AUDACY, INC. - Annual Report: 2016 (Form 10-K)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016

or

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number: 001-14461

Entercom Communications Corp.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

401 E. City Avenue, Suite 809

Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania 19004

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(610) 660-5610

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:

NONE

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.

Large accelerated filer  ☐             Accelerated filer  ☒            Non-accelerated filer  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of February 15, 2017, the aggregate market value of the Class A common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $377,551,746 based on the June 30, 2016 closing price of $13.57 on the New York Stock Exchange on such date.

Class A common stock, $0.01 par value 33,495,197 shares outstanding as of February 15, 2017

(Class A shares outstanding includes 1,981,453 unvested and vested but deferred restricted stock units).

Class B common stock, $0.01 par value 7,197,532 shares outstanding as February 15, 2017.

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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Certain information in the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, pursuant to Regulation 14A, is incorporated by reference in Part III of this report, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

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CERTAIN DEFINITIONS

Unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this report to “Entercom,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to Entercom Communications Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries, which would include any variable interest entities that are required to be consolidated under accounting guidance.

NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains, in addition to historical information, statements by us with regard to our expectations as to financial results and other aspects of our business that involve risks and uncertainties and may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Forward-looking statements, including certain pro forma information, are presented for illustrative purposes only and reflect our current expectations concerning future results and events. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws including, without limitation, any projections of earnings, revenues or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.

We report our financial information on a calendar year basis. Any reference to activity during the year is for the year ended December 31.

You can identify forward-looking statements by our use of words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “continues,” “expects,” “intends,” “likely,” “may,” “opportunity,” “plans,” “potential,” “project,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “predicts” and similar expressions which identify forward-looking statements, whether in the negative or the affirmative. We cannot guarantee that we actually will achieve these plans, intentions or expectations. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those forecasted or anticipated in such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and factors include, but are not limited to, the factors described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”

Any pro forma information that may be included reflects adjustments and is presented for comparative purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of what has occurred or indicative of future operating results or financial position.

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our view only as of the date of this report. We do not intend, and we do not undertake any obligation, to update these statements or publicly release the result of any revision(s) to these statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

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PART I

We are the fourth-largest radio broadcasting company in the United States with a portfolio of radio stations in 28 top markets across the country. We were organized in 1968 as a Pennsylvania corporation.

On February 2, 2017, we and our newly formed wholly owned subsidiary (“Merger Sub”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “CBS Radio Merger Agreement”) with CBS Corporation (“CBS”) and its wholly owned subsidiary CBS Radio Inc. (“CBS Radio”). Pursuant to the CBS Radio Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into CBS Radio with CBS Radio surviving as our wholly owned subsidiary (the “Merger”). The Merger is expected to be tax free to CBS and its shareholders, and will be effected through a stock for stock Reverse Morris Trust transaction. The Merger will make us a leading local media and entertainment company with a nationwide footprint of stations including positions in all of the top 10 markets and 23 of the top 25 markets. The transactions contemplated by the CBS Radio Merger Agreement are subject to approval by our shareholders and customary regulatory approvals. Such approvals will require the divestiture of stations in certain markets due to FCC ownership limitations. This transaction is expected to close during the second half of 2017.

Our Strategy

Our strategy focuses on providing compelling content in the communities we serve to enable us to offer our advertisers an effective marketing platform to reach a large targeted local audience. The principal components of our strategy are to: (i) focus on creating effective integrated marketing solutions for our customers that incorporate our audio, digital and experiential assets; (ii) build strongly-branded radio stations with highly compelling content; (iii) develop market leading station clusters; and (iv) recruit, develop, motivate and retain superior employees.

Source Of Revenue

The primary source of revenue for our radio stations is the sale of advertising time to local, regional and national advertisers and national network advertisers who purchase spot commercials in varying lengths. A growing source of revenue is from station-related digital product suites, which allow for enhanced audience interaction and participation, and integrated digital advertising solutions. A station’s local sales staff generates the majority of its local and regional advertising sales through direct solicitations of local advertising agencies and businesses. We retain a national representation firm to sell to advertisers outside of our local markets.

Our stations are typically classified by their format, such as news, sports, talk, classic rock, urban, adult contemporary, alternative and country, among others. A station’s format enables it to target specific segments of listeners sharing certain demographics. Advertisers and stations use data published by audience measuring services to estimate how many people within particular geographical markets and demographics listen to specific stations. Our geographically and demographically diverse portfolio of radio stations allows us to deliver targeted messages to specific audiences for advertisers on a local, regional and national basis.

Competition

The radio broadcasting industry is highly competitive. Our stations compete for listeners and advertising revenue with other radio stations within their respective markets. In addition, our stations compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other media including: digital audio streaming, satellite radio, broadcast television, digital, satellite and cable television, newspapers and magazines, outdoor advertising, direct mail, yellow pages, wireless media alternatives, cellular phones and other forms of audio entertainment and advertisement.

Federal Regulation Of Radio Broadcasting

Overview. The radio broadcasting industry is subject to extensive and changing government regulation of, among other things, ownership limitations, program content, advertising content, technical operations and business and employment practices. The ownership, operation and sale of radio stations are subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) pursuant to the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the “Communications Act”).

The following is a brief summary of certain provisions of the Communications Act and of certain specific FCC regulations and policies. This summary is not a comprehensive listing of all of the regulations and policies affecting radio stations. For further information concerning the nature and extent of federal regulation of radio stations, you should refer to the Communications Act, FCC rules and FCC public notices and rulings.

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FCC Licenses. The operation of a radio broadcast station requires a license from the FCC. Certain of our subsidiaries hold the FCC licenses for our stations. The total number of radio stations that can simultaneously operate in any given area or market is limited by the amount of spectrum allotted by the FCC within the AM and FM radio bands, and by station-to-station interference within those bands. While there are no national station ownership caps, FCC rules do limit the number of stations within the same market that a single individual or entity may own or control.

The total number of stations authorized to operate in a local market may fluctuate from time to time, and the number of stations that can be owned by a single individual or entity in a given market can therefore vary over time. Once the FCC approves the ownership of a cluster of stations in a market, that owner may continue to hold those stations under “grandfathering” policies, despite a decrease in the number of stations in the market. We are “grandfathered” with respect to one FM station in our Wilkes-Barre/Scranton market. To facilitate the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the CBS Radio Merger Agreement, we will need to sell this grandfathered station.

Ownership Rules. The FCC sets limits on the number of broadcast stations (including both radio and TV) an entity may permissibly own within a market, as well as limits on the common ownership of broadcast stations and newspapers. Same-market FCC numeric ownership limitations are based: (i) on markets as defined and rated by Nielsen Audio; and (ii) in areas outside of Nielsen Audio markets, on markets as determined by overlap of specified signal contours.

Ownership Attribution. In applying its ownership limitations, the FCC generally considers only “attributable” ownership interests. Attributable interests generally include: (i) equity and debt interests which when combined exceed 33% of a licensee’s or other media entity’s total asset value, if the interest holder supplies more than 15% of a station’s total weekly programming or has an attributable interest in any same-market media (television, radio, cable or newspaper), with a higher threshold in the case of investments in certain “eligible entities” acquiring broadcast stations; (ii) a 5% or greater direct or indirect voting stock interest, including certain interests held in trust, unless the holder is a qualified passive investor, in which case the threshold is a 20% or greater voting stock interest; (iii) any equity interest in a limited liability company or a partnership, including a limited partnership, unless properly “insulated” from management activities; and (iv) any position as an officer or director of a licensee or of its direct or indirect parent. In our case, where there is a “single majority voting shareholder,” the FCC treats as non-attributable voting stock interests held by non-single majority owners, even if they are in excess of the five percent standard described above.

Alien Ownership Rules. The Communications Act prohibits the issuance to, or holding of broadcast licenses by, foreign governments or aliens, non-U.S. citizens, whether individuals or entities, including any interest in a corporation which holds a broadcast license if more than 20% of the licensee’s capital stock is owned or voted by aliens. In addition, the FCC may prohibit any corporation from holding a broadcast license if the corporation is directly or indirectly controlled by any other corporation of which more than 25% of the capital stock is owned of record or voted by aliens if the FCC finds that the prohibition is in the public interest. The Communications Act gives the FCC discretion to allow greater amounts of alien ownership. The FCC considers investment proposals from international companies or individuals on a case-by-case basis. In September 2016, the FCC announced that it was streamlining foreign ownership rules and procedures to provide for a standardized filing and review process.

License Renewal. Radio station licenses issued by the FCC are renewable ordinarily for an eight-year term. A station may continue to operate beyond the expiration date of its license if a timely filed license renewal application is pending. All of our licenses have been renewed and are current.

The FCC is required to renew a broadcast station’s license if the FCC finds that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity; there have been no serious violations by the licensee of the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations; and there have been no other violations by the licensee of the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations that, taken together, constitute a pattern of abuse. If a challenge is filed against a renewal application, and, as a result of an evidentiary hearing, the FCC determines that the licensee has failed to meet certain fundamental requirements and that no mitigating factors justify the imposition of a lesser sanction, the FCC may deny a license renewal application. Historically, FCC licenses have generally been renewed.

Petitions to deny renewal applications are filed from time to time. Several petitions have been filed against us. Subject to the resolution of open FCC inquiries, we believe that our licenses will be renewed and that continuing challenges to already granted renewals will be resolved favorably to us, although there can be no assurance to that effect.

The FCC initiated an investigation in January 2007, related to a contest at one of our stations. In October 2016, the FCC designated for a hearing whether we operated this station in the public interest and whether such station’s license should be renewed. In February 2017, in order to facilitate the Merger, we permanently discontinued operation of our only station subject to a petition to deny, in order to cancel the license, dismiss its renewal application and terminate the renewal hearing.

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Transfer Or Assignment Of Licenses. The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of broadcast licenses or the transfer of control of a broadcast licensee without the prior approval of the FCC. In determining whether to grant such approval, the FCC considers a number of factors pertaining to the existing licensee and the proposed licensee, including:

To obtain FCC consent for the assignment or transfer of control of a broadcast license, appropriate applications must be filed with the FCC. Interested parties may file objections or petitions to deny such applications.

Programming And Operation. The Communications Act requires broadcasters to serve the “public interest.” A licensee is required to present programming that is responsive to issues in the station’s community of license and to maintain records demonstrating this responsiveness. The FCC regulates, among other things, political advertising; sponsorship identification; the advertisement of contests and lotteries; the conduct of station-run contests; obscene, indecent and profane broadcasts; certain employment practices; and certain technical operation requirements, including limits on human exposure to radio-frequency radiation. The FCC considers complaints from listeners concerning a station’s public service programming, employment practices, or other operational issues when processing a renewal application filed by a station, but the FCC may consider complaints at any time and may impose fines or take other action for violations of the FCC’s rules separate from its action on a renewal application.

FCC regulations prohibit the broadcast of obscene material at any time as well as the broadcast, between the hours of 6 am and 10 pm, of material it considers “indecent” or “profane”. The FCC has historically enforced licensee compliance in this area through the assessment of monetary forfeitures. Such forfeitures may include: (i) imposition of the maximum authorized fine for egregious cases ($350,000 for a single violation, up to a maximum of $3,300,000 for a continuing violation); and (ii) imposition of fines on a per utterance basis instead of a single fine for an entire program. There are a number of outstanding indecency proceedings in which we are defending our stations’ conduct, and there may be other complaints of this nature which have been submitted to the FCC of which we have not yet been notified.

Certain FCC rules regulate the conduct of on-air station contests, requiring in general that the material rules and terms of the contest be broadcast periodically or posted online and that the contest be conducted substantially as announced.

Enforcement Authority. The FCC has the power to impose penalties for violations of its rules under the Communications Act, including the imposition of monetary fines, the issuance of short-term licenses, the imposition of a condition on the renewal of a license, the denial of authority to acquire new stations, and the revocation of operating authority. The maximum fine for a single violation of the FCC’s rules (other than indecency rules – see discussion above) is currently $75,000.

Proposed And Recent Changes. Congress, the FCC and other federal agencies are considering or may in the future consider and adopt new laws, regulations and policies regarding a wide variety of matters that could: (1) affect, directly or indirectly, the operation, ownership and profitability of our radio stations; (2) result in the loss of audience share and advertising revenues for our radio stations; and (3) affect our ability to acquire additional radio stations or to finance those acquisitions.

Federal Antitrust Laws. The federal agencies responsible for enforcing the federal antitrust laws, the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice, may investigate certain acquisitions. For an acquisition meeting certain size thresholds, the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 requires the parties to file Notification and Report Forms with the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice and to observe specified waiting-period requirements before consummating the acquisition. The transaction contemplated by the CBS Radio Merger Agreement will be subject to review by the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice. On February 7, 2017, we were advised that the Department of Justice has initiated an informal investigation regarding transactions contemplated by the CBS Radio Merger Agreement.

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HD Radio

AM and FM radio stations may use the FCC selected In-Band On-Channel (“IBOC”) as the exclusive technology for terrestrial digital operations. IBOC, developed by iBiquity Digital Corporation, is also known as “HD Radio.”

HD Radio technology permits a station to transmit radio programming in digital format. We currently use HD Radio digital technology on most of our FM stations. The advantages of digital audio broadcasting over traditional analog broadcasting technology include improved sound quality, the availability of additional channels and the ability to offer a greater variety of auxiliary services.

Employees

As of January 31, 2017, we had 1,683 full-time employees and 1,145 part-time employees. With respect to certain of our stations in our Kansas City and San Francisco markets, we are a party to collective bargaining agreements with the Screen Actors Guild - American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (known as SAG-AFTRA). Approximately 46 employees are represented by these collective bargaining agreements. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.

Corporate Governance

Code Of Business Conduct And Ethics. We have a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to each of our employees including our principal executive officers and senior members of our finance department. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics can be found on the “Investors” sub-page of our website located at www.entercom.com/investors.

Board Committee Charters. Each of our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee has a committee charter as required by the rules of the New York Stock Exchange. These committee charters can be found on the “Investors” sub-page of our website located at www.entercom.com/investors.

Corporate Governance Guidelines. New York Stock Exchange rules require our Board of Directors to establish certain Corporate Governance Guidelines. These guidelines can be found on the “Investors” sub-page of our website located at www.entercom.com/investors.

Environmental Compliance

As the owner, lessee or operator of various real properties and facilities, we are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. Historically, compliance with these laws and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on our business.

Seasonality

Seasonal revenue fluctuations are common in the radio broadcasting industry and are due primarily to fluctuations in advertising expenditures.

Internet Address And Internet Access To Periodic And Current Reports

You can find more information about us that includes a list of our stations in each of our markets at our Internet website located at www.entercom.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports are available free of charge through our Internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The contents of our websites are not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K or in any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only. We will also provide a copy of our annual report on Form 10-K upon any written request.

Many statements contained in this report are forward-looking in nature. See Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements at the beginning of this Form 10-K. These statements are based on current plans, intentions or

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expectations, and actual results could differ materially as we cannot guarantee that we will achieve these plans, intentions or expectations. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ are the following:

BUSINESS RISKS

Our results may be impacted by economic trends.

Our net revenues increased in 2016 as compared to the prior year primarily as a result of organic growth and acquisitions made during 2015. Excluding the net revenues from these new radio stations (net of any divestitures), net revenues increased in the low single digits for the year.

Our results of operations could be negatively impacted by economic fluctuations or by future economic downturns. Also, expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions. The risks associated with our business could be more acute in periods of a slowing economy or recession, which may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. A decrease in advertising expenditures can have an adverse effect on our net revenues, profit margins, cash flow, and liquidity.

There can be no assurance that we will not experience an adverse impact on our ability to access capital, which may be material to our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our ability to access the capital markets may be severely restricted at a time when we would like or need to do so, which could have an adverse impact on our capacity to react to changing economic and business conditions.

We may be unable to effectively integrate our acquisitions, including the announced Merger with CBS Radio.

The integration of acquisitions involves numerous risks.

In particular, after consummation of the Merger with CBS Radio, Entercom will have significantly more sales, assets and employees than it did prior to the Merger. The integration process will require Entercom to expend significant capital and significantly expand the scope of its operations and financial systems Entercom’s management will be required to devote a significant amount of time and attention to the process of integrating the operations of the CBS Radio business. There is a significant degree of difficulty and management involvement inherent in that process. These difficulties include:

There is no assurance that the CBS Radio business will be successfully or cost-effectively integrated into Entercom. The process of integrating the CBS Radio business into Entercom’s operations may cause an interruption of, or loss of momentum in, the activities of Entercom’s business after consummation of the Merger. If Entercom’s management is not able to effectively manage the integration process, or if any significant business activities are interrupted as a result of the integration process, Entercom’s business could suffer and its liquidity, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely impacted.

All of the risks associated with the integration process could be exacerbated by the fact that Entercom may not have a sufficient number of employees with the requisite expertise to integrate the businesses or to operate Entercom’s business after consummation of the Merger. If Entercom does not hire or retain employees with the requisite skills and knowledge to run Entercom after the transactions, it may have a material adverse effect on Entercom’s business.

Our businesses may be subject to uncertainties and other operating restrictions until completion of the Merger with CBS Radio.

In connection with the Merger, our business may experience disruptions as customers, suppliers, advertisers and others may attempt to negotiate changes in existing business relationships or consider entering into business relationships with parties other than Entercom or CBS Radio. Additionally, we have agreed to refrain from taking certain actions with respect to our business and financial affairs during the pendency of the Merger, which could adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

We may have difficulty attracting, motivating and retaining key employees during the pendency of the Merger with CBS Radio.

In connection with the pending Merger with CBS Radio, current and prospective employees of Entercom may experience uncertainty about their future roles with Entercom following the Merger, which may adversely affect the ability of Entercom to attract and retain key personnel while the Merger is pending. Key employees may depart because of the uncertainty or potential difficulty of integration or a desire not to remain with the combined company following the Merger.

Failure to complete the Merger with CBS Radio could adversely affect our business, results of operations or stock price, or prevent us from realizing anticipated benefits.

The pending Merger with CBS Radio remains subject to certain closing conditions. Entercom and CBS Radio may not receive the required consents, approvals and clearances to complete the Merger or satisfy the other conditions necessary to complete the Merger. In addition, Entercom and CBS Radio may each terminate the CBS Radio Merger Agreement under certain limited circumstances. If the pending Merger with CBS Radio is not completed or is delayed, our business and the market price of our common stock may be adversely affected for a variety of reasons.

The CBS Radio Merger Agreement contains provisions that restrict our ability to pursue alternatives to the Merger, and in specified circumstances, could require us to pay CBS a termination fee.

Under the CBS Radio Merger Agreement, we are restricted, subject to certain exceptions, from soliciting, initiating, knowingly facilitating, knowingly inducing or encouraging, or negotiating, discussing or furnishing non-public information with respect to, any inquiry, proposal or offer that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to an acquisition proposal pursuant to the terms of the CBS Radio Merger Agreement.

If the CBS Radio Merger Agreement is terminated in certain circumstances, we will be required to pay CBS a termination fee of $30 million.

The Merger with CBS Radio may not achieve its intended benefits.

Even if Entercom is able to successfully combine the two business operations, it may not be possible to realize the full benefits of the increased sales volume and other benefits, including the expected synergies, that we anticipate to result from the Merger, or realize these benefits within the time frame that is expected. For example, the elimination of duplicative costs may not be possible or may take longer than anticipated, or the benefits from the Merger may be offset by costs incurred or delays in integrating the companies. If Entercom fails to realize the benefits it anticipates from the acquisition, Entercom’s liquidity, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected.

Our radio stations may be adversely affected by changes in programming and competition for advertising revenues.

We operate in a highly competitive business. Our radio stations compete for audiences with advertising revenue as our principal source of income. We compete directly with other radio stations, as well as with other media, such as broadcast, cable and satellite television, digital audio, newspapers and magazines, national and local digital services, outdoor advertising and direct mail. Audience ratings and market shares are subject to change, and any decrease in our listenership ratings or market share in a particular market could have a material adverse effect on

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the revenue of our stations located in that market. Audience ratings and market shares could be affected by a variety of factors, including changes in the format or content of programming (some of which may be outside of our control), personnel changes, demographic shifts and general broadcast listening trends. Adverse changes in any of these areas or trends could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

While we already compete in some of our markets with stations with similarly programmed formats, if another radio station in a market were to convert its programming format to a format similar to one of our stations or if an existing competitor were to garner additional market share, our stations could suffer a reduction in ratings and/or advertising revenue and could incur increased promotional and other expenses. Competing companies may be larger and have more financial resources than we do. We cannot be assured that any of our stations will be able to maintain or increase their current audience ratings and advertising revenues.

We cannot predict the competitive effect on the radio broadcasting industry of changes in audio content distribution, changes in technology or changes in regulations.

The radio broadcasting industry is subject to rapid technological change, evolving industry standards and the emergence of new media technologies and services. We may lack the resources to acquire new technologies or introduce new services to allow us to compete with these new offerings. Competing technologies and services, some of which are commercial free, include: personal audio devices; national and local digital audio services; satellite-delivered digital radio services; content available over the Internet; HD Radio, which provides multi-channel, multi-format digital radio services in the same bandwidth currently occupied by traditional AM and FM radio services; and low-power FM radio, which could result in additional FM radio broadcast outlets, including additional low-power FM radio signals authorized under the Local Community Radio Act of 2010.

We cannot predict the effect, if any, that competition arising from new technologies or regulatory changes may have on the radio broadcasting industry or on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to extensive regulations and are dependent on federally issued licenses to operate our radio stations. Failure to comply with such regulations could damage our business.

The radio broadcasting industry is subject to extensive regulation by the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934. See Federal Regulation of Radio Broadcasting under Part I, Item 1, “Business.” We are required to obtain licenses from the FCC to operate our radio stations. Licenses are normally granted for a term of eight years and are renewable. Although the vast majority of FCC radio station licenses are routinely renewed, we cannot be assured that the FCC will approve our future renewal applications or that the renewals will not include conditions or qualifications. During the periods when a renewal application is pending, informal objections and petitions to deny the renewal application can be filed by interested parties, including members of the public, on a variety of grounds. The non-renewal, or renewal with substantial conditions or modifications, of one or more of our licenses could have a material adverse effect on us.

We must comply with extensive FCC regulations and policies in the ownership and operation of our radio stations. FCC regulations limit the number of radio stations that a licensee can own in a market, which could restrict our ability to consummate future transactions and in certain circumstances could require us to divest some radio stations. The FCC’s rules governing our radio station operations impose costs on our operations, and changes in those rules could have an adverse effect on our business. The FCC also requires radio stations to comply with certain technical requirements to limit interference between two or more radio stations. If the FCC relaxes these technical requirements, it could impair the signals transmitted by our radio stations and could have a material adverse effect on us. Moreover, these FCC regulations may change over time, and we cannot be assured that changes would not have a material adverse effect on us. We are currently the subject of several pending investigations by the FCC.

Congress or federal agencies that regulate us could impose new regulations or fees on our operations that could have a material adverse effect on us.

There was proposed legislation in the past and there could be again in the future that requires radio broadcasters to pay additional fees such as a spectrum fee for the use of the spectrum. In addition, there was proposed legislation which would impose a new royalty fee that would be paid to record labels and performing artists for use of their recorded music. It is currently unknown what impact any potential required royalty payments or fees would have on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

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The loss of key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our business depends upon the continued efforts, abilities and expertise of our executive officers and other key personnel. We believe that the loss of one or more of these individuals could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our radio stations compete for creative and on-air talent with other radio stations and other media, such as broadcast, cable and satellite television, digital media and satellite radio. Our on-air talent are subject to change, due to competition and for other reasons. Changes in on-air talent could materially and negatively affect our ratings and our ability to attract local and national advertisers, which could in turn adversely affect our revenues.

We depend on selected market clusters of radio stations for a material portion of our revenues.

For 2016, we generated over 50% of our net revenues in 8 of our 28 markets, which were Boston, Buffalo, Denver, Kansas City, Miami, Sacramento, San Francisco and Seattle. Accordingly, we have greater exposure to adverse events or conditions in any of these markets, such as changes in the economy, shifts in population or demographics, or changes in audience tastes, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations and cash flows.

Impairments to our broadcasting licenses and goodwill have reduced our earnings.

We have incurred impairment losses that resulted in the non-cash write-downs of our broadcasting licenses and goodwill. A significant amount of these impairment losses were recorded in 2008 during the recession and the most recent impairment loss was recorded in 2012. As of December 31, 2016, our broadcasting licenses and goodwill comprise 80% of our total assets. The valuation of our broadcasting licenses and goodwill is subjective and based on our estimates and assumptions rather than precise calculations. The fair value measurements for both our broadcast licenses and goodwill use significant unobservable inputs and reflect our own assumptions including market share and profit margin for an average station, growth within a radio market, estimates of costs and losses during early years, potential competition within a radio market and the appropriate discount rate used in determining fair value. If events occur or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value of the broadcasting licenses and goodwill below the amount reflected on the balance sheet, we may be required to recognize impairment charges, which may be material, in future periods. Current accounting guidance does not permit a valuation increase.

We have significant obligations relating to our current operating leases.

As of December 31, 2016, we had future operating lease commitments of approximately $99.2 million that are disclosed in Note 20 in the accompanying notes to the audited consolidated financial statements. We are required to make certain estimates at the inception of a lease in order to determine whether the lease is operating or capital. In February 2016, the accounting guidance was modified to require that all leases with a term of more than one year, covering leased assets such as real estate, broadcasting towers and equipment, be reflected on the balance sheet as assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by these leases. While we are currently reviewing the effects of this guidance, we believe that this would result in: (1) an increase in the assets and liabilities reflected on our consolidated balance sheets; and (2) an increase in our interest expense and depreciation and amortization expense and a decrease to our station operating expense reflected on our consolidated statements of operations. This guidance is effective for us as of January 1, 2019.

Our business is dependent upon the proper functioning of our internal business processes and information systems and modification or interruption of such systems may disrupt our business, processes and internal controls.

The proper functioning of our internal business processes and information systems is critical to the efficient operation and management of our business. If these information technology systems fail or are interrupted, our operations may be adversely affected and operating results could be harmed. Our business processes and information systems need to be sufficiently scalable to support the future growth of our business and may require modifications or upgrades that expose us to a number of operational risks. Our information technology systems, and those of third-party providers, may also be vulnerable to damage or disruption caused by circumstances beyond our control. These include catastrophic events, power anomalies or outages, computer system or network failures and natural disasters. Any material disruption, malfunction or similar challenges with our business processes or information systems, or disruptions or challenges relating to the transition to new processes, systems or providers, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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The FCC has engaged in vigorous enforcement of its indecency rules against the broadcast industry, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

FCC regulations prohibit the broadcast of obscene material at any time and indecent or profane material between the hours of 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m. Over the last decade, the FCC has increased its enforcement efforts relating to the regulation of indecency and has threatened on more than one occasion to initiate license revocation proceedings against a broadcast licensee who commits a “serious” indecency violation. Congress has dramatically increased the penalties for broadcasting obscene, indecent or profane programming, and these penalties may potentially subject broadcasters to license revocation, renewal or qualification proceedings in the event that they broadcast such material. In addition, the FCC’s heightened focus on the indecency regulatory scheme, against the broadcast industry generally, may encourage third parties to oppose our license renewal applications or applications for consent to acquire broadcast stations. Several of our stations are currently subject to indecency-related inquiries and/or proposed fines at the FCC’s Enforcement Bureau as well as objections to our license renewals based on such inquiries and proposed fines, and we may in the future become subject to additional inquiries or proceedings related to our stations’ broadcast of obscene, indecent or profane material. To the extent that these inquiries or other proceedings result in the imposition of fines, a settlement with the FCC, revocation of any of our station licenses or denials of license renewal applications, our results of operations and business could be materially adversely affected.

Cybersecurity threats to our business

The use of our computers and digital technology in substantially all aspects of our business operations give rise to cybersecurity risks, including viruses or malware, physical or electronic intrusions and unauthorized access to our data. A cybersecurity attack could compromise confidential information. There can be no assurance that we, or the security systems we implement, will protect against all of these rapidly changing risks. A cyber-incident could increase our operating costs, disrupt our operations, harm our reputation, or subject us to liability under laws and regulations that protect personal data. We maintain insurance coverage against certain of such risks, but cannot guarantee that such coverage will be applicable or sufficient with respect to any given incident or on-going incidents that go undetected.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR INDEBTEDNESS

Current and future indebtedness could have an adverse impact on us.

We have substantial indebtedness. As of December 31, 2016, we have outstanding a senior secured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) of $540 million that is comprised of: (a) $60 million revolving commitment (the “Revolver”); and (b) a $480 million term loan (the “Term B Loan”).

The significant amount of debt could have an adverse impact on us. For example, these obligations:

The undrawn amount of the Revolver was $59.3 million as of December 31, 2016. The amount of the Revolver available to us is a function of covenant compliance at the time of borrowing. Based on our financial covenant analysis as of December 31, 2016, we would not be limited in these borrowings.

We may from time to time seek to amend our existing debt agreements or obtain funding or additional debt financing, which may result in higher interest rates.

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We must comply with the covenants in our debt agreements, which restrict our operational flexibility.

Our Credit Facility, which was entered into in November 2016, contains provisions which, under certain circumstances, limit our ability to borrow money; make acquisitions, investments or restricted payments, including without limitation dividends and the repurchase of stock; swap or sell assets; or merge or consolidate with another company. To secure the debt under our Credit Facility, we have pledged substantially all of our assets, including the stock or equity interests of our subsidiaries.

The Credit Facility requires us to maintain compliance with specific financial covenants which are defined terms within the agreement, including: (1) a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio that cannot exceed 5.0 times at December 31, 2016, and which decreases over time to 4.5 at March 31, 2019 and thereafter; and (2) a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio of 2.0 times at all times.

Our ability to comply with these financial covenants can be affected by operating performance or other events beyond our control, and we cannot be assured that we will comply with these covenants. A default under our Credit Facility could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Failure to comply with our financial covenants or other terms of these financial instruments and the failure to negotiate and obtain any required relief from our lenders could result in the acceleration of the maturity of our outstanding debt and our lenders could proceed against our assets, including the equity interests of our subsidiaries. Under these circumstances, the acceleration of our debt could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Because of our holding company structure, we depend on our subsidiaries for cash flow, and our access to this cash flow is restricted.

We operate as a holding company. All of our radio stations are currently owned and operated by our subsidiaries. Entercom Radio, LLC (“Radio”), our 100% owned finance subsidiary, is the borrower under our Credit Facility. All of our station operating subsidiaries and FCC license subsidiaries are subsidiaries of Radio. Further, we guarantee Radio’s obligations under the Credit Facility. Radio’s subsidiaries are all full and unconditional guarantors jointly and severally under the Credit Facility.

As a holding company, our only source of cash to pay our obligations, including corporate overhead and other expenses, is cash distributed from our subsidiaries. We currently expect that the majority of the net earnings and cash flow of our subsidiaries will be retained and used by them in their operations, including servicing Radio’s debt obligations. Even if our subsidiaries elect to make distributions to us, we cannot be assured that applicable state law and contractual restrictions, including the restricted payments covenants contained in our Credit Facility, would permit such dividends or distributions.

Our variable rate debt subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

Borrowings under our Credit Facility are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations under the Credit Facility could increase even though the amount borrowed remains the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our debt, could correspondingly decrease. As of December 31, 2016, and assuming the Revolver was fully drawn, a 100 basis point increase in London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) rates as of December 31, 2016 would result in a $4.3 million increase in annual interest expense on our debt (in this hypothetical assumption, a 100 basis point increase in LIBOR only partially impacted the interest on our Credit Facility’s Term B Loan as the LIBOR rate on our Term B Loan is subject to a 100 basis point minimum).

In the future, we may enter into interest rate swaps that involve the exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce interest rate risk. We may, however, not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to all of our variable rate debt, and any swaps we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk.

A lowering or withdrawal of the ratings assigned to our debt securities by rating agencies may increase our future borrowing costs and reduce our access to capital.

Our debt has a non-investment grade rating, and any rating assigned could be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if, in the rating agency’s judgment, future circumstances relating to the basis of the rating, such as adverse changes, so warrant. Any future lowering of our ratings would likely make it more difficult or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing.

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RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR STOCK

Our Chairman of the Board and our President and Chief Executive Officer own a substantial equity interest in us and effectively control our Company. Their interests may conflict with your interest.

As of February 15, 2017, Joseph M. Field, our Chairman of the Board, beneficially owned 1,366,730 shares of our Class A common stock and 6,148,282 shares of our Class B common stock, representing approximately 61.2% of the total voting power of all of our outstanding common stock. As of February 15, 2017, David J. Field, our President and Chief Executive Officer, one of our directors and the son of Joseph M. Field, beneficially owned 3,337,974 shares of our Class A common stock and 749,250 shares of our outstanding Class B common stock, representing approximately 11.0% of the total voting power of all of our outstanding common stock. Collectively, Joseph M. Field and David J. Field and other members of the Field family beneficially own all of our outstanding Class B common stock. Other members of the Field family and trusts for their benefit also own shares of Class A common stock.

Shares of Class B common stock are transferable only to Joseph M. Field, David J. Field, certain of their family members or trusts for any of their benefit. Upon any other transfer, shares of our Class B common stock automatically convert into shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. Shares of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes only when Joseph M. Field or David J. Field vote them, subject to certain exceptions when they are restricted to one vote. Joseph M. Field generally is able to control the vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders and, therefore, is able to direct our management and policies, except with respect to those matters when the shares of our Class B common stock are only entitled to one vote and those matters requiring a class vote under the provisions of our articles of incorporation, bylaws or applicable law, including, without limitation, the election of the two Class A directors.

Future sales by Joseph M. Field and/or David J. Field could adversely affect the price of our Class A common stock.

The price for our Class A common stock could fall substantially if Joseph M. Field and/or David J. Field sell in the public market or transfer large amounts of shares, including any shares of our Class B common stock which are automatically converted to Class A common stock when sold (as described in the above paragraph). These sales, or the possibility of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to raise capital by selling equity or equity-related securities in the future.

The Merger With CBS Radio Will Impact Your Equity Interests

Immediately after consummation of the Merger, approximately 72% of the shares of Entercom common stock are expected to be held by former holders of CBS Radio common stock on a fully diluted basis in the aggregate, and approximately 28% of the shares of Entercom common stock are expected to be held by pre-Merger holders of Entercom common stock on a fully diluted basis in the aggregate. The stock price may be volatile and there will be a change in control of our company.

The difficulties associated with any attempt to gain control of our Company could adversely affect the price of our Class A common stock.

Joseph M. Field controls the decision as to whether a change in control will occur for our Company. There are also provisions contained in our articles of incorporation, by-laws and Pennsylvania law that could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of our Company. In addition, FCC approval for transfers of control of FCC licenses and assignments of FCC licenses is required. These restrictions and limitations could adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock.

Our Class A stock price and trading volume could be volatile.

Our Class A common stock has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) since January 29, 1999. The market price of our Class A common stock and our trading volume have been subject to fluctuations since the date of our initial public offering. As a result, the market price of our Class A common stock could experience volatility, regardless of our operating performance.

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Our perpetual cumulative convertible preferred stock could adversely affect the price of our Class A common stock.

Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock. We have issued 11 shares of perpetual cumulative convertible preferred stock (“Preferred”) with a liquidation preference of $2.5 million per share. Our Board of Directors has the authority to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of any additional preferred stock without any further vote or action by the shareholders. The rights of the holders of our common stock may be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future.

None.

The types of properties required to support each of our radio stations include offices, studios and transmitter/antenna sites. We lease most of these sites. A station’s studios are generally housed with its offices in business districts. Our studio and office space leases typically contain lease terms with expiration dates of five to 15 years. Our transmitter/antenna sites, which may include an auxiliary transmitter/antenna as a back-up to the main site, contain lease terms that generally range from five to 30 years, which may include options to renew.

The transmitter/antenna site for each station is generally located so as to provide maximum market coverage. In general, we do not anticipate difficulties in renewing facility or transmitter/antenna site leases or in leasing additional space or sites if required.

We have approximately $99.2 million in future minimum rental commitments under these leases. Many of these leases contain clauses such as defined contractual increases or cost of living adjustments.

Our principal executive offices are located at 401 E. City Avenue, Suite 809, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania 19004, in 14,061 square feet of leased office space. The lease on these premises is due to expire on October 31, 2021. We generally consider our facilities to be suitable and of adequate size for our current and intended purposes.

We currently and from time to time are involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of our business. Management anticipates that any potential liability of ours that may arise out of or with respect to these matters will not materially adversely affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Broadcast Licenses

We could face increased costs in the form of fines and a greater risk that we could lose any one or more of our broadcasting licenses if the FCC concludes that programming broadcast by our stations was obscene, indecent or profane and such conduct warrants license revocation. The FCC’s authority to impose a fine for the broadcast of such material is $350,000 for a single incident, with a maximum fine of up to $3,300,000 for a continuing violation. In the past, the FCC has issued Notices of Apparent Liability and a Forfeiture Order with respect to several of our stations proposing fines for certain programming which the FCC deemed to have been indecent. These cases are the subject of pending administrative appeals. The FCC has also investigated other complaints from the public that some of our stations broadcast indecent programming. These investigations remain pending.

In connection with an administrative hearing, in early February we voluntarily cancelled one radio station license to facilitate certain regulatory approvals that are needed for the Merger.

Performance Fees

We incur fees from performing rights organizations (“PRO”) to license our public performance of the musical works contained in each PRO’s repertory. The Radio Music Licensing Committee, of which we are a represented participant, (1) entered into an industry-wide settlement with American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers that was effective January 1, 2017 for a five-year term; (2) is currently seeking reasonable industry-wide fees from Broadcast Music, Inc. effective January 1, 2017; (3) is currently subject to arbitration proceedings

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with the Society of European Stage Authors and Composers to determine fair and reasonable fees that would be retroactive to January 1, 2016; and (4) filed in November 2016 a motion in the U.S. District Court in Pennsylvania against Global Music Rights (“GMR”) arguing that GMR is a monopoly demanding monopoly prices and asking the Court to subject GMR to an antitrust consent decree. In January 2017, we obtained an interim license from GMR for fees effective January 1, 2017 to avoid any infringement claims by GMR for using GMR’s repertory without a license.

Not applicable.

PART II

Market Information For Our Common Stock

Our Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ETM.” The table below shows, for the quarters indicated, the reported high and low trading prices of our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange.

There is no established trading market for our Class B common stock, $0.01 par value.

Holders

As of February 15, 2017, there were approximately 243 shareholders of record of our Class A common stock. Based upon available information, we believe we have approximately 2,726 beneficial owners of our Class A common stock. There are four shareholders of record of our Class B common stock, $0.01 par value, and no shareholders of record of our Class C common stock, $0.01 par value. There is one holder of our perpetual cumulative convertible preferred stock.

Dividends

Effective with the second quarter of 2016, our Board of Directors commenced an annual common stock dividend program of $0.30 per share, with payments that approximate $2.9 million per quarter. Any future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors based upon the relevant factors at the time of such consideration, including, without limitation, compliance with the restrictions set forth in our Credit Facility and our Preferred.

A quarterly dividend on our Preferred of $0.4 million was paid in October 2015 and each of the subsequent three quarters. A quarterly dividend on our Preferred of $0.6 million was paid in October 2016 and January 2017.

For a summary of these restrictions on our ability to pay dividends, see Liquidity under Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations,” and Note 8 in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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Repurchases Of Our Stock

The following table provides information on our repurchases during the quarter ended December 31, 2016:

On July 16, 2015, we issued 11 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in connection with an acquisition. Each share of preferred stock had an initial conversion price of $14.35 (subject to typical anti-dilution adjustments, such as for common stock dividends) and a liquidation preference of $2,500,000 per share. We previously provided the information required by Item 702 of Regulation S-K in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 17, 2015.

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Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2016, the number of securities outstanding upon the exercise of outstanding options under our equity compensation plan, the weighted average exercise price of such securities and the number of securities available for grant under these plans:

For a description of the Entercom Equity Compensation Plan refer to Note 13, Share-Based Compensation, in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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Performance Graph

The following line graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return provided to shareholders of our Class A common stock relative to the cumulative total returns of: (i) the S&P 500 index; and (ii) a peer group index consisting of Cumulus Media Inc., Emmis Communications Corp., Radio One, Inc. and Beasley Broadcast Group, Inc. An investment of $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) is assumed to have been made on December 31, 2011.

Cumulative Five-Year Return Index Of A $100 Investment

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The selected financial data below, as of and for 2016 and the four prior years, were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The selected financial data for 2016, 2015 and 2014 and balance sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 are qualified by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, the corresponding audited consolidated financial statements, and the notes thereto, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this annual report. The selected financial data for 2013 and 2012 and the balance sheets as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are derived from financial statements not included herein.

Our financial results are not comparable from year to year due to acquisitions and dispositions of radio stations, impairments of broadcasting licenses and goodwill, adoption of new accounting standards, and other significant events:

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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

(amounts in thousands, except per share data)

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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

(amounts in thousands, except per share data)

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

We are the fourth-largest radio broadcasting company in the United States with a portfolio of radio stations in 28 top markets across the country.

On February 2, 2017, we and Merger Sub entered into the CBS Radio Merger Agreement with CBS and CBS Radio, pursuant to which Merger Sub will merge with and into CBS Radio with CBS Radio surviving as our wholly owned subsidiary. The Merger, is expected to be tax free to CBS and its shareholders, and will be effected through a stock for stock Reverse Morris Trust transaction. The Merger will make us a leading local media and entertainment company with a nationwide footprint of stations including positions in all of the top 10 markets and 23 of the top 25 markets. The transactions contemplated by the CBS Radio Merger Agreement are subject to approval by our shareholders and customary regulatory approvals. Such approvals will require the divestiture of stations in certain markets due to FCC ownership limitations. This transaction is expected to close during the second half of 2017.

Our results are based upon the aggregate performance of our radio stations. The following are some of the factors that impact a radio station’s performance at any given time: (i) audience ratings; (ii) program content; (iii) management talent and expertise; (iv) sales talent and expertise; (v) audience characteristics; (vi) signal strength; and (vii) the number and characteristics of other radio stations and other advertising media in the market area.

As opportunities arise, we may, on a selective basis, change or modify a station’s format due to changes in listeners’ tastes or changes in a competitor’s format. This could have an initial negative impact on a station’s ratings and/or revenues, and there are no guarantees that the modification or change will be beneficial at some future time. Our management is continually focused on these opportunities as well as the associated risks and uncertainties. We strive to develop compelling content and strong brand images to maximize audience ratings that are crucial to our stations’ financial success.

A radio broadcasting company derives its revenues primarily from the sale of broadcasting time to local, regional and national advertisers and national network advertisers who purchase spot commercials in varying lengths. A growing source of revenue is from station-related digital platforms, which allow for enhanced audience interaction and participation, and integrated local digital marketing solutions and station events. A station’s local sales staff generates the majority of its local and regional advertising sales through direct solicitations of local advertising agencies and businesses. We retain a national representation firm to sell to advertisers outside of our local markets.

In the radio broadcasting industry, seasonal revenue fluctuations are common and are due primarily to variations in advertising expenditures by local and national advertisers. Typically, revenues are lowest in the first calendar quarter of the year.

In 2016, we generated the majority of our net revenues from local advertising, which is sold primarily by each individual local radio station’s sales staff, and the next largest amount from national advertising, which is sold by an independent advertising sales representative. This includes, but is not limited to, the sale of advertising during audio streaming of our radio stations over the Internet and the sale of advertising on our stations’ websites. We generated the balance of our 2016 revenues principally from network compensation, non-spot revenue, event marketing, e-commerce and integrated local digital marketing solutions.

The majority of our revenue is recorded on a net basis, which is gross revenue less advertising agency commissions. Revenues from digital marketing solutions and e-commerce are reflected on a net basis when appropriate. Revenues from event marketing are reflected on a net basis when we are not the primary party hosting the event. The revenues are determined by the advertising rates charged and the number of advertisements broadcast. We maximize our revenues by managing the inventory of advertising spots available for broadcast, which can vary throughout the day but is consistent over time.

Our most significant station operating expenses are employee compensation, programming and promotional expenses, and audience measurement services. Other significant expenses that impact our profitability are interest and depreciation and amortization expense.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. The following results of operations include a discussion of 2016 as compared to the prior year and a discussion of 2015 as compared to the prior year.

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Results Of Operations

The year 2016 as compared to the year 2015

The following significant factors affected our results of operations for 2016 as compared to the prior year:

Business Combinations

On November 1, 2016, we commenced operations of three radio stations in Charlotte, North Carolina under a TBA with a trust, which increased our net revenues, station operating expenses and TBA expense. These radio stations were placed in trust by Beasley Broadcast Group, Inc. (“Beasley”).

In the third quarter of 2016, we recorded merger and acquisition costs of $0.7 million.

On July 16, 2015, we acquired the stock of Lincoln Financial Media Company (“Lincoln”) for $77.5 million in cash and $27.5 million in newly issued Preferred. Lincoln indirectly held the assets and liabilities of radio stations serving the Atlanta, Denver, Miami and San Diego markets (the “Lincoln Acquisition”).

On November 24, 2015, we completed a transaction with Bonneville International Corporation (“Bonneville”) to exchange certain radio stations in Denver for a radio station in Los Angeles, California (the “Bonneville Exchange”) plus additional consideration. Pursuant to a TBA, on July 17, 2015, we commenced operations of a radio station in Los Angeles. That same day, Bonneville commenced operations of certain of our Denver radio stations.

On a combined basis, the 2015 transactions resulted in an increase in 2016 to our net revenues and station operating expenses, depreciation and amortization expense and interest expense and a decrease in 2016 to our TBA income. In addition, we recognized a gain of $1.5 million in 2015 on the disposition of a radio station.

We incurred merger and acquisition costs of $4.0 million in 2015 primarily related to the Lincoln Acquisition and the Bonneville Exchange.

We incurred restructuring charges of $2.8 million in 2015 primarily as a result of the restructuring of operations for the Lincoln Acquisition. These costs included a workforce reduction charge, the recognition of duplicative contractual obligations and the abandonment of excess studio space in one of the acquired markets.

Other

On November 1, 2016, we entered into a $540 million Credit Facility and used the proceeds to: (1) refinance our outstanding senior credit facility (the “Former Credit Facility”) that was comprised of: (a) a term loan component (“Former Term B Loan”) with $223.0 million outstanding at the date of the refinancing; and (b) a revolving credit facility (the “Former Revolver”) with $3.0 million outstanding at the date of the refinancing; (2) fund the redemption of the $220.0 million 10.5% Senior Notes due December 1, 2019 (the “Senior Notes”) and discharge the indenture (the “Indenture”) governing the Senior Notes that is effective December 1, 2016; (3) fund $11.6 million of accrued interest and a call premium of $5.8 million on the Senior Notes; and (4) pay transaction costs associated with the refinancing.

As a result of the refinancing activity described above, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10.9 million, related refinancing expenses of $0.6 million, and new deferred financing costs of $8.0 million. The loss on extinguishment of debt was included in other income.

During the third quarter of 2016, we settled a legal claim with British Petroleum as a result of their Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico that occurred in 2010 and recovered $2.3 million on a net basis after deducting certain related expenses. The claim was a result of lost business due to the oil spill. This amount was included in other income and expense.

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Net Revenues

Net revenues increased across most of our markets. For our core stations, which exclude the new stations acquired/disposed of through the Lincoln Acquisition and Bonneville Exchange, net revenues were up in the low-single digits. Comparing our performance for the new stations to the prior owners’ performance, net revenues were up in the high single digits. Net revenues from the new stations together with our core stations contributed to overall double digit growth over prior year results.

Excluding the benefit of the net revenues associated with the new stations, net revenues increased the most for our stations located in the Denver and San Francisco markets.

Excluding the benefit of the net revenues associated with the new stations, net revenues decreased the most for our stations located in the New Orleans and Portland markets.

Station Operating Expenses

For our core stations, station operating expenses increased in the low single digits. Comparing our performance for the new stations to the prior owners’ performance, station operating expenses decreased in the mid-single digits. Station operating expenses from the new stations together with our core stations contributed to the reported overall expense increase over prior year results, primarily due to an increase in the variable expenses associated with the increase in net revenues.

Depreciation And Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased in 2016 primarily due to the acquisition in 2015 of assets included in the Lincoln Acquisition.

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Corporate General And Administrative Expenses

Corporate general and administrative expenses increased primarily due to an increase in costs associated with: (1) a $1.0 million bonus incurred in the second quarter in connection with a new employment agreement for our Chief Executive Officer; (2) an increase in non-cash equity compensation expense of $0.9 million; (3) an increase in deferred compensation expense of $0.7 million as our deferred compensation liability generally tracks the movements in the stock market; and (4) investment in corporate marketing capabilities and staff.

Operating Income

Operating income this year benefited from: (1) an increase in net revenues, net of station operating expenses, to reflect a full year of operations of the Lincoln Acquisition and the Bonneville Exchange as these stations were only included in operations for a portion of the year in 2015; (2) an increase in net revenues, net of station operating expenses and TBA fees, for the commencement of operations in Charlotte, North Carolina of three radio stations under a TBA that was effective November 1, 2016; and (3) a net reduction in merger and acquisition costs and restructuring charges of $6.1 million.

Interest Expense

Net interest expense was down $1.4 million for the year as average outstanding debt upon which interest is computed, declined slightly as compared to the prior year.

There would have been a further decrease in interest expense, however, we incurred interest expense on $220 million in debt outstanding under both the Senior Notes and the Term B Loan for the month of November. Assuming LIBOR is flat, we expect interest expense to decrease in future periods as a result of the decrease in future outstanding debt upon which interest is computed and the elimination of our Senior Notes as a result of the refinancing.

The weighted average variable interest rate as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 was 4.5% and 4.1%, respectively.

Income Before Income Taxes

The increase was largely attributable to: (1) improved results of operations; (2) a decrease of $6.1 million in merger and acquisition costs and restructuring charges; and (3) a $2.3 million settlement (net of certain expenses) with British Petroleum as a result of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico. These increases were partially offset by a $10.9 million loss on extinguishment of debt incurred in connection with our refinancing of our Credit Facility and redemption of the Senior Notes.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 28.0% for 2016, which was impacted by: (1) discrete income tax benefits from the reversal of valuation allowances against net operating losses for certain single member states due to changes in future estimated income; (2) the reversal of partial valuation allowances in certain single member states as a result of internal restructuring; and (3) a retroactive decrease in deferred tax liabilities associated with non-amortizable assets such as broadcasting licenses and goodwill. Our income tax rate has been trending down as expenses not deductible for tax purposes have decreased due to the issuance to senior management of a higher percentage of awards that were fully deductible for tax purposes.

The effective income tax rate was 38.7% for 2015, which was impacted by an adjustment for expenses that are not deductible for tax purposes and an increase in net deferred tax liabilities associated with non-amortizable assets such as broadcasting licenses and goodwill. Our income tax rate had been trending down as expenses not deductible for tax purposes decreased due to the issuance to senior management of a higher percentage of awards that were fully deductible for tax purposes. Effective with the Lincoln Acquisition and the Bonneville Exchange, the estimated annual income tax rate increased due to the impact of acquisitions on our state income apportionments to states with higher income tax rates. This increase was offset by a discrete state income tax credit due to recent legislation that allowed for the release of a partial valuation allowance in a certain single member state.

Estimated Income Tax Rate For 2017

We estimate that our 2017 annual tax rate before discrete items, which may fluctuate from quarter to quarter, will be about 40%. We anticipate that our rate in 2017 could be affected primarily by: (1) changes in the

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level of income in any of our taxing jurisdictions; (2) adding facilities through mergers or acquisition in states that on average have different income tax rates from states in which we currently operate and the resulting effect on previously reported temporary differences between the tax and financial reporting bases of our assets and liabilities; (3) the effect of recording changes in our liabilities for uncertain tax positions; (4) taxes in certain states that are dependent on factors other than taxable income; (5) the limitations on the deduction of cash and certain non-cash compensation expense for certain key employees; and (6) any tax benefit shortfall associated with share-based awards. Our annual effective tax rate may also be materially impacted by: (i) tax expense associated with non-amortizable assets such as broadcasting licenses and goodwill; (ii) regulatory changes in certain states in which we operate; (iii) changes in the expected outcome of tax audits; (iv) changes in the estimate of expenses that are not deductible for tax purposes; and (v) changes in the deferred tax valuation allowance.

In the event we determine at a future time that it is more likely than not that we will not realize our net deferred tax assets, we will increase our deferred tax asset valuation allowance and increase income tax expense in the period when we make such a determination.

Net Deferred Tax Liabilities

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our total net deferred tax liabilities were $92.9 million and $78.2 million, respectively. Our net deferred tax liabilities primarily relate to differences between book and tax bases of certain of our indefinite-lived intangibles (broadcasting licenses and goodwill). Under accounting guidance, we do not amortize our indefinite-lived intangibles for financial statement purposes, but instead test them annually for impairment. The amortization of our indefinite-lived assets for tax purposes but not for book purposes creates deferred tax liabilities. A reversal of deferred tax liabilities may occur when indefinite-lived intangibles: (1) become impaired; or (2) are sold, which would typically only occur in connection with the sale of the assets of a station or groups of stations or the entire company in a taxable transaction. Due to the amortization for tax purposes and not book purposes of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, we expect to continue to generate deferred tax liabilities in future periods (without consideration for any impairment loss in future periods).

Net Income Available To The Company

The change in net income available to the Company was primarily attributable to the reasons described above under Income Before Income Taxes and Income Taxes.

Results Of Operations

The year 2015 as compared to the year 2014

The following significant factors affected our results of operations for 2015 as compared to the prior year:

Business Combinations

On July 16, 2015, we closed on the Lincoln Acquisition for $77.5 million in cash and $27.5 million in newly issued Preferred for radio stations serving the Atlanta, Denver, Miami and San Diego markets.

Under the Bonneville Exchange, on July 17, 2015, we commenced operations of a radio station in Los Angeles and that same day, Bonneville commenced operations of certain of our Denver radio stations. On November 24, 2015, we completed the Bonneville Exchange.

On a combined basis, the above transactions resulted in an increase to our net revenues and station operating expenses, our TBA income, depreciation and amortization expense and interest expense. In addition, we recognized a gain of $1.5 million on the disposition of a radio station.

We incurred merger and acquisition costs of $4.0 million in 2015 and $1.0 million in 2014 primarily related to the Lincoln Acquisition and the Bonneville Exchange.

We incurred restructuring charges of $2.8 million in 2015 primarily as a result of the restructuring of operations for the Lincoln Acquisition. These costs included a workforce reduction charge, the recognition of duplicative contractual obligations and the abandonment of excess studio space in one of the acquired markets.

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Other

During the third quarter of 2014, we settled a legal claim for $1.0 million. This amount was included in corporate general and administrative expenses.

Net Revenues

The increase in net revenues for 2015 was primarily attributable to the net revenues from the Lincoln Acquisition and Bonneville Exchange. Excluding the net revenues from these new radio stations and the divested station, net revenues were up in the low single digits. Also, the prior year benefited from the influx of political advertising.

Excluding the benefit of the net revenues associated with the new stations, net revenues increased the most for our stations in the Boston and Kansas City markets, offset by revenue decreases for our stations located in the Denver market (includes the impact of a station we exchanged with Bonneville) and the New Orleans market.

Station Operating Expenses

The increase in station operating expenses for 2015 was primarily attributable to the Lincoln Acquisition and the Bonneville Exchange. Excluding the station operating expenses from these new radio stations and the divested station, station operating expenses were up in the low single digits primarily due to a correlating increase in the variable expenses associated with the increase in net revenues which was also in the low single digits. Station operating expenses also increased for 2015 due to the continuing investment and development within our markets of digital product offerings.

Depreciation And Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased in 2015 primarily due to the acquisition of assets included in the Lincoln Acquisition.

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Corporate General And Administrative Expenses

Corporate general and administrative expenses were essentially flat for 2015.

Operating Income

Operating income was essentially flat for 2015. Operating income in 2015 benefited from: (1) an increase in net revenues, net of station operating expenses, of $3.1 million, that included the operation of the new stations and the disposition of one station; and (2) an increase in gains on the sale or disposal of assets of $2.0 million primarily related to the one station that was disposed to Bonneville. This increase was offset primarily due to an increase in 2015 of merger and acquisition costs and restructuring charges of $5.8 million related to the acquisition and integration of the new stations.

Interest Expense

The decrease in interest expense for 2015 was primarily due to the lower outstanding debt upon which interest is computed for at least half of the year, offset by the increase in interest expense on the borrowing of $42.0 million under the revolving credit facility needed to partially fund closing on the Lincoln Acquisition as our variable interest rates remained flat for most of the year.

The weighted average variable interest rate as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 was 4.1% and 4.0%, respectively.

Income Before Income Taxes

The increase for 2015 was largely attributable to the $0.9 million decrease in interest expense as operating income was essentially flat.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 38.7% for 2015, which was impacted by an adjustment for expenses that are not deductible for tax purposes and an increase in net deferred tax liabilities associated with non-amortizable assets such as broadcasting licenses and goodwill. Our income tax rate has been trending down as expenses not deductible for tax purposes have decreased due to the issuance to senior management of a higher percentage of awards that were fully deductible for tax purposes. Effective with the Lincoln Acquisition and the Bonneville Exchange, the estimated annual income tax rate increased due to the impact of acquisitions on our state income apportionments to states with higher income tax rates. This increase was offset by a discrete state income tax credit due to recent legislation that allowed for the release of a partial valuation allowance in a certain single member state.

The effective income tax rate was 42.6% for 2014, which was higher than expected due to an adjustment for expenses that are not deductible for tax purposes and net deferred tax liabilities associated with non-amortizable assets such as broadcasting licenses and goodwill. During this period, we received a discrete tax benefit from legislatively reduced income tax rates in certain states.

Net Income Available To The Company

The net change in net income available to us for 2015, was primarily attributable to the reasons described above under Income Before Income Taxes and Income Taxes.

Future Impairments

We may determine that it will be necessary to take impairment charges in future periods if we determine the carrying value of our intangible assets is more than the fair value. Our annual impairment test of our broadcasting licenses and goodwill was performed in the second quarter of 2016. We may be required to retest prior to our next annual evaluation, which could result in an impairment. As of December 31, 2016, no interim impairment test was required for our broadcasting licenses and goodwill.

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Liquidity And Capital Resources

Liquidity

On November 1, 2016, we entered into a $540 million Credit Facility with a syndicate of lenders and used the proceeds to: (1) refinance the Former Credit Facility; (2) fund the redemption of our Senior Notes; (3) fund $11.6 million of accrued interest and a call premium of $5.8 million on the Senior Notes; and (4) pay transaction costs associated with the refinancing.

The Credit Facility is comprised of a $60 million Revolver and a $480 million Term B Loan. As of December 31, 2016, we had $480.0 million outstanding under the Term B Loan component and no amount was outstanding under the Revolver component. In addition, we had $0.7 million in outstanding letters of credit. As of December 31, 2016, we had $46.8 million in cash and cash equivalents.

Over the past several years, we have used a significant portion of our cash flow to reduce our indebtedness. Generally, our cash requirements are funded from one or a combination of internally generated cash flow, cash on hand and borrowings under our Revolver. As of December 31, 2016, we have sufficient cash balances to complete the Beasley acquisition without borrowing under the Revolver. For the year ended December 31, 2016, we decreased our outstanding net debt by $8.7 million.

We may also use our capital resources to repurchase shares of our Class A common stock, to pay dividends to our shareholders, and to make acquisitions. We may from time to time seek to repurchase and retire our outstanding debt through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material. We could also use our capital resources to repurchase the Preferred from time to time.

The Refinancing

The Credit Facility

On November 1, 2016, we and our wholly owned subsidiary, Radio, entered into a $540 million Credit Facility with a syndicate of lenders and used the proceeds to: (1) refinance our Former Credit Facility that was comprised of: (a) a Former Term B Loan with $223.0 million outstanding at the date of the refinancing; and (b) a Former Revolver with $3.0 million outstanding at the date of the refinancing; (2) fund the redemption effective December 1, 2016 of the Senior Notes and discharged the Indenture governing the Senior Notes; (3) fund $11.6 million of accrued interest and a call premium of $5.8 million on the Senior Notes; and (4) pay transaction costs associated with the refinancing. In the fourth quarter of 2016, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10.9 related to the refinancing. We recorded new deferred financing costs of $8.0 million and incurred third party costs of $0.6 million as a result of the refinancing activities.

The $60 million Revolver has a maturity date of November 1, 2021 and provides for interest based upon the prime rate or the LIBOR rate plus a margin. The margin may increase or decrease based upon our Consolidated Leverage Ratio as defined in the agreement. The initial margin is at LIBOR plus 3.5% or the prime rate plus 2.5%. In addition, the Revolver requires the payment of a commitment fee of 0.5% per annum for the unused amount.

The $480 million Term B Loan has a maturity date of November 1, 2023 and provides for interest based upon the Base Rate or LIBOR, plus a margin. The initial rate is at LIBOR plus 3.5%, with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%, or the Base Rate plus 2.5%. The Base Rate is the highest of: (a) the administrative agent’s prime rate; (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5%; or (c) the LIBOR Rate plus 1.0%. The facility amortizes: (1) with equal quarterly installments of principal in annual amounts equal to 1.0% of the original principal amount of the Term B Loan; and (2) mandatory yearly prepayments based upon a percentage of Excess Cash Flow as defined in the loan agreement. The first such Excess Cash Flow payment, if any, will be due in the first quarter of 2018. Any remaining principal and interest is due at maturity.

We expect to use the Revolver to: (1) provide for working capital; and (2) provide for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures and any or all of the following (subject to certain restrictions): repurchases of Class A common stock, repurchases of preferred stock, dividends, investments and acquisitions. The Credit Facility is secured by a pledge of 100% of the capital stock and other equity interest in all of our wholly owned subsidiaries. In addition, the Credit Facility is secured by a lien on substantially all of our assets with limited exclusions (including our real property). Our parent, Entercom Communications Corp., and all of our subsidiaries jointly and severally guaranteed the Credit Facility. The assets securing the Credit Facility are subject to customary release provisions which would enable us to sell such assets free and clear of encumbrance, subject to certain conditions and exceptions.

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The Credit Facility has usual and customary covenants including, but not limited to, consolidated leverage ratios, consolidated interest coverage ratios, limitations on acquisitions, stock repurchases, additional borrowings, and dividends. Specifically, the Credit Facility requires us to comply with certain financial covenants which are defined terms within the agreement, including:

As of December 31, 2016, our Consolidated Leverage Ratio was 3.7 times and our Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio was 5.1 times.

As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with all financial covenants then applicable and all other terms of the Credit Facility in all material respects. Our ability to maintain compliance with our covenants under the Credit Facility is highly dependent on our results of operations. Management believes that over the next 12 months we can continue to maintain compliance. Our operating cash flow remains positive, and we believe that it is adequate to fund our operating needs. We believe that cash on hand and cash from operating activities will be sufficient to permit us to meet our liquidity requirements over the next 12 months, including our debt repayments.

Failure to comply with our financial covenants or other terms of our Credit Facility and any subsequent failure to negotiate and obtain any required relief from our lenders could result in a default under the Credit Facility. Any event of default could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. The acceleration of our debt could have a material adverse effect on our business. We may seek from time to time to amend our Credit Facility or obtain other funding or additional funding, which may result in higher interest rates on our debt.

The Credit Facility is secured by a pledge of 100% of the capital stock and other equity interest in all of our wholly owned subsidiaries. In addition, the Credit Facility is secured by a lien on substantially all of our assets, with limited exclusions (including our real property). The assets securing the Credit Facility are subject to customary release provisions which would enable us to sell such assets free and clear of encumbrance, subject to certain conditions and exceptions.

The Former Credit Facility

On November 23, 2011, we entered into the Former Credit Facility with a syndicate of lenders for a $425 million Credit Facility, which was initially comprised of: (a) the $50 million Former Revolver that was set to mature on November 23, 2016; and (b) the $375 million Former Term B Loan that was set to mature on November 23, 2018.

The Former Term B Loan required mandatory prepayments equal to a percentage of Excess Cash Flow, which was defined within the agreement and was subject to incremental step-downs depending on the consolidated Leverage Ratio.

In December 2015, we reduced the total Former Revolver capacity from $50 million to $40 million.

Senior Notes

In connection with the refinancing described above, on November 1, 2016, we issued a call notice to redeem our Senior Notes with an effective date of December 1, 2016. We incurred interest in November 2016 on both the Senior Notes and the Credit Facility as we placed funds in escrow from November 1, 2016 until the redemption date. On November 1, 2016, we deposited the following funds in escrow to satisfy our obligations under the Senior Notes and discharge the Indenture governing the Senior Notes: (1) $220 million to redeem the Senior Notes in full; (2) $11.6 million for accrued and unpaid interest through December 1, 2016; and (3) $5.8 million for a call premium for the early retirement of the Senior notes. As a result of the refinancing, we recorded a $10.1 million loss on extinguishment of debt that included the call premium, unamortized deferred financing expense and the original issue discount.

As background, simultaneously with entering into the Former Credit Facility on November 23, 2011, we issued the Senior Notes in the amount of $220.0 million. Interest on the Senior Notes was payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year.

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In addition to the parent, Entercom Communications Corp., all of our existing subsidiaries (other than Radio, which is a finance subsidiary and was the issuer of the Senior Notes), jointly and severally guaranteed the Senior Notes.

Perpetual Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

Upon closing on the Lincoln Acquisition, we issued $27.5 of Preferred that in the event of a liquidation, ranks senior to common stock in our capital structure. The liquidation preference of the preferred stock rank senior to liquidation payments to our common shareholders. The Preferred is convertible by Lincoln into a fixed number of shares after a three-year waiting period, subject to customary anti-dilution provisions. At certain times (including the first three years after issuance), we can redeem the Preferred in cash at a price of 100%. The dividend rate on the Preferred increases over time from 6% to 12%.

Debt Repurchases

We may from time to time seek to repurchase and retire our outstanding debt through cash purchases, open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Operating Activities

Net cash flows provided by operating activities were $72.0 million and $64.8 million for 2016 and 2015, respectively. The cash flows from operating activities increased primarily due to the increase in net revenues, net of station operating expenses, from the Lincoln Acquisition and Bonneville Exchange as the current year benefited from a full year of operating these radio stations. This increase was offset by a net increase in working capital requirements of $12.1 million primarily related to the increase in operating income.

Net cash flows provided by operating activities were $64.8 million and $65.3 million for 2015 and 2014, respectively. The cash flows from operating activities decreased primarily due to the cash requirements to fund the increase of $5.8 million in merger and acquisitions costs and restructuring charges associated primarily associated with the Lincoln Acquisition. This decrease in cash flows from operating activities was offset by a $3.1 million increase in operating income primarily due to net revenues, net of station operating expenses, from the Lincoln Acquisition and Bonneville Exchange.

Investing Activities

For 2016, net cash flows provided by investing activities were $0.5 million, which primarily reflected the proceeds from the sales of various assets in Kansas City, land in Miami, and the sale of two AM radio stations, which were partially offset by additions to property and equipment of $7.3 million. For 2015, net cash flows used in investing activities were $91.7 million, which primarily reflected the purchase of radio station assets of $83.6 million (excluding the issuance of the Preferred and cash acquired from Lincoln). For 2014, net cash flows used in investing activities were $7.1 million, which primarily reflected the additions to property and equipment of $8.4 million.

Financing Activities

For 2016, net cash flows used in financing activities were $34.9 million, which primarily reflect the proceeds under our Credit Facility, offset by the retirement of our Former Credit Facility and our Senior Notes. For 2015, net cash flows provided by financing activities primarily reflect the use of the Former Revolver of $58.0 million of which $42.0 million was used to fund a portion of the cash requirements necessary to complete the Lincoln Acquisition. This was offset by the reduction of our net borrowings of $51.3 million. For 2014, the cash flows used in financing activities primarily reflected the net repayment of debt of $37.5 million.

Income Taxes

During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we paid a nominal amount in income taxes (state income taxes) as we have benefited from the tax deductions available on acquired assets, which are primarily intangible assets such as broadcasting licenses and goodwill. For 2016, we estimate that we will have income subject to tax in the mid-single digit millions before the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”). In addition, for 2016, we paid $0.2 million in Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”). The AMT is available to be carried forward indefinitely to be used as a credit to offset future income tax liabilities.

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For 2017, we anticipate that we will continue to utilize federal and state NOLs to offset income subject to tax. This should significantly reduce our obligation to make quarterly estimated federal and most state income tax payments. Our obligation to pay in quarterly AMT should continue.

Dividends

During the second quarter of 2016, we commenced an annual $0.30 per share common stock dividend program, with payments that approximate $2.9 million per quarter. Any future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors based upon the relevant factors at the time of such consideration, including, without limitation, compliance with the restrictions set forth in our Credit Facility.

A quarterly dividend on our Preferred of $0.4 million was paid in October 2015 and each of the subsequent three quarters. A quarterly dividend on our Preferred of $0.6 million was paid in October 2016 and January 2017.

See Liquidity under Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations,” and Note 8 in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Share Repurchase Programs

We do not currently have any share repurchase programs authorized. Any share repurchase program is subject to the approval of our Board of Directors. Such approval would be dependent on many factors, including but not limited to, market conditions and restrictions under our Credit Facility. New share repurchase programs could be commenced at any time without prior notice.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures for 2016, 2015 and 2014 were $7.3 million, $7.0 million and $8.4 million, respectively. We anticipate that capital expenditures in 2017 will be between $14.0 million and $16.0 million. Capital expenditures are anticipated to be significantly higher in 2017 due to the expected relocation, consolidation and improvement of studio facilities in several of our larger markets. These expected expenditures do not consider any cash we may receive from the sale of existing owned studio facilities and cash available from landlords for tenant improvement allowances.

Credit Rating Agencies

On a continuing basis, Standard and Poor’s, Moody’s Investor Services and other rating agencies may evaluate our debt in order to assign a credit rating. Any significant downgrade in our credit rating could adversely impact our future liquidity by limiting or eliminating our ability to obtain debt financing.

Contractual Obligations

The following table reflects a summary of our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2016:

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2016 and as of the date this report was filed (other than as described below), we did not have any material off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, or obligations, including contingent obligations.

For the trust assets in Charlotte, North Carolina, operated by us during the period of the TBA and which were acquired by us in January 2017, we consolidated the trust’s assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2016 as we are the primary beneficiary of the Charlotte Trust. As the primary beneficiary, we will absorb the majority of the profits and losses from the operation of the trust’s assets during the period of the TBA.

We do not have any other relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet financial arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes as of December 31, 2016. Accordingly, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

Market Capitalization

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our total equity market capitalization was $622.8 million and $445.6 million, respectively, which was $229.4 million and $84.1 million higher, respectively, than our book equity value on those dates. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our stock price was $15.30 per share and $11.23 per share, respectively.

Intangibles

As of December 31, 2016, approximately 80% of our total assets consisted of radio broadcast licenses and goodwill, the value of which depends significantly upon the operational results of our business. We could not operate our radio stations without the related FCC license for each station. FCC licenses are subject to renewal every eight years. Consequently, we continually monitor the activities of our stations to ensure they comply with all regulatory requirements. See Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” for a discussion of the risks associated with the renewal of licenses.

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Inflation

Inflation has affected our performance by increasing our radio station operating expenses in terms of higher costs for wages and multi-year vendor contracts with assumed inflationary built-in escalator clauses. The exact effects of inflation, however, cannot be reasonably determined. There can be no assurance that a high rate of inflation in the future would not have an adverse effect on our profits, especially since our Credit Facility is variable rate.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of recently issued accounting standards, see Note 2 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different circumstances or by using different assumptions.

We consider the following policies to be important in understanding the judgments involved in preparing our consolidated financial statements and the uncertainties that could affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows:

Revenue Recognition

We generate revenue from the sale to advertisers of various services and products, including but not limited to: (1) commercial broadcast time; (2) digital advertising; (3) local events; (4) e-commerce where an advertiser’s goods and services are sold through our websites; and (5) integrated digital advertising solutions.

Revenue from services and products is recognized when delivered.

Advertiser payments received in advance of when the products or services are delivered are recorded on our balance sheet as unearned revenue.

Revenues presented in the consolidated financial statements are reflected on a net basis, after the deduction of advertising agency fees by the advertising agencies. We also evaluate when it is appropriate to recognize revenue based on the gross amount invoiced to the customer or the net amount retained by us if a third party is involved.

Allowance For Doubtful Accounts

We evaluate our allowance for doubtful accounts on an ongoing basis. We specifically review historical write-off activity by market, large customer concentrations, customer creditworthiness, the economic conditions of the customer’s industry, and changes in our customer payment practices when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Our historical estimates have been a reliable method to estimate future allowances.

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Contingencies And Litigation

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our exposure related to contingencies and litigation and record a liability when available information indicates that a liability is probable and estimable. We also disclose significant matters that may reasonably result in a loss or are probable but not estimable.

Estimation Of Our Tax Rates

We must make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments must be used in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities because of differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. As changes occur in our assessments regarding our ability to recover our deferred tax assets, our tax provision is increased in any period in which we determine that the recovery is not probable.

We expect our effective tax rate, before discrete items, changes in the valuation allowance, the tax expense associated with non-amortizable assets and impairment losses, to be about 40%.

In 2016, our tax rate was 28.0%, which was lower than expected due to discrete items for: (1) tax benefits associated with legislative changes in certain single member states; and (2) a reduction in our valuation allowances against net operating losses in certain single member states as a result of internal restructuring. The income tax rate in 2015 of 38.7% was lower due to certain discrete tax benefits and the income tax rate in 2014 of 42.6% was higher primarily due to a tax benefit shortfall associated with share-based awards.

The calculation of our tax liabilities requires us to account for uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the two-step process prescribed within the interpretation of accounting for uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition of a tax benefit by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit based upon its technical merits, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that has greater than a 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We evaluate these uncertain tax positions, and review whether any new uncertain tax positions have arisen, on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, historical experience with similar tax matters, guidance from our tax advisors, and new audit activity. A change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision in the period in which the change occurs.

We believe our estimates of the value of our tax contingencies and valuation allowances are critical accounting estimates, as they contain assumptions based on past experiences and judgments about potential actions by taxing jurisdictions. It is reasonably likely that the ultimate resolution of these matters may be greater or less than the amount that we have currently accrued. The effect of a 1% increase in our estimated tax rate as of December 31, 2016 would be an increase in income tax expense of $0.5 million and a decrease in net income available to common shareholders of $0.5 million (net income available to common shareholders per basic and diluted share of $0.01) for 2016.

Radio Broadcasting Licenses And Goodwill

We have made acquisitions in the past for which a significant amount of the purchase price was allocated to broadcasting licenses and goodwill assets. As of December 31, 2016, we have recorded approximately $856 million in radio broadcasting licenses and goodwill, which represents 80% of our total assets at that date. We must conduct impairment testing at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired, and charge to operations an impairment expense in the periods in which the recorded value of these assets is more than their fair value. Any such impairment could be material. After an impairment expense is recognized, the recorded value of these assets will be reduced by the amount of the impairment expense and that result will be the assets’ new accounting basis. Our most recent impairment loss to our broadcasting licenses and goodwill was in 2012.

We believe our estimate of the value of our radio broadcasting licenses and goodwill assets is an important accounting estimate as the value is significant in relation to our total assets, and our estimate of the value uses assumptions that incorporate variables based on past experiences and judgments about future performance of our stations.

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Broadcasting Licenses Impairment Test

We perform our broadcasting license impairment test by using the direct method at the market level. Each market’s broadcasting licenses are combined into a single unit of accounting for the purpose of testing impairment, as the broadcasting licenses in each market are operated as a single asset. We determine the fair value of broadcasting licenses in each of our markets by relying on a discounted cash flow approach (a 10-year income model) assuming a start-up scenario in which the only assets held by an investor are broadcasting licenses. Our fair value analysis contains assumptions based upon past experience, reflects expectations of industry observers and includes judgments about future performance using industry normalized information for an average station within a certain market. These assumptions include, but are not limited to: (1) the discount rate; (2) the market share and profit margin of an average station within a market based upon market size and station type; (3) the forecast growth rate of each radio market; (4) the estimated capital start-up costs and losses incurred during the early years; (5) the likely media competition within the market area; (6) the tax rate; and (7) future terminal values. Changes in our estimates of the fair value of these assets could result in material future period write-downs in the carrying value of our broadcasting licenses and goodwill assets.

The methodology used by us in determining our key estimates and assumptions was applied consistently to each market. Of the seven variables identified above, we believe that the assumptions in items (1) through (3) above are the most important and sensitive in the determination of fair value.

We most recently completed our annual impairment test for broadcasting licenses during the second quarter of 2016 and determined that the fair value of the broadcasting licenses was more than the carrying value in each of our markets and, as a result, we did not record an impairment loss.

The following table reflects the estimates and assumptions used in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to the second quarter of 2015, the date of the most recent prior impairment test:

While we believe we have made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of our broadcasting licenses, these estimates and assumptions could be materially different from actual results.

If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by the industry or by us, or if events occur or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value of our broadcasting licenses below the amount reflected on the balance sheet, we may be required to recognize impairment charges, which could be material, in future periods.

The table below presents the percentage within a range by which the fair value exceeded the carrying value of our radio broadcasting licenses as of December 31, 2016 for 24 units of accounting (24 geographical markets) where the carrying value of the licenses is considered material to our financial statements. Our newest market, Charlotte, North Carolina, is excluded from this table, however, certain of the same assumptions were used in the valuation of the assets that are included as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) in our balance sheet as of December 31, 2016. Rather than presenting the percentage separately for each unit of accounting, management’s opinion is that this table in summary form is more meaningful to the reader in assessing the recoverability of the broadcasting licenses. In addition, the units of accounting are not disclosed with the specific market name as such disclosure could be competitively harmful to us.

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Broadcasting Licenses Valuation At Risk

The second quarter 2016 impairment test of our broadcasting licenses indicated that there were 11 units of accounting where the fair value exceeded their carrying value by 10% or less. In aggregate, these 11 units of accounting have a carrying value of $534.0 million. If overall market conditions or the performance of the economy deteriorates, advertising expenditures and radio industry results could be negatively impacted, including expectations for future growth. This could result in future impairment charges for these or other of our units of accounting.

Goodwill Impairment Test

We perform our annual goodwill impairment test during the second quarter of each year by evaluating our goodwill for each reporting unit. We determined that a radio market is a reporting unit and, in total, we assessed goodwill at 23 separate reporting units. In determining the reporting units to evaluate, we excluded: (1) four reporting units that had no goodwill; and (2) one reporting unit recorded as a VIE as of December 31, 2016, however, certain of the same assumptions were used in determining the fair value of these assets.

If the fair value of any reporting unit is less than the amount reflected in the balance sheet, an indication exists that the amount of goodwill attributed to a reporting unit may be impaired, and we are required to perform a second step of the impairment test. In the second step, we compare the amount reflected in the balance sheet to the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill, determined by allocating the reporting unit’s fair value to all of its assets and liabilities in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation.

To determine the fair value, we use a market approach and, when appropriate, an income approach in computing the fair value for each reporting unit. The market approach calculates the fair value of each market’s radio stations by analyzing recent sales of similar properties expressed as a multiple of cash flow. The income approach utilizes a discounted cash flow method by projecting the subject property’s income over a specified time and capitalizing at an appropriate market rate to arrive at an indication of the most probable selling price.

In step one of our goodwill analysis, we considered the results of the market approach and, where appropriate, the income approach in computing the fair value of our reporting units. In the market approach, we applied an estimated market multiple of between seven and a half times and eight times to each reporting unit’s operating performance to calculate the fair value. This multiple was consistent with the multiple applied to all markets in the prior year. Management believes that these approaches are an appropriate measurement given the current market valuations of broadcast radio stations together with historical market transactions, including those in recent months. Factors contributing to the determination of the reporting unit’s operating performance were historical performance and management’s estimates of future performance.

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The following table reflects certain key estimates and assumptions applied to each of our markets that were used in the second quarter of 2016, and in the second quarter of 2015, the date of the most recent prior impairment test:

While we believe we have made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of our goodwill, these estimates and assumptions could be materially different from actual results.

The results of step one indicated that it was not necessary to perform the second step analysis in any of the markets tested. As a result of the step one test, no impairment loss was recorded during the second quarter of 2016. We performed a reasonableness test by comparing the fair value results for goodwill (by using the implied multiple based on our cash flow performance and our current stock price) to prevailing radio broadcast transaction multiples.

If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by the industry or us, or if events occur or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value of our goodwill below the amount reflected in the balance sheet, we may be required to conduct an interim test and possibly recognize impairment charges, which could be material, in future periods.

The table below presents the percentage within a range by which the fair value exceeded the carrying value of the reporting unit as of December 31, 2016 for 23 reporting units that were tested for goodwill impairment under step one during the second quarter of 2016. Rather than presenting the percentage separately for each reporting unit, management’s opinion is that this table in summary form is more meaningful to the reader in assessing the recoverability of the reporting unit, including goodwill. In addition, the reporting units are not disclosed with the specific market name as such disclosure could be competitively harmful to us.

Goodwill Valuation At Risk

The second quarter 2016 impairment test of our goodwill indicated that there were six reporting units that exceeded the carrying value by 10% or less. In aggregate, these six reporting units have a carrying value of $401.3 million, of which $10.9 million is goodwill.

Future impairment charges may be required on any of our reporting units, as the discounted cash flow and market-based models are subject to change based upon our performance, our stock price, peer company performance and their stock prices, overall market conditions, and the state of the credit markets.

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Sensitivity Of Key Broadcasting Licenses And Goodwill Assumptions

If we were to assume a 100 basis point change in certain of our key assumptions (a reduction in the long-term revenue growth rate, a reduction in the operating performance cash flow margin and an increase in the weighted average cost of capital) used to determine the fair value of our broadcasting licenses and goodwill using the income approach during the second quarter of 2016, the following would be the incremental impact:

To determine the radio broadcasting industry’s future revenue growth rate, management uses publicly available information on industry expectations rather than management’s own estimates, which could be different. In addition, these long-term market growth rate estimates could vary in each of our markets. Using the publicly available information on industry expectations, each market’s revenues were forecasted over a ten-year projection period to reflect the expected long-term growth rate for the radio broadcast industry, which was further adjusted for each of our markets. If the industry’s growth is less than forecasted, then the fair value of our broadcasting licenses could be negatively impacted.

Operating profit is defined as profit before interest, depreciation and amortization, income tax and corporate allocation charges. Operating profit is then divided by broadcast revenues, net of agency and national representative commissions, to compute the operating profit margin. For the broadcast license fair value analysis, the projections of operating profit margin that are used are based upon industry operating profit norms, which reflect market size and station type. These margin projections are not specific to the performance of our radio stations in a market, but are predicated on the expectation that a new entrant into the market could reasonably be expected to perform at a level similar to a typical competitor. For the goodwill fair value analysis, the projections of operating margin for each market are based on our actual historical performance. If the outlook for the radio industry’s growth declines, then operating profit margins in both the broadcasting license and goodwill fair value analyses would be negatively impacted, which would decrease the value of those assets.

The discount rate to be used by a typical market participant reflects the risk inherent in future cash flows for the broadcast industry. The same discount rate was used for each of our markets. The discount rate is calculated by weighting the required returns on interest-bearing debt and common equity capital in proportion to their estimated percentages in an expected capital structure. The capital structure was estimated based upon data available for publicly traded companies in the broadcast industry.

See Note 4, Intangible Assets And Goodwill, in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements, for a discussion of intangible assets and goodwill.

For a more comprehensive list of our accounting policies, see Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies, accompanying the consolidated financial statements included within this annual report on Form 10-K for 2016. Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included with Form 10-K contains several other policies, including policies governing the timing of revenue and expense recognition, that are important to the preparation of our consolidated financial statements, but do not meet the SEC’s definition of critical accounting policies because they do not involve

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subjective or complex judgments. In addition, for further discussion of new accounting policies that were effective for us on January 1, 2016, see the new accounting standards under Note 2 to the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates on our variable rate senior debt (the Term B Loan and Revolver). Due to our recent refinancing in November 2016, we eliminated our fixed rate debt by retiring our Senior Notes. This resulted in a substantial increase to the amount of our variable rate debt as we used proceeds from our Credit Facility to retire the Senior Notes.

If the borrowing rates under LIBOR were to increase 1% above the current rates as of December 31, 2016, our interest expense on: (1) our Term B Loan would increase $3.7 million on an annual basis as our Term B Loan provides for a minimum LIBOR floor of 1%; and (2) our Revolver would increase by $0.6 million, assuming our entire Revolver was outstanding as of December 31, 2016. From time to time, we may seek to limit our exposure to interest rate volatility through the use of interest rate hedging instruments.

Assuming LIBOR remains flat, interest expense in 2017 is expected to be lower as we anticipate reducing our outstanding debt upon which interest is computed and we expect our average interest rate will be lower due to the retirement of our Senior Notes. We may seek from time to time to amend our Credit Facility or obtain additional funding, which may result in higher interest rates on our debt and could increase our exposure to variable rate debt.

As of December 31, 2016, there were no interest rate hedging transactions outstanding.

Our credit exposure under hedging agreements similar to the agreements that we have entered into in the past, or similar agreements that we may enter into in the future, is the cost of replacing such agreements in the event of nonperformance by our counterparty. To minimize this risk, we select high credit quality counterparties. We do not anticipate nonperformance by such counterparties who we may enter into agreements with in the future, but we could recognize a loss in the event of nonperformance.

From time to time, we may invest all or a portion of our cash in cash equivalents, which are money market instruments consisting of short-term government securities and repurchase agreements that are fully collateralized by government securities. We do not believe that we have any material credit exposure with respect to these assets.

Our credit exposure related to our accounts receivable does not represent a significant concentration of credit risk due to the quantity of advertisers, the minimal reliance on any one advertiser, the multiple markets in which we operate and the wide variety of advertising business sectors.

See also additional disclosures regarding liquidity and capital resources made under Part II, Item 7, above.

Our consolidated financial statements, together with related notes and the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, are set forth on the pages indicated in Part IV, Item 15.

None.

Evaluation Of Controls And Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that are designed to ensure that: (1) information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and (2) such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognizes

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that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2016. Based on the foregoing, our President/Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2016, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes In Internal Controls

There has been no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Management’s Report On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

Management has used the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears under Item 15.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.

David J. Field, President and Chief Executive Officer

Stephen F. Fisher, Executive Vice President - Chief Financial Officer

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None.

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PART III

The information required by this Item 10 is incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which we expect to file with the SEC prior to 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

The information required by this Item 11 is incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which we expect to file with the SEC prior to 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

The information required by this Item 12 is incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which we expect to file with the SEC prior to 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

The information required by this Item 13 is incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which we expect to file with the SEC prior to 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

The information required by this Item 14 is incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which we expect to file with the SEC prior to 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

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PART IV

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders

of Entercom Communications Corp.:

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statement of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Entercom Communications Corp and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

February 28, 2017

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CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF ENTERCOM COMMUNICATIONS CORP.

ENTERCOM COMMUNICATIONS CORP.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(amounts in thousands, except share data)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

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ENTERCOM COMMUNICATIONS CORP.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)