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APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORP - Quarter Report: 2021 December (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
 
 
FORM
10-Q
 
 
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2021
OR
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number:
001-36370
 
 
APPLIED GENETIC
TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
 
 
Delaware
 
59-3553710
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
14193 NW 119
th
Terrace, Suite 10, Alachua, Florida 32615
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)
(386)
462-2204
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Title of class
 
Trading
Symbol(s)
 
Name of exchange
on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
 
AGTC
 
Nasdaq Global Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T
(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☒    No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated
filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  
       
Non-accelerated filer      Smaller reporting company  
       
         Emerging growth company  
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐    No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of February 
9
, 2022 was 42,921,319
.
 
 
 

Table of Contents
APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
FORM
10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
  
 
  
Page
  
  
3
ITEM 1.
  
  
3
  
  
3
  
  
4
  
  
5
  
  
6
  
  
7
ITEM 2.
  
  
15
ITEM 3.
  
  
25
ITEM 4.
  
  
25
  
  
25
ITEM 1.
  
  
25
ITEM 1A.
  
  
25
ITEM 6.
  
  
26
  
  
27
 
2


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
 
In thousands, except per share data
  
December 31, 2021
   
June 30, 2021
 
ASSETS
                
Current assets:
                
Cash and cash equivalents
   $ 72,771     $ 105,052  
Investments
     —         2,000  
Prepaid and other current assets
     2,597       2,655  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total current assets
     75,368       109,707  
Property and equipment, net
     4,416       4,658  
Intangible assets, net
     1,345       1,287  
Investment in Bionic Sight, LLC
     7,937       8,000  
Right-of-use
assets—operating leases
     3,167       3,167  
Right-of-use
asset—financing lease
     11       34  
Other assets
     126       113  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total assets
   $ 92,370     $ 126,966  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                
Current liabilities:
                
Accounts payable
   $ 1,674     $ 1,879  
Accrued and other liabilities
     14,486       14,500  
Lease liabilities—operating
     1,227       1,116  
Lease liability—finance
     13       38  
Current portion of long-term debt
     6,714       2,181  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total current liabilities
     24,114       19,714  
Lease liabilities—operating, net of current portion
     3,133       3,418  
Long-term debt, net of debt discounts and deferred financing fees
     13,538       17,727  
Other liabilities
     95       299  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total liabilities
     40,880       41,158  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity:
                
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000 shares authorized;
no
shares issued and outstanding
     —         —    
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share,
150,000
shares authorized; 42,975 and 42,835 shares issued; 42,921 and 42,794 shares outstanding at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, respectively
     43       43  
Additional
paid-in
capital
     327,235       325,245  
Treasury stock at cost; 54 and
41
shares at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, respectively
     (256     (211
Accumulated deficit
     (275,532     (239,269
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total stockholders’ equity
     51,490       85,808  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
   $ 92,370     $ 126,966  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements.
 
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APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 
    
Three Months

Ended December 31,
   
Six Months

Ended December 31,
 
In thousands, except per share data
  
2021
   
2020
   
2021
   
2020
 
Revenue
   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —    
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Operating expenses:
                                
Research and development
     14,454       11,811       26,779       23,437  
General and administrative and other
     3,989       3,304       8,089       6,740  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total operating expenses
     18,443       15,115       34,868       30,177  
Loss from operations
     (18,443     (15,115     (34,868     (30,177
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Other income (expense), net:
                                
Investment income, net
     6       29       12       93  
Interest expense
     (675     (335     (1,344     (667
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total other income (expense), net
     (669     (306     (1,332     (574
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Loss before provision for income taxes
     (19,112     (15,421     (36,200     (30,751
Provision for income taxes
     —         20       —         41  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Loss before equity in net losses of an affiliate
     (19,112     (15,441     (36,200     (30,792
Equity in net losses of an affiliate
     (32     (21     (63     (50
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net loss
   $ (19,144   $ (15,462   $ (36,263   $ (30,842
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                                
Basic
     42,886       25,883       42,855       25,850  
Diluted
     42,886       25,883       42,855       25,850  
Net loss per common share:
                                
Basic
   $ (0.45   $ (0.60   $ (0.85   $ (1.19
Diluted
   $ (0.45   $ (0.60   $ (0.85   $ (1.19
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements.
 
4

 
APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)
 
    
Common Stock
    
Treasury Stock
                    
In thousands
  
Outstanding

Shares
    
Amount
    
Shares
    
Amount
   
Additional

Paid-in

Capital
    
Accumulated

Deficit
   
Totals
 
Balances at June 30, 2021
     42,794      $ 43        41      $ (211   $ 325,245      $ (239,269   $ 85,808  
Share-based compensation expense
     —          —          —          —         810        —         810  
Shares issued under employee plans and related share repurchases
     65        —          13        (45     71        —         26  
Net loss
     —          —          —          —         —          (17,119     (17,119
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Balances at September 30, 2021
     42,859        43        54        (256     326,126        (256,388     69,525  
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
     56        —          —          —         143        —         143  
Share-based compensation expense
     —          —          —          —         946        —         946  
Shares issued under employee plans and related share repurchases
     6        —          —          —         20        —         20  
Net loss
     —          —          —          —         —          (19,144     (19,144
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Balances at December 31, 2021
     42,921      $ 43        54      $ (256   $ 327,235      $ (275,532   $ 51,490  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
           
    
Common Stock
    
Treasury Stock
                    
In thousands
  
Outstanding

Shares
    
Amount
    
Shares
    
Amount
   
Additional

Paid-in

Capital
    
Accumulated

Deficit
   
Totals
 
Balances at June 30, 2020
     25,793      $ 25        20      $ (88   $ 252,519      $ (181,440   $ 71,016  
Share-based compensation expense
     —          —          —          —         646        —         646  
Shares issued under employee plans and related share repurchases
     67        —          21        (123     43        —         (80
Net loss
     —          —          —          —         —          (15,380     (15,380
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Balances at September 30, 2020
     25,860        25        41        (211     253,208        (196,820     56,202  
Share-based compensation expense
     —          —          —          —         624        —         624  
Shares issued under employee plans and related share repurchases
     45        —          —          —         158        —         158  
Net loss
     —          —          —          —         —          (15,462     (15,462
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Balances at December 31, 2020
     25,905      $ 25        41      $ (211   $ 253,990      $ (212,282   $ 41,522  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements.
 
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APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

 
 
  
Six Months Ended December 31,
 
In thousands
  
2021
 
 
2020
 
Operating activities:
  
 
Net loss
   $ (36,263   $ (30,842
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                
Share-based compensation expense
     1,756       1,270  
Depreciation and amortization
     751       771  
Investment discount accretion, net
     —         (2
Amortization of debt discounts and deferred financing fees
     344       167  
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease
right-of-use
assets
     243       173  
Equity in net losses of an affiliate
     63       50  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                
Prepaid and other assets
     120       623  
Accounts payable
     (215     420  
Operating lease liabilities
     (417     (338
Accrued and other liabilities
     125       1,400  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Cash used in operating activities
     (33,493     (26,308
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Investing activities:
                
Purchases of property and equipment
     (821     (768
Purchases of and capitalized costs related to intangible assets
     (131     (213
Maturities of investments
     2,000       27,000  
Purchases of investments
     —         (18,992
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Cash provided by investing activities
     1,048       7,027  
Financing activities:
                
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
     143       —    
Proceeds from exercises of common stock options
     91       201  
Payments for deferred financing fees
     —         (129
Taxes paid related to equity awards
     (45     (123
Principal payments on a finance lease
     (25     (23
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
     164       (74
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
     (32,281     (19,355
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period
     105,052       38,463  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period
   $ 72,771     $ 19,108  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Supplemental
non-cash
information:
                
Costs for purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable
   $ 9     $ —    
Costs for intangible assets included in accounts payable/accrued and other liabilities
     57       33  
Right-of-use
assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
     243       —    
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements.
 
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APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
1.
Organization and Operations
General
Applied Genetic Technologies Corporation (the “Company” or “AGTC”) was incorporated as a Florida corporation on January 19, 1999 and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation on October 24, 2003. The Company is a clinical-stage biotechnology company that uses a proprietary gene therapy platform to develop transformational genetic therapies for people suffering from rare and debilitating ophthalmic, otologic and central nervous system diseases.
The Company has devoted substantially all of its efforts to research and development activities, including conducting clinical trials for its product candidates, and has not completed the development of any products. The Company has generated revenue from collaboration agreements, licensing of its intellectual property, sponsored research agreements and grants, but has not generated product revenue to date and is subject to a number of risks similar to those of other early stage companies in the biotechnology industry, including dependence on key individuals, the need to obtain additional capital necessary to fund the development of its product candidates, the risk of failure of ongoing or future clinical studies, the difficulties inherent in the development of commercially viable products, the development by the Company or its competitors of technological innovations, the protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations and the ability to transition to large-scale production of products.
Liquidity and Financial Condition
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had (i) an accumulated deficit of $275.5 million and (ii) cash and cash equivalents of $72.8 
million. Management believes that there is presently insufficient funding available to allow the Company to generate data from its ongoing and planned clinical programs and fund currently planned research and discovery programs for a period exceeding one year from the date of this filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. While the Company expects to generate some revenue from collaborations, sponsored research agreements, grants and licensing of its intellectual property, management believes that the Company will incur losses and generate negative operating cash flows for the foreseeable future. As such, these circumstances collectively raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. The Company has funded its operations to date primarily through public offerings of its common stock and warrants to purchase its common stock, private placements of its preferred stock, collateralized borrowing and collaborations.
The ability of an entity to continue as a going concern depends on, among other things, positive cash flows and the availability of suitable financing. Specifically, the Company’s future liquidity needs will be primarily based on: (i) the success and progression of its product candidates; (ii) its repayment obligations under the long-term debt agreement that is described in Note 5 to these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements; and (iii) its costs to operate the leased
build-to-suit
manufacturing and quality control facility that is described in Note 8 to these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements. To provide the maximum degree of financial flexibility and mitigate the abovementioned going concern risk, management’s near-term plans consider various potential opportunities to fund the Company’s future operations and/or modulate its liquidity needs, such as: (i) raising new capital through equity or debt financings or other sources, including the
“at-the-market
offering” program that is described in Note 7 to these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements; (ii) amending the Company’s long-term debt agreement;
(iii) out-licensing the
rights to certain product candidates; (iv) entering into one or more collaborations to offset the costs of the leased manufacturing and quality control facility through third-party cash milestone and other payments; and (v) reducing spending on research and development activities and/or restructuring the Company’s operations. However, management may be unable to successfully execute any of the plans described above, or raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms, or at all.
 
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of presentation
The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern and in accordance with (i) U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and (ii) the instructions to Form
10-Q
and Article 8 of Regulation
S-X.
Accordingly, such financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. In the opinion of management, the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals and other adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented. The accompanying Condensed Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2021 was derived from the Company’s audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the footnote disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.
 
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The Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and related notes included in its Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended June 30, 2021 (the “2021
Form 10-K”).
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the Notes to Financial Statements in the
2021 Form 10-K
and are updated, as necessary, in subsequent Form
10-Q
filings.
The Company’s fiscal year is the twelve-month period from July 1 to June 30. The results of operations for the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the Company’s operating results for the full year ending June 30, 2022 or any subsequent interim period within that year.
Management views the Company’s operations and manages its business as one segment.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP and guidelines from the Securities and Exchange Commission requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Income Taxes
The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions
meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the
amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are reflected in the provision for income taxes.
The Company’s provision for income taxes was $20,000 and $41,000 for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, respectively, which was entirely attributable to estimated interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions. There was no provision for income taxes during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 because, among other things, the Company had
no
uncertain tax positions in those reporting periods.
Net income or loss per share
Basic net income or loss per share is calculated by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period, without consideration of common stock equivalents. Diluted net income or loss per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effects of common stock equivalents outstanding during the period, determined using the treasury stock method. For purposes of diluted net income or loss per share calculations, warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock, stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance service awards are considered to be common stock equivalents if they are dilutive. The dilutive impact of common stock equivalents for (i) the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 was approximately 0.1 million shares and 0.2 million shares, respectively, and (ii) the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 was approximately 0.3 million shares and 0.4 million shares, respectively. However, those common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculations of diluted net loss per share for all periods presented herein because their effects were anti-dilutive.
The common stock equivalents for the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 excluded certain warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock, which are described in Note 7 to these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements, because the exercise price of such warrants was greater than the average market price of the Company’s common stock during the related periods.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Adopted during the six months ended December 31, 2021
Financial Instruments—Credit Losses
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
No. 2016-13,
 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic
 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
. The new standard requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected and separately measure an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of those financial assets. The Company early adopted the new standard on July 1, 2021; however, it did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
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Income Taxes
In December 2019, the FASB issued
ASU No. 2019-12,
 Income Taxes (Topic
 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes
. The new standard includes several provisions that simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and increasing consistency and clarity for the users of financial statements. The Company adopted the new standard on July 1, 2021; however, it did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Investments – Equity Securities, Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures, and Derivatives
and Hedging
In January 2020, the FASB issued
ASU No. 2020-01,
 Investments – Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)—Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815
. The new standard addresses interactions between the guidance to account for certain equity securities under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 321, the guidance to account for investments under the equity method of accounting in ASC Topic 323 and the guidance in ASC Topic 815, which could change how an entity accounts for an equity security under the measurement alternative or a forward contract or purchased option to purchase securities that, upon settlement of the forward contract or exercise of the purchased option, would be accounted for under the equity method of accounting or the fair value option in accordance with ASC Topic 825,
 Financial Instruments
. The Company adopted the new standard on July 1, 2021; however, it did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
3.
Share-based Compensation Plans
The Company uses stock options, performance service awards, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units to provide long-term incentives to its employees, nonemployee directors and certain consultants. The Company has two equity compensation plans under which awards are currently authorized for issuance: the 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the 2013 Equity and Incentive Plan. No awards have been issued to date under the 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and, as such, all of the 128,571 shares previously authorized under that plan remain available for issuance.
Stock Options
Information about the Company’s stock options that do not have performance conditions is provided below.
 
    
Six Months Ended December 31,
 
    
2021
    
2020
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
  
Shares
    
Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price
    
Shares
    
Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price
 
Outstanding at the beginning of the period
     4,186      $ 7.69        3,846      $ 7.82  
Granted
     2,371        3.11        1,237        5.28  
Exercised
     (30      3.07        (57      3.55  
Forfeited
     (262      4.22        (407      4.43  
Expired
     (512      11.25        (62      10.23  
    
 
 
             
 
 
          
Outstanding at the end of the period
     5,753      $ 5.66        4,557      $ 7.45  
    
 
 
             
 
 
          
Exercisable at the end of the period
     2,710                 2,690           
    
 
 
             
 
 
          
Weighted average fair value of options granted during the period
   $ 2.19               $ 3.81           
    
 
 
             
 
 
          
The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes stock option pricing model. Below are the assumptions that were used when estimating fair value for the periods indicated.
 
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Six Months Ended December 31,
 
Assumption
  
2021
   
2020
 
Dividend yield
     0.00     0.00
Expected term
     6.00 to 6.25 years       6.00 to 6.25 years  
Risk-free interest rate
     0.80% to 1.35     0.30% to 0.54
Expected volatility
     82.51     82.60
In addition to the stock option activity described above, the Company also granted 100,000 performance-based stock options to a senior officer during July 2019 with an exercise price of $3.91. That award: (i) was issued under the 2013 Equity and Incentive Plan; (ii) has a term of ten years; and (iii) includes six separate tranches with performance criteria that will each vest 25% upon their achievement, with the remaining 75% of the tranche vesting on a monthly basis over a period of three years subsequent to achieving the underlying performance objective (assuming continued service by the awardee). Each tranche
represents one-sixth of
the total award. If any of the performance criteria are not satisfied, that corresponding tranche will be forfeited. As of December 31, 2021, one of the six performance criteria has been met and one criterion will likely never be met. The Company used a Black-Scholes stock option pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value of each option to be $2.58; however, determining the appropriate periodic share-based compensation expense for this award requires management to estimate the likelihood of the achievement of the performance targets.
Restricted Stock Units
During August 2019, 175,500 restricted stock units with a market-based vesting condition related to the trading price of the Company’s common stock were granted to certain employees under the 2013 Equity and Incentive Plan. Those awards had a weighted average grant date fair value of $2.56. Prior to June 30, 2020, the market condition embedded in the award was met. On August 15, 2021 and 2020, 54,500 and 76,500 restricted stock units vested and the underlying shares were issued to the grantees. A total of 44,500 restricted stock units were forfeited through August 15, 2021 and, subsequent to that date, no restricted stock units with market-based vesting conditions remain outstanding. The fair value of each restricted stock unit awarded was estimated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation pricing model, which incorporated the probability of satisfying the related market-based vesting condition.
From May 2021 to July 2021, the Company granted 579,500 restricted stock units to certain employees under the 2013 Equity and Incentive Plan with a weighted average grant date fair value of $4.16. Those awards generally vest in equal amounts on each of the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant, assuming continuing service by the grantee. As of December 31, 2021, 111,000 restricted stock units have been forfeited. The fair value of each restricted stock unit awarded was determined based on the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and the related expense is being recognized using a graded vesting schedule that is aligned with the grantees’ vesting dates. No additional restricted stock unit awards are expected to be granted under this program.
Share-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 was $0.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively, compared to $0.6 million and $1.3 million for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, respectively. The portion of such expense pertaining to stock options awarded to employees, nonemployee directors and consultants was $1.2 million for each of the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. Share-based compensation expense pertaining to restricted stock awards and restricted stock units awarded to employees and consultants totaled $0.6 million and $0.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
 
