For example, we have large concentrations of employees and third-party vendors performing critical operations in regions significantly impacted by COVID-19. Although there are effective vaccines that have been approved for use, distribution of the vaccines did not begin until late 2020 and remains ongoing. The ability of our employees to work may continue to be significantly impacted by individuals contracting or being exposed to COVID-19 and its resurgences and by the availability and efficacy of vaccinations, particularly against new variants of COVID-19. While we have successfully transitioned many of our employees to a work-from-home model, the closure of those facilities, or restrictions inhibiting our employees’ ability to access those facilities, has disrupted, and could in the future disrupt our ability to provide our services and solutions and result in, among other things, terminations of client contracts and losses of revenue. Clients may also slow down decision making, delay planned work or seek to terminate existing agreements. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and may continue to cause, companies to lay off or furlough employees and as a result our revenue may be adversely impacted if our clients have fewer employees. The pandemic may also cause increased cybersecurity risk, as cybercriminals attempt to capitalize from the disruption, including remote working arrangements. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to disrupt global supply chains, has caused labor shortages and has added broad inflationary pressures. While it is not possible at this time to estimate the full impact that COVID-19 could have on our business, the continued spread and resurgences of COVID-19 (including the introduction of new and more easily transmitted variants, such as the Delta and Omicron variants) and the measures taken by the governments of countries affected, including business shut-downs, quarantines, border closures, increased border controls, travel restrictions, shelter-in-place orders and shutdowns, reduced business operations and social distancing requirements, could dampen or delay any economic recovery and could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business, financial conditions and results of operations, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.

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We face significant competition and our failure to compete successfully could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition and results of operations of our business.

Our competitors may have greater resources, larger customer bases, greater name recognition, stronger presence in certain geographies and more established relationships with their customers and suppliers than we have. In addition, new competitors, alliances among competitors or mergers of competitors could gain significant market share and some of our competitors may have or may develop a lower cost structure, adopt more aggressive pricing policies or provide services that gain greater market acceptance than the services that we offer or develop. Large and well-capitalized competitors may be able to respond to the need for technological changes and innovate faster, or price their services more aggressively. They may also compete for skilled professionals, finance acquisitions, fund internal growth and compete for market share more effectively than we do. If we are unable to compete successfully, we could lose market share and clients to competitors, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations. To respond to increased competition and pricing pressure, we may have to lower the cost of our solutions or decrease the level of service provided to clients, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

We rely on complex information technology systems and networks to operate our business. Any significant system or network disruption could expose us to legal liability, impair our reputation or have a negative impact on our operations, sales and operating results and could expose us to litigation and negatively impact our relationships with customers.

We rely on the efficient, uninterrupted and secure operation of complex information technology systems, and networks and data centers, some of which are within our business and some of which are outsourced to third-party providers, including cloud infrastructure service providers such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure Cloud. We do not have control over the operations of such third parties. We also may decide to employ additional offsite data centers in the future to accommodate growth. Problems faced by our data center locations, with the telecommunications network providers with whom we or they contract, or with the systems by which our telecommunications providers allocate capacity among their clients, including us, could adversely affect the availability and processing of our solutions and related services and the experience of our clients. If our data centers are unable to keep up with our growing needs for capacity, this could have an adverse effect on our business and cause us to incur additional expense. In addition, any financial difficulties faced by our third-party data center’s operator or any of the service providers with whom we or they contract may have negative effects on our business, the nature and extent of which are difficult to predict. These facilities are vulnerable to damage or interruption from catastrophic events, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, cyber security attacks (including the recent use of "ransomware" and phishing attacks), terrorist attacks, power losses, telecommunications failures and similar events. The risk of cyber attacks could be exacerbated by geopolitical tensions, including hostile actions taken by nation-states and terrorist organizations. While we have adopted, and continue to enhance, business continuity and disaster recovery plans and strategies, there is no guarantee that such plans and strategies will be effective, which could interrupt the functionality of our information technology systems or those of third parties. The occurrence of a natural disaster (or other extreme weather as a result of climate change) or an act of terrorism, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice, or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in our services and solutions. The facilities also could be subject to break-ins, computer viruses, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and other misconduct. Any errors, failures, interruptions or delays experienced in connection with these third-party technologies and information services or our own systems could negatively impact our relationships with customers and adversely affect our business and could expose us to third-party liabilities. Any errors, defects, disruptions or other performance problems with our information technology systems including any changes in service levels at our third-party data center could adversely affect our reputation and may damage our clients’ stored files or result in lengthy interruptions in our services. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenues, subject us to potential liability or other expenses or adversely affect our renewal rates.

In relation to our third-party data centers, while we own, control and have access to our servers and all of the components of our network that are located in these centers, we do not control the operation of these facilities. The operators of our third-party data center facilities have no obligation to renew their agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If we are unable to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms, or if the data center operators are acquired, we may be required to transfer our servers and other infrastructure to new data center facilities, and we may incur costs and experience service interruption in doing so.

Improper access to, misappropriation, destruction or disclosure of confidential, personal or proprietary data as a result of employee or vendor malfeasance or cyber-attacks could result in financial loss, regulatory scrutiny, legal liability or harm to our reputation.

One of our significant responsibilities is to maintain the security, including cybersecurity, and privacy of our employees’ and clients’ confidential and proprietary information and the confidential information about clients’ employees’ compensation, health and benefits information and other personally identifiable information. However, all information technology systems are potentially vulnerable to damage or interruption from a variety of sources, including but not limited to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, malware, hacking, fraudulent use attempts, phishing attacks and security breaches. Our systems are also subject to compromise from internal

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threats such as improper action by employees, vendors and other third parties with otherwise legitimate access to our systems. Despite our efforts, from time to time, we experience attacks and other cyber-threats to our systems and networks and have from time to time experienced cyber security incidents such as computer viruses, unauthorized parties gaining access to our information technology systems and similar matters, which to date have not had a material impact on our business. These attacks can seek to exploit, among other things, known or unknown vulnerabilities in technology included in our information systems or those of third-party providers. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access are constantly changing and becoming increasingly more sophisticated and often are not recognized until launched against a target, we or our third-party providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement sufficient preventative measures. If we are unable to efficiently manage the vulnerability of our systems and effectively maintain and upgrade our system safeguards, we may incur unexpected costs and certain of our systems may become more vulnerable to unauthorized access. For example, there has been a stark increase in new financial fraud schemes akin to ransomware attacks on large companies whereby a cybercriminal installs a type of malicious software, or malware, that prevents a user or enterprise from accessing computer files, systems, or networks and demands payment of a ransom for their return. Cyber criminals may also attempt to fraudulently induce employees, customers or other users of our systems to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to our data or that of our customers. In addition, while we have certain standards for all vendors that provide us services, our vendors, and in turn, their own service providers, have experienced and in the future may continue to become subject to the same types of security breaches. In the future, these types of incidents could result in intellectual property or other confidential information being lost or stolen, including client, employee or business data. In addition, we may not be able to detect breaches in our information technology systems or assess the severity or impact of a breach in a timely manner.

We have implemented various measures to manage our risks related to system and network security and disruptions, but an actual or perceived security breach, a failure to make adequate disclosures to the public or law enforcement agencies following any such event or a significant and extended disruption in the functioning of our information technology systems could damage our reputation and cause us to lose clients, adversely impact our operations, sales and operating results and require us to incur significant expense to address and remediate or otherwise resolve such issues.

We maintain policies, procedures and technological safeguards designed to protect the security and privacy of this information. These include, for example, the appropriate encryption of information, the use of anti-virus, anti-malware and other protections. Nonetheless, we cannot eliminate the risk of human error or inadequate safeguards against employee or vendor malfeasance or cyber-attacks that could result in improper access to, misappropriation, destruction or disclosure of confidential, personal or proprietary information and we may not become aware in a timely manner of any such security breach. Such unauthorized access, misappropriation, destruction or disclosure could result in the loss of revenue, reputational damage, indemnity obligations, damages for contract breach, civil and criminal penalties for violation of applicable laws, regulations or contractual obligations, and significant costs, fees and other monetary payments for remediation. Furthermore, our clients may not be receptive to services delivered through our information technology systems and networks following an actual or perceived security breach due to concerns regarding transaction security, user privacy, the reliability and quality of internet service and other reasons. The release of confidential information as a result of a security breach could also lead to litigation or other proceedings against us by affected individuals or business partners, or by regulators, and the outcome of such proceedings, which could include penalties or fines, could have a significant negative impact on our business. Additionally, in order to maintain the level of security, service and reliability that our clients require, we may be required to make significant additional investments in our methods of delivering services.

In many jurisdictions, including North America and the European Union, we are subject to laws and regulations relating to the collection, use, retention, security and transfer of this information including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended (“HIPAA”) and the HIPAA regulations governing, among other things, the privacy, security and electronic transmission of individually identifiable protected health information, the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (“PIPEDA”) and the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”). California also enacted legislation, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”) and the related California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), that afford California residents expanded privacy protections and a private right of action for security breaches affecting their personal information. Virginia and Colorado have similarly enacted comprehensive privacy laws, the Consumer Data Protection Act and Colorado Privacy Act, respectively, both laws of which emulate the CCPA and CPRA in many respects. The Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act takes effect on January 1, 2023, and the Colorado Privacy Act takes effect on July 1, 2023. In 2021, two bills were introduced (or reintroduced) in the United States Senate: the 2021 Data Privacy Act, which would create an agency to enforce data protection rules, ensure that data practices are fair and transparent, and promote data protection and privacy innovation, and the Setting an American Framework to Ensure Data Access, Transparency, and Accountability Act, which seeks to establish a comprehensive privacy regime including many of the concepts found in other state and federal privacy bills/laws, such as consent requirements for sensitive data, data subject rights, and privacy policy requirements. The Information Transparency & Personal Data Control Act was introduced in the United States House of Representatives, which would require the FTC to establish requirements for entities providing services to the public that collect, store, process, use, or otherwise control sensitive personal information. We anticipate federal and state regulators to continue to enact legislation related to privacy and cybersecurity. These and other similar laws and regulations are frequently changing and are becoming increasingly complex and sometimes conflict among the various jurisdictions and countries in which we provide services both in terms of substance and in terms of enforceability. This makes compliance challenging and expensive. Our failure to adhere to or successfully implement processes in response to changing regulatory requirements in this area

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could result in legal liability or impairment to our reputation in the marketplace. Further, regulatory initiatives in the area of data protection are more frequently including provisions allowing authorities to impose substantial fines and penalties, and therefore, failure to comply could also have a significant financial impact.

Changes in regulation, including changes in regulations related to health and welfare plans, fiduciary rules, pension reform, payroll and data privacy and data usage, their application and interpretation could have an adverse effect on our business.

In addition to the complexity of the laws and regulations themselves, the development of new laws and regulations, changes in application or interpretation of laws and regulations and our continued operational changes and development into new jurisdictions and new service offerings also increases our legal and regulatory compliance complexity as well as the type of governmental oversight to which we may be subject. These changes in laws and regulations could mandate significant and costly changes to the way we implement our services and solutions or could impose additional licensure requirements or costs to our operations and services. Furthermore, as we enter new jurisdictions or lines of businesses and other developments in our services, we may become subject to additional types of laws and policies and governmental oversight and supervision. In all jurisdictions, the applicable laws and regulations are subject to amendment or interpretation by regulatory authorities. In addition, new regulatory or industry developments could create an increase in competition that could adversely affect us. These potential developments include:

For example, there have been, and likely will continue to be, legislative and regulatory proposals at the federal and state levels directed at addressing the availability of healthcare and containing or lowering the cost of healthcare. Although we cannot predict the ultimate content or timing of any healthcare reform legislation, potential changes resulting from any amendment, repeal or replacement of these programs, including any reduction in the future availability of healthcare insurance benefits, could adversely affect our business and future results of operations. Further, the federal government from time to time considers pension reform legislation, which could negatively impact our sales of defined benefit or defined contribution plan products and services and cause sponsors to discontinue existing plans for which we provide administrative or other services. Certain tax-favored savings initiatives that have been proposed could hinder sales and persistency of our products and services that support employment-based retirement plans.

Our services are also the subject of ever-evolving government regulation, either because the services provided to or business conducted by our clients are regulated directly or because third parties upon whom we rely to provide services to our clients are regulated, thereby indirectly impacting the manner in which we provide services to those clients. Changes in laws, government regulations or the way those regulations are interpreted in the jurisdictions in which we operate could affect the viability, value, use or delivery of benefits and HR programs, including changes in regulations relating to health and welfare plans (such as medical), defined contribution plans (such as 401(k)), defined benefit plans (such as pension) or payroll delivery, may adversely affect the demand for, or profitability of, our services.

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Our business performance and growth plans could be negatively affected if we are not able to effectively apply technology in driving value for our clients or gaining internal efficiencies. Conversely, investments in innovative product offerings may fail to yield sufficient return to cover their costs.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to develop and implement new or revised solutions that anticipate and keep pace with rapid and continuing changes in technology, industry standards and client preferences. We may not be successful in anticipating or responding to these developments on a timely and cost-effective basis, and our ideas may not be accepted in the marketplace. Additionally, the effort to gain technological expertise and develop new technologies requires us to incur significant expenses.

If we cannot offer new technologies as quickly as our competitors or if our competitors develop more cost-effective technologies, it could have a material adverse effect on our ability to obtain and complete client engagements. Innovations in software, cloud computing or other technologies that alter how our services are delivered could significantly undermine our investments in our business if we are slow or unable to take advantage of these developments.

We are continually developing and investing in innovative and novel service offerings, including a recent transition to a business process as a service (“BPaaS”) offering, which we believe will address needs that we identify in the markets. In some cases, our BPaaS offerings may require new or unique pricing structures, which may include performance guarantees or fees at risk that differ significantly from our historical practices. These initiatives carry the risks associated with any new solution development effort, including cost overruns, delays in delivery and implementation and performance issues. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in developing, marketing and selling new solutions or enhancements that meet these changing demands, that we will not experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development, implementation, introduction and marketing of these solutions or enhancements, or that our new solutions and enhancements will adequately meet the demands for the marketplace and achieve market acceptance. Any of these developments could have an adverse impact on our future revenue and/or business prospects. Nevertheless, for those efforts to produce meaningful value, we are reliant on a number of other factors, some of which are outside of our control, to deem them suitable, and whether those parties will find them suitable will be subject to their own particular circumstances.

We are subject to professional liability claims against us as well as other contingencies and legal proceedings relating to our delivery of services, some of which, if determined unfavorably to us, could have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

We assist our clients with outsourcing various HR functions. Third parties may allege that we are liable for damages arising from these services in professional liability claims against us. Such claims could include, for example, the failure of our employees or sub-agents, whether negligently or intentionally, to correctly execute transactions. It is not always possible to prevent and detect errors and omissions, and the precautions we take may not be effective in all cases. In addition, we are subject to other types of claims, litigation and proceedings in the ordinary course of business, which along with professional liability claims, may seek damages, including punitive damages, in amounts that could, if awarded, have a material adverse impact on our financial position, earnings and cash flows. In addition to potential liability for monetary damages, such claims or outcomes could harm our reputation or divert management resources away from operating our business. While we maintain insurance to cover various aspects of such professional liability and other claims, such coverage may not be adequate or applicable for certain claims or in the event of an adverse outcome related to such claims. In such circumstances, we would be responsible for payment of amounts that are not covered by insurance and that could have a material adverse impact on our business. In some cases, due to other business considerations, we may elect to pay or settle professional liability or other claims even where we may not be contractually or legally obligated to do so.

Accruals for exposures, and related insurance receivables, when applicable to us, have been provided to the extent that losses are deemed probable and are reasonably estimable. These accruals and receivables are adjusted from time to time as developments warrant and may also be adversely affected by disputes we may have with our insurers over coverage. Amounts related to our settlement provisions are recorded in other general expenses in our statements of income.

The ultimate outcome of these claims, lawsuits and proceedings cannot be ascertained, and liabilities in indeterminate amounts may be imposed on us. It is possible that our future results of operations or cash flows for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by an unfavorable resolution of these matters.

We may become involved in claims, litigation or other proceedings that could harm the value of our business.

We are subject to, and may become a party to, various claims, lawsuits or other proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Our business is subject to the risk of litigation or other proceedings involving current and former employees, clients, partners, suppliers, shareholders or others. For example, participants in our clients’ benefit plans could claim that we did not adequately protect their data or secure access to their accounts. Regardless of the merits of the claims, the cost to defend litigation may be significant, and such matters can be time-consuming and divert management’s attention and resources. The outcomes of such matters in the ordinary course of our business are inherently uncertain, and adverse judgments or settlements could have a material

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adverse impact on our financial position or results of operations. In addition, we may become subject to future lawsuits, claims, audits and investigations, or suits, any of which could result in substantial costs and divert our attention and resources. Any claims or litigation, even if fully indemnified or insured, could damage our reputation and make it more difficult to compete effectively or to obtain adequate insurance in the future.

Our failure to protect our intellectual property rights, or allegations that we have infringed on the intellectual property rights of others, could harm our reputation, ability to compete effectively and financial condition.

To protect our intellectual property rights, we rely on a combination of trademark laws, copyright laws, patent laws, trade secret protection, confidentiality agreements and other contractual arrangements with our affiliates, employees, clients, strategic partners and others. However, the protective steps that we take may be inadequate to deter misappropriation of our proprietary information and technology. In addition, we may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps to enforce, our intellectual property rights. Further, effective trademark, copyright, patent and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which we offer our services or competitors may develop products similar to our products that do not conflict with our related intellectual property rights. Failure to protect our intellectual property adequately could harm our reputation and affect our ability to compete effectively.

In addition, to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, we may initiate litigation against third parties, such as infringement suits or interference proceedings. Third parties may assert intellectual property rights claims against us, which may be costly to defend, could require the payment of damages and could limit our ability to use or offer certain technologies, products or other intellectual property. Any intellectual property claims, with or without merit, could be expensive, take significant time and divert management’s attention from other business concerns. Successful challenges against us could require us to modify or discontinue our use of technology or business processes where such use is found to infringe or violate the rights of others, or require us to purchase licenses from third parties (which may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all), any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

We might not be successful at acquiring, investing in or integrating businesses, entering into joint ventures or divesting businesses.

We may not successfully identify suitable investment opportunities. We expect to continue pursuing strategic and targeted acquisitions, investments and joint ventures to enhance or add to our skills and capabilities or offerings of services and solutions, or to enable us to expand in certain geographic and other markets. For example, we previously acquired Northgate Information Solutions Limited, a leading provider of global HR and Payroll services and more recently we acquired AON Retiree Health Exchange, Inc., an individual market solution that better supports employers and their retirees. We are still working towards fully integrating each of these acquisitions into our businesses.

Furthermore, we face risks in successfully integrating any businesses we might acquire or create through a joint venture or similar arrangement. Ongoing business may be disrupted, and our management’s attention may be diverted by acquisition, investment, transition or integration activities. In addition, we might need to dedicate additional management and other resources, and our organizational structure could make it difficult for us to efficiently integrate acquired businesses into our ongoing operations and assimilate and retain employees of those businesses into our culture and operations. The potential loss of key executives, employees, customers, suppliers and other business partners of businesses we acquire may adversely impact the value of the assets, operations or businesses. Furthermore, acquisitions or joint ventures may result in significant costs and expenses, including those related to retention payments, equity compensation, severance pay, early retirement costs, intangible asset amortization and asset impairment charges, assumed litigation and other liabilities, and legal, accounting and financial advisory fees, which could negatively affect our profitability. We may have difficulties as a result of entering into new markets where we have limited or no direct prior experience or where competitors may have stronger market positions.

We might fail to realize the expected benefits or strategic objectives of any acquisition, investment or joint venture we undertake. We might not achieve our expected return on investment or may lose money. We may be adversely impacted by liabilities that we assume from a company we acquire or in which we invest, including from that company’s known and unknown obligations, intellectual property or other assets, terminated employees, current or former clients or other third parties. In addition, we may fail to identify or adequately assess the magnitude of certain liabilities, shortcomings or other circumstances prior to acquiring, investing in or partnering with a company, including potential exposure to regulatory scrutiny and sanctions or liabilities resulting from an acquisition target’s previous activities, internal controls and security environment. If any of these circumstances occurs, they could result in unexpected legal or regulatory exposure, unfavorable accounting treatment, unexpected increases in taxes or other adverse effects on our business. Litigation, indemnification claims and other unforeseen claims and liabilities may arise from the acquisition or operation of acquired businesses. If we are unable to complete the number and kind of investments for which we plan, or if we are inefficient or unsuccessful at integrating any acquired businesses into our operations, we may not be able to achieve our planned rates of growth or improve our market share, profitability or competitive position in specific markets or services.

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We periodically evaluate, and have engaged in, the disposition of assets and businesses. Divestitures could involve difficulties in the separation of operations, services, products and personnel, the diversion of management’s attention, the disruption of our business and the potential loss of key employees. After reaching an agreement with a buyer for the disposition of a business, the transaction may be subject to the satisfaction of pre-closing conditions, including obtaining necessary regulatory and government approvals, which, if not satisfied or obtained, may prevent us from completing the transaction. Divestitures may also involve continued financial involvement in or liability with respect to the divested assets and businesses, such as indemnities or other financial obligations, in which the performance of the divested assets or businesses could impact our results of operations. Any divestiture we undertake could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our growth depends in part on the success of our strategic partnerships with third parties.

We enter into strategic partnerships with third parties to enhance and extend the capabilities of our solutions in the ordinary course of our business. In order to continue to grow our business and enhance and extend our capabilities, we anticipate that we will continue to depend on the continuation and expansion of our strategic partnerships with third parties. Identifying partners, and negotiating and documenting relationships with them, requires significant time and resources.

If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with third parties, if we fail to comply with material terms (such as maintaining any required certifications) or if our strategic partners fail to perform as expected, our ability to compete in the marketplace or to grow our revenues could be impaired, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Even if we are successful, we cannot assure you that these relationships will result in increased customer usage of our solutions or increased revenues.

Our business is dependent on continued interest in outsourcing.

