BIOLARGO, INC. - Quarter Report: 2008 March (Form 10-Q)
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008.
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 000-19709
BIOLARGO, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 65-0159115 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
2603 Main Street, Suite 1155
Irvine, California 92614
(Address, including zip code, of principal executive offices)
(949) 235-8062
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: Common Stock, $0.0067 par
value.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer ¨ | |
Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company x |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
The number of shares of the Registrants Common Stock outstanding as of March 31, 2008 was 40,467,611 shares.
Table of Contents
BIOLARGO, INC.
FORM 10-Q
PART I | 1 | |||
Item 1 |
1 | |||
Item 2 |
16 | |||
Item 3 |
20 | |||
Item 4 |
20 | |||
PART II | 22 | |||
Item 1 |
22 | |||
Item 1A |
22 | |||
Item 2 |
22 | |||
Item 3 |
22 | |||
Item 4 |
23 | |||
Item 5 |
23 | |||
Item 6 |
23 | |||
23 | ||||
Exhibit Index | 24 | |||
Exhibit 31.1 |
||||
Exhibit 31.2 |
||||
Exhibit 32 |
i.
Table of Contents
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2007 |
March 31, 2008 |
|||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 458,000 | $ | 593,000 | ||||
Prepaid expenses |
5,000 | 5,000 | ||||||
Total current assets |
463,000 | 598,000 | ||||||
OTHER ASSETS |
||||||||
Licensing rights, net |
10,655,000 | 10,400,000 | ||||||
Assigned agreements, net |
340,000 | 319,000 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 11,458,000 | $ | 11,317,000 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 781,000 | $ | 962,000 | ||||
Accrued option compensation expense |
636,000 | 1,123,000 | ||||||
Convertible notes payable, current portion |
1,000,000 | 1,000,000 | ||||||
Discount on convertible notes, current portion net of amortization |
(443,000 | ) | (384,000 | ) | ||||
Note payable |
22,000 | 15,000 | ||||||
Total Current Liabilities |
1,496,000 | 2,716,000 | ||||||
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
||||||||
Convertible notes payable, net of current portion |
1,000,000 | 1,000,000 | ||||||
Discount on convertible notes, net of current portion and amortization |
(574,000 | ) | (664,000 | ) | ||||
926,000 | 336,000 | |||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
2,422,000 | 3,052,000 | ||||||
COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
||||||||
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Convertible Preferred Series A, $.00067 Par Value, 50,000,000 and 25,000,000 Shares Authorized, -0- Shares Issued and Outstanding, at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. |
| | ||||||
Common Stock, $.00067 Par Value, 200,000,000 and 100,000,000 Shares Authorized, 40,467,611 and 39,980,611 Shares Issued, at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively |
27,000 | 27,000 | ||||||
Additional Paid-In Capital |
44,022,000 | 45,668,000 | ||||||
Accumulated Deficit |
(35,013,000 | ) | (37,430,000 | ) | ||||
Total Stockholders Equity |
9,036,000 | 8,265,000 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
$ | 11,458,000 | $ | 11,317,000 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
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Table of Contents
BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE QUARTERS ENDED
MARCH 31, 2007 AND 2008
(unaudited)
For the quarter ended March 31, | ||||||||
2007 | 2008 | |||||||
Revenue |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Total revenues |
| | ||||||
Costs and expenses |
||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
619,000 | 1,912,000 | ||||||
Research and development |
18,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
Amortization expense |
| 277,000 | ||||||
Total costs and expenses |
637,000 | 2,239,000 | ||||||
Loss from operations |
(637,000 | ) | (2,239,000 | ) | ||||
Other income and (expense) |
||||||||
Interest expense |
(1,053,000 | ) | (191,000 | ) | ||||
Other income |
| 13,000 | ||||||
Net other income (expense) |
(1,053,000 | ) | (178,000 | ) | ||||
Net loss before taxes |
(1,691,000 | ) | (2,417,000 | ) | ||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
| | ||||||
Net loss |
$ | (1,691,000 | ) | $ | (2,417,000 | ) | ||
Basic and diluted loss per share |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | (0.06 | ) | ||
Weighted average common share equivalents outstanding |
4,281,186 | 40,155,296 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2008
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | |||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares |
Par Value $.00067 |
Number of Shares |
Par Value $.00067 |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Retained Earnings (Deficit) |
Total | ||||||||||||||
BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
| | 39,981,000 | $ | 27,000 | $ | 44,022,000 | $ | (35,013,000 | ) | $ | 9,036,000 | ||||||||
Exercised warrants |
487,000 | | 608,000 | 608,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of warrants as part of convertible note offering |
| | 166,000 | 166,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of warrants to consultants |
| | 282,000 | 282,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock options to consultants |
| | 590,000 | 590,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 |
(2,417,000 | ) | (2,417,000 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
BALANCE MARCH 31, 2008 (unaudited) |
| | 40,468,000 | $ | 27,000 | $ | 45,668,000 | $ | (37,430,000 | ) | $ | 8,265,000 | ||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE QUARTERS ENDED
MARCH 31, 2007 AND 2008
(unaudited)
For the quarter ended March 31 |
||||||||
2007 | 2008 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
Net Loss |
$ | (1,691,000 | ) | $ | (2,417,000 | ) | ||
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Non-cash interest expense related to conversion of noteholder obligations |
961,000 | | ||||||
Non-cash interest expense related to the fair value of warrants issued in conjunction with our convertible notes |
101,000 | 135,000 | ||||||
Non-cash expense related to options issued to officers |
| 340,000 | ||||||
Non-cash expense related to options issued to consultants |
| 737,000 | ||||||
Non-cash expense related to warrants issued to consultants |
| 282,000 | ||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
| 276,000 | ||||||
Decrease in prepaid expense |
10,000 | | ||||||
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
213,000 | 181,000 | ||||||
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities |
(406,000 | ) | (466,000 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
Proceeds from exercised warrants |
| 608,000 | ||||||
Payments to note payable |
| (7,000 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from convertible notes |
324,000 | | ||||||
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities |
324,000 | 601,000 | ||||||
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(82,000 | ) | 135,000 | |||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS BEGINNING |
229,000 | 458,000 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS ENDING |
$ | 147,000 | $ | 593,000 | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASHFLOW INFORMATION |
||||||||
Cash Paid During the Period for: |
||||||||
Interest |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Income taxes |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Conversion of convertible notes to shares of the Companys common stock |
$ | 2,235,000 | $ | | ||||
Conversion of accrued expenses to shares of the Companys common stock: |
||||||||
Board of Directors and officer obligations |
$ | 609,000 | $ | | ||||
Consultant obligations |
$ | 197,000 | $ | | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NON-CASH FINANCING AND INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Issuance of warrants in conjunction with convertible note offerings |
$ | 192,000 | $ | 166,000 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
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Table of Contents
BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Business and Organization
Outlook
Prior to the acquisition of the suite of patented and patent-pending intellectual property and other assets (the BioLargo technology) from IOWC Technologies, Inc. (IOWC) and Kenneth R. Code on April 30, 2007, BioLargo, Inc. (the Company, or we) had no continuing business operations and operated as a public shell.
