Ameritrust Corp - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

OR

For the transition period from                          to                        .

Commission file number: 000-53371

AMERITRUST CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes[ X]  No[ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No[ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act): Yes [ ] No [X]

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

The Registrant has 7,239,573,961,951 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 07, 2021.

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2021

INDEX

NOTE ON FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

You should keep in mind the following points as you read this Report on Form 10-Q:

The terms "we," "us," "our," or the "Company" refer to Ameritrust Corporation.

This Report on Form 10-Q contains statements which, to the extent they do not recite historical fact, constitute "forward looking" statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward looking statements are used under the caption "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation," and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You can identify these statements by the use of words like "may," "will," "could," "should," "project," "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "plan," "estimate," "forecast," "potential," "intend," "continue," and variations of these words or comparable words. Forward looking statements do not guarantee future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ substantially from the results that the forward looking statements suggest for various reasons. These forward looking statements are made only as of the date of this Report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake to update or revise the forward looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated unaudited financial statements

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated unaudited financial statements

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated unaudited financial statements

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONCISE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2021

Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2021

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated unaudited financial statements

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

Ameritrust Corporation is a real estate holding, development and operation company, and looking for real estate investment. The goal is to acquire, hold, develop and operate commercial real estate. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ameritrust Corporation, Beespoke Capital Colorado, Inc. and four subsidiaries (entities), namely Liaoning Pacific Industrial Co., Ltd., Panjin Pacific Real Estate Co., Ltd., Shenyang Haojingxiang Real Estate Co., Ltd. and Fushun Fortune Plaza Real Estate Co., Ltd. All inter-company accounts, transactions and balances have been eliminated in the merger.

The consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the accounting principles related to jointly controlled transactions. ASC 805-50 manages transactions between jointly controlled entities. ASC 805, Business Combination, clearly defines the common control transaction scope of business combination (ASC 805-10-15-4). ASC 805-10-20 defines business combination as a transaction in which the acquirer gains control, which is different from the combination of two entities controlled by the same person, because neither entity can gain control of the other entity.

On August 28, 2020, Ameritrust and Gryphon, two entities under common control, merged. The transaction does not meet the definition of a business combination.

Our common stock trades on the OTC PINK Marketplace under the ticker symbol "ATCC" (formerly "GRYO").

The recording currency of the company is US dollar and the reporting currency is US dollar.

On August 28, 2020, Ameritrust and Gryphon, two entities under common control, merged. The transaction does not meet the definition of a business combination. 

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, which consist of normal recurring adjustments and transactions or events discretely impacting the interim periods, considered necessary by management to fairly state our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. The operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2020 Form 10-K.

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, which will affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the company evaluates its estimates. As more information becomes available, actual results may differ significantly from estimates.

Our estimates include the valuation of goodwill, the selection of the estimated useful life of real estate and the valuation of deferred income tax assets.

Fair value measurements

According to the input of asset or liability valuation model, FASB's authoritative guide to fair value measurement establishes a three-level structure. The first level input refers to the quoted price of the same asset in the active market; the second level input is the important observable input; the third level input is the important unobservable input.

If available, the company uses quoted prices from active markets to determine fair value. Non-financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis mainly include goodwill and real estate assets. When events and circumstances indicate that the book value cannot be recovered, the company will review the impairment indicators of these assets.

Due to the short-term nature and liquidity of these instruments, the book values of cash and accounts payable are close to their fair values. The management believes that the company has no significant interest or credit risk arising from these financial instruments.

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Cash

Cash consists of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less. Sometimes, the company's deposits with financial institutions exceed the federal insurance limit.

Developing real estate

Real estate includes residential land under development. Real estate under construction is valued at the lower of cost and fair value.

Land development expenditure, including land use right cost, deed tax, early development cost, project cost, etc., excluding depreciation, is capitalized according to individual identification method and allocated to development projects.

When the book value exceeds the fair value, the real estate under development will be subject to valuation adjustment. Only when the book value of the asset is not recoverable and exceeds the fair value, the impairment loss is recognized. If the book value exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset, the book value is not recoverable. The company reviews the future losses and impairments of all real estate projects by comparing the estimated future undiscounted cash flow of each project with the book value of the project.

Goodwill

Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Judgments regarding indicators of potential impairment are based on market conditions and operational performance of the business.

