BV Financial, Inc. - Annual Report: 2009 (Form 10-K)

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United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009

OR

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 0-51014

BV FINANCIAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (410) 477-5000

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.     Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.     Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such filed).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ¨    No  x

        The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates at December 31, 2008 was $3.51 million, based upon the closing price of $4.25 as quoted on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board for December 31, 2008. Solely for purposes of this calculation, the shares held by Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. and the directors and executive officers of the issuer are deemed to be held by affiliates.

As of September 17, 2009, the issuer had 2,407,631 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K.

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This report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws that are based on assumptions and may describe future plans, strategies and expectations of BV Financial, Inc. (the “Company” or “BV Financial”), Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. and Bay-Vanguard Federal Savings Bank (“Bay-Vanguard Federal”). These forward-looking statements are generally identified by terms such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates,” “projects” and similar expressions.

Management’s ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on the operations of BV Financial and its subsidiaries include, but are not limited to, the following: interest rate trends; the general economic climate in the market area in which we operate, as well as nationwide; our ability to control costs and expenses; competitive products and pricing; loan delinquency rates and changes in federal and state legislation and regulation. Additional factors that may affect our results are discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Item 1A—Risk Factors.” These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating the forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. BV Financial does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions, which may be made to any forward-looking statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.

PART I

General

BV Financial is a federally-chartered savings and loan holding company established in January 2005 to be the holding company for Bay-Vanguard Federal, a federally-chartered savings bank. BV Financial’s business activity is the ownership of the outstanding capital stock of Bay-Vanguard Federal. BV Financial does not own or lease any property but instead uses the premises, equipment and other property of Bay-Vanguard Federal. In the future, BV Financial may acquire or organize other operating subsidiaries; however, there are no current plans, arrangements, agreements or understandings, written or oral, to do so.

Bay-Vanguard Federal is the product of an April 1, 1996 merger of Bay Federal Savings and Loan Association and Vanguard Federal Savings and Loan Association. Bay Federal Savings and Loan Association was incorporated in 1873 as a Maryland-chartered savings and loan association operating under the name Light Street Savings and Building Association of Baltimore City, later converting to a federal charter. Bay Federal Savings and Loan Association had three full-service banking offices at the time of the merger. Vanguard Federal Savings and Loan Association was incorporated in 1959 as a Maryland-chartered savings and loan association operating under the name Vanguard Savings and Loan Association. Vanguard Savings and Loan Association converted to a federal charter in 1987. Vanguard Federal Savings and Loan Association had one full-service banking office at the time of the merger.

We operate as a community-oriented financial institution offering traditional financial services to consumers and businesses in our market area. We attract deposits from the general public and use those funds to originate one- to four-family real estate, mobile home, construction, multi-family, commercial real estate, and consumer loans, which we hold for investment.

Our website address is www.bayvanguard.com. Information on our website should not be considered a part of this annual report.

Market Area

We are headquartered in Baltimore County, Maryland. In addition to our main office, we operate two branch offices in Baltimore City and two branch offices in Anne Arundel County, one of which we acquired in August 2007 from Greater Atlantic Bank. We consider Baltimore City, Baltimore County and Anne Arundel County to be our primary market area. The economy of our market area reflects a diverse cross-section of employment

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sectors. The economies of Baltimore City, Baltimore County and Anne Arundel County are primarily geared toward the service, trade, government, financial services and manufacturing sectors. However, because of the Fort Meade Installation and the state government in Annapolis, Anne Arundel County has a stronger concentration of government employees. Additionally, Baltimore and Anne Arundel Counties reported a higher level of construction employment than Baltimore City, reflecting the level of growth in those counties. According to the United States Census Bureau, the population of Baltimore City, Baltimore County and Anne Arundel County in 2008 was estimated to be approximately 637,000, 786,000 and 513,000, respectively. The economy of our market area is strongest in suburban Anne Arundel County, which has experienced higher growth rates in population and households while maintaining low unemployment rates. Baltimore City, on the other hand, has seen its population and households decrease, which is reflective of the urban shift to suburban markets for job opportunities. Baltimore City also has a higher concentration of blue collar workers, lower per capita income levels and a higher level of unemployment than the state or national averages.

Competition

We face significant competition for the attraction of deposits and origination of loans. Our most direct competition for deposits has historically come from the several financial institutions operating in our market area and, to a lesser extent, from other financial service companies such as brokerage firms, credit unions and insurance companies. We also face competition for investors’ funds from money market funds, mutual funds and other corporate and government securities. At June 30, 2008, which is the most recent date for which data is available from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, we held approximately 0.29% of the deposits in the Baltimore-Towson, Maryland Metropolitan Statistical Area, which was the 41^st largest market share out of the 78 financial institutions with offices in this metropolitan statistical area. In addition, banks owned by large bank holding companies such as Bank of America Corporation, Wachovia Corporation, M&T Bank Corporation, PNC Financial Services Group, Inc., BB&T Corporation and Sun Trust Banks, Inc. also operate in our market area. These institutions are much larger than us and, therefore, have significantly greater resources that allow them to offer a wider variety of products and services.

Our competition for loans comes primarily from financial institutions in our market area, and, to a lesser extent, from other financial service providers such as mortgage companies and mortgage brokers. Competition for loans also comes from the increasing number of non-depository financial service companies entering the mortgage market such as insurance companies, securities companies and specialty finance companies.

We expect competition to increase in the future as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and the continuing trend of consolidation in the financial services industry. Technological advances, for example, have lowered the barriers to market entry, allowed banks to expand their geographic reach by providing services over the Internet and made it possible for non-depository institutions to offer products and services that traditionally have been provided by banks. Changes in federal law permit affiliation among banks, securities firms and insurance companies, which promotes a competitive environment in the financial services industry. Competition for deposits and the origination of loans could limit our future growth.

Lending Activities

General. Our loan portfolio consists primarily of one- to four-family residential real estate loans. To a much lesser extent, our loan portfolio includes mobile home loans, construction loans, multi-family, commercial real estate loans, and consumer loans. Bay-Vanguard Federal historically originated and currently originates loans only for investment purposes. At June 30, 2009, Bay-Vanguard Federal had no loans that were held for sale.

One- to Four-Family Residential Real Estate Loans. Our primary lending activity is the origination of mortgage loans to enable borrowers to purchase or refinance existing homes in our market area. We only offer fixed- and adjustable- rate mortgage loans primarily with terms of 15, 20 or 30 years. We offer adjustable-rate mortgage loans with interest rates and payments that adjust annually or every three years. Interest rates and payments on our adjustable-rate loans generally are adjusted to a rate equal to a percentage above the one year U.S. Treasury index. The maximum amount by which the interest rate may be increased or decreased is generally 200

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basis points per adjustment period and the lifetime interest rate cap is generally 600 basis points over the initial interest rate of the loan. The loan fees charged, interest rates and other provisions of mortgage loans are determined by us on the basis of our own pricing criteria and competitive market conditions.

Borrower demand for adjustable-rate loans compared to fixed-rate loans is a function of the level of interest rates, the expectations of changes in the level of interest rates, and the difference between the interest rates and loan fees offered for fixed-rate mortgage loans as compared to the interest rates and loan fees for adjustable-rate loans. The relative amount of fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgage loans that can be originated at any time is largely determined by the demand for each in a competitive environment.

While one- to four-family residential real estate loans are normally originated with up to 30-year terms, such loans typically remain outstanding for substantially shorter periods because borrowers often prepay their loans in full upon sale of the property pledged as security or upon refinancing the original loan. Therefore, average loan maturity is a function of, among other factors, the level of purchase and sale activity in the real estate market, prevailing interest rates and the interest rates payable on outstanding loans.

We generally make loans with loan-to-value ratios that do not exceed 80%; however, we may make loans with a loan-to-value ratio up to 97% when secured by first liens on owner-occupied one- to four-family residences. Loans with loan-to-value ratios in excess of 80% generally require private mortgage insurance or additional collateral. We require all properties securing mortgage loans to be appraised by a board-approved independent licensed appraiser. We also require title insurance on all first mortgage loans. Borrowers must obtain hazard insurance and flood insurance for loans on property located in a flood zone before closing the loan.

We originate second mortgage loans on one- to four-family residential real estate properties under the same underwriting criteria utilized for our originations of one- to four-family real estate loans. We make second mortgage loans with a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 80% of the appraised value of the property, less the outstanding balance of the first mortgage.

We also originate home equity loans and lines of credit. Home equity lines of credit have adjustable rates of interest that are indexed to the prime rate as reported in The Wall Street Journal. Home equity loans are fixed-rate loans. We will generally offer home equity loans and lines of credit with a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 80% of the appraised value of the property, less the then outstanding balance on the first mortgage. A home equity line of credit may be drawn down by the borrower for an initial period of ten years from the date of the loan agreement. After the initial draw period, the line of credit is reviewed and may, at our sole discretion, be renewed for another ten-year period. If the line is not renewed, the amount outstanding must be repaid over the remaining fifteen-year term.

Mobile Home Loans. We originate mobile home loans directly and purchase mobile home loans from Forward National and Mainland Financial, which specialize in mobile home lending. At June 30, 2009, 13.6% of our mobile home portfolio was originated by us directly and 70.4% and 16.0% was purchased from Forward National and Mainland Financial, respectively. Our mobile home loans, which are made primarily to borrowers in Maryland and Pennsylvania, have terms of up to 25 years and fixed interest rates. We generally will finance up to a maximum of 90% of the value of the mobile home. We require that the borrower obtain hazard insurance. At June 30, 2009, we had 340 mobile home loans, the average size of which was approximately $34,000.

In April 2000, we began purchasing mobile home loans from Forward National. Forward National assembles credit applications from third parties and provides such applications for our underwriting review. We then have the opportunity to accept or reject the loan contemplated by each credit application. If we agree to purchase a loan, we must notify Forward National of the minimum rate of interest we will accept on the loan. Forward National will then seek to originate the loan with the third party at an interest rate exceeding the interest rate agreed to by us. Once Forward National provides us with the original executed loan, we then purchase the loan from Forward National. Forward National assigns to us its right, title and interest in the loan, its collateral and all payments under the loan.

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While we service the mobile home loans we purchase from Forward National, subject to our direction, Forward National handles all delinquencies and collections on the loans at its expense. Forward National is advanced funds equal to the amount by which the interest rate on a loan we ultimately purchase exceeds the interest rate we prescribed to Forward National. Forward National is then required to place half of that amount in a deposit account with us. This amount is recorded as a deposit on our financial statements. Additionally, the entire amount we compensate Forward National is recorded as prepaid dealer interest, which is included in the loan balance and amortized in the same manner as deferred loan origination fees. If a loan amortizes fully and the borrower pays as agreed, Forward National receives all of the funds related to that loan in the deposit account. However, if the mobile home is repossessed or prepaid, the amount of interest on such loan that otherwise would have been paid by the borrower and that has been previously advanced to Forward National by us is returned to us by Forward National. The deposit account is used to fund (1) any costs of collections incurred on the loans we purchased from Forward National and (2) losses related to repossessions of these mobile home units. Any debits to this account are recorded as a deposit withdrawal on our financial statements. Forward National has no right to make withdrawals from the deposit account. Thus, we may accrue excess balances and apply them against any future charges we incur related to Forward National collections and repossessions.

In February 2007, we began purchasing mobile home loans from Mainland Financial under the same terms and conditions as our agreement with Forward National with the exception of how delinquencies are handled. Delinquencies and collections are handled by us at our expense with the assistance of Mainland Financial. However, the deposit account is used to fund losses related to repossessions of these mobile home units.

The following table presents the activity and dollar amounts available to fund losses related to repossessions in the Forward National and Mainland Financial deposit accounts during the periods indicated.

Construction Loans. We originate loans to individuals and, to a lesser extent, builders to finance the construction of residential dwellings. We also make construction loans for commercial development projects, including condominiums, apartment buildings, mixed-use properties with residential units, as well as retail space and owner-occupied properties used for business. Our construction loans generally provide for the payment of interest only during the construction phase, which is usually 12 months. At the end of the construction period, the loan generally converts into a permanent loan. With regard to construction loans that do not convert into permanent financing, the borrower is required to provide evidence of permanent financing by a qualified third party upon completion of the construction. Loans generally can be made with a loan-to-value ratio of up to 80% of the completed project. Before making a commitment to fund a construction loan, we require an appraisal of the property by a board-approved independent licensed appraiser. We also require an inspection of the property before disbursement of the funds during the term of the construction.

At June 30, 2009, the largest residential construction loan commitment was for $525,000, of which $475,000 was outstanding. This loan was performing according to its terms at June 30, 2009.

At June 30, 2009, the largest commercial construction loan commitment was for $1.8 million, $1.6 million of which was outstanding. This loan was performing according to its terms at June 30, 2009.

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Multi-Family and Commercial Real Estate Loans. We offer fixed rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans secured by multi-family and commercial real estate. Our multi-family and commercial real estate loans are generally secured by condominiums, apartment buildings and mixed-use properties with residential units, as well as retail space.

We originate multi-family and commercial real estate loans for terms up to 25 years. Interest rates and payments on our adjustable-rate loans adjust every three, five or seven years after an initial three-, five- or seven- year period to a rate typically equal to 3-3.5% above the three-, five- or seven-year constant maturity Treasury index. There are no adjustment period or lifetime interest rate caps. Loan amounts generally do not exceed 75% of the appraised value. We require all properties securing multi-family and commercial real estate loans to be appraised by a board-approved independent licensed appraiser. Multi-family and commercial real estate loans also are generally supported by personal guarantees. At June 30, 2009, the largest multi-family and commercial real estate loan was a $1.9 million loan. This loan is secured by a waterfront restaurant building in Baltimore, Maryland and was performing according to its terms at June 30, 2009.

We also originate loans secured by undeveloped and developed land. Land loans are offered with a five-year term based on an amortization term of 15 years. A balloon payment for the principal plus any accrued interest is due at the end of the five-year period. Additionally, we offer fixed-rate fully-amortized land loans with terms of 15 years. Land loans generally can be made with a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 75%. Loans secured by undeveloped land or improved lots generally involve greater risks than residential mortgage lending because land loans are more difficult to evaluate. If the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, in the event of default and foreclosure, we may be confronted with a property the value which is insufficient to assure full repayment.

Other Consumer Loans. Our consumer loans are primarily loans secured by passbook or certificate accounts, automobile and boat loans and secured personal loans. The procedures for underwriting consumer loans include an assessment of the applicant’s payment history on other debts and ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. Although the applicant’s creditworthiness is a primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the collateral, if any, to the proposed loan amount.

Loan Underwriting Risks. While we anticipate that adjustable-rate loans will better offset the adverse effects of an increase in interest rates as compared to fixed-rate mortgages, the increased mortgage payments required of adjustable-rate loan borrowers in a rising interest rate environment could cause an increase in delinquencies and defaults. The marketability of the underlying property also may be adversely affected in a high interest rate environment. In addition, although adjustable-rate mortgage loans help make our loan portfolio more responsive to changes in interest rates, the extent of this interest sensitivity is limited by the annual and lifetime interest rate adjustment limits.

Mobile home lending generally entails greater risk than traditional residential mortgage lending. Loans secured by mobile homes involve more credit risk than mortgage loans because of the type and nature of the collateral, which depreciates over time, and because mobile home borrowers, on average, tend to have lower incomes than our residential mortgage borrowers. In many cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted mobile home loan will not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance because of depreciation or improper repair and maintenance of the underlying security. Our arrangement with Forward National and Mainland Financial substantially mitigates the risks normally associated with mobile home lending. However, if Forward National or Mainland Financial ceases doing business or terminates their arrangement with us, we would likely need to hire additional staff to service our mobile home loan portfolio.

Construction financing is generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk of loss than long-term financing on improved, occupied real estate. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the property’s value at completion of construction and the estimated cost (including interest) of construction. During the construction phase, a number of factors could result in delays and cost overruns. If the estimate of construction costs proves to be inaccurate, we may be required to advance funds beyond the amount originally committed to permit completion of the building. If the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, we may be confronted, at or before the maturity of the loan, with a building having a value that is insufficient to assure full repayment. If we are forced to foreclose on a building before or at completion due to a default, there can be no

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assurance that we will be able to recover all of the unpaid balance of, and accrued interest on, the loan as well as related foreclosure and holding costs. In addition, we make loans to home builders who, at the time of loan origination, have not yet secured an end buyer for the home under construction. These loans typically carry higher risks than those associated with traditional construction loans. These increased risks arise because of the risk that there will be inadequate demand to ensure the sale of the property within an acceptable time. As a result, in addition to the risks associated with traditional construction loans, speculative construction loans carry the added risk that the builder will have to pay the property taxes and other carrying costs of the property until an end buyer is found.

Loans secured by multi-family and commercial real estate generally have larger balances and involve a greater degree of risk than one- to four-family residential real estate loans. Of primary concern in multi-family and commercial real estate lending is the borrower’s creditworthiness and the feasibility and cash flow potential of the project. Payments on loans secured by income properties often depend on the successful operation and management of the properties. As a result, repayment of such loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy to a greater extent than residential real estate loans. To monitor cash flows on income properties, we require borrowers and loan guarantors, if any, to provide annual financial statements on multi-family and commercial real estate loans. In reaching a decision on whether to make a multi-family or commercial real estate loan, we consider the net operating income of the property, the borrower’s expertise, credit history and profitability and the value of the underlying property. In addition, with respect to commercial real estate rental properties, we will also consider the term of the lease and the credit quality of the tenants. We have generally required that the properties securing these real estate loans have debt service coverage ratios (the ratio of earnings before debt service to debt service) of at least 1.2x.

Consumer loans may entail greater risk than do residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans that are secured by assets that depreciate rapidly. In such cases, repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment for the outstanding loan and the remaining deficiency often does not warrant further substantial collection efforts against the borrower. In addition, consumer loan collections depend on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and therefore are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount that can be recovered on such loans.

Loan Originations, Purchases and Sales. Loan originations come from a number of sources. The primary sources of loan originations include existing customers, our in-house loan originators, advertising, referrals from customers and personal contacts by our staff. We currently utilize local mortgage brokers to assist with loan originations. We generally retain all of the loans that we originate for our portfolio; however, we will sell participation interests to local financial institutions, primarily on the portion of loans that exceed our legal lending limit. We sold $3.3 million and $890,000 of participation interests in fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively.

From time to time, we purchase participation interests, primarily commercial real estate loans. At June 30, 2009 and 2008, we had approximately $6.2 million and $7.1 million of purchased participation loans, respectively. We perform our own underwriting analysis on each of our participation interests before purchasing such loans and therefore believe there is no greater risk of default on these obligations. However, in a purchased participation loan, we do not service the loan and thus are subject to the policies and practices of the lead lender with regard to monitoring delinquencies, pursuing collections and instituting foreclosure proceedings. We are permitted to review all of the documentation relating to any loan in which we participate, including any annual financial statements provided by a borrower. Additionally, we receive periodic updates on the loan from the lead lender.

In addition to purchasing participation interests, we purchased $283,000 and $660,000 of mobile home loans from Forward National in fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively. We purchased $530,000 and $869,000 of mobile home loans from Mainland Financial in fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively. We performed the underwriting on these mobile home loans.

Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. We follow written, non-discriminatory, underwriting standards and loan origination procedures established by our board of directors and management. Loans up to $500,000 require the approval of two of five members of an employee loan committee, consisting of the President

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and Chief Executive Officer, the Chairman and Chief Financial Officer and three Senior Vice Presidents. Loans up to $750,000 require the approval of three of the members of the employee loan committee. All extensions of credit that exceed $750,000 in the aggregate require the approval of either the Executive Committee of the board of directors or the full board of directors.

Loans to One Borrower. The maximum amount that we may lend to one borrower and the borrower’s related entities is limited by regulation to generally 15% of our unimpaired capital and surplus. At June 30, 2009, our regulatory limit on loans to one borrower was $1.4 million. At that date, our largest lending relationship was a $1.9 million loan secured by a waterfront restaurant building in Baltimore, Maryland originated in 2006. At the time of origination, this loan did not exceed our legal lending limit. That loan was performing according to its original terms at June 30, 2009.

Loan Commitments. We issue commitments for fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events. Commitments to originate mortgage loans are legally binding agreements to lend to our customers and generally expire in 60 days.

Investment Activities

We have legal authority to invest in various types of liquid assets, including U.S. Treasury obligations, securities of various federal agencies and municipal governments, deposits at the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta and certificates of deposit of federally insured institutions. Within certain regulatory limits, we also may invest a portion of our assets in mutual funds. We also are required to maintain an investment in Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta stock. While we have the authority under applicable law to invest in derivative securities, our investment policy does not permit this investment. We had no investments in derivative securities at June 30, 2009.

At June 30, 2009, our investment portfolio totaled $13.8 million and consisted primarily of U.S. Treasury obligations and federal agency securities, mortgage-backed securities issued primarily by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae, and a mutual fund that invests in adjustable-rate mortgages.

Our investment objectives are to provide and maintain liquidity, to establish an acceptable level of interest rate and credit risk, to provide an alternate source of low-risk investments when demand for loans is weak and to generate a favorable return. Our board of directors has the overall responsibility for the investment portfolio, including approval of our investment policy. The board of directors is also responsible for the implementation of the investment policy and monitoring our investment performance. Individual investment transactions, portfolio composition and performance are reviewed and ratified by our board of directors monthly.

Deposit Activities and Other Sources of Funds

General. Deposits and loan repayments are the major sources of our funds for lending and other investment purposes. Loan repayments are a relatively stable source of funds, while deposit inflows and outflows are significantly influenced by general interest rates and money market conditions.

Deposit Accounts. Substantially all of our depositors are residents of the State of Maryland. Deposits are attracted from within our market area through the offering of a broad selection of deposit instruments, including checking accounts, NOW and money market accounts, passbook and savings accounts and certificates of deposit. Additionally, our customers may use any M&T Bank ATM without a surcharge. At June 30, 2009, core deposits, which consist of savings, NOW and money market accounts, comprised 49.0% of our deposits. We do not utilize brokered funds. Deposit account terms vary according to the minimum balance required, the time periods the funds must remain on deposit and the interest rate, among other factors. In determining the terms of our deposit accounts, we consider the rates offered by our competition, our liquidity needs, profitability to us, matching deposit and loan products and customer preferences and concerns. We generally review our deposit mix and pricing monthly. We use our money market account as a primary source of liquidity. Consequently, when we require additional liquidity we will offer the highest rates in our market area. When we do not require liquidity, our money market account rates are competitive. With regard to other deposit products, our current strategy is to offer competitive rates, and even higher rates on checking accounts, but not to be the market leader in every type and maturity.

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Borrowings. We utilize advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta to supplement our supply of lendable funds and to meet deposit withdrawal requirements. The Federal Home Loan Bank functions as a central reserve bank providing credit for member financial institutions. As a member, we are required to own capital stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank and are authorized to apply for advances on the security of such stock and certain of our mortgage loans and other assets (principally securities which are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States), provided certain standards related to creditworthiness have been met. Advances are made under several different programs, each having its own interest rate and range of maturities. Depending on the program, limitations on the amount of advances are based either on a fixed percentage of an institution’s net worth or on the Federal Home Loan Bank’s assessment of the institution’s creditworthiness. At June 30, 2009, we had the ability to borrow an additional $40.0 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta. Additionally, at June 30, 2009, the Bank had a $2.0 million unsecured demand line of credit facility with M&T Bank, which had no outstanding balance.

Personnel

As of June 30, 2009, we had 34 full-time employees and two part-time employees, none of whom is represented by a collective bargaining unit. We believe our relationship with our employees is good.

Subsidiaries

BV Financial’s only direct subsidiary is Bay-Vanguard Federal.

Bay-Vanguard Federal has one subsidiary, Housing Recovery Corporation. Housing Recovery Corporation holds real estate and other assets acquired through foreclosure or repossession by Bay-Vanguard Federal.

Regulation and Supervision

General

As a federal mutual holding company, Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. is required by federal law to report to, and otherwise comply with the rules and regulations of, the Office of Thrift Supervision. BV Financial, as a federally chartered corporation, is also subject to reporting to and regulation by the Office of Thrift Supervision.

Bay-Vanguard Federal, as an insured federal savings association, is subject to extensive regulation, examination and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision, as its primary federal regulator, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as the deposit insurer. Bay-Vanguard Federal is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank System and, with respect to deposit insurance, of the Deposit Insurance Fund managed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Bay-Vanguard Federal must file reports with the Office of Thrift Supervision and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation concerning its activities and financial condition in addition to obtaining regulatory approvals prior to entering into certain transactions such as mergers with, or acquisitions of, other savings institutions. The Office of Thrift Supervision and/or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation conduct periodic examinations to test Bay-Vanguard Federal’s safety and soundness and compliance with various regulatory requirements.

This regulation and supervision establishes a comprehensive framework of activities in which an institution can engage and is intended primarily for the protection of the insurance fund and depositors. The regulatory structure also gives the regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies with respect to the classification of assets and the establishment of adequate loan loss reserves for regulatory purposes. Any change in such regulatory requirements and policies, whether by the Office of Thrift Supervision, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or Congress, could have a material adverse impact on Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C., BV Financial, Bay-Vanguard Federal and their operations.

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Certain regulatory requirements applicable to Bay-Vanguard Federal and to Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. are referred to below or elsewhere herein. The description of statutory provisions and regulations applicable to savings institutions and their holding companies set forth below and elsewhere in this document does not purport to be a complete description of such statutes and regulations and their effects on Bay-Vanguard Federal and Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the actual statutes and regulations.

Holding Company Regulation

General. Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. is a federal savings and loan holding company within the meaning of federal law. As such, Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. is registered with the Office of Thrift Supervision and is subject to Office of Thrift Supervision regulations, examinations, supervision and reporting requirements. In addition, the Office of Thrift Supervision has enforcement authority over Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. and its non-savings institution subsidiaries. Among other things, this authority permits the OTS to restrict or prohibit activities that are determined to be a serious risk to the subsidiary savings institution.

Activities Restrictions Applicable to Mutual Holding Companies. Pursuant to federal law and Office of Thrift Supervision regulations, a mutual holding company such as Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C., with appropriate OTS approvals, may engage in the following activities: (1) investing in the stock of a savings association; (2) acquiring a mutual association through the merger of such association into a savings association subsidiary of such holding company or an interim savings association subsidiary of such holding company; (3) merging with or acquiring another holding company, one of whose subsidiaries is a savings association; (4) investing in a corporation, the capital stock of which is available for purchase by a savings association under federal law or under the law of any state where the subsidiary savings association or associations share their home offices; (5) furnishing or performing management services for a savings association subsidiary of such company; (6) holding, managing or liquidating assets owned or acquired from a savings subsidiary of such company; (7) holding or managing properties used or occupied by a savings association subsidiary of such company properties used or occupied by a savings association subsidiary of such company; (8) acting as trustee under deeds of trust; (9) any other activity (A) that the Federal Reserve Board, by regulation, has determined to be permissible for bank holding companies under Section 4(c) of The Bank Holding Company Act, unless the Office of Thrift Supervision, by regulation, prohibits or limits any such activity for savings and loan holding companies; or (B) in which multiple savings and loan holding companies were authorized (by regulation) to directly engage on March 5, 1987; and (10) purchasing, holding, or disposing of stock acquired in connection with a qualified stock issuance if the purchase of such stock by such savings and loan holding company is approved by the Office of Thrift Supervision.

The Gramm-Leach Bliley Act of 1999 was designed to modernize the regulation of the financial services industry by expanding the ability of bank holding companies to affiliate with other types of financial services companies such as insurance companies and investment banking companies. The legislation also expanded the activities permitted for mutual savings and loan holding companies to also include any activity permitted a “financial holding company” under the legislation, including a broad array of insurance and securities activities.

Federal law prohibits a savings and loan holding company, including a federal mutual holding company, from, directly or indirectly or through one or more subsidiaries, acquiring more than 5% of the voting stock of another savings institution, or holding company thereof, without prior written approval of the Office of Thrift Supervision from acquiring or retaining, with certain exceptions, more than 5% of a non-subsidiary holding company or savings association. A savings and loan holding company is also prohibited from acquiring more than 5% of a company engaged in activities other than those authorized by federal law; or acquiring or retaining control of a depository institution that is not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. In evaluating applications by holding companies to acquire savings institutions, the Office of Thrift Supervision must consider the financial and managerial resources and future prospects of the company and institution involved, the effect of the acquisition on the risk to the insurance funds, the convenience and needs of the community and competitive factors.

The Office of Thrift Supervision is prohibited from approving any acquisition that would result in a multiple savings and loan holding company controlling savings institutions in more than one state, except: (1) the approval of interstate supervisory acquisitions by savings and loan holding companies; and (2) the acquisition of a

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savings institution in another state if the laws of the state of the target savings institution specifically permit such acquisitions. The states vary in the extent to which they permit interstate savings and loan holding company acquisitions.

If the savings institution subsidiary of a savings and loan holding company fails to meet the qualified thrift lender test set forth in federal law, the holding company must register with the Federal Reserve Board as a bank holding company within one year of the savings institution’s failure to so qualify.

Although savings and loan holding companies are not currently subject to regulatory capital requirements or specific restrictions on the payment of dividends or other capital distributions, federal regulations do prescribe such restrictions on subsidiary savings institutions as described below. Bay-Vanguard Federal must notify the Office of Thrift Supervision 30 days before declaring any dividend and comply with the additional restrictions described below. In addition, the financial impact of a holding company on its subsidiary institution is a matter that is evaluated by the Office of Thrift Supervision and the agency has authority to order cessation of activities or divestiture of subsidiaries deemed to pose a threat to the safety and soundness of the institution.

Stock Holding Company Subsidiary Regulation. The Office of Thrift Supervision has adopted regulations governing the two-tier mutual holding company form of organization and mid-tier stock holding companies, such as BV Financial, that are controlled by mutual holding companies. Under these rules, the stock holding company subsidiary holds all the shares of the mutual holding company’s savings association subsidiary and issues the majority of its own shares to the mutual holding company parent. In addition, the stock holding company subsidiary is permitted to engage in activities that are permitted for its mutual holding company parent subject to the same terms and conditions. Finally, Office of Thrift Supervision regulations maintain that the stock holding company subsidiary must be federally chartered for supervisory reasons.

Waivers of Dividends. Office of Thrift Supervision regulations require mutual holding companies to notify the agency if they propose to waive receipt of dividends from their stock subsidiary. The Office of Thrift Supervision reviews dividend waiver notices on a case-by-case basis and, in general, does not object to a waiver if: (1) the waiver would not be detrimental to the safe and sound operation of the savings association; and (2) the mutual holding company’s board of directors determines that their waiver is consistent with such directors’ fiduciary duties to the mutual holding company’s members. Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. anticipates waiving dividends, if any are paid.

Conversion of Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. to Stock Form. Office of Thrift Supervision regulations permit Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. to convert from the mutual form of organization to the capital stock form of organization. There can be no assurance when, if ever, a conversion transaction will occur. In a conversion transaction, a new holding company would be formed as the successor to BV Financial, Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C.’s corporate existence would end, and certain depositors of Bay-Vanguard Federal would receive the right to subscribe for additional shares of the new holding company. In a conversion transaction, each share of common stock held by stockholders other than Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. would be automatically converted into a number of shares of common stock of the new holding company based on an exchange ratio determined at the time of conversion that ensures that stockholders other than Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. own the same percentage of common stock in the new holding company as they owned in BV Financial immediately before conversion. The total number of shares held by stockholders other than Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. after a conversion transaction would be increased by any purchases by such stockholders in the stock offering conducted as part of the conversion transaction.

Acquisition of Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. Under the Federal Change in Control Act, a notice must be submitted to the Office of Thrift Supervision if any person (including a company), or group acting in concert, seeks to acquire direct or indirect “control” of a savings and loan holding company or savings institution. Under certain circumstances, a change of control may occur, and prior notice is required, upon the acquisition of 10% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the company or institution, unless the Office of Thrift Supervision has found that the acquisition will not result in a change of control of Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. Under the Change in Control Act, the Office of Thrift Supervision generally has 60 days from the filing of a complete notice to act, taking into consideration certain factors, including the financial and managerial resources of the acquirer and the anti-trust effects of the acquisition. Any company that acquires control would then be subject to regulation as a savings and loan holding company.

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Federal Savings Institution Regulation

Business Activities. The activities of federal savings associations are governed by federal law and regulations. These laws and regulations delineate the nature and extent of the activities in which federal savings institutions may engage. In particular, certain lending authority for federal savings institutions, e.g., commercial, non-residential real property loans and consumer loans, is limited to a specified percentage of the institution’s capital or assets.

Capital Requirements. The Office of Thrift Supervision capital regulations require savings institutions to meet three minimum capital standards: a 1.5% tangible capital to total assets ratio; a 4% Tier 1 capital to total assets leverage ratio (3% for institutions receiving the highest rating on the CAMELS examination rating system); and an 8% risk-based capital ratio. In addition, the prompt corrective action standards discussed below also establish, in effect, a minimum 2% tangible capital standard, a 4% leverage ratio (3% for institutions receiving the highest rating on the CAMELS system) and, together with the risk-based capital standard itself, a 4% Tier 1 risk-based capital standard. The Office of Thrift Supervision regulations also require that, in meeting the tangible, leverage and risk-based capital standards, institutions must generally deduct investments in and loans to subsidiaries engaged in activities as principal that are not permissible for a national bank.

The risk-based capital standard for savings institutions requires the maintenance of Tier 1 (core) and total capital (which is defined as core capital and supplementary capital) to risk-weighted assets of at least 4% and 8%, respectively. In determining the amount of risk-weighted assets, all assets, including certain off-balance sheet activities, recourse obligations, residual interests and direct credit substitutes, are multiplied by a risk-weight factor of 0% to 100%, assigned by the Office of Thrift Supervision capital regulation based on the risks believed inherent in the type of asset. Core (Tier 1) capital is generally defined as common stockholders’ equity (including retained earnings), certain noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus, and minority interests in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries less intangibles other than certain mortgage servicing rights and credit card relationships. The components of supplementary (Tier 2) capital currently include cumulative preferred stock, long-term perpetual preferred stock, mandatory convertible securities, subordinated debt and intermediate preferred stock, the allowance for loan and lease losses, limited to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, and up to 45% of unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity securities with readily determinable fair market values. Overall, the amount of supplementary capital included as part of total capital cannot exceed 100% of core capital.

The Office of Thrift Supervision also has authority to establish individual minimum capital requirements in appropriate cases upon a determination that an institution’s capital level is or may become inadequate in light of the particular circumstances. At June 30, 2009, Bay-Vanguard Federal met each of its capital requirements.

The following table presents Bay-Vanguard Federal’s capital position at June 30, 2009.

Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action. The Office of Thrift Supervision is required to take certain supervisory actions against undercapitalized institutions, the severity of which depends upon the institution’s degree of undercapitalization. Generally, a savings institution that has a ratio of total capital to risk weighted assets of less than 8%, a ratio of Tier 1 (core) capital to risk-weighted assets of less than 4% or a ratio of core capital to total assets of less than 4% (3% or less for institutions with the highest examination rating) is considered to be

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“undercapitalized.” A savings institution that has a total risk-based capital ratio less than 6%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of less than 3% or a leverage ratio that is less than 3% is considered to be “significantly undercapitalized” and a savings institution that has a tangible capital to assets ratio equal to or less than 2% is deemed to be “critically undercapitalized.” Subject to a narrow exception, the Office of Thrift Supervision is required to appoint a receiver or conservator within specified time frames for an institution that is “critically undercapitalized.” The regulation also provides that a capital restoration plan must be filed with the Office of Thrift Supervision within 45 days of the date a savings institution is deemed to have received notice that it is “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” or “critically undercapitalized.” Compliance with the plan must be guaranteed by any parent holding company in an amount of up to the lesser of 5% of the savings association’s total assets when it was deemed to be undercapitalized or the amount necessary to achieve compliance with applicable capital regulations. In addition, numerous mandatory supervisory actions become immediately applicable to an undercapitalized institution, including, but not limited to, increased monitoring by regulators and restrictions on growth, capital distributions and expansion. The Office of Thrift Supervision could also take any one of a number of discretionary supervisory actions, including the issuance of a capital directive and the replacement of senior executive officers and directors. Significantly undercapitalized institutions are subject to additional mandatory and discretionary restrictions.

Insurance of Deposit Accounts. Deposits of Bay-Vanguard Federal are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s risk-based assessment system, insured institutions are assigned to one of four risk categories based on supervisory evaluations, regulatory capital levels and certain other factors, with less risky institutions paying lower assessments. An institution’s assessment rate depends upon the category to which it is assigned, with less risky institutions paying lower assessments. For 2008, assessments ranged from five to forty-three basis points of an institution’s deposit assessment base. Due to losses incurred by the Deposit Insurance Fund in 2008 from failed institutions, and anticipated future losses, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, pursuant to a Restoration Plan to replenish the fund, adopted an across the board seven basis point increase in the assessment range for the first quarter of 2009. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation adopted further refinements to its risk-based assessment that were effective April 1, 2009 and effectively make the range seven to seventy-seven and one half basis points. On May 22, 2009, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued a final rule that will impose a special five basis points assessment on each institution’s assets minus Tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009, which would be payable to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation on September 30, 2009. If after June 30, 2009, the reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund falls to a level that the Board of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“the Board”) believes would adversely affect public confidence or to a level close to or below zero, the Board may impose an additional special assessment of up to five basis points on each institution’s assets minus Tier 1 capital for the third and fourth quarters of 2009 as deemed necessary. The cost of the special five basis points assessment to Bay-Vanguard Federal based on assets minus Tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009 was $75,200. No institution may pay a dividend if in default of the federal deposit insurance assessment.

Due to the recent difficult economic conditions, deposit insurance per account owner has been raised to $250,000 for all types of accounts until December 31, 2013. Thereafter, regular deposit accounts will be insured up to a maximum of $100,000 and self-directed retirement accounts up to a maximum of $250,000.

In addition, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation adopted an optional Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program by which, for a fee, noninterest bearing transaction accounts would receive unlimited insurance coverage until December 31, 2009 and certain senior unsecured debt issued by institutions and their holding companies would be guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation through June 30, 2012 and in certain conditions through December 31, 2012. Bay-Vanguard Federal made the business decision to participate in the unlimited noninterest bearing transaction account coverage and Bay-Vanguard Federal, BV Financial and Bay-Vanguard M.H.C. opted not to participate in the unsecured debt guarantee program.

Federal law also provides for the possibility that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may pay dividends to insured institutions once the Deposit Insurance fund reserve ratio equals or exceeds 1.35% of estimated insured deposits.

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In addition to the assessment for deposit insurance, institutions are required to make payments on bonds issued in the late 1980s by the Financing Corporation to recapitalize a predecessor deposit insurance fund. That payment is established quarterly and during the fiscal year ending June 30, 2009 averaged 1.08 basis points of assessable deposits.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has authority to increase insurance assessments. A significant increase in insurance premiums would likely have an adverse effect on the operating expenses and results of operations of Bay-Vanguard Federal. Management cannot predict what insurance assessment rates will be in the future.

Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Office of Thrift Supervision. The management of Bay-Vanguard Federal does not know of any practice, condition or violation that might lead to termination of deposit insurance.

Loans to One Borrower. Federal law provides that savings institutions are generally subject to the limits on loans to one borrower applicable to national banks. Subject to certain exceptions, a savings institution may not make a loan or extend credit to a single or related group of borrowers in excess of 15% of its unimpaired capital and surplus. An additional amount may be lent, equal to 10% of unimpaired capital and surplus, if secured by specified readily-marketable collateral.

QTL Test. Federal law requires savings institutions to meet a qualified thrift lender test. Under the test, a savings association is required to either qualify as a “domestic building and loan association” under the Internal Revenue Code or maintain at least 65% of its “portfolio assets” (total assets less: (1) specified liquid assets up to 20% of total assets; (2) intangibles, including goodwill; and (3) the value of property used to conduct business) in certain “qualified thrift investments” (primarily residential mortgages and related investments, including certain mortgage-backed securities) in at least 9 months out of each 12 month period. Recent legislation has expanded the extent to which education loans, credit card loans and small business loans may be considered “qualified thrift investments.”

A savings institution that fails the qualified thrift lender test is subject to certain operating restrictions and may be required to convert to a bank charter. As of June 30, 2009, Bay-Vanguard Federal maintained 74.0% of its portfolio assets in qualified thrift investments and, therefore, met the qualified thrift lender test.

Limitation on Capital Distributions. Office of Thrift Supervision regulations impose limitations upon all capital distributions by a savings institution, including cash dividends, payments to repurchase its shares and payments to shareholders of another institution in a cash-out merger. Under the regulations, an application to and prior approval of the Office of Thrift Supervision is required prior to any capital distribution if the institution does not meet the criteria for “expedited treatment” of applications under Office of Thrift Supervision regulations (i.e., generally, examination and Community Reinvestment Act ratings in the two top categories), the total capital distributions for the calendar year exceed net income for that year plus the amount of retained net income for the preceding two years, the institution would be undercapitalized following the distribution or the distribution would otherwise be contrary to a statute, regulation or agreement with the Office of Thrift Supervision. If an application is not required, the institution must still provide prior notice to the Office of Thrift Supervision of the capital distribution if, like Bay-Vanguard Federal, it is a subsidiary of a holding company. In the event Bay-Vanguard Federal’s capital fell below its regulatory requirements or the Office of Thrift Supervision notified it that it was in need of increased supervision, Bay-Vanguard Federal’s ability to make capital distributions could be restricted. In addition, the Office of Thrift Supervision could prohibit a proposed capital distribution by any institution, which would otherwise be permitted by the regulation, if the Office of Thrift Supervision determines that such distribution would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice.

Standards for Safety and Soundness. The federal banking agencies have adopted Interagency Guidelines prescribing Standards for Safety and Soundness in various areas such as internal controls and information systems, internal audit, loan documentation and credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth and quality, earnings and

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compensation, fees and benefits. The guidelines set forth the safety and soundness standards that the federal banking agencies use to identify and address problems at insured depository institutions before capital becomes impaired. If the Office of Thrift Supervision determines that a savings association fails to meet any standard prescribed by the guidelines, the Office of Thrift Supervision may require the institution to submit an acceptable plan to achieve compliance with the standard.

Transactions with Related Parties. Bay-Vanguard Federal’s authority to engage in transactions with “affiliates” (e.g., any entity that controls or is under common control with an institution, including Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. and its non-savings institution subsidiaries) is limited by federal law. The aggregate amount of covered transactions with any individual affiliate is limited to 10% of the capital and surplus of the savings institution. The aggregate amount of covered transactions with all affiliates is limited to 20% of the savings institution’s capital and surplus. Certain transactions with affiliates are required to be secured by collateral in an amount and of a type specified by federal law. The purchase of low quality assets from affiliates is generally prohibited. The transactions with affiliates must be on terms and under circumstances that are at least as favorable to the institution as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with non-affiliated companies. In addition, savings institutions are prohibited from lending to any affiliate that is engaged in activities that are not permissible for bank holding companies and no savings institution may purchase the securities of any affiliate other than a subsidiary.

Bay-Vanguard Federal may make loans to its executive officers and directors in compliance with federal banking laws. Under such laws, Bay-Vanguard Federal’s authority to extend credit to executive officers, directors and 10% shareholders (“insiders”), as well as entities such persons control, is limited. The law limits both the individual and aggregate amount of loans Bay-Vanguard Federal may make to insiders based, in part, on Bay-Vanguard Federal’s capital position and requires certain board approval procedures to be followed. Such loans are required to be made on terms substantially the same as those offered to unaffiliated individuals and not involve more than the normal risk of repayment. There is an exception for loans made pursuant to a benefit or compensation program that is widely available to all employees of the institution and does not give preference to insiders over other employees. Loans to executive officers are subject to additional restrictions as to type and amount.

Enforcement. The Office of Thrift Supervision has primary enforcement responsibility over savings institutions and has the authority to bring actions against the institution and all institution-affiliated parties, including stockholders, and any attorneys, appraisers and accountants who knowingly or recklessly participate in wrongful action likely to have an adverse effect on an insured institution. Formal enforcement action may range from the issuance of a capital directive or cease and desist order to removal of officers and/or directors to institution of receivership, conservatorship or termination of deposit insurance. Civil penalties cover a wide range of violations and can amount to $25,000 per day, or even $1 million per day in especially egregious cases. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has the authority to recommend to the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision that enforcement action to be taken with respect to a particular savings institution. If action is not taken by the Director, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has authority to take such action under certain circumstances. Federal law also establishes criminal penalties for certain violations.

Assessments. Savings institutions are required to pay assessments to the Office of Thrift Supervision to fund the agency’s operations. The general assessments, paid on a semi-annual basis, are computed based upon the savings institution’s (including consolidated subsidiaries) total asset size, condition and complexity of portfolio. The OTS assessments paid by Bay-Vanguard Federal for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 totaled $53,000.

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Federal Home Loan Bank System

Bay-Vanguard Federal is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank System, which consists of 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks. The Federal Home Loan Bank provides a central credit facility primarily for member institutions. Bay-Vanguard Federal, as a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta, is required to acquire and hold shares of capital stock in that Federal Home Loan Bank. Bay-Vanguard Federal was in compliance with this requirement with an investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock at June 30, 2009 of $631,000. This stock is carried at a cost of $100 per share. Due to concerns about the capital strength of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta and the entire Federal Home Loan Bank system, there has been industry discussion about impairment issues on Federal Home Loan Bank stock. If the Federal Home Loan Bank stock were deemed to be impaired, the write-down for the Bank could be significant. However, due to the nature of the Federal Home Loan Bank system and the heavy dependence of community banks on the Federal Home Loan Bank, it is believed that any determination about the valuation of Federal Home Loan Bank stock needs to be accomplished at the national level so that the entire community banking system is not disrupted.

The Federal Home Loan Banks are required to provide funds for the resolution of insolvent thrifts in the late 1980s and to contribute funds for affordable housing programs. These requirements, or the general financial condition of the Federal Home Loan Bank, could reduce the amount of dividends that the Federal Home Loan Banks pay to their members and could also result in the Federal Home Loan Banks imposing a higher rate of interest on advances to their members. If dividends were reduced, or interest on future Federal Home Loan Bank advances increased, Bay-Vanguard Federal’s net interest income would likely also be reduced.

The Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta changed its dividend declaration and payment schedule in the fourth quarter of 2008 so a dividend can be declared and paid to members after net income is calculated for the preceding quarter. No dividends were paid for the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009; however, dividends were paid for the third quarter of 2008 and second quarter of 2009.

Federal Reserve System

The Federal Reserve Board regulations require savings institutions to maintain non-interest earning reserves against their transaction accounts (primarily Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (NOW) and regular checking accounts). The regulations generally provide that reserves be maintained against aggregate transaction accounts as follows: a 3% reserve ratio is assessed on net transaction accounts up to and including $44.4 million; a 10% reserve ratio is applied above $44.4 million. The first $10.3 million of otherwise reservable balances (subject to adjustments by the Federal Reserve Board) are exempted from the reserve requirements. The amounts are adjusted annually. Bay-Vanguard Federal complies with the foregoing requirements.

Federal and State Taxation

Federal Income Taxation

General. We report our income on a fiscal year basis using the accrual method of accounting. The federal income tax laws apply to us in the same manner as to other corporations with some exceptions, including particularly our reserve for bad debts discussed below. The following discussion of tax matters is intended only as a summary and does not purport to be a comprehensive description of the tax rules applicable to us. Our federal income tax returns have been either audited or closed under the statute of limitations through tax year 2004. For its 2009 year, BV Financial’s maximum federal income tax rate was 34.0%.

BV Financial and Bay-Vanguard Federal have entered into a tax allocation agreement. Because BV Financial owns 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Bay-Vanguard Federal, BV Financial and Bay-Vanguard Federal are members of an affiliated group within the meaning of Section 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, of which group BV Financial is the common parent corporation. As a result of this affiliation, Bay-Vanguard Federal will be included in the filing of a consolidated federal income tax return with BV Financial and the parties have agreed to compensate each other for their individual share of the consolidated tax liability and/or any tax benefits provided by them in the filing of the consolidated federal income tax return.

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Bad Debt Reserves. For fiscal years beginning before June 30, 1996, thrift institutions that qualified under certain definitional tests and other conditions of the Internal Revenue Code were permitted to use certain favorable provisions to calculate their deductions from taxable income for annual additions to their bad debt reserve. A reserve could be established for bad debts on qualifying real property loans, generally secured by interests in real property improved or to be improved, under the percentage of taxable income method or the experience method. The reserve for nonqualifying loans was computed using the experience method. Federal legislation enacted in 1996 repealed the reserve method of accounting for bad debts and the percentage of taxable income method for tax years beginning after 1995 and require savings institutions to recapture or take into income certain portions of their accumulated bad debt reserves. Approximately $1.2 million of our accumulated bad debt reserves would not be recaptured into taxable income unless Bay-Vanguard Federal makes a “non-dividend distribution” to BV Financial as described below.

Distributions. If Bay-Vanguard Federal makes “non-dividend distributions” to BV Financial, the distributions will be considered to have been made from Bay-Vanguard Federal’s unrecaptured tax bad debt reserves, including the balance of its reserves as of December 31, 1987, to the extent of the “non-dividend distributions,” and then from Bay-Vanguard Federal’s supplemental reserve for losses on loans, to the extent of those reserves, and an amount based on the amount distributed, but not more than the amount of those reserves, will be included in Bay-Vanguard Federal’s taxable income. Non-dividend distributions include distributions in excess of Bay-Vanguard Federal’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, as calculated for federal income tax purposes, distributions in redemption of stock and distributions in partial or complete liquidation. Dividends paid out of Bay-Vanguard Federal’s current or accumulated earnings and profits will not be so included in Bay-Vanguard Federal’s taxable income.

The amount of additional taxable income triggered by a non-dividend is an amount that, when reduced by the tax attributable to the income, is equal to the amount of the distribution. Therefore, if Bay-Vanguard Federal makes a non-dividend distribution to BV Financial, approximately one and one-half times the amount of the distribution not in excess of the amount of the reserves would be includable in income for federal income tax purposes, assuming a 34% federal corporate income tax rate. Bay-Vanguard Federal does not intend to pay dividends that would result in a recapture of any portion of its bad debt reserves.

State Taxation

For fiscal 2009 BV Financial was subject to Maryland’s Corporation Business Tax at the rate of 8.25% on its taxable income, before net operating loss deductions and special deductions for federal income tax purposes. The rate will remain the same for fiscal 2010. BV Financial and Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. are required to file Maryland income tax returns because they are doing business in Maryland. For this purpose, “taxable income” generally means federal taxable income subject to certain adjustments (including addition of interest income on state and municipal obligations).

A continuation of recent turmoil in the financial markets could have an adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Beginning in 2008, United States and global markets have experienced severe disruption and volatility, and general economic conditions have declined significantly. Adverse developments in credit quality, asset values and revenue opportunities throughout the financial services industry, as well as general uncertainty regarding the economic and regulatory environment, have had a marked negative impact on the industry. The United States and the governments of other countries have taken steps to try to stabilize the financial system, including investing in financial institutions, and have also been working to design and implement programs to improve general economic conditions. There can be no assurances that these efforts will be successful in restoring industry, economic or market

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conditions and that they will not result in adverse unintended consequences. Factors that could continue to pressure financial services companies, including BV Financial, are numerous and include: (1) worsening credit quality, leading among other things to increases in loan losses and reserves; (2) continued or worsening disruption and volatility in financial markets, leading among other things to continuing reductions in asset values; (3) capital and liquidity concerns regarding financial institutions generally; (4) limitations resulting from or imposed in connection with governmental actions intended to stabilize or provide additional regulation of the financial system; and/or (5) recessionary conditions that are deeper or last longer than currently anticipated.

Changes in interest rates may hurt our earnings.

Short-term market interest rates (which we use as a guide to price our deposits) have until recently risen from historically low levels, while longer-term market interest rates (which we use as a guide to price our longer-term loans) have not. This “flattening” of the market yield curve has had a negative impact on our net interest margin, which has reduced our profitability. Over the last year, however, the U.S. Federal Reserve decreased its target for the federal funds rate from 2.00% to 0.25%. Our net interest margin was 2.80% for the year ended June 30, 2009 compared to 2.48% for the year ended June 30, 2008. Decreases in interest rates can result in increased prepayments of loans, as borrowers refinance to reduce their borrowing costs. Under these circumstances, we are subject to reinvestment risk as we may have to redeploy such loan proceeds into lower-yielding assets, which might also negatively impact our income. Additionally, if short-term interest rates rise, and if rates on our deposits reprice upwards faster than the rates on our long-term loans and investments, we would experience compression of our net interest margin, which would have a negative effect on our profitability. For further discussion of how changes in interest rates could impact us, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation—Risk Management—Interest Rate Risk Management” and “—Net Portfolio Value Simulation Analysis.”

We may be more susceptible to increases in interest rates because of the relatively small amount of adjustable-rate loans currently in our portfolio and our heavy reliance on core deposits, especially our money market accounts, which reprice frequently. At June 30, 2009, $27.4 million, or 22.9% of our total loan portfolio, consisted of adjustable-rate loans. We attempt to limit our exposure to rises in interest rates through: offering adjustable-rate one-to-four family residential real estate loans; an investment in a mutual fund that invests in adjustable-rate mortgage loans; an increased focus on multi-family and commercial real estate lending, which emphasizes the origination of shorter-term adjustable-rate loans; and efforts to originate shorter-term fixed-rate loans. Our inability to successfully originate adjustable-rate multi-family and commercial real estate loans or shorter-term fixed-rate loans could result in further compression of our net interest margin in a rising interest rate environment, which could hurt our profits.

Future FDIC Assessments Will Hurt Our Earnings

In May 2009, the FDIC adopted a final rule imposing a special assessment on all insured institutions due to recent bank and savings association failures. The emergency assessment amounts to 5 basis points of total assets minus Tier 1 Capital as of June 30, 2009, and will be collected on September 30, 2009. The special assessment negatively impacted the Company’s earnings and the Company’s non-interest expenses increased approximately $75,200 for the year ended June 30, 2009 as compared to the year ended June 30, 2008 as a result of this special assessment. In addition, the final rule allows the FDIC to impose additional emergency special assessments of up to 5 basis points per quarter for the third and fourth quarters of 2009 if necessary to maintain public confidence in federal deposit insurance or as a result of deterioration in the deposit insurance fund reserve ratio due to institution failures. Any additional emergency special assessment imposed by the FDIC will further hurt the Company’s earnings.

Our increased emphasis on multi-family and commercial lending may expose us to increased lending risks.

At June 30, 2009, $16.6 million, or 13.5%, of our loan portfolio consisted of multi-family and commercial real estate loans. We intend to increase our emphasis on these types of higher-yielding loans to provide us with the opportunity to increase profits. However, these types of loans generally expose a lender to greater risk of

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non-payment and loss than one- to four-family residential real estate loans because repayment of the loans often depends on the successful operation of the property and the income stream of borrowers. Such loans typically involve larger loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers compared to one- to four-family residential real estate loans. Also, many of our commercial borrowers have more than one loan outstanding with us. Consequently, an adverse development with respect to one loan or one credit relationship can expose us to a significantly greater risk of loss compared to an adverse development with respect to a one- to four-family residential real estate loan.

Our level of non-performing loans expose us to increased lending risks. Further, our allowance for loan losses may prove to be insufficient to absorb losses in our loan portfolio.

At June 30, 2009, our non-performing loans totaled $921,000, representing 0.8% of total loans. If these loans continue to not perform according to their terms and the collateral is insufficient to pay any remaining loan balance, we may experience loan losses, which could have a material effect on our operating results. Like all financial institutions, we maintain an allowance for loan losses to provide for loans in our portfolio that may not be repaid in their entirety. We believe that our allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in our loan portfolio as of the corresponding balance sheet date. However, our allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover actual loan losses, and future provisions for loan losses could materially adversely affect our operating results.

In evaluating the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses, we consider numerous quantitative factors, including our historical charge-off experience, growth of our loan portfolio, changes in the composition of our loan portfolio and the volume of delinquent and classified loans. In addition, we use information about specific borrower situations, including their financial position and estimated collateral values, to estimate the risk and amount of loss for those borrowers. Finally, we also consider many qualitative factors, including general and economic business conditions, current general market collateral valuations, trends apparent in any of the factors we take into account and other matters, which are by nature more subjective and fluid. Our estimates of the risk of loss and amount of loss on any loan are complicated by the significant uncertainties surrounding our borrowers’ abilities to successfully execute their business models through changing economic environments, competitive challenges and other factors. Because of the degree of uncertainty and susceptibility of these factors to change, our actual losses may vary from our current estimates.

At June 30, 2009, our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 0.71%. Our regulators, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses and may require us to increase our allowance for loan losses by recognizing additional provisions for loan losses charged to expense, or to decrease our allowance for loan losses by recognizing loan charge-offs, net of recoveries. Any such additional provisions for loan losses or charge-offs, as required by these regulatory agencies, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

A downturn in the local economy or a decline in real estate values could hurt our profits.

Nearly all of our real estate loans are secured by real estate in the Baltimore metropolitan area. As a result of this concentration, a downturn in the local economy could cause significant increases in non-performing loans, which would hurt our profits. Additionally, a decrease in asset quality could require additions to our allowance for loan losses through increased provisions for loan losses, which would hurt our profits. In recent years, there were significant increases in real estate values in our market area. As a result of rising home prices, our loans have been well collateralized. However, these real estate values have begun to decline, which could cause some of our mortgage loans to become inadequately collateralized, which would expose us to a greater risk of loss. For a discussion of our market area, see “Business—Market Area.”

Strong competition within our market area could hurt our profits and slow growth.

We face intense competition both in making loans and attracting deposits. This competition has made it more difficult for us to make new loans and has occasionally forced us to offer higher deposit rates. Price

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competition for loans and deposits might result in us earning less on our loans and paying more on our deposits, which reduces net interest income. As of June 30, 2008, we held 0.29% of the deposits in the Baltimore-Towson, Maryland Metropolitan Statistical Area, which was the 41^st largest market share of deposits out of the 78 financial institutions in the metropolitan statistical area. Some of the institutions with which we compete have substantially greater resources and lending limits than we have and may offer services that we do not provide. We expect competition to increase in the future as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and the continuing trend of consolidation in the financial services industry. Our profitability depends upon our continued ability to compete successfully in our market area. For more information about our market area and the competition we face, see “Business—Market Area” and “Business—Competition.”

Proposed regulatory reform may have a material impact on our operations.

On June 17, 2009, President Obama published a comprehensive regulatory reform plan intended to modernize and protect the integrity of the United States financial system. The President’s plan contains several elements that would have a direct effect on Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C., BV Financial and Bay-Vanguard Federal. Under the reform plan, the federal thrift charter and the Office of Thrift Supervision would be eliminated and all companies that control an insured depository institution must register as a bank holding company. Although the reform plan does not specify how existing federal thrifts, such as Bay-Vanguard Federal, would be treated, we expect that if the federal thrift charter is eliminated Bay-Vanguard Federal could become a national bank or adopt a state charter. Registration as a bank holding company would represent a significant change, as there currently exist significant differences between savings and loan holding company and bank holding company supervision and regulation. For example, the Federal Reserve imposes leverage and risk-based capital requirements on bank holding companies whereas the Office of Thrift Supervision does not impose any capital requirements on savings and loan holding companies. Further, a change in the bank regulatory structure could result in a change in the way that mutual holding companies are regulated. The reform plan also proposes the creation of a new federal agency, the Consumer Financial Protection Agency, that would be dedicated to protecting consumers in the financial products and services market. The creation of this agency could result in new regulatory requirements and raise the cost of regulatory compliance. In addition, legislation stemming from the reform plan could require changes in regulatory capital requirements, loan loss provisioning practices, and compensation practices. If implemented, the foregoing regulatory reforms may have a material impact on our operations. However, because the legislation needed to implement the President’s reform plan has not been introduced, and because the final legislation may differ significantly from the reform plan proposed by the President, we cannot determine the specific impact of regulatory reform at this time.

Our mutual holding company structure limits our ability to raise additional equity capital.

Our mutual holding company structure limits our ability to raise additional equity capital without undertaking a second-step conversion transaction because we cannot issue stock in an amount that would cause Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. to own less than a majority of our outstanding shares. Currently, Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. owns approximately 61% of our outstanding shares. In addition, any stock issuance by us must be approved by the Office of Thrift Supervision and must be structured in a manner similar to a mutual to stock conversion, including the stock purchase priorities accorded to members of the mutual holding company, unless otherwise approved by the Office of Thrift Supervision. These requirements limit our ability to control the timing and structure of a stock offering.

We operate in a highly regulated environment and we may be adversely affected by changes in laws and regulations.

Bay-Vanguard Federal is subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination by the Office of Thrift Supervision, its chartering authority, and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as insurer of its deposits. Both Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. and BV Financial are subject to regulation and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision. Such regulation and supervision govern the activities in which an institution and its holding company may engage, and are intended primarily for the protection of the insurance fund and for the depositors and borrowers of Bay-Vanguard Federal. The regulation and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation are not intended to protect the interests of investors in BV Financial common

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stock. Regulatory authorities have extensive discretion in their supervisory and enforcement activities, including the imposition of restrictions on our operations, the classification of our assets, increases in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation premiums and determination of the level of our allowance for loan losses. Any change in such regulation and oversight, whether in the form of regulatory policy, regulations, legislation or supervisory action, may have a material impact on our operations.

Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C.’s majority control of our common stock will enable it to exercise voting control over most matters put to a vote of shareholders, and will prevent shareholders from forcing a sale or a second-step conversion transaction you may find advantageous.

Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. owns a majority of BV Financial’s common stock and, through its board of directors, will be able to exercise voting control over most matters put to a vote of shareholders. The same directors and officers who manage BV Financial and Bay-Vanguard Federal also manage Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. As a federally chartered mutual holding company, the board of directors of Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. must ensure that the interests of depositors of Bay-Vanguard Federal are represented and considered in matters put to a vote of shareholders of BV Financial. Therefore, the votes cast by Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. may not be in your personal best interests as a shareholder. For example, Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. may exercise its voting control to defeat a shareholder nominee for election to the board of directors of BV Financial. In addition, shareholders will not be able to force a merger or second-step conversion transaction without the consent of Bay-Vanguard, M.H.C. Some shareholders may desire a sale or merger transaction, because shareholders typically receive a premium for their shares, or a second-step conversion transaction, because fully converted institutions tend to trade at higher multiples than mutual holding companies.

The Office of Thrift Supervision policy on remutualization transactions could prohibit the acquisition of BV Financial, which may adversely affect our stock price.

Current Office of Thrift Supervision regulations permit a mutual holding company to be acquired by a mutual institution in a remutualization transaction. However, the Office of Thrift Supervision has issued a policy statement indicating that it views remutualization transactions as raising significant issues concerning disparate treatment of minority shareholders and mutual members of the target entity and raising issues concerning the effect on the mutual members of the acquiring entity. Under certain circumstances, the Office of Thrift Supervision intends to give these issues special scrutiny and reject applications providing for the remutualization of a mutual holding company unless the applicant can clearly demonstrate that the Office of Thrift Supervision’s concerns are not warranted in the particular case. Should the Office of Thrift Supervision prohibit or otherwise restrict these transactions in the future, our per share stock price may be adversely affected. In addition, Office of Thrift Supervision regulations prohibit, for three years following completion of the offering, the acquisition of more than 10% of any class of equity security issued by us without the prior approval of the Office of Thrift Supervision.

Not applicable.

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We conduct our business through our main office and branch offices. The following table sets forth certain information relating to these facilities as of June 30, 2009.

Periodically, there have been various claims and lawsuits against us, such as claims to enforce liens, condemnation proceedings on properties in which we hold security interests, claims involving the making and servicing of real property loans and other issues incident to our business. We are not a party to any pending legal proceedings that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

None.

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PART II

BV Financial’s common stock is traded on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board under the symbol “BVFL.OB.” As of September 17, 2009, the Company had approximately 134 holders of record. The following table sets forth, for the quarters indicated, the daily high and low sales price for and dividends declared on the common stock for fiscal 2009 and 2008. The prices do not necessarily reflect inter-dealer prices without retail markup, markdown or commission and may not reflect actual transactions.

BV Financial is not subject to Office of Thrift Supervision regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends. However, BV Financial’s ability to pay dividends may depend, in part, upon its receipt of dividends from Bay-Vanguard Federal because BV Financial has no source of income other than earnings from the investment of the net proceeds from the offering that it retained. Payment of cash dividends on capital stock by a savings institution is limited by OTS regulations. No insured depository institution may make a capital distribution if, after making the distribution, the institution would be undercapitalized. See “Regulation and Supervision—Federal Savings Institution Regulation—Limitation on Capital Distributions.”

As of June 30, 2009, BV Financial satisfied all prescribed capital requirements. Future dividend payments will depend on the Company’s profitability, approval by its Board of Directors and prevailing OTS regulations.

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The following table provides certain information with regard to shares repurchased by the Company in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009.

Not applicable as BV Financial is a smaller reporting company.

The objective of this section is to help potential investors understand our views on our results of operations and financial condition. You should read this discussion in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to the financial statements included in this annual report on Form 10-K.

Overview

Income. Our primary source of income is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income, which is the income that we earn on our loans and investments, and interest expense, which is the interest that we pay on our deposits and borrowings. To a much lesser extent, we also recognize income from service charge income—mostly from service charges on deposit accounts and fees for late loan payments—and from the increase in surrender value of our bank-owned life insurance.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for losses inherent in the loan portfolio. We evaluate the need to establish allowances against losses on loans on a quarterly basis. When additional allowances are necessary, a provision for loan losses is charged to earnings.

Expenses. The expenses we incur in operating our business consist of compensation and related expenses, occupancy expenses, data processing expenses, telephone and postage expenses, advertising expenses, professional fees, equipment expenses and other miscellaneous expenses.

Compensation and related expenses consist primarily of the salaries and wages paid to our employees, payroll taxes and expenses for health insurance, retirement plans and other employee benefits, including the

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employee stock ownership plan. Expense for the employee stock ownership plan is based on the average market value of the shares committed to be released. An equal number of shares will be released each year over the 15-year term of the loan. Expense for shares of restricted stock awards and stock options is based on the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. Compensation and related expenses is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.

Occupancy expenses, which are the fixed and variable costs of land and building, consist primarily of lease payments, real estate taxes, depreciation charges, maintenance and costs of utilities. Depreciation of premises is computed using the straight-line method based on the useful lives of the related assets, which range from 15 to 40 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or term of the lease.

Data processing expenses include fees paid for third-party data processing service.

Telephone and postage expenses include our communication lines between branch offices, our Internet access and our mailing expenses, including certain deposit statements.

Advertising expenses include expenses for print advertisements, promotions and premium items.

Professional fees primarily include fees paid to our independent registered public accountants, as well as our attorneys, predominantly in relation to problem assets and due to the costs of operating a public company.

Equipment expense includes expenses and depreciation charges related to office and banking equipment. Depreciation of equipment is computed using the straight-line method based on the useful lives of the related assets, which range from three to ten years.

FDIC insurance premium expense includes premiums paid for federal insurance on deposits.

Other expenses include amortization of intangible assets, charitable contributions, regulatory assessments, office supplies and other miscellaneous operating expenses.

Critical Accounting Policies

We consider accounting policies involving significant judgments and assumptions by management that have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets or on income to be critical accounting policies. We consider the allowance for loan losses, fair value measurement for financial assets, the determination of other than temporary impairment of investments, intangible asset impairment and the deferred tax asset valuation allowance to be critical accounting policies.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is the amount estimated by management as necessary to cover losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance is established through the provision for loan losses, which is charged to income. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment. Among the material estimates required to establish the allowance are: loss exposure at default; the amount and timing of future cash flows on impaired loans; the value of collateral; and determination of loss factors to be applied to the various elements of the portfolio. All of these estimates are susceptible to significant change. We recorded charge-offs of $581,000 and $21,000 in relation to foreclosed real estate and repossessed assets in fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. Additionally, we had net charge-offs to average loans of 0.68% for fiscal 2009 compared to net charge offs to average loans of 0.02% for fiscal 2008.

Management reviews the level of the allowance on a quarterly basis, at a minimum, and establishes the provision for loan losses based on an evaluation of the portfolio, past loss experience, economic conditions and business conditions affecting our primary market area, credit quality trends, collateral value, loan volumes and concentrations, seasoning of the loan portfolio, the duration of the current business cycle and other factors related to the collectibility of the loan portfolio. Although we believe that we use the best information available to establish the allowance for loan losses, future additions to the allowance may be necessary if certain future events occur that cause actual results to differ from the assumptions used in making the evaluation. For example, a further downturn

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in the local economy could cause increases in non-performing loans. Additionally, a further decline in real estate values could cause some of our loans to become inadequately collateralized. In either case, this may require us to increase our provision for loan losses, which would negatively impact earnings. Further, the Office of Thrift Supervision, as an integral part of its examination process, periodically reviews our allowance for loan losses. Such agency may require us to recognize adjustments to the allowance based on its judgments about information available to it at the time of its examination. An increase to the allowance required to be made by the Office of Thrift Supervision would negatively impact our earnings. Additionally, a large loss could deplete the allowance and require increased provisions to replenish the allowance, which would negatively affect earnings. See notes 1 and 3 to the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K.

At each of June 30, 2009 and 2008, over 89.2% of the loan portfolio consisted of real estate loans. However, over 19.0% of the real estate loans consisted of multi-family and commercial real estate and construction loans, which carry a higher risk of default than one-to four-family residential real estate loans. The level of the allowance for loan losses has changed due to a provision for loan losses of $729,000 for fiscal 2008, offset by $583,000 in charge-offs. The allowance for loan losses also reflects changes in the size of loan portfolio, which decreased by 4.4% for fiscal 2009 and increased by 6.2% fiscal 2008, respectively.

Fair Value Measurement for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. SFAS 157 establishes a three level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

Management has presented certain financial instruments measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis by level within the hierarchy. Management obtains fair values from various broker pricing sources on a monthly basis, at a minimum, and reviews the fair values for reasonableness. Although the Company believes that it uses the best information available to establish fair values for these certain financial instruments, future changes to the fair value may be significant if certain future events occur that cause actual results to differ from the assumptions used in making determinations about fair value. For example, market data used as inputs to calculate pricing for a particular financial instrument may change dramatically.

Other-than-Temporary Impairment of Investment Securities. There are certain securities in the Company’s portfolio in an unrealized loss position that management believes at this time are temporarily impaired. If the fair value of these securities does not recover in a reasonable period of time or management can no longer demonstrate the ability and intent to hold them until recovery, a write-down through the consolidated statements of income would be necessary.

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the Company’s intent to not sell the security and hold the security until the specified maturity or repricing date. In analyzing the issuer’s financial condition, management considers industry analysts’ reports, financial performance and projected target prices of investment analysts.

Intangible Asset Impairment. The Company has goodwill and core deposit intangible assets arising from a branch purchase. The goodwill is evaluated annually for impairment while the core deposit intangible is being amortized over seven years and also evaluated annually for impairment. Goodwill impairment was tested at May 31, 2009. A valuation analysis identified impairment, and as a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $3.9 million, which eliminated all goodwill at the Company. The goodwill impairment charge did not affect the Company’s regulatory capital or cash flow.

Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance. We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes as prescribed in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. We

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exercise significant judgment in evaluating the amount and timing of recognition of the resulting tax liabilities and assets. These judgments require us to make projections of future taxable income. The judgments and estimates we make in determining our deferred tax assets, which are inherently subjective, are reviewed on a continual basis as regulatory and business factors change. Any reduction in estimated future taxable income may require us to record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. Management determined during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 that a deferred tax asset valuation allowance was warranted for its mutual fund security based on the Company’s ability to generate future capital gains if necessary to offset capital losses. In addition, management determined that no deferred tax asset valuation allowance was warranted for its goodwill impairment write-down due to the expectation of taxable income going forward and the availability of tax planning strategies to generate future income to offset operating losses.

Operating Strategy

Our mission is to operate and grow a profitable community-oriented financial institution. We plan to achieve this by executing our strategy of:

Aggressively attract core deposits

Core deposits (accounts other than certificates of deposit) comprised 53.4% of our total deposits at June 30, 2009. We value core deposits because they represent longer-term customer relationships and a lower cost of funding compared to certificates of deposit. We aggressively seek core deposits through competitive pricing and targeted advertising.

Continue to emphasize the origination of one- to four-family residential real estate loans

Our primary lending activity is the origination of residential mortgage loans secured by homes in our market area. We intend to continue emphasizing the origination of residential mortgage loans going forward. At June 30, 2009, 70.3% of our total loans were one- to four-family residential real estate loans. We believe that our emphasis on residential lending, which carries a lower credit risk, contributes to our high asset quality.

Pursue opportunities to increase multi-family and commercial real estate lending in our market area

Multi-family and commercial real estate loans provide us with the opportunity to earn more income because they tend to have higher interest rates than residential mortgage loans. Additionally, we offer adjustable-rate multi-family and commercial real estate loans. Adjustable-rate loans, which reprice periodically, help to offset the adverse effects of an increase in interest rates, which improves our interest rate risk management. Multi-family and commercial real estate loans increased $3.0 million for the year ended June 30, 2009 and comprised approximately 13.5% of total loans. There are many multi-family and commercial properties located in our market area, and we will continue to pursue these opportunities, while continuing to originate any such loans in accordance with what we believe are our conservative underwriting guidelines.

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Continue to use conservative underwriting practices to maintain the high quality of our loan portfolio

We believe that high asset quality is a key to long-term financial success. We have sought to maintain a high level of asset quality and moderate credit risk by using underwriting standards which we believe are conservative. While our non-performing loans (loans that are 90 or more days delinquent) at June 30, 2009 decreased to 0.8% of our total loan portfolio and 0.6% of our total assets, the decrease was attributable to two residential construction loans totaling $2.2 million being removed from non-accrual status due to $1.8 million in payoffs and $426,000 in charge-offs. We intend to continue our efforts to originate multi-family and commercial real estate loans and our philosophy of managing large loan exposures through our conservative approach to lending.

Provide exceptional service to attract and retain customers

As a community-oriented financial institution, we emphasize providing exceptional customer service as a means to attract and retain customers. We deliver personalized service and respond with flexibility to customer needs. We believe that our community orientation is attractive to our customers and distinguishes us from the large banks that operate in our market area. We have also provided Internet banking since 1997.

Balance Sheet Analysis

Loans. Our primary lending activity is the origination of loans secured by real estate. We originate real estate loans secured by one- to four-family residential real estate, and to a much lesser extent, secured by multi-family and commercial real estate. At June 30, 2009, real estate loans totaled $110.0 million, or 89.2% of total loans, compared to $115.1 million, or 89.9%, of total loans at June 30, 2008.

The largest segment of our real estate loans is one- to four-family residential real estate loans. At June 30, 2009, one- to four-family residential real estate loans totaled $86.6 million, which represented 78.7% of real estate loans and 70.3% of total loans compared to $90.5 million at June 30, 2008, which represented 78.6% of real estate loans and 70.7% of total loans. One- to four-family residential real estate loans decreased $3.9 million, or 4.3%, for the year ended June 30, 2009 due to borrower payoffs from their refinancing with a competitor offering a lower rate, loan roll-off and a reduced demand for these loans.

Multi-family and commercial real estate loans totaled $16.6 million at June 30, 2009, which represented 15.1% of real estate loans and 13.5% of total loans, compared to $13.6 million at June 30, 2008, which represented 11.8% of real estate loans and 10.6% of total loans. Multi-family and commercial real estate loans increased $3.0 million, or 22.4%, for the year ended June 30, 2009 due to the continued emphasis of this type of lending.

We purchase and originate loans secured by mobile homes. Mobile home loans totaled $11.5 million at June 30, 2009, which represented 9.3% of total loans, compared to $11.8 million at June 30, 2008, which represented 9.2% of total loans. To mitigate our exposure to this type of lending, we have limited the amount of mobile home loans to 15% of our loan portfolio. Mobile home loans decreased in fiscal 2009 due to roll-off exceeding additional purchases from Forward National and Mainland Financial. A further discussion of our mobile home loans is contained in “Business—Lending Activities—Mobile Home Loans.”

We also originate construction loans secured by residential, multi-family and commercial real estate and loans to individuals to acquire land upon which they intend to build a residence. This portfolio totaled $6.8 million at June 30, 2009, which represented 5.5% of total loans, compared to $11.1 million at June 30, 2008, which represented 8.7% of total loans. Construction loans decreased $4.3 million, or 38.9%, for the year ended June 30, 2009 primarily due to management reducing exposure in this area, the completion of the construction period for some loans and resulting conversion to permanent loans, and the foreclosure of a $1.0 million construction loan resulting in a charge-off of $426,000.

We also originate a variety of consumer loans, including loans secured by passbook or certificate accounts. Consumer loans totaled $888,000 and represented 0.7% of total loans at June 30, 2009, compared to $824,000, or 0.7% of total loans, at June 30, 2008.

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The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated.

The following table sets forth certain information at June 30, 2009 regarding the dollar amount of loans maturing during the periods indicated. The table does not include any estimate of prepayments, which significantly shorten the average life of all loans and may cause our actual repayment experience to differ from that shown below. Demand loans having no stated schedule of repayments and no stated maturity are reported as due in one year or less.

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The following table sets forth the dollar amount of all loans at June 30, 2009 that are due after June 30, 2010 and have either fixed interest rates or floating or adjustable interest rates.

The following table shows loan activity during the periods indicated.

Securities. Our securities portfolio consists primarily of U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agency securities, mortgage-backed securities and a mutual fund that invests in adjustable-rate loans. Securities decreased approximately $4.8 million, or 26.0%, in the year ended June 30, 2009 primarily due to $9.0 million of U.S. government agency securities being called or maturing and $2.5 million principal collected on mortgage-backed securities offset by $7.0 million of U.S. government agency securities purchases. All of our mortgage-backed securities were issued by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.

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The following table sets forth the carrying amounts and fair values of our securities portfolio at the dates indicated.

At June 30, 2009, we had no investments that had an aggregate book value in excess of 10% of our equity at June 30, 2009. Management analyzed its exposure to U.S. federal agencies securities and mortgage-backed securities held and found no other-than-temporary impairment at June 30, 2009.

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The following table sets forth the maturities and weighted average yields of securities at June 30, 2009. Weighted average yields are not presented on a tax-equivalent basis as the investment portfolio does not include any tax-exempt obligations.

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Deposits. Our primary source of funds is our deposit accounts, which are comprised of demand deposits, savings accounts and time deposits. These deposits are provided primarily by individuals within our market area. We do not use brokered deposits as a source of funding. Deposits increased $584,000, or 0.4%, for the year ended June 30, 2009 primarily due to a $3.1 million increase in time deposits and a $150,000 increase in savings accounts, offset by a $2.6 million decrease in NOW and money market accounts. The Bank aggressively marketed time deposits early in fiscal year 2009 attracting new monies while also seeing movement from other deposit categories.

The following table sets forth the balances of our deposit products at the dates indicated.

The following table indicates the amount of jumbo certificates of deposit by time remaining until maturity as of June 30, 2009. Jumbo certificates of deposit require minimum deposits of $100,000.

The following table sets forth time deposits classified by rates at the dates indicated.

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The following table sets forth the amount and maturities of time deposits at June 30, 2009.

The following table sets forth the deposit activity for the periods indicated.

Borrowings. We use advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank to supplement our supply of lendable funds or to meet deposit withdrawal requirements. The following tables present certain information regarding our advances with the Federal Home Loan Bank during the periods and at the dates indicated.

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Results of Operations for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008

Overview.

Net loss increased $2.4 million, or 723.3%, for fiscal 2009 due primarily to a $3.9 million goodwill impairment write-down, a $401,000 increase in the provision for loan losses and a $471,000 loss in securities trading, offset by a $1.7 million increase in benefit for income taxes.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $420,000, or 11.3%, to $4.1 million for fiscal 2009. The increase in net interest income for fiscal 2009 was primarily attributable to a decrease in interest expense to lower interest rates. Our net interest margin increased from 2.48% for fiscal 2008 to 2.80% for fiscal 2009 and our interest rate spread increased from 2.13% for fiscal 2008 to 2.54% for fiscal 2009.

Total interest income decreased $355,000, or 4.0%, to $8.5 million for fiscal 2009, resulting from lower average balances and interest rates earned. During fiscal 2009, average interest-earning assets decreased by $2.3 million, or 1.6%, to $147.1 million, while the average yield decreased 15 basis points to 5.77%. The composition of interest-earning assets consists of loans, securities and interest-bearing deposits. Interest on loans increased $286,000, or 3.8%, to $7.8 million for fiscal 2009 due to an increase in the average balance, offset by a decrease in the average yield from 6.26% to 6.21%. During fiscal 2009, other interest income decreased $677,000, or 97.1%, due to a decrease in the average balance on federal funds and a decrease in the average yield on overnight federal funds from 4.11% to 0.29%. Interest on securities increased 5.9% due to an increase in the average balance, offset by a decrease in the average yield from 5.03% to 4.29%.

Total interest expense decreased $775,000 or 15.1%, to $4.4 million for fiscal 2009 primarily due to decreases in interest paid on deposits, offset by an increase in interest paid on borrowings. The average interest rate paid on deposits decreased 75 basis points to 2.95%. The interest paid on Federal Home Loan Bank advances increased due to an increase in the average rate paid from 4.86% to 7.00%, offset by a decrease in average balance of Federal Home Loan Bank advances from $9.6 million for fiscal 2008 to $9.1 million for fiscal 2009. The increase in the average rate paid was due to prepayment penalties in connection with the prepayment of higher-interest rate advances.

Average Balances and Yields. The following table presents information regarding average balances of assets and liabilities, the total dollar amounts of interest income and dividends from average interest-earning assets, the total dollar amounts of interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities, and the resulting average yields and costs. The yields and costs for the periods indicated are derived by dividing income or expense by the average balances of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods presented. For purposes of this table, average balances have been calculated using daily average balances.

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