AZEK Co Inc. - Quarter Report: 2020 June (Form 10-Q)

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2020

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-39322

The AZEK Company Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

90-1017663

( State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)


1330 W Fulton Street, Suite 350, Chicago, Illinois		60607
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (877) 275-2935

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading

Symbol

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share

AZEK

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of July 31, 2020, the registrant had 121,566,577 shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 33,068,963 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding.


		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets		3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)		4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity		5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		7
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		39
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		64
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		66
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION		69
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		69
Item 1A.	Risk Factors		70
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		109
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities		109
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		109
Item 5.	Other Information		109
Item 6.	Exhibits		109
Signatures			113

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	June 30, 2020			September 30, 2019
ASSETS:
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	215,111		$	105,947
Trade receivables, net of allowances		79,605			52,623
Inventories		130,626			115,391
Prepaid expenses		10,323			6,037
Other current assets		875			10,592

Total current assets		436,540			290,590
Property, plant and equipment, net		235,229			208,694
Goodwill		951,190			944,298
Intangible assets, net		306,095			342,418
Other assets		1,268			2,263

Total assets	$	1,930,322		$	1,788,263

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	36,414		$	47,479
Accrued rebates		22,770			22,733
Accrued interest		1,185			13,578
Current portion of long-term debt obligations		—			8,304
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		47,222			47,903

Total current liabilities		107,591			139,997
Deferred income taxes		26,732			34,003
Finance lease obligations—less current portion		10,901			11,181
Long-term debt—less current portion		506,656			1,103,313
Other non-current liabilities		8,929			9,746

Total liabilities		660,809			1,298,240
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 16)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively		—			—
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized, 121,566,577 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020, and 75,093,778 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019		122			75
Class B common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 33,068,963 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively		33			33
Additional paid-in capital		1,488,474			652,493
Accumulated deficit		(219,116	)		(162,578	)

Total stockholders’ equity		1,269,513			490,023

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,930,322		$	1,788,263

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019		2020			2019
Net sales	$	223,711		$	221,307	$	635,339		$	578,669
Cost of sales		148,588			145,897		429,553			394,948

Gross margin		75,123			75,410		205,786			183,721
Selling, general and administrative expenses		65,164			50,185		158,330			136,988
Other general expenses		1,623			1,997		6,716			6,155
Loss on disposal of plant, property and equipment		366			36		394			1,472

Operating income (loss)		7,970			23,192		40,346			39,106

Other expenses:
Interest expense		25,148			21,440		64,882			63,213
Loss on extinguishment of debt		37,538			—		37,538			—

Total other expenses		62,686			21,440		102,420			63,213

Income (loss) before income taxes		(54,716	)		1,752		(62,074	)		(24,107	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		(2,600	)		241		(4,200	)		(4,831	)

Net income (loss)	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)

Net income (loss) per common share:
Basic and Diluted	$	(0.44	)	$	0.01	$	(0.51	)	$	(0.18	)

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)

Weighted average shares used in calculating net income (loss) per common share:
Basic and Diluted		118,738,357			108,162,741		113,525,537			108,162,741

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Three and Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock								Additional						Total
	Class A				Class B				Paid-In			Accumulated			Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Equity
Balance – March 31, 2020		75,093,778	$	75		33,068,963	$	33	$	652,298		$	(167,000	)	$	485,406
Member redemptions prior to initial public offering		—		—		—		—		(477	)		—			(477	)
Conversion of profits interests into common shares		8,235,299		9		—		—		(9	)		—			—
Net proceeds from initial public offering		38,237,500		38		—		—		819,373			—			819,411
Net income (loss)		—		—		—		—		—			(52,116	)		(52,116	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		17,289			—			17,289

Balance – June 30, 2020		121,566,577	$	122		33,068,963	$	33	$	1,488,474		$	(219,116	)	$	1,269,513

Balance – September 30, 2019		75,093,778	$	75		33,068,963	$	33		652,493			(162,578	)		490,023
Member contributions prior to initial public offering		—		—		—		—		1,500			—			1,500
Member redemptions prior to initial public offering		—		—		—		—		(3,553	)		—			(3,553	)
Conversion of profits interests into common shares		8,235,299		9		—		—		(9	)		—			—
Net proceeds from initial public offering		38,237,500		38		—		—		819,373			—			819,411
Adoption of ASU 2016-16		—		—		—		—		—			1,336			1,336
Net income (loss)		—		—		—		—		—			(57,874	)		(57,874	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		18,670			—			18,670

Balance – June 30, 2020		121,566,577	$	122		33,068,963	$	33	$	1,488,474		$	(219,116	)	$	1,269,513

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Three and Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock								Additional						Total
	Class A				Class B				Paid-In			Accumulated			Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Equity
Balance – March 31, 2019		75,093,778	$	75		33,068,963	$	33	$	651,194		$	(163,169	)	$	488,133
Net income (loss)		—		—		—		—		—			1,511			1,511
Member capital redemptions		—		—		—		—		(26	)		—			(26	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		737			—			737

Balance – June 30, 2019		75,093,778	$	75		33,068,963	$	33	$	651,905		$	(161,658	)	$	490,355

Balance – September 30, 2018		75,093,778	$	75		33,068,963	$	33		648,021			(142,576	)		505,553
Adoption of ASU 2014-09		—		—		—		—		—			194			194
Net income (loss)		—		—		—		—		—			(19,276	)		(19,276	)
Member capital contributions		—		—		—		—		1,311			—			1,311
Member capital redemptions		—		—		—		—		(26	)		—			(26	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		2,599			—			2,599

Balance – June 30, 2019		75,093,778	$	75		33,068,963	$	33	$	651,905		$	(161,658	)	$	490,355

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands of U.S. dollars)

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019
Operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation		33,603			24,155
Amortization of intangibles		41,622			45,479
Non-cash interest expense		6,527			2,990
Deferred income tax benefit		(4,048	)		(5,565	)
Non-cash compensation expense		18,670			3,530
Fair value adjustment for contingent consideration		—			53
Loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment		394			1,472
Bad debt provision		522			284
Loss on extinguishment of debt		37,538			—
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables		(26,385	)		(33,739	)
Inventories		(12,703	)		(612	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(4,130	)		(3,111	)
Accounts payable		(12,753	)		(869	)
Accrued expenses and interest		(8,592	)		1,616
Other assets and liabilities		(1,105	)		3,850

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		11,286			20,257

Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(54,768	)		(46,440	)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment		223			49
Acquisition, net of cash acquired		(18,453	)		—

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(72,998	)		(46,391	)

Financing activities:
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of related costs		822,630			—
Proceeds from 2025 Senior Notes		346,500			—
Redemption of Senior Notes		(665,000	)		—
Payments of debt extinguishment costs		(24,938	)		—
Proceeds under revolving credit facility		129,000			40,000
Payments under revolving credit facility		(85,000	)		(40,000	)
Payments on long-term debt obligations		(341,958	)		(6,228	)
Payment of debt issuance costs		(7,704	)		—
Proceeds (repayments) of finance lease obligations		(601	)		1,592
Payments of contingent consideration		—			(2,000	)
Redemption of capital contributions		(3,553	)		(26	)
Capital contributions		1,500			1,311

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		170,876			(5,351	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		109,164			(31,485	)
Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of period		105,947			82,283

Cash and cash equivalents – End of period	$	215,111		$	50,798

Supplemental cash flow disclosure:
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized	$	70,801		$	66,086
Cash paid for income taxes, net		544			803
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing disclosure:
Capital expenditures in accounts payable at end of period	$	5,058		$	4,142
Property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases		630			1,549

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

(Unaudited)

1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

a. Organization

The AZEK Company Inc. (the “Company”) is a Delaware corporation that holds all of the limited liability company interests in CPG International LLC, the entity which directly and indirectly holds all of the equity interests in the operating subsidiaries. The Company is a leading manufacturer of premium, low maintenance building products for residential, commercial and industrial markets. The Company’s products include trim, deck, porch, moulding, rail, pavers, bathroom and locker systems, as well as extruded plastic sheet products and other non-fabricated products for special applications in industrial markets. The Company operates in various locations throughout the United States.

AZEK is a brand name for residential products while the commercial products are branded under the brand names Celtec, Playboard, Seaboard, Flametec, Designboard, Cortec, Sanatec, Scranton Products, Aria Partitions, Eclipse Partitions, Hiny Hiders, Tufftec Lockers and Duralife Lockers.

Initial Public Offering

On June 16, 2020, the Company completed its initial public offering (the “IPO”) of its Class A common stock, in which it sold 38,237,500 shares, including 4,987,500 shares pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The shares began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on June 12, 2020 under the symbol “AZEK”. The shares were sold at an IPO price of $23.00 per share for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $819.4 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $50.6 million and estimated offering expenses of approximately $9.5 million payable by the Company. In addition, the Company used its net proceeds to redeem $350.0 million in aggregate principal of its then-outstanding 2025 Senior Notes, $70.0 million of its then-outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility and effected a $337.7 million prepayment of its then-outstanding principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement. Refer to Note 8 for additional information.

In conjunction with the Company’s conversion from a limited liability company into a corporation (the “Corporate Conversion”) prior to the closing of the IPO, the Company effected a unit split of its then-outstanding limited liability company unit and then converted the units on a one-to-one basis into shares of capital stock of the Company, including shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. In connection with the closing of the IPO, the Company issued additional shares of its Class A common stock, options to purchase shares of Class A common stock and certain other equity awards to its indirect equity holders prior to the IPO and certain of its officers and employees. All share and per share information presented in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements has been retroactively adjusted for all periods presented for the effects of the unit split converted to stock. Refer to Note 12 and 13 for additional information.

b. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company operates on a fiscal year ending September 30. The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and in management’s opinion, includes all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring

adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position, its results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, and the cash flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2020, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year or any other period.

The Company’s financial condition and results of operations are being, and are expected to continue to be affected by the current COVID-19 public health pandemic. The economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely continue to affect demand for the Company’s products over the balance of fiscal 2020. Although management has implemented measures to mitigate any impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, these measures may not fully mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Management cannot predict the degree to, or the period over, which the Company will be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting governmental and other measures.

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s final prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on June 15, 2020 (the “Prospectus”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2019 was derived from the audited financial statements at that date. There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies from those that were disclosed in the Prospectus, except as noted below.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include revenue recognition, reserves for excess inventory, inventory obsolescence, product warranties, customer rebates, stock-based compensation, litigation, income taxes, contingent consideration, goodwill and intangible asset valuation and accounting for long-lived assets. Management’s estimates and assumptions are evaluated on an ongoing basis and are based on historical experience, current conditions and available information. Actual results may differ from estimated amounts. Estimates are revised as additional information becomes available.

Accounting Policies

Refer to the Prospectus for a discussion of the Company’s accounting policies, as updated below and for recently adopted accounting standards.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company determines the expense for all employee stock-based compensation awards by estimating their fair value and recognizing such value as an expense, on a straight-line, ratable or cliff basis, depending on the award, in the Consolidated Financial Statements over the requisite service period in which employees earn the awards. The Company estimates the fair value of performance-based awards granted to employees using the Monte Carlo pricing model and for service-based awards granted to employees using the Black Scholes pricing model. The fair value of performance-based awards that are expected to vest is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The fair value of service-based awards that are expected to vest is recognized as compensation expense on either (1) straight-line basis, (2) a ratable vesting basis or (3) a cliff vesting basis. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

To determine the fair value of a stock-based award using the Monte Carlo and Black Scholes models, the Company makes assumptions regarding the risk-free interest rate, expected future volatility, expected dividend yield and performance period. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company estimates the expected volatility of the share price by reviewing the estimated post-IPO volatility levels of its common stock in conjunction with the historical volatility levels of public companies that operate in similar industries or are similar in terms of stage of development or size and then projecting this information toward its future expected volatility. The Company exercises judgment in selecting these companies, as well as in evaluating the available historical and implied volatility for these companies. Dividend yield is determined based on the Company’s future plans to pay dividends. The Company calculates the performance period based on the specific market condition to be achieved and derived from estimates of future performance. The Company calculates the expected term in years for each stock option using a simplified method based on the average of each option’s vesting term and original contractual term. The simplified method is used due to the lack of sufficient historical data available to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term of each stock option.

Concurrently with the closing of the IPO, the Company granted to certain of its directors, officers and employees restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock options, each of which vest upon the satisfaction of a service condition or a performance condition.

Earnings Per Share

Basic net income per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Potentially dilutive shares are included in the diluted per-share calculations using the treasury stock method for the periods in fiscal year 2020 when the effect of their inclusion is dilutive. As the Company did not have shares outstanding prior to its IPO in June 2020, the Company did not have dilutive shares during fiscal year 2019. Refer to Note 14 for additional information.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs primarily relate to new product development, product claims support and manufacturing process improvements. Such costs are expensed as incurred and are included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Total research and development expenses were approximately $1.7 million and $2.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, and $5.7 million and $5.9 million, respectively, for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (“JOBS”) Act, the Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (“EGC”) and as such, has elected not to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting pronouncements. During the extended transition period, the Company is not subject to new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. The accounting pronouncements pending adoption below reflect effective dates for the Company as an EGC with the extended transition period.

On October 1, 2018, the Company early adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The update supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance. Under the new standard, entities are required to identify the contract with a customer; identify the separate performance obligations in the contract; determine the transaction price; allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations in the contract; and recognize the appropriate amount of revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies each performance obligation. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Refer to Note 2 for additional information.

On October 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfer of Assets Other Than Inventory. The standard amends several aspects of the tax accounting and recognition timing for intra-company transfers. The Company adopted the standard using a modified retrospective approach, with an adjustment to the beginning retained earnings of approximately $1.3 million, due to the cumulative impact of adopting the standard. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Refer to Note 15 for additional information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance in September 2017 within ASU No. 2017-13, in January 2018 within ASU No. 2018-01, in July 2018 within ASU Nos. 2018-10 and 2018-11, in December 2018 within ASU No. 2018-20, in March 2019 within ASU No. 2019-01, in November 2019 within ASU No. 2019-10 and in June 2020 within ASU No. 2020-05. This standard requires lessees to present right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. For public entities, the updated standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. This standard is effective for the Company as an EGC for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. Assuming the Company remains an EGC, the Company intends to adopt the updated standard during its fiscal year beginning October 1, 2022 and for interim periods within that fiscal year. This standard provides the option to adopt through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption, instead of applying the new guidance retrospectively for each prior reporting period presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact these ASU’s adoption will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance in May 2019 within ASU No. 2019-05 and in November 2019 within ASU Nos. 2019-10 and 2019-11. This standard sets forth an expected credit loss model which requires the measurement of expected credit losses for financial instruments based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. For public entities, the updated standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. This standard is effective for the Company as an EGC for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, and the standard is adopted using a modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which amends Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. This standard modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by removing, modifying, or adding certain disclosures. For all entities, this standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company intends to adopt the updated standard during its fiscal year beginning October 1, 2020 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning in that fiscal year. The removed and modified disclosures will be adopted on a retrospective basis and the new disclosures will be adopted on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract. This standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. For public entities, the updated standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The amendments in this ASU are effective for the Company, as an EGC, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The standard can be adopted either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. Assuming the Company remains an EGC, it intends to adopt the updated standard during its fiscal year beginning October 1, 2021 and for interim periods within fiscal year beginning October 1, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740)—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to general principles in Topic 740 and clarifying and amending existing guidance. For public entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for (1) public business entities for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued and (2) all other entities for periods for which financial statements have not yet been made available for issuance. An entity that elects to early adopt the amendments in an interim period should reflect any adjustments as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. Additionally, an entity that elects early adoption must adopt all the amendments in the same period. The amendments are applied on a prospective or retrospective basis, depending upon the amendment adopted within this ASU. The amendments in this ASU are effective for the Company, as an EGC, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this adoption will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This standard provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The ASU is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020, and will apply through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this adoption will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

2. REVENUE

The Company sells its products to residential and commercial markets. The Company’s Residential segment principally generates revenue from the manufacture and sale of its premium, low maintenance composite decking, railing, trim, moulding, pavers products and accessories. The Company’s Commercial segment generates revenue from the sale of its partition and locker systems along with plastic sheeting and other non-fabricated products for special applications in industrial markets.

The Company recognizes revenues when control of the promised goods is transferred to the Company’s customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods, at a point in time, when shipping occurs. Each product the Company transfers to the customer is considered one performance obligation. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling costs as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the goods. As a result of this accounting policy election, the Company does not consider shipping and handling activities as promised services to its customers.

Customer contracts are typically fixed price and short-term in nature. The transaction price is based on the product specifications and is determined at the time of order. The Company may offer various sales incentive programs throughout the year. It estimates the amount of sales incentive to allocate to each performance obligation, or product shipped, using the most-likely-amount method of estimation, based on sales to the direct customer or sell-through customer. The estimate is updated each reporting period and any changes are allocated to the performance obligations on the same basis as at inception. Changes in estimate allocated to a previously satisfied performance obligation are recognized as part of net revenue in the period in which the change occurs under the cumulative catch-up method. In addition to sales incentive programs, the Company may offer a payment discount, if payments are received within thirty days. The Company estimates the payment discount that it believes will be taken by the customer based on prior history and using the most-likely-amount method of estimation. The Company believes the most-likely-amount method best predicts the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled. The payment discounts are also reflected as part of net revenue.

The Company also engages in customer rebates, which are recorded in Net sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and in Accrued rebates and Trade receivables in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recorded accrued rebates of $22.8 million and $18.3 million as of June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and contra trade receivables of $3.0 million and $3.5 million as of June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The rebate activity was as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Beginning balance	$	22,123		$	31,028		$	24,858		$	21,914
Rebate expense		11,545			10,336			44,989			38,335
Rebate payments		(7,844	)		(19,578	)		(44,023	)		(38,463	)

Ending balance	$	25,824		$	21,786		$	25,824		$	21,786

The Company records deferred revenue when cash payments are received or due in advance of the Company’s performance.

3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On January 31, 2020, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Return Polymers, Inc. for a total purchase price of approximately $18.5 million, subject to customary post-closing working capital adjustments. Return Polymers is located in Ashland Ohio and is a provider of full-service recycled PVC material processing, sourcing, logistical support, and scrap management programs. The Company financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC 805 Business Combinations. Tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their respective fair values. The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets received has been recorded as goodwill in the Residential segment. The factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill primarily relate to future economic benefits arising from expected sales as well as consuming the recycled PVC materials in current products.

The following table represents the preliminary allocation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date and certain measurement period adjustments attributable to customary working capital adjustments (in thousands):


				Measurement
	Acquisition			Period
	Date			Adjustments			Total
Total purchase consideration	$	18,069		$	384		$	18,453

Allocation of consideration to assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	204		$	(204	)	$	—
Accounts receivable		1,119			—			1,119
Inventories		2,532			—			2,532
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		39			—			39
Property, plant and equipment		4,080			—			4,080
Intangible assets		5,300			—			5,300
Goodwill		6,304			588			6,892
Accounts payable		(947	)		—			(947	)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		(562	)		—			(562	)

Net assets acquired	$	18,069		$	384		$	18,453

At the acquisition date, total intangible assets and goodwill amounted to $11.6 million, comprised of $4.6 million related to customer relationships, and $0.7 million related to trademarks, as well as $6.3 million in goodwill. During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized $0.6 million in working capital adjustments, resulting in an increase in goodwill for the same, and $6.9 million in total goodwill as of June 30, 2020. It is expected that $6.9 million of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The estimated useful life for customer relationships is 15 years and trademarks is 10 years. The weighted average useful life at the date of acquisition was 14.3 years.

4. INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, and are reduced for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. The inventories cost is recorded at standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) basis. Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):


	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Raw materials	$	34,353	$	36,855
Work in process		19,557		19,514
Finished goods		76,716		59,022

Total inventories	$	130,626	$	115,391

5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - NET

Property, plant and equipment – net consisted of the following (in thousands):


	June 30, 2020			September 30, 2019
Land and improvements	$	2,758		$	2,758
Buildings and improvements		70,042			67,770
Capital lease - building		2,021			2,021
Capital lease - manufacturing equipment		1,026			1,026
Capital lease - vehicles		3,685			3,835
Manufacturing equipment		292,176			254,570
Computer equipment		24,742			22,733
Furniture and fixtures		5,855			5,409
Vehicles		410			339

Total property, plant and equipment		402,715			360,461
Construction in progress		32,640			16,453

		435,355			376,914
Accumulated depreciation		(200,126	)		(168,220	)

Total property, plant and equipment - net	$	235,229		$	208,694

The Company is considered the owner, for accounting purposes only, of leased office space, as it had taken on certain risks of construction build cost overages above normal tenant improvement allowances. Accordingly, the estimated fair value of the leased property was $9.2 million as of both June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. The corresponding lease financing obligation was $7.9 million as of both June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. The lease financing obligation was recorded in “Finance lease obligations – less current portion” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 16 for additional information.

Depreciation expense was approximately $12.7 million and $8.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $33.6 million and $24.2 million in the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, $0.3 million and $0.1 million of interest was capitalized, respectively, and during the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, $0.8 million and $0.7 million of interest was capitalized, respectively. Accumulated amortization for assets under capital leases was $3.9 million and $3.7 million as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively. Accumulated amortization for the assets under the build-to-suit lease was $0.5 million as of June 30, 2020 and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2019.

6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS – NET

Goodwill

As of June 30, 2020, the Company had goodwill of $951.2 million with carrying amounts for Residential of $910.8 million and Commercial of $40.4 million. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had goodwill of $944.3 million with carrying amounts for Residential of $903.9 million and Commercial of $40.4 million. As of June 30, 2020, total accumulated goodwill impairments were $32.2 million, all attributable to the Company’s Commercial segment.

Intangible assets, net

The Company does not have any indefinite lived intangible assets other than goodwill as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. Finite-lived intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):


		As of June 30, 2020
	Lives in Years	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Proprietary knowledge	10 - 15	$	289,300	$	(189,474	)	$	99,826
Trademarks	5 - 20		223,840		(120,454	)		103,386
Customer relationships	15 - 19		146,870		(48,917	)		97,953
Patents	10		7,000		(2,927	)		4,073
Other intangibles	3 - 15		4,076		(3,219	)		857

		$	671,086	$	(364,991	)	$	306,095


		As of September 30, 2019
	Lives in Years	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Proprietary knowledge	10 - 15	$	289,300	$	(171,686	)	$	117,614
Trademarks	5 - 20		223,140		(108,096	)		115,044
Customer relationships	15 - 19		142,270		(39,084	)		103,186
Patents	10		7,000		(2,132	)		4,868
Other intangibles	3 - 15		4,076		(2,370	)		1,706

		$	665,786	$	(323,368	)	$	342,418

Amortization expense was approximately $13.9 million and $15.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $41.6 million and $45.5 million in the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of June 30, 2020, the remaining weighted-average amortization period for acquired intangible assets was 13.1 years.

Amortization expense relating to these amortizable intangible assets as of June 30, 2020, is expected to be as follows (in thousands):


Remaining period of 2020	$	13,538
2021		49,826
2022		44,369
2023		39,240
2024		34,246
Thereafter		124,876

Total	$	306,095

7. COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Allowance for doubtful accounts consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Beginning balance	$	1,678		$	1,441		$	904		$	1,230
Provision		(229	)		67			522			284
Acquisition		—			—			35			—
Bad debt write-offs		(107	)		(703	)		(119	)		(709	)

Ending balance	$	1,342		$	805		$	1,342		$	805

Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):


	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Employee related liabilities	$	23,605	$	17,202
Professional fees		5,863		14,160
Freight		4,191		4,158
Warranty		3,375		2,543
Marketing		2,794		2,026
Construction in progress		1,547		903
Capital lease		922		721
Contingent consideration		—		1,303
Other		4,925		4,887

Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	47,222	$	47,903

8. DEBT

Debt consisted of the following (in thousands):


	June 30, 2020			September 30, 2019
Term Loan Agreement due May 5, 2024 — LIBOR + 3.75% (4.75% and 5.93% at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively) (includes a discount of $542 and $1,105 at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively)	$	467,112		$	808,507
Revolving Credit Facility through March 9, 2022 — LIBOR + 1.75% (2.75% and 0.00% at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively)		44,000			—
2021 Senior Notes due October 1, 2021 — Fixed at 8%		—			315,000

Total		511,112			1,123,507
Less: unamortized deferred financing fees		(4,456	)		(11,890	)
Less: current portion		—			(8,304	)

Long-term debt—less current portion and unamortized deferred financing fees	$	506,656		$	1,103,313

As of June 30, 2020, the Company has scheduled fiscal year debt payments on the Term Loan Agreement and Revolving Credit Facility as follows (in thousands):


Remaining period of 2020	$	—
2021		—
2022		44,000
2023		—
2024		467,654
Thereafter		—

Total	$	511,654

Term Loan Agreement

On September 30, 2013, CPG International LLC refinanced its then outstanding long-term debt and entered into (i) a new senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) among CPG International LLC (as successor-in-interest to CPG Merger Sub LLC, a limited liability company formed to effect the acquisition of CPG International LLC), Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch (“Deutsche Bank”), as administrative agent and collateral agent (the “Revolver Administrative Agent”), and the lenders party thereto, (ii) a new secured term loan agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”) among CPG International LLC (as successor-in-interest to CPG Merger Sub LLC), as the initial borrower; the Lenders Party thereto; Deutsche Bank and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as co-syndication agents; Citibank, N.A., the Royal Bank of Scotland PLC and UBS Securities LLC, as co-documentation agents; and Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, (iii) an indenture (the “Indenture”) in respect of 8.000% senior notes due October 1, 2021 (the “2021 Senior Notes”) between CPG International LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.

The proceeds from borrowings under the amended Term Loan Agreement and the 2021 Senior Notes were used to (i) fund the acquisition of CPG International LLC and (ii) repay all amounts outstanding under the Company’s prior term loan agreement, prior notes and related fees.

The Term Loan Agreement matures on May 5, 2024, since the 2021 Senior Notes were redeemed June 8, 2020. The Term Loan Agreement provides for interest on outstanding principal thereunder at a fluctuating rate, at CPG International LLC’s option, for (i) alternative base rate (“ABR”) borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate as of such day plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime commercial lending rate announced as of such day by the Administrative Agent as defined in the Term Loan Agreement, as the “prime rate” as in effect on such day and (c) the LIBOR as of such day for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, provided that in no event shall the ABR be less than 200 basis points, plus the applicable margin of 275 basis points per annum; or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, the adjusted LIBOR of (a) the LIBOR in effect for such interest period divided by one, minus the statutory reserves applicable to such Eurocurrency borrowing, if any, and (b) 100 basis points, plus the applicable margin of 375 basis points per annum.

As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, unamortized deferred financing fees related to the Term Loan Agreement were $4.5 million and $9.1 million, respectively. The Term Loan Agreement may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty (other than the Prepayment Premium (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement), if applicable), subject to certain customary conditions. The Company used part of its net proceeds from the IPO to prepay outstanding principal of the Term Loan Agreement in the amount of $337.7 million, paid $4.3 million in accrued interest, and the Company recognized in interest expense an additional $3.2 million amortization of deferred financing fees associated with the prepayment amounts during the three months ended June 30, 2020.

The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a first priority security interest in the membership interests of CPG International LLC owned by The AZEK Company Inc. and substantially all of the present and future assets of the borrowers and guarantors including equity interests of their domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions, (the “Term Loan Priority Collateral”) and a second priority lien on current assets. The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

The Term Loan Agreement requires mandatory prepayments of the term loans thereunder from certain debt issuances, certain asset dispositions (subject to certain reinvestment rights) and a percentage of excess cash flow (subject to step-downs upon CPG International LLC achieving certain leverage ratios). The estimated prepayment of excess cash flow was $6.4 million at September 30, 2019. At the lenders option, the excess cash flow payment made in January 2020 was $2.2 million, with the remaining prepayment declined by the lenders. CPG International LLC is required to repay the outstanding principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement in quarterly installments equal to 0.25253% of the aggregate principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement outstanding on the amendment date of June 18, 2018 and such quarterly payments may be reduced as a result of prepayments. The Term Loan Agreement restricts payments of dividends unless certain conditions are met, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement.

Revolving Credit Facility

On March 9, 2017, CPG International LLC amended, restated and extended the maturity of the Revolving Credit Facility, and on June 5, 2020, CPG International LLC further amended the Revolving Credit Facility (the “Amendment”) to establish $8.5 million of commitments for FILO loans, which are available to be drawn in a single disbursement on or prior to December 31, 2020. The availability of the FILO Loans will be subject to satisfaction of certain conditions at the time of borrowing, including the value of borrowing-base eligible assets at the time of borrowing. Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility, as amended, FILO Loans may be borrowed against increased percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets (as compared to the percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets applicable to all other loans under the Revolving Credit Facility). The Amendment did not increase the total aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. Borrowing of FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will reduce the total aggregate commitments available for revolving loans for so long as the FILO Loans remain outstanding. If borrowed, the FILO Loans will mature on December 4, 2021. As of June 30, 2020, the Company has not drawn on the FILO loans.

The Revolving Credit Facility matures on March 9, 2022. The Revolving Credit Facility provides for maximum aggregate borrowings of up to $150.0 million, subject to an asset-based borrowing base. The borrowing base is limited to a set percentage of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, less reserves that may be established by the administrative agent and the collateral agent in the exercise of their reasonable credit judgment.

On March 16, 2020, the Company borrowed $89.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility to enhance financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company used part of its net proceeds from the 2025 Senior Notes issuance to repay $15.0 million of the then-outstanding principal under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company had a total of $44.0 million and zero outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility as of June 30, 2020 and September

30, 2019, respectively. In addition, the Company had $3.9 million and $3.0 million of outstanding letters of credit held against the Revolving Credit Facility as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively. Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization, related to the Revolving Credit Facility at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 were $0.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively. CPG International LLC had approximately $97.0 million available under the borrowing base for future borrowings as of June 30, 2020. CPG International LLC also has the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

The Revolving Credit Facility provides for an interest rate on outstanding principal thereunder at a fluctuating rate, at CPG International LLC’s option, at (i) for ABR borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR as of such date for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, plus, in each case, a spread of 50 to 100 basis points, based on average historical availability, or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, adjusted LIBOR plus a spread of 150 to 200 basis points, based on average historical availability. A “commitment fee” accrues on any unused portion of the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility during the preceding three calendar month period. If the average daily used percentage is greater than 50%, the commitment fee equals 25 basis points, and if the average daily used percentage is less than or equal to 50%, the commitment fee equals 37.5 basis points. The commitment fees were $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by The AZEK Company Inc. and its wholly owned domestic subsidiaries other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the accounts receivable, inventory, deposit accounts, securities accounts and cash assets of The AZEK Company Inc., CPG International LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the Revolving Credit Facility, and the proceeds thereof (subject to certain exceptions) (the “Revolver Priority Collateral”), plus a second priority security interest in all of the Term Loan Priority Collateral. The Revolving Credit Facility may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty. CPG International LLC is also required to make mandatory prepayments (i) when aggregate borrowings exceed commitments or the applicable borrowing base and (ii) during “cash dominion,” which occurs if (a) the availability under the Revolving Credit Facility is less than the greater of (i) $12.5 million and (ii) 10% of the lesser of (x) $150.0 million and (y) the borrowing base, for five consecutive business days or (b) certain events of default have occurred and are continuing.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains affirmative covenants that are customary for financings of this type, including allowing the Revolver Administrative Agent to perform periodic field exams and appraisals to evaluate the borrowing base. The Revolving Credit Facility contains various negative covenants, including limitations on, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of indebtedness, the incurrence of liens, dispositions, investments, acquisitions, restricted payments, transactions with affiliates, as well as other negative covenants customary for financings of this type. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes a financial maintenance covenant, applicable only when the excess availability is less than the greater of (i) 10% of the lesser of the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility and the borrowing base, and (ii) $12.5 million. In such circumstances, CPG International LLC would be required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) for the trailing four quarters equal to at least 1.0 to 1.0; subject to CPG International LLC’s ability to make an equity cure (no more than twice in any four quarter period and up to five times over the life of the facility). As of June 30, 2020, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the financial and nonfinancial covenants imposed by the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

2021 Senior Notes

The 2021 Senior Notes were issued on September 30, 2013, in an aggregate principal amount of $315.0 million, and had a maturity of October 1, 2021. The 2021 Senior Notes bore interest at the rate of 8.000% per annum payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year (computed based on a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months). The obligations under the 2021 Senior Notes were guaranteed by CPG International LLC and those of its subsidiaries that also guarantee the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement. The redemption price of the 2021 Senior Notes (expressed as percentages of the principal amount to be redeemed) declined to the par value of the 2021 Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest based on the schedule below. The 2021 Senior Notes were redeemable in whole or in part, at any time after October 1, 2016 at the following redemption prices, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning on October 1 of the years indicated below:


2016	106.0	%
2017	104.0	%
2018	102.0	%
2019 and thereafter	100.0	%

The indenture relating to the 2021 Senior Notes contained negative covenants that are customary for financings of this type. The indenture did not contain any financial maintenance covenants. As of September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the negative covenants imposed by the 2021 Senior Notes and the indenture.

In connection with the 2025 Senior Notes offering, the Company issued a redemption notice on May 7, 2020 for the full $315.0 million of outstanding 2021 Senior Notes, which were redeemed on June 8, 2020. The Company also paid $4.6 million in accrued interest and recognized a $1.9 million loss on the extinguishment in the “Loss on the extinguishment of debt” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). As of September 30, 2019, the unamortized deferred financing fees related to the 2021 Senior Notes consisted of $2.8 million.

2025 Senior Notes

On May 12, 2020, the Company issued $350.0 million of 9.500% 2025 Senior Notes with a maturity of May 15, 2025, and interest was payable on May 15 and November 15 of each year. The Company had the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2025 Senior Notes at any time on or after May 15, 2022 at certain redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, before May 15, 2022, the Company had the option to (i) redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 107.125% of the principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes redeemed, (ii) redeem (x) up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes or (y) all of the 2025 Senior Notes with the proceeds from a Qualified IPO at a redemption price equal to 107.125% of the principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes redeemed or (iii) redeem some or all of the 2025 Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, in the case of each of (i), (ii) and (iii), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. The 2025 Senior Notes were redeemable in whole or in part, at any time after May 15, 2022 at the following redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning on May 15 of the years indicated below:


2022	104.750	%
2023	102.375	%
2024 and thereafter	100.000	%

On June 8, 2020, the Company used the proceeds of the $350.0 million 2025 Senior Notes offering to redeem the 2021 Senior Notes in full and to repay $15.0 million of the outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility, and other general corporate purposes. On June 16, 2020, the Company used part of its net proceeds from the IPO to redeem $350.0 million in aggregate principal of the outstanding 2025 Senior Notes, paid $3.9 million in accrued interest and recognized a $35.6 million loss on the extinguishment in the “Loss on extinguishment of debt” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Interest expense consisted of the following (in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended June 30,						For the Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Interest expense
Term Loan	$	11,228		$	13,596		$	35,584		$	40,197
2021 Senior Notes		4,550			6,300			17,150			18,900
2025 Senior Notes		3,879			—			3,879			—
Revolving Credit Facility		846			274			1,434			751
Other		380			386			1,155			1,077
Amortization
Debt issue costs
Term Loan		3,630			495			4,620			1,485
2021 Senior Notes		176			352			880			1,056
2025 Senior Notes		180			—			180			—
Revolving Credit Facility		107			89			287			268
Original issue discounts		442			60			562			181
Capitalized interest		(270	)		(112	)		(849	)		(702	)

Interest expense	$	25,148		$	21,440		$	64,882		$	63,213

See Note 10 for the fair value of the Company’s debt as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

9. PRODUCT WARRANTIES

The Company provides product assurance warranties of various lengths ranging from 5 years to lifetime for limited coverage for a variety of material and workmanship defects based on standard terms and conditions between the Company and its customers. Warranty coverage depends on the product involved. The warranty reserve activity consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Beginning balance	$	11,984		$	9,824		$	11,133		$	9,304
Adjustments to reserve		35			1,053			2,226			2,403
Warranty claims payment		(770	)		(830	)		(2,247	)		(1,797	)
Accretion – purchase accounting valuation		28			41			165			178

Ending balance		11,277			10,088			11,277			10,088
Current portion of accrued warranty		(3,375	)		(1,873	)		(3,375	)		(1,873	)

Accrued warranty – less current portion	$	7,902		$	8,215		$	7,902		$	8,215

TimberTech Warranties and Related Indemnification

In connection with the acquisition of TimberTech on September 21, 2012 and the acquisition of CPG International LLC on September 30, 2013, the Company recognized the fair value of the related warranty liabilities calculated as the net present value of the expected costs to settle all future warranty claims for products sold prior to the acquisition dates. The Company records accretion expense in “Cost of sales” in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) in order to increase the value of the liability to reflect the future value of the warranty claims when they are actually settled. In addition, the Company records estimated warranty claims obligations related to current sales on an ongoing basis for the TimberTech product line.

Pursuant to the TimberTech purchase agreement, the seller, Crane Group Companies Limited (“Crane”), also agreed to indemnify the Company for claims made up to seven years after the acquisition date for the majority of the costs to settle warranty claims for certain identified problems related to two products which have exhibited a high number of claims related to scorching and fading defects. The products were produced between 2010 and 2011 and have not been sold by the Company since 2011. Similar to its recognition of the warranty liability, the Company recorded an indemnification receivable from Crane on the acquisition date equal to the fair value of the indemnification calculated as the net present value of the expected indemnification payments to be received in the future. At June 30, 2020, $1.9 million was classified as Other Current Assets. As of September 30, 2019, $1.3 million was classified as Other Current Assets and $0.5 million was classified as Other Assets (non-current). Due to a dispute by Crane of its ongoing obligations, the Company has a full reserve recorded against the amount receivable.

The Company will continue to monitor the actual cost to settle warranty claims in the future and will make adjustments to the warranty liability and indemnification receivable if needed. The indemnification period expired on September 21, 2019. Crane disputes the scope of its past indemnification obligations and the Company cannot predict the outcome of the dispute. The Company may need to record additional charges to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the reserve and any obligations as a result of the indemnification dispute in future periods.

10. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company measures and records in its consolidated financial statements certain assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures, establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). This hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

•

Level 1 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market.

•

Level 2 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on inputs other than those included in Level 1, including quoted market prices in markets that are not active; quoted prices of assets or liabilities with similar attributes in active markets; or valuation models whose inputs are observable or unobservable but corroborated by market data.

•

Level 3 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on valuation models or pricing techniques that utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to the overall fair value measurement.

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).

Financial instruments with a fair value that approximates carrying value—The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and payables, as well as financial instruments included in other current assets and other current liabilities, approximate fair values because of their short-term maturities.

Financial instruments with a fair value different from carrying value—The Company has, where appropriate, estimated the fair value of financial instruments for which the amortized cost carrying value may be significantly different than the fair value. As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, these instruments include outstanding debt. As described in Note 8 Debt, the Company records debt at amortized cost. The carrying values and the estimated fair values of the debt financial instruments (Level 2 measurements) consisted of the following (in thousands):


	June 30, 2020				September 30 2019
	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Term Loan Agreement due May 5, 2024	$	467,112	$	461,273	$	808,507	$	804,464
2021 Senior Notes due October 1, 2021		—		—		315,000		315,000
Revolving Credit Facility, expires March 9, 2022		44,000		44,000		—		—

The fair values of the debt instruments were determined using trading prices between qualified institutional buyers; therefore, the 2021 Senior Notes are classified as Level 2.

In connection with the acquisition of WES, LLC and Ultralox Technology, LLC (together, “Ultralox”) on December 20, 2017, the Company provided a contingent payment to the employees of Ultralox. The contingent payment was based on achievement of a minimum EBITDA amount and a multiple of EBITDA, for EBITDA exceeding a higher threshold for calendar year 2018. Based on the formula, the potential minimum of the contingent payment was zero and the potential maximum was $30.0 million. During the nine months ended June 30, 2019, the Company paid the former owners of Ultralox $2.0 million as partial settlement of the original contingent liability. At the acquisition date, the fair value was estimated to be $5.3 million. Of the fair value, $2.8 million is accounted for as contingent consideration in conjunction with the acquisition related to the non-employee owners, and the remaining $2.5 million (which was subsequently adjusted downward to $0.9 million due to changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent payment) was recognized as compensation expense from date of acquisition through June 30, 2018 related to the employee owners, who forfeit their share of the contingent payment if not employed through that date.

The contingent payment made was based on achievement of a minimum EBITDA amount and a multiple of EBITDA, for EBITDA exceeding a higher threshold for calendar 2018. The Company classified the contingent liability as Level 3, due to the lack of observable inputs. Significant assumptions made by the Company included a central estimate of EBITDA and EBITDA volatility of 39%. Changes in assumptions could have an impact on the payout of the contingent consideration payout amount.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2019, the Company amended the earnout agreement to include two additional payments totaling $3.4 million to the former owners of Ultralox that are contingent upon the employee owners continued employment through December 31, 2018 and 2019. These additional earnout payments will be recognized as compensation expense over the required employment periods, because they are contingent upon future service from the date of the amendment. During the nine months ended June 30, 2020, the Company paid the remaining $1.7 million as settlement of the amended earnout agreement. At June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the contingent payment liability was $0.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and is recorded in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table provides a roll-forward of the aggregate fair value of the contingent consideration and compensation expense categorized as Level 3 (in thousands).


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020			2019
Beginning balance	$	—	$	558	$	1,303		$	1,900
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		—		—		—			53
Less: contingent payments		—		—		(1,675	)		(3,675	)
Contingent payment recognized as compensation expense		—		373		372			2,653

Ending balance	$	—	$	931	$	—		$	931

For the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the estimated contingent payment recognized as compensation expense was $0.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and was included in Non-cash compensation expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

11. SEGMENTS

Operating segments for the Company are determined based on information used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to evaluate performance and allocate resources to each of the segments. The CODM reviews Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin as the key segment measures of performance. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as segment operating income (loss) plus depreciation and amortization, adjusted by adding thereto or subtracting therefrom stock-based compensation costs, business transformation costs, acquisition costs, capital structure transaction costs, and certain other costs. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales.

The Company has two reportable segments, Residential and Commercial. The reportable segments were determined primarily based on products and end markets as follows:

• Residential—The Residential segment manufactures and distributes decking, rail, trim and accessories through a national network of dealers and distributors and multiple home improvement retailers providing extensive geographic coverage and enabling the Company to effectively serve contractors. The additions of Ultralox and Versatex are complementary to the Residential segment railing and trim businesses, respectively. The recent addition of Return Polymers provides a full-service recycled PVC material processing, sourcing, logistical support, and scrap management programs. This segment is impacted by trends in and the strength of home repair and remodel activity.

• Commercial—The Commercial segment manufactures, fabricates and distributes resin based extruded sheeting products for a variety of commercial and industrial applications through a widespread distribution network as well as directly to original equipment manufacturers. This segment includes Scranton Products which manufactures lockers and partitions and Vycom which manufactures resin based sheeting products. This segment is impacted by trends in and the strength of the new construction sector.

The segment data below includes data for Residential and Commercial for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands).


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Net sales to customers
Residential	$	192,599		$	182,553		$	538,514		$	476,441
Commercial		31,112			38,754			96,825			102,228

Total	$	223,711		$	221,307		$	635,339		$	578,669

Adjusted EBITDA
Residential	$	62,326		$	54,090		$	164,047		$	134,818
Commercial		5,024			6,893			11,179			14,376

Total Adjusted EBITDA for reporting segments	$	67,350		$	60,983		$	175,226		$	149,194
Unallocated net expenses		(9,530	)		(8,212	)		(27,782	)		(22,128	)
Adjustments to Income (loss) before income tax provision
Depreciation and amortization		(26,597	)		(23,243	)		(75,225	)		(69,634	)
Stock-based compensation costs		(18,788	)		(737	)		(20,169	)		(2,600	)
Business transformation costs (1)		(109	)		(2,831	)		(435	)		(12,608	)
Acquisition costs (2)		(182	)		(521	)		(1,538	)		(3,656	)
Initial public offering costs		(1,623	)		(1,997	)		(6,716	)		(6,155	)
Other costs (3)		(2,551	)		(250	)		(3,015	)		6,693
Capital structure transaction costs (4)		(37,538	)		—			(37,538	)		—
Interest expense		(25,148	)		(21,440	)		(64,882	)		(63,213	)

Income (loss) before income tax provision	$	(54,716	)	$	1,752		$	(62,074	)	$	(24,107	)

(1)

Business transformation costs reflect consulting and other costs related to repositioning of brands of $0.0 million and $0.7 for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.0 million and $3.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, compensation costs related to the transformation of the senior management team of $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.4 million and $1.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, costs related to the relocation of the Company’s corporate headquarters of $0.0 million and $1.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, startup costs of the Company’s new recycling facility of $0.0 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $0.0 million and $2.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and other integration-related costs of $0.0 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.0 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(2)

Acquisition costs reflect costs directly related to completed acquisitions $0.1 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.9 million and $3.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and inventory step-up adjustments related to recording the inventory of acquired businesses at fair value on the date of acquisition of $0.1 million and $0.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.6 million and $0.0 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(3)

Other costs include costs for legal expenses of $0.4 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, reduction in workforce costs of $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, income from an insurance recovery of legal loss of $0.0 million and $7.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and costs related to an incentive plan associated with the IPO of $1.8 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $2.2 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(4)	Capital structure transaction costs include loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.9 million for the 2021 Senior Notes and $35.6 million for the 2025 Senior Notes for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020.

12. CAPITAL STOCK

The Company completed its IPO on June 16, 2020, in which it sold 38,237,500 shares of its Class A common stock, including 4,987,500 shares pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The shares were sold at an IPO price of $23.00 per share for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $819.4 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $50.6 million and estimated offering expenses of approximately $9.5 million payable by the Company.

Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, the Company converted to a Delaware corporation, from a limited liability company. The Company’s certificate of incorporation provides for two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. In addition, the certificate of incorporation authorizes shares of undesignated preferred stock, the rights, preferences and privileges of which may be designated from time to time by the board of directors. The Company is authorized to issue up to 1.1 billion shares of Class A common stock, up to 1 hundred million shares of Class B common stock and up to 1 million shares of preferred stock, each par value $0.001 per share, in one or more series. The Class A common stock and Class B common stock provide identical economic rights, but holders of Class B common stock have limited voting rights, specifically that such holders have no right to vote, solely with respect to their shares of Class B common stock, with respect to the election, replacement or removal of directors. Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are not entitled to preemptive rights. Holders of Class B common stock may convert their shares of Class B common stock into shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time at their option. The Company’s Class A common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “AZEK.”

In conjunction with the Corporate Conversion and prior to the closing of the IPO, the Company effected a unit split of its then-outstanding unit, resulting in an aggregate of 108,162,741 units, including 75,093,778 Class A units and 33,068,963 Class B units. Concurrently with the Corporate Conversion, the units were converted to an aggregate of 108,162,741 shares of common stock, including 75,093,778 shares of Class A common stock and 33,068,963 shares of Class B common stock. In addition, a class of the Company’s former indirect parent’s partnership interests referred to as “Profits Interests” were exchanged for an aggregate of 2,703,243 shares of Class A common stock and 5,532,166 shares of Class A restricted stock, and 4,214,576 shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options.

At June 30, 2020, the following amounts were issued and outstanding: 121,566,577 shares of Class A Common Stock and 33,068,963 shares of Class B Common Stock. The Company has not issued any shares of preferred stock.

13. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company grants stock-based awards to attract, retain and motivate key employees and directors.

Prior to the completion of the IPO, Profits Interests were issued through an LP Interest Agreement. The Profits Interests were, as part of the Corporate Conversion, converted into shares of common stock, restricted stock and stock options. The 2020 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (“2020 Plan”), became effective as of June 11, 2020, the day of effectiveness of the registration statement filed in connection with the IPO. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, and performance-based or other equity-related awards to the Company’s employees and directors. The maximum aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the 2020 Plan is 15,555,403 shares with 4,981,836 shares remaining in the reserve. The total aggregate number of shares may be adjusted as determined by the Board of Directors.

As part of the Corporate Conversion, the Company modified its terms and conditions of the performance-based awards by changing the vesting conditions. The change was treated as a modification under ASC 718, Stock Compensation, in which the fair value of the performance based awards was measured at the modification date and compared to the fair value of the modified award immediately prior to the modification, with the difference resulting in incremental compensation expense. As a result of the incremental fair value of the modified awards, the Company recognized $8.6 million in incremental compensation cost in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $18.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $20.2 million and $2.6, respectively, recognized in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Total income tax benefit for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $1.6 million and $0.0 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $1.6 million and $0.0 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2020, the Company had not yet recognized compensation cost on unvested stock-based awards of $136.3 million, with a weighted average remaining recognition period of 2.7 years.

The Company’s grant of 199,453 in restricted stock units to certain employees through the 2020 Plan, vest over one to four years at June 30, 2020.

The Company uses the Monte Carlo pricing model to estimate the fair value of its performance-based awards as of the grant date, and uses the Black Scholes pricing model to estimate the fair value of its service-based awards as of the grant date. Under the terms of the 2020 Plan, all stock options will expire if not exercised within ten years of the grant date.

The following table sets forth the significant assumptions used for the performance-based awards granted during the three months ended June 30, 2020:


	June 12, 2020
	Grant Date
Risk-free interest rate		0.75	%
Expected volatility		40.00	%
Expected term (in years)		0.50
Expected dividend yield		0.00	%

The following table sets forth the significant assumptions used for the service-based awards granted during the three months ended June 30, 2020:


	June 12, 2020
	Grant Date
Risk-free interest rate		0.47% - 0.56	%
Expected volatility		35.00	%
Expected term (in years)		6.25 - 7.00
Expected dividend yield		0.00	%

Stock Options

The following table summarizes the performance-based stock option activity for the three months ended June 30, 2020:


			Weighted Average		Weighted Average
			Exercise Price Per		Remaining Contract		Weighted Average
	Number of Shares		Share		Term		Intrinsic Value
					(in years)		(in thousands)
Outstanding at October 1, 2019		—	$	—		—	$	—
Granted		1,706,098		23.00		10		14,372
Exercised		—		—		—		—
Cancelled/Forfeited		—		—		—		—
Expired		—		—		—		—

Outstanding at June 30, 2020		1,706,098		23.00		10		14,372

Vested and exercisable at June 30, 2020		—		—		—		—

The following table summarizes the service-based stock option activity for the three months ended June 30, 2020:


			Weighted Average		Weighted Average
			Exercise Price Per		Remaining Contract		Weighted Average
	Number of Shares		Share		Term		Intrinsic Value
					(in years)		(in thousands)
Outstanding at October 1, 2019		—	$	—		—	$	—
Granted		3,388,557		23.00		10		39,510
Exercised		—		—		—		—
Cancelled/Forfeited		—		—		—		—
Expired		—		—		—		—

Outstanding at June 30, 2020		3,388,557		23.00		10		39,510

Vested and exercisable at June 30, 2020		928,648		23.00		10		7,294

The service-based stock options are subject to a 180-day lock up period, as described in the Prospectus, and therefore are not considered exercisable until such date.

Restricted Stock Awards

A summary of the performance-based restricted stock awards activity during the three months ended June 30, 2020 was as follows:


			Weighted Average
	Number of Shares		Grant Date Fair Value
			(in thousands)
Outstanding and unvested at October 1, 2019		—	$	—
Granted		3,884,615		89,032
Vested		—		—
Forfeited		—		—

Outstanding and unvested at June 30, 2020		3,884,615		89,032

A summary of the service-based restricted stock awards activity during the three months ended June 30, 2020 was as follows:


			Weighted Average
	Number of Shares		Grant Date Fair Value
			(in thousands)
Outstanding and unvested at October 1, 2019		—	$	—
Granted		1,647,428		5,571
Vested		53,132		147
Forfeited		—		—

Outstanding and unvested at June 30, 2020		1,594,296		5,424

14. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes earnings per common share (“EPS”) under the two-class method which requires the allocation of all distributed and undistributed earnings attributable to the Company to common stock and other participating securities based on their respective rights to receive distributions of earnings or losses. The Company’s Class A common stock and Class B common stock equally share in distributed and undistributed earnings, therefore, no allocation to participating securities or dilutive securities is performed.

Basic EPS attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of potential common shares, determined using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of the diluted EPS calculation, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and options to purchase shares of common stock are considered to be potential common shares. The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted EPS attributable to common stockholders (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019		2020			2019
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted		(52,116	)		1,511		(57,874	)		(19,276	)

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares of common stock - basic and diluted		118,738,357			108,162,741		113,525,537			108,162,741

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:		(52,116	)		1,511		(57,874	)		(19,276	)

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted	$	(0.44	)	$	0.01	$	(0.51	)	$	(0.18	)

The following table includes the number of shares that may be dilutive common shares in the future, and were not included in the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because the effect was anti-dilutive:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Restricted Stock Awards		1,143,949		—		381,316		—
Stock Options		992,632		—		330,877		—
Restricted Stock Units		32,877		—		10,959		—

15. INCOME TAXES

The Company calculates the interim tax provision in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-270, Income Taxes; Interim Reporting, specifically ASC-740-270-25-2. For interim periods, the Company estimates the annual effective income tax rate (“AETR”) and applies the estimated rate to the year-to-date income or loss before income taxes. The effective income tax rates for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were 4.8% and 13.8%, respectively, and for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were 6.8% and 20.0%, respectively. For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, the Company’s effective tax rate was impacted by nondeductible stock-based compensation related to the IPO conversion, as well as limitations on the deductibility of officer’s compensation as a public company.

The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, on October 1, 2019. The updated guidance requires companies to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of inventory will continue to be deferred until the inventory has been sold to a third party. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Lease Commitments

The Company leases vehicles, machinery and a manufacturing facility under various capital leases. The Company also leases office equipment, vehicles and manufacturing and office facilities under various operating leases.

In 2018, the Company entered into a lease agreement for its corporate headquarters in Chicago, IL. The Company was responsible for costs to build out the office space and spent approximately $3.4 million in improvements to meet the Company’s needs. Based on the lease agreement and the changes made to the office space the Company concluded that it was the “deemed owner” of the building (for accounting purposes only) during the construction period. The Company recorded the build out costs as an asset with a corresponding build-to-suit liability while the building was under construction. Upon completion of the improvements to the building, the Company evaluated the derecognition of the asset and liability under the provisions of ASC 840-40, Leases—Sale-Leaseback Transactions. The Company determined that the lease does not meet the criteria for sale-leaseback accounting treatment, due to the Company’s continuing involvement in the project. As a result, the building is being accounted for as a financing obligation. The underlying assets amount to approximately $9.2 million. The Company determined its incremental borrowing rate for the purpose of calculating the interest and principal components of each lease payment was 8.4%.

Future minimum annual payments under noncancelable leases with initial or remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of June 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	Capital			Financing		Operating
Remaining period of 2020	$	405		$	192	$	446
2021		1,595			778		1,679
2022		1,439			788		1,303
2023		1,026			808		1,075
2024		648			827		709
Thereafter		2,789			4,607		307

Total Payments	$	7,902		$	8,000	$	5,519

Less amount representing interest		(4,006	)

Present value of minimum capital lease payments	$	3,896

Total rent expense was approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $1.1 million and $1.4 million in the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The future minimum sublease income under a noncancelable sublease was $0.9 million at June 30, 2020.

Legal Proceedings

In the normal course of the Company’s business, it is at times subject to pending and threatened legal actions, in some cases for which the relief or damages sought may be substantial. Although the Company is not able to predict the outcome of such actions, after reviewing all pending and threatened actions with counsel and based on information currently available, management believes that the outcome of such actions, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of such matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the Company’s results of operations in a particular future period as the time and amount of any resolution of such actions and its relationship to the future results of operations are not currently known. The Company accrues for losses when they are probable of occurrence and such losses are reasonably estimable. Legal costs expected to be incurred are accounted for as they are incurred.

Loss Contingencies

On June 18, 2018, the Company acquired Versatex. In connection with a contingent liability assumed by the Company in the acquisition, the Company recorded a contingent liability of $5.8 million as a measurement period adjustment to the opening balance sheet related to the assumption of a contingency related to an automobile accident involving a Versatex employee prior to the acquisition. The case was fully settled during the three months ended June 30, 2020 and payment of $5.8 million was made by the Company’s insurer to the claimants.

During the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company was made aware of a worker’s compensation case that became reasonably possible to give rise to a liability. The case is in discovery as the nature and extent of the Company’s exposure is currently being determined. The Company expects a range of loss of $0.4 million to $0.5 million. As of June 30, 2020, there are various other worker’s compensation and personal injury claims that have been made against the Company. All such claims are being contested and the Company does not believe a loss is probable; therefore, no reserve has been recorded related to these matters. In addition, the Company carries insurance for these types of matters and is expecting to recover thereon.

The Company is a party to various legal proceedings and claims, which arise in the ordinary course of business. As of June 30, 2020, the Company determined that there was not at least a reasonable possibility that it had incurred a material loss, or a material loss in excess of a recorded accrual, with respect to such proceedings.

Gain Contingency

During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company paid a litigation settlement of $7.5 million. The Company had previously recorded a reserve in the same amount during the quarter ended March 31, 2017. The Company maintains specialty insurance policies. The Company filed claims under its insurance policies to recover the loss and legal defense costs. During the nine months ended June 30, 2019, the Company received $7.7 million as settlement of its claims under the specialty insurance policies. The settlement of $7.7 million is included in operating income for the nine months ended June 30, 2019.

17. CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT (PARENT COMPANY ONLY)

The AZEK Company Inc. (parent company only)

Condensed Balance Sheets

(In thousands of dollars, except share and per share amounts)


	June 30, 2020			September 30, 2019
ASSETS:
Non-current assets:
Investment in subsidiaries	$	1,269,513		$	490,023

Total non-current assets		1,269,513			490,023

Total assets	$	1,269,513		$	490,023

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Total liabilities	$	—		$	—

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively		—			—
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized, 121,566,577 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and 75,093,778 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019		122			75
Class B common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 33,068,963 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively		33			33
Additional paid-in capital		1,488,474			652,493
Accumulated deficit		(219,116	)		(162,578	)

Total stockholders’ equity		1,269,513			490,023

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,269,513		$	490,023

The AZEK Company Inc. (parent company only)

Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands of dollars)


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019		2020			2019
Net income (loss) of subsidiaries	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)

Net income (loss) of subsidiaries	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)

The AZEK Company Inc. did not have any cash as of June 30, 2020 or September 30, 2019, accordingly a Condensed Statement of Cash Flows has not been presented.

Basis of Presentation

The parent company financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes thereto. For purposes of this condensed financial information, the Company’s wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries are recorded based upon its proportionate share of the subsidiaries’ net assets (similar to presenting them on the equity method).

Since the restricted net assets of The AZEK Company Inc. and its subsidiaries exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, the accompanying condensed parent company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule 1 of Regulation S-X. This information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.

Dividends from Subsidiaries

There were no cash dividends paid to The AZEK Company Inc. from the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries during each of the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

Restricted Payments

CPG International LLC is party to the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement originally executed on September 30, 2013, both of which have been amended and extended from time to time. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Agreement are secured by substantially all of the present and future assets of the borrowers and guarantors, including equity interests of their domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and its wholly owned domestic subsidiaries other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries. CPG International LLC is not permitted to make certain payments unless those payments are consistent with exceptions outlined in the agreements. These payments include repurchase of equity interests, fees associated with a public offering, income taxes due in other applicable payments. Further, the payments are only permitted if certain conditions are met related to availability and fixed charge coverage as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility and described in Note 8 to these Consolidated Financial Statements.

18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the Consolidated Financial Statements were issued. The Company has determined that there were no subsequent events.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Prospectus.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding future operations are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward looking statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “objective,” “plan,” “potential,” “seek,” “grow,” “target,” “if,” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. In particular, statements about potential new products and product innovation, statements regarding the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, statements about the markets in which we operate, including growth of our various markets and growth in the use of engineered products, and our expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, prospects, assumptions or future events or performance contained in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” set forth in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other SEC filings, including the prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on June 15, 2020; we refer to such prospectus as the Prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results may differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect. In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. While we believe that such information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, such information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

Overview

We are an industry-leading designer and manufacturer of beautiful, low-maintenance and environmentally sustainable products focused on the highly attractive, fast-growing Outdoor Living market. We define the Outdoor Living market as the market for decks, rail, trim, wood and wood-look siding, porches, pavers, outdoor furniture, outdoor cabinetry and outdoor lighting designed to enhance the utility and improve the aesthetics of outdoor living spaces. Homeowners are continuing to invest in their outdoor spaces and are increasingly recognizing the significant advantages of long-lasting products, which are converting demand away from traditional materials, particularly wood. Our products transform those outdoor spaces by combining highly appealing aesthetics with significantly lower maintenance costs compared to traditional materials. Our innovative portfolio of Outdoor Living products, including deck, rail, trim and accessories, inspires consumers to design outdoor spaces tailored to their unique lifestyle needs. We are well known in the industry, and, according to data provided by Principia Consulting, LLC, a third-party industry research and consulting firm, we generally hold one of the top two market share positions by revenue in our product categories. In addition to our leading suite of Outdoor Living products, we sell a broad range of highly engineered products that are sold in commercial markets, including partitions, lockers and storage solutions. One of our core values is to “always do the right thing”. We make decisions according to what is right, not what is the cheapest, fastest or easiest, and we strive to always operate with integrity, transparency and the customer in mind. In furtherance of that value, we are focused on sustainability across our operations and have adopted strategies to enable us to meet the growing demand for environmentally-friendly products. Our businesses leverage a shared technology and U.S.-based manufacturing platform to create products that convert demand from traditional materials to those that are long lasting and low maintenance, fulfilling our brand commitment to deliver products that are “Beautifully Engineered to Last”.

We report our results in two segments: Residential and Commercial. In our Residential segment, our primary consumer brands, TimberTech and AZEK, are recognized by contractors and consumers for their premium aesthetics, uncompromising quality and performance, and diversity of style and design options. In our Commercial segment, we manufacture engineered sheet products and high-quality bathroom partitions and lockers. Over our history we have developed a reputation as a leading innovator in our markets by leveraging our differentiated manufacturing capabilities, material science expertise and product management proficiency to consistently introduce new products into the market. This long-standing commitment has been critical to our ability to stay at the forefront of evolving industry trends and consumer demands, which in turn has allowed us to become a market leader across our core product categories.

Basis of Presentation

Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been derived from our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Our Consolidated Financial Statements are based on a fiscal year ending September 30.

In January 2020, we acquired Return Polymers, Inc. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with this acquisition were included in our consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2020 and in our consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) and statement of cash flow beginning from the effective date of the acquisition in January 2020. The results of operations of Return Polymers are included in our Residential segment.

Initial Public Offering

On June 16, 2020, we completed our initial public offering, or the IPO, of our Class A common stock, in which we sold 38,237,500 shares, including 4,987,500 shares pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The IPO shares began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on June 12, 2020 under the symbol “AZEK”. The IPO shares were sold at an IPO price of $23.00 per share for net proceeds to us of approximately $819.4 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $50.6 million and estimated offering expenses of $9.5 million payable by us. In addition, we used the net proceeds to

redeem $350.0 million in aggregate principal of our then-outstanding 9.500% senior notes due 2025, or the 2025 Senior Notes, $70.0 million of the then-outstanding principal amount under our revolving credit facility, or the Revolving Credit Facility, and effected a $337.7 million prepayment of the then-outstanding principal amount under our first lien credit facility, or the Term Loan Agreement.

Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

Our results of operations and financial condition are affected by the following factors, which reflect our operating philosophy and continued focus on driving material conversion to our low-maintenance, engineered products in each of our markets.

Volume of Products Sold

Our net sales depend primarily on the volume of products we sell during any given period, and volume is affected by the following items:

•

Economic conditions: Demand for our products is significantly affected by a number of economic factors impacting our customers, including our distributors and dealers, and consumers. For example, demand for products sold by our Residential segment is driven primarily by home repair and remodeling activity and, to a lesser extent, new home construction activity. The residential repair and remodeling market depends in part on home equity financing, and accordingly, the level of equity in homes will affect consumers’ ability to obtain a home equity line of credit and engage in renovations that would result in purchases of our products. Demand for our products is also affected by the level of interest rates and the availability of credit, consumer confidence and spending, housing affordability, demographic trends, employment levels and other macroeconomic factors that may influence the extent to which consumers engage in repair and remodeling projects to enhance the outdoor living spaces of their homes. Sales by our Commercial segment in the institutional construction market are affected by amounts available for expenditures in school construction, military bases and other public institutions, which depend in part on the availability of government funding and budgetary priorities. Sales of our engineered polymer materials in our industrial original equipment manufacturer markets are also affected by macroeconomic factors, in particular gross domestic product levels and levels of industrial production. Changes in these economic conditions can impact the volume of our products sold during any given period.

•

Material conversion: We have continued to increase sales of our products through our focused efforts to drive material conversion and market penetration of our products. We believe that there is a long-term trend toward material conversion from traditional materials, such as wood, to the low-maintenance, engineered materials we produce. We believe that our products offer a compelling value proposition due to their enhanced durability and lower maintenance costs compared to products manufactured from traditional materials, and we anticipate that sales of our products will continue to benefit from material conversion. The success of our efforts to drive conversion during any given period will impact the volume of our products sold during that period.

•

Product innovation: We continue to develop and introduce innovative products to accelerate material conversion and expand our markets. We believe that new products will enhance our ability to compete with traditional materials at a variety of price points, and we expect to continue to devote significant resources to developing innovative new products. The volume of our products sold during a given period will depend in part on our successfully introducing new products that generate additional demand as well as the extent to which new products may impact our sales of existing products.

•

Marketing and distribution: Demand for our products is influenced by our efforts to expand and enhance awareness of our premium brands and the benefits of our products as well as to drive continued material conversion. Within our Residential segment, we sell our products through a national network of more than 4,200 dealers, more than 35 distributors and multiple home improvement retailers providing extensive geographic coverage enabling us to effectively serve contractors across the United States and Canada. Within our Commercial segment, we sell our products through a widespread distribution network as well as directly to original equipment manufacturers. Our customer-focused sales organization generates pull-through demand for our products by driving increased downstream engagement with consumers and key influencers such as architects, builders and contractors and by focusing on strengthening our position with dealers and growing our presence in retail. Our volume of product sales in a given period will be impacted by our ability to raise awareness of our brands and products.

Pricing

In general, our pricing strategy is to price our products at a premium relative to competing materials based on the value proposition they provide, including lower maintenance and lifetime costs. Our pricing strategy differs between our two operating segments as follows:

•

Residential: Prices for our residential products are typically set annually, taking into account anticipated changes in input costs, market dynamics and new product introductions by us or our competitors.

•

Commercial: A number of our commercial product sales, such as those related to our partitions and lockers product lines, are customized by order, and, therefore, these products are typically priced based on the nature of the particular specifications ordered. For other commercial products, such as various Vycom product lines, we maintain standard pricing lists that we review and change periodically.

Cost of Materials

Raw material costs, including costs of petrochemical resins, reclaimed polyethylene and PVC material, waste wood fiber and aluminum, represent a majority of our cost of sales. The cost of petrochemical resins used in our manufacturing processes has historically varied significantly and has been affected by changes in supply and demand and in the price of crude oil. In addition, the price of reclaimed polyethylene material, waste wood fiber, aluminum, other additives (including modifiers, titanium dioxide or TiO2, and pigments) and other raw materials fluctuates depending on, among other things, overall market supply and demand and general business conditions. We seek to mitigate the effects of increases in raw material costs by broadening our supplier base, increasing our use of recycled material and scrap, reducing waste and exploring options for material substitution without sacrificing quality. We have long-standing relationships as well as guaranteed supply contracts with some of our key suppliers but, other than certain contracts with prices determined based on the current index price, we have no fixed-price contracts with any of our major vendors. Under our guaranteed supply contracts, the prices are either established annually based on a discount to the then-current market prices or, for purchase orders, based on market rates in effect when the orders become effective. Prices for spot market purchases are negotiated on a continuous basis in line with the market at the time. We have not entered into hedges with respect to our raw material costs at this time, but we may choose to enter into such hedges in the future. For additional information, see “—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Raw Materials; Commodity Price Risk.”

Product Mix

We offer a wide variety of products across numerous product lines within our Residential and Commercial segments, and these products are sold at different prices, are composed of different materials and involve varying levels of manufacturing complexity. In any particular period, changes in the volume of particular products sold and the prices of those products relative to other products will impact our average selling price and our cost of sales. For example, the gross margins of our Residential segment significantly exceed the gross margins of our Commercial segment. In addition to the impacts attributable to product mix as between the Residential and Commercial segments, our results of operations are impacted by the relative margins associated with individual products within our Residential and Commercial segments, which vary among products. As we continue to introduce new products at varying price points to compete with products made with wood or other traditional materials across a wide range of prices, our overall gross margins may vary from period to period as a result of changes in product mix and different margins for our higher and lower price point offerings. We may choose to introduce new products with initially lower gross margins with the expectation that those margins will improve over time as we improve our manufacturing efficiency for those products. In addition, our product mix and our gross margins may be impacted by our marketing decisions in a particular period as well as the rebates and incentives that we may extend to our customers in a particular period. We also continue to seek to enhance our gross margins by improving manufacturing efficiency across our operations, including by investing in, and expanding, our recycling capabilities and implementing initiatives to more efficiently use scrap and to reduce waste. Our success in achieving margin improvements through these initiatives may vary due to changes in product mix as different products benefit to different degrees from these initiatives.

Seasonality

Although we generally have demand for our products throughout the year, our sales have historically experienced some seasonality. We have typically experienced moderately higher levels of sales of our residential products in the second fiscal quarter of the year as a result of our “early buy” sales and extended payment terms typically available during the second fiscal quarter of the year. As a result of these extended payment terms, our accounts receivable have typically reached seasonal peaks at the end of the second fiscal quarter of the year, and our net cash provided by operating activities has typically been lower in the second fiscal quarter relative to in other quarters. Our sales are also generally impacted by the number of days in a quarter or a year that contractors and other professionals are able to install our products. This can vary dramatically based on, among other things, weather events such as rain, snow and extreme temperatures. We have generally experienced lower levels of sales of our residential products in the first fiscal quarter due to adverse weather conditions in certain markets, which typically reduce the construction and renovation activity during the winter season. In addition, we have experienced higher levels of sales of our bathroom partition products and our locker products during the second half of our fiscal year, which includes the summer months when schools are typically closed and therefore are more likely to undergo remodel activities.

COVID-19

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been focused on protecting our employees’ health and safety, meeting our customers’ needs as they navigate an uncertain financial and operating environment, working closely with our suppliers to protect our ongoing business operations and rapidly adjusting our short-, medium- and long-term operational plans to proactively and effectively respond to the current and potential future public health crises. While the COVID-19 pandemic presents very serious concerns for our business and operations, our employees and their families, our customers and our suppliers, we believe that we are adapting well to the wide-ranging changes that the global economy is currently undergoing, and we remain confident that we will continue to maintain business continuity, produce and sell our products safely and in compliance with applicable laws and governmental orders and mandates, maintain our robust and flexible supply chains and be in a strong position to maintain financial flexibility even in the event of a potentially extended economic downturn.

Although we have implemented measures to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations, we expect that these measures may not fully mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot predict the degree to, or the period over, which we will be affected by the pandemic and resulting governmental and other measures. We expect that the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely continue to affect demand for our products over the balance of fiscal 2020. The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rapidly evolve, and we will continue to monitor the situation closely. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the risks described in “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. See Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” for a further discussion of the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business.

Acquisitions

Throughout our history, we have made selected acquisitions, and we expect to continue to strategically pursue acquisitions to enhance our market position, supplement our product and technology portfolios and increase the diversity of our business.

Acquisition of Return Polymers

In January 2020, we acquired Return Polymers, Inc. for a total purchase price of $18.5 million. Return Polymers is located in Ashland Ohio and is a provider of full-service recycled PVC material processing, sourcing, logistical support, and scrap management programs. We financed the acquisition with cash on hand. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination.

Results of Operations

The following tables summarize certain financial information relating to our operating results that have been derived from our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, and for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2020			% of Net Sales			2019		% of Net Sales			Variance			%
Net sales	$	223,711			100.0	%	$	221,307		100.0	%	$	2,404			1.1	%
Cost of sales		148,588			66.4			145,897		65.9			2,691			1.8

Gross profit		75,123			33.6			75,410		34.1			(287	)		(0.4	)
Selling, general and administrative expenses		65,164			29.1			50,185		22.7			14,979			29.8
Other general expenses		1,623			0.7			1,997		0.9			(374	)		(18.7	)
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment		366			0.2			36		—			330			N/M

Operating income (loss)		7,970			3.6			23,192		10.5			(15,222	)		(65.6	)
Interest expense, net		25,148			11.2			21,440		9.7			3,708			17.3
Loss on extinguishment of debt		37,538			16.8			—		—			37,538			N/M

Income tax expense (benefit)		(2,600	)		(1.2	)		241		0.1			(2,841	)		N/M

Net income (loss)	$	(52,116	)		(23.3	)%	$	1,511		0.7	%	$	(53,627	)		N/M	%

“N/M” indicates the variance as a percentage is not meaningful.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2020, Compared with Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $2.4 million, or 1.1%, to $223.7 million from $221.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to sales growth in our Residential segment. Net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2020 increased for our Residential segment by 5.5% and decreased for our Commercial segment by 19.7%, in each case as compared to the prior year.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the three months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $2.7 million, or 1.8%, to $148.6 million from $145.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 primarily due to higher depreciation expense and the impact of COVID-19 related production costs.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2020 decreased by $0.3 million, or 0.4%, to $75.1 million from $75.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Gross profit as a percent of net sales decreased to 33.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to 34.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The decrease in gross profit as a percent of net sales was primarily due to higher depreciation expense and the impact of COVID-19 related production costs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $15.0 million, or 29.8%, to $65.2 million, or 29.1% of net sales, for the three months ended June 30, 2020 from $50.2 million, or 22.7% of net sales, for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to IPO-related expenses of $22.2 million, including the recognition of stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by lower marketing related expenses during the initial COVID-19 disruption early in the quarter.

Other General Expenses

Other general expenses decreased by $0.4 million to $1.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020 from $2.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net, increased by $3.7 million, or 17.3%, to $25.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 from $21.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Interest expense increased primarily due to the interest from the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes and increased principal amount outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility, partially offset by lower average interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2020, when compared to the three months ended June 30, 2019.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

Loss on extinguishment of debt increased by $37.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 due to the extinguishment of the 2025 Senior Notes and our former 8.000% senior notes due October 1, 2021, or the 2021 Senior Notes.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit) decreased by $2.8 million to ($2.6) million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The changes driving the increase in the tax benefit during the quarter were the loss on extinguishment of debt and the non-deductible stock-based compensation expense, as a result of our IPO.

Net Income (Loss)

Net income (loss) decreased by $53.6 million to a net loss of $(52.1) million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to net income of $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, primarily due to $59.7 million of expenses related to the extinguishment of debt and an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses due to recognition of additional stock-based compensation expense as a result of our IPO.


	Nine Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2020			% of Net Sales			2019			% of Net Sales			Variance			%
Net sales	$	635,339			100.0	%	$	578,669			100.0	%	$	56,670			9.8	%
Cost of sales		429,553			67.6			394,948			68.3			34,605			8.8

Gross profit		205,786			32.4			183,721			31.7			22,065			12.0
Selling, general and administrative expenses		158,330			24.9			136,988			23.7			21,342			15.6
Other general expenses		6,716			1.1			6,155			1.1			561			9.1
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment		394			0.1			1,472			0.3			(1,078	)		(73.2	)

Operating income (loss)		40,346			6.4			39,106			6.8			1,240			3.2
Interest expense, net		64,882			10.2			63,213			10.9			1,669			2.6
Loss on extinguishment of debt		37,538			5.9			—			—			37,538			N/M

Income tax expense (benefit)		(4,200	)		(0.7	)		(4,831	)		(0.8	)		631			(13.1	)

Net income (loss)	$	(57,874	)		(9.1	)%	$	(19,276	)		(3.3	)%	$	(38,598	)		N/M	%

“N/M” indicates the variance as a percentage is not meaningful.

Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020, Compared with Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019

Net Sales

Net sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $56.6 million, or 9.8%, to $635.3 million from $578.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to higher sales in our Residential segment. Net sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 increased for our Residential segment by 13.0% and decreased for our Commercial segment by 5.3%, as compared to the prior year.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $34.6 million, or 8.8%, to $429.5 million from $394.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019 primarily due to higher sales and depreciation expense as well as the impact of COVID-19 related production costs.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $22.1 million, or 12.0%, to $205.8 million from $183.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. Gross profit as a percent of net sales increased to 32.4% for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 compared to 31.7% for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The increase in gross profit as a percent of net sales was primarily driven by higher Residential segment sales and manufacturing productivity improvements, partially offset by the impact of COVID-19 related production costs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $21.3 million, or 15.6%, to $158.3 million, or 24.9% of net sales, for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 from $137.0 million, or 23.7% of net sales, for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to IPO-related expenses of $29.1 million including the recognition of stock-based compensation expense offset by lower marketing expenses during the initial COVID-19 disruption.

Other General Expenses

Other general expenses increased by $0.5 million to $6.7 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2020 from $6.2 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2019.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net, increased by 1.7 million, or 2.6%, to $64.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 from $63.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. Interest expense increased primarily due to the interest from the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes and increased principal amount outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility, partially offset by lower average interest rates during the nine months ended June 30, 2020, when compared to the nine months ended June 30, 2019.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

Loss on extinguishment of debt increased by $37.5 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 due to the extinguishment of the 2025 Senior Notes and the 2021 Senior Notes.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax benefit decreased by $0.6 million to $4.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $4.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The decrease in our income tax benefit was primarily driven by the loss on extinguishment of debt offset by the non-deductible stock-based compensation expense, as a result of our IPO.

Net Income (Loss)

Net loss increased by $38.6 million to a net loss of $57.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 compared to net loss of $19.3 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019, primarily due to $66.6 million of expenses related to the extinguishment of debt and an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses due to recognition of additional stock-based compensation expense as a result of our IPO.

Segment Results of Operations

We report our results in two segments: Residential and Commercial. The key segment measures used by our chief operating decision maker in deciding how to evaluate performance and allocate resources to each of the segments are Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin. Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin are calculated differently than our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin, which are further discussed under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin represent measures of segment profit reported to our chief operating decision maker for the purpose of making decisions about allocating resources to a segment and assessing its performance and are determined as disclosed in our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q consistent with the requirements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC 280, Segment Reporting. We define Segment Adjusted EBITDA as a segment’s net income (loss) before income tax (benefit) expense and by adding to or subtracting therefrom interest expense, net, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation costs, asset impairment and inventory revaluation costs, business transformation costs, capital structure transaction costs, acquisition costs, initial public offering costs and certain other costs. Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin is equal to a segment’s Segment Adjusted EBITDA divided by such segment’s net sales. Corporate expenses, which include selling, general and administrative costs related to our corporate offices, including payroll and other professional fees, are not included in computing Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Such corporate expenses increased by $1.3 million to $9.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020, from $8.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, and increased by $5.7 million to $27.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 from $22.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019.

Residential

The following table summarizes certain financial information relating to the Residential segment results that have been derived from our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.


	Three Months Ended June 30,											Nine Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2020			2019			Variance		%			2020			2019			Variance		%
Net Sales	$	192,599		$	182,553		$	10,046		5.5	%	$	538,514		$	476,441		$	62,073		13.0	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA		62,326			54,090			8,236		15.2			164,047			134,818			29,229		21.7
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin		32.4	%		29.6	%		N/A		N/A			30.5	%		28.3	%		N/A		N/A

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $10.0 million, or 5.5%, to $192.6 million from $182.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to higher sales in our Deck, Rail and Accessories business while our Exteriors business rebounded in June as key geographies resumed with strong construction and remodeling activity, which began to increase later in the quarter.

Net sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $62.1 million, or 13.0%, to $538.5 million from $476.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to higher sales in both our Deck, Rail and Accessories and Exteriors businesses driven by continued market growth, success of new products across the portfolio and the benefit from investments in downstream selling capabilities.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended June 30, 2020 increased by $8.2 million, or 15.2% to $62.3 million from $54.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was mainly driven by higher sales, net manufacturing productivity improvements, as well as lower selling, general and administrative expenses as a result of lower marketing and travel expenses, partially offset by higher COVID-19 related production costs.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months June 30, 2020 increased by $29.2 million, or 21.7% to $164.0 million from $134.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The increase was mainly driven by higher sales, net manufacturing productivity improvements, as well as lower selling, general and administration expenses, partially offset by COVID-19 related production costs.

Commercial

The following table summarizes certain financial information relating to the Commercial segment results that have been derived from our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.


	Three Months Ended June 30,												Nine Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2020			2019			Variance			%			2020			2019			Variance			%
Net Sales	$	31,112		$	38,754		$	(7,642	)		(19.7	)%	$	96,825		$	102,228		$	(5,403	)		(5.3	)%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA		5,024			6,893			(1,869	)		(27.1	)		11,179			14,376			(3,197	)		(22.2	)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin		16.1	%		17.8	%		N/A			N/A			11.5	%		14.1	%		N/A			N/A

Net Sales

Net sales were $31.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $38.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, a decrease of $7.6 million, or 19.7%. The Commercial segment has greater exposure to the broader economy and the business saw net sales declines as the effects of COVID-19 impacted certain end market demand during the quarter. The decrease in sales was due in part to geographic shutdowns for our Scranton Products bathroom partitions business and a significant contraction in retail, industrial and trade show business for our Vycom sheet business.

Net sales were $96.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $102.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019, a decrease of $5.4 million, or 5.3%. The decrease in sales was primarily driven by lower sales in our Vycom businesses, as the effects of COVID-19 impacted certain end market demands, partially offset by growth in Scranton Products.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA of the Commercial segment was $5.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020, compared to $6.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by lower sales and higher manufacturing costs, partially offset by reductions in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA of the Commercial segment was $11.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020, compared to $14.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by lower sales and higher manufacturing costs, partially offset by reductions in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our Consolidated Financial Statements prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP, we use certain non-GAAP performance financial measures, as described below, to provide investors with additional useful information about our financial performance, to enhance the overall understanding of our past performance and future prospects and to allow for greater transparency with respect to important metrics used by our management for financial and operational decision-making. We are presenting these non-GAAP financial measures to assist investors in seeing our financial performance from management’s view and because we believe they provide an additional tool for investors to use in comparing our core financial performance over multiple periods with other companies in our industry. Our GAAP financial results include significant expenses that are not indicative of our ongoing operations as detailed in the tables below.

However, non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in their usefulness to investors because they have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. In addition, non-GAAP financial measures may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be directly comparable to, similarly titled measures used by other companies. As a result, non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed as supplementing, and not as an alternative or substitute for, our Consolidated Financial Statements prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2020			2019			2020			2019
Non-GAAP financial measures:
Adjusted Gross Profit	$	91,234		$	90,462		$	252,989		$	228,143
Adjusted Gross Profit Margin		40.8	%		40.9	%		39.8	%		39.4	%
Adjusted Net Income		15,847			24,168			53,650			48,198
Adjusted Diluted EPS		0.13			0.22			0.47			0.45
Adjusted EBITDA		57,820			52,771			147,444			127,066
Adjusted EBITDA Margin		25.8	%		23.8	%		23.2	%		22.0	%

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Net Leverage

We define Adjusted Gross Profit as gross profit before depreciation and amortization, business transformation costs and acquisition costs as described below. Adjusted Gross Profit Margin is equal to Adjusted Gross Profit divided by net sales.We define Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation costs, business transformation costs, acquisition costs, initial public offering costs, capital structure transaction costs and certain other costs as described below. We define Adjusted Diluted EPS as Adjusted Net Income divided by weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted, to reflect the conversion or exercise, as applicable, of all outstanding shares of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and options to purchase shares of our common stock. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net

income (loss) before interest expense, net, income tax (benefit) expense and depreciation and amortization and by adding to or subtracting therefrom items of expense and income as described above. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is equal to Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. Net Leverage is equal to gross debt less cash and cash equivalents, divided by trailing twelve month Adjusted EBITDA. We believe Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Net Leverage are useful to investors because they help identify underlying trends in our business that could otherwise be masked by certain expenses that can vary from company to company depending on, among other things, its financing, capital structure and the method by which its assets were acquired, and can also vary significantly from period to period. We also add back depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation because we do not consider them indicative of our core operating performance. We believe their exclusion facilitates comparisons of our operating performance on a period-to-period basis. Therefore, we believe that showing gross profit and net income, as adjusted to remove the impact of these expenses, is helpful to investors in assessing our gross profit and net income performance in a way that is similar to the way management assesses our performance. Additionally, EBITDA and EBITDA margin are common measures of operating performance in our industry, and we believe they facilitate operating comparisons. Our management also uses Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin in conjunction with other GAAP financial measures for planning purposes, including as a measure of our core operating results and the effectiveness of our business strategy, and in evaluating our financial performance. Management considers Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS as useful measures because our cost of sales includes the depreciation of property, plant and equipment used in the production of products and the amortization of various intangibles related to our manufacturing processes. Further, management considers Net Leverage as a useful measure to assess our borrowing capacity.

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Net Leverage have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

•

These measures do not reflect our cash expenditures, future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

•

These measures do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

•

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debt;

•

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect our income tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our taxes;

•

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA exclude the expense of depreciation and amortization of our assets, and, although these are non-cash expenses, the assets being depreciated may have to be replaced in the future;

•

Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA exclude the expense associated with our equity compensation plan, although equity compensation has been, and will continue to be, an important part of our compensation strategy;

•

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA exclude certain business transformation costs, acquisition costs and other costs, each of which can affect our current and future cash requirements; and

•

Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Net Leverage differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Because of these limitations, none of these metrics should be considered indicative of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business or as measures of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations.

The following table presents reconciliations of the most comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP to these non-GAAP financial measures for the periods indicated:

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Profit Margin Reconciliation


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
(In thousands)
Gross Profit	$	75,123	$	75,410	$	205,786	$	183,721
Depreciation and amortization (1)		15,925		13,653		46,463		41,514
Business transformation costs (2)		—		1,399		—		2,908
Acquisition costs (3)		111		—		665		—
Other costs (4)		75		—		75		—

Adjusted Gross Profit	$	91,234	$	90,462	$	252,989	$	228,143


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Gross Profit		33.6	%		34.1	%		32.4	%		31.7	%
Depreciation and amortization		7.1	%		6.2	%		7.3	%		7.2	%
Business transformation costs		—			0.6	%		—			0.5	%
Acquisition costs		0.1%			—			0.1	%		—
Other costs		—			—			—			—

Adjusted Gross Profit Margin		40.8	%		40.9	%		39.8	%		39.4	%

(1)

Depreciation and amortization for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 consists of $9.7 million, $6.8 million, $27.9 million and $20.8 million, respectively, of depreciation and $6.2 million, $6.9 million, $18.6 million and $20.7 million, respectively, of amortization of intangibles relating to our manufacturing process.

(2)	Business transformation costs include start-up costs of our new recycling facility for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019.

(3)	Acquisition costs include $0.1 million and $0.7 million for inventory step-up adjustments related to recording the inventory of acquired businesses at fair value on the date of acquisition, for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.

(4)	Other cost includes reduction in workforce costs of $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020.

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS Reconciliation


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
(In thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511		$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)
Depreciation and amortization (1)		26,597			23,243			75,225			69,634
Stock-based compensation costs		18,788			737			20,169			2,600
Business transformation costs (2)		109			2,831			435			12,608
Acquisition costs (3)		182			521			1,538			3,656
Initial public offering costs		1,623			1,997			6,716			6,155
Other costs (4)		2,551			250			3,015			(6,693	)
Capital structure transaction costs (5)		37,538			—			37,538			—
Tax impact of adjustments (6)		(19,425	)		(6,922	)		(33,112	)		(20,486	)

Adjusted Net Income	$	15,847		$	24,168		$	53,650		$	48,198


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted	$	(0.44	)	$	0.01		$	(0.51	)	$	(0.18	)
Depreciation and amortization		0.22			0.21			0.66			0.64
Stock-based compensation costs		0.16			0.01			0.18			0.03
Business transformation costs		—			0.03			—			0.12
Acquisition costs		—			—			0.01			0.03
Initial public offering costs		0.01			0.02			0.06			0.06
Other costs		0.02			—			0.03			(0.06	)
Capital structure transaction costs		0.32			—			0.33			—
Tax impact of adjustments		(0.16	)		(0.06	)		(0.29	)		(0.19	)

Adjusted Diluted EPS (7)	$	0.13		$	0.22		$	0.47		$	0.45

(1)

Depreciation and amortization for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 consists of $12.7 million, $8.2 million, $33.6 million and $24.2 million, respectively, of depreciation and $13.9 million, $15.1 million, $41.6 million and $45.5 million, respectively, of amortization of intangibles.

(2)

Business transformation costs include consulting and other costs related to repositioning of our brands of $0.0 million and $0.7 for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.0 million and $3.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, compensation costs related to the transformation of the senior management team of $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.4 million and $1.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, costs related to the relocation of our corporate headquarters of $0.0 million and $1.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, startup costs of our new recycling facility of $0.0 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $0.0 million and $2.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and other integration-related costs of $0.0 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.0 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(3)

(4)

Other costs include costs for legal expenses of $0.4 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, reduction in workforce costs of $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, income from an insurance recovery of legal loss of $0.0 million and $7.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and costs related to an incentive plan associated with our IPO of $1.8 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $2.2 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(5)	Capital structure transaction costs include loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.9 million for the 2021 Senior Notes and $35.6 million for the 2025 Senior Notes for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020.

(6)	Tax impact of adjustments are based on applying a combined U.S. federal and state statutory tax rate of 24.5% and 24.0% for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(7)	Weighted average common shares outstanding used in computing diluted net income (loss) per common share of 119,067,790, and 108,162,741, for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 113,635,347 and 108,162,741 for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin Reconciliation


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019		2020			2019
(In thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	(52,116	)	$	1,511	$	(57,874	)	$	(19,276	)
Interest expense		25,148			21,440		64,882			63,213
Depreciation and amortization		26,597			23,243		75,225			69,634
Tax expense (benefit)		(2,600	)		241		(4,200	)		(4,831	)
Stock-based compensation costs		18,788			737		20,169			2,600
Business transformation costs (1)		109			2,831		435			12,608
Acquisition costs (2)		182			521		1,538			3,656
Initial public offering costs		1,623			1,997		6,716			6,155
Other costs (3)		2,551			250		3,015			(6,693	)
Capital structure transaction costs (4)		37,538			—		37,538			—

Total adjustments		109,936			51,260		205,318			146,342

Adjusted EBITDA	$	57,820		$	52,771	$	147,444		$	127,066


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Net income (loss)		(23.3	)%		0.7	%		(9.1	)%		(3.3	)%
Interest expense		11.3	%		9.7	%		10.2	%		10.9	%
Depreciation and amortization		11.9	%		10.5	%		11.8	%		12.0	%
Tax expense (benefit)		(1.2	)%		0.1	%		(0.7	)%		(0.8	)%
Stock-based compensation costs		8.4	%		0.3	%		3.2	%		0.4	%
Business transformation costs		—			1.3	%		0.1	%		2.2	%
Acquisition costs		0.1	%		0.2	%		0.2	%		0.6	%
Initial public offering costs		0.7	%		0.9	%		1.1	%		1.1	%
Other costs		1.1	%		0.1	%		0.5	%		(1.1	)%
Capital structure transaction costs		16.8	%		—			5.9	%		—

Total adjustments		49.1	%		23.1	%		32.3	%		25.3	%

Adjusted EBITDA Margin		25.8	%		23.8	%		23.2	%		22.0	%

(1)

(2)

(3)

Other costs include costs for legal expenses of $0.4 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, reduction in workforce costs of $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, income from an insurance recovery of legal loss of $0.0 million and $7.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and costs related to an incentive plan associated with our IPO of $1.8 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $2.2 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(4)	Capital structure transaction costs include loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.9 million for the 2021 Senior Notes and $35.6 million for the 2025 Senior Notes for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020.

Net Leverage Reconciliation


	Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2019			Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019			Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020			Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2020
(In thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	(20,196	)	$	(19,276	)	$	(57,874	)	$	(58,794	)
Interest expense		83,205			63,213			64,882			84,874
Depreciation and amortization		93,929			69,634			75,225			99,520
Tax expense (benefit)		(3,955	)		(4,831	)		(4,200	)		(3,324	)
Stock-based compensation costs		3,682			2,600			20,169			21,251
Business transformation costs		16,560			12,608			435			4,387
Acquisition costs		4,110			3,656			1,538			1,992
Initial public offering costs		9,076			6,155			6,716			9,637
Other costs		(6,845	)		(6,693	)		3,015			2,863
Capital structure transaction costs		—			—			37,538			37,538

Total adjustments		199,762			146,342			205,318			258,738

Adjusted EBITDA	$	179,566		$	127,066		$	147,444		$	199,944

Long-term debt—less current portion										$	506,656
Unamortized deferred financing fees											4,456
Unamortized original issue discount											542

Gross debt											511,654
Cash and cash equivalents											(215,111	)

Net debt											296,543
Net Leverage											1.5x

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity Outlook

Our primary cash needs are to fund working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and any acquisitions we may undertake. As of June 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $215.1 million and total indebtedness of $506.7 million. CPG International LLC, our direct, wholly owned subsidiary, had approximately $97.0 million available under the borrowing base for future borrowings as of June 30, 2020. CPG International LLC also has the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we also announced an acceleration and expansion of our capacity investment from $100.0 million to $180.0 million and believe we have the adequate liquidity to meet the higher level of capacity investment.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we borrowed $129.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, including, on March 16, 2020, $89.0 million to enhance our financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

On May 12, 2020, we issued $350.0 million of Senior Notes, and interest was payable on May 15 and November 15 of each year. We had the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2025 Senior Notes at any time on or after May 15, 2022 at certain redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, before May 15, 2022, we had the option to (i) redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 107.125% of the principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes redeemed, (ii) redeem (x) up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes or (y) all of the 2025 Senior Notes with the proceeds from a Qualified IPO (as such term was defined in the indenture that governed the 2025 Senior Notes) at a redemption price equal to 107.125% of the principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes redeemed or (iii) redeem some or all of the 2025 Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, in the case of each of (i), (ii) and (iii), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

We used the proceeds of the 2025 Senior Notes offering to redeem $315.0 million of outstanding 2021 Senior Notes, representing all of the outstanding 2021 Senior Notes, plus $4.6 million in accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, and to repay $15.0 million of the outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility.

On June 5, 2020, we entered into an amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility, or the Amendment, which established $8.5 million of commitments for FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility. The FILO Loans are available to be drawn in a single disbursement on or prior to December 31, 2020. The availability of the FILO Loans will be subject to satisfaction of certain conditions at the time of borrowing, including the value of borrowing-base eligible assets at the time of borrowing. Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility as amended by the Amendment, FILO Loans may be borrowed against increased percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets (as compared to the percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets applicable to all other loans under the Revolving Credit Facility). The Amendment did not increase the total aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. Borrowing of FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will reduce the total aggregate commitments available for revolving loans for so long as the FILO Loans remain outstanding. If borrowed, the FILO Loans will mature on December 4, 2021. There is no assurance that we will be able to draw on the FILO Loans at any time. As of June 30, 2020, we have not drawn on the FILO loans.

We redeemed the $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of outstanding 2025 Senior Notes issued on May 12, 2020 with the net proceeds from the IPO at a redemption price of 107.125% of the outstanding principal amount, plus $3.9 million in accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. We also used a portion of the net proceeds received by us from the IPO to repay $70.0 million of the then-outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility and to prepay approximately $337.7 million of the outstanding principal amount under our Term Loan Agreement, plus $4.3 million in accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

We believe we will have adequate liquidity over the next 12 months to operate our business and to meet our cash requirements as a result of cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility after consideration of our debt service and other cash requirements. In the longer term, our liquidity will depend on many factors, including our results of operations, our future growth, the timing and extent of our expenditures to develop new products and improve our manufacturing capabilities, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities and the extent to which we make acquisitions. Changes in our operating plans, material changes in anticipated sales, increased expenses, acquisitions or other events may cause us to seek additional equity and/or debt financing in future periods.

Holding Company Status

We are a holding company and do not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, we are largely dependent upon cash dividends and distributions and other transfers from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations. The agreements governing the indebtedness of our subsidiaries impose restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

CPG International LLC is party to the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Agreement, or, together, the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are secured by specified assets as described under “Indebtedness”, and the obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are guaranteed by The AZEK Company Inc. and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

The Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain covenants restricting payments of dividends by CPG International LLC unless certain conditions, as provided in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, are met. The covenants under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities provide for certain exceptions for specific types of payments. However, other than restricted payments under the specified exceptions, the covenants under our Term Loan Agreement generally prohibit the payment of dividends unless the fixed charge coverage ratio of CPG International LLC, on a pro forma basis, for the four quarters preceding the declaration or payment of such dividend would be at least 2.00 to 1.00 and such restricted payments do not exceed an amount based on the sum of $40.0 million plus 50% of consolidated net income for the period commencing October 1, 2013 to the end of the most recent fiscal quarter for which internal consolidated financial statements of CPG International LLC are available at the time of such restricted payment, plus certain customary addbacks. Based on the general restrictions in our Term Loan Agreement as of September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC would not have been permitted to declare or pay dividends, except for the specific purposes specified in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, and, accordingly, $490.0 million of the assets of CPG International LLC were restricted pursuant to the terms of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

Since the restricted net assets of The AZEK Company Inc. and its subsidiaries exceed 25% of our consolidated net assets, in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule 1 of Regulation S-X, refer to our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for condensed parent company financial statements of The AZEK Company Inc.

Cash Sources

We have historically relied on cash flows from operations generated by CPG International LLC, borrowings under the credit facilities, issuances of notes and other forms of debt financing and capital contributions to fund our cash needs.

On September 30, 2013, our subsidiary, CPG International LLC (as successor-in-interest to CPG Merger Sub LLC, a limited liability company formed to effect the acquisition of CPG International LLC), Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent and collateral agent, or the Revolver Administrative Agent, and the lenders party thereto entered into the Revolving Credit Facility. On March 9, 2017, the Revolving Credit Facility was amended and restated to provide for maximum aggregate borrowings of up to $150.0 million, subject to an asset-based borrowing base. The borrowing base is limited to a specified percentage of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, less reserves that may be established by the Revolver Administrative Agent in the exercise of its reasonable credit judgment. On June 5, 2020, we entered into the Amendment, which established $8.5 million of commitments for FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility. Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility as amended by the Amendment, FILO Loans may be borrowed against increased percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets (as compared to the percentages of borrowing base eligible assets applicable to all other loans under the Revolving Credit Facility). The Amendment did not increase the total aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. FILO Loans may be borrowed in a single disbursement on or prior to December 31, 2020. Borrowing of FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will reduce the total aggregate commitments available for revolving loans for so long as the FILO Loans remain outstanding. If borrowed, the FILO Loans will mature on December 4, 2021. As of June 30, 2020, we have not drawn on the FILO loans. As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC had $44.0 million and $0.0 million, respectively, of outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and had $3.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, of outstanding letters of credit held against the Revolving Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC had approximately $97.0

million and $113.7 million, respectively, available under the borrowing base for future borrowings in addition to cash and cash equivalents on hand of $215.1 million and $105.9 million, respectively. Because our borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility depends, in part, on inventory, accounts receivable and other assets that fluctuate from time to time, the amount available under the borrowing base may not reflect actual borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Cash Uses

Our principal cash requirements have included working capital, capital expenditures, payments of principal and interest on our debt, and, if market conditions warrant, making selected acquisitions. We may elect to use cash from operations, debt proceeds, equity or a combination thereof to finance future acquisition opportunities.

The table below details the total operating, investing and financing activity cash flows for each of the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2019.

Cash Flows


	Nine Months Ended June 30,						$ Variance			% Variance
(Dollars in thousands)	2020			2019			Increase/(Decrease)			Increase/(Decrease)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	11,286		$	20,257		$	(8,971	)		(44.3	)%
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(72,998	)		(46,391	)		26,607			57.4
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		170,876			(5,351	)		176,227			N/M

Net increase (decrease) in cash	$	109,164		$	(31,485	)	$	140,649			446.7	%

“N/M” indicates the variance as a percentage is not meaningful.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $11.3 million and $20.3 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. During the first half of our fiscal year, we operate programs to prepare for increased purchases during the building season, and as a result, we typically experience an increase in cash used in operating activities relative to the second half of our fiscal year. The $9.0 million decrease is a result of a net increase in working capital as we built inventory and accounts receivable during the period and reduced certain payables in accrued expenses.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $73.0 million and $46.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, primarily representing purchases of property, plant and equipment in the normal course of business and the acquisition of Return Polymers for $18.5 million.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities was $170.9 million and $(5.4) million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 consisted of proceeds from our IPO, net of related costs, our issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes and the Revolving Credit Facility, offset by our redemption of the 2025 Senior Notes and the 2021 Senior Notes, debt payments and redemptions of capital contributions, as compared to the nine months ended June 30, 2019, which consisted of proceeds from our Revolving Credit Facility, offset by payments for debt and contingent consideration related to the acquisition of WES, LLC and its wholly owned subsidiary, Ultralox Technology, LLC.

Indebtedness

Revolving Credit Facility

The Revolving Credit Facility provides for maximum aggregate borrowings of up to $150.0 million, subject to an asset-based borrowing base. Outstanding revolving loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest at a rate which equals, at our option, either (i) for alternative base rate, or ABR, borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR, as of such date for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, plus, in each case, a spread of 50 to 100 basis points based on average historical availability, or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, adjusted LIBOR plus a spread of 150 to 200 basis points, based on average historical availability. On June 5, 2020, we entered into the Amendment, which established $8.5 million of commitments for FILO Loans. The commitments for the FILO Loans do not increase the total aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility, as the total aggregate amount of revolving commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility will be reduced by the amount of any FILO loans outstanding. The FILO Loans are available to be drawn in a single disbursement on or prior to December 31, 2020. Outstanding FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest at a rate which equals, at our option, either (i) for alternative base rate, or ABR, borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR, as of such date for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, plus, in each case, a spread of 250 basis points based on average historical availability, or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, adjusted LIBOR plus a spread of 350 basis points.

A “commitment fee” accrues on any unused portion of the revolving commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility during the preceding three calendar month period. If the average daily used percentage is greater than 50%, the commitment fee equals 25 basis points, and if the average daily used percentage is less than or equal to 50%, the commitment fee equals 37.5 basis points. The Revolving Credit Facility will mature on March 9, 2022. During March 2020, we borrowed $129.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, including, on March 16, 2020, $89.0 million to enhance our financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. On May 14, 2020, following the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes on May 12, 2020, we repaid $15.0 million of outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility. We also repaid $70.0 million of outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility with proceeds from the IPO.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in certain assets, including substantially all of the accounts receivable, inventory, deposit accounts, securities accounts and cash assets of The AZEK Company Inc., CPG International LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the Revolving Credit Facility, and the proceeds thereof (subject to certain exceptions), or the Revolver Priority Collateral, plus a second priority security interest in all of the Term Loan Priority Collateral (as defined below). The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by The AZEK Company Inc. and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

Revolving loans under the Revolving Credit Facility may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty. Other than in the case of a mandatory prepayment, FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility may not be repaid prior to maturity unless all revolving loans have been repaid. CPG International LLC is also required to make mandatory prepayments (i) when aggregate borrowings exceed commitments or the applicable borrowing base and (ii) during “cash dominion,” which occurs if (a) the availability under the Revolving Credit Facility is less than the greater of (i) $12.5 million and (ii) 10% of the lesser of (x) $150.0 million and (y) the borrowing base, for five consecutive business days or (b) certain events of default have occurred and are continuing.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains affirmative covenants that are customary for financings of this type, including allowing the Revolver Administrative Agent to perform periodic field exams and appraisals to evaluate the borrowing base. The Revolving Credit Facility contains various negative covenants, including limitations on, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of indebtedness, the incurrence of liens, dispositions, investments, acquisitions, restricted payments, transactions with affiliates, as well as other negative covenants customary for financings of this type. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes a financial maintenance covenant, applicable only when the excess availability is less than the greater of (i) 10% of the lesser of the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility and the borrowing base, and (ii) $12.5 million. In such circumstances, we would be required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) for the trailing four quarters equal to at least 1.0 to 1.0; subject to our ability to make an equity cure (no more than twice in any four quarter period and up to five times over the life of the facility). As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the financial and nonfinancial covenants imposed by the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

We also have the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

Term Loan Agreement

The Term Loan Agreement is a first lien term loan. As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC had $467.1 million and $808.5 million, respectively, outstanding under the Term Loan Agreement. The Term Loan Agreement will mature on May 5, 2024.

The interest rate applicable to the outstanding principal under the Term Loan Agreement equals, at our option, either, (i) in the case of ABR borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate as of such day plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR as of such day for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, provided that in no event will the alternative base rate be less than 200 basis points, plus, in each case, the applicable margin of 275 basis points per annum; or (ii) in the case of Eurocurrency borrowings, the greater of (a) the LIBOR in effect for such interest period divided by one, minus the statutory reserves applicable to such Eurocurrency borrowing, if any, and (b) 100 basis points, plus the applicable margin of 375 basis points per annum.

The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a first priority security interest in the membership interests of CPG International LLC owned by The AZEK Company Inc., the equity interests of CPG International LLC’s domestic subsidiaries and all remaining assets not constituting Revolver Priority Collateral (subject to certain exceptions) of The AZEK Company Inc., CPG International

LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the Term Loan Agreement, or the Term Loan Priority Collateral, and a second priority security interest in the Revolver Priority Collateral. The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are guaranteed by The AZEK Company Inc., and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

The Term Loan Agreement may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty (other than the Prepayment Premium, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement, if applicable), subject to certain customary conditions. CPG International LLC is also required to make mandatory prepayments in an amount equal to (i) 100% of the net cash proceeds from casualty events or the disposition of property or assets, subject to customary reinvestment rights, (ii) 100% of the net cash proceeds from the incurrence or issuance of indebtedness (other than permitted indebtedness) by CPG International LLC or any restricted subsidiary and (iii) 50% of excess cash flow, with such percentage subject to reduction (to 25% and to 0%) upon achievement of specified leverage ratios and which prepayment may be declined by the lenders under the Term Loan Agreement. The estimated prepayment from excess cash flow was $6.4 million at September 30, 2019. At the lenders option, the excess cash flow payment made in January 2020 was $2.2 million with the remaining prepayment declined by the lenders. Additionally, CPG International LLC is required to pay the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan Agreement in quarterly installments of 0.25253% of the aggregate principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement outstanding, and such quarterly payments may be reduced as a result of prepayments.

The Term Loan Agreement contains affirmative covenants, negative covenants and events of default, which are broadly consistent with those in the Revolving Credit Facility (with certain differences consistent with the differences between a revolving loan and term loan) and that are customary for facilities of this type. The Term Loan Agreement does not have any financial maintenance covenants. As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the covenants imposed by the Term Loan Agreement. The Term Loan Agreement also includes customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

We have the right to arrange for incremental term loans under the Term Loan Agreement of up to an aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million, plus the amounts incurred under Incremental Amendment No. 1 thereto, plus any amounts previously voluntarily prepaid, with additional incremental term loans available if certain leverage ratios are achieved.

2025 Senior Notes

On May 12, 2020, CPG International LLC issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2025 Senior Notes. The 2025 Senior Notes are obligations of CPG International LLC and are guaranteed by its subsidiaries that also guarantee the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement. At any time, CPG International LLC had the option to redeem the 2025 Senior Notes in whole or in part, subject to specified make-whole obligations or redemption prices. CPG International LLC had, prior to May 15, 2022, the option to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount or 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes with the proceeds of a Qualified IPO (as defined in the indenture governing the 2025 Senior Notes) at a redemption price equal to 107.125% of the principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. CPG International LLC redeemed the 2025 Senior Notes in full with a portion of net proceeds from the IPO on June 16, 2020.

2021 Senior Notes

On September 30, 2013, CPG International LLC issued $315.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2021 Senior Notes. On May 12, 2020, in conjunction with the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes, CPG International LLC satisfied and discharged its obligations with respect to the 2021 Senior Notes, which were redeemed in full on June 8, 2020 at a redemption price equal to par plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.

Restrictions on Dividends

The Senior Secured Credit Facilities each restrict payments of dividends unless certain conditions, as provided in the Revolving Credit Facility or the Term Loan Agreement, as applicable, are met.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In addition to our debt guarantees, we have contractual commitments for purchases of certain minimum quantities of raw materials at index-based prices, and non-cancelable capital and operating leases, outstanding letters of credit and fixed asset purchase commitments. We have no other material non-cancelable guarantees or commitments, and no material special purpose entities or other off-balance sheet debt obligations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as compared to the critical accounting policies and significant judgments and estimates disclosed in the Prospectus, except as updated in Note 1 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our long-term debt. Our principal interest rate risk relates to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. To meet our seasonal working capital needs, we borrow periodically on our variable rate revolving line of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, we had $467.1 million and $808.5 million, respectively, outstanding under the Term Loan Agreement and $44.0 million and $0.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Term Loan Agreement and Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at variable rates. An increase or decrease of 100 basis points in the floating rates on the amounts outstanding under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities as of June 30, 2020 and 2019, would have increased or decreased, respectively, annual cash interest by approximately $5.1 million and $8.1 million, respectively.

In the future, in order to manage our interest rate risk, we may refinance our existing debt or enter into interest rate swaps or otherwise hedge the risk of changes in the interest rate under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. However, we do not intend or expect to enter into derivative or interest rate swap transactions for speculative purposes.

Credit Risk

As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, our cash and cash equivalents were maintained at major financial institutions in the United States, and our current deposits are likely in excess of insured limits. We believe these institutions have sufficient assets and liquidity to conduct their operations in the ordinary course of business with little or no credit risk to us.

Our accounts receivable primarily relate to revenue from the sale of products primarily to established distributors inside of the United States. To mitigate credit risk, ongoing credit evaluations of customers’ financial condition are performed. As of June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019, no customer represented more than 10% of our gross trade accounts receivable.

Foreign Currency Risk

Substantially all of our business is currently conducted in U.S. dollars. We do not believe that an immediate 10% increase or decrease in the relative value of the U.S. dollar as compared to other currencies would have a material effect on our operating results.

Inflation

Our cost of sales is subject to inflationary pressures and price fluctuations of the raw materials we use. Historically, we have generally been able over time to recover the effects of inflation and price fluctuations through sales price increases and production efficiencies associated with technological enhancements and volume growth; however, we cannot reasonably estimate our ability to successfully recover any price increases in the future.

Raw Materials

We rely upon the supply of certain raw materials in our production processes; however, we do not typically enter into fixed price contracts with our suppliers and currently have no fixed price contracts with our major vendors. The primary raw materials we use in the manufacture of our products are various petrochemical resins, including polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC resins, reclaimed polyethylene and PVC material, waste wood fiber and aluminum. In addition, we utilize a variety of other additives including modifiers, TiO2 and pigments. The exposures associated with these costs are primarily managed through terms of the sales and by maintaining relationships with multiple vendors. Prices for spot market purchases are negotiated on a continuous basis in line with the market at the time. We have not entered into hedges with respect to our raw material costs at this time, but we may choose to enter into such hedges in the future. Other than short term supply contracts for resins with indexed based pricing and occasional strategic purchases of larger quantities of certain raw materials, we generally buy materials on an as-needed basis.

The cost of some of the raw materials we use in the manufacture of our products is subject to significant price volatility. For example, the cost of petrochemical resins used in our manufacturing processes has historically varied significantly and has been affected by changes in supply and demand and in the price of crude oil. Substantially all of our resins are purchased under supply contracts that average approximately one to two years, for which pricing is variable based on an industry benchmark price index. The resin supply contracts are negotiated annually and generally provide that we are obligated to purchase a minimum amount of resins from each supplier. In addition, the price of reclaimed polyethylene material, waste wood fiber, aluminum, other additives (including modifiers, TiO2 and pigments) and other raw materials fluctuates depending on, among other things, overall market supply and demand and general business conditions.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2020, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as a result of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as described below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2020.

Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As of September 30, 2019, we determined that we have three material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. The first material weakness relates to the maintenance of an effective control environment as we lacked a sufficient complement of resources. This material weakness contributed to an additional material weakness relating to the design and maintenance of formal accounting policies, procedures and controls. The third relates to the design and maintenance of effective controls over certain information technology general controls. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of a company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

The first material weakness relates to the fact that we did not design or maintain an effective control environment commensurate with our financial reporting requirements. Specifically, we lacked a sufficient complement of resources with an appropriate level of accounting knowledge, training and experience to appropriately analyze, record and disclose accounting matters timely and accurately. This material weakness contributed to the following additional three material weaknesses.

The second material weakness relates to the fact that we did not design and maintain adequate formal accounting policies, procedures and controls, or maintain documentary evidence of existing control activities. Specifically, we did not design and maintain adequate formal accounting policies, procedures and controls to achieve complete, accurate and timely financial accounting, reporting and disclosures, including adequate controls over the preparation and review of account reconciliations and journal entries. Additionally, we did not maintain adequate documentary evidence of existing control activities, and we did not design and maintain controls over the appropriate classification and presentation of accounts and disclosures in the financial statements.

As of September 30, 2019, we also have a third material weakness as a result of the material weakness in our control environment in that we did not design and maintain effective controls over certain information technology, or IT, general controls for information systems and applications that are relevant to the preparation of the financial statements. Specifically, we did not design and maintain:

•

User access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and that adequately restrict user and privileged access to financial applications, programs and data to appropriate company personnel;

•

Program change management controls to ensure that IT program and data changes affecting financial IT applications and underlying accounting records are identified, tested, authorized and implemented appropriately;

•

Computer operations controls to ensure that critical batch jobs are monitored, and data backups are authorized and monitored; and

•

Testing and approval controls for program development to ensure that new software development is aligned with business and IT requirements.

These IT control deficiencies did not result in a misstatement to our financial statements. However, the deficiencies, when aggregated, could impact maintaining effective segregation of duties, as well as the effectiveness of IT-dependent controls (such as automated controls that address the risk of material misstatements to one or more assertions, and IT controls and underlying data that support the effectiveness of IT system-generated data and reports).

Each of the material weaknesses described above involve control deficiencies that could result in a misstatement of one or more account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected, and, accordingly, we determined that these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses.

Management’s Plan to Remediate the Material Weaknesses

We are currently in the process of implementing measures and taking steps to address the underlying causes of the material weaknesses. Our efforts to date have included the following:

•

We hired finance and accounting personnel with prior work experience in finance and accounting departments of public companies and with technical accounting, financial controls and SEC reporting experience, including the hiring of our Chief Financial Officer in January 2019 and our Chief Accounting Officer in April 2019. We have also reorganized our finance department to place finance personnel in line with our operating functions and to improve internal control over business processes and IT operations.

•

Although we have not remediated the material weaknesses related to the maintenance of an effective control environment and related to the design and maintenance of formal policies, procedures and internal controls, we have designed and are currently implementing formal accounting policies and procedures, training on standards of documentary evidence, as well as implementing additional controls to ensure the reliability of critical spreadsheets and system-generated reports.

•

Specifically, we have designed and implemented the following as part of our ongoing remediation efforts:

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We formalized and issued accounting policies and position papers covering critical accounting areas.

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We risk ranked business process controls for remediation to address higher priority areas first.

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We strengthened controls related to review of account reconciliations, journal entries and balance sheet and income statement fluctuation analysis.

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We enhanced controls related to the consolidation of financial information of all of our operating companies.

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We provided training to strengthen process documentation and evidence of control operation, as well as precision of review controls.

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To complete our remediation plan, we will perform testing to confirm that such controls are designed and operating effectively for a sufficient period of time.

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Although we have not remediated the material weakness related to the design and maintenance of effective controls over certain information technology general controls, we have designed and are currently implementing an IT general controls framework that addresses risks associated with user access and security, application change management and IT operations; focused training for control owners to help sustain effective control operations; and comprehensive remediation efforts relating to segregation of duties to strengthen user access controls and security.

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Specifically, we have designed and implemented the following as part of our ongoing remediation:

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We have risk ranked segregation of duties conflicts within our core financial system, remediated the highest priority conflicts and, where necessary, identified and validated mitigating controls.

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We enhanced and implemented user administration processes that manage how we grant, modify, and remove user access to our financial applications. We completed a comprehensive review of privileged user access across our financial applications to confirm that access rights are restricted to authorized users based on business need.

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We enhanced and implemented processes for managing changes to our financial applications (including controls that require all changes to be formally submitted, approved, tested and migrated to production by authorized users) as well as over program development.

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We enhanced and implemented processes over our computer operations that restrict access to and continually monitor production batch jobs that support our financial reporting applications.

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To complete our IT general controls remediation plan we will perform testing to confirm that such controls are operating effectively.

While we believe these efforts will improve our internal controls and address the underlying causes of the three material weaknesses, such material weaknesses will not be remediated until our remediation plan has been fully implemented and we have concluded that our controls are operating effectively for a sufficient period of time. We cannot be certain that the steps we are taking will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to our material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting or prevent future material weaknesses or control deficiencies from occurring. In addition, we cannot be certain that we have identified all material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, or that in the future we will not have additional material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than the changes intended to remediate the material weaknesses noted above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended June 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

Our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various lawsuits, as well as other claims, that arise from time to time, which are ordinary routine litigation and claims incidental to the business. With respect to pending lawsuits and claims, management has evaluated their merits, and, while their outcome cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that their ultimate resolution will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Investing in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risks and uncertainties, together with all of the other information contained in the Prospectus, including our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Prospectus, before making an investment decision. In addition to the risks relating to the COVID-19 pandemic that are specifically described in these Risk Factors, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may also have the effect of significantly heightening many of the other risks associated with our business and an investment in our Class A common stock, including the other risks described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Prospectus. The occurrence of any of the following risks, or additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In such case, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry

Our business, financial condition and results of operations are being, and are expected to continue to be, adversely affected by the current COVID-19 public health pandemic.

Any outbreaks of contagious diseases, public health epidemics or pandemics and other adverse public health developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The COVID-19 pandemic, and the reactions of governmental and other authorities to contain, mitigate or combat the pandemic, which have severely restricted the level of economic activity around the world, have impacted, and are expected to continue to impact, our operations, and the nature, extent and duration of the impact of COVID- 19 or any future disease or adverse health condition is highly uncertain and beyond our control. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the governments of many countries, states, cities and other geographic regions have taken preventative or protective actions, such as imposing restrictions on travel and business operations.

Although we have implemented measures to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations, including reducing our production and expenses, these measures may not fully mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot predict the degree to, or the period over, which we will be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting governmental and other measures.

We expect that the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely continue to adversely affect demand for our products over the balance of fiscal 2020. To address the anticipated reduction in demand for our products, we are engaging directly with our distributors to share information on market demand and ensure supply and inventory levels are appropriate. We are also reducing production across our manufacturing sites to align our output with potential reductions in demand during the balance of the year. We anticipate that distributors and dealers may choose to delay the purchase of our products, and homeowners and our industrial and commercial customers may choose to delay new construction or repair and remodeling activity, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures to contain its spread.

In addition, our supply chain is largely concentrated in the United States, and although it has not been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic to date, we may experience disruptions or delays in our supply chain in connection with the pandemic in the future, which may result in the need to seek alternate suppliers. Alternate suppliers may be more expensive, may not be available or may encounter delays in shipments to us, which would affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot estimate the extent and duration of the disruption to our supply chain, or the significance of the related financial impact. Should any such disruption continue for an extended period of time, the impact could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

On March 16, 2020, we borrowed $89.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility to enhance our financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic in addition to our other borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility of $40.0 million in the aggregate during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Using net proceeds we received from the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes and from the IPO, we repaid $85.0 million in aggregate, of outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility. In the longer term, our liquidity will depend on many factors, including our results of operations, our future growth, the timing and extent of our expenditures to develop new products and improve our manufacturing capabilities, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities and the extent to which we make acquisitions. Changes in our operating plans, material changes in anticipated sales, increased expenses, acquisitions or other events may cause us to seek additional equity and/or debt financing in future periods. We cannot assure you if our access to capital would continue to satisfy our needs under the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

We expect that the COVID-19 pandemic will affect many aspects of our business, including, but not limited to, the following:

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We expect to experience reductions in demand for many of our products due to the economic uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in unemployment rates, and distributors’, dealers’ suppliers’, homeowners’ and other third parties’ diminished financial condition or financial distress.

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Our distributors and dealers may be unable to meet their payment obligations to us in a timely manner. Further, other third parties, such as suppliers and other outside business partners, may experience significant disruptions in their ability to satisfy their obligations with respect to us, or they may be unable to do so altogether.

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Measures that we have taken to address the COVID-19 pandemic, including, among other things, providing additional safety equipment, reducing our production, encouraging our employees who are able to work remotely to do so, enacting and enforcing employee physical distancing protocols in our factories and reducing the need for face-to-face interactions, are reducing the efficiency of our operations.

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Additionally, we may be exposed to increased cybersecurity risks as a result of remote working requirements.

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Illness, travel restrictions or other workforce disruptions could negatively affect our supply chain, our ability to timely and satisfactorily meet our customers’ demands or our other business processes. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, we could experience a longer-term impact on our operating expenses, including as a result of, among other things, the need for enhanced health and hygiene requirements in our manufacturing facilities and in our corporate offices or the periodic revival of physical or social distancing or other measures in one or more regions, including the states where our manufacturing facilities are located, in attempts to counteract or prevent future outbreaks.

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We have reduced the number of employees that we employ in order to reduce our operating expenses. We may experience difficulties associated with hiring additional employees or replacing employees. Increased turnover rates of our employees could increase operating costs and create challenges for us in maintaining high levels of employee awareness of, and compliance with, our internal procedures and external regulatory compliance requirements, in addition to increasing our recruiting, training and supervisory costs.

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In addition to existing travel restrictions implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, states and other jurisdictions may continue to close borders, impose prolonged quarantines and further restrict travel and business activity, which could materially impair our ability to support our operations and customers, to source supplies through our supply chain and to identify, pursue and capture new business opportunities, and which could continue to restrict the ability of our employees to access their workplaces. We also face the possibility of increased overhead or other expenses resulting from compliance with any future government orders or other measures enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our management of the impact of COVID-19 has required, and will continue to require, significant investment of time by our management and employees as well as other resources. The focus on managing and mitigating the impacts of COVID-19 on our business will likely cause us to divert or delay the application of our resources toward new initiatives, including the development of new products, which may adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations in future periods.

The timing for us resuming operations at or near the levels of operations experienced before the COVID-19 pandemic depends on numerous factors beyond our control, including, among other things: (1) the duration of, any revisions in, and the possible reimposition of governmental quarantine, shelter-in-place or similar social distancing orders or guidelines; (2) the occurrence and magnitude of future outbreaks, including localized outbreaks where our manufacturing facilities are located; (3) the availability of vaccines or other medical remedies and preventive measures; and (4) broader economic conditions, including unemployment levels and the reaction of consumers to potentially longer-term economic uncertainty, which may adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations in future periods.

Additionally, although we are reviewing and will review any available benefits under the federal and state relief and stimulus legislation and programs, whether presently enacted or enacted in the future, including, among other things, those under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act, at this time, we do not know whether we will be able to access any such benefits in a manner that is advantageous to us or at all.

Demand for our products is significantly influenced by general economic conditions and trends in consumer spending on outdoor living and home exteriors, and adverse trends in, among other things, the health of the economy, repair and remodel and new construction activity, industrial production, consumer confidence and discretionary spending and institutional funding constraints could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Demand for our products is significantly influenced by a number of economic factors affecting our customers, including distributors, dealers, contractors, architects, builders, homeowners and institutional and commercial consumers. Demand for our products depends on the level of residential and commercial improvement and renovation and new construction activity, and, in particular, the amount of spending on outdoor living spaces and home exteriors. Home and commercial renovation and improvement and new construction activity are affected by, among other things, interest rates, consumer confidence and spending habits, demographic trends, housing affordability levels, unemployment rates, institutional funding constraints, industrial production levels, tariffs and general economic conditions.

For example, in our Residential segment, sales of our products depend primarily on the level of repair and remodel activity and, to a lesser extent, new construction activity. Accordingly, increases in interest rates or the reduced availability of financing can reduce the level of home improvement and new construction activity and the demand for our products. In addition, the residential repair and remodel market depends in part on home equity financing, and accordingly, the level of equity in homes will affect consumers’ ability to obtain a home equity line of credit and engage in renovations that would result in purchases of our products. Accordingly, a weakness in home prices may result in a decreased demand for our residential products.

Many of our residential products are impacted by consumer demand for, and spending on, outdoor living spaces and home exteriors. For example, sales of our deck and rail products depend on lifestyle and architectural trends and the extent to which consumers prioritize spending to enhance outdoor living spaces for their homes. While we believe consumer preferences have increased spending on outdoor living and home exteriors in recent years, the level of spending could decrease in the future. Decreased spending on outdoor living spaces and home exteriors generally or as a percentage of home improvement activity may decrease demand for our deck, railing and trim products.

Demand for our products in our Commercial segment is affected by the level of commercial and governmental construction and renovation activity. The levels of commercial and governmental construction and renovation activity are affected by the levels of interest rates, availability of financing for commercial and industrial projects, the general business environment and the availability of governmental funding. Sales of products by our Commercial segment include sales for use in institutions, such as universities and schools, and in federal, state and local government buildings, which depend on federal, state and local funding for construction and renovation projects. Sales to institutions that depend on public funding are affected by factors that may impose constraints on funding availability for construction and renovation projects, including increased operational costs, budget cuts by federal, state and local governments, including as a result of lower than anticipated tax revenues, increased limitations on federal spending or government shutdowns. Sales to commercial establishments depend on, among other things, general levels of industrial production and business growth and the performance of the various markets in which our commercial end customers operate.

Adverse trends in any of the foregoing factors could reduce our sales and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Such factors could also alter the balance of our Residential and Commercial sales or the balance of our product sales within either such segment. In light of differing margins, changes in the relative amount and type of residential and commercial industrial activity or the mix of products sold may have an impact on our business and cause our revenues and profitability to fluctuate from period to period.

We operate in a competitive business environment. If we are unable to compete effectively, our sales would suffer and our business, financial condition and operating results would be adversely affected.

We operate in a competitive business environment, and we compete with multiple companies with respect to each of our products. While we have longstanding business relationships with many of our distributors, dealers and contractors, we generally do not have long-term contracts with these customers. Accordingly, any failure to compete effectively, including as a result of the various factors described below, could cause our customers to cease purchasing our products or rapidly decrease our sales.

Our residential products compete primarily with wood products that comprise the majority of decking, railing, trim and related market sales. We also compete with metal products and with engineered products sold by other companies. In our Commercial segment, we compete in several highly fragmented markets. Our Vycom products compete with products sold into narrow market segments with a wide range of end uses through specialized distribution networks that vary depending on the particular end use. Products made by Scranton Products compete with bathroom partitions, lockers and storage solutions sold at a wide range of prices and manufactured using a variety of materials.

Our business model relies on the continued conversion in demand from traditional wood products to our engineered products, and our business could suffer if this conversion does not continue in the future. A number of suppliers of wood and wood composite deck, trim and rail products have established relationships with contractors, builders and large home improvement retailers, and, to compete successfully, we must expand and strengthen our relationships with those parties. We must also compete successfully with products from other manufacturers that offer alternatives to wood and wood composite products, including by developing competitive new products and by responding successfully to new products introduced, and pricing and other competitive actions taken, by competitors.

Some of our competitors have financial, production, marketing and other resources that are significantly greater than ours. Consolidation by industry participants could further increase their resources and result in competitors with expanded market share, larger customer bases, greater diversified product offerings and greater technological and marketing expertise, which may allow them to compete more effectively against us. Moreover, our competitors may develop products that are superior to our products (on a price-to-value basis or otherwise) or may adapt more quickly to new technologies or evolving customer requirements. Technological advances by our competitors may lead to new manufacturing techniques and make it more difficult for us to compete.

Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate as a result of seasonality, changes in weather conditions and changes in product mix.

Our quarterly operating results during the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020 and in future fiscal years may fluctuate or otherwise be significantly affected as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of the pandemic may exceed the quarterly changes in our operating results that we have typically experienced from seasonality, weather conditions and product mix.

We have typically experienced moderately higher levels of sales of our residential products in the second fiscal quarter of the year as a result of our “early buy” sales and extended payment terms typically available during the second fiscal quarter of the year. As a result of these extended payment terms, our accounts receivable have typically reached seasonal peaks at the end of the second fiscal quarter of the year, and our net cash provided by operating activities has typically been lower in the second fiscal quarter relative to other quarters. Our sales are also generally impacted by the number of days in a quarter or a year that contractors and other professionals are able to install our products. We have generally experienced lower levels of sales of residential products during the first fiscal quarter due to adverse weather conditions in certain markets, which typically reduces the construction and renovation activity during the winter season. Although our products can be installed year-round, unusually adverse weather conditions can negatively impact the timing of the sales of certain of our products, causing reduced sales and negatively impacting profitability when such conditions exist. Our residential products are generally purchased shortly before installation and used in outdoor environments. As a result, there is a correlation between the amount of products we sell and weather conditions during the time they are to be installed. Adverse weather conditions may interfere with ordinary construction, delay projects or lead to cessation of construction involving our products. Prolonged adverse weather conditions could significantly reduce our sales in one or more periods. These conditions may shift sales to subsequent reporting periods or decrease overall sales, given the limited outdoor construction season in many locations. In addition, we have experienced higher levels of sales of our engineered bathroom partition products and our locker products during the second half of our fiscal year, which includes the summer months during which schools are typically closed and therefore more likely to be undergoing remodel activities. These factors can cause our operating results to fluctuate on a quarterly basis.

Our operating results may also fluctuate due to changes in the mix of products sold. We sell products at different prices, composed of different materials and involving varying levels of manufacturing complexity. Changes in the mix of products sold from period to period may affect our average selling price, cost of sales and gross margins.

If we fail to develop new and improved products successfully, or fail to effectively manage the introduction of new products, our business will suffer.

Our continued success depends on our ability to predict the products that will be demanded by our customers and consumers, such as homeowners or commercial or industrial purchasers, and to continue to innovate and introduce improved products in our existing product lines and products in new product categories. We may not be successful in anticipating these needs or preferences or in developing new and improved products. If we do not respond effectively to changing market trends, demands and preferences and to actions by competitors by introducing competitive new products, our business, financial condition and results of operations would suffer.

Even if we do introduce new products in the market, consumers may not choose our new products over existing products. In addition, competitors could introduce new or improved products that would replace or reduce demand for our products or develop proprietary changes in manufacturing technologies that may render our products obsolete or too expensive to compete effectively. In addition, when we introduce new products, we must effectively anticipate and manage the effect of new product introductions on sales of our existing products. If new products displace sales of existing products more broadly or rapidly than anticipated, we may have excess inventory of existing products and be required to reduce prices on existing products, which could adversely affect our results of operations. As we continue to introduce new products at varying price points to broaden our product offerings to compete with products made with wood or other traditional materials across a wide range of prices, our overall gross margins may vary from period to period as a result of changes in product mix.

Moreover, we may introduce new products with initially lower gross margins with the expectation that the gross margins associated with those products may improve over time as we improve our manufacturing efficiency for those products, and our results of operations would be adversely affected if we are unable to realize the anticipated improvements.

In the past we have devoted, and in the future we expect to continue to devote, significant resources to developing new products. However, we cannot be sure that we will successfully complete the development and testing of new products and be able to release the products when anticipated or at all. From time to time, we may make investments in the development of products we ultimately determine not to release resulting in write-downs of inventory and related assets.

Our business would suffer if we do not effectively manage changes in our manufacturing processes resulting from growth of our business, cost savings and integration initiatives and the introduction of new technologies and products.

We continually review our manufacturing operations in an effort to achieve increased manufacturing efficiencies, integrate new technologies and to address changes in our product lines and in market demand. Periodic manufacturing integrations, realignments and cost savings programs and other changes have adversely affected, and could in the future adversely affect, our operating efficiency and results of operations during the periods in which such programs are being implemented. Such programs may include the addition of manufacturing lines and the consolidation, integration and upgrading of facilities, functions, systems and procedures, including the introduction of new manufacturing technologies and product innovations. These programs involve substantial planning, often require capital investments, and may result in charges for fixed asset impairments or obsolescence and substantial severance costs. Our ability to achieve cost savings or other benefits within the time frames we anticipate is subject to many estimates and assumptions, a number of which are subject to significant economic, competitive and other uncertainties. For example, we have made substantial investments to expand our recycling capabilities and to increase the use of reclaimed materials in our manufacturing processes. While we anticipate that enhancing these capabilities will ultimately decrease our costs, the introduction of these capabilities has required significant initial investment, and we cannot be certain we will realize the benefits of this initiative when anticipated or at all. If these investments and other changes are not effectively integrated into our manufacturing processes, we may suffer from production delays, lower efficiency and manufacturing yields, increased costs and reduced net sales.

We must also effectively address changes to our manufacturing operations resulting from growth of our business generally and introduction of new products. As we increase our manufacturing capacity to meet market demand or begin to manufacture new products at scale, we may face unanticipated manufacturing challenges as production volumes increase, new processes are implemented and new supplies of raw materials used in these products are secured. New products may initially be more costly and less efficient to produce than our existing products. In addition, we could experience delays in production as we increase our manufacturing capacity or begin to manufacture new products that may result in the products ordered by our customers being on back-order as initial production issues are addressed. As a result, increases in manufacturing capacity or the introduction of new products may initially be associated with lower efficiency and manufacturing yields and increased costs, including shipping costs to fill back-orders. If we experience production delays or inefficiencies, a deterioration in the quality of our products or other complications in managing changes to our manufacturing processes, including those that are designed to increase capacity, enhance efficiencies and reduce costs or that relate to new products or technologies, we may not achieve the benefits that we anticipate from these actions when expected, or at all, and our operations could experience disruptions, our manufacturing efficiency could suffer and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our sales and results of operations may suffer if we do not maintain our relationships with, forecast the demand of and make timely deliveries to our key distributors or other customers.

Our operations depend upon our ability to maintain our strong relationships with our network of distributors and dealers. Our top ten distributors collectively accounted for a majority of our net sales for the year ended September 30, 2019. Our largest distributor, Parksite Inc., accounted for approximately 20% of our net sales for the year ended September 30, 2019. While we have long-standing business relationships with many of our key distributors and our distribution contracts generally provide for exclusive relationships with respect to certain products within certain geographies, these contracts typically permit the distributor to terminate for convenience on several months’ notice. The loss of, or a significant adverse change in, our relationships with one or more of our significant distributors could materially reduce our net sales.

Distributors and dealers that sell our products are sensitive to meeting the demands of their end customers on a timely basis. Dealers that sell our products typically place orders with our distributors that need to be filled in a short time frame, and these dealers typically do not have an exclusive relationship with us. Purchases by our distributors and dealers are affected by their individual decisions on the levels of inventory they carry, their views on product demand, their financial condition and the manner in which they choose to manage inventory risk. In addition, purchases by distributors and dealers are affected by a variety of other factors, including product pricing, increases in the number of competitive producers and the production capacity of other producers, new product introductions, changes in levels of home renovation and new construction activity, and weather-related fluctuations in demand. As a result, demand for our products can be difficult to predict. If we do not forecast and plan production effectively to manufacture sufficient products to meet demand or if we experience delays in our ability to manufacture products, dealers may seek alternative products, including those of our competitors. Failure to meet demand requirements on a timely basis may cause distributors or dealers to build up inventory as a precautionary measure, rapidly shift their product mix away from our products, harm our long-term relationships with distributors and dealers, harm our brand and reduce, or increase the variability of, our net sales.

We must continue to provide product offerings at price points that meet the needs of distributors and dealers and that they perceive to be competitive with the products on the market. If our key distributors or dealers are unwilling to continue to sell our products at existing or higher levels, or if they desire to sell competing products alongside our products, our ability to maintain or increase our sales could suffer. In addition, mergers or acquisitions involving our distributors or dealers and one of our competitors, or a distributor or dealer with a relationship with one of our competitors, could decrease or eliminate purchases of our product by that distributor or dealer. If a key distributor or dealer were to terminate its relationship with us or reduce purchases of our products, we may not be able to replace that relationship with a relationship with a new distributor or dealer in a timely manner or at all. In addition, any such new relationship may take time to develop and may not be as favorable to us as the relationship it is replacing. The loss of, or a reduction in orders from, any significant distributor or dealer, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Shortages in supply, price increases or deviations in the quality of the raw materials used to manufacture our products could adversely affect our sales and operating results.

The primary raw materials used in our products are various petrochemical resins, including polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC resins, reclaimed polyethylene and PVC material, waste wood fiber and aluminum. We also utilize other additives including modifiers, TiO2 and pigments. Our contracts with key suppliers are typically short term in nature, with terms generally ranging from one to three years. While we do not rely on any single supplier for the majority of our raw materials, we do obtain certain raw materials from single or a limited number of suppliers. In particular, we rely on a single supplier for certain

critical capped compounds used in our deck and railing products. We do not currently have arrangements in place for a redundant or second-source supply for those compounds. If one or more suppliers were unable to satisfy our requirements for particular raw materials, we believe alternative sources of supply would be available. However, we could experience a disruption to our operations as alternative suppliers are identified and qualified and new supply arrangements are entered into, and we cannot be sure we will be able to identify alternative sources of supply rapidly, without incurring significant costs or at all.

In the event of an industry-wide general shortage of our raw materials, a shortage affecting or discontinuation in providing any such raw materials by one or more of our suppliers or a supplier’s declaration of force majeure, we may not be able to arrange for alternative sources of such materials on a timely basis or on equally favorable terms. We have also recently significantly increased the use of reclaimed polyethylene and PVC material in our products. As we increase our use of such materials and introduce new materials into our manufacturing processes, we may be unable to obtain adequate quantities of such new raw materials in a timely manner. Any such shortage may materially adversely affect our production process as well as our competitive position as compared to companies that are able to source their raw materials more reliably or at lower cost.

In addition, significant increases in the cost of the raw materials used to manufacture our products could adversely affect our operating results. The cost of some of the raw materials we use in the manufacture of our products is subject to significant price volatility. For example, the cost of petrochemical resins used in our manufacturing processes has historically varied significantly and has been affected by changes in supply and demand and in the price of crude oil. We have not entered into hedges of our raw material costs, and our supply contracts with our major vendors do not contain obligations to sell raw materials to us at a fixed price.

Accordingly, we are exposed to the risk of increases in the market prices of raw materials used in the manufacture of our products. Our results of operations have been affected in the past by changes in the cost of resins, and we expect that our results of operations in the future will continue to be affected by changes in resin costs. In the event of an increase in the cost of resins or other raw materials, we may not be able to recover the increases through corresponding increases in the prices of our products. Even if we are able to increase prices over time, we may not be able to increase prices as rapidly as the increase in our costs. If we are unable to increase our prices or experience a delay in our ability to increase our prices or to recover such increases in our costs, our gross profit will suffer. In addition, increases in the price of our products to compensate for increased costs of raw materials may reduce demand for our products and adversely affect our competitive position as compared to products made of other materials, such as wood and metal, that are not affected by changes in the price of resins and some of the other raw materials that we use in the manufacture of our products.

We are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers to consistently provide raw materials that meet our specifications, quality standards and other applicable criteria. Our suppliers’ failure to provide raw materials that meet such criteria could adversely affect production schedules and our product quality, which in turn could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

An interruption of our production capability at one or more of our manufacturing facilities from pandemics, accident, calamity or other causes, or events affecting the global economy, could adversely affect our business.

We manufacture our products at a limited number of manufacturing facilities, and we generally do not have redundant production capabilities that would enable us to shift production of a particular product rapidly to another facility in the event of a loss of one of or a portion of one of our manufacturing facilities. A catastrophic loss of the use of one or more of our manufacturing facilities due to pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, accident, fire, explosion, labor issues, tornado, other weather conditions, natural

disasters, condemnation, cancellation or non-renewals of leases, terrorist attacks or other acts of violence or war or otherwise could have a material adverse effect on our production capabilities. In addition, unexpected failures, including as a result of power outages or similar disruptions outside of our control, of our equipment and machinery could result in production delays or the loss of raw materials or products in the equipment or machinery at the time of such failures. Any of these events could result in substantial revenue loss and repair costs. An interruption in our production capabilities could also require us to make substantial capital expenditures to replace damaged or destroyed facilities or equipment. There are a limited number of manufacturers that make some of the equipment we use in our manufacturing facilities, and we could experience significant delay in replacing manufacturing equipment necessary to resume production. An interruption in our production capability, particularly if it is of significant duration, could result in a permanent loss of customers who decide to seek alternate products.

Our business operations could be adversely affected by the loss of the services from members of our senior management team and other key employees.

Our success depends in part on the continued contributions of our senior management and other key employees. Our senior operating management members have extensive sales and marketing, engineering, product development, manufacturing and finance backgrounds. The loss of any member of our senior management team or other key employees in the future could significantly impede our ability to successfully implement our business strategy, financial plans, product development goals, marketing initiatives and other objectives. Should we lose the services of any member of our senior management team or key personnel, replacing such personnel could involve a prolonged search and divert management time and attention and we may not be able to locate and hire a qualified replacement. We do not carry key man insurance to mitigate the financial effect of losing the services of any member of our management team.

Acquisitions or joint ventures we may pursue in the future may be unsuccessful.

We may consider the acquisition of other manufacturers or product lines of other businesses that either complement or expand our existing business, or may enter into joint ventures. We cannot assure you that we will be able to consummate any such acquisitions or joint ventures or that any future acquisitions or joint ventures will be able to be consummated at acceptable prices and on acceptable terms. Any future acquisitions or joint ventures we pursue may involve a number of risks, including some or all of the following:

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difficulty in identifying acceptable acquisition candidates;

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the inability to consummate acquisitions or joint ventures on favorable terms and to obtain adequate financing, which financing may not be available to us at times, in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all;

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the diversion of management’s attention from our core businesses;

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the disruption of our ongoing business;

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entry into markets in which we have limited or no experience;

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the inability to integrate our acquisitions or enter into joint ventures without substantial costs, delays or other problems;

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unexpected liabilities for which we may not be adequately indemnified;

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inability to enforce indemnification and non-compete agreements;

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failing to successfully incorporate acquired product lines or brands into our business;

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the failure of the acquired business or joint venture to perform as well as anticipated;

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the failure to realize expected synergies and cost savings;

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the loss of key employees or customers of the acquired business;

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increasing demands on our operational systems and the potential inability to implement adequate internal controls covering an acquired business or joint venture;

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any requirement that we make divestitures of operations or property in order to comply with applicable antitrust laws;

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possible adverse effects on our reported operating results, particularly during the first several reporting periods after the acquisition is completed; and

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impairment of goodwill relating to an acquired business, which could reduce reported income.

Any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

In addition, acquisitions or joint ventures could result in significant increases in our outstanding indebtedness and debt service requirements or could involve the issuance of preferred stock or common stock that would be dilutive to existing stockholders. Incurring additional debt to fund an acquisition may result in higher debt service and a requirement to comply with additional financial and other covenants, including potential restrictions on future acquisitions and distributions. Funding an acquisition with our existing cash would reduce our liquidity. The terms of our existing and future debt agreements may limit the size and/or number of acquisitions we can pursue or our ability to enter into a joint venture.

Our business could be adversely affected if we fail to maintain product quality and product performance at an acceptable cost or if we incur significant losses, increased costs or harm to our reputation or brand as a result of product liability claims or product recalls.

In order to maintain and increase our net sales and sustain profitable operations we must produce high- quality products at acceptable manufacturing costs and yields. If we are unable to maintain the quality and performance of our products at acceptable costs, our brand, the market acceptance of our products and our results of operations would suffer. As we regularly modify our product lines and introduce changes to our manufacturing processes or incorporate new raw materials, we may encounter unanticipated issues with product quality or production delays. For example, we have recently introduced products that incorporate larger proportions of reclaimed raw materials, primarily reclaimed polyethylene and PVC. While we engage in product testing in an effort to identify and address any product quality issues before we introduce products to market, unanticipated product quality or performance issues may be identified after a product has been introduced and sold.

In addition, we face the risk of exposure to product liability or other claims, including class action lawsuits, in the event our products are, or are alleged to be, defective or have resulted in harm to persons or to property. We may in the future incur significant liabilities if product liability lawsuits against us are successful. We may also have to recall and/or replace defective products, which would also result in adverse publicity and loss of sales, and would result in us incurring costs connected with the recall, which could be material. Any losses not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Real or perceived quality issues, including those arising in connection with product liability lawsuits, warranty claims or recalls, could also result in adverse publicity, which could harm our brand and reputation and cause our sales to decline rapidly. In addition, any such issues may be seized on by competitors in efforts to increase their market share.

We provide product warranties and, if our product warranty obligations were significantly in excess of our reserves, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We provide various warranties on our products, ranging from five years to lifetime warranties depending on the product and subject to various limitations. Management estimates warranty reserves, based in part upon historical warranty costs, as a proportion of sales by product line. Management also considers various relevant factors, including our stated warranty policies and procedures, as part of the evaluation of our warranty liability. Because warranty issues may surface later in the life cycle of a product, management continues to review these estimates on a regular basis and considers adjustments to these estimates based on actual experience compared to historical estimates. Estimating the required warranty reserves requires a high level of judgment, especially as many of our products are at a relatively early stage in their product life cycles, and we cannot be sure that our warranty reserves will be adequate for all warranty claims that arise. We have recently increased our use of reclaimed materials in the manufacturing of our products. While we performed extensive testing in connection with the utilization of such materials, the use of reclaimed materials represents a recent and significant change in our business and the use of such materials may result in unanticipated product quality or performance issues and an increase in warranty claims for certain of our products. We have also recently introduced a new warranty that provides coverage for labor costs incurred in the replacement of products under warranty under specified circumstances. Although we have significant experience regarding warranty claims on our products generally, we do not have historical experience relating to warranty claims under the terms of this new warranty coverage. Warranty obligations in excess of our reserves could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We depend on third parties for transportation services, and the lack of availability of and/or increases in the cost of transportation could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our business depends on the transportation of both finished goods to our distributors and other customers and the transportation of raw materials to us primarily through the use of flatbed trucks and rail transportation. We rely on third parties for transportation of these items. The availability of these transportation services is subject to various risks, including those associated with supply shortages, change in fuel prices, work stoppages, operating hazards and interstate transportation regulations. In particular, a significant portion of our finished goods are transported by flatbed trucks, which are occasionally in high demand (especially at the end of calendar quarters) and/or subject to price fluctuations based on market conditions and the price of fuel.

If the required supply of transportation services is unavailable when needed, we may be unable to sell our products when they are requested by our customers. In that event, we may be required to reduce the price of the affected products, seek alternative and, potentially more costly, transportation services or be unable to sell the affected products. Similarly, if any of these transportation providers were unavailable to deliver raw materials to us in a timely manner, we may be unable to manufacture our products in response to customer demand. In addition, a significant increase in transportation rates or fuel surcharges could adversely affect our profitability. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Increases in labor costs, potential labor disputes and work stoppages or an inability to hire skilled manufacturing, sales and other personnel could adversely affect our business.

An increase in labor costs, work stoppages or disruptions at our facilities or those of our suppliers or transportation service providers, or other labor disruptions, could decrease our sales and increase our expenses. In addition, although our employees are not represented by a union, our labor force may become subject to labor union organizing efforts, which could cause us to incur additional labor costs and increase the related risks that we now face.

The competition for skilled manufacturing, sales and other personnel is intense in the regions in which our manufacturing facilities are located, including in Wilmington, Ohio and Scranton, Pennsylvania. A significant increase in the salaries and wages paid by competing employers could result in a reduction of our labor force, increases in the salaries and wages that we must pay or both. If we are unable to hire skilled manufacturing, sales and other personnel, our ability to execute our business plan, and our results of operations, would suffer.

If we are unable to collect accounts receivable from one or more of our significant distributors, dealers or other customers, our financial condition and operating results could suffer.

We extend credit to our distributors and, to a lesser extent, dealers and other customers, based on an evaluation of their financial condition, and we generally do not require collateral to secure these extensions of credit. The financial health of many of our customers is affected by changes in the economy and the cyclical nature of the building industry. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related economic downturn or protracted or severe economic declines and cyclical downturns from other causes in the building industry may cause our customers to be unable to satisfy their payment obligations, including their debts to us. While we maintain allowances for doubtful accounts, these allowances may not be adequate to provide for actual losses, and our financial condition and results of operation could be materially and adversely affected if our losses from doubtful accounts significantly exceed our estimates.

We may incur goodwill and other intangible or long-lived asset impairment charges that adversely affect our operating results.

We review our goodwill and other intangibles not subject to amortization for impairment annually, or when events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit could be lower than its carrying value. Changes in economic or operating conditions impacting our estimates and assumptions could result in the impairment of our goodwill or long-lived assets. No impairments were recorded for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 or the year ended September 30, 2019. In the event that we determine our goodwill or long-lived assets are impaired, we may be required to record a significant charge to earnings in our financial statements that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If our remediation of these material weaknesses is not effective, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls in the future, we may not be able to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the trading price of our Class A common stock may decline.

We also had a previous material weakness, which was remediated during fiscal 2019, that related to the fact that we did not design and maintain formal accounting policies, procedures and controls to analyze, account for and disclose non-routine or complex transactions.

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User access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and that adequately restrict user and privileged access to financial applications, programs and data to appropriate company personnel;

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Computer operations controls to ensure that critical batch jobs are monitored, and data backups are authorized and monitored; and

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Testing and approval controls for program development to ensure that new software development is aligned with business and IT requirements.

Each of the remaining material weaknesses described above involve control deficiencies that could result in a misstatement of one or more account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected, and, accordingly, we determined that these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses.

We are in the process of taking steps intended to address the underlying causes of the material weaknesses and to remediate the three remaining material weaknesses. Our efforts to date have included: (i) hiring additional qualified finance and accounting personnel, including the hiring of a new Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer; (ii) the implementation of formal policies, procedures and controls, training on standards of documentary evidence, as well as implementation of controls designed to ensure the reliability of critical spreadsheets and system generated reports; and (iii) designing and engaging in the implementation of an IT general controls framework that addresses risks associated with user access and security, application change management and IT operations, focused training for control owners to help sustain effective control operations and comprehensive remediation efforts relating to segregation of duties to strengthen user access controls and security.

While we believe these efforts will improve our internal controls and address the underlying causes of the three remaining material weaknesses, such material weaknesses will not be remediated until our remediation plan has been fully implemented and we have concluded that our controls are operating effectively for a sufficient period of time.

We cannot be certain that the steps we are taking will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to our material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting or prevent future material weaknesses or control deficiencies from occurring. In addition, we cannot be certain that we have identified all material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, or that in the future we will not have additional material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.

If we fail to effectively remediate the remaining material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls in the future, we may be unable to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations. We also could become subject to sanctions or investigations by the securities exchange on which our Class A common stock is listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. In addition, if we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, when required, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, we may face restricted access to the capital markets, and the trading price of our Class A common stock may decline.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the rules and regulations and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We are also continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources, including accounting-related costs and significant management oversight.

In addition to the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that we have identified, we may discover additional weaknesses in our disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial

reporting that we will eventually be required to include in our periodic reports that will be filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our Class A common stock. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on the NYSE. We are not currently required to comply with the SEC rules that implement Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and are therefore not required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for that purpose. As a public company, we will be required to provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting commencing with our second annual report on Form 10-K.

Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our internal control over financial reporting is documented, designed or operating. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results and could cause a decline in the price of our Class A common stock.

Subjective estimates and judgments used by management in the preparation of our financial statements, including estimates and judgments that may be required by new or changed accounting standards, may impact our financial condition and results of operations.

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. Due to the inherent uncertainty in making estimates, results reported in future periods may be affected by changes in estimates reflected in our financial statements for earlier periods. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. From time to time, there may be changes in the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. In some instances, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retrospectively. If the estimates and judgments we use in preparing our financial statements are subsequently found to be incorrect or if we are required to restate prior financial statements, our financial condition or results of operations could be significantly affected.

The estimates and forecasts of market opportunity and market growth included in this prospectus may prove to be inaccurate, and we cannot assure you our business will grow at similar rates, or at all.

Estimates and forecasts of market size and opportunity and of market growth are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. The estimates and forecasts in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Prospectus of the size of the markets that we may be able to address and the growth in these markets are subject to many assumptions and may prove to be inaccurate. In particular, the market and industry estimates in the Prospectus were prepared prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. We expect that the COVID-19 pandemic may materially reduce the growth of various of the markets discussed in the Prospectus, and we cannot predict the extent to which

those estimates will be affected. Further, we may not be able to address fully the markets that we believe we can address, and we cannot be sure that these markets will grow at historical rates or the rates we expect for the future. Even if we are able to address the markets that we believe represent our market opportunity and even if these markets experience the growth we expect, we may not grow our business at similar rates, or at all. Our growth is subject to many factors, including our success in implementing our business strategy, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, the estimates and forecasts of market size and opportunity and of market growth included in the Prospectus may not be indicative of our future growth.

We may be subject to significant compliance costs as well as liabilities under environmental, health and safety laws and regulations which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operations.

Our past and present operations, assets and products are subject to regulation by extensive environmental laws and regulations at the federal, state and local levels. These laws regulate, among other things, air emissions, the discharge or release of materials into the environment, the handling and disposal of wastes, remediation of contaminated sites, worker health and safety and the impact of products on human health and safety and the environment. Under some of these laws, liability for contaminated property may be imposed on current or former owners or operators of the property or on parties that generated or arranged for waste sent to the property for disposal. Liability under these laws may be joint and several and may be imposed without regard to fault or the legality of the activity giving rise to the contamination. Our facilities are located on sites that have been used for manufacturing activities for an extended period of time, which increases the possibility of contamination being present. Despite our compliance efforts, we may still face material liability, limitations on our operations or fines or penalties for violations of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including releases of regulated materials and contamination by us or previous occupants at our current or former properties or at offsite disposal locations we use.

We are also subject to permitting requirements under environmental, health and safety laws and regulations applicable in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Those requirements obligate us to obtain permits from one or more governmental agencies in order to conduct our operations. Such permits are typically issued by state agencies, but permits and approvals may also be required from federal or local governmental agencies. The requirements for such permits vary depending on the location where our regulated activities are conducted. As with all governmental permitting processes, there is a degree of uncertainty as to whether a permit will be granted, the time it will take for a permit to be issued and the conditions that may be imposed in connection with the granting of the permit. Any failure to obtain or delay in obtaining a permit required for our operations, or the imposition of onerous conditions in any such permits, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operations.

Applicable environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, and any changes to them or in their enforcement, may require us to make material expenditures with respect to ongoing compliance with, or remediation under, these laws and regulations or require that we modify our products or processes in a manner that increases our costs and/or reduces our profitability. For example, additional pollution control equipment, process changes or other environmental control measures may be needed at our facilities to meet future requirements. In addition, discovery of currently unknown or unanticipated soil or groundwater contamination at our properties could result in significant liabilities and costs. Accordingly, we are unable to predict the future costs of compliance with, or liability under, environmental, health and safety laws and regulations.

Our business operations could suffer if we fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, and we may experience claims by third parties that we are violating their intellectual property rights.

We rely on trademark and service mark protection to protect our brands, and we have registered or applied to register many of these trademarks and service marks. In particular, we believe the AZEK and AZEK Exteriors brands, the TimberTech brand and the VERSATEX brand are significant to the success of our business. In the event that our trademarks or service marks are successfully challenged and we lose the rights to use those trademarks or service marks, or if we fail to prevent others from using them (or similar marks), we could be forced to rebrand our products, requiring us to devote resources to advertising and marketing new brands. In addition, we cannot be sure that any pending trademark or service mark applications will be granted or will not be challenged or opposed by third parties or that we will be able to enforce our trademark rights against counterfeiters.

We generally rely on a combination of unpatented proprietary know-how and trade secrets, and to a lesser extent, patents to preserve our position in the market. Because of the importance of our proprietary know-how and trade secrets, we employ various methods to protect our intellectual property, such as entering into confidentiality agreements with third parties, and controlling access to, and distribution of, our proprietary information. We may not be able to deter current and former employees, contractors and other parties from breaching confidentiality obligations and misappropriating proprietary information. It is difficult for us to monitor unauthorized uses of our products and technology. Accordingly, these protections may not be adequate to prevent competitors from copying, imitating or reverse engineering our products or from developing and marketing products that are substantially equivalent to or superior to our own.

In addition, we have applied for patent protection relating to certain existing and proposed products, processes and services or aspects thereof. We cannot be sure that any of our pending patent applications will be granted or that any patents issued as a result of our patent applications will be of sufficient scope or strength to provide us with any meaningful protection or commercial advantage.

If third parties take actions that affect our rights or the value of our intellectual property or proprietary rights, or if we are unable to protect our intellectual property from infringement or misappropriation, other companies may be able to offer competitive products at lower prices, and we may not be able to effectively compete against these companies. In addition, if any third party copies or imitates our products in a manner that affects customer or consumer perception of the quality of our products, or of engineered products generally, our reputation and sales could suffer whether or not these violate our intellectual property rights.

In addition, we face the risk of claims that we are infringing third parties’ intellectual property rights. Any such claim, even if it is without merit, could be expensive and time-consuming to defend and could divert the time and attention of our management. An intellectual property claim against us that is successful could cause us to cease making or selling products that incorporate the disputed intellectual property, require us to redesign our products, which may not be feasible or cost effective, and require us to enter into costly royalty or licensing arrangements, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, certain material technology and know-how we use to manufacture our products is licensed to us rather than owned by us, and our license is subject to termination in the event of uncured material breach, among other reasons.

Any major disruption or failure of our information technology systems or our website, or our failure to successfully implement new technology effectively, could adversely affect our business and operations.

We rely on various information technology systems, owned by us and third parties, to manage our operations, maintain books and records, record transactions, provide information to management and prepare our financial statements. In addition, we have made a significant investment in our website which we believe is critical for lead generation and is the primary forum through which we interact with end consumers. A failure of our information technology systems or our website to operate as expected could disrupt our business and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. These systems and our website are vulnerable to damage from hardware failure; fire; power loss; Internet; data network and telecommunications failure; loss or corruption of data and impacts of terrorism; natural disasters or other disasters. We may not have sufficient redundant operations to cover a loss or failure in a timely manner. In addition, the operation of these systems and our website is dependent upon third party technologies, systems and services, and support by third party vendors, and we cannot be sure that these third party systems, services and support will continue to be available to us without interruption, particularly in light of the disruptions stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Any damage to our information technology systems or website could cause interruptions to our operations that materially adversely affect our ability to meet customers’ requirements, resulting in an adverse impact to our business, financial condition and results of operations. Periodically, these systems and our website need to be expanded, updated or upgraded as our business needs change. We may not be able to successfully implement changes in our information technology systems and to our website without experiencing difficulties, which could require significant financial and human resources.

We face cybersecurity risks and risks arising from new regulations governing information security and privacy and may incur increasing costs in an effort to mitigate those risks.

We utilize systems and websites that allow for the secure storage and transmission of proprietary or confidential information regarding our customers, employees and others, including personal information. We may be vulnerable to, and unable to anticipate or detect, data security breaches and data loss, including rapidly evolving and increasingly sophisticated and prevalent cybersecurity attacks. In addition, data security breaches can also occur as a result of a breach by us or our employees or by persons with whom we have commercial relationships that result in the unauthorized release of personal or confidential information. In addition to our own databases, we use third-party service providers to store, process and transmit confidential or sensitive information on our behalf. A data security breach could occur in the future either at their location or within their systems that could affect our personal or confidential information.

A data security breach may expose us to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, and could result in significant costs to us, which may include, among others, fines and penalties, costs related to remediation, potential costs and liabilities arising from governmental or third-party investigations, proceedings or litigation, diversion of management attention and harm to our reputation. We could also experience delays or interruptions in our ability to function in the normal course of business, including delays in the fulfillment of customer orders or disruptions in the manufacture and shipment of products. In addition, actual or anticipated attacks may cause us to incur costs, including costs to deploy additional personnel and protection technologies, train employees and engage third-party experts and consultants. Any compromise or breach of our security could result in a violation of applicable privacy and other laws, significant legal and financial exposure, and a loss of confidence in our security measures, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and reputation.

The regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding, with frequent imposition of new and changing requirements, which could cause us to incur substantial costs. In the United States, various laws and regulations apply to the collection, processing, disclosure and security of certain types of data, including the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, the Gramm Leach Bliley Act and various state laws relating to privacy and data security, including the California Consumer Privacy Act, which took effect on January 1, 2020.

Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with laws, regulations, policies or regulatory guidance relating to privacy or data security may result in governmental investigations and enforcement actions, litigation, fines and penalties or adverse publicity, and could cause our customers and consumers to lose trust in us, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation and business.

Changes to legislative and regulatory policies related to home ownership may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our markets are affected by legislative and regulatory policies that promote or do not promote home ownership, such as U.S. tax rules allowing for deductions of mortgage interest or interest on home equity loans. For example, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or the Tax Act, which was enacted into law on December 22, 2017, imposes limitations on the deductibility of interest on mortgages qualifying of the home mortgage interest deduction. Beginning in 2018, taxpayers may only deduct interest on $750,000 of qualified residence loans, including home equity loans that are used to substantially improve the taxpayer’s home that secures the loan, a reduction from the prior limit of $1.0 million. As many consumers finance renovation projects that use our products with home equity loans, limitations on the deductibility of interest on those loans could reduce demand for our products. In addition, recent U.S. federal and state legislative and regulatory policies enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic provide various measures of relief for homeowners, primarily in the form of mortgage payment forbearance for homeowners with federally-backed mortgages and temporary moratoria on foreclosures and evictions. It remains uncertain whether or to what extent such relief measures could protect homeowners, including as a result of their possible expiration and non-renewal, and what impact they will have on the U.S. real estate market and the U.S. and global economies generally, and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected as a result. Future changes to laws or policies relating to these or similar matters could reduce demand for our products and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Many of our products must comply with local building codes and ordinances and failure of our products to comply with such codes and ordinances may have an adverse effect on our business.

Many of our products must comply with local building codes and ordinances. These codes and ordinances are subject to future government review and interpretation. If our products fail to comply with such local building codes or ordinances, our ability to market and sell such products would be impaired. Also, should these codes and ordinances be amended or expanded, or should new laws and regulations be enacted, we could incur additional costs or become subject to requirements or restrictions that require us to modify our products or adversely affect our ability to market and sell our products. Furthermore, failure of our products to comply with such codes or ordinances could subject us to negative publicity or damage our reputation.

Comprehensive tax reform legislation could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Tax Act, among other things, contains significant changes to corporate taxation, including reduction of the corporate tax rate from a top marginal rate of 35% to a flat rate of 21%, limitation of the tax deduction for business interest expense to 30% of “adjusted taxable income” (roughly defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization in the case of taxable years beginning before January 1, 2022 and earnings before interest and taxes thereafter), limitation of the deduction for net operating losses to 80% of current year taxable income and elimination of net operating loss carrybacks, one time taxation of offshore earnings at reduced rates regardless of whether they are repatriated, current U.S. taxation on foreign earnings earned by certain foreign subsidiaries (subject to certain important exceptions), immediate deductions for certain new investments instead of deductions for depreciation expense over time, and modifying or repealing many business deductions and credits. On March 27, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the CARES Act was signed into law and modifies certain provisions under the Tax Act. The CARES Act, among other things, increased the limitation on the deductibility of business interest to 50% of “adjusted taxable income” for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2018 and before January 1, 2021 and allows taxpayers to elect to compute the limitation on business interest expense for 2020 by using its “adjusted taxable income” from 2019. The CARES Act also suspends the 80% limitation on the deduction of net operating losses for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2021 and enables taxpayers to carry back net operating losses generated in a taxable year beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021 to each of the five preceding taxable years. The CARES Act also contains provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, alternative minimum tax credit refunds and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property that may impact our business and financial results. The most significant impacts of the Tax Act on our financial results to date have included lowering of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate and remeasurement of our net deferred tax liabilities. We expect the limitation under the Tax Act on the tax deduction of interest expense will limit our annual deductions of interest expense as a result of our significant outstanding indebtedness until we reduce our outstanding indebtedness or our adjusted earnings increase by an amount sufficient to permit full deductibility of our interest expense. In the event we are subject to limitations on the deductibility of interest under the Tax Act, we will be permitted an indefinite carryforward, and disallowed interest expense will be deductible in later years, subject to the same 30% limitation (or 50% limitation under the CARES Act for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2018 and before January 1, 2021) and to ownership change limitations under Sections 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, similar to net operating losses.

We continue to examine the impact that the Tax Act and the CARES Act may have on our business in the longer term. Accordingly, notwithstanding the reduction in the corporate income tax rate, the overall impact on us of the Tax Act and the CARES Act is uncertain.

Our insurance coverage may be inadequate to protect against the potential hazards incident to our business.

We maintain property, business interruption, product liability and casualty insurance coverage, but such insurance may not provide adequate coverage against potential claims, including losses resulting from interruptions in our production capability or product liability claims relating to the products we manufacture. Consistent with market conditions in the insurance industry, premiums and deductibles for some of our insurance policies have been increasing and may, in the future, increase substantially. In some instances, some types of insurance may become available only for reduced amounts of coverage, if at all. In addition, our insurers could deny coverage for claims. If we were to incur a significant liability for which we were not fully insured or that our insurers disputed, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

We are in the early stages of implementing strategic initiatives related to the use of recycled materials. If we fail to implement these initiatives as expected, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our future financial performance depends in part on our management’s ability to successfully implement our strategic initiatives related to developing our recycling capabilities and other cost savings measures, with an aim to reduce our material costs, improve net manufacturing productivity and enhance our business operations. We are still in the early stages of material substitution across our manufacturing network and realizing the benefits of our investments in recycling. To achieve such benefits, we must recycle materials on a cost-effective basis and efficiently convert these materials into high-quality finished goods. This strategy involves significant risks, including the risks that:

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Our profitability may be materially diminished. The variability of our raw material sources can result in considerable reduction in our operating rates and yields, which may more than offset any savings we realize from the low purchase price of the materials.

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We may not produce a sustainable return on investment. Our plants must convert our raw materials at high rates and net yields to generate the profit margins and cash flows necessary to achieve sustainable returns.

Changes in trade policies, including the imposition of tariffs, could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The current U.S. administration has signaled support for, and in some instances has taken action with respect to, major changes to certain trade policies, such as the imposition of tariffs on imported products and the withdrawal from or renegotiation of certain trade agreements, including the North American Free Trade Agreement. For example, the United States has increased tariffs on certain imports from China, as well as on steel and aluminum products imported from various countries. We procure certain of the raw materials we use in the manufacturing of our products directly or indirectly from outside of the United States. The imposition of tariffs and other potential changes in U.S. trade policy could increase the cost or limit the availability of raw materials, which could hurt our competitive position and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in select non-U.S. markets and are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, as well anti-corruption laws and regulations in other countries, in addition to laws and regulations relating to export controls and economic sanctions. Violations of these laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to various U.S. and non-U.S. anti-corruption laws, including the FCPA, collectively, the Anti-Corruption Laws. These laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from engaging in bribery or making other improper payments of cash (or anything else of value) to government officials and other persons in order to obtain or retain business. Our business operations also must be conducted in compliance with applicable export control and economic sanctions laws and regulations, collectively, the Trade Controls, including rules administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the United Nations Security Council, and other relevant authorities.

We strive to conduct our business activities in compliance with applicable Anti-Corruption Laws and Trade Controls, and we are not aware of issues of historical noncompliance. However, full compliance cannot be guaranteed. Further expansion outside the United States would likely increase our future legal exposure. Violations of Anti-Corruption Laws or Trade Controls, or even allegations of such violations, could result in civil or criminal penalties, as well as disrupt our business, operations, financial condition and results of operations. Further, changes to the applicable laws and regulations, and/or significant business growth, may result in the need for increased compliance-related resources and costs.

Risks Relating to Our Indebtedness

Our substantial indebtedness could materially adversely affect our financial condition.

We have a significant amount of indebtedness. As of June 30, 2020, our total indebtedness was $506.6 million, including $467.1 million under the Term Loan Agreement and $44.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we borrowed $129.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, including, on March 16, 2020, $89.0 million to enhance our financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences to the holders of our Class A common stock, including the following:

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making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our other debt;

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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate requirements;

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requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows to debt service payments instead of other purposes, thereby reducing the amount of cash flows available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;

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increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

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exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as certain of our borrowings, including borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, are at variable rates of interest;

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limiting our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete;

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placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors; and

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increasing our cost of borrowing.

In addition, the credit agreements that govern the Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interest. Our failure to comply with those covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all our debt. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Indebtedness.”

The Term Loan Agreement will mature on May 5, 2024, and the Revolving Credit Facility will mature on March 9, 2022. We may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before the maturity thereof. We may not be able to obtain such financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Failure to refinance our indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on us.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful.

Our ability to make scheduled payments on or refinance our debt obligations depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to financial, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. We cannot be sure that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operating activities, or that future borrowings will be available, to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness.

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and could be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to dispose of material assets or operations, seek additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. We may not be able to effect any such alternative measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if successful, those alternative actions may not allow us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. The credit agreements that govern the Senior Secured Credit Facilities restrict our ability to dispose of assets and use the proceeds from those dispositions and may also restrict our ability to raise debt or equity capital to be used to repay other indebtedness when it becomes due. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions or to obtain proceeds in an amount sufficient to meet any debt service obligations then due. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness.”

Our inability to generate sufficient cash flows to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

If we cannot make scheduled payments on our debt, we will be in default, and the lenders under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities could terminate their commitments to loan money, the lenders could foreclose against the assets securing their borrowings and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. Any of these events could result in you losing all or a portion of your investment in the Class A common stock.

Despite our current level of indebtedness, we and our subsidiaries may still be able to incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks to our financial condition described herein.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur significant additional indebtedness in the future. Although the credit agreements that govern the Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and the additional indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. These restrictions also will not prevent us from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness. As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, we had commitments available for borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility of up to $150.0 million. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we borrowed $129.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, including, on March 16, 2020, $89.0 million to enhance our financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. We also have the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

Because our borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility depends, in part, on inventory, accounts receivable and other assets that fluctuate from time to time, the amount of commitments may not reflect actual borrowing capacity. In addition, the Term Loan Agreement provides for additional uncommitted incremental term loans of up to $150.0 million, with additional incremental term loans available if certain leverage ratios are maintained. All of those borrowings would be secured by first-priority liens on our property.

The terms of the credit agreements that govern the Senior Secured Credit Facilities restrict our current and future operations, including our ability to respond to changes or to take certain actions.

The credit agreements that govern the Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interest. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Indebtedness.” The restrictive covenants under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities include restrictions on our ability to:

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incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness;

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pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem our capital stock;

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prepay, redeem or repurchase junior debt;

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issue certain preferred stock or similar equity securities;

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make loans and investments;

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sell assets or property, except in certain circumstances;

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incur liens;

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enter into transactions with affiliates;

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modify or waive certain material agreements in a manner that is adverse in any material respect to the lenders;

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enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; and

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make fundamental changes in our business, corporate structure or capital structure, including, among other things, entering into mergers, acquisitions, consolidations and other business combinations or selling all or substantially all of our assets.

As a result of these restrictions, we may be:

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limited in how we conduct our business;

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unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to operate during general economic or business downturns; or

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unable to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities.

These restrictions may affect our ability to grow in accordance with our strategy. If we incur indebtedness provided or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, including pursuant to the CARES Act, we may be subject to additional restrictions on our operations, including limitations on employee headcount and compensation reductions and other cost reduction activities.

A breach of the covenants or restrictions under the credit agreements that govern the Senior Secured Credit Facilities could result in a default or an event of default. Such a default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In addition, an event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities would permit the lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility to terminate all commitments to extend further credit under such facility. Furthermore, if we were unable to repay the amounts due and payable under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, those lenders under each facility could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. In the event our lenders were to accelerate the repayment of our indebtedness, we and our subsidiaries may not have sufficient assets to repay that indebtedness. In exacerbated or prolonged circumstances, one or more of these events could result in our bankruptcy or liquidation.

We rely on available borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility for cash to operate our business, and the availability of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility may be subject to significant fluctuation.

In addition to cash we generate from our business, our principal existing source of cash is borrowings available under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, we had commitments available to be borrowed under the Revolving Credit Facility of up to $150.0 million. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we borrowed $129.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, including, on March 16, 2020, $89.0 million to enhance our financial flexibility in light of uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. We also have the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions. There are limitations on our ability to incur the full $150.0 million of existing commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. Availability will be limited to the lesser of a borrowing base and $150.0 million. The borrowing base is calculated on a monthly (or more frequent under certain circumstances) valuation of our inventory, accounts receivable and certain cash balances. As a result, our access to credit under the Revolving Credit Facility is potentially subject to significant fluctuation, depending on the value of the borrowing base-eligible assets as of any measurement date. On June 5, 2020, we entered into an Amendment, which established $8.5 million of commitments for FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility. The FILO Loans are available to be drawn in a single disbursement on or prior to December 31, 2020. The availability of the FILO Loans will be subject to satisfaction of certain conditions at the time of borrowing, including the value of borrowing-base eligible assets at the time of borrowing. Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility as amended by the Amendment, FILO Loans may be borrowed against increased percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets (as compared to the percentages of borrowing-base eligible assets applicable to all other loans under the Revolving Credit Facility). The Amendment did not increase the total aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. Borrowing of FILO Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will reduce the total aggregate commitments available for revolving loans for so long as the FILO Loans remain outstanding. If borrowed, the FILO Loans will mature on December 4, 2021. As of June 30, 2020, we have not drawn on the FILO loans. There is no assurance that we will be able to draw on the FILO Loans at any time. The inability to borrow under the Revolving Credit Facility may adversely affect our liquidity, financial position and results of operations.

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

Borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates were to increase, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, will correspondingly decrease. Based on amounts outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, each 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in a $5.1 million and $8.1 million change, respectively, in annual interest expense on our indebtedness under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness.” We do not currently hedge the risk of changes in the interest rate under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. In the future, we may

enter into interest rate swaps that involve the exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments or other instruments in order to reduce interest rate volatility. However, even if we do enter into interest rate swaps, we may not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to all of our variable rate indebtedness, and any swaps or other instruments we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk.

Uncertainty relating to the LIBOR calculation process and potential phasing out of LIBOR in the future may adversely affect our financing costs.

Currently, the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement utilize the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, or various alternative methods set forth in the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement to calculate interest on any borrowings. National and international regulators and law enforcement agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices known as “reference rates.” Actions by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined, their discontinuance or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, or the FCA, which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. Such announcement indicates that the continuation of LIBOR on the current basis cannot and will not be guaranteed after 2021. As a result, it appears highly likely that LIBOR will be discontinued or modified by 2021.

At this time, it is not possible to predict the effect that these developments, any discontinuance, modification or other reforms to LIBOR or any other reference rate, or the establishment of alternative reference rates may have on LIBOR, other benchmarks or LIBOR-based debt instruments. Uncertainty as to the nature of such potential discontinuance, modification, alternative reference rates or other reforms could cause the interest rate calculated for the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement to be materially different than expected, which could have a material adverse effect on our financing costs.

A lowering or withdrawal of the ratings assigned to our debt by rating agencies may increase our future borrowing costs and reduce our access to capital.

Our debt currently has a non-investment grade rating, and any rating assigned could be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if, in that rating agency’s judgment, future circumstances relating to the basis of the rating, such as adverse changes, so warrant. Any future lowering of our ratings likely would make it more difficult or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing.

Risks Relating to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

The market price of our Class A common stock may be volatile or may decline steeply or suddenly regardless of our operating performance, and we may not be able to meet investor or analyst expectations. You may not be able to resell your shares at or above the price you paid and may lose all or part of your investment.

If you purchase shares of Class A common stock, you may not be able to resell those shares at or above the price you paid. The market price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate or decline significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

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the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on us and the national and global economies;

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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our revenues or other operating results;

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variations between our actual operating results and the expectations of securities analysts, investors and the financial community;

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any forward-looking financial or operating information we may provide to the public or securities analysts, any changes in this information or our failure to meet expectations based on this information;

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actions of securities analysts who initiate or maintain coverage of us, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow us or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors;

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additional shares of Class A common stock being sold into the market by us or our pre-IPO stockholders, or the anticipation of such sales, including if pre-IPO stockholders sell shares into the market when the applicable “lock-up” periods end;

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announcements by us or our competitors of significant products or features, innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, capital commitments, divestitures or other dispositions;

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loss of relationships with significant distributors, dealers or other customers;

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changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of companies in our industry, including our competitors;

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increases in interest rates or changes in tax laws that make it more costly for consumers to finance home renovation or purchases;

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difficulties in integrating any new acquisitions we may make;

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loss of services from members of management or employees or difficulty in recruiting additional employees;

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continued worsening of economic conditions in the United States and reduction in demand for our products;

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price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market, including as a result of general economic trends;

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lawsuits threatened or filed against us, or events that negatively impact our reputation; and

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developments in new legislation and pending lawsuits or regulatory actions, including interim or final rulings by judicial or regulatory bodies.

In addition, extreme price and volume fluctuations in the stock markets have affected and continue to affect the stock prices of many companies. Often, their stock prices have fluctuated in ways unrelated or disproportionate to their operating performance. In the past, stockholders have filed securities class action litigation against companies following periods of market volatility. Such securities litigation, if instituted against us, could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business and seriously harm our business.

An active trading market for our Class A common stock may not be sustained.

Our Class A common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “AZEK”. However, we cannot be certain that an active trading market for our Class A common stock will be sustained on that exchange or elsewhere. Furthermore, we cannot be certain that we will continue to satisfy the continued listing standards of the NYSE. If we fail to satisfy the continued listing standards, we could be de-listed, which would have a material adverse effect on the liquidity and price of our Class A common stock.

Future sales of our Class A common stock and other actions by pre-IPO stockholders could cause our stock price to decline.

If our pre-IPO stockholders, including employees, who had equity prior to or obtained equity concurrently with the IPO, sell or indicate an intention to sell, substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public market, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline. The shares of Class A common stock sold in the IPO are freely tradable without restrictions or further registration under the Securities Act.

Subject to certain exceptions described in the Prospectus, we and substantially all of our pre-IPO stockholders have entered into agreements with the IPO underwriters under which we and they have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of any shares of common stock, any options or warrants to purchase any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive shares of common stock during the period from the date of the Prospectus continuing through the date 180 days after the date of the Prospectus.

When the lock up period in these agreements expires, we and our pre-IPO stockholders will be able to sell shares in the public market. In addition, Barclays Capital Inc. and BofA Securities, Inc., as representatives of the underwriters in the IPO, may, together in their sole discretion, release all or some portion of the shares subject to the lock up agreements prior to the expiration of the lock-up period. Sales of a substantial number of such shares, or the perception that such sales may occur, upon the expiration or early release of the securities subject to the lock up agreements could cause the price of our Class A common stock to decline or make it more difficult for you to sell your Class A common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate. In addition, the Sponsors (as defined in the Prospectus) have demand and “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to our common stock, which give them the right to require us to file registration statements for public resale of the shares of our common stock that they own or to include such shares in registration statements that we may file for us or other stockholders. See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” in the Prospectus for a discussion of the shares of our common stock that may be sold into the public market in the future, including our common stock held by the Sponsors.

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We currently do not intend to pay dividends on our Class A common stock, and our indebtedness could limit our ability to pay dividends on our Class A common stock.

We currently do not anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. In addition, the terms of our indebtedness limit our ability to pay dividends or make other distributions on, or to repurchase or redeem, shares of our capital stock. Consequently, your only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment in our company will be if the market price of our Class A common stock appreciates and you sell your shares at a profit. There is no guarantee that the price of our Class A common stock that will prevail in the market will ever exceed the price that you pay. We cannot be sure that we will pay dividends in the future or continue to pay dividends if we do commence paying dividends.

If securities or industry analysts either do not publish research about us or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about us, our business or our market, if they adversely change their recommendations regarding our Class A common stock, or if our operating results do not meet their expectations or any financial guidance we may provide, the trading price or trading volume of our Class A common stock could decline.

The trading market for our Class A common stock is influenced in part by the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts initiate research with an unfavorable rating or downgrade our Class A common stock, provide a more favorable recommendation regarding our competitors or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our Class A common stock price would likely decline. If one or more analysts who may cover us were to cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the trading price or trading volume of our Class A common stock to decline.

In addition, if we do not meet any financial guidance that we may provide to the public or if we do not meet expectations of securities analysts or investors, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline significantly. Our operating results may fluctuate significantly from period to period as a result of changes in a variety of factors affecting us or our industry, many of which are difficult to predict. As a result, we may experience challenges in forecasting our operating results for future periods.

Future issuances of our Class A common stock, including upon conversion of our Class B common stock, could result in significant dilution to our stockholders, dilute the voting power of our Class A common stock and depress the market price of our Class A common stock.

Future issuances of our Class A common stock could result in dilution to existing holders of our Class A common stock. Such issuances, or the perception that such issuances may occur, could depress the market price of our Class A common stock. We may issue additional equity securities from time to time, including equity securities that could have rights senior to those of our Class A common stock. As a result, purchasers of shares of Class A common stock bear the risk that future issuances of equity securities may reduce the value of their shares and dilute their ownership interests. Also, to the extent outstanding stock-based awards are issued or become vested, there will be further dilution to the holders of our Class A common stock.

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We have a dual-class capitalization structure, which may pose a particular risk of dilution to the holders of our Class A common stock. Each share of our Class B common stock, which is not entitled to vote for the election, removal and replacement of our directors, is convertible at any time at the option of the holder of the Class B common stock into one share of Class A common stock, which is entitled to vote for the election, removal and replacement of our directors. Accordingly, conversion of shares of our Class B common stock into shares of our Class A common stock would dilute holders of Class A common stock in terms of voting power in connection with the election, removal and replacement of our directors.

We are incurring and will continue to incur increased costs and will continue to devote substantial management time as a result of operating as a public company.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and are required to comply with the applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC and the NYSE, including the establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and changes in corporate governance practices. Operating as a public company and complying with these requirements has increased our legal and financial compliance and investor relations costs and is making some activities more time consuming and costly. In addition, we expect that our management and other personnel will need to continue to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to these public company requirements. In particular, we are incurring significant expenses and devoting substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which will increase when we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined by the JOBS Act. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur as a result of becoming a public company or the timing of those costs.

Public company reporting and disclosure obligations and a broader shareholder base as a result of our status as a public company may expose us to a greater risk of claims by shareholders, and we may experience threatened or actual litigation from time to time. If claims asserted in such litigation are successful, our business and operating results could be adversely affected, and, even if claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them and the diversion of management resources, could adversely affect our business and operating results.

We are an “emerging growth company” and are availing ourselves of reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies, which could make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act, and we are taking advantage of and may continue to take advantage of, for as long as five years following the completion of our IPO, certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. In addition, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay the adoption of certain new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies.

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We have elected to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, we are not and will continue not to be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies or that have opted out of using such extended transition period, which may make comparison of our financial statements with those of other public companies more difficult. We cannot predict if investors will find our Class A common stock less attractive because we are relying on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

Risks Relating to Our Organizational Structure

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, could make a merger, tender offer or proxy contest difficult, thereby depressing the trading price of our Class A common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could depress the trading price of our Class A common stock by acting to discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or changes in our management that our stockholders may deem advantageous. In particular, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws:

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establish a classified board of directors so that not all members are elected at one time, which could delay the ability of stockholders to change the membership of a majority of our board of directors;

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permit our board of directors to establish the number of directors and fill any vacancies (including vacancies resulting from an expansion in the size of our board of directors), except in the case of the vacancy of a Sponsor-designated director (in which case the Sponsor that designated the director will be able to fill the vacancy);

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establish limitations on the removal of directors;

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authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that our board of directors could use to implement a stockholder rights plan;

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provide that our board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter or repeal our bylaws;

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restrict the forum for certain litigation against us to Delaware;

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provide that stockholders may not act by written consent following the time when the Sponsors collectively cease to beneficially own at least a majority of the shares of our outstanding common stock, which time we refer to as the Trigger Date, which would require stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders;

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prohibit stockholders from calling special meetings following the Trigger Date, which would delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including with respect to the removal of directors; and

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establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at annual stockholder meetings, which may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder, generally a person, individually or together with any other interested stockholder, who owns or within the last three years has owned 15% of our voting stock, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. We have elected to opt out of Section 203 of the DGCL. However, our certificate of incorporation contains a provision that is of similar effect, except that it exempts from its scope the Sponsors, any of their affiliates and certain of their respective direct or indirect transferees.

Any provision of our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of Class A common stock and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our Class A common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for a wide range of disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if no state court located within the State of Delaware has jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) is the exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law:

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any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;

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any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director or officer or other employee to us or our stockholders;

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any action asserting a claim against us or any of our directors, officers or other employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws (as they may be amended from time to time);

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any action asserting a claim against us or any of our directors, officers or other employees governed by the internal-affairs doctrine;

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any action or proceeding to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws (including any right, obligation or remedy under our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws); and

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any action or proceeding as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware.

This provision does not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the U.S. federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the exclusive-forum provisions in our certificate of incorporation.

The exclusive-forum provisions also provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States will be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, subject to and contingent upon a final adjudication in the State of Delaware of the enforceability of such exclusive-forum provision. However, there is substantial uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce the exclusive-forum provisions relating to causes of action arising under the Securities Act. If a court were to find any of the exclusive-forum provisions in our certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could seriously harm our business.

These exclusive-forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

Our certificate of incorporation contains a provision renouncing our interest and expectancy in certain corporate opportunities.

Under our certificate of incorporation, neither of the Sponsors nor any of their respective portfolio companies, funds or other affiliates, nor any of their officers, directors, employees, agents, stockholders, members or partners currently have or will have any duty to refrain from engaging, directly or indirectly, in the same business activities, similar business activities, or lines of business in which we operate. In addition, our certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, no officer or director of ours who is also an officer, director, employee, agent, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate of either of the Sponsors is or will be liable to us or our stockholders for breach of any fiduciary duty by reason of the fact that any such individual directs a corporate opportunity to a Sponsor, instead of to us, or does not communicate information regarding a corporate opportunity to us that the officer, director, employee, agent, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate has directed to such Sponsor. For example, a director of our company who also serves as an officer, director, employee, agent, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate of one of the Sponsors, or any of their respective portfolio companies, funds, or other affiliates may pursue certain acquisitions or other opportunities that may be complementary to our business

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and, as a result, such acquisition or other opportunities may not be available to us. These potential conflicts of interest could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects if attractive corporate opportunities are allocated by either of the Sponsors to itself or themselves or their respective portfolio companies, funds or other affiliates instead of to us.

We are a holding company and rely on dividends, distributions, and other payments, advances and transfers of funds from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations.

We are a holding company that does not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, we are largely dependent upon cash distributions and other transfers from our direct and indirect subsidiaries to meet our obligations. The agreements governing the indebtedness of our subsidiaries impose restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or other distributions to us. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Holding Company Status.” Each of our subsidiaries is a distinct legal entity, and under certain circumstances legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from them and we may be limited in our ability to cause any future joint ventures to distribute their earnings to us. The deterioration of the earnings from, or other available assets of, our subsidiaries for any reason could impair their ability to make distributions to us.

We continue to be controlled by the Sponsors, and the Sponsors’ interests may conflict with our interests and the interests of other stockholders.

The Sponsors beneficially own a majority of our common stock. Pursuant to the stockholders agreement entered into by us and the Sponsors prior to the IPO, the Sponsors have the right to designate a number of individuals to be included in the slate of nominees for election to our board of directors equal to the greater of up to six directors and the number of directors comprising a majority of our board of directors for so long as the Sponsors collectively own 50% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Subject to certain exceptions, for so long as the Sponsors collectively own less than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, the Sponsors will have the right to designate that number of individuals to be included in the slate of nominees for election to our board of directors (rounded up to the nearest whole number or, if such rounding would cause the Sponsors to have the right to elect a majority of our board of directors, rounded to the nearest whole number) that is the same percentage of the total number of directors comprising our board as the collective percentage of common stock owned by the Sponsors. Because our board of directors is divided into three staggered classes, the Sponsors may be able to influence or control our affairs and policies even after they cease to own a majority of our outstanding Class A common stock during the period in which the Sponsors’ nominees finish their terms as members of our board, but in any event no longer than would be permitted under applicable law and the NYSE listing requirements. Therefore, for so long as the Sponsors continue to own 50% or more of our common stock, individuals affiliated with the Sponsors will have the power to elect a majority of our directors and will have effective control over the outcome of votes on all matters requiring approval by our board of directors or our stockholders regardless of whether other stockholders believe such matter is in our best interests.

In addition, the stockholders agreement provides that, for so long as the Sponsors collectively own at least 30% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, certain significant corporate actions require the prior written consent of each of the Sponsors, subject to certain exceptions. If either Sponsor owns less than 10% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, such action will not be subject to the approval of such Sponsor and the shares of common stock owned by such Sponsor will be excluded in calculating the 30% threshold.

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These actions include:

•

merging or consolidating with or into any other entity, or transferring all or substantially all of our assets, taken as a whole, to another entity, or undertaking any transaction that would constitute a “Change of Control” as defined in our debt agreements;

•

acquiring or disposing of assets, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, or entering into joint ventures, in each case with a value in excess of $75.0 million;

•

incurring indebtedness in a single transaction or a series of related transactions in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $100.0 million;

•

issuing our or our subsidiaries’ equity other than pursuant to an equity compensation plan approved by our stockholders or a majority of the directors designated by the Sponsors;

•

terminating the employment of our chief executive officer or hiring or designating a new chief executive officer;

•

entering into any transactions, agreements, arrangements or payments with either of the Sponsors or any other person who owns greater than or equal to 10% of our common stock then outstanding that are material or involve aggregate payments or receipts in excess of $500,000;

•

amending, modifying or waiving any provision of our organizational documents in a manner that adversely affects the Sponsors;

•

commencing any liquidation, dissolution or voluntary bankruptcy, administration, recapitalization or reorganization;

•

increasing or decreasing the size of our board of directors; and

•

entering into of any agreement to do any of the foregoing.

The interests of the Sponsors and their affiliates, including funds affiliated with the Sponsors, could conflict with or differ from our interests or the interests of our other stockholders. For example, the concentration of ownership held by the Sponsors could delay, defer or prevent a change in control of our company or impede a merger, takeover or other business combination which may otherwise be favorable for us. Additionally, the Sponsors and their affiliates are in the business of making investments in companies and may, from time to time, acquire and hold interests in or provide advice to businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us, or are suppliers or customers of ours. Any such investment may increase the potential for the conflicts of interest discussed in this risk factor. So long as the Sponsors continue to directly or indirectly own a significant amount of our equity, even if such amount is less than 50%, the Sponsors will continue to be able to substantially influence or effectively control our ability to enter into corporate transactions.

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We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE rules and, as a result, qualify for and are relying on exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.

Affiliates of the Sponsors control a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock, and as a result we are a controlled company within the meaning of the NYSE corporate governance standards. Under the NYSE rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by another person or group of persons acting together is a controlled company and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirements that:

•

a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors;

•

the nominating and corporate governance committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and

•

the compensation committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.

We are utilizing and intend to utilize these exemptions as long as we remain a controlled company. As a result, until we are no longer a controlled company, we may not have a majority of independent directors and our nominating and corporate governance committee and compensation committee may not consist entirely of independent directors. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.

Pursuant to Rule 10C-1 under the Exchange Act, the NYSE has adopted amendments to its listing standards that require, among other things, that:

•

compensation committees be composed of fully independent directors, as determined pursuant to new independence requirements;

•

compensation committees be explicitly charged with hiring and overseeing compensation consultants, legal counsel, and other committee advisors; and

•

compensation committees be required to consider, when engaging compensation consultants, legal counsel, or other advisors, certain independence factors, including factors that examine the relationship between the consultant or advisor’s employer and us.

As a controlled company, we are not and will continue not to be subject to these compensation committee independence requirements.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds

On June 11, 2020, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-236325) was declared effective by the SEC for our IPO. At the closing of the offering on June 16, 2020, we sold 38,237,500 shares of our Class A common stock, which included the exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase 4,987,500 additional shares, at an initial public offering price of $23.00 per share, which resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $819.4 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $50.6 million and estimated offering expenses of approximately $9.5 million. None of the expenses associated with the IPO were paid to directors, officers, persons owning ten percent or more of any class of equity securities, or to their associates, or to our affiliates. We used the net proceeds from the IPO to redeem $350.0 million in aggregate principal of our then-outstanding 2025 Senior Notes, $70.0 million of the then-outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility and effected a $337.7 million prepayment of the then-outstanding principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement. Barclays Capital Inc., BofA Securities, Inc., Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Jeffries LLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., RBC Capital Markets, LLC, B. Riley FBR, Inc., Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated, Stephens Inc., Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc. and William Blair & Company, LLC, acted as underwriters for the offering.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

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		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No.	Description	Form		Exhibit		Filing Date		File No.

3.1	Certificate of Incorporation of The AZEK Company Inc.*

3.2	Bylaws of The AZEK Company Inc.*

4.1	Stockholders Agreement, by and among The AZEK Company Inc. and the other parties named therein*

4.2	Registration Rights Agreement, by and among The AZEK Company Inc. and the other parties named therein*

10.1	Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2017, by and among CPG International LLC, Barclays Bank PLC, Bank of America, N.A. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as co-syndication agents, TD Bank, N.A. and The Huntington National Bank, as co-documentation agents, Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch as administrative and collateral agent and the lenders party thereto		S-1		10.1		02/07/2020		333-236325

10.2	First Amendment to Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2020, among CPG International LLC, CPG Newco LLC, the Lenders party thereto and Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent		S-1/A		10.45		06/08/2020		333-236325

10.3	Amended and Restated Term Loan Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2018, by and among CPG International LLC, Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative and collateral agent and the Lenders party thereto (included in Exhibit 10.4)		S-1		10.11		02/07/2020		333-236325

10.4	Incremental Amendment No. 1 to Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2018, by and among CPG Newco LLC, CPG International LLC, Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent, and the Lenders party thereto		S-1		10.12		02/07/2020		333-236325

10.5	Form of Indemnification Agreement		S-1		10.23		02/07/2020		333-236325

10.6	Employment Agreement, dated as of May 26, 2016, by and between CPG International LLC and Jesse Singh		S-1		10.24		02/07/2020		333-236325

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10.7	Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of May 26, 2016, by and between CPG International LLC and Jesse Singh	S-1	10.25	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.8	Employment Offer Letter, dated as of September 20, 2017, by and between CPG International LLC and Jonathan Skelly	S-1	10.27	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.9	Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2017, by and between CPG International LLC and Jonathan Skelly	S-1	10.28	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.10	Employment Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2018, by and between CPG International LLC and Ralph Nicoletti	S-1	10.29	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.11	The AZEK Company Inc. 2020 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan	S-1	10.34	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.12	Form of Restricted Stock Grant (Replacement Award for AOT Building Products, L.P. Profits Interests)	S-1	10.35	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.13	Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Grant (Option Award for AOT Building Products, L.P. Profits Interests)	S-1	10.36	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.14	Form of IPO Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement (Chair IPO Award)	S-1	10.37	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.15	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Non-Employee Directors	S-1	10.38	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.16	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement	S-1	10.39	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.17	Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement	S-1	10.40	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.18	Chairman IPO Award Letter Agreement, dated February 5, 2020, between CPG Newco LLC and Gary Hendrickson	S-1	10.41	02/07/2020	333-236325

10.19	Form of Special Bonus Agreement	S-1/A	10.42	05/29/2020	333-236325

10.20	Form of Amendment 1 to Special Bonus Agreement	S-1/A	10.43	05/29/2020	333-236325

10.21	Form of IPO Cash Award Agreement	S-1/A	10.44	05/29/2020	333-236325

31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer of The AZEK Company Inc., pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer of The AZEK Company Inc., pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer of The AZEK Company Inc., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*+

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32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer of The AZEK Company Inc., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*+

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document*

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*

*	Filed herewith

+	This certification is deemed furnished and not filed for purpose of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

112

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	The AZEK Company Inc.



Date: August 14, 2020	By:	/s/ Ralph Nicoletti
		Ralph Nicoletti Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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