The Company may assess its goodwill for impairment initially using a qualitative approach to determine whether conditions exist to indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If management concludes, based on its assessment of relevant events, facts and circumstances that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's carrying value is greater than its fair value, then a goodwill impairment charge is recognized for the amount in excess, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired and no further testing is required. If determined to be impaired, an impairment charge is recorded as a general and administrative expense within the Company's consolidated statement of operations.

Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 which amended the previous guidance for lease accounting and related disclosure requirements. The new guidance requires the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for leases with terms greater than 12 months or leases that contain a purchase option that is reasonably certain to be exercised. Lessees are required to classify leases as either financing or operating leases. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

The Company elected to utilize the package of practical expedients in ASC 842-10-65-1(f) that, upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, allows entities to (1) not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases, (2) retain the classification of leases (e.g., operation or finance lease) existing at the date of adoption and (3) not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 using the modified retrospective method, and accordingly, the new guidance was applied to leases that existed as of December 31, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 did not have a material impact on the Company's balance sheet, results of operations or cash flows. The Company leases a vehicle used for business. The lease expires in August 2023.

Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity

The Company relies on the guidance provided by ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, to classify certain convertible instruments. The Company first determines whether a financial instrument should be classified as a liability. The Company determines a liability classification if the financial instrument is mandatorily redeemable, or if the financial instrument, other than outstanding shares, embodies a conditional obligation that the Company must or may settle by issuing a variable number of its equity shares.

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480, "Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity," and ASC 815.

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Income Taxes

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of net operating loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current enacted tax rates. The Company records an estimated valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is not more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will be realized.

When assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income in future periods and in the jurisdictions in which those temporary differences become deductible. The Company records a valuation allowance when it determines it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon estimates of future results. Differences between the anticipated and actual outcomes of these future results could have a material impact on the Company's consolidated results of operations or financial position. Also, changes in existing federal and state tax laws and tax rates could affect future tax results and the valuation of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recognized in the consolidated financial statements as a component of income tax expense. Significant judgment is required to evaluate uncertain tax positions. The Company evaluates its uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. The evaluations are based upon a number of factors, including changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, correspondence with tax authorities during the course of audits and effective settlement of audit issues. Changes in the recognition or measurement of uncertain tax positions could result in increases or decreases in the Company's income tax expense in the period in which the change is made.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The Company's convertible notes are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as they are anti-dilutive due to the Company's losses during those periods.

Business Combinations

The March 31, 2021 consolidated financial statements present the combined operations of Ameritrust and Gryphon beginning on March 25, 2020, which is the date a Change of Control effected a new beginning of period. 

Pending Accounting Standards

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"), which amends disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. This amendment modifies the valuation process of fair value measurements by removing the disclosure requirements for the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements, clarifying the timing of the measurement uncertainty disclosure, and including the changes in unrealized gains and losses for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in other comprehensive income if held at the end of the reporting period. It also allows the disclosure of other quantitative information in lieu of the weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and should be applied prospectively for the most recent period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on the Company's results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"), which modifies ASC 740 to reduce complexity while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. ASU 2019-12 is effective for the Company for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently assessing the impact of ASU 2019-12, but it is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statement.

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Note 3. Cash and cash equivalents

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the consolidated balance sheet to the total amount shown in the consolidated cash flow statement:

Note 4. Real estate under development and completed

Note 5. Goodwill

When events and circumstances indicate that the book value cannot be recovered, the company measures goodwill at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

As of March 31, 2021, such assets or liabilities do not need to be regularly measured at fair value.

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Note 6. Long term equity investment

Note 7. Income tax

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax impact of net operating loss and credit carry forward, as well as the temporary differences between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current promulgated tax rates. If the possibility of realization of the deferred income tax assets is not great, the company records the estimated valuation allowance of the deferred income tax assets.

When evaluating the variability of deferred income tax assets, the management considers whether some or all of the deferred income tax assets are more likely to be unrealized. The realization of deferred income tax assets depends on the generation of sufficient taxable income in the future period and in the jurisdiction where these temporary differences can be deducted. When the company determines that part of the deferred income tax assets are likely to be unrealized, the company records the valuation allowance.

The accounting of deferred income tax is based on the estimation of future results. The difference between the expected and actual results of these future results may have a significant impact on the company's comprehensive operating results or financial position. In addition, changes in current federal and state tax laws and rates may affect future tax results and the valuation of the company's deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits are recognized as part of income tax expenses in the consolidated financial statements. Assessing an uncertain tax situation requires significant judgment. The company assesses its uncertain tax position on a quarterly basis. Assessment is based on many factors, including changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax laws, correspondence with tax authorities during the audit process, and effective solutions to audit problems. Changes in the recognition or measurement of uncertain tax status may result in an increase or decrease in corporate income tax expenses during the change period.

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES WITH DEVELOPING PROPERTIES

PROFORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Item 1. Proforma consolidated financial statements

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021

(All amounts stated in US$, except for number of shares data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS/INCOME

For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021

(ALL amounts stated in US$, except for number of shares data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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AMERITRUST CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' DEFICIT

For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021

(ALL amounts stated in US$, except for number of shares data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Description of the Pro Forma Financial Statements

For The Years Ended December 2018, 2019, 2020 and March, 2021

1. Background information of business and organization

Liaoning Pacific Industrial Co., Ltd (“LPIC”) was incorporated on January 16, 1996 located at No. 1998, Zhonghua Road, Heping District, Shenyang City. LPIC is engaged in the field of real estate development and sale of commercial housing, design and construction of security technology and hotel management. On April 22, 2020, Ameritrust Corporation, a Georgia Corporation, has signed share exchange agreement with LPIC by issuing 169,971,671 shares of common stock in exchange of LPIC’s all outstanding shares.

Panjin Pacific Real Estate Co., Ltd., (“PPRE”) was incorporated on July 31, 2014 located at No. 36 Shifu Street, Xinglongtai District, Panjin City. PPRE is engaged in the field of real estate development; sales of commercial houses; interior and exterior decoration design and construction. On April 22, 2020, Ameritrust Corporation, a Georgia Corporation, has signed share exchange agreement with PPRE by issuing 141,643,059 shares of common stock in exchange of PPRE’s all outstanding shares.

Shenyang Haojingxiang Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“SHRE”) was incorporated on 23, 2016 located at No. 644, Minglian Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang City. SHRE is engaged in the field of power engineering construction, highway engineering, bridge engineering, indoor and outdoor decoration engineering design and construction. On April 22, 2020, Ameritrust Corporation, a Georgis Corporation, has signed share exchange agreement with SHRE by issuing 118,035,883 shares of common stock in exchange of SHRE’s all outstanding shares.

Fushun Fortune Plaza Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“FFPRE”) was established on September 11, 2018 located at No. 4 store, Building 100, Gaoshan Road, Shuncheng District, Fushun City, Liaoning Province. FFPRE is engaged in the field of real estate development, sales, property management, real estate development, commercial housing sales and house rental. On April 22, 2020, Ameritrust Corporation, a Georgis Corporation, has signed share exchange agreement with FFPRE by issuing 141,643,059 shares of common stock in exchange of FFPRE’s all outstanding shares.

2.Summary of significant accounting policies

(a) The Group and basis of presentation and consolidation

The four entities (collectively, the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the Group's operations are conducted in the PRC. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP"). All inter-company transactions and balances between the companies have been eliminated upon consolidation.

The accompanying financial statements are presented on the basis that the Group is a going concern. The going concern assumption contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.

The Group incurred net loss of US$976,989 (December 31, 2020: US$4,167,098; December 31, 2019: 2,710,348; December 31, 2018: US$6,218,885) and net cash used in operating activities of US$1,014,102,473(December 31, 2020: 998,856; December 31, 2019: US$63,402,201; December 31, 2018: US$12,909,118) during the year ended March 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2021, the Group had net current liability of US$666,313,506(December 31, 2020: 662,833,948; December 31, 2019: US$167,574,200; December 31, 2018: US$258,077,781) and equity of US$70,667,057,268 (December 31, 2020: 70,657,551,201; December 31, 2019: US$70,544,533,881; December 31, 2018: US$-139,214,523).

The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Group’s profit generating operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. Therefore, there is substantial doubt about the ability of the entity to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. In light of management’s efforts, there are no assurances that the Group will be successful in this or any of its endeavors or become financially viable and continue as a going concern. The Group expects to finance operations primarily through capital contributions from the shareholders. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern.

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(b )Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the selection of the useful lives of property and equipment and finance lease, allowance for doubtful amount associated with accounts receivables, other receivables, contract assets and advances to suppliers,  fair values of the purchase  price allocation with respect to business combinations, progress towards the completion  of the performance obligation, accounting for the impairment of real estate properties under development, real estate properties held  for lease and long-term investments and provision necessary for contingent liabilities. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

(c) Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from related parties, other receivables, long-term investments, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, short- term bank borrowings and due to related parties. The carrying amounts of the aforementioned financial instruments, mainly long-term investments. Long-term investment has no quoted market prices and it is not practicable to estimate their fair value without incurring excessive costs. The Group reviews the investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may no longer be recoverable.

For long-term investments other than those accounted for under the equity method or those that result in consolidation of the investee, the Group measures equity investments at fair value and recognizes any changes in fair value in net income. However, for equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values and do not qualify for the existing practical expedient in ASC 820 to estimate fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) of the investment, the Group chose to measure those investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. At each reporting date, the Group is required to make a qualitative assessment as to whether equity investments without a readily determinable fair value for which the measurement alternative is elected is impaired. In the event that a qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than the carrying value, the carrying value is written down to its fair value. A variety of factors are considered when determining if a decline in fair value is below carrying value, including, among others, the financial condition and prospects of the investee.

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1-Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets

Level 2-Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place

Level 3-Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

ASC 820 describes three main approaches for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

In accordance with ASC 820, investment in marketable equity securities and investment in real estate investment trusts ("REITs") classified as is within Level 1 as the Group measures the fair value using quoted trading prices that are published on a regular basis, and investment in equity securities in unlisted companies categorized as Level 3 is measured at fair value using alternative method, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price in orderly transactions.

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(d) Foreign currency translation

The Group's financial information is presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the entities of the Group located in the PRC is Renminbi ("RMB"), the currency of the PRC. The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters. The PRC entities’ financial information is first prepared in RMB and then is translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates as to assets and liabilities and average exchange rates as to revenue and expenses. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred.

The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation.

(e) Cash and cash equivalents

The Group considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Group maintains bank accounts mainly in the PRC. The vast majority of the PRC bank balances are denominated in RMB.

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with various state-owned and private banks within the PRC. Total cash in banks (excluding restricted cash), of which the vast majority of deposits are not covered by insurance.

(f) Restricted cash

The Group is required to maintain certain deposits with banks that provide banking facilities.

As of March 31, 2021, the Group held US$12,606,926 (December 31, 2019: US$ 11,489,200, December 31, 2018: nil) in its bank accounts with withdrawal restriction for its Note Payables.

(g) Real estate properties development completed and under development

Real estate properties completed and under development consist of residential unit sites and commercial offices. The Group leases the land for the residential unit sites under land use right leases with various terms from the PRC government. Real estate properties development completed and under development are stated at the lower of carrying amounts or fair value less selling costs.

Expenditures for land development, including cost of land use rights, deed tax, pre-development costs and engineering costs, are capitalized and allocated to development projects by the specific identification method. Costs are allocated to specific units within a project based on the ratio of the sales value of units to the estimated total sales value times the total project costs.

Costs of amenities transferred to buyers are allocated as common costs of the project that are allocated to specific units as a component of total construction costs. For amenities retained by the Group, costs in excess of the related fair value of the amenities are also treated as common costs. Results of operations of amenities retained by the Group are included in the current operating results.

In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment ("ASC 360"), real estate property development completed and under development are subject to valuation adjustments when the carrying amount exceeds fair value. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of the assets is not recoverable and exceeds fair value.  The carrying amount is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets.

When the profitability of a current project deteriorates due to a slowdown in the sales pace, reduction of pricing or some other factor, this indicates that there may be a possible future loss on delivery and possible impairment in the recoverability of the assets. Accordingly, the assets of such project are subsequently reviewed for future losses and impairment by comparing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows for the project to the carrying value of such project. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset's carrying value, such deficit will be charged as a future loss and the asset will then be written down to its estimated fair value.

The Group determines estimated fair value primarily by discounting the estimated future cash flows relating to the asset. In estimating the cash flows for a project, the Group uses various factors including (a) the expected pace at which the planned number of units will be sold, based on competitive market conditions, historical trends in sales pace and actual average selling prices of similar product offerings and any other long or short-term economic conditions which may impact the market in which the project is located; (b) the estimated net sales prices expected to be attained based on the current market conditions and historical price trends, as well as any estimated increases in future sales prices based upon the projected rate of unit sales, the estimated time gap between presale and expected delivery, the impact of government policies, the local and regional competitive environment, and certain external factors such as the opening of a subway line, school or factory; and (c) the expected costs to be incurred in the future by the Group, including, but not limited to, construction cost, construction overhead, sales and marketing, sales taxes and interest costs.

The Group's determination of fair value requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate commensurate with the inherent risk associated with the assets and related estimated cash flows. The discount rate used in determining each project's fair value depends on the stage of development, location and other specific factors that increase or decrease the risk associated with the estimated cash flows.

For the periods presented, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties completed and under development.

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(h) Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Group also elected to exclude sales taxes and other similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price. Therefore, revenues are recognized net of business tax, value added taxes ("VAT").

Real estate sales

Revenues arising from real estate sales are recognized when or as the control of the asset is transferred to the customer. Depending on the terms of the contract and the laws that apply to the contract, control of the asset may transfer over time or at a point in time.

For real estate sales contracts for which the Group has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, revenue is recognized over time by measuring the progress towards complete satisfaction of that performance obligation. Otherwise, revenue is recognized at a point in time when the customer obtains the physical possession, the legal title, or the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the assets and the Group has present right to payment and the collection of the consideration is probable. The progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is measured based on the Group's efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of the performance obligation, by reference to the contract costs incurred up to the end of reporting period as a percentage of total estimated costs for each contract.

Generally, the Group receives short-term advances from its customers for real estate sales. Using the practical expedient, the Group does    not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of the promised good or service to the customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less. The Group also receives long-term advances from customers for real estate sales. The transaction price for such contracts   is adjusted for the effects of a financing component, if long-term advances from customers is assessed as significant at the individual contract level.

Real estate management lease income

Real estate lease income is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the tenancy agreements. For real estate leases, these contracts are treated as leases for accounting purposes, rather than contracts with customers subject to ASC 606.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Group has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Group transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognized when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). The Group's contract liabilities are comprised of customer deposits, which are recognized as revenue when the Group performs under the contract.

The following table presents the Group's contract balances as of December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021:

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(i) Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable represents the Group's right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e. only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). The Group's account receivable consists of balances due from customers for the sale of residential units and lease income in the PRC. These balances are unsecured, bear no interest and are due within a year.

Accounts receivable are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. As of March 31, 2021, there was no allowance for doubtful accounts (nil, December 31, 2020; December 31, 2019: nil, December 31, 2018: nil).

(j) Other receivables

Other receivables consist of various cash advances to unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships.

Other receivables are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances becomes doubtful. As of March 31, 2021, there was no allowance for doubtful accounts (nil, December 31, 2020; December 31, 2019: nil, December 31, 2018: nil)

(k) Deposits for land use rights

Deposits for land use rights consist of upfront cash payments made to local land bureaus to secure land use rights under executed short-term or long-term land framework cooperation agreements or land use rights agreements.

Deposits for land use rights are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no impairment losses for any periods presented.

(l) Advances to suppliers

Advances to suppliers consist of amounts paid to contractors and vendors for services and materials that have not been provided or received and generally relate to the development and construction of residential or commercial units in the PRC. Advances to suppliers are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if it is doubtful that the services and materials can be provided. As of December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021, there was no allowance provided.

(m) Customer deposits

Customer deposits consist of sales proceeds received from customers from the sale of residential or commercial units in the PRC. In the PRC, customers will generally obtain financing for the purchase of their residential or commercial unit prior to the completion of the project. The Group receives these funds and recognizes them as a customer deposit current liability until the revenue can be recognized.

(n) Notes payable and other payables

Notes payable represents short-term bank acceptance notes issued by financial institutions that entitle the holder to receive the stated amount from the financial institutions at the maturity date of the notes. The Group has utilized notes payable to settle amounts owed to suppliers and contractors. The notes payable is non-interest bearing and is normally settled within six months. Notes payable was US$356,643, US$22,978,400 and US$24,521,449, US$24,521,448.60 as of December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021, respectively.

(o) Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows:

Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred unless such expenditures extend the useful life or represent a betterment, in which case they are capitalized.

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(p) Income taxes

The Group accounts for income tax using the balance sheet method. Deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as unutilized net operating losses. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Group is able to realize their benefits, or that future utilization is uncertain.

Late payment interests and penalties arising from underpayment of income taxes is recognized according to the relevant tax law. The amount of interest expense to be recognized is computed by applying the applicable statutory rate of interest to the difference between the tax position recognized and the amount previously taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Interest recognized in accordance with ASC 740-10, Income Tax ("ASC 740-10") is classified in the consolidated financial statements as interest expense, while penalties recognized in accordance with this interpretation are classified in the consolidated financial statements as other expenses.

In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, the Group recognizes in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if a tax return's position or future tax position is "more likely than not" to prevail (defined as a likelihood of more than fifty percent of being sustained upon audit, based on the technical merits of the tax position). Tax positions that meet the "more likely than not" threshold are measured (using a probability weighted approach) at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Group's estimated liability for unrecognized tax benefits is periodically assessed for adequacy and may be affected by changing interpretations of laws, rulings by tax authorities, certain changes and/or developments with respect to audits, and expiration of the statute of limitations. The outcome for a particular audit cannot be determined with certainty prior to the conclusion of     the audit and, in some cases, appeal or litigation process. The actual benefits ultimately realized may differ from the Group's estimates. As each audit is concluded, adjustments, if any, are appropriately recorded in the Group's consolidated financial statements. Additionally, in future periods, changes in facts, circumstances, and new information may require the Group to adjust the recognition and measurement estimates with regards to individual tax positions. Changes in recognition and measurement estimates are recognized in the period in which the changes occur.

(q) Land Appreciation Tax ("LAT")

In accordance with the relevant taxation laws for real estate companies of the provinces in which the entities operate in the PRC, the local tax authorities levy LAT based on progressive rates ranging from 30% to 60% on the appreciation of land value, being the proceeds of sales of properties less deductible expenditures, generally including borrowing costs and relevant property development expenditures. LAT is generally prepaid based on a fixed percentage (varying by local tax jurisdiction) of customer deposits and is expensed when the related revenue is recognized.

(r) Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income is defined as the changes in equity of the Group during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, requires that all items that are required to be recognized under current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. For each of the periods presented, the Group's comprehensive income includes net income and foreign currency translation adjustments and is presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

(s) Leases

The Group adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”) from January 1, 2019.

As a lessor, the Group’s leases are classified as operating leases under ASC 842, and thus the pattern of recognition of real estate lease income remains unchanged from previous lease accounting guidance. Leases, in which the Group is the lessor, are substantially all accounted for as operating leases and the lease components and non-lease components are accounted for separately.

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(t) Segment Reporting

In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting, segment reporting is determined based on how the Group's chief operating decision maker reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the Group. However all four entities of the Group are operating in the Liaoning Province, which the property developments have similar expected economic characteristics, type of properties offering, customers and market and regulatory environment. Hence there is no segment report disclosed.

(u) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses ("ASU 2016-13"). The amendments in ASU 2016- 13 update guidance on reporting credit losses for financial assets. This ASU requires entities to measure credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will be required to recognize credit losses through an allowance for credit losses. These amendments affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. For public business entities that are U.S. SEC filers, ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Group is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements of adopting this guidance.

In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606. This update clarifies that certain transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement should be accounted for under ASC 606 when the counterparty is a customer and precludes an entity from presenting consideration from a transaction in a collaborative arrangement as revenue from contracts with customers if the counterparty is not a customer for that transaction. The update is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods therein, and early adoption is permitted for entities that have adopted ASC 606. This guidance should be applied retrospectively to the date of initial application of Topic 606. The Group does not believe the adoption of ASU 2018-18 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This update simplifies the accounting for income taxes as part of the FASB's overall initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The amendments include removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740, Income taxes, and simplification in several other areas such as accounting for a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income. The update is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods therein, and early adoption is permitted. Certain amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively or modified retrospectively, all other amendments should be applied prospectively. The Group is currently evaluating the impact on its financial statements of adopting this guidance.

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3. Other receivables

The following summarizes the details of other receivables:

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Other receivables primarily represent various cash advances to unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships and they are unsecured, non-interest bearing and due on demand.

4. Real estate properties development completed and under development

The following summarizes the components of real estate properties development completed and under development at December 31, 2018, 2019 and 2020:

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5. Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

(1) The details of the twenty-nine properties are listed below:

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As of December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021, the long-term investment consisted of the following:

7. Intangible Assets

Amortization expense for Land use right for the year ended March 31, 2021 amounted to US$-826,764 (2018: US$58,606; 2019: US$88,921).

Amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the land use rights. Estimated useful lives of the land use rights are between 20-32 years.

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8. Short-term bank loans and other debt

Short-term bank loans and other debt represent amounts due to various banks and financial institutions that are due on the dates indicated below. Short-term bank loans and other debt at December 31, 2018, 2019, 2020 and March 31, 2021 consisted of the following:

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9. Customer deposits

Advances for real estate properties comprise of amounts received from customers for the pre-sale of residential or commercial units in the PRC.

10. Income taxes

Corporate income tax ("CIT")

The Group's PRC entities are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 25% in accordance to the PRC corporate income tax laws and regulations.