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 UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022.

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________ to ________.

Commission File Number 001-37468

AppFolio, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

26-0359894

(State of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

50 Castilian Drive

93117

Santa Barbara,

California

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

 (805) 364-6093

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class			Trading Symbol			Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value			APPF			NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 2, 2022, the number of shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding was 20,063,547 and the number of shares of the registrant’s Class B common stock outstanding was 14,836,256.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

						Page No.
Forward-Looking Statements						1
Part I. Financial Information						2
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)						2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021						3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021						4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021						5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021						6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 21, 2022 and 2021						7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Unaudited Financial Statements						9
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations						19
Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosure about Market Risk						24
Item 4. Controls and Procedures						25
Part II. Other Information						26
Item 1. Legal Proceedings						26
Item 1A. Risk Factors						26
Item 6. Exhibits						26
Signatures

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022 (this "Quarterly Report"), contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report are based primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, operating results, and prospects and relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “might,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue,” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions. We cannot assure you that the results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors described in the section titled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this Quarterly Report and "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 (our "Annual Report"), as well as in the other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). You should read this Quarterly Report, and the other documents we file with the SEC, with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from the results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. As such, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements made regarding changes in the competitive environment, responding to customer needs, research and product development plans, future products and services, growth in the size of our business and number of customers, strategic plans and objectives, business forecasts and plans, our future or assumed financial condition, results of operations and liquidity, trends affecting our business and industry, capital needs and financing plans, capital resource allocation plans, share repurchase plans, and commitments and contingencies, including with respect to the outcome of legal proceedings or regulatory matters. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this Quarterly Report is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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APPFOLIO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except par values)

						March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents						$	49,536					$	57,847
Investment securities—current						78,389						64,600
Accounts receivable, net						16,154						12,595
Prepaid expenses and other current assets						25,495						23,553
Total current assets						169,574						158,595
Investment securities—noncurrent						45,851						61,076
Property and equipment, net						30,582						30,479
Operating lease right-of-use assets						40,570						41,710
Capitalized software development costs, net						39,277						41,212
Goodwill						56,147						56,147
Intangible assets, net						10,558						11,711
Other long-term assets						7,475						7,087
Total assets						$	400,034					$	408,017
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable						$	4,809					$	1,704
Accrued employee expenses—current						25,151						30,065
Accrued expenses						14,470						13,284
Deferred revenue						3,692						2,512
Other current liabilities						5,898						5,077
Total current liabilities						54,020						52,642
Operating lease liabilities						54,985						55,733
Other liabilities						2,286						2,261
Total liabilities						111,291						110,636
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock						2						2
Class B common stock						2						2
Additional paid-in capital						178,924						171,930
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						(1,539)						(194)
Treasury stock						(25,756)						(25,756)
Retained earnings						137,110						151,397
Total stockholders’ equity						288,743						297,381
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity						$	400,034					$	408,017

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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APPFOLIO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2022						2021
Revenue			$	105,296					$	78,921
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)(1)			43,347						33,298
Sales and marketing(1)			24,919						16,179
Research and product development(1)			24,320						14,383
General and administrative(1)			18,964						13,361
Depreciation and amortization			8,415						7,369
Total costs and operating expenses			119,965						84,590
Loss from operations			(14,669)						(5,669)
Other (loss) income, net			(10)						562
Interest income			107						53
Loss before benefit from income taxes			(14,572)						(5,054)
Benefit from income taxes			(285)						(5,533)
Net (loss) income			$	(14,287)					$	479
Net (loss) income per common share:
Basic			$	(0.41)					$	0.01
Diluted			$	(0.41)					$	0.01
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic			34,836						34,409
Diluted			34,836						35,712

(1) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:

						Three Months Ended March 31,
						2022						2021
Stock-based compensation expense included in costs and operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)						$	358					$	471
Sales and marketing						1,460						402
Research and product development						2,806						857
General and administrative						2,794						1,046
Total stock-based compensation expense						$	7,418					$	2,776

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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APPFOLIO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2022						2021
Net (loss) income			$	(14,287)					$	479
Other comprehensive loss:
Changes in unrealized losses on investment securities			(1,345)						(18)
Comprehensive (loss) income			$	(15,632)					$	461

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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APPFOLIO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

																																	Accumulated
																											Additional						Other
			Common Stock												Common Stock												Paid-in						Comprehensive						Treasury						Retained
			Class A												Class B												Capital						Loss						Stock						Earnings						Total
			Shares						Amount						Shares						Amount
Balance December 31, 2021			19,417						$	2					15,408						$	2					$	171,930					$	(194)					$	(25,756)					$	151,397					$	297,381
Exercise of stock options			17						—						—						—						100						—						—						—						100
Stock based compensation			—						—						—						—						7,967						—						—						—						7,967
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes			17						—						—						—						(1,073)						—						—						—						(1,073)
Conversion of Class B shares to Class A shares			572						—						(572)						—						—						—						—						—						—
Other comprehensive loss			—						—						—						—						—						(1,345)						—						—						(1,345)
Net loss			—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(14,287)						(14,287)
Balance March 31, 2022			20,023						$	2					14,836						$	2					$	178,924					$	(1,539)					$	(25,756)					$	137,110					$	288,743

																																	Accumulated
																											Additional						Other
			Common Stock												Common Stock												Paid-in						Comprehensive						Treasury						Retained
			Class A												Class B												Capital						Income						Stock						Earnings						Total
			Shares						Amount						Shares						Amount
Balance at December 31, 2020			18,729						$	2					15,659						$	2					$	161,247					$	56					$	(25,756)					$	150,369					$	285,920
Exercise of stock options			23						—						—						—						100						—						—						—						100
Stock-based compensation			—						—						—						—						3,295						—						—						—						3,295
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes			42						—						—						—						(3,992)						—						—						—						(3,992)
Conversion of Class B stock to Class A stock			108						—						(108)						—						—						—						—						—						—
Other comprehensive loss			—						—						—						—						—						(18)						—						—						(18)
Net income			—						—						—						—						—						—						—						479						479
Balance at March 31, 2021			18,902						$	2					15,551						$	2					$	160,650					$	38					$	(25,756)					$	150,848					$	285,784

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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APPFOLIO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands)
			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2022						2021
Cash from operating activities
Net (loss) income			$	(14,287)					$	479
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization			7,878						6,971
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets			887						662
Deferred income taxes			(342)						(5,723)
Stock-based compensation, including as amortized			7,955						3,174
Other			427						(157)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable			(3,431)						(1,896)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			(1,942)						47
Other assets			(573)						(403)
Accounts payable			2,987						870
Accrued employee expenses—current			(5,016)						728
Accrued expenses			1,722						(3,804)
Deferred revenue			1,052						299
Operating lease liabilities			(631)						(672)
Other liabilities			1,070						(5,012)
Net cash used in operating activities			(2,244)						(4,437)
Cash from investing activities
Purchases of available-for-sale investments			(23,309)						(99,011)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale investments			—						17,899
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale investments			23,343						1,000
Purchases of property, equipment and intangible assets			(1,830)						(938)
Capitalization of software development costs			(3,484)						(6,140)
Net cash used in investing activities			(5,280)						(87,190)
Cash from financing activities
Proceeds from stock option exercises			100						100
Tax withholding for net share settlement			(1,073)						(3,992)
Net cash used in financing activities			(973)						(3,892)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			(8,497)						(95,519)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Beginning of period			58,283						140,699
End of period			$	49,786					$	45,180
Noncash investing and financing activities
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses			$	1,108					$	688
Capitalization of software development costs included in accrued expenses and accrued employee expenses			397						817
Stock-based compensation capitalized for software development			549						520

    The following table presents a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets to the total of the same such amounts shown above (in thousands):

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			March 31,
			2022						2021
Cash and cash equivalents			$	49,536					$	44,744
Restricted cash included in other assets			250						436
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			$	49,786					$	45,180

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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APPFOLIO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Nature of Business

AppFolio, Inc. ("we," "us" or "our") is a leading provider of cloud business management solutions for the real estate industry. Our solutions enable our customers to digitally transform their businesses, automate and streamline critical business operations and deliver a better customer experience. We were founded in 2006 with the vision to revolutionize vertical industry businesses by providing great software and services. Our mission is even more relevant today, when digital transformation is effectively a requirement for business success in the modern world, and the way we work and live requires powerful software solutions to enable a more seamless experience.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Certain information and disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report, which was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2022. The year-end condensed balance sheet was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. Our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring items, necessary for the fair statement of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.

Reclassification

We reclassified certain amounts in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows within the cash flows from operating activities section in the prior year to conform to the current year's presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue, expenses, other income, and benefit from income taxes during the reporting period. Assets and liabilities which are subject to judgment and use of estimates include the fair value of financial instruments, capitalized software development costs, period of benefit associated with deferred costs, incremental borrowing rate used to measure operating lease liabilities, the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, income taxes, useful lives associated with property and equipment and intangible assets, contingencies, assumptions underlying performance-based compensation (whether cash or stock-based), and assumptions underlying stock-based compensation. Actual results could differ from those estimates and any such differences may have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Net (Loss) Income per Common Share

