BIOTRICITY INC. - Quarter Report: 2019 December (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the period from ______________ to_______________

Commission file number: 000-56074

BIOTRICITY INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

275 Shoreline Drive, Suite 150

Redwood City, California 94065

(Address of principal executive offices)

(650) 832-1626

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.

Indicate by check whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes [  ] No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 32,593,769 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value, at February 13, 2020. As at that same date, the Company also has 3,788,062 Exchangeable Shares outstanding that convert directly into common shares, which when combined with its Common Stock produce an amount equivalent to 36,381,831 outstanding voting securities.

BIOTRICITY INC.

PART 1

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 – Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2019 (unaudited) and MARCH 31, 2019 (audited)

(Expressed in US Dollars)

Commitments and Contingencies [Note 10]

Subsequent events [Note 11]

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated interim financial statements

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

(Expressed in US Dollars)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018 (UNAUDITED)

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018 (UNAUDITED)

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018 (UNAUDITED)

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018 (UNAUDITED)

BIOTRICITY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 and 2018

(Expressed in US Dollars)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements

BIOTRICITY INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2019 (Unaudited)

(Expressed in US dollars)

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Biotricity Inc. (formerly MetaSolutions, Inc.) (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on August 29, 2012.

The Company is engaged in research and development activities within the remote monitoring segment of preventative care. The Company is focused on a realizable healthcare business model that has an existing market and commercialization pathway. As such, the Company’s efforts to date have been devoted in building technology that enables access to this market through the development of a tangible product.

On February 2, 2016, the Company entered into an exchange agreement with 1061806 BC LTD. (“Callco”), a British Columbia corporation and wholly owned subsidiary (incorporated on February 2, 2016), 1062024 B.C. LTD., a company existing under the laws of the Province of British Columbia (“Exchangeco”), iMedical, and the former shareholders of iMedical Innovations, Inc. (“iMedical”) (the “Exchange Agreement”), whereby Exchangeco acquired 100% of the outstanding common shares of iMedical, taking into account certain shares pursuant to the Exchange Agreement as further explained in Note 7 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. These subsidiaries were solely used for the issuance of exchangeable shares in the reverse takeover transaction and have no other transactions or balances. After giving effect to this transaction, the Company acquired all iMedical’s assets and liabilities and commenced operations through iMedical.

As a result of the share exchange, iMedical became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. This transaction has been accounted for as a reverse merger. Consequently, the assets and liabilities and the historical operations reflected in the consolidated financial statements for the periods prior to February 2, 2016 are those of iMedical and are recorded at the historical cost basis. After February 2, 2016, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the assets and liabilities of both iMedical and the Company and the historical operations of both after that date as one entity.

iMedical was incorporated on July 3, 2014 under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada.

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION, MEASUREMENT AND CONSOLIDATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information and the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of SEC Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Biotricity’s audited financial statements for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 and their accompanying notes.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are expressed in United States dollars (“USD”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented have been reflected herein. Operating results for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending March 31, 2020. The Company’s fiscal year-end is March 31.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Liquidity and Basis of Presentation

The Company is an emerging growth entity that is commercializing its first product, while concurrently in development mode; it is operating a research and development program in order to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize, other proposed products. The Company has incurred recurring losses from operations, and as at December 31, 2019, has an accumulated deficit of $41,531,886 and a working capital deficiency of $1,355,227. During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company launched its first commercial sales program, using an experienced professional in-house sales team. The Company has developed and continues to pursue sources of funding that management believes, if successful, will be sufficient in supporting the Company’s operating plan and alleviate any substantial doubt as to its ability to meet its obligations at least for one year from the date these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. As an example of this, pursuant to previously disclosed plans, the Company issued $6 million in preferred stock during the three months ended December 31, 2019. The Company has also issued promissory note and other net short-term funding, $4,261,810 of which was outstanding as at December 31, 2019 (Note 7). Since commencing commercialization of its first product, the Company has also demonstrated in each successive reporting period that the technology fee revenues earned through commercialization of this product recur and grow, on the basis of continued and growing market penetration of its sales, and growing and recurring utilization of its technology services.

The Company’s operating plan is predicated on a variety of assumptions including, but not limited to, the level of product demand, cost estimates, its ability to continue to raise additional financing and the state of the general economic environment in which the Company operates. There can be no assurance that these assumptions will prove to be accurate in all material respects, or that the Company will be able to successfully execute its operating plan. In the absence of additional appropriate financing, the Company may have to modify its operating plan or slow down the pace of development and commercialization of its proposed products.

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Areas involving significant estimates and assumptions include deferred income tax assets and related valuation allowance, accruals and valuation of derivatives, convertible promissory notes, stock options, and assumptions used in the going concern assessment. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These estimates are reviewed periodically, and, as adjustments become necessary, they are reported in earnings in the period in which they become known.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The Company has adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 260-10 which provides for calculation of “basic” and “diluted” earnings per share. Basic earnings per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of an entity. Diluted earnings per share exclude all potentially dilutive shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. There were no potentially dilutive shares outstanding as at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands required disclosure about fair value measurements of assets and liabilities. ASC 820-10 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820-10 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

● Level 1 – Valuation based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

● Level 2 – Valuation based on quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets.

● Level 3 – Valuation based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, therefore requiring management’s best estimate of what market participants would use as fair value.

In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management. The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments or interest rates that are comparable to market rates. These financial instruments include cash, accounts receivable, deposits and other receivables, convertible promissory notes and short-term loans, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and derivative liabilities. The Company’s cash and derivative liabilities, which are carried at fair values, are classified as a Level 1 and Level 2, respectively. The Company’s bank accounts are maintained with financial institutions of reputable credit, therefore, bear minimal credit risk.

Leases

On April 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) to replace existing lease accounting guidance. This pronouncement is intended to provide enhanced transparency and comparability by requiring lessees to record right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet for most leases. Expenses associated with leases will continue to be recognized in a manner like previous accounting guidance. The Company adopted ASC 842 utilizing the transition practical expedient added by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), which eliminates the requirement that entities apply the new lease standard to the comparative periods presented in the year of adoption.

The Company is the lessee in a lease contract when the Company obtains the right to use the asset. Operating leases are included in the line items right-of-use asset, lease obligation, current, and lease obligation, long-term in the consolidated balance sheet. Right-of-use (“ROU”) asset represents the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease obligations represent the Company’s obligations to make lease payments arising from the lease, both of which are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. Leases with a lease term of 12 months or less at inception are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term in our consolidated statement of income. The Company determines the lease term by agreement with lessor. As our lease does not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. Refer to Note 9 for further discussion.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Changes to Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements”, which will improve the effectiveness of disclosure requirements for recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. The standard removes, modifies, and adds certain disclosure requirements, and is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company will be evaluating the impact this standard will have on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement (FASB ASU 2018-07) to expand the scope of ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has completed the assessment and there is no significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

On April 1, 2018, the Company adopted the accounting pronouncement issued by the FASB to clarify how entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. This guidance requires entities to show changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the combined statement of cash flows. This guidance was adopted on a retrospective basis, and such adoption did not have a material impact on combined financial position and/or results of operations.

In July 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-11 (“ASU 2017-11”), which addressed accounting for (I) certain financial instruments with down round features and (II) replacement of the indefinite deferral for mandatorily redeemable financial instruments of certain nonpublic entities and certain mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests with a scope exception. The main provisions of Part I of ASU 2017-11 “change the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity instruments, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. The amendments also clarify existing disclosure requirements for equity-classified instruments. As a result, a freestanding equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded conversion option) no longer would be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of the existence of a down round feature. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendments require entities that present earnings per share (EPS) to recognize the effect of the down round feature when it is triggered. That effect is treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS.” Under previous US GAAP, warrants with a down round feature are not being considered indexed to the entity’s own stock, which results in classification of the warrant as a derivative liability. Under ASU 2017-11, the down round feature qualifies for a scope exception from derivative treatment. ASU 2017-11 is effective for public companies as of December 15, 2018 and interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period, with adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year. The Company has issued financial instruments with down round features. The Company opted to adopt ASU 2017-11 in its three-month interim period ended September 30, 2017, which is effective from April 1, 2017, with adjustments reflected in the accumulated deficit of stockholders’ deficiency as of April 1, 2017. Please refer to Note 6.

The amendments in this Update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update do not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The amendments in this Update should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. Management does not expect to have a significant impact of this ASU on the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

4. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Accounts payable as at December 31, 2019, and March 31, 2019 include 203,719 and 277,278, respectively, due to a shareholder and executive of the Company, primarily as a result of that individual’s role as an employee. These amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and payable on demand.

5. CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTES 

Prior to April 1, 2016, pursuant to a term sheet offering of up to $2,000,000, the Company issued convertible promissory notes to various accredited investors amounting to $1,368,978 in face value. These notes had a maturity date of 24 months and carried an annual interest rate of 11%. The note holders had the right to convert any outstanding and unpaid principal portion of the note, and accrued interest, into fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock any time until the note was fully paid. The notes had a conversion price initially set at $1.78. Upon any future financings completed by the Company, the conversion price was to reset to 75% of the future financing pricing. These notes did not contain prepayment penalties upon redemption. These notes were secured by all the present and after acquired property of the Company. However, the Company could force conversion of these notes, if during the term of the agreement, the Company completed a public listing and the common share price exceeded the conversion price for at least 20 consecutive trading days. At the closing of the notes, the Company paid cash (7%) and issued warrants (7% of the number of common shares into which the notes may be converted) to a broker. The broker received 3% in cash and warrants for those investors introduced by the Company. The warrants had a term of 24 months and a similar reset provision based on future financings.

Pursuant to the conversion provisions in promissory notes existing at that time, in August 2016, promissory notes in the aggregate face value of $1,368,978 were converted into 912,652 shares of common stock as detailed below. The fair value of the common shares was $2,907,912 and $1,538,934 was allocated to the related derivative liabilities (see note 6) and the balance to the carrying value of the notes.

In March 2016, the Company commenced a bridge offering of up to an aggregate of $2,500,000 of convertible promissory notes. Up to March 31, 2017, the Company issued, to various investors, a new series of convertible notes (“Bridge Notes”) in the aggregate face value of $2,455,000 (December 31, 2016 – $2,230,000). The Bridge Notes had a maturity date of 12 months from issuance and carried an annual interest rate of 10%. The Bridge Notes principal and all outstanding accrued interest were convertible into common stock based on the average of the lowest 3 trading days volume weighted average price over the last 10 trading days plus an embedded warrant at maturity. However, all the outstanding principal and accrued interest would convert into units/securities upon the consummation of a qualified financing, based upon the lesser of: (i) $1.65 per units/securities and (ii) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the balance on the forced conversion date multiplied by 1.20 by (y) the actual price per unit/security in the qualified financing. Upon the maturity date of the notes, the Company also has an obligation to issue warrants exercisable into a number of shares of the Company securities equal to (i) in the case of a qualified financing, the number of shares issued upon conversion of the note and (ii) in all other cases, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the outstanding balance by 2.00.

In connection with the Bridge Notes offering, the accreted value of this offering was as follows as at March 31, 2017:

On May 31, 2017, all Bridge Notes, having a face value of $2,436,406, were converted into Units of a private placement offering of the Company’s common stock:

The embedded conversion features and reset feature in the notes and broker warrants were initially accounted for as a derivative liability based on FASB guidance that was current at that time (see Note 6).

During the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company borrowed $2,231,652, in promissory notes from certain of its accredited investors, in addition to $867,699 borrowed during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019. These notes are generally for a 1-year term at interest rates of between 10%, and 12% with allowance for the Company to repay early, and the possibility to convert into equity on the basis of mutual consent. Management has evaluated the terms of these notes in accordance with the guidance provided by ASC 470 and ASC 815 and concluded that there is no derivative or beneficial conversion feature attached to these notes. Pursuant to certain promissory notes issuance, warrants to purchase the Company’s shares of common stock were granted, and the Company has determined the fair value of those warrants and bifurcated $68,057 from the proceeds received during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 with a credit to additional paid-in capital. (Note 7). For the nine months ended December 31, 2019, accretion of interest in the amount of $26,058 was charged to the statement of operations.

On December 31, 2019, the Company has also borrowed $1,204,458 from certain of its investors on a short-term basis pending issuance of additional convertible promissory notes, doing so at interest rates between zero and 10%.

General and administrative expenses include interest expense on the above notes of $113,781 and $211,963, respectively, for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 (nil for the corresponding periods of 2018).

6. DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES

The Accounting Pronouncements ASU 2017-11 provided a change to the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity instruments, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2017-11 to account for the down round features of its warrants issued with its private placements effective April 1, 2017. The Company used a modified retrospective approach to adoption, which does not restate its financial statements as at the prior year end, March 31, 2017. Adoption is effective as of April 1, 2017, the beginning of the Company’s current fiscal year. The cumulative effect of this accounting standard update adjusted accumulated deficit as of April 1, 2017 by $483,524, with a corresponding adjustment to derivative liabilities:

The impact on the unaudited June 30, 2017 Balance Sheet and Statement of Operations is as follows:

In connection with the sale of debt or equity instruments, the Company may sell options or warrants to purchase its common stock. In certain circumstances, these options or warrants have previously been classified as derivative liabilities, rather than as equity. Additionally, the debt or equity instruments may contain embedded derivative instruments, which in certain circumstances may be required to be bifurcated from the associated host instrument and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument liability.

Previously, the Company’s derivative instrument liabilities were re-valued at the end of each reporting period, with changes in the fair value of the derivative liability recorded as charges or credits to income in the period in which the changes occurred. For options, warrants and bifurcated embedded derivative features that were accounted for as derivative instrument liabilities, the Company estimated fair value using either quoted market prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics or other valuation techniques. The valuation techniques require assumptions related to the remaining term of the instruments and risk-free rates of return, our current common stock price and expected dividend yield, and the expected volatility of our common stock price over the life of the option. The details of derivative liabilities (pre and post adoption of ASU 2017-11) were as follows:

The lattice methodology was used to value the derivative components, using the following assumptions:

The projected annual volatility curve for valuation at issuance and period end was based on the comparable company’s annual volatility. The Company used market trade stock prices at issuance and period end date.

As explained in Note 7, during the three months ended December 31, 2019, pursuant to issuance of shares of its Series A preferred stock, the Company analyzed the compound features of variable conversion and redemption embedded in this instrument, for potential derivative accounting treatment on the basis of ASC 820–10–35–37 (Fair Value in Financial Instruments), ASC 815 (Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities) and Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 00–19 and EITF 07–05, and determined that the embedded derivatives should be bundled and valued as a single, compound embedded derivative, bifurcated from the underlying equity instrument and treated as a derivative liability, to be measured at fair value.

The lattice methodology was used to value the derivative components, using the following assumptions:

7. STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

a) Authorized stock

As at December 31, 2019, the Company is authorized to issue 125,000,000 (March 31, 2019 – 125,000,000) shares of common stock ($0.001 par value), and 10,000,000 (March 31, 2019 – 10,000,000) shares of preferred stock ($0.001 par value), 20,000 of which (March 31, 2019 – nil) are designated shares of Series A preferred stock ($0.001 par value).

At December 31, 2019, there were 32,410,330 (March 31, 2019 – 31,048,571) shares of common stock issued and outstanding. Additionally, at December 31, 2019, there were 3,881,423 (March 31, 2019 – 4,313,085) outstanding exchangeable shares. There is currently also one share of the Special Voting Preferred Stock issued and outstanding held by one holder of record, which is the Trustee in accordance with the terms of the Trust Agreement.

In December 2019, the Company issued 6,000 shares of Series A preferred stock, which was outstanding as at December 31, 2019.

b) Exchange Agreement

As initially described in Note 1 above, on February 2, 2016:

Issuance of common stock, exchangeable shares and cancellation of shares in connection with the reverse takeover transaction as explained above represents recapitalization of capital retroactively adjusting the accounting acquirer’s legal capital to reflect the legal capital of the accounting acquiree.

c) Share issuances

Share issuances during the year ended March 31, 2019

During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company issued common shares as part of series of closings under a registered offering, which raised gross proceeds of $3,718,010 through the issuance of 2,635,353 common shares. Issuance costs pursuant to this offering amounted to $80,000.

During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company also issued an aggregate of 641,329 common stock and has recognized its obligation to issue a further 41,835 shares of common stock (see paragraph d, below), to various consultants. The fair value of these shares determined by using the market price of the common stock as at the date of issuance amounted to $1,145,455 were recognized as general and administrative and research and development expenses, as applicable, in the statement of operations, with corresponding credit to common shares, shares to be issued and additional paid-in-capital, respectively.

During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company also issued an aggregate of 227,428 shares of its common stock upon exercise of employee stock options and warrants; it received $50,835 of exercise cash proceeds.

Share issuances during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019

In December 2019, the Company issued 6,000 shares of Series A preferred stock in a private placement for gross proceeds of $6,000,000 (also refer to Note 6). The shares are convertible into common stock of the Company at a conversion price equal to the greater of $0.001 or a 15% discount to the 5-day volume weighted price at the time of conversion. The conversion rights commence 24 months after issuance, but conversion is limited to 5% of the aggregate purchase price of the holder on a monthly basis thereafter. Alternatively, the shares are convertible into common stock at a 15% discount to any qualified future common stock financing conducted by the Company. The Company may redeem the shares after 1 year for 110% of the purchase price plus accrued dividends. The company has accrued preferred stock dividends in amount of $23,761 for period ended December 31, 2019.

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company issued common shares as part of a series of closings under a registered offering, for gross proceeds of nil and $28,566, respectively, through the issuance of nil and 47,585 common shares during those respective periods.

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company also issued an aggregate of 200,000 and 882,512 shares of its common stock, respectively, as compensation. The fair value of these shares, in amount of $158,687 and $552,848, was determined by using the market price of the common stock as at the date of issuance and the Company has recognized the expenses with corresponding credit to common shares and additional paid-in-capital for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 respectively.

d) Shares to be issued

At December 31, 2019, the Company had recognized its obligation to issue a total of 102,578 shares of its common stock to a consultant and two sales and production advisors as compensation. The fair value of these shares amounted to $64,312 and has been expensed to research and development expenses and share-based compensation in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations, with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in-capital. The fair value of these shares was determined by using the market price of the common stock as at the date of issuance.

e) Warrant issuances and exercises

Warrant issuances during the year ended March 31, 2019

During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company issued 849,601 warrants as compensation for advisor and consultant services, which were fair valued at $467,411 and expensed in general and administrative expenses, with a corresponding credit to additional paid in capital. Their fair value has been estimated using a multi-nominal lattice model with an expected life of 2 to 3 years, a risk-free rate ranging from 2.13% to 2.81%, stock price of $0.48 to $4.15 and expected volatility of 97.8% to 141.1%.

Warrant issuances during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company issued 568,000 and 963,100 warrants, respectively, as compensation for advisor and consultant services and certain promissory noteholders (Note 5), which were fair valued at $93,809 and $193,433, respectively. Warrants issued to advisors and consultants were expensed in general and administrative expenses and amounted to $25,752 and $125,376, respectively, for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019. Warrants issued to promissory notes holders were credited to additional paid-in capital in amount of $68,057 (Note 5). Their fair value has been estimated using a multi-nomial lattice model with an expected life of 2 to 3 years, risk free rates of 1.39% to 1.59%, stock price of $0.55 to $0.60 and expected volatility of 116.5% to 129.4%.

Warrant exercises during the year ended March 31, 2019

During the year ended March 31, 2019, 62,838 warrants issued to consultants and advisors were exercised at an average exercise price of $0.81, such that the Company received cash proceeds of $50,835.

Warrant exercises during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019

No warrants were exercised during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019.

Warrant issuances, exercises and expirations or cancellations during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and preceding periods resulted in warrants outstanding at the end of those respective periods as follows: