ANI PHARMACEUTICALS INC - Quarter Report: 2008 March (Form 10-Q)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-Q
(Mark
one)
x
|
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13
OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
|
|
For
the quarterly period ended March 31,
2008
|
o
|
TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION
13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
|
|
For
the transition period from ___________ to
______________.
|
Commission
File Number 001-31812
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
58-2301143
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
incorporation
or organization)
|
(IRS
Employer Identification Number)
|
111
Barclay Boulevard
Lincolnshire,
Illinois 60069
(Address
of principal executive offices)
(847)
478-0500
(Registrant’s
telephone number including area code)
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. YES x
NO o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). (Check one):
Large
accelerated filer o
|
Accelerated
filer x
|
Non-accelerated
filer (Do not check if smaller reporting
company) o
|
Smaller
reporting company o
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES o NO
x
As of May
9, 2008, 26,798,607 shares of common stock and 391,286 shares of class C special
stock of the registrant were outstanding.
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
FORM
10-Q
MARCH
31, 2008
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Description
|
Page
|
|
PART
I.
|
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
|
ITEM
1.
|
Condensed
Financial Statements (unaudited)
|
|
Condensed
Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007
|
3
|
|
Condensed
Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and
2007
|
4
|
|
Condensed
Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and
2007
|
5
|
|
Notes
to the Condensed Financial Statements
|
6-13
|
|
ITEM
2.
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
|
14
|
ITEM
3.
|
Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
25
|
ITEM
4.
|
Controls
and Procedures
|
26
|
PART
II.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
27
|
ITEM
1.
|
Legal
Proceedings
|
27
|
ITEM
1A.
|
Risk
Factors
|
27
|
ITEM
2.
|
Unregistered
Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
|
28
|
ITEM
3.
|
Defaults
Upon Senior Securities
|
28
|
ITEM
4.
|
Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
|
28
|
ITEM
5.
|
Other
Information
|
28
|
ITEM
6.
|
Exhibits
|
28
|
SIGNATURE
PAGE
|
29
|
|
Exhibit
Index
|
30
|
_____________
In
this report, references to “BioSante,” “the company,” “we,” “our” or “us,”
unless the context otherwise requires, refer to BioSante Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
We own or have the rights to use
various trademarks, trade names or service marks, including BioSante®, Elestrin™, LibiGel®, Bio-E-Gel®, Bio-E/P-Gel™, LibiGel-E/T™,
Bio-T-Gel™, The Pill-Plus™, BioVant™, NanoVant™, BioLook™, CAP-Oral™ and
BioAir™. This report also contains trademarks, trade names and
service marks that are owned by other persons or entities.
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
|
||||||||
Condensed
Balance Sheets
|
||||||||
March
31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (Unaudited)
|
||||||||
March
31,
|
December
31,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
|||||||
ASSETS
|
||||||||
CURRENT
ASSETS
|
||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ | 13,106,123 | $ | 15,648,948 | ||||
Short-term
investments
|
14,472,050 | 15,005,976 | ||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
30,218 | 14,566 | ||||||
Prepaid
expenses and other assets
|
336,156 | 337,420 | ||||||
27,944,547 | 31,006,910 | |||||||
PROPERTY
AND EQUIPMENT, NET
|
59,748 | 54,896 | ||||||
OTHER
ASSETS
|
||||||||
Investment
in MATC
|
140,000 | 140,000 | ||||||
Deposits
|
573,097 | 39,536 | ||||||
$ | 28,717,392 | $ | 31,241,342 | |||||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
||||||||
CURRENT
LIABILITIES
|
||||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$ | 2,301,248 | $ | 710,575 | ||||
Due
to licensor - Antares
|
6,932 | 1,063 | ||||||
Accrued
compensation
|
511,324 | 717,409 | ||||||
Other
accrued expenses
|
102,750 | 77,712 | ||||||
Deferred
revenue
|
4,545 | 9,091 | ||||||
2,926,799 | 1,515,850 | |||||||
STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY
|
||||||||
Capital
stock
|
||||||||
Issued
and outstanding
|
||||||||
2008
- 391,286; 2007 - 391,286 Class C special stock
|
391 | 391 | ||||||
2008
- 26,794,607; 2007 - 26,794,607 Common stock
|
84,500,322 | 84,206,583 | ||||||
84,500,713 | 84,206,974 | |||||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
|
(602,000 | ) | - | |||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(58,108,120 | ) | (54,481,482 | ) | ||||
25,790,593 | 29,725,492 | |||||||
$ | 28,717,392 | $ | 31,241,342 | |||||
See
accompanying notes to the condensed financial statements.
|
3
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
|
||||||||
Condensed
Statements of Operations
|
||||||||
Three
months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (Unaudited)
|
||||||||
Three
Months Ended
|
||||||||
March
31,
|
||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
|||||||
REVENUE
|
||||||||
Licensing
revenue
|
$ | 4,545 | $ | 34,091 | ||||
Grant
revenue
|
25,648 | 16,517 | ||||||
Royalty
revenue
|
15,404 | - | ||||||
Other
revenue
|
17,400 | - | ||||||
62,997 | 50,608 | |||||||
EXPENSES
|
||||||||
Research
and development
|
2,677,946 | 987,470 | ||||||
General
and administration
|
1,325,493 | 918,769 | ||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
9,773 | 32,916 | ||||||
4,013,212 | 1,939,155 | |||||||
OTHER
- Interest income
|
323,577 | 146,529 | ||||||
NET
LOSS BEFORE INCOME
|
||||||||
TAX
EXPENSE
|
(3,626,638 | ) | (1,742,018 | ) | ||||
INCOME
TAX EXPENSE
|
- | 75,000 | ||||||
NET
LOSS
|
$ | (3,626,638 | ) | $ | (1,817,018 | ) | ||
BASIC
AND DILUTED NET LOSS
|
||||||||
PER
SHARE (Note 3)
|
$ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | ||
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE NUMBER
|
||||||||
OF
SHARES OUTSTANDING
|
27,185,893 | 23,367,493 | ||||||
See
accompanying notes to the condensed financial statements.
|
4
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
|
||||||
Condensed
Statements of Cash Flows
|
||||||
Three
months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (Unaudited)
|
||||||
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||
2008
|
2007
|
|||||
CASH
FLOWS (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
|
||||||
Net
loss
|
$ | (3,626,638 | ) | $ | (1,817,018 | ) |
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to
|
||||||
net
cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
9,773 | 32,916 | ||||
Employee
& director stock-based compensation
|
258,775 | 220,798 | ||||
Stock
warrant expense - noncash
|
34,964 | - | ||||
Changes
in other assets and liabilities
|
||||||
affecting
cash flows from operations
|
||||||
Prepaid
expenses and other assets
|
(532,297 | ) | (8,405 | ) | ||
Accounts
receivable
|
(15,652 | ) | 6,995,818 | |||
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
1,409,626 | (1,697,155 | ) | |||
Provision
for contingencies
|
- | (137,647 | ) | |||
Due
to licensor - Antares
|
5,869 | - | ||||
Deferred
revenue
|
(4,546 | ) | (34,091 | ) | ||
Net
cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
(2,460,126 | ) | 3,555,216 | |||
CASH
FLOWS USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES
|
||||||
Purchase
of short term investments
|
(68,074 | ) | (60,988 | ) | ||
Purchase
of capital assets
|
(14,625 | ) | - | |||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(82,699 | ) | (60,988 | ) | ||
CASH
FLOWS PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES
|
||||||
Proceeds
from sale or conversion of shares
|
- | 142,662 | ||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
- | 142,662 | ||||
NET
(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
(2,542,825 | ) | 3,636,890 | |||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
||||||
AT
BEGINNING OF PERIOD
|
15,648,948 | 7,653,852 | ||||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD
|
$ | 13,106,123 | $ | 11,290,742 | ||
SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION
|
||||||
Other
information:
|
||||||
Unrealized
loss on available-for-sale securities, noncash
|
$ | 602,000 | $ | - | ||
Income
tax paid
|
$ | - | $ | 75,000 | ||
See
accompanying notes to the condensed financial statements.
|
5
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
FORM
10-Q
MARCH
31, 2008
NOTES
TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
1.
|
INTERIM
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
|
In the
opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements
contain all necessary adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, to
present fairly the financial position of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the
“Company”) as of March 31, 2008, the results of operations for the three months
ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, and the cash flows for the three months ended
March 31, 2008 and 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. Operating results for the
three month period ended March 31, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the
results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008.
These
unaudited interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction
with the financial statements and related notes contained in the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Correction
of Prior Period Presentation
Subsequent
to the issuance of the financial statements for the three months ended March 31,
2007 an error was identified in the presentation of expenses related to
stock-based compensation, which had been presented as a separate line item on
the face of the statements of operations, in order to include such amounts in
the relevant statement of operations captions to which the stock compensation
expense related. As a result, prior period statement of operations
reclassifications have been made as follows:
For the three months ended March
31, 2007:
Account
Description
|
As
Previously Reported
|
Impact
of Reclassification
|
As
Corrected
|
|||||||||
Research
and development expense
|
$ | 913,852 | $ | 73,618 | $ | 987,470 | ||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
771,589 | 147,180 | 918,769 | |||||||||
Stock
compensation expense
|
220,798 | (220,798 | ) | — |
2.
|
COMPREHENSIVE
LOSS
|
The
components of the Company’s comprehensive loss in the periods presented
are:
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
|||||||
Net
loss
|
$ | 3,626,638 | $ | 1,817,018 | ||||
Other
Comprehensive Loss:
|
||||||||
Unrealized
Loss on Available for Sale Securities
|
602,000 | - | ||||||
Comprehensive
Loss
|
$ | 4,228,638 | $ | 1,817,018 |
6
3.
|
BASIC
AND DILUTED NET LOSS PER SHARE
|
The basic
and diluted net loss per share is computed based on the weighted average number
of shares of common stock and class C special stock outstanding, all being
considered as equivalent of one another. Basic net loss per share is computed by
dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for
the reporting period. Diluted net loss per share is intended to
reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts
to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common
stock. Because the Company has incurred net losses from operations in
each of the periods presented, the Company’s outstanding options and warrants
are antidilutive; accordingly, there is no difference between basic and diluted
net loss per share amounts. The computation of diluted net loss per
share for the three months ended March 31, 2008 does not include options to
purchase an aggregate of 1,901,441 shares of common stock with exercise prices
ranging from $2.10 to $6.70 per share, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of
2,655,652 shares of common stock with exercise prices of $2.15 to $8.00 per
share, because of their antidilutive effect on net loss per
share. The computation of diluted net loss per share for the three
months ended March 31, 2007 does not include options to purchase an aggregate of
1,371,788 shares of common stock, with exercise prices ranging from $2.10 to
$6.70 per share, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,534,210 shares of
common stock, with exercise prices ranging from $2.15 to $7.00 per share,
because of their antidilutive effect on net loss per share.
4.
|
LICENSE
AGREEMENTS
|
In
November 2006, the Company entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with
Bradley Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Bradley”) for the marketing of Elestrin, the
Company’s estradiol gel, in the United States. Effective February 21,
2008, Nycomed US Inc. (“Nycomed”) completed its acquisition of Bradley. As a
result, all references to Bradley have been changed to Nycomed in these
condensed financial statements and the notes hereto. Upon execution
of the sublicense agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $3.5
million. In addition, Nycomed paid the Company $7.0 million and $3.5
million in the first and fourth quarters of 2007, respectively, both triggered
by the FDA approval of Elestrin in the U.S., which occurred in the fourth
quarter of 2006. The Company licenses the transdermal estradiol gel
formulation that is used in Elestrin from Antares Pharma IPL AG
(“Antares”). Under its license agreement with Antares, the Company is
obligated to pay Antares 25 percent of all licensing-related proceeds and a
portion of any associated royalties that the Company may receive. The
aggregate $14.0 million received from Nycomed (consisting of the following
amounts paid by Nycomed to the Company: $3.5 million in the fourth quarter of
2006, $7.0 million in the first quarter of 2007 and $3.5 million in the fourth
quarter of 2007) was recognized as revenue in 2006 since the entire $14.0
million was non-refundable, the Company had a contractual right to receive such
payments, the contract price was fixed, the collection of the resulting
receivable was reasonably assured and the Company had no further performance
obligations under the license agreement. Nycomed also agreed to pay
the Company additional payments of up to $40 million in the event certain
sales-based milestones are achieved, plus royalties on sales of
Elestrin. The Company is obligated to pay 25 percent of any
sales-based milestone payments and a specified portion of royalties to Antares,
which the Company recognizes as these payments are triggered, based on reported
levels of Elestrin sales.
Nycomed
commercially launched Elestrin in June 2007. The Company recognized
$15,404 and $69,353 in royalty revenue from sales of Elestrin during the three
months ended March 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2007, respectively,
which represent the gross royalty revenue received from Bradley and not the
Company’s corresponding obligation to pay Antares a portion of the royalties
received. No royalty revenue was recorded for the three months ended
March 31, 2007 as Elestrin was not launched by Nycomed until the second quarter
of 2007. Considering the poor sales performance of Elestrin in the
U.S. estrogen market and Nycomed’s focus in dermatology, the Company recently
approached Nycomed and currently is in discussions with Nycomed regarding
Nycomed’s promotion of Elestrin and the Company’s alternatives going forward,
including the possibility that the Company may reacquire the U.S. marketing
rights to the product.
7
5.
|
STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
|
The
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Plan (the “1998
Plan”) permits the grant of stock options and stock awards to its employees,
directors and consultants. As of March 31, 2008, 3,000,000 shares of
the Company’s common stock were authorized for issuance under the 1998 Plan and
735,086 remained available for future grants, in each case, subject to
adjustment as provided in the 1998 Plan. In March 2008, the Company’s
Board of Directors, subject to approval of the Company’s stockholders, adopted
the BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2008 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2008
Plan”). If approved by the Company’s stockholders, the 2008 Plan will
replace the 1998 Plan, which will be terminated with respect to future grants
upon the effectiveness of the 2008 Plan. The number of shares of the
Company’s common stock authorized for issuance under the 2008 Plan is 2,000,000,
subject to adjustment as provided in the 2008 Plan. None of the
shares of the Company’s common stock remaining available for grant under the
1998 Plan at the time of its termination will be carried forward for issuance
under the 2008 Plan.
The
Company believes that equity-based incentives, such as stock options, align the
interest of its employees, directors and consultants with those of its
stockholders. Options are granted with an exercise price equal to the
market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the
grant. Outstanding employee stock options generally vest ratably over
a period of time and have 10-year contractual terms. In certain
instances, stock options have been granted which were exercisable
immediately. Certain of the Company’s stock options have performance
condition-based vesting provisions which will result in expense when such
performance conditions have been satisfied. In these instances,
stock-based compensation expense was recognized on the grant date in an amount
equal to the fair value of the related options.
The
non-cash, stock-based compensation cost that was incurred by the Company in
connection with the 1998 Plan was $258,775 and $220,798 for the three months
ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. No income tax benefit
was recognized in the Company’s statement of operations for stock-based
compensation arrangements due to the Company’s net loss position.