4.
Investments and Fair Values of Financial Instruments
Cash in excess of immediate requirements is invested in accordance with the Company’s investment policy, which primarily seeks to maintain adequate liquidity and preserve capital. At June 30, 2021, the Company’s investments consisted of
a held-to-maturity debt
security that matured in July 2021 (the $2.0 million amortized cost of that investment approximated its fair value on such date). The Company held no investments at December 31, 2021.
The Company is required to disclose information regarding all assets and liabilities reported at fair value that enables an assessment of the inputs used when determining the reported fair values. ASC Topic 820,
 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures
, establishes a hierarchy of inputs used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The fair value hierarchy applies only to the valuation inputs used when determining the reported fair value of financial instruments and is not a measure of an investment’s credit quality. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below.
Level 1—Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
 
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Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3—Valuations that require inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
To the extent that a valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company when determining fair value is greatest for financial instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value in the Company’s financial statements or have fair values disclosed in these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements. Such assets and liabilities are classified into one of the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular item to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, including the consideration of inputs specific to the asset or liability. The methods and assumptions described below were used to estimate fair values and determine the fair value hierarchy classification of each class of financial instrument held by the Company.
Cash and Cash Equivalents.
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value because the maturities thereof are less than three months.
Debt
securities—held-to-maturity.
The Company’s investments in debt securities classified as
held-to-maturity
have historically consisted of U.S. Treasury securities that were valued using quoted market prices. Valuation adjustments were not applied.
The fair value hierarchy table below provides information about each major category of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis or disclosed at fair value in these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements.
 
In thousands
  
Level 1
    
Level 2
    
Level 3
    
Total Fair

Value
 
December 31, 2021
                                   
Cash and cash equivalents
   $ 72,771      $      $      $ 72,771  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
June 30, 2021
                                   
Cash and cash equivalents
   $ 105,052      $      $      $ 105,052  
Held-to-maturity
investment (U.S. Treasury security)
     2,000              

       2,000  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total assets
   $ 107,052      $      $      $ 107,052  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
The Company’s financial instruments also include its variable-rate borrowing under a debt agreement that is described in Note 5 to these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements. Management believes that the carrying amount of such debt (i.e., $20.3 million and $19.9 million at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, respectively) reasonably approximates its fair value on those dates because the rate of interest on such borrowing reflects current market rates of interest for similar instruments with comparable maturities and risk profiles. This assessment primarily uses Level 2 inputs under the fair value hierarchy.
 
5.
Debt
The following discussion of the Company’s debt should be read in conjunction with Note 8 to the Notes to Financial Statements in the
2021 Form 10-K.
On June 30, 2020, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (as amended effective May 13, 2021, the “Amended Loan Agreement”) with several banks and other financial institutions or entities from time to time parties to the Amended Loan Agreement (collectively, referred to as the “Lenders”) and Hercules Capital, Inc., in its capacity as administrative agent and collateral agent for itself and the Lenders.
 
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The Amended Loan Agreement provides for a term loan in an aggregate principal amount of up to $25.0 million to be delivered in multiple tranches (the “Term Loan”). The first two tranches under the Amended Loan Agreement consisted of term loan advances of $10.0 million on each of June 30, 2020 and May 13, 2021. Subject to the Lenders’ investment committee’s sole discretion, the Company has the right to request that the Lenders make additional term loan advances in an aggregate principal amount of up to $5.0 million prior to April 1, 2022 or, if certain conditions are satisfied, then prior to January 1, 2023. However, there can be no assurances that any additional term loan advances will be funded by the Lenders in the future.
As of both December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, the variable contractual interest rate on the Term Loan was 9.75% per annum and the effective interest rate on the Term Loan was 13.26%. Prior to completing the loan amendment in May 2021, the effective interest rate on the Term Loan was 13.53%.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company was in full compliance with all covenants of the Amended Loan Agreement.    
 
6.
Collaboration Agreements and Contract Liabilities
Bionic Sight, LLC
On February 2, 2017, the Company entered into a strategic research and development collaboration agreement with Bionic Sight, LLC (“Bionic Sight”) to develop therapies for patients with visual deficits and blindness due to retinal disease. Through the AGTC-Bionic Sight collaboration, the companies seek to develop a new optogenetic therapy that leverages AGTC’s deep experience in gene therapy and ophthalmology and Bionic Sight’s innovative neuro-prosthetic device and algorithm for retinal coding. The collaboration agreement grants to AGTC, subject to achievement by Bionic Sight of certain development milestones, an option to exclusively negotiate for a limited period of time to acquire: (i) a majority equity interest in Bionic Sight; (ii) the Bionic Sight assets to which the collaboration agreement relates; or (iii) an exclusive license with respect to the product to which the collaboration agreement relates.
Under the agreement, AGTC made an initial $2.0 million payment for an equity interest of approximately 5% in Bionic Sight. During March 2020, the Company’s equity interest in Bionic Sight increased to approximately 15.5% in connection with (i) AGTC’s purchase of additional equity for $4.0 million and (ii) the conversion of certain AGTC-provided research and development support costs
and in-kind contributions,
which aggregated approximately $2.2 million, to an equity interest in Bionic Sight, in each case, consistent with the provisions of the collaboration agreement. AGTC is not obligated to purchase additional equity in Bionic Sight or make any
additional in-kind contributions
under the agreement. The Company recorded its initial investment in Bionic Sight using the equity method of accounting for investments. Upon receipt of additional equity in March 2020, management concluded that equity method accounting remained appropriate.
Otonomy, Inc.
During October 2019, the Company entered into a strategic collaboration agreement with Otonomy, Inc. (“Otonomy”) to
co-develop
and
co-commercialize
an adeno-associated virus-based gene therapy to restore hearing in patients with sensorineural hearing loss caused by a mutation in the gap junction protein beta 2 gene (“GJB2”) – the most common cause of congenital hearing loss. Mutations in GJB2 account for approximately 30% of
all genetic hearing loss cases. People with this mutation can have
severe-to-profound
deafness in both ears that is identified in screening tests routinely performed on newborns. Under the collaboration agreement, the parties began equally sharing the program costs and any proceeds from potential licensing transactions in January 2020 and can include additional genetic hearing loss targets in the future. Effective January 1, 2022, the Otonomy collaboration agreement was amended to increase Otonomy’s responsibility for the overall development and commercialization of the program, which resulted in (i) a reduction in the Company’s share of future product development costs and (ii) the Company’s potential receipt of future payments, and royalties on any product sales in lieu of equal sharing of any potential profits or proceeds related to the program.
The Company concluded that the Otonomy collaboration agreement is within the scope of ASC Topic 808,
 Collaborative Arrangements
 (“Topic 808”), which defines collaborative arrangements and addresses the presentation of transactions between the parties in an entity’s statement of operations and the related disclosures. However, Topic 808 does not provide guidance on the recognition of consideration exchanged or accounting for the obligations that may arise between the parties. The Company concluded that ASC Topic 730,
 Research and Development,
 should be applied by analogy to payments between the parties during the development activities. As such, payments made to or received from Otonomy for development activities are recorded as research and development expenses. For each of the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, settlement activity between the parties under the Otonomy agreement had an immaterial effect on the Company’s research and development expenses.
 
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Contract Liabilities
As of December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, accrued and other liabilities on the Company’s balance sheets included $449,000 and $374,000, respectively, of deferred revenue. The account balance at December 31, 2021 included $75,000 that was billed to a customer but remained uncollected as of such date. The corresponding uncollected account balance at June 30, 2021 was $225,000 (such amount was collected by the Company in July 2021). Management expects that $300,000 of the deferred revenue at December 31, 2021 will be recognized as revenue during the year ending June 30, 2022; however, management is unable to estimate when the Company will satisfy the performance obligations pertaining to its residual deferred revenue at December 31, 2021.​​​​​​​
 
7.
Stockholders’ Equity
Public Offering of AGTC Equity Securities
On February 1, 2021, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of 16,741,573 shares of its common stock, together with accompanying warrants to purchase 8,370,786 shares of its common stock. The combined offering price of each share of common stock and accompanying warrant was $4.45, generating gross proceeds of $74.5 million, before deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering expenses payable by the Company, which totaled $5.2 million.
The warrants have an exercise price of $6.00 per share (subject to certain adjustments), are immediately exercisable and expire on February 1, 2026. The warrants are legally detachable from the common stock that was issued on February 1, 2021 and are separately exercisable by the warrant holders. While the warrants are outstanding (but unexercised), the warrant holders will participate in any dividend or other distribution of the Company’s assets to its common stockholders by way of return of capital or otherwise. As of December 31, 2021, none of the warrants have been exercised.
At-The-Market Offering Program
On April 2, 2021, the Company entered into a Controlled Equity Offering
SM
 Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Cantor”) as sales agent to sell shares of the Company’s common stock, from time to time,
through an “at-the-market offering” program
with an aggregate offering amount of up to
$50.0 
million. Cantor is entitled to aggregate compensation equal to
3.0%
 
of the gross sales price of the shares sold through it pursuant to the Sales Agreement. During the six months ended December 31, 2021, the Company received net proceeds of
$143,000 from selling 55,580
 
shares of its common stock under the Sales Agreement; however, neither Cantor nor the Company is obligated to sell additional shares under this program in the future.
 
8.
Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Commitment
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had entered into a long-term real property lease agreement that has not yet commenced and, therefore, is not recorded on its balance sheets. This lease, which is discussed in Note 3 to the Notes to Financial Statements in the
2021 Form 10-K
under the
heading “Build-To-Suit Manufacturing and
Quality Control Facility in Alachua, Florida,”
requires non-cancelable undiscounted
future base rent payments aggregating
$26.8 million over twenty years
 
(assuming that the Company does not elect the early termination option). In connection with the new leased facility, the Company had financial commitments for equipment and shared building fit out costs of approximately $6 million as of December 31, 2021.
COVID-19 Pandemic
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (the “WHO”) announced a global health emergency because of a new strain of coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China
(“COVID-19”)
and the risks to the international community as the virus spread globally beyond its point of origin. In March 2020, the WHO classified the
COVID-19
outbreak as a pandemic based on the rapid increase in exposure globally. National, state and local governments in affected regions have implemented, and are likely to continue to implement, safety precautions, including quarantines, border closures, increased border controls, travel restrictions, shelter in place orders and shutdowns, business closures, cancellations of public gatherings and other measures. Organizations and individuals are taking additional steps to avoid or reduce infection, including limiting travel and staying home from work.
The worldwide
spread of COVID-19 led to
a global slowdown of economic activity and decreased demand for a broad variety of goods and services, while also disrupting sales channels and marketing activities and precipitating many corporate bankruptcy filings. As a result of the
COVID-19
outbreak, the Company has experienced delays in enrollment of its clinical trials and may continue to see delays as the rise in
COVID-19
and/or related variants causes capacity constraints at various clinical trial sites. The Company could also experience delays resulting from critical
follow-up visits required
under clinical trial protocols, which could increase the cost of

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those trials and also impact their expected timelines. Management’s ability to fully interpret the trial outcomes and the ability of certain
lab-based employees to
perform their jobs
due to stay-at-home orders or
other restrictions
related to COVID-19 could also
result in delays and increase the Company’s operating expenses. Furthermore, third-party vendors, such as raw material suppliers and contract manufacturing, testing or research organizations, have also been impacted
by COVID-19
and could continue to be impacted, which could result in unavoidable delays and/or increases in the Company’s operating costs.
Notwithstanding the rapid development and rollout of certain vaccines, it is unknown: (i) how long the
COVID-19
outbreak will continue before the virus, including newly identified strains and variants, is adequately contained; (ii) the severity of the virus; and (iii) the effectiveness of actions to prevent transmission and treat those who have contracted
COVID-19.
The extent to which the
COVID-19
outbreak may impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows is uncertain; however, as of the date of these financial statements, management is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require the Company to update its estimates or judgments, or adjust the carrying values of its assets or liabilities. Because future events are subject to change, management’s best estimates and judgments may require future modification. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from current estimates. Management is closely monitoring the evolving impact of the pandemic on all aspects of the Company’s business and periodically evaluates its estimates, which are adjusted prospectively based on such evaluations.
General
From time to time, the Company may be involved in claims and legal actions that arise in the normal course of business. Management has no reason to believe that the outcome of any such legal actions would have a significant adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis provides an overview of our financial condition as of December 31, 2021 and our results of operations for the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q,
as well as our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended June 30, 2021 (the “2021
Form 10-K”).
In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A, and elsewhere in this report, as well as those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of the 2021
Form 10-K.
Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, including results and timing of our clinical trials and planned clinical trials, business strategies and operations, financing plans, potential growth opportunities, potential market opportunities and the effects of competition, as well as assumptions relating to the foregoing. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “expects,” “hopes,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our management’s plans, estimates, assumptions and beliefs only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.
As used herein, except as otherwise indicated by context, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” “AGTC” or the “Company” refer to Applied Genetic Technologies Corporation.
Overview
We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company that uses our proprietary gene therapy platform technology to develop transformational genetic therapies for people suffering from rare and debilitating diseases. Our initial focus is in the field of ophthalmology, where we have wholly owned clinical-stage
programs in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa
(“XLRP”) and achromatopsia (“ACHM”) and an optogenetics program through our collaboration with Bionic Sight, LLC (“Bionic Sight”). Our preclinical pipeline includes a program in dry
age-related macular degeneration
(“dAMD”), two programs targeting central nervous system (“CNS”) disorders, including frontotemporal dementia (“FTD”) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (“ALS”), and a program in otology through our collaboration with Otonomy, Inc. (“Otonomy”). With a number of important clinical milestones on the horizon, we believe that we are well positioned to advance multiple programs toward pivotal studies. In addition to our product pipeline, we have also developed broad technological and manufacturing capabilities utilizing both our internal scientific resources and through collaborations with others.
Since our inception, we have devoted substantially all of our resources to the development of our clinical and preclinical programs in ophthalmology, otology and CNS, including manufacturing product candidates in compliance with good manufacturing practices, preparing to conduct and conducting clinical trials of our product candidates, providing general and administrative support for these operations and protecting our intellectual property. We do not have any products approved for sale and have not generated any revenue from product sales. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through public offerings of our common stock and warrants to purchase our common stock, private placements of our preferred stock, collateralized borrowing and collaborations. We have also been the recipient, either independently or with our collaborators, of grant funding administered through federal, state, and local governments and agencies and by patient advocacy groups such as The Foundation Fighting Blindness.
We have incurred losses from operations in each year since inception, except for fiscal year 2017, wherein we reported net income of $0.4 million due, in part, to profits from a collaboration agreement that was ultimately terminated in March 2019. For the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, we reported net losses of $36.3 million and $30.8 million, respectively. Substantially all our net losses resulted from costs incurred in connection with our research and development programs and general and administrative and other expenses associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant operating expenses for at least the next several years and anticipate that such expenses will increase substantially in connection with our ongoing activities as we:
 
   
continue to conduct clinical trials for our XLRP and ACHM product candidates;
 
   
manufacture clinical trial materials and develop larger-scale manufacturing capabilities, including the lease of our new
build-to-suit
manufacturing and quality control facility;
 
   
continue to develop our gene therapy platform and expand our pipeline by investing in our preclinical product candidates, including those for:
 
   
additional orphan and
non-orphan
ophthalmology indications, such as dAMD and other retinal diseases; and
 
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other inherited diseases in CNS and otology;
 
   
seek regulatory approval for our product candidates;
 
   
add personnel to support our scientific, collaboration, product development and commercialization efforts; and
 
   
continue to operate as a public company.
As of December 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents totaling $72.8 million. We do not expect to generate revenue from product sales unless and until we successfully complete development of and obtain regulatory approval for one or more of our product candidates, which we expect will take a number of years and which we believe is subject to significant uncertainty. We believe that our available cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to allow us to generate data from our ongoing and planned clinical programs and fund currently planned research and discovery programs into calendar year 2023. We will require substantial additional funding to complete our XLRP Phase 2/3 (“Vista”) trial, move our ACHMB3 product candidate forward, obtain regulatory approval for our lead product candidates, build the sales, marketing and distribution infrastructure that we believe will be necessary to commercialize our lead product candidates, if approved, and execute our plan to open and operate a leased current Good Manufacturing Practices (“cGMP”) manufacturing and quality control facility. Also, our current operating plan may change as a result of many factors currently unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned, through public or private equity or debt financings, government or other third-party funding, marketing and distribution arrangements and other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements, acquisitions or other business development activities, or a combination of these approaches. However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms, or at all. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to develop our product candidates and continue our research and development efforts.
Program Updates and Recent Developments
AGTC-501
for the Treatment of XLRP
AGTC-501,
our lead gene therapy development program for the treatment of XLRP, uses an engineered adeno-associated virus (“AAV’) vector to insert a stabilized and functional copy of the Retinitis Pigmentosa GTSase Regulator (“RPGR”) gene into a patient’s photoreceptor cells.
AGTC-501
is comprised of a stabilized RPGR gene and a promoter that was specifically selected due to its ability to drive efficient gene expression in primate rods and cones, maintain photoreceptor function and delay disease progression in preclinical models of disease. In addition, published
non-human
primate studies have demonstrated that AGTC’s proprietary AAV capsid has as much as twice the transfection efficiency in photoreceptors when compared to capsids used in competing programs.
We are currently conducting multiple clinical trials of
AGTC-501
that are intended to support the potential filing of a Biologics License Application (“BLA”). The Skyline trial is a 14 patient multi-site, Phase 2 trial in which patients are randomized to either a high or low dose of
AGTC-501
with the primary objective of identifying the proportion of treated eyes that demonstrate improvement from baseline in visual sensitivity and visual acuity as well as a patient’s ability to navigate a mobility maze more successfully under varying light and challenge conditions. The Skyline trial has the same overall design as the Vista clinical trial and is the first trial we are conducting that has the potential to demonstrate a correlation between visual sensitivity and visual acuity with a mobility maze, which is a key secondary/functional endpoint in the Vista trial. We completed enrollment in the Skyline trial in the first quarter of calendar year 2022 and plan to report
3-month
interim results for the Skyline trial in the second quarter of calendar year 2022.
The Vista trial is a multi-site, Phase 2/3 clinical trial expected to include approximately 60 patients randomized across three
arms: a low-dose group (the
1.2E+11 vg/mL Group 2 dose from the ongoing Phase 1/2 and Skyline trials), a high-dose group (the 1.1E+12 vg/mL Group 5 dose from the ongoing Phase 1/2 and Skyline trials) and an untreated control group. The primary endpoint will be improvement in visual sensitivity, defined as having at least a 7 decibel increase in visual sensitivity in at
least 5 pre-specified loci at
Month 12. Together with a third-party vendor, we have developed a machine learning algorithm based on the available microperimetry data from our Phase 1/2 dose escalation trial that,
on a patient-by-patient basis, predicts
the loci most likely to improve through evaluation of baseline visual sensitivity. Secondary endpoints in the Vista trial include mean change in visual sensitivity, improvements in visual acuity and performance on the mobility maze as well as structural improvements in retinal health as measured by changes in the ellipsoid zone (the “EZ”), a defined region within the photoreceptor layer of the retina that degenerates over time and is eventually lost in patients with XLRP. We plan to complete a masked interim analysis, with the data expected to be released in the first half of calendar year 2023. The interim analysis, together with data from the Phase 1/2 and Skyline trials, may provide us with the opportunity to discuss with the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) potential adjustments to the Vista trial, if necessary, that may accelerate a potential BLA filing or optimize the outcome of the trial.
To date, we have released a significant amount of preclinical and clinical data that we believe demonstrate both the safety and biological activity of
AGTC-501.
Most recently, in September 2021, Dr. Paul Yang, Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology at the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University and one of our study investigators, presented data from the ongoing Phase
 
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1/2 trial at the Fourteenth International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration showing that certain baseline characteristics of the EZ were highly predictive of improved outcomes after treatment. Specifically, the data showed a statistically significant association between improvements in visual sensitivity as measured by MAIA and improvements in retinal health as measured by improvement in the EZ in dose Groups 4 to 6. We incorporated these findings into the inclusion/exclusion criteria for the Skyline and Vista clinical trials.
Given the activity and safety data generated to date, we believe that
AGTC-501
is a potential
best-in-class product
candidate that may provide significant benefits to patients with XLRP. We expect to achieve the following milestones, subject to any continuing impact of the
COVID-19
pandemic:
 
   
provide
3-month interim
Skyline trial results in the second quarter of calendar year 2022;
 
   
provide
24-month
results from the ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial in the third quarter of calendar year 2022;
 
   
provide
12-month
Skyline trial results in the first quarter of calendar year 2023; and
 
   
provide interim Vista trial results in the first half of calendar year 2023.
AGTC-401
and
AGTC-402
for the Treatment of ACHM
We have two gene therapy product candidates in development to treat ACHM. The product candidates use the same engineered AAV vector to insert a stabilized and functional copy of the Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Channel Subunit Beta 3 (CNGB3) gene in the case of
AGTC-401
and a stabilized and functional copy of the Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Channel Subunit Alpha 3 (CNGA3) gene in the case of
AGTC-402.
The product candidates use the same proprietary cone-specific promoter that was designed to maximize gene expression into a patient’s photoreceptor cells. We chose the promoter based on data from preclinical studies that demonstrated an ability to drive efficient gene expression in all three types of primate cone photoreceptors and restore cone photoreceptor function in dog, mouse and sheep models of ACHM.
We are currently conducting two Phase 1/2 clinical trials in ACHM patients at multiple clinical sites that specialize in inherited retinal diseases. The primary objective of these trials is to identify a well-tolerated dose that provides clinical benefit to patients. To date, we have enrolled a total of 31 adult and pediatric patients into the ACHMB3 trial and 24 adult and pediatric patients in the ACHMA3 trial and do not currently plan to enroll any additional patients in either trial. We have data from a portion of the patients in these trials up to 24 months after treatment, including our most recent release in February 2022 of
3-month
data for the two highest dose groups of ACHMB3 and ACHMA3 pediatric patients that also included updated adult safety data. These data are consistent with the data previously released in adult and pediatric ACHMB3 and ACHMA3 patients.
In the Phase 1/2 dose escalation study of
AGTC-401
in ACHMB3 patients, a total of 21 adults were treated over a
100-fold
dose range in five groups and a total of 10 pediatric patients were treated at the three highest dose groups. Secondary outcome measures evaluating efficacy were assessed by standard visual function tests, such as perimetry. We defined two pediatric patients (17 and 7 years old) in the 1.1E+12 vg/mL dose group as responders based on improvements in visual sensitivity. Therefore, of the three adults and four children (total n=7) in the 1.1E+12 vg/mL dose group, four (>50%) are responders based on improvements in visual sensitivity. These patients also had improvements in quality of life as measured by a patient reported outcome survey developed specifically for patients with ACHM.
The two other pediatric patients in the 1.1E+12 vg/mL dose group and three pediatric patients ages 7 years and younger in the 3.2E+12 vg/mL dose group (total n=5) could not sufficiently concentrate and consistently complete the visual sensitivity testing. Similar to other trials where endpoints are adapted for young children, we plan to work closely with clinicians and regulators to develop potential adaptations for younger patients for visual sensitivity testing. Despite their inability to complete the tests, we received anecdotal feedback from certain patients that indicate improvements in visual sensitivity. Based on the totality of data generated to date, we believe that the 1.1E+12 vg/mL dose is well tolerated and provides clinical benefit in both adult and pediatric patients.
Subject to receiving feedback from the FDA at an
End-of-Phase
2 meeting planned for the first half of calendar year 2022, we intend to advance the clinical development of
AGTC-401.
Our plan is based on the favorable risk benefit profile of the 1.1E+12 vg/mL dose, which had a generally safe and well tolerated safety profile across all patients and signs of biologic response based on improvements in visual sensitivity and other measures of visual function.
We also reported updated interim
3-month
pediatric results and adult and pediatric safety results for the 24 patients enrolled in a parallel study of
AGTC-402
targeting CNGA3 mutations in patients with ACHMA3. Data from the five pediatric patients in the two highest dose groups are consistent with previously reported results, indicating no evidence of clinical improvements, and do not
 
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support further clinical development. Most patients with CNGA3 mutations express a mutant protein that is not typically found in patients with CNGB3 mutations, which we believe may have impacted the results seen in patients that received
AGTC-402.
We will continue to follow the ACHMA3 patients for long-term safety observations.
As previously reported, in both the ACHMB3 and ACHMA3 trials, treatment with the highest dose (3.2 E+12vg/ml) of
AGTC-401
and
AGTC-402,
respectively, led to three cases of severe ocular inflammation in pediatric patients, which were reported as Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Reactions, or SUSARs. No new additional SUSARs in any adult or pediatric patients have been reported and the inflammation in all previously reported SUSARs improved with an adjusted steroid regimen. Two SUSARs (one in ACHMA3 and one in ACHMB3) have since fully resolved and one (ACHMA3) continues to resolve, with all three patients’ best corrected visual acuity returning to baseline. Importantly, we did not see any comparable inflammation in any of our XLRP clinical trials.
Build-To-Suit Manufacturing
and Quality Control Facility in Alachua, Florida
In May 2021, we signed
a 20-year lease
for
a build-to-suit 21,250
square foot cGMP manufacturing and quality control facility adjacent to our existing Florida facility to prepare for late-stage development of our XLRP and ACHM programs. Leasing this cGMP facility is part of our strategy to enable more rapid filing of a BLA and commercial launch of our XLRP candidate upon potential FDA approval. The cGMP facility is also expected to support more rapid advancement of our product pipeline while providing supply chain redundancy, reducing manufacturing risk and enhancing quality controls. We anticipate that
the build-out of
the new manufacturing and quality control facility will be completed during the second half of calendar year 2022.
Additional information regarding our new cGMP manufacturing and quality control facility can be found in Note 8 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q
under the heading “Lease Commitment.”
Strategic Collaborations and Preclinical Pipeline
Bionic Sight
During February 2017, we entered into a strategic research and development collaboration agreement with Bionic Sight to develop therapies for patients with visual deficits and blindness due to retinal disease. Through the AGTC-Bionic Sight collaboration, the companies seek to develop a new optogenetic therapy that leverages AGTC’s deep experience in gene therapy and ophthalmology and Bionic Sight’s innovative neuro-prosthetic device and algorithm for retinal coding. The collaboration agreement grants to us, subject to achievement by Bionic Sight of certain development milestones, an option to exclusively negotiate for a limited period of time to acquire: (i) a majority equity interest in Bionic Sight; (ii) the Bionic Sight assets to which the collaboration agreement relates; or (iii) an exclusive license with respect to the product to which the collaboration agreement relates.
In March 2021, Bionic Sight, which has responsibility for conducting the clinical trial, reported promising results in its first two cohorts of patients in the Phase 1/2 retinitis pigmentosa optogenetics study. Bionic Sight reported that these patients, all of whom have complete or near-complete blindness, can now see light and motion, and, in two cases, can detect the direction of motion. The product appears to be safe and well tolerated and Bionic Sight is continuing to enroll patients at higher doses.
Otonomy
During October 2019, we entered into a strategic collaboration agreement with Otonomy
to co-develop and co-commercialize an
AAV-based
gene therapy to restore hearing in patients with sensorineural hearing loss caused by a mutation in the gap junction protein beta 2 gene (“GJB2”) – the most common cause of congenital hearing loss. Mutations in GJB2 account for approximately 30% of all genetic hearing loss cases. Patients with this mutation
can have severe-to-profound deafness in
both ears that is identified in screening tests routinely performed in newborns. Under the collaboration agreement, the parties began equally sharing the program costs and any proceeds from potential licensing transactions in January 2020 and can include additional genetic hearing loss targets in the future. Effective January 1, 2022, we amended the Otonomy collaboration agreement to increase Otonomy’s responsibility for the overall development and commercialization of the program, which resulted in (i) a reduction in our share of future product development costs and (ii) our potential receipt of future payments, and royalties on any product sales in lieu of equal sharing of any potential profits or proceeds related to the program.
We and Otonomy announced promising preclinical data at the American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy meeting in May 2021, demonstrating the rescue of hearing loss and cochlear morphology in two independent mouse models. Collectively, we are conducting investigational new drug (“IND”)-enabling activities based
on pre-IND meeting
feedback from the FDA, with an IND filing anticipated in the first half of calendar year 2023.
 
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Additional information regarding the Bionic Sight and Otonomy collaborative agreements can be found in Note 6 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q.
Preclinical Pipeline
We also have three wholly-owned product candidates in preclinical testing, including
AGTC-701
for the treatment of dAMD,
AGTC-601
for the treatment of FTD and
AGTC-801
for the treatment of ALS.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q is
based on our financial statements, which have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern and in accordance with (i) U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and (ii) the instructions to
Form 10-Q and
Article 8 of
Regulation S-X. The
preparation of those financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, judgments and methodologies, including those related to accrued expenses and share-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience, current conditions, known trends and events, and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from our estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Moreover, we may need to change the assumptions underlying our estimates due to risks and uncertainties related to
the COVID-19 pandemic
or otherwise and those changes could have a material adverse effect on our statements of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
During the six months ended December 31, 2021, there were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates. For a description of our accounting policies that, in our opinion, involve the most significant application of judgment or involve complex estimations and which could, if different judgments or estimates were made, materially affect our reported results of operations, financial position and cash flows, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in the
2021 Form 10-K.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 2 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
for further information about recently issued accounting standards.
Financial Operations Review
Revenue
We generate revenue primarily through: (i) collaboration agreements; (ii) sponsored research arrangements with nonprofit organizations for the development and commercialization of product candidates; (iii) federal research and development grant programs; and (iv) licensing arrangements. However, we did not recognize any revenue during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 or the same periods in the prior year. In the future, we may generate revenue from product sales (if any products are approved), license fees, milestone payments, development services, research and development grants, or from collaboration and royalty payments for the sales of products developed under licenses of our intellectual property.
We expect that any revenue we generate will fluctuate from quarter to quarter as a result of the timing and amount of license fees, research and development programs, manufacturing efforts and reimbursements, collaboration milestone payments, and the sale of our products, to the extent that any are approved and successfully commercialized. We do not expect to generate revenue from product sales for the foreseeable future, if at all. If we or our collaborators fail to complete the development of our product candidates in a timely manner or obtain regulatory approval for them, our ability to generate future revenue and our results of operations, financial position and cash flows would be materially adversely affected.
Research and development expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for the development of our product candidates and include:
 
   
employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel and share-based compensation expense;
 
   
expenses incurred under agreements with academic research centers, contract research organizations and investigative sites that conduct our clinical trials;
 
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license and sublicense fees and collaboration expenses;
 
   
costs of acquiring, developing and manufacturing clinical trial materials; and
 
   
facilities, depreciation and other expenses, which include direct and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities, insurance and other supplies.
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Costs for certain development activities are recognized based on an evaluation of the progress toward completion of specific tasks, using information and data provided to us by our vendors and our clinical sites.
We cannot determine with certainty the duration and completion costs of the current or future clinical trials of our product candidates or if, when, or to what extent we will generate revenue from the commercialization and sale of any of our product candidates that obtain regulatory approval. We may never succeed in achieving regulatory approval for any of our product candidates. The duration, costs and timing of clinical trials and development of our product candidates will depend on a variety of factors, including:
 
   
the scope, rate of progress and expense of our ongoing clinical trials, as well as any additional clinical trials that we are required to, or decide to, initiate and other research and development activities;
 
   
the timing and level of activity as determined by us or jointly with our partners;
 
   
the level of funding, if any, received from our partners;
 
   
whether or not we elect to cost share with our collaborators;
 
   
future clinical trial results;
 
   
uncertainties in clinical trial enrollment rates or
drop-out
or discontinuation rates of patients;
 
   
increased cost and delay associated with manufacturing or testing issues, including ongoing quality assurance, qualifying new vendors and developing
in-house
capabilities through, among other things, our lease of a new cGMP
build-to-suit
manufacturing and quality control facility;
 
   
the countries in which trials are conducted;
 
   
potential additional safety monitoring or other studies requested by regulatory agencies or elected as best practice by us;
 
   
significant and changing government regulation; and
 
   
the timing and receipt of any regulatory approvals.
Changes in any of these variables over time with respect to the development of a product candidate could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. For example, if the FDA or another regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those that we currently anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate or if we experience significant delays in enrollment in or execution of any of our clinical trials, which could be adversely impacted by the
COVID-19
pandemic, we could be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time on the completion of clinical trial activities and development of our product candidates.
From our inception and through December 31, 2021, we have incurred approximately $309.4 million in research and development expenses. We expect our research and development expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we continue the development of our product candidates, explore potential applications of our gene therapy platform in other indications and execute our plan to open and operate a leased cGMP manufacturing and quality control facility.
General and administrative and other expenses
General and administrative and other expenses primarily consist of salaries and related costs for personnel, including share-based compensation and travel expenses for our employees in executive, operational, legal, business development, finance and human resource functions. Other general and administrative expenses include costs to support employee training and development, board of directors’ costs, depreciation, insurance, facility-related costs not otherwise included in research and development expenses, professional fees for legal services, patent-related expenses, and accounting, investor relations, corporate communications and information technology services. We anticipate that our general and administrative and other expenses will continue to increase in the future as we hire additional employees to support our research and development efforts, collaboration arrangements, and the potential commercialization of our product candidates, if approved. Additionally, if and when we believe that regulatory approval of our first product candidate appears likely, we anticipate an increase in payroll and related expenses as a result of our preparation for commercial operations, especially as it relates to the sales and marketing of any such product candidate. Our general and administrative expenses are also expected to increase as we execute our plan to open and operate a leased cGMP manufacturing and quality control facility.
 
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Investment income, net
Investment income, net consists of interest earned on cash and cash
equivalents and held-to-maturity investments in
debt securities. During the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, investment income, net declined by $23,000 and $81,000, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year, primarily due to a smaller investment portfolio in the current period.
Interest expense
Interest expense during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 increased by $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. These increases were primarily due to higher average outstanding balances under our collateralized term loan agreement during the 2021 periods. Additional information regarding our long-term loan agreement can be found in Note 5 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q.
Provision for income taxes
The provision for income taxes was $20,000 and $41,000 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, which was entirely attributable to estimated interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions. There was no provision for income taxes during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 because, among other things, the Company had no uncertain tax positions during those reporting periods.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
Research and development expenses
The table below summarizes our research and development expenses by product candidate or program for the periods indicated.
 
    
Three Months

Ended December 31,
    
Increase
    
% Increase
 
In thousands
  
2021
    
2020
    
(Decrease)
    
(Decrease)
 
External research and development expenses:
           
XLRP
   $ 4,450      $ 4,869      $ (419      (9 )% 
ACHM
     1,098        1,212        (114      (9 )% 
XLRS
     13        59        (46      (78 )% 
Research and discovery programs
     2,289        516        1,773        >100
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total external research and development expenses
     7,850        6,656        1,194        18
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Internal research and development expenses:
           
Employee-related costs
     4,214        3,193        1,021        32
Share-based compensation
     459        269        190        71
Other
     1,931        1,693        238        14
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total internal research and development expenses
     6,604        5,155        1,449        28
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total research and development expenses
   $ 14,454      $ 11,811      $ 2,643        22
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
External research and development expenses consist of collaboration, licensing, manufacturing, testing and other miscellaneous costs that are directly attributable to our most advanced product candidates and discovery programs. We do not allocate employee-related costs, including share-based compensation, costs associated with broad technology platform improvements or other indirect costs, to specific programs, as they are deployed across multiple projects under development and, as such, are separately classified as internal research and development expenses in the table above.
Research and development expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $14.5 million and $11.8 million, respectively, an increase of $2.6 million, or 22%. The increase was primarily attributable to:
 
   
$1.8 million of increased external spending for our research and discovery programs, which was primarily due to planned material production costs in connection with our preclinical CNS program targeting FTD;
 
   
$1.0 million of higher employee-related costs that were primarily attributable to new employees that were hired in connection with our strategic operating plans;
 
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$0.9 million of increased external spending for our Skyline trial due to planned clinical activities; and
 
   
$0.2 million of higher share-based compensation costs that were primarily due to restricted stock units granted to certain employees from May 2021 to July 2021 (the “2021 RSUs”).
Such increases were partially offset by $1.3 million of lower external spending for our Vista trial, which was primarily due to a year-over-year reduction in manufacturing activities for clinical trial materials. The decrease of $0.1 million in ACHM expenses was primarily due to reduced site activity as our two clinical studies have progressed to a point where they are no longer processing new site activations or enrolling new study participants. Additionally, there was a nominal decrease in research and development expenses in connection with the wind-down
of our X-linked retinoschisis, or XLRS,
program.
General and administrative and other expenses
The table below summarizes our general and administrative and other expenses for the periods indicated.
 
    
Three Months

Ended December 31,
    
Increase

(Decrease)
    
% Increase

(Decrease)
 
In thousands
  
2021
    
2020
 
Employee-related costs
   $ 1,367      $ 1,195      $ 172        14
Share-based compensation
     487        355        132        37
Legal and professional fees
     164        365        (201      (55 )% 
Other
     1,971        1,389        582        42
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total general and administrative and other expenses
   $ 3,989      $ 3,304      $ 685        21
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
General and administrative and other expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $4.0 million and $3.3 million, respectively, an increase of $0.7 million, or 21%. Such increase was primarily due to: (i) compensation for new employees; (ii) incremental share-based compensation costs for the 2021 RSUs; and (iii) higher operating and business development costs pertaining to our recurring operations as we execute our strategic plans. Lower legal fees during the three months ended December 31, 2021 were due to reduced use of external legal counsel. Total general and administrative and other expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2021 were consistent with those for the three months ended September 30, 2021.
Comparison of the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
Research and development expenses
The table below summarizes our research and development expenses by product candidate or program for the periods indicated.
 
    
Six Months

Ended December 31,
    
Increase
    
% Increase
 
In thousands
  
2021
    
2020
    
(Decrease)
    
(Decrease)
 
External research and development expenses:
           
XLRP
   $ 9,101      $ 8,729      $ 372        4
ACHM
     1,891        2,850        (959      (34 )% 
XLRS
     86        152        (66      (43 )% 
Research and discovery programs
     3,127        1,017        2,110        >100
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total external research and development expenses
     14,205        12,748        1,457        11
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Internal research and development expenses:
           
Employee-related costs
     7,930        6,415        1,515        24
Share-based compensation
     890        586        304        52
Other
     3,754        3,688        66        2
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total internal research and development expenses
     12,574        10,689        1,885        18
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total research and development expenses
   $ 26,779      $ 23,437      $ 3,342        14
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Research and development expenses for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $26.8 million and $23.4 million, respectively, an increase of $3.3 million, or 14%. The increase was primarily attributable to:
 
   
$2.1 million of increased external spending for our research and discovery programs, which was primarily due to planned material production costs in connection with our preclinical CNS program targeting FTD;
 
   
$1.7 million of increased external spending for our Skyline trial due to planned clinical activities;
 
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$1.5 million of higher employee-related costs that were primarily attributable to new employees that were hired in connection with our strategic operating plans; and
 
   
$0.3 million of higher share-based compensation costs that were primarily due to the 2021 RSUs.
Such increases were partially offset by $1.2 million and $0.1 million of lower external spending for our Vista and ongoing XLRP Phase 1/2 trials, respectively. The decline in the Vista expenses was primarily due to a year-over-year reduction in manufacturing activities for clinical trial materials. The decrease of $1.0 million in ACHM expenses was primarily due to reduced site activity as our two clinical studies have progressed to a point where they are no longer processing new site activations or enrolling new study participants. Additionally, there was a nominal decrease in research and development expenses in connection with XLRS program.
General and administrative and other expenses
The table below summarizes our general and administrative and other expenses for the periods indicated.
 
    
Six Months

Ended December 31,
    
Increase
    
% Increase
 
In thousands
  
2021
    
2020
    
(Decrease)
    
(Decrease)
 
Employee-related costs
   $ 2,588      $ 2,434      $ 154        6
Share-based compensation
     866        684        182        27
Legal and professional fees
     586        909        (323      (36 )% 
Other
     4,049        2,713        1,336        49
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Total general and administrative and other expenses
   $ 8,089      $ 6,740      $ 1,349        20
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
General and administrative and other expenses for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $8.1 million and $6.7 million, respectively, an increase of $1.3 million, or 20%. Such increase was primarily due to: (i) compensation for new employees; (ii) incremental share-based compensation costs for the 2021 RSUs; and (iii) higher operating and business development costs pertaining to our recurring operations as we execute our strategic plans. Lower legal fees during the six months ended December 31, 2021 were due to reduced use of external legal counsel. Total general and administrative and other expenses for the six months ended December 31, 2021 were consistent with those for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have incurred cumulative losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception and, as of December 31, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $275.5 million. It will be several years, if ever, before we have a product candidate ready for commercialization. We expect that our research and development expenses and general and administrative and other expenses will continue to increase and, as a result, we anticipate that we will require additional capital to fund our operations, which we may raise through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, other third-party funding, marketing and distribution arrangements and other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements.
Most recently, we received: (i) net proceeds of $143,000 in November 2021 from selling our common stock through an
“at-the-market
offering” program that is described in Note 7 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q;
(ii) $9.9 million of loan proceeds, net of debt discounts, in May 2021; and (iii) net proceeds of $69.3 million in February 2021 from the underwritten public offering that is described in Note 7 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q.
Among other things, the May 2021 loan proceeds are expected to partially fund certain equipment and shared building fit out costs, as well as new employee hires, in connection with our lease and operation of a cGMP
build-to-suit
manufacturing and quality control facility in Alachua, Florida. Importantly, through a tenant improvement allowance and tiered rental rates, we have structured our third-party leasing costs for this facility in a way that will not significantly impact our cash runway until the fiscal year ending June 30, 2024. Additional information regarding our long-term loan agreement and new manufacturing and quality control facility can be found in Notes 5 and 8, respectively, to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q.
We are closely monitoring ongoing developments in connection with
the COVID-19 pandemic,
which may negatively impact our projected cash position and access to capital. We will continue to assess our cash position and, if circumstances warrant, make appropriate adjustments to our operating plan.
Cash in excess of immediate requirements is invested in accordance with our investment policy, which primarily seeks to maintain adequate liquidity and preserve capital by generally limiting investments to certificates of deposit and investment-grade debt securities that mature within twelve months. As of December 31, 2021, our cash and cash equivalents were held in bank accounts and money market funds.
 
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Cash flows
The table below sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash for the periods indicated.
 
    
Six Months

Ended December 31,
    
Increase
    
% Increase
 
In thousands
  
2021
    
2020
    
(Decrease)
    
(Decrease)
 
Cash provided by (used in):
           
Operating activities
   $ (33,493    $ (26,308    $ (7,185      (27 )% 
Investing activities
     1,048        7,027        (5,979      (85 )% 
Financing activities
     164        (74      238        >100
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
   $ (32,281    $ (19,355    $ (12,926      67
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
Operating activities.
For both the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, cash used in operating activities was primarily the result of research and development expenses and general and administrative and other expenses incurred in conducting normal business operations. Specifically, the cash used in operating activities of $33.5 million during the six months ended December 31, 2021 was due to a net loss of $36.3 million and unfavorable changes in our operating assets and liabilities of $0.4 million, partially offset
by non-cash items
in our statement of operations of $3.2 million. The cash used in operating activities of $26.3 million during the six months ended December 31, 2020 was due to a net loss of $30.8 million, partially
offset by non-cash items in
our statement of operations of $2.4 million and favorable changes in our operating assets and liabilities of $2.1 million.
Investing activities.
Cash provided by investing activities of $1.0 million during the six months ended December 31, 2021 consisted primarily of cash proceeds of $2.0 million from maturities of investments, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment of $0.8 million and intellectual property costs of $0.1 million. Cash provided by investing activities of $7.0 million during the six months ended December 31, 2020 consisted primarily of cash proceeds of $27.0 million from maturities of investments, net of investment purchases of $19.0 million, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment of $0.8 million and intellectual property costs of $0.2 million.
Financing activities.
Cash provided by financing activities of $0.2 million during the six months ended December 31, 2021 consisted of proceeds from issuances of our common stock, net of issuance costs, and exercises of common stock options, partially offset by (i) payments for taxes related to equity awards and (ii) principal payments on a finance lease. Cash used in financing activities of $0.1 million during the six months ended December 31, 2020 consisted of (i) payments for deferred financing fees and taxes related to equity awards and (ii) principal payments on a finance lease, partially offset by proceeds from exercises of common stock options.
Operating capital requirements
We have not generated any revenue from product sales and we do not know when, or if, we will generate such revenue. We do not expect to have significant revenue from product sales unless and until we obtain regulatory approval of and commercialize one of our current or future product candidates. We anticipate that we will continue to generate losses for the foreseeable future as we continue the development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our product candidates, and begin to commercialize any approved products. We are subject to all of the risks incident in the development of new gene therapy products, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors that may adversely affect our business.
We believe that our available cash and cash equivalents, which totaled $72.8 million on December 31, 2021, will be sufficient to allow us to generate data from our ongoing and planned clinical programs and fund currently planned research and discovery programs into calendar year 2023. However, we will require substantial additional funding to: (i) finish our Vista trial; (ii) move our ACHMB3 product candidate forward; (iii) complete the process necessary to seek regulatory approval for our lead product candidates; (iv) build the sales, marketing and distribution infrastructure that we believe will be necessary to commercialize our lead product candidates, if approved; and (v) execute our plan to open and operate a leased cGMP manufacturing and quality control facility.
To provide the maximum degree of financial flexibility, we may consider various potential opportunities to fund future operations and/or modulate liquidity needs including: (i) raising new capital through equity or debt financings or other sources, including our
“at-the-market
offering” program; (ii) amending our long-term debt agreement;
(iii) out-licensing
the rights to certain of our product candidates; (iv) entering into one or more collaborations to offset the costs of our leased manufacturing and quality control facility; and (v) reducing our expenditures on research and development activities and/or restructuring our operations. However, we may be unable to successfully execute any of the plans described above, or raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms, or at all. Additional information regarding our liquidity and related matters can be found in Note 1 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q
under the heading ”Liquidity and Financial Condition.”
 
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ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are a smaller reporting company, as defined by
Rule 12b-2 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are not required to provide this information.
 
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
a)
Conclusions Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Rules 13a-15e
and
15d-15e
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2021.
 
b)
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in
Rules 13a-15f and 15d-15f under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the quarter ended December 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not a party to any pending legal proceedings. However, due to the nature of our business, we may be subject to lawsuits or other claims arising at any particular time in the ordinary course of business, and we expect that this situation will continue to be the case in the future.
 
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
Refer to Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for
the year ended June 30, 2021 (the “2021 Form
10-K”)
for information regarding our risk factors. Except as noted below, there have been no material changes in the risk factors included in the 2021 Form
10-K.
We have identified conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We may be forced to amend, delay, limit, reduce or terminate the scope of our clinical and preclinical programs and/or limit or cease our operations if we are unable to obtain additional funding. As of December 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents totaling $72.8 million. We believe that there is presently insufficient funding available to allow us to generate data from our ongoing and planned clinical programs and fund currently planned research and discovery programs for a period exceeding 12 months from the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q.
During such
12-month
period, our future liquidity needs will be primarily based on the: (i) success and progression of our product candidates; (ii) repayment obligations under our long-term debt agreement; and (iii) costs to operate our leased
build-to-suit
manufacturing and quality control facility. We will also require substantial additional funding to: (i) finish our Vista trial; (ii) move our ACHMB3 product candidate forward; (iii) complete the process necessary to seek regulatory approval for our lead product candidates; and (iv) build the sales, marketing and distribution infrastructure that we believe will be necessary to commercialize our lead product candidates, if approved. To provide the maximum degree of financial flexibility, we may consider various potential opportunities to fund future operations and/or modulate liquidity needs, including: (i) raising new capital through equity or debt financings or other sources, including our
“at-the-market
offering” program; (ii) amending our long-term debt agreement;
(iii) out-licensing
the rights to certain of our product candidates; (iv) entering into one or more collaborations to offset the costs of our leased manufacturing and quality control facility; and (v) reducing our expenditures on research and development activities and/or restructuring our operations. However, we may be unable to successfully execute any of the plans described above, or raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms, or at all. The failure to obtain sufficient funds on commercially acceptable terms when needed would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and would jeopardize our ability to continue our operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
Additional information regarding our ability to continue as a going concern can be found in Note 1 to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q
under the heading ”Liquidity and Financial Condition.”
 
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ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
    3.1   Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 1, 2014)
    3.2   Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 1, 2014)
  10.1#   Employment Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2021, by and between the Company and Susan Schneider (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 14, 2021 (File No. 001-36370))
  10.2#   Employment Agreement, dated November 9, 2021, by and between the Company and Jonathan Lieber (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on November 12, 2021 (File No. 001-36370))
  10.3*#   Employment Agreement, dated November 6, 2021, by and between the Company and Hope R. D’Oyley-Gay
  10.4*#   Employment Agreement, dated November 15, 2021, by and between the Company and Abraham Scaria
  31.1*   Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  31.2*   Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  32.1**   Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*   Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH*   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*   The cover page for the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
has been formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101
 
*
Filed herewith.
**
Furnished herewith.
#
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
 
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
APPLIED GENETIC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
(Registrant)
By:   /s/ Jonathan I. Lieber
 
Jonathan I. Lieber, Chief Financial Officer
 
Date: February 14, 2022
 
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