Archer-Daniels-Midland Co - Quarter Report: 2018 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018


o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number 1-44

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware	41-0129150
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I. R. S. Employer Identification No.)

77 West Wacker Drive, Suite 4600 Chicago, Illinois (Address of principal executive offices)	60601 (Zip Code)

(312) 634-8100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer x	Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o
	Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, no par value – 560,644,375 shares

(November 5, 2018)

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION


ITEM 1.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Consolidated Statements of Earnings

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(In millions, except per share amounts)

Revenues	$	15,800		$	14,827		$	48,394		$	44,758
Cost of products sold	14,742			14,015			45,266			42,182
Gross Profit	1,058			812			3,128			2,576

Selling, general, and administrative expenses	534			478			1,607			1,519
Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs	1			107			41			140
Interest expense	87			79			267			246
Equity in (earnings) losses of unconsolidated affiliates	(131		)	(46		)	(378		)	(327		)
Interest income	(40		)	(27		)	(115		)	(75		)
Other (income) expense – net	(25		)	(4		)	(42		)	7
Earnings Before Income Taxes	632			225			1,748			1,066

Income taxes	96			30			250			256
Net Earnings Including Noncontrolling Interests	536			195			1,498			810

Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			3			3			3

Net Earnings Attributable to Controlling Interests	$	536		$	192		$	1,495		$	807

Average number of shares outstanding – basic	565			566			564			571

Average number of shares outstanding – diluted	568			569			567			574

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.95		$	0.34		$	2.65		$	1.41

Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.94		$	0.34		$	2.64		$	1.41

Dividends per common share	$	0.335		$	0.320		$	1.005		$	0.960

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(In millions)

Net earnings including noncontrolling interests	$	536		$	195		$	1,498		$	810
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(178		)	245			(369		)	628
Tax effect	(1		)	(40		)	(23		)	(4		)
Net of tax amount	(179		)	205			(392		)	624

Pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities adjustment	8			174			23			193
Tax effect	(3		)	(66		)	(7		)	(74		)
Net of tax amount	5			108			16			119

Deferred gain (loss) on hedging activities	77			(26		)	(12		)	12
Tax effect	(17		)	6			4			1
Net of tax amount	60			(20		)	(8		)	13

Unrealized gain (loss) on investments	(7		)	6			(11		)	1
Tax effect	—			—			—			—
Net of tax amount	(7		)	6			(11		)	1
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(121		)	299			(395		)	757
Comprehensive income (loss) including noncontrolling interests	415			494			1,103			1,567

Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			4			3			5

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	$	415		$	490		$	1,100		$	1,562

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets



(In millions)	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	915		$	804
Segregated cash and investments	4,426			4,826
Trade receivables	1,934			1,947
Inventories	8,483			9,173
Other current assets	3,707			3,175
Total Current Assets	19,465			19,925

Investments and Other Assets
Investments in and advances to affiliates	5,293			5,088
Long-term marketable securities	26			92
Goodwill and other intangible assets	4,065			3,918
Other assets	930			802
Total Investments and Other Assets	10,314			9,900

Property, Plant, and Equipment
Land	462			470
Buildings	5,105			5,043
Machinery and equipment	18,210			18,056
Construction in progress	1,100			1,224
	24,877			24,793
Accumulated depreciation	(14,992		)	(14,655		)
Net Property, Plant, and Equipment	9,885			10,138
Total Assets	$	39,664		$	39,963

Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Shareholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Short-term debt	$	532		$	857
Trade payables	3,082			3,894
Payables to brokerage customers	4,519			4,973
Accrued expenses and other payables	2,925			2,833
Current maturities of long-term debt	590			13
Total Current Liabilities	11,648			12,570

Long-Term Liabilities
Long-term debt	6,730			6,623
Deferred income taxes	965			1,053
Other	1,275			1,342
Total Long-Term Liabilities	8,970			9,018

Temporary Equity - Redeemable noncontrolling interest	46			53

Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock	2,541			2,398
Reinvested earnings	18,478			17,552
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,032		)	(1,637		)
Noncontrolling interests	13			9
Total Shareholders’ Equity	19,000			18,322
Total Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Shareholders’ Equity	$	39,664		$	39,963

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)



(In millions)	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Operating Activities
Net earnings including noncontrolling interests	$	1,498		$	810
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	706			684
Asset impairment charges	33			81
Deferred income taxes	(124		)	(27		)
Equity in earnings of affiliates, net of dividends	(147		)	(131		)
Stock compensation expense	88			63
Deferred cash flow hedges	(11		)	12
Gains on sales of assets and businesses	(45		)	(66		)
Other – net	(92		)	174
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Segregated investments	1,144			268
Trade receivables	(62		)	106
Inventories	578			703
Deferred consideration in securitized receivables	(5,413		)	(5,404		)
Other current assets	(720		)	1,317
Trade payables	(776		)	(259		)
Payables to brokerage customers	(433		)	(94		)
Accrued expenses and other payables	96			(1,486		)
Total Operating Activities	(3,680		)	(3,249		)

Investing Activities
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment	(555		)	(696		)
Proceeds from sales of business and assets	177			172
Net assets of businesses acquired	(324		)	(187		)
Purchases of marketable securities	—			(499		)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities	—			572
Investments in and advances to affiliates	(127		)	(281		)
Investments in retained interest in securitized receivables	(3,391		)	(3,089		)
Proceeds from retained interest in securitized receivables	8,804			8,493
Other – net	(9		)	(14		)
Total Investing Activities	4,575			4,471

Financing Activities
Long-term debt borrowings	762			509
Long-term debt payments	(13		)	(840		)
Net borrowings (payments) under lines of credit agreements	(317		)	558
Share repurchases	—			(676		)
Cash dividends	(568		)	(544		)
Other – net	32			4
Total Financing Activities	(104		)	(989		)

Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	791			233
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents - beginning of period	1,858			1,561
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents - end of period	$	2,649		$	1,794

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents to the consolidated balance sheets

Cash and cash equivalents	$	915		$	518
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in segregated cash and investments	1,734			1,276
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	$	2,649		$	1,794

Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing Activity:
Retained interest in securitized receivables	$	5,598		$	5,257

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Archer-Daniels-Midland-Company

Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)



	Common Stock			Reinvested Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Noncontrolling Interests		Total Shareholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Reinvested Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Noncontrolling Interests		Total Shareholders’ Equity
	(In millions)

Balance, December 31, 2017	557	$	2,398	$	17,552		$	(1,637	)	$	9	$	18,322
Comprehensive income
Net earnings				1,495						3
Other comprehensive income (loss)							(395		)	—
Total comprehensive income												1,103
Dividends paid - $1.005 per share				(568		)						(568		)
Stock compensation expense	1	88										88
Other	2	55		(1		)	—			1		55
Balance, September 30, 2018	560	$	2,541	$	18,478		$	(2,032	)	$	13	$	19,000

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)


Note 1.	Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company consolidates all entities, including variable interest entities (VIEs), in which it has a controlling financial interest. For VIEs, the Company assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary as defined under the applicable accounting standard. Investments in affiliates, including VIEs through which the Company exercises significant influence but does not control the investee and is not the primary beneficiary of the investee’s activities, are carried at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings since acquisition and are adjusted, where appropriate, for basis differences between the investment balance and the underlying net assets of the investee. The Company’s portion of the results of certain affiliates and results of certain VIEs are included using the most recent available financial statements. In each case, the financial statements are within 93 days of the Company’s year end and are consistent from period to period.

Reclassifications

The Company classified $5.4 billion of cash inflows from net consideration received for beneficial interest obtained for selling trade receivables as investing instead of operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 in accordance with the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 230, Statement of Cash Flows (see Note 2 for more information). Prior period amounts have been conformed to the current presentation, which resulted in a decrease of $5.4 billion in total cash provided by operating activities and a corresponding increase in cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

The Company classified $1 million of income and $4 million of other components of net benefit cost as other (income) expense - net in its consolidated statement of earnings for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as a result of the adoption of the amended guidance of ASC Topic 715, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (see Note 2 for more information). Amounts previously reported with the service cost component of net benefit cost in cost of goods sold of $9 million and selling, general, and administrative expenses of $11 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 have been reclassified to other (income) expense - net to conform to the current presentation. There were no amounts reported with the service cost component of net benefit cost in cost of goods sold and selling, general, and administrative expenses for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company changed its segment reporting to reflect changes in its operating structure: Origination (formerly Agricultural Services), Oilseeds (formerly Oilseeds Processing), Carbohydrate Solutions (formerly Corn Processing) and Nutrition (formerly Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients). The European origination business previously reported in Oilseeds is now managed by leaders in Origination to better coordinate continental trading activities. Carbohydrate Solutions now includes the results of ADM Milling which were previously reported in Origination. In addition, the Company also moved the segment reporting of its renewable chemicals business from Carbohydrate Solutions to Oilseeds effective July 1, 2018. Nutrition now includes the results of Animal Nutrition and certain product lines previously reported in Carbohydrate Solutions, as well as certain product lines previously reported in Oilseeds.

Throughout this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, prior period results have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 1.	Basis of Presentation (Continued)

Segregated Cash and Investments

The Company segregates certain cash, cash equivalents, and investment balances in accordance with regulatory requirements, commodity exchange requirements, and insurance arrangements. These balances represent deposits received from customers of the Company’s registered futures commission merchant and commodity brokerage services, cash margins and securities pledged to commodity exchange clearinghouses, and cash pledged as security under certain insurance arrangements. Segregated cash and investments also include restricted cash collateral for the various insurance programs of the Company’s captive insurance business. To the degree these segregated balances are comprised of cash and cash equivalents, they are considered restricted cash and cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows.

Last-in, First-out (LIFO) Inventories

Interim period LIFO calculations are based on interim period costs and management’s estimates of year-end inventory levels. Because the availability and price of agricultural commodity-based LIFO inventories are unpredictable due to factors such as weather, government farm programs and policies, and changes in global demand, quantities of LIFO-based inventories at interim periods may vary significantly from management’s estimates of year-end inventory levels.


Note 2.	New Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the amended guidance of ASC Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments - Overall, which is intended to improve the recognition and measurement of financial instruments. The amended guidance requires an entity to measure equity investments, except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee, at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amended guidance also simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by using a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. The adoption of this amended guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial results.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new guidance of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), for all contracts that had not been completed as of the adoption date (the modified retrospective approach). Topic 606 requires the Company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new guidance requires the Company to apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. Many of the Company’s forward commodity sales contracts are considered physically settled derivatives under ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and are therefore excluded from the scope of Topic 606. Comparative balance sheet and statement of earnings information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the guidance of ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), that was in effect as of December 31, 2017 and in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance as an adjustment to the opening reinvested earnings balance at January 1, 2018 was less than $1 million. For more information about the adoption of Topic 606, see Note 4.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the amended guidance of ASC 230, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), which provides guidance on the application of the predominance principle and the presentation and classification of specific cash flow issues including a requirement to classify consideration received for beneficial interest obtained for selling trade receivables as investing instead of operating activities. The adoption of the amended guidance on the Company’s accounts receivable securitization programs resulted in expanded disclosures and a reclassification of cash inflows from operating activities to investing activities (see Note 1 for reclassification amounts). The adoption of amendments related to the other cash flow items did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the amended guidance of ASC Topic 715, Compensation - Retirement Benefits, which requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. The adoption of this amended guidance requires expanded disclosures and the reclassification of the other components of net benefit cost from cost of products sold and selling, general, and administrative expenses to other (income) expense - net in the Company’s consolidated statements of earnings but did not impact financial results (see Note 1 for reclassification amounts).

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 3.	Pending Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company will be required to adopt the new guidance of ASC Topic 842, Leases (Topic 842), which will supersede ASC Topic 840, Leases. Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for all leases. The Company expects to adopt Topic 842 using a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The adoption of this new guidance will require expanded disclosures in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company has established a cross-functional implementation team consisting of representatives from accounting, legal, procurement, and operations. The Company utilized surveys to centrally gather more information about its existing leases and lease processes and to gather lease contracts. To ensure completeness of the population of lease contracts, the results of the survey will be cross-referenced against other available lease information (i.e., year-end disclosures and lease expense). The Company is also working with a vendor to implement a lease accounting system which will assist in delivering the required accounting changes and disclosures. As of September 30, 2018, the Company has completed the configuration of the lease accounting system and started testing activities. The final phase of the implementation plan will include testing and dry-run activities, updating the system with additional lease data since the initial upload, and system reconfiguration as needed. The impact of the new standard will result in a significant increase to right of use assets and lease liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, primarily as a result of operating leases currently not recognized on the balance sheet. The Company expects to complete its assessment of the impact of the new guidance on its financial results during the final phase of the implementation, which is expected to be completed in early 2019.

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company will be required to adopt the amended guidance of ASC Topic 220, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”), eliminating the stranded tax effects resulting from the Act and improving the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. In addition, the Company will be required to disclose (1) a description of its accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income; (2) whether it elects to reclassify the stranded income tax effects from the Act; and (3) information about other income tax effects related to the application of the Act that are reclassified from AOCI to retained earnings, if any. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not been issued. The Company expects to make a decision whether it will elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects resulting from the Act by the end of 2018.

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company will be required to adopt the amended guidance of ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which is intended to improve financial reporting by requiring more timely recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. The amended guidance requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company does not expect the adoption of this amended guidance to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial results.

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company will be required to adopt the amended guidance of ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this amended guidance will not impact the Company’s financial results.

Effective December 31, 2021, the Company will be required to adopt the amended guidance of ASC Subtopic 715-20, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General, which modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this amended guidance will not impact the Company’s financial results.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 4.	Revenues

Revenue Recognition

The Company principally generates revenue from merchandising and transporting agricultural commodities and manufactured products used as ingredients in food, feed, energy, and industrial products. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract with a customer, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company follows a policy of recognizing revenue at a single point in time when it satisfies its performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. For transportation service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time as the barge, ocean-going vessel, truck, rail, or container freight moves towards its destination in accordance with the transfer of control guidance of Topic 606. For physically settled derivative sales contracts that are outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by ASC 610-20, Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Topic 610-20).

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs related to contracts with customers for sale of goods are accounted for as a fulfillment activity and are included in cost of products sold. Accordingly, amounts billed to customers for such costs are included as a component of revenues.

Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities

The Company does not include taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are (i) imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected from customers, in the measurement of transactions prices or as a component of revenues and cost of products sold.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

The Company generally recognizes revenue at a point in time with the exception of revenue from transportation services which is recognized over time. The majority of the Company’s contracts with customers have one performance obligation and a contract duration of one year or less. The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph 10-50-14 of Topic 606 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 4.	Revenues (Continued)

Disaggregation of Revenues

The following table presents revenue disaggregated by timing of recognition and major product lines for the three months ended September 30, 2018.



	Topic 606 Revenue						Topic 815⁽¹⁾		Total
	Point in Time		Over Time		Total		Revenue		Revenues
	(In millions)
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	396	$	57	$	453	$	5,333	$	5,786
Transportation	—		64		64		—		64
Total Origination	396		121		517		5,333		5,850
Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	330		—		330		4,109		4,439
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	593		—		593		1,378		1,971
Total Oilseeds	923		—		923		5,487		6,410
Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	1,261		—		1,261		445		1,706
Bioproducts	828		—		828		—		828
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	2,089		—		2,089		445		2,534
Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	641		—		641		—		641
Animal Nutrition	281		—		281		—		281
Total Nutrition	922		—		922		—		922

Other	84		—		84		—		84
Total Revenues	$	4,414	$	121	$	4,535	$	11,265	$	15,800

⁽¹⁾Topic 815 revenue relates to the physical delivery or the settlement of the Company’s sales contracts that are accounted for as derivatives and are outside the scope of Topic 606.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 4.	Revenues (Continued)

The following table presents revenue disaggregated by timing of recognition and major product lines for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.



	Topic 606 Revenue						Topic 815⁽¹⁾		Total
	Point in Time		Over Time		Total		Revenue		Revenues
	(In millions)
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	1,542	$	179	$	1,721	$	16,768	$	18,489
Transportation	—		182		182		—		182
Total Origination	1,542		361		1,903		16,768		18,671
Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	647		—		647		12,225		12,872
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	1,787		—		1,787		4,101		5,888
Total Oilseeds	2,434		—		2,434		16,326		18,760
Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	3,699		—		3,699		1,349		5,048
Bioproducts	2,734		—		2,734		—		2,734
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	6,433		—		6,433		1,349		7,782
Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	1,970		—		1,970		—		1,970
Animal Nutrition	920		—		920		—		920
Total Nutrition	2,890		—		2,890		—		2,890

Other	291		—		291		—		291
Total Revenues	$	13,590	$	361	$	13,951	$	34,443	$	48,394

⁽¹⁾Topic 815 revenue relates to the physical delivery or the settlement of the Company’s sales contracts that are accounted for as derivatives and are outside the scope of Topic 606.

Origination

The Origination segment generates revenue from the sale of commodities and from service fees for the transportation of goods. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over a product or providing service to a customer. For transportation service contracts in Transportation, the Company recognizes revenue over time as the barge, ocean-going vessel, truck, rail, or container freight moves towards its destination in accordance with the transfer of control guidance of Topic 606. For physically settled derivative sales contracts that are outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by Topic 610-20.

Oilseeds

The Oilseeds segment generates revenue primarily from the sale of products manufactured in its global processing facilities. The segment also generates revenue from the sale of raw commodities in its South American grain origination business and from the sale of peanuts, tree nuts, and peanut-derived ingredients. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over a product. The amount of revenue recognized follows the contractually specified price which may include freight or other contractually specified cost components. For physically settled derivative sales contracts that are outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by Topic 610-20.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 4.	Revenues (Continued)

Carbohydrate Solutions

The Carbohydrate Solutions segment generates revenue from the sale of products manufactured at the Company’s global corn and milling facilities around the world. Revenue is recognized when control over products is transferred to the customer. Products are shipped to the customers from the Company’s various facilities and from its network of storage terminals. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration specified in the contract which could include freight and other costs depending on the specific shipping terms of each contract. For physically settled derivative sales contracts that are outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by Topic 610-20.

Nutrition

The Nutrition segment sells specialty products including natural flavor ingredients, flavor systems, natural colors, animal nutrition products, other specialty food and feed ingredients. Revenue is recognized when control over products is transferred to the customer. The amount of revenue recognized follows the contracted price or the mutually agreed price of the product. Freight and shipping are recognized as a component of revenue at the same time control transfers to the customer.

Other

Other includes the Company’s futures commission business whose primary sources of revenue are commissions and brokerage income generated from executing orders and clearing futures contracts and options on futures contracts on behalf of its customers. Commissions and brokerage revenue are recognized on the date the transaction is executed. Other also includes the Company’s captive insurance business which generates third party revenue through its proportionate share of premiums from third-party reinsurance pools. Reinsurance premiums are recognized on a straight-line basis over the period underlying the policy.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities relate to advance payments from customers for goods and services that the Company has yet to provide. Contract liabilities of $106 million and $185 million as of September 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, respectively, were recorded in accrued expenses and other payables in the consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities recognized as revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $36 million and $286 million, respectively.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 4.	Revenues (Continued)

Impacts on Financial Statements

The following tables summarize the impacts of Topic 606 adoption on the various lines of the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (excerpt)



	January 1, 2018		September 30, 2018
	After Adoption		As		Under		Effect of
	of Topic 606		Reported		Topic 605		Change
	(In millions)
Assets
Trade receivables	$	2,343	$	1,934	$	1,675	$	259
Inventories	8,770		8,483		8,760		(277		)
Other current assets	3,175		3,707		3,713		(6		)
Total Current Assets	19,918		19,465		19,489		(24		)
Total Assets	$	39,956	$	39,664	$	39,688	$	(24	)
Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Shareholders’ Equity
Accrued expenses and other payables	$	2,826	$	2,925	$	2,947	$	(22	)
Total Current Liabilities	12,563		11,648		11,670		(22		)
Reinvested earnings	17,552		18,478		18,480		(2		)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	18,322		19,000		19,002		(2		)
Total Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Shareholders’ Equity	$	39,956	$	39,664	$	39,688	$	(24	)

Consolidated Statements of Earnings (excerpt)



	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2018						September 30, 2018
	As		Under		Effect of		As		Under		Effect of
	Reported		Topic 605		Change		Reported		Topic 605		Change
	(In millions)
Revenues	$	15,800	$	15,785	$	15	$	48,394	$	48,518	$	(124	)
Cost of products sold	14,742		14,729		13		45,266		45,388		(122		)
Gross profit	1,058		1,056		2		3,128		3,130		(2		)
Earnings before income taxes	632		630		2		1,748		1,750		(2		)
Income taxes	96		95		1		250		250		—
Net earnings including noncontrolling interests	536		535		1		1,498		1,500		(2		)
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests	536		535		1		1,495		1,497		(2		)

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 5.	Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company acquired Probiotics International Limited (also known as Protexin) and Rodelle Inc. for an aggregate consideration of $366 million in cash. The aggregate consideration of these acquisitions, net of $42 million in cash acquired, was allocated as follows:



	(In millions)
Working capital	$	(7	)
Property, plant, and equipment	39
Goodwill	165
Other intangible assets	137
Long-term liabilities	(1		)
Noncontrolling interest	(9		)
Aggregate cash consideration, net of cash acquired	$	324

Goodwill allocated in connection with the acquisitions is primarily attributable to synergies expected to arise after the Company’s acquisition of the businesses.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements

The following tables set forth, by level, the Company’s assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.



	Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2018
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
	(In millions)

Assets:
Inventories carried at market	$	—	$	2,932	$	1,799	$	4,731
Unrealized derivative gains:
Commodity contracts	—		461		217		678
Foreign currency contracts	—		272		—		272
Cash equivalents	492		—		—		492
Marketable securities	25		1		—		26
Segregated investments	1,193		—		—		1,193
Deferred receivables consideration	—		475		—		475
Total Assets	$	1,710	$	4,141	$	2,016	$	7,867

Liabilities:
Unrealized derivative losses:
Commodity contracts	$	—	$	619	$	203	$	822
Foreign currency contracts	—		338		—		338
Interest rate contracts	—		13		—		13
Inventory-related payables	—		657		44		701
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	1,627	$	247	$	1,874

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)



	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
	(In millions)

Assets:
Inventories carried at market	$	—	$	3,400	$	1,486	$	4,886
Unrealized derivative gains:
Commodity contracts	—		275		111		386
Foreign currency contracts	—		63		—		63
Cash equivalents	352		—		—		352
Marketable securities	91		1		—		92
Segregated investments	1,733		—		—		1,733
Deferred receivables consideration	—		307		—		307
Total Assets	$	2,176	$	4,046	$	1,597	$	7,819

Liabilities:
Unrealized derivative losses:
Commodity contracts	$	—	$	268	$	103	$	371
Foreign currency contracts	—		92		—		92
Interest rate contracts	—		1		—		1
Inventory-related payables	—		680		39		719
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	1,041	$	142	$	1,183

Estimated fair values for inventories carried at market are based on exchange-quoted prices adjusted for differences in local markets, broker or dealer quotations or market transactions in either listed or over-the-counter (OTC) markets. Market valuations for the Company’s inventories are adjusted for location and quality because the exchange-quoted prices represent contracts that have standardized terms for commodity, quantity, future delivery period, delivery location, and commodity quality or grade. When unobservable inputs have a significant impact on the measurement of fair value, the inventory is classified in Level 3. Changes in the fair value of inventories are recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings as a component of cost of products sold.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

Derivative contracts include exchange-traded commodity futures and options contracts, forward commodity purchase and sale contracts, and OTC instruments related primarily to agricultural commodities, energy, interest rates, and foreign currencies. Exchange-traded futures and options contracts are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are classified in Level 1. The majority of the Company’s exchange-traded futures and options contracts are cash-settled on a daily basis and, therefore, are not included in these tables. Fair value for forward commodity purchase and sale contracts is estimated based on exchange-quoted prices adjusted for differences in local markets. These differences are generally determined using inputs from broker or dealer quotations or market transactions in either the listed or OTC markets. When observable inputs are available for substantially the full term of the contract, it is classified in Level 2. When unobservable inputs have a significant impact (more than 10%) on the measurement of fair value, the contract is classified in Level 3. Except for certain derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in the fair value of commodity-related derivatives are recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings as a component of cost of products sold. Changes in the fair value of foreign currency-related derivatives are recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings as a component of revenues, cost of products sold, or other (income) expense - net depending upon the purpose of the contract. The changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) until the hedged items are recorded in earnings or it is probable the hedged transaction will no longer occur.

The Company’s cash equivalents are comprised of money market funds valued using quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1.

The Company’s marketable securities are comprised of U.S. Treasury securities and corporate debt securities. U.S. Treasury securities are valued using quoted market prices and are classified in Level 1. Corporate debt securities are valued using third-party pricing services and substantially all are classified in Level 2. Unrealized changes in the fair value of available-for-sale marketable debt securities are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets as a component of AOCI unless a decline in value is deemed to be other-than-temporary at which point the decline is recorded in earnings.

The Company’s segregated investments are comprised of U.S. Treasury securities. U.S. Treasury securities are valued using quoted market prices and are classified in Level 1.

The Company has deferred consideration under its accounts receivable securitization programs (the “Programs”) which represents notes receivable from the purchasers under the Programs (see Note 16 for more information). This amount is reflected in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 8 for more information). The Company carries the deferred consideration at fair value determined by calculating the expected amount of cash to be received. The fair value is principally based on observable inputs (a Level 2 measurement) consisting mainly of the face amount of the receivables adjusted for anticipated credit losses and discounted at the appropriate market rate. Payment of deferred consideration is not subject to significant risks other than delinquencies and credit losses on accounts receivable transferred under the Programs, which have historically been insignificant.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

The following table presents a rollforward of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended September 30, 2018.



	Level 3 Fair Value Asset Measurements at
	September 30, 2018
	Inventories Carried at Market			Commodity Derivative Contracts Gains			Total Assets
	(In millions)

Balance, June 30, 2018	$	1,378		$	208		$	1,586
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized gains included in cost of products sold*	183			130			313
Purchases	3,518			—			3,518
Sales	(3,282		)	—			(3,282		)
Settlements	—			(150		)	(150		)
Transfers into Level 3	235			38			273
Transfers out of Level 3	(233		)	(9		)	(242		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2018	$	1,799		$	217		$	2,016

* Includes increase in unrealized gains of $243 million relating to Level 3 assets still held at September 30, 2018.

The following table presents a rollforward of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended September 30, 2018.



	Level 3 Fair Value Liability Measurements at
	September 30, 2018
	Inventory- related Payables			Commodity Derivative Contracts Losses			Total Liabilities
	(In millions)

Balance, June 30, 2018	$	22		$	200		$	222
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized losses included in cost of products sold*	4			114			118
Purchases	30			—			30
Sales	(12		)	—			(12		)
Settlements	—			(130		)	(130		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			30			30
Transfers out of Level 3	—			(11		)	(11		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2018	$	44		$	203		$	247

* Includes increase in unrealized losses of $118 million relating to Level 3 liabilities still held at September 30, 2018.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

The following table presents a rollforward of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended September 30, 2017.



	Level 3 Fair Value Asset Measurements at
	September 30, 2017
	Inventories Carried at Market			Commodity Derivative Contracts Gains			Total Assets
	(In millions)

Balance, June 30, 2017	$	1,000		$	106		$	1,106
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized gains included in cost of products sold*	15			54			69
Purchases	2,792			—			2,792
Sales	(2,655		)	—			(2,655		)
Settlements	—			(82		)	(82		)
Transfers into Level 3	37			45			82
Transfers out of Level 3	(95		)	(3		)	(98		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2017	$	1,094		$	120		$	1,214

* Includes increase in unrealized gains of $52 million relating to Level 3 assets still held at September 30, 2017.

The following table presents a rollforward of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended September 30, 2017.



	Level 3 Fair Value Liability Measurements at
	September 30, 2017
	Inventory- related Payables			Commodity Derivative Contracts Losses			Total Liabilities
	(In millions)

Balance, June 30, 2017	$	32		$	154		$	186
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized losses included in cost of products sold*	(9		)	82			73
Purchases	2			—			2
Sales	(5		)	—			(5		)
Settlements	—			(123		)	(123		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			35			35
Transfers out of Level 3	—			(3		)	(3		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2017	$	20		$	145		$	165

* Includes increase in unrealized losses of $79 million relating to Level 3 liabilities still held at September 30, 2017.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

The following table presents a rollforward of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.



