CareDx, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2018 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

or

For the transition period from           to           

Commission file number: 001-36536

CAREDX, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

3260 Bayshore Boulevard

Brisbane, California 94005

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(415) 287-2300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

There were 35,283,152 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock issued and outstanding as of May 8, 2018.

CareDx, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CareDx, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CareDx, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CareDx, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CareDx, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CareDx, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

CareDx, Inc. (“CareDx” or the “Company”) together with its subsidiaries, is a global transplant diagnostics company with product offerings along the pre- and post-transplant continuum.  The Company focuses on discovery, development and commercialization of clinically differentiated, high-value diagnostic surveillance solutions for transplant patients.  In post-transplant diagnostics, the Company offers AlloMap®, which is a heart transplant molecular test and AlloSure®, which is a donor-derived cell free DNA (“dd-cfDNA”) test initially used for kidney transplant patients.  In pre-transplant diagnostics, the Company offers high quality products that increase the chance of successful transplants by facilitating a better match between a donor and a recipient of stem cells and organs.

AlloMap is a gene expression test that helps clinicians monitor and identify heart transplant recipients with stable graft function who have a low probability of moderate to severe acute cellular rejection.  Since 2008, the Company has sought to expand the adoption and utilization of its AlloMap solution through ongoing studies to substantiate the clinical utility and actionability of AlloMap, secure positive reimbursement decisions for AlloMap from large private and public payers, develop and enhance its relationships with key members of the transplant community, including opinion leaders at major transplant centers, and explore opportunities and technologies for the development of additional solutions for post-transplant surveillance.  The Company believes the use of AlloMap, in conjunction with other clinical indicators, can help healthcare providers and their patients better manage long-term care following a heart transplant. In particular, the Company believes AlloMap can improve patient care by helping healthcare providers avoid the use of unnecessary, invasive surveillance biopsies and determine the appropriate dosage levels of immunosuppressants. AlloMap has received 510(k) clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) for marketing and sale as a test to aid in the identification of recipients with a low probability of moderate or severe acute cellular rejection.  A 510(k) submission is a premarketing submission made to the FDA. Clearance may be granted by the FDA if it finds the device or test provides satisfactory evidence pertaining to the claimed intended uses and indications for the device or test.

On October 9, 2017, the Company commercially launched AlloSure, its proprietary next-generation sequencing-based test to measure dd-cfDNA after transplantation. The Company believes the use of AlloSure, in conjunction with other clinical indicators, can help healthcare providers and their patients better manage long-term care following a kidney transplant. In particular, the Company believes AlloSure can improve patient care by helping healthcare providers to reduce the use of invasive biopsies and determine the appropriate dosage levels of immunosuppressants.

The Company also develops, manufactures, markets and sells products that increase the chance of successful transplants by facilitating a better match between a donor and a recipient of stem cells and organs. Olerup SSP® is used to type Human Leukocyte Antigen, or HLA alleles, based on the sequence specific primer, or SSP technology.  Olerup SBT^TM is a complete product range for sequence-based typing, of HLA alleles. Olerup QTYPE® enables speed and precision in HLA typing at a low to intermediate resolution for samples that require a fast turn-around-time and uses real-time polymerase chain reaction, or PCR methodology. QTYPE received CE mark certification on April 10, 2018.  

On May 4, 2018, the Company entered into a License and Commercialization Agreement with Illumina, Inc. (“Illumina”), which provides the Company with worldwide distribution, development and commercialization rights to Illumina’s next generation sequencing (“NGS”) product line for use in transplantation diagnostic testing. See Note 17 for further details.

The Company’s headquarters are in Brisbane, California; primary operations are in Brisbane, U.S. and Stockholm, Sweden; and the Company operates in two reportable segments.

Liquidity and Going Concern

The Company has incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations since its inception and had an accumulated deficit of $274.1 million at March 31, 2018. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $18.7 million, and $10.2 million of debt outstanding under its debt obligations, of which $0.5 million is current.

On April 17, 2018, the Company entered into a new credit agreement with Perceptive Credit Holdings II, LP (“Perceptive”) for an initial term loan of $15.0 million and repaid the outstanding indebtedness of the promissory notes issued by Allenex AB (“Allenex”) to FastPartner AB and Mohammed Al Moudi and the term loan and credit facility with Danske Bank A/S (“Danske”).  A second tranche of $10.0 million will be available at the Company’s option subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions. Refer to Note 17 for additional details.

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The Company may require additional financing in the future to fund working capital and pay its obligations as they come due.  Additional financing might include one or more offerings and one or more of a combination of equity securities, debt arrangements or collaborations.  However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in acquiring additional funding at levels sufficient to fund its operations or on terms favorable to the Company. The Company believes that the net proceeds from the Perceptive refinancing, as well as its existing cash balance and expected revenues, will be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash requirements for at least the next 12 months.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The significant accounting policies and estimates used in preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are described in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. Material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 are reflected below.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), and follow the requirements of the SEC for interim reporting.  As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted.  These financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial information.  The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 has been derived from audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the financial information required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.  Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions have been eliminated.  The Company acquired CareDx International AB, formerly Allenex AB, or Allenex, on April 14, 2016.  Since the acquisition of Allenex through March 15, 2018, the Company owned less than 100% of the shares of Allenex and recorded a net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in its condensed consolidated statements of operations equal to the percentage of the economic or ownership interest retained by the respective noncontrolling parties in such entities.  On March 15, 2018, the Company acquired the remaining noncontrolling interest in Allenex and has not reported any noncontrolling interest balances since this date.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to (i) variable transaction price consideration related to contracts with customers, (ii) the determination of the accruals for clinical studies, (iii) the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, including contingent consideration, (iv) inventory valuation, (v) the valuation of common stock warrant liability,  (vi) the fair value of embedded derivatives, (vii) measurement of stock-based compensation expense, (viii) the determination of the valuation allowance and estimated tax benefit associated with deferred tax assets and net deferred tax liability, (ix) any impairment of long-lived assets, including in-process technology and goodwill, and (x) legal contingencies.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, approximately 42% and 28%, respectively, of total revenue was derived from Medicare. No other payers or customers represented more than 10% of total revenue for these periods