Net (loss) income per common share was the same for shares of our Class A and Class B common stock because they are entitled to the same liquidation and dividend rights and are therefore combined in the table below. The following table presents a reconciliation of the weighted average number of shares of our Class A and Class B common stock used to compute net (loss) income per common share (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended March 31,
						2022						2021
Weighted average common shares outstanding						34,840						34,414
Less: Weighted average unvested restricted shares subject to repurchase						4						5
Weighted average common shares outstanding; basic						34,836						34,409
Plus: Weighted average options, restricted stock units and restricted shares used to compute diluted net income per common share						—						1,303
Weighted average common shares outstanding; diluted						34,836						35,712

For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, an aggregate of 202,000 and 109,000 shares, respectively, underlying performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") were not included in the computations of diluted and anti-dilutive shares as they are considered contingently issuable upon satisfaction of pre-defined performance measures and their respective performance measures have not been met. Restricted stock units ("RSUs") with an anti-dilutive effect were excluded from the calculation of weighted average number of shares used to compute diluted net income per common share and they were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Because we reported a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022, all potentially dilutive common shares are anti-dilutive for that period and have been excluded from the calculation of net loss per share.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers," which requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. We expect to adopt ASU 2021-08 on January 1, 2023.

3. Investment Securities and Fair Value Measurements

Investment Securities

Investment securities classified as available-for-sale consisted of the following as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

			March 31, 2022
			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Estimated Fair Value
Corporate bonds			$	16,678					$	—					$	(23)					$	16,655
Agency securities			19,753						—						(336)						19,417
Treasury securities			89,418						—						(1,250)						88,168
Total available-for-sale investment securities			$	125,849					$	—					$	(1,609)					$	124,240

			December 31, 2021
			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Estimated Fair Value
Corporate bonds			$	29,080					$	—					$	(11)					$	29,069
Agency securities			19,753						—						(27)						19,726
Treasury securities			77,108						2						(229)						76,881
Total available-for-sale investment securities			$	125,941					$	2					$	(267)					$	125,676

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For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, we first assess whether we intend to sell, or whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For securities in an unrealized loss position that do not meet these criteria, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit loss or other factors. If this assessment indicates a credit loss exists, the credit-related portion of the loss is recorded as an allowance for losses on the security.

As of March 31, 2022, the decline in fair value below amortized cost basis was not considered other than temporary as it is more likely than not we will hold the securities until maturity or recovery of the cost basis. No allowance for credit losses for available-for-sale investment securities was recorded as of March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the contractual maturities of our investments did not exceed 36 months. The fair values of available-for-sale investment securities, by remaining contractual maturity, are as follows (in thousands):

			March 31, 2022												December 31, 2021
			Amortized Cost						Estimated Fair Value						Amortized Cost						Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less			$	78,741					$	78,389					$	64,627					$	64,600
Due after one year through three years			47,108						45,851						61,314						61,076
Total available-for-sale investment securities			$	125,849					$	124,240					$	125,941					$	125,676

During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we had sales and maturities (which include calls) of investment securities, as follows (in thousands):

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
			Gross Realized Gains						Gross Realized Losses						Gross Proceeds from Sales						Gross Proceeds from Maturities
Corporate bonds			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	12,343
Treasury securities			—						—						—						11,000
Total			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	23,343

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
			Gross Realized Gains						Gross Realized Losses						Gross Proceeds from Sales						Gross Proceeds from Maturities
Treasury securities			$	1					$	—					$	17,899					$	1,000

Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Financial assets and financial liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following tables present our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

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			March 31, 2022
			Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total Fair Value
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds			$	5,251					$	—					$	—					$	5,251
Treasury securities			1,000						—						—						1,000
Available-for-sale investment securities:
Corporate bonds			—						16,655						—						16,655
Agency securities			—						19,417						—						19,417
Treasury securities			88,168						—						—						88,168
Total			$	94,419					$	36,072					$	—					$	130,491

			December 31, 2021
			Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total Fair Value
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds			$	6,105					$	—					$	—					$	6,105
Available-for-sale investment securities:
Corporate bonds			—						29,069						—						29,069
Agency securities			—						19,726						—						19,726
Treasury securities			76,881						—						—						76,881
Total			$	82,986					$	48,795					$	—					$	131,781

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of these items.

Fair value for our Level 1 investment securities is based on market prices for identical assets. Our Level 2 securities were priced by a pricing vendor. The pricing vendor utilizes the most recent observable market information in pricing these securities or, if specific prices are not available for these securities, other observable inputs like market transactions involving comparable securities are used.

4. Capitalized Software Development Costs, net

Capitalized software development costs were as follows (in thousands):

						March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Capitalized software development costs, gross						$	118,731					$	115,377
Less: Accumulated amortization						(79,454)						(74,165)
Capitalized software development costs, net						$	39,277					$	41,212

Capitalized software development costs were $4.1 million and $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense with respect to capitalized software development costs totaled $6.1 million and $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we disposed of $0.8 million of fully amortized capitalized software development costs.

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Future amortization expense with respect to capitalized software development costs is estimated as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,
2022						$	16,583
2023						15,002
2024						6,878
2025						814
Total amortization expense						$	39,277

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5. Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands, except years):

						March 31, 2022
						Gross Carrying Value						Accumulated Amortization						Net Carrying Value						Weighted Average Useful Life in Years
Customer relationships						$	2,840					$	(2,120)					$	720					5.0
Database						8,330						(2,828)						5,502						10.0
Technology						6,539						(5,466)						1,073						4.0
Trademarks and trade names						1,890						(1,227)						663						5.0
Partner relationships						680						(680)						—						3.0
Non-compete agreements						7,400						(4,814)						2,586						5.0
Domain names						90						(76)						14						5.0
Patents						252						(252)						—						5.0
Total intangible assets, net						$	28,021					$	(17,463)					$	10,558					6.3

						December 31, 2021
						Gross Carrying Value						Accumulated Amortization						Net Carrying Value						Weighted Average Useful Life in Years
Customer relationships						$	2,840					$	(2,006)					$	834					5.0
Database						8,330						(2,620)						5,710						10.0
Technology						6,539						(5,107)						1,432						4.0
Trademarks and trade names						1,890						(1,128)						762						5.0
Partner relationships						680						(680)						—						3.0
Non-compete agreements						7,400						(4,444)						2,956						5.0
Domain names						90						(75)						15						5.0
Patents						252						(250)						2						5.0
Total intangible assets, net						$	28,021					$	(16,310)					$	11,711					6.3

Amortization expense with respect to intangible assets totaled $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. Future amortization expense with respect to intangible assets is estimated as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,
2022						$	3,452
2023						3,060
2024						835
2025						833
2026						833
Thereafter						1,545
Total amortization expense						$	10,558

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6. Accrued Employee Expenses

Accrued employee expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

						March 31,						December 31,
						2022						2021
Accrued vacation						$	11,061					$	10,675
Accrued bonuses						4,688						13,101
Accrued commissions						1,614						2,048
Accrued payroll						5,994						3,068
Accrued severance						511						—
Accrued payroll taxes and other						1,283						1,173
Total accrued employee expenses—current						$	25,151					$	30,065

Included in Other liabilities as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are $0.9 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of noncurrent accrued employee expenses.

7. Leases

Operating leases for our corporate offices have remaining lease terms ranging from one to eleven years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to ten years. These options to extend have not been recognized as part of our operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as it is not reasonably certain that we will exercise these options. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Certain leases contain provisions for property-related costs that are variable in nature for which we are responsible, including common area maintenance, which are expensed as incurred.

The components of lease expense recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows (in thousands):

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2022						2021
Operating lease cost			$	1,447					$	1,095
Variable lease cost			123						306
Total lease cost			$	1,570					$	1,401

Lease-related assets and liabilities were as follows:

			March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			$	4,240					$	4,854
Operating lease right-of-use assets			40,570						41,710
Liabilities
Other current liabilities			$	1,992					$	1,874
Operating lease liabilities			54,985						55,733
Total lease liabilities			$	56,977					$	57,607

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Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of March 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Years ending December 31,
2022(1)			$	(1,565)
2023(1)			5,281
2024(1)			6,162
2025			6,837
2026			7,035
Thereafter			42,281
Total future minimum lease payments			66,031
Less: imputed interest			(13,294)
Total(2)			$	52,737

(1) Future minimum lease payments for the years ending December 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024 are presented net of tenant improvement allowances of $5.4 million, $0.8 million, and $0.2 million, respectively.

(2) Total future minimum lease payments include the current portion of lease liabilities recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets of $4.2 million on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, which relates to certain of our leases for which the lease incentives to be received exceed the minimum lease payments to be paid over the next 12 months.

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Liability to Landlord Insurance

We have a wholly owned subsidiary, Terra Mar Insurance Company, Inc., which was established in connection with reinsuring liability to landlord insurance policies offered to our customers by our third-party service provider. Each policy has a limit of $100 thousand per incident. We assume a 100% quota share of the liability to landlord insurance policies placed with our customers by our third-party service provider. We accrue for reported claims, and include an estimate of losses incurred but not reported by our property manager customers, in cost of revenue because we bear the risk related to all such claims. Our estimated liability for reported claims and incurred but not reported claims as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $2.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and is included in Other current liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are $2.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively, of deposits held with a third party related to requirements to maintain collateral for this insurance service.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time we may become involved in various legal proceedings, investigative inquiries, and other disputes arising from or related to matters incident to the ordinary course of our business activities. We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings, nor are we aware of any pending or threatened legal proceedings, that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition should such proceedings be resolved unfavorably.

Indemnification

In the ordinary course of business, we may provide indemnification of varying scope and terms to customers, business partners, investors, directors, officers, and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of our breach of any applicable agreements, intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties, and other liabilities relating to or arising from our services or our acts or omissions. These indemnification provisions may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification provisions may not be subject to maximum loss clauses and is indeterminable. We have not incurred any costs as a result of such indemnification obligations and have not recorded any liabilities related to such obligations in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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9. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options

A summary of activity in connection with our stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022, is as follows (number of shares in thousands):

						Number of Shares						Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share						Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life in Years
Options outstanding as of December 31, 2021						846						$	13.15					3.0
Options granted						—						—
Options exercised						(17)						5.91
Options cancelled/forfeited						—						—
Options outstanding as of March 31, 2022						829						$	13.30					2.7

Our stock-based compensation expense for stock options was not material for the periods presented.

No stock options were granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021.

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of activity in connection with our RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2022, is as follows (number of shares in thousands):

						Number of Shares						Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested as of December 31, 2021						837						$	118.27
Granted						219						115.12
Vested						(26)						108.96
Forfeited						(72)						89.10
Unvested as of March 31, 2022						958						$	119.99

Unvested RSUs as of March 31, 2022 were composed of 0.8 million RSUs with only service conditions and 0.2 million PSUs with both service conditions and performance conditions. RSUs granted with only service conditions generally vest over a four-year period. The number of PSUs granted, as included in the above table, assumes achievement of the performance metric at 100% of the performance target. Of the unvested PSUs as of March 31, 2022, 0.1 million are subject to vesting based on the achievement of pre-established performance metrics for the year ending December 31, 2022 and will vest over a three year period, assuming continued employment throughout the performance period. The actual number of shares to be issued at the end of the performance period will range from 0% to 150% of the target number of shares depending on achievement relative to the performance metric over the applicable period. The remaining 0.1 million PSUs unvested as of March 31, 2022 are subject to vesting based on the achievement of pre-established performance metrics for the years ending December 31, 2022 and 2023, assuming continued employment throughout the performance period. The actual number of shares to be issued at the end of the performance period will range from 0% to 100% of the initial target awards. Achievement of the performance metric between 100% and 150% of the performance target will result in a performance-based cash bonus payment between 0% and 65% of the initial target awards.

We recognized stock-based compensation expense for the RSUs and PSUs of $7.8 million and $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Excluded from stock-based compensation expense is capitalized software development costs of $0.5 million for both of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. As of March 31, 2022, the total estimated remaining stock-based compensation expense for the aforementioned RSUs and PSUs was $89.8 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.9 years.

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Restricted Stock Awards

A summary of activity in connection with our restricted stock awards ("RSAs") for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows (number of shares in thousands): 

						Number of Shares						Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested as of December 31, 2021						4						$	144.33
Granted						—						—
Vested						—						—
Forfeited						—						—
Unvested as of March 31, 2022						4						$	144.33

We have the right to repurchase any unvested RSAs subject to certain conditions. RSAs vest over a one-year period. Our stock-based compensation expense for RSAs was not material for the periods presented.

As of March 31, 2022, the total estimated remaining stock-based compensation expense for unvested RSAs with a repurchase right was $0.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.2 years.

10. Income Taxes

We calculate our benefit from income taxes on a quarterly basis by applying an estimated annual effective tax rate to loss from operations and by calculating the tax effect of discrete items recognized during the quarter.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax benefit of $0.3 million. The effective tax rate as compared to the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% differs primarily due to the significance of the benefits associated with stock-based compensation expense, research and development tax credits, offset by the change in the valuation allowance against deferred taxes.

There were no material changes to our unrecognized tax benefits during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and we do not expect to have any significant changes to unrecognized tax benefits through the remainder of the fiscal year.

11. Revenue and Other Information

The following table presents our revenue categories for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands): 

						Three Months Ended March 31,
						2022						2021
Core solutions						$	30,809					$	24,174
Value Added Services						71,500						51,510
Other						2,987						3,237
Total revenue						$	105,296					$	78,921

Our revenue is generated primarily from customers in the United States. All of our property and equipment is located in the United States.

Deferred Revenue

During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we recognized $1.3 million and $1.2 million of revenue, respectively, which were included in the deferred revenue balances as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

12. Subsequent Event

In April 2022, we entered into an agreement to sublet one of our office spaces and have recently made decisions to exit and explore subleasing certain other office space.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and in our Annual Report. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current expectations and reflect our plans, estimates and anticipated future financial performance. These statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report, as well as our other public filings with the SEC. Please also refer to the section of this Quarterly Report entitled "Forward-Looking Statements" for additional information.

Overview

We are a leading provider of cloud business management solutions for the real estate industry. Our solutions enable our customers to digitally transform their businesses, automate and streamline critical business operations and deliver a better customer experience. Our products assist an interconnected and growing ecosystem of users, including property managers, property owners, real estate investment managers, rental prospects, residents, and service providers with critical transactions across the real estate lifecycle, including screening potential tenants, sending and receiving payments and providing insurance-related risk mitigation services. AppFolio’s intuitive interface, coupled with streamlined and automated workflows, make it easier for our customers to eliminate redundant and manual processes so they can deliver a great experience for their users while improving financial and operational performance.

We rely heavily on our talented team of employees to execute our growth plans and achieve our long-term strategic objectives. We believe our people are at the heart of our success and our customers' success, and we have worked hard not only to attract and retain talented individuals, but also to provide a challenging and rewarding environment to motivate and develop our valuable human capital. As we navigate the challenges of increased competition for talent, we have evolved our compensation and employee reward practices, which has had, and we expect will continue to have, a material impact on our results.

Property management units under management. We believe that our ability to increase our number of property management units under management is an indicator of our market penetration, growth, and potential future business opportunities. We define property management units under management as the number of active units in our core solutions. We had 6.57 million and 5.62 million property management units under management as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Key Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

Our core solutions and certain of our Value Added Services are offered on a subscription basis. Our core solutions subscription fees vary by property type and are designed to scale to the size of our customers’ businesses. We recognize revenue for subscription-based services on a straight-line basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available. We generally invoice monthly or, to a lesser extent, annually in advance of the subscription period.

We also offer certain Value Added Services, which are not covered by our subscription fees, on a per-use basis. Usage-based fees are charged either as a percentage of the transaction amount (e.g., for certain of our electronic payment services) or on a flat fee per transaction basis with no minimum usage commitments (e.g., for our tenant screening and risk mitigation services). We recognize revenue for usage-based services in the period the service is rendered. Our electronic payments services fees are recorded gross of the interchange and payment processing related fees. We generally invoice our usage-based services on a monthly basis or collect the fee at the time of service. A significant majority of our Value Added Services revenue comes directly and indirectly from the use of our electronic payment services, tenant screening services, and risk mitigation services. Usage-based fees are paid either by customers or by users.

We charge our customers for on-boarding assistance to our core solutions and certain other non-recurring services. We generally invoice for these other services in advance of the services being completed and recognize revenue upon completion of the related service. We generate revenue from the legacy customers of previously acquired businesses by providing services outside of our property management core solution platform. Revenue derived from these services is recorded in Other revenue. As of March 31, 2022, we had 17,550 property management customers.

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Costs and Operating Expenses

Cost of Revenue. Many of our Value Added Services are facilitated by third-party service providers. Cost of revenue paid to these third-party service providers includes the cost of electronic interchange and payment processing-related services to support our electronic payments services, the cost of credit reporting services for our tenant screening services, and various costs associated with our risk mitigation service providers. These third-party costs vary both in amount and as a percent of revenue for each Value Added Service offering. Cost of revenue also consists of personnel-related costs for our employees focused on customer service and the support of our operations (including salaries, performance-based compensation, benefits, and stock-based compensation), platform infrastructure costs (such as data center operations and hosting-related costs), and allocated shared and other costs. Cost of revenue excludes depreciation of property and equipment, amortization of capitalized software development costs and amortization of intangible assets.

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expense consists of personnel-related costs for our employees focused on sales and marketing (including salaries, sales commissions, performance-based compensation, benefits, and stock-based compensation), costs associated with sales and marketing activities, and allocated shared and other costs. Marketing activities include advertising, online lead generation, lead nurturing, customer and industry events, and the creation of industry-related content and collateral. Sales commissions and other incremental costs to acquire customers and grow adoption and utilization of our Value Added Services by our new and existing customers are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit, which we have determined to be three years. We focus our sales and marketing efforts on generating awareness of our software solutions, creating sales leads, establishing and promoting our brands, and cultivating an educated community of successful and vocal customers.

Research and Product Development. Research and product development expense consists of personnel-related costs for our employees focused on research and product development (including salaries, performance-based compensation, benefits, and stock-based compensation), fees for third-party development resources, and allocated shared and other costs. Our research and product development efforts are focused on enhancing functionality and the ease of use of our existing software solutions by adding new core functionality, Value Added Services and other improvements, as well as developing new products and services for existing and adjacent markets. We capitalize our software development costs that meet the criteria for capitalization. Amortization of capitalized software development costs is included in depreciation and amortization expense.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expense consists of personnel-related costs for employees in our executive, finance, information technology, human resources, legal, compliance, corporate development and administrative organizations (including salaries, performance-based cash compensation, benefits, and stock-based compensation). In addition, general and administrative expense includes fees for third-party professional services (including audit, legal, compliance, tax, and consulting services), transaction costs related to business combinations and divestitures, regulatory fees, other corporate expenses, and allocated shared and other costs.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense includes depreciation of property and equipment, amortization of capitalized software development costs, and amortization of intangible assets. We depreciate or amortize property and equipment, software development costs, and intangible assets over their expected useful lives on a straight-line basis, which approximates the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets are consumed.

Other (Loss) Income, Net. Other (loss) income, net includes gains and losses associated with the sale of property and equipment and income from certain post-closing transition services provided by us to MyCase during fiscal year 2021.

Interest Income. Interest income includes interest earned on investment securities, amortization and accretion of the premium and discounts paid from the purchase of investment securities, and interest earned on notes receivable and on cash deposited in our bank accounts.

Benefit from Income Taxes. Benefit from income taxes consists of federal and state income taxes in the United States.

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Results of Operations

Revenue

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
Core solutions						$	30,809					$	24,174					$	6,635					27		%
Value Added Services						71,500						51,510						19,990						39		%
Other						2,987						3,237						(250)						(8)		%
Total revenue						$	105,296					$	78,921					$	26,375					33		%

The increase in revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily attributable to growth in our base of property management customers and growth in users of our subscription and usage-based services. During the three month period ended March 31, 2022, we experienced growth of 18% in the average number of property management units under management resulting from 9% growth in the average number of property management customers.

Cost of Revenue (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization)

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)						$	43,347					$	33,298					$	10,049					30		%
Percentage of revenue						41.2		%				42.2		%
Stock-based compensation, included above						$	358					$	471					$	(113)					(24)		%
Percentage of revenue						0.3		%				0.6		%

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, expenditures to third-party service providers related to the delivery of our Value Added Services increased $7.4 million, which was directly associated with the increased adoption and utilization of our Value Added Services, as evidenced by the $20.0 million increase in Value Added Services revenue. Personnel-related costs, including performance-based compensation, necessary to support growth and key investments, increased $2.3 million.

As a percentage of revenue, cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) fluctuates primarily based on the mix of Value Added Services revenue in the period, given the varying percentage of revenue we pay to third-party service providers. We expect cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the year ending December 31, 2022, to increase as a percentage of revenue, as we expect expenditures to third-party service providers related to the delivery of our Value Added Services revenue to increase at a faster rate than total revenue as a result of a higher growth rate related to our Value Added Services revenue.

Sales and Marketing

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
Sales and marketing						$	24,919					$	16,179					$	8,740					54		%
Percentage of revenue						23.7		%				20.5		%
Stock-based compensation, included above						$	1,460					$	402					$	1,058					263		%
Percentage of revenue						1.4		%				0.5		%

Sales and marketing expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased primarily due to a $6.4 million increase in personnel-related costs, including performance-based compensation, necessary to support growth in the business. Allocated shared and other costs increased by $1.7 million, primarily related to software and other costs incurred in support of our overall growth.

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Research and Product Development

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
Research and product development						$	24,320					$	14,383					$	9,937					69		%
Percentage of revenue						23.1		%				18.2		%
Stock-based compensation, included above						$	2,806					$	857					$	1,949					227		%
Percentage of revenue						2.7		%				1.1		%

Research and product development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased primarily due to an increase in personnel-related costs, including performance-based compensation, net of capitalized software development costs of $9.5 million, due to investments in our research and product development organization to support our strategy to expand the use cases of our product capabilities to the larger customer segment and to continue to strengthen the security of our product.

General and Administrative

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
General and administrative						$	18,964					$	13,361					$	5,603					42		%
Percentage of revenue						18.0		%				16.9		%
Stock-based compensation, included above						$	2,794					$	1,046					$	1,748					167		%
Percentage of revenue						2.7		%				1.3		%

General and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased primarily due to a $3.7 million increase in personnel-related costs for investments in headcount and an increase of $1.9 million in allocated shared and other costs for professional fees, education and training, insurance, software and other costs to support our growth.

Depreciation and Amortization

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
Depreciation and amortization						$	8,415					$	7,369					$	1,046					14		%
Percentage of revenue						8.0		%				9.3		%

Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased primarily due to increased amortization expense associated with higher accumulated capitalized software development balances.

Other (Loss) Income, net

			Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
			2022						2021						Amount						%
			(dollars in thousands)
Other (loss) income, net			$	(10)					$	562					$	(572)					(102)		%
Percentage of revenue			—		%				0.7		%

Other (loss) income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2022 decreased primarily due to $429 thousand in other income recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2021 related to certain post-closing transition services provided to MyCase.

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Benefit from Income Taxes

						Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						%
						(dollars in thousands)
Benefit from income taxes						$	(285)					$	(5,533)					$	5,248					*
Percentage of revenue						(0.3)		%				(7.0)		%

*Percentage not meaningful

Our effective tax rate as compared to the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% differs primarily due to the significance of the benefits associated with stock-based compensation expense and research and development tax credits, offset by the change in the valuation allowance against deferred taxes.

We expect to have a full valuation allowance on our U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets at the end of 2022 and therefore we expect income tax expense recorded for the year ended December 31, 2022 to be limited to the change in deferred taxes during the year plus current minimum state taxes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity continue to be cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities, as well as cash flows generated from our operations. We have financed our operations primarily through cash generated from operations. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, and cash generated from operating activities will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including continued market acceptance of our software solutions, changes in the number of our customers, adoption and utilization of our Value Added Services by new and existing customers, the timing and extent of the introduction of new core functionality, products and Value Added Services, the timing and extent of our expansion into new or adjacent markets, and the timing and extent of our investments across our organization. In addition, we have in the past entered into, and may in the future enter into, arrangements to acquire or invest in new technologies or markets adjacent to those we serve today. Furthermore, our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $100.0 million of shares of our Class A common stock from time to time. To date, we have repurchased $4.2 million of our Class A common stock under the share repurchase program.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended March 31,
						2022						2021
Net cash used in operating activities						$	(2,244)					$	(4,437)
Net cash used in investing activities						(5,280)						(87,190)
Net cash used in financing activities						(973)						(3,892)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash						$	(8,497)					$	(95,519)

Operating Activities

Our primary source of operating cash inflows is cash collected from our customers in connection with their use of our core solutions and Value Added Services. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are for personnel-related expenditures and third-party costs incurred to support the delivery of our software solutions.

Net cash used in operating activities was $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to net cash used in operating activities of $4.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The net decrease in cash used in operating activities was primarily due to an increase in cash collections from customers and a decrease in income taxes paid related to the sale of MyCase during the three months ended March 31, 2021, offset by an increase in loss from operations.

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Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities is generally composed of purchases of investment securities, maturities and sales of investment securities, purchases of property and equipment, and additions to capitalized software development.

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $5.3 million compared to $87.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The net decrease in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a decrease in purchases of available-for-sale investment securities, offset by an increase in proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale investment securities.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities is generally composed of net share settlements for employee tax withholdings associated with the vesting of restricted stock units ("RSUs") offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $1.0 million compared to $3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease in cash used in financing activities was primarily due to decreases in tax withholdings for net share settlements due to fewer RSUs vesting during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates described in our Annual Report that have had a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes.

Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

Investment Securities

As of March 31, 2022, we had $124.2 million of investment securities consisting of United States government agency securities, corporate bonds, and treasury securities. The primary objective of investing in securities is to support our liquidity and capital needs. We did not purchase these investments for trading or speculative purposes and have not used any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest rate risk exposure.

Our investment securities are exposed to market risk due to interest rate fluctuations. While fluctuations in interest rates do not impact our interest income from our investment securities as all of these securities have fixed interest rates, changes in interest rates may impact the fair value of the investment securities. Since our investment securities are held as available for sale, all changes in fair value impact our other comprehensive (loss) income unless an investment security is considered impaired in which case changes in fair value are reported in other expense. As of March 31, 2022, a hypothetical 100 basis point decrease in interest rates would have resulted in an increase in the fair value of our investment securities of approximately $1.1 million and a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have resulted in a decrease in the fair value of our investment securities of approximately $1.1 million. This estimate is based on a sensitivity model which measures an instant change in interest rates by 100 basis points at March 31, 2022.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the supervision and participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on our management's evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in various investigative inquiries, legal proceedings and other disputes arising from or related to matters incident to the ordinary course of our business activities, including actions with respect to intellectual property, employment, regulatory and contractual matters. Although the results of such investigative inquiries, legal proceedings and other disputes cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that we are not currently a party to any matters which, if determined adversely to us, would, individually or taken together, have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows. However, regardless of the merit of any matters raised or the ultimate outcome, investigative inquiries, legal proceedings and other disputes may generally have an adverse impact on us as a result of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

An investment in our Class A common stock involves risks. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider all of the information in this Quarterly Report, including in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes. In addition, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report, which was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2022, as well as in our other public filings with the SEC. If any of the identified risks are realized, our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our Class A common stock may decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. In addition, other risks of which we are currently unaware, or which we do not currently view as material, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects. As of the date of this report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Annual Report. We may, however, disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.

Item 6. Exhibits

			Exhibit Number						Description of Document
			31.1						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
			31.2						Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
			32.1*						Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
			101.INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document.
			101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
			101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
			101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
			101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
			101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
			104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
			*						The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 accompany this Quarterly Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and shall not be deemed “filed” by the registrant for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and are not to be incorporated by reference into any of the registrant’s filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in any such filing.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

AppFolio, Inc.

Date:

May 9, 2022

By:

/s/ Jason Randall

Jason Randall

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date:

May 9, 2022

By:

/s/ Fay Sien Goon

Fay Sien Goon

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)