	Level 3 Fair Value Asset Measurements at
	September 30, 2018
	Inventories Carried at Market			Commodity Derivative Contracts Gains			Total Assets
	(In millions)

Balance, December 31, 2017	$	1,486		$	111		$	1,597
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized gains included in cost of products sold*	559			302			861
Purchases	7,890			—			7,890
Sales	(8,264		)	—			(8,264		)
Settlements	—			(294		)	(294		)
Transfers into Level 3	235			123			358
Transfers out of Level 3	(107		)	(25		)	(132		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2018	$	1,799		$	217		$	2,016

* Includes increase in unrealized gains of $523 million relating to Level 3 assets still held at September 30, 2018.

The following table presents a rollforward of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.



	Level 3 Fair Value Liability Measurements at
	September 30, 2018
	Inventory- related Payables			Commodity Derivative Contracts Losses			Total Liabilities
	(In millions)

Balance, December 31, 2017	$	39		$	103		$	142
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized losses included in cost of products sold*	12			360			372
Purchases	54			—			54
Sales	(61		)	—			(61		)
Settlements	—			(348		)	(348		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			136			136
Transfers out of Level 3	—			(48		)	(48		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2018	$	44		$	203		$	247

* Includes increase in unrealized losses of $364 million relating to Level 3 liabilities still held at September 30, 2018.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

The following table presents a rollforward of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.



	Level 3 Fair Value Asset Measurements at
	September 30, 2017
	Inventories Carried at Market			Commodity Derivative Contracts Gains			Total Assets
	(In millions)

Balance, December 31, 2016	$	1,322		$	140		$	1,462
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized gains included in cost of products sold*	(55		)	194			139
Purchases	8,369			—			8,369
Sales	(8,526		)	—			(8,526		)
Settlements	—			(291		)	(291		)
Transfers into Level 3	37			111			148
Transfers out of Level 3	(53		)	(34		)	(87		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2017	$	1,094		$	120		$	1,214

* Includes increase in unrealized gains of $18 million relating to Level 3 assets still held at September 30, 2017.

The following table presents a rollforward of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.



	Level 3 Fair Value Liability Measurements at
	September 30, 2017
	Inventory- related Payables			Commodity Derivative Contracts Losses			Total Liabilities
	(In millions)

Balance, December 31, 2016	$	30		$	142		$	172
Total increase (decrease) in net realized/unrealized losses included in cost of products sold*	(4		)	201			197
Purchases	19			—			19
Sales	(25		)	—			(25		)
Settlements	—			(289		)	(289		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			108			108
Transfers out of Level 3	—			(17		)	(17		)
Ending balance, September 30, 2017	$	20		$	145		$	165

* Includes increase in unrealized losses of $204 million relating to Level 3 assets still held at September 30, 2017.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 6.	Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

For all periods presented, the Company had no transfers between Level 1 and 2. Transfers into Level 3 of assets and liabilities previously classified in Level 2 were due to the relative value of unobservable inputs to the total fair value measurement of certain products and derivative contracts rising above the 10% threshold. Transfers out of Level 3 were primarily due to the relative value of unobservable inputs to the total fair value measurement of certain products and derivative contracts falling below the 10% threshold and thus permitting reclassification to Level 2.

In some cases, the price components that result in differences between exchange-traded prices and local prices for inventories and commodity purchase and sale contracts are observable based upon available quotations for these pricing components, and in some cases, the differences are unobservable. These price components primarily include transportation costs and other adjustments required due to location, quality, or other contract terms. In the table below, these other adjustments are referred to as basis. The changes in unobservable price components are determined by specific local supply and demand characteristics at each facility and the overall market. Factors such as substitute products, weather, fuel costs, contract terms, and futures prices also impact the movement of these unobservable price components.

The following table sets forth the weighted average percentage of the unobservable price components included in the Company’s Level 3 valuations as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The Company’s Level 3 measurements may include basis only, transportation cost only, or both price components. As an example, for Level 3 inventories with basis, the unobservable component as of September 30, 2018 is a weighted average 24.1% of the total price for assets and 45.3% of the total price for liabilities.



	Weighted Average % of Total Price
	September 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
Component Type	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
Inventories and Related Payables
Basis	24.1	%	45.3	%	12.8	%	99.9	%
Transportation cost	11.6	%	23.0	%	19.2	%	—

Commodity Derivative Contracts
Basis	21.6	%	23.6	%	24.2	%	23.0	%
Transportation cost	14.9	%	22.3	%	12.5	%	10.4	%

In certain of the Company’s principal markets, the Company relies on price quotes from third parties to value its inventories and physical commodity purchase and sale contracts. These price quotes are generally not further adjusted by the Company in determining the applicable market price. In some cases, availability of third-party quotes is limited to only one or two independent sources. In these situations, absent other corroborating evidence, the Company considers these price quotes as 100% unobservable and, therefore, the fair value of these items is reported in Level 3.


Note 7.	Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

The majority of the Company’s derivative instruments have not been designated as hedging instruments. The Company uses exchange-traded futures and exchange-traded and OTC options contracts to manage its net position of merchandisable agricultural commodity inventories and forward cash purchase and sales contracts to reduce price risk caused by market fluctuations in agricultural commodities and foreign currencies. The Company also uses exchange-traded futures and exchange-traded and OTC options contracts as components of merchandising strategies designed to enhance margins. The results of these strategies can be significantly impacted by factors such as the correlation between the value of exchange-traded commodities futures contracts and the value of the underlying commodities, counterparty contract defaults, and volatility of freight markets. Derivatives, including exchange-traded contracts and physical purchase or sale contracts, and inventories of certain merchandisable agricultural commodities, which include amounts acquired under deferred pricing contracts, are stated at market value. Inventory is not a derivative and therefore fair values of and changes in fair values of inventories are not included in the tables below.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 7.	Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Continued)

The following table sets forth the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.



	September 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
	(In millions)

Foreign Currency Contracts	$	272	$	338	$	63	$	92
Commodity Contracts	678		822		386		371
Total	$	950	$	1,160	$	449	$	463

The following table sets forth the pre-tax gains (losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments that have been included in the consolidated statements of earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.



						Other expense (income) - net
				Cost of products sold
(In millions)	Revenues			Cost of products sold
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	15,800		$	14,742	$	(25	)

Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Foreign Currency Contracts	$	(4	)	$	12	$	(30	)
Commodity Contracts	—			84		—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	(4	)	$	96	$	(30	)	$	62

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	14,827		$	14,015	$	(4	)

Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Foreign Currency Contracts	$	(8	)	$	52	$	52
Commodity Contracts	—			34		—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	(8	)	$	86	$	52		$	130

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 7.	Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Continued)



							Other expense (income) - net
				Cost of products sold
(In millions)	Revenues			Cost of products sold
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	48,394		$	45,266		$	(42	)

Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Foreign Currency Contracts	$	21		$	(189	)	$	(91	)
Commodity Contracts	—			163			—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	21		$	(26	)	$	(91	)	$	(96	)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	44,758		$	42,182		$	7

Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Foreign Currency Contracts	$	(16	)	$	82		$	186
Commodity Contracts	—			294			—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	(16	)	$	376		$	186		$	546

Changes in the market value of inventories of certain merchandisable agricultural commodities, forward cash purchase and sales contracts, exchange-traded futures and exchange-traded and OTC options contracts are recognized in earnings immediately as a component of cost of products sold.

Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow or Fair Value Hedging Strategies

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had certain derivatives designated as cash flow and fair value hedges.

The Company uses interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to protect the fair value of $496 million in fixed-rate debt due to changes in interest rates. The changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps and the underlying fixed-rate debt are recorded in other (income) expense - net. The terms of the interest rate swaps match the terms of the underlying debt. At September 30, 2018, the Company had $8 million in other current liabilities representing the fair value of the interest rate swaps and a corresponding decrease in the underlying debt for the same amount with no net impact to earnings.

For each of the commodity hedge programs described below, the derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. Assuming normal market conditions, the changes in the market value of such derivative contracts have historically been, and are expected to continue to be, highly effective at offsetting changes in price movements of the hedged item. Once the hedged item is recognized in earnings, the gains/losses arising from the hedge are reclassified from AOCI to either revenues or cost of products sold, as applicable. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $26 million of after-tax losses in AOCI related to gains and losses from commodity cash flow hedge transactions. The Company expects to recognize $26 million of these after-tax losses in its consolidated statement of earnings during the next 12 months.

The Company uses futures or options contracts to hedge the purchase price of anticipated volumes of corn to be purchased and processed in a future month. The objective of this hedging program is to reduce the variability of cash flows associated with the Company’s forecasted purchases of corn. The Company’s corn processing plants currently grind approximately 72 million bushels of corn per month. During the past 12 months, the Company hedged between 23% and 95% of its monthly anticipated grind. At September 30, 2018, the Company had designated hedges representing between 5% and 95% of its anticipated monthly grind of corn for the next 12 months.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 7.	Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Continued)

The Company, from time to time, also uses futures, options, and swaps to hedge the sales price of certain ethanol sales contracts. The Company has established hedging programs for ethanol sales contracts that are indexed to unleaded gasoline prices and to various exchange-traded ethanol contracts. The objective of these hedging programs is to reduce the variability of cash flows associated with the Company’s sales of ethanol. During the past 12 months, the Company hedged between 1 million and 135 million gallons of ethanol sales per month under these programs. At September 30, 2018, the Company had designated hedges representing between 15 million and 121 million gallons of ethanol sales per month over the next 3 months.

During the first quarter of 2018, the Company started using futures and options contracts to hedge the purchase price of anticipated volumes of soybeans to be purchased and processed in a future month for certain of its U.S. soybean crush facilities. The Company also uses futures or options contracts to hedge the sales prices of anticipated soybean meal and soybean oil sales proportionate to the soybean crushing process at these facilities. During the past 12 months, the Company hedged between 0% and 100% of the anticipated monthly soybean crush for soybean purchases and soybean meal and oil sales at the designated facilities. The Company has designated hedges representing between 0% and 100% of the anticipated monthly soybean crush for soybean purchases and soybean meal and oil sales at the designated facilities over the next 12 months.

The following table sets forth the fair value of derivatives designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.



	September 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
	(In millions)
Interest Rate Contracts	$	—	$	13	$	—	$	1
Total	$	—	$	13	$	—	$	1

The following table sets forth the pre-tax gains (losses) on derivatives designated as hedging instruments that have been included in the consolidated statements of earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.



			Cost of products sold			Interest expense		Other expense (income) - net
(In millions)	Revenues		Cost of products sold			Interest expense		Other expense (income) - net
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	15,800	$	14,742		$	87	$	(25	)

Effective amounts recognized in earnings
Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Commodity Contracts	$	15	$	(87	)	$	—	$	—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	15	$	(87	)	$	—	$	—		$	(72	)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	14,827	$	14,015		$	79	$	(4	)

Effective amounts recognized in earnings
Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Commodity Contracts	$	—	$	(15	)	$	—	$	—
Ineffective amount recognized in earnings
Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Commodity Contracts	$	—	$	(4	)	$	—	$	—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	—	$	(19	)	$	—	$	—		$	(19	)

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 7.	Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Continued)



			Cost of products sold			Interest expense		Other expense (income) - net
(In millions)	Revenues		Cost of products sold			Interest expense		Other expense (income) - net
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	48,394	$	45,266		$	267	$	(42	)

Effective amounts recognized in earnings
Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Commodity Contracts	$	16	$	(115	)	$	—	$	—
Interest Contracts	—		—			1		—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	16	$	(115	)	$	1	$	—		$	(98	)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Consolidated Statement of Earnings	$	44,758	$	42,182		$	246	$	7

Effective amounts recognized in earnings
Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Foreign Currency Contracts	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	(2	)
Commodity Contracts	—		(20		)	—		—
Ineffective amount recognized in earnings
Pre-tax gains (losses) on:
Commodity Contracts	$	4	$	5		$	—	$	—
Total gain (loss) recognized in earnings	$	4	$	(15	)	$	—	$	(2	)	$	(13	)

On October 1, 2017, the Company adopted the amended guidance of Topic 815. As a result, hedge ineffectiveness related to effective relationships is now deferred in AOCI until the hedged item impacts earnings. Prior to October 1, 2017, gains or losses on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the cash flows of the hedged item, if any (i.e., the ineffective portion) were recognized in the consolidated statement of earnings during the current period.

Net Investment Hedging Strategies

On June 24, 2015, the Company issued €500 million aggregate principal amount of Floating Rate Notes and €600 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% Notes (collectively, the “Notes”). The Company has designated €1.1 billion of the Notes as a hedge of its net investment in a foreign subsidiary. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had $40 million of after-tax losses and $59 million of after-tax losses, respectively, in AOCI related to gains and losses from the net investment hedge transaction. The amount is deferred in AOCI until the underlying investment is divested.

In July 2018, the Company entered into forward foreign exchange contracts and designated €500 million as a hedge of its net investment in a foreign subsidiary. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had an immaterial after-tax loss in AOCI related to losses from the net investment hedge transaction. The amount is deferred in AOCI until the underlying investment is divested.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 8. Other Current Assets

The following table sets forth the items in other current assets:



	September 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(In millions)

Unrealized gains on derivative contracts	$	950	$	449
Deferred receivables consideration	475		307
Customer omnibus receivable	455		477
Financing receivables - net ⁽¹⁾	579		413
Insurance premiums receivable	48		129
Prepaid expenses	257		232
Tax receivables	416		425
Non-trade receivables ⁽²⁾	324		371
Other current assets	203		372
	$	3,707	$	3,175

⁽¹⁾ The Company provides financing to certain suppliers, primarily Brazilian farmers, to finance a portion of the suppliers’ production costs. The amounts are reported net of allowances of $3 million and $6 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Additionally, at September 30, 2018, the Company had increased prepayments to farmers in South America for purchases of grain due to higher farmer selling activity in 2018 and the recent truckers strike in Brazil, which has created logistical delays in the delivery of grain. Interest earned on financing receivables of $6 million and $18 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, and $6 million and $18 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, is included in interest income in the consolidated statements of earnings.

⁽²⁾Non-trade receivables included $67 million and $91 million of reinsurance recoverables as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Note 9. Accrued Expenses and Other Payables

The following table sets forth the items in accrued expenses and other payables:



	September 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(In millions)

Unrealized losses on derivative contracts	$	1,173	$	464
Accrued compensation	295		235
Income tax payable	158		140
Other taxes payable	97		99
Reinsurance premiums payable	26		111
Insurance claims payable	253		268
Contract liability	106		185
Other accruals and payables	817		1,331
	$	2,925	$	2,833

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 10.	Debt and Financing Arrangements

On September 12, 2018, the Company issued €650 million ($754 million as of September 30, 2018) aggregate principal amount of 1.0% Notes due in 2025. Net proceeds before expenses were $747 million.

At September 30, 2018, the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt exceeded the carrying value by $0.7 billion, as estimated using quoted market prices (a Level 2 measurement under applicable accounting standards).

At September 30, 2018, the Company had lines of credit, including the accounts receivable securitization programs described below, totaling $8.8 billion, of which $6.8 billion was unused. Of the Company’s total lines of credit, $5.0 billion supported the combined U.S. and European commercial paper borrowing programs, against which there was $0.4 billion of U.S. commercial paper outstanding at September 30, 2018. There was no commercial paper outstanding under the European program at September 30, 2018.

The Company has accounts receivable securitization programs (the “Programs”). The Programs, as amended, provide the Company with up to $1.8 billion in funding resulting from the sale of accounts receivable, of which $0.3 billion was unused as of September 30, 2018 (see Note 16 for more information about the Programs).


Note 11.	Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 15.2% and 14.3%, respectively, compared to 13.3% and 24.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. The rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 includes the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) which was enacted on December 22, 2017. The rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also includes the impacts of the 2017 biodiesel tax credit which was retroactively reinstated in January 2018, and favorable second quarter discrete items. The rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 includes the impact of changes in discrete tax items, including the favorable resolution of an uncertain tax position related to a 2014 acquisition and a return to provision.

The Act includes numerous significant tax law changes and modifications with varying effective dates, such as reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, creating a territorial tax system (with a one-time transition tax on previously deferred foreign earnings), broadening the tax base, and allowing for immediate capital expensing of certain qualified property. As of September 30, 2018, the Company has not yet completed the accounting for the tax effects of the Act; however, the Company has recorded an increase to the 2017 provisional transition tax of $13 million and $4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, based on recently issued guidance. The Company has one year from the date of enactment to adjust the 2017 provisional tax.

The Act also contains new provisions related to Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (GILTI) and Foreign Derived Intangible Income (FDII) which are effective for fiscal year 2018. The Company has estimated GILTI and FDII impacts and will update the estimates each quarter as needed. The Company has made an accounting policy election to treat GILTI as a period cost.

It is likely that additional guidance will be issued providing further clarification on the application of the Act. It is also reasonable to expect that global taxing authorities will be reviewing their current legislation for potential modifications in reaction to the implementation of the Act. This additional guidance, along with the potential for additional global tax legislation changes, may affect deductions and income inclusions and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's net income or cash flow.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 11. Income Taxes (Continued)

The Company is subject to income taxation and routine examinations in many jurisdictions around the world and frequently faces challenges regarding the amount of taxes due. These challenges include positions taken by the Company related to the timing, nature and amount of deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. In its routine evaluations of the exposure associated with various tax filing positions, the Company recognizes a liability, when necessary, for estimated potential tax owed by the Company in accordance with applicable accounting standards. Resolution of the related tax positions, through negotiations with relevant tax authorities or through litigation, may take years to complete. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the timing for resolution of tax positions and the Company cannot predict or provide assurance as to the ultimate outcome of these ongoing or future examinations. However, the Company does not anticipate that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will increase or decrease significantly in the next twelve months. Given the long periods of time involved in resolving tax positions, the Company does not expect that the recognition of unrecognized tax benefits will have a material impact on the Company’s effective income tax rate in any given period.

In December 2009 and June 2010, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, ADM do Brasil Ltda. (ADM do Brasil), received three separate tax assessments from the Brazilian Federal Revenue Service (BFRS) challenging the tax deductibility of commodity hedging losses and related expenses for the tax years 2004, 2006, and 2007. These assessments totaled approximately $105 million in tax, and $295 million in interest and penalties as of September 30, 2018 (adjusted for variation in currency exchange rates). The statute of limitations for tax years 2005 and 2008 to 2011 has expired. The Company does not expect to receive any additional tax assessments with respect to this issue.

ADM do Brasil enters into commodity hedging transactions that can result in gains, which are included in ADM do Brasil’s calculation of taxable income in Brazil, and losses, which ADM do Brasil deducts from its taxable income in Brazil. The Company has evaluated its tax position regarding these hedging transactions and concluded, based upon advice from Brazilian legal counsel, that it was appropriate to recognize both gains and losses resulting from hedging transactions when determining its Brazilian income tax expense. Therefore, the Company has continued to recognize the tax benefit from hedging losses in its financial statements and has not recorded any tax liability for the amounts assessed by the BFRS.

ADM do Brasil filed an administrative appeal for each of the assessments. The appeal panel found in favor of the BFRS on these assessments and ADM do Brasil filed a second level administrative appeal. The second administrative appeal panel continues to conduct customary procedural activities, including ongoing dialogue with the BFRS auditor. If ADM do Brasil continues to be unsuccessful in the administrative appellate process, the Company intends to file appeals in the Brazilian federal courts. While the Company believes its consolidated financial statements properly reflect the tax deductibility of these hedging losses, the ultimate resolution of this matter could result in the future recognition of additional payments of, and expense for, income tax and the associated interest and penalties. The Company intends to vigorously defend its position against the current assessments.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2012, the Company’s subsidiaries in Argentina, ADM Argentina and Alfred Toepfer Argentina, received tax assessments challenging transfer prices used to price grain exports for the tax years 2004 through 2010. As of September 30, 2018, these assessments totaled $16 million in tax and $55 million in interest and penalties (adjusted for variation in currency exchange rates). The Argentine tax authorities conducted a review of income and other taxes paid by large exporters and processors of cereals and other agricultural commodities resulting in allegations of income tax evasion. The Company strongly believes that it has complied with all Argentine tax laws. To date, the Company has not received assessments for tax years 2011 to 2017. However, it cannot rule out receiving additional assessments challenging transfer prices used to price grain exports for these years, and estimates that these potential assessments could be approximately $45 million in tax and $44 million in interest (adjusted for variation in currency exchange rates as of September 30, 2018). The Company believes that it has appropriately evaluated the transactions underlying these assessments, and has concluded, based on Argentine tax law, that its tax position would be sustained, and accordingly, has not recorded a tax liability for these assessments. The Company intends to vigorously defend its position against the current assessments and any similar assessments that may be issued for years subsequent to 2010.

In accordance with the accounting requirements for uncertain tax positions, the Company has not recorded an uncertain tax liability for these assessments because it has concluded that it is more likely than not to prevail on the Brazil and Argentina matters based upon their technical merits and because the taxing jurisdictions’ processes do not provide a mechanism for settling at less than the full amount of the assessment. The Company’s consideration of these tax assessments requires judgments about the application of income tax regulations to specific facts and circumstances. The final outcome of these matters cannot reliably be predicted, may take many years to resolve, and could result in financial impacts of up to the entire amount of these assessments.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 11. Income Taxes (Continued)

During the quarter ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary in the Netherlands, ADM Europe B.V., received a tax assessment from the Netherlands tax authority challenging the transfer pricing aspects of a 2009 business reorganization which involved two of its subsidiary companies in the Netherlands. As of September 30, 2018, this assessment was $94 million in tax and $28 million in interest (adjusted for variation in currency exchange rates). The Company has appealed the assessment and carefully evaluated the underlying transactions and has concluded that the amount of the gain recognized on the reorganization for tax purposes was appropriate. While the Company plans to vigorously defend its position against the assessment, it has accrued an amount it believes would be the likely outcome of the litigation. The Company’s defense of the judicial appeal may take an extended period of time and could result in additional financial impacts of up to the entire amount of this assessment.

Note 12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI)

The following tables set forth the changes in AOCI by component for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the reclassifications out of AOCI for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:



	Three months ended September 30, 2018
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Deferred Gain (Loss) on Hedging Activities			Pension Liability Adjustment			Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments			Total
	(In millions)

Balance at June 30, 2018	$	(1,566	)	$	(51	)	$	(310	)	$	16		$	(1,911	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(177		)	5			—			(7		)	(179		)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(1		)	72			8			—			79
Tax effect	(1		)	(17		)	(3		)	—			(21		)
Net of tax amount	(179		)	60			5			(7		)	(121		)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	(1,745	)	$	9		$	(305	)	$	9		$	(2,032	)

	Nine months ended September 30, 2018
	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Deferred Gain (Loss) on Hedging Activities			Pension Liability Adjustment			Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments			Total
	(In millions)

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	(1,353	)	$	17		$	(321	)	$	20		$	(1,637	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	(368		)	(110		)	—			(11		)	(489		)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(1		)	98			23			—			120
Tax effect	(23		)	4			(7		)	—			(26		)
Net current period other comprehensive income	(392		)	(8		)	16			(11		)	(395		)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	(1,745	)	$	9		$	(305	)	$	9		$	(2,032	)

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) (Continued)



	Amount reclassified from AOCI
	Three months ended						Nine months ended
Details about AOCI components	Sep 30 2018			Sep 30 2017			Sep 30 2018			Sep 30 2017			Affected line item in the consolidated statement of earnings
	(In millions)

Foreign currency translation adjustment
	$	(1	)	$	—		$	(1	)	$	—		Other (income) expense - net
	—			—			—			—			Tax
	$	(1	)	$	—		$	(1	)	$	—		Net of tax

Deferred loss (gain) on hedging activities
	$	87		$	15		$	115		$	20		Cost of products sold
	—			—			(1		)	—			Interest expense
	—			—			—			2			Other (income) expense - net
	(15		)	—			(16		)	—			Revenues
	72			15			98			22			Total before tax
	(18		)	(5		)	(24		)	(8		)	Tax
	$	54		$	10		$	74		$	14		Net of tax

Pension liability adjustment
Amortization of defined benefit pension items:
Prior service credit	$	(8	)	$	(2	)	$	(25	)	$	(8	)	Other (income) expense - net
Actuarial losses	16			16			48			50			Other (income) expense - net
	8			14			23			42			Total before tax
	(3		)	(5		)	(6		)	(15		)	Tax
	$	5		$	9		$	17		$	27		Net of tax


Note 13.	Other (Income) Expense - Net

The following table sets forth the items in other (income) expense:



	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(In millions)

Gains on sales of assets	$	(33	)	$	(15	)	$	(45	)	$	(66	)
Loss on debt extinguishment	—			11			—			11
Other – net	8			—			3			62
Other (Income) Expense - Net	$	(25	)	$	(4	)	$	(42	)	$	7

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 13. Other (Income) Expense - Net (Continued)

Gains on sales of assets in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included gains on the sale of the Company’s oilseeds operations in Bolivia and an equity investment, and disposals of individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business. Gains on sales of assets in the three months ended September 30, 2017 included gains on disposals of individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business. Gains on sales of assets in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 included gains related to the sale of the crop risk services business and disposals of other individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business, partially offset by an adjustment of the proceeds of the 2015 sale of the cocoa business.

Loss on debt extinguishment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 related to the early redemption of the Company’s $559 million notes due on March 15, 2018.

Other - net in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included foreign exchange losses partially offset by other income. Other - net in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 included foreign exchange losses, changes in contingent settlement provisions, and the non-service cost components of net pension benefit cost of $20 million.

Note 14. Segment Information

The Company is principally engaged in procuring, transporting, storing, processing, and merchandising agricultural commodities, products, and ingredients. The Company’s operations are organized, managed, and classified into four reportable business segments: Origination, Oilseeds, Carbohydrate Solutions, and Nutrition. Each of these segments is organized based upon the nature of products and services offered. The Company’s remaining operations are not reportable segments, as defined by the applicable accounting standard, and are classified as Other.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company changed its segment reporting to reflect changes in its operating structure: Origination (formerly Agricultural Services), Oilseeds (formerly Oilseeds Processing), Carbohydrate Solutions (formerly Corn Processing) and Nutrition (formerly Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients). The European origination business previously reported in Oilseeds is now managed by leaders in Origination to better coordinate continental trading activities. Carbohydrate Solutions now includes the results of ADM Milling which were previously reported in Origination. In addition, the Company also moved the segment reporting of its renewable chemicals business from Carbohydrate Solutions to Oilseeds effective July 1, 2018. Nutrition now includes the results of Animal Nutrition and certain product lines previously reported in Carbohydrate Solutions as well as certain product lines previously reported in Oilseeds.

Prior period results have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The Origination segment utilizes its extensive global grain elevator and transportation networks and port operations to buy, store, clean, and transport agricultural commodities, such as oilseeds, corn, wheat, milo, oats, rice, and barley, and resells these commodities primarily as food and feed ingredients and as raw materials for the agricultural processing industry. The Origination segment includes international agricultural commodities merchandising and handling activities managed through a global trade desk based in Rolle, Switzerland. The Origination segment’s grain sourcing, handling, and transportation network provides reliable and efficient services to the Company’s customers and agricultural processing operations. The Origination segment’s transportation network capabilities include barge, ocean-going vessel, truck, rail, and container freight services. The Origination segment also includes the activities related to structured trade finance, the import and distribution of agricultural feed products, and the Company’s share of the results of its Pacificor joint venture.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 14.	Segment Information (Continued)

The Oilseeds segment includes global activities related to the origination, merchandising, crushing, and further processing of oilseeds such as soybeans and soft seeds (cottonseed, sunflower seed, canola, rapeseed, and flaxseed) into vegetable oils and protein meals. Oilseeds products produced and marketed by the Company include ingredients for the food, feed, energy, and industrial products industries. Crude vegetable oils produced by the segment’s crushing activities are sold “as is” or are further processed by refining, blending, bleaching, and deodorizing into salad oils. Salad oils are sold “as is” or are further processed by hydrogenating and/or interesterifying into margarine, shortening, and other food products. Partially refined oils are used to produce biodiesel and glycols or are sold to other manufacturers for use in chemicals, paints, and other industrial products. Oilseed protein meals are principally sold to third parties to be used as ingredients in commercial livestock and poultry feeds. In South America, the Oilseeds segment includes origination and merchandising activities as adjuncts to its oilseeds processing assets. These activities include a network of grain elevators, port facilities, and transportation assets used to buy, store, clean, and transport grains and oilseeds. The Oilseeds segment is a major supplier of peanuts, tree nuts, and peanut-derived ingredients to both the U.S. and export markets. In North America, cottonseed flour is produced and sold primarily to the pharmaceutical industry and cotton cellulose pulp is manufactured and sold to the chemical, paper, and other industrial markets. The Oilseeds segment also includes the Company’s share of the results of its equity investment in Wilmar International Limited (Wilmar) and its share of the results of its Stratas Foods LLC, Edible Oils Limited, and Olenex Sarl (Olenex) joint ventures. In June 2018, the Company invested in a 50% joint venture with Cargill to provide soybean meal and oil for customers in Egypt. In July 2018, the Company completed the sale of its oilseeds operations in Bolivia to Inversiones Piuranas S.A.

The Company’s Carbohydrate Solutions segment is engaged in corn and wheat wet and dry milling and other activities. The Carbohydrate Solutions segment converts corn and wheat into sweeteners, corn and wheat starches, wheat flour, and bioproducts. Its products include ingredients used in the food and beverage industry including sweeteners, starch, syrup, glucose, flour, and dextrose. Dextrose and starch are used by the Carbohydrate Solutions segment as feedstocks for its bioproducts operations. By fermentation of dextrose, the Carbohydrate Solutions segment produces alcohol and other food and animal feed ingredients. Ethyl alcohol is produced by the Company for industrial use as ethanol or as beverage grade. Ethanol, in gasoline, increases octane and is used as an extender and oxygenate. Corn gluten feed and meal, as well as distillers’ grains, are produced for use as animal feed ingredients. Corn germ, a by-product of the wet milling process, is further processed into vegetable oil and protein meal. Other Carbohydrate Solutions products include citric acids which are used in various food and industrial products. This segment also includes the Company’s share of the results of its equity investments in Hungrana Ltd., Almidones Mexicanos S.A., and Red Star Yeast Company, LLC. In June 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of a 50% equity stake in the starches and sweeteners business of Russian-based Aston Foods and Food Ingredients.

The Nutrition segment engages in the manufacturing, sales, and distribution of specialty products including natural flavor ingredients, flavor systems, natural colors, proteins, emulsifiers, soluble fiber, polyols, hydrocolloids, natural health and nutrition products, and other specialty food and feed ingredients. The Nutrition segment includes the activities related to the procurement, processing, and distribution of edible beans. The Nutrition segment also includes activities related to the processing and distribution of formula feeds and animal health and nutrition products and the manufacture of contract and private label pet treats and foods. In August 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Probiotics International Limited, a British-based provider of probiotic supplements for human, pet, and production-animal uses and Rodelle Inc., a premium originator, processor and supplier of vanilla products.

Other includes the Company’s remaining operations, primarily its financial business units, related to futures commission and insurance activities. On May 1, 2017, the Company completed the sale of its crop risk services business to Validus Holdings, a global group of insurance and reinsurance companies.

Intersegment sales have been recorded at amounts approximating market. Operating profit for each segment is based on net sales less identifiable operating expenses. Also included in operating profit for each segment is equity in earnings of affiliates based on the equity method of accounting. Specified items included in total segment operating profit and certain corporate items are not allocated to the Company’s individual business segments because operating performance of each business segment is evaluated by management exclusive of these items. Corporate results principally include the impact of LIFO-related adjustments, unallocated corporate expenses, interest cost net of investment income, and the Company’s share of the results of its equity investment in Compagnie Industrialle et Financiere des Produits Amylaces SA (Luxembourg) (CIP).

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 14.	Segment Information (Continued)



	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
(In millions)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Gross revenues
Origination	$	7,090		$	6,671		$	21,940		$	20,195
Oilseeds	7,031			6,780			22,148			20,016
Carbohydrate Solutions	2,909			2,858			8,625			8,346
Nutrition	933			894			2,920			2,698
Other	84			98			291			293
Intersegment elimination	(2,247		)	(2,474		)	(7,530		)	(6,790		)
Total gross revenues	$	15,800		$	14,827		$	48,394		$	44,758

Intersegment sales
Origination	$	1,240		$	1,169		$	3,269		$	3,043
Oilseeds	621			1,045			3,388			3,003
Carbohydrate Solutions	375			251			843			719
Nutrition	11			9			30			25
Total intersegment sales	$	2,247		$	2,474		$	7,530		$	6,790

Revenues from external customers
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	5,786		$	5,450		$	18,489		$	16,998
Transportation	64			52			182			154
Total Origination	5,850			5,502			18,671			17,152
Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	4,439			3,697			12,872			10,917
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	1,971			2,038			5,888			6,096
Total Oilseeds	6,410			5,735			18,760			17,013
Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	1,706			1,689			5,048			4,893
Bioproducts	828			918			2,734			2,734
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	2,534			2,607			7,782			7,627
Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	641			590			1,970			1,825
Animal Nutrition	281			295			920			848
Total Nutrition	922			885			2,890			2,673

Other	84			98			291			293
Total revenues from external customers	$	15,800		$	14,827		$	48,394		$	44,758

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)


Note 14.	Segment Information (Continued)



	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
(In millions)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Segment operating profit
Origination	$	129		$	39		$	363		$	143
Oilseeds	349			113			1,042			624
Carbohydrate Solutions	288			300			748			793
Nutrition	67			68			277			239
Other	28			21			72			78
Specified Items:
Gains (losses) on sales of assets and businesses⁽¹⁾	21			12			21			20
Impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges⁽²⁾	(1		)	(63		)	(36		)	(98		)
Hedge timing effects⁽³⁾	—			(5		)	—			4
Total segment operating profit	881			485			2,487			1,803
Corporate	(249		)	(260		)	(739		)	(737		)
Earnings before income taxes	$	632		$	225		$	1,748		$	1,066

⁽¹⁾ Current quarter and year-to-date gains related to the sale of a business and an equity investment. Prior quarter gains related to disposals of other individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business. Prior year-to-date gains related to the sale of the crop risk services businesses and disposals of other individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business, partially offset by an adjustment of the proceeds of the 2015 sale of the cocoa business.

⁽²⁾ Current quarter charge related to a settlement. Current year-to-date charges consisted of impairment charges related to a financing receivable and an equity investment, restructuring charges and a settlement charge. Prior period charges related to impairment of certain long-lived assets and restructuring charges.

⁽³⁾ Hedge timing effects relate to hedge ineffectiveness associated with documented hedge programs.



	September 30,		December 31,
(In millions)	2018		2017
Identifiable Assets
Origination	$	8,131	$	8,311
Oilseeds	12,559		11,992
Carbohydrate Solutions	5,846		6,085
Nutrition	7,169		5,568
Other	5,068		5,658
Corporate	891		2,349
Total Identifiable Assets	$	39,664	$	39,963

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 15. Asset Impairment, Exit, and Restructuring Costs

Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs in the three months ended September 30, 2018 consisted of $1 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges in Corporate. Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 consisted of $12 million of an equity investment impairment, $21 million of asset impairments, and $2 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges presented as specified items within segment operating profit, and $6 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges in Corporate.

Asset impairment of $21 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 related to a long-term financing receivable in other assets and is based on the fair value of the collateral provided as security for the advance. The fair value is determined using internal and external resources, including published information concerning Brazilian land values.

Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs in the three months ended September 30, 2017 consisted of $62 million of asset impairments and $1 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges presented as specified items within segment operating profit, and $44 million of restructuring charges in Corporate related to the reduction of certain positions within the Company’s global workforce. Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 consisted of $80 million of asset impairments and $13 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges presented as specified items within segment operating profit, and $47 million of restructuring charges in Corporate primarily related to the reduction of certain positions within the Company’s global workforce.

Asset impairment of $61 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was related to the reconfiguration of the Peoria, Illinois ethanol complex due to the Company’s decision to focus on the more profitable high grade industrial and beverage alcohol as well as export fuel. The impaired assets were determined to have no alternative use with zero net salvage value.

Note 16. Sale of Accounts Receivable

Since March 2012, the Company has had an accounts receivable securitization program (the “Program”) with certain commercial paper conduit purchasers and committed purchasers (collectively, the “First Purchasers”). Under the Program, certain U.S.-originated trade accounts receivable are sold to a wholly-owned bankruptcy-remote entity, ADM Receivables, LLC (“ADM Receivables”). ADM Receivables in turn transfers such purchased accounts receivable in their entirety to the First Purchasers pursuant to a receivables purchase agreement. In exchange for the transfer of the accounts receivable, ADM Receivables receives a cash payment of up to $1.2 billion and an additional amount upon the collection of the accounts receivable (deferred consideration). The Program terminates on June 20, 2019, unless extended.

In March 2014, the Company entered into a second accounts receivable securitization program (the “Second Program”) with certain commercial paper conduit purchasers and committed purchasers (collectively, the “Second Purchasers”). Under the Second Program, certain non-U.S.-originated trade accounts receivable are sold to a wholly-owned bankruptcy-remote entity, ADM Ireland Receivables Company (“ADM Ireland Receivables”). ADM Ireland Receivables in turn transfers such purchased accounts receivable in their entirety to the Second Purchasers pursuant to a receivables purchase agreement. In exchange for the transfer of the accounts receivable, ADM Ireland Receivables receives a cash payment of up to $0.6 billion (€0.5 billion) and an additional amount upon the collection of the accounts receivable (deferred consideration). The Second Program terminates on March 15, 2019, unless extended.

Under the Program and Second Program (collectively, the “Programs”), ADM Receivables and ADM Ireland Receivables use the cash proceeds from the transfer of receivables to the First Purchasers and Second Purchasers (collectively, the “Purchasers”) and other consideration to finance the purchase of receivables from the Company and the ADM subsidiaries originating the receivables.

The Company accounts for these transfers as sales. The Company has no retained interests in the transferred receivables, other than collection and administrative responsibilities and its right to the deferred consideration. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company did not record a servicing asset or liability related to its retained responsibility, based on its assessment of the servicing fee, market values for similar transactions, and its cost of servicing the receivables sold.

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 16. Sale of Accounts Receivable (Continued)

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the fair value of trade receivables transferred to the Purchasers under the Programs and derecognized from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet was $2.0 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively. In exchange for the transfers as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company received cash of $1.5 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively, and recorded a receivable for deferred consideration included in other current assets of $475 million and $307 million, respectively. Cash collections from customers on receivables sold were $26.3 billion and $24.3 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Of this amount, $8.8 billion and $8.5 billion were cash collections on the deferred consideration reflected as cash inflows from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Deferred consideration is paid to the Company in cash on behalf of the Purchasers as receivables are collected; however, as this is a revolving facility, cash collected from the Company’s customers is reinvested by the Purchasers daily in new receivable purchases under the Programs.

The Company’s risk of loss following the transfer of accounts receivable under the Programs is limited to the deferred consideration outstanding. The Company carries the deferred consideration at fair value determined by calculating the expected amount of cash to be received and is principally based on observable inputs (a Level 2 measurement under the applicable accounting standards) consisting mainly of the face amount of the receivables adjusted for anticipated credit losses and discounted at the appropriate market rate. Payment of deferred consideration is not subject to significant risks other than delinquencies and credit losses on accounts receivable transferred under the Programs which have historically been insignificant.

Transfers of receivables under the Programs resulted in an expense for the loss on sale of $4 million and $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $14 million and $7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which is classified as selling, general, and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of earnings.

In accordance with the amended guidance of Topic 230, the Company reflects cash flows related to the deferred consideration of the Programs as investing activities in its consolidated statements of cash flows. All other cash flows are classified as operating activities because the cash received from Purchasers upon both the sale and collection of the receivables is not subject to significant interest rate risk given the short-term nature of the Company’s trade receivables.

Note 17. Subsequent Events

On October 29, 2018, the Company announced the launch of GrainBridge LLC, a 50% joint venture with Cargill that will develop and offer revolutionary new digital tools to help farmers make more informed grain marketing decisions based on personalized production economics.

The Company amended the ADM Retirement Plan (the “Plan”) and on October 29, 2018, entered into a binding agreement to purchase a group annuity contract from The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“Prudential”), irrevocably transferring the future benefit obligations and annuity administration for approximately 3,800 retirees from the Plan to Prudential. The purchase of the group annuity contract was funded directly by the Plan’s assets and reduced the Company’s pension obligations by approximately $0.5 billion. As a result of the transaction, the Company expects to recognize a non-cash after-tax pension settlement charge of approximately $0.1 billion in the fourth quarter of 2018.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Company Overview

This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements.

The Company is principally engaged in procuring, transporting, storing, processing, and merchandising agricultural commodities, products, and ingredients. The Company uses its significant global asset base to originate and transport agricultural commodities, connecting to markets in more than 170 countries. The Company also processes corn, oilseeds, and wheat into products for food, animal feed, chemical, and energy uses. The Company uses its global asset network, business acumen, and its relationships with suppliers and customers to efficiently connect the harvest to the home thereby generating returns for its shareholders, principally from margins earned on these activities.

The Company’s operations are organized, managed, and classified into four reportable business segments: Origination, Oilseeds, Carbohydrate Solutions, and Nutrition. Each of these segments is organized based upon the nature of products and services offered. The Company’s remaining operations are not reportable business segments, as defined by the applicable accounting standard, and are classified as Other. See Note 14 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 1 herein, “Financial Statements” for more information about the Company’s business segments.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company changed its segment reporting to reflect changes in its operating structure: Origination (formerly Agricultural Services), Oilseeds (formerly Oilseeds Processing), Carbohydrate Solutions (formerly Corn Processing) and Nutrition (formerly Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients). The European origination business previously reported in Oilseeds is now managed by leaders in Origination to better coordinate continental trading activities. Carbohydrate Solutions now includes the results of ADM Milling which were previously reported in Origination. In addition, the Company also moved the segment reporting of its renewable chemicals business from Carbohydrate Solutions to Oilseeds effective July 1, 2018. Nutrition now includes the results of Animal Nutrition and certain product lines previously reported in Carbohydrate Solutions as well as certain product lines previously reported in Oilseeds.

Prior period results have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The Company’s recent significant portfolio actions and announcements include:


•	the announcement in January 2018 of a joint development agreement with Vland Biotech to develop and commercialize enzymes for animal feed;


•	the investment in June 2018 of a 50% interest in a joint venture with Cargill to provide soybean meal and oil for customers in Egypt;


•	the acquisition in June 2018 of a 50% equity stake in the sweeteners and starches business of Russian-based Aston Foods and Food Ingredients;


•	the announcement in July 2018 of an agreement to purchase Neovia, a French-headquartered global provider of value-added animal nutrition solutions, with 72 production facilities and a presence in 25 countries, which is subject to regulatory approvals and is expected to close near the end of 2018;


•	the sale in July 2018 of the Company’s oilseeds operations in Bolivia to Inversiones Piuranas S.A.;


•	the acquisition in August 2018 of Probiotics International Limited, a British-based provider of probiotic supplements for human, pet, and production-animal uses;


•	the announcement in August 2018 of an agreement to purchase certain assets of Brazil-based Algar Agro, including oilseeds processing facilities in Uberlândia in the state of Minas Gerais, and Porto Franco in Maranhão;


•	the acquisition in August 2018 of Rodelle Inc., a premium originator, processor and supplier of vanilla products; and


•	the announcement in October 2018 of the launch of GrainBridge LLC, a 50% joint venture with Cargill that will develop and offer revolutionary new digital tools to help farmers make more informed grain marketing decisions based on personalized production economics.

During 2018, the Company launched Readiness to drive new efficiencies and improve the customer experience in the Company’s existing businesses through a combination of lean manufacturing, process-standardization, and digital design; building upon its earlier 1ADM and operational excellence programs. It will also support the execution of the Company’s growth strategies across its five key growth platforms: Animal Nutrition, Bioactives, Carbohydrates, Human Nutrition, and Taste.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Operating Performance Indicators

The Company is exposed to certain risks inherent to an agricultural-based commodity business. These risks are further described in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The Company’s origination and oilseeds operations are principally agricultural commodity-based businesses where changes in selling prices move in relationship to changes in prices of the commodity-based agricultural raw materials. Therefore, changes in agricultural commodity prices have relatively equal impacts on both revenues and cost of products sold. Thus, changes in revenues of these businesses do not necessarily correspond to the changes in margins or gross profit.

The Company’s carbohydrate solutions operations and nutrition businesses also utilize agricultural commodities (or products derived from agricultural commodities) as raw materials. However, in these operations, agricultural commodity market price changes do not necessarily equal changes in cost of products sold. Thus, changes in revenues of these businesses may correspond to changes in margins or gross profit.

The Company has consolidated subsidiaries in more than 80 countries. For the majority of the Company’s subsidiaries located outside the United States, the local currency is the functional currency. Revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the weighted average exchange rates for the applicable periods. For the majority of the Company’s business activities in Brazil, the functional currency is the U.S. dollar; however, certain transactions, including taxes, occur in local currency and require conversion to the functional currency. Changes in revenues are expected to correlate to changes in expenses reported by the Company caused by fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies, primarily the Euro, British pound, Canadian dollar, and Brazilian real, as compared to the U.S. dollar.

The Company measures its performance using key financial metrics including net earnings, segment operating profit, return on invested capital, EBITDA, economic value added, manufacturing expenses, and selling, general, and administrative expenses. The Company’s financial results can vary significantly due to changes in factors such as fluctuations in energy prices, weather conditions, crop plantings, government programs and policies, trade policies, changes in global demand, general global economic conditions, changes in standards of living, and global production of similar and competitive crops. Due to these unpredictable factors, the Company undertakes no responsibility for updating any forward-looking information contained within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Market Factors Influencing Operations or Results in the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

As an agricultural commodity-based business, the Company is subject to a variety of market factors which affect the Company's operating results. In Origination, margins were higher on stronger destination marketing demand of feedstuffs given dry conditions in certain European locations. In Oilseeds, a smaller Argentine soybean crop, continued robust global meal demand, and concerns over U.S.-China trade tariffs resulted in strong margins and volumes in all regions. South America oilseeds also captured good origination margins but uncertainty on freight rates negatively impacted volumes. Excess global supply of peanuts negatively impacted selling prices in the peanut business. In Carbohydrate Solutions, global demand and prices for starches and sweeteners remained solid in North America while co-product prices were stable. U.S. ethanol industry production remained at high levels. Ethanol demand remained strong both domestically and from export markets due to favorable gasoline blending economics and ethanol's continuing status as a competitive octane enhancer. In Nutrition, Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients benefited from strong demand for flavor ingredients and flavor systems, and from strong demand for and favorable margin development in certain non-flavor food businesses. Animal Nutrition was impacted by decreasing margins on premix resulting from price declines as the market returned to a more normalized state following an industry-wide vitamin supply disruption earlier in the year.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

Net earnings attributable to controlling interests increased $344 million to $536 million. Segment operating profit increased $396 million to $881 million. Included in segment operating profit in the current quarter was a net gain of $20 million consisting of gains on sales of a business and an asset and a settlement charge. Included in segment operating profit in the prior year quarter was a net charge of $56 million consisting of a net gain on sales of assets, impairment and restructuring charges, and corn hedge timing effects. Adjusted segment operating profit increased $320 million to $861 million due to an increase in sales volumes of soybeans, corn, and meal, improved margins in Origination, Oilseeds, and Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients, and higher equity earnings from the Wilmar investment, partially offset by lower results in the peanut and lysine businesses. Corporate results were a net charge of $249 million in the current quarter compared to $260 million in the prior year quarter. Corporate results in the current quarter included a charge of $7 million from the effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves, compared to an immaterial charge in the prior year quarter.

Income taxes of $96 million increased $66 million due to higher earnings before income taxes and, to a lesser extent, a higher effective tax rate. The Company’s effective tax rate for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 was 15.2% compared to 13.3% for the quarter ended September 30, 2017. The current quarter rate includes the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) which was enacted on December 22, 2017. The prior quarter rate includes the impact of changes in discrete tax items, including the favorable resolution of an uncertain tax position related to a 2014 acquisition and a return to provision.

Analysis of Statements of Earnings

Processed volumes by product for the quarter are as follows (in metric tons):



	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
(In thousands)	2018	2017	Change
Oilseeds	9,181	8,265	916
Corn	5,599	5,467	132
Total	14,780	13,732	1,048


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Revenues by segment for the quarter are as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018		2017		Change
	(In millions)
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	5,786	$	5,450	$	336
Transportation	64		52		12
Total Origination	5,850		5,502		348

Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	4,439		3,697		742
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	1,971		2,038		(67		)
Total Oilseeds	6,410		5,735		675

Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	1,706		1,689		17
Bioproducts	828		918		(90		)
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	2,534		2,607		(73		)

Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	641		590		51
Animal Nutrition	281		295		(14		)
Total Nutrition	922		885		37

Other	84		98		(14		)
Total	$	15,800	$	14,827	$	973

Revenues and cost of products sold in a commodity merchandising and processing business are affected by the underlying commodity prices and volumes. During periods of significant changes in commodity prices, the underlying performance of the Company is better evaluated by looking at margins since both revenues and cost of products sold, particularly in Oilseeds and Origination, generally have a relatively equal impact from commodity price changes which generally result in an insignificant impact to gross profit.

Revenues increased $1.0 billion to $15.8 billion due to higher sales volumes ($0.2 billion) and higher sales prices ($0.8 billion). The increase in sales volumes was due principally to an increase in volumes of soybeans, corn, and meal. The increase in sales prices was due to meal, corn, soybeans, and wheat. Origination revenues increased 6% to $5.9 billion due to higher sales prices ($0.6 billion) offset by lower sales volumes ($0.2 billion). Oilseeds revenues increased 12% to $6.4 billion due to higher sales prices ($0.3 billion) and higher sales volumes ($0.4 billion). Carbohydrate Solutions revenues decreased 3% to $2.5 billion due principally to lower sales prices of starch and alcohol ($0.1 billion). Nutrition revenues of $0.9 billion were comparable to the prior period.

Cost of products sold increased $0.7 billion to $14.7 billion due principally to higher prices of commodities and higher sales volumes. Included in cost of products sold in the current quarter was a charge of $7 million from the effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves compared to an immaterial charge in the prior year quarter. Manufacturing expenses increased $0.1 billion to $1.4 billion due to individually insignificant increases in certain expense categories.

Foreign currency translation impacts decreased both revenues and cost of products sold by $0.1 billion.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Gross profit increased $0.2 billion to $1.1 billion. Higher results in Crushing and Origination ($179 million), Merchandising and Handling ($65 million), and Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients ($32 million) were partially offset by lower results in Animal Nutrition ($24 million). These factors are explained in the segment operating profit discussion on page 45. The effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves had a negative impact on gross profit of $7 million in the current quarter compared to an immaterial charge in the prior year quarter.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $56 million to $534 million due principally to higher performance-related compensation accruals and higher project spending in information technology and growth-related projects.

Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs decreased $106 million to $1 million. Current period charges consisted of $1 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges in Corporate. Prior period charges consisted of $62 million of asset impairments primarily related to the reconfiguration of the Peoria, Illinois ethanol complex due to the Company’s decision to focus on the more profitable high grade industrial and beverage alcohol as well as export fuel and $1 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges presented as specified items within segment operating profit, and $44 million of restructuring charges in Corporate related to the reduction of certain positions within the Company’s global workforce.

Interest expense increased $8 million to $87 million due to higher short-term debt rates and higher borrowings.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates increased $85 million to $131 million due to higher earnings from the Company’s investments in Wilmar and CIP.

Other income - net increased $21 million to $25 million. Current period income included gains on the sale of the Company’s oilseeds operations in Bolivia, an equity investment, and individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business and other income, partially offset by foreign exchange losses. Prior period income included gains related to disposals of individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business, partially offset by a charge related to the early redemption of the Company’s $559 million aggregate principal amount of 5.45% notes due on March 15, 2018.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Segment operating profit (loss), adjusted segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure), and earnings before income taxes for the quarter are as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
Segment Operating Profit (Loss)	2018			2017			Change
	(In millions)
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	93		$	25		$	68
Transportation	36			14			22
Total Origination	129			39			90

Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	221			36			185
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	48			61			(13		)
Asia	80			16			64
Total Oilseeds	349			113			236

Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	245			251			(6		)
Bioproducts	43			49			(6		)
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	288			300			(12		)

Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	80			59			21
Animal Nutrition	(13		)	9			(22		)
Total Nutrition	67			68			(1		)

Other	28			21			7

Specified Items:
Gains (losses) on sales of assets and businesses	21			12			9
Asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges	(1		)	(63		)	62
Hedge timing effects	—			(5		)	5
Total Specified Items	20			(56		)	76

Total Segment Operating Profit	$	881		$	485		$	396

Adjusted Segment Operating Profit⁽¹⁾	$	861		$	541		$	320

Segment Operating Profit	$	881		$	485		$	396
Corporate	(249		)	(260		)	11
Earnings Before Income Taxes	$	632		$	225		$	407

⁽¹⁾ Adjusted segment operating profit is segment operating profit excluding the above specified items.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Origination operating profit increased 231%. Merchandising and Handling results increased significantly year-over-year due to higher results in North America and Global Trade. In North America, the business managed risk well in a volatile price environment and capitalized on its asset base to deliver higher volumes and margins, including strong export sales to customers in markets outside of China. Global Trade’s good utilization of the Company’s global network of origination assets and continued expansion of destination marketing volumes and margins drove solid results. Transportation was significantly higher as strong barge freight rates and export demand led to higher volumes and margins.

Oilseeds operating profit increased 209%. Crushing and Origination achieved a new crush volumes record this quarter, leveraging its strong global asset base and the Company’s growing destination marketing capabilities to capitalize on higher global crush margins. In addition, softseed results improved as stronger prices for oils drove good results in Europe. Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other results were lower due to weaker peanut shelling margins primarily caused by large peanut inventories and difficult market conditions, partially offset by higher biodiesel results. Edible oils continued to perform well. Asia results increased due to higher earnings from the Company’s investment in Wilmar.

Carbohydrate Solutions operating profit decreased 4%. Starches and Sweeteners delivered solid results but slightly lower year-over-year due to higher input and manufacturing costs and plant downtime that negatively impacted North American results, partially offset by strong results in flour milling benefiting from strong wheat procurement results and timing effects. European sweeteners continued to benefit from recent acquisitions, delivering good results despite sugar oversupply in the region. Bioproducts results were down on an extremely weak ethanol industry margin environment partially offset by positive results from beverage and industrial alcohols and effective ethanol risk management.

Nutrition operating profit decreased 1%. Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients results increased due to improved sales and margins across the portfolio. Wild Flavors Europe and North America results were substantially higher on portfolio mix and improved volumes. In Specialty Ingredients, emulsifiers and proteins continued to perform well while Health and Wellness continued to grow with the addition of Protexin. Animal Nutrition results decreased as issues that developed during the quarter constrained lysine production volumes and increased manufacturing costs, as well as lower premix margins.

Other operating profit increased 33% due to improved underwriting performance from the Company’s captive insurance operations.

Corporate results for the quarter are as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018			2017			Change
	(In millions)
LIFO credit (charge)	$	(7	)	$	—		$	(7	)
Interest expense - net	(80		)	(72		)	(8		)
Unallocated corporate costs	(161		)	(109		)	(52		)
Adjustments related to acquisitions	4			—			4
Loss on debt extinguishment	—			(11		)	11
Restructuring charges	(1		)	(44		)	43
Other charges	(4		)	(24		)	20
Total Corporate	$	(249	)	$	(260	)	$	11

Corporate results were a net charge of $249 million in the current quarter compared to $260 million in the prior year quarter. The effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves resulted in a charge of $7 million in the current quarter compared to an immaterial charge in the prior year quarter. Interest expense - net increased $8 million due to higher short-term debt rates and higher borrowings. Unallocated corporate costs increased $52 million due principally to higher performance-related compensation accruals and higher project spending in information technology and growth-related projects. Adjustments related to acquisitions related to net gains on foreign exchange derivative contracts entered into to economically hedge certain acquisitions. Loss on debt extinguishment in the prior year quarter related to the early redemption of the Company’s $559 million aggregate principal amount of 5.45% notes due on March 15, 2018. Restructuring charges decreased $43 million due to the reduction of certain positions within the Company’s global workforce in the prior year quarter. Other charges decreased $20 million primarily due to improved results in the Company’s equity investment in CIP.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company uses adjusted earnings per share (EPS), adjusted earnings before taxes, interest, and depreciation and amortization (EBITDA), and adjusted segment operating profit, non-GAAP financial measures as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, to evaluate the Company’s financial performance. These performance measures are not defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and should be considered in addition to, and not in lieu of, GAAP financial measures.

Adjusted EPS is defined as diluted EPS adjusted for the effects on reported diluted EPS of specified items. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before taxes, interest, and depreciation and amortization, adjusted for specified items. The Company calculates adjusted EBITDA by removing the impact of specified items and adding back the amounts of interest expense and depreciation and amortization to earnings before income taxes. Adjusted segment operating profit is segment operating profit adjusted, where applicable, for specified items.