We will need substantial working capital to maintain our legal status and to fund other anticipated costs and expenses during the year ending December 31, 2008 and beyond, as well as to fund the commercialization of the BioLargo technology. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on our ability to raise capital to, at a minimum, meet our corporate maintenance requirements and fund the operations necessary to commercially exploit the BioLargo technology. We will need additional outside capital until and unless that technology is able to generate positive working capital sufficient to fund our cash flow requirements from operations.
These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of our business. As reflected in the accompanying financial statements, we had a net loss of $2,417,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, negative cash flow from operating activities of $466,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, and an accumulated stockholders deficit of $37,430,000 as of March 31, 2008. Also, as of March 31, 2008, we had limited liquid and capital resources. The foregoing factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Ultimately, our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to attract new sources of capital, exploit the technology acquired so it attains a reasonable threshold of operating efficiencies and achieves profitable operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern.
Cash and cash equivalents totaled $593,000 at March 31, 2008. We had no revenues in the quarter ended March 31, 2008, and financing activities primarily funded operations.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we received $608,000 from the exercise of our warrants. (See Note 4.)
As of March 31, 2008, we had $2,015,000 aggregate principal amount of promissory notes that mature at various times during 2008 and 2009. This amount includes (i) convertible notes issued to investors totaling $2,000,000 (see Note 3), and (ii) a note totaling $15,000 (see Note 8).
In the opinion of management, the accompanying balance sheets and related quarterly statements of operations, cash flows, and stockholders equity include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring items, necessary for their fair presentation in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. Actual results and outcomes may differ from managements estimates and assumptions. Estimates are used when accounting for stock-based transactions, account payables and accrued expenses and taxes, among others.
Quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis and financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Organization
On March 15, 2007 our stockholders approved, and we have completed, an increase in our authorized capital stock and a corporate name change, changing our name from NuWay Medical, Inc. to BioLargo, Inc. The amendment to the certificate of incorporation was filed on March 16, 2007 with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. In connection with this name change, our stock began trading on the Pink Sheets under a new trading symbol, BLGO effective March 21, 2007. On January 23, 2008, it began trading on the OTC Bulletin Board under the trading symbol BLGO.
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Table of Contents
BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
We were initially organized under the laws of the State of Florida in 1989 as Repossession Auction, Inc. In 1991, we merged into a Delaware corporation bearing the same name. In 1994, we changed our name to Latin American Casinos, Inc. to reflect our new focus on the gaming and casino business in South and Central America, and in 2001 we changed our name to NuWay Energy, Inc. to reflect our new emphasis on the oil and gas development industry. During October 2002, we changed our name to NuWay Medical, Inc. coincident with the divestiture of our non-medical assets and the retention of new management. In March 2007, in connection with the approval by our stockholders of the acquisition of the BioLargo technology, we changed our name to BioLargo, Inc.
Intellectual Property
By leveraging our suite of patented and patent-pending intellectual property, which we refer to as the BioLargo technology, our business strategy is to harness and deliver natures best disinfectant iodine in a safe, efficient, environmentally sensitive and cost-effective manner. Our BioLargo technology works by combining minerals with water from any source and delivering molecular iodine on demand, in controlled dosages, in order to balance efficacy of disinfectant performance with concerns about toxicity. When our BioLargo technology is incorporated in absorbent products, referred to as BI2O-SORB absorbents, third party testing has confirmed that the products also experience increased holding power and we believe that they may also experience increased absorption. Our BioLargo technology also includes know-how and trade secrets, which, together with our intellectual property, contribute to our expertise in product design, manufacturing, product claims, safety features and competitive positioning of products that feature our BioLargo technology.
Our BioLargo technology creates a value-added proposition to existing products and can be used to create new products. Our BioLargo technology can be incorporated into absorbents, washes and sprays, and into various products and applications across multiple industry verticals. Our BioLargo technology has the potential to replace other disinfectants such as chlorines and bromines, which may be harmful to the environment. Our business model is to license our BioLargo technology to others, rather than to manufacture our own products.
The centerpiece of our BioLargo technology is CupriDyne, a mineral and salt formulation that is the principal reactive agent we have focused on in our research and development, testing and patent protection to date and on which we will continue to devote substantial additional efforts. We have also engaged in research and development and, subject to adequate financing, intend to engage in additional research and development on, and testing and protection of, other formulations to deliver our BioLargo technology.
Our current focus is to develop opportunities to license our BioLargo technology to others in various vertical markets. We do not currently intend to manufacture our own products, although we will contract with others to manufacture the chemicals and minerals that comprise our BioLargo technology.
Note 2. Intangible Assets/Long-lived Assets
Licensing rights are stated on the balance sheet net of accumulated amortization of $937,000 as of March 31, 2008. Amortization expense for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $256,000 and $0, respectively. At March 31, 2008 the weighted average remaining amortization period for the licensing rights was approximately 11 years.
Certain agreements assigned to us in connection with our acquisition of the BioLargo technology (the Assigned Agreements) are stated on the balance sheet net of accumulated amortization of $78,000 at March 31, 2008. Amortization expense for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $21,000 and $0, respectively. At March 31, 2008 the Assigned Agreements have a remaining amortization period of approximately 4 years.
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 3. Sale of Unregistered Securities
To fund our operations, we have raised money pursuant to several private offerings of its securities, the details of which are provided below.
2007 Offering
Pursuant to a private offering that commenced in May 2007 (the 2007 Offering) and terminated December 2007, we sold an aggregate $1,000,000 of our convertible notes (the 2007 Notes), which are due and payable on June 30, 2009. Interest accrues at 10% compounding annually and is payable at our option in cash or stock at an initial conversion rate of $0.70 per share. Purchasers of the 2007 Notes received, for no additional consideration, stock purchase warrants (the 2007 Warrants) entitling the holder to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to the number of shares of common stock into which the principal amount of the investors 2007 Note is convertible. The 2007 Warrants are exercisable at $1.30 per share and will expire on June 30, 2010. (See Note 4.)