Our business and growth depend in large part on continued interest in outsourced services. Outsourcing means that an entity contracts with a third party, such as us, to provide services rather than perform such services in-house. There can be no assurance that this interest will continue, as organizations may elect to perform such services themselves and/or the business process outsourcing industry could move to an as-a-service model, thereby eliminating traditional outsourcing tasks. A significant change in this interest in outsourcing could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our success depends on our ability to retain and attract experienced and qualified personnel, including our senior management team and other professional personnel.

We depend upon the members of our senior management team who possess extensive knowledge and a deep understanding of our business and our strategy. The unexpected loss of any of our senior management team could have a disruptive effect adversely impacting our ability to manage our business effectively and execute our business strategy. Competition for experienced professional personnel is intense, particularly for technology professionals in the areas in which we operate, and we are constantly working to retain and attract these professionals. If we cannot successfully do so, our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected. We must develop our personnel to provide succession plans capable of maintaining continuity in the midst of the inevitable unpredictability of personnel retention. While we have plans for key management succession and long-term compensation plans designed to retain the senior employees, and continue to review and update those plans, if our succession plans do not operate effectively, particularly in an increasingly competitive job market, our business could be adversely affected.

Our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem could cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm or legal liability.

Our operations are dependent upon our ability to protect our personnel, offices and technology infrastructure against damage from business continuity events that could have a significant disruptive effect on our operations. Should we or a key vendor or other third party experience a local or regional disaster or other business continuity problem, such as an earthquake, hurricane, terrorist attack, pandemic, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, security breach, power loss, telecommunications failure or other natural or man-made disaster, our continued success will depend, in part, on the availability of our personnel, office facilities and the proper functioning of existing, new or upgraded computer systems, telecommunications and other related systems and operations. In events like these, while our operational size, the multiple locations from which we operate and our existing back-up systems provide us with some degree of flexibility, we still can experience near-term operational challenges with regard to particular areas of our operations. We could potentially lose access to key executives and personnel, client data or experience material adverse interruptions to our operations or delivery of services to our clients in a disaster recovery scenario.

We regularly assess and take steps to improve upon our existing business continuity plans and key management succession. However, a disaster on a significant scale or affecting certain of our key operating areas within or across regions, or our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, could materially interrupt our business

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operations and cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm, damaged client relationships or legal liability.

If our clients are not satisfied with our services, we may face additional cost, loss of profit opportunities and damage to our reputation or legal liability.

We depend, to a large extent, on our relationships with our clients and our reputation to understand our clients’ needs and deliver solutions and services that are tailored to satisfy those needs. If a client is not satisfied with our services, it may be damaging to our business and could cause us to incur additional costs and impair profitability. Many of our clients are businesses that band together in industry groups and/or trade associations and actively share information among themselves about the quality of service they receive from their vendors. Accordingly, poor service to one client may negatively impact our relationships with multiple other clients. Moreover, if we fail to meet our contractual obligations, we could be subject to legal liability or loss of client relationships.

Damage to our reputation could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our reputation is a key asset of our business. Our ability to attract and retain clients is highly dependent upon the external perceptions of our level of service, trustworthiness, business practices, financial condition and other subjective qualities. Negative perceptions or publicity regarding these matters could erode trust and confidence and damage our reputation among existing and potential clients, which could make it difficult for us to attract new clients and maintain existing ones as mentioned above. Negative public opinion could also result from actual or alleged conduct by us or those currently or formerly associated with us in any number of activities or circumstances, including operations, regulatory compliance, and the use and protection of data and systems, satisfaction of client expectations, and from actions taken by regulators or others in response to such conduct. This damage to our reputation could further affect the confidence of our clients, rating agencies, regulators, stockholders and the other parties in a wide range of transactions that are important to our business having a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

We depend on licenses of third-party software to provide our services. The inability to maintain these licenses or errors in the software we license could result in increased costs, or reduced service levels, which would adversely affect our business.

Our applications incorporate certain third-party software obtained under licenses from other companies. We anticipate that we will continue to rely on such third-party software and development tools from third parties in the future. Although we believe that there are commercially reasonable alternatives to the third-party software we currently license, this may not always be the case, or it may be difficult or costly to replace. In addition, integration of the software used in our applications with new third-party software may require significant work and require substantial investment of our time and resources. To the extent that our applications depend upon the successful operation of third-party software in conjunction with our software, any undetected errors or defects in this third-party software could prevent the deployment or impair the functionality of our own applications, delay new application introductions, result in a failure of our applications and injure our reputation. Our use of additional or alternative third-party software would require us to enter into license agreements with third parties.

We rely on third parties to perform key functions of our business operations and to provide services to our clients. These third parties may act in ways that could harm our business.

As we continue to focus on reducing the expense necessary to support our operations, we have increasingly used outsourcing strategies for a significant portion of our information technology and business functions. We rely on third parties, and in some cases subcontractors, to provide services, data and information such as technology, information security, funds transfers, data processing, and administration and support functions that are critical to the operations of our business. We expect to continue to assess and potentially expand such relationships in the future. As we do not fully control the actions of these third parties, we are subject to the risk that their decisions may adversely impact us and replacing these service providers could create significant delay and expense. A failure by the third parties to comply with service level agreements or regulatory or legal requirements, in a high quality and timely manner, particularly during periods of our peak demand for their services, could result in economic and reputational harm to us. In addition, these third parties face their own technology, operating, business and economic risks, and any significant failures by them, including the improper use or disclosure of our confidential client, employee, or business information, could cause harm to our reputation. An interruption in or the cessation of service by any service provider as a result of systems failures, capacity constraints, financial difficulties or for any other reason could disrupt our operations, impact our ability to offer certain products and services, and result in contractual or regulatory penalties, liability claims from clients and/or employees, damage to our reputation and harm to our business.

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Our business is exposed to risks associated with the handling of client funds.

Our business handles payroll processing, retirement and health plan administration and related services for certain clients. Consequently, at any given time, we may be holding or directing funds of our clients and their employees, while payroll or benefit plan payments are processed. This function creates a risk of loss arising from, among other things, fraud by employees or third parties, execution of unauthorized transactions or errors relating to transaction processing. We are also potentially at risk in the event the financial institution in which these funds are held suffers any kind of insolvency or liquidity event or fails, for any reason, to deliver their services in a timely manner. The occurrence of any of these types of events in connection with this function could cause us financial loss and reputational harm.

We are subject to extensive governmental regulation, which could reduce our profitability, limit our growth, or increase competition.

Our business is subject to extensive legal and regulatory oversight throughout the world including a variety of laws, rules, and regulations addressing, among other things, licensing, data privacy and protection, wage and hour standards, employment and labor relations, occupational health and safety, environmental matters, anti-competition, anti-corruption, economic sanctions, currency, reserves and government contracting. This legal and regulatory oversight could reduce our profitability or limit our growth by increasing the costs of legal and regulatory compliance; by limiting or restricting the products or services we sell, the markets we enter, the methods by which we sell our services, the prices we can charge for our services, and the form of compensation we can accept from our clients and third parties; or by subjecting our business to the possibility of legal and regulatory actions or proceedings. For example, when federal, local, state or foreign minimum wage rates increase, we may have to increase the wages of both minimum wage employees and employees whose wages are above the minimum wage. We may also face increased operating costs resulting from changes in federal, state or local laws and regulations relating to employment matters, including those relating to the classification of employees, employee eligibility for overtime and secure scheduling requirements, which often incorporate a premium pay mandate for scheduling deviations.

The global nature of our operations increases the complexity and cost of compliance with laws and regulations, including training and employee expenses, adding to our cost of doing business. In addition, many of these laws and regulations may have differing or conflicting legal standards across jurisdictions, increasing further the complexity and cost of compliance. In emerging markets and other jurisdictions with less developed legal systems, local laws and regulations may not be established with sufficiently clear and reliable guidance to provide us adequate assurance that we are operating our business in a compliant manner with all required licenses or that our rights are otherwise protected. In addition, certain laws and regulations, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in the United States and similar laws in other jurisdictions in which we operate, could impact our operations outside of the legislating country by imposing requirements for the conduct of overseas operations, and in a number of cases, requiring compliance by foreign subsidiaries. We are also subject to economic and trade sanctions programs, including those administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, which prohibit or restrict transactions or dealings with specified countries, their governments, and in certain circumstances, their nationals, and with individuals and entities that are specially designated, including narcotics traffickers and terrorists or terrorist organizations, among others.

We have implemented policies and procedures to monitor and address compliance with applicable anti-corruption, economic and trade sanctions and anti-money laundering laws and regulations, and we are continuously in the process of reviewing, upgrading and enhancing certain of our policies and procedures. However, our employees, consultants or agents may still take actions in violation of our policies for which we may be ultimately responsible, or our policies and procedures may be inadequate or may be determined to be inadequate by regulators. Any violations of applicable anti-corruption, economic and trade sanctions or anti-money laundering laws or regulations could limit certain of our business activities until they are satisfactorily remediated and could result in civil and criminal penalties, including fines that could damage our reputation and have a materially adverse effect on our results of operation or financial condition.

Our global operations and growth strategy expose us to various international risks that could adversely affect our business.

Our operations are conducted globally. Additionally, one aspect of our growth strategy is to expand in key markets around the world. Accordingly, we are subject to legal, economic and market risks associated with operating in, and sourcing from, foreign countries, including:

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If we are unable to manage the risks of our global operations and geographic expansion strategy, our results of operations and ability to grow could be materially adversely affected.

Our global delivery capability is concentrated in certain key operational centers, which may expose us to operational risks.

Our business model is dependent on our global delivery capability, which includes employees and third-party personnel based at various delivery centers around the world. While these delivery centers are located throughout the world, we have based large portions of our delivery capability in Spain, India and the Philippines. Concentrating our global delivery capability in these locations presents operational risks, many of which are beyond our control. For example, natural disasters (including those as a result of climate change) and public health threats, particularly the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and potential resurgences of the pandemic, could impair the ability of our people to safely travel to and work in our facilities and disrupt our ability to perform work through those delivery centers. As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, many of our employees have transitioned to “work-from-home” arrangements. The significant increase in remote working and potential reduction in real estate footprint as a result could exacerbate certain risks to our business, including after the COVID-19 pandemic recedes in the future. Additionally, other countries may experience political instability, worker strikes, civil unrest and hostilities with neighboring countries. If any of these circumstances occurs, we have a greater risk that interruptions in communications with our clients and other locations and personnel, and any down-time in important processes we operate for clients, could result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations and our reputation in the marketplace.

The profitability of our engagements with clients may not meet our expectations due to unexpected costs, cost overruns, early contract terminations, unrealized assumptions used in our contract bidding process or the inability to maintain our prices in light of any inflationary circumstances.

Our profitability is highly dependent upon our ability to control our costs and improve our efficiency. As we adapt to change in our business, adapt to the regulatory environment, enter into new engagements, acquire additional businesses and take on new employees in new locations, we may not be able to manage our large, diverse and changing workforce, control our costs or improve our efficiency. In addition, certain client contracts may include unique or heavily customized requirements that limit our ability to fully recognize economies of scale across our business units.

Most new outsourcing arrangements undergo an implementation process whereby our systems and processes are customized to match a client’s plans and programs. The cost of this process is estimated by us and often only partially funded (if at all) by our clients. If the actual implementation expense exceeds our estimate or if the ongoing service cost is greater than anticipated, the client contract may be less profitable than expected. Even though outsourcing clients typically sign long-term contracts, many of these contracts may be terminated at any time, with or without cause, by the client upon written notice, typically between 90 to 360 days before expiration.

In such cases, our clients are generally required to pay a termination fee; however, this amount may not be sufficient to offset the costs we incurred in connection with the implementation and system set-up or fully compensate us for the profit we would have received if the contract had not been cancelled. A client may choose to delay or terminate a current or anticipated project as a result of factors unrelated to our work product or progress, such as the business or financial condition of the client or general economic conditions. When any of our engagements are terminated, we may not be able to eliminate associated ongoing costs or redeploy the affected employees in a timely manner to minimize the impact on profitability. Any increased or unexpected costs or unanticipated delays in connection with the performance of these engagements, including delays caused by factors outside our control, including the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, could have an adverse effect on our profit margin.

Our profit margin, and therefore our profitability, is largely a function of the rates we are able to charge for our services and the staffing costs for our personnel. Accordingly, if we are not able to maintain the rates we charge for our services or appropriately manage the staffing costs of our personnel, we may not be able to sustain our profit margin and our profitability will suffer. The prices we are able to charge for our services are affected by a number of factors, including competitive factors, cost of living adjustment provisions, the extent of ongoing clients’ perception of our ability to add value through our services and general economic conditions

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such as inflation (including wage inflation). Our profitability is largely based on our ability to drive cost efficiencies during the term of our contracts for our services provided to customers. If we cannot drive suitable cost efficiencies, our profit margins will suffer.

We might not be able to achieve the cost savings required to sustain and increase our profit margins.

We provide our outsourcing services over long-term periods for variable or fixed fees that generally are less than our clients’ historical costs to provide for themselves the services we contract to deliver. Clients’ demand for cost reductions may increase over the term of the agreement. As a result, we bear the risk of increases in the cost of delivering services to our clients, and our margins associated with particular contracts will depend on our ability to control our costs of performance under those contracts and meet our service commitments cost-effectively. Over time, some of our operating expenses will increase as we invest in additional infrastructure and implement new technologies to maintain our competitive position and meet our client service commitments. We must anticipate and respond to the dynamics of our industry and business by using quality systems, process management, improved asset utilization and effective supplier management tools. We must do this while continuing to grow our business so that our fixed costs are spread over an increasing revenue base. If we are not able to achieve this, our ability to sustain and increase profitability may be reduced.

Changes in accounting principles or in our accounting estimates and assumptions could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations.

Our financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. We are also required to make certain judgments that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each reporting period. We periodically evaluate our estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, those relating to revenue recognition, recoverability of assets including customer receivables, contingencies, income taxes, share-based payments and estimates and assumptions used for our long-term contracts. We base our estimates on historical experience and various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable based on specific circumstances. These assumptions and estimates involve the exercise of judgment and discretion, which may evolve over time in light of operational experience, regulatory direction, developments in accounting principles and other factors. Actual results could differ from these estimates, or changes in assumptions, estimates or policies or the developments in the business or the application of accounting principles related to these areas may change our results from operations.

We may be required to record goodwill or other long-lived asset impairment charges, which could result in a significant charge to earnings.

We have a substantial amount of goodwill and purchased intangible assets on our consolidated balance sheet as a result of the recent Business Combination and other acquisitions. Under GAAP, we review our long-lived assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets and fixed assets, for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Goodwill is assessed for impairment at least annually. Factors that may be considered in assessing whether goodwill or other long-lived assets may not be recoverable include reduced estimates of future cash flows and slower growth rates in our industry. We may experience unforeseen circumstances that adversely affect the value of our goodwill or other long-lived assets and trigger an evaluation of the recoverability of the recorded goodwill and other long-lived assets. Future goodwill or other long-lived asset impairment charges could materially impact our financial statements.

Our work with government clients exposes us to additional risks inherent in the government contracting environment.

A portion of our revenues is derived from contracts with or on behalf of national, state and local governments and their agencies. In some cases, our services to public sector clients are provided though or dependent upon relationships with third parties. Government contracts are subject to heightened contractual risks compared to contracts with non-governmental commercial clients. For example, government contracts often contain high or unlimited liability for breaches. Additionally, government contracts are generally subject to audits and investigations by government agencies. If the government discovers improper or illegal activities or contractual non-compliance (including improper billing), we may be subject to various civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, which may include termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspensions or debarment from doing business with the government. Also, the qui tam provisions of the federal and various state civil False Claims Acts authorize a private person to file civil actions under these statutes on behalf of the federal and state governments. Further, the negative publicity that could arise from any such penalties, sanctions or findings could have an adverse effect on our reputation and reduce our ability to compete for new contracts with both government and commercial clients. Moreover, government entities typically finance projects through appropriated funds. While these projects are often planned and executed as multi-year projects, government entities usually reserve the right to change the scope of or terminate these projects for lack of approved funding or at their convenience. Changes in government or political developments, including budget deficits, shortfalls or uncertainties, government spending reductions or other debt or funding constraints, could result in lower governmental sales and our projects being reduced in

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price or scope or terminated altogether, which also could limit our recovery of incurred costs, reimbursable expenses and profits on work completed prior to the termination. Any of the occurrences and conditions described above could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

We could be adversely affected by changes in applicable tax laws, regulations, or administrative interpretations thereof.

We could be adversely affected by changes in applicable tax laws, regulations, or administrative interpretations thereof in each country in which we do business. For example, the U.S. federal tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”), enacted in December 2017, resulted in fundamental changes to the Code, including, among many other things, a reduction to the federal corporate income tax rate, a partial limitation on the deductibility of business interest expense, a limitation on the deductibility of certain director and officer compensation expense, limitations on net operating loss carrybacks and carryovers and changes relating to the scope and timing of U.S. taxation on earnings from international business operations. Subsequent legislation, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) enacted on March 27, 2020, relaxed certain of the limitations imposed by the Tax Act for certain taxable years, including the limitation on the use and carryback of net operating losses and the limitation on the deductibility of business interest expense. The exact impact of the Tax Act and the CARES Act for future years is difficult to quantify, but these changes could materially affect our investors, the companies in which our funds invest, or us. In addition, other changes could be enacted in the future to increase the corporate tax rate, limit further the deductibility of interest, subject carried interests to more onerous taxation or effect other changes that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Such changes could also include increases in state taxes and other changes to state tax laws.

In addition, our effective tax rate and tax liability are based on the application of current income tax laws, regulations, and treaties. These laws, regulations and treaties are complex, and the manner which they apply to us and diverse set of business arrangements is often open to interpretation. Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. The tax authorities could challenge our interpretation of laws, regulations and treaties, resulting in additional tax liability or adjustment to our income tax provision that could increase our effective tax rate. Changes to tax laws may also adversely affect our ability to attract and retain key personnel.

A third party attempting to acquire us or a substantial position in our Class A Common Stock may be limited by the operation of FINRA Rule 1017.

One of our subsidiaries, Alight Financial Solutions, LLC (“AFS”), is a member in good standing with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), and is subject to change in ownership or control regulations as a result. FINRA’s Rule 1017 requires that any member of FINRA file an application for approval of any change in ownership that would result in one person or entity directly or indirectly owning or controlling 25% or more of member firm’s equity capital. A “substantially complete” application must be filed at least 30 days prior to effecting a change. The approval process under Rule 1017 can take six months or more to complete. The required FINRA process under Rule 1017, including the required 30-day notice period before effecting a change in ownership, could hinder or delay a third party in any effort to acquire us or a substantial position in our Class A Common Stock following the business combination, where such acquisition would result in the applicable person or persons, directly or indirectly, owning or controlling 25% or more of AFS. A denial of FINRA approval could prevent or delay any transaction resulting from a change of control or AFS withdrawing its broker-dealer registration, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or future prospects. A denial of any other application AFS has made under Rule 1017 could also have a material adverse effect on us.

Risks Related to Ownership of our Securities

The Sponsor Investors and Existing Investors have significant influence over the Company and their interests may conflict with the Company’s or its stockholders in the future.

The Existing Investors (comprised of the Blackstone Investors, the New Mountain Investors, the GIC Investors and the PF Investors) beneficially own approximately a 39.5% voting interest in the Company based on their ownership of Class A Common Stock and Class V Common Stock (in respect of Existing Investors who hold Class A Units). In addition, the Sponsor Investors (by virtue of the ownership of the Founders, Cannae and THL) beneficially own approximately 16.6% of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. As a result, for so long as they retain a significant ownership interest in the Company and/or Alight Holding Company LLC (f/k/a Tempo Holding Company, LLC) ("Alight Holdings"), the Sponsor Investors and Existing Investors will have significant influence on the approval of actions requiring stockholder approval through the exercise of their voting power.

Moreover, under the Company Charter and the Investor Rights Agreement that the Company entered into with the Sponsor Investors and the Existing Investors as part of the Business Combination, the Company has agreed to nominate to the Company Board

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certain individuals designated by the Sponsor Investors and the Blackstone Investors, respectively, for so long as such investors retain a certain ownership interest in the Company and/or Alight Holdings. These designation rights may be disproportionate to the ownership interests of such investors in the Company. As a result, the Sponsor Investors and the Blackstone Investors will have significant influence with respect to the Company’s management, business plans and policies, including the appointment and removal of the Company’s officers. In particular, for so long as such investors continue to own a significant percentage of the Class A Common Stock, such investors may be able to cause or prevent a change of control of our company or a change in the composition of our board of directors and could preclude any unsolicited acquisition of our company. The concentration of ownership could deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Common Stock as part of a sale of our company and ultimately might affect the market price of our Class A Common Stock.

The Company’s directors may allocate some of their time to other businesses, which may cause conflicts of interest in their determination as to how much time to devote to the Company’s affairs and materially adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.

The Company’s directors may engage in other business activities, including serving as directors or executive officers of other businesses. The Company’s directors will need to determine how to allocate their time to the Company in addition to any such other activities. This may result in a conflict of interest in the determination as to how our directors allocate their time between their oversight of the management and operations of the Company and the operations of (or their engagement in) such other businesses. Any such conflicts may not always be resolved in the Company’s favor and may materially adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.

The Company Charter provides that none of the Sponsor Investors or the Existing Investors or any director of the Company who is not employed by the Company or any of its affiliates will have any duty to refrain from engaging, directly or indirectly, in the same business activities or lines of business in which the Company operates or from otherwise competing with the Company, and contains a waiver of any interest or expectancy in certain opportunities by the Company, which may prevent the Company from receiving the benefit of certain corporate opportunities that would otherwise have been available to it.

The Sponsor Investors, the Existing Investors, the Company’s non-employee directors and/or their respective affiliates are, and/or in the future may be, engaged in (or affiliated with entities that are engaged in) similar activities or related lines of business to the Company or activities that may otherwise overlap or compete with the Company’s business. Under the Company Charter, the Sponsor Investors, the Existing Investors, the non-employee directors and their respective affiliates are permitted to engage in the same or similar business activities or lines of business to the Company or its affiliates and to otherwise compete with the Company. In addition, the Sponsor Investors, the Existing Investors, the non-employee directors and their respective affiliates are not required to disclose or offer to the Company any corporate opportunities that such persons learn of which may be a corporate opportunity for both themselves and the Company and the Company will renounce any interest or expectancy in (or right to be offered or to participate in) any such opportunities so long as the opportunity is not presented to a person in their capacity as a director or officer of the Company. The Sponsor Investors, the Existing Investors, the non-employee directors and their respective affiliates will not (to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law) have any liability to the Company for any breach of fiduciary duty for engaging in any such activities or from not disclosing any corporate opportunities to the Company or from pursuing or acquiring such opportunities themselves or offering or directing such opportunities to any other person. As a result of these provisions, the Company may be not be offered certain corporate opportunities which could be beneficial to the Company and its stockholders, or the Existing Investors, the Sponsor Investors, the non-employee directors or their respective affiliates may direct such opportunities to certain other businesses in which they are engaged (or such other businesses may otherwise pursue such opportunities) causing them to compete with us, which may cause such opportunities not to be available to the Company or to become more expensive or difficult for the Company to pursue, which could adversely impact the Company’s business or prospects.

The NYSE may not continue to list the Company’s securities on its exchange, which could limit the ability of investors to make transactions in the Company’s securities and subject the Company to additional trading restrictions.

The Company was required to meet the NYSE’s initial listing requirements in order for its securities to be listed on its exchange. Among the conditions requested by the NYSE are requirements of an expected at least $4.00 per share trading price and a minimum “public float” (based on all outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock except shares held by directors, executive officers and stockholders owning 10% or more of the outstanding shares) of at least $100.0 million. If the Company fails to continue to meet the listing requirements of the NYSE, the Class A Common Stock may be delisted, and the Company could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

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The Company Charter, Bylaws and Delaware law, as well as the Investor Rights Agreement, contain provisions that could discourage acquisition bids or merger proposals, which may adversely affect the market price of our Class A Common Stock.

The Company Charter, Bylaws and Investor Rights Agreement contain provisions that may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, consolidation, acquisition, or other change in control transaction that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which the Company’s stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their Class A Common Stock. These provisions may also prevent or frustrate attempts by stockholders to replace or remove Company management. The Company’s corporate governance documents include provisions:

The existence of the foregoing provisions and anti-takeover measures could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for the Company’s shares. They could also deter potential acquirers of the Company, thereby reducing the likelihood that stockholders could receive a premium for their shares in an acquisition. See “Description of Securities” for a more detailed discussion of these provisions.

The Company Charter provides that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Delaware Court of Chancery will be the sole and exclusive forum for most legal actions between the Company and our stockholders, which could limit the ability of the Company’s stockholders to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Company or our directors, officers, employees or agents.

The Company Charter specifies that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum and subject to certain limited exceptions, the Delaware Court of Chancery will be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of the Company to the Company or our stockholders, or any claim for aiding and abetting any such alleged breach, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Company or any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of the Company (a) arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Company Charter (as it may be amended or restated) or the Company Bylaws or (b) as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Delaware Court of Chancery or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Company or any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of the Company governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the law of the State of Delaware. The Company Charter also specifies that the federal district courts of the United States of America will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable

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law, be the sole and exclusive forum for any claims arising under federal securities laws, including the Securities Act. In addition, these choice of forum provisions will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America are the sole and exclusive forum. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of the Company’s capital stock will be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to these provisions of the Company Charter.

The Company believes this provision benefits the Company by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law by chancellors particularly experienced in resolving corporate disputes, efficient administration of cases on a more expedited schedule relative to other forums and protection against the burdens of multi-forum litigation. However, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against the Company directors, officers, employees and agents as it may limit any stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that such stockholder finds favorable for disputes with us or the Company directors, officers, employees or agents. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ bylaws or certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with any applicable action brought against the Company, a court could find the choice of forum provisions contained in the Company Charter to be inapplicable or unenforceable in such action. If a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in the Company Charter to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, the Company may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations.

The Company incurs increased costs and is subject to additional regulations and requirements as a public company, which could lower our profits or make it more difficult to run our business.

As a public company, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that Alight had not previously incurred as a private company, including costs associated with public company reporting requirements. We also incur costs associated with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules implemented by the SEC and the NYSE. The expenses incurred by public companies generally for reporting and corporate governance purposes (including due to increased focus on environmental, social and governance (commonly referred to as ESG) matters by certain investors and regulators) have been increasing. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly, although we are currently unable to estimate these costs with any degree of certainty. These laws and regulations also could make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain certain types of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. These laws and regulations could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as our executive officers. Furthermore, if we are unable to satisfy our obligations as a public company, we could be subject to delisting of our Class A Common Stock, fines, sanctions and other regulatory action and potentially civil litigation.

Compliance with any of the foregoing or future laws and regulators may result in enhanced disclosure obligations, which could negatively affect us or materially increase our regulatory burden. Increased regulations generally increase our costs, and we could continue to experience higher costs if new laws require us to spend more time, hire additional personnel or purchase new technology to comply effectively.

If securities or industry analysts cease to publish research or reports about our business, or if they downgrade their recommendations regarding our Class A Common Stock, the price of our Class A Common Stock and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our Class A Common Stock is influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If analysts who cover us downgrade our Class A Common Stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our Class A Common Stock may decline. If analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the price of our Class A Common Stock or trading volume to decline and our Class A Common Stock to be less liquid.

We may issue additional shares of Class A Common Stock or other securities without stockholder approval, which would dilute existing ownership interests and may depress the market price of the Class A Common Stock.

The Company may issue additional shares of Class A Common Stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank in the future without stockholder approval, including in connection with, among other things, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness, grants under the Company’s equity incentive plan, or future strategic acquisitions or similar transactions.

The Company’s issuance of additional Class A Common Stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank would have the following effects:

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Future issuances of shares of Class A Common Stock by us, and the availability for resale of shares held by our Existing Investors and other significant stockholders (including any shares of Class A Common Stock issued upon exchange of such investors’ Class A Units) may cause the market price of our Class A Common Stock to decline.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Class A Common Stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could substantially decrease the market price of our Class A Common Stock. Under the Business Combination Agreement, the Existing Investors received, among other things, a significant amount of Class A Common Stock and Class A Units (which are exchangeable for shares of Class A Common Stock). In addition, the Existing Investors received shares of our Class B Common Stock or Class B Units which will automatically convert into Class A Common Stock or Class A Units upon the occurrence of certain events (including events tied to the trading price of our Class A Common Stock).

The Existing Investors and certain other significant stockholders may sell large amounts of the Class A Common Stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, which could have the effect of increasing the volatility in our stock price or putting significant downward pressure on the price of our Class A Common Stock.

In the future, we may also issue our securities in connection with investments or acquisitions. The amount of shares of our Class A Common Stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock. The market price of our Class A Common Stock could drop significantly if we or our Existing Investors and other significant stockholders sell shares or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them.

Because we have no current plans to pay cash dividends on our Class A Common Stock, you may not receive any return on your investment unless you sell your Class A Common Stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

We have no current plans to pay cash dividends. The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on our Class A Common Stock will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and results of operations, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and implications on the payment of dividends by us to our shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to pay dividends is limited by our credit facilities and may be limited by covenants of other indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur in the future. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our Class A Common Stock unless you sell your Class A Common Stock for a price greater than that which you paid for such stock (or the shares of FTAC Common Stock).

The market price of shares of our Class A Common Stock has been, and may continue to be volatile and may decline regardless of our operating performance, which could cause the value of your investment to decline.

The market price of our Class A Common Stock has fluctuated in response to numerous factors and continue to be subject to wide fluctuations. Securities markets worldwide experience significant price and volume fluctuations. This market volatility, as well as general economic, market or political conditions, could reduce the market price of shares of our Class A Common Stock regardless of our operating performance. In addition, our operating results may fail to match our past performance and could be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors due to a number of potential factors, including variations in our quarterly operating results or dividends, if any, to shareholders, additions or departures of key management personnel, failure to meet analysts’ earnings estimates, publication of research reports about our industry, the performance of direct and indirect competitors, litigation and government investigations, changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations or enforcement thereof affecting our business, adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue in the future, changes in market valuations of similar companies, announcements by our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, dispositions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments, adverse publicity about the industries we participate in or individual scandals. In addition, the market price of shares of our Class A Common Stock could be subject to additional volatility or decrease significantly, as a result of speculation in the press or the investment community about our industry or our company, including, as a result of short sellers who publish, or arrange for the publication of, opinions or characterizations of our business prospects or similar matters calculated to create negative market momentum in order to profit from a decline in the market price of our Class A Common Stock. Stock markets and the price of our Class A Common Stock have, and may in the future, experience extreme price and volume fluctuations. In the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a company’s securities, including as a result of reports published by short sellers, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This

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litigation, if instituted against us, as well as responding to reports published by short sellers or other speculation in the press or investment community, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

The Company is a holding company and our only material asset is our direct and indirect interests in Alight Holdings, and we are accordingly dependent upon distributions from Alight Holdings to pay dividends, taxes and other expenses, including payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

The Company is a holding company with no material assets other than its direct and indirect ownership of equity interests in Alight Holdings, of which the Company serves as the managing member. As a result, the Company has no independent means of generating revenue or cash flow and the Company is dependent on the financial results and cash flows of Alight Holdings and its subsidiaries and the distributions that we receive from Alight Holdings in order to pay taxes, make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, pay dividends (including any dividends or amounts payable in connection with the conversion or exchange of Class B Common Stock and Class B Units) and pay other costs and expenses of the Company. While we intend to cause Alight Holdings to make distributions to its members, including us, in an amount at least sufficient to allow us to pay all applicable taxes, to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and to pay our corporate and other overhead expenses, deterioration in the financial condition, earnings or cash flow of Alight Holdings for any reason could limit or impair Alight Holdings’ ability to pay such distributions. Additionally, to the extent that the Company needs funds and Alight Holdings is restricted from making such distributions under applicable laws or regulations or under the terms of any financing arrangements, or Alight Holdings is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially adversely affect the Company’s liquidity and financial condition. Such restrictions include Alight Holdings’ financing facilities to which Alight Holdings’ subsidiaries are borrowers or guarantors. Alight Holdings’ distributions, as a result of such financing facilities, are limited based on the achievement of certain financial ratios and fixed dollar baskets, availability under which will vary depending on the Company’s financial performance. We currently anticipate that Alight Holdings will have sufficient capacity to make the dividends and other distributions described above. Distributions may also be restricted pursuant to the Alight Holdings Operating Agreement and applicable Delaware law. Under the Alight Holdings Operating Agreement, the Company (as managing member) is prohibited from making distributions if they would violate Section 18-607 of the DLLCA or another applicable law. Under the DLLCA, limited liability companies are generally restricted from making distributions to their members to the extent that, after giving effect to any such distribution, the company’s liabilities (subject to certain limited exclusions) exceed the fair value of the company’s assets.

Under the terms of the Alight Holdings Operating Agreement, Alight Holdings is obligated to make tax distributions to holders of Alight Holdings Units (including us) at an assumed tax rate, subject to there being available cash. The amount of these tax distributions may in certain periods exceed our tax liabilities and obligations to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The Company Board, in its sole discretion, will determine from time to time how to use any cash that accumulates at the Company as a result, which may include, among other potential uses, repurchases of our Class A Common Stock or the payment of dividends thereon. However, we will have no obligation to distribute such cash (or other available cash other than as a result of any declared dividend) to our stockholders. To the extent that the Company does not use any such accumulated cash, following the exchange or redemption of Class A Units for Class A Common Stock, Continuing Tempo Unitholders may benefit from value attributable to such cash balances as a result of their ownership of Class A Common Stock, notwithstanding that such Continuing Tempo Unitholders may previously have participated or received distributions as holders of Alight Holdings Units that resulted in the excess cash balances at the Company.

The Company will be required to pay certain parties for most of the benefits relating to any additional tax depreciation or amortization deductions that we may claim as a result of the Company’s direct and indirect allocable share of existing tax basis acquired in the Business Combination, the Company’s increase in its allocable share of existing tax basis and anticipated tax basis adjustments we receive in connection with sales or exchanges of Alight Holdings Units after the Business Combination and our utilization of certain tax attributes of the Tempo Blockers.

In connection with the Business Combination, we entered into a tax receivable agreement (the "Tax Receivable Agreement" or the "TRA") with certain of our pre-Business Combination owners (the "TRA Parties") that provides for the payment by the Company to such TRA Parties of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of (i) the Company’s direct and indirect allocable share of existing tax basis acquired in the Business Combination, (ii) increases in the Company’s allocable share of existing tax basis and tax basis adjustments that will increase the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Alight Holdings as a result of the Business Combination and as a result of sales or exchanges of Alight Holdings Units for shares of Class A Common Stock after the Business Combination and (iii) the Company’s utilization of certain tax attributes of the Tempo Blockers (including the Tempo Blockers allocable share of existing tax basis), and of certain other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. These increases in existing tax basis and tax basis adjustments generated over time may increase (for tax purposes) depreciation and amortization deductions and, therefore, may reduce the amount of tax that the Company would otherwise be required to pay in the future, although the IRS may challenge all or part of the validity of that tax basis, and a court could sustain such a challenge. Actual

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tax benefits realized by the Company may differ from tax benefits calculated under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of the use of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable Agreement, including the use of an assumed weighted-average state and local income tax rate to calculate tax benefits. The payment obligation under the Tax Receivable Agreement is an obligation of the Company and not of Alight Holdings. While the amount of existing tax basis, the anticipated tax basis adjustments and the actual amount and utilization of tax attributes, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of exchanges of Alight Holdings Units for shares of Company Common Stock, the applicable tax rate, the price of shares of our Class A Common Stock at the time of exchanges, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and the amount and timing of our income, we expect that as a result of the size of the transfers and increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Alight Holdings and our possible utilization of tax attributes, including existing tax basis acquired at the time of the Business Combination, the payments that the Company may make under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be substantial. The payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are not conditioned on the exchanging holders of Alight Holdings Units or other TRA Parties continuing to hold ownership interests in us. To the extent payments are due to the TRA Parties under the Tax Receivable Agreement, the payments are generally required to be made within ten business days after the tax benefit schedule (which sets forth the Company’s realized tax benefits covered by the Tax Receivable Agreement for the relevant taxable year) is finalized. The Company is required to deliver such a tax benefit schedule to the TRA Parties’ representative, for its review, within ninety calendar days after the due date (including extensions) of the Company’s federal corporate income tax return for the relevant taxable year.

In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual benefits the Company realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement.

The Company’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be accelerated in the event of certain changes of control or its election to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early. The accelerated payments will relate to all relevant tax attributes then allocable to the Company in the case of an acceleration upon a change of control and to all relevant tax attributes allocable or that would be allocable to the Company (in the case of an election by the Company to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early, assuming all Alight Holdings Units were then exchanged). The accelerated payments required in such circumstances will be calculated by reference to the present value (at a specified discount rate determined by reference to LIBOR) of all future payments that holders of Alight Holdings Units or other recipients would have been entitled to receive under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and such accelerated payments and any other future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will utilize certain valuation assumptions, including that the Company will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement and sufficient taxable income to fully utilize any remaining net operating losses subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement on a straight line basis over the shorter of the statutory expiration period for such net operating losses or the five-year period after the early termination or change of control. In addition, recipients of payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will not reimburse us for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement if such tax basis and the Company’s utilization of certain tax attributes is successfully challenged by the IRS (although any such detriment would be taken into account in future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement). The Company’s ability to achieve benefits from any existing tax basis, tax basis adjustments or other tax attributes, and the payments to be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will depend upon a number of factors, including the timing and amount of our future income. As a result, even in the absence of a change of control or an election to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement could be in excess of 85% of the Company’s actual cash tax benefits.

Accordingly, it is possible that the actual cash tax benefits realized by the Company may be significantly less than the corresponding Tax Receivable Agreement payments or that payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be made years in advance of the actual realization, if any, of the anticipated future tax benefits. There may be a material negative effect on our liquidity if the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement exceed the actual cash tax benefits that the Company realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement and/or distributions to the Company by Alight Holdings are not sufficient to permit the Company to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement after it has paid taxes and other expenses. Based upon certain assumptions, we estimate that if Alight, Inc. were to exercise its termination right as of December 31, 2021, the aggregate amount of these termination payments would be significantly in excess of the Tax Receivable Agreement liability recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements within this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We may need to incur additional indebtedness to finance payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement to the extent our cash resources are insufficient to meet our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise, and these obligations could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control.

The acceleration of payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the case of certain changes of control may impair our ability to consummate change of control transactions or negatively impact the value of our Company Common Stock.

In the case of a “Change of Control” under the Tax Receivable Agreement (which is defined to include, among other things, a 50% change in control of the Company, the approval of a complete plan of liquidation or dissolution of the Company, or the

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disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s direct or indirect assets), payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be accelerated and may significantly exceed the actual benefits the Company realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement. We expect that the payments that we may make under the Tax Receivable Agreement (the calculation of which is described in the immediately preceding risk factor) in the event of a change of control will be substantial. As a result, our accelerated payment obligations and/or the assumptions adopted under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the case of a change of control may impair our ability to consummate change of control transactions or negatively impact the value received by owners of our Company Common Stock in a change of control transaction.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our indebtedness service obligations to increase significantly.

Interest rates may increase in the future. As a result, interest rates on our term loan facility, secured senior notes and revolving credit facility, or any other variable rate debt offerings that we may engage in, could be higher or lower than current levels. Although we use derivative financial instruments to some extent to manage a portion of our exposure to interest rate risks, we do not attempt to manage our entire expected exposure. As of December 31, 2021, we had approximately $2.6 billion of outstanding debt at variable interest rates. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on our variable rate indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, would correspondingly decrease.

Changes in our credit ratings could adversely impact our operations and lower our profitability.

Credit rating agencies continually revise their ratings for the companies that they follow, including us. Credit rating agencies also evaluate our industry as a whole and may change their credit ratings for us based on their overall view of our industry. Failure to maintain our credit ratings on long-term and short-term debt, or a lowered outlook for us or for our industry, could increase our cost of borrowing, reduce our ability to obtain intra-day borrowing, which we may need to operate our business, and adversely impact our results of operations.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties.

Our corporate headquarters is located in leased office space in Lincolnshire, Illinois. We currently use approximately 290,000 square feet of office space in our headquarters. The lease expires on December 31, 2024. We have offices in locations throughout the world, including Texas, Florida, North Carolina, Georgia, Puerto Rico, Canada, Spain and India. All of our offices are located in leased premises.

We believe that the facilities we currently occupy are adequate for the purposes for which they are being used and are well maintained. In general, no difficulty is anticipated in negotiating renewals as leases expire or in finding other satisfactory space if the premises become unavailable. See Note 18 “Lease Obligations” within the Consolidated Financial Statements within Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

We are a party to a variety of legal proceedings that arise in the normal course of our business. While the results of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the final outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on our results of operations or financial condition.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Our Class A Common Stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the symbol ALIT. Trading began on our Class A Common Stock on July 2, 2021. Prior to that time, there was no public market for our Class A Common Stock.

Market price information regarding our Class B-1 Common Stock, Class B-2 Common Stock, Class V Common Stock, Class Z-A Common Stock, Class Z-B-1 Common Stock and Class Z-B-2 Common Stock is not provided because there is no public market for such classes.

Holders of Record

Set forth below are the numbers of holders of record for each of our classes of Common Stock as of March 7, 2022.

Dividends

We do not intend to declare or pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our management anticipates that all earnings and other cash resources, if any, will be retained for investment in our business.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plan

The information required in this section is included under the heading "Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans" in our 2022 Proxy Statement.

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Performance

The following graph compares the total shareholder return from July 2, 2021, the date on which our Class A common shares commenced trading on the NYSE, through December 31, 2021 of (i) our Class A Common Stock, (ii) the Standard and Poor's 500 Stock Index (“S&P 500”) and (iii) the Russell 2000 Index (the "Russell 2000"). The S&P 500 was selected because it serves as a broad market index. The Russell 2000 was selected because we do not believe we can reasonably identify an industry index or specific peer group that would offer a meaningful comparison. The Russell 2000 measures the performance of the small market capitalization segment of U.S. equity instruments.

The stock performance graph and table assume an initial investment of $100 on July 2, 2021, and that all dividends of the S&P 500 and Russell 2000, were reinvested. The performance graph and table are not intended to be indicative of future performance. The performance graph and table shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act.

Item 6. Reserved.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This discussion includes forward-looking statements. See ‘Disclaimer Regarding Forward-looking Statements’ for certain cautionary information regarding forward-looking statements and ‘Risk Factors’ in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a list of factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted in those statements.

This discussion includes references to non-GAAP financial measures as defined in the rules of the SEC. We present such non-GAAP financial measures as we believe such information is of interest to the investment community because it provides additional meaningful methods of evaluating certain aspects of the Company’s operating performance from period to period on a basis that may not be otherwise apparent under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), and these provide a measure against which our businesses may be assessed in the future.

Our methods of calculating these measures may differ from those used by other companies and therefore comparability may be limited. These financial measures should be viewed in addition to, not in lieu of, the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. See ‘Non-GAAP Financial Measures’ below for further discussion.

BUSINESS

Overview

We are a leading cloud-based provider of integrated digital human capital and business solutions. We have an unwavering belief that a company’s success starts with its people, and our solutions connect human insights with technology. The Alight Worklife employee engagement platform provides a seamless customer experience by combining content, plus AI and data analytics to enable Alight's BPaaS model. Our mission-critical solutions enable employees to enrich their health, wealth and wellbeing, which helps global organizations achieve a high-performance culture.

On July 2, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Foley Trasimene Acquisition Corp. ("FTAC") completed the business combination (the “Business Combination”) with Alight Holding Company, LLC (f/k/a Tempo Holding Company, LLC) (“Alight Holdings” or the “Predecessor”) contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement (as amended and restated as of April 29, 2021) between FTAC, Alight Holdings and other interested parties (the “Business Combination Agreement”). On the Closing Date, pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, FTAC became a wholly owned subsidiary of Alight, Inc. (“Alight”, “the Company”, “we” “us” “our” or the “Successor”) and was renamed Alight Group, Inc. As a result of the Business Combination, and by virtue of such series of mergers and related transactions, the combined company is now organized in an “Up-C” structure, in which substantially all of the assets and business of Alight are held by Alight Holdings, of which Alight is the managing member pursuant to the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Alight Holdings that went into effect upon the completion of the Business Combination. As a result of the Business Combination, Alight owns approximately 85% of the economic interest in Alight Holdings, but will have 100% of the voting power and will control the management of Alight Holdings. Immediately following the completion of the Business Combination, the non-voting ownership percentage held by noncontrolling interest was approximately 15%.

Principal Services and Segments

We currently report our results of operations in three segments: Employer Solutions, Professional Services and Hosted Business. Employer Solutions, Professional Services and Hosted Business accounted for approximately 87%, 12% and 1% and 85%, 14% and 1% of consolidated revenue for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021 and the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.

Revenue and Compensation

Revenues are principally derived from fees paid by clients for services. Payment terms are consistent with current industry practice.

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Technology

We deliver our solutions through a set of proprietary and partner technologies, a well-developed network of providers and a structured approach to instill and sustain enterprise-wide practices of excellence. With this in mind, there are four layers to our technology strategy, all reinforced with a critical security framework:

Seasonality

Due to buying patterns and delivery of certain products in the markets we serve, particularly given the timing of annual benefits enrollment, our revenues tend to be higher in the third and fourth quarters of each year.

Licensing and Regulation

Our business activities are subject to licensing requirements and extensive regulation under the laws of countries in which we operate, including United States (“U.S.”) federal and state laws. See the discussion contained in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for information regarding how actions by regulatory authorities or changes in legislation and regulation in the jurisdictions in which we operate may have an adverse effect on our business.

Clients

We serve a broad range of clients, including Fortune 500 companies and mid-market businesses, and seek to establish high-quality, strong, long-term relationships with our clients. We proactively solicit client feedback through ongoing surveys and client councils held throughout the year, and we use this critical feedback to enhance our client services and correct course when necessary. Through these surveys, we have learned that clients value the strength and depth of our relationships, scale and breadth of our solutions and our commitment to innovation and continuous improvement.

Competition

The markets for our solutions are competitive, rapidly evolving and fragmented. Our business faces competition from other global and national companies. The market for our solutions is subject to change as a result of economic, regulatory and legislative changes, technological developments, shifting client needs and increased competition from established and new competitors.

We do not believe there is any single competitor with the breadth of our solutions, and thus our competitors vary for each of our solutions. Our primary competitors include Accenture, Accolade, ADP, Benefitfocus, bswift, Businessolver, Cognizant, Conduent, Deloitte, eHealth, Empower, Fidelity, GoHealth, Grand Rounds, HealthEquity, Mercer, OneSource Virtual, Quantum Health, SD Worx, Vanguard, Voya, WTW, and Workday.

We compete primarily on the basis of product and service quality, technology, breadth of offerings, ease of use and accessibility of technology, data protection, innovation, trust and reliability, price, and reputation.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPARABILITY OF OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

As a result of a number of factors, our historical results of operations are not comparable from period to period and may not be comparable to our financial results of operations in future periods. Set forth below is a brief discussion of the key factors that may impact the comparability of our results of operations in future operations.

Impact of the Business Combination

Alight is subject to corporate level tax rates at the federal, state and local levels. The Predecessor was and is treated as a flow-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and as such, has generally not been subject to U.S. federal income tax at the entity level. Accordingly, other than for certain consolidated subsidiaries of the Predecessor that are structured as corporations and unless otherwise specified, the historical results of operations and other financial information presented does not include any provision for U.S. federal income tax.

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Alight (together with certain corporate subsidiaries through which it owns its interest in the Predecessor) pays U.S. federal and state income taxes as a corporation on its share of our taxable income. The Business Combination was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities, including any identified intangible assets, were recorded at their preliminary fair values at the date of completion of the Business Combination, with any excess of the purchase price over the preliminary fair value recorded as goodwill. The application of business combination accounting required the use of significant estimates and assumptions.

As a result of the application of accounting for the Business Combination, the historical Consolidated Financial Statements of the Predecessor are not necessarily indicative of the Successor’s future results of operations, financial position and cash flows. For example, increased tangible and intangible assets resulting from adjusting the basis of tangible and intangible assets to their fair value would result in increased depreciation and amortization expense in the periods following the consummation of the Business Combination.

In connection with the Business Combination, we entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement (“TRA”) with certain of our pre-Business Combination owners that provides for the payment by the Alight to such owners of 85% of the benefits that Alight is deemed to realize as a result of the Company’s share of existing tax basis acquired in the Business Combination and other tax benefits related to entering into the TRA.

Additionally, in connection with the Business Combination, we have accounted for the issuance of warrants and Seller Earnout contingent consideration as liabilities which require remeasurement to fair value at the end of each reporting period, as applicable and adopted the Alight 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan which will result in higher share-based compensation expenses. Lastly, the redemption of our Unsecured Senior Notes and partial paydown of the Term Loan in conjunction with the Business Combination, will result in lower interest expense.

Impact of Becoming a Public Company

We expect to incur additional costs associated with operating as a public company. We expect that these costs will include additional human resources, legal, consulting, regulatory, insurance, accounting, investor relations and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules adopted by the SEC require public companies to implement specified corporate governance practices that are not applicable to a private company. These additional rules and regulations increased our legal, regulatory and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL RESULTS

While the Closing Date was July 2, 2021, we determined that as the impact of one day would be immaterial to the results of operations, we will utilize July 1, 2021 as the date of the Business Combination for accounting purposes. As a result of the Business Combination, the following tables present selected financial data for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, and the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and year ended December 31, 2020.

We prepared our discussion of the results of operations by comparing the results of the combined Successor six months ended December 31, 2021 and Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 to the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. The core business operations of the Predecessor and Successor were not significantly impacted by the consummation of the Business Combination. Therefore, we believe the combined results for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021 and the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 are comparable to the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 and provide enhanced comparability to the reader about the current year's results. We believe this approach provides the most meaningful basis of comparison and is useful in identifying current business trends for the periods presented. The combined results of operations included in our discussion below are not considered to be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and have not been prepared as pro forma results under applicable regulations, may not reflect the actual results we would have achieved had the Business Combination occurred at the beginning of 2021, and should not be viewed as a substitute for the results of operations of the Predecessor and Successor periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

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The following table sets forth our historical results of operations for the periods indicated below:

REVIEW OF RESULTS

Key Components of Our Operations

Revenue

Our clients’ demand for our services ultimately drives our revenues. We generate primarily all of our revenue, which is highly recurring, from fees for services provided from contracts across all solutions, which is primarily based on a contracted fee charged per participant per period (e.g., monthly or annually, as applicable). Our contracts typically have three to five-year terms for ongoing services with mutual renewal options. The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized over time when control of the promised services is transferred and the customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of our services. Payment terms are consistent with industry practice. We calculate growth rates for each of our solutions in relation to recurring revenues and revenues from project work. One of the components of our growth in recurring revenues is the increase in net commercial activity which reflects items such as client wins and losses (“Net Commercial Activity”). We define client wins as sales to new clients and sales of new solutions to existing clients. We define client losses as instances where clients do not renew or terminate their arrangements in relation to individual solutions or all of the solutions that we provide.

Cost of Services, exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization

Cost of services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization includes compensation-related and vendor costs directly attributable to client-related services and costs related to application development and client-related infrastructure.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expenses include the depreciation and amortization related to our hardware, software and application development. Depreciation and amortization may increase or decrease in absolute dollars in future periods depending on the future level of capital investments in hardware, software and application development.

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Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses include compensation-related costs for administrative and management employees, system and facilities expenses, and costs for external professional and consulting services.

Depreciation and Intangible Amortization

Depreciation and intangible amortization expenses consist of charges relating to the depreciation of the property and equipment used in our business and the amortization of acquired customer-related and contract based intangible assets and technology related intangible assets. Depreciation and intangible amortization may increase or decrease in absolute dollars in future periods depending on the future level of capital investments in hardware and other equipment as well as amortization expense associated with future acquisitions.

Loss from Change in Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Loss from change in fair value of financial instruments includes the impact of the revaluation to fair value at the end of each reporting period for our warrants and the Seller Earnouts contingent consideration.

Gain from Change in Fair Value of Tax Receivable Agreement

Gain from change in fair value of Tax Receivable Agreement includes the impact of the revaluation to fair value at the end of each reporting period.

Interest Expense

Interest expense primarily includes interest expense related to our outstanding debt.

Other Expense, net

Other expense, net includes non-operating expenses and income, including realized currency translation.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The presentation of non-GAAP financial measures is used to enhance our management and stakeholders understanding of certain aspects of our financial performance. This discussion is not meant to be considered in isolation, superior to, or as a substitute for the directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Management also uses supplemental non-GAAP financial measures to manage and evaluate the business, make planning decisions, allocate resources and as performance measures for Company-wide bonus plans. These key financial measures provide an additional view of our operational performance over the long-term and provide useful information that we use in order to maintain and grow our business.

The measures referred to as “adjusted”, have limitations as analytical tools, and such measures should not be considered either in isolation or as a substitute for net income or other methods of analyzing our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of the limitations are:

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Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share

Adjusted Net Income, which is defined as net loss attributable to Alight, Inc. adjusted for intangible amortization and the impact of certain non-cash items that we do not consider in the evaluation of ongoing operational performance, is a non-GAAP financial measure used solely for the purpose of calculating Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share.

Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share is defined as Adjusted Net Income divided by the adjusted weighted-average number of shares of common stock, diluted. The adjusted weighted shares calculation assumes the full exchange of the noncontrolling interest units, the total amount of warrants that were exercised, and non-vested time-based restricted units that were determined to be antidilutive and therefore excluded from the U.S. GAAP diluted earnings per share. Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share, including the adjusted weighted-average number of shares, is used by us and our investors to evaluate our core operating performance and to benchmark our operating performance against our competitors.

A reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income to Net Loss Attributable to Alight, Inc. and the computation of Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share is as follows:

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA less Capital Expenditures

Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and intangible amortization adjusted for the impact of certain non-cash and other items that we do not consider in the evaluation of ongoing operational performance, is a non-GAAP financial measure used by management and our stakeholders to provide useful supplemental information that enables a better

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comparison of our performance across periods. Both Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA less Capital Expenditures are non-GAAP measures that are used by management and stakeholders to evaluate our core operating performance.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA less Capital Expenditures should not be considered as discretionary cash available to us to reinvest in the growth of our business or to distribute to stockholders or as a measure of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations

A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net (Loss) Income is as follows:

A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA less Capital Expenditures to Cash provided by operating activities is as follows:

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Results of Operations for the Combined Year Ended December 31, 2021 (Successor and Predecessor) Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Predecessor)

Revenue

Revenues were $1,554 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $1,361 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $2,728 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Revenues were $2,915 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an increase of $187 million over the Predecessor prior year period, representing growth of 9% in our Employer Solutions segment and 1% in our Professional Services segment, partially offset by a decline of 42% in our Hosted Business segment. We measure revenue growth as it relates to the cloud-based products and solutions that are central to our Alight Worklife platform and next generation product suite, BPaaS Solutions. These products capitalize on our robust data combined with AI & analytics to deliver greater employee engagement and employer outcomes. BPaaS products and services span across both the Employer Solutions and Professional Services segments. We recorded BPaaS revenue of $203 million and $187 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021 and Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. For the combined year ended December 31, 2021, BPaaS revenue of $390 million represents growth of 17% compared to the Predecessor prior year period.

In addition, we also consider BPaaS bookings, defined as total contract value for BPaaS customer agreements executed in the period, to be a key indicator of future revenue growth and used as a metric of commercial activity by management and investors. BPaaS bookings were $322 million and $280 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021 and the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. For the combined year ended December 31, 2021, BPaaS bookings of $602 million represents growth of 128%, compared to the Predecessor prior year period.

Recurring revenues were $1,299 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $1,130 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $2,231 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Recurring revenues were $2,429 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an increase of $198 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 9%, related to growth in both Employer Solutions and Professional Services, partially offset by a decline in the Hosted Business. Growth in Employer Solutions is a result of higher revenues related to acquisition activity, increased volumes, increases in Net Commercial Activity and transitions from our Hosted Business to cloud-based services. Growth in Professional Services is a result of increases in Net Commercial Activity.

Project revenues were $255 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $231 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $497 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Project revenues were $486 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects a decrease of $11 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 2%, related to a decline in Professional Services, partially offset by growth in Employer Solutions.

In addition, a majority of our revenue is generated in the U.S., which reflected 93% of the total revenue increase for the combined year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the Predecessor prior year period.

Cost of Services, exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization

Cost of services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization were $1,001 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $888 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $1,829 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Cost of services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization were $1,889 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an increase of $60 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 3%, primarily driven by higher costs related to growth in current and future revenues, including investments in key resources and increases related to our recent acquisitions in the fourth quarter of 2021, partially offset by lower expenses related to productivity initiatives, including the impact of lower restructuring related costs and $21 million of lower costs in the Hosted business as clients transition to cloud-based services.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $304 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $222 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $461 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $526 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an increase of $65 million, or 14%, primarily driven by compensation expenses related to awards issued in the third quarter of 2021 and non-recurring professional expenses related to costs incurred in relation to the Business Combination completed in the third quarter of 2021, partially offset by lower expenses related to productivity initiatives, including the impact of lower restructuring related costs.

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Depreciation and Intangible Amortization

Depreciation and intangible amortization expenses were $163 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $111 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $226 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Depreciation and intangible amortization expenses were $274 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an increase of $48 million, or 21%, primarily driven by amortization related to the identifiable intangible assets acquired in conjunction with the Business Combination completed in the third quarter of 2021 and acquisitions completed during the fourth quarter of 2021.

Loss from Change in Fair Value of Financial Instruments

A loss from a change in the fair value of financial instruments of $65 million was recorded for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021. We are required to revalue the financial instruments at the end of each reporting period and reflect a gain or loss for the change in fair value of the financial instruments in the period the change occurred. We did not have outstanding financial instruments in the Predecessor periods prior to the Business Combination.

Change in Tax Receivable Agreement

A gain from the change in the fair value of the tax receivable agreement of $37 million was recorded for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021. The revaluation gain is due to changes in the discount rate and the Company's assumptions related to the timing of the utilization of the tax attributes during the term of the TRA, which we are required to revalue at the end of each reporting period. We did not have a tax receivable agreement in the Predecessor period prior to the Business Combination.

Interest Expense

Interest expenses were $57 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $123 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $234 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Interest expenses were $180 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects a decrease of $54 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 23%, primarily due to the redemption of our Unsecured Senior Notes and partial paydown of the Term Loan in conjunction with the Business Combination completed during the third quarter of 2021. See Note 8 “Debt” for further information.

Loss before Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Loss before income tax expense (benefit) was $23 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $30 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $94 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Loss before income tax expense (benefit) was $53 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of $41 million compared to $94 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020, due to the drivers identified above.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax expense was $25 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, income tax benefit was $5 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021, and income tax expense was $9 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. The effective tax rate of (109%) for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021 is lower than the 21% U.S. statutory corporate income tax rate primarily due to the Company's organizational structure and the noncontrolling interest associated with the portion of Alight Holdings income not allocable to the Company. The effective tax rate of 17% for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 was primarily driven by foreign and state income taxes payable in jurisdictions where the Company had operations that generated operating income. See Note 7 “Income Taxes” for further information.

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Predecessor) Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (Predecessor)

Revenue

Revenues were $2,728 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $2,552 million for the Predecessor prior year period. The increase of $176 million reflects growth of 10% and 29% in our Employer Solutions and Professional Services segments, respectively, partially offset by a decline of 61% in our Hosted Business segment. We measure revenue growth as it relates to the cloud-based products and solutions that are central to our Alight Worklife platform and next generation product suite, BPaaS Solutions. These products capitalize on our robust data combined with AI & analytics to deliver greater employee engagement and employer outcomes. BPaaS products and services span across both the Employer Solutions and

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Professional Services segments. For the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded BPaaS revenue of $334 million, which represents growth of 111%.

Recurring revenues increased by $158 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 8%, from $2,073 million to $2,231 million and are related to growth in both Employer Solutions and Professional Services, partially offset by a decline in the Hosted Business. Project revenues increased by $18 million, or 4%, from $479 million to $497 million and are related to growth in Professional Services, partially offset by a decline in Employer Solutions.

Cost of Services, exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization

Cost of services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization increased $210 million, or 13%, for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the Predecessor prior year period. The increase was primarily driven by $245 million of additional costs associated with the growth in revenues, including the impact of increases related to our recent acquisitions and $21 million of costs related to the restructuring plan initiated in 2019, partially offset by $53 million of lower costs in the Hosted business as clients transition to cloud-based services.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $46 million, or 11%, for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the Predecessor prior year period. The increase was primarily driven by $56 million of costs related to the restructuring plan initiated in 2019, partially offset by $13 million non-recurring professional expenses related to costs incurred in respect of our postponed initial public offering in 2019.

Depreciation and Intangible Amortization

Depreciation and intangible amortization expenses increased $23 million, or 11%, for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the Predecessor prior year period. The increase was primarily driven by amortization related to the identifiable intangible assets acquired during the second half of 2019.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $10 million, or 4%, for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the Predecessor prior year period. The increase was primarily due to incremental interest associated with the additional unsecured and secured senior notes issued in 2020, partially offset by lower interest expense on our Term Loan due to movement in market rates. See Note 8 “Debt” for further information.

Loss before Income Tax Expense

Loss before income tax expense was a loss of $94 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $132 million compared to income of $38 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2019, due to the drivers identified above.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense decreased $7 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the Predecessor prior year period, from $16 million to $9 million. The effective tax rate for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 was approximately (10)% and was primarily driven by foreign and state income taxes payable in jurisdictions where the Company had operations that generated operating income. See Note 7 “Income Taxes” for further information.

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Segment Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA

Employer Solutions Segment Results

Employer Solutions Segment Results of Operations for the Combined Year Ended December 31, 2021 (Successor and Predecessor) Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Predecessor)

Employer Solutions Revenue

Employer Solutions total revenues were $1,347 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $1,156 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $2,288 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. We experienced annual revenue retention rates of 97% and 96% in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Employer Solutions total revenues were $2,503 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an overall increase of $215 million over the Predecessor prior year period due to an increase of recurring revenues of $211 million, or 10%, as a result of approximately $123 million of revenue primarily related to the Retiree acquisition, increased volumes, increases in Net Commercial Activity and transitions from our Hosted Business to cloud-based services, and an increase in project revenues of $4 million, or 2%.

Employer Solutions Gross Profit

Employer Solutions Gross Profit was $489 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $392 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $725 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Employer Solutions Gross Profit was $881 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021 which reflects an increase of $156 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 22%, primarily due to revenue growth as discussed above and lower expenses related to productivity initiatives, including the impact of lower restructuring related costs, partially offset by increases in costs associated with growth of current and future revenues.

Employer Solutions Adjusted EBITDA

Employer Solutions Adjusted EBITDA was $344 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $274 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $533 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Employer Solutions Adjusted EBITDA was $618 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an increase of $85 million over the Predecessor prior year period, primarily due to revenue growth as discussed above, partially offset by increases in costs associated with growth of current and future revenues, including investments in our commercial functions and technology.

Employer Solutions Segment Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Predecessor) Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (Predecessor)

Employer Solutions Revenue

Employer Solutions total revenues were $2,288 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $2,084 million for the Predecessor prior year period. We experienced annual revenue retention rates of 96% and 98% in 2020 and 2019. The overall increase of $204 million was due to an increase of recurring revenues of $217 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 12%, from $1,834 million to $2,051 million as a result of approximately $210 million of revenue related to material acquisitions, partially offset by a decrease in project revenues of $13 million, or 5%, from $250 million to $237 million primarily related to client project delays as a result of COVID-19.

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Employer Solutions Gross Profit

Employer Solutions Gross Profit was $725 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $767 million for the Predecessor prior year period. The decrease of $42 million was due to primarily due to higher costs related to our recent acquisitions, which outpaced revenue growth as discussed.

Employer Solutions Adjusted EBITDA

Employer Solutions Adjusted EBITDA was $533 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $554 million for the Predecessor prior year period. The decrease of $21 million was primarily due to higher costs related to our recent acquisitions, which outpaced revenue growth as discussed above.

Professional Services Segment Results

Professional Services Segment Results of Operations for the Combined Year Ended December 31, 2021 (Successor and Predecessor) Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Predecessor)

Professional Services Revenue

Professional Services total revenues were $186 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $184 million for the Predecessor six months June 30, 2021 and $368 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Professional Services total revenues were $370 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects an overall increase of $2 million over the Predecessor prior year period, due to an increase of recurring revenues of $17 million, or 16%, as a result of increases in Net Commercial Activity, partially offset by a decrease in project revenues of $15 million, or 6%.

Professional Services Gross Profit

Professional Services Gross Profit was $44 million for the Successor six months ended December 31, 2021, $46 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $106 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Professional Services Gross Profit was $90 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021, which reflects a decrease of $16 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 15%, primarily due to increases in costs associated with growth of current and future revenues, including investments in key resources, partially offset by revenue growth as discussed above.

Professional Services Adjusted EBITDA

Professional Services Adjusted EBITDA was $1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2021, $7 million for the Predecessor six months ended June 30, 2021 and $31 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020. Professional Services Adjusted EBITDA was $8 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2021 which reflects a decrease of $23 million over the Predecessor prior year period, primarily due to increases in costs associated with growth of current and future revenues, including investments in our commercial functions, partially offset by revenue growth as discussed above.

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Professional Services Segment Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Predecessor) Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (Predecessor)

Professional Services Revenue

Professional Services total revenues were $368 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $285 million for the Predecessor prior year period. The overall increase of $83 million was due to an increase of recurring revenues of $52 million over the Predecessor prior year period, or 93%, from $56 million to $108 million as a result of increases in Net Commercial Activity and approximately $43 million of revenue related to material acquisitions and an increase in project revenues of $31 million, or 14%, from $229 million to $260 million.

Professional Services Gross Profit

Professional Services Gross Profit was $106 million for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $68 million for the Predecessor prior year period. The increase of $38 million was primarily due revenue growth, partially offset by increases in costs associated with growth of revenues as discussed above.