BERRY GLOBAL GROUP, INC. - Annual Report: 2018 (Form 10-K)

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2018

Commission File Number 001-35672

BERRY GLOBAL GROUP, INC.

  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes No    

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  YesNo   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes   No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, or non-accelerated filer.  See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): 

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.    Yes   ☐   No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).     Yes No 

The aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates was approximately $7.2 billion as of March 31, 2018, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.  This amount excludes shares of the registrant's common stock held by current executive officers, directors, and affiliates whose ownership did not exceed 5% as of such date. The aggregate market value was computed using the $54.81 closing price per share for such stock on the New York Stock Exchange on such date. 

Portions of Berry Global Group, Inc.'s Proxy Statement for its 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-K includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to our financial condition, results of operations and business and our expectations or beliefs concerning future events.  The forward-looking statements include, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies and prospects under the heading "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations".  These statements contain words such as "believes," "expects," "may," "will," "should," "would," "could," "seeks," "approximately," "intends," "plans," "estimates," "outlook," "anticipates" or "looking forward" or similar expressions that relate to our strategy, plans, or intentions.  All statements we make relating to our estimated and projected earnings, margins, costs, expenditures, cash flows, growth rates and financial results or to our expectations regarding future industry trends are forward-looking statements.  In addition, we, through our senior management, from time to time make forward-looking public statements concerning our expected future operations and performance and other developments.  These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may change at any time, and, therefore, our actual results may differ materially from those that we expected.  We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions.  While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results.  All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to us on the date of this Form 10-K.

 

All forward-looking information and subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or to persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements.  Some of the factors that we believe could affect our results include:

 

	risks associated with our substantial indebtedness and debt service;

	changes in prices and availability of resin and other raw materials and our ability to pass on changes in raw material prices on a timely basis;

	performance of our business and future operating results;

	risks related to acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses;

	reliance on unpatented proprietary know-how and trade secrets;

	increases in the cost of compliance with laws and regulations, including environmental, safety, production and product laws and regulations;

	risks related to disruptions in the overall economy and the financial markets that may adversely impact our business;

	risks of catastrophic loss of one of our key manufacturing facilities, natural disasters, and other unplanned business interruptions;

·	risks related to market acceptance of our developing technologies and products;

·	general business and economic conditions, particularly an economic downturn;

·	ability of our insurance to fully cover potential exposures;

·	risks that our restructuring programs may entail greater implementation costs or result in lower savings than anticipated;

	risks of competition, including foreign competition, in our existing and future markets;

·	new legislation or new regulations and the Company's corresponding interpretations of either may affect our business and consolidated financial condition and results of operations; and

	the other factors discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors."

 

We caution readers that the foregoing list of important factors may not contain all of the material factors that are important to you.  In addition, in light of these risks and uncertainties, the matters referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K may not in fact occur.  Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on those statements.  We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 29, 2018

Item 1.

BUSINESS

(In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted)

 

General

 

Berry Global Group, Inc. ("Berry," "we," or the "Company") is a leading global supplier of a broad range of innovative non-woven, flexible, and rigid products used every day within consumer and industrial end markets.  In fiscal 2018, no single customer represented more than 4% of net sales and our top ten customers represented 20% of net sales.  We believe our manufacturing processes and our ability to leverage our scale to reduce expenses positions us as a low-cost manufacturer relative to our competitors.

Additional financial information about our business segments is provided in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements," which are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

  

Segment Overview

 

Engineered Materials

 

The Engineered Materials segment primarily includes the following product groups:

 

Stretch and Shrink Films.  We manufacture both hand and machine-wrap stretch films and custom shrink films, which are used to prepare products and packages for storage and shipping.  We sell stretch film products primarily through distribution and shrink film directly to a diverse mix of end users.

 

Converter Films.  We manufacture sealant and barrier films for various flexible packaging converters companies.  In addition, certain of our products are used for industrial applications, where converters use our films in finished products for various end market applications.

 

Institutional Can Liners.  We manufacture trash-can liners and food bags for offices, restaurants, schools, hospitals, hotels, municipalities, and manufacturing facilities.

Tape Products.  We manufacture cloth and foil tape products.  Other tape products include high-quality, high-performance liners of splicing and laminating tapes, flame-retardant tapes, flashing and seaming tapes, double-faced cloth, masking, mounting, OEM, and medical and specialty tapes.  Tape products are sold primarily through distributors and directly to end users for industrial, HVAC, building and construction, and retail market applications.

 

Food and Consumer Films.  We manufacture printed film products for the fresh bakery, tortilla, deli, and frozen vegetable markets.  We also manufacture barrier films used for cereal, cookie, cracker and dry mix packages that are sold directly to food manufacturers.

Retail Bags.  We manufacture a diversified portfolio of polyethylene based film products to end users in the retail markets.  Our products include drop cloths and retail trash bags.  These products are sold primarily through grocery, hardware stores and home centers, paint stores, and mass merchandisers outlets.

 

PVC Films.  We manufacture polyvinyl chloride ("PVC") films offering a broad array of PVC meat film.  Our products are used primarily to wrap fresh meats, poultry, and produce for supermarket applications.  In addition, we offer a line of boxed products for food service and retail sales.  We service many of the leading supermarket chains, club stores, and wholesalers.

Health, Hygiene & Specialties

 

The Health, Hygiene & Specialties segment primarily includes the following product groups:

 

Health Products.  We manufacture medical garment materials, surgical drapes, household cleaning wipes, and face masks. The key end markets and application for these products is infection prevention.

Hygiene Products.  We manufacture a broad collection of components for baby diapers and other absorbent hygiene products, elastic films and laminates, and substrates for dryer sheets. The primary end market for these products is personal care.

 

Specialties Products.  We manufacture a broad array of products and components of products for corrosion protection, cable wrap, geosynthetics, and specialty filtration products servicing the specialty industrial markets.

Consumer Packaging

 

The Consumer Packaging segment primarily consists of the following product groups:

 

Containers.  We manufacture a collection of containers for nationally branded and private label customers.  These products range in size from four ounces to five gallons and are offered in various styles with accompanying lids, bails and handles.  Containers and lids are available decorated with in-mold-labeling, indirect flexographic print, digital printing, direct print, and other decoration technologies.

 

Foodservice.  We manufacture lightweight polypropylene cups and lids for hot and cold beverages.  Utilizing thermoforming and injection-molding, we offer mono-material cup and lid packaging solutions for simplification in collections and compatibility with recycling systems.  Our markets include quick service restaurants, fast casual dining, food service delivery, convenience stores, stadiums, and retail stores.

 

Closures and Overcaps.  We manufacture child-resistant, continuous-thread, and tamper evident closures, as well as aerosol overcaps.  We sell our closures and overcaps into numerous end markets, including household chemical, healthcare, food and beverage, and personal care.

 

Bottles and Prescription Vials.  We manufacture bottles and prescription vials utilizing widely recyclable materials which service various spirits, food and beverage, vitamin and nutritional, and personal care markets.

 

Tubes.  We manufacture a complete line of extruded and laminate tubes in a wide variety of sizes and material blends including blends up to 70% post-consumer resin.  The majority of our tubes are sold in the personal care market, but we also sell our tubes in the pharmaceutical and household chemical markets.

 

Marketing, Sales, and Competition

 

We reach our large and diversified customer base through a direct sales force of dedicated professionals and the strategic use of distributors.  Our sales, production and support staff meet with customers to understand their needs and improve our product offerings and services.  Our scale enables us to dedicate certain sales and marketing efforts to particular products or customers, when applicable, which enables us to develop expertise that we believe is valued by our customers.  In addition, because we serve common customers across segments, we have the ability to efficiently utilize our sales and marketing resources to minimize costs.

 

The major markets in which the Company sells its products are highly competitive.  Areas of competition include service, innovation, quality, and price.  This competition is significant as to both the size and the number of competing firms.  Competitors include but are not limited to Silgan, Aptar, Reynolds, Intertape, 3M, Tredegar, Bemis, Avgol, and Fitesa.

  

Raw Materials

 

Our primary raw material is plastic resin.  In addition, we use other materials such as butyl rubber, adhesives, paper and packaging materials, linerboard, rayon, polyester fiber, and foil, in various manufacturing processes.  These raw materials are available from multiple sources and in general we purchase from a variety of global suppliers.  However, in certain regions we may source specific raw materials from a limited number of suppliers or on a sole-source basis.  While temporary shortages of raw materials can occur, we expect to continue to successfully manage raw material supplies without significant supply interruptions.

Employees

 

As of the end of fiscal year 2018, we employed approximately 24,000 employees with 18% of those employees being covered by collective bargaining agreements.  The collective bargaining agreements covering a majority of these employees expire annually and as a result, are due for renegotiation in fiscal 2019.  Our relations with employees under collective bargaining agreements remain satisfactory and there have been no significant work stoppages or other labor disputes during the past three years.

 

Patents, Trademarks and Other Intellectual Property

 

We customarily seek patent and trademark protection for our products and brands while seeking to protect our proprietary know-how.  While important to our business in the aggregate, sales of any one individually patented product are not considered material to any specific segment or the consolidated results.

 

Environmental Matters and Government Regulation

 

Our past and present operations and ownership of real property are subject to extensive and changing federal, state, local, and foreign environmental laws and regulations pertaining to the discharge of materials into the environment, handling and disposition of waste, and cleanup of contaminated soil and ground water, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations. However, we cannot predict with any certainty that we will not incur liability with respect to noncompliance with environmental laws and regulations, contamination of sites formerly or currently owned or operated by us (including contamination caused by prior owners and operators of such sites) or the off-site disposal of regulated materials, which could be material.

 

We may from time to time be required to conduct remediation of releases of regulated materials at our owned or operated facilities. None of our pending remediation projects are expected to result in material costs. Like any manufacturer, we are also subject to the possibility that we may receive notices of potential liability in connection with materials that were sent to third-party recycling, treatment, and/or disposal facilities under the Federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended ("CERCLA"), and comparable state statutes, which impose liability for investigation and remediation of contamination without regard to fault or the legality of the conduct that contributed to the contamination, and for damages to natural resources. Liability under CERCLA is retroactive, and, under certain circumstances, liability for the entire cost of a cleanup can be imposed on any responsible party. We are not aware that any such notices are currently pending which are expected to result in material costs.

The Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") regulates the material content of direct-contact food and drug packages, including certain packages we manufacture pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act.  Certain of our products are also regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission ("CPSC") pursuant to various federal laws, including the Consumer Product Safety Act and the Poison Prevention Packaging Act.  We believe that we use FDA approved resins and pigments in our products that directly contact food and drug products, and we believe our products are in material compliance with all applicable requirements.

  

The plastics industry, including us, is subject to existing and potential federal, state, local and foreign legislation designed to reduce solid waste by requiring, among other things, plastics to be degradable in landfills, minimum levels of recycled content, various recycling requirements, disposal fees, and limits on the use of plastic products. Certain jurisdictions require products packaged in plastic containers to comply with standards intended to encourage recycling and increased use of recycled materials. In addition, various consumer and special interest groups have lobbied from time to time for the implementation of these and other similar measures. We believe that the legislation promulgated to date and such initiatives to date have not had a material adverse effect on us.  There can be no assurance that any such future legislative or regulatory efforts or future initiatives would not have a material adverse effect on us.

 

Available Information

 

We make available, free of charge, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments, if any, to those reports through our internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been electronically filed with the SEC.  Our internet address is www.berryglobal.com.  The information contained on our website is not being incorporated herein.

 

 

Our substantial indebtedness could affect our ability to meet our obligations and may otherwise restrict our activities.

We have a significant amount of indebtedness, which requires significant interest payments.  Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms, would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences.  For example, it could:



limit our ability to borrow money for our working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements or other corporate purposes;



increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; and



limit our ability to respond to business opportunities, including growing our business through acquisitions.

In addition, the credit agreements and indentures governing our current indebtedness contain financial and other restrictive covenants. As a result of these covenants, we could be limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, prepay other indebtedness, incur additional indebtedness or liens, repurchase shares, pay dividends, or be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations.  Furthermore, a failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could result in significant losses.

 

Increases in resin prices or a shortage of available resin could harm our financial condition and results of operations.

 

To produce our products, we use large quantities of plastic resins.  Plastic resins are subject to price fluctuations, including those arising from supply shortages and changes in the prices of natural gas, crude oil and other petrochemical intermediates from which resins are produced.  Raw material inflation could materially affect our revenue and profitability in the short term as we attempt to pass through price increases to our customers and in the long term as our customers could seek alternative solutions. We may not be able to arrange for other sources of resin in the event of an industry-wide general shortage of resins used by us, or a shortage or discontinuation of certain types of grades of resin purchased from one or more of our suppliers.  Any such shortage may have a material adverse effect on our competitive position versus companies that are able to better or more cheaply source resin.

 

We may not be able to compete successfully and our customers may not continue to purchase our products.

 

We compete with multiple companies in each of our product lines on the basis of a number of considerations, including price, service, quality, product characteristics and the ability to supply products to customers in a timely manner.  Our products also compete with metal, glass, paper, cloth, and other materials.  Some of these competitive products are not subject to the impact of changes in resin prices, which may have a significant and negative impact on our competitive position versus substitute products.  Our competitors may have financial and other resources that are substantially greater than ours and may be better able than us to withstand higher costs.  Competition could result in our products losing market share or our having to reduce our prices, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  In addition, since we do not have long-term arrangements with many of our customers, these competitive factors could cause our customers to shift suppliers and/or packaging material quickly.  Our success depends, in part, on our ability to respond timely to customer and market changes.

 

We may pursue and execute acquisitions, which could adversely affect our business.

 

As part of our growth strategy, we consider acquisitions that either complement or expand our existing business and create economic value.  Acquisitions involve special risks, including the potential assumption of unanticipated liabilities and contingencies as well as difficulties in integrating acquired businesses creating substantial costs, delays or other problems that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.  Furthermore, we may not realize all of the synergies we expect to achieve from our current strategic initiatives due to a variety of risks.  If we are unable to achieve the benefits that we expect to achieve from our strategic initiatives, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, while we execute these acquisitions and related integration activities, it is possible that our attention may be diverted from our ongoing operations which may have a negative impact on our business.

 

Current and future environmental and other governmental requirements could adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to conduct our business.

While we have not been required historically to make significant capital expenditures in order to comply with applicable environmental laws and regulations, we cannot predict our future capital expenditure requirements because of continually changing compliance standards and environmental technology.  Furthermore, violations or contaminated sites that we do not know about (including contamination caused by prior owners and operators of such sites or newly discovered information) could result in additional compliance or remediation costs or other liabilities, which could be material.  In addition, federal, state, local, and foreign governments could enact laws or regulations concerning environmental matters that increase the cost of producing, or otherwise adversely affect the demand for, plastic products.  Legislation that would prohibit, tax or restrict the sale or use of certain types of plastic and other containers, and would require diversion of solid waste such as packaging materials from disposal in landfills, has been or may be introduced.  Although we believe that any such laws promulgated to date have not had a material adverse effect on us, there can be no assurance that future legislation or regulation would not have a material adverse effect on us.  Furthermore, a decline in consumer preference for plastic products due to environmental considerations could result in significant losses.

 

Both the FDA and the CPSC can require the manufacturer of defective products to repurchase or recall such products and may also impose fines or penalties on the manufacturer.  Similar laws exist in some states, cities and other countries in which we sell products.  In addition, certain jurisdictions restrict the sale of packaging with certain levels of heavy metals, imposing fines and penalties for noncompliance.  Although we believe our products are in material compliance with all applicable requirements, any fines and penalties imposed in connection with noncompliance or recall of any of our products could have a materially adverse effect on us.  See "Business—Environmental Matters and Government Regulation."

 

In the event of a catastrophic loss of one of our key manufacturing facilities, our business would be adversely affected.

 

While we manufacture our products in a large number of diversified facilities and maintain insurance covering our facilities, including business interruption insurance, a catastrophic loss of the use of all or a portion of one of our key manufacturing facilities due to accident, labor issues, weather conditions, natural disaster or otherwise, whether short or long-term, could result in significant losses.

 

We depend on information technology systems and infrastructure to operate our business, and cyber threats, system inadequacies, and failures could harm our business.

 

We rely on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of information technology systems and networks.  These systems and networks are potentially vulnerable to damage or interruption from a variety of sources, including cybersecurity, energy, or telecommunications failures, breakdowns, natural disasters, terrorism, war, computer malware or other malicious intrusions, and random attacks.  To date, system interruptions have been infrequent and have not had a material impact on the business.  However, there can be no assurance that these efforts will prevent future interruptions could result in significant losses.

 

Goodwill and other intangibles represent a significant amount of our net worth, and a future write-off could result in lower reported net income and a reduction of our net worth.

 

Future changes in market multiples, cost of capital, expected cash flows, or other factors may cause our goodwill to be impaired, resulting in a non-cash charge against results of operations to write off goodwill or indefinite lived intangible assets for the amount of impairment.  If a future write-off is required, the charge could result in significant losses.

  

Our international operations pose risks to our business that may not be present with our domestic operations.

 

Foreign operations are subject to certain risks that are unique to doing business in foreign countries. These risks include fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, inflation, economic or political instability, shipping delays in our products and receiving delays of raw materials, changes in applicable laws, including assessments of income and non-income related taxes, reduced protection of intellectual property, inability to readily repatriate cash to the U.S., and regulatory policies and various trade restrictions including potential changes to export taxes or countervailing and anti-dumping duties for exported products from these countries. Any of these risks could disrupt our business and result in significant losses. We are also subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-bribery laws that generally bar bribes or unreasonable gifts to foreign governments or officials. We have implemented safeguards and policies to discourage these practices by our employees and agents. However, our existing safeguards and policies to assure compliance and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective and our employees or agents may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible. If employees violate our policies, we may be subject to regulatory sanctions. Violations of these laws or regulations could result in sanctions including fines, debarment from export privileges and penalties and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We may not be successful in protecting our intellectual property rights, including our unpatented proprietary know-how and trade secrets, or in avoiding claims that we infringed on the intellectual property rights of others.

 

In addition to relying on patent and trademark rights, we rely on unpatented proprietary know-how and trade secrets, and employ various methods, including confidentiality agreements with employees and consultants, customers and suppliers to protect our know-how and trade secrets. However, these methods and our patents and trademarks may not afford complete protection and there can be no assurance that others will not independently develop the know-how and trade secrets or develop better production methods than us. Further, we may not be able to deter current and former employees, contractors and other parties from breaching agreements and misappropriating proprietary information and it is possible that third parties may copy or otherwise obtain and use our information and proprietary technology without authorization or otherwise infringe on our intellectual property rights. Furthermore, no assurance can be given that we will not be subject to claims asserting the infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties seeking damages, the payment of royalties or licensing fees and/or injunctions against the sale of our products. Any such litigation could be protracted and costly and could result in significant losses.

The final impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act could be materially different from our current estimates.

 

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act") was signed into law in December 2017. The new law made numerous changes to federal corporate tax law that we expect will significantly reduce our effective tax rate in future periods. The changes included in the Tax Act are broad and complex. The final transition impacts of the Tax Act may differ from our current estimates, possibly materially, due to, among other things, changes in interpretations of the Tax Act, any legislative action to address questions that arise because of the Tax Act, any changes in accounting standards for income taxes or related interpretations in response to the Tax Act, or any updates or changes to estimates the Company has utilized to calculate the transition impacts.

 

None.

 

Item 2.

PROPERTIES

 

Our primary manufacturing facilities by geographic area were as follows at September 29, 2018:

 

Item 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

Berry is party to various legal proceedings involving routine claims which are incidental to our business. Although our legal and financial liability with respect to such proceedings cannot be estimated with certainty, we believe that any ultimate liability would not be material to the business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

Not applicable.

PART II

 

Our common stock "BERY" is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. As of the date of this filing there were fewer than 500 active record holders of the common stock, but we estimate the number of beneficial stockholders to be much higher as a number of our shares are held by brokers or dealers for their customers in street name. During fiscal 2017 and 2018 we did not declare or pay any cash dividends on our common stock.

 

Share Repurchases

In August 2018, the Company announced a $500 million share repurchase program that has no expiration date and may be suspended at any time.  The following table summarizes the Company's repurchases of its common stock during the Quarterly Period ended September 29, 2018.

 

 

Item 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

 

Item 7.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Berry Global Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries and the accompanying notes thereto, which information is included elsewhere herein.  This discussion contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in the "Risk Factors" section.  Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.  Segment level discussion of the results is disclosed in a manner consistent with the organization structure at the end of the presented period.

The Company's fiscal year is based on fifty-two or fifty-three week periods.  Fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were fifty-two week periods and fiscal 2016 was a fifty-three week period. 

 

Overview

 

Berry Global Group, Inc. ("Berry," "we," or the "Company") is a leading global supplier of a broad range of innovative non-woven, flexible, and rigid products used every day within consumer and industrial end markets.  In fiscal 2018, no single customer represented more than 4% of net sales and our top ten customers represented 20% of net sales.  We believe our manufacturing processes and our ability to leverage our scale to reduce expenses positions us as a low-cost manufacturer relative to our competitors.

Executive Summary

 

Business.  The Company's operations are organized into three operating segments: Engineered Materials, Health, Hygiene & Specialties, and Consumer Packaging.  The structure is designed to align us with our customers, provide improved service, and drive future growth in a cost efficient manner.  The Engineered Materials segment primarily consists of tapes and adhesives, polyethylene based film products, can liners, printed films, and specialty coated, and laminated products.  The Health, Hygiene & Specialties segment primarily consists of nonwoven specialty materials and films used in hygiene, infection prevention, personal care, industrial, construction and filtration applications.  The Consumer Packaging segment primarily consists of containers, foodservice items, closures, overcaps, bottles, prescription containers, and tubes.

Raw Material Trends.  Our primary raw material is plastic resin.  Polypropylene and polyethylene account for approximately 90% of our plastic resin pounds purchased.  The three month simple average price per pound, as published by the American market indexes, were as follows:

 

 

Due to differences in the timing of passing through resin cost changes to our customers on escalator/de-escalator programs, segments are negatively impacted in the short term when plastic resin costs increase and are positively impacted in the short term when plastic resin costs decrease.  This timing lag in passing through raw material cost changes could affect our results as plastic resin costs fluctuate.

 

Outlook.  The Company is affected by general economic and industrial growth, plastic resin availability and affordability, and general industrial production.  Our business has both geographic and end-market diversity, which reduces the effect of any one of these factors on our overall performance.  Our results are affected by our ability to pass through raw material and other cost changes to our customers, improve manufacturing productivity and adapt to volume changes of our customers.  We believe there are long term growth opportunities within the health, pharmaceuticals, personal care and food packaging markets existing outside of North America, especially in Asia, where expected per capita consumption increases should result in organic market growth.  In addition, while we continue to believe that long term dynamics of the resin markets will be an advantage, we could have short-term headwinds in early fiscal 2019 as we continue to focus on pricing initiatives to fully recover the inflation we experienced in fiscal 2018.  For fiscal 2019, we project cash flow from operations and adjusted free cash flow of $1,036 million and $670 million, respectively.  The $670 million of adjusted free cash flow includes $350 million of capital spending and $16 million of payments under our tax receivable agreement.  Within our adjusted free cash flow guidance, we are also assuming cash taxes of $149 million, cash interest costs of $270 million, and other cash uses of $45 million related to changes in working capital and items such as acquisition integration expenses and costs to achieve synergies.  For the definition of Adjusted free cash flow and further information related to Adjusted free cash flow as a non-GAAP financial measure, see "Liquidity and Capital Resources."

Recent Acquisitions

 

Our acquisition strategy is focused on improving our long-term financial performance, enhancing our market positions, and expanding our existing and complementary product lines. We seek to obtain businesses for attractive post-synergy multiples, creating value for our stockholders from synergy realization, leveraging the acquired products across our customer base, creating new platforms for future growth, and assuming best practices from the businesses we acquire. The Company has included the expected benefits of acquisition integrations and restructuring plans within our unrealized synergies, which are in turn recognized in earnings after an acquisition has been fully integrated or the restructuring plan is completed. While the expected benefits on earnings is estimated at the commencement of each transaction, once the execution of the plan and integration occur, we are generally unable to accurately estimate or track what the ultimate effects have been due to system integrations and movements of activities to multiple facilities. As historical business combinations and restructuring plans have not allowed us to accurately separate realized synergies compared to what was initially identified, we measure the synergy realization based on the overall segment profitability post integration.

Laddawn, Inc.

In August 2018, the Company acquired Laddawn, Inc. ("Laddawn") for a purchase price of $242 million, which is preliminary and subject to adjustment.  Laddawn is a custom bag and film manufacturer with a unique-to-industry e-commerce sales platform.  Laddawn reported $145 million in net sales for the twelve months ended July 31, 2018, and will be operated in our Engineered Materials segment.  The Company expects to realize annual cost synergies of $5 million with realization in fiscal 2019.  To finance the purchase, the Company used existing liquidity.

Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc.

 

In February 2018, the Company acquired Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc. ("Clopay") for a purchase price of $475 million.  Clopay is an innovator in the development of printed breathable films, elastic films, and laminates with product offerings uniquely designed for applications used in a number of markets including: hygiene, healthcare, construction and industrial protective apparel.  The acquired business is operated in our Health, Hygiene & Specialties segment.  The Company expects to realize annual cost synergies of $40 million with full realization expected in fiscal 2019.  To finance the purchase, the Company issued $500 million aggregate principle amount of 4.5% second priority notes through a private placement offering.

Adchem Corp

In June 2017, the Company acquired Adchem Corp's ("Adchem") tapes business for a purchase price of $49 million.  Adchem is a leader in the development of high performance adhesive tape systems for the automotive, construction, electronics, graphic arts, medical and general tape markets.  The acquired business is operated in our Engineered Materials segment.  To finance the purchase, the Company used existing liquidity.

AEP Industries Inc.

In January 2017, the Company acquired AEP Industries Inc. ("AEP") for a purchase price of $791 million, net of cash acquired.  A portion of the purchase price consisted of issuing 6.4 million of Berry common shares which were valued at $324 million at the time of closing.  AEP manufactures and markets an extensive and diverse line of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride flexible plastic packaging products with consumer, industrial, and agricultural applications.  The acquired business is operated in our Engineered Materials segment.  To finance the purchase, the Company entered into an incremental assumption agreement to increase the commitments under the Company's existing term loan credit agreement by $500 million due 2024.  The Company estimates annual realized cost synergies of $80 million from the transaction.

  

Discussion of Results of Operations for Fiscal 2018 Compared to Fiscal 2017

Acquisition sales and operating income disclosed within this section represents the results from acquisitions for the current period.  Business integration expenses consist of restructuring and impairment charges, acquisition related costs, and other business optimization costs.  Tables present dollars in millions.

 

The net sales growth of $774 million is primarily attributed to acquisition net sales of $624 million, organic sales growth of $92 million, and a $58 million favorable impact from foreign currency changes.  The organic sales growth is primarily attributed to increased selling prices of $191 million due to the pass through of higher cost of goods sold, partially offset by a modest 1% volume decline.

 

The operating income increase of $29 million is primarily attributed to acquisition operating income of $62 million, a $46 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expense related to synergies and lower incentive compensation, a $26 million decrease in depreciation and amortization, and an $11 million favorable impact from foreign currency changes. These improvements were partially offset by a $96 million negative impact from under recovery of higher cost of goods sold, and a $12 million impact from the lower volumes.

 

 

Net sales in the Engineered Materials segment grew by $297 million primarily attributed to acquisition net sales of $319 million, partially offset by an organic sales decline of $29 million. The organic sales decline is primarily related to increased selling prices of $54 million, being more than offset by a 3% volume decline as a result of business rationalizations within legacy AEP locations.

 

The operating income increase of $52 million is primarily attributed to acquisition operating income of $40 million, an $18 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense, and an $8 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses.  These improvements were partially offset by an $11 million negative impact from the lower volumes.

 

Net sales in the Health, Hygiene & Specialties segment grew by $365 million primarily attributed to acquisition net sales of $305 million, a $52 million favorable impact from foreign currency changes, and organic sales growth of $9 million. The organic sales growth is primarily attributed to increased selling prices of $56 million due to the pass through of higher cost of goods sold, partially offset by a 2% volume decline.

The operating income decrease of $14 million is primarily attributed to a $53 million negative impact from under recovery of higher cost of goods sold, a $7 million impact from lower volumes, and a $12 million increase in business integration.  These decreases were partially offset by a $22 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses, acquisition operating income of $22 million from the Clopay acquisition, and a $10 million favorable impact from foreign currency changes.

 

Net sales in the Consumer Packaging segment grew by $112 million primarily attributed to organic sales growth.  The organic sales growth is primarily attributed to increased selling prices of $81 million due to the pass through of higher cost of goods sold and a 1% volume improvement.

 

The operating income decrease of $9 million is primarily attributed to a $40 million negative impact from under recovery of higher cost of goods sold, partially offset by a $16 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses, a $6 million favorable impact from the volume improvement, and a $6 million decrease in business integration expense.

 

 

The other expense increase of $11 million is primarily attributed to a year over year increase of $19 million in unfavorable foreign currency changes related to the remeasurement of non-operating intercompany balances, partially offset by an $8 million decrease in debt extinguishment expense related to fewer term loan modifications in 2018 compared to 2017.

 

The interest expense decrease of $10 million is primarily attributed to reduced interest rates resulting from the term loan modifications, partially offset by additional expenses attributed to the $500 million 4.5% second priority senior secured notes (see Note 3).

 

The income tax decrease of $128 million is primarily attributed to the $124 million provisional transition benefit recorded in fiscal 2018 as a result of the recent U.S. tax legislation (see Note 8). After the exclusion of the tax reform benefit, our effective tax rate was 22% and was positively impacted by 2% from the share-based compensation excess tax benefit, 2% from the release of foreign valuation allowances, 1% from research and development credits, and a 1% benefit from the domestic manufacturing deduction.  These favorable items were partially offset by increases of 3% from U.S. state taxes and other discrete items.

 

The $12 million decrease in comprehensive income is primarily attributed to a $161 million decrease in currency translation and a $35 million decrease in unrealized gains on the Company's pension plans, partially offset by a $156 million increase in net income and a $21 million favorable change in the fair value of interest rate hedges.  Currency translation gains are primarily related to non-U.S. subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar whereby assets and liabilities are translated from the respective functional currency into U.S. Dollars using period-end exchange rates.  The change in currency translation was primarily attributed to locations utilizing the Euro, Brazilian Real, and Canadian Dollar as their functional currency.  The change in unrealized gains on pension plans in the current period were primarily attributable to actuarial losses from an increase in the underlying discount rate.  As part of the overall risk management, the Company uses derivative instruments to reduce exposure to changes in interest rates attributed to the Company's floating-rate borrowings and records changes to the fair value of these instruments in Accumulated other comprehensive income.  The change in fair value of these instruments in fiscal 2018 versus fiscal 2017 is primarily attributed to a change in the forward interest curve between measurement dates.

 

Discussion of Results of Operations for Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016

Acquisition sales and operating income disclosed within this section represents the historical results from acquisitions for the comparable prior year period.  The remaining change disclosed represents the changes from the prior period on a combined basis.  Business integration expenses consist of restructuring and impairment charges, acquisition related costs, and other business optimization costs.  Tables present dollars in millions.

 

 

The net sales increase of $606 million is primarily attributed to acquisition net sales of $788 million and selling price increases of $60 million due to the pass through of higher resin prices, partially offset by a negative $136 million impact from a 2% base volume decline, $98 million from extra days in fiscal 2016, and a slight negative impact from foreign currency changes.

 

The operating income increase of $151 million is primarily attributed to acquisition operating income of $62 million, a $36 million decrease in integration and restructuring costs, a $35 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expense related to synergies and cost reductions, a $24 million improvement in our product mix and price/cost spread, a $16 million decrease in depreciation and amortization, and slight benefits from improved productivity in manufacturing and changes in foreign currency.  These improvements were partially offset by a $20 million impact from the base volume decline and $10 million from extra days in fiscal 2016.

 

Net sales in the Engineered Materials segment increased by $748 million primarily attributed to acquisition net sales of $788 million, and selling price increases of $67 million due to the pass through of higher resin prices, partially offset by a $79 million negative impact from base volume declines, and $30 million from extra days in fiscal 2016.  The base volume decline is primarily attributed to our decisions to rationalize certain lower margin products that we acquired from AEP in order to maximize earnings.

 

The operating income increase of $134 million is primarily attributed to acquisition operating income of $62 million, a $71 million improvement in our product mix and price/cost spread, a $13 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses, and slight benefits from improved productivity in manufacturing and changes in foreign currency, partially offset by a negative $8 million impact from lower base volumes, a $6 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense, and $4 million from extra days in fiscal 2016.

 

Net sales in the Health, Hygiene & Specialties segment decreased by $31 million primarily attributed to extra days in fiscal 2016 of $25 million, selling price decreases of $23 million, and a slightly negative impact from foreign currency changes, partially offset by a $26 million positive impact from base volume improvements.

The operating income increase of $20 million is primarily attributed to a $27 million decrease in business integration and restructuring costs associated with the Avintiv acquisition, a $13 million improvement in productivity in manufacturing, a $12 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense, a $5 million impact from base volumes, a $5 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses, and a slight benefit from changes in foreign currency. These improvements were partially offset by a $45 million decrease in our product mix and price/cost spread primarily related to inflation and market pressures within our South American business.

 

Net sales in the Consumer Packaging segment decreased by $111 million primarily attributed to an $83 million negative impact from base volumes and $43 million from extra days in fiscal 2016, partially offset by selling price increases of $15 million due to the pass through of higher resin prices.  The volume decline was primarily attributed to general market softness and our continued focus on volume, price, and mix in order to optimize earnings.

 

The operating income decrease of $3 million is primarily attributed to a base volume decline of $17 million, an $11 million negative impact from productivity in manufacturing, $5 million from extra days in fiscal 2016, and a slight decrease in our product mix and price/cost spread, partially offset by a $17 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses related to synergies from cost reductions, a $10 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense, and a $5 million decrease in business integration and restructuring expense.  

 

The other expense (income) increase of $32 million is primarily attributed to a $10 million non-cash defined benefit pension plan settlement, a $6 million charge related to a valuation adjustment to the tax receivable agreement in fiscal 2017, a year over year decline of $17 million in transactional foreign currency gains related to the remeasurement of non-operating intercompany balances, and a $6 million increase in debt extinguishment as a result of the 2017 term loan modifications.

 

 

The interest expense decrease of $22 million is primarily attributed to reduced interest rates resulting from the term loan modifications.

 

 

The income tax expense increase of $37 million is primarily attributed to improved income before income taxes.  Our effective tax rate was 24% in fiscal 2017.  Our fiscal 2017 effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to a 2% benefit from lower tax rates in foreign jurisdictions, a 2% benefit from the U.S. research and development credit, a 7% benefit from share based compensation related to excess tax benefit deductions, and a 1% benefit from the Section 199 deduction.  These favorable items were partially offset by an increase of 1% from the foreign valuation allowance.

The $213 million increase in comprehensive income is primarily attributed to a $104 million increase in net income, a $47 million increase due to unrealized gains on the Company's pension plans, net of tax, a $35 million increase in currency translation gains, and a $27 million favorable change in the fair value of interest rate hedges, net of tax.  Currency translation gains are primarily related to non-U.S. subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar whereby assets and liabilities are translated from the respective functional currency into U.S. Dollars using period-end exchange rates.  The change in currency translation gains were primarily attributed to locations utilizing the Euro, Pound Sterling, and Brazilian Real as their functional currency.  Unrealized gains on pension plans in the current period were primarily attributable to actuarial gains from an increase in the underlying discount rate.  As part of the overall risk management, the Company uses derivative instruments to reduce exposure to changes in interest rates attributed to the Company's floating-rate borrowings and records changes to the fair value of these instruments in Accumulated other comprehensive income.  The change in fair value of these instruments in fiscal 2017 versus fiscal 2016 is primarily attributed to a change in the forward interest curve between measurement dates.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

  

Senior Secured Credit Facility

 

We manage our global cash requirements considering (i) available funds among the many subsidiaries through which we conduct business, (ii) the geographic location of our liquidity needs, and (iii) the cost to access international cash balances.  We have a $750 million asset-based revolving line of credit that matures in May 2020.  At the end of fiscal 2018, the Company had no outstanding balance on the revolving credit facility.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants at the end of fiscal 2018 (see Note 3).

  

Contractual Obligations and Off Balance Sheet Transactions

 

Our contractual cash obligations at the end of fiscal 2018 are summarized in the following table which does not give any effect to taxes as we cannot reasonably estimate the timing of future cash outflows.

 

(a)	Includes anticipated interest of $14 million over the life of the capital leases.

(b)	Based on applicable interest rates in effect end of fiscal 2018.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $29 million from fiscal 2017 primarily attributed to the settlement of interest rate hedges, improved net income before depreciation, amortization and the net impact of the Tax Act.   

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $118 million from fiscal 2016 primarily attributed to improved net income before depreciation, amortization and other non-cash charges.

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities increased $261 million from fiscal 2017 primarily attributed to increased capital expenditures and higher acquisition spending compared to fiscal 2017.

 

Net cash used in investing activities decreased $1,805 million from fiscal 2016 primarily attributed to the Avintiv acquisition in fiscal 2016, partially offset by the AEP and Adchem acquisitions in fiscal 2017.

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

 

Net cash from financing activities increased $339 million from fiscal 2017 primarily attributed to lower repayments of long-term borrowings and a lower tax receivable agreement payment in fiscal 2018, partially offset by fiscal 2018 payments to repurchase common stock.

 

Net cash from financing activities decreased $2,043 million from fiscal 2016 primarily attributed to 2016 net borrowings related to the Avintiv acquisition and $78 million purchase of noncontrolling interest, partially offset by a higher tax receivable agreement payment in fiscal 2017.

Share Repurchases

The Company's share repurchases totaled $35 million in fiscal 2018.  The repurchases were completed using existing liquidity (see Note 12).

Adjusted Free Cash Flow

 

We define "Adjusted free cash flow" as cash flow from operating activities less net additions to property, plant and equipment and payments of the tax receivable agreement. Based on our definition, our consolidated adjusted free cash flow is summarized as follows:

Adjusted free cash flow, as presented in this document, is a supplemental financial measure that is not required by, or presented in accordance with, generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. ("GAAP").  Adjusted free cash flow is not a GAAP financial measure and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities or any other measure determined in accordance with GAAP.   We use Adjusted free cash flow as a measure of liquidity because it assists us in assessing our company's ability to fund its growth through its generation of cash, and believe it is useful to investors for such purpose. In addition, Adjusted free cash flow and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties in our industry to measure a company's liquidity.  Adjusted free cash flow may be calculated differently by other companies, including other companies in our industry, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

Liquidity Outlook

  

At the end of fiscal 2018, our cash balance was $381 million, of which approximately 64% was located outside the U.S.  The Company has deemed cash located outside the U.S. to be indefinitely reinvested and will use for future international expansion.  We believe our existing U.S. based cash and cash flow from U.S. operations, together with available borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities, will be adequate to meet our liquidity needs over the next twelve months.  We do not expect our free cash flow to be sufficient to cover all long-term debt obligations and intend to refinance these obligations prior to maturity.  

In addition to projecting continued strong cash flow from operations and adjusted free cash flows, based on current market conditions we anticipate continuing to repurchase our shares in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

We disclose those accounting policies that we consider to be significant in determining the amounts to be utilized for communicating our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows in the first note to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein.  Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with these principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.  Our estimates and judgments are based on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

Accrued Rebates.  We offer various rebates to our customers in exchange for their purchases.  These rebate programs are individually negotiated with our customers and contain a variety of different terms and conditions.  Certain rebates are calculated as flat percentages of purchases, while others include tiered volume incentives.  These rebates may be payable monthly, quarterly, or annually.  The calculation of the accrued rebate balance involves management estimates, especially where the terms of the rebate involve tiered volume levels that require estimates of expected annual sales.  These provisions are based on estimates derived from current program requirements and historical experience.  We use all available information when calculating these reserves.  Our accrual for customer rebates was $58 million and $58 million as of the end of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets.  We evaluate goodwill using a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit is less that the carrying amount.  If we determine that the fair value of the reporting unit may be less than its carrying amount, we evaluate the goodwill of that reporting unit using the one-step impairment test.  Otherwise, we conclude that no impairment is indicated and no further impairment test is performed.

For purposes of conducting our evaluation, we have seven reporting units, Health, Hygiene & Specialties ("HHS") – North America ("NA"), HHS – South America ("SA"), HHS – Europe ("EU"), HHS – Asia ("AS"), Consumer Packaging, Engineered Materials, and Tapes.  We determined that each of the components within our respective reporting units should be aggregated and tested at the respective level as one reporting unit.  We reached this conclusion, because within each of our reporting units we have similar products, production processes, markets served, geographic region, and/or management oversight which allows us to share assets and resources across the components.  We regularly re-align our production equipment and manufacturing facilities in order to take advantage of cost savings opportunities, obtain synergies and create manufacturing efficiencies.  We utilize our research and development centers, design center, tool shops, and graphics center which all provide benefits to each of the reporting units and work on new products that can benefit multiple components.  We also believe that the goodwill is recoverable from the overall operations of the unit given the synergies from leveraging the combined resources, common raw materials, common research and development, similar margins, management oversight and similar distribution methodologies.  

In conducting a qualitative assessment, we analyze a variety of events or factors that may influence the fair value of the reporting unit, including, but not limited to the results of prior quantitative tests performed; changes in the carrying amount of the reporting unit; operating results; relevant market data for both the Company and its peer companies; industry outlooks; macroeconomic conditions; liquidity; changes in key personnel; and our competitive position.  Significant judgment is used to evaluate the totality of these events and factors to make the determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value.

We completed our qualitative screen as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of our reporting units, with the exception of HHS-SA, was greater than the carrying value.  We reached this conclusion based on strong valuations within the packaging industry and operating results of our reporting units.

Based on continued macroeconomic pressures in South America, we concluded that step one was necessary for our HHS-SA reporting unit.  The reporting unit's fair value is estimated based on a market approach and a discounted cash flow analysis and is reconciled back to the current market capitalization for Berry to ensure that the implied control premium is reasonable.  Our forecasts included overall revenue growth of 2% increasing to 4% in the terminal year, margins consistent with historical results, a discount rate of 14% applied to the forecasted cash flows, and capital expenditure levels consistent with historical spend.  The fair value of the HHS-SA reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by 11% and thus no impairment was recorded.  However, future declines in valuation market multiples, sustained lower earnings, or macroeconomic challenges could impact future impairment tests or may require a more frequent assessment.

The Company's fair value, carrying value, and goodwill balance for the HHS-SA reporting unit subject to step one of the annual goodwill impairment test for fiscal 2018 is as follows: 

We also performed our annual impairment test for fiscal 2018 of our indefinite lived intangible assets, which relates to the "Berry Global," "Reemay," "Typar," and "Chicopee" trade names.  We performed a qualitative screen for the Berry Global tradename, which totaled $207 million at September 29, 2018 and a quantitative assessment for the recently acquired Avintiv tradenames that were valued on October 1, 2015 when acquired.  The fair value is estimated based on the income approach using the revenue streams associated with each trade name. Our forecasted revenue growth for the Berry Global trade name ranged from 0-3% through and including the terminal year.  In conducting our qualitative screen, we did not observe any changes in our long-term forecasted revenue growth for the Reemay and Typar trade names which ranged from 3-4%, and for the Chicopee trade name which was 1%.  Future declines in revenue or operating performance could impact future impairment tests and our ability to recover the fair value of our indefinite lived tradenames.

 

Deferred Taxes and Effective Tax Rates.  We estimate the effective tax rate ("ETR") and associated liabilities or assets for each of our legal entities of ours in accordance with authoritative guidance.  We use tax planning to minimize or defer tax liabilities to future periods.  In recording ETRs and related liabilities and assets, we rely upon estimates, which are based upon our interpretation of U.S. and local tax laws as they apply to our legal entities and our overall tax structure.  Audits by local tax jurisdictions, including the U.S. Government, could yield different interpretations from our own and cause the Company to owe more taxes than originally recorded.  For interim periods, we accrue our tax provision at the ETR that we expect for the full year.  As the actual results from our various businesses vary from our estimates earlier in the year, we adjust the succeeding interim periods' ETRs to reflect our best estimate for the year-to-date results and for the full year.  As part of the ETR, if we determine that a deferred tax asset arising from temporary differences is not likely to be utilized, we will establish a valuation allowance against that asset to record it at its expected realizable value.  In multiple foreign jurisdictions, the Company believes that it will not generate sufficient future taxable income to realize the related tax benefits.  The Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its foreign net operating losses included within the deferred tax assets in multiple foreign jurisdictions.  The Company has not provided a valuation allowance on its federal net operating losses in the U.S. because it has determined that future reversals of its temporary taxable differences will occur in the same periods and are of the same nature as the temporary differences giving rise to the deferred tax assets.  Changes in our valuation allowance could also impact our tax receivable agreement obligation.  Our valuation allowance against deferred tax assets was $93 million as of the fiscal years ended 2018 and 2017.

 

Based on a critical assessment of our accounting policies and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, we believe that our consolidated financial statements provide a meaningful and fair perspective of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries.  This is not to suggest that other risk factors such as changes in economic conditions, changes in material costs, our ability to pass through changes in material costs, and others could not materially adversely impact our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows in future periods.

 

 

 

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates primarily through our senior secured credit facilities.  At September 29, 2018, our senior secured credit facilities are comprised of $3.7 billion in term loans and a $750 million revolving credit facility with no borrowings outstanding.  The borrowings under the senior secured credit facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus LIBOR.  The applicable margin for LIBOR rate borrowings under the revolving credit facility ranges from 1.25% to 1.75%, and the margin for the term loans range from 1.75% to 2.00% per annum.  At September 29, 2018, the LIBOR rate of approximately 2.23% was applicable to the term loans.  A 0.25% change in LIBOR would increase our annual interest expense by $6 million on variable rate term loans.

We seek to minimize interest rate volatility risk through regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. These financial instruments are not used for trading or other speculative purposes.  As of year-end, the Company effectively had (i) a $450 million interest rate swap transaction that swaps a one-month variable LIBOR contract for a fixed annual rate of 2.000%, with an effective date in May 2017 and expiration in May 2022 and (ii) a $1 billion interest rate swap transaction that swaps a one-month variable LIBOR contract for a fixed annual rate of 2.808% with an effective date in June 2018 and expiration in September 2021.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rates

 

As a global company, we face foreign currency risk exposure from fluctuating currency exchange rates, primarily the U.S. dollar against the euro, Brazilian real, Argentine peso, Chinese renminbi, Canadian dollar and Mexican peso.  Significant fluctuations in currency exchange rates can have a substantial impact, either positive or negative, on our revenue, cost of sales, and operating expenses.  Currency translation gains and losses are primarily related to non-U.S. subsidiaries with a functional currency other than U.S. dollars whereby assets and liabilities are translated from the respective functional currency into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates and impact our Comprehensive income.  A 10% decline in foreign currency exchange rates would have a negative $6 million impact on our Net income.

In November 2017, we entered into certain cross-currency swap agreements with a notional amount of 250 million euro to effectively convert a portion of our fixed-rate USD denominated term loans, including the monthly interest payments, to fixed-rate euro denominated debt.  The swap agreements mature May 2022.  The risk management objective is to manage foreign currency risk relating to net investments in certain European subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies and reduce the variability in the functional currency cash flows of a portion of our term loans.  In the future, we may attempt to manage our foreign currency risk on our anticipated cash movements by entering into foreign currency forward contracts to offset potential foreign exchange gains or losses.

Item 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

Index to Financial Statements

 

 

Index to Financial Statement Schedules

 

All schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or not required or because the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

 

Item 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

None.

 

Item 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.

 

We maintain "disclosure controls and procedures," as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.

In connection with the preparation of this Form 10-K, management evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 29, 2018.  Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 29, 2018.

 

Management's Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projection of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013 Framework). The Company acquired Clopay and Laddawn during fiscal 2018, and management has excluded Clopay and Laddawn's internal control over financial reporting from our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control as of September 29, 2018.  Clopay and Laddawn represent approximately 8% and 6% of total and net assets, respectively, as of September 29, 2018 and 4% and 2% of net sales and net income, respectively, for the year then ended.

Based on this assessment, management concluded that as of September 29, 2018, the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective.  The Company's independent registered public accounting firm provided an attestation report on the Company's internal controls over financial reporting, which appears on page 24 of this Form 10-K.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

 

The Company is in the process of implementing our standardized control procedures within Clopay and Laddawn and expects this to be completed during fiscal 2019.

There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 29, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

PART III

 

Except as set forth below, the information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Code of Ethics

 

We have a Code of Business Ethics that applies to all directors and employees, including our Chief Executive Officer and senior financial officers.  These standards are designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote the highest ethical, moral, and legal conduct of all employees. We also have adopted a Supplemental Code of Ethics, which is in addition to the standards set by our Code of Business Ethics, in order to establish a higher level of expectation for the most senior leaders of the Company.  The Supplemental Code of Ethics sets the expectations as to how our senior leaders conduct themselves in dealings with the Company, customers, suppliers and coworkers and it further defines our commitment to compliance with the Company's policies, procedures and government regulations. Our Code of Business Ethics and Supplemental Code of Ethics can be obtained, free of charge, by contacting our corporate headquarters or can be obtained from the Corporate Governance section of the Investors page on the Company's internet site.

 

Item 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Item 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

The information required by this Item, is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Item 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Item 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

PART IV

 

Item 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

1.

Financial Statements

 

The financial statements listed under Item 8 are filed as part of this report.

 

2.

Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information has been disclosed in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

3.

Exhibits

 

The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page of this annual report are filed as part of this report.

Item 16.

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Berry Global Group, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Berry Global Group, Inc. (the Company) as of September 29, 2018, and September 30, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 29, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in material respects, the financial position of Berry Global Group, Inc. at September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 29, 2018, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the "PCAOB"), Berry Global Group, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of September 29, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated November 16, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

We have served as Berry Global Group, Inc.'s auditor since 1991.

Indianapolis, Indiana

November 16, 2018

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Berry Global Group, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Berry Global Group Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of September 29, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission "(2013 framework)" (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Berry Global Group, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 29, 2018, based on the COSO criteria.

As indicated in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting, management's assessment and conclusion of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc. and Laddawn, Inc., which are included in the 2018 consolidated financial statements of the Company and constituted 8% and 6% of total and net assets, respectively, as of September 29, 2018 and 4% and 2% of net sales and net income, respectively, for the year then ended.  Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Clopay and Laddawn.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the "PCAOB"), the consolidated balance sheets of Berry Global Group, Inc. as of September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 29, 2018, and the related notes and our report dated November 16, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

Indianapolis, Indiana

November 16, 2018

Berry Global Group, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income

(in millions of dollars)

Berry Global Group, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(in millions of dollars)

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

Berry Global Group, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in millions of dollars)

  

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

Berry Global Group, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(in millions of dollars)

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Berry Global Group, Inc.

   Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in millions of dollars)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Berry Global Group, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(in millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted)

 

1.  Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Background

 

Berry Global Group, Inc. ("Berry," "we," or the "Company") is a leading global supplier of a broad range of innovative non-woven, flexible, and rigid products used every day within consumer and industrial end markets.  

Basis of Presentation

 

Periods presented in these financial statements include fiscal periods ending September 29, 2018 ("fiscal 2018"), September 30, 2017 ("fiscal 2017"), and October 1, 2016 ("fiscal 2016").  The Company has recast certain prior period amounts to conform to current reporting.  The Company's customers are located principally throughout the U.S., without significant concentration with any one customer.  The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers' financial condition and generally does not require collateral.  Fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were fifty-two week periods, and fiscal 2016 was a fifty-three week period.  The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued.

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Berry and its subsidiaries, all of which includes our wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  Where our ownership of consolidated subsidiaries is less than 100% the non-controlling interests are reflected in Non-controlling interest.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue from the sales of products is recognized at the time title and risks and rewards of ownership pass to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the sales price is fixed and determinable and collection is reasonably assured.  Provisions for certain rebates, sales incentives, trade promotions, coupons, product returns and discounts to customers are accounted for as reductions in gross sales to arrive at net sales.  In accordance with the Revenue Recognition standards of the Accounting Standards Codification ("Codification" or "ASC"), the Company provides for these items as reductions of revenue at the later of the date of the sale or the date the incentive is offered.  These provisions are based on estimates derived from current program requirements and historical experience.

 

Shipping, handling, purchasing, receiving, inspecting, warehousing, and other costs of distribution are presented in Cost of goods sold in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  The Company classifies amounts charged to its customers for shipping and handling in Net sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

Purchases of Raw Materials and Concentration of Risk

 

The Company's most significant raw material used in the production of its products is plastic resin.  The largest supplier of the Company's total resin material requirements represented approximately 16% of purchases in fiscal 2018.  The Company uses a variety of suppliers to meet its resin requirements.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development costs are expensed when incurred.  The Company incurred research and development expenditures of $45 million, $45 million, and $48 million in fiscal 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option valuation model for estimating the fair value of stock options and amortizes the estimated fair value on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.  The share-based compensation plan is more fully described in Note 12.

 

Foreign Currency

 

For the non-U.S. subsidiaries that account in a functional currency other than U.S. Dollars, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. Dollars using period-end exchange rates.  Sales and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates in effect during the period.  Foreign currency translation gains and losses are included as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders' equity.  Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

All highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less from the time of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

The Company's accounts receivable and related allowance for doubtful accounts are analyzed in detail on a quarterly basis and all significant customers with delinquent balances are reviewed to determine future collectability.  The determinations are based on legal issues (such as bankruptcy status), past history, current financial and credit agency reports, and the experience of the credit representatives.  Reserves are established in the quarter in which the Company makes the determination that the account is deemed uncollectible.  The Company maintains additional reserves based on its historical bad debt experience.  The following table summarizes the activity for fiscal years ended for the allowance for doubtful accounts:

 

Accounts Receivable Factoring Agreements

The Company has entered into various factoring agreements, both in the U.S. and at a number of foreign subsidiaries, to sell certain receivables to unrelated third-party financial institutions. The Company accounts for these transactions in accordance with ASC 860, "Transfers and Servicing" ("ASC 860").  ASC 860 allows for the ownership transfer of accounts receivable to qualify for sale treatment when the appropriate criteria is met, which permits the Company to present the balances sold under the program to be excluded from Accounts receivable, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Receivables are considered sold when (i) they are transferred beyond the reach of the Company and its creditors, (ii) the purchaser has the right to pledge or exchange the receivables, and (iii) the Company has surrendered control over the transferred receivables.  In addition, the Company provides no other forms of continued financial support to the purchaser of the receivables once the receivables are sold.

There were no amounts outstanding from financial institutions related to U.S. based programs at September 29, 2018 or September 30, 2017.  Gross amounts factored under these U.S. based programs at September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017 were $162 million and $129 million, respectively.  The fees associated with transfer of receivables for all programs were not material for any of the periods presented.

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market and are valued using the first-in, first-out method.  Management periodically reviews inventory balances, using recent and future expected sales to identify slow-moving and/or obsolete items. The cost of spare parts is charged to cost of goods sold when purchased.  We evaluate our reserve for inventory obsolescence on a quarterly basis and review inventory on-hand to determine future salability.  We base our determinations on the age of the inventory and the experience of our personnel.  We reserve inventory that we deem to be not salable in the quarter in which we make the determination.  We believe, based on past history and our policies and procedures, that our net inventory is salable.  Inventory as of fiscal 2018 and 2017 was:

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost.  Depreciation is computed primarily by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from 15 to 40 years for buildings and improvements, 2 to 20 years for machinery, equipment, and tooling, and over the term of the agreement for capital leases.  Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life of the improvement or the lease term.  Repairs and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred.  The Company capitalized interest of $9 million, $7 million, and $6 million in fiscal 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.  Property, plant and equipment as of fiscal 2018 and 2017 was:

 

Long-lived Assets

 

Long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and definite lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360, "Property, Plant and Equipment," whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.  Specifically, this process involves comparing an asset's carrying value to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows the asset is expected to generate over its remaining life.  If this process were to result in the conclusion that the carrying value of a long-lived asset would not be recoverable, a write-down of the asset to fair value would be recorded through a charge to operations.  Fair value is determined based upon discounted cash flows or appraisals as appropriate.  Long-lived assets that are held for sale are reported at the lower of the assets' carrying amount or fair value less costs related to the assets' disposition.  We recorded impairment charges totaling $2 million and $3 million to property, plant and equipment assets to their net realizable valuables in connection with facility shutdowns during fiscal years 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Impairment charges are recorded in Other expense (income), net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  There were no impairments in fiscal 2018.

 

Goodwill

 

The Company follows the principles provided by ASC 350, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other."  Goodwill is not amortized but rather reviewed annually for impairment.  The Company performed its annual impairment evaluation on the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter.  For purposes of conducting our annual goodwill impairment test, the Company determined that we have seven reporting units, Health, Hygiene & Specialties ("HHS") – North America ("NA"), HHS – South America ("SA"), HHS – Europe ("EU"), HHS – Asia ("AS"), Consumer Packaging, Engineered Materials, and Tapes.  We determined that each of the components within our respective reporting units should be aggregated for our Consumer Packaging, Engineered Materials and Tapes reporting units.  We reached this conclusion because within each of these three reporting units, we have similar products, management oversight, production processes, markets served, and/or common geographic region which allow us to share resources across the product lines.  We regularly re-align our production equipment and manufacturing facilities in order to take advantage of cost savings opportunities, obtain synergies and create manufacturing efficiencies.  In addition, we utilize our research and development centers, design center, tool shops, and graphics center which all provide benefits to each of the reporting units and work on new products that can benefit multiple product lines.  We also believe that the goodwill is recoverable from the overall operations of the unit given our synergies from leveraging the combined resources, common raw materials, common research and development, similar margins and similar distribution methodologies.  In our HHS segment, we operate in four geographical regions where our management teams for each geography oversee the operations and allocate the resources across the entire region.  In fiscal year 2018, the Company applied the qualitative assessment and concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded the carrying amount except for the HHS-SA reporting unit due to continued macroeconomic pressures in South America.  The Company completed step one in fiscal 2018, which concluded the fair value of the HHS-SA reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by 11% and thus no impairment was recorded.  However, future declines in valuation market multiples, sustained lower earnings, or macroeconomic challenges could impact future impairment tests.  In fiscal year 2017, the Company applied the qualitative assessment and concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded the carrying amount except for the HHS-SA and HHS-AS reporting units due to prior year quantitative tests performed and macroeconomic pressures in South America.  The Company completed step one in fiscal 2017, which concluded the fair value of the HHS-SA and HHS-AS reporting units exceeded their carrying value by 9% and 49%, respectively, and thus no impairment was recorded.  In fiscal year 2016, due to the segment realignment, the Company opted to perform a step one quantitative evaluation in accordance with ASC 350 to establish a baseline for the fair value of each reporting unit.  The Company utilizes a combination of the discounted cash flow analysis and comparable company valuation methods to determine the fair values of its reporting units in accordance with ASC 820.  The Company determined that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount.  The Company has recognized cumulative goodwill impairment charges of $165 million, which occurred in fiscal 2011.

 

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment are as follows: 

 

Deferred Financing Fees

 

Deferred financing fees are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the lives of the respective debt agreements.  Pursuant to ASC 835-30 the Company presents $43 million of debt issuance and deferred financing costs on the balance sheet as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability instead of a deferred charge.

Intangible Assets

 

Customer relationships are being amortized using an accelerated amortization method which corresponds with the customer attrition rates used in the initial valuation of the intangibles over the estimated life of the relationships which range from 5 to 15 years. Definite lived trademarks are being amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated life of the asset which is not more than 15 years.  Other intangibles, which include technology and licenses, are being amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated life of the asset which ranges from 5 to 14 years.  The Company evaluates the remaining useful life of intangible assets on a periodic basis to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining useful life.  Certain trademarks that are expected to remain in use, which are indefinite lived intangible assets, are required to be reviewed for impairment annually.  The Company has trademarks that total approximately $248 million that are indefinite lived and we test annually for impairment on the first day of the fourth quarter.  We completed the annual impairment test of our indefinite lived trade names utilizing the relief from royalty method and noted no impairment in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016.

 

 

Insurable Liabilities

 

The Company records liabilities for the self-insured portion of workers' compensation, health, product, general and auto liabilities.  The determination of these liabilities and related expenses is dependent on claims experience.  For most of these liabilities, claims incurred but not yet reported are estimated based upon historical claims experience.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequence of events that have been recognized in the Company's financial statements or income tax returns.  Income taxes are recognized during the period in which the underlying transactions are recorded.  Deferred taxes, with the exception of non-deductible goodwill, are provided for temporary differences between amounts of assets and liabilities as recorded for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured by tax laws.  If the Company determines that a deferred tax asset arising from temporary differences is not likely to be utilized, the Company will establish a valuation allowance against that asset to record it at its expected realizable value.  The Company recognizes uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by relevant taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position.  The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.  The Company's effective tax rate is dependent on many factors including:  the impact of enacted tax laws in jurisdictions in which the Company operates; the amount of earnings by jurisdiction, due to varying tax rates in each country; and the Company's ability to utilize foreign tax credits related to foreign taxes paid on foreign earnings that will be remitted to the U.S.

 

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income (loss).  Other comprehensive losses include net unrealized gains or losses resulting from currency translations of foreign subsidiaries, changes in the value of our derivative instruments and adjustments to the pension liability.

 

The accumulated balances related to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:

Accrued Rebates

 

The Company offers various rebates to customers based on purchases.  These rebate programs are individually negotiated with customers and contain a variety of different terms and conditions.  Certain rebates are calculated as flat percentages of purchases, while others included tiered volume incentives.  These rebates may be payable monthly, quarterly, or annually.  The calculation of the accrued rebate balance involves management estimates, especially where the terms of the rebate involve tiered volume levels that require estimates of expected annual sales.  These provisions are based on estimates derived from current program requirements and historical experience.  The accrual for customer rebates was $58 million and $58 million at the end of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively and is included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

 

Pension

 

Pension benefit costs include assumptions for the discount rate, retirement age, and expected return on plan assets.  Retiree medical plan costs include assumptions for the discount rate, retirement age, and health-care-cost trend rates.  Periodically, the Company evaluates the discount rate and the expected return on plan assets in its defined benefit pension and retiree health benefit plans.  In evaluating these assumptions, the Company considers many factors, including an evaluation of the discount rates, expected return on plan assets and the health-care-cost trend rates of other companies; historical assumptions compared with actual results; an analysis of current market conditions and asset allocations; and the views of advisers.

 

Net Income Per Share

 

The Company calculates basic net income per share based on the weighted-average number of outstanding common shares.  The Company calculates diluted net income per share based on the weighted-average number of outstanding common shares plus the effect of dilutive securities.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make extensive use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of sales and expenses.  Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in results of operations in the period that the event or circumstances giving rise to such changes occur.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

Revenue Recognition

 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a final standard on revenue recognition.  Under the new standard, an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  In order to do so, an entity would follow the five-step process for in-scope transactions: 1) identify the contract with a customer, 2) identify the separate performance obligations in the contract, 3) determine the transaction price, 4) allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations in the contract, and 5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.  For public entities, the provisions of the new standard are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods therein.  An entity can apply the new revenue standard on a full retrospective approach to each prior reporting period presented or on a modified retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized at the date of initial application in retained earnings.

The Company conducted an evaluation of contracts with key customers and the provisions under the five-step model specified by the new standard. The majority of the Company's revenue transactions consist of a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods for which revenue will be recorded consistently under both existing GAAP and the new standard. The Company evaluated whether the adoption may require acceleration of revenue for products produced by the Company without an alternative use and when the Company would have a legally enforceable right of payment. Based on the Company's contract reviews, relevant laws, operational interviews, and other procedures, the Company concluded that the acceleration of revenue is required on a small number of contracts, the effects of which are not material. Accordingly, the new standard does not have a material effect on the Company's financial statements. However, adoption of the new standard will result in expanded revenue disclosures beginning in fiscal 2019. The Company plans to adopt the new standard which will be effective for the Company beginning in fiscal 2019 using the modified retrospective approach.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements.  Under the new standard, the lessee of an operating lease will be required to do the following: 1) recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability in the statement of financial position, 2) recognize a single lease cost allocated over the lease term generally on a straight-line basis, and 3) classify all cash payments within operating activities on the statement of cash flows.  Companies may adopt this standard using a modified retrospective approach or by applying a prospective approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment in the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption.  Amendments in this standard are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard, which will not be effective for the Company until fiscal 2020.

Retirement Benefits

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715), Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost, which requires employers to report the service cost component in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period.  The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations.  If a separate line item is not used to present the other components of net benefit cost, then the line item used in the income statement to present the other components of net benefit cost must be disclosed.  The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and should be applied on a retrospective basis.  Early adoption is permitted.  The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our disclosures.

Hedges

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities in order to more closely align the results of hedge accounting with risk management activities through changes to the designation and measurement standard.  The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018.  The effect of adoption should be reflected on all active hedges as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.  Early adoption is permitted.  The Company has chosen to early adopt this standard for fiscal 2018, and did not experience a material impact on any of its active hedges.

Fair Value

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The new standard modifies disclosure requirements including removing requirements to disclose the valuation process for Level 3 measurements and adding requirements to disclose the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 measurements.  The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard to our disclosures.

Defined Benefit Plans

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.  The new standard removes requirements to disclose the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year and the effects of a one-percentage-point changes in assumed health care cost trend rates.  The standard also adds requirements to disclose the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligations for the period and the accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) for plans with ABOs in excess of plan assets.  The new standard will be effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard to our disclosures.

2.  Acquisitions

Laddawn, Inc.

In August 2018, the Company acquired Laddawn, Inc. ("Laddawn") for a purchase price of $242 million, which is preliminary and subject to adjustment.  Laddawn is a custom bag and film manufacturer with a unique-to-industry e-commerce sales platform.  The acquired business is operated in our Engineered Materials segment.  To finance the purchase, the Company used existing liquidity.  The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method of accounting and accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities based on preliminary estimates of fair value at the acquisition date.  The results of Laddawn have been included in the consolidated results of the Company since the date of the acquisition.  The Company has not finalized the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  The assets acquired and liabilities assumed consisted of working capital of $26 million, property and equipment of $39 million, intangible assets of $95 million, and goodwill of $82 million.  The Company has recognized goodwill on this transaction primarily as a result of expected cost synergies, and expects goodwill to be deductible for tax purposes.

 

Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc.

In February 2018, the Company acquired Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc. ("Clopay") for a purchase price of $475 million, which is preliminary and subject to adjustment.  Clopay is an innovator in the development of printed breathable films, elastic films, and laminates with product offerings uniquely designed for applications used in a number of markets including: hygiene, healthcare, construction and industrial protective apparel.  The acquired business is operated within our Health, Hygiene & Specialties segment.  To finance the purchase, the Company issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of 4.5% second priority notes through a private placement offering.

The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method of accounting, and accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities based on preliminary fair values at the acquisition date.  The results of Clopay have been included in the consolidated results of the Company since the date of the acquisition.  The Company has not finalized the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of deferred taxes (including the assessment of uncertain tax positions), fixed assets, and certain working capital accounts.  The Company has recognized goodwill on this transaction primarily as a result of expected cost synergies, and expects goodwill to be deductible for tax purposes.  The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation and estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition: