ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES INC - Quarter Report: 2014 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014

OR

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 1-2116

ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (717) 397-0611

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant; (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter time period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Number of shares of Armstrong World Industries, Inc.’s common stock outstanding as of April 22, 2014 – 54,808,061.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents incorporated by reference may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Those forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding our intent, belief or expectations, including, but not limited to, our expectations concerning our residential and commercial markets and their effect on our operating results; our expectations regarding the payment of dividends, and our ability to increase revenues, earnings and EBITDA (as such terms are defined by documents incorporated by reference herein). Words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “project,” “predict,” “believe,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “seek,” “estimate” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and beliefs and are subject to a number of factors that could lead to actual results materially different from those described in the forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that our expectations will be attained. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, results of operations or future prospects or which could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to:

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Such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We expressly disclaim any obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based.

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PART I —FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income

(amounts in millions, except per share data)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page 9.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(amounts in millions, except share data)

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page 9.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(amounts in millions, except share data)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page 9.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(amounts in millions)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page 9.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Armstrong World Industries, Inc. (“AWI”) is a Pennsylvania corporation incorporated in 1891. When we refer to “we,” “our” and “us” in these notes, we are referring to AWI and its subsidiaries. We use the term “AWI” when we are referring solely to Armstrong World Industries, Inc.

In December 2000, AWI filed a voluntary petition for relief (the “Filing”) under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”) in order to use the court-supervised reorganization process to achieve a resolution of AWI’s asbestos-related liability. On October 2, 2006, AWI’s court-approved plan of reorganization became effective and AWI emerged from Chapter 11. All claims in AWI’s Chapter 11 case have been resolved and closed.

On October 2, 2006, the Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Asbestos Personal Injury Settlement Trust (the “Asbestos PI Trust”) was created to address AWI’s personal injury (including wrongful death) asbestos-related liability. All present and future asbestos-related personal injury claims against AWI, including contribution claims of co-defendants but excluding certain foreign claims against subsidiaries, arising directly or indirectly out of AWI’s pre-Filing use of, or other activities involving, asbestos are channeled to the Asbestos PI Trust.

In August 2009, Armor TPG Holdings LLC (“TPG”) and the Asbestos PI Trust entered into agreements pursuant to which TPG purchased from the Asbestos PI Trust 7,000,000 shares of our common stock and acquired an economic interest in an additional 1,039,777 shares pursuant to a forward sales contract. During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Asbestos PI Trust and TPG together sold 5,980,000 shares in a secondary public offering. In the third quarter of 2013, the Asbestos PI Trust and TPG together sold 12,057,382 shares in another secondary public offering. Contemporaneously with this secondary public offering, we paid $261.4 million, including associated fees, to buy back 5,057,382 shares, which we currently hold in treasury. The treasury share purchase was funded by existing cash and borrowings under our credit and securitization facilities. In November 2013, the Asbestos PI Trust physically settled the 2009 forward sales contract by delivering to TPG the 1,039,777 shares in which TPG previously held an economic interest. Additionally, during the fourth quarter of 2013, the Asbestos PI Trust and TPG together sold an additional 6,000,000 shares. In March 2014, the Asbestos PI Trust and TPG together sold an additional 3,900,000 shares, which consisted of the last remaining 2,054,977 shares owned by TPG and an additional 1,845,023 shares owned by the Asbestos PI Trust. We did not sell any shares and did not receive any proceeds from these offerings. As a result of these transactions the Asbestos PI Trust now holds approximately 17% of our outstanding shares and TPG no longer owns any of our common stock.

In September 2012, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our cabinets business for $27 million. The sale was completed in October 2012. The transaction was subject to working capital adjustments which were completed in the second quarter of 2013. The financial results of the cabinets business, which were previously shown as a separate reporting segment, have been reclassified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. See Note 3 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional financial information related to discontinued operations.

The accounting policies used in preparing the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q are the same as those used in preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2013. These statements should therefore be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes that are included in the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. In the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal recurring nature have been included to provide a fair statement of the results for the reporting periods presented. Quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of annual earnings, primarily due to the different level of sales in each quarter of the year and the possibility of changes in general economic conditions.

Certain amounts in the prior year’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been recast to conform to the 2014 presentation.

These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The statements include management estimates and judgments, where appropriate. Management utilizes estimates to record many items including certain asset values, allowances for

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

bad debts, inventory obsolescence and lower of cost or market charges, warranty, workers’ compensation, general liability and environmental claims and income taxes. When preparing an estimate, management determines the amount based upon the consideration of relevant information. Management may confer with outside parties, including outside counsel. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2013-04 “Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date” which is part of ASC 405: Liabilities. The guidance requires an entity to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements, within the scope of this ASU, as the amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. The guidance requires an entity to disclose the nature and amount of the obligation. The guidance is to be applied retrospectively and was effective for us beginning January 1, 2014. There was no impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows as a result of the adoption of this guidance.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11 “Income Taxes—Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists” which is part of ASC 740: Income Taxes. The guidance requires an entity to present an unrecognized tax benefit and a net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward on a net basis as part of a deferred tax asset, unless the unrecognized tax benefit is not available to reduce the deferred tax asset component or would not be utilized for that purpose, then a liability would be recognized. The guidance was applied prospectively and was effective for us beginning January 1, 2014. As a result of adopting this guidance, we recorded a reduction to noncurrent income taxes payable and a corresponding increase to noncurrent deferred tax liabilities of approximately $40 million. There was no impact on results of operations or cash flows as a result of the adoption of this guidance.

Operating results for the first quarter of 2014 and 2013 included in this report are unaudited. However, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been reviewed by an independent registered public accounting firm in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) for a limited review of interim financial information.

NOTE 2. SEGMENT RESULTS

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

Impairment testing of our tangible assets occurs whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable.

NOTE 3. – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

In September 2012, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our cabinets business to American Industrial Partners (“AIP”) for $27 million in cash. During the third quarter of 2012, we recorded an impairment charge of $17.5 million on the cabinets’ assets to reflect the expected proceeds from the sale. The sale was completed in October 2012. The transaction was subject to working capital adjustments which were completed in the second quarter of 2013.

The operating results of the cabinets business (previously shown as the Cabinets reporting segment), for the first quarter of 2013 was a pre-tax loss of $0.3 million ($0.2 million net of tax benefit). The financial results of the cabinets business have been classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows does not separately report the cash flows of the discontinued operation.

During the third quarter of 2013, we recorded an estimated liability of $7.5 million for a potential withdrawal liability related to a multi-employer pension plan. See Note 17 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 4. ACCOUNTS AND NOTES RECEIVABLE

Generally, we sell our products to select, pre-approved customers whose businesses are affected by changes in economic and market conditions. We consider these factors and the financial condition of each customer when establishing our allowance for losses from doubtful accounts.

NOTE 5. INVENTORIES

NOTE 6. OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

NOTE 7. EQUITY INVESTMENT

Investment in joint venture at March 31, 2014 reflected our 50% equity interest in our Worthington Armstrong Venture (“WAVE”) joint venture with Worthington Industries, Inc. Condensed income statement data for WAVE is summarized below:

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 8. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table details amounts related to our intangible assets as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

NOTE 9. SEVERANCES AND RELATED COSTS

In the first quarter of 2013, we recorded $5.2 million for severance and related costs to reflect approximately 40 position eliminations in our European Resilient Flooring business ($1.8 million in cost of goods sold and $1.0 million in selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense) and approximately 40 position eliminations in our Resilient Flooring business in Australia ($2.4 million in cost of goods sold).

NOTE 10. INCOME TAX EXPENSE

The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2014 was lower than the comparable period of 2013 primarily due to mix of income and a lower rate impact of unbenefitted foreign losses. First quarter 2013 income was lower as a result of the write-off of unamortized debt financing costs related to our previous credit facility to interest expense.

We do not expect to record any material changes during 2014 to unrecognized tax benefits that were claimed on tax returns covering tax years ending on or before December 31, 2013.

As of March 31, 2014, we consider foreign unremitted earnings to be permanently reinvested.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 11. DEBT

On March 15, 2013, we refinanced our $1.3 billion senior credit facility and amended the underlying credit agreement. The amended facility is composed of a $250 million revolving credit facility (with a $150 million sublimit for letters of credit), a $550 million Term Loan A and a $475 million Term Loan B. The terms of the facility resulted in a lower interest rate spread (2.5% vs. 3.0%) than our previous facility. We also extended the maturity of Term Loan A from November 2015 to March 2018 and of Term Loan B from March 2018 to March 2020. The facility is secured by U.S. personal property, the capital stock of material U.S. subsidiaries, and a pledge of 65% of the stock of our material first tier foreign subsidiaries. In connection with the refinancing, we incurred $8.3 million for bank, legal, and other fees, of which $7.2 million was capitalized and is being amortized into interest expense over the life of the loans. Additionally, we wrote off $18.9 million of unamortized debt financing costs in the first quarter of 2013 related to our previous credit facility to interest expense (see Liquidity for further information).

As of March 31, 2014, we were in compliance with all covenants of the amended senior credit facility. Our debt agreements include other restrictions, including restrictions pertaining to the acquisition of additional debt, the redemption, repurchase or retirement of our capital stock, payment of dividends, and certain financial transactions as it relates to specified assets. We currently believe that default under these covenants is unlikely. Fully borrowing under our revolving credit facility would not violate these covenants.

On March 28, 2013, we amended our $100 million Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility with the Bank of Nova Scotia. We decreased the facility to $75 million to reduce commitment fees on unused capacity. The maturity was extended to March 2016.

As of March 31, 2014, outstanding balances on the revolving credit facility and accounts receivable securitization facility were $20.0 million and $17.8 million respectively and are classified as short-term debt. There was no outstanding balance on either facility as of December 31, 2013.

NOTE 12. PENSIONS AND OTHER BENEFIT PROGRAMS

Following are the components of net periodic benefit costs:

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 13. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. The estimated fair values of our financial instruments are as follows:

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and short-term debt approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. The fair value estimates of long-term debt were based upon quotes from a major financial institution of recently observed trading levels of our Term Loan B debt. The fair value estimates of foreign currency contract obligations are estimated from market quotes provided by a well-recognized national market data provider. The fair value estimates of natural gas contracts are estimated using internal valuation models with verification by obtaining quotes from major financial institutions. For natural gas swap transactions, fair value is calculated using NYMEX market quotes provided by a well-recognized national market data provider. For natural gas option based strategies, fair value is calculated using an industry standard Black-Scholes model with market based inputs, including but not limited to, underlying asset price, strike price, implied volatility, discounted risk free rate and time to expiration, provided by a well-recognized national market data provider. The fair value estimates for interest rate swap contracts are estimated by obtaining quotes from major financial institutions with verification by internal valuation models.

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

Assets and liabilities are summarized below:

We do not have any financial assets or liabilities that are valued using Level 3 (unobservable) inputs.

NOTE 14. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices that could impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. We use forward swaps and option contracts to hedge these exposures. Exposure to individual counterparties is controlled and derivative financial instruments are entered into with a diversified group of major financial institutions. Forward swaps and option contracts are entered into for periods consistent with underlying exposure and do not constitute positions independent of those exposures. At inception, hedges that we designate as hedging instruments are formally documented as either (1) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or “cash flow” hedge, or (2) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized liability or asset or “fair value” hedge. We also formally assess both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in either the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. If it is determined that a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, or if the anticipated transaction is no longer probable of occurring, we discontinue hedge accounting, and any future mark-to-market adjustments are recognized in earnings. We use derivative financial instruments as risk management tools and not for speculative trading purposes.

Counterparty Risk

We only enter into derivative transactions with established counterparties having a credit rating of BBB or better. We monitor counterparty credit default swap levels and credit ratings on a regular basis. All of our derivative transactions with counterparties are governed by master International Swap and Derivatives Association agreements (“ISDAs”) with netting arrangements. These agreements can limit our exposure in situations where we have gain and loss positions outstanding with a single counterparty. We do not post nor do we receive cash collateral with any counterparty for our derivative transactions. These ISDAs do not have any credit contingent features; however, a default under our bank credit facility would trigger a default under these agreements. Exposure to individual counterparties is controlled, and thus we consider the risk of counterparty default to be negligible.

Commodity Price Risk

We purchase natural gas for use in the manufacturing process and to heat many of our facilities. As a result, we are exposed to fluctuations in the price of natural gas. We have a policy to reduce cost volatility for North American natural gas purchases by purchasing natural gas forward contracts and swaps, purchased call options, and zero-cost collars up to 24 months forward to reduce our overall exposure to natural gas price movements. The contracts are based on forecasted usage of natural gas measured in mmBtu’s. There is a high correlation between the hedged item and the hedged instrument. The gains and losses on these transactions offset gains and losses on the transactions being hedged. These instruments are designated as cash flow hedges. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the notional amount of these hedges was $16.4 million and $20.1 million, respectively. The mark-to-market gain or loss on qualifying hedges is included in other comprehensive income to the extent effective, and reclassified into cost of goods sold in the period during which the underlying gas is consumed. The mark-to-market gains or losses on ineffective portions of hedges are recognized in cost of goods sold immediately. The earnings impact of the ineffective portion of these hedges was not material for the first quarter of 2014 and 2013.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

Currency Rate Risk – Sales and Purchases

We manufacture and sell our products in a number of countries throughout the world and, as a result, we are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. To a large extent, our global manufacturing and sales provide a natural hedge of foreign currency exchange rate movement, as foreign currency expenses generally offset foreign currency revenues. We manage our cash flow exposures on a net basis and use derivatives to hedge the majority of our unmatched foreign currency cash inflows and outflows. As of March 31, 2014, our major, pre-hedging foreign currency exposures are to the Canadian dollar, the Chinese Renminbi and the Euro.

We use foreign currency forward exchange contracts to reduce our exposure to the risk that the eventual net cash inflows and outflows resulting from the sale of products to foreign customers and purchases from foreign suppliers will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. These derivative instruments are used for forecasted transactions and are classified as cash flow hedges. Cash flow hedges are executed quarterly, generally up to 15 months forward, and allow us to further reduce our overall exposure to exchange rate movements, since gains and losses on these contracts offset gains and losses on the transactions being hedged. The notional amount of these hedges was $143.5 million and $130.9 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Gains and losses on these instruments are recorded in other comprehensive income, to the extent effective, until the underlying transaction is recognized in earnings. The earnings impact of the ineffective portion of these hedges was not material for the first quarter of 2014 and 2013.

Currency Rate Risk - Intercompany Loans and Dividends

We may use foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge exposures created by cross-currency intercompany loans and dividends. The translation adjustments related to these loans are recorded in other non-operating income or expense. The offsetting gains or losses on the related derivative contracts are also recorded in other non-operating income or expense. These contracts are decreased or increased as repayments are made or additional intercompany loans are extended or adjusted for intercompany dividend activity as necessary. The notional amount of these hedges was $60.3 million and $36.7 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

Interest Rate Risk

We utilize interest rate swaps to minimize the fluctuations in earnings caused by interest rate volatility. Interest expense on variable-rate liabilities increases or decreases as a result of interest rate fluctuations. The following table summarizes our interest rate swaps:

Under the terms of the Term Loan A swaps we receive 3-month LIBOR and pay a fixed rate over the hedged period. Under the terms of the Term Loan B swaps, we receive the greater of 3-month LIBOR or the 1% LIBOR Floor and pay a fixed rate over the hedged period. These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges against changes in LIBOR for a portion of our variable rate debt.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

Financial Statement Impacts

The following tables detail amounts related to our derivatives as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Our derivative assets and liabilities not designated as hedging instruments were not material at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The derivative asset and liability amounts below are shown in gross amounts; we have not netted assets with liabilities.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

The amount of pre-tax gain recognized in income for derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments was $2.7 million for the first quarter of 2014. No gain or loss was recognized in the first quarter of 2013.

NOTE 15. PRODUCT WARRANTIES

We provide direct customer and end-user warranties for our products. These warranties cover manufacturing defects that would prevent the product from performing in line with its intended and marketed use. The terms of these warranties vary by product. We collect and analyze warranty claims data with a focus on the historic amount of claims, the products involved, the amount of time between the warranty claims and their respective sales and the amount of current sales. The following table summarizes the activity for the accrual of product warranties for the first three months of 2014 and 2013:

The warranty provision and related reserve are recorded as a reduction of sales and accounts receivable.

NOTE 16. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 17. LITIGATION AND RELATED MATTERS

ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

Environmental Compliance

Our manufacturing and research facilities are affected by various federal, state and local requirements relating to the discharge of materials and the protection of the environment. We make expenditures necessary for compliance with applicable environmental requirements at each of our operating facilities. These regulatory requirements continually change, therefore we cannot predict with certainty future expenditures associated with compliance with environmental requirements.

Environmental Sites

Summary

We are actively involved in the investigation, closure and/or remediation of existing or potential environmental contamination under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, and state or international Superfund and similar type environmental laws at several domestically- and internationally-owned, formerly owned and non-owned locations allegedly resulting from past industrial activity. In a few cases, we are one of several potentially responsible parties and have agreed to jointly fund the required investigation and remediation, while preserving our defenses to the liability. We may also have rights of contribution or reimbursement from other parties or coverage under applicable insurance policies.

Estimates of our future liability at the environmental sites are based on evaluations of currently available facts regarding each individual site. We consider factors such as our activities associated with the site, existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations and prior company experience in remediating contaminated sites. Although current law imposes joint and several liability on all parties at Superfund sites, our contribution to the remediation of these sites is expected to be limited by the number of other companies potentially liable for site remediation. As a result, our estimated liability reflects only our expected share. In determining the probability of contribution, we consider the solvency of other parties, the site activities of other parties, whether liability is being disputed, the terms of any existing agreements and experience with similar matters, and the effect of our Chapter 11 reorganization upon the validity of the claim.

Specific Material Events

St Helens, OR

In August 2010, we entered into a Consent Order (the “Consent Order”) with the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (“ODEQ”), along with Kaiser Gypsum Company, Inc. (“Kaiser”), and Owens Corning Sales LLC (“OC”), with respect to our St. Helens, OR Building Products facility, which was previously owned by Kaiser and then OC. The Consent Order, which replaces a previous order of the ODEQ requiring us to investigate and remediate hazardous substances present at the facility, requires that we and Kaiser complete a remedial investigation and feasibility study (“RI/FS”) on the portion of the site owned by us (“Owned Property”), which is comprised of Upland and Lowland areas. The Consent Order further requires us, Kaiser and OC to conduct an RI/FS in the In-Water area of the adjacent Scappoose Bay. We are currently in an investigation phase for both the Owned Property and the Scappoose Bay and all draft investigative and risk assessment reports have been submitted for review to ODEQ. At this time, we have determined that it is probable that remedial action for certain portions of the Owned Property will be required. The current estimate of our future liability at the site includes the known investigation work required by the Consent Order and the current projected cost of possible remedies for certain portions of the Owned Property. At this time, we are unable to reasonably estimate any remediation costs that we may ultimately incur with respect to other portions of the Owned Property or the Scappoose Bay, although such costs may be material. If additional investigative or remedial action is required by ODEQ, it could result in additional costs greater than the amounts currently estimated and those costs may be material.

Costs and responsibilities for investigation, including the current RI/FS for the Owned Property continue to be shared with Kaiser pursuant to a cost sharing agreement with Kaiser. Contemporaneously with the execution of the Consent Order, we, Kaiser and OC also entered into a separate cost sharing agreement for both the investigation and possible remediation of the Scappoose Bay. Kaiser’s shares under the cost sharing agreements are being funded by certain insurance policies, which comprise substantially all of Kaiser’s assets. If Kaiser and OC are unwilling or unable to fulfill their obligations under the cost sharing agreements, or seek to contest or challenge the allocations, or if Kaiser’s insurance policies are unable to fund Kaiser’s shares, it could result in additional cost to us greater than the amounts currently estimated and those costs may be material.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

The principal contaminants at the St. Helens site are arsenic and dioxin compounds from historic operations by prior owners of the plant. As part of the investigation on the site pursuant to the Consent Order, we conducted an analysis of the raw materials used in our manufacturing processes at the St. Helens facility to identify possible sources of these same contaminants. Our testing found low levels of naturally occurring dioxin in sourced clay, known as ball clay, used in the production of some of our fire-retardant products at our St. Helens manufacturing facility. Based on the data from the soil and sediment samples from our St. Helens property and the data from the ball clay, we do not believe that the presence of dioxin in our raw material will have a material impact on our ultimate liability at the site. In addition, consistent with our health and safety policies, we tested employee exposure levels at two facilities representative of our handling procedures at all plants that use this ball clay and, as a result of such testing, do not believe that the ball clay poses a hazard to our employees based on applicable regulatory standards. Based on the manufacturing process and the amount of raw material utilized, we also believe that the dioxin levels in our finished products do not pose a hazard to installers or consumers. While we have not received any claims related to this raw material or our fire-retardant products, there can be no assurance that the raw material or the finished products will not become the subject of legal claims or regulatory actions or that such claims or actions will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Macon, GA

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) has listed two landfills located on a portion of our Building Products facility in Macon, GA, along with the former Macon Naval Ordnance Plant landfill adjacent to our property, and portions of Rocky Creek (collectively, the “Macon Site”) as a Superfund site on the National Priorities List due to the presence of contaminants, most notably PCBs.

In September 2010, we entered into an Administrative Order on Consent for a Removal Action with the EPA to investigate PCB contamination in one of the landfills on our property, the Wastewater Treatment Plant Landfill (the “WWTP Landfill”). We concluded the investigative phase of the Removal Action for the WWTP Landfill and submitted our final Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (“EE/CA”) to the EPA. The EPA approved the EE/CA and issued an Action Memorandum in July 2013 selecting our recommended remedy for the Removal Action. We are currently negotiating an Administrative Order on Consent for Removal Action and will begin remedy design and implementation work once finalized. Our estimate of future liability includes costs for the remedial work for the WWTP Landfill.

It is probable that we will incur field investigation, engineering and oversight costs associated with a RI/FS with respect to the remainder of the Superfund site, which includes the other landfill on our property, as well as areas on and adjacent to Armstrong’s property and Rocky Creek (the “Remaining Site”). We have not yet entered into an Order with the EPA for the Remaining Site and, as a result, have not yet commenced an investigation of this portion of the site. Accordingly, we are able to estimate only a small portion of the probable costs that may be associated with the RI/FS for the Remaining Site. We anticipate, however, that the EPA may require significant investigative work for the Remaining Site and that we may ultimately incur costs in remediating any contamination discovered during the RI/FS. We are unable to reasonably estimate the total costs associated with the investigation work or any resulting remediation therefrom, although such amounts may be material.

Elizabeth City, NC

This site is a former cabinet manufacturing facility that was operated by Triangle Pacific Corporation, now known as Armstrong Wood Products, Inc. (“Triangle Pacific”) from 1977 until 1996. The site was formerly owned by the U.S. Navy (“Navy”) and Westinghouse, now CBS Corporation (“CBS”). We assumed ownership of the site when we acquired the stock of Triangle Pacific in 1998. Prior to our acquisition, the NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources listed the site as a hazardous waste site. In 1997, Triangle Pacific entered into a cost sharing agreement with Westinghouse whereby the parties agreed to share equally in costs associated with investigation and potential remediation. In 2000, Triangle Pacific and CBS entered into an RI/FS with the EPA for the site. In 2007, we and CBS entered into an agreement with the Navy whereby the Navy agreed to pay one third of defined past and future investigative costs up to a certain amount, which has now been exhausted. Although the parties initially submitted the RI/FS work plan to the EPA in 2004, the EPA did not approve the RI/FS work plan until August 2011. We submitted the draft Remedial Investigative and Risk Assessments in the first quarter of 2014. We are unable to reasonably estimate any additional investigative costs or determine

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

whether remediation will be required. If remediation is required, the related costs may be material, although we expect these costs to be shared with CBS and the Navy.

Summary of Financial Position

Liabilities of $7.9 million at March 31, 2014 and $8.3 million at December 31, 2013 were recorded for potential environmental liabilities, on a global basis, that we consider probable and for which a reasonable estimate of the probable liability could be made. Where existing data is sufficient to estimate the liability, that estimate has been used; where only a range of probable liabilities is available and no amount within that range is more likely than any other, the lower end of the range has been used. As assessments and remediation activities progress at each site, these liabilities are reviewed to reflect new information as it becomes available. These liabilities are undiscounted.

The estimated liabilities above do not take into account any claims for recoveries from insurance or third parties. It is our policy to record probable recoveries that are either available through settlement or anticipated to be recovered through negotiation or litigation as assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. No material amounts were recorded for probable recoveries at March 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013.

Actual costs to be incurred at identified sites may vary from our estimates. Based on our knowledge of the identified sites, it is not possible to reasonably estimate future costs in excess of amounts already recognized.

MULTI-EMPLOYER PENSION WITHDRAWAL LIABILITY CLAIM

On February 15, 2013, we received a demand notice from the Carpenters Labor-Management Pension Fund (the “Fund”) of a deemed withdrawal relating to the sale of our cabinets business to AIP in 2012. The Fund claims that the sale triggered a withdrawal liability to the Fund relating to unfunded vested plan benefits attributable to our role as a contributing employer under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Multiemployer Pension Plan Amendments Act of 1980, notwithstanding the assumption and maintenance by AIP of ongoing contribution obligations under the applicable union bargaining agreement. The claimed amount is $15.2 million, payable in a lump-sum or over 20 years on a quarterly basis. Pursuant to the demand notice, we provided information and reviewed the determination with the Fund, and have made regular quarterly payments under protest pending resolution of the dispute. We have the opportunity to identify any inaccuracies in the determination of the claimed amount of unfunded vested plan benefits allocated to us, and to arbitrate the matter. We are pursuing both of these opportunities and have notified the Fund of our intent to proceed to arbitration, which we expect to occur in 2014.

On September 24, 2013, the Fund informed us that it disagrees with our position that the sale transaction did not trigger a withdrawal liability. In March 2014, the Fund informed us that AIP withdrew from the Fund effective December 12, 2013. Under our sale agreements with AIP, we have agreed to indemnify AIP with respect to a portion (not to exceed $10.0 million) of any potential withdrawal liability that may be incurred by AIP in the event of a withdrawal by AIP from the Fund, but such indemnities only apply in the event that the sale of assets transaction itself did not trigger withdrawal liability.

A charge of $7.5 million was recorded during the third quarter of 2013 within Discontinued Operations (due to the association with the divestiture of the cabinets business). As of March 31, 2014, we have a liability of $7.0 million relative to this matter. Adjustments to our liability could be recorded based upon completion of our actuarial analysis of unfunded vested plan benefits and the arbitration process. We do not believe that the ultimate disposition of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

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Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASES

In October 2010, a coalition of U.S. producers of multilayered wood flooring (not including Armstrong) filed petitions seeking antidumping (“AD”) and countervailing duties (“CVD”) with the United States Department of Commerce (“DOC”) and the United States International Trade Commission (“ITC”) against imports of multilayered hardwood flooring from China. The AD petition requested duties of up to 269% on imports of multilayered hardwood flooring, which it claimed were needed to offset unfair pricing from Chinese imports that injure the U.S. industry. The CVD petition requested an unspecified level of duties be imposed on importers to offset alleged unfair subsidies provided by the Chinese government.

We produce multilayered wood flooring domestically and import multilayered wood flooring from third party suppliers in China. We also have a plant in Kunshan China (“Armstrong Kunshan”) that manufactures multilayered wood flooring for export to the U.S. We were specifically mentioned in the AD and CVD petitions as an importer. Under the U.S. AD and CVD laws, a U.S. importer may be responsible for the payment of any antidumping and countervailing duties.

In response to the petitions, the DOC conducted investigations and issued CVD and AD orders on December 8, 2011. Pursuant to the orders, Armstrong Kunshan’s final rates were 1.5% (CVD) and 3.31% (AD). These rates became effective in the form of additional duty deposits and applied retroactively as of April 6, 2011 (CVD) and May 26, 2011 (AD).

Following the issuance of the CVD and AD orders, appeals were filed by several parties challenging various aspects of the determinations by both the DOC and the ITC, including certain aspects that may impact the validity of the orders and the applicable rates. Armstrong is participating in two of these appeals, which are currently ongoing and are expected to conclude in 2014.

Additionally, the DOC is currently conducting annual administrative reviews of the CVD and AD final rates. In 2013, Armstrong Kunshan was selected for individual review as a mandatory respondent in the first annual administrative review. As part of that review process, which is scheduled to conclude in 2014, Armstrong Kunshan’s original CVD and AD rates may be changed and applied retroactively to the DOC’s preliminary determinations in the original investigation. On November 25, 2013, the DOC issued a preliminary AD rate of 8.87% for Armstrong Kunshan as part of the first annual administrative review of the AD rates. On January 16, 2014, the DOC issued a preliminary CVD rate of 0.9% for Armstrong Kunshan as part of the first annual administrative review of the CVD rates. These preliminary review rates are estimates only and the final AD and CVD review rates are expected to be issued in second quarter of 2014. While we are unable to predict the final review rates, based on the preliminary review rates we do not expect that this matter will have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

OTHER CLAIMS

We are involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters from time to time that arise in the ordinary course of conducting business, including matters involving our products, intellectual property, relationships with suppliers, distributors, relationships with competitors, employees and other matters. While complete assurance cannot be given to the outcome of these proceedings, we do not believe that any of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

NOTE 18. SPECIAL CASH DIVIDEND

On March 23, 2012, our Board of Directors declared a special cash dividend in the amount of $8.55 per share, or approximately $508 million in the aggregate, of which $502.9 million was paid on April 10, 2012 to the shareholders of record as of April 3, 2012. Additional payments of $3.7 million have been made through the end of the first quarter of 2014. The remaining dividends will be paid when the underlying employee awards vest, while vested director awards will be paid upon their separation from service on the Board of Directors. Most of the outstanding balance at March 31, 2014 is expected to be paid in the first quarter of 2015. The dividend was recorded as a reduction of retained earnings to the extent that retained earnings were available at the dividend declaration date. Dividends in excess of retained earnings were recorded as a reduction of capital in excess of par value.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in millions)

NOTE 19. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings per share (“EPS”) components may not add due to rounding.

The following table is a reconciliation of earnings to earnings attributable to common shares used in our basic and diluted EPS calculations for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:

The following table is a reconciliation of basic shares outstanding to diluted shares outstanding for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (shares in millions):

At March 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no anti-dilutive options excluded from the computation of diluted EPS.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

Armstrong World Industries, Inc.:

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Armstrong World Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2014 and the related condensed consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income, cash flows and shareholders’ equity for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. These condensed consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the condensed consolidated financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We have previously audited, in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2013, and the related consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income, cash flows, and equity for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 24, 2014, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

April 28, 2014

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements, the accompanying notes, the cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements and risk factors included in this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.

OVERVIEW

We are a leading global producer of flooring products and ceiling systems for use primarily in the construction and renovation of residential, commercial and institutional buildings. Through our United States (“U.S.”) operations and U.S. and international subsidiaries, we design, manufacture and sell flooring products (primarily resilient and wood) and ceiling systems (primarily mineral fiber, fiberglass and metal) around the world. As of March 31, 2014 we operated 35 manufacturing plants in eight countries, including 20 plants located throughout the U.S.

Reportable Segments

Building Products — produces suspended mineral fiber, soft fiber and metal ceiling systems for use in commercial, institutional and residential settings. In addition, our Building Products segment sources complementary ceiling products. Our products, which are sold worldwide, are available in numerous colors, performance characteristics and designs, and offer attributes such as acoustical control, rated fire protection and aesthetic appeal. Commercial ceiling materials and accessories are sold to resale distributors and to ceiling systems contractors. Residential ceiling products are sold in North America primarily to wholesalers and retailers (including large home centers). Suspension system (grid) products manufactured by Worthington Armstrong Venture (“WAVE”) are sold by both us and WAVE.

Resilient Flooring — produces and sources a broad range of floor coverings primarily for homes and commercial and institutional buildings. Manufactured products in this segment include vinyl sheet, vinyl tile and linoleum flooring. In addition, our Resilient Flooring segment sources and sells laminate flooring products, vinyl tile products, vinyl sheet products, adhesives, and installation and maintenance materials and accessories. Resilient Flooring products are offered in a wide variety of types, designs, and colors. We sell these products worldwide to wholesalers, large home centers, retailers, contractors and to the manufactured homes industry.

Wood Flooring — produces and sources wood flooring products for use in new residential construction and renovation, with some commercial applications in stores, restaurants and high-end offices. The product offering includes pre-finished solid and engineered wood floors in various wood species, and related accessories. Virtually all of our Wood Flooring sales are in North America. Our Wood Flooring products are generally sold to independent wholesale flooring distributors and large home centers.

Unallocated Corporate — includes assets, liabilities, income and expenses that have not been allocated to the business units. Balance sheet items classified as Unallocated Corporate are primarily income tax related accounts, cash and cash equivalents, the Armstrong brand name, the U.S. prepaid pension cost and long-term debt. Expenses for our corporate departments and certain benefit plans are allocated to the reportable segments based on known metrics, such as specific activity or headcount. The remaining items, which cannot be attributed to the other reportable segments without a high degree of generalization, are reported in Unallocated Corporate.

The assets, liabilities and financial results related to our formerly owned cabinets business are classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented.

See Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional financial information on our consolidated company and our reportable segments.

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Factors Affecting Revenues

Markets. We compete in building material markets around the world. The majority of our sales are in North America and Europe. We closely monitor publicly available macroeconomic trends that provide insight to commercial and residential market activity including Gross Domestic Product, the Architecture Billings Index and the Consumer Confidence Index. In addition, we noted several factors and trends within our markets that directly affected our business performance during the first quarter of 2014, including:

Americas

We noted softness in commercial markets, particularly education and, to a lesser extent, healthcare, as public spending remained constrained. In addition, we saw some regional variability in the office market, and strength in retail. These trends impacted both our Building Products and Resilient Flooring businesses, but with greater impact on Resilient Flooring, as a significant portion of our commercial sales in Resilient Flooring originate from the education and healthcare markets.

Residential markets continued to improve, driven primarily by strength in builder activity while renovation activity increased slightly. These trends impacted our Wood and Resilient Flooring businesses.

Revenues for all of our businesses were negatively impacted by severe weather conditions experienced during the first quarter of 2014.

Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”)

The majority of our sales in EMEA are to commercial markets in sectors dependent on public spending. Continued softness in commercial sectors, such as office, education and healthcare, contributed to mixed results across EMEA. These trends impacted our Building Products and Resilient Flooring businesses.

Pacific Rim

Commercial markets in India and Southeast Asia grew, while China and Australia markets were mixed.

Pricing Initiatives. We periodically modify prices in each of our business segments due to changes in costs for raw materials and energy, and to market conditions and the competitive environment. In certain cases, realized price increases are less than the announced price increases because of competitive reactions and changing market conditions. We estimate that pricing actions increased our first quarter 2014 total consolidated net sales by approximately $12 million compared to the first quarter of 2013.

Due to rising raw material prices we announced price increases in our resilient flooring, wood flooring, ceilings and grid businesses in the Americas, and in our ceilings businesses in EMEA and the Pacific Rim, effective in the first quarter of 2014. In response to continued rising raw material prices, we also announced price increases in our resilient and wood flooring businesses in the Americas effective in the second quarter of 2014. We may implement additional pricing actions if raw material prices continue at, or rise from, current levels.

Mix. Each of our businesses offers a wide assortment of products that are differentiated by style, design and performance attributes. Pricing and margins for products within the assortment vary. Changes in the relative quantity of products purchased at the different price points can impact year-to-year comparisons of net sales and operating income. We estimate that mix improvements increased our total consolidated net sales in the first quarter of 2014 by approximately $9 million compared to the first quarter of 2013.

Factors Affecting Operating Costs

Operating Expenses. Our operating expenses are comprised of direct production costs (principally raw materials, labor and energy), manufacturing overhead costs, freight, costs to purchase sourced products and selling, general, and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses.

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Our largest individual raw material expenditures are for lumber and veneers, PVC resins and plasticizers. Natural gas is also a significant input cost. Fluctuations in the prices of these inputs are generally beyond our control and have a direct impact on our financial results. In the first quarter of 2014 costs for raw materials, sourced products and energy negatively impacted operating income by $12 million when compared to the first quarter of 2013.

During the first quarter of 2013, our Resilient Flooring business incurred approximately $5 million of severance charges associated with cost reduction actions in Australia and EMEA.

Employees

As of March 31, 2014, we had approximately 8,600 full-time and part-time employees worldwide, compared to 8,700 as of December 31, 2013.

In 2014, we have negotiated three-year collective bargaining agreements covering approximately 700 production and maintenance employees at one of our wood flooring plants and approximately 250 production and maintenance employees at one of our building products plants.

RESULTS OF CONTINUING OPERATIONS

Unless otherwise indicated, net sales in these results of continuing operations are reported based upon the location where the sale was made. Please refer to Notes 2 and 3 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a reconciliation of operating income to consolidated earnings from continuing operations before income taxes and additional financial information related to discontinued operations.

The increase in consolidated net sales was driven by favorable price and mix of $21 million which more than offset $8 million of lower volume.

Net sales in the Americas increased as price and mix improvements more than offset the impact of volume declines in Resilient and Wood Flooring.

Net sales in the EMEA markets increased driven by higher volumes in the Middle East which more than offset the impact of unfavorable price and mix.

Net sales in the Pacific Rim increased despite unfavorable foreign exchange impact of approximately $3 million, as volume growth and higher prices more than offset unfavorable mix.

Cost of goods sold in 2014 was 75.6% of net sales, compared to 76.8% for the same period in 2013. The decrease was due to reductions in manufacturing costs driven by higher productivity during the first quarter of 2014 and $5 million of severance charges associated with cost reduction actions in Australia and EMEA in the Resilient Flooring business during the first quarter of 2013, which combined to offset higher costs for lumber and other raw materials.

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SG&A expenses in 2014 were $117.3 million, or 18.5% of net sales, compared to $112.7 million, or 18.1% of net sales, in 2013. The increase was due primarily to the timing of promotional spending in Resilient Flooring and Building Products go-to-market investments to support emerging market growth initiatives.

Equity earnings from our WAVE joint venture were $14.8 million in 2014, as compared to $15.2 million in 2013. See Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Interest expense was $11.6 million in 2014 compared to $33.2 million in 2013. The decrease was primarily due to the write-off of unamortized debt financing costs associated with the refinancing of our senior credit facility during the first quarter of 2013 (see Liquidity for further information).

Income tax expense was $19.3 million and $11.9 million for the first quarter of 2014 and 2013, respectively. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2014 was 53.3% as compared to a rate of 78.8% for the same period of 2013. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2014 was lower than the comparable period of 2013 primarily due to mix of income and a lower rate impact of unbenefitted foreign losses. First quarter 2013 income was lower as a result of the write-off of unamortized debt financing costs related to our previous credit facility to interest expense.

In March 2014, we announced the commencement of a secondary public offering (the “Offering”) of 3,900,000 shares of our common stock held by Armor TPG Holdings LLC (“TPG”) and the Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Asbestos Personal Injury Settlement Trust (“Asbestos PI Trust”).

Upon completion of the Offering, TPG no longer holds any of our common stock, and accordingly the shareholders’ agreement between the Asbestos PI Trust and TPG was automatically terminated in accordance with its terms. In addition, upon completion of the Offering, the Asbestos PI Trust owns less than 20% of our outstanding common shares. Accordingly, certain provisions of our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws specifically relating to the rights and obligations of the Asbestos PI Trust are no longer applicable.

As previously disclosed in prior SEC filings, our ability to utilize deferred tax assets may be impacted by certain future events, such as changes in tax legislation, insufficient future taxable income prior to expiration of certain deferred tax assets, annual limits imposed under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 382”) or by state law, as a result of an “ownership change.” This “ownership change” is defined as a cumulative increase in certain shareholders’ ownership of the Company by more than 50 percentage points during the previous rolling three year period.

We have determined as of March 31, 2014, the completion of the latest Offering did not result in an “ownership change” under Section 382, based on the size of the Offering and the factors discussed below. Together the Asbestos PI Trust and TPG collectively sold 5,980,000 shares, 12,057,382 shares and 6,000,000 shares of the Company’s common shares during the fourth quarter of 2012, the third quarter of 2013 and the fourth quarter of 2013, respectively. Those sales, when combined with the 3,900,000 common shares sold in the Offering, significantly increase the likelihood that future sales by the Asbestos PI Trust will cause an “ownership change” under Section 382. At this time, we estimate that an additional sale of the Company’s common shares by the Asbestos PI Trust prior to December 2015 would be reasonably likely to cause an “ownership change” under Section 382. An “ownership change” may result in limitations on the utilization of certain tax attributes, primarily our ability to deduct state net operating losses (“NOLs”) against future state taxable income. If such “ownership change” were to occur, then we would be required to record a one-time, non-cash charge in our income statement in the period in which such “ownership change” occurs. We currently estimate that, if such “ownership change” had occurred in the first quarter of 2014, based on the factors discussed below, the one-time charge that would have been taken would have reduced our net earnings by an amount between $4.0 million and $8.0 million. This pro forma estimated range of net earnings reduction is based on current management estimates and assumptions that are subject to change over time. The actual amount of the required charge, if any, may differ materially from this current estimate. Key factors impacting the calculation include, but are not limited to, our stock price on the date of the “ownership change”, the applicable tax-

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exempt interest rate, the tax basis and fair market value of our assets, federal and state tax regulations, projections of future taxable income and prior NOL usage.

Total other comprehensive income (“OCI”) was $6.1 million and $7.0 million for the first quarters of 2014 and 2013, respectively. Foreign currency translation adjustments represent the change in the U.S. dollar value of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Amounts in the first quarter of 2014 were driven primarily by changes in the exchange rates of the Australian dollar, the Chinese Renminbi, the Russian Ruble and the British Pound. Amounts in the first quarter of 2013 were driven primarily by changes in the exchange rates of the British Pound, the Euro and the Australian dollar. Derivative gain/loss represents the mark to market value adjustments of our derivative assets and liabilities and the recognition of gains and losses previously deferred in OCI. The period change is primarily due to the mark to market changes related to our interest rate swap derivatives. Pension and postretirement adjustments represent the amortization of actuarial gains and losses related to our defined-benefit pension and postretirement plans. The amounts in both periods primarily related to the amortization of losses on the U.S. pension plans.

REPORTABLE SEGMENT RESULTS