CADIZ INC - Quarter Report: 2022 March (Form 10-Q)

Cadiz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cadiz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cadiz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cadiz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2022 ($ in thousands, except share data)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cadiz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 ($ in thousands, except share data)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cadiz Inc.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes have been prepared by Cadiz Inc., also referred to as “Cadiz” or “the Company”, without audit and should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The foregoing Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which management considers necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, the results of its operations and its cash flows for the periods presented and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the financial statements. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire fiscal year ending December 31, 2022.

Liquidity

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared using accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which assumes realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business.

The Company incurred losses of $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company had working capital of $17.0 million at March 31, 2022 and used cash in its operations of $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The higher loss in 2022 was primarily due to higher compensation costs recorded in the 2022 period related to non-cash stock-based awards to employees.

Cash requirements during the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily reflect certain administrative costs related to the Company’s water project development efforts and the further development of its land and agricultural assets. The Company’s present activities are focused on development of its assets in ways that meet growing long-term demand for access to sustainable water supplies and agricultural products.

On June 7, 2021, the Company completed the sale and issuance of 1,219,512 shares of the Company’s common stock to certain institutional investors under a placement agent agreement with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“BRS”). The shares of common stock were sold at a purchase price of $12.30 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $15 million and aggregate net proceeds of approximately $14.1 million. The Company used the net proceeds from this offering, together with cash on hand, to fund the $19 million payment made on June 30, 2021 to complete the acquisition of a 124-mile extension of the Northern Pipeline.

Cadiz Inc.

On June 29, 2021, the Company entered into an Underwriting Agreement with BRS as representative of the several underwriters named there, to issue and sell an aggregate of 2,000,000 depositary shares (the “Depositary Shares”), as well as up to 300,000 Depositary Shares that may be sold pursuant to the exercise of an option to purchase additional Depositary Shares (“Depositary Share Offering”), each representing 1/1000^th of a share of the 8.875% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). The Depositary Share Offering was completed on July 2, 2021 for net proceeds of approximately $54 million. 

On July 2, 2021, the Company entered into a new $50 million senior secured credit agreement with lenders party thereto from time to time (“Lenders”) and BRS, as administrative agent for the Lenders (“Senior Secured Debt”) (see Note 2 – “Long-Term Debt”). The proceeds of the Senior Secured Debt, together with the proceeds from the Depositary Share Offering, were used (a) to repay all our outstanding obligations under the then existing senior secured debt in the amount of approximately $77.5 million, (b) to deposit approximately $10.2 million into a segregated account, representing an amount sufficient to pre-fund eight quarterly dividend payments on the Series A Preferred Stock underlying the Depositary Shares issued in the Depositary Share Offering, and (c) to pay transaction related expenses. The remaining proceeds will be used for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes. At March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with its debt covenants.

On March 23, 2022, the Company completed the sale and issuance of 6,857,140 shares of the Company’s common stock to certain institutional and individual investors in a registered direct offering. The shares of common stock were sold at a purchase price of $1.75 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $12 million and aggregate net proceeds of approximately $11.7 million. The proceeds will be used for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes.

The Company may meet its debt and working capital requirements through a variety of means, including extension, refinancing, equity placements, the sale or other disposition of assets, or reductions in operating costs. The covenants in the Senior Secured Debt do not prohibit the Company’s use of additional equity financing and allow the Company to retain 100% of the proceeds of any common equity financing. The Company does not expect the loan covenants to materially limit its ability to finance its water and agricultural development activities.

Management assesses whether the Company has sufficient liquidity to fund its costs for the next twelve months from each financial statement issuance date. Management evaluates the Company’s liquidity to determine if there is a substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In the preparation of this liquidity assessment, management applies judgement to estimate the projected cash flows of the Company including the following: (i) projected cash outflows (ii) projected cash inflows and (iii) categorization of expenditures as discretionary versus non-discretionary. The cash flow projections are based on known or planned cash requirements for operating costs as well as planned costs for project development.  

Limitations on the Company’s liquidity and ability to raise capital may adversely affect it. Sufficient liquidity is critical to meet the Company’s resource development activities. Although the Company currently expects its sources of capital to be sufficient to meet its near-term liquidity needs, there can be no assurance that its liquidity requirements will continue to be satisfied. If the Company cannot raise needed funds, it might be forced to make substantial reductions in its operating expenses, which could adversely affect its ability to implement its current business plan and ultimately its viability as a company.

Cadiz Inc.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, approximately $875,000 in interest payments on the Company’s senior secured debt was paid in cash. There are no scheduled principal payments due on the Senior Secured Debt prior to its maturity.

At March 31, 2022, accruals for cash dividends payable on the Series A Preferred Stock was $1.27 million (see Note 8 – “Common and Preferred Stock”). The cash dividends were paid on April 15, 2022.

The balance of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows is comprised of the following:

The restricted cash amounts primarily represent funds deposited into a segregated account, representing an amount sufficient to pre-fund quarterly dividend payments on Series A Preferred Stock underlying the Depositary Shares issued in the Depositary Share Offering through approximately July 2023.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update which introduces new guidance for the accounting for credit losses on certain financial instruments. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing this new guidance and expects this new standard will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 2 – LONG-TERM DEBT

The carrying value of the Company’s senior secured debt approximates fair value. The fair value of the Company’s senior secured debt (Level 2) is determined based on an estimation of discounted future cash flows of the debt at rates currently quoted or offered to the Company by its lenders for similar debt instruments of comparable maturities by its lenders.

Cadiz Inc.

On June 28, 2021, an affiliate of BRS entered into an assignment and assumption agreement (“Assignment”) whereby it agreed to purchase all outstanding obligations under the Company’s then existing senior secured debt for $77.5 million. This Assignment closed on July 2, 2021. 

On July 2, 2021, the Company entered into a new $50 million senior secured credit agreement (“Credit Agreement”) with Lenders and BRS, as administrative agent for the Lenders (“Senior Secured Debt”). The Senior Secured Debt will mature on July 2, 2024, unless the maturity is accelerated subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement. Interest is paid quarterly beginning on September 30, 2021 at a rate of seven percent per annum.  The obligations under the Senior Secured Debt are secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets on a first-priority basis (except as otherwise provided in the Credit Agreement). In connection with any repayment or prepayment of the debt, the Company is required to pay a repayment fee equal to the principal amount being repaid or prepaid, multiplied by (i) 2.0%, if such repayment or prepayment is made on or after the six-month anniversary of the closing of the debt and prior to the eighteen-month anniversary of the closing of the debt, (ii) 4.0%, if such repayment or prepayment is made on or after the eighteen-month anniversary of the closing of the debt and prior to the thirty-month anniversary of the closing of the debt, and (iii) 6.0%, if such repayment or prepayment is made at any time after the thirty-month anniversary of the closing of the debt. At any time, the Company will be permitted to prepay the principal of the debt, in whole or in part, provided that such prepayment is accompanied by any accrued interest on such principal amount being prepaid plus the applicable repayment fee described above.

In the event of certain asset sales, the incurrence of indebtedness or a casualty or condemnation event, in each case, under certain circumstances as described in the Credit Agreement, the Company will be required to use a portion of the proceeds to prepay amounts under the debt. In the event of any additional issuance of depositary receipts (“Depositary Receipts”) representing interests in shares of 8.875% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) by the Company, the Company will be required to, within five business days after the receipt of the net cash proceeds, apply (i) 50%, in the case of any issuance immediately following the six months anniversary of the closing of the debt and up to and including the one year anniversary of the closing of the debt and (ii) 75%, in the case of any issuance anytime thereafter, of the net cash proceeds to prepay amounts due under the debt (including the applicable repayment fee described above). 

The Credit Agreement includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, including delivery of financial statements and other reports. The negative covenants limit the ability of the Company to, among other things, incur debt, incur liens, make investments, sell assets, pay dividends and enter into transactions with affiliates. In addition, the Credit Agreement includes customary events of default and remedies.

While any amount remains outstanding under the debt, the Lenders will have the right to convert the outstanding principal, plus unpaid interest, on the debt into Depositary Receipts at the per share exchange price of $25.00, as follows:

Cadiz Inc.

The proceeds of the Senior Secured Debt were used, together with the proceeds received from the Depositary Share Offering, (a) to repay all of the Company’s outstanding obligations under the then existing senior secured debt, (b) to deposit approximately $10.2 million into a segregated account, representing an amount sufficient to pre-fund eight quarterly dividend payments on the Series A Preferred Stock underlying the Depositary Shares issued in the Depositary Share Offering, and (c) to pay transaction related expenses. The remaining proceeds will be used for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes. In addition, the Company incurred approximately $2.9 million in legal and advisory fees which was recorded as additional debt discount and is being amortized over the term of the Senior Secured Debt.

In connection with the issuance of the Senior Secured Debt, on July 2, 2021 (the “Original Issue Date”) the Company issued to the Lenders two warrants (“A Warrants” and “B Warrants”), each granting an option to purchase 500,000 shares of our common stock (collectively, the “Warrants”). The A Warrants may be exercised any time prior to July 2, 2024 (the “Expiration Date”) and have an exercise price of $17.38 equal to 120% of the closing price per share of our common stock on the Original Issue Date. The B Warrants may be exercised in the period from 180 days after the Original Issue Date to the Expiration Date and have an exercise price of $21.72 equal to 150% of the closing price of our common stock on the Original Issue Date.

As a result of the issuance of the Warrants, which met the criteria for equity classification under applicable GAAP, the Company recorded additional paid-in capital in the amount of $1.9 million which was the fair value of the Warrants on the issuance date. In addition, the fair value of the Warrants was recorded as debt discount and is being amortized over the term of the Senior Secured Debt.

NOTE 3 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

The Company has issued options and has granted stock awards pursuant to its 2019 Equity Incentive Plan, as described below.

Cadiz Inc.

2019 Equity Incentive Plan

The 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (“2019 EIP”) was approved by stockholders at the July 10, 2019 Annual Meeting. The plan provides for the grant and issuance of up to 1,200,000 shares and options to the Company’s employees, directors and consultants.

Effective July 1, 2021, under the 2019 EIP, each outside director receives $75,000 of cash compensation and receives a deferred stock award consisting of shares of the Company’s common stock with a value equal to $25,000 on June 30 of each year. The award accrues on a quarterly basis, with $18,750 of cash compensation and $6,250 of stock earned for each fiscal quarter in which a director serves. The deferred stock award vests automatically on the January 31 that first follows the award date.

Stock Awards to Directors, Officers, and Consultants

The Company has granted stock awards pursuant to its 2019 EIP.

Of the total 1,200,000 shares reserved under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan, 1,124,939 shares and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) have been awarded to the Company directors, employees and consultants as of March 31, 2022. Of the 1,124,939 shares and RSUs awarded, 14,243 shares were awarded to the Company’s directors for services performed during the plan year ended June 30, 2021. These shares vested and were issued on January 31, 2022. 

825,000 RSUs were granted to employees in April 2021 as long-term equity incentive awards ( “April 2021 RSU Grant”).  Of the 825,000 RSUs granted under the April 2021 RSU Grant, 510,000 RSUs were scheduled to vest upon completion of certain milestones, including (a) 255,000 RSUs which vested in July 2021 upon completion of refinancing of the Company’s then existing senior secured debt and funding to complete the purchase of the Northern Pipeline (“Vesting Event”), and (b) 255,000 RSUs scheduled to vest upon completion of final binding water supply agreement(s) for the delivery of at least 9,500 acre-feet of water per annum to customers. Of the remaining 315,000 RSUs granted under the April 2021 RSU Grant, 60,000 RSUs are scheduled to vest on January 3, 2023, and 255,000 RSUs are scheduled to vest on March 1, 2023. The RSU incentive awards are subject in each case to continued employment with the Company through the vesting date.

Of the 255,000 RSUs earned upon the Vesting Event, the Company issued 158,673 shares net of taxes withheld and paid in cash by the Company.

Upon the change of the Executive Chair on  February 4, 2022, a total of 170,000 unvested RSUs were accelerated and became fully vested as a result of an amended employee agreement, which included 85,000 RSUs scheduled to vest upon completion of final binding water supply agreement(s) and 85,000 RSUs scheduled to vest on March 1, 2023.

Additionally, the Company issued 450,000 of performance stock unites (“PSUs”) upon achievement of certain performance events.  The PSUs vest upon the Company’s common stock achieving price hurdles (“Price Hurdles”) but not sooner than three years from date of grant, including (a) 200,000 PSUs to vest upon a Price Hurdle of $7 per share, (b) 150,000 PSUs to vest upon a Price Hurdle of $9 per share, (c) 50,000 PSUs to vest upon a Price Hurdle of $11 per share, and (d) 50,000 PSUs to vest upon a Price Hurdle of $13 per share and are payable, at the option of the Compensation Committee, in either common stock or cash.  The PSU incentive award is subject to continue employment with the Company through the vesting date.

Cadiz Inc.

The accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss include approximately $433,000 and $146,000 of stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE 4 – INCOME TAXES

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards of approximately $334 million for federal income tax purposes and $268 million for California state income tax purposes. Such carryforwards expire in varying amounts through the year 2038 and 2041 for federal and California purposes, respectively. For federal losses arising in tax years ending after December 31, 2017, the NOL carryforwards are allowed indefinitely. Use of the carryforward amounts is subject to an annual limitation as a result of a previous ownership change and an ownership change that occurred in June 2021.

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits totaling approximately $0.9 million. None of these, if recognized, would affect the Company's effective tax rate because the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against deferred tax assets.

The Company's tax years 2018 through 2021 remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service, and tax years 2017 through 2021 remain subject to examination by California tax jurisdictions. In addition, the Company's loss carryforward amounts are generally subject to examination and adjustment for a period of three years for federal tax purposes and four years for California purposes, beginning when such carryovers are utilized to reduce taxes in a future tax year.

Because it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize its net deferred tax assets, it has recorded a full valuation allowance against all deferred assets. Accordingly, no deferred tax asset has been reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet.

NOTE 5 – NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average common shares outstanding. Options, deferred stock units, convertible debt, convertible preferred shares and warrants were not considered in the computation of net loss per share because their inclusion would have been antidilutive. Had these instruments been included, the fully diluted weighted average shares outstanding would have increased by approximately 1,533,000 and 3,442,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Cadiz Inc.

NOTE 6 – LEASES & PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENT AND WATER PROGRAMS

The Company has operating leases for right-of-way agreements, corporate offices, vehicles and office equipment. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms of 1 month to 28 years as of March 31, 2022, some of which include options to extend or terminate the lease. However, the Company is not reasonably certain to exercise options to renew or terminate, and therefore renewal and termination options are not included in the lease term or the right-of-use asset and lease liability balances. The Company's current lease arrangements expire in 2049.  The Company does not have any finance leases.

From a lessor standpoint, in February 2016, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Fenner Valley Farms LLC (“FVF”) (the “lessee”), pursuant to which FVF is leasing, for a 99-year term, 2,100 acres owned by Cadiz in San Bernardino County, California, to be used to plant, grow and harvest agricultural crops (“FVF Lease Agreement”).  As consideration for the lease, FVF paid the Company a one-time payment of $12.0 million upon closing.  The Company expects to receive rental income of $420,000 annually over the next five years related to the FVF Lease Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, $968,000 on construction in progress was placed into service, which included irrigation systems related to the development of 760 acres of alfalfa.

Depreciation expense on land improvements, buildings, leasehold improvements, machinery and equipment and furniture and fixtures was $121,000 and $103,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE 7 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The Company considers a security that trades at least weekly to have an active market. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable, such as quoted prices, interest rates and yield curves. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.  

NOTE 8 – COMMON AND PREFERRED STOCK

Common Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 70 million shares of Common Stock at a $0.01 par value. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had 50,750,304 shares issued and outstanding.

In January 2013, the Company revised its then existing agreement with the law firm of Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck LLP (“Brownstein”), a related party.  Under this agreement, the Company is to issue up to a total of 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, with 200,000 shares earned to date and 100,000 shares to be earned upon the achievement of each of two remaining milestones as follows:

Cadiz Inc.

All shares earned upon achievement of any of the remaining two milestones will be payable three years from the date earned.  

Series 1 Preferred Stock

The Company has issued a total of 10,000 shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock (“Series 1 Preferred Stock”) to certain holders (“Holders”) under certain conversion and exchange agreements entered into in March 2020. Each share of Series 1 Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the Holder into 405.05 shares of Common Stock. As of March 31, 2022, Holders of Series 1 Preferred Stock exercised their option to convert 9,671 shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock into 3,917,235 shares of Common Stock. The Company has 329 shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022.

Series A Preferred Stock

On June 29, 2021, the Company entered into an Underwriting Agreement with BRS as representative of the several underwriters named there, to issue and sell an aggregate of 2,000,000 depositary shares (the “Depositary Shares”), as well as up to 300,000 Depositary Shares that may be sold pursuant to the exercise of an option to purchase additional Depositary Shares (“Depositary Share Offering”), each representing 1/1000^th of a share of the 8.875% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). The Depositary Share Offering was completed on July 2, 2021 for net proceeds of approximately $54 million.

On July 1, 2021, the Company filed the Certificate of Designation (“Certificate of Designation”) for the Series A Preferred Stock with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, which became effective upon acceptance for record. The Certificate of Designation classified a total of 7,500 shares of the Company’s authorized shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, as Series A Preferred Stock.

As set forth in the Certificate of Designation, the Series A Preferred Stock will rank, as to dividend rights and rights upon the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up: (i) senior to Common Stock of the Company; (ii) junior to the Series 1 Preferred Stock with respect to the distribution of assets upon the Company’s voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up; (iii) senior to the Series 1 Preferred Stock with respect to the payment of dividends and (iv) effectively junior to all the Company’s existing and future indebtedness (including indebtedness convertible into Common Stock or preferred stock) and to the indebtedness and other liabilities of (as well as any preferred equity interests held by others in) the Company’s existing or future subsidiaries.

Cadiz Inc.

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock, when and as authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors, are entitled to cumulative cash dividends at the rate of 8.875% of the $25,000.00 ($25.00 per Depositary Share) liquidation preference per year (equivalent to $2,218.75 per share per year or $2.21875 per Depositary Share per year). Dividends will be payable quarterly in arrears, on or about the 15^th of January, April, July and October, beginning on or about October 15, 2021. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has paid aggregate cash dividends of $2,737,000. On March 25, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors declared that holders of Series A Preferred stock will receive a cash dividend equal to $550.00 per whole share; therefore, holders of Depositary Shares will receive a cash dividend equal to $0.55 per Depositary Share. The dividend was paid on April 15, 2022 to respective holders of record at of the close of business on April 4, 2022.

At the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Company pre-funded eight quarterly payments through July 2023 in a segregated account which appears as Restricted Cash on the Balance Sheet. Dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock underlying the depositary shares will continue to accumulate whether or not (i) any of our agreements prohibit the current payment of dividends, (ii) we have earnings or funds legally available to pay the dividends, or (iii) our Board of Directors does not declare the payment of the dividends.

Holders of depositary shares representing interests in the Series A Preferred Stock generally will have no voting rights. However, if we do not pay dividends on any outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock for six or more quarterly dividend periods (whether or not declared or consecutive), holders of the Series A Preferred Stock (voting separately as a class with all other outstanding series of preferred stock upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable) will be entitled to elect two additional directors to the Board of Directors to serve until all unpaid dividends have been fully paid or declared and set apart for payment.

On and after July 2, 2026, the shares of Series A Preferred Stock will be redeemable at the Company’s option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to $25,000.00 per share ($25.00 per Depositary Share), plus any accrued and unpaid dividends. Furthermore, upon a change of control or delisting event (each as defined in the Certificate of Designation), the Company will have a special option to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at $25,000.00 per share ($25.00 per Depositary Share), plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

Shares of Series A Preferred Stock are convertible into shares of Common Stock if, and only if, a change of control or delisting event (each as defined in the Certificate of Designation) has occurred, and the Company has not elected to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock prior to the applicable conversion date. Upon any conversion, each share of Series A Preferred Stock will be converted into that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the lesser of (i) the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the sum of (x) the $25,000 liquidation preference per share plus (y) the amount of an accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the conversion date by (B) the Common Stock Purchase Price (as defined in the Certificate of Designation), and (ii) 3,748.13 (the “Share Cap”), subject to certain adjustments.

The Company has 2,300 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022.

Cadiz Inc.

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the following discussion contains trend analysis and other forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “intends”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “projects”, “forecasts”, “expects”, “plans” and “proposes”. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there are a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements. These include, among others, our ability to maximize value from our land and water resources and our ability to obtain new financings as needed to meet our ongoing working capital needs. See additional discussion under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Our forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. We assume no duty to update these forward-looking statements to reflect new, changed or unanticipated events or circumstances, other than as may be required by law.

We are a water resources development company and agribusiness committed to sustainable water and farming projects in California. We are one of the largest private landowners in the state and control significant water supply, storage and conveyance assets capable of being part of the solution to California’s systemic water challenges.

We own approximately 45,000 acres of land with high-quality, naturally recharging groundwater resources in three areas of Southern California’s Mojave Desert – the Cadiz Valley (35,000 acres), Danby Dry Lake (2,000 acres), and the Piute Valley (9,000 acres) (“Cadiz Property”). Our properties represent a unique private reserve of lands with vested water rights located in a remote area of eastern San Bernardino County that is at the crossroads of major highway, rail, energy, and water infrastructure capable of supplying and delivering necessary resources to communities in California and across Western United States.

California and the Western United States face a persistent challenge in meeting the water needs of all of its residents. While the State of California has recognized a Human Right to Water, competing municipal, agricultural and environmental demands outpace the State’s available supply limiting the ability to deliver on that promise. Recent analysis from the California State Water Resources Control Board estimates that more than 1 million Californians lack reliable access to water and several communities are short of long-term safe, reliable and affordable drinking water supplies.

We are principally focused on developing the Cadiz Valley Water Conservation, Recovery and Storage Project (“Water Project”) at our Cadiz Valley property that can help address California’s persistent systemic water challenges and deliver new water access to California communities that presently lack reliable water supplies and infrastructure. Through management of groundwater at the Cadiz Property, the Water Project would conserve groundwater otherwise used for agriculture to augment supply in California communities in need and also make available capacity in the managed groundwater aquifer system at Cadiz to bank and store imported water for future dry years.

Cadiz Inc.

The Water Project has completed extensive environmental review in accordance with local, state and federal law and has secured permits to manage the groundwater aquifer in Cadiz to make available an average of 50,000 acre-feet of water per year for 50 years to communities off of the Cadiz Property. Permitting has also authorized the storage of imported water in the aquifer system to return in dry years.  The Cadiz aquifer system has the capacity to store one million acre-feet of imported water. 

To deliver water to and from the Cadiz Property for participating water providers, the Water Project must provide conveyance facilities capable of connecting Cadiz and areas in need.  We own a retired, 30” steel pipeline (“Northern Pipeline”) previously used to convey oil that extends 220-miles from California’s Central Valley near the California Aqueduct southeast across Kern and San Bernardino Counties terminating in Cadiz.  This pipeline crosses the Los Angeles Aqueduct and facilities of the State Water Project. Engineering and technical assessments indicate that the Northern Pipeline can safely convey 25,000 acre-feet of water in either direction. We also maintain a 99-year lease with the Arizona & California Railroad Company (“ARZC”) to co-locate and construct a 43-mile, approximately 55-85” steel water conveyance pipeline (“Southern Pipeline”) within the existing, active railroad right-of-way that intersects the Colorado River Aqueduct (“CRA”), one of Southern California’s primary sources of drinking water in Southern California.  The Southern Pipeline could convey up to approximately 150,000 acre-feet per year in either direction. 

To utilize the Northern Pipeline for water conveyance related to the Water Project or to construct and operate the Southern Pipeline in coordination with existing water conveyance facilities, we must complete additional permitting and regulatory processes.

We expect to complete any necessary permitting in coordination with any contract by a third party to use the facility.

Our agricultural operations currently provide the Company’s principal source of revenue, although our working capital needs are not fully supported by our agricultural lease and farming returns at this time. We believe that the ultimate implementation of the Water Project will provide a significant source of future cash flow for the business and our stockholders. We presently rely upon debt and equity financing to support our working capital needs and development of the Water Project (see “Liquidity and Capital Resources”, below).

Our current and future operations also include activities that further our commitments to sustainable stewardship of our land and water resources, good governance and corporate social responsibility. We believe these commitments are important investments that will assist in maintenance of sustained stockholder value.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022, Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

We have not received significant revenues from our water resource and real estate development activity to date. Our revenues have been limited to rental income from our agricultural leases. As a result, we have historically incurred a net loss from operations. We incurred a net loss of $5.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to a $5.9 million net loss during the three months ended March 31, 2021. The higher 2022 loss was primarily due to stock-based non-cash bonus awards to employees.

Cadiz Inc.

Our primary expenses are our ongoing overhead costs associated with the development of the Water Project (i.e., general and administrative expense) and our interest expense. We will continue to incur non-cash expenses in connection with our management and director equity incentive compensation plans.

Revenues Revenue totaled $142,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $139,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Revenues primarily related to rental income from our agricultural leases.

General and Administrative Expenses General and Administrative Expenses, exclusive of stock-based compensation costs, totaled $3.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $3.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Compensation costs for stock and option awards for the three months ended March 31, 2022, were $0.4 million, compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The higher 2022 expense was primarily due to stock-based non-cash bonus awards to employees.

Interest Expense, net Net interest expense totaled $2.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $2.5 million during the same period in 2021. The following table summarizes the components of net interest expense for the two periods (in thousands):

Loss from Equity-Method Investments Loss from equity-method investments related to our 50% ownership in the SoCal Hemp JV LLC totaled $134,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $203,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Current Financing Arrangements

As we have not received significant revenues from our development activities to date, we have been required to obtain financing to bridge the gap between the time water resource and other development expenses are incurred and the time that revenue will commence. Historically, we have addressed these needs primarily through secured debt financing arrangements and private equity placements.

Cadiz Inc.

On June 7, 2021, we completed the sale and issuance of 1,219,512 shares of the Company’s common stock to certain institutional investors under a placement agent agreement with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“BRS”). The shares of common stock were sold at a purchase price of $12.30 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $15 million and aggregate net proceeds of approximately $14.1 million. We used the net proceeds from this offering, together with cash on hand, to fund the $19 million payment made on June 30, 2021 to complete the acquisition of a 124-mile extension of the Northern Pipeline.

On June 29, 2021, we entered into an Underwriting Agreement with BRS as representative of the several underwriters named therein, to issue and sell an aggregate of 2,000,000 depositary shares (the “Depositary Shares”), as well as up to 300,000 Depositary Shares that may be sold pursuant to the exercise of an option to purchase additional Depositary Shares, each representing 1/1000^th of a share of Series A Preferred Stock (“Depositary Share Offering”). The liquidation preference of each of each share of Series A Preferred Stock is $25,000 ($25.00 per Depositary Share). The Depositary Share Offering was completed on July 2, 2021 for net proceeds of approximately $54 million.

On July 2, 2021, we entered into a $50 million new credit agreement (“Credit Agreement”) (see Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – “Long-Term Debt”). The proceeds of the Credit Agreement, together with the proceeds from the Depositary Share Offering, were used to (a) to repay all our outstanding obligations under the then existing senior secured debt in the amount of approximately $77.5 million (b) to deposit approximately $10.2 million into a segregated account, representing an amount sufficient to pre-fund eight quarterly dividend payments on the Series A Preferred Stock underlying the Depositary Shares issued in the Depositary Share Offering, and (c) to pay transaction related expenses. The remaining proceeds will be used for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes.

On March 23, 2022, we completed the sale and issuance of 6,857,140 shares of the Company’s common stock to certain institutional and individual investors in a registered direct offering. The shares of common stock were sold at a purchase price of $1.75 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $12 million and aggregate net proceeds of approximately $11.7 million. The proceeds will be used for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes.

Limitations on our liquidity and ability to raise capital may adversely affect us.  Sufficient liquidity is critical to meet our resource development activities.  To the extent additional capital is required, we may increase liquidity through a variety of means, including equity or debt placements, through the lease, sale or other disposition of assets or reductions in operating costs.  If additional capital is required, no assurances can be given as to the availability and terms of any new financing.

As we continue to actively pursue our business strategy, additional financing will continue to be required.  See “Outlook” below.  The covenants in the Senior Secured Debt do not prohibit our use of additional equity financing and allow us to retain 100% of the proceeds of any equity financing.  We do not expect the loan covenants to materially limit our ability to finance our water and agricultural development activities.

Cadiz Inc.

Cash Used in Operating Activities. Cash used in operating activities totaled $3.2 million and $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The cash was primarily used to fund general and administration expenses related to our water development efforts and agricultural development efforts.

Cash Used in Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities totaled $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The cash used in the 2021 period primarily related to development costs for the initial planting of 760 acres of alfalfa. The 2020 period included additions to well development and water quality and structural testing of a five-mile segment of pipeline.

Cash Provided by Financing Activities. Cash provided by financing activities totaled $10.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared with cash provided of $14.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Proceeds from financing activities for both periods reported are primarily related to the issuance of shares under direct and at-the-market offerings.

Outlook

Short-Term Outlook. In March 2022, the registered direct offering of common stock provided net cash proceeds of approximately $11.7 million. These net cash proceeds, together with cash on hand, provide us with sufficient funds to meet our short-term working capital needs.

Long-Term Outlook. In the longer term, we will need to raise additional capital to finance working capital needs and capital expenditures (see “Current Financing Arrangements”, above). Our future working capital needs will depend upon the specific measures we pursue in the entitlement and development of our water resources and other developments. Future capital expenditures will depend on the progress of the Water Project and further expansion of our agricultural assets.

We are evaluating the amount of cash needed, and the manner in which such cash will be raised, on an ongoing basis. We may meet any future cash requirements through a variety of means, including equity or debt placements, or through the sale or other disposition of assets. Equity placements will be undertaken only to the extent necessary, so as to minimize the dilutive effect of any such placements upon our existing stockholders. No assurances can be given, however, as to the availability or terms of any new financing. Limitations on our liquidity and ability to raise capital may adversely affect us. Sufficient liquidity is critical to meet our resource development activities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – “Basis of Presentation”.

Cadiz Inc.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Reg. 240.12b-2 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information related to the Company, including its consolidated entities, is accumulated and communicated to senior management, including the Chief Executive Officer (the “Principal Executive Officer”) and Chief Financial Officer (the “Principal Financial Officer”) and to its Board of Directors. Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2022, the Company's Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

In connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, there was no change identified in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal controls over financial reporting.

Cadiz Inc.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

There have been no material changes to legal proceedings described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Cadiz Inc.

The following exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Cadiz Inc.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Cadiz Inc.