At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, approximately 19% and 16%, respectively, of accounts receivable was due from Medicare.  No other payer or customer represented more than 10% of accounts receivable on either March 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017.

Restricted Cash

A restricted cash balance of $9.4 million was released and is no longer classified as restricted cash as of March 31, 2018, upon the full conversion of the debt obligation to JGB Collateral LLC and certain of its affiliates (“JGB”) (refer to Note 10).

As a condition of the lease agreements for certain facilities and an agreement with the State of Florida Medicaid, the Company must maintain letters of credit, minimum collateral requirements and a surety bond.  These agreements are collateralized by cash.  The cash

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used to support these arrangements is classified as long-term restricted cash on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Common Stock Warrant Liability and Derivative Liability

Common Stock Warrant Liability

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2017-11, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features and Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral of Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception.  The Company determined that the common stock warrants issued to JGB meet equity classification criteria under the new standard and reclassified $6.6 million (fair value of JGB warrants as of January 1, 2018) from warrant liability to equity (additional paid in capital). The new standard did not impact the classification of other warrants included in the warrant liability balance as these financial instruments have other down-round anti-dilution adjustments features.

Derivative Liability

The JGB Debt included certain embedded derivatives that required bifurcation, including settlement and penalty provisions.  The combined embedded derivative was remeasured at each reporting period with changes recorded in change in estimated fair value of common stock warrant liability and derivative liability in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  As of March 27, 2018, the JGB Debt was fully converted to shares of the Company’s common stock.  The change in the fair market value of the derivative liability through March 27, 2018 was recorded in change in estimated fair value of common stock warrant liability and derivative liability in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  

Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue from testing services, products, and license and other revenue in the amount that reflects the consideration which it expects to be entitled in exchange for goods or services as it transfers control to its customers.  Revenue is recorded considering a five-step model that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when, or as, an entity satisfies a performance obligation.

Testing Revenue

AlloMap and AlloSure patient tests are ordered by healthcare providers.  The Company receives a test requisition form with payer information along with a collected patient blood sample. The Company considers the patient to be its customer and the test requisition form a contract. Testing services are performed in the Company’s laboratory. Testing services represent one performance obligation in a contract and are performed when results of the test are provided to the healthcare provider, at a point of time.

The healthcare providers that order the tests and on whose behalf we provide our testing services are generally not responsible for the payment of these services.  The first and second revenue recognition criteria are satisfied when the Company receives a test requisition form with payer information from the healthcare provider.  Generally, the Company bills third-party payers upon delivery of an AlloMap or AlloSure test result to the healthcare provider. Amounts received may vary amongst payers based on coverage practices and policies of the payer.  The Company has used the portfolio approach, a practical expedient under the new standard, to identify financial classes of payers. Transaction prices are determined for each financial class using history of reimbursements, including analysis of an average reimbursement per test and a percentage of tests reimbursed. The Company estimates revenue for non-contracted payers and self-payers using this methodology.  The estimate requires significant judgment. Revenue recognized for Medicare and other contracted payers is based on the agreed current reimbursement rate per test, adjusted for historical collection trends where applicable.

The Company monitors revenue estimates at each reporting period based on actual cash collections in order to assess whether a revision to the estimate is required. Changes in transaction price estimates are updated quarterly based on actual cash collected or changes made to contracted rates.

Product Revenue

Product revenue is recognized from the sale of products to end-users, distributors and strategic partners when all revenue recognition criteria are satisfied.  The Company generally has a contract or a purchase order from a customer with the specified required terms of order including the number of products ordered. Transaction prices are determinable and products are delivered and risk of loss passed to the customer upon either shipping or delivery, as per the terms of the agreement. There are no further performance obligations related to a contract and revenue is recognized at the point of delivery consistent with the terms of the contract or purchase order.

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License and Other Revenue

The Company generates revenue from license agreements.  License agreements may include non-refundable upfront payments, partial or complete reimbursement of research and development costs, contingent payments based on the occurrence of specified events under the agreements, license fees and royalties on sales of products or product candidates if they are successfully commercialized.  The Company’s performance obligations under the agreements may include the transfer of intellectual property rights in the form of licenses, obligations to provide research and development services and obligations to participate on certain development committees.  The Company makes judgments to determine if performance obligations are distinct or should be combined and the transaction price allocated to each performance obligation, which affect the periods over which revenue is recognized.  The Company periodically reviews its estimated periods of performance based on the progress under each arrangement and accounts for the impact of any change in estimated periods of performance on a prospective basis. The Company’s deferred revenue relates to one performance obligation which should be recognized over time.

The Company might constrain a variable consideration such as milestones, if it is probable that a significant portion of revenue would be reversed.  The Company did not recognize any revenue connected with milestones during the three months ended March 31, 2018 or 2017.

Cost of Testing

Cost of testing reflects the aggregate costs incurred in delivering the Company’s testing services.  The components of cost of testing are materials and service costs, direct labor costs, stock-based compensation, equipment and infrastructure expenses associated with testing samples, shipping, logistics and specimen processing charges to collect and transport samples and allocated overhead including rent, information technology, equipment depreciation, utilities and royalties.  Prior to adoption of the new revenue guidance, we recorded costs of testing associated with performing tests (except royalties) in the period when tests were performed without consideration if revenue was recognized in the same period.  With the adoption of the new revenue standard on January 1, 2018, revenue and cost of testing for tests performed are recognized in the same period. Royalties for licensed technology, calculated as a percentage of test revenues, are recorded as license fees in cost of testing at the time the test revenues are recognized.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new revenue accounting standard Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASC 606") using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of ASC 606 resulted in a one-time adjustment of $2.9 million to accounts receivable and retained earnings on January 1, 2018.  The adjustment reflects the estimated payment to be received for tests where the result had been delivered at December 31, 2017, but associated revenue had not been recognized by December 31, 2017, because payment had not been received. The new standard did not impact the Company’s product revenue and license and other revenue nor did it impact contract assets or contract liabilities.

The following table summarizes the impact of the ASC 606 adoption on accounts receivable as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

The following table summarizes the impact to the statement of operations in accordance with the new revenue standard requirements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, ASU, No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which, for operating leases, requires the lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in its balance sheet.  The guidance also requires a lessee to recognize single lease costs, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term, generally on a straight-line basis.  This guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1,

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2019 and may be adopted using a modified retrospective transition approach. Early adoption is permitted.  The Company is currently assessing the impact of that guidance on its consolidated financial statements.  

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2016-15”), to reduce the diversity in practice with respect to the presentation of certain cash flows.  The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 on January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis.  The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2016-18”).  This guidance requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents.  Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis and included restricted cash together with cash and cash equivalents in its condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting (“ASU 2017-09”).  The amendments provide guidance about how to account for changes to terms or conditions of a share-based payment award required under modification accounting.  ASU 2017-09 is effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 on January 1, 2018 on a prospective basis and the adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features and Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral of Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception (“ASU 2017-11”). ASU 2017 is effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted.  The Company adopted ASU 2017-11 on January 1, 2018 the adoption resulted in the JGB common stock warrant liability balance being reclassified to additional paid in capital (Refer to Note 13).  

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220):  Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2018-02”).  The amendments in ASU 2018-02 allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for certain tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”).  The Company is still reviewing the Tax Act and its impact to the condensed consolidated financial statements. ASU 2018-02 will become effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and may be applied retrospectively or as of the beginning of the period of adoption.    

3. NET LOSS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted net loss per share have been computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration of common share equivalents as their effect would have been antidilutive.

The following tables set forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except shares and per share data):

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The following potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from diluted net loss per share, because their effect would be antidilutive:

On October 10, 2017, the Company completed an underwritten public offering (the “2017 Public Offering”), pursuant to which the Company issued and sold an aggregate of 4,992,840 shares.  During 2017 and the three months ended March 31, 2018, 6,415,039 shares of common stock subject to convertible notes were issued due to the conversion of the JGB debt.  

4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value except for its debt, which is recorded at amortized cost.  The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments of the Company, including cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.  Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date.  The accounting guidance establishes a three-tiered hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value as follows:

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

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The following table presents the issuances, changes in fair value and reclassifications of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the end of the reporting period.  There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 categories during the periods presented.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches within the fair value measurement framework.  The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s instruments measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below:

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Common Stock Warrant Liability and Derivative Liability Valuation Assumptions

The Company has determined that debt at similar interest rates and terms to its current debt is not currently available to the Company and therefore the Company is unable to calculate the fair value of its debt at March 31, 2018.

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5. BUSINESS COMBINATION

Acquisition of Allenex

On April 14, 2016, the Company acquired 98.3% of the outstanding common stock of Allenex, a transplant diagnostic company based in Stockholm, Sweden that developed, manufactured, and sold products that help match donor organs with potential recipients prior to transplantation.  Allenex had a presence and direct distribution channels in the United States and Europe, with additional third party distributors in Europe and other markets around the world. Under the terms of the Conditional Share Purchase Agreements entered into on December 16, 2015, as amended, and the tender offer prospectus dated March 7, 2016, and as a result of the tender offer, the aggregate purchase consideration paid by the Company was approximately $34.1 million and consisted of (i) $26.9 million of cash, of which $5.7 million (which represents SEK 50,620,000 as of the acquisition date) was deferred purchase consideration originally payable to Midroc Invest AB, FastPartner AB and Xenella Holding AB, the former majority shareholders of Allenex (the “Former Majority Shareholders”) by no later than March 31, 2017, subject to certain contingencies being met, and (ii) the issuance of 1,375,029 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $7.2 million.

Of the total cash consideration, $8.0 million of cash payable to the Former Majority Shareholders was deposited into an escrow account by the Company and subsequently invested in the Company by the Former Majority Shareholders through a purchase of the Company’s equity securities in a private placement.  On June 8, 2016, the Company delisted Allenex’s common stock from Nasdaq Stockholm.  

The date by which the deferred purchase consideration was due to the Former Majority Shareholders was subsequently extended to July 1, 2017.  In addition, interest began accruing on the Company’s obligations to the Former Majority Shareholders (the “Deferred Obligation”) at a rate of 10.0% per year commencing on January 1, 2017.  On July 1, 2017, the Deferred Obligation totaled $6.3 million.  On July 1, 2017, the Conditional Share Purchase Agreements were amended in order to, among other things: (i) convert approximately $1.1 million of the Deferred Obligation into 1,022,544 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share price equal to $1.12; (ii) require that the Company make an immediate cash payment of $0.5 million thereby reducing the Deferred Obligation by $0.5 million; (iii) extend the maturity date of a portion of the obligations, totaling approximately $2.9 million, under the Conditional Share Purchase Agreements to March 31, 2019; and (iv) provide that approximately $2.1 million of the Deferred Obligation would become payable on December 31, 2017 unless converted into shares of the Company’s common stock prior to that date, which issuance of shares was subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders.  Interest began to accrue on the Deferred Obligation at a rate of 10% per annum commencing on July 1, 2017.  On November 14, 2017, the Company further amended the Conditional Share Purchase Agreements with the Former Majority Shareholders, and, as a result, the Company paid the total remaining deferred purchase consideration of $4.7 million, plus accrued interest.  

The Company has accounted for the Allenex transaction as a business combination in exchange for total consideration of approximately $34.1 million.  Under business combination accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to Allenex’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of April 14, 2016.

The fair value of the remaining 1.7% of noncontrolling interest in Allenex was purchased on March 15, 2018.  The fair value of the noncontrolling interest was determined based on the number of outstanding shares comprising the noncontrolling interest and Allenex’s stock price of SEK 2.48 per share as of the acquisition date.  The noncontrolling interest was presented as a component of stockholders’ equity on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017.

Acquisition of assets of Conexio Genomics Pty. Ltd

On January 20, 2017, the Company acquired the business assets of Conexio Genomics Pty. Ltd (“Conexio”).  Prior to the acquisition, the Company was the exclusive distributor of the Conexio SBT^TM product line for all countries excluding Australia.  The Company purchased rights to many of the assets, such as machinery, facilities leases, know-how and the opportunity to retain key Conexio employees to continue producing and selling the SBT products.  The Company paid $0.4 million in cash and will make quarterly payments of 20% of the gross revenue from the sale of the SBT products up to an aggregate total of $0.7 million.  During the three months ended March 31, 2018, and March 31, 2017, respectively, the Company paid less than $0.1 million and nil, respectively.  The Company accounted for this transaction as a business combination.

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The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in thousands):

The following table presents details of the identified intangible assets acquired at the acquisition date (in thousands):

Goodwill recorded from the acquisition of the Conexio business assets is primarily related to expected synergies.  The goodwill resulting from the acquisition is not deductible for tax purposes.  The post-acquisition results of operations of the Conexio business assets for the period from January 20, 2017 are included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price of an acquisition exceeds the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired.  The Company reported $12.0 million of goodwill on the condensed consolidated balance sheet recorded in the Post-Transplant reporting unit as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Goodwill is tested annually for impairment at the reporting unit level during the fourth quarter or earlier upon the occurrence of certain events or substantive changes in circumstances.  On January 1, 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2017-04, which eliminated the Step 2 requirement of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, the goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount.  The Company determined that the decrease in its market capitalization in the first quarter of 2017 constituted an indicator of impairment and therefore a goodwill impairment test was completed as of March 31, 2017.  The goodwill impairment test determined that the fair value of the Pre-Transplant reporting unit was $3.5 million, which was lower than its carrying value.  Accordingly, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $2.0 million as of March 31, 2017, which represented the remaining goodwill balance in the Pre-Transplant reporting unit.  The significant assumptions utilized in the March 31, 2017 discounted cash flow analysis for the Pre-Transplant reporting unit were a discount rate of 16.6%, a terminal growth rate of 3.2% and a capitalization multiple of 7.48.  

There were no indicators of impairment in the three months ended March 31, 2018.

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Intangible Assets

The following tables present details of the Company’s intangible assets as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

The following tables present details of the Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Amortization expense was $0.6 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  For the three months ended March 31, 2018, expenses of $0.4 million and $0.2 million were amortized to cost of product and sales and marketing expense, respectively.  For the three months ended March 31, 2017, expenses of $0.4 million and $0.2 million were amortized to cost of product and sales and marketing expense, respectively.    

The following table summarizes the Company’s estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

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7. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS

Inventory

Inventory consisted of the following (in thousands):

Accrued and other liabilities

Accrued and other liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases

The Company leases its operating and office facilities for various terms under long-term, non-cancelable operating lease agreements in Brisbane, California; West Chester, Pennsylvania; Fremantle, Australia; and Stockholm, Sweden.  The lease for the Company’s facility in Vienna, Austria is on a month-to-month basis. The leases expire at various dates through 2020.  In the normal course of business, it is expected that these leases will be renewed or replaced by leases on other properties.

Rent expense under the non-cancelable operating leases was $0.4 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Future minimum lease commitments under these operating and capital leases on March 31, 2018, are as follows (in thousands):

The current portion of obligations under capital leases is included in accrued and other liabilities on the balance sheets.  The long-term portion is included in other liabilities on the balance sheets.

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Royalty Commitments

Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. (“Roche”)

In November 2004, the Company entered into a license agreement with Roche pursuant to which Roche granted the Company the right to use certain Roche technology relating to PCR, and quantitative real-time PCR in clinical laboratory services, including in connection with AlloMap.  This is a non-exclusive license agreement in the United States covering claims in multiple Roche patents.

Under the license agreement, the Company incurred royalty expenses as a percentage of combination services revenue and classifies those expenses as a component of cost of testing in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  Royalty expenses in connection with the Roche agreement were $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017.  Effective September 30, 2017, no future royalties are payable by the Company under the Roche agreement.

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (“Stanford”)

In June 2014, the Company entered into a license agreement with Stanford, or the Stanford License, which granted the Company an exclusive license to a patent relating to the diagnosis of rejection in organ transplant recipients using dd-cfDNA. Under the terms of the Stanford License, the Company is required to pay an annual license maintenance fee, six milestone payment amounts and royalties in the low single digits of net sales of products incorporating the licensed technology. The license maintenance fee may be offset against earned royalty payments due on net sales in that year.

Commercial sales of AlloSure, which incorporates the licensed technology from Stanford, began in October 2017. In the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company paid royalties of $0.1 million to Stanford.

Conexio

On January 20, 2017, the Company acquired the business assets of Conexio, which included machinery, facilities leases, know-how and the opportunity to retain key Conexio employees to continue producing and selling the SBT line of products. The Company makes quarterly payments to Conexio of 20% of the gross revenue from the sale of the SBT products using the purchased assets up to an aggregate total of $0.7 million.  During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, respectively, the Company paid less than $0.1 million and nil, respectively.

Litigation

On April 25, 2016, Oberland filed a breach of contract claim against the Company in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York (the “Complaint”).  Oberland alleged, among other things, that the Company breached certain provisions of the amended and restated commitment letter and the restated fee letter that it entered into with Oberland on February 8, 2016.

Effective as of March 2, 2017, the Company and Oberland settled the matters covered by the Complaint and the Company’s answer (the “Settlement”).  Pursuant to the Settlement, the Company paid Oberland $0.6 million in March 2017 and each party agreed to release all claims asserted in the Complaint and the Company’s answer to the Complaint.

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation and other legal actions. The Company estimates the range of liability related to any pending litigation where the amount and range of loss can be estimated. The Company records its best estimate of a loss when the loss is considered probable. Where a liability is probable and there is a range of estimated loss with no best estimate in the range, the Company records a charge equal to at least the minimum estimated liability for a loss contingency when both of the following conditions are met: (i) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (ii) the range of loss can be reasonably estimated.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for indemnification for certain liabilities. The exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future but have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend any action related to its indemnification obligations. However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of these indemnification obligations. The Company also has indemnification obligations to its directors and executive officers for specified events or occurrences, subject to some limits, while they are serving at the Company’s request in such capacities. There have been no claims to date and the Company believes the fair value of these indemnification agreements is minimal. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded any liabilities for these agreements as of March 31, 2018 and as of December 31, 2017.

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9. LICENSE AND OTHER REVENUE

Diaxonhit

In June 2013, the Company entered into an exclusive Distribution and Licensing Agreement with Diaxonhit, SA (“Diaxonhit”) a French public company, whereby Diaxonhit agreed to have the AlloMap test performed in a European laboratory and commercialize the test in the European Economic Area (“EEA”).  The agreement will expire at the later of the last-to-expire patent in the EEA or ten years from the first commercial sale of the test in the EEA, which occurred in 2014.

Consideration under the agreement included an upfront cash payment of approximately €387,500 ($408,000) that is designated to offset royalties earned by the Company.  The Company is entitled to receive royalties from Diaxonhit as a percentage of net sales, as defined in the agreement, of AlloMap tests in the mid to high teens. Upon confirmation that the CE mark was in place, the Company also received an equity payment of Diaxonhit common stock with a value of €387,500 ($476,000). The Company sold the shares of common stock in July 2013 for total consideration of $467,000.  The CE mark is a mandatory conformity marking for certain products sold within the EEA.

Other performance obligations for which the Company may recognize revenue includes agreed-upon per unit pricing for the supply of AlloMap products, and additional royalties that are payable upon the achievement of various sales milestones by Diaxonhit. Commercial sales of the AlloMap test began in the EEA in June 2014.  Total revenues and royalties recognized from this arrangement for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 were $10,000 and zero, respectively.

CardioDx, Inc.

In 2005, the Company entered into a services agreement with what at the time was a related party, CardioDx, Inc. (“CDX”), whereby the Company provided CDX with biological samples and related data and performed laboratory services on behalf of CDX.  Each company granted the other a worldwide license to certain of its intellectual property rights.  Pursuant to this agreement, CDX pays royalties to the Company in an amount equal to a low single-digit percentage of the cash collected from sales of CDX licensed products. The royalty obligation to the Company continues until 2019.  The Company recognizes royalty revenues when payments are received as it was assessed that collection was not able to be estimated. Royalty revenues for each of the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, were $0.1 million and zero, respectively.  Royalty revenues are included in license revenue on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The Company had no receivable balance from CDX as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.  

10. DEBT

Debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were zero and $4.6 million, respectively.  Total interest accrued on debt as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively.  The long-term accrued interest balance on March 31, 2018 was $0.3 million, and was recorded in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.  The current accrued interest balance of $0.1 million and long-term accrued interest balance of $0.2 million as of December 31, 2017, were recorded in accrued and other liabilities and in other liabilities long-term, respectively, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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As of March 31, 2018, future debt maturities were as follows (in thousands):

On April 17, 2018, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Perceptive (refer to Note 17) for an initial term loan of $15.0 million. Proceeds from the Perceptive credit agreement were used to repay existing outstanding debt.  As of March 31, 2018, the Company classified all outstanding debt, except the Danske Credit Facility of $0.5 million, as non-current in its condensed consolidated balance sheets in accordance with the debt classification guidance related to subsequent refinancing arrangements.

JGB Debt

On March 15, 2017, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with JGB pursuant to which the Company issued to JGB the JGB debenture (the “Debentures”) with an aggregate principal amount of $27.8 million and warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock (the “JGB Warrants”) for net proceeds of $24.0 million (the “Financing”).  The Company used $11.2 million of the net proceeds from the Financing to repay its existing indebtedness under the Loan Agreement with East West Bank and was required to maintain restricted cash of $9.4 million.

Under the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Debentures would have matured on February 28, 2020, accrued interest at 9.5% per year and were convertible into an aggregate of approximately 6,092,105 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $4.56 per share (the “Conversion Price”), subject to adjustment for accrued and unpaid interest and upon the occurrence of certain transactions, at the holder’s option.

Additionally, after September 1, 2017, upon the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the volume weighted average price of the Company’s common stock exceeding 250% of the Conversion Price for twenty consecutive trading days, the Company could have required that the Debentures be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to certain limitations. Commencing on March 1, 2018, each of the holders of the Debentures had the right, at its option, to require the Company to redeem up to $937,500 of the outstanding principal amount of its Debenture per month.  The Company was required to promptly, but in any event no more than one trading day after the holder delivers a redemption notice to the Company, pay the applicable redemption amount in cash or, at the Company’s election and subject to certain conditions, in shares of the Company’s common stock.  If the Company elected to pay the redemption amount in shares of the Company’s common stock, then the shares would have been delivered based on a price equal to the lowest of (a) 88% of the average of the three lowest volume weighted average prices of the Company’s common stock over the prior 20 trading days, (b) 88% of the prior trading day’s volume weighted average price, or (c) the Conversion Price.

After either a change of control transaction, as defined in the Debentures, or February 28, 2018, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, the Company could have redeemed all of the then outstanding principal amount of the Debentures for cash by paying the outstanding principal balance, accrued and unpaid interest, and a payment premium.  The payment premium would have been calculated by multiplying the outstanding balance and the following percentage: (i) 15% if the Debentures were prepaid on or prior to March 1, 2018, (ii) 8% if the Debentures were prepaid after March 1, 2018 but prior to March 1, 2019, and (iii) 5% if the Debentures were prepaid on or after March 1, 2019.

The Company’s obligations under the Debentures could have been accelerated upon the occurrence of certain events of default as specified in the agreement.  In the event of default and acceleration of the Company’s obligations, the Company would have been required to pay (i) 115% of all amounts of principal and interest then outstanding under the Debentures in cash if the Debentures were accelerated prior to March 1, 2018, (ii) 108% of all amounts of principal and interest then outstanding under the Debentures in cash if the Debentures were accelerated after March 1, 2018, but prior to March 1, 2019, and (iii) 105% of all amounts of principal and interest then outstanding under the Debentures in cash if the Debentures were accelerated after March 1, 2019.  The Company’s obligations under the Debentures were secured under a Security Agreement by a senior lien on all of the Company’s assets, other than its interest in CareDx International AB (formerly known as Allenex AB), which was subject to a negative pledge prohibiting the incurrence of additional or replacement debt.

The Debentures contained customary affirmative and restrictive covenants and representations and warranties, including financial reporting obligations, a restriction on the Company’s ability to pay cash dividends on its common stock and limitations on indebtedness, liens, investments, distributions, transfers, corporate changes, deposit accounts and subsidiaries.  The Company was also

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required to maintain a minimum cash amount at all times, achieve commercialization of AlloSure by a certain date and achieve certain gross profit targets for sales of its AlloMap product.

In connection with the Financing, on March 15, 2017, the Company and the Purchasers entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which, among other things, the Company agreed to prepare and file one or more registration statements with the SEC for the purpose of registering for resale any shares of Common Stock that may be issued by the Company upon the conversion or redemption of the Debentures or the exercise of the JGB Warrants.

The Debentures included certain embedded derivatives that required bifurcation, including settlement and penalty provisions.  The compound embedded derivatives were remeasured at each reporting period and the change in fair value was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. See also Note 4, “Fair Value Measurements”.

The following table summarizes the Company’s carrying value of the JGB debt (in thousands) on the March 15, 2017 issuance date:

As a result of the issuance of 1,022,544 shares of the Company’s common stock issued at a price per share equal to $1.12 pursuant to the amendments to the Conditional Share Purchase Agreements, the conversion price of the Debentures decreased from $4.56 per share to $4.40 per share, effective July 3, 2017.

As a result of the 2017 Public Offering in accordance with the anti-dilution provisions in the Debentures, effective October 5, 2017, the conversion price of the Debentures decreased from $4.40 to $4.34 per share.  On October 5, 2017, JGB elected to convert $1.25 million of outstanding principal under the Debentures into shares of common stock. Accordingly, the Company issued 288,022 shares of common stock to JGB at a price per share of $4.34.  As a result of the sale of the 651,240 shares of common stock pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares in accordance with the anti-dilution provisions in the Debentures, effective October 10, 2017, the conversion price of the Debentures were decreased from $4.34 per share to $4.33 per share.  As of December 31, 2017, the JGB debt had an outstanding principal balance of $26.5 million.

On March 1, 2018, the Company notified JGB of its intent to prepay on April 13, 2018 in full the outstanding principal and interest under the Debentures. Pursuant to the terms of the Debentures, on April 13, 2018, the Company would have been obligated to pay the full amount of the outstanding principal balance of the Debentures, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon and a prepayment premium equal to 8% of the outstanding principal balance in cash.  In February and March 31, 2018, JGB converted the remaining $26.7 million of principal and accrued interest of the JGB debt into an aggregate of 6,161,331 shares of the Company’s common stock.  In connection with these conversions in the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company recognized $6,000 to common stock and $38.8 million to additional paid in capital; the unamortized debt discount of $2.7 million was extinguished; and the compound derivative liability of $12.1 million was also extinguished.  The JGB Debt conversion resulted in a $2.8 million loss on debt extinguishment that was included in other expense, net  in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Danske Bank Term Loan and Credit Facility

On June 25, 2013, Allenex entered into a term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) with Danske in an aggregate principal amount of up to SEK 71,000,000 (approximately $8.8 million).  The Term Loan Facility was available for utilization in advances of a minimum of SEK 5,000,000 (approximately $0.6 million) and if more, integral multiples of SEK 1,000,000 (approximately $0.1 million).  The interest rate applicable to each advance was the percentage rate per annum calculated as the aggregate of (i) Stockholm Interbank Offered Rate (“STIBOR”) (as defined in the Term Loan Facility) and (ii) the Margin (as described in the Term Loan Facility) at 3% conditional on the fulfillment of certain criteria.  In March 2015, Allenex entered into a first amendment to the Term Loan Facility, pursuant to which additional loans were granted.  In August 2015, Allenex entered into a second amendment to the Term Loan Facility, pursuant to which the term of the Term Loan Facility was extended.  In December 2015, Allenex entered into a waiver and amendment agreement relating to the Term Loan Facility, pursuant to which the change of control provision was waived and amended.  In March 2016, Allenex entered into another amendment to the Term Loan Facility, which modified the repayment

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schedule for advances under the Term Loan Facility. Under this Term Loan Facility, SEK 47,000,000 (approximately $5.6 million) was outstanding as of March 31, 2018 and was due on June 30, 2018.  This was classified as a current debt as of March 31, 2018.

On June 18, 2015, Allenex also entered into a short term credit facility (“Credit Facility”) with Danske with total available credit of SEK 8,000,000 (approximately $1.0 million).  As of August 4, 2016, the available credit under the Credit Facility with Danske was increased to SEK 10,000,000 (approximately $1.2 million).  As of March 31, 2018, the total outstanding balance due to Danske under the Credit Facility was approximately SEK 3,850,000 (approximately $0.5 million), and was due on June 30, 2018.

A quarterly debt covenant in the Term Loan Facility with Danske was violated on March 31, 2017, June 30, 2017, and September 30, 2017.  The Company obtained a waiver for these violations.  The waiver was conditional upon, among other things, the Company making a principal repayment of SEK 6,000,000 (approximately $0.7 million) by October 31, 2017.  This amount was paid on October 31, 2017. The Company was not in compliance with certain debt covenants as of December 31, 2017 or March 31, 2018.

Refer to Note 17 for details regarding the Company’s repayment of the Danske Term Loan and Credit Facility using the proceeds from the Perceptive loan on April 17, 2018.

FastPartner Subordinated Promissory Notes

On June 28, 2013, Allenex issued a SEK 9,400,000 (approximately $1.1 million) subordinated promissory note to FastPartner, which had an interest rate of 10.00%.  On December 29, 2015, Allenex issued a SEK 2,000,000 (approximately $0.2 million) subordinated promissory note to FastPartner, which had an annual interest rate of 10.00%.    

On March 7, 2016, Allenex issued a SEK 4,000,000 (approximately $0.5 million) subordinated promissory note to FastPartner, which had an annual interest rate of 10.00%.  Pursuant to an intercreditor agreement, until the Term Loan Facility with Danske is repaid, FastPartner may not demand or receive payment of its subordinated promissory note, or foreclose on any collateral securing Allenex’s obligations under the subordinated promissory note, without Danske’s prior written consent. Allenex’s obligations under the promissory note are secured by a pledge of Allenex shares to FastPartner.  The full amount of the subordinated promissory note was due July 1, 2017.

On July 1, 2017, the Company entered into a note agreement with FastPartner (the “FastPartner Note Agreement”) pursuant to which, among other things, Allenex and FastPartner agreed that all amounts owed under the above subordinated promissory notes would be governed by the FastPartner Note Agreement and to defer repayment of the principal outstanding amount of SEK 15,400,000 (approximately $1.9 million) plus accrued interest of $0.5 million until March 31, 2019.  Interest began accruing on such amount at a rate of 10% per annum, and in the event the Company makes any cash amortization repayments to JGB of the JGB debt, or any replacement debt, Allenex will repay in cash a portion of the amount outstanding under the FastPartner Note Agreement equal to 8% of any such cash amortization repayment. As of each of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the principal outstanding amount remained at SEK 19,757,000 (approximately $2.4 million).

Refer to Note 17 for details regarding the Company’s repayment of the FastPartner Note Agreement using proceeds from the Perceptive loan on April 17, 2018.

Mohammed Al Amoudi Subordinated Promissory Note

On June 28, 2013, Allenex issued a SEK 10,600,000 (approximately $1.2 million) subordinated promissory note to Mohammed Al Amoudi, which provides for an annual interest rate of 10.00%.  Pursuant to an intercreditor agreement, until the Term Loan Facility with Danske is repaid, Mohammed Al Amoudi may not demand or receive payment of his subordinated promissory note, or foreclose on any collateral securing Allenex’s obligations under the subordinated promissory note, without Danske’s prior written consent.  Allenex’s obligations under the promissory note are secured by a pledge of Allenex shares to Mohammed Al Amoudi.  The full amount of the subordinated promissory note was due July 1, 2017.

On July 1, 2017, the Company entered into a note agreement with Mohammed Al Amoudi (the “Al Amoudi Note Agreement”) pursuant to which, among other things, Allenex and Mohammed Al Amoudi agreed to defer repayment of the principal outstanding amount of SEK 10,600,000 (approximately $1.3 million) plus accrued interest of $0.5 million until March 31, 2019. Interest began accruing on such amount at a rate of 10% per annum, and in the event the Company makes any cash amortization repayments to JGB of the JGB debt, or any replacement debt, Allenex will repay in cash a portion of the amount outstanding under the Al Amoudi Note Agreement equal to 6% of any such cash amortization repayment.  As of each of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the principal outstanding amount remained at SEK 14,575,000 (approximately $1.7 million).

Refer to Note 17 for details regarding the Company’s repayment of the Al Amoudi Note Agreement using proceeds from the Perceptive loan on April 17, 2018.

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Loan Agreement with SSP Primers Aktieboulag

On February 25, 2015, Allenex entered into a SEK 14,000,000 (approximately $1.7 million) loan agreement with SSP Primers Aktieboulag, pursuant to which SEK 4,000,000 (approximately $0.5 million) was paid on March 7, 2016. The loan amount outstanding as of December 31, 2017 was SEK 10,000,000 (approximately $1.2 million) plus accrued interest of SEK 650,000 (approximately $0.1 million) and was fully paid on February 26, 2018.  

11. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

2017 Public Offering

On October 10, 2017, the Company sold in the 2017 Public Offering an aggregate of 4,992,840 shares of its common stock, including 651,240 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares to cover over-allotments, at a public offering price of $4.00 per share.  

Net proceeds from the 2017 Public Offering were $18.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company.

JGB Debt

On October 5, 2017, JGB converted $1.25 million of outstanding principal under the Debentures into shares of common stock. Accordingly, the Company issued 288,022 shares of common stock to JGB at a price per share of $4.34. In the three months ended March 31, 2018, JGB converted the remaining $26.7 million of outstanding principal and accrued interest for a total issuance of 6,161,331 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price per share of $4.33.

12. 401(K) PLAN

The Company sponsors a 401(k) defined contribution plan covering all U.S. employees under the Internal Revenue Code. Employee contributions are voluntary and are determined on an individual basis subject to the maximum allowable under federal tax regulations. On January 1, 2018, the Company began to make contributions to the employee plan. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company incurred an expense of $0.1 million related to contributions into the plan.

13. WARRANTS

Private Placement, Placement Agent and Subsequent Financing Warrants

The Company issues common stock warrants in connection with debt or equity financing to a lender, a placement agent or an investor. Issued warrants are considered standalone financial instruments and the terms of each warrant are analyzed for equity or liability classification in accordance with US GAAP. Warrants that are classified as liabilities usually have various features that would require net-cash settlement by the Company. Warrants that are not liabilities, derivatives and/or meet exception criteria are classified as equity. Warrants liabilities are re-measured at fair value at each period end with changes in fair value recorded in the condensed statements of operations until expired or exercised. The Company utilizes a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate the fair value of its warrants.  Refer to Note 4 for further details. Warrants that are classified as equity are valued at fair value on the date of issuance, recorded in additional paid in capital and not re-measured.  

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted new accounting guidance (refer to Note 2) and reclassified the warrants to purchase 1,338,326 shares of common stock issued to JGB from liability to equity at the fair value of $6.6 million. The re-measurement income for the three months ended March 31, 2017 of $0.4 million was recorded in change in estimated fair value of common stock warrant liability and derivative liability on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations.  

In the three months ended March 31, 2018, warrants to purchase 23,000 shares of common stock were exercised for a cash payment of less than $0.1 million. The warrant liability was re-measured prior to the exercise and a change in fair value of $0.1 million was recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.  

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As of March 31, 2018, outstanding warrants to purchase common stock were:

14. STOCK INCENTIVE PLANS

Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes option and unvested RSU activity under the Company’s 2014 Equity Incentive Plan and 2016 Inducement Plan and related information: