Carlyle Secured Lending, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2014 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014

OR

For the transition period to

Commission File No. 000-54899

CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

520 Madison Avenue, 38th Floor, New York, NY 10022

(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)

(212) 813-4900

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

INDEX

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS

(dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

As of March 31, 2014

(dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)

As of March 31, 2014

(dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)

As of March 31, 2014

(dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)

As of March 31, 2014

(dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

The type and industrial composition of our investments as of March 31, 2014 were as follows:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

As of December 31, 2013

(dollar amounts in thousands)

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)

As of December 31, 2013

(dollar amounts in thousands)

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)

As of December 31, 2013

(dollar amounts in thousands)

The type and industrial composition of our investments as of December 31, 2013 were as follows:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CARLYLE GMS FINANCE, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

March 31, 2014

(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)

1. ORGANIZATION

Carlyle GMS Finance, Inc. (“GMS Finance” or the “Company”) is a Maryland corporation formed on February 8, 2012, and structured as an externally managed, non-diversified closed-end investment company. On May 2, 2013, GMS Finance filed its election to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the “Investment Company Act”). GMS Finance intends to be treated, and intends to comply with the requirements to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2013.

GMS Finance’s investment objective is to generate current income and capital appreciation primarily through debt investments in U.S. middle market companies with approximately $10 million to $100 million of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). GMS Finance seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in first lien senior secured and unitranche loans to private U.S. middle market companies that are, in many cases, controlled by private equity investment firms (“Middle Market Senior Loans”). Depending on market conditions, GMS Finance expects that between 70% and 80% of the value of its assets will be invested in Middle Market Senior Loans, with the balance invested in higher-yielding investments, which may include middle market junior loans such as corporate mezzanine loans, equity co-investments, broadly syndicated first lien senior secured loans and second lien loans, high-yield bonds, structured finance obligations and/or other opportunistic investments.

GMS Finance was initially funded on March 30, 2012, with the purchase of 100 shares at a net asset value (“NAV”) of $20.00 per share by Carlyle GMS Investment Management L.L.C. (the “Investment Adviser”). On May 2, 2013, GMS Finance completed its initial closing of capital commitments (the “Initial Closing”) and subsequently commenced substantial investment operations. Prior to May 2, 2013, GMS Finance had not commenced operations and was a development stage company as defined by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 915, Development Stage Entity. During this time, GMS Finance focused substantially all of its efforts on establishing its business. If GMS Finance has not consummated an initial public offering of its common stock that results in an unaffiliated public float of at least 15% of the aggregate capital commitments received prior to the date of such initial public offering (a “Qualified IPO”) by May 2, 2018, then GMS Finance (subject to any necessary stockholder approvals and applicable requirements of the Investment Company Act) will use its best efforts to wind down and/or liquidate and dissolve.

GMS Finance is an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. GMS Finance will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years following an initial public offering, although if the market value of the common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any June 30 before that time, GMS Finance would cease to be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31.

Carlyle GMS Finance SPV LLC (the “Borrower Sub”) is a Delaware limited liability company that was formed on January 3, 2013. The Borrower Sub invests in first lien senior secured loans and second lien loans. The Borrower Sub is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and is consolidated in these consolidated financial statements commencing from the date of its formation, January 3, 2013.

GMS Finance is externally managed by its Investment Adviser, an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Carlyle GMS Finance Administration L.L.C. (the “Administrator”) provides the administrative services necessary for GMS Finance to operate. Both the Investment Adviser and the Administrator are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Carlyle Investment Management

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L.L.C., a subsidiary of The Carlyle Group L.P. (“Carlyle”), a global alternative asset manager publicly traded on NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “CG”. Refer to the sec.gov website for further information on The Carlyle Group L.P.

As a BDC, GMS Finance is required to comply with certain regulatory requirements. As part of these requirements, the Company must not acquire any assets other than “qualifying assets” specified in the Investment Company Act unless, at the time the acquisition is made, at least 70% of its total assets are qualifying assets (with certain limited exceptions).