The fair
value of each option grant has been estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The assumptions in the table
below reflect the weighted average of all stock options granted during the three
months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
|||||||
Expected
life in years
|
6.01
years
|
10
years
|
||||||
Annualized
volatility
|
67.65 | % | 71.00 | % | ||||
Discount
rate – bond equivalent yield
|
3.62 | % | 4.82 | % | ||||
Expected
dividend yield
|
0.00 | % | 0.00 | % |
8
The
Company uses a volatility rate calculation based on the closing price for its
common stock at the end of each calendar month as reported by the NASDAQ Global
Market (or The American Stock Exchange prior to November 5,
2007). Since the Company has a limited history with option exercises,
the expected life was set to the entire life of the option grant through the
fourth quarter of 2007. Beginning with options granted during the fourth quarter
2007, the Company began estimating the expected life of its options in a manner
consistent with SAB 107, and SAB 110 beginning January 1, 2008, which allows
companies to use a simplified method to estimate the life of options meeting
certain criteria. The Company believes that the use of the simplified method
provides a reasonable term for purposes of determining compensation costs for
these grants, and expects to use the simplified method to estimate the expected
life of future options for eligible grants. The discount rate used is
the yield on a United States Treasury note as of the grant date with a maturity
equal to the estimated life of the option. The Company has not in the
past issued a cash dividend, nor does it have any current plans to do so in the
future; therefore, an expected dividend yield of zero was used.
A summary
of activity under the 1998 Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2008 is
presented below:
Options
|
Option
Shares
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
||||||
Outstanding
December 31, 2007
|
1,427,191 | $ | 3.50 | |||||
Granted
|
474,250 | 3.52 | ||||||
Exercised
|
- | - | ||||||
Forfeited
or expired
|
- | - | ||||||
Outstanding
March 31, 2008
|
1,901,441 | $ | 3.51 | |||||
(weighted average contractual
term)
|
7.9
years
|
|||||||
Exercisable
at March 31, 2008
|
979,193 | $ | 3.37 | |||||
(weighted average contractual
term)
|
6.42 years
|
The
aggregate intrinsic values of the Company’s outstanding and exercisable options
as of March 31, 2008 and 2007 were $1,190,018 and $2,193,323,
respectively.
A summary
of the 1998 Plan’s non-vested options at December 31, 2007 and activity under
the Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2008 is presented
below:
Options
|
Option
Shares
|
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair-Value
|
||||||
Outstanding
December 31, 2007
|
656,333 | $ | 3.65 | |||||
Granted
|
474,250 | 3.52 | ||||||
Vested
|
(208,337 | ) | 3.27 | |||||
Forfeited
|
- | - | ||||||
Non-Vested
at March 31, 2008
|
922,246 | $ | 3.65 |
As of
March 31, 2008, there was $2,044,968 of total unrecognized compensation cost
related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the
1998 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a remaining
weighted-average vesting period of 2.35 years.
9
There
were no options exercised under the 1998 Plan for the three months ended March
31, 2008.
The
following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense for employees
and non-employees recognized in the Company’s statements of operations for each
period:
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
|||||||
Stock-Based Compensation
Expense:
|
||||||||
Research
and development
|
$ | 84,382 | $ | 73,618 | ||||
General
and administrative
|
174,393 | 147,180 | ||||||
Total
stock-based compensation expense
|
$ | 258,775 | $ | 220,798 |
The first
quarter of 2007 column in the above table has been corrected to reflect the
reclassification described in Note 1 to our condensed financial statements for
the three months ended March 31, 2007.
In
July 2007, the Company issued warrants to purchase 180,000 shares of common
stock to an investor relations firm in return for various investor relations
services. The warrants are exercisable at an exercise price equal to $8.00 per
share with 50 percent of the warrants becoming exercisable on July 19, 2008
and the remainder becoming exercisable on July 19, 2009. The warrants are
exercisable through and including July 18, 2010. The Company uses the
Black-Sholes pricing model to value this warrant consideration and remeasures
the award each quarter until the measurement date is
established. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, the
Company recorded $34,964 in non-cash general and administrative expense
pertaining to these warrants.
6.
|
RECENT
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
|
In
September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurement” (“SFAS
157”). The standard provides guidance for using fair value to measure
assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 clarifies the principle that fair
value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when
pricing an asset or liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that
prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. Under
the standard, fair value measurements are separately disclosed by level within
the fair value hierarchy. SFAS 157 was effective for the Company January 1,
2008. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for disclosure of the
Company’s adoption of SFAS 157.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB
Statement No. 115” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits an entity to elect fair value
as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for many financial assets
and liabilities. Entities electing the fair value option are required
to recognize changes in fair value in earnings. SFAS 159 also
requires additional disclosures to compensate for the lack of comparability that
will arise from the use of the fair value option. SFAS 159 was
effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2008. The Company did
not elect the fair value option for any of its existing financial assets and
liabilities, and therefore the adoption of SFAS 159 did not have an impact on
the Company’s current results of operations or financial
condition. The future impact, if any on the Company’s results of
operations or financial condition of electing the fair value option for future
financial assets and liabilities, is not known.
10
In June
2007, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 07-3, “Accounting
for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future
Research and Development Activities” (“EITF 07-3”). EITF 07-3
requires non-refundable advance payments for goods and services to be used in
future research and development (R&D) activities to be recorded as assets
and the payments to be expensed when the R&D activities are
performed. EITF 07-3 is effective for the Company prospectively for
new contractual arrangements entered into beginning January 1,
2008. The adoption of EITF 07-3 did not have an impact on the
Company’s results of operations or financial condition.
In March
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”)
which is intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments
and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to
better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial
performance and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim
periods beginning after January 1, 2009, with early application encouraged. The
adoption of SFAS 161 is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s results
of operations or financial condition.
7.
|
STOCKHOLDERS’
EQUITY
|
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, no options or warrants to purchase shares
of common stock were granted or exercised, other than the grant of options to
purchase an aggregate of 474,250 shares to certain employees of the Company and
the Company’s non-employee directors.
8.
|
FAIR
VALUE MEASUREMENTS
|
On
January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the fair value methods required under
SFAS No. 157 to value its financial assets and liabilities. As defined in
SFAS No. 157, fair value is based on the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between
market participants at the measurement date. In order to increase consistency
and comparability in fair value measurements, SFAS No. 157 establishes a
fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to
measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described
below:
Level 1:
Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the
measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the
highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
Level 2:
Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but
corroborated by market data.
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The
fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.
In
determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize
the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the
extent possible as well as considers counterparty credit risk.
11
Financial
assets recorded at fair value as of March 31, 2008 are classified in the
table below in one of the three categories described above:
Description
|
March
31, 2008 Balance
|
Quoted
Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level
1)
|
Significant
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
|
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level
3)
|
|||||||||
Available
for Sale Securities
|
$ | 14,472,050 | $ | 1,074,050 | $ | 13,398,000 | |||||||
Total
|
$ | 14,472,050 | $ | 1,074,050 | $ | 13,398,000 |
The
Company’s money market fund investment is classified as based on level 1 inputs,
as the fair value is based on the quoted security prices in active
market. The Company’s auction rate securities investments are
classified as based on level 3 inputs, due to the lack of lack of currently
observable market quotes, generally those obtained or corroborated through the
auction process. The Company determines the fair value using
unobservable inputs based on expected cash flows and collateral values,
including assessments of counterparty credit quality, default risk underlying
the security, overall capital market liquidity, and expectations of early
redemption of the securities. Factors that may impact the Company’s
valuation include changes to credit ratings of the securities as well as to the
underlying assets supporting those securities, rates of default of the
underlying assets, underlying collateral value, counterparty risk and ongoing
strength and quality of market credit and liquidity.
At
January 1, 2008, the value of the auction rate securities were based on
observable prices in active markets and as such would have been considered based
on level 1 inputs. Due to the failure of auctions during first
quarter 2008, the auction rate securities are valued based on level 3 inputs at
March 31, 2008. As a result of the temporary declines in fair value
of the Company’s auction rate securities, which the Company attributes to
liquidity issues affecting the credit markets associated with the securities
rather than counterparty credit issues, the Company has recorded an unrealized
loss of $602,000 to Accumulated other comprehensive loss. The table
below presents a reconciliation of the auction rate securities balance at March
31, 2008.
Fair
Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
|
||||
Auction
Rate Securities
|
||||
January
1, 2008
|
$ | - | ||
Total
gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
|
||||
Included
in earnings
|
- | |||
Included
in other comprehensive loss
|
(602,000 | ) | ||
Purchases,
Issuances or Settlements
|
- | |||
Transfers
in and/or out of Level 3
|
14,000,000 | |||
March
31, 2008
|
$ | 13,398,000 |
No gains
or losses (realized or unrealized) were included in earnings for the quarter
ended March 31, 2008.
12
The
Company’s securities for which auctions have failed will continue to accrue
interest at the contractual rate and will be subject to auctions every 7 or 28
days, depending upon the securities, until the auction process succeeds, the
issuers redeem the securities or the underlying debt instruments
mature. If the Company determines that an issuer of the securities is
unable to successfully close future auctions or redeem or refinance the
obligations, the Company might be required to reclassify the investments from a
current asset to a non-current asset. If an issuer’s financial
stability or credit rating deteriorates or adverse developments occur in the
bond insurance market, the Company might be required to adjust the carrying
value of its auction rate securities through a future impairment
charge. The Company continues to monitor the market for auction rate
securities and to consider its impact (if any) on the fair market value of the
Company’s investments. The Company currently believes the market
values of our auction rate securities are not other than temporarily impaired
and the Company expects to be able to recover the full par value of its
investments, primarily due to government agency backing of the underlying
securities, the investment-grade credit rating of each auction rate security in
the Company’s portfolio, the credit worthiness of the issuers, recent market
developments and expectations regarding redemption or tender of these
securities. As a result of the temporary declines in fair value of
the Company’s auction rate securities, which the Company attributes to liquidity
issues affecting the related credit markets of the securities rather than
counterparty credit issues, the Company has recorded an unrealized loss of
$602,000 to Accumulated other comprehensive loss.
13
ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
This
Management’s Discussion and Analysis provides material historical and
prospective disclosures intended to enable investors and other users to assess
our financial condition and results of operations. Statements that
are not historical are forward-looking and involve risks and uncertainties
discussed under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements” below. The
following discussion of the results of operations and financial condition of
BioSante should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the
related notes thereto. The Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations has been corrected to reflect the
reclassification described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
to our condensed financial statements for the three months ended March 31,
2008.
Business
Overview
We are a
specialty pharmaceutical company focused on developing products for female
sexual health, menopause, contraception and male hypogonadism. Our
primary products are gel formulations of testosterone and
estradiol. Our key products include:
·
|
LibiGel
– once daily transdermal testosterone gel in Phase III development for the
treatment of female sexual dysfunction
(FSD).
|
·
|
Elestrin
– once daily transdermal estradiol (estrogen) gel approved by the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indicated for the treatment of
moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause and
marketed in the U.S.
|
·
|
Bio-T-Gel
– once daily transdermal gel in development for the treatment of
hypogonadism, or testosterone deficiency, in
men.
|
·
|
The
Pill-Plus (triple hormone contraceptive) – once daily use of various
combinations of estrogens, progestogens and androgens in development for
the treatment of FSD in women using oral or transdermal
contraceptives.
|
We also
are engaged in the development of our proprietary calcium phosphate
nanotechnology, or CaP, primarily for aesthetic medicine, novel vaccines and
drug delivery.
With
respect to LibiGel, we believe based on discussions, meetings and agreements
with the FDA, including a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) received in January
2008, that two Phase III safety and efficacy trials and one year of LibiGel
exposure in a separate safety study with a four-year follow-up post-NDA filing
and potentially post-FDA approval are the essential requirements for submission
and, if successful, approval by the FDA of an NDA for LibiGel for the treatment
of FSD, specifically, hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). The
SPA process and agreement affirms that the FDA agrees that the LibiGel Phase III
clinical trial design, clinical endpoints, sample size, planned conduct and
statistical analyses are acceptable to support regulatory
approval. Further, it provides assurance that these agreed measures
will serve as the basis for regulatory review and the decision by the FDA to
approve an NDA for LibiGel. The SPA agreement covers the pivotal
Phase III safety and efficacy trials of LibiGel in
the treatment of FSD. These SPA trials use our validated instruments to measure
the clinical endpoints.
14
Currently,
two Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials are underway in addition to a
separate Phase III cardiovascular safety study. Both Phase III safety
and efficacy trials are double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that will enroll
up to approximately 500 surgically menopausal women each for a six-month
clinical trial. The Phase III cardiovascular safety study is a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center, cardiovascular
events driven study of between 2,400 and 3,100 women exposed to LibiGel or
placebo for 12 months at which time we intend to submit an NDA to the
FDA. Following NDA submission and potential FDA approval, we will
continue to follow the subjects in the safety study for an additional four
years. We expect the Phase III clinical trial program of LibiGel to
require significant resources. Therefore, we may need to raise substantial
additional capital to fund our operations. Alternatively, we may
choose to sublicense LibiGel or another product for development and
commercialization, sell certain assets or rights we have under our existing
license agreements or enter into other business collaborations or combinations,
including the possible sale of our company.
We
license the technology underlying many of our products, except Bio-T-Gel and The
Pill-Plus, from Antares Pharma, Inc. Bio-T-Gel was developed and is
fully-owned by us. Our license agreement with Antares requires us to
pay Antares certain development and regulatory milestone payments and royalties
based on net sales of any products we or our sub-licensees sell incorporating
the licensed technology and required us to pay an up-front license
fee. We license the technology underlying our proposed triple hormone
contraceptives from Wake Forest University Health Sciences and Cedars-Sinai
Medical Center. The financial terms of this license include an
upfront license fee, regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments and
royalty payments by us if a product incorporating the licensed technology gets
approved and is subsequently marketed.
We have
entered into several sublicense agreements covering our products, including a
development and license agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., pursuant
to which Teva USA agreed to develop our male testosterone gel, Bio-T-Gel, for
the U.S. market, an agreement with Solvay Pharmaceuticals, B.V. covering the
U.S. and Canadian rights to the estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal gel
product and an agreement with Paladin Labs Inc. covering Canadian rights to
certain of our products. We believe that our estrogen/progestogen combination
transdermal hormone therapy gel product which we have sub-licensed to Solvay is
not in active development by Solvay, and we do not expect its active development
to occur at any time in the near future. The financial terms of these
agreements generally include an upfront license fee, milestone payments and
royalty payments to us if a product incorporating the licensed technology gets
approved and is subsequently marketed and a portion of any payments received
from subsequent successful out-licensing efforts.
In
November 2006, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Nycomed
for the marketing of Elestrin in the United States. Upon execution of
the sublicense agreement, we received an upfront payment of $3.5
million. In addition, Nycomed paid us $10.5 million in milestone
payments during 2007 as a result of the FDA approval of Elestrin in the U.S.,
which occurred in December 2006. The Elestrin FDA approval was a
non-conditional and full approval with no Phase IV development
commitments. In addition, we received three years of marketing
exclusivity for Elestrin. Nycomed also agreed to pay us additional
payments of up to $40.0 million in the event certain sales-based milestones are
achieved, plus royalties on sales of Elestrin. We license the
transdermal estradiol gel formulation that is used in Elestrin from Antares
Pharma, Inc. Under our license agreement with Antares, we are
obligated to pay Antares 25 percent of all licensing-related milestones and a
portion of any future associated royalties. Nycomed commercially
launched Elestrin in June 2007. We recognized $15,404 and $69,353 in
royalty revenue from sales of Elestrin during the three months ended March 31,
2008 and the year ended December 31, 2007, respectively, which represent the
gross royalty revenue received from Bradley and not our corresponding obligation
to pay Antares a portion of the royalties received. No royalty
revenue was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007 as Elestrin was
not launched by Nycomed until the second quarter of 2007. Considering
the poor sales performance of Elestrin in the U.S. estrogen market and Nycomed’s
focus in dermatology, we recently approached Nycomed and currently are in
discussions with Nycomed regarding Nycomed’s promotion of Elestrin and our
alternatives going forward, including the possibility that we may reacquire the
U.S. marketing rights to the product.
15
Our strategy with respect to our CaP
technology is to continue development of our nanoparticle technology and
actively seek collaborators and licensees to fund and accelerate the development
and commercialization of products incorporating the technology. In
addition to continuing our own product development in the potential commercial
applications of our CaP technology, we have sought and continue to seek
opportunities to enter into business collaborations or joint ventures with
vaccine companies and others interested in development and marketing
arrangements with respect to our CaP technology. For example, in
November 2007, we signed a license agreement with Medical Aesthetics Technology
Corporation (MATC) covering the use of our CaP as a facial filler in aesthetic
medicine. Under the license agreement, MATC is responsible for
continued development of BioLook, including required clinical trials, regulatory
filings and all manufacturing and marketing associated with the
product. In exchange for the license, we received an ownership
position in MATC of approximately five percent of the common stock of
MATC. In addition to the ownership position, we may receive certain
milestone payments and royalties as well as share in certain payments if MATC
sublicenses the technology.
One of
our strategic goals for 2008 is to continue to seek and implement strategic
alternatives with respect to our products and our company, including licenses,
business collaborations and other business combinations or transactions with
other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. We continually evaluate
various strategic alternatives with respect to our products and our company.
Therefore, as a matter of course from time to time, we engage in discussions
with third parties regarding the licensure, sale or acquisition of our products
and technologies or a merger, sale or acquisition of our company.
Financial
Overview
All of
our revenue to date has been derived from upfront, milestone and royalty
payments earned on licensing and sublicensing transactions and from
subcontracts. To date, we have used primarily equity financing,
licensing income and interest income to fund our ongoing business operations and
short-term liquidity needs, and we expect to continue this practice for the
foreseeable future.
We have
not commercially introduced any products and do not expect to do so in the
foreseeable future. However, Nycomed, our marketing sublicensee for
Elestrin, commercially launched Elestrin in June 2007. As a result,
since such date, we have received royalties on net sales of
Elestrin. However, such royalties have been minimal. In
addition, as a result of the poor sales performance of Elestrin in the U.S.
estrogen market and Nycomed’s focus in dermatology, we expect that any future
royalties we receive from Nycomed will be minimal as well. We
recently approached Nycomed and currently are in discussions with Nycomed
regarding Nycomed’s promotion of Elestrin and our alternatives going forward,
including the possibility that we may reacquire the U.S. marketing rights to the
product. We recognized royalty revenue from Nycomed’s net sales of
Elestrin of $15,404 during the quarter ended March 31, 2008. The
royalty revenue presented in our statements of operations represents the gross
royalty revenue to be received from Nycomed. Our corresponding
obligation to pay Antares a portion of the royalties received which equaled
$6,932 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, is recorded within general and
administrative expenses.
16
Our
business operations to date have consisted mostly of licensing and research and
development activities and we expect this to continue for the immediate
future. If and when our proposed products for which we have not
entered into marketing relationships receive FDA approval, we may begin to incur
other expenses, including sales and marketing related expenses if we choose to
market the products ourselves. We currently do not have
sufficient resources on a long-term basis to complete the commercialization of
any of our proposed products for which we have not entered into marketing
relationships. Based on our current cash resources and our current
commitments, we believe we should be able to maintain our current planned
development activities and the corresponding level of expenditures through at
least the next 12 months irrespective of our ability to obtain liquidity from
our auction rate securities. (See “—Liquidity and Capital
Resources”
section) No assurance can be provided that we will not need or
seek additional cash prior to such time. As an alternative to raising
additional financing, we may license LibiGel or another product to a third party
who may finance a portion or all of the continued development and if approved,
commercialization of LibiGel or the other product, or we may elect to sell
certain assets or rights we have under our existing license
agreements.
We
incurred expenses of approximately $900,000 per month on research and
development activities in the first quarter of 2008. Our research and
development expenses increased $1,690,476 or 171 percent, to $2.7 million for
the first quarter of 2008 from $1.0 million for the first quarter of 2007,
primarily as a result of the conduct of the two LibiGel Phase III safety and
efficacy clinical studies and the LibiGel Phase III cardiovascular safety
study. We expect our monthly research and development expenses to be
approximately $1.1 million per month for the foreseeable future. The
amount of our actual research and development expenditures may fluctuate from
quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year depending upon: (1) our development
schedule, including the timing of our clinical trials; (2) resources
available; (3) results of studies, clinical trials and regulatory
decisions; (4) whether we or our licensees are funding the development of our
proposed products; and (5) competitive developments.
Our
general and administrative expenses for the first quarter of 2008 increased
$406,724 or 44 percent, compared to the first quarter of 2007. This
increase was due primarily to an increase in business development costs and
other personnel-related costs. Our general and administrative
expenses may fluctuate from year-to-year and quarter-to-quarter depending upon
the amount of non-cash, stock-based compensation expense, legal, public and
investor relations, business development, accounting and corporate governance
and other fees and expenses incurred.
Our
non-cash, stock-based compensation and consideration expense for the first
quarter of 2008 increased $72,941 or 33 percent, compared to the first quarter
of 2007. The primary reason for this increase was the grant of
options to purchase an aggregate of 474,250 shares of our common stock to new
and certain existing employees and our non-employee directors in the first
quarter of 2008.
We
recognized a net loss for the first quarter of 2008 of $3.6 million compared to
a net loss of $1.8 million for the first quarter of 2007. This
increase was primarily due to the increased LibiGel clinical development
expenses discussed above. We expect to incur substantial and
continuing losses for the foreseeable future. This is true especially
as our own product development programs expand and various clinical trials
commence or continue, including in particular the Phase III clinical trial
program for LibiGel and other trials and studies associated with
LibiGel. The amount of these losses may vary significantly from
year-to-year and quarter-to-quarter and will depend on, among other
factors:
·
|
the
progress, timing and cost of our preclinical and clinical development
programs, including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for
LibiGel, and our other product development
efforts;
|
·
|
the
timing and cost of obtaining necessary regulatory approvals for our
proposed products;
|
·
|
the
commercial success and net sales of Elestrin, on which we currently
receive royalties and potentially sales-based milestones, Nycomed’s
willingness to continue promotion of the product or our ability to
reacquire the product and sell it ourselves or relicense it to another
third party;
|
17
·
|
the
timing and cost of various cash and non-cash general and administrative
items;
|
·
|
the
timing and cost of obtaining third party reimbursement for our products;
and
|
·
|
the
progress, timing and costs of our business development efforts to
implement business collaborations, licenses and other business
combinations or transactions with entities that have businesses or
technologies complementary to our
business.
|
Results
of Operations
Three
Months Ended March 31, 2008 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31,
2007
The
following table sets forth our results of operations for the three months ended
March 31, 2008 and 2007.
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
$
Change
|
%
Change
|
|||||||||||||
Revenue
|
$ | 62,997 | $ | 50,608 | $ | 12,389 | 24.5 | % | ||||||||
Expenses
|
||||||||||||||||
Research and
development
|
2,677,946 | 987,470 | 1,690,476 | 171.2 | % | |||||||||||
General and
administrative
|
1,325,493 | 918,769 | 406,724 | 44.3 | % | |||||||||||
Interest
income
|
323,577 | 146,529 | 177,048 | 120.8 | % | |||||||||||
Net
loss
|
$ | (3,626,638 | ) | $ | (1,817,018 | ) | $ | 1,809,620 | 99.6 | % |
Revenue
increased $12,389 primarily as a result of the recognition of royalty revenue
from Nycomed on Elestrin sales, partially offset by a reduction in deferred
revenue related to a license associated with our CaP technology.
Research
and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2008 increased 171
percent compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007 primarily as a result
of the conduct of the two LibiGel Phase III safety and efficacy clinical studies
and the LibiGel Phase III cardiovascular safety study.
General
and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2008 increased
44 percent compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007 primarily as a
result of an increase in business development and other personnel-related
costs.
Non-cash,
stock-based compensation expense increased as a result of the recognition of
$293,739 in non-cash stock-based compensation and consideration expense during
the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared to $220,798 for the three months
ended March 31, 2007 due to an increase in the number of stock options granted
and the number of stock options and warrants outstanding during the three months
ended March 31, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. Our
outstanding stock options and warrants have remaining lives of one to ten years
and will be amortized over the respective remaining vesting
periods. Certain of our outstanding stock options have performance
condition-based vesting provisions, which will result in recognition of expense
when such performance conditions have been satisfied.
Interest
income for the three months ended March 31, 2008 increased 121 percent compared
to interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 as a result of
higher average invested cash balances and higher average interest rates on
invested cash balances during the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared to
the same period in 2007.
18
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Working
Capital
All of
our revenue to date has been derived from upfront, milestone and royalty
payments earned on licensing and sublicensing transactions and from
subcontracts. We have not commercially introduced any products and do
not expect to do so in the foreseeable future. However, Nycomed, our
marketing sublicensee for Elestrin, commercially launched Elestrin in June
2007. As a result, since such date, we have received royalties on net
sales of Elestrin. However, such royalties have been
minimal. In addition, as a result of the poor sales performance of
Elestrin in the U.S. estrogen market and Nycomed’s focus in dermatology, we
expect that any future royalties we receive from Nycomed will be minimal as
well. We recently approached Nycomed and currently are in discussions
with Nycomed regarding Nycomed’s promotion of Elestrin and our alternatives
going forward, including the possibility that we may reacquire the U.S.
marketing rights to the product.
Our
business operations to date have consisted mostly of licensing and research and
development activities and we expect this to continue for the immediate
future. If and when our proposed products for which we have not
entered into marketing relationships receive FDA approval or if we reacquire the
U.S. marketing rights to Elestrin from Nycomed and choose not to enter into a
marketing relationship with another third party, we may begin to incur other
expenses, including sales and marketing related expenses if we choose to market
the products ourselves. We currently do not have sufficient resources
to establish our own sales and marketing function, obtain regulatory approval of
our other proposed products or complete the commercialization of any of our
proposed products that are not licensed to others for development and
marketing. We expect the Phase III clinical trial program of LibiGel
to require significant resources. Therefore, we may need to raise
substantial additional capital to fund our operations. Alternatively,
we may choose to sublicense LibiGel or another product for development and
commercialization, sell certain assets or rights we have under our existing
license agreements or enter into other business collaborations or combinations,
including the possible sale of our company.
To date,
we have used primarily equity financings, licensing income and interest income
to fund our ongoing business operations and short-term liquidity needs, and we
expect to continue this practice for the foreseeable future. As of
March 31, 2008, we had $13.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and an
additional $14.5 million of short-term investments. We expect our
cash balance to decrease as we continue to use cash to fund our
operations. We do not have any outstanding debt.
Our cash
and cash equivalents are invested in highly-rated, investment grade financial
instruments consisting primarily of commercial paper. Our short-term
investments consist primarily of money market investments and investment-grade
auction rate securities, the underlying assets of which are portfolios of
student loans backed by the federal government. Although such
securities typically have been very liquid, such liquidity recently has been
reduced as a result of events in the credit markets, including the market for
these auction rate securities. Although we expect the markets for
auction rate securities to recover in the near term and believe we will be able
to restructure, redeem or liquidate our investments in our auction rate
securities without any loss, the timing of such an outcome is
uncertain. Currently there is no liquid market for these
securities. Based on our expected cash expenditures, our cash and
cash equivalents balance and other potential sources of cash, including our
anticipated ability to borrow using these securities as collateral, we do not
anticipate that the potential lack of liquidity of these investments in the near
term will adversely affect our ability to execute our current business
plan. However, no assurance can be provided that it will not do
so.
19
Our
securities for which auctions have failed will continue to accrue interest at
the contractual rate and will be subject to auctions every 7 or 28 days,
depending upon the securities, until the auction process succeeds, the issuers
redeem the securities or the underlying debt instruments mature. If
we determine that an issuer of the securities is unable to successfully close
future auctions or redeem or refinance the obligations, we might be required to
reclassify the investments from a current asset to a non-current
asset. If an issuer’s financial stability or credit rating
deteriorates or adverse developments occur in the bond insurance market, we
might be required to adjust the carrying value of our action rate securities
through a future impairment charge. We continue to monitor the market
for auction rate securities and to consider its impact (if any) on the fair
market value of our investments. We currently believe the market
values of our auction rate securities are not other than temporarily impaired
and we expect to be able to recover the full par value of our investments,
primarily due to government agency backing of the underlying securities, the
investment-grade credit rating of each auction rate security in our portfolio,
the credit worthiness of the issuers, recent market developments such as the
JPMorgan Chase tender offer described below and expectations regarding
redemption or tender of these securities. As a result of the
temporary declines in fair value of our auction rate securities, which we
attribute to liquidity issues affecting the related credit markets of the
securities rather than counterparty credit issues, we have recorded an
unrealized loss of $602,000 to Accumulated other comprehensive
loss.
On April
22, 2008, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association commenced a tender offer to
purchase any and all of the outstanding student loan asset-backed auction rate
notes of each of the following securitization trusts: Collegiate
Funding Services Education Loan Trust 2003-A, Collegiate Funding Services
Education Loan Trust 2003-B and Collegiate Funding Services Education Loan Trust
2004-A. We own $2.0 million in principal amount of such notes and have tendered
all of such notes to JPMorgan. The offer is scheduled to expire at 5
p.m. (Eastern Time) on Tuesday, May 20, 2008, unless extended or earlier
terminated. Each registered owner who validly tenders any or all of
the owner’s auction rate notes by the deadline will receive, subject to the
terms and conditions of the tender offer, $1,000 for each $1,000 principal
amount of the auction rate notes validly tendered, plus accrued and unpaid
interest from the last applicable distribution date to, but not including, the
settlement date, which is expected to be May 21, 2008.
We
believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of
March 31, 2008 will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for
working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months
irrespective of our ability to obtain liquidity from auction rate
securities. However, we may seek to obtain additional financing prior
to that time. In addition to our ability to liquidate our auction
rate securities, our future capital requirements will depend upon numerous
factors, including:
·
|
the
progress, timing, cost and results of our preclinical and clinical
development programs, including in particular our Phase III clinical trial
program for LibiGel, and our other product development
efforts;
|
·
|
patient
recruitment and enrollment in our current and future clinical trials,
including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for
LibiGel;
|
·
|
the
cost, timing and outcome of regulatory reviews of our proposed
products;
|
·
|
the
commercial success and net sales of Elestrin, on which we currently
receive royalties and potentially sales-based milestones, Nycomed’s
willingness to continue promotion of the product or our ability to
reacquire the product and sell it ourselves or re-license it to another
third party;
|
20
·
|
the
timing and cost of obtaining third party reimbursement for our
products;
|
·
|
the
progress, timing and costs of our business development efforts to
implement business collaborations, licenses and other business
combinations or transactions with entities that have businesses or
technologies complementary to our
business.
|
·
|
our
ability to license LibiGel or other products for development and
commercialization;
|
·
|
the
rate of technological advances;
|
·
|
ongoing
determinations of the potential markets for and commercial success of our
proposed products;
|
·
|
our
general and administrative
expenses;
|
·
|
the
activities of our competitors; and
|
·
|
our
opportunities to acquire new products or take advantage of other
unanticipated opportunities.
|
If we
raise additional funds through the issuance of equity securities, our
stockholders may experience dilution, which could be
significant. Furthermore, additional financing may not be available
when needed or, if available, financing may not be on terms favorable to us or
our stockholders. If financing is not available when required or is
not available on acceptable terms, or additional sublicense agreements are not
signed, we may be required to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our
programs designed to facilitate the development of our proposed products and
commercial introduction of our products.
Uses
of Cash and Cash Flow
We used
cash in operating activities of $2,466,050 for the three months ended
March 31, 2008 versus receiving cash from operating activities of
$3,555,216 for the three months ended March 31, 2007. Cash used
in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was primarily
the result of the net loss for that period, and to a lesser extent, an increase
in prepaid expenses and other assets, offset primarily by an increase in
accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Net cash provided by operations in the
three months ended March 31, 2007 was due primarily to the receipt of a net
payment of $5,250,000 from Nycomed under the licensing agreement for Elestrin,
offset primarily by the net loss and a decrease in accounts payable and other
accrued liabilities.
Net cash
used in investing activities was $76,775 for the three months ended March 31,
2008 and $60,988 for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and in each period
consisted primarily of purchases of short-term investments. There was
no net cash provided by or used in financing activities during the three months
ended March 31, 2008. During the three months ended March 31, 2007,
net cash provided by financing activities was $142,662, which resulted from a
warrant exercise.
We
recorded and paid $75,000 in income tax expense during the three months ended
March 31, 2007 as we were subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax
provision. Pursuant to further review and tax advice, we recorded and filed for
a tax refund for that same amount. The $75,000 tax refund was
received in October 2007.
21
Commitments
and Contractual Obligations
We did
not have any material commitments for capital expenditures as of March 31,
2008. We have, however, several potential financial commitments,
including product development milestone payments to the licensors of certain of
our products, payments under our license agreement with Wake Forest University
Health Sciences, as well as minimum annual lease payments.
The
following table summarizes the timing of these future contractual obligations
and commitments as of March 31, 2008:
Payments
Due by Period
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Total
|
Less
than 1 Year
|
1-3
Years
|
4-5
Years
|
After 5
Years
|
||||||||||||||||
Operating
Leases
|
$ | 154,110 | $ | 154,110 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
Obligation
under License Agreement with Antares
|
6,932 | 6,932 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Commitments
Under License Agreement with Wake Forest
|
720,000 | 130,000 | 230,000 | 160,000 | 200,000 | |||||||||||||||
Total
Contractual Cash Obligations
|
$ | 881,042 | $ | 291,042 | $ | 230,000 | $ | 160,000 | $ | 200,000 |
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
We do not
have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to
have a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial
condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital
expenditures or capital resources. As a result, we are not materially
exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if
we had engaged in these arrangements.
Critical
Accounting Policies
The
discussion and analysis of our condensed financial statements and results of
operations are based upon our condensed financial statements, which have been
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. The preparation of these condensed financial
statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the
reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The Securities and Exchange
Commission has defined a company’s most critical accounting policies as those
that are most important to the portrayal of its financial condition and results
of operations, and which requires the company to make its most difficult and
subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters
that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, we have identified
certain of our accounting policies as critical accounting policies. Our critical
accounting policies are described in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. There have been
no changes to the critical accounting policies described in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
We refer
you to the information contained in Note 5 to our condensed financial statements
for the effect of recent accounting pronouncements on our results of operations
and financial condition.
22
Forward-Looking
Statements
This
quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains not only historical information, but also
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities
Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
and are subject to the safe harbor created by those sections. In
addition, we or others on our behalf may make forward-looking statements from
time to time in oral presentations, including telephone conferences and/or web
casts open to the public, in press releases or reports, on our Internet web site
or otherwise. All statements other than statements of historical
facts included in this report that address activities, events or developments
that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are
forward-looking statements including, in particular, the statements about our
plans, objectives, strategies and prospects regarding, among other things, our
financial condition, results of operations and business. We have
identified some of these forward-looking statements with words like “believe,”
“may,” “could,” “might,” “possible,” “potential,” “project,” “will,” “should,”
“expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximate,”
“contemplate” or “continue” and other words and terms of similar
meaning. These forward-looking statements may be contained in the
notes to our condensed financial statements and elsewhere in this report,
including under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations.” Our forward-looking statements
generally relate to:
·
|
the
timing of the commencement, enrollment and completion of our clinical
trials and other regulatory status of our proposed
products;
|
·
|
the
future market and market acceptance of our
products;
|
·
|
the
amount of royalty revenue we expect to receive from Nycomed on net sales
of Elestrin and the future of our relationship with
Nycomed;
|
·
|
the
effect of new accounting
pronouncements;
|
·
|
our
spending capital on research and development programs, pre-clinical
studies and clinical trials, regulatory processes, establishment of sales
and marketing capabilities and licensure or acquisition of new
products;
|
·
|
collaborating,
merging or acquiring entities that have businesses or technologies
complementary to our business;
|
·
|
whether
and how long our existing cash will be sufficient to fund our
operations;
|
·
|
valuation,
expected returns and ability to liquidate investments in our investment
portfolios based on risks affecting underlying securities or the markets
in which they are bought and sold.
|
·
|
our
need, ability and expected timing of any actions to raise additional
capital through future equity and other financings;
and
|
·
|
our
substantial and continuing losses.
|
Forward-looking
statements are based on current expectations about future events affecting us
and are subject to uncertainties and factors that affect all businesses
operating in a global market as well as matters specific to us. These
uncertainties and factors are difficult to predict and many of them are beyond
our control. The following are some of the uncertainties and factors known to us
that could cause our actual results to differ materially from what we have
anticipated in our forward-looking statements:
23
·
|
lack
of market acceptance of Elestrin and our other products if and when they
are commercialized;
|
·
|
our
dependence upon Nycomed for the marketing and sale of Elestrin and
Nycomed’s willingness to continue promotion of Elestrin especially in
light of its focus on dermatology and our ability to reacquire the U.S.
marketing rights to Elestrin and either sell Elestrin ourselves or
re-license the marketing rights to another third party on a timely basis
or on substantially the same terms;
|
·
|
our
failure to obtain liquidity for our auction rate securities on a timely
basis or obtain additional capital when needed or on acceptable
terms;
|
·
|
our
failure to recover the carrying value of our investment in auction rate
securities may be limited or non-existent in the near
term;
|
·
|
our
ability to realize the par value and accrued interest of our investment in
auction rate securities;
|
·
|
the
failure of our products to be commercially introduced for several years or
at all;
|
·
|
our
failure to obtain and maintain required regulatory approvals on a timely
basis or at all;
|
·
|
uncertainties
associated with the impact of published studies regarding the adverse
health effects of certain forms of hormone
therapy;
|
·
|
our
dependence upon other sublicensees, other than Nycomed, for the
development, marketing and sale of certain of our other
products;
|
·
|
our
dependence upon the maintenance of our licenses with Antares Pharma IPL
AG, Wake Forest University Health Sciences and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
and the University of California – Los
Angeles;
|
·
|
patient
recruitment and enrollment in our current and future clinical trials,
including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for
LibiGel;
|
·
|
the
scope, timing and results of our clinical trials and other uncertainties
associated with clinical trials;
|
·
|
our
ability to compete in a competitive
industry;
|
·
|
our
ability to implement strategic alternatives with respect to our products
and our company, including licenses, business collaborations, and other
business combinations or transactions with other pharmaceutical and
biotechnology companies;
|
·
|
our
ability to protect our proprietary technology and to operate our business
without infringing the proprietary rights of third
parties;
|
·
|
our
dependence upon key employees;
|
·
|
our
ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial
reporting;
|
·
|
adverse
changes in applicable laws or regulations and our failure to comply with
applicable laws and regulations;
|
·
|
changes
in generally accepted accounting principles;
or
|
·
|
conditions
and changes in the biopharmaceutical industry or in general economic or
business conditions.
|
24
For more
information regarding these and other uncertainties and factors that could cause
our actual results to differ materially from what we have anticipated in our
forward-looking statements or otherwise could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition or operating results, see our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 under the heading “Part I
– Item 1A. Risk Factors” on pages 23 through 34 of such report and
elsewhere in this report, including under the heading “Part II – Item
1A. Risk Factors.”
All
forward-looking statements included in this report are expressly qualified in
their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. We wish to caution
readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement that speaks
only as of the date made and to recognize that forward-looking statements are
predictions of future results, which may not occur as anticipated. Actual
results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking
statements and from historical results, due to the uncertainties and factors
described above and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007 under the heading “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors”
and included elsewhere in this report, including under the heading “Part II –
Item 1A. Risk Factors,” as well as others that we may consider
immaterial or do not anticipate at this time. Although we believe that the
expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do
not know whether our expectations will prove correct. Our expectations reflected
in our forward-looking statements can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we
might make or by known or unknown uncertainties and factors, including those
described above and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007 under the heading “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors”
and included elsewhere in this report, including under the heading “Part II –
Item 1A. Risk Factors.” The risks and uncertainties described above
are not exclusive and further information concerning us and our business,
including factors that potentially could materially affect our financial results
or condition, may emerge from time to time. We assume no obligation to update,
amend or clarify forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes
in factors or assumptions affecting such forward-looking statements. We advise
you, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in
our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current
reports on Form 8-K we file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
ITEM
3.
|
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
|
We are
exposed to interest rate risk on the investments of our excess cash and
short-term investments, although due to the nature of our short-term
investments, we have concluded that such risk is not material. The
primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at
the same time maximize yields without significantly increasing
risk. To achieve this objective, we typically have invested in highly
liquid and high quality debt securities. To minimize the exposure due
to adverse shifts in interest rates, we typically have invested in short-term
securities with maturities of less than one year.
25
At March
31, 2008, we held investments in $13.4 million of investment-grade auction rate
securities, the underlying assets of which are student loans backed by the
federal government. As a result of the temporary declines in fair
value of our auction rate securities, which we attribute to liquidity issues
affecting the credit markets associated with these securities rather than
counterparty credit issues, we have recorded an unrealized loss of $602,000 to
Accumulated other comprehensive loss. Although such securities
typically have been very liquid, such liquidity recently has been impacted as a
result of recent events in the credit markets, including the markets for these
securities, and currently there is no liquid market for these
securities. Although we believe we will be able to liquidate our
investments in our auction rate securities in the near term without any loss,
the timing of such an outcome is uncertain. Therefore, we are exposed
to market risk related to our investments in auction rate securities. For
further details, see “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations–Liquidity and Capital
Resources.”
ITEM
4. CONTROLS AND
PROCEDURES
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We
maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that are
designed to reasonably ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in
the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time
periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms
and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management,
including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or
persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our
disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that any controls and
procedures, no matter how well designed and operated can provide only reasonable
assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and we necessarily are
required to apply our judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of
possible controls and procedures. Our management evaluated, with the
participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the
effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and
procedures as of the end of the period covered in this quarterly report on Form
10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective as of the end of such period to provide reasonable assurance that
information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
SEC’s rules and forms, and that material information relating to our company is
made known to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, particularly during the period when our periodic reports are
being prepared.
Changes
in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was
no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during
our quarter ended March 31, 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably
likely to materially affect our internal control over financial
reporting.
26
PART
II. OTHER
INFORMATION
ITEM
1. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
Not
applicable.
ITEM
1A.
|
RISK FACTORS
|
We are
affected by risks specific to us as well as factors that affect all businesses
operating in a global market. In addition to the other information
set forth in this report, careful consideration should be taken of the factors
described in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2007 under the heading “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors” which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating
results. Other than as set forth below, there have been no material
changes to such disclosures.
We are party to an exclusive
sublicense agreement with Nycomed for the marketing of Elestrin in the United
States as a result of which we are dependent upon Nycomed for the marketing and
sale of Elestrin. Considering the poor sales
performance of Elestrin in the U.S. estrogen market and Nycomed’s focus in
dermatology, we recently approached Nycomed and currently are in discussions
regarding Nycomed’s promotion of Elestrin and our alternatives going forward,
including the possibility that we may reacquire the U.S. marketing rights to the
product.
In
November 2006, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Bradley
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the marketing of Elestrin in the United States
pursuant to which we received an upfront license payment, certain regulatory
milestone payments and have the right to receive certain sales-based milestone
payments, plus royalties on sales of Elestrin. Effective February 21,
2008, Nycomed US Inc. completed its acquisition of Bradley. We
recognized $15,404 and $69,353 in royalty revenue from sales of Elestrin during
the three months ended March 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2007,
respectively, which represent the gross royalty revenue received from Nycomed
and not our corresponding obligation to pay Antares a portion of the royalties
received. We, therefore, have not received any meaningful royalty
revenue from Nycomed’s sales of Elestrin. Considering the poor sales
performance of Elestrin in the U.S. estrogen market and Nycomed’s focus in
dermatology, we recently approached Nycomed and currently are in discussions
with Nycomed regarding Nycomed’s promotion of Elestrin and our alternatives
going forward, including the possibility that we may reacquire the U.S.
marketing rights to the product. If Nycomed decides to retain
its marketing rights to the product, we cannot assure you that Nycomed will
remain focused on the commercialization of the product or will not otherwise
breach the terms of our agreement, especially if Nycomed’s Elestrin sales do not
increase significantly. If our agreement with Nycomed is not
terminated and if Nycomed breaches its obligations under our agreement, our
royalty revenue from Nycomed will continue to be adversely
affected. If our agreement with Nycomed is terminated and we
reacquire the U.S. marketing rights to the product and subsequently are unable
to sublicense the product to another party on substantially the same or better
terms or continue the future commercialization of the product ourselves, our
royalty revenue will continue to be minimal.
27
ITEM
2.
|
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF
PROCEEDS
|
Recent
Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, we did not issue or sell any shares of
our common stock or other equity securities of ours that were not registered
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
We did
not purchase any shares of our common stock or other equity securities of ours
during the three months ended March 31, 2008. Our Board of Directors
has not authorized any repurchase plan or program for purchase of our shares of
common stock or other equity securities on the open market or otherwise, other
than in connection with the cashless exercise of outstanding warrants and stock
options.
ITEM
3. DEFAULTS
UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Not
applicable.
ITEM
4. SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
ITEM
5. OTHER
INFORMATION
Not
applicable.
ITEM
6.EXHIBITS
The
following exhibits are being filed or furnished with this quarterly report on
Form 10-Q:
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
10.1
|
Form
of Indemnification Agreement between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
each of BioSante’s directors and executive officers
|
31.1
|
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 and SEC Rule 13a-14(a)
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 and SEC Rule 13a-14(a)
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
28
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto
duly authorized.
May
9, 2008
|
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
|
By: /s/ Stephen M.
Simes
Stephen M. Simes
Vice Chairman, President and
Chief Executive
Officer
(principal executive
officer)
|
|
By: /s/ Phillip B.
Donenberg
Phillip B. Donenberg
Chief Financial Officer,
Treasurer andSecretary
(principal financial and
accounting officer)
|
29
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
QUARTERLY
REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
EXHIBIT
INDEX
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
Method
of Filing
|
10.1
|
Form
of Indemnification Agreement between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
each of BioSante’s directors and executive officers
|
Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to BioSante’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 (File No.
001-31812)
|
31.1
|
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 and SEC Rule 13a-14(a)
|
Filed
herewith
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 and SEC Rule 13a-14(a)
|
Filed
herewith
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
Furnished
herewith
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
Furnished
herewith
|
30