The 2007 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion price of $0.70 per share. The 2007 Notes can be converted voluntarily by the noteholders at any time. We can unilaterally convert the 2007 Notes (i) on or after September 30, 2007, if we receive one or more written firm commitments, or have closed on one or more transactions, or a combination of the foregoing, of at least $3 million gross proceeds of equity or debt; or (ii) on the maturity date. Accordingly, under such circumstances, the 2007 Notes may be repaid in cash or may be converted, at our sole option, into shares of our common stock, on the maturity date.
From the inception of the 2007 Offering in May 2007, through December 31, 2007, we received gross and net proceeds of $1,000,000 and issued 2007 Notes, the principal amount of which allow for conversion into an aggregate 1,428,582 shares of our common stock.
The 2007 Notes have not been converted and remain outstanding, and are recorded on the March 31, 2008 balance sheet as convertible notes payable as Long-Term Liabilities.
Fall 2006 Offering
In September 2006, we commenced a private offering that terminated in April 2007 (the Fall 2006 Offering). We sold an aggregate $1,000,000 principal amount of our promissory notes (the Fall 2006 Notes) due and payable September 13, 2008 to 43 investors, the principal amount of which is convertible into 1,454,546 shares of our common stock. Of this amount, we sold an aggregate $484,000 principal amount of Fall 2006 Notes as of December 31, 2006, and the $516,000 during 2007. Each Fall 2006 Note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, such interest to be paid, at our option, in cash or stock at an initial conversion rate of $0.6875 per share. Purchasers of the Fall 2006 Notes received, for no additional consideration, a stock purchase warrant (the Fall 2006 Warrant) entitling the holder to purchase a number of shares of our common stock into which the principal amount of the investors Fall 2006 Note is convertible. The Fall 2006 Warrant is exercisable at an initial price of $1.25 per share, and will expire on September 13, 2009. (See Note 4.)
The Fall 2006 Notes may be subordinated in an amount up to $5 million of additional debt financing that we may incur prior to the maturity date. The Fall 2006 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion price of $0.6875 per share. The Fall 2006 Notes can be converted voluntarily by the noteholders at any time prior to the maturity date. We can unilaterally convert the Fall 2006 Notes (i) on or after September 13, 2007, if we have received one or more written firm commitments, or have closed on one or more transactions, or a combination of the foregoing, of at least $3 million gross proceeds of equity or debt; or (ii) on the maturity date. Accordingly, under such circumstances, the Fall 2006 Notes may be repaid in cash or may be converted, at our sole option, into shares of our common stock, on the maturity date.
From the inception of the Fall 2006 Offering in September 2006 through April 2007, we received gross and net proceeds of $1,000,000 and issued 2006 Notes, the principal amount of which allow for conversion into an aggregate 1,454,564 shares of our common stock.
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Fall 2006 Notes have not been converted and remain outstanding, and are recorded on the March 31, 2008 balance sheet as convertible notes payable as current liabilities.
All of these offerings and sales were made in reliance on the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Exchange Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder as not involving a public offering of securities.
Note 4. Warrants
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we issued warrants to purchase an aggregate 199,999 shares of our common stock to a consultant in exchange for services, pursuant to terms of the contract with the consultant, as follows: a warrant on January 31, 2008 to purchase 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.00 per share; a warrant on January 31, 2008 to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $1.50 per share; a warrant on February 29, 2008 to purchase 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.58 per share; and a warrant on March 31, 2008 to purchase 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.24 per share. The warrants vest immediately and expire three years from the date of issuance. The fair value of these warrants was $282,000 all of which was expensed during the quarter ended March 31, 2008.
We have certain warrants outstanding to purchase our common stock, at various prices, as described in the following table:
Number of Shares |
Price Range | |||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2007 |
5,292,682 | $ | 0.125 -1.50 | |||
Issued |
199,999 | $ | 1.00 1.58 | |||
Exercised |
(487,000 | ) | $ | 1.25 | ||
Expired |
(1,276,200 | ) | $ | 1.25 | ||
Outstanding as of March 31, 2008 |
3,729,481 | $ | 0.125 -1.58 | |||
To determine interest expense related to our outstanding warrants issued in conjunction with debt offerings, the fair value of each award grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the calculated value is amortized over the life of the warrant. The determination of expense of warrants issued for services or settlement also uses the option-pricing model. The principal assumptions we used in applying this model were as follows:
March 31, 2007 |
March 31, 2008 |
|||||
Risk free interest rate |
4.52 | % | 2.11 | % | ||
Expected volatility |
276 | % | 251 | % | ||
Expected dividend yield |
| | ||||
Forfeiture rate |
| | ||||
Expected life in years |
1.25 | 1.50 |
The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S Treasury yields in effect at the time of grant. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of our common stock. The expected term is presumed to be the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term.
The aggregate fair value of the warrants issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2008 totaled $2,258,000. A total of $340,000 was issued to consultants of which $282,000 was expensed during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 and the remaining $58,000 was expensed during the year ended December 31, 2007. The remaining $1,918,000 was issued in conjunction with our convertible notes and is recorded on our balance sheet as discount on convertible notes net of accumulated amortization of $870,000. We recorded $174,000 and $92,000 of interest expense related to the amortization of the discount on convertible notes for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007, respectively.
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008 we received an aggregate $608,000 from the exercise of our warrants and issued 487,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share. During the quarter ended March 31, 2008 warrants to purchase 1,276,200 shares of our common stock, at an exercise price of $1.25, expired unexercised.
During 2007, we issued warrants to purchase an aggregate 2,179,128 shares of our common stock to investors as part of two private offerings, as follows. In connection with the Fall 2006 Offering we issued warrants to purchase 704,000 shares of our common stock. The warrants allow for the holders to purchase shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share, and expire on September 13, 2009. In connection with the 2007 Offering, we issued warrants to purchase 1,428,582 shares of our common stock. The warrants allow for the holder to purchase shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.30 per share, and expire June 30, 2010. (See Note 3.)
Also during 2007, in addition to warrants issued to investors, we issued warrants to purchase an aggregate 66,666 shares of our common stock to a consultant in exchange for services. The warrants allow the holder to purchase shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share, are fully vested, and expire three years from the date of issuance. The fair value of these warrants was $52,000 all of which was expensed during the year ended December 31, 2007.
Note 5. Stockholders Equity
Preferred Stock
Each share of the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of our common stock. The Series A Preferred Stock may be converted by the holder, at any time after six months from the purchase date. The Series A Preferred Stock vote with the holders of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and not as a separate class or series, except as may be required by law.
The holders of outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock (which may be referred to as the Series A Preferred Stock) shall be entitled to receive in any fiscal year, dividends, if, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, out of any assets at the time legally available therefore in cash at a rate equal to 7% per share, per annum, of the original liquidation preference of $2.00 per share, subject to adjustment as provided herein. We have never declared a dividend.