GMS Finance intends to be treated, and intends to comply with the requirements to qualify annually, as a RIC under the Code, and operates in a manner so as to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. To qualify as a RIC, GMS Finance must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and timely distribute to its stockholders generally at least 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code, for each year. Pursuant to this election, GMS Finance generally does not have to pay corporate level taxes on any income that it distributes to stockholders, provided that GMS Finance satisfies those requirements.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of GMS Finance and its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Borrower Sub. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Management has determined that GMS Finance and the Borrower Sub are both investment companies for the purposes of accounting and financial reporting in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2013-08, Financial Services—Investment Companies (“ASU 2013-08”): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement and Disclosure Requirements and GMS Finance will consolidate the Borrower Sub. US GAAP for an investment company requires investments to be recorded at fair value. The carrying value for all other assets and liabilities approximates their fair value.

The interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Articles 6 and 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP are omitted. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for the fair presentation of consolidated financial statements for the interim period presented have been included. These adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management’s estimates are based on historical experiences and other factors, including expectations of future events that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. It also requires management to exercise judgment in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies. Assumptions and estimates regarding the valuation of investments and their resulting impact on base management and incentive fees involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity and these assumptions and estimates may be significant to the consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material.

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Investments

Investment transactions are recorded on the trade date. Realized gains or losses are measured by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the amortized cost basis of the investment without regard to unrealized appreciation or depreciation previously recognized, and includes investments charged off during the period, net of recoveries. Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments as presented in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations reflects the net change in the fair value of investments, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized appreciation or depreciation when gains or losses are realized. See Note 4 for further information about fair value measurements.

Cash

Cash consists of demand deposits. The Company’s cash is held with a large financial institution and cash held in such financial institutions may, at times, exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limit.

Revenue Recognition

Interest from Investments and Realized Gain/Loss on Investments

Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums. Discounts from and premiums to par value on debt securities purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective interest method. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost, including loan origination fees, adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums, if any. At time of exit, the realized gain or loss on an investment is the difference between the amortized cost at time of exit and the cash received at exit using the specific identification method.

The Company may have loans in its portfolio that contain payment-in-kind (“PIK”) provisions. PIK represents interest that is accrued and recorded as interest income at the contractual rates, increases the loan principal on the respective capitalization dates, and is generally due at maturity. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 and for the three month period ended March 31, 2014, no loans in the portfolio contain PIK provisions.

Interest income from investments in the “equity” class of collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) funds, which are referred to as “structured finance obligations”, is recorded based upon an estimation of the expected cash inflows from its CLO equity investments, including the expected residual payments. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties, including the amount and timing of principal payments which are impacted by prepayments, repurchases, defaults, delinquencies and liquidations of or within the CLO funds. These uncertainties are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact the Company’s estimates and interest income. As a result, actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.

Other Income

Other income may include income such as consent, waiver and amendment fees associated with the Company’s investment activities as well as any fees for managerial assistance services rendered by the Company to portfolio companies. Such fees are recognized as income when earned or the services are rendered. The Company may receive a fee for guaranteeing the outstanding debt of a portfolio company. Such fee will be amortized into other income over the life of the guarantee. The unamortized amount, if any, is included in other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. For the three month period ended March 31, 2014, there was no other income.

Non-Accrual Income

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest payments are past due 30 days or more or when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued and unpaid

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interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding collectability. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid current and, in management’s judgment, are likely to remain current. Management may not place a loan on non-accrual status if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, no loans in the portfolio were on non-accrual status.

Revolving Credit Facility, Facility, Related Costs, Expenses and Deferred Financing Costs (See Note 6, Borrowings)

Interest expense and commitment fees on the Revolving Credit Facility and Facility (as defined in Note 6) are recorded on an accrual basis. Commitment fees are included in credit facility fees in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations. Interest expense of $349 has been incurred by the Company for the three month period ended March 31, 2014.

The Revolving Credit Facility and Facility are recorded at carrying value, which approximates fair value.

Deferred financing costs consist of capitalized expenses related to the origination of the Revolving Credit Facility and Facility. Amortization of deferred financing costs for each credit facility is computed on the straight-line basis over the respective term of each credit facility. The amortization of such costs is included in credit facility fees in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Organization and Offering Costs

The Company agreed to reimburse the Investment Adviser for initial organization and offering costs incurred on behalf of GMS Finance up to $1,500. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, $1,500 of organization and offering costs had been incurred by GMS Finance and $57 of excess organization and offering costs had been incurred by the Investment Adviser. The $1,500 of incurred organization and offering costs are allocated to all stockholders based on their respective capital commitment and are re-allocated amongst all stockholders at the time of each capital drawdown subsequent to the Initial Closing. The Company’s organization costs incurred are expensed and the offering costs are charged against equity when incurred.

Income Taxes

For federal income tax purposes, GMS Finance intends to be treated as a RIC under the Code, and intends to make the required distributions to its stockholders as specified therein. In order to qualify as a RIC, GMS Finance must meet certain minimum distribution, source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. If such requirements are met, then GMS Finance is generally required to pay income taxes only on the portion of its taxable income and gains it does not distribute.

The minimum distribution requirements applicable to RICs require GMS Finance to distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (“ICTI”), as defined by the Code, each year. Depending on the level of ICTI earned in a tax year, GMS Finance may choose to carry forward ICTI in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year. Any such carryover ICTI must be distributed before the end of that next tax year through a dividend declared prior to filing the final tax return related to the year which generated such ICTI.

In addition, based on the excise distribution requirements, GMS Finance is subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income unless GMS Finance distributes in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, in the preceding year. For this purpose, however, any ordinary income or

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capital gain net income retained by GMS Finance that is subject to corporate income tax is considered to have been distributed. GMS Finance intends to make sufficient distributions each taxable year to satisfy the excise distribution requirements.

The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its consolidated financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely than not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes, if any, are included in income tax expense.

The Borrower Sub is a disregarded entity for tax purposes and is consolidated with the return of GMS Finance.

Capital Calls and Dividends and Distributions to Common Stockholders

The Company records the shares issued in connection with capital calls as of the effective date, or due date, of the capital call, which is the date shares are issued. To the extent that the Company has taxable income available, the Company intends to make quarterly distributions to its common stockholders. Dividends and distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the record/ex-dividend date. The amount to be distributed is determined by the Board of Directors each quarter and is generally based upon the taxable earnings estimated by management and available cash. Net realized capital gains, if any, is generally distributed at least annually, although the Company may decide to retain such capital gains for investment.

The Company has adopted a dividend reinvestment plan that provides for reinvestment of any distributions on behalf of its stockholders, for those who have elected to participate in the plan. As a result of adopting such a plan, if the Board of Directors authorizes, and GMS Finance declares a cash dividend or distribution, the stockholders who have elected to participate in the dividend reinvestment plan would have their cash dividends or distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Company’s common stock, rather than receiving cash. Prior to a Qualified IPO, the Company intends to use primarily newly issued shares of its common stock to implement the plan issued at net asset value per share determined as of the valuation date fixed by the Board of Directors for such dividend or distribution. After a Qualified IPO, the Company intends to use primarily newly issued shares to implement the plan so long as the market value per share is equal to or greater than the net asset value per share on the relevant valuation date. If the market value per share is less than the net asset value per share on the relevant valuation date, the plan administrator would purchase the common stock on behalf of participants in the open market, unless the Company instructs the plan administrator otherwise.

Functional Currency

The functional currency of the Company is the U.S. Dollar.

Recent Accounting Standards Updates

On June 7, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-08. The final standard updates the criteria used in defining an investment company under US GAAP and also sets forth certain measurement and disclosure requirements. This ASU is effective for fiscal periods (including interim periods) beginning after December 15, 2013. The impact of this update did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements as of and for the three month period ended March 31, 2014.

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3. INVESTMENTS

As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, investments—non-controlled/non-affiliated at fair value consisted of the following:

The geographical composition of investments – non-controlled/non-affiliated at fair value as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was as follows:

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The industrial composition of investments—non-controlled/non-affiliated at fair value as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was as follows: