ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP - Quarter Report: 2020 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: September 30, 2020


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-31343

Associated Banc-Corp

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Wisconsin									39-1098068
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


433 Main Street
Green Bay,	Wisconsin	54301
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(920) 491-7500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(not applicable)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share	ASB	New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shrs, each representing 1/40th intrst in a shr of 6.125% Non-Cum. Perp Pref Stock, Srs C	ASB PrC	New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shrs, each representing 1/40th intrst in a shr of 5.375% Non-Cum. Perp Pref Stock, Srs D	ASB PrD	New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shrs, each representing 1/40th intrst in a shr of 5.875% Non-Cum. Perp Pref Stock, Srs E	ASB PrE	New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shrs, each representing 1/40th intrst in a shr of 5.625% Non-Cum. Perp Pref Stock, Srs F	ASB PrF	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☑

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☑

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

The number of shares outstanding of registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at October 27, 2020 was 153,589,914.


ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Table of Contents


		Page
PART I. Financial Information

	Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited):	5

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	5

	Consolidated Statements of Income	6

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	7

	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity	8

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	10

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	12

	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	57

	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	86

	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	86

PART II. Other Information

	Item 1. Legal Proceedings	87

	Item 1A. Risk Factors	86

	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	89

	Item 6. Exhibits	91

	Signatures	92


ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Commonly Used Acronyms and Abbreviations
The following listing provides a reference of common acronyms and abbreviations used throughout the document:


ABRC			Associated Benefits & Risk Consulting, the Corporation's insurance division which was sold on June 30, 2020
ABS			Asset Backed Securities
ACL			Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Investments
ACLL			Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

ALCO			Asset / Liability Committee
ASC			Accounting Standards Codification
Associated / Corporation / our / us / we			Associated Banc-Corp collectively with all of its subsidiaries and affiliates
Associated Bank / the Bank			Associated Bank, National Association
ASU			Accounting Standards Update

Basel III			International framework established by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision for the regulation of capital and liquidity
bp			basis point(s)
CARES Act			Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
CDs			Certificates of Deposit
CDIs			Core Deposit Intangibles
CECL			Current Expected Credit Losses
CET1			Common Equity Tier 1

CMO			Collateralized Mortgage Obligation
CRA			Community Reinvestment Act

EAR			Earnings at Risk

Exchange Act			Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
FASB			Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC			Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve			Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FFELP			Federal Family Education Loan Program
FHLB			Federal Home Loan Bank
FHLMC			Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
FICO			Fair Isaac Corporation, provider of a broad-based risk score to aid in credit decisions
First Staunton			First Staunton Bancshares, Incorporated
FNMA			Federal National Mortgage Association
FOMC			Federal Open Market Committee
FTP			Funds Transfer Pricing
GAAP			Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
GNMA			Government National Mortgage Association
GSEs			Government-Sponsored Enterprises
Huntington			The Huntington National Bank, a subsidiary of Huntington Bancshares Incorporated


LIBOR			London Interbank Offered Rate
LTV			Loan-to-Value
MBS			Mortgage-Backed Securities
MSLP			Main Street Lending Program
MSRs			Mortgage Servicing Rights


MVE			Market Value of Equity
Net Free Funds			Noninterest-bearing sources of funds
NII			Net Interest Income
NPAs			Nonperforming Assets
OCC			Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

OREO			Other Real Estate Owned
Parent Company			Associated Banc-Corp individually
PCD			Purchased Credit Deteriorated
PPP			Paycheck Protection Program
PPPLF			Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility
RAP			Retirement Account Plan - the Corporation's noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan
Restricted Stock Awards			Restricted common stock and restricted common stock units to certain key employees
S&P			Standard & Poor's
SBA			Small Business Administration
SEC			U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Series C Preferred Stock			The Corporation's 6.125% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C, liquidation preference $1,000 per share
Series D Preferred Stock			The Corporation's 5.375% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D, liquidation preference $1,000 per share
Series E Preferred Stock			The Corporation's 5.875% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E, liquidation preference $1,000 per share
Series F Preferred Stock			The Corporation's 5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series F, liquidation preference $1,000 per share

TDR			Troubled Debt Restructuring
USI			USI Insurance Services LLC
YTD			Year-to-Date

Table of Contents


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.			Financial Statements:

ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Consolidated Balance Sheets


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
(In Thousands, except share and per share data)	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	401,151	$	373,380
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions	712,416		207,624
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	95		7,740
Investment securities held to maturity, net, at amortized cost(a)	1,990,870		2,205,083
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value	3,258,360		3,262,586
Equity securities	15,090		15,090
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stocks, at cost	168,280		227,347
Residential loans held for sale	130,139		136,280
Commercial loans held for sale	19,360		15,000
Loans	25,003,753		22,821,440
Allowance for loan losses(a)	(384,711)		(201,371)
Loans, net	24,619,041		22,620,068
Bank and corporate owned life insurance	679,257		671,948
Tax credit and other investments	314,066		279,969

Premises and equipment, net	422,222		435,284
Goodwill	1,107,902		1,176,230
Mortgage servicing rights, net	45,261		67,306
Other intangible assets, net	70,507		88,301

Interest receivable	91,612		91,196
Other assets	653,117		506,046
Total assets	$	34,698,746	$	32,386,478
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	$	7,489,048	$	5,450,709
Interest-bearing deposits	19,223,500		18,328,355
Total deposits	26,712,547		23,779,064
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase	155,329		433,097
Commercial paper	50,987		32,016
PPPLF	1,022,217		—
FHLB advances	1,706,763		3,180,967
Other long-term funding	549,201		549,343

Allowance for unfunded commitments(a)	57,276		21,907
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(a)	398,991		467,961
Total liabilities	30,653,313		28,464,355
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred equity	353,637		256,716
Common equity
Common stock	1,752		1,752
Surplus	1,717,186		1,716,431
Retained earnings(a)	2,424,992		2,380,867
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	3,995		(33,183)
Treasury stock, at cost	(456,129)		(400,460)
Total common equity	3,691,796		3,665,407
Total stockholders’ equity	4,045,433		3,922,124
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	34,698,746	$	32,386,478
Preferred shares authorized (par value $1.00 per share)	750,000		750,000
Preferred shares issued and outstanding	364,458		264,458
Common shares authorized (par value $0.01 per share)	250,000,000		250,000,000
Common shares issued	175,216,409		175,216,409
Common shares outstanding	153,551,692		157,171,247

Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

(a) See Note 3 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional details on the adoption of ASU 2016-13.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:

ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In Thousands, except per share data)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans	$	182,625	$	248,579	$	599,306	$	768,216
Interest and dividends on investment securities
Taxable	13,689		23,485		50,064		79,248
Tax-exempt	14,523		14,491		44,021		42,950
Other interest	2,238		4,865		7,774		13,086
Total interest income	213,075		291,420		701,165		903,500
Interest expense
Interest on deposits	10,033		61,585		59,877		191,408
Interest on federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase	34		145		454		1,058
Interest on other short-term funding	5		30		46		113
Interest on PPPLF	899		—		1,574		—
Interest on FHLB advances	14,375		15,896		47,471		53,194
Interest on long-term funding	5,580		7,398		16,780		22,196
Total interest expense	30,925		85,054		126,201		267,969
Net interest income	182,150		206,365		574,964		635,532
Provision for credit losses	43,009		2,000		157,009		16,000
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	139,141		204,365		417,954		619,532
Noninterest income
Wealth management fees(a)	21,152		21,015		62,884		61,885
Service charges and deposit account fees	14,283		16,561		40,989		47,102
Card-based fees	10,195		10,456		28,685		29,848
Other fee-based revenue	4,968		5,085		14,240		14,246
Capital markets, net	7,222		4,300		22,067		12,215
Mortgage banking, net	12,636		10,940		31,043		25,118
Bank and corporate owned life insurance	3,074		4,337		9,793		11,482
Insurance commissions and fess	114		20,954		45,153		69,403
Asset gains (losses), net(b)	(339)		877		156,945		2,316
Investment securities gains (losses), net	7		3,788		9,222		5,931
Other	2,232		2,537		7,321		8,344
Total noninterest income	75,545		100,850		428,342		287,890
Noninterest expense
Personnel	108,567		123,170		334,117		366,449
Technology	19,666		20,572		61,639		59,698
Occupancy	17,854		15,164		48,386		45,466
Business development and advertising	3,626		7,991		13,007		21,284
Equipment	5,399		6,335		16,150		17,580
Legal and professional	5,591		5,724		15,809		14,342
Loan and foreclosure costs	2,118		1,638		8,842		5,599
FDIC assessment	3,900		4,000		14,650		12,250
Other intangible amortization	2,253		2,686		7,939		7,237
Acquisition related costs(c)	218		1,629		2,457		5,995
Loss on prepayments of FHLB advances	44,650		—		44,650		—
Other	13,745		12,021		35,537		34,479
Total noninterest expense	227,587		200,930		603,184		590,380
Income (loss) before income taxes	(12,900)		104,286		243,112		317,042
Income tax expense (benefit)	(58,114)		20,947		3,342		62,356
Net income	45,214		83,339		239,769		254,686
Preferred stock dividends	5,207		3,801		13,152		11,402
Net income available to common equity	$	40,007	$	79,539	$	226,618	$	243,285
Earnings per common share
Basic	$	0.26	$	0.50	$	1.47	$	1.49
Diluted	$	0.26	$	0.49	$	1.46	$	1.48
Average common shares outstanding
Basic	152,440		159,126		153,175		161,727
Diluted	153,194		160,382		153,914		163,061

Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

(a) Includes trust, asset management, brokerage, and annuity fees.

(b) The nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes a gain of $163 million from the sale of ABRC. The nine months ended September 30, 2019 includes less than $1 million of Huntington related asset losses.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:

ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019

Net income	$	45,214	$	83,339	$	239,769	$	254,686
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Investment securities available for sale
Net unrealized gains (losses)	5,840		33,173		53,900		123,139
Amortization of net unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale securities transferred to held to maturity securities	1,296		(8)		2,628		279
Reclassification adjustment for net losses (gains) realized in net income	(7)		(3,788)		(9,222)		(5,931)


Income tax (expense) benefit	(1,786)		(7,410)		(11,852)		(29,651)
Other comprehensive income (loss) on investment securities available for sale	5,342		21,967		35,454		87,836
Defined benefit pension and postretirement obligations
Amortization of prior service cost	(36)		(36)		(111)		(111)
Amortization of actuarial loss (gain)	1,313		229		2,923		357

Income tax (expense) benefit	(703)		(49)		(1,088)		(62)
Other comprehensive income (loss) on pension and postretirement obligations	573		144		1,724		184
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	5,916		22,111		37,178		88,020
Comprehensive income	$	51,130	$	105,450	$	276,948	$	342,706

Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:

ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity


(In Thousands, except per share data)	Preferred Equity		Common Stock		Surplus		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	256,716	$	1,752	$	1,716,431	$	2,380,867	$	(33,183)	$	(400,460)	$	3,922,124
Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)	—		—		—		(98,337)		—		—		(98,337)
Total shareholder's equity at beginning of period, as adjusted	256,716		1,752		1,716,431		2,282,530		(33,183)		(400,460)		3,823,787
Comprehensive income
Net income	—		—		—		45,838		—		—		45,838
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		16,209		—		16,209
Comprehensive income													62,046
Common stock issued
Stock-based compensation plans, net	—		—		(20,659)		—		—		23,555		2,896


Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases	—		—		—		—		—		(71,255)		(71,255)
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—		—		(5,555)		(5,555)
Cash dividends
Common stock, $0.18 per share	—		—		—		(28,392)		—		—		(28,392)
Preferred stock(a)	—		—		—		(3,801)		—		—		(3,801)




Stock-based compensation expense, net	—		—		10,744		—		—		—		10,744




Balance, March 31, 2020	$	256,716	$	1,752	$	1,706,516	$	2,296,176	$	(16,974)	$	(453,714)	$	3,790,471

Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		—		—		148,718		—		—		148,718
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		15,054		—		15,054
Comprehensive income													163,772
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net	—		—		1,523		—		—		(1,350)		173

Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—		—		7		7
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.18 per share	—		—		—		(27,889)		—		—		(27,889)
Preferred stock(b)	—		—		—		(4,144)		—		—		(4,144)
Issuance of preferred stock	97,129		—		—		—		—		—		97,129
Stock-based compensation expense, net	—		—		4,939		—		—		—		4,939
Balance, June 30, 2020	$	353,846	$	1,752	$	1,712,978	$	2,412,859	$	(1,920)	$	(455,057)	$	4,024,457

Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		—		—		45,214		—		—		45,214
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		5,916		—		5,916
Comprehensive income													51,130
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net	—		—		706		—		—		(610)		95

Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—		—		(462)		(462)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.18 per share	—		—		—		(27,875)		—		—		(27,875)
Preferred stock(c)	—		—		—		(5,207)		—		—		(5,207)
Issuance of preferred stock	(208)		—		—		—		—		—		(208)
Stock-based compensation expense, net	—		—		3,502		—		—		—		3,502
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	353,637	$	1,752	$	1,717,186	$	2,424,992	$	3,995	$	(456,129)	$	4,045,433

Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

(a) Series C, $0.3828125 per share; Series D, $0.3359375 per share; and Series E, $0.3671875 per share.

(b) Series C, $0.3828125 per share; Series D, $0.3359375 per share; Series E, $0.3671875 per share; and Series F, $0.0849931 per share.

(c) Series C, $0.3828125 per share; Series D, $0.3359375 per share; Series E, $0.3671875 per share; and Series F, $0.3515625 per share.

Table of Contents


(In Thousands, except per share data)	Preferred Equity		Common Stock		Surplus		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	256,716	$	1,752	$	1,712,615	$	2,181,414	$	(124,972)	$	(246,638)	$	3,780,888
Comprehensive income
Net income	—		—		—		86,686		—		—		86,686
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		21,597		—		21,597

Comprehensive income													108,283
Common stock issued
Stock-based compensation plans, net	—		—		(32,220)		—		—		39,265		7,045


Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases	—		—		—		—		—		(29,999)		(29,999)
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—		—		(7,468)		(7,468)
Cash dividends
Common stock, $0.17 per share	—		—		—		(28,183)		—		—		(28,183)
Preferred stock(a)	—		—		—		(3,801)		—		—		(3,801)


Stock-based compensation expense, net	—		—		9,397		—		—		—		9,397


Other	—		—		—		(293)		—		—		(293)
Balance, March 31, 2019	$	256,716	$	1,752	$	1,689,792	$	2,235,824	$	(103,375)	$	(244,840)	$	3,835,870

Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		—		—		84,661		—		—		84,661
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		44,311		—		44,311
Comprehensive income													128,972
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net	—		—		(211)		—		—		1,038		827


Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases	—		—		—		—		—		(39,602)		(39,602)
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—		—		(831)		(831)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.17 per share	—		—		—		(27,776)		—		—		(27,776)
Preferred stock(a)	—		—		—		(3,801)		—		—		(3,801)



Stock-based compensation expense, net	—		—		6,134		—		—		—		6,134

Balance, June 30, 2019	$	256,716	$	1,752	$	1,695,715	$	2,288,909	$	(59,063)	$	(284,235)	$	3,899,794

Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		—		—		83,339		—		—		83,339
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		22,111		—		22,111
Comprehensive income													105,450
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net	—		—		12,561		—		—		(11,363)		1,198
Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases	—		—		—		—		—		(59,999)		(59,999)
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—		—		(194)		(194)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.17 per share	—		—		—		(27,289)		—		—		(27,289)
Preferred stock(a)	—		—		—		(3,801)		—		—		(3,801)
Stock-based compensation expense, net	—		—		5,696		—		—		—		5,696
Balance, September 30, 2019	$	256,716	$	1,752	$	1,713,971	$	2,341,158	$	(36,953)	$	(355,791)	$	3,920,855

Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

(a) Series C, $0.3828125 per share; Series D, $0.3359375 per share; and Series E, $0.3671875 per share.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:

ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019
Cash Flow From Operating Activities
Net income	$	239,769	$	254,686
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Provision for credit losses	157,009		16,000
Depreciation and amortization	38,707		43,704
Addition to (recovery of) valuation allowance on mortgage servicing rights, net	18,481		177
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights	16,416		8,749
Amortization of other intangible assets	7,939		7,237
Amortization and accretion on earning assets, funding, and other, net	21,748		17,607
Net amortization of tax credit investments	18,988		15,512
Losses (gains) on sales of investment securities, net	(9,222)		(5,931)
Asset (gains) losses, net	(156,945)		(2,316)
(Gain) loss on mortgage banking activities, net	(43,889)		(15,966)
Mortgage loans originated and acquired for sale	(1,319,034)		(824,289)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale	1,620,777		1,048,729

Changes in certain assets and liabilities
(Increase) decrease in interest receivable	(415)		2,476
Increase (decrease) in interest payable	(12,735)		589
Increase (decrease) in expense payable	(32,892)		(15,932)
(Increase) decrease in net derivative position	(133,165)		(109,948)
Increase (decrease) in unsettled trades	1,000		2,577
(Increase) decrease in net income tax position	(58,002)		33,770
Net change in other assets and other liabilities	48,525		(7,446)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	423,060		469,986
Cash Flow From Investing Activities
Net increase in loans	(2,170,320)		(72,644)
Purchases of
Available for sale securities	(1,368,124)		(460,124)
Held to maturity securities	(109,824)		(322,590)
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stocks	(84,152)		(214,554)
Premises, equipment, and software, net of disposals	(34,440)		(50,385)
Other intangibles	(200)		—
Proceeds from
Sales of available for sale securities	626,283		1,367,450

Sale of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stocks	144,000		257,646
Prepayments, calls, and maturities of available for sale investment securities	893,157		400,648
Prepayments, calls, and maturities of held to maturity investment securities	323,175		168,378
Sales, prepayments, calls, and maturities of other assets	18,457		6,674
Net cash received in ABRC sale	256,511		—
Net change in tax credit and alternative investments	(35,630)		(50,117)
Net cash (paid) received in acquisition	(31,518)		551,250
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(1,572,625)		1,581,631
Cash Flow From Financing Activities
Net increase (decrease) in deposits	2,495,229		(1,200,004)
Net increase (decrease) in short-term funding	(284,655)		(48,630)
Net increase (decrease) in short-term FHLB advances	(520,000)		(685,000)
Repayment of long-term FHLB advances	(966,777)		(763,036)
Proceeds from long-term FHLB advances	4,000		751,573


Proceeds from PPPLF	1,022,217		—
Repayment of finance lease principal	(1,044)		—
Proceeds from issuance of preferred shares	96,921		—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock for stock-based compensation plans	3,165		9,070




Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases	(71,255)		(129,600)
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans	(6,010)		(8,493)
Cash dividends on common stock	(84,156)		(83,248)
Cash dividends on preferred stock	(13,152)		(11,402)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	1,674,484		(2,168,770)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	524,918		(117,154)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	588,744		876,698
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	1,113,663	$	759,545

Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	$	137,423	$	266,192
Cash paid for (received from) income and franchise taxes	17,682		38,979
Loans and bank premises transferred to OREO	12,599		7,374
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights	11,495		8,900
Loans transferred into held for sale from portfolio, net	260,856		326,476
Unsettled trades to purchase securities	1,000		2,577
Acquisition
Fair value of assets acquired, including cash and cash equivalents	457,878		695,848
Fair value ascribed to goodwill and intangible assets	22,150		29,837
Fair value of liabilities assumed	480,028		725,764
Equity issued in (adjustments related to) acquisition	—		(79)

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same sum amounts shown on the consolidated statements of cash flows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,113,663	$	562,798
Restricted cash	—		196,747
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$	1,113,663	$	759,545

Amounts included in restricted cash represent required reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank, which is included in interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions on the face of the consolidated balance sheets. At September 30, 2020, the Corporation had no restricted cash due to the Federal Reserve reducing the required ratios to zero percent.

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Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:

ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, therefore, certain information and footnote disclosures normally presented in accordance with GAAP have been omitted or abbreviated. The information contained on the consolidated financial statements and footnotes in Associated Banc-Corp's 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K should be referred to in connection with the reading of these unaudited interim financial statements.

Note 1 Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of the Corporation and Parent Company for the periods presented, and all such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Within the tables presented, certain columns and rows may not sum due to the use of rounded numbers for disclosure purposes.

Note 2 Acquisitions and Dispositions

Acquisitions:

First Staunton Acquisition

On February 14, 2020, the Corporation completed its acquisition of First Staunton. The purchase price was based on an assumed 4% deposit premium at announcement. The conversion of the branches was completed simultaneously with the close of the transaction, expanding the Bank's presence into 9 new Metro-East St. Louis communities. As a result of the acquisition and other consolidations, a net of 7 branch locations were added.

The First Staunton acquisition constituted a business combination. The acquisition has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and, accordingly, assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and consideration exchanged were recorded at estimated fair value on the acquisition date. The determination of estimated fair values required management to make certain estimates that are subjective in nature and may require adjustments upon the availability of new information regarding facts and circumstances which existed at the date of acquisition (i.e., appraisals) for up to a year following the acquisition. The Corporation continues to review information relating to events or circumstances existing at the acquisition date. Management anticipates that this review could result in adjustments to the acquisition date valuation amounts presented herein but does not anticipate that these adjustments will be material.

The Corporation recorded approximately $15 million in goodwill related to the First Staunton acquisition during the first quarter of 2020, however the Corporation subsequently reduced goodwill by $2 million during the second quarter of 2020. Upon review of information relating to events and circumstances existing at the acquisition date, and in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Corporation remeasured select previously reported fair value amounts. The adjustment to goodwill was driven by an update that increased the fair value of MSRs acquired. Goodwill created by the acquisition is not tax deductible. See Note 8 for additional information on goodwill, as well as the carrying amount and amortization of CDI assets related to the First Staunton acquisition.

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The following table presents the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date related to the First Staunton acquisition:


($ in Thousands)	Purchase Accounting Adjustments		February 14, 2020
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	44,782
Investment securities available for sale	(24)		98,743
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stocks, at cost	—		781
Loans	(4,808)		369,741
Premises and equipment, net	(3,005)		4,865
Bank owned life insurance	9		6,770
Goodwill			13,414
Core deposit intangibles (included in other intangible assets, net on the face of the consolidated balance sheets)	7,379		7,379
OREO (included in other assets on the face of the consolidated balance sheets)	670		762
Other assets	4,193		9,090
Total assets			$	556,328
Liabilities
Deposits	$	1,285	$	438,684
Other borrowings	61		34,613
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	179		6,730
Total liabilities			$	480,028
Total consideration paid			$	76,300

For a description of methods used to determine the fair value of significant assets and liabilities presented on the balance sheet above, see Assumptions section of this Note.

The Corporation has purchased loans with the First Staunton acquisition, for which there was, at acquisition, evidence of more than insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination. The carrying amount of those loans is as follows:


($ in Thousands)	February 14, 2020
Purchase price of loans at acquisition	$	77,221
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition	3,504
Non-credit discount/(premium) at acquisition	(951)
Par value of acquired loans at acquisition	$	79,774

There were no PCD securities.

Huntington Wisconsin Branch Acquisition

On June 14, 2019, the Corporation completed its acquisition of the Wisconsin branches of Huntington. The Corporation paid a 4% premium on acquired deposits. The conversion of the branches happened simultaneously with the close of the transaction and the acquisition expanded the Bank's presence into 13 new Wisconsin communities. As a result of the acquisition and other consolidations, a net of 14 branch locations were added.

The Huntington branch acquisition constituted a business combination. The acquisition has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and, accordingly, assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and consideration exchanged were recorded at estimated fair value on the acquisition date. The determination of estimated fair values required management to make certain estimates that are subjective in nature and may require adjustments upon the availability of new information regarding facts and circumstances which existed at the date of acquisition (i.e., appraisals) for up to a year following the acquisition.

The Corporation recorded approximately $7 million in goodwill related to the Huntington branch acquisition during the second quarter of 2019 and approximately $210,000 during the third quarter of 2019. Upon review of information relating to events and circumstances existing at the acquisition date, and in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Corporation remeasured select previously reported fair value amounts. The adjustment to goodwill was driven by an update that decreased the fair value of furniture acquired. Goodwill created by the acquisition is tax deductible. See Note 8 for additional information on goodwill.

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The following table presents the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date related to Huntington branch acquisition:


($ in Thousands)	Purchase Accounting Adjustments		June 14, 2019
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	551,250


Loans	(1,552)		116,346
Premises and equipment, net	4,800		22,430

Goodwill			7,286
Core deposit intangibles (included in other intangible assets, net on the face of the consolidated balance sheets)	22,630		22,630
OREO (included in other assets on the face of the consolidated balance sheets)	(2,561)		5,263
Other assets	—		559
Total assets			$	725,764
Liabilities
Deposits	$	156	$	725,173

Other liabilities	70		590
Total liabilities			$	725,764

Assumptions

Investment Securities: The fair value of investments on the date of acquisition was determined utilizing an external third party broker opinion of the market value.

Loans: Fair values for loans were based on a discounted cash flow methodology that considered factors including the type of loan and related collateral, classification status, fixed or variable interest rate, term of loan, amortization status and current discount rates. For the non-credit (interest and liquidity) premium, loans were grouped together according to similar characteristics when applying various valuation techniques. For the credit discount, loans were also grouped based on whether they had more than insignificant deterioration in credit since origination.

CDIs: This intangible asset represents the value of the relationships with deposit customers. The fair value was estimated based on a discounted cash flow methodology that gave appropriate consideration to expected customer attrition rates, net maintenance cost of the deposit base, alternative cost of funds, and the interest costs associated with customer deposits. The CDIs will be amortized on a straight-line basis over 10 years.

Time Deposits: The fair value for time deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered to the contractual interest rates on such time deposits.

FHLB Borrowings: The fair value of FHLB advances are estimated based on quoted market prices for the instrument if available, or for similar instruments if not available, or by using discounted cash flow analyses, based on current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of instruments.

Dispositions:

Completed:

Associated Benefits & Risk Consulting

On June 30, 2020, the Corporation announced that it had closed the previously announced sale of ABRC to USI. Under the terms of the agreement, the purchase price was $266 million in cash. Associated recorded a second quarter 2020 pre-tax book gain of approximately $163 million in conjunction with the sale.

Pending:

During the third quarter of 2020, the Corporation announced branch sale transactions. With the continued migration to mobile and online channels along with declining foot traffic, the Corporation has a reduced need of branches in our distribution strategy. As a result of the pending sales, the Corporation transferred the related branch real estate to OREO and wrote the value down to fair value.

On September 11, 2020, Associated Bank entered into a definitive agreement with Morton Community Bank to sell 5 branches in Peoria, IL. Under the terms of the transaction, Associated Bank expects to sell approximately $208 million in total deposits

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and no loans. Associated Bank will be receiving a 4% purchase premium on deposits transferred. The sale is expected to close in December 2020. With the sale of these branches, Associated Bank will exit the Peoria Community Market.

On September 12, 2020, Associated Bank entered into an agreement with Royal Bank to sell 2 branches in southwest Wisconsin. Under the terms of the transaction, Associated Bank expects to sell approximately $56 million in total deposits and no loans. Associated Bank will be receiving a 4% purchase premium on deposits transferred in the Prairie du Chien and Richland Center branches. This sale is expected to close in December 2020.

On September 22, 2020, Associated Bank entered into an agreement with Summit Credit Union to sell 1 branch located in Monroe, Wisconsin. Under the terms of the transaction, Associated Bank expects to sell approximately $38 million in total deposits and no loans. Associated Bank will be receiving a 4% purchase premium on deposits transferred. This sale is expected to close in the first quarter of 2021.

Note 3 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accounting and reporting policies of the Corporation conform to U.S. GAAP and to general practice within the financial services industry. A discussion of these policies can be found in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result of adopting ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) and strategic branch optimization initiatives, there have been changes to the Corporation's significant accounting policies since December 31, 2019, which are described below.

Investment Securities

Management measures expected credit losses on held to maturity securities on a collective basis by major security type. Accrued interest receivable on held to maturity securities is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. The estimate of expected credit losses considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts and is included in investment securities held to maturity, net on the consolidated balance sheets.

For available for sale securities, the Corporation evaluates whether any decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses on investments is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses on investments is recognized in other comprehensive income.

Changes in the allowance for credit losses on investments are recorded as provision for, or reversal of, credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the available for sale security is uncollectible or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Accrued interest receivable on available for sale debt securities is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The level of the allowance for loan losses represents management's estimate of an amount appropriate to provide for lifetime credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The methodology applied by the Corporation is designed to assess the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses within the Corporation's loan segmentation as well as management’s ongoing review and grading of the loan portfolio into criticized loan categories. The methodology focuses on evaluation of several factors, including but not limited to: evaluation of facts and issues related to specific loans, management's ongoing review and grading of the loan portfolio using a dual risk rating system consisting of probability of default and loss given default models, which are based on loan grades for commercial loans and credit reports for consumer loans applied based on portfolio segmentation leveraging industry breakouts in Commercial and Industrial (C&I) and property types in Commercial Real Estate (CRE) for commercial loans and loan types for consumer loans, consideration of historical credit loss and delinquency experience on each portfolio category, trends in past due and nonaccrual loans, the level of potential problem loans, the risk characteristics of the various classifications of loans, changes in the size and character of the loan portfolio, concentrations of loans to specific borrowers or industries, existing economic conditions and economic forecasts, the fair value of underlying collateral, and other qualitative and quantitative factors which could affect potential loan losses. The Corporation utilizes the Moody's Baseline economic forecast in the allowance model and applies that forecast over a reasonable and supportable period with reversion to historical losses. For additional detail on the reasonable and supportable period and reversion assumptions, see Note 7. The Company estimates the lifetime expected loss using prepayment assumptions over the

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projected lifetime cash flow of the loans. Potential problem loans are generally defined by management to include loans rated as substandard by management. Assessing these numerous factors involves significant judgment. The provision for loan losses is predominantly a function of the result of the methodology and other qualitative and quantitative factors used to determine the allowance for loan losses.

Management individually analyzes loans that do not share similar risk characteristics to other loans in the portfolio. Management has determined that commercial loan relationships that have nonaccrual status or commercial and retail loans that have had their terms restructured in a TDR meet this definition. Probable TDRs are loans the Corporation has reviewed individually to determine whether there is a high likelihood that the loans will default and will require restructuring in the near future. Probable TDRs could be classified as Pass, Special Mention, Potential Problem or Nonaccrual within the Corporation's credit quality analysis depending on the specific circumstances surrounding the individual credits. Accrued interest receivable on loans is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

The allowance for unfunded commitments leverages the same methodology utilized to measure the allowance for loan losses. The Corporation estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Corporation is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Corporation. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. See Note 7 for additional information on the ACLL and Note 12 for additional information on the allowance for unfunded commitments.

A portion of the ACLL is comprised of adjustments for qualitative factors not reflected in the quantitative model.

OREO

OREO is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets and is comprised of property acquired through a foreclosure proceeding or acceptance of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, and loans classified as in-substance foreclosure. OREO is recorded at the fair value of the underlying property collateral, less estimated selling costs. This fair value becomes the new cost basis for the foreclosed asset. The initial write-down, if any, will be recorded as a charge off against the allowance for loan losses. Any subsequent write-downs to reflect current fair value, as well as gains and losses on disposition and revenues and expenses incurred in maintaining such properties, are expensed as incurred. OREO also includes bank premises formerly but no longer used for banking, property originally acquired for future expansion but no longer intended to be used for that purpose, and property currently held for sale. Banking premises are transferred at the lower of carrying value or fair value, less estimated selling costs and any write-down is expensed as incurred.

Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)

The following table illustrates the adoption impact:


	December 31, 2019				January 1, 2020
($ in Thousands)	Allowance for Loan Losses		Allowance for Unfunded Commitments		CECL Day 1 Adjustment		ACLL Beginning Balance
Commercial and industrial	$	91,133	$	12,276	$	48,921	$	152,330
Commercial real estate - owner occupied	10,284		127		(1,851)		8,560
Commercial and business lending	101,417		12,403		47,070		160,890
Commercial real estate - investor	40,514		530		2,287		43,331
Real estate construction	24,915		7,532		25,814		58,261
Commercial real estate lending	65,428		8,062		28,101		101,591
Total Commercial	166,846		20,465		75,171		262,482
Residential mortgage	16,960		—		33,215		50,175
Home equity	10,926		1,038		14,240		26,204
Other consumer	6,639		405		8,520		15,564
Total consumer	34,525		1,443		55,975		91,943
Total loans	$	201,371	$	21,907	$	131,147	$	354,425

The allowance for credit losses on held to maturity securities was approximately $61,000 at January 1, 2020, attributable entirely to the Corporation's municipal securities.

At January 1, 2020, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 resulted in an increase to the allowance for loan losses of $112 million and an increase to the allowance for unfunded commitments of $19 million for a total increase to the ACLL of $131 million. A corresponding after tax decrease to common equity of $98 million was recorded along with a deferred tax asset of $33 million.

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New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted

Standard

Description

Date of adoption

Effect on financial statements

ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

The FASB issued an amendment to replace the current incurred loss impairment methodology. Under the new guidance, entities will be required to measure expected credit losses by utilizing forward-looking information to assess an entity's ACL. The guidance also requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. An entity must use judgment in determining the relevant information and estimation methods that are appropriate in its circumstances. This amendment was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities should apply the amendment by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. ASU 2018-19 was issued to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. ASU 2019-04 was issued and provided entities alternatives for measurement of accrued interest receivable, clarified the steps entities should take when recording the transfer of loans or debt securities between measurement classifications or categories and clarifies that entities should include expected recoveries on financial assets. ASU 2019-05 was issued to provide entities that have certain instruments within the scope of Subtopic 320-20 with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10. ASU 2020-02 was issued to further explain the measurement of current expected credit losses and the development, governance, and documentation of a systematic methodology.

1st Quarter 2020

The Corporation has adopted the Update using a modified retrospective approach. The Corporation has developed a CECL allowance model which calculates reserves over the life of the loan and is largely driven by portfolio characteristics, risk-grading, economic outlook, and key methodology assumptions. Those assumptions are based upon the existing probability of default and loss given default framework. At adoption, the Corporation utilized a single economic forecast over a 2-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. In the second year, the Corporation used straight-line reversion to historical losses. The Corporation recorded a $131 million adjustment to the ACL related to the adoption of this standard, which includes $61 thousand related to the held to maturity investment securities portfolio. The Corporation has elected to maintain pools accounted for under Subtopic 310-30 at adoption. The Corporation has elected to utilize the 2019 Capital Transition Relief for initial adoption, as well as the 2020 Capital Transition Relief as permitted under applicable regulations. The total impact at adoption equates to an approximately 29 bp net, after tax, reduction in the tangible common equity ratio. Results for the periods after January 1, 2020 are presented in accordance with ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable standards.

ASU 2018-13 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement

The FASB issued an amendment to add, modify, and remove disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on the FASB Concepts Statement "Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting," including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendment was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date.

1st Quarter 2020

The Corporation has evaluated and determined it has an immaterial impact with minor changes in presentation.

ASU 2017-04 Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment

The FASB issued an amendment to simplify the subsequent quantitative measurement of goodwill by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity will perform only step one of its quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and then recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity will still have the option to perform a qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative step one impairment test is necessary. This amendment was effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Entities should apply the amendment prospectively.

1st Quarter 2020

There has been no material impact on results of operations, financial position, and liquidity. The Corporation performs its annual impairment testing in May.

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Standard

Description

Date of adoption

Effect on financial statements

ASU 2020-03 Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments

The FASB issued an amendment to further clarify that all entities are required to provide the fair value option disclosures in paragraphs 825-10-50-24 through 50-32. The amendment also states that paragraphs 820-10-35-2A(g) and 820-10-35-18L are to include the phrase nonfinancial items accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815 to be consistent with the previous amendments to Section 820-10-35 that were made by ASU No. 2018-09, Codification Improvements. The amendment also clarifies that the disclosure requirements in Topic 320 apply to the disclosure requirements in Topic 942 for depository and lending institutions along with improving the understandability of the guidance relating to subtopic 470-50 and subtopic 820-10. Lastly, the amendment clarifies that the contractual term of a net investment in a lease determined in accordance with Topic 842 should be the contractual term used to measure expected credit losses under Topic 326 and that when an entity regains control of financial assets sold, an ACL should be recorded in accordance with Topic 326.

1st Quarter 2020

The Corporation has evaluated and determined it has an immaterial impact.

ASU 2020-04 Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting

The FASB issued an amendment to provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendment only applies to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022, except for hedging relationships existing as of December 31, 2022, that an entity has elected certain optional expedients for and that are retained through the end of the hedging relationship.

1st Quarter 2020

The Corporation has evaluated the impact of the Update and determined the expedients provided allow for simpler, more streamlined modifications to the financial instruments referencing LIBOR. A small population of loans have been modified under the new standard.

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Future Accounting Pronouncements

The expected impact of accounting pronouncements recently issued or proposed but not yet required to be adopted are displayed in the table below:

Standard

Description

Date of anticipated adoption

Effect on financial statements

ASU 2018-14
Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans

The FASB issued an amendment to modify the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The amendments also added requirements to disclose the weighted-average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates and an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period. The amendment also clarifies the disclosure requirements in paragraph 715-20-50-3, which states that certain information for defined benefit pension plans should be disclosed. The amendments in this Update remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. The amendment is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. Entities should apply the amendments in this Update on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted.

1st Quarter 2021

The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact on its results of operations, financial position, and liquidity.

ASU 2020-01 Investments-Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)

Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815

The FASB issued an amendment to clarify the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321 and investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323 and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options accounted for under Topic 815. The amendments clarify that an entity should consider observable transactions that require it to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with Topic 321 immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method. The amendments also clarify that for the purpose of applying paragraph 815-10-15-141(a) an entity should not consider whether, upon the settlement of the forward contract or exercise of the purchased option, individually or with existing investments, the underlying securities would be accounted for under the equity method in Topic 323 or the fair value option in accordance with the financial instruments guidance in Topic 825. An entity also would evaluate the remaining characteristics in paragraph 815-10-15-141 to determine the accounting for those forward contracts and purchased options.

1st Quarter 2021

The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact on its results of operations, financial position, and liquidity.

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Note 4 Earnings Per Common Share

Earnings per common share are calculated utilizing the two-class method. Basic earnings per common share are calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share are calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock awards (outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards). Presented below are the calculations for basic and diluted earnings per common share:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In Thousands, except per share data)	2020		2019			2020		2019
Net income	$	45,214	$	83,339		$	239,769	$	254,686
Preferred stock dividends	(5,207)		(3,801)			(13,152)		(11,402)
Net income available to common equity	$	40,007	$	79,539		$	226,618	$	243,285
Common shareholder dividends	(27,676)		(27,091)			(83,607)		(82,741)
Unvested share-based payment awards	(199)		(198)			(549)		(506)
Undistributed earnings	$	12,133	$	52,250		$	142,462	$	160,037
Undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders	$	12,045	$	51,870		$	141,426	$	158,970
Undistributed earnings allocated to unvested share-based payment awards	87		380			1,036		1,067
Undistributed earnings	$	12,133	$	52,250		$	142,462	$	160,037
Basic
Distributed earnings to common shareholders	$	27,676	$	27,091		$	83,607	$	82,741
Undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders	12,045		51,870			141,426		158,970
Total common shareholders earnings, basic	$	39,721	$	78,961		$	225,032	$	241,711
Diluted
Distributed earnings to common shareholders	$	27,676	$	27,091		$	83,607	$	82,741
Undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders	12,045		51,870			141,426		158,970
Total common shareholders earnings, diluted	$	39,721	$	78,961		$	225,032	$	241,711
Weighted average common shares outstanding	152,440		159,126			153,175		161,727
Effect of dilutive common stock awards	754		1,256			739		1,334

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	153,194		160,382			153,914		163,061
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.26	$	0.50		$	1.47	$	1.49
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.26	$	0.49		$	1.46	$	1.48

Non-dilutive common stock options of approximately 8 million and 3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 7 million and 3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were excluded from the earnings per common share calculation.

Note 5 Stock-Based Compensation

The fair value of stock options granted is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, while the fair value of restricted stock awards is their fair market value on the date of grant. The fair values of stock options and restricted stock awards are amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the grants. For colleagues who meet the definition of retirement eligible under the 2017 Incentive Compensation Plan and the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan, expenses related to stock options and restricted stock awards are fully recognized on the date the colleague meets the definition of normal or early retirement. Compensation expense recognized is included in personnel expense on the consolidated statements of income.

Assumptions are used in estimating the fair value of stock options granted. The weighted average expected life of the stock option represents the period of time stock options are expected to be outstanding and is estimated using historical data of stock option exercises and forfeitures. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected volatility is based on the implied volatility of the Corporation’s stock.

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The following assumptions were used in estimating the fair value for options granted in the first nine months of 2020 and full year 2019:


	2020		2019
Dividend yield	3.50	%	3.30	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.60	%	2.60	%
Weighted average expected volatility	21.00	%	24.00	%
Weighted average expected life	5.75 years		5.75 years
Weighted average per share fair value of options	$2.39		$4.00

A summary of the Corporation’s stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is presented below:


Stock Options	Shares(a)	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value(a)
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	5,543	$	20.13	6.25 years	$	16,043
Granted	1,697	18.43
Exercised	(117)	13.89
Forfeited or expired	(306)	21.48
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	6,817	$	19.75	6.47 years	$	18
Options Exercisable at September 30, 2020	4,203	$	19.21	5.07 years	$	18

(a) In thousands

Intrinsic value represents the amount by which the fair market value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the stock option. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the intrinsic value of stock options exercised was less than $1 million compared to $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The total fair value of stock options vested was $4 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

The Corporation recognized compensation expense for the vesting of stock options of $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Included in compensation expense for 2020 was approximately $2 million of expense for the accelerated vesting of stock options granted to retirement eligible colleagues. At September 30, 2020, the Corporation had approximately $4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options that is expected to be recognized over the remaining requisite service periods that extend predominately through the first quarter of 2024.

The Corporation also has issued time-based and performance-based restricted stock awards under the 2017 Incentive Compensation Plan and subsequent 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan. Performance awards are based on performance goals of earnings per share and total shareholder return with vesting ranging from a minimum of 0% to a maximum of 150% of the target award. Performance awards are valued utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate fair value of the awards at the grant date.

The following table summarizes information about the Corporation’s restricted stock awards activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:


Restricted Stock Awards	Shares(a)	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	2,393	$	22.39
Granted	1,043	18.21
Vested	(905)	22.64
Forfeited	(146)	20.65
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	2,385	$	20.56

(a) In thousands

The Corporation amortizes the expense related to restricted stock awards as compensation expense over the vesting period specified in the grant's award agreement. Performance-based restricted stock awards granted during 2019 and 2020 will vest ratably over a period of three years. Service-based restricted stock awards granted during 2019 and 2020 will vest ratably over a period of four years. Expense for restricted stock awards issued of approximately $15 million was recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and $18 million was recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Included in compensation expense for the first nine months of 2020 was approximately $6 million of expense for the accelerated vesting of restricted stock awards granted to retirement eligible colleagues. The Corporation had $18 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock awards at September 30, 2020 that are expected to be recognized over the remaining requisite service periods that extend predominately through the first quarter of 2024.

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At the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on April 28, 2020, the Corporation’s shareholders approved the Associated Banc-Corp 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan, which provides for various types of awards to the Company’s executive officers, employees, consultants and non-employee directors, including, among others, stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance units.

The Corporation has the ability to issue shares from treasury or new shares upon the exercise of stock options or the granting of restricted stock awards. The Board of Directors has authorized management to repurchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock in the market, to be made available for issuance in connection with the Corporation’s employee incentive plans and for other corporate purposes. The repurchase of shares, if any, will be based on market and investment opportunities, capital levels, growth prospects, and regulatory constraints. Such repurchases may occur from time to time in open market purchases, block transactions, private transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs, or similar facilities. On March 13, 2020, the Corporation suspended its share repurchase program and expects the program to remain suspended for the remainder of 2020.

Note 6 Investment Securities

Investment securities are classified as available for sale, held to maturity, or equity on the consolidated balance sheets at the time of purchase. The amortized cost and fair values of securities available for sale and held to maturity at September 30, 2020 were as follows:


($ in Thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value


Investment securities available for sale
U. S. Treasury securities	$	26,541	$	108	$	—	$	26,650
Agency securities	24,983		50		—		25,033
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	450,174		24,521		—		474,695
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	1,267,003		9,554		(94)		1,276,463
GNMA	399,490		7,823		—		407,313

Commercial mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	19,724		2,153		—		21,877
GNMA	670,573		17,805		—		688,378
Asset backed securities
FFELP	332,398		—		(6,556)		325,843
SBA	9,159		—		(48)		9,111

Other debt securities	3,000		—		(3)		2,997
Total investment securities available for sale	$	3,203,046	$	62,015	$	(6,701)	$	3,258,360
Investment securities held to maturity
U. S. Treasury securities	$	999	$	31	$	—	$	1,030
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	1,444,325		115,343		(368)		1,559,300
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	63,142		3,147		—		66,289
GNMA	159,455		5,217		—		164,672
Commercial mortgage-related securities
FNMA/FHLMC	11,220		—		—		11,220
GNMA	311,798		10,142		—		321,941
Total investment securities held to maturity	$	1,990,940	$	133,880	$	(368)	$	2,124,452

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The amortized cost and fair values of securities available for sale and held to maturity at December 31, 2019 were as follows:


($ in Thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value


Investment securities available for sale

Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	$	529,908	$	16,269	$	(18)	$	546,160
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	131,158		1,562		(59)		132,660
GNMA	982,941		3,887		(1,689)		985,139

Commercial mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	19,929		1,799		—		21,728
GNMA	1,314,836		7,403		(12,032)		1,310,207
FFELP asset backed securities	270,178		—		(6,485)		263,693

Other debt securities	3,000		—		—		3,000
Total investment securities available for sale	$	3,251,950	$	30,920	$	(20,284)	$	3,262,586
Investment securities held to maturity
U. S. Treasury securities	$	999	$	19	$	—	$	1,018
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	1,418,569		69,775		(1,118)		1,487,227
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	81,676		1,759		(15)		83,420
GNMA	269,523		1,882		(1,108)		270,296
GNMA commercial mortgage-related securities	434,317		6,308		(6,122)		434,503
Total investment securities held to maturity	$	2,205,083	$	79,744	$	(8,363)	$	2,276,465

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The expected maturities of investment securities available for sale and held to maturity at September 30, 2020 are shown below:


	Available for Sale					Held to Maturity
($ in Thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value			Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	8,343	$	8,350		$	28,957	$	29,140
Due after one year through five years	82,198		82,964			63,630		65,751
Due after five years through ten years	344,172		362,247			161,769		170,223
Due after ten years	69,987		75,815			1,190,968		1,295,217
Total debt securities	504,699		529,375			1,445,325		1,560,331
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	1,267,003		1,276,463			63,142		66,289
GNMA	399,490		407,313			159,455		164,672

Commercial mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	19,724		21,877			11,220		11,220
GNMA	670,573		688,378			311,798		321,941
Asset backed securities
FFELP	332,398		325,843			—		—
SBA	9,159		9,111			—		—

Total investment securities	$	3,203,046	$	3,258,360		$	1,990,940	$	2,124,452
Ratio of fair value to amortized cost			101.7		%			106.7		%

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On a quarterly basis, the Corporation refreshes the credit quality of each held to maturity security. The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators of held to maturity securities at amortized cost at September 30, 2020:


($ in Thousands)	AAA		AA		A		Total
U. S. Treasury securities	$	999	$	—	$	—	$	999
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	567,468		860,465		16,393		1,444,325
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA/FHLMC	63,142		—		—		63,142
GNMA	159,455		—		—		159,455
Commercial mortgage-related securities
FNMA/FHLMC	11,220		—		—		11,220
GNMA	311,798		—		—		311,798
Total held to maturity securities	$	1,114,082	$	860,465	$	16,393	$	1,990,940

Investment securities gains (losses), net includes proceeds from the sale of investment securities as well as any applicable write-ups or write-downs of investment securities. The proceeds from the sale of investment securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are shown below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Gross gains on available for sale securities	$	7	$	4,013	$	9,312	$	6,347
Gross gains on held to maturity securities	—		—		—		—
Total gains	7		4,013		9,312		6,347
Gross (losses) on available for sale securities	—		(225)		(90)		(13,861)
Gross (losses) on held to maturity securities	—		—		—		—
Total (losses)	—		(225)		(90)		(13,861)
Write-up of equity securities without readily determinable fair values	—		—		—		13,444
Investment securities gains (losses), net	$	7	$	3,788	$	9,222	$	5,931
Proceeds from sales of investment securities	$	8	$	433,222	$	626,283	$	1,367,450

During the second quarter of 2020, the Corporation sold $261 million of less liquid securities at a gain of $3 million, reinvesting the proceeds into more liquid securities in order to further improve portfolio liquidity. During the first quarter of 2020, the Corporation sold $281 million of primarily prepayment sensitive mortgage-related securities at a gain of $6 million. Additionally, in February 2020, the Corporation sold $84 million of certain securities acquired in the First Staunton acquisition that did not fit the parameters of the Corporation's current investment strategy.

During the first nine months of 2019, the Corporation made a one-time election to transfer municipal securities with an amortized cost of $692 million from held to maturity to available for sale, as permitted by the adoption of ASU 2019-04. The Corporation sold $1.2 billion of taxable floating rate ABS and shorter duration MBS, and CMO Agency securities, with the proceeds utilized to pay down borrowings and to reinvest into higher yielding Agency related mortgage securities with slightly longer durations, repositioning the portfolio for a stable to declining rate environment. The Corporation also donated 42,039 shares of Visa Class B restricted shares to the Corporation's Charitable Remainder Trust during the second quarter of 2019, and the subsequent sale of those shares by the Trust resulted in an observable market price. As a result, the Corporation wrote up its remaining 77,000 Visa Class B restricted shares to fair value. Based on the existing transfer restriction and the uncertainty of covered litigation, the shares were previously carried at a zero cost basis.

Investment securities with a carrying value of approximately $1.8 billion and $2.6 billion at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, were pledged to secure certain deposits or for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

Accrued interest receivable on held to maturity securities totaled $13 million and $16 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on available for sale securities totaled $9 million and $10 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on both held to maturity and available for sale securities is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets. There was no interest income reversed for investments going into nonaccrual at September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

A security is considered past due once it is 30 days past due under the terms of the agreement. At September 30, 2020, the Corporation had no past due held to maturity securities.

The allowance for credit losses on held to maturity securities was approximately $70,000 at September 30, 2020, attributable entirely to the Corporation's municipal securities, included in investment securities held to maturity, net, at amortized cost on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation also holds U.S. Treasury and residential mortgage-related securities issued by

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the U.S. government or a GSE which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and, as a result, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded related to these securities.

The following represents gross unrealized losses and the related fair value of investment securities available for sale and held to maturity, aggregated by investment category and length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at September 30, 2020:


	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
($ in Thousands)	Number of Securities	Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value		Number of Securities	Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value		Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value
Investment securities available for sale



Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	5	$	(94)	$	77,157	—	$	—	$	—	$	(94)	$	77,157
GNMA	1	—		424		—	—		—		—		424


Asset backed securities
FFELP	5	(837)		93,134		20	(5,719)		232,709		(6,556)		325,843
SBA	15	(48)		8,953		—	—		—		(48)		8,953
Other debt securities	3	(3)		2,997		—	—		—		(3)		2,997

Total	29	$	(982)	$	182,665	20	$	(5,719)	$	232,709	$	(6,701)	$	415,374
Investment securities held to maturity
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	10	$	(368)	$	25,895	—	$	—	$	—	$	(368)	$	25,895




Total	10	$	(368)	$	25,895	—	$	—	$	—	$	(368)	$	25,895

For comparative purposes, the following represents gross unrealized losses and the related fair value of investment securities available for sale and held to maturity, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2019:


	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
($ in Thousands)	Number of Securities	Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value		Number of Securities	Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value		Unrealized (Losses)		Fair Value
Investment securities available for sale

Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	4	$	(18)	$	1,225	—	$	—	$	—	$	(18)	$	1,225
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	—	—		—		4	(59)		34,807		(59)		34,807
GNMA	18	(924)		322,394		3	(766)		79,461		(1,689)		401,856

GNMA commercial mortgage-related securities	22	(810)		258,218		42	(11,222)		621,307		(12,032)		879,524
FFELP asset backed securities	19	(6,092)		250,780		2	(393)		12,913		(6,485)		263,693
Other debt securities	2	—		2,000		—	—		—		—		2,000

Total	65	$	(7,843)	$	834,616	51	$	(12,440)	$	748,487	$	(20,284)	$	1,583,104
Investment securities held to maturity
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	52	$	(1,105)	$	77,562	6	$	(13)	$	2,378	$	(1,118)	$	79,940
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	1	(6)		1,242		1	(9)		833		(15)		2,075
GNMA	12	(1,059)		187,261		8	(49)		6,587		(1,108)		193,849
GNMA commercial mortgage-related securities	2	(29)		26,202		21	(6,093)		357,733		(6,122)		383,935
Total	67	$	(2,199)	$	292,267	36	$	(6,164)	$	367,532	$	(8,363)	$	659,799

The Corporation reviews the available for sale investment securities portfolio on a quarterly basis to monitor its credit exposure. A determination as to whether a security’s decline in fair value is the result of credit risk takes into consideration numerous factors and the relative significance of any single factor can vary by security. Some factors the Corporation may consider in the impairment analysis include the extent to which the security has been in an unrealized loss position, the change in security rating, financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, as well as the security and industry specific economic conditions.

Based on the Corporation’s evaluation, management does not believe any available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2020 represent credit deterioration as these unrealized losses are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and the current market conditions. The fair value of municipal securities, which pertains to various state and local

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political subdivisions and school districts, has increased due to the decrease in overall interest rates, resulting in lower unrealized losses at September 30, 2020. The U.S. Treasury 3 year and 5 year rates decreased by 146 bp and 141 bp, respectively, from December 31, 2019. The Corporation does not intend to sell nor does it believe that it will be required to sell the securities in an unrealized loss position before recovery of their amortized cost basis.

FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks: The Corporation is required to maintain Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock as a member of both the Federal Reserve System and the FHLB, and in amounts as required by these institutions. These equity securities are “restricted” in that they can only be sold back to the respective institutions or another member institution at par. Therefore, they are less liquid than other marketable equity securities and their fair value is equal to amortized cost. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Corporation had FHLB stock of $82 million and $149 million, respectively. The Corporation had Federal Reserve Bank stock of $87 million and $78 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on FHLB stock totaled $1 million and $2 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. There was approximately $149,000 of accrued interest receivable on Federal Reserve Bank stock at September 30, 2020 and none at December 31, 2019. Accrued interest receivable on both FHLB stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.

Equity Securities

Equity securities with readily determinable fair values: The Corporation's portfolio of equity securities with readily determinable fair values is primarily comprised of CRA Qualified Investment mutual funds. At both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Corporation had equity securities with readily determinable fair values of $2 million.

Equity securities without readily determinable fair values: The Corporation's portfolio of equity securities without readily determinable fair values consists of 77,996 Visa Class B restricted shares, 77,000 of which the Corporation received in 2008 as part of Visa's initial public offering and carried at fair value after the Corporation donated 42,039 Visa Class B restricted shares to the Corporation's Charitable Remainder Trust during the second quarter of 2019, with the subsequent sale of those shares resulting in an observable market price after the shares were previously carried at a zero cost basis. During the first quarter of 2020, the Corporation also acquired 996 Visa Class B restricted shares from the acquisition of First Staunton, and those shares are carried at a zero cost basis due to the lack of an observable market price since the time of acquisition. The Corporation had equity securities without readily determinable fair values of $13 million at both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Note 7 Loans

The period end loan composition was as follows:


($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
PPP	$	1,022,217	$	—
Commercial and industrial	7,933,404		7,354,594
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	904,997		911,265
Commercial and business lending	9,860,618		8,265,858
Commercial real estate — investor	4,320,926		3,794,517
Real estate construction	1,859,609		1,420,900
Commercial real estate lending	6,180,536		5,215,417
Total commercial	16,041,154		13,481,275
Residential mortgage	7,885,523		8,136,980
Home equity	761,593		852,025
Other consumer	315,483		351,159
Total consumer	8,962,599		9,340,164
Total loans	$	25,003,753	$	22,821,440

Accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $67 million at September 30, 2020, and $63 million at December 31, 2019 and is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets. Interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. The amount of accrued interest reversed totaled $1 million and $2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

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The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator by vintage year at September 30, 2020:


					Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in Thousands)	Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)		Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis		YTD 2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Total
PPP:(b)
Risk rating:
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	995,646	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	995,646
Special Mention	—		—		7,409		—		—		—		—		—		7,409
Potential Problem	—		—		19,161		—		—		—		—		—		19,161

PPP	$	—	$	—	$	1,022,217	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,022,217
Commercial and industrial:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	4,904	$	2,031,744	$	1,102,032	$	1,581,019	$	1,430,036	$	545,931	$	326,862	$	518,950	$	7,536,572
Special Mention	—		9,424		13,594		61,594		48,357		22		13,783		—		146,774
Potential Problem(c)	3,089		10,580		21,483		18,101		81,580		2,369		8,031		2,015		144,159
Nonaccrual(d)	568		200		1,571		6,761		15,728		44,933		29,193		7,513		105,899
Commercial and industrial	$	8,562	$	2,051,948	$	1,138,680	$	1,667,475	$	1,575,701	$	593,255	$	377,868	$	528,478	$	7,933,404
Commercial real estate - owner occupied:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	1,150	$	18,912	$	120,161	$	236,928	$	137,669	$	106,305	$	155,023	$	90,750	$	865,748
Special Mention	—		—		2,420		2,410		1,106		556		2,671		5,236		14,398
Potential Problem	—		2,593		678		7,804		1,354		1,135		5,127		4,117		22,808
Nonaccrual	—		—		168		—		371		326		—		1,177		2,043
Commercial real estate - owner occupied	$	1,150	$	21,505	$	123,426	$	247,142	$	140,499	$	108,323	$	162,821	$	101,280	$	904,997
Commercial and business lending:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	6,054	$	2,050,656	$	2,217,839	$	1,817,947	$	1,567,704	$	652,236	$	481,885	$	609,700	$	9,397,966
Special Mention	—		9,424		23,423		64,004		49,462		578		16,454		5,236		168,582
Potential Problem(c)	3,089		13,173		41,323		25,905		82,934		3,504		13,158		6,132		186,129
Nonaccrual(d)	568		200		1,739		6,761		16,099		45,259		29,193		8,690		107,941
Commercial and business lending	$	9,712	$	2,073,453	$	2,284,323	$	1,914,617	$	1,716,200	$	701,578	$	540,690	$	629,759	$	9,860,618
Commercial real estate - investor:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	84	$	189,623	$	1,082,792	$	1,030,772	$	781,592	$	321,341	$	350,582	$	245,290	$	4,001,992
Special Mention	—		—		57,701		53,145		12,408		13,439		29,818		1,506		168,018
Potential Problem	—		854		16,032		18,026		11,424		14,733		265		39,124		100,459
Nonaccrual	19,964		—		1,018		48,691		446		—		—		304		50,458
Commercial real estate - investor	$	20,049	$	190,477	$	1,157,543	$	1,150,634	$	805,870	$	349,513	$	380,665	$	286,224	$	4,320,926
Real estate construction:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	1,151	$	45,347	$	545,859	$	772,861	$	376,567	$	69,025	$	2,588	$	19,928	$	1,832,176
Special Mention	—		—		411		—		24,437		—		—		16		24,863
Potential Problem	—		—		127		—		355		1,557		95		45		2,178
Nonaccrual	—		—		12		—		—		—		—		380		392
Real estate construction	$	1,151	$	45,347	$	546,409	$	772,861	$	401,358	$	70,582	$	2,683	$	20,369	$	1,859,609
Commercial real estate lending:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	1,236	$	234,970	$	1,628,651	$	1,803,633	$	1,158,158	$	390,366	$	353,170	$	265,219	$	5,834,167
Special Mention	—		—		58,112		53,145		36,845		13,439		29,818		1,522		192,881
Potential Problem	—		854		16,159		18,026		11,779		16,289		360		39,169		102,637
Nonaccrual	19,964		—		1,030		48,691		446		—		—		684		50,850
Commercial real estate lending	$	21,200	$	235,823	$	1,703,952	$	1,923,495	$	1,207,229	$	420,095	$	383,348	$	306,593	$	6,180,536

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					Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in Thousands)	Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)		Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis		YTD 2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Total
Total commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	7,290	$	2,285,626	$	3,846,490	$	3,621,580	$	2,725,863	$	1,042,603	$	835,055	$	874,918	$	15,232,134
Special Mention	—		9,424		81,534		117,150		86,307		14,017		46,272		6,758		361,463
Potential Problem	3,089		14,027		57,482		43,931		94,713		19,793		13,518		45,301		288,766
Nonaccrual	20,533		200		2,769		55,451		16,546		45,259		29,193		9,374		158,792
Total commercial	$	30,912	$	2,309,277	$	3,988,275	$	3,838,112	$	2,923,428	$	1,121,672	$	924,038	$	936,352	$	16,041,154
Residential mortgage:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	1,585,703	$	1,608,973	$	685,384	$	1,119,248	$	1,025,378	$	1,794,997	$	7,819,683
Special Mention	—		—		684		—		37		—		—		392		1,113
Potential Problem	—		—		695		663		137		—		206		694		2,396
Nonaccrual	—		—		2,292		3,282		5,624		8,243		10,334		32,557		62,331
Residential mortgage	$	—	$	—	$	1,589,374	$	1,612,918	$	691,182	$	1,127,490	$	1,035,918	$	1,828,640	$	7,885,523
Home equity:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	10,470	$	610,660	$	2,041	$	14,679	$	18,022	$	13,415	$	6,700	$	83,761	$	749,277
Special Mention	107		39		—		—		—		—		—		369		408
Potential Problem	—		1,632		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,632
Nonaccrual	972		606		421		361		523		353		230		7,782		10,277
Home equity	$	11,549	$	612,936	$	2,462	$	15,040	$	18,545	$	13,768	$	6,930	$	91,912	$	761,593
Other consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	27	$	164,453	$	7,298	$	11,505	$	4,438	$	2,259	$	1,475	$	123,487	$	314,916
Special Mention	5		369		—		—		—		—		3		5		377

Nonaccrual	2		23		1		63		5		6		74		19		190
Other consumer	$	34	$	164,845	$	7,298	$	11,568	$	4,443	$	2,265	$	1,551	$	123,511	$	315,483
Total consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	10,497	$	775,112	$	1,595,042	$	1,635,157	$	707,843	$	1,134,922	$	1,033,553	$	2,002,246	$	8,883,875
Special Mention	112		408		684		—		37		—		3		766		1,898
Potential Problem	—		1,632		695		663		137		—		206		694		4,028
Nonaccrual	974		629		2,713		3,706		6,153		8,602		10,638		40,357		72,798
Total consumer	$	11,583	$	777,781	$	1,599,134	$	1,639,527	$	714,171	$	1,143,524	$	1,044,399	$	2,044,063	$	8,962,599
Total loans:
Risk rating:
Pass	$	17,787	$	3,060,738	$	5,441,532	$	5,256,737	$	3,433,706	$	2,177,524	$	1,868,608	$	2,877,164	$	24,116,009
Special Mention	112		9,832		82,219		117,150		86,344		14,017		46,275		7,524		363,361
Potential Problem	3,089		15,659		58,177		44,595		94,850		19,793		13,724		45,996		292,794
Nonaccrual	21,507		829		5,482		59,157		22,698		53,861		39,830		49,731		231,590
Total loans	$	42,495	$	3,087,058	$	5,587,409	$	5,477,639	$	3,637,599	$	2,265,196	$	1,968,437	$	2,980,415	$	25,003,753

(a) Revolving loans converted to term loans are also reported in their year of origination

(b) The Corporation’s policy is to assign risk ratings at the borrower level. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA and therefore the Corporation considers these loans to have a risk profile similar to pass rated loans.

(d) Includes $8 million of oil and gas related loans

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The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2019:


($ in Thousands)	Pass		Special Mention		Potential Problem		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial and industrial	$	7,118,448	$	79,525	$	110,308	$	46,312	$	7,354,594
Commercial real estate - owner occupied	866,193		25,115		19,889		67		911,265
Commercial and business lending	7,984,641		104,641		130,197		46,380		8,265,858
Commercial real estate - investor	3,620,785		139,873		29,449		4,409		3,794,517
Real estate construction	1,420,374		33		—		493		1,420,900
Commercial real estate lending	5,041,159		139,906		29,449		4,902		5,215,417
Total commercial	13,025,800		244,547		159,646		51,282		13,481,275
Residential mortgage	8,077,122		563		1,451		57,844		8,136,980
Home equity	841,757		1,164		—		9,104		852,025
Other consumer	350,260		748		—		152		351,159
Total consumer	9,269,139		2,475		1,451		67,099		9,340,164
Total loans	$	22,294,939	$	247,022	$	161,097	$	118,380	$	22,821,440

Factors that are important to managing overall credit quality are sound loan underwriting and administration, systematic monitoring of existing loans and commitments, effective loan review on an ongoing basis, early identification of potential problems, and appropriate allowance for loan losses, allowance for unfunded commitments, nonaccrual, and charge off policies.

For commercial loans, management has determined the pass credit quality indicator to include credits exhibiting acceptable financial statements, cash flow, and leverage. If any risk exists, it is mitigated by the loan structure, collateral, monitoring, or control. For consumer loans, performing loans include credits performing in accordance with the original contractual terms. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Special mention credits have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit. Potential problem loans are considered inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged. These loans generally have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which may jeopardize liquidation of the debt, and are characterized by the distinct possibility the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Management has determined commercial loan relationships in nonaccrual status, and commercial and consumer loan relationships with their terms restructured in a TDR, meet the criteria to be individually evaluated. Commercial loans classified as special mention, potential problem, and nonaccrual are reviewed at a minimum on a quarterly basis, while pass and performing rated credits are generally reviewed on an annual basis or more frequently if the loan renewal is less than one year or if otherwise warranted.

The following table presents loans by past due status at September 30, 2020:


	Accruing
($ in Thousands)	Current(a)		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Nonaccrual(b)(c)		Total
PPP	$	1,022,217	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,022,217
Commercial and industrial	7,826,445		115		183		763		105,899		7,933,404
Commercial real estate - owner occupied	902,085		870		—		—		2,043		904,997
Commercial and business lending	9,750,747		984		183		763		107,941		9,860,618
Commercial real estate - investor	4,270,059		409		—		—		50,458		4,320,926
Real estate construction	1,859,106		95		16		—		392		1,859,609
Commercial real estate lending	6,129,165		504		16		—		50,850		6,180,536
Total commercial	15,879,912		1,488		199		763		158,792		16,041,154
Residential mortgage	7,816,986		5,793		392		22		62,331		7,885,523
Home equity	745,563		5,201		408		145		10,277		761,593
Other consumer	313,017		949		402		925		190		315,483
Total consumer	8,875,566		11,943		1,201		1,091		72,798		8,962,599
Total loans	$	24,755,478	$	13,431	$	1,400	$	1,854	$	231,590	$	25,003,753

(a) Any deferred loans related to COVID-19 are considered current in accordance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act.

(b) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $186 million, or 80%, were current with respect to payment at September 30, 2020.

(c) No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. In addition, there were $40 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ACLL at September 30, 2020.

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The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2019:


	Accruing
($ in Thousands)	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Nonaccrual(a)		Total
Commercial and industrial	$	7,307,118	$	576	$	245	$	342	$	46,312	$	7,354,594
Commercial real estate - owner occupied	909,828		1,369		—		—		67		911,265
Commercial and business lending	8,216,947		1,945		245		342		46,380		8,265,858
Commercial real estate - investor	3,788,296		1,812		—		—		4,409		3,794,517
Real estate construction	1,420,310		64		33		—		493		1,420,900
Commercial real estate lending	5,208,606		1,876		33		—		4,902		5,215,417
Total commercial	13,425,552		3,821		278		342		51,282		13,481,275
Residential mortgage	8,069,863		8,749		525		—		57,844		8,136,980
Home equity	837,274		4,483		1,164		—		9,104		852,025
Other consumer	347,007		1,135		949		1,917		152		351,159
Total consumer	9,254,144		14,366		2,638		1,917		67,099		9,340,164
Total loans	$	22,679,696	$	18,188	$	2,916	$	2,259	$	118,380	$	22,821,440

(a) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $48 million, or 41%, were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2019.

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The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated under ASC Topic 310, excluding $2 million of purchased credit-impaired loans, at December 31, 2019:


($ in Thousands)	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Loans with a related allowance
Commercial and industrial	$	47,249	$	63,346	$	12,010	$	45,290	$	1,832
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	1,676		1,682		19		1,774		88
Commercial and business lending	48,924		65,028		12,029		47,064		1,919
Commercial real estate — investor	928		2,104		15		950		15
Real estate construction	477		559		67		494		30
Commercial real estate lending	1,405		2,663		82		1,445		45
Total commercial	50,329		67,691		12,111		48,509		1,965
Residential mortgage	21,450		22,625		2,740		23,721		856
Home equity	3,076		3,468		1,190		3,756		191
Other consumer	1,247		1,249		125		1,250		1
Total consumer	25,773		27,342		4,055		28,726		1,047
Total loans with a related allowance	$	76,102	$	95,033	$	16,165	$	77,235	$	3,012
Loans with no related allowance
Commercial and industrial	$	14,787	$	33,438	$	—	$	20,502	$	63
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	—		—		—		—		—
Commercial and business lending	14,787		33,438		—		20,502		63
Commercial real estate — investor	3,705		3,705		—		3,980		159
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate lending	3,705		3,705		—		3,980		159
Total commercial	18,491		37,142		—		24,482		222
Residential mortgage	14,104		14,461		—		10,962		373
Home equity	1,346		1,383		—		1,017		21
Other consumer	—		—		—		—		—
Total consumer	15,450		15,845		—		11,979		394
Total loans with no related allowance	$	33,941	$	52,987	$	—	$	36,462	$	616
Total
Commercial and industrial	$	62,035	$	96,784	$	12,010	$	65,792	$	1,895
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	1,676		1,682		19		1,774		88
Commercial and business lending	63,711		98,466		12,029		67,566		1,982
Commercial real estate — investor	4,633		5,808		15		4,931		174
Real estate construction	477		559		67		494		30
Commercial real estate lending	5,110		6,367		82		5,425		204
Total commercial	68,820		104,833		12,111		72,991		2,186
Residential mortgage	35,554		37,087		2,740		34,683		1,229
Home equity	4,422		4,851		1,190		4,773		211
Other consumer	1,247		1,249		125		1,250		1
Total consumer	41,223		43,187		4,055		40,706		1,441
Total loans(a)	$	110,043	$	148,020	$	16,165	$	113,697	$	3,628

(a) The net recorded investment (defined as recorded investment, net of the related allowance) of the impaired loans represented 63% of the unpaid principal balance at December 31, 2019.

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Troubled Debt Restructurings

Loans are considered restructured loans if concessions have been granted to borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty.

The following table presents nonaccrual and performing restructured loans by loan portfolio:


	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Performing Restructured Loans		Nonaccrual Restructured Loans(a)		Performing Restructured Loans		Nonaccrual Restructured Loans(a)

Commercial and industrial	$	16,002	$	7,827	$	16,678	$	7,376
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	1,389		168		1,676		—
Commercial real estate — investor	635		—		293		—
Real estate construction	382		98		298		179
Residential mortgage	5,378		14,535		3,955		13,035
Home equity	1,889		1,216		1,896		1,904
Other consumer	1,218		—		1,246		1
Total restructured loans(b)	$	26,891	$	23,844	$	26,041	$	22,494

(a) Nonaccrual restructured loans have been included within nonaccrual loans.

(b) Does not include any restructured loans related to COVID-19 in accordance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act.

The Corporation had a recorded investment of $9 million in loans modified in a TDR during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, of which $3 million were in accrual status and $6 million were in nonaccrual pending a sustained period of repayment. Short-term loan modifications made in good faith to help ease the adverse effects of COVID-19 are not categorized as TDRs in accordance with regulatory guidance. The following table provides the number of loans modified in a TDR by loan portfolio, the recorded investment, and unpaid principal balance for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020					Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Number of Loans	Recorded Investment(a)		Unpaid Principal Balance(b)		Number of Loans	Recorded Investment(a)		Unpaid Principal Balance(b)

Commercial and industrial	3	$	1,250	$	1,324	1	$	185	$	185
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	2	453		751		—	—		—
Commercial real estate — investor	1	530		530		—	—		—
Real estate construction	1	102		102		—	—		—
Residential mortgage	32	5,789		5,870		47	6,785		6,863
Home equity	18	676		702		18	520		520
Other consumer	—	—		—		1	9		9
Total loans modified	57	$	8,800	$	9,280	67	$	7,500	$	7,577

(a) Represents post-modification outstanding recorded investment.

(b) Represents pre-modification outstanding recorded investment.

Restructured loan modifications may include payment schedule modifications, interest rate concessions, maturity date extensions, modification of note structure (A/B Note), non-reaffirmed Chapter 7 bankruptcies, principal reduction, or some combination of these concessions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, restructured loan modifications of commercial loans primarily included maturity date extensions and payment schedule modifications. Restructured loan modifications of consumer loans primarily included maturity date extensions, interest rate concessions, non-reaffirmed Chapter 7 bankruptcies, or a combination of these concessions for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

The following table provides the number of loans modified in a TDR during the previous twelve months which subsequently defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 and the recorded investment in these restructured loans as of September 30, 2020 and 2019:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Number of Loans	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Recorded Investment



Commercial real estate — investor	—	$	—	1	$	461

Residential mortgage	5	1,036		27	4,528
Home equity	4	208		19	538

Total loans modified	9	$	1,244	47	$	5,526

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All loans modified in a TDR are evaluated for impairment. The nature and extent of the impairment of restructured loans, including those which have experienced a subsequent payment default, are considered in the determination of an appropriate level of the ACLL.

The Corporation analyzes loans for classification as a probable TDR. This analysis includes identifying customers that are showing possible liquidity issues in the near term without reasonable access to alternative sources of capital. At adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, the Corporation had $114 million in loans meeting this classification compared to $73 million at September 30, 2020. Of the loans classified as probable TDRs at September 30, 2020, all of them are within the oil and gas portfolio.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The ACLL is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments. The level of the ACLL represents management’s estimate of an amount appropriate to provide for expected lifetime credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The expected lifetime credit losses are the product of multiplying the Corporation's estimates of probability of default, loss given default, and the individual loan level exposure at default on an undiscounted basis. A main factor in the determination of the ACLL is the economic forecast. The Corporation utilized the Moody's baseline forecast, updated during September 2020, in the allowance model. The forecast is applied over a 1 year reasonable and supportable period with immediate reversion to historical losses. The Corporation changed the reversion assumptions during the first quarter of 2020 from straight-line over 1 year to immediate reversion due to the uncertainty within the economic forecasts due to COVID-19. The allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded credit facilities (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit). See Note 12 for additional information on the change in the allowance for unfunded commitments.

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The following table presents a summary of the changes in the ACLL by portfolio segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:


($ in Thousands)	Dec. 31, 2019		Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)		Jan. 1, 2020		Charge offs		Recoveries		Net Charge offs		Gross up of allowance for PCD loans at acquisition		Provision recorded at acquisition		Provision for loan losses		Sept. 30, 2020		ACLL / Loans
Allowance for loan losses
PPP	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	968	$	968
Commercial and industrial	91,133		52,919		144,052		(70,011)		5,210		(64,802)		293		408		87,840		167,793
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	10,284		(1,851)		8,433		(419)		4		(415)		890		255		2,027		11,190
Commercial and business lending	101,417		51,068		152,485		(70,430)		5,213		(65,216)		1,183		663		90,836		179,951
Commercial real estate — investor	40,514		2,041		42,555		(4,224)		643		(3,581)		753		472		50,004		90,201
Real estate construction	24,915		7,467		32,382		(42)		30		(12)		435		492		3,823		37,119
Commercial real estate lending	65,429		9,508		74,937		(4,266)		673		(3,593)		1,188		964		53,827		127,321
Total commercial	166,846		60,576		227,422		(74,696)		5,887		(68,810)		2,371		1,627		144,662		307,272
Residential mortgage	16,960		33,215		50,175		(1,615)		409		(1,206)		651		403		(6,382)		43,640
Home equity	10,926		11,649		22,575		(1,551)		1,476		(76)		422		374		(3,935)		19,361
Other consumer	6,639		7,016		13,655		(3,875)		845		(3,030)		61		140		3,612		14,438
Total consumer	34,525		51,880		86,405		(7,042)		2,730		(4,311)		1,134		917		(6,705)		77,440
Total loans	$	201,371	$	112,457	$	313,828	$	(81,738)	$	8,617	$	(73,121)	$	3,504	$	2,543	$	137,957	$	384,711
Allowance for unfunded commitments

Commercial and industrial	12,276		(3,998)		8,278		—		—		—		—		61		12,851		21,190
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	127		—		127		—		—		—		—		4		434		564
Commercial and business lending	12,403		(3,998)		8,405		—		—		—		—		65		13,285		21,754
Commercial real estate — investor	530		246		776		—		—		—		—		2		(58)		719
Real estate construction	7,532		18,347		25,879				—		—		—		45		2,703		28,626
Commercial real estate lending	8,062		18,593		26,655		—		—		—		—		47		2,644		29,345
Total commercial	20,465		14,595		35,060		—		—		—		—		112		15,929		51,100

Home equity	1,038		2,591		3,629		—		—		—		—		66		(106)		3,588
Other consumer	405		1,504		1,909		—		—		—		—		—		676		2,585
Total consumer	1,443		4,095		5,538		—		—		—		—		66		571		6,176
Total loans	$	21,907	$	18,690	$	40,597	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	179	$	16,500	$	57,276
Allowance for credit losses on loans
PPP	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	968	$	968	0.09	%
Commercial and industrial	103,409		48,921		152,330		(70,011)		5,210		(64,802)		293		469		100,691		188,983		2.38	%
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	10,411		(1,851)		8,560		(419)		4		(415)		890		259		2,461		11,755		1.30	%
Commercial and business lending	113,820		47,070		160,890		(70,430)		5,213		(65,216)		1,183		728		104,120		201,706		2.05	%
Commercial real estate — investor	41,044		2,287		43,331		(4,224)		643		(3,581)		753		474		49,945		90,921		2.10	%
Real estate construction	32,447		25,814		58,261		(42)		30		(12)		435		537		6,525		65,745		3.54	%
Commercial real estate lending	73,490		28,101		101,591		(4,266)		673		(3,593)		1,188		1,011		56,471		156,667		2.53	%
Total commercial	187,311		75,171		262,482		(74,696)		5,887		(68,810)		2,371		1,739		160,591		358,372		2.23	%
Residential mortgage	16,960		33,215		50,175		(1,615)		409		(1,206)		651		403		(6,380)		43,643		0.55	%
Home equity	11,964		14,240		26,204		(1,551)		1,476		(76)		422		440		(4,041)		22,949		3.01	%
Other consumer	7,044		8,520		15,564		(3,875)		845		(3,030)		61		140		4,287		17,023		5.40	%
Total consumer	35,968		55,975		91,943		(7,042)		2,730		(4,311)		1,134		983		(6,134)		83,616		0.93	%
Total loans	$	223,278	$	131,147	$	354,425	$	(81,738)	$	8,617	$	(73,121)	$	3,504	$	2,722	$	154,457	$	441,988	1.77	%

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The following table presents details of the allowance for loan losses segregated by loan portfolio segment as of December 31, 2019, calculated in accordance with prior incurred loss methodology applicable under ASC Topic 310:


($ in Thousands)	December 31, 2018		Charge offs		Recoveries		Net Charge offs		Provision for loan losses		December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses
Commercial and industrial	$	108,835	$	(63,315)	$	11,875	$	(51,441)	$	33,738	$	91,133
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	9,255		(222)		2,795		2,573		(1,543)		10,284
Commercial and business lending	118,090		(63,537)		14,670		(48,868)		32,195		101,417
Commercial real estate — investor	40,844		—		31		31		(361)		40,514
Real estate construction	28,240		(60)		302		243		(3,568)		24,915
Commercial real estate lending	69,084		(60)		333		274		(3,929)		65,429
Total commercial	187,174		(63,597)		15,003		(48,594)		28,266		166,846
Residential mortgage	25,595		(3,322)		692		(2,630)		(6,005)		16,960
Home equity	19,266		(1,846)		2,599		753		(9,093)		10,926
Other consumer	5,988		(5,548)		868		(4,681)		5,332		6,639
Total consumer	50,849		(10,716)		4,159		(6,558)		(9,766)		34,525
Total loans	$	238,023	$	(74,313)	$	19,161	$	(55,152)	$	18,500	$	201,371

A summary of the individually and collectively evaluated loans by portfolio segment at December 31, 2019, was as follows:


	Allowance for loan losses						Loans
($ in Thousands)	Individually evaluated for impairment		Collectively evaluated for impairment		Total allowance for loan losses		Individually evaluated for impairment		Collectively evaluated for impairment		Acquired and accounted for under ASC 310-30(a)		Total loans
Commercial and industrial	$	12,010	$	79,123	$	91,133	$	62,035	$	7,292,217	$	342	$	7,354,594
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	19		10,265		10,284		1,676		909,010		579		911,265
Commercial and business lending	12,029		89,388		101,417		63,711		8,201,227		921		8,265,858
Commercial real estate — investor	15		40,498		40,514		4,633		3,789,755		129		3,794,517
Real estate construction	67		24,848		24,915		477		1,420,416		7		1,420,900
Commercial real estate lending	82		65,346		65,429		5,110		5,210,171		136		5,215,417
Total commercial	12,111		154,734		166,846		68,821		13,411,398		1,057		13,481,275
Residential mortgage	2,740		14,220		16,960		35,554		8,100,958		469		8,136,980
Home equity	1,190		9,737		10,926		4,422		847,577		26		852,025
Other consumer	125		6,514		6,639		1,247		349,912		—		351,159
Total consumer	4,055		30,471		34,525		41,223		9,298,447		495		9,340,164
Total loans	$	16,165	$	185,205	$	201,371	$	110,043	$	22,709,845	$	1,552	$	22,821,440

(a) Loans acquired in business combinations and accounted for under ASC Subtopic 310-30 "Receivables — Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality."

Loans Acquired in Acquisitions

Loans acquired in a business combination after January 1, 2020 are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 326. See Note 2 Acquisitions and Dispositions for more information on loans acquired in a business combination. After January 1, 2020, acquired loans were segregated into two types:

•PCD loans are loans demonstrating more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination and are accounted for with ASC 326-30. Under this guidance, the credit mark on acquired assets grosses up the allowance for loan losses and the amortized cost of the loan.

•Non-PCD loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 310-20 "Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs" as these loans do not show evidence of credit deterioration since origination.

Loans acquired in a business combination prior to January 1, 2020 were recorded at estimated fair value on their purchase date without a carryover of the related allowance for loan losses. Prior to January 1, 2020, acquired loans were segregated into two types:

•Performing loans were accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 310-20 "Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs" as these loans do not have evidence of credit deterioration since origination.

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•Nonperforming loans were accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 310-30 as they displayed significant credit deterioration since origination.

Note 8 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill is not amortized but is instead subject to impairment tests on at least an annual basis, and more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.

The Corporation conducted its most recent annual impairment testing in May 2020, utilizing a quantitative assessment of goodwill impairment which included determining the estimated fair value of each reporting unit, utilizing an equally weighted combination of discounted cash flow and market-based approaches, and comparing that fair value to each reporting unit’s carrying amount (including goodwill). An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. Based on the quantitative assessment, management concluded that the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value (including goodwill) for each reporting unit. Therefore, based on the step one quantitative analysis, no impairment was required. There have been no events since the May 2020 impairment testing that have changed the Corporation's impairment assessment conclusion. There were no impairment charges recorded in 2019 or the first nine months of 2020.

Each of the valuation techniques employed by the Company requires significant assumptions. Depending upon the specific approach, assumptions are made regarding the economic environment, expected net interest margins, growth rates, discount rates for cash flows, asset quality metrics, control premiums, and price-to-forward earnings multiples. Changes to any one of these assumptions could result in significantly different results. A sustained decline in the Company’s expected future cash flows or estimated growth rates, or a prolonged decline in the price of the Company’s common stock due to further deterioration in the economic environment, may necessitate additional interim testing, which could result in an impairment charge to goodwill in future reporting periods.

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Corporation had goodwill of $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. There was an increase of $13 million relating to the First Staunton acquisition, and an $82 million reduction related to the disposition of ABRC.

Other Intangible Assets

The Corporation has other intangible assets that are amortized, consisting of CDIs, other intangibles, and MSRs. Other intangibles decreased $19 million from December 31, 2019, primarily driven by a $17 million decrease due to the disposition of ABRC. For CDIs and other intangibles, changes in the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization, and net book value were as follows:


($ in Thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020		Year Ended December 31, 2019
Core deposit intangibles
Gross carrying amount at the beginning of the year	$	80,730	$	58,100
Additions during the period	7,379		22,630
Accumulated amortization	(19,003)		(12,456)
Net book value	$	69,107	$	68,274
Amortization during the year	$	6,547	$	7,130
Other intangibles
Gross carrying amount at the beginning of the year	$	38,970	$	44,887
Additions during the period	200		—
Reductions due to sale	(17,435)		(217)
Accumulated amortization	(20,335)		(24,643)
Net book value	$	1,400	$	20,027
Amortization during the year	$	1,393	$	2,818

Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Corporation sells residential mortgage loans in the secondary market and typically retains the right to service the loans sold. MSRs are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income and assessed for impairment at each reporting date.

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The Corporation evaluates its MSRs asset for impairment at minimum on a quarterly basis. Impairment is assessed based on fair value at each reporting date using estimated prepayment speeds of the underlying mortgage loans serviced and stratifications based on the risk characteristics of the underlying loans (predominantly loan type and note interest rate). As mortgage interest rates fall, prepayment speeds are usually faster and the value of the MSRs asset generally decreases, requiring additional valuation reserve. Conversely, as mortgage interest rates rise, prepayment speeds are usually slower and the value of the MSRs asset generally increases, requiring less valuation reserve. A valuation allowance is established, through a charge to earnings, to the extent the amortized cost of the MSRs exceeds the estimated fair value by stratification. During the first nine months of 2020, the Corporation recognized temporary impairment of $18 million driven by decreasing interest rates. If it is later determined that all or a portion of the temporary impairment no longer exists for a stratification, the valuation is reduced through a recovery to earnings. An other-than-temporary impairment (i.e., recoverability is considered remote when considering interest rates and loan pay off activity) is recognized as a write-down of the MSRs asset and the related valuation allowance (to the extent a valuation allowance is available) and then against earnings. A direct write-down permanently reduces the carrying value of the MSRs asset and valuation allowance, precluding subsequent recoveries. See Note 12 for a discussion of the recourse provisions on sold residential mortgage loans. See Note 13 which further discusses fair value measurement relative to the MSRs asset.

A summary of changes in the balance of the MSRs asset and the MSRs valuation allowance is as follows:


($ in Thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020			Year Ended December 31, 2019
Mortgage servicing rights
Mortgage servicing rights at beginning of period	$	67,607		$	68,433
Additions from acquisition	1,357			—
Additions	11,495			11,606
Amortization	(16,416)			(12,432)
Mortgage servicing rights at end of period	$	64,043		$	67,607
Valuation allowance at beginning of period	$	(302)		$	(239)
(Additions) recoveries, net	(18,481)			(63)
Valuation allowance at end of period	$	(18,782)		$	(302)
Mortgage servicing rights, net	$	45,261		$	67,306
Fair value of mortgage servicing rights	$	45,303		$	72,532
Portfolio of residential mortgage loans serviced for others (“servicing portfolio”)	$	8,218,839		$	8,488,969
Mortgage servicing rights, net to servicing portfolio	0.55		%	0.79		%
Mortgage servicing rights expense(a)	$	34,897		$	12,494

(a) Includes the amortization of mortgage servicing rights and additions / recoveries to the valuation allowance of mortgage servicing rights, and is a component of mortgage banking, net on the consolidated statements of income.

The projections of amortization expense are based on existing asset balances, the current interest rate environment, and prepayment speeds as of September 30, 2020. The actual amortization expense the Corporation recognizes in any given period may be significantly different depending upon acquisition or sale activities, changes in interest rates, prepayment speeds, market conditions, regulatory requirements, and events or circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The following table shows the estimated future amortization expense for amortizing intangible assets:


($ in Thousands)	Core Deposit Intangibles		Other Intangibles		Mortgage Servicing Rights
Three Months Ending December 31, 2020	$	2,203	$	50	$	4,245
2021	8,811		200		15,333
2022	8,811		200		10,935
2023	8,811		200		8,030
2024	8,811		200		6,095
2025	8,811		200		4,764
Beyond 2025	22,849		350		14,640
Total Estimated Amortization Expense	$	69,107	$	1,400	$	64,043

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Note 9 Short and Long-Term Funding

The following table presents the components of short-term funding (funding with original contractual maturities of one year or less), long-term funding (funding with original contractual maturities greater than one year), and FHLB advances (funding based on original contractual maturities):


($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Short-Term Funding
Federal funds purchased	$	7,575	$	362,000
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	147,754		71,097
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase	155,329		433,097
Commercial paper	50,987		32,016
Total short-term funding	$	206,316	$	465,113
Long-Term Funding

Bank senior notes, at par, due 2021	$	300,000	$	300,000
Corporation subordinated notes, at par, due 2025	250,000		250,000
PPPLF	1,022,217		—
Finance leases	1,165		2,209
Capitalized costs	(1,964)		(2,866)
Total long-term funding	1,571,418		549,343
Total short and long-term funding, excluding FHLB advances	$	1,777,735	$	1,014,456
FHLB Advances
Short-term FHLB advances	$	—	$	520,000
Long-term FHLB advances	1,706,763		2,660,967
Total FHLB advances	$	1,706,763	$	3,180,967

Total short and long-term funding	$	3,484,498	$	4,195,422

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase ("Repurchase Agreements")

The Corporation enters into agreements under which it sells securities subject to an obligation to repurchase the same or similar securities. Under these arrangements, the Corporation may transfer legal control over the assets but still retain effective control through an agreement that both entitles and obligates the Corporation to repurchase the assets. The obligation to repurchase the securities is reflected as a liability on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets, while the securities underlying the repurchase agreements remain in the respective investment securities asset accounts (i.e., there is no offsetting or netting of the investment securities assets with the repurchase agreement liabilities). See Note 11 for additional disclosures on balance sheet offsetting.

The Corporation utilizes securities sold under agreements to repurchase to facilitate the needs of its customers. As of September 30, 2020, the Corporation pledged agency mortgage-related securities with a fair value of $246 million as collateral for the repurchase agreements. Securities pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements are maintained with the Corporation's safekeeping agents and are monitored on a daily basis due to the market risk of fair value changes in the underlying securities. The Corporation generally pledges excess securities to ensure there is sufficient collateral to satisfy short-term fluctuations in both the repurchase agreement balances and the fair value of the underlying securities.

The remaining contractual maturity of the securities sold under agreements to repurchase on the consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are presented in the following table:


	Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
($ in Thousands)	Overnight and Continuous		Up to 30 days		30-90 days		Greater than 90 days		Total
September 30, 2020
Repurchase agreements
Agency mortgage-related securities	$	147,754	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	147,754
Total	$	147,754	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	147,754
December 31, 2019
Repurchase agreements
Agency mortgage-related securities	$	71,097	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	71,097
Total	$	71,097	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	71,097

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Long-Term Funding

Senior Notes

In August 2018, the Bank issued $300 million of senior notes, due August 2021, and callable July 2021. The senior notes have a fixed coupon interest rate of 3.50% and were issued at a discount.

Subordinated Notes

In November 2014, the Corporation issued $250 million of 10-year subordinated notes, due January 2025, and callable October 2024. The subordinated notes have a fixed coupon interest rate of 4.25% and were issued at a discount.

Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility

In connection with the funding of PPP loans, the Corporation has utilized the PPPLF. These borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank match the term of the underlying loan, which has been pledged to secure the borrowings, with original terms of two or five years. The rate of this funding is 0.35%. The Corporation began submitting PPP forgiveness applications to the SBA on behalf of our customers on September 14, 2020. Forgiveness payments from the SBA began to be received early in the fourth quarter. The Corporation believes we will receive a modest amount of forgiveness payments yet in 2020, with the majority to be received in 2021, therefore the expected maturity is less than the contractual terms of two or five years.

Finance Leases

In connection with the construction of new branches in Oshkosh and Eau Claire, Wisconsin, the Corporation entered into land leases with options to purchase the underlying land for a fixed price, which the Corporation now expects to exercise. The finance leases have fixed interest rates of approximately 1.00%. See Note 18 for additional disclosure regarding the Corporation’s leases.

FHLB Advances

At September 30, 2020, the Corporation had $1.7 billion of FHLB advances, down $1.5 billion, or 46%, from December 31, 2019. This is primarily due to the Corporation's prepayment of $950 million in long-term FHLB advances in the third quarter of 2020. As a result, the Corporation incurred a $45 million loss on the prepayment. In addition, short-term FHLB advances decreased $520 million from December 31, 2019.

Note 10 Derivative and Hedging Activities

The Corporation is exposed to certain risk arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Corporation principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Corporation manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Corporation enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. The Corporation's derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Corporation's known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to the Corporation's assets.

The contract or notional amount of a derivative is used to determine, along with the other terms of the derivative, the amounts to be exchanged between the counterparties. The Corporation is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to financial instruments. To mitigate the counterparty risk, contracts generally contain language outlining collateral pledging requirements for each counterparty. For non-centrally cleared derivatives, collateral must be posted when the market value exceeds certain mutually agreed upon threshold limits. Securities and cash are often pledged as collateral. The Corporation pledged $75 million of investment securities as collateral at September 30, 2020, and pledged $57 million of investment securities as collateral at December 31, 2019. At September 30, 2020, the Corporation posted $30 million of cash collateral compared to $14 million at December 31, 2019.

Federal regulations require the Corporation to clear all LIBOR interest rate swaps through a clearing house, if possible. For derivatives cleared through central clearing houses, the variation margin payments are legally characterized as daily settlements of the derivative rather than collateral. The Corporation's clearing agent for interest rate derivative contracts that are centrally cleared through the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) and the London Clearing House (LCH) settles the variation margin daily. As a result, the variation margin payment and the related derivative instruments are considered a single unit of account for accounting and financial reporting purposes. Depending on the net position, the fair value is reported in other assets or

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accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The daily settlement of the derivative exposure does not change or reset the contractual terms of the instrument.

Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Corporation is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its pools of prepayable fixed-rate assets due to changes in benchmark interest rates. The Corporation used interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value on these instruments attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involved the payment of fixed-rate amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Corporation receiving variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk were recognized in interest income. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Corporation terminated the outstanding fair value hedges.

Derivatives to Accommodate Customer Needs

The Corporation also facilitates customer borrowing activity by entering into various derivative contracts which are designated as free standing derivative contracts. Free standing derivative products are entered into primarily for the benefit of commercial customers seeking to manage their exposures to interest rate risk, foreign currency, and commodity prices. These derivative contracts are not designated against specific assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets or forecasted transactions and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Such derivative contracts are carried at fair value in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in the fair value recorded as a component of capital markets, net, and typically include interest rate-related instruments (swaps and caps), foreign currency exchange forwards, and commodity contracts. See Note 11 for additional information and disclosures on balance sheet offsetting.

Interest rate-related instruments: The Corporation provides interest rate risk management services to commercial customers, primarily forward interest rate swaps and caps. The Corporation’s market risk from unfavorable movements in interest rates related to these derivative contracts is generally economically hedged by concurrently entering into offsetting derivative contracts. The offsetting derivative contracts have identical notional values, terms, and indices.

Foreign currency exchange forwards: The Corporation provides foreign currency exchange services to customers, primarily forward contracts. The Corporation's customers enter into a foreign currency exchange forward with the Corporation as a means for them to mitigate exchange rate risk. The Corporation mitigates its risk by then entering into an offsetting foreign currency exchange derivative contract.

Commodity contracts: Commodity contracts are entered into primarily for the benefit of commercial customers seeking to manage their exposure to fluctuating commodity prices. The Corporation mitigates its risk by then entering into an offsetting commodity derivative contract.

Mortgage Derivatives

Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale and forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans are considered derivative instruments, and the fair value of these commitments is recorded in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets with the changes in fair value recorded as a component of mortgage banking, net.

The following table presents the total notional amounts and gross fair values of the Company’s derivatives, as well as the balance sheet netting adjustments as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The derivative assets and liabilities are presented on a gross basis prior to the application of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements, but after the variation margin payments with central clearing organizations have been applied as settlement, as applicable. Total derivative assets and liabilities are adjusted to take into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral received or paid as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The resulting net derivative asset and liability fair values are included in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.

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	September 30, 2020								December 31, 2019
	Asset				Liability				Asset				Liability
($ in Thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value



Not designated as hedging instruments

Interest rate-related instruments	$	3,731,752	$	225,912	$	3,731,752	$	28,960	$	3,029,877	$	77,024	$	3,029,877	$	13,073
Foreign currency exchange forwards	431,862		4,710		422,645		4,563		272,636		4,226		264,653		4,048
Commodity contracts	132,055		25,935		127,597		24,476		255,089		20,528		255,165		19,624

Mortgage banking(a)(b)	171,871		7,888		264,000		—		255,291		2,527		263,000		710


Gross derivatives before netting			$	264,445			$	57,999			$	104,305			$	37,455
Less: Legally enforceable master netting agreements	2,524				2,524				10,410				10,410
Less: Cash collateral pledged/received	24,837				28,363				1,408				11,365
Total derivative instruments, after netting	$	237,084			$	27,112			$	92,487			$	15,680

(a) Mortgage derivative assets include interest rate lock commitments and mortgage derivative liabilities include forward commitments.

(b) Includes $108 thousand forward commitment fair value.

The Corporation terminated its $500 million fair value hedge during the fourth quarter of 2019. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolios which had previously been used in the terminated hedging relationship was $674 million and is included in loans and investment securities, available for sale, at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. This amount includes $4 million of hedging adjustments on the discontinued hedging relationships.

The table below identifies the effect of fair value hedge accounting on the Corporation's consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:


	Location and Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020				2019				2020				2019
($ in Thousands)	Interest Income		Other Income (Expense)		Interest Income		Other Income (Expense)		Interest Income		Other Income (Expense)		Interest Income		Other Income (Expense)
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented on the consolidated statements of income in which the effects of the fair value hedge is recorded	$	(481)	$	—	$	(59)	$	—	$	(1,345)	$	(262)	$	160	$	—
The effects of fair value hedging: Gain or (loss) on fair value hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Interest contracts
Hedged items	(481)		—		452		—		(1,345)		(262)		6,674		—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a)	—		—		(511)		—		—		—		(6,514)		—

(a) Includes net settlements on the derivatives.

The table below identifies the effect of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the Corporation's consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:


	Consolidated Statements of Income Category of Gain / (Loss) Recognized in Income	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)		2020		2019		2020		2019
Derivative Instruments
Interest rate-related instruments — customer and mirror, net	Capital markets, net	$	507	$	(619)	$	(2,648)	$	(2,309)
Foreign currency exchange forwards	Capital markets, net	49		72		(31)		284
Commodity contracts	Capital markets, net	(86)		208		555		(2,037)
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Mortgage banking, net	(4,948)		(2,851)		5,361		(191)
Forward commitments (mortgage)	Mortgage banking, net	1,293		1,313		710		1,482

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Note 11 Balance Sheet Offsetting

Interest Rate-Related Instruments, Commodity Contracts, and Foreign Exchange Forwards (“Interest, Commodity, and Foreign Exchange Agreements”)

The Corporation enters into interest rate-related instruments to facilitate the interest rate risk management strategies of commercial customers, commodity contracts to manage commercial customers' exposure to fluctuating commodity prices, and foreign exchange forwards to manage customers' exposure to fluctuating foreign exchange rates. The Corporation mitigates these risks by entering into equal and offsetting agreements with highly rated third-party financial institutions. The Corporation is party to master netting arrangements with its financial institution counterparties that create single net settlements of all legal claims or obligations to pay or receive the net amount of settlement of the individual interest, commodity, and foreign exchange agreements. Collateral, usually in the form of investment securities and cash, is posted by the counterparty with net liability positions in accordance with contract thresholds. Derivatives subject to a legally enforceable master netting agreement are reported on a net basis, net of cash collateral, in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities, on the face of the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 10 for additional information on the Corporation’s derivative and hedging activities.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase (“Repurchase Agreements”)

The Corporation enters into agreements under which it sells securities subject to an obligation to repurchase the same or similar securities. These repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing arrangements (i.e., secured borrowings) and not as a sale and subsequent repurchase of securities (i.e., there is no offsetting or netting of the investment securities assets with the repurchase agreement liabilities). The right of set-off for a repurchase agreement resembles a secured borrowing, whereby the collateral would be used to settle the fair value of the repurchase agreement should the Corporation be in default (e.g., fails to make an interest payment to the counterparty). In addition, the Corporation does not enter into reverse repurchase agreements; therefore, there is no such offsetting to be done with the repurchase agreements. See Note 9 for additional disclosures on repurchase agreements.

The following table presents the interest rate, commodity, and foreign exchange assets and liabilities subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement. The interest, commodity and foreign exchange agreements the Corporation has with its commercial customers are not subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement and are therefore excluded from this table:


	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Subject to Master Netting Arrangements Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets				Net Amounts Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Investment Securities Received
($ in Thousands)			Derivative Assets Offset		Cash Collateral Received						Net amount
Derivative assets
September 30, 2020	$	27,408	$	(2,524)	$	(24,837)	$	47	$	—	$	47
December 31, 2019	11,864		(10,410)		(1,408)		45		—		45

	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Subject to Master Netting Arrangements Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets				Net Amounts Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Investment Securities Pledged
($ in Thousands)			Derivative Liabilities Offset		Cash Collateral Pledged						Net amount
Derivative liabilities
September 30, 2020	$	31,164	$	(2,524)	$	(28,363)	$	277	$	—	$	277
December 31, 2019	22,189		(10,410)		(11,365)		413		—		413

Note 12 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Legal Proceedings and Regulatory Matters


($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Commitments to extend credit, excluding commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale(a)(b)	$	9,582,235	$	9,024,412
Commercial letters of credit(a)	6,977		7,081
Standby letters of credit(c)	252,292		277,969

(a) These off-balance sheet financial instruments are exercisable at the market rate prevailing at the date the underlying transaction will be completed and, thus, are deemed to have no current fair value, or the fair value is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements and was not material at September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

(b) Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale are considered derivative instruments and are disclosed in Note 10.

(c) The Corporation has established a liability of $2 million and $3 million for September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, as an estimate of the fair value of these financial instruments.

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Lending-related Commitments

As a financial services provider, the Corporation routinely enters into commitments to extend credit. Such commitments are subject to the same credit policies and approval process accorded to loans made by the Corporation, with each customer’s creditworthiness evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to these financial instruments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Corporation upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Since a significant portion of commitments to extend credit are subject to specific restrictive loan covenants or may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements. An allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded commitments (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit). The following table presents a summary of the changes in the allowance for unfunded commitments:


($ in Thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020		Year Ended December 31, 2019
Allowance for Unfunded Commitments
Balance at beginning of period	$	21,907	$	24,336
Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)	18,690		N/A
Balance at beginning of period, adjusted	40,597		24,336
Provision for unfunded commitments	16,500		(2,500)
Amount recorded at acquisition	179		70
Balance at end of period	$	57,276	$	21,907

The increase is a result of the Day 1 modified retrospective adjustment of $19 million for the adoption of ASU 2016-13. In addition, during the year, there was a $17 million increase to the allowance for unfunded commitments driven by the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within the economic models used in the new expected credit loss methodology. See Note 3 and Note 7 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on the adoption of ASU 2016-13 and the allowance for unfunded commitments.

Lending-related commitments include commitments to extend credit, commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are legally binding agreements to lend to customers at predetermined interest rates, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contracts. Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale and forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans are considered derivative instruments, and the fair value of these commitments are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation’s derivative and hedging activity is further described in Note 10. Commercial and standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Commercial letters of credit are issued specifically to facilitate commerce and typically result in the commitment being drawn on when the underlying transaction is consummated between the customer and the third party, while standby letters of credit generally are contingent upon the failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of the underlying contract with the third party.

Other Commitments

The Corporation invests in qualified affordable housing projects, federal and state historic projects, new market projects, and opportunity zone funds for the purpose of community reinvestment and obtaining tax credits and other tax benefits. Return on the Corporation's investment in these projects and funds comes in the form of the tax credits and tax losses that pass through to the Corporation and deferral or elimination of capital gain recognition for tax purposes. The aggregate carrying value of these investments at September 30, 2020 was $285 million, compared to $248 million at December 31, 2019, included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation utilizes the proportional amortization method to account for investments in qualified affordable housing projects.

Under the proportional amortization method, the Corporation amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits. The Corporation recognized additional income tax expense attributable to the amortization of investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $18 million and $14 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $6 million and $4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Corporation's remaining investment in qualified affordable housing projects accounted for under the proportional amortization method totaled $274 million at September 30, 2020 and $234 million at December 31, 2019.

The Corporation’s unfunded equity contributions relating to investments in qualified affordable housing, federal and state historic projects, and new market projects are recorded in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation’s remaining unfunded equity contributions totaled $147 million and $123 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, the Corporation did not record any impairment related to qualified affordable housing investments.

The Corporation has principal investment commitments to provide capital-based financing to private and public companies through either direct investments in specific companies or through investment funds and partnerships. The timing of future cash requirements to fund such principal investment commitments is generally dependent on the investment cycle, whereby privately held companies are funded by private equity investors and ultimately sold, merged, or taken public through an initial offering, which can vary based on overall market conditions, as well as the nature and type of industry in which the companies operate. The Corporation also invests in loan pools that support CRA loans. The timing of future cash requirements to fund these pools is dependent upon loan demand, which can vary over time. The aggregate carrying value of these investments was $28 million and $26 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

Legal Proceedings

The Corporation is party to various pending and threatened claims and legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business activities, some of which involve claims for substantial amounts. Although there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcomes, the Corporation believes it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted against it in its currently outstanding matters and intends to continue to defend itself vigorously with respect to such legal proceedings. The Corporation will consider settlement of cases when, in management’s judgment, it is in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders.

On at least a quarterly basis, the Corporation assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with all pending or threatened claims and litigation, utilizing the most recent information available. On a matter by matter basis, an accrual for loss is established for those matters which the Corporation believes it is probable that a loss may be incurred and that the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. Once established, each accrual is adjusted as appropriate to reflect any subsequent developments. Accordingly, management’s estimate will change from time to time, and actual losses may be more or less than the current estimate. For matters where a loss is not probable, or the amount of the loss cannot be estimated, no accrual is established.

Resolution of legal claims is inherently unpredictable, and in many legal proceedings various factors exacerbate this inherent unpredictability, including where the damages sought are unsubstantiated or indeterminate, it is unclear whether a case brought as a class action will be allowed to proceed on that basis, discovery is not complete, the proceeding is not yet in its final stages, the matters present legal uncertainties, there are significant facts in dispute, there are a large number of parties (including where it is uncertain how liability, if any, will be shared among multiple defendants), or there is a wide range of potential results.

The Corporation does not believe it is presently subject to any legal proceedings the resolution of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows.

Regulatory Matters

A variety of consumer products, including mortgage and deposit products, and certain fees and charges related to such products, have come under increased regulatory scrutiny. It is possible that regulatory authorities could bring enforcement actions, including civil money penalties, or take other actions against the Corporation and the Bank in regard to these consumer products. The Bank could also determine of its own accord, or be required by regulators, to refund or otherwise make remediation payments to customers in connection with these products. It is not possible at this time for management to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss related to such matters.

Mortgage Repurchase Reserve

The Corporation sells residential mortgage loans to investors in the normal course of business. Residential mortgage loans sold to others are predominantly conventional residential first lien mortgages originated under the Corporation's usual underwriting procedures, and are most often sold on a nonrecourse basis, primarily to the GSEs. The Corporation’s agreements to sell residential mortgage loans in the normal course of business usually require certain representations and warranties on the underlying loans sold, related to credit information, loan documentation, collateral, and insurability. Subsequent to being sold, if a material underwriting deficiency or documentation defect is discovered, the Corporation may be obligated to repurchase the loan or reimburse the GSEs for losses incurred (collectively, “make whole requests”). The make whole requests and any related risk of loss under the representations and warranties are largely driven by borrower performance.

As a result of make whole requests, the Corporation has repurchased loans with principal balances of $7 million and $2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. There were no loss reimbursement and settlement claims paid for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and such claims were negligible for

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the year ended December 31, 2019. Make whole requests during 2019 and the first nine months of 2020 generally arose from loans sold during the period of January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019. Since January 1, 2012, loans sold totaled $14.0 billion at the time of sale, and consisted primarily of loans sold to GSEs. As of September 30, 2020, approximately $7.2 billion of these sold loans remain outstanding.

The balance in the mortgage repurchase reserve at the balance sheet date reflects the estimated amount of potential loss the Corporation could incur from repurchasing a loan, as well as loss reimbursements, indemnifications, and other settlement resolutions. The mortgage repurchase reserve, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, was $2 million as of September 30, 2020 and approximately $795,000 as of December 31, 2019.

The Corporation may also sell residential mortgage loans with limited recourse (limited in that the recourse period ends prior to the loan’s maturity, usually after certain time and / or loan paydown criteria have been met), whereby repurchase could be required if the loan had defined delinquency issues during the limited recourse periods. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were approximately $47 million and $39 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans sold with such recourse risk. There have been limited instances and immaterial historical losses on repurchases for recourse under the limited recourse criteria.

The Corporation has a subordinate position to the FHLB in the credit risk on residential mortgage loans it sold to the FHLB in exchange for a monthly credit enhancement fee. The Corporation has not sold loans to the FHLB with such credit risk retention since February 2005. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were $36 million and $45 million, respectively, of such residential mortgage loans with credit risk recourse, upon which there have been negligible historical losses to the Corporation.

Note 13 Fair Value Measurements

Fair value represents the estimated price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e., an exit price concept).

The valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis are described in the Fair Value Measurements note in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There has been one significant change to the methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:

Individually Evaluated Loans: The Corporation individually evaluates loans when a commercial loan relationship is in nonaccrual status or when a commercial and consumer loan relationship has its terms restructured in a TDR or when a loan meets the Corporation's definition of a probable TDR. Prior to January 1, 2020, management considered a loan impaired when it was probable that the Corporation would be unable to collect all amounts due according to the original contractual terms of the note agreement, including both principal and interest. See Note 7 for additional information regarding the Corporation’s individually evaluated loans.

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The table below presents the Corporation’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:


($ in Thousands)	Fair Value Hierarchy	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets
Investment securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury securities	Level 1	$	26,650	$	—
Agency securities	Level 2	25,033		—
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities)	Level 2	474,695		546,160
Residential mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	Level 2	1,276,463		132,660
GNMA	Level 2	407,313		985,139

Commercial mortgage-related securities
FNMA / FHLMC	Level 2	21,877		21,728
GNMA	Level 2	688,378		1,310,207
Asset backed securities
FFELP	Level 2	325,843		263,693
SBA	Level 2	9,111		—
Other debt securities	Level 2	2,997		3,000

Total investment securities available for sale	Level 1	$	26,650	$	—
Total investment securities available for sale	Level 2	3,231,711		3,262,586

Equity securities with readily determinable fair values	Level 1	1,646		1,646
Residential loans held for sale	Level 2	130,139		136,280
Interest rate-related instruments(a)	Level 2	225,912		77,024
Foreign currency exchange forwards(a)	Level 2	4,710		4,226

Commodity contracts(a)	Level 2	25,935		20,528


Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale	Level 3	7,888		2,527
Liabilities
Interest rate-related instruments(a)	Level 2	$	28,960	$	13,073
Foreign currency exchange forwards(a)	Level 2	4,563		4,048
Commodity contracts(a)	Level 2	24,476		19,624


Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans	Level 3	—		710

(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 10 and Note 11 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.

The table below presents a rollforward of the consolidated balance sheets amounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, for the Corporation's mortgage derivatives measured on a recurring basis and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy:


($ in Thousands)	Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale		Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans		Total
Balance December 31, 2018	$	2,208	$	2,072	$	140
New production	24,164		(2,367)		26,531
Closed loans / settlements	(29,375)		(5,968)		(23,407)
Other	5,530		6,973		(1,443)
Mortgage derivative gain (loss)	319		(1,362)		1,681

Balance December 31, 2019	$	2,527	$	710	$	1,817
New production	$	59,550	$	(1,790)	$	61,340
Closed loans / settlements	(60,000)		(14,169)		(45,831)
Other	5,703		15,140		(9,437)
Mortgage derivative gain (loss)	5,253		(819)		6,072

Balance September 30, 2020	$	7,780	$	(108)	$	7,888

The closing ratio on interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale is a Level 3 measurement, and was 88% at September 30, 2020.

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The following table presents the carrying value of equity securities without readily determinable fair values still held as of September 30, 2020 that are measured under the measurement alternative and the related adjustments recorded during the periods presented for those securities with observable price changes. These securities are included in the nonrecurring fair value tables when applicable price changes are observable. Also shown are the cumulative upward and downward adjustments for the Corporation's equity securities without readily determinable fair values as of September 30, 2020:


($ in Thousands)
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values
Carrying value as of December 31, 2019	$	13,444
Carrying value changes	—

Carrying value as of September 30, 2020	$	13,444

Cumulative upward carrying value changes between January 1, 2018 and September 30, 2020	$	13,444
Cumulative downward carrying value changes/impairment between January 1, 2018 and September 30, 2020	$	—

The table below presents the Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:

Consolidated Statements of Income
Category of Adjustment
Recognized in Income

Adjustment Recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income

($ in Thousands)

Fair Value Hierarchy

Fair Value

September 30, 2020

Assets

Individually evaluated loans(a)

Level 3

117,451

Provision for credit losses

(96,856)

OREO(b)

Level 2

10,953

Other noninterest expense

(7,339)

Mortgage servicing rights

Level 3

45,303

Mortgage banking, net

(18,481)

December 31, 2019

Assets

Impaired loans(c)

Level 3

45,792

Provision for credit losses(d)

(66,172)

OREO(b)

Level 2

3,565

Other noninterest expense

(1,860)

Mortgage servicing rights

Level 3

72,532

Mortgage banking, net

(63)

Equity securities

Level 3

13,444

Investment securities gains (losses), net

13,444

(a) Includes probable TDRs which are individually analyzed, net of the related allowance for loan losses.

(b) If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the carrying amount of the asset, no charge off or adjustment is necessary, the asset is not considered to be carried at fair value, and is therefore not included in the table.

(d) Represents provision for credit losses on individually evaluated impaired loans.

Certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include the fair value analysis in the goodwill impairment test, and intangible assets and other nonfinancial long-lived assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment.

The Corporation's significant Level 3 measurements which employ unobservable inputs that are readily quantifiable pertain to MSRs and individually evaluated loans.

The table below presents information about these inputs and further discussion is found above:


September 30, 2020	Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Input	Range of Inputs			Weighted Average Input Applied
Mortgage servicing rights	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	9%	-	14%	9%
Mortgage servicing rights	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate	14%	-	46%	20%
Individually evaluated loans	Appraisals / Discounted cash flow	Collateral / Discount factor	0%	-	42%	37%

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Corporation is required to disclose estimated fair values for its financial instruments.

Fair value estimates are set forth below for the Corporation’s financial instruments:


		September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value

Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	Level 1	$	401,151	$	401,151	$	373,380	$	373,380
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions	Level 1	712,416		712,416		207,624		207,624
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	Level 1	95		95		7,740		7,740
Investment securities held to maturity, net	Level 1	999		1,030		999		1,018
Investment securities held to maturity, net	Level 2	1,989,870		2,123,351		2,204,084		2,275,447
Investment securities available for sale	Level 1	26,650		26,650		—		—
Investment securities available for sale	Level 2	3,231,711		3,231,711		3,262,586		3,262,586

Equity securities with readily determinable fair values	Level 1	1,646		1,646		1,646		1,646
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values	Level 3	13,444		13,444		13,444		13,444
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks	Level 2	168,280		168,280		227,347		227,347
Residential loans held for sale	Level 2	130,139		130,139		136,280		136,280
Commercial loans held for sale	Level 2	19,360		19,360		15,000		15,000
Loans, net	Level 3	24,619,041		24,532,881		22,620,068		22,399,621
Bank and corporate owned life insurance	Level 2	679,257		679,257		671,948		671,948

Derivatives (other assets)(a)	Level 2	256,557		256,557		101,778		101,778
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale (other assets)	Level 3	7,888		7,888		2,527		2,527
Financial liabilities
Noninterest-bearing demand, savings, interest-bearing demand, and money market accounts	Level 3	$	24,685,695	$	24,685,695	$	21,156,261	$	21,156,261
Brokered CDs and other time deposits(b)	Level 2	2,026,852		2,039,995		2,622,803		2,622,803
Short-term funding(c)	Level 2	206,316		206,316		465,113		465,113
Long-term funding (excluding PPPLF)	Level 2	549,201		589,717		549,343		572,873
PPPLF	Level 2	1,022,217		1,022,399		—		—
FHLB advances	Level 2	1,706,763		1,851,567		3,180,967		3,207,793
Standby letters of credit(d)	Level 2	2,489		2,489		2,710		2,710

Derivatives (accrued expenses and other liabilities)(a)	Level 2	57,999		57,999		36,745		36,745
Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans (accrued expenses and other liabilities)	Level 3	—		—		710		710

(b) When the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the carrying value is reported as the fair value.

(d) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $252 million at September 30, 2020 and $278 million at December 31, 2019. See Note 12 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments.

Note 14 Retirement Plans

The Corporation has a noncontributory defined benefit retirement account plan, the RAP, covering substantially all employees who meet participation requirements. The benefits are based primarily on years of service and the employee’s compensation paid. Employees of acquired entities generally participate in the RAP after consummation of the business combinations. Any retirement plans of acquired entities are typically merged into the RAP after completion of the mergers, and credit is usually given to employees for years of service at the acquired institution for vesting and eligibility purposes.

The Corporation also provides legacy healthcare access to a limited group of retired employees from a previous acquisition in the Postretirement Plan. There are no other active retiree healthcare plans.

The Huntington branch acquisition closed on June 14, 2019, and the employees gained as a result of the transaction became eligible to participate in the RAP on the same date, with their vesting service credit based on their prior hours of service with Huntington. See Note 2 for additional information on the Huntington branch acquisition.

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The First Staunton acquisition closed on February 14, 2020, and the employees who met the required criteria as a result of the transaction became eligible to participate in the RAP on February 15, 2020, with their vesting service credit based on their prior hours of service with First Staunton. See Note 2 for additional information on the First Staunton acquisition.

The components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic benefit cost for the RAP and Postretirement Plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
RAP
Service cost	$	1,853	$	1,598	$	6,183	$	5,448
Interest cost	2,124		2,489		6,139		7,314
Expected return on plan assets	(6,386)		(6,099)		(19,196)		(18,249)
Amortization of prior service cost	(18)		(18)		(55)		(55)
Amortization of actuarial loss (gain)	1,313		230		2,923		360
Total net periodic pension cost	$	(1,114)	$	(1,800)	$	(4,006)	$	(5,183)







Postretirement Plan
Interest cost	$	20	$	26	$	59	$	78
Amortization of prior service cost	(19)		(19)		(56)		(56)
Amortization of actuarial loss (gain)	—		(1)		—		(3)
Total net periodic benefit cost	$	1	$	6	$	2	$	19

The components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in the line item other of noninterest expense on the consolidated statements of income. The service cost components are included in personnel on the consolidated statements of income.

The Corporation’s funding policy is to pay at least the minimum amount required by federal law and regulations, with consideration given to the maximum funding amounts allowed. The Corporation regularly reviews the funding of its RAP. There were no contributions during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Note 15 Segment Reporting

The Corporation utilizes a risk-based internal profitability measurement system to provide strategic business unit reporting. The profitability measurement system is based on internal management methodologies designed to produce consistent results and reflect the underlying economics of the units. Certain strategic business units have been combined for segment information reporting purposes where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer, and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The three reportable segments are Corporate and Commercial Specialty; Community, Consumer, and Business; and Risk Management and Shared Services. The financial information of the Corporation’s segments has been compiled utilizing the accounting policies described in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Note 3 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, with certain exceptions. The more significant of these exceptions are described herein.

The reportable segment results are presented based on the Corporation's internal management accounting process. The management accounting policies and processes utilized in compiling segment financial information are highly subjective and, unlike financial accounting, are not based on authoritative guidance similar to U.S. GAAP. As a result, reported segments and the financial information of the reported segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information reported by other financial institutions. Furthermore, changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in changes in previously reported segment financial data. Additionally, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities.

To determine financial performance of each segment, the Corporation allocates FTP assignments, the provision for credit losses, certain noninterest expenses, income taxes, and equity to each segment. Allocation methodologies are subject to periodic adjustment as the internal management accounting system is revised, the interest rate environment evolves, and business or product lines within the segments change. Also, because the development and application of these methodologies is a dynamic process, the financial results presented may be periodically reviewed.

The Corporation allocates net interest income using an internal FTP methodology that charges users of funds (assets) and credits providers of funds (liabilities, primarily deposits) based on the maturity, prepayment and / or repricing characteristics of the assets and liabilities. The net effect of this allocation is offset in the Risk Management and Shared Services segment to

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ensure consolidated totals reflect the Corporation's net interest income. The net FTP allocation is reflected as net intersegment income (expense) in the accompanying tables.

A credit provision is allocated to segments based on the expected long-term annual net charge off rates attributable to the credit risk of loans managed by the segment during the period. In contrast, the level of the consolidated provision for credit losses is determined based on an allowance model using the methodologies described in Note 3 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The net effect of the credit provision is recorded in Risk Management and Shared Services. Indirect expenses incurred by certain centralized support areas are allocated to segments based on actual usage (for example, volume measurements) and other criteria. Certain types of administrative expense and bank-wide expense accruals (including amortization of CDIs and other intangible assets associated with acquisitions, acquisition-related costs, asset gains on disposed business units, loss on prepayment of FHLB advances, and income tax benefits as a result of tax planning strategies) are generally not allocated to segments. Income taxes are allocated to segments based on the Corporation’s estimated effective tax rate, with certain segments adjusted for any tax-exempt income or non-deductible expenses. Equity is allocated to the segments based on regulatory capital requirements and in proportion to an assessment of the inherent risks associated with the business of the segment (including interest, credit and operating risk).

A brief description of each business segment is presented below. A more in-depth discussion of these segments can be found in the Segment Reporting footnote in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment serves a wide range of customers including larger businesses, developers, not-for-profits, municipalities, and financial institutions by providing lending and deposit solutions as well as the support to deliver, fund, and manage such banking solutions. In addition, this segment provides a variety of investment, fiduciary, and retirement planning products and services to individuals and small to mid-sized businesses. The Community, Consumer, and Business segment serves individuals, as well as small and mid-sized businesses, by providing lending and deposit solutions. In addition, the Corporation offered insurance and risk consulting services. During the second quarter of 2020, the Corporation sold ABRC. The Risk Management and Shared Services segment includes key shared operational functions and also includes residual revenue and expenses, representing the difference between actual amounts incurred and the amounts allocated to operating segments, including interest rate risk residuals (FTP mismatches) and credit risk and provision residuals (long-term credit charge mismatches). All First Staunton and Huntington branch acquisition related costs, the gain on sale of ABRC, the loss on the prepayment of FHLB advances, and the income tax benefit from tax planning strategies are included within the Risk Management and Shared Services segment.

During the first quarter of 2020, the Corporation reassigned goodwill of approximately $4 million to the Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment from the Community, Consumer and Business segment as a result of a reorganization of the investment and fiduciary businesses. The goodwill reassigned was attributable to the Corporation's acquisition of Whitnell & Co. in 2017. Also effective in the first quarter of 2020, the marketing business unit, formerly part of the Risk Management and Shared Services segment, was reorganized under the Community, Consumer and Business segment.

During the third quarter of 2020, the retirement plan services business unit, formerly part of the Community, Consumer, and Business segment, was reorganized under the Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment. In addition, the oil and gas business unit, formerly part of the Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment, was reorganized under the Risk Management and Shared Services segment as the Corporation's Credit team manages our exposure to the Corporation's higher-leveraged borrowers.

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Information about the Corporation’s segments is presented below:


	Corporate and Commercial Specialty
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net interest income	$	92,033	$	111,060	$	298,611	$	339,222
Net intersegment interest income (expense)	6,937		(12,041)		3,123		(40,863)
Segment net interest income	98,970		99,020		301,734		298,359
Noninterest income	37,405		33,671		111,254		101,135
Total revenue	136,376		132,691		412,987		399,495
Credit provision	15,572		12,248		41,456		37,417
Noninterest expense	52,144		57,946		159,471		174,570
Income (loss) before income taxes	68,660		62,497		212,060		187,508
Income tax expense (benefit)	12,600		11,249		39,461		35,472
Net income	$	56,060	$	51,248	$	172,599	$	152,036






Allocated goodwill					$	530,144	$	530,144


	Community, Consumer, and Business
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net interest income	$	73,644	$	73,777	$	221,691	$	230,476
Net intersegment interest income (expense)	9,231		25,437		42,213		68,930
Segment net interest income	82,875		99,214		263,904		299,406
Noninterest income	32,958		59,934		140,442		171,283
Total revenue	115,833		159,148		404,345		470,688
Credit provision	5,758		4,631		16,296		13,942
Noninterest expense	102,100		118,241		335,591		345,611
Income (loss) before income taxes	7,975		36,277		52,458		111,135
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,675		7,618		11,016		23,338
Net income	$	6,300	$	28,658	$	41,442	$	87,797






Allocated goodwill					$	577,758	$	646,086


	Risk Management and Shared Services
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net interest income	$	16,472	$	21,528	$	54,662	$	65,834
Net intersegment interest income (expense)	(16,167)		(13,396)		(45,336)		(28,067)
Segment net interest income	305		8,131		9,326		37,767
Noninterest income(a)	5,182		7,245		176,646		15,472
Total revenue	5,487		15,376		185,973		53,239
Credit provision	21,679		(14,879)		99,257		(35,359)
Noninterest expense(b)	73,343		24,743		108,122		70,198
Income (loss) before income taxes	(89,535)		5,512		(21,407)		18,400
Income tax expense (benefit)(c)	(72,389)		2,080		(47,135)		3,546
Net income	$	(17,146)	$	3,432	$	25,728	$	14,854






Allocated goodwill					$	—	$	—

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	Consolidated Total
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net interest income	$	182,150	$	206,365	$	574,964	$	635,532
Net intersegment interest income (expense)	—		—		—		—
Segment net interest income	182,150		206,365		574,964		635,532
Noninterest income(a)	75,545		100,850		428,342		287,890
Total revenue	257,695		307,216		1,003,305		923,422
Credit provision	43,009		2,000		157,009		16,000
Noninterest expense(b)	227,587		200,930		603,184		590,380
Income (loss) before income taxes	(12,900)		104,286		243,112		317,042
Income tax expense (benefit)c)	(58,114)		20,947		3,342		62,356
Net income	$	45,214	$	83,339	$	239,769	$	254,686






Allocated goodwill					$	1,107,902	$	1,176,230

(a) For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Corporation recognized a $163 million asset gain related to the sale of ABRC.

(b) For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Risk Management and Shared Services segment included approximately $218 thousand and $2 million respectively, of acquisition related noninterest expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Risk Management and Shared Services segment included approximately $2 million and $6 million respectively, of acquisition related noninterest expense. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Risk Management and Shared Services segment also incurred a $45 million loss on the prepayment of FHLB advances.

(c) The Corporation has recognized $63 million in tax benefits for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, and $49 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, primarily driven by tax planning strategies which allowed for the recognition of built in capital losses and tax basis step-up yielding this tax benefit.

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Note 16 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables summarize the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at September 30, 2020 and 2019, including changes during the preceding three and nine month periods as well as any reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):


($ in Thousands)	Investment Securities Available For Sale		Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Obligations		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance December 31, 2019	$	3,989	$	(37,172)	$	(33,183)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	53,900		—		53,900
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Investment securities losses (gains), net	(9,222)		—		(9,222)
Personnel expense	—		(111)		(111)

Other expense	—		2,923		2,923


Interest income	2,628		—		2,628
Income tax (expense) benefit	(11,852)		(1,088)		(12,939)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period	35,454		1,724		37,178
Balance September 30, 2020	$	39,443	$	(35,448)	$	3,995

Balance December 31, 2018	$	(75,643)	$	(49,330)	$	(124,972)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	123,139		—		123,139
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Investment securities losses (gains), net	(5,931)		—		(5,931)
Personnel expense	—		(111)		(111)
Other expense	—		357		357


Interest income	279		—		279
Income tax (expense) benefit	(29,651)		(62)		(29,713)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period	87,836		184		88,020
Balance September 30, 2019	$	12,194	$	(49,146)	$	(36,953)


($ in Thousands)	Investments Securities Available For Sale		Defined Benefit Pension and Post Retirement Obligations		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance June 30, 2020	$	34,101	$	(36,021)	$	(1,920)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	5,840		—		5,840
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Investment securities losses (gains), net	(7)		—		(7)
Personnel expense	—		(36)		(36)
Other expense	—		1,313		1,313


Interest income	1,296		—		1,296
Income tax (expense) benefit	(1,786)		(703)		(2,489)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period	5,342		573		5,916
Balance September 30, 2020	$	39,443	$	(35,448)	$	3,995

Balance June 30, 2019	$	(9,773)	$	(49,290)	$	(59,063)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	33,173		—		33,173
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Investment securities loss (gain), net	(3,788)		—		(3,788)
Personnel expense	—		(36)		(36)
Other expense	—		229		229


Interest income	(8)		—		(8)
Income tax (expense) benefit	(7,410)		(49)		(7,458)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period	21,967		144		22,111
Balance September 30, 2019	$	12,194	$	(49,146)	$	(36,953)

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Note 17 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with the Corporation's customer are satisfied. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is received at or shortly after the satisfaction of the performance obligation.

The Corporation's disaggregated revenue by major source is presented below:


	Corporate and Commercial Specialty
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Wealth management fees(a)	$	21,152	$	20,313	$	61,496	$	59,828
Service charges and deposit account fees	4,458		3,307		12,316		10,113
Card-based fees(b)	474		451		1,216		1,341
Insurance commissions and fees	57		109		179		283
Other revenue	1,400		690		2,481		1,743
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)	$	27,541	$	24,870	$	77,688	$	73,308
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)	9,864		8,801		33,566		27,827
Total Noninterest Income	$	37,405	$	33,671	$	111,254	$	101,135



	Community, Consumer, and Business
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Wealth management fees(a)	$	—	$	792	$	1,387	$	2,148
Service charges and deposit account fees	9,816		13,243		28,653		36,945
Card-based fees(b)	9,699		10,004		27,392		28,490
Insurance commissions and fees	55		20,842		44,965		69,110
Other revenue	2,168		2,441		7,315		7,057
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)	$	21,738	$	47,322	$	109,712	$	143,750
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)	11,220		12,612		30,730		27,533
Total Noninterest Income	$	32,958	$	59,934	$	140,442	$	171,283


	Risk Management and Shared Services
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Wealth management fees(a)	$	—	$	(90)	$	—	$	(90)
Service charges and deposit account fees	10		12		19		44
Card-based fees(b)	34		45		127		143
Insurance commissions and fees	2		3		8		10
Other revenue	(82)		252		(33)		690
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)	$	(36)	$	222	$	121	$	797
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)(c)	5,218		7,023		176,525		14,675
Total Noninterest Income	$	5,182	$	7,245	$	176,646	$	15,472



	Consolidated Total
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019

Wealth management fees(a)	$	21,152	$	21,015	$	62,884	$	61,885
Service charges and deposit account fees	14,283		16,561		40,989		47,102
Card-based fees(b)	10,207		10,501		28,735		29,973
Insurance commissions and fees	114		20,954		45,153		69,403
Other revenue	3,487		3,383		9,763		9,490
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)	$	49,243	$	72,414	$	187,521	$	217,853
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)(c)	26,302		28,436		240,821		70,037
Total Noninterest Income	$	75,545	$	100,850	$	428,342	$	287,890

(a) Includes trust, asset management, brokerage, and annuity fees.

(b) Certain card-based fees are out-of-scope of Topic 606.

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Below is a listing of performance obligations for the Corporation's main revenue streams:


Revenue Stream						Noninterest income in-scope of Topic 606

Service charges and deposit account fees						Service charges and deposit account fees consist of monthly service fees (i.e. business analyzed fees and consumer service charges) and other deposit account related fees. The Corporation's performance obligation for monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Other deposit account related fees are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Corporation's performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges and deposit account fees are primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.
Card-based fees(a)						Card-based fees are primarily comprised of debit and credit card income, ATM fees, and merchant services income. Debit and credit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Corporation's debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks. ATM and merchant fees are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Corporation's performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.
Trust and asset management fees(b)						Trust and asset management income is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Corporation's performance obligation is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon the month-end market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to the customers’ accounts. The Corporation's performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time (i.e., as incurred). Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.
Brokerage commissions and fees(b)						Brokerage commissions and fees primarily consist of investment advisory, brokerage, retirement services, and annuities. The Corporation's performance obligation for investment advisory services and retirement services is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the services are provided. The performance obligation for annuities is satisfied upon sale of the annuity, and therefore, the related revenue is primarily recognized at the time of sale. Payments for these services are typically received immediately or in advance of the service.

(a) Certain card-based fees are out-of-scope of Topic 606.

(b) Trust and asset management fees and brokerage commissions and fees are included in wealth management fees.

Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations

The Corporation's contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. We generally determine standalone selling prices based on the expected cost plus margin.

Practical Expedients

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

Using the practical expedient, for contracts with a term of one year or less, the Corporation recognizes incremental costs of obtaining those contracts as an expense when incurred.

Note 18 Leases

The Corporation has operating leases for retail and corporate offices, land, and equipment. The Corporation also has finance leases for land.

These operating leases have original terms of 1 year or longer with remaining maturities up to 42 years, some of which include options to extend the lease term. An analysis of the lease options has been completed and any purchase options or optional periods that the Corporation is reasonably likely to extend have been included in the capitalization.

The discount rate used to capitalize the operating leases is the Corporation's FHLB borrowing rate on the date of lease commencement. When determining the rate to discount specific lease obligations, the repayment period and term are considered.

Operating and finance lease costs and cash flows resulting from these leases are presented below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Operating Lease Costs(a)	$	3,970	$	2,708	$	9,224	$	8,502
Finance Lease Costs	39		—		115		—
Operating Lease Cash Flows	2,871		2,968		8,303		8,538
Finance Lease Cash Flows	40		—		82		—

(a) During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Corporation recognized approximately $1.5 million of operating lease costs associated with breaking leases on consolidating branches.

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The lease classifications on the consolidated balance sheets were as follows:


($ in Thousands)	Consolidated Balance Sheets Category	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
		Amount
Operating lease right-of-use asset	Premises and equipment	$	35,963	$	45,381
Finance lease right-of-use asset	Other assets	1,069		2,188
Operating lease liability	Accrued expenses and other liabilities	40,833		49,292
Finance lease liability	Other long-term funding	1,165		2,209

The lease payment obligations, weighted-average remaining lease term, and weighted-average discount rate were as follows:


	September 30, 2020					December 31, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Lease payments		Weighted-average lease term (in years)	Weighted-average discount rate		Lease payments		Weighted-average lease term (in years)	Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases
Equipment	$	386	2.74	0.47	%	$	46	0.83	2.72	%
Retail and corporate offices	38,593		5.90	3.07	%	48,940		6.49	3.34	%
Land	6,650		9.09	3.35	%	6,594		9.57	3.21	%
Total operating leases	$	45,630	6.32	3.28	%	$	55,580	6.83	3.32	%
Finance leases
Land	$	1,185	1.89	1.05	%	$	4,827	39.67	3.99	%
Total finance leases	$	1,185	1.89	1.05	%	$	4,827	39.67	3.99	%

Contractual lease payment obligations for each of the next five years and thereafter, in addition to a reconciliation to the Corporation’s lease liability, were as follows:


($ in Thousands)	Operating Leases		Finance Leases		Amount
Three Months Ending December 31, 2020	$	2,675	$	40	$	2,715
2021	10,158		172		10,330
2022	7,801		973		8,774
2023	5,559		—		5,559
2024	4,793		—		4,793
Beyond 2024	14,643		—		14,643
Total lease payments	$	45,630	$	1,185	$	46,815
Less: interest	4,797		20		4,817
Present value of lease payments	$	40,833	$	1,165	$	41,998

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, additional operating leases, primarily retail and corporate offices, that have not yet commenced total $18 million and $16 million, respectively. These operating leases will commence between October 2020 and October 2023 with lease terms of 1 years to 6 years.

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ITEM 2.			Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains statements that may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe-harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, such as statements other than historical facts contained or incorporated by reference into this report. These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business, including statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “believes,” “expects,” or “anticipates,” references to estimates or similar expressions. Future filings by the Corporation with the SEC, and future statements other than historical facts contained in written material, press releases and oral statements issued by, or on behalf of the Corporation may also constitute forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements contained in this report or which may be contained in future statements made for or on behalf of the Corporation are based upon information available at the time the statement is made and the Corporation assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by federal securities law. Forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, and the Corporation’s actual results may differ materially from the expected results discussed in such forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause actual results to differ from the results discussed in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the risk factors in Item 1A, Risk Factors, in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, in the Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, in Item 1A of Part 2 herein, and as may be described from time to time in the Corporation’s subsequent SEC filings.

Overview

The following discussion and analysis is presented to assist in the understanding and evaluation of the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations. It is intended to complement the unaudited consolidated financial statements, footnotes, and supplemental financial data appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction therewith. Management continually evaluates strategic acquisition opportunities and various other strategic alternatives that could involve the sale or acquisition of branches or other assets, or the consolidation or creation of subsidiaries. Within the tables presented, certain columns and rows may not sum due to the use of rounded numbers for disclosure purposes.

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Performance Summary

•Average loans of $24.5 billion increased $1.3 billion, or 5%, compared to the first nine months of 2019, driven by an increase in PPP and CRE loans.

•Average deposits of $25.8 billion increased $814 million, or 3%, from the first nine months of 2019, driven primarily by government stimulus related inflows.

•Net interest income of $575 million decreased $61 million, or 10%, from the first nine months of 2019 and net interest margin was 2.54% compared to 2.86% for the first nine months of 2019 primarily due to a lower interest rate environment. The Corporation expects the fourth quarter 2020 margin to be approximately 2.50%.

•Provision for credit losses was $157 million, compared to provision of $16 million for the first nine months of 2019.

•Noninterest income of $428 million was up $140 million, or 49%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily due to a $163 million gain on the sale of ABRC during the second quarter of 2020 partially offset by decreased insurance revenue resulting from the sale of the business. The Corporation expects to see a continued positive trend in fee revenue through the end of 2020.

•Noninterest expense of $603 million increased $13 million, or 2%, from the first nine months of 2019 driven by the $45 million loss on prepayment of FHLB advances partially offset by a $32 million reduction in personnel expense. The Corporation expects noninterest expense of $175 million, including $3 million of restructuring costs, for the fourth quarter of 2020 and expects full year 2021 expenses to be $685 million.

Table 1 Summary Results of Operations: Trends


	YTD
($ in Thousands, except per share data)	September 30, 2020			September 30, 2019			3Q20		2Q20			1Q20			4Q19			3Q19
Net income	$	239,769		$	254,686		$	45,214	$	148,718		$	45,838		$	72,103		$	83,339
Net income available to common equity	226,618			243,285			40,007		144,573			42,037			68,303			79,539
Earnings per common share - basic	1.47			1.49			0.26		0.94			0.27			0.43			0.50
Earnings per common share - diluted	1.46			1.48			0.26		0.94			0.27			0.43			0.49
Effective tax rate	1.37		%	19.67		%	N/M		25.62		%	18.23		%	19.41		%	20.09		%

N/M = Not Meaningful

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Income Statement Analysis

Net Interest Income

Table 2 Net Interest Income Analysis


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020						2019
($ in Thousands)	Average Balance		Interest Income / Expense		Average Yield / Rate		Average Balance		Interest Income / Expense		Average Yield / Rate
Assets
Earning assets
Loans(a)(b)(c)
Commercial PPP lending	$	624,305	$	11,012	2.36	%	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial and business lending (excl PPP loans)	8,774,616		201,265		3.06	%	8,500,475		299,621		4.71	%
Commercial real estate lending	5,695,281		147,909		3.47	%	5,135,447		196,005		5.10	%
Total commercial	15,094,201		360,187		3.19	%	13,635,922		495,626		4.86	%
Residential mortgage	8,244,116		194,521		3.15	%	8,360,481		215,329		3.43	%
Retail	1,150,916		45,621		5.29	%	1,240,793		58,517		6.29	%
Total loans	24,489,234		600,329		3.27	%	23,237,195		769,472		4.42	%
Investment securities
Taxable	3,343,083		50,064		2.00	%	4,507,586		79,248		2.34	%
Tax-exempt(a)	1,939,968		55,026		3.78	%	1,902,768		53,687		3.76	%
Other short-term investments	1,095,555		7,774		0.95	%	523,010		13,086		3.34	%
Investments and other	6,378,606		112,864		2.36	%	6,933,364		146,022		2.81	%
Total earning assets	30,867,840		$	713,193	3.08	%	30,170,560		$	915,493	4.05	%
Other assets, net	3,460,967						3,167,352
Total assets	$	34,328,806					$	33,337,911
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits
Savings	$	3,198,244	$	2,610	0.11	%	$	2,347,428	$	5,000	0.28	%
Interest-bearing demand	5,530,482		11,281		0.27	%	5,061,561		45,284		1.20	%
Money market	6,499,965		14,152		0.29	%	7,144,999		60,509		1.13	%
Network transaction deposits	1,502,449		5,750		0.51	%	2,003,179		36,228		2.42	%
Time deposits	2,412,985		26,083		1.44	%	3,257,930		44,388		1.82	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	19,144,126		59,877		0.42	%	19,815,097		191,408		1.29	%
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase	179,615		454		0.34	%	124,428		1,058		1.14	%
Commercial paper	38,064		35		0.12	%	33,610		113		0.45	%
PPPLF	599,368		1,574		0.35	%	—		—		—	%
Other short-term funding	5,645		11		0.25	%	—		—		—	%
FHLB advances	2,829,680		47,471		2.24	%	3,172,606		53,194		2.24	%
Long-term funding	549,088		16,780		4.07	%	796,165		22,196		3.72	%
Total short and long-term funding	4,201,461		66,325		2.11	%	4,126,810		76,560		2.48	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	23,345,586		$	126,201	0.72	%	23,941,907		$	267,969	1.50	%
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	6,618,058						5,133,573
Other liabilities	457,195						404,941
Stockholders’ equity	3,907,966						3,857,490
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	34,328,806					$	33,337,911
Interest rate spread					2.36	%					2.55	%
Net free funds					0.18	%					0.31	%
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income and net interest margin ("NIM")			$	586,992	2.54	%			$	647,525	2.86	%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment			12,028						11,993
Net interest income			$	574,964					$	635,532

(a) The yield on tax-exempt loans and securities is computed on a fully tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 21% and is net of the effects of certain disallowed interest deductions.

(b) Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale have been included in the average balances.

(c) Interest income includes amortization of net deferred loan origination costs and net accreted purchase loan discount.

Table of Contents

Table 2 Net Interest Income Analysis


	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						September 30, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Average Balance		Interest Income / Expense		Average Yield / Rate		Average Balance		Interest Income / Expense		Average Yield / Rate		Average Balance		Interest Income / Expense		Average Yield / Rate
Assets
Earning assets
Loans(a)(b)(c)
Commercial PPP lending	$	1,019,808	$	6,172	2.41	%	$	848,761	$	4,841	2.29	%	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial and business lending (excl PPP loans)	8,751,083		56,951		2.59	%	9,192,910		64,097		2.80	%	8,502,268		96,327		4.49	%
Commercial real estate lending	6,032,308		44,354		2.93	%	5,720,262		46,057		3.24	%	5,157,031		64,058		4.92	%
Total commercial	15,803,199		107,476		2.71	%	15,761,933		114,995		2.93	%	13,659,299		160,386		4.66	%
Residential mortgage	8,058,283		61,701		3.06	%	8,271,757		62,860		3.04	%	8,337,230		68,656		3.29	%
Retail	1,101,589		13,780		4.99	%	1,157,116		14,368		4.98	%	1,255,540		20,066		6.38	%
Total loans	24,963,071		182,957		2.92	%	25,190,806		192,223		3.06	%	23,252,068		249,108		4.26	%
Investment securities
Taxable	3,438,858		13,689		1.59	%	3,129,113		16,103		2.06	%	4,032,027		23,485		2.33	%
Tax-exempt(a)	1,923,445		18,154		3.78	%	1,922,392		18,270		3.80	%	1,918,661		18,114		3.78	%
Other short-term investments	1,788,471		2,238		0.50	%	1,016,976		2,231		0.88	%	619,334		4,865		3.12	%
Investments and other	7,150,775		34,081		1.90	%	6,068,481		36,604		2.41	%	6,570,022		46,464		2.83	%
Total earning assets	32,113,847		$	217,038	2.70	%	31,259,287		$	228,826	2.94	%	29,822,090		$	295,572	3.94	%
Other assets, net	3,436,512						3,586,656						3,331,910
Total assets	$	35,550,359					$	34,845,943					$	33,154,000
Liabilities and Stockholders' equity
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits
Savings	$	3,462,942	$	382	0.04	%	$	3,260,040	$	429	0.05	%	$	2,618,188	$	2,164	0.33	%
Interest-bearing demand	5,835,597		1,085		0.07	%	5,445,267		1,442		0.11	%	5,452,674		16,055		1.17	%
Money market	6,464,784		1,444		0.09	%	6,496,841		1,902		0.12	%	6,933,230		18,839		1.08	%
Network transaction deposits	1,528,199		609		0.16	%	1,544,737		539		0.14	%	1,764,961		10,147		2.28	%
Time deposits	2,135,870		6,513		1.21	%	2,469,899		8,866		1.44	%	3,107,670		14,381		1.84	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	19,427,392		10,033		0.21	%	19,216,785		13,178		0.28	%	19,876,723		61,585		1.23	%
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase	140,321		34		0.10	%	204,548		51		0.10	%	81,285		145		0.71	%
Commercial paper	42,338		5		0.05	%	37,526		5		0.05	%	28,721		30		0.41	%
PPPLF	1,018,994		899		0.35	%	774,500		676		0.35	%	—		—		—	%

FHLB advances	2,450,344		14,375		2.33	%	2,810,867		15,470		2.21	%	2,716,946		15,896		2.32	%
Long-term funding	549,042		5,580		4.06	%	548,757		5,593		4.08	%	796,561		7,398		3.71	%
Total short and long-term funding	4,201,039		20,892		1.98	%	4,376,199		21,795		2.00	%	3,623,513		23,469		2.58	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	23,628,431		$	30,925	0.52	%	23,592,983		$	34,973	0.60	%	23,500,235		$	85,054	1.44	%
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	7,412,186						6,926,401						5,324,481
Other liabilities	475,310						480,041						425,810
Stockholders’ Equity	4,034,432						3,846,517						3,903,474
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	35,550,359					$	34,845,943					$	33,154,000
Interest rate spread					2.18	%					2.34	%					2.50	%
Net free funds					0.13	%					0.15	%					0.31	%
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income and net interest margin ("NIM")			$	186,112	2.31	%			$	193,853	2.49	%			$	210,517	2.81	%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment			3,963						3,981						4,152
Net interest income			$	182,150					$	189,872					$	206,365

(a) The yield on tax-exempt loans and securities is computed on a fully tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 21% and is net of the effects of certain disallowed interest deductions.

(b) Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale have been included in the average balances.

(c) Interest income includes amortization of net deferred loan origination costs and net accreted purchase loan discount.

Table of Contents

Notable Contributions to the Change in Net Interest Income

• Average loans of $24.5 billion increased $1.3 billion, or 5%, compared to the first nine months of 2019 primarily driven by PPP loan originations beginning in April, which increased average loans by $624 million. In addition, CRE loans increased $560 million, or 11%, from the first nine months of 2019 driven by the continued funding of loans previously in the pipeline and slowed loan payoffs.

•Taxable investment securities decreased $1.2 billion, or 26%, as the Corporation repositioned its balance sheet in a lower rate environment.

•Net interest income on the consolidated statements of income (which excludes the fully tax-equivalent adjustment) was $575 million for the first nine months of 2020 compared to $636 million for the first nine months of 2019. Fully tax-equivalent net interest income of $587 million for the first nine months of 2020 was $61 million, or 9%, lower than the first nine months of 2019. The net interest margin for the first nine months of 2020 was 2.54% compared to 2.86% for the first nine months of 2019. The decreases were attributable to a lower interest rate environment and increased liquidity primarily due to deposit growth related to government stimulus money. To lessen the impact of the lower rate environment, the Corporation began requiring LIBOR floors in all applicable loan restructurings, renewals of existing loan transactions, and any new loan transactions. See sections Interest Rate Risk and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk for a discussion of interest rate risk and market risk.

• Average interest-bearing liabilities of $23.3 billion for the first nine months of 2020 were down $596 million, or 2%, versus the first nine months of 2019. On average, interest-bearing deposits decreased $671 million, or 3%, primarily driven by decreases in higher cost deposits such as network, time and money market accounts. Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits of $6.6 billion for the first nine months of 2020 were up $1.5 billion, or 29% versus the first nine months of 2019. This increase is primarily attributed to customers holding proceeds from government stimulus programs in their deposit accounts. On the funding side, PPPLF funding increased $599 million, partially offset by a decrease in long-term funding of $247 million, or 31%, primarily due to the redemption of $250 million of senior notes in October 2019.

• The cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 0.72% for the first nine months of 2020, which was 78 bp lower than the first nine months of 2019. The decrease was primarily due to a 87 bp decrease in the cost of average interest-bearing deposits to 0.42%, primarily attributed to the federal funds rate decreases over the last year.

•The Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds target interest rate by 175 bp since the end of the third quarter of 2019, to a range of 0.00% to 0.25%, at the end of the third quarter of 2020, compared to a range of 1.75% to 2.00% at the end of the third quarter of 2019.

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses is predominantly a function of the Corporation’s reserving methodology and judgments as to other qualitative and quantitative factors used to determine the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments, which focuses on changes in the size and character of the loan portfolio, changes in levels of individually evaluated and other nonaccrual loans, historical losses and delinquencies in each portfolio category, the level of loans sold or transferred to held for sale, the risk inherent in specific loans, concentrations of loans to specific borrowers or industries, existing economic conditions and economic forecasts, the fair value of underlying collateral, and other factors which could affect potential credit losses. The forecast the Corporation used for September 30, 2020 was the Moody's baseline scenario from September 2020 over a 1 year reasonable and supportable period with immediate reversion to historical losses. See additional discussion under the sections titled, Loans, Credit Risk, Nonperforming Assets, and Allowance for Credit Losses.

Table of Contents

Noninterest Income

Table 3 Noninterest Income


	YTD																3Q20 Change vs
($ in Thousands, except as noted)	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		YTD % Change		3Q20		2Q20		1Q20		4Q19		3Q19		2Q20		3Q19
Wealth management fees(a)	$	62,884	$	61,885	2	%	$	21,152	$	20,916	$	20,816	$	21,582	$	21,015	1	%	1	%
Service charges and deposit account fees	40,989		47,102		(13)	%	14,283		11,484		15,222		16,032		16,561		24	%	(14)	%
Card-based fees	28,685		29,848		(4)	%	10,195		8,893		9,597		9,906		10,456		15	%	(2)	%
Other fee-based revenue	14,240		14,246		—	%	4,968		4,774		4,497		4,696		5,085		4	%	(2)	%
Total fee-based revenue	146,798		153,082		(4)	%	50,598		46,068		50,132		52,217		53,117		10	%	(5)	%
Capital markets, net	22,067		12,215		81	%	7,222		6,910		7,935		7,647		4,300		5	%	68	%
Mortgage servicing fees, net(b)	324		8,037		(96)	%	(957)		(781)		2,062		2,104		2,473		23	%	N/M
Gains (losses) and fair value adjustments on loans held for sale	45,267		12,803		N/M		14,536		20,976		9,756		4,542		4,043		(31)	%	N/M
Fair value adjustment on portfolio loans transferred to held for sale	3,932		4,456		(12)	%	509		—		3,423		—		4,456		N/M		(89)	%
Mortgage servicing rights (impairment) recovery	(18,481)		(177)		N/M		(1,451)		(7,932)		(9,098)		114		(31)		(82)	%	N/M
Mortgage banking, net	31,043		25,118		24	%	12,636		12,263		6,143		6,760		10,940		3	%	16	%
Bank and corporate owned life insurance	9,793		11,482		(15)	%	3,074		3,625		3,094		3,364		4,337		(15)	%	(29)	%
Insurance commissions and fees	45,153		69,403		(35)	%	114		22,430		22,608		19,701		20,954		(99)	%	(99)	%
Other	7,321		8,344		(12)	%	2,232		2,737		2,352		2,822		2,537		(18)	%	(12)	%
Subtotal	262,175		279,644		(6)	%	75,877		94,034		92,264		92,510		96,185		(19)	%	(21)	%
Asset gains (losses), net(c)	156,945		2,316		N/M		(339)		157,361		(77)		398		877		(100)	%	(139)	%
Investment securities gains(losses), net	9,222		5,931		55	%	7		3,096		6,118		26		3,788		(100)	%	(100)	%
Total noninterest income	$	428,342	$	287,890	49	%	$	75,545	$	254,490	$	98,306	$	92,934	$	100,850	(70)	%	(25)	%
Mortgage loans originated for sale during period	$	1,319,034	$	824,289	60	%	$	458,361	$	550,419	$	310,254	$	266,503	$	365,108	(17)	%	26	%
Mortgage loan settlements during period	1,620,777		1,048,729		55	%	598,509		725,003		297,265		268,348		616,630		(17)	%	(3)	%
Mortgage portfolio loans transferred to held for sale during period	269,119		242,382		11	%	69,532		—		199,587		—		242,382		N/M		(71)	%
Assets under management, at market value(d)	12,195		11,604		5	%	12,195		11,755		10,454		12,104		11,604		4	%	5	%

N/M = Not Meaningful

(a) Includes trust, asset management, brokerage, and annuity fees.

(b) Includes mortgage origination and servicing fees, net of mortgage servicing rights amortization.

(c) YTD September 30, 2020 and 2Q20 include a gain of $163 million from the sale of ABRC. YTD September 30, 2019 include less than $1 million of Huntington related asset losses.

(d) $ in millions. Excludes assets held in brokerage accounts.

Notable Contributions to the Change in Noninterest Income

•Insurance commission and fees was down $24 million, or 35% from the first nine months of 2019, driven by the sale of ABRC during the second quarter of 2020.

•Asset gains (losses), net was up $155 million from the first nine months of 2019, driven by a gain of $163 million from the sale of ABRC.

•Capital markets, net was up $10 million, or 81%, from the first nine months of 2019, driven by higher interest rate swap fees.

•Mortgage banking, net was up $6 million, or 24%, from the first nine months of 2019. During the first nine months of 2020, there was a $32 million increase in gains and fair value adjustments on loans held for sale driven by higher refinance activity due to the lower rate environment, partially offset by an increase of $18 million in MSRs impairment driven by lower rates.

•Service charges and deposit account fees was down $6 million, or 13%, from the first nine months of 2019 due to fee waivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Corporation resumed charging these fees during the third quarter of 2020.

Table of Contents

Noninterest Expense

Table 4 Noninterest Expense


	YTD																3Q20 Change vs
($ in Thousands)	Sept 30, 2020		Sept 30, 2019		YTD % Change		3Q20		2Q20		1Q20		4Q19		3Q19		2Q20		3Q19
Personnel	$	334,117	$	366,449	(9)	%	$	108,567	$	111,350	$	114,200	$	120,614	$	123,170	(2)	%	(12)	%
Technology	61,639		59,698		3	%	19,666		21,174		20,799		22,731		20,572		(7)	%	(4)	%
Occupancy	48,386		45,466		6	%	17,854		14,464		16,069		16,933		15,164		23	%	18	%
Business development and advertising	13,007		21,284		(39)	%	3,626		3,556		5,826		8,316		7,991		2	%	(55)	%
Equipment	16,150		17,580		(8)	%	5,399		5,312		5,439		5,970		6,335		2	%	(15)	%
Legal and professional	15,809		14,342		10	%	5,591		5,058		5,160		5,559		5,724		11	%	(2)	%
Loan and foreclosure costs	8,842		5,599		58	%	2,118		3,605		3,120		3,262		1,638		(41)	%	29	%
FDIC assessment	14,650		12,250		20	%	3,900		5,250		5,500		4,000		4,000		(26)	%	(3)	%
Other intangible amortization	7,939		7,237		10	%	2,253		2,872		2,814		2,712		2,686		(22)	%	(16)	%
Acquisition related costs(a)	2,457		5,995		(59)	%	218		518		1,721		1,325		1,629		(58)	%	(87)	%
Loss on prepayments of FHLB advances	44,650		—		N/M		44,650		—		—		—		—		N/M		N/M
Other	35,537		34,479		3	%	13,745		10,249		11,543		12,187		12,021		34	%	14	%
Total noninterest expense	$	603,184	$	590,380	2	%	$	227,587	$	183,407	$	192,191	$	203,609	$	200,930	24	%	13	%
Average full-time equivalent employees(b)	4,568		4,703		(3)	%	4,374		4,701		4,631		4,696		4,782		(7)	%	(9)	%

(a) Includes Huntington branch and First Staunton acquisition related costs only

(b) Average full-time equivalent employees without overtime

Notable Contributions to the Change in Noninterest Expense

•Personnel expense decreased $32 million, or 9%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by a decrease in funding for the management incentive plan.

•Business development and advertising expense decreased $8 million, or 39%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by reductions in travel and entertainment costs and special event sponsorships, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

•Loan and foreclosure costs increased $3 million, or 58%, from the first nine months of 2019, driven by an increase in legal fees pertaining to loan collections due to fewer recoveries of previous expenses during 2020.

•During the third quarter of 2020, the Corporation prepaid $950 million of long-term FHLB advances and incurred a loss of $45 million on the prepayment.

Income Taxes

The Corporation recognized income tax expense of $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to income tax expense of $62 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Corporation's effective tax rate was 1.37% for the first nine months of 2020, compared to an effective tax rate of 19.67% for the first nine months of 2019. The lower effective tax rate and income tax expense during the first nine months of 2020 was primarily driven by tax planning strategies which allowed for the recognition of built in capital losses and tax basis step-up yielding a tax benefit of $63 million, partially offset by the gain on sale of ABRC. These tax planning strategies were successfully completed in the third quarter of 2020. With the successful completion of these tax planning strategies, we expect the full year 2020 effective tax rate to be in the low to mid-single digits.

Income tax expense recorded on the consolidated statements of income involves the interpretation and application of certain accounting pronouncements and federal and state tax laws and regulations, and is, therefore, considered a critical accounting policy. The Corporation is subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Examination by taxing authorities may impact the amount of tax expense and / or reserve for uncertainty in income taxes if their interpretations differ from those of management, based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examinations. See section Critical Accounting Policies, in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information on income taxes.

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Balance Sheet Analysis

•At September 30, 2020, total assets were $34.7 billion, up $2.3 billion, or 7%, from December 31, 2019 and up $2.1 billion, or 6%, from September 30, 2019.

•Loans of $25.0 billion at September 30, 2020 were up $2.2 billion, or 10%, from both December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 partially driven by a $1.0 billion increase in PPP loans originated largely during the second quarter of 2020. In addition, the Corporation saw an increase in CRE loans. The Corporation added $370 million in loans from the First Staunton acquisition during the first quarter of 2020. See Note 7 Loans for additional details.

•At September 30, 2020, total deposits of $26.7 billion were up $2.9 billion, or 12%, from December 31, 2019 and were up $2.3 billion, or 9%, from September 30, 2019. During the first quarter of 2020, the Corporation assumed $439 million of deposits from the First Staunton acquisition. In addition, the balance increases were primarily due to customers holding proceeds from government stimulus programs in their deposit accounts. See section Deposits and Customer Funding for additional information on deposits.

•At September 30, 2020, FHLB advances of $1.7 billion decreased $1.5 billion, or 46%, from December 31, 2019 and $1.2 billion, or 41%, from September 30, 2019, primarily driven by the Corporation's prepayment of $950 million in long-term FHLB advances during the third quarter of 2020. In addition, the Corporation saw a decrease in short-term FHLB advances. See Note 9 Short and Long-Term Funding for additional details.

•At September 30, 2020, PPPLF was $1.0 billion largely due to the funding of PPP loans during the second quarter of 2020. See Note 9 Short and Long-Term Funding for additional details.

•On January 1, 2020, the Corporation adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective approach which resulted in an increase to the allowance for loan losses of $112 million and an increase to the allowance for unfunded commitments of $19 million for a total increase to the ACLL of $131 million. A corresponding after tax decrease to common equity of $98 million was recorded along with a deferred tax asset of $33 million.

•At September 30, 2020, preferred equity was $354 million, up $97 million, or 38%, from both December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019. On June 9, 2020, the Corporation issued $100 million, or $97 million net of issuance costs, of 5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series F.

Loans

Table 5 Period End Loan Composition


	September 30, 2020				June 30, 2020				March 31, 2020				December 31, 2019				September 30, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total
PPP	$	1,022,217	4	%	$	1,012,033	4	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial and industrial	7,933,404		32	%	7,968,709		32	%	8,517,974		35	%	7,354,594		32	%	7,495,623		33	%
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	904,997		4	%	914,385		4	%	940,687		4	%	911,265		4	%	915,524		4	%
Commercial and business lending	9,860,618		39	%	9,895,127		40	%	9,458,661		39	%	8,265,858		36	%	8,411,147		37	%
Commercial real estate — investor	4,320,926		17	%	4,174,125		17	%	4,038,036		17	%	3,794,517		17	%	3,803,277		17	%
Real estate construction	1,859,609		7	%	1,708,189		7	%	1,544,858		6	%	1,420,900		6	%	1,356,508		6	%
Commercial real estate lending	6,180,536		25	%	5,882,314		24	%	5,582,894		23	%	5,215,417		23	%	5,159,784		23	%
Total commercial	16,041,154		64	%	15,777,441		64	%	15,041,555		62	%	13,481,275		59	%	13,570,932		60	%
Residential mortgage	7,885,523		32	%	7,933,518		32	%	8,132,417		33	%	8,136,980		36	%	7,954,801		35	%


Home Equity	761,593		3	%	795,671		3	%	844,901		3	%	852,025		4	%	879,642		4	%
Other consumer	315,483		1	%	326,040		1	%	346,761		1	%	351,159		2	%	349,335		2	%
Total consumer	8,962,599		36	%	9,055,230		36	%	9,324,079		38	%	9,340,164		41	%	9,183,778		40	%
Total loans	$	25,003,753	100	%	$	24,832,671	100	%	$	24,365,633	100	%	$	22,821,440	100	%	$	22,754,710	100	%

The Corporation has long-term guidelines relative to the proportion of Commercial and Business, Commercial Real Estate, and Consumer loans within the overall loan portfolio, with each targeted to represent 30-40% of the overall loan portfolio. The targeted long-term guidelines were unchanged during 2019 and the first nine months of 2020. Furthermore, certain sub-asset classes within the respective portfolios are further defined and dollar limitations are placed on these sub-portfolios. These

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guidelines and limits are reviewed quarterly and approved annually by the Enterprise Risk Committee of the Corporation’s Board of Directors. These guidelines and limits are designed to create balance and diversification within the loan portfolios.

The Corporation’s loan distribution and interest rate sensitivity as of September 30, 2020 are summarized in the following table:

Table 6 Loan Distribution and Interest Rate Sensitivity


($ in Thousands)	Within 1 Year(a)		1-5 Years		After 5 Years		Total		% of Total
PPP	$	—	$	1,022,217	$	—	$	1,022,217	4	%
Commercial and industrial	7,377,493		441,045		114,867		7,933,404		32	%
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	479,130		242,001		183,866		904,997		4	%
Commercial real estate — investor	3,894,842		330,267		95,816		4,320,926		17	%
Real estate construction	1,786,215		58,198		15,196		1,859,609		7	%
Residential Mortgage - Adjustable(b)	591,957		1,880,665		2,015,084		4,487,706		18	%
Residential Mortgage - Fixed	44,429		83,413		3,269,974		3,397,817		14	%
Home Equity	34,463		106,261		620,870		761,593		3	%
Other Consumer	39,701		60,774		215,008		315,483		1	%
Total Loans	$	14,248,230	$	4,224,842	$	6,530,682	$	25,003,753	100	%
Fixed rate	$	5,841,503	$	2,082,450	$	3,860,305	$	11,784,258	47	%
Floating or adjustable rate	8,406,726		2,142,392		2,670,377		13,219,495		53	%
Total	$	14,248,230	$	4,224,842	$	6,530,682	$	25,003,753	100	%

(a) Demand loans, past due loans, overdrafts, and credit cards are reported in the “Within 1 Year” category.

(b) Based on contractual loan terms for adjustable rate mortgages; does not factor in early prepayments or amortization.

At September 30, 2020, $19.1 billion, or 76%, of the loans outstanding were floating rate, adjustable rate, re-pricing within one year, or maturing within one year.

Credit Risk

An active credit risk management process is used for commercial loans to ensure that sound and consistent credit decisions are made. Credit risk is controlled by detailed underwriting procedures, comprehensive loan administration, and periodic review of borrowers’ outstanding loans and commitments. Borrower relationships are formally reviewed and graded on an ongoing basis for early identification of potential problems. Further analysis by customer, industry, and geographic location are performed to monitor trends, financial performance, and concentrations. See Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on managing overall credit quality.

The loan portfolio is widely diversified by types of borrowers, industry groups, and market areas within the Corporation's branch footprint. Significant loan concentrations are considered to exist when there are amounts loaned to numerous borrowers engaged in similar activities that would cause them to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions. At September 30, 2020, no significant concentrations existed in the Corporation’s portfolio in excess of 10% of total loans.

Commercial and business lending: The commercial and business lending classification primarily includes commercial loans to large corporations, middle market companies, small businesses, and lease financing.

Table 7 Largest Commercial and Business Lending Industry Group Exposures


September 30, 2020	% of Total Loans		% of Total Commercial and Business Lending
Power and Utilities	7	%	18	%
Manufacturing and Wholesale Trade	7	%	17	%
Finance and Insurance	7	%	17	%
Real Estate	5	%	12	%

The remaining commercial and business lending portfolio is spread over a diverse range of industries, none of which exceed 2% of total loans.

The credit risk related to commercial loans is largely influenced by general economic conditions and the resulting impact on a borrower’s operations or on the value of underlying collateral, if any. Currently, a higher risk segment of the commercial and business lending portfolio is loans to borrowers supporting oil and gas exploration and production, which are further discussed under oil and gas lending below.

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Oil and gas lending: The Corporation provided reserve based loans to oil and gas exploration and production firms. The oil and gas portfolio is in run-off and no new oil and gas loans have been originated since February 2019. At September 30, 2020, the oil and gas portfolio was comprised of 30 credits, totaling $333 million of outstanding balances, which represents less than 2% of the Corporation's total loans. The decrease in balances from both December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 continues to be driven by a purposeful reduction in exposure to the Corporation's higher-leveraged borrowers.

The Corporation's oil and gas lending team is based in Houston and focuses on serving the funding needs of small and mid-sized companies in the upstream oil and gas business. The oil and gas loans are first lien, reserve-based, and borrowing base dependent lines of credit. The portfolio is diversified across all major U.S. geographic basins and is diversified by product line with approximately 58% in oil and 42% in gas at September 30, 2020. Borrowing base re-determinations for the portfolio are generally completed twice a year and are based on detailed engineering reports and discounted cash flow analysis.

The following table summarizes information about the Corporation's oil and gas loan portfolio.

Table 8 Oil and Gas Loan Portfolio


($ in Millions)	September 30, 2020			June 30, 2020			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			September 30, 2019
Pass	$	242		$	294		$	361		$	408		$	493
Special mention	23			24			10			9			20
Potential problem	60			63			67			43			32

Nonaccrual	8			50			29			23			36
Total oil and gas related loans	$	333		$	432		$	466		$	484		$	582
Quarter net charge offs/(recoveries)	$	20		$	25		$	9		$	10		$	21
Oil and gas related allowance for loan losses	49			82			75			12			21
Oil and gas related ACLL on loans	51			84			78			13			22
Oil and gas allowance for loan losses to total oil and gas loans	N/A			N/A			N/A			2.6		%	3.7		%
Oil and gas ACLL to total oil and gas loans	15.3		%	19.4		%	16.6		%	2.7		%	3.8		%

•The increase in the ACLL attributable to oil and gas related credits (included within the commercial and industrial ACLL) from both December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 is driven by the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within the economic models used in the new expected credit loss methodology. The decrease from June 30, 2020 was primarily due to runoff in the portfolio as the Corporation continues to reduce exposure to its higher-leveraged borrowers.

The adoption impact of ASU 2016-13 for oil and gas loans was included within the commercial and industrial line item of the adoption table in Note 3 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The following table provides a summary of the changes in the ACLL in the Corporation's oil and gas loan portfolio as a result of adopting ASU 2016-13.

Table 9 Oil and Gas Impact of Adopting ASU 2016-13


	December 31, 2019				January 1, 2020
($ in Millions)	Allowance for Loan Loss		Allowance for Unfunded Commitment		CECL Day 1 Adjustment		ACLL
Oil and Gas	$	12	$	1	$	55	$	69

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The following tables provide a summary of the changes in ACLL in the Corporation's oil and gas loan portfolio at September 30, 2020 and a summary of the changes in allowance for loan losses in the Corporation's oil and gas loan portfolio at December 31, 2019:

Table 10 Allowance for Credit Losses on Oil and Gas Loans


($ in Millions)	Dec. 31, 2019		Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)		Jan. 1, 2020		Charge offs		Recoveries		Net Charge offs		Provision for loan losses		Sep. 30, 2020		ACLL / Loans

Allowance for loan losses	$	12	$	53	$	66	$	(55)	$	2	$	(53)	$	36	$	49

Allowance for unfunded commitments	1		2		3		—		—		—		(1)		2

Allowance for credit losses on loans	$	13	$	55	$	69	$	(55)	$	2	$	(53)	$	35	$	51	15.3	%

Table 11 Allowance for Loan Losses on Oil and Gas Loans


($ in Millions)	Dec. 31, 2018		Charge offs		Recoveries		Net Charge offs		Provision for loan losses		Dec. 31, 2019

Allowance for loan losses	$	12	$	(50)	$	5	$	(44)	$	45	$	12

Commercial real estate - investor: Commercial real estate-investor is comprised of loans secured by various non-owner occupied or investor income producing property types.

Table 12 Largest Commercial Real Estate Investor Property Type Exposures


September 30, 2020	% of Total Loans		% of Total Commercial Real Estate - Investor
Multi-Family	5	%	31	%
Office	4	%	24	%
Retail	4	%	21	%
Industrial	3	%	17	%

The remaining commercial real estate-investor portfolio is spread over various other property types, none of which exceed 2% of total loans.

Credit risk is managed in a similar manner to commercial and business lending by employing sound underwriting guidelines, lending primarily to borrowers in local markets and businesses, periodically evaluating the underlying collateral, and formally reviewing the borrower’s financial soundness and relationship on an ongoing basis.

Real estate construction: Real estate construction loans are primarily short-term or interim loans that provide financing for the acquisition or development of commercial income properties, multi-family projects or residential development, both single family and condominium. Real estate construction loans are made to developers and project managers who are generally well known to the Corporation and have prior successful project experience. The credit risk associated with real estate construction loans is generally confined to specific geographic areas but is also influenced by general economic conditions. The Corporation controls the credit risk on these types of loans by making loans in familiar markets to developers, reviewing the merits of individual projects, controlling loan structure, and monitoring project progress and construction advances.

Table 13 Largest Real Estate Construction Property Type Exposures


September 30, 2020	% of Total Loans		% of Total Real Estate Construction
Multi-Family	3	%	34	%

The remaining real estate construction portfolio is spread over various other property types, none of which exceed 2% of total loans.

The Corporation’s current lending standards for commercial real estate and real estate construction lending are determined by property type and specifically address many criteria, including: maximum loan amounts, maximum LTV, requirements for pre-leasing and / or presales, minimum borrower equity, and maximum loan-to-cost. Currently, the maximum standard for LTV is 80%, with lower limits established for certain higher risk types, such as raw land that has a 50% LTV maximum. The Corporation’s LTV guidelines are in compliance with regulatory supervisory limits. In most cases, for real estate construction

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loans, the loan amounts include interest reserves, which are built into the loans and sized to fund loan payments through construction and lease up and / or sell out.

Residential mortgages: Residential mortgage loans are primarily first lien home mortgages with a maximum loan-to-collateral value without credit enhancement (e.g. private mortgage insurance) of 80%. The residential mortgage portfolio is focused primarily in the Corporation's three-state branch footprint, with approximately 88% of the outstanding loan balances in the Corporation's branch footprint at September 30, 2020. The majority of the on balance sheet residential mortgage portfolio consists of LIBOR based, hybrid, adjustable rate mortgage loans with initial fixed rate terms of 3, 5, 7, or 10 years. The rates on these mortgages adjust based upon the movement in the underlying index which is then added to a margin and rounded to the nearest 0.125%. That result is then subjected to any periodic caps to produce the borrower's interest rate for the coming term.

In 2014, the Financial Stability Oversight Council and Financial Stability Board raised concerns about the reliability and robustness of LIBOR and called for the development of alternative interest rate benchmarks. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee, through authority from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, have selected the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as the alternative rate and developed a paced transition plan which addresses the risk that LIBOR may not exist beyond the end of 2021. There are still many components of this plan which have not been fully decided or implemented in the industry. As a result, the Corporation is reaching out to borrowers offering an opportunity to refinance or modify their loan to avoid any uncertainty around the LIBOR transition. Performing borrowers can modify or refinance to a fixed interest rate or an adjustable rate mortgage tied to the one-year treasury adjusted to a constant maturity of one-year with an appropriate margin. This provides the bank and borrower with greater certainty around the loan structure.

The Corporation generally retains certain fixed-rate residential real estate mortgages in its loan portfolio, including retail and private banking jumbo mortgages and CRA-related mortgages. As part of management’s historical practice of originating and servicing residential mortgage loans, generally the Corporation’s 30 year, agency conforming, fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans have been sold in the secondary market with servicing rights retained. Subject to management’s analysis of the current interest rate environment, among other market factors, the Corporation may choose to retain 30 year mortgage loan production on its balance sheet. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Corporation sold approximately $260 million of residential portfolio loans, in order to reduce the Corporation's exposure to prepayment risk in the current low rate environment. See section Loans for additional information on loans.

The Corporation’s underwriting and risk-based pricing guidelines for residential mortgage loans include minimum borrower FICO and maximum LTV of the property securing the loan. Residential mortgage products generally are underwritten using FHLMC and FNMA secondary marketing guidelines.

Home equity: Home equity consists of both home equity lines of credit and closed-end home equity loans. The Corporation’s credit risk monitoring guidelines for home equity is based on an ongoing review of loan delinquency status, as well as a quarterly review of FICO score deterioration and property devaluation. The Corporation does not routinely obtain appraisals on performing loans to update LTV ratios after origination; however, the Corporation monitors the local housing markets by reviewing the various home price indices and incorporates the impact of the changing market conditions in its ongoing credit monitoring process. For junior lien home equity loans, the Corporation is unable to track the performance of the first lien loan if it does not own or service the first lien loan. However, the Corporation obtains a refreshed FICO score on a quarterly basis and monitors this as part of its assessment of the home equity portfolio.

The Corporation’s underwriting and risk-based pricing guidelines for home equity lines of credit and loans consist of a combination of both borrower FICO and the original cumulative LTV against the property securing the loan. During the second quarter of 2020, in the volatile economic environment, the Corporation reduced its exposure by reducing its maximum LTV on home equity lines of credit from 90% to 80%, among other changes, while maintaining the minimum acceptable FICO at 670. The Corporation's current home equity line of credit offering is priced based on floating rate indices and generally allows 10 years of interest-only payments followed by a 20-year amortization of the outstanding balance. During the third quarter of 2020, based upon an analysis of market conditions and uncertainty around the timing and scope of the anticipated economic recovery, the Corporation temporarily suspended new applications for home equity lines of credit. The Corporation has significantly curtailed its offerings of fixed-rate, closed-end home equity loans. The loans in the Corporation's portfolio generally have an original term of 20 years with principal and interest payments required. See section Loans for additional information on loans.

Other consumer: Other consumer consists of student loans, short-term and other personal installment loans and credit cards. The Corporation had $121 million and $136 million of student loans at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, the majority of which are government guaranteed. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the passage of the CARES Act, government guaranteed student loans had been placed on an administrative forbearance through September 30, 2020. Subsequently, on August 8, 2020, President Donald Trump directed the Secretary of Education to continue to suspend

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loan payments, stop collections, and waive interest on U.S. Department of Education held federal student loans through December 31, 2020. Credit risk for non-government guaranteed student loans, short-term, personal installment loans, and credit cards is influenced by general economic conditions, the characteristics of individual borrowers, and the nature of the loan collateral. Risks of loss are generally on smaller average balances per loan spread over many borrowers. Once charged off, there is usually less opportunity for recovery of these smaller consumer loans. Credit risk is primarily controlled by reviewing the creditworthiness of the borrowers, monitoring payment histories, and taking appropriate collateral and guarantee positions. The student loan portfolio is in run-off and no new student loans are being originated.

COVID-19 Update:

Beginning on April 3, 2020, the Corporation began originating SBA loans under the PPP, which are included in commercial and business lending loans, to help businesses keep their workforce employed and cover other working capital needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. All complete eligible applications for the PPP have been processed in the order in which they have been received. The Corporation has fully funded the PPP loans by drawing from the PPPLF, established under the CARES Act. The Corporation began submitting PPP forgiveness applications to the SBA on behalf of our customers on September 14, 2020. Forgiveness payments from the SBA began to be received early in the fourth quarter. The Corporation believes we will receive a modest amount of forgiveness payments yet in 2020, with the majority to be received in 2021.

The following table summarizes the balance segmentation of the PPP loans as of September 30, 2020:

Table 14 Paycheck Protection Program Loan Segmentation


($ in Thousands)	Originated Loans	Originated Balance		Outstanding Balance		Impacted Jobs
>=$2,000,000	99	$	335,534	$	302,399	26,688
< $2,000,000 And > $350,000	485	386,062		378,435		37,274
<=$350,000	7,495	343,895		341,382		50,468
Total	8,079	$	1,065,491	$	1,022,217	114,430

For consumers, the Corporation suspended certain transaction and late fees; initiated consumer and mortgage loan payment deferral and credit card payment relief programs; and suspended foreclosures and repossessions. The Corporation began collecting these fees again during the third quarter of 2020.

The following table summarizes loan forbearances outstanding in response to COVID-19 as of September 30, 2020 as a result of the loan forbearance and credit card payment relief program:

Table 15 COVID-19 Loan Forbearances


($ in Thousands)	Number of Loans	Outstanding Balance
Commercial and business lending	136	$	57,525
Commercial real estate	69	228,729
Total consumer	1,439	375,794
Total	1,644	$	662,048

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Nonperforming Assets

Management is committed to a proactive nonaccrual and problem loan identification philosophy. This philosophy is implemented through the ongoing monitoring and review of all pools of risk in the loan portfolio to ensure that problem loans are identified quickly and the risk of loss is minimized. Table 16 provides detailed information regarding NPAs, which include nonaccrual loans, OREO, and other NPAs:

Table 16 Nonperforming Assets


($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020			June 30, 2020			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			September 30, 2019
Nonperforming assets

Commercial and industrial	$	105,899		$	80,239		$	58,854		$	46,312		$	56,536
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	2,043			1,932			1,838			67			68
Commercial and business lending	107,941			82,171			60,692			46,380			56,604
Commercial real estate — investor	50,458			11,172			1,091			4,409			4,800
Real estate construction	392			503			486			493			542
Commercial real estate lending	50,850			11,675			1,577			4,902			5,342
Total commercial	158,792			93,846			62,269			51,282			61,946
Residential mortgage	62,331			66,656			64,855			57,844			57,056


Home equity	10,277			10,829			9,378			9,104			9,828
Other consumer	190			276			215			152			109
Total consumer	72,798			77,761			74,448			67,099			66,993
Total nonaccrual loans	231,590			171,607			136,717			118,380			128,939
Commercial real estate owned	2,113			2,968			3,105			3,530			3,603
Residential real estate owned	1,535			3,573			5,994			5,696			4,791
Bank properties real estate owned	15,335			13,723			13,431			11,874			11,230
OREO	18,983			20,264			22,530			21,101			19,625
Other nonperforming assets	909			909			6,004			6,004			6,004
Total nonperforming assets	$	251,481		$	192,780		$	165,251		$	145,485		$	154,568








Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
Commercial	$	763		$	385		$	436		$	342		$	266
Consumer	1,091			1,081			1,819			1,917			1,720
Total accruing loans past due 90 days or more	$	1,854		$	1,466		$	2,255		$	2,259		$	1,986
Restructured loans (accruing)(a)
Commercial	$	18,407		$	18,189		$	18,767		$	18,944		$	17,842
Consumer	8,485			7,114			7,618			7,097			6,487
Total restructured loans (accruing)	$	26,891		$	25,303		$	26,384		$	26,041		$	24,329
Nonaccrual restructured loans (included in nonaccrual loans)	$	23,844		$	25,362		$	24,204		$	22,494		$	16,293
Ratios
Nonaccrual loans to total loans	0.93		%	0.69		%	0.56		%	0.52		%	0.57		%
NPAs to total loans plus OREO	1.01		%	0.78		%	0.68		%	0.64		%	0.68		%
NPAs to total assets	0.72		%	0.54		%	0.49		%	0.45		%	0.47		%
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans	N/A			N/A			N/A			170.10		%	166.30		%
Allowance for credit losses on loans to nonaccrual loans	190.85		%	249.74		%	288.24		%	188.61		%	184.07		%

(a) Does not include any restructured loans related to COVID-19 in accordance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act.

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Table 16 Nonperforming Assets (continued)


($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020		June 30, 2020		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019		September 30, 2019
Accruing loans 30-89 days past due

Commercial and industrial	$	298	$	716	$	976	$	821	$	426
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	870		199		51		1,369		2,646
Commercial and business lending	1,167		916		1,027		2,190		3,073
Commercial real estate — investor	409		13,874		14,462		1,812		636
Real estate construction	111		385		179		97		595
Commercial real estate lending	520		14,260		14,641		1,909		1,232
Total commercial	1,687		15,175		15,668		4,099		4,304
Residential mortgage	6,185		3,023		10,102		9,274		8,063


Home equity	5,609		3,108		7,001		5,647		4,798
Other consumer	1,351		1,482		1,777		2,083		2,203
Total consumer	13,144		7,613		18,879		17,005		15,063
Total accruing loans 30-89 days past due	$	14,831	$	22,788	$	34,547	$	21,104	$	19,367








Potential problem loans
PPP(a)	$	19,161	$	19,161	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial	144,159		176,270		149,747		110,308		59,427
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	22,808		15,919		15,802		19,889		22,624
Commercial and business lending	186,129		211,350		165,550		130,197		82,051
Commercial real estate — investor	100,459		88,237		61,030		29,449		49,353
Real estate construction	2,178		2,170		1,753		—		544
Commercial real estate lending	102,637		90,407		62,783		29,449		49,897
Total commercial	288,766		301,758		228,333		159,646		131,948
Residential mortgage	2,396		3,157		3,322		1,451		1,242


Home equity	1,632		1,921		2,238		—		—

Total consumer	4,028		5,078		5,559		1,451		1,242
Total potential problem loans	$	292,794	$	306,836	$	233,892	$	161,097	$	133,189

(a) The Corporation’s policy is to assign risk ratings at the borrower level. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA and therefore the Corporation considers these loans to have a risk profile similar to pass rated loans.

Nonaccrual loans: Nonaccrual loans are considered to be one indicator of potential future loan losses. See Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional nonaccrual loan disclosures. See also Allowance for Credit Losses.

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more: Loans past due 90 days or more but still accruing interest are classified as such where the underlying loans are both well secured (the collateral value is sufficient to cover principal and accrued interest) and are in the process of collection.

Restructured loans: Loans are considered restructured loans if concessions have been granted to borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty. See also Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional restructured loans disclosures.

Potential problem loans: The level of potential problem loans is another predominant factor in determining the relative level of risk in the loan portfolio and in determining the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses. Potential problem loans are generally defined by management to include loans rated as substandard by management but that are not individually evaluated (i.e., nonaccrual loans and accruing TDRs); however, there are circumstances present to create doubt as to the ability of the borrower to comply with present repayment terms. The decision of management to include performing loans in potential problem loans does not necessarily mean that the Corporation expects losses to occur, but that management recognizes a higher degree of risk associated with these loans.

OREO: Management actively seeks to ensure OREO properties held are monitored to minimize the Corporation’s risk of loss.

Other nonperforming assets: The asset balance as of September 30, 2020 represents the Bank's units of ownership interest in oil and gas limited liability companies as a result of a partial settlement of a debt. During the second quarter of 2020, the Corporation wrote the value for one of the ownership interests down to the fair market value, resulting in a $5 million asset loss. These investments are included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

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Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

Credit risks within the loan portfolio are inherently different for each loan type. Credit risk is controlled and monitored through the use of lending standards, a thorough review of potential borrowers, and ongoing review of loan payment performance. Active asset quality administration, including early problem loan identification and timely resolution of problems, aids in the management of credit risk and the minimization of loan losses. Credit risk management for each loan type is discussed in the section entitled Credit Risk. See Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures on the ACLL.

To assess the appropriateness of the ACLL, the Corporation focuses on the evaluation of many factors, including but not limited to: evaluation of facts and issues related to specific loans, management’s ongoing review and grading of the loan portfolio, credit report refreshes, consideration of historical loan loss and delinquency experience on each portfolio category, trends in past due and nonaccrual loans, the level of potential problem loans, the risk characteristics of the various classifications of loan segments, changes in the size and character of the loan portfolio, concentrations of loans to specific borrowers or industries, existing economic conditions and economic forecasts, the fair value of underlying collateral, funding assumptions on lines and other qualitative and quantitative factors which could affect potential credit losses. The Corporation utilized the Moody's baseline forecast for September 2020 in the allowance model. The forecast is applied over a 1 year reasonable and supportable period with immediate reversion to historical losses due to the length and depth of the pandemic. Assessing these factors involves significant judgment. Because each of the criteria used is subject to change, the ACLL is not necessarily indicative of the trend of future credit losses on loans in any particular segment. Therefore, management considers the ACLL a critical accounting policy, see section Critical Accounting Policies for additional information on the ACLL. See section Nonperforming Assets for a detailed discussion on asset quality. See also Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional ACLL disclosures. Table 5 provides information on loan growth and period end loan composition, Table 16 provides additional information regarding NPAs, and Table 17 and Table 18 provide additional information regarding activity in the ACLL.

The loan segmentation used in calculating the ACLL at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was generally comparable. The methodology to calculate the ACLL consists of the following components: a valuation allowance estimate is established for commercial and consumer loans determined by the Corporation to be individually evaluated, using discounted cash flows, estimated fair value of underlying collateral, and / or other data available. Loans are segmented for criticized loan pools by loan type as well as for non-criticized loan pools by loan type, primarily based on historical loss rates after considering loan type, historical loss and delinquency experience, credit quality, and industry classifications. Loans that have been criticized are considered to have a higher risk of default than non-criticized loans, as circumstances were present to support the lower loan grade, warranting higher loss factors. The loss factors applied in the methodology are periodically re-evaluated and adjusted to reflect changes in historical loss levels or other risks. Additionally, management allocates ACLL to absorb losses that may not be provided for by the other components due to qualitative factors evaluated by management, such as limitations within the credit risk grading process, known current economic or business conditions that may not yet show in trends, industry or other concentrations with current issues that impose higher inherent risks than are reflected in the loss factors, and other relevant considerations. The total allowance is available to absorb losses from any segment of the loan portfolio.

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Table 17 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans


	YTD						Quarter Ended
($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020			September 30, 2019			September 30, 2020			June 30, 2020			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			September 30, 2019
Allowance for Loan Losses
Balance at beginning of period	$	201,371		$	238,023		$	363,803		$	337,793		$	201,371		$	214,425		$	233,659
Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)	112,457			N/A			N/A			N/A			112,457			N/A			N/A
Balance at beginning of period, adjusted	313,828			238,023			363,803			337,793			313,828			214,425			233,659
Provision for loan losses	137,957			17,500			50,500			52,500			34,957			1,000			1,000
Provision for loan losses recorded at acquisition	2,543			N/A			N/A			N/A			2,543			N/A			N/A
Gross up of allowance for PCD loans at acquisition	3,504			N/A			N/A			N/A			3,504			N/A			N/A
Charge offs	(81,738)			(57,560)			(34,079)			(28,351)			(19,308)			(16,752)			(26,313)
Recoveries	8,617			16,462			4,488			1,861			2,268			2,699			6,079
Net (charge offs) recoveries	(73,121)			(41,098)			(29,592)			(26,490)			(17,040)			(14,054)			(20,234)
Balance at end of period	$	384,711		$	214,425		$	384,711		$	363,803		$	337,793		$	201,371		$	214,425
Allowance for Unfunded Commitments
Balance at beginning of period	$	21,907		$	24,336		$	64,776		$	56,276		$	21,907		$	22,907		$	21,907
Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)	18,690			N/A			N/A			N/A			18,690			N/A			N/A
Balance at beginning of period, adjusted	40,597			24,336			64,776			56,276			40,597			22,907			21,907
Provision for unfunded commitments	16,500			(1,500)			(7,500)			8,500			15,500			(1,000)			1,000
Amount recorded at acquisition	179			70			—			—			179			—			—
Balance at end of period	$	57,276		$	22,907		$	57,276		$	64,776		$	56,276		$	21,907		$	22,907
Allowance for credit losses on loans(a)	$	441,988		$	237,331		$	441,988		$	428,579		$	394,069		$	223,278		$	237,331
Provision for credit losses on loans(b)(c)	157,000			16,000			43,000			61,000			53,000			—			2,000
Net loan (charge offs) recoveries

Commercial and industrial	$	(64,802)		$	(39,523)		$	(24,834)		$	(24,919)		$	(15,049)		$	(11,917)		$	(19,918)
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	(415)			2,573			(416)			1			—			—			1,483
Commercial and business lending	(65,216)			(36,950)			(25,249)			(24,919)			(15,048)			(11,917)			(18,435)
Commercial real estate — investor	(3,581)			31			(3,609)			28			—			—			(3)
Real estate construction	(12)			170			(21)			(3)			11			72			20
Commercial real estate lending	(3,593)			202			(3,630)			25			11			72			17
Total commercial	(68,810)			(36,749)			(28,879)			(24,893)			(15,037)			(11,845)			(18,418)
Residential mortgage	(1,206)			(1,215)			(79)			(215)			(912)			(1,415)			(393)


Home equity	(76)			273			156			(303)			71			480			(275)
Other consumer	(3,030)			(3,407)			(790)			(1,078)			(1,162)			(1,274)			(1,148)
Total consumer	(4,311)			(4,349)			(712)			(1,596)			(2,003)			(2,208)			(1,816)
Total net (charge offs) recoveries	$	(73,121)		$	(41,098)		$	(29,592)		$	(26,490)		$	(17,040)		$	(14,054)		$	(20,234)








Ratios
Allowance for loan losses to total loans	N/A			0.94		%	N/A			N/A			N/A			0.88		%	0.94		%
Allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans	1.77		%	1.04		%	1.77		%	1.73		%	1.62		%	0.98		%	1.04		%
Allowance for loan losses to net charge offs (annualized)	N/A			3.9x			N/A			N/A			N/A			3.6x			2.7x
Allowance for credit losses on loans to net charge offs (annualized)	4.5x			4.3x			3.8x			4.0x			5.7x			4.0x			3.0x

(a) Excludes approximately $70,000 of allowance for held to maturity investment securities.
(b) Includes the provision for loan losses and the provision for unfunded commitments.
(c) The three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 exclude approximately $9,000 of provision for held to maturity investment securities and the three months ended March 31, 2020 excludes less than $1,000 of provision for held to maturity investment securities.

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Table 18 Annualized net (charge offs) recoveries(a)


	YTD		Quarter Ended
(In basis points)	September 30, 2020	September 30, 2019	September 30, 2020	June 30, 2020	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	September 30, 2019
Net loan (charge offs) recoveries

Commercial and industrial	(108)	(70)	(126)	(121)	(81)	(65)	(104)
Commercial real estate — owner occupied	(6)	37	(18)	—	—	—	63
Commercial and business lending	(93)	(58)	(103)	(100)	(72)	(58)	(86)
Commercial real estate — investor	(12)	—	(34)	—	—	—	—
Real estate construction	—	2	—	—	—	2	1
Commercial real estate lending	(8)	1	(24)	—	—	1	—
Total commercial	(61)	(36)	(73)	(64)	(44)	(35)	(53)
Residential mortgage	(2)	(2)	—	(1)	(4)	(7)	(2)
Home equity	(1)	4	8	(15)	3	22	(12)
Other consumer	(120)	(128)	(98)	(128)	(134)	(145)	(129)
Total consumer	(6)	(6)	(3)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(8)
Total net (charge offs) recoveries	(40)	(24)	(47)	(42)	(29)	(24)	(35)

(a) Annualized ratio of net charge offs to average loans by loan type.

The following table illustrates the effect of the Day 1 adoption of ASU 2016-13 as well as the quarterly increase for the first three quarters of 2020 in the ACLL as of September 30, 2020:

Table 19 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans by Loan Portfolio


($ in Thousands)	December 31, 2019		CECL Day 1 Adjustment		ACLL Beginning Balance		Net ACLL Build		March 31, 2020		Net ACLL Build		June 30, 2020		Net ACLL Build		September 30, 2020		ACLL / Loans
PPP	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	808	$	808	$	160	$	968	0.09	%
Commercial and industrial	103,409		48,921		152,330		36,458		188,788		6,367		195,155		(6,171)		188,983		2.38	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied	10,411		(1,851)		8,560		1,993		10,553		(15)		10,538		1,215		11,755		1.30	%
Commercial and business lending	113,820		47,070		160,890		38,451		199,342		7,159		206,501		(4,795)		201,706		2.05	%
Commercial real estate - investor	41,044		2,287		43,331		(785)		42,546		16,524		59,070		31,850		90,921		2.10	%
Real estate construction	32,447		25,814		58,261		7,428		65,688		10,585		76,273		(10,528)		65,745		3.54	%
Commercial real estate lending	73,490		28,101		101,591		6,643		108,235		27,109		135,343		21,323		156,667		2.53	%
Total Commercial	187,311		75,171		262,482		45,094		307,577		34,269		341,844		16,527		358,372		2.23	%
Residential mortgage	16,960		33,215		50,175		(6,227)		43,947		(121)		43,826		(183)		43,643		0.55	%
Home equity	11,964		14,240		26,204		39		26,244		(936)		25,308		(2,359)		22,949		3.01	%
Other consumer	7,044		8,520		15,564		737		16,302		1,299		17,601		(578)		17,023		5.40	%
Total consumer	35,968		55,975		91,943		(5,450)		86,493		242		86,735		(3,120)		83,616		0.93	%
Total allowance for credit losses on loans	$	223,278	$	131,147	$	354,425	$	39,643	$	394,069	$	34,510	$	428,579	$	13,408	$	441,988	1.77	%

Notable Contributions to the Change in the Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

•Total loans increased $2.2 billion, or 10%, from both December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019, primarily driven by increases in PPP loans and commercial real estate lending. In addition, the Corporation added $370 million in loans from the First Staunton acquisition during the first quarter of 2020. See section Loans for additional information on the changes in the loan portfolio and see section Credit Risk for discussion about credit risk management for each loan type.

•Potential problem loans increased $132 million, or 82%, from December 31, 2019 and increased $160 million, or 120%, from September 30, 2019, primarily due to increases in commercial and industrial and commercial real estate - investor

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loans, stemming in part from the effects of COVID-19. See Table 16 for additional information on the changes in potential problem loans.

•Total nonaccrual loans increased $113 million, or 96%, from December 31, 2019 and increased $103 million, or 80%, from September 30, 2019. The increases were primarily due to an increase in nonaccrual commercial & industrial loans and nonaccrual commercial real estate - investor loans, stemming in part from the effects of COVID-19. See Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements and Table 16 for additional disclosures on the changes in asset quality.

•YTD net charge offs increased $32 million from September 30, 2019, primarily driven by oil and gas charge offs. See Table 8, Table 17, and Table 18 for additional information regarding the activity in the ACLL.

Management believes the level of ACLL to be appropriate at September 30, 2020.

Deposits and Customer Funding

The following table summarizes the composition of our deposits and customer funding:

Table 20 Period End Deposit and Customer Funding Composition


	September 30, 2020				June 30, 2020				March 31, 2020				December 31, 2019				September 30, 2019
($ in Thousands)	Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total		Amount		% of Total
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	7,489,048	28	%	$	7,573,942	29	%	$	6,107,386	24	%	$	5,450,709	23	%	$	5,503,223	23	%
Savings	3,529,423		13	%	3,394,930		13	%	3,033,039		12	%	2,735,036		12	%	2,643,950		11	%
Interest-bearing demand	5,979,449		22	%	5,847,349		22	%	6,170,071		24	%	5,329,717		22	%	5,434,955		22	%
Money market	7,687,775		29	%	7,486,319		28	%	7,717,739		30	%	7,640,798		32	%	7,930,676		32	%
Brokered CDs	—		—	%	4,225		—	%	65,000		—	%	5,964		—	%	16,266		—	%
Other time	2,026,852		8	%	2,244,680		8	%	2,568,345		10	%	2,616,839		11	%	2,893,493		12	%
Total deposits	$	26,712,547	100	%	$	26,551,444	100	%	$	25,661,580	100	%	$	23,779,064	100	%	$	24,422,562	100	%
Customer funding(a)	198,741				178,398				142,174				103,113				108,369
Total deposits and customer funding	$	26,911,289			$	26,729,842			$	25,803,754			$	23,882,177			$	24,530,932
Network transaction deposits(b)	$	1,390,778			$	1,496,958			$	1,731,996			$	1,336,286			$	1,527,910

Net deposits and customer funding (total deposits and customer funding, excluding Brokered CDs and network transaction deposits)	$	25,520,511			$	25,228,660			$	24,006,758			$	22,539,927			$	22,986,756

Time deposits of more than $250,000	$	463,739			$	559,434			$	756,195			$	861,183			$	1,074,990

(a) Securities sold under agreement to repurchase and commercial paper.

(b) Included above in interest-bearing demand and money market.

•Deposits are the Corporation’s largest source of funds.

•Total deposits increased $2.9 billion, or 12%, from December 31, 2019 and increased $2.3 billion, or 9%, from September 30, 2019 driven by customers holding proceeds from government stimulus programs in their deposit accounts. In addition, on February 14, 2020, the Corporation assumed $439 million in deposits from the acquisition of First Staunton.

•Noninterest-bearing deposits increased $2.0 billion, or 37%, from December 31, 2019, and increased $2.0 billion, or 36%, from September 30, 2019 and savings accounts increased $794 million, or 29%, from December 31, 2019 and increased $885 million, or 33%, from September 30, 2019. These increases were primarily due to government stimulus program inflows.

•Time deposits decreased $596 million, or 23%, from December 31, 2019 and decreased $883 million, or 30%, from September 30, 2019 due to higher priced time deposits rolling off as they mature.

•Non-maturity deposit accounts comprised of savings, money market, and demand (both interest and noninterest-bearing) accounts comprised 92% of the Corporation's total deposits at September 30, 2020.

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•Included in the above amounts were $1.4 billion of network deposits, primarily sourced from other financial institutions and intermediaries. These represented 5% of the Corporation's total deposits at September 30, 2020. Network deposits increased $54 million, or 4%, from December 31, 2019, but decreased $137 million, or 9%, from September 30, 2019.

Liquidity

The objective of liquidity risk management is to ensure that the Corporation has the ability to generate sufficient cash or cash equivalents in a timely and cost effective manner to satisfy the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers and to meet its other commitments as they become due. The Corporation’s liquidity risk management process is designed to identify, measure, and manage the Corporation’s funding and liquidity risk to meet its daily funding needs in the ordinary course of business, as well as to address expected and unexpected changes in its funding requirements. The Corporation engages in various activities to manage its liquidity risk, including diversifying its funding sources, stress testing, and holding readily-marketable assets which can be used as a source of liquidity, if needed.

The Corporation performs dynamic scenario analysis in accordance with industry best practices. Measures have been established to ensure the Corporation has sufficient high quality short-term liquidity to meet cash flow requirements under stressed scenarios. In addition, the Corporation also reviews static measures such as deposit funding as a percentage of total assets and liquid asset levels. Strong capital ratios, credit quality, and core earnings are also essential to maintaining cost effective access to wholesale funding markets. At September 30, 2020, the Corporation was in compliance with its internal liquidity objectives and has sufficient asset-based liquidity to meet its obligations under a stressed scenario.

The Corporation maintains diverse and readily available liquidity sources, including:

•Investment securities, which are an important tool to the Corporation’s liquidity objective and can be pledged or sold to enhance liquidity, if necessary. See Note 6 Investment Securities of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on the Corporation's investment securities portfolio, including pledged investment securities.

•Pledgeable loan collateral, which is eligible collateral with both the Federal Reserve Bank and the FHLB under established lines of credit. Based on the amount of collateral pledged, the FHLB established a collateral value from which the Bank may draw advances against the collateral. The collateral is also used to enable the FHLB to issue letters of credit in favor of public fund depositors of the Bank. As of September 30, 2020, the Bank had $5.1 billion available for future advances. The Federal Reserve Bank also establishes a collateral value of assets to support borrowings from the discount window. As of September 30, 2020, the Bank had $943 million available for discount window borrowings.

•A $200 million Parent Company commercial paper program, of which $51 million was outstanding as of September 30, 2020.

•Dividends and service fees from subsidiaries, as well as the proceeds from issuance of capital, which are also funding sources for the Parent Company.

•Equity issuances by the Parent Company; the Corporation has filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC under which the Parent Company may, from time to time, offer shares of the Corporation’s common stock in connection with acquisitions of businesses, assets, or securities of other companies.

•Other issuances by the Parent Company; the Corporation also has filed a universal shelf registration statement with the SEC, under which the Parent Company may offer the following securities, either separately or in units: debt securities, preferred stock, depositary shares, common stock, and warrants.

•Bank issuances; the Bank may also issue institutional CDs, network transaction deposits, and brokered CDs.

•Global Bank Note Program issuances; the Bank has implemented the program pursuant to which it may from time to time offer up to $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of its unsecured senior and subordinated notes. In August 2018, the Bank issued $300 million of senior notes, due August 2021, and callable July 2021.

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Credit ratings relate to the Corporation’s ability to issue debt securities and the cost to borrow money, and should not be viewed as an indication of future stock performance or a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold securities. Adverse changes in these factors could result in a negative change in credit ratings and impact not only the ability to raise funds in the capital markets but also the cost of these funds. The credit ratings of the Parent Company and the Bank at September 30, 2020 are displayed below:

Table 21 Credit Ratings


	Moody’s	S&P
Bank short-term deposits	P-1	-
Bank long-term deposits/issuer	A1	BBB+
Corporation commercial paper	P-2	-
Corporation long-term senior debt/issuer	Baa1	BBB
Outlook	Negative	Stable

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, net cash provided by operating activities and financing activities was $423 million and $1.7 billion, respectively, while net cash used in investing activities was $1.6 billion for a net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash of $525 million since year-end 2019. At September 30, 2020, assets of $34.7 billion increased $2.3 billion, or 7%, from year-end 2019, primarily driven by a $2.2 billion, or 10%, increase in loans. On February 14, 2020, the Corporation added $370 million in loans from the First Staunton acquisition and at September 30, 2020 the Corporation had $1.0 billion in PPP loans that were originated throughout the year, largely in the second quarter of 2020. On the funding side, deposits of $26.7 billion increased $2.9 billion, or 12%, from year-end. On February 14, 2020, the Corporation assumed $439 million of deposits from the First Staunton acquisition. In addition, the increase in balances was due to customers holding proceeds from government stimulus programs in their deposit accounts.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash provided by operating activities, and investing activities was $470 million, and $1.6 billion, respectively, while financing activities used net cash of $2.2 billion for a net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash of $117 million since year-end 2018. At September 30, 2019, assets of $32.6 billion decreased $1.0 billion, or 3%, from year-end 2018, primarily driven by a $511 million, or 13% decrease in available for sale investment securities, and a $540 million, or 20%, decrease in held to maturity securities. On June 14, 2019, the Corporation added $116 million in loans from the Huntington branch acquisition. On the funding side, deposits of $24.4 billion decreased $475 million, or 2%, from year-end. On June 14, 2019, the Corporation assumed $725 million of deposits from the Huntington branch acquisition. As a result of the acquisition, the Corporation was able to reduce higher cost brokered CDs and network deposits. FHLB advances of $2.9 billion decreased $697 million, or 19%, from year-end 2018.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market risk and interest rate risk are managed centrally. Market risk is the potential for loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of fixed income securities, equity securities, other earning assets and derivative financial instruments as a result of changes in interest rates or other factors. Interest rate risk is the potential for reduced net interest income resulting from adverse changes in the level of interest rates. As a financial institution that engages in transactions involving an array of financial products, the Corporation is exposed to both market risk and interest rate risk. In addition to market risk, interest rate risk is measured and managed through a number of methods. The Corporation uses financial modeling simulation techniques that measure the sensitivity of future earnings due to changing rate environments to measure interest rate risk.

Policies established by the Corporation’s ALCO and approved by the Board of Directors are intended to limit these risks. The Board has delegated day-to-day responsibility for managing market and interest rate risk to ALCO. The primary objectives of market risk management is to minimize any adverse effect that changes in market risk factors may have on net interest income and to offset the risk of price changes for certain assets recorded at fair value.

Interest Rate Risk

The primary goal of interest rate risk management is to control exposure to interest rate risk within policy limits approved by the Board of Directors. These limits and guidelines reflect the Corporation's risk appetite for interest rate risk over both short-term and long-term horizons. No interest rate limit breaches occurred during the first nine months of 2020.

The major sources of the Corporation's non-trading interest rate risk are timing differences in the maturity and re-pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities, changes in the shape of the yield curve, and the potential exercise of explicit or embedded options. We measure these risks and their impact by identifying and quantifying exposures through the use of sophisticated simulation and valuation models which are employed by management to understand NII at risk, interest rate

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sensitive EAR, and MVE at risk. The Corporation’s interest rate risk profile is such that a higher or steeper yield curve adds to income while a flatter yield curve is relatively neutral, and a lower or inverted yield curve generally has a negative impact on earnings. The Corporation's EAR profile is asset sensitive at September 30, 2020.

For further discussion of the Corporation's interest rate risk and corresponding key assumptions, see the Interest Rate Risk section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The sensitivity analysis included below is measured as a percentage change in NII and EAR due to gradual moves in benchmark interest rates from a baseline scenario over 12 months. We evaluate the sensitivity using: 1) a dynamic forecast incorporating expected growth in the balance sheet, and 2) a static forecast where the current balance sheet is held constant.

While a gradual shift in interest rates was used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure under a probable scenario, an instantaneous shift in interest rates would have a much more significant impact.

Table 22 Estimated % Change in Rate Sensitive Earnings at Risk Over 12 Months


	Dynamic Forecast September 30, 2020		Static Forecast September 30, 2020		Dynamic Forecast December 31, 2019		Static Forecast December 31, 2019
Gradual Rate Change
100 bp increase in interest rates	5.8	%	5.8	%	4.0	%	3.7	%
200 bp increase in interest rates	11.8	%	11.5	%	7.4	%	6.7	%

At September 30, 2020, the MVE profile indicates an increase in net balance sheet value due to instantaneous upward changes in rates.

Table 23 Market Value of Equity Sensitivity


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Instantaneous Rate Change
100 bp increase in interest rates	1.7	%	(0.5)	%
200 bp increase in interest rates	2.9	%	(2.1)	%

Since MVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in MVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon (i.e., the current year). Further, MVE does not take into account factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, changes in yield curve relationships, and changes in product spreads that could mitigate the adverse impact of changes in interest rates.

The above NII, EAR, and MVE measures do not include all actions that management may undertake to manage this risk in response to anticipated changes in interest rates.

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Contractual Obligations, Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, and Contingent Liabilities

The following table summarizes significant contractual obligations and other commitments at September 30, 2020, at those amounts contractually due to the recipient, including any unamortized premiums or discounts, hedge basis adjustments, or other similar carrying value adjustments.

Table 24 Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments


($ in Thousands)	One Year or Less		One to Three Years		Three to Five Years		Over Five Years		Total
Time deposits	$	1,604,065	$	335,633	$	87,143	$	11	$	2,026,852
Short-term funding	206,316		—		—		—		206,316
FHLB advances	91,768		9,961		1,000,633		604,401		1,706,763
PPPLF	—		1,000,145		22,073		—		1,022,217
Other long-term funding	299,243		155		249,803		—		549,201

Operating leases	9,250		12,589		8,135		10,859		40,833
Commitments to extend credit	4,556,350		3,753,792		1,357,817		178,277		9,846,235
Total	$	6,766,992	$	5,112,274	$	2,725,604	$	793,548	$	15,398,417

The Corporation utilizes a variety of financial instruments in the normal course of business to meet the financial needs of its customers and to manage its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include lending-related commitments and derivative instruments. A discussion of the Corporation’s derivative instruments at September 30, 2020 is included in Note 10 Derivative and Hedging Activities of the notes to consolidated financial statements. A discussion of the Corporation’s lending-related commitments is included in Note 12 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Legal Proceedings and Regulatory Matters of the notes to consolidated financial statements. See Note 9 Short and Long-Term Funding of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on the Corporation’s short-term funding, FHLB advances, PPPLF, and long-term funding. See also Note 18 Leases of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on the Corporation's operating leases.

Capital

Management actively reviews capital strategies for the Corporation and each of its subsidiaries in light of perceived business risks, future growth opportunities, industry standards, and compliance with regulatory requirements. The assessment of overall capital adequacy depends on a variety of factors, including asset quality, liquidity, stability of earnings, changing competitive forces, economic condition in markets served, and strength of management. At September 30, 2020, the capital ratios of the Corporation and its banking subsidiaries were in excess of regulatory minimum requirements. The Corporation’s capital ratios are summarized in the following table.

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Table 25 Capital Ratios


	YTD				Quarter Ended
($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020			June 30, 2020			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			September 30, 2019
Risk-based Capital(a)
CET1					$	2,671,739		$	2,651,286		$	2,421,135		$	2,480,698		$	2,482,394
Tier 1 capital					3,024,710			3,004,424			2,676,951			2,736,776			2,738,708
Total capital					3,601,705			3,577,757			3,249,807			3,208,625			3,224,538
Total risk-weighted assets					26,141,710			25,864,463			25,866,140			24,296,382			24,312,727
CET1 capital ratio					10.22		%	10.25		%	9.36		%	10.21		%	10.21		%
Tier 1 capital ratio					11.57		%	11.62		%	10.35		%	11.26		%	11.26		%
Total capital ratio					13.78		%	13.83		%	12.56		%	13.21		%	13.26		%
Tier 1 leverage ratio					9.02		%	9.08		%	8.50		%	8.83		%	8.57		%
Selected Equity and Performance Ratios
Total stockholders’ equity / assets					11.66		%	11.34		%	11.18		%	12.11		%	12.03		%
Dividend payout ratio(b)	36.73	%	34.23	%	69.23		%	19.15		%	66.67		%	41.86		%	34.00		%
Return on average assets(c)	0.93	%	1.02	%	0.51		%	1.72		%	0.57		%	0.89		%	1.00		%
Noninterest expense / average assets(c)	2.35	%	2.37	%	2.55		%	2.12		%	2.37		%	2.51		%	2.40		%

(a) The Federal Reserve establishes regulatory capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards for the Corporation. The Corporation follows Basel III, subject to certain transition provisions. These regulatory capital measurements are used by management, regulators, investors, and analysts to assess, monitor and compare the quality and composition of the Corporation's capital with the capital of other financial services companies.

(b) Ratio is based upon basic earnings per common share.

See Part II, Item 2, Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds, for information on the shares repurchased during the third quarter of 2020, which consisted entirely of repurchases related to tax withholding on equity compensation with no open market purchases due to the suspension of the share repurchase program on March 13, 2020.

During the second quarter of 2020, the Corporation completed the issuance of 4.0 million depositary shares each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of 5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series F, for net proceeds of approximately $97 million.

In February 2019, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued a final rule (the "2019 CECL Rule") that revised certain capital regulations to account for changes to credit loss accounting under GAAP. The rule included a transition option that allows banking organizations to phase in, over a three-year period, the day-one impact of CECL adoption on regulatory capital ratios. In March 2020, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued an interim final rule that maintains the three-year transition option of the 2019 CECL Rule and also provides an option to delay for two years an estimate of the effect of CECL on regulatory capital, relative to the incurred loss methodology's effect on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period. The Corporation has elected to utilize the CECL Transition Provision granted by the banking regulators. Under these provisions, the Day 1 capital impact relating to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 and 25% of the difference between the period end ACL and the Day 1 ACL will be 100% deferred for 2 years, and then phased in over the next 3 years. At September 30, 2020, the Corporation had a modified CECL transitional amount of $120 million.

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Non-GAAP Measures

Table 26 Non-GAAP Measures


	YTD						Quarter Ended
($ in Thousands)	September 30, 2020			September 30, 2019			September 30, 2020			June 30, 2020			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			September 30, 2019
Selected Equity and Performance Ratios(a)(b)
Tangible common equity / tangible assets							7.50		%	7.25		%	6.90		%	7.71		%	7.65		%
Return on average equity	8.20		%	8.83		%	4.46		%	15.55		%	4.80		%	7.31		%	8.47		%
Return on average tangible common equity	12.79		%	13.86		%	6.36		%	25.45		%	7.31		%	11.33		%	13.27		%
Return on average common equity Tier 1	11.97		%	13.15		%	5.98		%	23.71		%	6.84		%	10.94		%	12.78		%

Return on average tangible assets	0.97		%	1.06		%	0.52		%	1.78		%	0.59		%	0.93		%	1.04		%
Average stockholders' equity / average assets	11.38		%	11.57		%	11.35		%	11.04		%	11.79		%	12.16		%	11.77		%
Tangible Common Equity Reconciliation(a)
Common equity							$	3,691,796		$	3,670,612		$	3,533,755		$	3,665,407		$	3,664,139
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net							(1,178,409)			(1,180,661)			(1,284,111)			(1,264,531)			(1,267,319)
Tangible common equity							$	2,513,387		$	2,489,951		$	2,249,644		$	2,400,876		$	2,396,820
Tangible Assets Reconciliation(a)
Total assets							$	34,698,746		$	35,501,464		$	33,908,056		$	32,386,478		$	32,596,460
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net							(1,178,409)			(1,180,661)			(1,284,111)			(1,264,531)			(1,267,319)
Tangible assets							$	33,520,337		$	34,320,803		$	32,623,944		$	31,121,947		$	31,329,141
Average Tangible Common Equity and Average Common Equity Tier 1 Reconciliation(a)(b)
Common equity	$	3,610,864		$	3,600,774		$	3,680,687		$	3,566,293		$	3,585,083		$	3,657,823		$	3,646,758
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net	(1,244,147)			(1,253,484)			(1,179,796)			(1,281,176)			(1,272,175)			(1,266,117)			(1,268,960)
Tangible common equity	2,366,717			2,347,290			2,500,891			2,285,117			2,312,908			2,391,706			2,377,798
Modified CECL transitional amount	112,441			N/A			120,228			115,272			101,340			N/A			N/A
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (income)	4,762			79,775			(3,682)			7,663			10,398			36,810			42,224
Deferred tax assets (liabilities), net	44,516			46,713			42,183			44,777			46,635			47,774			48,772
Average common equity Tier 1	$	2,528,436		$	2,473,778		$	2,659,620		$	2,452,829		$	2,471,281		$	2,476,290		$	2,468,794
Average Tangible Assets Reconciliation(a)
Total assets	$	34,328,806		$	33,337,911		$	35,550,359		$	34,845,943		$	32,577,005		$	32,182,183		$	33,154,000
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net	(1,244,147)			(1,253,484)			(1,179,796)			(1,281,176)			(1,272,175)			(1,266,117)			(1,268,960)
Tangible assets	$	33,084,660		$	32,084,428		$	34,370,563		$	33,564,768		$	31,304,829		$	30,916,066		$	31,885,039




Efficiency Ratio Reconciliation(c)
Federal Reserve efficiency ratio	62.34		%	64.18		%	85.41		%	43.49		%	70.37		%	69.14		%	66.55		%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment	(0.75)		%	(0.83)		%	(1.29)		%	(0.39)		%	(0.96)		%	(0.91)		%	(0.90)		%
Other intangible amortization	(0.80)		%	(0.79)		%	(0.87)		%	(0.65)		%	(0.95)		%	(0.93)		%	(0.89)		%
Fully tax-equivalent efficiency ratio	60.80		%	62.58		%	83.25		%	42.46		%	68.47		%	67.32		%	64.78		%
Acquisition related costs adjustment(d)	(0.24)		%	(0.65)		%	(0.08)		%	(0.12)		%	(0.58)		%	(0.45)		%	(0.53)		%
Provision for unfunded commitments adjustment	(1.64)		%	0.16		%	2.87		%	(1.91)		%	(5.18)		%	0.34		%	(0.33)		%
Asset gains (losses), net adjustment	10.89		%	0.16		%	(0.11)		%	22.10		%	(0.02)		%	0.09		%	0.18		%
3Q 2020 Initiatives(e)	(7.07)		%	—		%	(22.90)		%	—		%	—		%	—		%	—		%
Adjusted efficiency ratio	62.74		%	62.24		%	63.00		%	62.53		%	62.70		%	67.30		%	64.11		%

(a) The ratio tangible common equity to tangible assets excludes goodwill and other intangible assets, net. This financial measure has been included as it is considered to be a critical metric with which to analyze and evaluate financial condition and capital strength.

(b) The Federal Reserve establishes regulatory capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards for the Corporation. The Corporation follows Basel III, subject to certain transition provisions. These regulatory capital measurements are used by management, regulators, investors, and analysts to assess, monitor and compare the quality and composition of the Corporation's capital with the capital of other financial services companies.

(c) The efficiency ratio as defined by the Federal Reserve guidance is noninterest expense (which includes the provision for unfunded commitments) divided by the sum of net interest income plus noninterest income, excluding investment securities gains / losses, net. The fully tax-equivalent efficiency ratio is noninterest expense (which includes the provision for unfunded commitments), excluding other intangible amortization, divided by the sum of fully tax-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income, excluding investment securities gains / losses, net. The adjusted efficiency ratio is noninterest expense, which excludes the provision for unfunded commitments, other intangible amortization, acquisition related costs and 3Q 2020 initiatives, divided by the sum of fully tax-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income, excluding investment securities gains (losses), net, acquisition related costs, and asset gains (losses), net. Management believes the adjusted efficiency ratio is a meaningful measure as it enhances the comparability of net interest income arising from taxable and tax-exempt sources and provides a better measure as to how the Corporation is managing its expenses by adjusting for acquisition related costs, provision for unfunded commitments, 3Q 2020 initiatives, and asset gains (losses), net.

(d) 2020 periods include First Staunton acquisition related costs, while 2019 periods include Huntington branch and First Staunton acquisition related costs.

(e) 3Q 2020 initiatives consist of cost saving efforts that were executed during the quarter. These initiatives included a $45 million loss on prepayment of FHLB advances, $10 million in severance, and $5 million in write-downs related to branch sales and lease breakage related to announced branch consolidations.

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Sequential Quarter Results

The Corporation reported net income of $45 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to net income of $149 million for the second quarter of 2020. Net income available to common equity was $40 million for the third quarter of 2020, or $0.26 for both basic and diluted earnings per common share. Comparatively, net income available to common equity for the second quarter of 2020 was $145 million, or $0.94 for both basic and diluted earnings per common share (see Table 1).

Fully tax-equivalent net interest income for the third quarter of 2020 was $186 million, $8 million, or 4%, lower than the second quarter of 2020. The net interest margin in the third quarter of 2020 was down 18 bp to 2.31%. Average earning assets increased $855 million, or 3%, to $32.1 billion in the third quarter of 2020 primarily driven by excess funds invested at the Federal Reserve Bank which negatively impacted margin. On the funding side, average interest-bearing deposits were up $211 million, or 1%, and noninterest bearing deposits were up $486 million, or 7%, primarily due to customers holding proceeds from government stimulus programs in their deposit accounts. In addition, PPPLF borrowings increased $244 million while FHLB advances decreased $361 million, or 13%, primarily driven by the prepayment of $950 million of FHLB advances during the third quarter of 2020 (see Table 2).

The provision for credit losses was $43 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to $61 million in the second quarter of 2020 (see Table 17). See discussion under sections: Provision for Credit Losses, Nonperforming Assets, and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.

Noninterest income for the third quarter of 2020 decreased $179 million from the second quarter of 2020, primarily due to a $163 million gain on sale of ABRC during the second quarter of 2020 and lower insurance revenue related to the sale of ABRC (see Table 3).

Noninterest expense increased $44 million, or 24%, to $228 million, due to incurring a $45 million loss on the prepayment of FHLB advances during the third quarter. In addition, personnel expense decreased quarter over quarter from the sale of ABRC partially offset by elevated severance from the announced restructurings during the third quarter of 2020 (see Table 4).

For the third quarter of 2020, the Corporation recognized an income tax benefit of $58 million, compared to income tax expense of $51 million for the second quarter of 2020. The lower income tax expense during the third quarter of 2020 compared to the second quarter of 2020 was primarily driven by less income before taxes as a result of the second quarter gain on sale of ABRC, and the execution of tax planning strategies which allowed for the recognition of built in capital losses and a tax basis step-up yielding a change in the tax benefit of $35 million quarter over quarter. See Income Taxes section for a detailed discussion on income taxes.

Comparable Quarter Results

The Corporation reported net income of $45 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to $83 million for the third quarter of 2019. Net income available to common equity was $40 million for the third quarter of 2020, or $0.26 for both basic and diluted earnings per common share. Comparatively, net income available to common equity for the third quarter of 2019 was $80 million, or $0.50 for basic earnings per share and $0.49 for diluted earnings per common share (see Table 1).

Fully tax-equivalent net interest income for the third quarter of 2020 was $186 million, $24 million, or 12%, lower than the third quarter of 2019. The net interest margin between the comparable quarters was down 50 bp, to 2.31% in the third quarter of 2020. The decrease in net interest income and net interest margin was due to a lower interest rate environment. Average earning assets increased $2.3 billion, or 8%, to $32.1 billion in the third quarter of 2020 as the Corporation added PPP loans during the second and third quarters of 2020. Additionally, excess funds invested at the Federal Reserve increased which negatively impacted net interest margin. On the funding side, average interest-bearing deposits decreased $449 million, or 2%, from the third quarter of 2019, due to decreases in higher cost deposits. Average noninterest-bearing deposits increased $2.1 billion, or 39% to $7.4 billion. Average short and long-term funding increased $578 million, or 16%, partially due to an increase in PPPLF borrowings offset partially by decreases in both FHLB advances and long-term funding (see Table 2).

The provision for credit losses was $43 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to $2 million for the third quarter of 2019 (see Table 17). See discussion under sections: Provision for Credit Losses, Nonperforming Assets, and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.

Noninterest income for the third quarter of 2020 was $76 million, down $25 million. or 25%, compared to the third quarter of 2019, primarily due to minimal insurance revenue due to the sale of ABRC in the second quarter of 2020 (see Table 3).

Noninterest expense increased $27 million, or 13%, to $228 million for the third quarter of 2020, due to a $45 million loss on the prepayment of FHLB advances, partially offset by a $15 million, or 12%, decrease in personnel expense primarily related

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to the sale of ABRC partially offset by elevated severance from the announced restructurings during the third quarter of 2020 (see Table 4).

The Corporation recognized an income tax benefit of $58 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to income tax expense of $21 million for the third quarter of 2019. Income tax expense is lower than the comparable quarter primarily driven by less income before taxes, and the execution of tax planning strategies which allowed for the recognition of built in capital losses and a tax basis step-up yielding a decrease in tax expense of $49 million during the third quarter of 2020. See section Income Taxes for a detailed discussion on income taxes.

Segment Review

As discussed in Note 15 Segment Reporting of the notes to consolidated financial statements, the Corporation’s reportable segments have been determined based upon its internal profitability reporting system, which is organized by strategic business unit. Certain strategic business units have been combined for segment information reporting purposes where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer, and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The reportable segments are Corporate and Commercial Specialty; Community, Consumer and Business; and Risk Management and Shared Services.

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Table 27 Selected Segment Financial Data


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in Thousands)	2020			2019			% Change		2020			2019			% Change
Corporate and Commercial Specialty
Total revenue	$	136,376		$	132,691		3	%	$	412,987		$	399,495		3	%
Credit provision	15,572			12,248			27	%	41,456			37,417			11	%
Noninterest expense	52,144			57,946			(10)	%	159,471			174,570			(9)	%
Income tax expense (benefit)	12,600			11,249			12	%	39,461			35,472			11	%
Average earning assets	14,614,788			12,887,424			13	%	14,064,225			12,796,836			10	%
Average loans	14,681,690			12,952,246			13	%	14,124,838			12,853,566			10	%
Average deposits	9,631,000			9,985,041			(4)	%	9,387,212			9,930,193			(5)	%
Average allocated capital (Average CET1)(a)	1,468,341			1,294,617			13	%	1,414,696			1,281,093			10	%
Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(a)	15.19		%	15.71		%	(52)	bp	16.30		%	15.87		%	43 bp
Community, Consumer, and Business
Total revenue	$	115,833		$	159,148		(27)	%	$	404,345		$	470,688		(14)	%
Credit provision	5,758			4,631			24	%	16,296			13,942			17	%
Noninterest expense	102,100			118,241			(14)	%	335,591			345,611			(3)	%
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,675			7,618			(78)	%	11,016			23,338			(53)	%
Average earning assets	9,482,677			9,285,506			2	%	9,522,498			9,270,774			3	%
Average loans	9,414,194			9,217,874			2	%	9,457,405			9,205,289			3	%
Average deposits	15,577,322			13,369,386			17	%	14,753,893			12,762,492			16	%
Average allocated capital (Average CET1)(a)	507,233			543,473			(7)	%	543,377			545,760			—	%
Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(a)	4.94		%	20.92		%	N/M		10.19		%	21.51		%	N/M
Risk Management and Shared Services
Total revenue(c)	$	5,487		$	15,376		(64)	%	$	185,973		$	53,239		N/M
Credit provision	21,679			(14,879)			N/M		99,257			(35,359)			N/M
Noninterest expense(b)	73,343			24,743			196	%	108,122			70,198			54	%
Income tax expense (benefit)(d)	(72,389)			2,080			N/M		(47,135)			3,546			N/M
Average earning assets	8,016,381			7,649,160			5	%	7,281,117			8,102,949			(10)	%
Average loans	867,187			1,081,948			(20)	%	906,992			1,178,341			(23)	%
Average deposits	1,631,256			1,846,776			(12)	%	1,621,079			2,255,985			(28)	%
Average allocated capital (Average CET1)(a)	684,046			630,704			8	%	570,363			646,925			(12)	%
Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(a)	(13.00)		%	(0.23)		%	N/M		6.03		%	0.71		%	N/M
Consolidated Total
Total revenue(c)	$	257,695		$	307,216		(16)	%	$	1,003,305		$	923,422		9	%
Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(a)	5.98		%	12.78		%	N/M		11.97		%	13.15		%	(118)	bp

N/M = Not meaningful

(a) The Federal Reserve establishes capital adequacy requirements for the Corporation, including common equity Tier 1. For segment reporting purposes, the return on common equity Tier 1 ("ROCET1") reflects return on average allocated common equity Tier 1. The ROCET1 for the Risk Management and Shared Services segment and the Consolidated Total is inclusive of the annualized effect of the preferred stock dividends. Please refer to Table 26 for a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures.

(c) For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Corporation recognized a $163 million asset gain related to the sale of ABRC.

(d) The Corporation has recognized $63 million in tax benefits for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, and $49 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, primarily driven by tax planning strategies which allowed for the recognition of built in capital losses and tax basis step-up yielding this tax benefit.

Notable Changes in Segment Financial Data

The Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment consists of lending and deposit solutions to larger businesses, developers, not-for-profits, municipalities, and financial institutions, and the support to deliver, fund, and manage such banking solutions. In addition, this segment provides a variety of investment, fiduciary, and retirement planning products and services to individuals and small to mid-sized businesses.

•Revenue increased $4 million, or 3%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and increased $13 million, or 3%, from the first nine months of 2019. The increase from the nine months ended 2019 was primarily driven by a $9 million increase in capital market fees, which were driven by higher interest rate swap fees.

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•Noninterest expense decreased $6 million, or 10%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and decreased $15 million, or 9%, from the first nine months of 2019. The decrease from the first nine months of 2019 was mainly driven by an $11 million decrease in personnel expense primarily related to a decrease in the funding for the management incentive plan.

•Average loans increased $1.7 billion, or 13%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and increased $1.3 billion, or 10%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by PPP loans and growth in CRE loans.

The Community, Consumer, and Business segment consists of lending, deposit solutions, and historically offered ancillary financial services, primarily insurance and risk consulting, to individuals and small to mid-sized businesses.

•Revenue decreased $43 million, or 27%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and decreased $66 million, or 14%, from the first nine months of 2019. The decrease from the nine months ended 2019 was primarily due to a decrease in segment net interest income of $36 million which was largely driven by the current interest rate environment, along with a $24 million decrease in insurance commissions and fees which can be attributed to the sale of ABRC.

•Noninterest expense decreased $16 million, or 14%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and decreased $10 million, or 3%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by a $10 million decrease in personnel expense, largely driven by a reduction in FTEs as a result of the sale of ABRC.

•Average deposits increased $2.2 billion, or 17%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and increased $2.0 billion, or 16%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by customers holding proceeds from government stimulus programs in their deposit accounts.

The Risk Management and Shared Services segment includes key shared Corporate functions, Parent Company activity, intersegment eliminations, and residual revenues and expenses.

•Revenues decreased $10 million, or 64%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, but increased $133 million from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by a $163 million asset gain on sale of ABRC.

•Credit provision increased $37 million from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and increased $135 million from the first nine months of 2019, as a result of the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within the economic models used in the new expected credit loss methodology.

•Noninterest expense increased $49 million from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and increased $38 million, or 54%, from the first nine months of 2019. The increase from the first nine months of 2019 was mainly driven by a $45 million FHLB prepayment fee, which was partially offset by a $12 million decrease in personnel expense related to a decrease in the funding for the management incentive plan.

•Income tax expense decreased $74 million from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and decreased $51 million from the first nine months of 2019. The lower tax expense from the first nine months of 2019 was due to tax planning strategies, which led to a $63 million tax benefit.

•Average loans decreased $215 million, or 20%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and decreased $271 million, or 23%, from the first nine months of 2019. The decrease from the first nine months of 2019 was mainly driven by a decrease in oil and gas lending.

•Average deposits decreased $216 million, or 12%, from the three months ended September 30, 2019, and decreased $635 million, or 28%, from the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by a decrease in higher cost network and time deposit accounts.

Critical Accounting Policies

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change include the determination of the ACLL, goodwill impairment assessment, MSRs valuation, and income taxes. A discussion of these policies can be found in the Critical Accounting Policies section in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There has been one change in the Corporation's application of critical accounting policies since December 31, 2019 driven by the adoption of ASU 2016-13.

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Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans: Management’s evaluation process used to determine the appropriateness of the ACLL is subject to the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgments. The evaluation process combines many factors: management’s ongoing review and grading of the loan portfolio using a dual risk rating system leveraging probability of default and loss given default, consideration of historical loan loss and delinquency experience, trends in past due and nonaccrual loans, risk characteristics of the various classifications of loans, concentrations of loans to specific borrowers or industries, existing economic conditions and forecasts, the fair value of underlying collateral, and other qualitative and quantitative factors which could affect future credit losses. Because current economic conditions and forecasts can change and future events are inherently difficult to predict, the anticipated amount of estimated credit losses on loans, and therefore the appropriateness of the ACLL, could change significantly. The Corporation uses Moody's baseline economic forecast within its model. As an integral part of their examination process, various regulatory agencies also review the ACLL. Such agencies may require additions to the ACLL or may require that certain loan balances be charged off or downgraded into criticized loan categories when their credit evaluations differ from those of management, based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. The Corporation believes the level of the ACLL is appropriate. See Note 3 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 7 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements as well as the Allowance for Credit Losses section.

Recent Developments

On October 8, 2020, the SBA released a streamlined loan forgiveness application for PPP loans totaling $50,000 or less. This release is expected to simplify the forgiveness application and allow for quicker receipt of paydowns of small balance PPP loans. As of October 8, 2020, the Corporation holds approximately 5,500 loans totaling $95 million that fall under the threshold defined by the SBA in the streamlined application.

On October 27, 2020, the Corporation’s Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.18 per common share, payable on December 15, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 1, 2020. The Board of Directors also declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.3828125 per depositary share on Associated's 6.125% Series C Perpetual Preferred Stock, payable on December 15, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 1, 2020. The Board of Directors also declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.3359375 per depositary share on Associated's 5.375% Series D Perpetual Preferred Stock, payable on December 15, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 1, 2020. The Board of Directors also declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.3671875 per depositary share on Associated's 5.875% Series E Perpetual Preferred Stock, payable on December 15, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 1, 2020. The Board of Directors also declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.3515625 per depositary share on Associated's 5.625% Series F Perpetual Preferred Stock, payable on December 15, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 1, 2020.


ITEM 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Information required by this item is set forth in Item 2 under the captions Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk and Interest Rate Risk.


ITEM 4.			Controls and Procedures

The Corporation maintains disclosure controls and procedures as required under Rule 13a-15 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Corporation's Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Corporation’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of September 30, 2020, the Corporation’s management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2020.

No changes were made to the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act of 1934) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION


ITEM 1.			Legal Proceedings

The information required by this item is set forth in Part I, Item 1 under Note 12 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Legal Proceedings and Regulatory Matters of the notes to consolidated financial statements.


ITEM 1A.			Risk Factors

The following risk factors supplement the Risk Factors described in the Corporation’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K and in the Corporation's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, and June 30, 2020, and should be read in conjunction therewith

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant deterioration and disruption in national and local economic conditions and record levels of unemployment, which may have a material impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. The COVID-19 pandemic is creating extensive disruptions to the global economy, to businesses, and to the lives of individuals throughout the world. Federal and state governments are taking unprecedented actions to contain the spread of the disease, including quarantines, travel bans, shelter-in-place orders, closures of businesses and schools, fiscal stimulus, and legislation designed to deliver monetary aid and other relief. Although in various locations some of the activity restrictions listed above have been relaxed with progressive success, in many geographies the number of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 has significantly increased causing a freezing or even reversal of the relaxation of activity restrictions. The cessation of stay-at-home orders in Wisconsin, Illinois, and Minnesota, and the relaxation of various activity restrictions, have resulted in an increased number of positive COVID-19 cases in these geographies. For example, recent reports have indicated that Wisconsin, Illinois and Minnesota all suffered their highest number of reported daily COVID-19 cases on October 16, 2020. This resurgence has heightened pressure on state officials to reverse the relaxation of activity restrictions, which causes further uncertain economic conditions and could lead again to a shutdown of businesses and operations.

The uncertain economic conditions and various activity restrictions due to COVID-19 have resulted in an extremely challenging operating environment for many businesses, and the complete shutdown of others, as well as record levels of unemployment. The national unemployment rate was 7.9% as of September 2020, which while down from 11.1% in June 2020, remains significantly higher than the pre-pandemic 3.6% in January 2020. Further, the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation, which under Section 2104 of the CARES Act allows for additional payments to covered individuals of up to $600 per week, expired as of July 31, 2020 and it is uncertain whether and to what extent the benefit will be renewed by Congress.

The COVID-19 pandemic is rapidly evolving and the ultimate impact will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken currently or in the future by governmental authorities in response to the pandemic. And while there have been trillions of dollars in economic stimulus packages initiated by the Federal Reserve and the federal government, including the $2 trillion CARES Act, as expanded by the Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act, in an effort to counteract the significant economic disruption from COVID-19, there can be no assurance that these packages will be sufficient, or produce positive results quickly enough, to stimulate the economy, and additional governmental stimulus and related interventions may be needed. Accordingly, the Corporation will be operating under uncertain economic conditions for a lengthy period of time.

Additionally the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the financial markets and has resulted in a number of Federal Reserve actions. To help address these issues, the FOMC reduced the benchmark federal funds rate to a target range of 0% to 0.25%, the lowest since the 2008 economic crisis, and the yields on 10 and 30-year treasury notes have declined to historic lows. At its June and July meetings, the FOMC continued its commitment to this approach, indicating that the target federal funds rate would remain at current levels until the economy is in position to achieve the FOMC's maximum-employment and price stability goals. At its September meeting, the FOMC confirmed its continued commitment to maintaining this approach, indicating that while financial conditions have improved since the summer months, additional stimulus from the federal government is essential to our economy's recovery. In addition, in order to support the flow of credit to households and businesses, the Federal Reserve indicated that it will continue to increase its holdings of U.S. Treasury securities and agency residential and commercial MBS to sustain proper functioning of the financial markets. The reductions in interest rates, especially if prolonged, could adversely affect our net interest income, net interest spread and net interest margin. Further, the overall impact of COVID-19 on the financial markets could result in a significant decline in the market value of the Corporation's common stock, which may cause us to perform a goodwill impairment test in between annual tests. If that impairment test indicates that the fair value of any of our reporting units is less than its carrying amount, we may be required to record a goodwill impairment charge, which could adversely affect our results of operations. The full impact of the COVID-19

pandemic on our business activities as a result of new government and regulatory policies, programs and guidelines, as well as market reactions to such activities, remains uncertain.

Because there have been no comparable recent global pandemics that resulted in a similar global impact, we do not yet know the full extent of COVID-19's effects on our business, operations, or the global economy as a whole. Any future development will be highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, the effectiveness of our remote working arrangements, third party providers' ability to support our operations, and any further action taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic. The uncertain future development of this crisis could materially and adversely affect our business, operations, operating results, financial condition, liquidity or capital levels.

Regulatory and governmental actions to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on borrowers, including required loan forbearances and restrictions on evictions, could result in a material decline in our earnings. There have been a number of recent bank regulatory actions and legislative changes intended to help mitigate the adverse economic impact of COVID-19 on borrowers, including mandates requiring financial institutions to work constructively with borrowers affected by COVID-19. In addition, the governors of many states in which we do business or in which our borrowers and loan collateral are located have issued temporary bans on evictions and foreclosures. Although Wisconsin and Minnesota's temporary ban on all residential and commercial evictions and foreclosures have expired, Illinois has extended its ban through October 17, 2020, and there is mounting pressure on governors and localities to take further relief action. In addition, we have implemented the following programs to assist our borrowers and other customers in mitigating the impact of COVID-19: consumer and commercial loan and credit card deferral programs, suspension and reassessment of certain transaction and late fees, and the suspension of foreclosures and repossessions.

At the federal level, Section 4022 of the CARES Act allows, until the earlier of December 31, 2020 or the date the national emergency declared by the President terminates, borrowers with federally-backed one-to-four family mortgage loans experiencing a financial hardship due to COVID-19 to request forbearance, regardless of delinquency status, for up to 360 days. Section 4022 also prohibited servicers of federally-backed mortgage loans from initiating foreclosures during the 60-day period beginning March 18, 2020. Further, on August 27, 2020, the Federal Housing Finance Agency announced that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac would extend their single-family moratorium on foreclosures and evictions through December 31, 2020. In addition, under Section 4023 of the CARES Act, until the earlier of December 31, 2020 and the date the national emergency declared by the President terminates, borrowers with federally-backed multifamily mortgage loans whose payments were current as of February 1, 2020, but who have since experienced financial hardship due to COVID-19, may request a forbearance for up to 90 days. Borrowers receiving such forbearance may not evict or charge late fees to tenants for its duration. These regulatory and legislative actions may be expanded, extended and amended as the pandemic and its economic impact develop.

As a result of the forbearance and mitigation programs described above, we have experienced a significant decline in borrower loan payments, which may continue into the future and have a material impact on our earnings.

We expect our loan portfolios to be significantly affected by the response to COVID-19 and our allowance for credit losses on loans may not be sufficient to cover losses in our portfolios. The economic shutdown in response to COVID-19 has resulted in a significant increase in delinquencies and loans on non-accrual status across all of our loan portfolios, particularly our commercial loan portfolio as certain industries have been particularly hard-hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has adversely affected the ability of many of our borrowers to repay their loans. As of September 30, 2020, our commercial loan portfolio includes $2.1 billion, representing 8.4% of total loans, to borrowers in key industries which may see elevated risk as a result of the current economic dynamics. These key exposures include: $1.1 billion of loans to retailers and shopping centers, $333 million to oil & gas producers, $247 million of loans to borrowers in the hotel industry, $116 million to restaurant related borrowers, and approximately $266 million across various exposures, which have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The elevated unemployment rate will continue to have a significant adverse impact on the ability of our residential and multi-family borrowers to repay their loans.

As a result of our evaluation of the current and expected impacts of COVID-19 on our loan portfolios, our loan losses and delinquencies have significantly exceeded what we anticipated when our ACLL was established at the end of 2019. As a result, we have increased our ACLL by $219 million to $442 million for the first nine months of 2020, compared to $223 million at the end of 2019. As the economic impact due to COVID-19 continues and there are no assurances as to how long it will be before the COVID-19 pandemic abates and economic activity can begin to resume to pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels, there is no assurance that we will not need to significantly add to our loan loss reserves in future periods.

We have originated a significant number of loans under the SBA’s Paycheck Protection Program, which may result in a large number of such loans remaining on our consolidated balance sheets at a very low yield for an extended period of time. We are a significant participant as a lender under the SBA’s PPP established under the CARES Act. The PPP authorizes financial institutions to make federally-guaranteed loans to qualifying small businesses and non-profit organizations. These loans carry an interest rate of 1% per annum and a maturity of 2 years for loans originated prior to June 5, 2020 and 5 years for

loans originated on or after June 5th. The PPP provides that such loans may be forgiven if the borrowers meet certain requirements with respect to maintaining employee headcount and payroll and the use of the loan proceeds after the loan is originated. If not forgiven, these loans will be guaranteed by the SBA under the SBA’s section 7(a) program. As of September 30, 2020, we had PPP loans with outstanding balances of $1.0 billion. In light of the speed at which the PPP was implemented, particularly due to the “first come first served” nature of the program, the loans originated under this program may present potential fraud risk, increasing the risk that loan forgiveness may not be obtained by the borrowers and that the guaranty may not be honored. In addition, there is risk that the borrowers may not qualify for the loan forgiveness feature due to the conduct of the borrower after the loan is originated. Further, although the SBA has recently streamlined the loan forgiveness process for loans $50,000 or less, it has taken longer than initially anticipated for the SBA to finalize the forgiveness processes. Thus, absent regulatory relief, extended forbearance waiting times due to SBA-related delays are likely. These factors may result in us having to hold a significant amount of these low-yield loans on our books for a significant period of time. Additionally, the PPP loans are not secured by an interest in a borrower's assets or otherwise backed by personal guarantees. We will continue to face increased operational demands and pressures as we monitor and service our book of PPP loans, process applications for loan forgiveness and pursue recourse under the SBA guarantees and against borrowers for PPP loan defaults.

The OCC has also recently issued guidance encouraging banks to follow prudent banking practices consistent with safety and soundness principles in making PPP loans, including by thoroughly documenting the bank's decisions when setting eligibility criteria, establishing a process for considering applications and approving or denying PPP loan applications, as well as identifying and tracking PPP loan volumes. The guidance also states that, in exercising supervisory and enforcement responsibilities in this area, the OCC will take into account the unique circumstances resulting from the national emergency and good faith efforts to comply with applicable legal requirements. Thus, while the PPP guidelines provide that lenders may rely on borrower representations and certifications regarding eligibility with respect to PPP loans and do not need to verify information provided, the OCC guidance makes clear that banks are still expected to prudently underwrite, document and track PPP loans in a manner consistent with safe and sound banking practices and could face supervisory or enforcement risks in failing to do so. As a result of participation in the PPP, we may be subject to litigation and claims by borrowers under the PPP loans that we have made, as well as investigation and scrutiny by our regulators, Congress, the SBA, the U.S. Treasury Department and other government agencies.

Regardless of whether these claims and investigations are founded or unfounded, if such claims and investigations are not resolved in a timely manner favorable to us, they may result in significant costs and liabilities (including increased legal and professional services costs) and/or adversely affect the market perception of us and our products and services.

Also, we have registered as a lender in the MSLP, which is a program among the many financing and liquidity programs that the Federal Reserve, on its own and in cooperation with the Department of the Treasury, has established. The MSLP is intended to keep credit flowing to small and mid-sized businesses that were in sound financial condition before the coronavirus pandemic but now need financing to maintain operations. MSLP lenders retain 5% of such loans, with the remaining 95% being participated to a special purpose vehicle established for the program. The interest rate on MSLP loans currently is one- or three-month LIBOR plus 3%. Although the MSLP provides for deferral of interest and principal payments, unlike the PPP it does not provide loan forgiveness or any other government guaranty on the 5% retention amount. Participation in the MSLP may also present credit and other operational risks that cannot currently be estimated.

Risks Related to Oil and Gas Industry

We may be adversely affected by declines in oil prices. Ongoing volatility in the oil and gas markets has compressed margins for many U.S.-based oil producers and others in the oil and gas industry. Our oil and gas portfolio is comprised of 30 credits made to small and mid-sized companies. These borrowers are likely to be adversely affected by price volatility or a downturn in oil and gas prices. During the first quarter of 2020, there was a drastic decrease in crude oil prices as a result of the reported dispute between Russia and Saudi Arabia regarding oil production levels, which could result in a material adverse impact on such borrowers. Although there was a rise in crude oil prices during the second quarter, the evolving nature of the global COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in volatile global demand for oil and gas. As of September 30, 2020, our oil and gas loan exposure was $498 million of commitments with $333 million outstanding, representing less than 2% of our loan portfolio. The ACLL related to this portfolio was 15.3% at September 30, 2020, compared to 19.4% at June 30, 2020. A significant deterioration in our oil and gas loans could cause a significant increase in nonaccrual loans. An increase in nonaccrual loans could result in a loss of interest income from these loans, one or more additional increases in the provision for credit losses, and an increase in loan charge offs, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

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ITEM 2.			Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

During the third quarter of 2020, the Corporation repurchased approximately $470,000 of common stock, consisting entirely of repurchases related to tax withholding on equity compensation with no open market purchases due to the suspension of the share repurchase program. The repurchase details are presented in the table below:

Common Stock Purchases


	Total Number of Shares Purchased(a)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(b)
Period

July 1, 2020 - July 31, 2020	21,229	$	13.54	—	—
August 1, 2020 - August 31, 2020	4,382	13.91		—	—
September 1, 2020 - September 30, 2020	9,199	13.17		—	—
Total	34,810	$	13.49	—	8,922,429

(a) During the third quarter of 2020, the Corporation repurchased 34,810 common shares for minimum tax withholding settlements on equity compensation. These purchases do not count against the maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the Board of Directors’ authorization.

(b) On December 10, 2019, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $150 million of the Corporation's common stock. The repurchase authorization was in addition to the previous authorized repurchases. At September 30, 2020, there remained approximately $113 million authorized to be repurchased in the aggregate. Approximately 8.9 million shares of common stock remained available to be repurchased under this Board authorization given the closing share price on September 30, 2020.

Repurchases under such authorizations are subject to any necessary regulatory approvals and other limitations and may occur from time to time in open market purchases, block transactions, private transactions, accelerated share repurchases, or similar facilities. On March 13, 2020, the Corporation suspended the share repurchase program and expects the program to remain suspended for the remainder of 2020.

Preferred Stock Purchases

During the third quarter of 2020, the Corporation did not repurchase any shares of preferred stock.

On August 28, 2015, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $10 million of depositary shares of the Corporation's Series C Preferred Stock, of which all of such depository shares remained available to repurchase as of September 30, 2020. Using the closing stock price on September 30, 2020 of $25.67, a total of approximately 390,000 shares remained available to be repurchased under the previously approved Board authorizations.

On July 25, 2017, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $15 million of depositary shares of the Corporation's Series D Preferred Stock, of which approximately $14 million remained available to repurchase as of September 30, 2020. Using the closing stock price on September 30, 2020 of $25.55, a total of approximately 566,000 shares remained available to be repurchased under the previously approved Board authorizations.

The repurchase of depositary shares is based on market and investment opportunities, capital levels, growth prospects, and regulatory constraints. Such repurchases may occur from time to time in open market purchases, block transactions, private transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs, or similar facilities.


ITEM 6.			Exhibits

(a) Exhibits:


Exhibit (31.1), Certification Under Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley by Philip B. Flynn, Chief Executive Officer.
Exhibit (31.2), Certification Under Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley by Christopher J. Del Moral-Niles, Chief Financial Officer.
Exhibit (32), Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley.
Exhibit (101), Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.



						ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
						(Registrant)

Date: October 29, 2020						/s/ Philip B. Flynn
						Philip B. Flynn
						President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: October 29, 2020						/s/ Christopher J. Del Moral-Niles
						Christopher J. Del Moral-Niles
						Chief Financial Officer

Date: October 29, 2020						/s/ Tammy C. Stadler
						Tammy C. Stadler
						Principal Accounting Officer