As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 there were no outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.
Common Stock
As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 there were 40,467,611 and 39,980,611 shares of common stock outstanding, respectively. The increase in shares during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 was due to the issuance of 487,000 shares of our common stock in connection with the exercise of warrants. (See Note 4.)
Note 6. Stock-Based Compensation and Other Employee Benefit Plans
2007 Equity Incentive Plan
On August 7, 2007, our Board of Directors adopted the BioLargo, Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (2007 Plan) as a means of providing our directors, key employees and consultants additional incentive to provide services. Both stock options and stock grants may be made under this plan. The Compensation Committee administers this plan. The plan allows grants of common shares or options to purchase common shares. As plan administrator, the Compensation Committee has sole discretion to set the price of the options. The Compensation Committee may at any time amend or terminate the plan.
Under this plan, 6,000,000 shares of our common stock are reserved for issuance under awards. Any shares that are represented by awards under the 2007 Plan that are forfeited, expire, or are canceled or settled in cash without delivery of shares, or that are forfeited back to us or reacquired by us after delivery for any reason, or that are tendered to us or withheld to pay the exercise price or
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
related tax withholding obligations in connection with any award under the 2007 Plan, will again be available for awards under the 2007 Plan. Only shares actually issued under the 2007 Plan will reduce the share reserve. If we acquire another entity through a merger or similar transaction and issue replacement awards under the 2007 Plan to employees, officers and directors of the acquired entity, those awards, to the extent permitted under applicable laws and securities exchange rules, will not reduce the number of shares reserved for the 2007 Plan.
The 2007 Plan imposes additional maximum limitations, which limitations will be adjusted to take into account stock splits, reverse stock splits and other similar occurrences. The maximum number of shares that may be issued in connection with incentive stock options granted to any one person in any calendar year intended to qualify under Internal Revenue Code Section 422 is 160,000 shares. The maximum number of shares that may be subject to stock options or stock appreciation rights granted to any one person in any calendar year is 200,000 shares, except that this limit is 400,000 shares if the grant is made in the year of the recipients initial employment. The maximum number of shares that may be subject to restricted stock or restricted stock units granted to any one person in any calendar year is 200,000 shares. The maximum number shares that may be subject to awards granted to any one Participant in any calendar year of (i) performance shares, and/or performance units (the value of which is based on the Fair Market Value of a Shares), is 200,000 Shares; and (ii) of performance units (the value of which is not based on the Fair Market Value of a Share) that could result a payment of more than $500,000.
On February 1, 2008, we issued a stock option under the 2007 Plan which allow for the purchase of an aggregate 50,000 shares of our common stock. The option is exercisable at $1.89 per share, expires ten years from the grant date and vests over 90 days. The fair value of this option was $94,000 of which $63,000 was recorded as expense in the quarter ended March 31, 2008.
During the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 we recorded an aggregate $101,000 and $0 in option compensation expense.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, we issued stock options under the 2007 Plan which allow for the purchase of an aggregate 625,000 shares of our common stock. The fair value of these options was an aggregate $561,000. The options are exercisable at a price range of $0.40 to $1.03 and expire ten years from the grant date. Of this amount, $98,000 was expensed during the year ended December 31, 2007. The remaining fair value of $463,000 will be expensed ratably over the applicable vesting period. During the quarters ended March, 31, 2008 and 2007, we recognized $39,000 and $0 compensation expense, respectively.
Activity for our stock options under the 2007 Plan for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 is as follows:
Shares Outstanding |
Shares Available |
Price per share | Weighted Average Price per share | ||||||||
Balances, December 31, 2007 |
625,000 | 5,375,000 | $ | 0.40 $ 1.03 | $ | 0.95 | |||||
Granted |
50,000 | (50,000 | ) | $ | 1.89 | $ | 1.89 | ||||
Exercised |
| | | | |||||||
Canceled |
| | | | |||||||
Balances, March 31, 2008 |
675,000 | 5,325,000 | $ | 0.40 $1.89 | $ | 1.02 | |||||
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following table summarizes the stock options issued under the 2007 Equity Plan outstanding at March 31, 2008.
Options Outstanding | Currently Exercisable | ||||||||||||
Shares Outstanding at 2008 |
Exercise Price |
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life |
Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Number of Shares at March 31, 2008 |
Weighted Average Exercise Price | ||||||||
20,000 | $ | 0.40 | 10 | $ | 0.40 | 20,000 | $ | 0.40 | |||||
605,000 | $ | 0.94-$1.03 | 10 | $ | 0.97 | 105,000 | $ | 0.94 | |||||
50,000 | $ | 1.89 | 10 | $ | 1.89 | | |
Stock Options issued outside of the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan
On January 10, 2008, pursuant to the consulting agreements with Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer, we issued options outside of the 2007 Equity Plan to purchase 2,400,000 shares of our common stock at $0.99 per share. Each option is exercisable for five years, and vests in four equal installments commencing on the date of the respective consulting agreement and continuing on each of December 31, 2008, December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2010 (each, an Option Vesting Date); provided that no additional portion of each Option shall vest if Mr. Wallace or Mr. Szolomayer, as the case may be, is not providing services under his consulting agreement as of such Option Vesting Date. The fair value of these options was $2,358,000 and for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 we recognized $737,000 and $0 of consulting expense, respectively.
On April 30, 2007, we issued an option outside of the 2007 Equity Plan to Dennis P. Calvert, our CEO, to purchase 7,733,259 shares of our common stock at $0.18 per share, a discount to the $0.37 closing price on the date of issuance. This option vests over three years in equal amounts on the anniversary date, and expires ten years from the date of issuance. The fair value of this option was $2,861,000 and for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 we recognized $238,000 and $0 of compensation expense, respectively.
We recognize compensation expense for stock option awards on a straight-line basis over the applicable service period of the award, which is the vesting period. Share-based compensation expense is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R, using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model. The following methodology and assumptions were used to calculate share based compensation for the year ended March 31, 2008:
Nonplan Option |
2007 Plan | |||||
Risk free interest rate |
2.17 | % | 2.17 | % | ||
Expected volatility |
251 | % | 251 | % | ||
Expected dividend yield |
| | ||||
Forfeiture rate |
| | ||||
Expected life in years |
5 | 5 |
Expected price volatility is the measure by which our stock price is expected to fluctuate during the expect term of an option. Expected volatility is derived from the historical daily change in the market price of our common stock, as we believe that historical volatility is the best indicator of future volatility.
Following the guidance of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, we follow the shortcut method to determine the expected term of plain vanilla options issued to employees and Directors. The expected term is presumed to be the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term.
The risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes calculation is based on the prevailing U.S Treasury yield as determined by the U.S. Federal Reserve. We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS 123R requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant, and revised, if
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Historically, we have not had significant forfeitures of unvested stock options granted to employees and Directors. A significant number of our stock option grants are fully vested at issuance or have short vesting provisions. Therefore, we have estimated the forfeiture rate of our outstanding stock options as zero.
Note 7. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
Accounts payable and accrued expenses included the following:
December 31, 2007 |
March 31, 2008 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 229,000 | $ | 351,000 | ||
Accrued interest |
494,000 | 549,000 | ||||
Officer payable |
58,000 | 44,000 | ||||
Board of Director payable |
| 18,000 | ||||
Total Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses |
$ | 781,000 | $ | 962,000 | ||
The accrued interest as of March 31, 2008, includes $381,000 of accrued and unpaid interest related to a note held by New Millennium Capital Partners, LLC (New Millennium), which was not included in the conversion of the principal and which balance will remain outstanding and will not accrue additional interest (see Note 9). The remaining $168,000 of accrued interest relates to the outstanding convertible notes. During the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, we recorded $55,000 and $58,000 of interest expense related to the convertible notes outstanding, respectively.
Note 8. Other Promissory Notes
On November 1, 2004, we converted $25,000 of obligations owed to a former provider of professional services into a promissory note, which amount accrues interest at 5% per annum. As of September 1, 2007, we agreed to enter into a new loan agreement which converted the then accrued interest totaling $5,000 to principal and enter into a new one year note totaling $30,000, payable September 30, 2008 bearing interest at rate of 6% per annum. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $15,000 and $22,000 remained unpaid, respectively.
Note 9. Related Party Transactions
New Millennium
In March 2003, New Millennium Capital Partners, LLC (New Millennium), a company owned and controlled by our president, Mr. Calvert, purchased from a third party a promissory note in the principal amount of $1,120,000 we assumed pursuant to a licensing transaction in October 2002.
On April 28, 2006, New Millennium agreed to amend the terms of the $1,120,000 promissory note (the New Millennium Note) to (i) extend the due date to January 15, 2008; (ii) waive any payments of interest until it becomes due; (iii) reduce the principal amount from $1,120,000 to $900,000, equal to a 19.6% reduction; and (iv) correspondingly reduce the accrued but unpaid interest due under the terms of the note from $318,000 to $256,000, also equal to a 19.6% reduction.
As of December 31, 2006, the principal amount of the note, together with $362,000 in accrued but unpaid interest, remained outstanding. On April 13, 2007, we entered into an agreement with New Millennium whereby the $900,000 principal amount of the New Millennium Note was converted into 1,636,364 shares of our common stock, at a price of $0.55 per share, which was the last bid price on the date of conversion. New Millennium is controlled by Dennis P. Calvert, the Companys President and Chief Executive Officer. The remaining accrued but unpaid interest in the amount of $381,000 was not converted, and the parties agreed that no further interest would accrue, and that the interest would be paid on or before January 15, 2008. We are currently engaged in discussions with New Millennium to further extend the due date for payment of the accrued but unpaid interest.
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
We are party to various other claims, legal actions and complaints arising periodically in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, no such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial position or results of operations. As of March 31, 2008, there were no litigation proceedings.
Attorney fee settlement
In February 2008, we agreed to pay $25,000, issue 15,000 shares of our common stock, and issue warrants to purchase an aggregate 15,000 shares of our common stock at $1.50 per share, which warrants would expire three years from the date of issuance, in settlement of an account owed to a service provider. Since the date of the settlement, certain facts have come to light, and therefore, as of the date of this report on Form 10-Q, we have not issued the common stock or the warrants, but have recorded a $42,000 expense in connection therewith.
Employment Agreements
Joseph L. Provenzano Employment Agreement
On January 10, 2008, we entered into an employment agreement with Joseph L. Provenzano (the Provenzano Employment Agreement), pursuant to which Mr. Provenzano agreed to serve as Vice President of Operations effective January 1, 2008, in addition to continuing to serve as Corporate Secretary. The Provenzano Employment Agreement replaces a previous employment agreement dated March 1, 2003.
The Provenzano Employment Agreements provides that Mr. Provenzano will receive base compensation of $79,200 annually (with automatic 10% annual increases). Mr. Provenzano is also entitled to reimbursement for authorized expenses he incurs in the course of his employment. In addition, Mr. Provenzano is eligible to receive discretionary bonuses, participate in benefits made generally available to our employees, and receive grants under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan.
The initial term of the Provenzano Employment Agreement is one year and is automatically renewable for additional one-year periods unless we give at least 90 days notice of non-renewal. The Provenzano Employment Agreement also contains additional provisions typical of an agreement of this nature.
In connection with the execution of the Provenzano Employment Agreement, Mr. Provenzano also executed a non-disclosure agreement requiring him to keep certain information confidential, assigning to us creations and inventions during the term of his employment, and prohibiting him from soliciting business during the term of his employment and for a period of time thereafter.
Engagement of Charles K. Dargan, II as Chief Financial Officer
On February 1, 2008, we engaged Charles K. Dargan, II to serve as our Chief Financial Officer for a term of one year, subject to earlier termination on 30 days notice, and simultaneously Dennis P. Calvert resigned as our Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Calvert will continue to serve as our Chief Executive Officer, President and a director. During the term, Mr. Dargan will receive a fee of $4,000 per month, which amount will be increased to $8,000 or more in months during which we file our periodic reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
In addition to the cash compensation specified above, Mr. Dargan will be issued stock options over the term, as follows:
| an option to purchase 50,000 shares of our common stock, granted on February 1, 2008, at an exercise price equal to the closing price of a share of our common stock on the grant date, such option to vest in full 90 days after grant; and |
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BIOLARGO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| options to purchase 10,000 shares of our common stock, each such option to be granted on the last day of each month commencing April 2008 and ending January 2009, provided that this Agreement has not been terminated prior to each such grant date, at an exercise price equal to the closing price of a share of our common stock on each grant date, each such option to be fully vested upon grant. |
Mr. Dargan will be reimbursed for business expenses he incurs in connection with the performance of his services as our Chief Financial Officer. The agreement with Mr. Dargan also contains provisions regarding indemnification and arbitration of disputes.
Consulting Agreements
Also on January 10, 2008, we entered into consulting agreements with each of Jeffrey C. Wallace (the Wallace Consulting Agreement) and Robert J. Szolomayer (individually the Szolomayer Consulting Agreement and collectively with the Wallace Consulting Agreement, the Consulting Agreements). Pursuant to the Wallace Consulting Agreement, Mr. Wallace has agreed to serve as our Director of Sales and Marketing effective January 1, 2008, and pursuant to the Szolomayer Consulting Agreement, Mr. Szolomayer has agreed to serve as our Director of Corporate Development effective January 1, 2008.
Other than referring to respective titles, the terms of the Consulting Agreements are identical. The Consulting Agreements provide that each of Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer will receive (i) base compensation of $90,000 annually, (ii) a share of a commission pool (the Commission Pool) to be established with respect to revenue it receives from third-parties evaluating, developing or licensing our BioLargo technology; and (iii) a stock purchase option (the Option). Each of Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer is also entitled to reimbursement for authorized expenses he incurs in the course of his consultancy. The Commission Pool shall consist of an amount of money equal to a percentage of net licensing revenue (as defined in each Consulting Agreement), in the following amounts:
| not less than 4% nor more than 7% of the Net Licensing Revenue actually and indefeasibly received by BioLargo in the first 12 months of the License Agreement Period for such License Agreement; |
| not less than 3% nor more than 5% of the Net Licensing Revenue actually and indefeasibly received by BioLargo in the second 12 months of the License Agreement Period for such License Agreement; |
| not less than 1% nor more than 3% of the Net Licensing Revenue actually and indefeasibly received by BioLargo in the third 12 months of the License Agreement Period for such License Agreement; and |
| not less than 0.75% nor more than 2% of the Net Licensing Revenue actually and indefeasibly received by BioLargo in the fourth 12 months and for each 12 month period thereafter, of the License Agreement Period for such License Agreement. |
Each of Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer shall be entitled to one-half (1/2) of the above-stated minimum amounts included in the Commission Pool during each calendar year during the term of the Consulting Agreements. Any and all of amounts in the Commission Pool which we may, in our sole and absolute discretion, contribute in excess of such above-stated minimum amounts up to the above-stated maximum amounts shall be paid to such persons, including either or both of Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer, and in such amounts as we shall determine in its sole and absolutely discretion.
Pursuant to the Consulting Agreements, each of Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer received an Option to purchase 1,200,000 shares of our common stock at $0.99 per share. Each Option is exercisable for five years, and vests in four equal installments commencing on the date of the respective Consulting Agreement and continuing on each of December 31, 2008, December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2010 (each, an Option Vesting Date); provided that no additional portion of each Option shall vest if Mr. Wallace or Mr. Szolomayer, as the case may be, is not providing services under his Consulting Agreement as of such Option
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Vesting Date. The fair value of these options was $2,358,000 and for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 we recognized $737,000 and $0 of consulting expense, respectively. (See Note 6.)
The initial term of each of the Consulting Agreements is four years. Each of the Consulting Agreements also contains additional provisions typical of an agreement of this nature.
In connection with the execution of his respective Consulting Agreement, each of Messrs. Wallace and Szolomayer also executed a non-disclosure agreement requiring him to keep certain information confidential, assigning creations and inventions during the term of his consultancy and prohibiting him from soliciting business during the term of his consultancy and for a period of time thereafter.
Stock-Based Commitments
We have utilized the services of a number of consultants who have been compensated with shares of our common stock. While each agreement can generally be terminated with a 15-day notice, we may be obligated to issue additional shares to the consultants.
Note 11. Subsequent Events
2008 Offering
In March 2008, we commenced an offering (the 2008 Offering) of an aggregate of up to $1,000,000 of our 10% convertible notes due March 31, 2010 (the 2008 Notes). The 2008 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion price of $1.35 per share. The 2008 Offering is subject to an over-allotment option of 15% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2008 Notes, or $1,150,000.
Purchasers of the 2008 Notes will receive, for no additional consideration, two stock purchase warrants, each of which entitles the holder to purchase a number of shares of our common stock into which the note is convertible. The first warrant (the One-Year Warrant) is exercisable at an initial price of $1.50 per share and will expire on March 31, 2009. The second warrant (the Three-Year Warrant and together with the One-Year Warrant, the Warrants) is exercisable at an initial price of $2.00 per share and will expire on March 31, 2011.
The 2008 Notes can be converted voluntarily by the noteholders at any time prior to the maturity date. We can unilaterally convert the 2008 Notes (i) on or after September 30, 2008, if we have received one or more written firm commitments, or have closed on one or more transactions, or a combination of the foregoing, of at least $3 million gross proceeds of equity or debt; or (ii) on the maturity date. Accordingly, under such circumstances, the 2008 Notes may be repaid in cash or may be converted, at our sole option, into shares of our common stock, on the maturity date.
Subsequent to the end of the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we sold $523,000 aggregate principal amount of notes, and issued warrants to purchase an aggregate 387,509 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 and warrants to purchase an aggregate 387,509 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per share, with the difference in exercise price depending upon the termination date of the exercisability of the warrant, to a total of 23 investors.
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Item 2. | Managements Discussion and Analysis |
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of BioLargo, Inc. (the Company) contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include predictions regarding, among other things, our:
| our business plan; |
| the commercial viability of our technology and products incorporating our technology; |
| the effects of competitive factors on our technology and products incorporating our technology; |
| expenses we will incur in operating our business; |
| our liquidity and sufficiency of existing cash; |
| the success of our financing plans; and |
| the outcome of pending or threatened litigation. |
You can identify these and other forward-looking statements by the use of words such as may, will, expects, anticipates, believes, estimates, continues, or the negative of such terms, or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements also include the assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing statements.
Such statements, which include statements concerning future revenue sources and concentrations, selling, general and administrative expenses, research and development expenses, capital resources, additional financings and additional losses, are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected.
Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under the heading Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Unless otherwise expressly stated herein, all statements, including forward-looking statements, set forth in this Form 10-Q are as of March 31, 2008, unless expressly stated otherwise, and we undertake no duty to update this information.
As used in this Report, the term Company refers to BioLargo, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, BioLargo Life Technologies, Inc., a California corporation.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
Overview
By leveraging our suite of patented and patent-pending intellectual property, which we refer to as the BioLargo technology, our business strategy is to harness and deliver natures best disinfectant iodine in a safe, efficient, environmentally sensitive and cost-effective manner. Our BioLargo technology works by combining minerals with water from any source and delivering molecular iodine on demand, in controlled dosages, in order to balance efficacy of disinfectant performance with concerns about toxicity. When our BioLargo technology is incorporated in absorbent products, referred to as BI2O-SORB absorbents, third party testing has confirmed that the products also experience increased holding power and we believe that they may also experience increased absorption. Our BioLargo technology also includes know-how and trade secrets, which, together with our intellectual property, contribute to our expertise in product design, manufacturing, product claims, safety features and competitive positioning of products that feature our BioLargo technology. We entered into our first two commercial product testing and development agreements, which are continuing, with Johnson & Johnson Consumer and Personal Products Worldwide, and Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc.
Our BioLargo technology creates a value-added proposition to existing products and can be used to create new products. Our BioLargo technology can be incorporated into absorbents, washes and sprays, and into various products and applications across multiple industry verticals. Our BioLargo technology has the potential to replace other disinfectants such as chlorines and bromines, which may be harmful to the environment.
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Our business model is to license our BioLargo technology to others, rather than to manufacture our own products. Our current focus is to develop opportunities to license our BioLargo technology to others in various vertical markets. We do not currently intend to manufacture our own products, although we will contract with others to manufacture the chemicals and minerals that comprise our BioLargo technology.
We operated as a shell company until the closing on April 30, 2007 of the acquisition of certain intellectual property and other assets from IOWC Technology, Inc. (IOWC). Prior to such date, our operations primarily consisted of seeking funding, maintaining our corporate entity, complying with the reporting and other requirements of the SEC, engaging in ongoing research and development in cooperation with Mr. Kenneth R. Code for the BioLargo technology, engaging in initial marketing activities in cooperation with Mr. Code for the BioLargo technology and planning for the consummation of the acquisition of certain intellectual property and other assets from IOWC.
Since the completion of the acquisition from IOWC, we have focused on marketing our BioLargo technology to prospective licensees and negotiating contractual relationships with various potential licensees. In September and October of 2007, we entered into our first two commercial product testing and development agreements, which are continuing. We generated our first revenues in the third quarter of 2007. Until the commercialization of our products, our revenues will be uneven during the product testing period and as such, we recorded no revenues in this quarter.
Results of OperationsComparison of the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
Revenue
We generated no revenues from operations during the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Selling, General and Administrative expenses were $1,912,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $619,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007, an increase of $1,293,000. The largest components of these expenses were:
a. Salaries and Payroll-related Expenses: These expenses were $464,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, compared to $56,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007, an increase of $408,000. The majority of the increase is attributable to stock option compensation expense, and the remainder of the increase is attributable to salary compensation related to Mr. Code, who became our Chief Technology Officer and full time employee in April 2007, and the addition of Mr. Dargan, our Chief Financial Officer.
b. Consulting Expenses: These expenses were $1,124,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, compared $140,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007, an increase of $984,000. The increase is primarily attributable to $737,000 of stock option expense related to the long term consulting agreements with Mr. Szolomayer, our Director of Corporate Development, and Mr. Wallace, our Director of Sales and Marketing, effective January 2008. These consultants were retained as part of the execution of the next phase of our business plan, as we seek to commercialize the BioLargo technology, and to provide applications of the BioLargo technology for potential licensees or other customers in various vertical markets. Additionally, the increase is attributable to expenses related to the issuance of warrants to consultants and other professional advisors; partially offset by the change in status of Mr. Code from consultant to full time employee in association with the acquisition of the BioLargo technology.
c. Professional Fees: These expenses were $203,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, compared to $288,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007, a decrease of $85,000. The decrease is primarily attributable to the consummation of the acquisition of the BioLargo technology in April 2007, and the concomitant reduced need for legal and other professional services required following that acquisition.
Interest expense
Interest expense totaled $191,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, compared to $1,053,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007, a decrease of $862,000. This decrease is primarily attributable to the additional interest expense required to be recorded in connection with the March 2007 conversions of certain promissory notes to common stock.
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Research and Development
Research and development expenses were $50,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $18,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007, an increase of $32,000. This increase is primarily attributable to increased activity related to our existing patent applications.
Net Loss
Net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 was $2,417,000, or $0.06 per share, compared to a net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 of $1,691,000, or $0.39 per share. This increase is primarily due to the aforementioned increase in selling, general and administrative expenses offset by the decrease in interest expense. The per share loss was affected by the significant increase in the number of shares of common stock outstanding.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have been, and anticipate that we will continue to be, limited in terms of our capital resources. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $593,000 at March 31, 2008. We had negative working capital and no revenue in the quarter ended March 31, 2008. Further, we had a negative cash flow from operating activities of $466,000 compared to a negative cash flow from operating activities of $406,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 and were compelled to use cash from financing activities to fund operations. Our cash position is insufficient to meet our continuing anticipated expenses or fund anticipated operating expenses. Accordingly, we will be required to raise additional capital to sustain operations and implement our business plan.
The financial statements accompanying this report have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of our business. As reflected in the accompanying financial statements, we had a net loss of $2,417,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, and a stockholders deficit of $37,430,000 as of March 31, 2008. The foregoing factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Ultimately, our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to attract new sources of capital, attain a reasonable threshold of operating efficiencies and achieve profitable operations by commercializing products incorporating our BioLargo technology. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we received $608,000 gross and net proceeds from the exercise of our warrants.
As of March 31, 2008 we had $2,564,000 aggregate principal amount, including accrued and unpaid interest, outstanding on various promissory notes. Of this amount, we may pay $2,168,000 in stock at our option at maturity. In addition, we had $394,000 in accrued and unpaid payables.
We completed a private offering in December 2007 to provide additional working capital, and as discussed below, began a new private offering in March 2008. We estimate that the net proceeds currently available from our last offering, together with the net proceeds we have thus far received in the offering we are currently conducting, will provide sufficient capital to meet operating expenses and other financial obligations only through October 2008. We will be required to raise substantial additional capital to sustain our expanded operations, including without limitation, hiring additional personnel, additional scientific and third-party testing, costs associated with obtaining regulatory approvals and filing additional patent applications to protect our intellectual property, as well as to meet our liabilities as they become due for the next 12 months.
In March, 2008, we commenced a new private offering of up to $1,000,000 of our 10% convertible promissory notes. Although we did not receive proceeds from this new private offering in the quarter ended March 31, 2008, subsequent to the March 31, 2008 we have raised $523,000 gross and net proceeds. See Part II, Item 2, Sales of Unregistered Securities.
We are also actively pursuing numerous alternatives for our current and longer-term financial requirements, including additional raises of capital from investors in the form of convertible debt or equity. Negotiations are underway with various sources of such capital. We have retained the services of Taglich Brothers, Inc. of New York to serve as our exclusive financial advisor. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise any additional capital. It is also unlikely that we will be able to qualify for bank debt until such time as our operations are considerably more advanced and we are able to demonstrate the financial strength to provide confidence for a lender, which we do not currently believe is likely to occur for at least the next 12 months.
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Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our results of operations and liquidity and capital resources are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, valuation of intangible assets and investments, and share-based payments. We base our estimates on anticipated results and trends and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results that differ from our estimates could have a significant adverse effect on our operating results and financial position. We believe that the following significant accounting policies and assumptions may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity than others.
The methods, estimates and judgments the Company uses in applying these most critical accounting policies have a significant impact on the results of the Company reports in its financial statements.
We anticipate that any generated revenue will principally be derived from royalties and license fees from our intellectual property. Licensees typically pay a license fee in one or more installments and ongoing royalties based on their sales of products incorporating or using our licensed intellectual property. License fees are recognized over the estimated period of future benefit to the average licensee.
The Company has established a policy relative to the methodology to determine the value assigned to each intangible acquired with or licensed by the Company and/or services or products received for non-cash consideration of the Companys common stock. The value is based on the market price of the Companys common stock issued as consideration, at the date of the agreement of each transaction or when the service is rendered or product is received, as adjusted for applicable discounts.
It the Companys policy to expense share based payments as of the date of grant in accordance with Financial Accounting Statements Board Statement number 123R Share-Based Payment. Application of this pronouncement requires significant judgment regarding the assumptions used in the selected option pricing model, including stock price volatility and employee exercise behavior. Most of these inputs are either highly dependent on the current economic environment at the date of grant or forward-looking expectations projected over the expected term of the award. As a result, the actual impact of adoption on future earnings could differ significantly from our current estimate.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141R), which revises current purchase accounting guidance in SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. SFAS No. 141R requires most assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination to be measured at their fair values as of the date of acquisition. SFAS No. 141R also modifies the initial measurement and subsequent remeasurement of contingent consideration and acquired contingencies, and requires that acquisition related costs be recognized as expense as incurred rather than capitalized as part of the cost of the acquisition. SFAS No. 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and is to be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring after adoption. The impact of SFAS No. 141R on the Companys consolidated financial statements will depend on the nature and extent of the Companys future acquisition activities.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. The fair value option
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established by this Statement permits all entities to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. A business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings (or another performance indicator if the business entity does not report earnings) at each subsequent reporting date. This Statement is effective as of the beginning of an entitys first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS 159 will have a material affect on our financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which establishes a standard definition for fair value, provides a framework under generally accepted accounting principles for measuring fair value, and expands disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. FAS 157-b, Effective Date of FASB No 157, issued in December 2007, delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 to annual reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2008 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. The remaining provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 may require increased disclosures in the Companys consolidated financial statements.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by FASB (including its Emerging Issued Task Force), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Companys present or future consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Not applicable.
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. We conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of Dennis P. Calvert, our Chief Executive Officer and Charles K. Dargan II, our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report.
Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that as of the evaluation date our disclosure controls and procedures were generally effective. Our procedures have been designed to ensure that the information relating to our company, including our consolidated subsidiaries, required to be disclosed in our SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Nonetheless, we believe that further steps are warranted to better assure the effectiveness of these disclosure controls and procedures. We have implemented certain steps in furtherance of this objective and believe, subject to our continuing evaluation and review of these further steps, that additional steps may be warranted. In February 2008, we hired a Chief Financial Officer who is a Certified Public Accountant. Additional steps that the Company believes it must undertake are to retain a consulting firm to, among other things, design and implement adequate systems of accounting and financial statement disclosure controls during the current fiscal year to comply with the requirements of the SEC. We believe that the ultimate success of our plan to improve our internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures will require a combination of additional financial resources, outside consulting services, legal advice, additional personnel, further reallocation of responsibility among various persons, and substantial additional training of those of our officers, personnel and others, including certain of our directors such as our committee chairs, who are charged with implementing and/or carrying out our plan.
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It should be noted that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |
The Company is party to various other claims, legal actions and complaints arising periodically in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, no such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial position or results of operations.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
No change.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
In January 2008, we issued options to purchase 1,200,000 shares of our common stock (each, an Option) at $0.99 per share to each of our Director of Corporate Development and Director of Marketing, in connection with their consulting agreements. Each Option is exercisable for five years, and vests in four equal installments commencing on January 10, 2008 and continuing on each of December 31, 2008, December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2010 (each, an Option Vesting Date); provided that no additional portion of each Option shall vest if Mr. Wallace or Mr. Szolomayer, as the case may be, is not providing services under his consulting agreement as of such Option Vesting Date.
Prior to their January 31, 2008 expiration date, we received $608,000 in connection with the exercise of warrants, at $1.25 per share, from 17 investors, and issued 487,000 shares of common stock.
In February 2008, we agreed to issue 15,000 shares of our common stock, and warrants to purchase an aggregate 15,000 shares of our common stock at $1.50 per share, which warrants would expire three years from the date of issuance in settlement of an account owed to a service provider. Since the date of the settlement, certain facts have come to light, and therefore as of the date of this quarterly report we have not issued the common stock or the warrants.
In March 2008, we commenced a new private offering of up to $1,000,000 of our 10% convertible promissory notes and warrants. We did not receive any proceeds from this offering in the quarter ended March 31, 2008. Subsequent to the end of the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we sold $523,000 aggregate principal amount of notes, and issued warrants to purchase an aggregate 387,509 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 and warrants to purchase an aggregate 387,509 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per share, with the difference in exercise price depending upon the termination date of the exercisability of the warrant, to a total of 23 investors.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we issued warrants to purchase an aggregate 199,999 shares of our common stock to a consultant in exchange for services, pursuant to terms of the contract with the consultant, as follows: a warrant on January 31, 2008 to purchase 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.00 per share; a warrant on January 31, 2008 to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $1.50 per share; a warrant on February 29, 2008 to purchase 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.58 per share; and a warrant on March 31, 2008 to purchase 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.24 per share. The warrants vest immediately and expire three years from the date of issuance.
All of these offerings and sales were made in reliance on the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Exchange Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder as not involving a public offering of securities.
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
None
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Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
None
Item 5. | Other Information |
None
Item 6. | Exhibits |
The exhibits listed below are attached hereto and filed herewith:
Exhibit No. |
Description | |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Quarterly Report Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-15(e) or Rule 15(d)-15(e). | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Quarterly Report Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 | |
32 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Quarterly Report pursuant to Rule 13(a)-15(e) or Rule 15(d)-15(e). |
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.
BIOLARGO, INC. | ||||||||
Date: May 15, 2008 | By: | /s/ DENNIS P. CALVERT | ||||||
Dennis P. Calvert Chief Executive Officer |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. |
Description | |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Quarterly Report Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-15(e) or Rule 15(d)-15(e). | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Quarterly Report Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 | |
32 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Quarterly Report pursuant to Rule 13(a)-15(e) or Rule 15(d)-15(e). |
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