Management believes that adjusted EPS, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted segment operating profit are useful measures of the Company’s performance because they provide investors additional information about the Company’s operations allowing better evaluation of underlying business performance and better period-to-period comparability. Adjusted EPS, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted segment operating profit are not intended to replace or be an alternative to diluted EPS, earnings before income taxes, and segment operating profit, respectively, the most directly comparable amounts reported under GAAP.

The table below provides a reconciliation of diluted EPS to adjusted EPS for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.



	Three months ended September 30,
	2018						2017
	In millions			Per share			In millions			Per share
Average number of shares outstanding - diluted	568						569

Net earnings and reported EPS (fully diluted)	$	536		$	0.94		$	192		$	0.34
Adjustments:
LIFO charge (credit) - net of tax of $2 million ⁽¹⁾	5			0.01			—			—
(Gains) losses on sales of assets and businesses - net of tax of $1 million in 2018 and $2 million in 2017 ⁽²⁾	(20		)	(0.04		)	(10		)	(0.02		)
Asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges - net of tax of $0 million in 2018 and $38 million in 2017⁽²⁾	2			—			69			0.12
Certain discrete tax adjustments	3			0.01			—			—
Adjustments related to acquisitions - net of tax of $1 million ⁽²⁾	(3		)	—			—			—
Loss on debt extinguishment - net of tax of $4 million ⁽¹⁾	—			—			7			0.01
Total adjustments	(13		)	(0.02		)	66			0.11
Adjusted net earnings and adjusted EPS	$	523		$	0.92		$	258		$	0.45

⁽¹⁾ Tax effected using the Company’s U.S. tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Tax effected using the U.S. and other applicable tax rates.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

The tables below provide a reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA by segment for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.



	Three months ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2018			2017			Change
Earnings before income taxes	$	632		$	225		$	407
Interest expense	87			79			8
Depreciation and amortization	232			232			—
LIFO	7			—			7
(Gains) losses on sales of assets and businesses	(21		)	(12		)	(9		)
Adjustments related to acquisitions	(4		)	—			(4		)
Loss on debt extinguishment	—			11			(11		)
Asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges	2			107			(105		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	935		$	642		$	293

	Three months ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2018			2017			Change
Origination	$	172		$	84		$	88
Oilseeds	408			168			240
Carbohydrate Solutions	364			379			(15		)
Nutrition	103			101			2
Other	37			26			11
Corporate	(149		)	(116		)	(33		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	935		$	642		$	293


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Market Factors Influencing Operations or Results in the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

As an agricultural commodity-based business, the Company is subject to a variety of market factors which affect the Company's operating results. During the second quarter of 2018, markets were more volatile amid escalating global trade tensions including the announcement of future tariffs on Chinese imports of U.S. soybeans. In Origination, dislocations in the market resulted in higher sales volumes and margins. In Oilseeds, dry conditions in Argentina resulted in a smaller soybean crop, which combined with continued good global meal demand, resulted in strong margins and volumes. South America oilseeds improved on better origination volumes and margins from stronger farmer selling. Demand and margins for refined oil remained solid. In Carbohydrate Solutions, global demand and prices for starches and sweeteners remained solid in North America while co-product prices were stable. U.S. ethanol industry production remained at high levels. Although ethanol demand remained strong both in North America and export markets due to favorable gasoline blending economics and ethanol's continuing status as a competitive octane enhancer, margins were pressured in the first quarter but improved slightly in the beginning of the second quarter. Nutrition benefited from strong demand for flavor ingredients and flavor systems and from strong demand for and favorable margin development in certain non-flavor food businesses.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Net earnings attributable to controlling interests increased $0.7 billion to $1.5 billion. Segment operating profit was $2.5 billion in the current period compared to $1.8 billion in the prior period. Included in segment operating profit in the current period was a net charge of $15 million consisting of asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges and gains on sales of a business and an asset. Included in segment operating profit in the prior period was a net charge of $74 million consisting of a net gain on sales of businesses and assets, impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges, and corn hedge timing effects. Adjusted segment operating profit increased $0.6 billion to $2.5 billion due to an increase in sales volumes of oils, soybeans, and corn, and flavors, improved margins in Origination, Oilseeds, and Nutrition, and the benefits of the 2017 biodiesel tax credit, partially offset by lower ethanol margins. Corporate results were a net charge of $739 million for the nine months compared to $737 million the same period last year. Corporate results for the nine months included a credit of $14 million from the effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves, compared to a credit of $4 million the same period last year.

Income taxes of $250 million decreased $6 million due to a lower effective tax rate partially offset by higher earnings before income taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 decreased to 14.3% compared to 24.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, due primarily to the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was enacted on December 22, 2017, the 2017 biodiesel tax credit which was retroactively reinstated in January 2018, and favorable second quarter discrete items.

Analysis of Statements of Earnings

Processed volumes by product for the nine months are as follows (in metric tons):



	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(In thousands)	2018	2017	Change
Oilseeds	27,303	25,602	1,701
Corn	16,708	16,851	(143	)
Total	44,011	42,453	1,558

The Company generally operates its production facilities, on an overall basis, at or near capacity, adjusting facilities individually, as needed, to react to the current margin environment and seasonal local supply and demand conditions. Processed volumes of oilseeds increased due to increasing demand for oilseed products. The overall decrease in corn is primarily related to the reconfiguration of the Company’s Peoria, Illinois ethanol complex in the third quarter of fiscal 2017 and production issues in the Decatur, Illinois corn complex.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Revenues by segment for the nine months are as follows:



	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018		2017		Change
	(In millions)
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	18,489	$	16,998	$	1,491
Transportation	182		154		28
Total Origination	18,671		17,152		1,519

Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	12,872		10,917		1,955
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	5,888		6,096		(208		)
Total Oilseeds	18,760		17,013		1,747

Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	5,048		4,893		155
Bioproducts	2,734		2,734		—
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	7,782		7,627		155

Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	1,970		1,825		145
Animal Nutrition	920		848		72
Total Nutrition	2,890		2,673		217

Other	291		293		(2		)
Total	$	48,394	$	44,758	$	3,636

Revenues increased $3.6 billion to $48.4 billion due principally to higher sales volumes ($1.9 billion) and higher sales prices ($1.7 billion). The increase in sales volumes was due principally to an increase in volumes of oils, soybeans, and corn. The increase in sales prices was due to increases in meal and corn. Origination revenues increased 9% to $18.7 billion due to higher sales prices ($1.1 billion) and higher sales volumes ($0.4 billion). Oilseeds revenues increased 10% to $18.8 billion due to higher sales volumes ($1.2 billion) and higher sales prices ($0.5 billion). Carbohydrate Solutions revenues increased 2% to $7.8 billion due to higher sales volumes ($0.3 billion), partially offset by lower sales prices ($0.1 billion). Nutrition revenues increased 8% to $2.9 billion due to higher sales prices ($0.2 billion).

Cost of products sold increased $3.1 billion to $45.3 billion due principally to higher sales volumes and higher prices for commodities. Included in cost of products sold was a credit of $14 million from the effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves compared to a credit of $4 million in the prior year’s period. Manufacturing expenses increased $0.1 billion to $4.0 billion due to individually insignificant increases in certain expense categories.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Foreign currency translation impacts increased both revenues and cost of products sold by $0.5 billion.

Gross profit increased $0.6 billion to $3.1 billion. Higher results in Crushing and Origination ($286 million), Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other ($91 million), Merchandising and Handling ($194 million), and Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients ($64 million) were partially offset by lower results in Bioproducts ($49 million). These factors are explained in the segment operating profit discussion on page 52. The effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves had a positive impact on gross profit of $14 million in the current period compared to a $4 million positive impact in the prior period.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased 6% to $1.6 billion due principally to higher performance-related compensation accruals partially offset by a decrease in office related expenses and outside services.

Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs decreased $99 million to $41 million. Current period charges consisted of $12 million of an equity investment impairment, $21 million of asset impairment related to a financing receivable, and $2 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges presented as specified items within segment operating profit, and $6 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges in Corporate. Prior period charges consisted of $80 million of asset impairments primarily related to the reconfiguration of the Company’s Peoria, Illinois ethanol complex and $13 million of individually insignificant restructuring charges presented as specified items within segment operating profit, and $47 million of restructuring charges in Corporate primarily related to the reduction of certain positions within the Company’s global workforce.

Interest expense increased $21 million to $267 million due to higher short-term debt rates and higher borrowings.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates increased $51 million to $378 million due to higher earnings from the Company’s investments in CIP and Olenex, partially offset by lower earnings from the Company’s other equity investments.

Other income - net of $42 million increased from a net expense of $7 million. Current period income included gains on disposals of a business, an equity investment, and individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business and other income, partially offset by foreign exchange losses. Prior period expense included a charge related to the early redemption of the Company’s $559 million aggregate principal amount of 5.45% notes due on March 15, 2018, foreign exchange losses, changes in contingent settlement provisions, the non-service cost components of net pension benefit cost, and an adjustment to the proceeds of the 2015 sale of the cocoa business, partially offset by gains related to the sale of the crop risk services business and disposals of other individually insignificant assets in the ordinary course of business.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Segment operating profit, adjusted segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure), and earnings before income taxes for the nine months are as follows:



	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
Segment Operating Profit	2018			2017			Change
	(In millions)
Origination
Merchandising and Handling	$	293		$	94		$	199
Transportation	70			49			21
Total Origination	363			143			220

Oilseeds
Crushing and Origination	493			192			301
Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other	308			196			112
Asia	241			236			5
Total Oilseeds	1,042			624			418

Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	699			705			(6		)
Bioproducts	49			88			(39		)
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	748			793			(45		)

Nutrition
Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients	259			223			36
Animal Nutrition	18			16			2
Total Nutrition	277			239			38

Other	72			78			(6		)

Specified Items:
Gains (losses) on sales of assets and businesses	21			20			1
Asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges	(36		)	(98		)	62
Hedge timing effects	—			4			(4		)
Total Specified Items	(15		)	(74		)	59

Total Segment Operating Profit	$	2,487		$	1,803		$	684

Adjusted Segment Operating Profit⁽¹⁾	$	2,502		$	1,877		$	625

Segment Operating Profit	$	2,487		$	1,803		$	684
Corporate	(739		)	(737		)	(2		)
Earnings Before Income Taxes	$	1,748		$	1,066		$	682

⁽¹⁾ Adjusted segment operating profit is segment operating profit excluding the above specified items.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Origination operating profit increased 154%. Merchandising and Handling was up significantly year-over-year. Global trade delivered strong results due to increased volumes, strong margins, and improved opportunities in the soybean value chain. North American grain was up due to improved margins and higher volumes. Transportation was up due primarily to higher freight rates.

Oilseeds operating profit increased 67%. Crushing and Origination results increased due to a strong margin environment. South America saw strong origination volumes and improving margins as farmer selling accelerated. Refining, Packaging, Biodiesel, and Other results were higher on approximately $120 million of income due to the passage of the 2017 biodiesel tax credit, solid biodiesel results, and higher earnings from the Company’s investment in Olenex, partially offset by weaker peanut shelling margins primarily caused by large peanut inventories and difficult market conditions. Asia results increased due to higher earnings from the Company’s investment in Wilmar.

Carbohydrate Solutions operating profit decreased 6%. Starches and Sweeteners results decreased due to lower margins and volumes in liquid sweeteners partially offset by improved results from starches and dry sweeteners. Bioproducts results were down as record industry fuel ethanol inventories pressured margins and on higher costs due to production issues in the Decatur, IL corn complex, partially offset by effective ethanol risk management.

Nutrition operating profit increased 16%. Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients results were up due to improved sales and earnings across the segment. In Wild Flavors, an improved portfolio mix boosted sales and margins. Health and Wellness improved driven largely by increased contributions from bioactives. Specialty Ingredients was up due to improved volumes and margins in proteins and increased sales in fibers partially offset by lower results in polyols. Animal Nutrition was up with strong sales, a good product mix, and favorable positions on certain ingredients, mostly offset by issues that constrained lysine production volumes and increased manufacturing costs, as well as lower premix margins.

Other operating profit decreased 8% primarily due to lower underwriting performance from the Company’s captive insurance operations during the first half of 2018, partially offset by stronger results from its futures commission brokerage business due to higher short-term interest rates.

Corporate results for the nine months are as follows:



	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018			2017			Change
	(In millions)
LIFO credit (charge)	$	14		$	4		$	10
Interest expense - net	(236		)	(232		)	(4		)
Unallocated corporate costs	(487		)	(359		)	(128		)
Adjustments related to acquisitions	4			—			4
Loss on debt extinguishment	—			(11		)	11
Restructuring charges	(6		)	(47		)	41
Other charges	(28		)	(92		)	64
Total Corporate	$	(739	)	$	(737	)	$	(2	)

Corporate results were a net charge of $739 million in the current period compared to $737 million in the prior period. The effect of changes in agricultural commodity prices on LIFO inventory valuation reserves resulted in a credit of $14 million in the current period compared to a credit of $4 million in the prior period. Interest expense - net increased $4 million due to higher short-term debt rates partially offset by interest income related to a tax credit and lower-tax related expense. Unallocated corporate costs increased $128 million due principally to higher performance-related compensation accruals and railroad maintenance expense that has an offsetting benefit in income tax expense. Adjustments related to acquisitions related to net gains on foreign exchange derivative contracts entered into to economically hedge certain acquisitions. Loss on debt extinguishment in the prior period related to the early redemption of the Company’s $559 million aggregate principal amount of 5.45% notes due on March 15, 2018. Restructuring charges decreased $41 million due to the reduction of certain positions within the Company’s global workforce in the prior period. Other charges decreased $64 million primarily due to improved results in the Company’s investment in CIP and lower non-service cost related pension expenses.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Management believes that adjusted EPS, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted segment operating profit are useful measures of the Company’s performance because they provide investors additional information about the Company’s operations allowing better evaluation of underlying business performance and better period-to-period comparability. Adjusted EPS, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted segment operating profit are not intended to replace or be an alternative to diluted EPS, earnings before income taxes and segment operating profit, respectively, the most directly comparable amounts reported under GAAP.

The table below provides a reconciliation of diluted EPS to adjusted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.



	Nine months ended September 30,
	2018						2017
	In millions			Per share			In millions			Per share
Average number of shares outstanding - diluted	567						574

Net earnings and reported EPS (fully diluted)	$	1,495		$	2.64		$	807		$	1.41
Adjustments:
LIFO charge (credit) - net of tax of $3 million in 2018 and $2 million in 2017 ⁽¹⁾	(11		)	(0.02		)	(2		)	—
(Gains) losses on sales of assets and businesses - net of tax of $1 million in 2018 and $32 million in 2017 ⁽²⁾	(20		)	(0.04		)	12			0.02
Asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges - net of tax of $12 million in 2018 and $47 million in 2017 ⁽²⁾	30			0.05			98			0.17
Certain discrete tax adjustments	(4		)	(0.01		)	4			0.01
Adjustments related to acquisitions - net of tax of $1 million ⁽²⁾	(3		)	—			—			—
Loss on debt extinguishment - net of tax of $4 million⁽¹⁾	—			—			7			0.01
Total adjustments	(8		)	(0.02		)	119			0.21
Adjusted net earnings and adjusted EPS	$	1,487		$	2.62		$	926		$	1.62

⁽¹⁾ Tax effected using the Company’s U.S. tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Tax effected using the applicable tax rates.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

The tables below provide a reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.



	Nine months ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2018			2017			Change
Earnings before income taxes	$	1,748		$	1,066		$	682
Interest expense	267			246			21
Depreciation and amortization	706			684			22
LIFO	(14		)	(4		)	(10		)
(Gains) losses on sales of assets and businesses	(21		)	(20		)	(1		)
Adjustments related to acquisitions	(4		)	—			(4		)
Loss on debt extinguishment	—			11			(11		)
Asset impairment, restructuring, and settlement charges	42			145			(103		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	2,724		$	2,128		$	596


	Nine months ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2018			2017			Change
Origination	$	493		$	275		$	218
Oilseeds	1,206			784			422
Carbohydrate Solutions	1,001			1,044			(43		)
Nutrition	387			339			48
Other	95			90			5
Corporate	(458		)	(404		)	(54		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	2,724		$	2,128		$	596


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

A Company objective is to have sufficient liquidity, balance sheet strength, and financial flexibility to fund the operating and capital requirements of a capital intensive agricultural commodity-based business. The Company’s strategy involves expanding the volume and diversity of crops that it merchandises and processes, expanding the global reach of its core model, and expanding its value-added product portfolio. The Company depends on access to credit markets, which can be impacted by its credit rating and factors outside of the Company’s control, to fund its working capital needs and capital expenditures. The primary source of funds to finance the Company’s operations, capital expenditures, and advancement of its growth strategy is cash generated by operations and lines of credit, including a commercial paper borrowing facility. In addition, the Company believes it has access to funds from public and private equity and debt capital markets in both U.S. and international markets.

Cash used in operating activities was $3.7 billion for the nine months compared to $3.2 billion for the same period last year. Working capital changes decreased cash by $5.6 billion for the nine months compared to $4.8 billion for the same period last year. Inventories decreased approximately $0.6 billion due to lower inventory quantities. Trade payables declined approximately $0.8 billion principally reflecting seasonal cash payments for North American harvest-related grain purchases.

Increase in deferred consideration in securitized receivables of $5.4 billion for the nine months and the same period last year was offset by $5.4 billion of net consideration received for beneficial interest obtained for selling trade receivables which were previously classified as operating activities for the nine months and the same period last year, that are now classified as investing activities in accordance with the amended guidance of Topic 230.

Cash provided by investing activities was $4.6 billion for the nine months compared to $4.5 billion for the same period last year. Capital expenditures and net assets of businesses acquired were $0.9 billion for the nine months and the same period last year. Investments in and advances to affiliates related to the joint venture with Cargill and investment in Aston Foods were $0.1 billion for the nine months compared to $0.3 billion of additional investment in Wilmar for the same period last year. Net consideration received for beneficial interest obtained for selling trade receivables was $5.4 billion for the nine months and the same period last year.

Cash used in financing activities was $0.1 billion for the nine months compared to $1.0 billion for the same period last year. Long-term debt borrowings in the current year related to the €650 million ($754 million as of September 30, 2018) aggregate principal amount of 1.0% Notes issued on September 12, 2018. Long-term debt payments for the nine months were $13 million compared to $0.8 billion for the same period last year, which related to the early redemption of the Company’s $559 million aggregate principal amount of 5.45% notes due in March 2018 and the retirement of the $261 million bond that matured in April 2017. Commercial paper payments for the nine months were $0.3 billion compared to commercial paper borrowings of $0.6 billion for the same period last year. There was an immaterial amount of share repurchases for the nine months compared to $0.7 billion for the same period last year.

At September 30, 2018, the Company had $0.9 billion of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term marketable securities and a current ratio, defined as current assets divided by current liabilities, of 1.7 to 1. Included in working capital was $5.4 billion of readily marketable commodity inventories. At September 30, 2018, the Company’s capital resources included shareholders’ equity of $19 billion and lines of credit, including the accounts receivable securitization programs described below, totaling $8.8 billion, of which $6.8 billion was unused. The Company’s ratio of long-term debt to total capital (the sum of the Company’s long-term debt and shareholders’ equity) was 26% at September 30, 2018 and 27% at December 31, 2017. The Company uses this ratio as a measure of the Company’s long-term indebtedness and an indicator of financial flexibility. The Company’s ratio of net debt (the sum of short-term debt, current maturities of long-term debt, and long-term debt less the sum of cash and cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities) to capital (the sum of net debt and shareholders’ equity) was 27% at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Of the Company’s total lines of credit, $5.0 billion supported the combined U.S. and European commercial paper borrowing programs, against which there was $0.4 billion of U.S. commercial paper outstanding at September 30, 2018. There was no commercial paper outstanding under the European program at September 30, 2018.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $0.9 billion of cash and cash equivalents, $0.3 billion of which was cash held by foreign subsidiaries whose undistributed earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested. Based on the Company’s historical ability to generate sufficient cash flows from its U.S. operations and unused and available U.S. credit capacity of $4.8 billion, the Company has asserted that these funds are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

The Company has accounts receivable securitization programs (the “Programs”) with certain commercial paper conduit purchasers and committed purchasers. The Programs, as amended, provide the Company with up to $1.8 billion in funding against accounts receivable transferred into the Programs and expands the Company’s access to liquidity through efficient use of its balance sheet assets (see Note 16 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 1 herein, “Financial Statements” for more information and disclosures on the Programs). As of September 30, 2018, the Company utilized $1.5 billion of its facility under the Programs. The Programs are due to terminate during the first half of 2019. However, the Company currently expects to extend these Programs upon termination.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company spent approximately $0.6 billion in capital expenditures and $0.6 billion in dividends. The Company has a stock repurchase program and has acquired an insignificant number of shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company has 13.8 million shares remaining that may be repurchased under the stock repurchase program until December 31, 2019.

The Company expects capital expenditures of approximately $0.8 billion and cash outlays of approximately $0.8 billion in dividends during 2018.

In July 2018, the Company announced that it has reached an agreement to purchase Neovia, a French-headquartered global provider of value-added animal nutrition solutions, with 72 production facilities and a presence in 25 countries, for $1.8 billion (€1.5 billion) subject to customary adjustments and regulatory approvals. The Company plans to fund the transaction using operating cash flows and other sources of liquidity.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The Company’s purchase obligations as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were $13.0 billion and $9.5 billion, respectively. The increase is related to obligations to purchase higher quantities of agricultural commodity inventories. As of September 30, 2018, the Company expects to make payments related to purchase obligations of $11.2 billion within the next twelve months. There were no other material changes in the Company’s contractual obligations during the quarter ended September 30, 2018.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

There were no material changes in the Company’s off balance sheet arrangements during the quarter ended September 30, 2018.

Critical Accounting Policies

There were no material changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies during the quarter ended September 30, 2018.


ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The market risk inherent in the Company’s market risk sensitive instruments and positions is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in: commodity market prices as they relate to the Company’s net commodity position, foreign currency exchange rates, and interest rates. Significant changes in market risk sensitive instruments and positions for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 are described below. There were no material changes during the period in the Company’s potential loss arising from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.

For detailed information regarding the Company’s market risk sensitive instruments and positions, see Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Commodities

The availability and prices of agricultural commodities are subject to wide fluctuations due to factors such as changes in weather conditions, crop disease, plantings, government programs and policies, competition, changes in global demand, changes in customer preferences and standards of living, and global production of similar and competitive crops.


ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK (Continued)

The fair value of the Company’s commodity position is a summation of the fair values calculated for each commodity by valuing all of the commodity positions at quoted market prices for the period, where available, or utilizing a close proxy. The Company has established metrics to monitor the amount of market risk exposure, which consist of volumetric limits and value-at-risk (VaR) limits. VaR measures the potential loss, at a 95% confidence level, that could be incurred over a one-year period. Volumetric limits are monitored daily and VaR calculations and sensitivity analysis are monitored weekly.

In addition to measuring the hypothetical loss resulting from an adverse two standard deviation move in market prices (assuming no correlations) over a one-year period using VaR, sensitivity analysis is performed measuring the potential loss in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in market prices. The highest, lowest, and average weekly position together with the market risk from a hypothetical 10% adverse price change is as follows:



	Nine months ended				Year ended
	September 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
Long/(Short) (In millions)	Fair Value		Market Risk		Fair Value			Market Risk
Highest position	$	434	$	43	$	455		$	46
Lowest position	25		2		(82		)	(8		)
Average position	245		25		213			21

The change in fair value of the average position was the result of an increase in quantities partially offset by a decrease in prices underlying the weekly commodity position.


ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of September 30, 2018, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. There was no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

The Company is implementing a new enterprise resource planning (ERP) system on a worldwide basis as part of its ongoing business transformation program, which is expected to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of certain financial and business transaction processes. The implementation is expected to occur in phases over the next several years. The Company has currently implemented changes to certain processes in corporate finance, two processing businesses, and in over 200 locations, and will continue to implement process and system changes over the next several years. The Company has appropriately considered these changes in its design of and testing for effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting and concluded, as part of the evaluation described in the above paragraph, that the implementation of the new ERP in these circumstances has not materially affected its internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION


ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is routinely involved in a number of actual or threatened legal actions, including those involving alleged personal injuries, employment law, product liability, intellectual property, environmental issues, alleged tax liability (see Note 11 for information on income tax matters), and class actions. The Company also routinely receives inquiries from regulators and other government authorities relating to various aspects of our business, and at any given time, the Company has matters at various stages of resolution with the applicable government authorities. The outcomes of these matters are not within our complete control and may not be known for prolonged periods of time. In some actions, claimants seek damages, as well as other relief including injunctive relief, that could require significant expenditures or result in lost revenues. In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for material loss contingencies when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a known or probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a material loss contingency is reasonably possible but not known or probable, and can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss or range of loss is disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. When determining the estimated loss or range of loss, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded. Estimates of probable losses resulting from litigation and governmental proceedings involving the Company are inherently difficult to predict, particularly when the matters are in early procedural stages, with incomplete facts or legal discovery; involve unsubstantiated or indeterminate claims for damages; potentially involve penalties, fines, disgorgement, or punitive damages; or could result in a change in business practice.

The Company has been a party to numerous lawsuits pending in various U.S. state and federal courts arising out of Syngenta Corporation’s (Syngenta) marketing and distribution of genetically modified corn products, Agrisure Viptera and Agrisure Duracade, in the U.S. First, the Company brought a state court action in Louisiana against Syngenta in 2014, alleging Syngenta was negligent in commercializing its products before the products were approved in China. In December 2017, the Company and Syngenta reached a confidential settlement of this action. Second, Syngenta brought third-party claims against the Company in 2015 in a federal multidistrict litigation (MDL) in Kansas City, Kansas, a state court MDL in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and other courts, seeking contribution in the event Syngenta is held liable in class actions by farmers and other parties. In the December 2017 settlement, Syngenta agreed to dismiss all of these third-party claims against the Company. Third, farmers and other parties have sued the Company and other grain companies in numerous individual and purported class action suits in Illinois state and federal courts beginning in the fourth quarter of 2015, alleging the Company and other grain companies were negligent in failing to screen for genetically modified corn. On January 4, 2017, a federal court in the Southern District of Illinois dismissed, subject to appeal, all of the pending federal complaints against the Company, and thus the Company remains a defendant only in certain Illinois state court actions by farmers and other parties, which actions the Company has moved to dismiss as well. The Company denies liability in all of the actions in which it has been named as a third-party defendant or defendant and is vigorously defending itself in these cases. All of these actions are in pretrial proceedings. At this time, the Company is unable to predict the final outcome of this matter with any reasonable degree of certainty, but believes the outcome will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

The Company is not currently a party to any legal proceeding or environmental claim that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.


ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS

There were no significant changes in the Company’s risk factors during the quarter ended September 30, 2018. For further information about the Company’s risk factors, refer to Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.


ITEM 2.	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased ⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Program ⁽²⁾	Number of Shares Remaining that May be Purchased Under the Program ⁽²⁾
July 1, 2018 to
July 31, 2018	2,205	$	45.287	334	13,759,113

August 1, 2018 to
August 31, 2018	4,746	49.816		185	13,758,928

September 1, 2018 to
September 30, 2018	503	49.811		147	13,758,781
Total	7,454	$	48.476	666	13,758,781

(1)

Total shares purchased represents those shares purchased in the open market as part of the Company’s publicly announced share repurchase program described below, shares received as payment for the exercise price of stock option exercises, and shares received as payment for the withholding taxes on vested restricted stock awards. During the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, there were 6,788 shares received as payments for the minimum withholding taxes on vested restricted stock awards and for the exercise price of stock option exercises.


(2)	On November 5, 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing the Company to repurchase up to 100,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock during the period commencing January 1, 2015 and ending December 31, 2019.


ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS



(3)(i)		Composite Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001 (File No. 1-44)).

(3)(ii)		Bylaws, as amended, through February 9, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 13, 2017 (File No. 1-44)).

4.1		The registrant hereby agrees that it will, upon request of the Securities and Exchange Commission, furnish a copy of each instrument with respect to long-term debt.

(31.1)		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a–14(a) and Rule 15d–14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.

(31.2)		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a–14(a) and Rule 15d–14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.

(32.1)		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

(32.2)		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

(101)		Interactive Data File

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY



	/s/ R. G. Young
	R. G. Young
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer



	/s/ D. C. Findlay
	D. C. Findlay
	Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary

Dated: November 6, 2018