Atomera Inc - Quarter Report: 2018 June (Form 10-Q)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018.
or
¨ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission file number: 001-37850
ATOMERA INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
30-0509586 |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization) | Identification No.) |
750 University Avenue, Suite 280
Los Gatos, California 95032
(Address, including zip code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
(408) 442-5248
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one)
Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer ¨ |
Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company x |
Emerging Growth Company x |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. x
Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act: Yes ¨ No x
The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, as of August 8, 2018 was 12,408,525.
Atomera Incorporated
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Atomera Incorporated
(in thousands, except per share data)
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2018 | 2017 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 12,254 | $ | 17,369 | ||||
Accounts receivable | 96 | 110 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 296 | 248 | ||||||
Total current assets | 12,646 | 17,727 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 65 | 67 | ||||||
Security deposit | 13 | 13 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 12,724 | $ | 17,807 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 339 | $ | 198 | ||||
Accrued expenses | 285 | 239 | ||||||
Accrued payroll related expenses | 338 | 512 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 962 | 949 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 8) | ||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 2,500 shares; none issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 | – | – | ||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 47,500 shares; 12,409 and 12,161 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. | 12 | 12 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 127,078 | 125,911 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (115,328 | ) | (109,065 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 11,762 | 16,858 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 12,724 | $ | 17,807 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
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Atomera Incorporated
Condensed Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
| Three Months ended June 30, | Six Months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 96 | $ | – | $ | 96 | $ | – | ||||||||
Cost of revenue | (113 | ) | – | (113 | ) | – | ||||||||||
Gross margin | (17 | ) | – | (17 | ) | _ | ||||||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Research and development | 1,738 | 1,444 | 3,428 | 2,900 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative | 1,254 | 1,712 | 2,457 | 3,315 | ||||||||||||
Selling and marketing | 212 | 508 | 458 | 1,017 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 3,204 | 3,664 | 6,343 | 7,232 | ||||||||||||
Loss from operations | (3,221 | ) | (3,664 | ) | (6,360 | ) | (7,232 | ) | ||||||||
Other income/(expense) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income | 50 | 36 | 97 | 64 | ||||||||||||
Other expense | – | (2 | ) | – | (6 | ) | ||||||||||
Total other income/(expense), net | 50 | 34 | 97 | 58 | ||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (3,171 | ) | $ | (3,630 | ) | $ | (6,263 | ) | (7,174 | ) | |||||
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted | $ | (0.26 | ) | $ | (0.31 | ) | $ | (0.52 | ) | (0.62 | ) | |||||
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted | 12,078 | 11,616 | 12,060 | 11,594 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
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Atomera Incorporated
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2018 | 2017 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net Loss | $ | (6,263 | ) | $ | (7,174 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 16 | 9 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 1,166 | 2,638 | ||||||
Loss on disposal of equipment | 1 | – | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts receivable | 14 | – | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (48 | ) | (95 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable | 141 | (76 | ) | |||||
Accrued expenses | 46 | 37 | ||||||
Accrued payroll expenses | (174 | ) | (319 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in operating activities | (5,101 | ) | (4,980 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment | (14 | ) | (13 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (14 | ) | (13 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | – | – | ||||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (5,115 | ) | (4,993 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 17,369 | 26,718 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 12,254 | $ | 21,725 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
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ATOMERA INCORPORATED
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Periods Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017
1. | NATURE OF OPERATIONS |
Atomera Incorporated (“Atomera” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware in March 2007 and is engaged in the development, commercialization and licensing of proprietary processes and technologies for the semiconductor industry.
The Company is in the development stage, having not yet started planned principal operations, and is devoting substantially all of its efforts toward technology research and development. The Company has primarily financed operations through private placements of equity and debt securities and the Company’s Initial Public Offering (the “IPO”) which was consummated on August 10, 2016.
2. | LIQUIDITY AND MANAGEMENT PLANS |
At June 30, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $12.3 million and working capital of approximately $11.7 million. The Company has only generated limited revenues since inception, all of which was non-recurring revenue recognized in the fourth quarter of 2017 and second quarter of 2018. The Company has incurred recurring operating losses from inception to date. At June 30, 2018 the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $115.3 million.
Based on the funds it has available as of the date of the filing of this report, the Company believes that it has sufficient capital to fund its current business plans and obligations over, at least, 12 months from the date that these financial statements have been issued. However, as the Company has not yet generated recurring revenue from planned principal operations, it is subject to all the risks inherent in the initial organization, financing, expenditures, complications and delays in a new business. Accordingly, the Company may require additional capital, the receipt of which cannot be assured. In the event the Company requires additional capital, there can be no guarantee that funds will be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
3. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Significant accounting policies
There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies to those previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 6, 2018 other than the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which was adopted utilizing the full retrospective method. As a result, the Company has updated its Revenue policy. See Note 4 for more information.
Basis of presentation of unaudited condensed financial information
The unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, such information reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and the results of operations. Results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for a full fiscal year. The balance sheet information as of December 31, 2017 was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company's financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 6, 2018. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with that report.
Adoption of recent accounting standards
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The guidance in this ASU requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company has adopted Topic 606 as of January 1, 2018 utilizing the full retrospective method of adoption. The adoption of Topic 606 did not have any impact on its results of operations and financial condition.
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In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation–Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, clarifying when a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award must be accounted for as a modification. The new guidance requires modification accounting if the fair value, vesting condition or the classification of the award is not the same immediately before and after a change to the terms and conditions of the award. The new guidance is effective for the Company on a prospective basis beginning on January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosure.
Recent accounting standards
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The guidance in this ASU expands the scope of ASC Topic 718 to include all share-based payment arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both nonemployees and employees. This amendment will be effective for annual and interim beginning after December 31, 2018. The company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2018-07 will have on its financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosure.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU will require lessees to recognize a right of use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The amendment will be effective for annual and interim beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-02 will have on its financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosure.
4. | REVENUE |
The adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 represents a change in accounting principle that will provide financial statement readers with enhanced revenue recognition disclosures. In accordance with Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.
The Company generates revenue from sales of its products and delivery of services to its customers. Revenue is recognized based on the following steps (i) identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer, (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determination of the transaction price, (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations of the contract, and (v) recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
Revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
Engineering services | $ | 96 | $ | – | $ | 96 | $ | – |
5. | BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE |
Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the sum of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding and the dilutive common stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period. The Company’s potentially dilutive common stock equivalent shares, which include incremental common shares issuable upon i) the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants and (ii) vesting of restricted stock units and restricted stock awards, are only included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share when their effect is dilutive. Since the Company has had net losses for all periods presented, all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive. Accordingly, basic and diluted net loss per share are equal.
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The following potential common stock equivalents were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per common share because the inclusion thereof would be anti-dilutive (in thousands):
Three and Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2018 | 2017 | |||||||
Stock Options | 2,477 | 2,107 | ||||||
Unvested restricted stock | 299 | 523 | ||||||
Warrants | 765 | 765 | ||||||
3,541 | 3,395 |
The calculation for basic and diluted loss per share excludes unvested restricted stock awards which are subject to forfeiture.
6. | WARRANTS |
A summary of warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018 is as follows (shares in thousands except per share and contractual term):
Number of Shares | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | Weighted- Remaining Contractual Term (In | ||||||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2018 | 765 | $ | 5.75 | |||||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2018 | 765 | $ | 5.75 | 2.36 |
The warrants outstanding at June 30, 2018 had an intrinsic value of approximately $1.5 million based on a per-share stock price of $6.12 as of June 30, 2018.
7. | STOCK BASED COMPENSATION |
In May 2017, the Company’s shareholders approved its 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (“2017 Plan”). The 2017 Plan provides for the grant of non-qualified stock options and incentive stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock and for the grant of restricted and unrestricted share grants. The 2017 Plan provides for the issuance of 3,750,000 shares of common stock. All of the Company’s employees and any subsidiary employees (including officers and directors who are also employees), as well as all of the Company’s nonemployee directors and other consultants, advisors and other persons who provide services to the Company will be eligible to receive incentive awards under the 2017 Plan. Generally stock options and restricted stock vest over a one to four-year period from the date of grant under the 2017 Plan.
The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense recorded in the Company’s results of operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 for stock options and restricted stock from the 2017 Plan and 2007 Plan, the 2007 Plan expired in March 2017 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
Research and development | $ | 148 | $ | 135 | $ | 260 | $ | 223 | ||||||||
General and administrative | 443 | 994 | 842 | 1,846 | ||||||||||||
Selling and Marketing | 30 | 299 | 64 | 569 | ||||||||||||
$ | 621 | $ | 1,428 | $ | 1,166 | $ | 2,638 |
8 |
As of June 30, 2018, there was approximately $5.2 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements that are expected to vest. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.
The weighted average grant date fair value per share of the options granted under the plans was $2.17 and $3.01 for the six months ended June 30, 3018 and 2017, respectively
The following table summarizes stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2018 (in thousands except exercise prices and contractual terms):
Number of Shares | Weighted- Average Exercise Prices | Weighted- Remaining Contractual Term (In Years) | Intrinsic Value | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2018 | 2,141 | $ | 7.03 | |||||||||||||
Granted | 338 | $ | 5.64 | |||||||||||||
Expired | (2 | ) | $ | 59.10 | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2018 | 2,477 | $ | 6.81 | 8.02 | $ | 403 | ||||||||||
Exercisable at June 30, 2018 | 1,246 | $ | 7.05 | 7.55 | $ | 115 |
During the six months ended June 30, 2018 the Company granted options under its 2017 Stock Incentive Plan to purchase approximately 338,000 shares of its common stock to its employees and consultants. The fair value of these options was approximately $733,000 at the time of grant.
The Company issues restricted stock to employees, directors and consultants and estimates the fair value based on the closing price on the day of grant. The following table summarizes all restricted stock activity during the six months ended June 30, 2018 (in thousands except per share data):
Number of Shares | Weighted- Average Grant Date | |||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2018 | 121 | $ | 6.90 | |||||
Granted | 248 | $ | 5.69 | |||||
Vested | (70 | ) | $ | 6.09 | ||||
Outstanding non-vested shares at June 30, 2018 | 299 | $ | 6.09 |
During the six months ended June 30, 2018 the Company granted approximately 248,000 restricted stock awards under its 2017 Stock Incentive Plan to its employees and directors. The fair value of these awards was approximately $1.4 million at the time of grant.
8. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
Operating Leases
On January 19, 2016, the Company entered into a real estate lease agreement for a 3,396 square foot office facility in Los Gatos, California as its new corporate headquarters. The lease commenced on February 1, 2016 and had a two-year term. The lease was amended in December 2017 to extend the lease terms for three years through January 31, 2021. The lease rate is $12,735 per month with annual increases of 3%.
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Approximate future minimum lease payments required under the operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31, | Amount | |||
Remaining period in 2018 | $ | 76 | ||
2019 | 157 | |||
2020 | 162 | |||
2021 | 13 | |||
Total | $ | 408 |
Licensing agreement
In December 2006, the Company entered into a licensing agreement with ASM International N.V., a vendor of semiconductor manufacturing equipment located in Almere, The Netherlands, pursuant to which ASM has granted to the Company a non-exclusive, worldwide license to make, and sublicense others to make, semiconductor devices using certain ASM patents. The ASM license restricts the Company and its sublicensees from using the ASM licensed rights in the manufacture of epitaxial deposition machines or any other machines used to manufacture semiconductors. The ASM license, which is coterminous with patents licensed by ASM, expires on January 8, 2019 and requires the Company to pay ASM a royalty of 5% of net royalty revenue, generally defined as gross royalty revenue less certain customer offsets and credits, from the sale of any product incorporating the ASM licensed patents not manufactured on ASM equipment and a royalty of 2.5% of net revenue from the sale of any product incorporating ASM licensed patents manufactured on ASM equipment. All semiconductor devices incorporating the Company’s MST® technology manufactured prior to January 8, 2019 will be subject to the ASM license royalty. The Company has incurred a royalty obligation of approximately $5,000 under this license agreement through June 30, 2018, of which approximately $2,400 is included in accrued expenses of the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2018.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Atomera Incorporated should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed financial statements and the accompanying notes that appear elsewhere in this filing. Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, such as our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. We use words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Although forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties, and changes in condition, significance, value and effect, including those risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the SEC on March 6, 2018 and referenced under the heading “Risk Factors” within Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report and other documents we subsequently file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), such as our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our current reports on Form 8-K. Such risks, uncertainties and changes in condition, significance, value and effect could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed herein and in ways not readily foreseeable. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report and are based on information currently and reasonably known to us. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Quarterly Report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this Quarterly Report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Overview
We are engaged in the business of developing, commercializing and licensing proprietary processes and technologies for the $400+ billion semiconductor industry. Our lead technology, named Mears Silicon TechnologyTM, or MST®, is a thin-film of reengineered silicon, typically 100 to 300 angstroms (or approximately 20 to 60 silicon atomic unit cells) thick. MST can be applied as a transistor channel enhancement to CMOS-type transistors, the most widely used transistor type in the semiconductor industry. MST is our proprietary and patent-protected performance enhancement technology that we believe addresses a number of key engineering challenges facing the semiconductor industry. We believe that by incorporating MST, transistors can be smaller, with increased speed, reliability and energy efficiency. In addition, since MST is an additive and low cost technology, we believe it can be deployed on an industrial scale, with machines commonly used in semiconductor manufacturing. We believe that MST can be widely incorporated into the most common types of semiconductor products, including analog, logic, optical and memory integrated circuits.
We do not intend to design or manufacture integrated circuits directly. Instead, we intend to develop and license technologies and processes that we believe will offer the designers and manufacturers of integrated circuits a low-cost solution to the industry’s need for greater performance and lower power consumption. Our customers and partners are expected to include:
· | foundries, which manufacture integrated circuits on behalf of fabless manufacturers; |
· | integrated device manufacturers, or IDMs, which are the fully integrated designers and manufacturers of integrated circuits; |
· | fabless semiconductor manufacturers, which are designers of integrated circuits who outsource the manufacture of their chips to foundries; |
· | original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, that manufacture the epitaxial, or EPI, machines used to deposit semiconductor layers, such as the MST, onto the base silicon wafer; and |
· | electronic design automation companies, which make tools used throughout the industry to simulate performance of semiconductor products using different materials, design structures and process technologies. |
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We intend to generate revenue through licensing arrangements whereby foundries and IDMs pay us a license fee for their use of MST technology in the manufacture of silicon wafers as well as a royalty for each silicon wafer or device that incorporates our MST technology. We also intend to enter into licensing arrangements with fabless semiconductor manufacturers pursuant to which we will charge them a royalty for each device they sell that incorporates our MST technology.
We were organized as a Delaware limited liability company under the name Nanovis LLC on November 26, 2001. On March 13, 2007, we converted to a Delaware corporation under the name Mears Technologies, Inc. On January 12, 2016, we changed our name to Atomera Incorporated.
Results of Operations
Revenues and cost of revenues. Revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $96,000 and was generated from providing engineering services. We did not generate revenue in the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. We have only generated limited revenues since inception, all of which was engineering services revenue recognized in the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and the fourth quarter of 2017.
Cost of revenue. Cost of revenue consists of materials as well as direct compensation and expenses incurred to provide engineering services. Cost of revenue was approximately $113,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and $0 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. We anticipate that our cost of revenue will vary substantially depending on the nature of services delivered in each customer engagement. Accordingly, our gross margin for engineering services may vary significantly among customer engagements and from period to period and is not indicative of margins we expect to obtain from license fees and royalties.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses consist of research and development, general and administrative, and selling and marketing expenses. For the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, our operating expenses totaled approximately $3.2 million and approximately $3.7 million, respectively. The decline in operating expense was primarily due to a decrease of approximately $807,000 in stock compensation expense, which was partly offset by an approximate $194,000 increase in payroll and related and an approximate $178,000 increase in outsourced fabrication and testing expenses. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, our operating expenses totaled approximately $6.3 million and approximately $7.2 million, respectively. The decline in operating expense was primarily due to an approximate $1.5 million decrease in stock compensation expense, which was partly offset by an approximate $336,000 increase in payroll and related costs and an approximate $315,000 increase in outsourced fabrication and testing expenses.
Research and development expenses. To date, our operations have focused on the research, development, patent protection, and commercialization of our processes and technologies, including our proprietary and patent-protected MST performance enhancement technology. Our research and development costs primarily consist of payroll and benefit costs for our engineering staff and costs of outsourced fabrication and metrology of semiconductor wafers incorporating our MST technology.
For the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we incurred approximately $1.7 million and $1.4 million, respectively, of research and development expense, an increase of approximately $294,000 or 20%. The increase in research and development expense is primarily due to an increase of approximately $178,000 in spending on outsourced fabrication and metrology to support increased engagements with potential customers evaluating MST and an increase of approximately $120,000 in payroll and related expense reflecting an increase in engineering headcount.
For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we incurred approximately $3.4 million and $2.9 million, respectively, of research and development expense, an increase of approximately $528,000 or 18%. The increase in research and development expense is primarily due to an increase of approximately $315,000 in spending on outsourced fabrication and metrology to support increased engagements with potential customers evaluating MST, an increase of approximately $209,000 in payroll expense reflecting an increase in engineering headcount and an increase in consulting costs of approximately $39,000 which was offset by a $64,000 decrease in professional fees for recruiting.
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General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of payroll and benefit costs for administrative personnel, office-related costs and professional fees. General and administrative costs for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $1.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately $458,000 or 27%. The decrease in costs was primarily due to a decrease of approximately $551,000 in stock compensation expense. This decrease was partially offset by an approximate $57,000 increase in payroll and related costs due to an increase in the expected bonus accrued for this quarter compared to the same quarter last year.
For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we incurred approximately $2.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively, of general and administrative expense, a decrease of approximately $858,000 or 26%. The decrease in costs was primarily due to a decrease of approximately $1.0 million in stock compensation expense. This decrease was partially offset by an approximate $95,000 increase in payroll and related costs due to an increase in salaries and projected bonus. Professional fees also increased by approximately $60,000 primarily due to increased fees related to patent filings and maintenance.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of salary and benefits for our sales and marketing personnel and business development consulting services. Selling and marketing expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $212,000 and $508,000, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately $296,000, or 58%. Approximately $269,000 of the decrease is due to lower stock-based compensation. The remaining decrease is due to an approximate $45,000 decrease in consulting expense.
For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we incurred approximately $458,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, of selling and marketing expense, a decrease of approximately $559,000 or 55%. The decrease primarily related to an approximate $505,000 decrease in stock compensation expense and an approximate $76,000 decrease in consulting expense. These decreases were offset in part by an increase of approximately $31,000 in payroll and related costs due to the increase in bonus accrued for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017
Interest income and expenses. Interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $50,000 and $36,000, respectively. Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $97,000 and $64,000, respectively. Interest income for each period related to interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2018, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $12.3 million and a working capital of approximately $11.7 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, we had a net loss of approximately $6.3 million and used approximately $5.1 million of cash in operations. Since inception, we have incurred recurring operating losses. At June 30, 2018, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $115.3 million.
We believe that our available working capital is sufficient to fund our presently forecasted working capital requirements for, at least, the next 12 months following the date of the filing of this report. However, the semiconductor industry is generally slow to adopt new manufacturing process technologies and conducts long testing and qualification processes which we have limited ability to control, and there can be no assurance of the timing of our receipt of meaningful amounts of revenue. If we are not able to generate sufficient revenue from licensing our technology in a timeframe that satisfies our cash needs, we will need to raise more capital. In the event we require additional capital, we will endeavor to acquire additional funds through various financing sources, including follow-on equity offerings, debt financing and joint ventures with industry partners. On October 13, 2017, the SEC declared effective our Registration Statement on Form S-3 which enables us to issue equity and/or debt instruments in one or more offerings. In addition, we will consider alternatives to our current business plan that may enable to us to achieve revenue-producing operations and meaningful commercial success with a smaller amount of capital. However, there can be no guarantees that additional capital, whether under the S-3 Registration Statement or otherwise, will be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. If such financing is not available on satisfactory terms, we may be unable to further pursue our business plan and we may be unable to continue operations.
Cash Flows from Operating, Investing and Financing Activities
Net cash used in operating activities of approximately $5.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 resulted primarily from our net loss of approximately $6.3 million adjusted by approximately $1.2 million for stock-based compensation expense.
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Net cash used in operating activities of approximately $5.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 resulted primarily from our net loss of approximately $7.2 million and a decrease of approximately $319,000 in accrued payroll expenses, adjusted by approximately $2.6 million for stock-based compensation
Net cash used in investing activities of approximately $14,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and approximately $13,000 for six months ended June 30, 2017 consisted of the purchase of property and equipment.
No cash was used in or provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangements or issued guarantees to third parties.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We are required to adopt certain new accounting pronouncements. See note 3 to the condensed financial statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Critical Accounting Policies
There have been no changes to our critical accounting policies from those included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the SEC on March 6, 2018.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk.
Not applicable.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2018.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three-month period ended June 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
The primary risk factors affecting our business have not changed materially from the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the SEC on March 6, 2018.
The following is a list of exhibits files as part of this Report on Form 10-Q:
Exhibit No. |
Description | Method of Filing | ||
31.1 | Certifications Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Filed electronically herewith | ||
31.2 | Certifications Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Filed electronically herewith | ||
32.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350). | Filed electronically herewith | ||
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | Filed electronically herewith | ||
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | Filed electronically herewith | ||
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | Filed electronically herewith | ||
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | Filed electronically herewith | ||
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | Filed electronically herewith | ||
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | Filed electronically herewith |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and the on the date indicated.
ATOMERA INCORPORATED. | ||
Date: August 9, 2018 | By: | /s/ Scott A. Bibaud |
Scott A. Bibaud Chief Executive Officer, | ||
(Principal Executive Officer) | ||
and Director | ||
Date: August 9, 2018 | By: | /s/ Francis B. Laurencio |
Francis B. Laurencio | ||
Chief Financial Officer | ||
(Principal Financial and | ||
Accounting Officer) |
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