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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP - Quarter Report: 2017 September (Form 10-Q)

caty20170930_10q.htm

UNITED STATES

securities and exchange commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

form 10-q

(Mark One)

[ X ]

 quarterly report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

OR

[    ]

transition report pursuant to section 13 or 15 (d) of the SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                                                     to                                                  

 

Commission file number 001-31830 

 

Cathay General Bancorp


(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   95-4274680

(State of other jurisdiction of incorporation

or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

     
777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California   90012
(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code)

 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (213) 625-4700

 


(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.                                                  Yes ☑          No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).           Yes ☑          No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

 

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

 

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

     

Smaller reporting company

     

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).                                                             Yes ☐          No ☑

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

Common stock, $.01 par value, 80,819,967 shares outstanding as of October 31, 2017.

 

 

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARies

3RD quarter 2017 REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

table of contents

 

PART I – 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION 3
     

Item 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

3
 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

6

Item 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

40

Item 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

64

Item 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

65
     

PART II  –

OTHER INFORMATION

66
     

Item 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

66

Item 1A.

RISK FACTORS

66

Item 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

76

Item 3.

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

76

Item 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

67

Item 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

67

Item 6.

EXHIBITS

67
     
     

SIGNATURES

68

 

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the term “Bancorp” refers to Cathay General Bancorp and the term “Bank” refers to Cathay Bank. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Bancorp and the Bank collectively.

 

The statements in this report include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the applicable provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding management’s beliefs, projections, and assumptions concerning future results and events. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provision for forward-looking statements in these provisions. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including statements about anticipated future operating and financial performance, financial position and liquidity, growth opportunities and growth rates, growth plans, acquisition and divestiture opportunities, business prospects, strategic alternatives, business strategies, financial expectations, regulatory and competitive outlook, loan and deposit growth, investment and expenditure plans, financing needs and availability, level of nonperforming assets, and other similar forecasts and statements of expectation and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Words such as “aims,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “hopes,” “intends,” “may,” “optimistic,” “plans,” “potential,” “possible,” “predicts,” “projects,” “seeks,” “shall,” “should,” “will,” and variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements by us are based on estimates, beliefs, projections, and assumptions of management and are not guarantees of future performance. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Such risks and uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, adverse developments or conditions related to or arising from:

 

 

 

U.S. and international business and economic conditions;

 

possible additional provisions for loan losses and charge-offs;

 

credit risks of lending activities and deterioration in asset or credit quality;

 

extensive laws and regulations and supervision that we are subject to, including potential supervisory action by bank supervisory authorities;

 

increased costs of compliance and other risks associated with changes in regulation, including the implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”);

 

higher capital requirements from the implementation of the Basel III capital standards;

 

compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act and other money laundering statutes and regulations;

 

potential goodwill impairment;

 

liquidity risk;

 

fluctuations in interest rates;

 

risks associated with acquisitions and the expansion of our business into new markets;

 

inflation and deflation;

 

real estate market conditions and the value of real estate collateral;

 

 

 

environmental liabilities;

 

our ability to compete, including against larger competitors;

 

our ability to retain key personnel;

 

successful management of reputational risk;

 

natural disasters and geopolitical events;

 

general economic or business conditions in Asia, and other regions where the Bank has operations;

 

failures, interruptions, or security breaches of our information systems;

 

our ability to adapt our systems to technological changes;

 

risk management processes and strategies;

 

adverse results in legal proceedings;

 

the impact of regulatory enforcement actions, if any;

 

certain provisions in our charter and bylaws that may affect acquisition of the Company;

 

changes in accounting standards or tax laws and regulations;

 

market disruption and volatility;

 

fluctuations in the Bancorp’s stock price;

 

restrictions on dividends and other distributions by laws and regulations and by our regulators and our capital structure;

 

issuances of preferred stock;

 

capital level requirements and successfully raising additional capital, if needed, and the resulting dilution of interests of holders of our common stock; and

 

the soundness of other financial institutions.

 

These and other factors are further described in Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (Item 1A in particular), other reports and registration statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and other filings Bancorp makes with the SEC from time to time. Actual results in any future period may also vary from the past results discussed in this report. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak to the date of this report. We have no intention and undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce any revision of any forward-looking statement to reflect future developments or events, except as required by law.

 

Bancorp’s filings with the SEC are available at the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov, or by request directed to Cathay General Bancorp, 9650 Flair Drive, El Monte, California 91731, Attention: Investor Relations (626) 279-3286.

 

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

 

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

 

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

 

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
                 

Assets

               

Cash and due from banks

  $ 167,886     $ 218,017  

Short-term investments and interest bearing deposits

    573,059       967,067  

Securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $1,364,955 in 2017 and $1,317,012 in 2016)

    1,368,487       1,314,345  

Loans held for sale

    -       7,500  

Loans

    12,597,434       11,201,275  

Less:  Allowance for loan losses

    (121,535 )     (118,966 )

Unamortized deferred loan fees, net

    (3,424 )     (4,994 )

Loans, net

    12,472,475       11,077,315  

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    30,681       17,250  

Other real estate owned, net

    18,115       20,070  

Affordable housing investments and alternative energy partnerships, net

    298,426       251,077  

Premises and equipment, net

    107,954       105,607  

Customers’ liability on acceptances

    12,009       12,182  

Accrued interest receivable

    42,190       37,299  

Goodwill

    372,189       372,189  

Other intangible assets, net

    9,408       2,949  

Other assets

    255,538       117,902  

Total assets

  $ 15,728,417     $ 14,520,769  
                 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

               

Deposits

               

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits

  $ 2,730,006     $ 2,478,107  

Interest-bearing deposits:

               

Demand deposits

    1,379,100       1,230,445  

Money market deposits

    2,370,724       2,198,938  

Savings deposits

    925,312       719,949  

Time deposits

    5,156,553       5,047,287  

Total deposits

    12,561,695       11,674,726  
                 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    100,000       350,000  

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank

    595,000       350,000  

Other borrowings of affordable housing investments

    17,518       17,662  

Long-term debt

    119,136       119,136  

Deferred payments from acquisition

    136,056       -  

Acceptances outstanding

    12,009       12,182  

Other liabilities

    218,304       168,524  

Total liabilities

    13,759,718       12,692,230  

Commitments and contingencies

    -       -  

Stockholders’ Equity

               

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 89,027,259 issued and 80,816,616 outstanding at September 30, 2017, and 87,820,920 issued and 79,610,277 outstanding at December 31, 2016

    890       878  

Additional paid-in-capital

    932,521       895,480  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net

    (217 )     (3,715 )

Retained earnings

    1,275,094       1,175,485  

Treasury stock, at cost (8,210,643 shares at September 30, 2017, and at December 31, 2016)

    (239,589 )     (239,589 )

Total equity

    1,968,699       1,828,539  

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 15,728,417     $ 14,520,769  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

 

 

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

 

   

Three months ended September 30,

   

Nine months ended September 30,

 
   

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

 
   

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

 

Interest and Dividend Income

                               

Loans receivable, including loan fees

  $ 146,383     $ 118,500     $ 401,129     $ 349,212  

Investment securities

    5,692       4,850       14,817       16,974  

Federal Home Loan Bank and FRB stock

    607       393       1,317       1,122  

Term federal funds sold

    108       -       108       -  

Deposits with banks

    1,288       412       3,140       1,094  

Total interest and dividend income

    154,078       124,155       420,511       368,402  
                                 

Interest Expense

                               

Time deposits

    11,678       10,701       33,429       32,177  

Other deposits

    5,101       4,212       14,245       11,783  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    874       3,828       3,489       11,696  

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

    872       134       1,465       442  

Long-term debt

    1,456       1,456       4,320       4,336  

Deferred payments from acquisition

    901       -       901       -  

Total interest expense

    20,882       20,331       57,849       60,434  
                                 

Net interest income before reversal for credit losses

    133,196       103,824       362,662       307,968  

Reversal for loan losses

    -       -       (2,500 )     (15,650 )

Net interest income after reversal for credit losses

    133,196       103,824       365,162       323,618  
                                 

Non-Interest Income

                               

Securities gains/(losses), net

    24       1,692       (439 )     3,141  

Letters of credit commissions

    1,302       1,212       3,618       3,698  

Depository service fees

    1,407       1,401       4,259       4,109  

Gain from acquisition

    5,440       -       5,440       -  

Other operating income

    4,788       4,506       12,953       14,461  

Total non-interest income

    12,961       8,811       25,831       25,409  
                                 

Non-Interest Expense

                               

Salaries and employee benefits

    27,913       22,881       79,929       71,313  

Occupancy expense

    5,312       4,734       14,733       13,587  

Computer and equipment expense

    2,643       2,337       7,895       7,360  

Professional services expense

    4,942       4,999       14,541       13,981  

Data processing service expense

    2,918       2,279       7,846       6,556  

FDIC and regulatory assessments

    2,552       2,288       7,261       7,640  

Marketing expense

    2,103       1,516       4,833       3,314  

Other real estate owned expense/(income)

    369       (176 )     747       612  

Amortization of investments in low income housing and alternative energy partnerships

    5,723       5,432       16,797       35,626  

Amortization of core deposit intangibles

    281       172       626       517  

Acquisition and integration costs

    3,277       -       3,277       -  

Other operating expense

    3,215       4,275       11,307       10,681  

Total non-interest expense

    61,248       50,737       169,792       171,187  
                                 

Income before income tax expense

    84,909       61,898       221,201       177,840  

Income tax expense

    35,163       15,808       71,099       50,756  

Net income

  $ 49,746     $ 46,090     $ 150,102     $ 127,084  
                                 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

                               

Unrealized holding gain on securities available-for-sale

    1,060       938       3,338       15,748  

Less: reclassification adjustments for gains/(losses) included in net income

    14       981       (254 )     1,821  

Unrealized holding gain/(loss) on cash flow hedge derivatives

    157       804       (94 )     (3,598 )

Total other comprehensive gain, net of tax

    1,203       761       3,498       10,329  
                                 

Total other comprehensive income

  $ 50,949     $ 46,851     $ 153,600     $ 137,413  

Net income per common share:

                               

Basic

  $ 0.62     $ 0.58     $ 1.87     $ 1.61  

Diluted

  $ 0.61     $ 0.58     $ 1.86     $ 1.59  

Cash dividends paid per common share

  $ 0.21     $ 0.18     $ 0.63     $ 0.54  

Average common shares outstanding

                               

Basic

    80,665,398       78,865,860       80,073,249       79,147,839  

Diluted

    81,404,854       79,697,069       80,797,179       79,902,846  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

   

Nine months ended September 30

 
   

2017

   

2016

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

               

Net income

  $ 150,102     $ 127,084  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities:

               

Reversal for loan losses

    (2,500 )     (15,650 )

Provision for losses on other real estate owned

    889       176  

Deferred tax liability

    10,319       22,483  

Depreciation and amortization

    5,416       5,684  

Net gains on sale and transfer of other real estate owned

    (394 )     (476 )

Net gains on sale of loans

    -       (285 )

Proceeds from sales of loans

    7,500       13,525  

Originations of loans held-for-sale

    -       (12,665 )

Amortization on alternative energy partnerships, venture capital and other investments

    2,778       27,282  

Net loss/(gain) on sales and calls of securities

    438       (3,347 )

Amortization/accretion of security premiums/discounts, net

    990       5,193  

Loss on sales or disposal of fixed assets

    -       19  

Write-down on impaired securities

    -       206  

Stock based compensation and stock issued to officers as compensation

    4,449       3,804  

Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets

    (51,776 )     2,101  
Gain on acquisition     (5,440 )     -  

Net change in other liabilities

    828       (4,537 )

Net cash provided by operating activities

    123,599       170,597  
                 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

               

Decrease/(increase) in short-term investments

    516,008       (254,877 )

Purchase of investment securities available-for-sale

    (450,745 )     (690,966 )

Proceeds from sale of investment securities available-for-sale

    99,541       415,543  

Proceeds from repayments, maturities and calls of investment securities available-for-sale

    389,829       585,285  

Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    -       (1,650 )

Redemptions of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    6,459       -  

Net increase in loans

    (686,225 )     (853,453 )

Purchase of premises and equipment

    (976 )     (3,166 )

Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment

    -       11  

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned

    2,186       6,713  

Net increase in investment in affordable housing and alternative energy partnerships

    (20,867 )     (59,844 )

Acquisition, net of cash acquired

    (14,309 )     -  

Net cash used for investing activities

    (159,099 )     (856,404 )
                 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

               

Net (decrease)/increase in deposits

    73,120       429,976  

Net decrease in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    (250,000 )     (50,000 )

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

    2,608,000       2,730,000  

Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

    (2,393,000 )     (2,305,000 )

Cash dividends paid

    (50,491 )     (42,570 )

Purchases of treasury stock

    -       (54,441 )

Proceeds from shares issued under Dividend Reinvestment Plan

    1,849       1,643  

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

    1,018       49  

Taxes paid related to net share settlement of RSUs

    (5,127 )     (103 )

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (14,631 )     709,554  

(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

    (50,131 )     23,747  

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period

    218,017       180,130  

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period

  $ 167,886     $ 203,877  
                 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

               

Cash paid during the period:

               

Interest

  $ 58,416     $ 61,212  

Income taxes paid

  $ 62,296     $ 31,717  

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

               

Net change in unrealized holding gain on securities available-for-sale, net of tax

  $ 3,592     $ 13,927  

Net change in unrealized holding loss on cash flow hedge derivatives

  $ (94 )   $ (3,598 )

Transfers to other real estate owned from loans held for investment

  $ 726     $ 2,698  

Loans transferred from held for sale to held for investment, net

  $ -     $ 1,351  

Loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned

  $ -     $ 2,616  

Issuance of stock related to acquisition

  $ -     $ -  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

 

1. Business

 

Cathay General Bancorp (“Bancorp”) is the holding company for Cathay Bank (the “Bank” and, together, with Bancorp, the “Company”), seven limited partnerships investing in affordable housing investments in which the Bank is the sole limited partner, Asia Realty Corp. and GBC Venture Capital, Inc. Bancorp also owns 100% of the common stock of five statutory business trusts created for the purpose of issuing capital securities. The Bank was founded in 1962 and offers a wide range of financial services. As of September 30, 2017, the Bank operates 22 branches in Southern California, 12 branches in Northern California, 12 branches in New York State, three branches in Illinois, three branches in Washington State, two branches in Texas, one branch in Massachusetts, one branch in New Jersey, one branch in Maryland, one branch in Nevada, one branch in Hong Kong, and a representative office in Shanghai and in Taipei. Deposit accounts at the Hong Kong branch are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”).

 

2. Business Combinations

 

On July 14, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of SinoPac Bancorp, the parent of Far East National Bank (FENB), pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 8, 2016, by and between the Company and Bank SinoPac Co. Ltd. Under the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding share capital of SinoPac Bancorp for an aggregate purchase price of $351.6 million plus additional post closing payments based on the realization of certain assets of FENB. The Company issued 926,192 shares of common stock as consideration and the remainder of the consideration is payable in cash. Pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, (i) $100 million of the purchase price was deferred and will be released within one year based on the timing of the contemplated merger of FENB into Cathay Bank and (ii) 10% of the purchase price was held back and will be released over a period of three years following the closing of the acquisition, subject to any indemnity claims. Founded in 1974, FENB offers a wide range of financial services. The acquisition allowed the Company to expand its number of branches in  California. As of July 14, 2017, FENB operated nine branches in California, and a representative office in Beijing. The acquisition will be accounted for as a business combination, subject to the provisions of ASC 805-10-50, Business Combinations.

 

The assets and liabilities, both tangible and intangible, were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the July 14, 2017 acquisition date. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. We have included the financial results of the business combinations in the condensed consolidated statement of income beginning on the acquisition date. The purchase accounting adjustments are preliminary and subject to finalization during the one-year measurement period from the date of the acquisition.

 

 

The fair value of the assets and the liabilities acquired as of July 14, 2017 are shown below:

 

   

SinoPac Bancorp

 

Assets acquired:

       

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 166,932  

Short-term investments

    122,000  

Securities available-for-sale

    107,934  

Loans

    703,787  

Premises and equipment

    6,198  

Cash surrender value of life insurance

    46,083  

Deferred tax assets, net

    40,136  

Core deposit intangible

    7,144  

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

    9,134  

Total assets acquired

    1,209,348  
         

Liabilities assumed:

       

Deposits

    813,888  

Long-term debt

    30,000  

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

    5,608  

Total liabilities assumed

    849,496  

Net assets acquired

  $ 359,852  
         
         

Cash paid

  $ 181,241  

Fair value of common stock issued

    34,862  

Total consideration paid

  $ 216,103  
         

Purchase price payable to SinoPac

    138,309  

Total consideration

  $ 354,412  

Gains on bargain purchase

  $ 5,440  

 

3. Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017. For further information, refer to the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company expects that the most significant estimates subject to change are the allowance for loan losses, goodwill impairment, and other-than-temporary impairment.

 

 

4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

Accounting Standards adopted in 2017

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Compensation Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” ASU 2016-09 changes aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including: (1) accounting for income taxes; (2) classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; (3) forfeitures; (4) minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; and (5) classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. ASU 2016-09 became effective for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2017. The method of adoption differs for each of the topics covered by the ASU. The Company elected to apply all topics covered by the ASU on a prospective basis and has elected to continue to estimate forfeitures expected to occur in determining the amount of compensation cost to be recognized each period.

 

Under ASU 2016-09, all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies from share based payments are recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement instead of the previous accounting which credited excess tax benefits to additional paid-in capital and tax deficiencies as a charge to income tax expense or as an offset to accumulated excess tax benefits, if any. Excess tax benefits or deficiencies are included in income tax expense as discrete items in the period in which they occur. For diluted earnings per share calculations, excess tax benefits are no longer included in assumed proceeds when determining average diluted shares outstanding under the treasury stock method. ASU 2016-09 resulted in a $2.6 million tax benefit from the distribution of restricted stock units in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

 

Other Accounting Standards

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The new guidance replaces existing revenue recognition guidance for contracts to provide goods or services to customers and amends existing guidance related to recognition of gains and losses on the sale of certain nonfinancial assets such as real estate. ASU 2014-09 clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue and replaces nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP. Quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers are also required. ASU 2014-09 as amended by ASU 2015-14, ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10 and ASU 2016-12, is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and is applied on either a modified retrospective or full retrospective basis. Our revenue is primarily comprised of net interest income on financial assets and financial liabilities, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of ASU 2014-09, and non-interest income. The Company has completed the assessment phase of implementing this new standard. In the assessment phase, the Company determined which revenue streams are within the scope and those that are excluded from the scope of the new standard. Based on this assessment, the Company concluded that substantially all of the Company's revenues are excluded from the scope of the new standard. For the revenues within the scope of the new standard, the Company concluded that there will not be a material impact under the new standard.

 

 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This update requires an entity to measure equity investments with readily determinable fair values at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. Equity investment without readily determinable fair values will be measured at fair value either upon the occurrence of an observable price change or upon identification of an impairment and any amount by which the carrying value exceeding the fair value will be recognized as an impairment in net income. This update also requires an entity to disclose fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet to measure that fair value using the exit price option. In addition, this update requires separate presentation in comprehensive income for changes in the fair value of a liability and in the balance sheet by measurement category and form of financial asset. ASU 2016-01 becomes effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which is intended to increase transparency and comparability in the accounting for lease transactions. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize all leases longer than twelve months on the consolidated balance sheet as lease assets and lease liabilities and quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding key information about leasing arrangements. Lessor accounting is largely unchanged. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years with an option to early adopt. ASU 2016-02 mandates a modified retrospective transition method for all entities. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-02 and has determined that the majority of our leases are operating leases. We expect, upon adoption, the Company will record a liability for the remaining obligation under the lease agreements and a corresponding right-of-use asset in its consolidated financial statements. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for us on January 1, 2019 and will require transition using a modified retrospective approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This update requires an entity to use a broader range of reasonable and supportable forecasts, in addition to historical experience and current conditions, to develop an expected credit loss estimate for financial assets and net investments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 becomes effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019.  The Company has designated a management team to evaluate ASU 2016-13 and develop an implementation strategy. The Company has not yet determined the effect of ASU 2016-13 on its accounting policies or the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” This update provides guidance on eight cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice related to debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interest in securitization transactions, separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The amendments reduce current and potential future diversity in practice. The amendments in this update apply to all entities that are required to present a statement of cash flows under Topic 230. ASU 2016-15 becomes effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

 

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Income Taxes – Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory.” This update will allow the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory when the transfer occurs. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows – Restricted Cash.” This update requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this update do not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of ASU 2016-18 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) – Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” This update clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. Under the current implementation guidance in Topic 805, there are three elements of a business—inputs, processes, and outputs. While an integrated set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”) that is a business usually has outputs, outputs are not required to be present. In addition, all the inputs and processes that a seller uses in operating a set are not required if market participants can acquire the set and continue to produce outputs, for example, by integrating the acquired set with their own inputs and processes. The amendments in this update also provide a screen to determine when a set is not a business. The amendments in this update affect all reporting entities that must determine whether they have acquired or sold a business. The amendments in this update are to be applied to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of ASU 2017-01 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” This update simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Adoption of this update is on a prospective basis and the amendments in this update are to be applied to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, "Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” This update clarifies that a financial asset is within the scope of Subtopic 610-20 if it meets the definition of an in substance nonfinancial asset. The amendments define the term “in substance nonfinancial asset”, in part, as a financial asset promised to a counterparty in a contract if substantially all of the fair value of the assets (recognized and unrecognized) that are promised to the counterparty in the contract is concentrated in nonfinancial assets, then all of the financial assets promised to the counterparty are in substance nonfinancial assets with the scope of Subtopic 610-20. The amendments in this update clarify that an entity should identify each distinct nonfinancial asset or in substance nonfinancial asset promised to a counterparty and derecognize each asset when a counterparty obtains control of it. The amendments also clarify that an entity should allocate consideration to each distinct asset by applying the guidance in Topic 606 on allocating the transaction price to performance obligations. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Adoption of ASU 2017-05 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

 

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, “Receivables- Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.” This update amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. This update affects all entities that hold investments in callable debt securities that have an amortized cost basis in excess of the amount that is repayable by the issuer at the earliest call date. This update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Modification Accounting. The amendments in this update provide guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. The amendments in this update affect any entity that changes the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The amendments should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. The amendments in this update are effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of ASU 2017-09 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11, “Earnings per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)." There are two parts to this update. Part I of this update addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. Down round features are features of certain equity-linked instruments that result in the strike price being reduced on the basis of the pricing of future equity offerings. Part II of this update addresses the difficulty in navigating topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, because of the existence of extensive pending content in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This pending content is the result of the indefinite deferral of accounting requirements about mandatorily redeemable financial instruments of certain nonpublic entities and certain mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The amendments in part I of this update should be applied in either of the following ways: (i) Retrospectively to outstanding financial instruments with a down round feature by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the statement of financial position as of the beginning of the first fiscal year and interim periods in which the pending content that links to this paragraph is effective; or (ii) Retrospectively to outstanding financial instruments with a down round feature for each prior reporting period presented in accordance with the guidance on accounting changes in paragraphs 250-10-45-5 through 45-10. The amendments to Part II of this update do not require any transition guidance because those amendments do not have an accounting effect. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)”, targeted improvements to accounting for hedging activities. The amendments in this update better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. To meet that objective, the amendments expand and refine hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and align the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early application is permitted in any interim period after issuance of the update. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

 

5. Earnings per Share

 

Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock and resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in earnings. Outstanding stock options with anti-dilutive effect were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. The following table sets forth earnings per common share calculations:

 

 

   

Three months ended September 30,

   

Nine months ended September 30,

 

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

 

Net income

  $ 49,746     $ 46,090     $ 150,102     $ 127,084  
                                 

Weighted-average shares:

                               

Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding

    80,665,398       78,865,860       80,073,249       79,147,839  

Dilutive effect of weighted-average outstanding common share equivalents

                               

Warrants

    399,957       569,949       409,019       520,686  

Options

    19,221       95,850       25,706       90,461  

Restricted stock units

    320,278       165,410       289,205       143,860  

Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding

    81,404,854       79,697,069       80,797,179       79,902,846  
                                 

Average stock options and warrants with anti-dilutive effect

    0       207,183       6,561       247,974  

Earnings per common share:

                               

Basic

  $ 0.62     $ 0.58     $ 1.87     $ 1.61  

Diluted

  $ 0.61     $ 0.58     $ 1.86     $ 1.59  

 

6. Stock-Based Compensation

 

Under the Company’s equity incentive plans, directors and eligible employees may be granted incentive or non-statutory stock options and/or restricted stock units, or awarded non-vested stock. As of September 30, 2017, the only options granted by the Company were non-statutory stock options to selected Bank officers and non-employee directors at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Such options have a maximum ten-year term and vest in 20% annual increments (subject to early termination in certain events). There were no options granted during the first nine months of 2017 or 2016.

 

 

Option compensation expense was zero for the three months and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and September 30, 2016. Stock-based compensation was fully recognized over the requisite service period for all awards. There were 43,540 and 2,110 stock option shares exercised in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company received $1.0 million from the exercise of stock options which had an aggregate intrinsic value of $607,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $49,000 from the exercise of stock options which had an aggregate intrinsic value of $9,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The table below summarizes stock option activity for the periods indicated:

 

                   

Weighted-average

   

Aggregate

 
           

Weighted-average

   

Remaining Contractual

   

Intrinsic

 
   

Shares

   

Exercise Price

   

Life (in years)

   

Value (in thousands)

 
                                 

Balance, December 31, 2016

    82,670     $ 23.37       1.1     $ 1,211  

Exercised

    (18,040 )     23.37                  

Balance, March 31, 2017

    64,630     $ 23.37       0.9     $ 925  

Exercised

    (19,500 )     23.37                  

Balance, June 30, 2017

    45,130     $ 23.37       0.7     $ 658  

Exercised

    (6,000 )     23.37                  

Balance, September 30, 2017

    39,130     $ 23.37       0.4     $ 659  
                                 

Exercisable, September 30, 2017

    39,130     $ 23.37       0.4     $ 659  

 

In addition to stock options, the Company also grants restricted stock units to eligible employees that vest subject to continued employment at the vesting dates.

 

The Company granted restricted stock units for 87,781 shares at an average closing price of $38.59 per share in the first nine months of 2017. The Company granted restricted stock units for 88,693 shares at an average closing price of $30.37 per share in 2016.

 

Starting in December 2013, the Company granted performance share unit awards in which the number of units earned is calculated based on the relative total shareholder return (TSR) of the Company’s common stock as compared to the TSR of the KBW Regional Banking Index. In addition, the Company granted performance share unit awards in which the number of units earned is determined by comparison to the targeted earnings per share (EPS) as defined in the award for the 2014 to 2016 period. In December 2016, in addition to TSR and EPS awards, the Company granted performance share unit awards in which the number of units earned is determined by comparison to the targeted return of assets ROA as defined in the award for December 2016. Performance TSR, performance EPS, and performance ROA units awarded are scheduled to vest on December 31 of the third full year from the grant date. The Company granted performance TSR restricted stock units for 30,319 shares in 2016, 61,209 shares in 2015 and 60,456 shares in 2014, performance EPS restricted stock units for 58,241 shares in 2016, 57,409 shares in 2015 and 57,642 shares in 2014, and performance ROA restricted stock units for 29,119 shares in 2016, to its seven executive officers. In February 2017, after approval by the Company’s Compensation Committee, 297,171 shares of the Company’s stock were distributed under the TSR and EPS grants awarded in December 2013 under the terms of the awards, including 76,623 shares granted and distributed based on higher than target actual performance and for cash dividends during the performance period.

 

The following table presents restricted stock unit activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

 

   

Units

 

Balance at December 31, 2016

    727,419  

Granted

    164,404  

Distributed

    (297,905 )

Forfeited

    (10,424 )

Balance at September 30, 2017

    583,494  

 

 

The compensation expense recorded for restricted stock units was $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $1.2 million in the same period a year ago. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, compensation expense recorded related to the restricted stock units was $3.9 million and $3.3 million, respectively. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units was $9.1 million as of September 30, 2017, and is expected to be recognized over the next 2.0 years.

 

As of September 30, 2017, 3,465,411 shares were available under the Company’s 2005 Incentive Plan (as Amended and Restated) for future grants.

 

Tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements of $2.6 million reduced income tax expense in the first nine months of 2017 compared to a tax short-fall of $3.4 million that was charged to income tax expense in the first nine months of 2016.

 

7. Investment Securities

 

Investment securities were $1.4 billion as of September 30, 2017, compared to $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2016. The following tables reflect the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, and fair value of investment securities as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016:

 

   

September 30, 2017

 
           

Gross

   

Gross

         
   

Amortized

   

Unrealized

   

Unrealized

         
   

Cost

   

Gains

   

Losses

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Securities Available-for-Sale

                               

U.S. treasury securities

  $ 399,741     $ -     $ 305     $ 399,436  

U.S. government agency entities

    9,679       27       6       9,700  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    400,000       -       6,278       393,722  

State and municipal securities

    1,943       -       12       1,931  

Mortgage-backed securities

    447,959       468       2,362       446,065  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    1,715       -       5       1,710  

Corporate debt securities

    80,007       904       5       80,906  

Mutual funds

    6,500       -       229       6,271  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

    4,117       3,970       -       8,087  

Other equity securities

    13,294       7,463       98       20,659  

Total

  $ 1,364,955     $ 12,832     $ 9,300     $ 1,368,487  

 

   

December 31, 2016

 
           

Gross

   

Gross

         
   

Amortized

   

Unrealized

   

Unrealized

         
   

Cost

   

Gains

   

Losses

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Securities Available-for-Sale

                               

U.S. treasury securities

  $ 489,839     $ 35     $ 857     $ 489,017  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    400,000       -       9,669       390,331  

Mortgage-backed securities

    339,241       309       3,290       336,260  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    48       -       20       28  

Corporate debt securities

    74,965       247       862       74,350  

Mutual funds

    6,500       -       270       6,230  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

    2,811       4,497       -       7,308  

Other equity securities

    3,608       7,213       -       10,821  

Total

  $ 1,317,012     $ 12,301     $ 14,968     $ 1,314,345  

 

 

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of September 30, 2017, by contractual maturities, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or repayment penalties.  

 

   

Securities Available-For-Sale

 
   

Amortized cost

   

Fair value

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Due in one year or less

  $ 415,782     $ 415,555  

Due after one year through five years

    465,328       459,924  

Due after five years through ten years

    8,658       8,647  

Due after ten years (1)

    475,187       484,361  

Total

  $ 1,364,955     $ 1,368,487  

 

 

(1) Equity securities are reported in this category

 

 

 

There were no sales transactions of mortgage-backed securities during the first nine months of 2017. Proceeds of $415.3 million were received from the sales transactions of mortgage-backed securities during the first nine months of 2016. Proceeds from repayments, maturities and calls of mortgage-backed securities were $48.5 million and $125.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Proceeds of $99.5 million were received from the sale of other investment securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. There were no sales transactions of other investment securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Proceeds from maturities and calls of other investment securities were $341.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $460.0 million during the same period a year ago. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, $439,000 of losses were realized on sales of investment securities. Other than temporary impairment write-downs of zero and $206,000 were recorded during the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.

 

The tables below show the fair value and unrealized losses of the temporarily impaired securities in our investment securities portfolio as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016:

 

   

September 30, 2017

 
   

Temporarily impaired securities

 
       
   

Less than 12 months

   

12 months or longer

   

Total

 
   

Fair

   

Unrealized

   

Fair

   

Unrealized

   

Fair

   

Unrealized

 
   

Value

   

Losses

   

Value

   

Losses

   

Value

   

Losses

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

Securities Available-for-Sale

                                               

U.S. treasury securities

  $ 339,707     $ 46     $ 49,729     $ 259     $ 389,436     $ 305  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    395,774       6,284       -       -       395,774       6,284  

State and municipal securities

    1,931       12       -       -       1,931       12  

Mortgage-backed securities

    359,112       2,359       122       3       359,234       2,362  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    1,710       5       -       -       1,710       5  

Corporate debt securities

    5,029       5       -       -       5,029       5  

Mutual funds

    -       -       6,271       229       6,271       229  

Other equity securities

    4,680       98       -       -       4,680       98  

Total

  $ 1,107,943     $ 8,809     $ 56,122     $ 491     $ 1,164,065     $ 9,300  

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Temporarily impaired securities

 
       
   

Less than 12 months

   

12 months or longer

   

Total

 
   

Fair

   

Unrealized

   

Fair

   

Unrealized

   

Fair

   

Unrealized

 
   

Value

   

Losses

   

Value

   

Losses

   

Value

   

Losses

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

Securities Available-for-Sale

                                               

U.S. treasury securities

  $ 299,088     $ 857     $ -     $ -     $ 299,088     $ 857  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    390,331       9,669       -       -       390,331       9,669  

Mortgage-backed securities

    328,236       3,288       62       2       328,298       3,290  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    -       -       28       20       28       20  

Corporate debt securities

    -       -       29,138       862       29,138       862  

Mutual funds

    -       -       6,230       270       6,230       270  

Total

  $ 1,017,655     $ 13,814     $ 35,458     $ 1,154     $ 1,053,113     $ 14,968  

 

As of September 30, 2017, the Company had unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities of $9.3 million. The unrealized losses on these securities were primarily attributed to yield curve movement, together with widened liquidity spreads and credit spreads. The issuers have not, to the Company’s knowledge, established any cause for default on these securities. Management believes the impairment was temporary and, accordingly, no impairment loss on these securities has been recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company expects to recover the amortized cost basis of its debt securities, and has no intent to sell and will not be required to sell available-for-sale debt securities that have declined below their cost before their anticipated recovery.

 

Investment securities having a carrying value of $291.4 million as of September 30, 2017, and $649.1 million as of December 31, 2016, were pledged to secure public deposits, other borrowings, treasury tax and loan, and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. 

 

 

8. Loans

 

Most of the Company’s business activities are with customers located in the predominately Asian-populated areas of Southern and Northern California; New York City, New York; Dallas and Houston, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Edison, New Jersey; Rockville, Maryland; Las Vegas, Nevada, and Hong Kong. The Company has no specific industry concentration, and generally its loans are secured by real property or other collateral of the borrowers. Loans are generally expected to be paid off from the operating profits of the borrowers, from refinancing by other lenders, or through sale by the borrowers of the secured collateral.

 

The types of loans in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, were as follows:

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 2,419,891     $ 2,248,187  

Residential mortgage loans

    2,922,537       2,444,048  

Commercial mortgage loans

    6,377,047       5,785,248  

Real estate construction loans

    691,486       548,088  

Equity lines

    181,751       171,711  

Installment & other loans

    4,722       3,993  

Gross loans

  $ 12,597,434     $ 11,201,275  

Allowance for loan losses

    (121,535 )     (118,966 )

Unamortized deferred loan fees

    (3,424 )     (4,994 )

Total loans, net

  $ 12,472,475     $ 11,077,315  

Loans held for sale

  $ -     $ 7,500  

 

 

As of September 30, 2017, recorded investment in impaired loans totaled $127.7 million and was comprised of non-accrual loans, excluding loans held for sale, of $65.3 million and accruing troubled debt restructured loans (TDRs) of $62.4 million. As of December 31, 2016, recorded investment in impaired loans totaled $115.1 million and was comprised of non-accrual loans, excluding loans held for sale, of $49.7 million and accruing TDRs of $65.4 million. For impaired loans, the amounts previously charged off represent 7.1% as of September 30, 2017, and 8.4% as of December 31, 2016, of the contractual balances for impaired loans.

 

The following table presents the average balance and interest income recognized related to impaired loans for the periods indicated:

 

   

Impaired Loans

 
   

Average Recorded Investment

   

Interest Income Recognized

 
   

Three months ended

   

Nine months ended

   

Three months ended

   

Nine months ended

 
   

September 30,

   

September 30,

   

September 30,

   

September 30,

 
   

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

 
                    (In thousands)                  

Commercial loans

  $ 24,987     $ 28,091     $ 22,572     $ 18,602     $ 678     $ 170     $ 760     $ 488  

Real estate construction loans

    29,780       5,869       29,868       12,005       99       66       287       196  

Commercial mortgage loans

    58,555       81,005       60,074       86,456       391       776       1,015       2,124  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    13,937       18,256       15,208       17,456       96       148       287       401  

Total impaired loans

  $ 127,259     $ 133,221     $ 127,722     $ 134,519     $ 1,264     $ 1,160     $ 2,349     $ 3,209  

 

 

The following table presents impaired loans and the related allowance for loan losses as of the dates indicated:

 

   

Impaired Loans

 
   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
                                     
   

Unpaid

Principal

Balance

   

Recorded Investment

   

Allowance

   

Unpaid

Principal

Balance

   

Recorded Investment

   

Allowance

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

With no allocated allowance

                                               

Commercial loans

  $ 23,953     $ 23,373     $ -     $ 24,037     $ 23,121     $ -  

Real estate construction loans

    22,309       21,748       -       5,776       5,458       -  

Commercial mortgage loans

    39,154       32,370       -       60,522       54,453       -  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    2,264       2,264       -       5,472       5,310       -  

Subtotal

  $ 87,680     $ 79,755     $ -     $ 95,807     $ 88,342     $ -  

With allocated allowance

                                               

Commercial loans

  $ 14,082     $ 13,985     $ 1,461     $ 5,216     $ 4,640     $ 1,827  

Commercial mortgage loans

    23,061       22,820       823       10,158       10,017       573  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    12,461       11,111       322       13,263       12,075       396  

Subtotal

  $ 49,604     $ 47,916     $ 2,606     $ 28,637     $ 26,732     $ 2,796  

Total impaired loans

  $ 137,284     $ 127,671     $ 2,606     $ 124,444     $ 115,074     $ 2,796  

 

 

The following tables present the aging of the loan portfolio by type as of September 30, 2017, and as of December 31, 2016:

 

   

September 30, 2017

 
   

30-59 Days

Past Due

   

60-89 Days

Past Due

   

90 Days or More Past

Due

   

Non-accrual Loans

   

Total

Past Due

   

Loans Not

Past Due

   

Total

 

Type of Loans:

 

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 8,412     $ 14,855     $ 3,900     $ 15,942     $ 43,109     $ 2,376,782     $ 2,419,891  

Real estate construction loans

    -       -       -       14,267       14,267       677,219       691,486  

Commercial mortgage loans

    -       -       -       28,379       28,379       6,348,668       6,377,047  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    -       89       -       6,725       6,814       3,097,474       3,104,288  

Installment and other loans

    -       -       -       -       -       4,722       4,722  

Total loans

  $ 8,412     $ 14,944     $ 3,900     $ 65,313     $ 92,569     $ 12,504,865     $ 12,597,434  

 

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

30-59 Days

Past Due

   

60-89 Days

Past Due

   

90 Days or More Past

Due

   

Non-accrual Loans

   

Total

Past Due

   

Loans Not

Past Due

   

Total

 

Type of Loans:

 

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 22,753     $ 27,190     $ -     $ 15,710     $ 65,653     $ 2,182,534     $ 2,248,187  

Real estate construction loans

    10,390       5,835       -       5,458       21,683       526,405       548,088  

Commercial mortgage loans

    5,886       700       -       20,078       26,664       5,758,584       5,785,248  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    4,390       -       -       8,436       12,826       2,602,933       2,615,759  

Installment and other loans

    -       -       -       -       -       3,993       3,993  

Total loans

  $ 43,419     $ 33,725     $ -     $ 49,682     $ 126,826     $ 11,074,449     $ 11,201,275  

 

The determination of the amount of the allowance for loan losses for impaired loans is based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectability when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for loan losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. This allowance evaluation process is also applied to troubled debt restructurings since they are considered to be impaired loans.

 

 

A troubled debt restructuring is a formal modification of the terms of a loan when the lender, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including a change in the stated interest rate, a reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, or an extension of the maturity date that causes significant delay in payment.

 

TDRs on accrual status are comprised of the loans that have, pursuant to the Bank’s policy, performed under the restructured terms and have demonstrated sustained performance under the modified terms for six months before being returned to accrual status. The sustained performance considered by management pursuant to its policy includes the periods prior to the modification if the prior performance met or exceeded the modified terms. This would include cash paid by the borrower prior to the restructure to set up interest reserves.

 

As of September 30, 2017, accruing TDRs were $62.4 million and non-accrual TDRs were $33.7 million compared to accruing TDRs of $65.4 million and non-accrual TDRs of $29.7 million as of December 31, 2016. The Company allocated specific reserves of $1.1 million to accruing TDRs and $143,000 to non-accrual TDRs as of September 30, 2017, and $1.3 million to accruing TDRs and $1.1 million to non-accrual TDRs as of December 31, 2016. The following tables present TDRs that were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, their specific reserves as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, and charge-offs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

 

   

Three months ended September 30, 2017

   

September 30, 2017

 
   

No. of Contracts

   

Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Charge-offs

   

Specific Reserve

 
   

(Dollars in thousands)

 
                                         

Commercial loans

    8     $ 18,873     $ 18,873     $ -     $ 636  

Commercial mortgage loans

    5       4,123       3,818       305       10  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    1       483       483       -       32  

Total

    14     $ 23,479     $ 23,174     $ 305     $ 678  

 

   

Three months ended September 30, 2016

   

September 30, 2016

 
   

No. of Contracts

   

Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Charge-offs

   

Specific Reserve

 
   

(Dollars in thousands)

 
                                         

Commercial loans

    7     $ 18,258     $ 18,258     $ -     $ 208  

Commercial mortgage loans

    1       738       738       -       -  

Total

    8     $ 18,996     $ 18,996     $ -     $ 208  

 

 

   

Nine months ended September 30, 2017

   

September 30, 2017

 
   

No. of Contracts

   

Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Charge-offs

   

Specific Reserve

 
   

(Dollars in thousands)

 
                                         

Commercial loans

    13     $ 19,543     $ 19,543     $ -     $ 641  

Real estate construction loans

    2       28,489       28,489       -       -  

Commercial mortgage loans

    5       4,123       3,818       305       10  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    1       483       483       -       32  

Total

    21     $ 52,638     $ 52,333     $ 305     $ 683  

 

 

   

Nine months ended September 30, 2016

   

September 30, 2016

 
   

No. of Contracts

   

Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment

   

Charge-offs

   

Specific Reserve

 
   

(Dollars in thousands)

 
                                         

Commercial loans

    11     $ 23,102     $ 23,102     $ -     $ 222  

Commercial mortgage loans

    1       738       738       -       -  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    2       367       367       -       -  

Total

    14     $ 24,207     $ 24,207     $ -     $ 222  

 

Modifications of the loan terms during the first nine months of 2017 were in the form of extensions of maturity dates. The length of time for which modifications involving extensions of maturity dates ranged from three to twelve months from the modification date. 

 

We expect that the TDRs on accruing status as of September 30, 2017, which were all performing in accordance with their restructured terms, will continue to comply with the restructured terms because of the reduced principal or interest payments on these loans.  A summary of TDRs by type of concession and by type of loan, as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, is shown below:

 

 

   

September 30, 2017

 

Accruing TDRs

 

Payment

Deferral

   

Rate

Reduction

   

 

Rate Reduction

and Payment Deferral

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 21,416     $ -     $ -     $ 21,416  

Real estate construction loans

    7,480       -       -       7,480  

Commercial mortgage loans

    16,130       5,895       4,787       26,812  

Residential mortgage loans

    3,516       337       2,797       6,650  

Total accruing TDRs

  $ 48,542     $ 6,232     $ 7,584     $ 62,358  

 

 

   

September 30, 2017

 

Non-accrual TDRs

 

Payment

Deferral

   

Rate

Reduction

   

 

Rate Reduction

and Payment

Deferral

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 13,259     $ -     $ -     $ 13,259  

Commercial mortgage loans

    1,347       1,706       16,508       19,561  

Residential mortgage loans

    714       -       157       871  

Total non-accrual TDRs

  $ 15,320     $ 1,706     $ 16,665     $ 33,691  

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

 

Accruing TDRs

 

Payment

Deferral

   

Rate

Reduction

   

 

Rate Reduction

and Payment Deferral

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 7,971     $ -     $ 4,081     $ 12,052  

Commercial mortgage loans

    25,979       5,961       12,452       44,392  

Residential mortgage loans

    5,104       789       3,056       8,949  

Total accruing TDRs

  $ 39,054     $ 6,750     $ 19,589     $ 65,393  

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

 

Non-accrual TDRs

 

Payment

Deferral

   

Rate

Reduction

   

 

Rate Reduction

and Payment

Deferral

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 14,565     $ -     $ -     $ 14,565  

Commercial mortgage loans

    2,510       1,795       10,328       14,633  

Residential mortgage loans

    356       -       168       524  

Total non-accrual TDRs

  $ 17,431     $ 1,795     $ 10,496     $ 29,722  

 

 

The activity within our TDRs for the periods indicated is shown below:

 

 

   

Three months ended September 30,

   

Nine months ended September 30,

 

Accruing TDRs

 

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Beginning balance

  $ 79,819     $ 74,708     $ 65,393     $ 81,680  

New restructurings

    21,790       18,347       49,973       20,412  

Restructured loans restored to accrual status

    -       -       -       10,303  

Payments

    (35,677 )     (6,500 )     (41,372 )     (9,816 )

Restructured loans placed on non-accrual status

    (3,574 )     -       (9,396 )     (1,138 )

Expiration of loan concession upon renewal

    -       -       (2,240 )     (14,886 )

Ending balance

  $ 62,358     $ 86,555     $ 62,358     $ 86,555  

 

   

Three months ended September 30,

   

Nine months ended September 30,

 

Non-accrual TDRs

 

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Beginning balance

  $ 30,045     $ 25,442     $ 29,722     $ 39,923  

New restructurings

    2,360       649       2,360       3,794  

Restructured loans placed on non-accrual status

    3,574       -       9,396       1,138  

Charge-offs

    (355 )     (3,407 )     (1,901 )     (4,352 )

Payments

    (1,933 )     (1,814 )     (5,160 )     (9,330 )

Foreclosures

    -       -       (726 )     -  

Restructured loans restored to accrual status

    -       -       -       (10,303 )

Ending balance

  $ 33,691     $ 20,870     $ 33,691     $ 20,870  

 

The Company considers a loan to be in payment default once it is 60 to 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms.  One commercial loan of $50,000 with charge-offs of $2.1 million had payment defaults within the previous twelve months ended September 30, 2017.

 

Under the Company’s internal underwriting policy, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification in order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.

 

As of September 30, 2017, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to those borrowers whose loans had been restructured, were considered impaired, or were on non-accrual status.

 

 

As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of our loan portfolio, the Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each loan. The risk rating categories can be generally described by the following grouping for non-homogeneous loans: 

 

 

Pass/Watch – These loans range from minimal credit risk to lower than average, but still acceptable, credit risk.

 

 

Special Mention Borrower is fundamentally sound and loan is currently protected but adverse trends are apparent that, if not corrected, may affect ability to repay. Primary source of loan repayment remains viable but there is increasing reliance on collateral or guarantor support.

 

 

Substandard  These loans are inadequately protected by current sound net worth, paying capacity, or collateral. Well-defined weaknesses exist that could jeopardize repayment of debt. Loss may not be imminent, but if weaknesses are not corrected, there is a good possibility of some loss.

 

 

Doubtful – The possibility of loss is extremely high, but due to identifiable and important pending events (which may strengthen the loan), a loss classification is deferred until the situation is better defined.

 

 

Loss – These loans are considered uncollectible and of such little value that to continue to carry the loan as an active asset is no longer warranted.

 

The following tables present the loan portfolio by risk rating as of September 30, 2017, and as of December 31, 2016:

 

   

September 30, 2017

 
   

Pass/Watch

   

Special Mention

   

Substandard

   

Doubtful

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 2,216,816     $ 146,479     $ 56,565     $ 31     $ 2,419,891  

Real estate construction loans

    604,363       65,375       21,748       -       691,486  

Commercial mortgage loans

    5,904,023       305,927       167,097       -       6,377,047  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    3,064,118       31,858       8,312       -       3,104,288  

Installment and other loans

    4,722       -       -       -       4,722  

Total gross loans

  $ 11,794,042     $ 549,639     $ 253,722     $ 31     $ 12,597,434  
                                         

Loans held for sale

  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Pass/Watch

   

Special Mention

   

Substandard

   

Doubtful

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 2,023,114     $ 140,682     $ 84,293     $ 98     $ 2,248,187  

Real estate construction loans

    469,909       44,129       34,050       -       548,088  

Commercial mortgage loans

    5,410,623       250,221       124,404       -       5,785,248  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    2,605,834       -       9,925       -       2,615,759  

Installment and other loans

    3,993       -       -       -       3,993  

Total gross loans

  $ 10,513,473     $ 435,032     $ 252,672     $ 98     $ 11,201,275  
                                         

Loans held for sale

  $ -     $ -     $ 7,500     $ -     $ 7,500  

 

 

The allowance for loan losses and the reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments are significant estimates that can and do change based on management’s process in analyzing the loan portfolio and on management’s assumptions about specific borrowers, underlying collateral, and applicable economic and environmental conditions, among other factors.

 

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2017, and as of December 31, 2016:

 

           

Real Estate

   

Commercial

   

Residential

                 
   

Commercial

   

Construction

   

Mortgage

   

Mortgage Loans

   

Installment and

         
   

Loans

   

Loans

   

Loans

   

and Equity Lines

   

Other Loans

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 

September 30, 2017

                                               

Loans individually evaluated for impairment

                                               

Allowance

  $ 1,461     $ -     $ 823     $ 322     $ -     $ 2,606  

Balance

  $ 37,358     $ 21,748     $ 55,190     $ 13,376     $ -     $ 127,672  
                                                 

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment

                                               

Allowance

  $ 49,578     $ 22,008     $ 36,579     $ 10,740     $ 24     $ 118,929  

Balance

  $ 2,382,533     $ 669,738     $ 6,321,857     $ 3,090,912     $ 4,722     $ 12,469,762  
                                                 

Total allowance

  $ 51,039     $ 22,008     $ 37,402     $ 11,062     $ 24     $ 121,535  

Total balance

  $ 2,419,891     $ 691,486     $ 6,377,047     $ 3,104,288     $ 4,722     $ 12,597,434  
                                                 

December 31, 2016

                                               

Loans individually evaluated for impairment

                                               

Allowance

  $ 1,827     $ -     $ 573     $ 396     $ -     $ 2,796  

Balance

  $ 27,761     $ 5,458     $ 64,470     $ 17,385     $ -     $ 115,074  
                                                 

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment

                                               

Allowance

  $ 47,376     $ 23,268     $ 34,291     $ 11,224     $ 11     $ 116,170  

Balance

  $ 2,220,426     $ 542,630     $ 5,720,778     $ 2,598,374     $ 3,993     $ 11,086,201  
                                                 

Total allowance

  $ 49,203     $ 23,268     $ 34,864     $ 11,620     $ 11     $ 118,966  

Total balance

  $ 2,248,187     $ 548,088     $ 5,785,248     $ 2,615,759     $ 3,993     $ 11,201,275  

 

 

The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, and September 30, 2016. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.

 

 

Three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016    

                             
           

Real Estate

   

Commercial

   

Residential

   

Installment

         
   

Commercial

   

Construction

   

Mortgage

   

Mortgage Loans

   

and Other

         
   

Loans

   

Loans

   

Loans

   

and Equity Lines

   

Loans

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

June 30, 2017 Ending Balance

  $ 46,744     $ 17,844     $ 36,840     $ 14,364     $ 17       115,809  

Provision/(credit) for possible credit losses

    3,800       4,117       (4,615 )     (3,309 )     7       -  

Charge-offs

    (80 )     -       (305 )     -       -       (385 )

Recoveries

    575       47       5,482       7       -       6,111  

Net (charge-offs)/recoveries

    495       47       5,177       7       -       5,726  

September 30, 2017 Ending Balance

  $ 51,039     $ 22,008     $ 37,402     $ 11,062     $ 24     $ 121,535  
                                                 

June 30, 2016 Ending Balance

  $ 50,590     $ 10,753     $ 46,090     $ 15,503     $ 12     $ 122,948  

Provision/(credit) for possible credit losses

    4,380       (2,056 )     3,132       (5,452 )     (4 )     -  

Charge-offs

    (3,277 )     -       (4,626 )     -       -       (7,903 )

Recoveries

    2,006       548       337       6       -       2,897  

Net (charge-offs)/recoveries

    (1,271 )     548       (4,289 )     6       -       (5,006 )

September 30, 2016 Ending Balance

  $ 53,699     $ 9,245     $ 44,933     $ 10,057     $ 8     $ 117,942  

 

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016

                               
           

Real Estate

   

Commercial

   

Residential

   

Installment

         
   

Commercial

   

Construction

   

Mortgage

   

Mortgage Loans

   

and Other

         
   

Loans

   

Loans

   

Loans

   

and Equity Lines

   

Loans

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

2017 Beginning Balance

  $ 49,203     $ 23,268     $ 34,864     $ 11,620     $ 11     $ 118,966  

Provision/(credit) for possible credit losses

    2,245       (1,403 )     (2,775 )     (580 )     13       (2,500 )

Charge-offs

    (1,810 )     -       (860 )     -       -       (2,670 )

Recoveries

    1,401       143       6,173       22       -       7,739  

Net (charge-offs)/recoveries

    (409 )     143       5,313       22       -       5,069  
                                                 

September 30, 2017 Ending Balance

  $ 51,039     $ 22,008     $ 37,402     $ 11,062     $ 24     $ 121,535  

Reserve for impaired loans

  $ 1,461     $ -     $ 823     $ 322     $ -     $ 2,606  

Reserve for non-impaired loans

  $ 49,578     $ 22,008     $ 36,579     $ 10,740     $ 24     $ 118,929  

Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments

  $ 2,760     $ 1,206     $ 109     $ 175     $ 4     $ 4,254  
                                                 

2016 Beginning Balance

  $ 56,199     $ 22,170     $ 49,440     $ 11,145     $ 9     $ 138,963  

Provision/(credit) for possible credit losses

    5,815       (20,796 )     295       (963 )     (1 )     (15,650 )

Charge-offs

    (12,035 )     -       (5,681 )     (149 )     -       (17,865 )

Recoveries

    3,720       7,871       879       24       -       12,494  

Net (charge-offs)/recoveries

    (8,315 )     7,871       (4,802 )     (125 )     -       (5,371 )
                                                 

September 30, 2016 Ending Balance

  $ 53,699     $ 9,245     $ 44,933     $ 10,057     $ 8     $ 117,942  

Reserve for impaired loans

  $ 1,320     $ -     $ 1,248     $ 375     $ -     $ 2,943  

Reserve for non-impaired loans

  $ 52,379     $ 9,245     $ 43,685     $ 9,682     $ 8     $ 114,999  

Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments

  $ 2,112     $ -     $ 35     $ 80     $ 2     $ 2,229  

 

 

9. Commitments and Contingencies

 

The Company is involved in various litigation concerning transactions entered into in the normal course of business. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not believe that the resolution of such litigation will have a material effect upon its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity taken as a whole. Although the Company establishes accruals for legal proceedings when information related to the loss contingencies represented by those matters indicates both that a loss is probable and that the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company does not have accruals for all legal proceedings where there is a risk of loss. In addition, amounts accrued may not represent the ultimate loss to the Company from the legal proceedings in question. Thus, ultimate losses may be higher or lower, and possibly significantly so, than the amounts accrued for legal loss contingencies.

 

In the normal course of business, the Company becomes a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans, or through commercial or standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. These instruments represent varying degrees of exposure to risk in excess of the amounts included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contractual or notional amount of these instruments indicates a level of activity associated with a particular class of financial instrument and is not a reflection of the level of expected losses, if any.

 

10. Borrowed Funds

 

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $100 million with a weighted average rate of 2.86% as of September 30, 2017, compared to $350 million with a weighted average rate of 4.06% as of December 31, 2016. Final maturity for the two fixed rate non-callable securities sold under agreements to repurchase was $50.0 million in June 2018 and $50.0 million in July 2018.

 

These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The Company may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of U.S. Treasury securities and mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $108 million as of September 30, 2017, and $372 million as of December 31, 2016.

 

Borrowing from the FHLB. As of September 30, 2017, over-night borrowings from the FHLB were $450 million at a rate of 1.16% compared to $275 million at a rate of 0.55% as of December 31, 2016. As of September 30, 2017, the advances from the FHLB were $145 million at a rate of 1.35%. As of September 30, 2017, FHLB advances of $490 million will mature in October 2017, $55 million in 2018 and $50 million in December 2019.

 

 

11. Income Taxes

 

The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2017 was 41.4% compared to 25.5% for the third quarter of 2016. The third quarter 2017 effective tax rate of 41.4% reflected additional tax expense to increase the full year effective tax rate to 34% compared to the 29% effective tax rate forecasted at June 30, 2017. This adjustment in the third quarter was the result of lower tax credits from the slow deployment of alternative energy investments. Income tax expense for the first quarter of 2017 was also reduced by $2.6 million in benefits from the distribution of restricted stock units and exercises of stock options.

 

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had income tax refunds receivable of $19.4 million and $14.6 million, respectively. These income tax receivables are included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Company’s tax returns are open for audit by the Internal Revenue Service back to 2014 and by the California Franchise Tax Board back to 2012. As the Company is presently under audit by a number of tax authorities, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits could change significantly over the next twelve months. The Company does not expect that any such changes would have a material impact on its annual effective tax rate.

 

12. Fair Value Measurements

 

The Company adopted ASC Topic 820 on January 1, 2008, and determined the fair values of our financial instruments based on the following:

 

 

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2 - Observable prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; directly observable market inputs for substantially the full term of the asset and liability; market inputs that are not directly observable but are derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s own judgment about the assumptions that a market participant would use.

 

The Company uses the following methodologies to measure the fair value of its financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis:

 

Securities Available for Sale. For certain actively traded agency preferred stock, mutual funds, U.S. Treasury securities, and other equity securities, the Company measures the fair value based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a Level 1 measurement. The Company also measures securities by using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement. This category generally includes U.S. Government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), commercial MBS, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities, corporate bonds and trust preferred securities.

 

Warrants. The Company measures the fair value of warrants based on unobservable inputs based on assumptions and management judgment, a Level 3 measurement.

 

Foreign Exchange Contracts. The Company measures the fair value of foreign exchange contracts based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.

 

 

Interest Rate Swaps. Fair value of interest rate swaps is derived from third party models with observable market data, a Level 2 measurement.

 

The valuation techniques for the assets and liabilities valued on a nonrecurring basis are as follows:

 

Impaired Loans. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent impaired loans are recorded based on either the current appraised value of the collateral, a Level 2 measurement, or management’s judgment and estimation of value reported on older appraisals that are then adjusted based on recent market trends, a Level 3 measurement.

 

Goodwill. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in ASC Topic 350. The two-step impairment testing process, if needed, begins by assigning net assets and goodwill to the two reporting unitsCommercial Lending and Retail Banking.  The Company then completes “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion below) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount.  If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary.  If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment.  Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill.  The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming that all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill.  This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two.  An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. In connection with the determination of fair value, certain data and information is utilized, including earnings forecasts at the reporting unit level for the next four years.  Other key assumptions include terminal values based on future growth rates and discount rates for valuing the cash flows, which have inputs for the risk-free rate, market risk premium, and adjustments to reflect inherent risk and required market returns. Because of the significance of unobservable inputs in the valuation of goodwill impairment, goodwill subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments is classified as a Level 3 measurement.

 

Core Deposit Intangibles. Core deposit intangibles is initially recorded at fair value based on a valuation of the core deposits acquired and is amortized over its estimated useful life, which range from 4 to 10 years, to its residual value in proportion to the economic benefits consumed. The Company assesses the recoverability of this intangible asset on a nonrecurring basis using the core deposits remaining at the assessment date and the fair value of cash flows expected to be generated from the core deposits, a Level 3 measurement.

 

Other Real Estate Owned. Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is initially recorded at fair value based on the appraised value of the property on the date of transfer, less estimated costs to sell, a Level 2 measurement. From time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments are made to other real estate owned based on the current updated appraised value of the property, also a Level 2 measurement, or management’s judgment and estimation of value reported on older appraisals that are then adjusted based on recent market trends, a Level 3 measurement.

 

 

Investments in Venture Capital. The Company periodically reviews its investments in venture capital for other-than-temporary impairment on a nonrecurring basis. Investments in venture capital were written down to their fair value based on available financial reports from venture capital partnerships and management’s judgment and estimation, a Level 3 measurement.

 

Equity Investments. The Company records equity investments at fair value on a nonrecurring basis based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a Level 1 measurement.

 

The following tables present the Company’s hierarchy for its assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016:

 

September 30, 2017

 

Fair Value Measurements Using

   

Total at

 
   

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 
Assets                                
                                 

Securities available-for-sale

                               

U.S. Treasury securities

  $ 399,436     $ -     $ -     $ 399,436  

U.S. government agencies

    -       9,700       -       9,700  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    -       393,722       -       393,722  

State and municipal securities

    -       1,931       -       1,931  

Mortgage-backed securities

    -       446,065       -       446,065  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    -       1,710       -       1,710  

Corporate debt securities

    -       80,906       -       80,906  

Mutual funds

    6,271       -       -       6,271  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

    8,087       -       -       8,087  

Other equity securities

    20,659       -       -       20,659  

Total securities available-for-sale

    434,453       934,034       -       1,368,487  

Warrants

    -       -       97       97  

Foreign exchange contracts

    -       1,725       -       1,725  

Interest rate swaps

    -       2,314       -       2,314  

Total assets

  $ 434,453     $ 938,073     $ 97     $ 1,372,623  
                                 

Liabilities

                               
                                 

Option contracts

  $ -     $ 234     $ -     $ 234  

Foreign exchange contracts

    -       1,083       -       1,083  

Interest rate swaps

    -       5,049       -       5,049  

Total liabilities

  $ -     $ 6,366     $ -     $ 6,366  

 

 

December 31, 2016

 

Fair Value Measurements Using

   

Total at

 
   

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 
Assets                                
                                 

Securities available-for-sale

                               

U.S. Treasury securities

  $ 489,017     $ -     $ -     $ 489,017  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    -       390,331       -       390,331  

Mortgage-backed securities

    -       336,260       -       336,260  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    -       28       -       28  

Corporate debt securities

    -       74,350       -       74,350  

Mutual funds

    6,230       -       -       6,230  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

    7,308       -       -       7,308  

Other equity securities

    10,821       -       -       10,821  

Total securities available-for-sale

    513,376       800,969       -       1,314,345  

Warrants

    -       -       79       79  

Interest rate swaps

    -       938       -       938  

Foreign exchange contracts

    -       1,302       -       1,302  

Total assets

  $ 513,376     $ 803,209     $ 79     $ 1,316,664  
                                 

Liabilities

                               
                                 

Option contracts

  $ -     $ 121     $ -     $ 121  

Interest rate swaps

    -       3,744       -       3,744  

Foreign exchange contracts

    -       3,132       -       3,132  

Total liabilities

  $ -     $ 6,997     $ -     $ 6,997  

 

 

The Company measured the fair value of its warrants on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs. The fair value of warrants was $97,000 as of September 30, 2017, compared to $79,000 as of December 31, 2016. The fair value adjustment of warrants was included in other operating income in the third quarter of 2017. The significant unobservable inputs in the Black-Scholes option pricing model for the fair value of warrants are their expected life ranging from 1 to 6 years, risk-free interest rate from 1.51% to 2.28%, and stock volatility from 5.05% to 12.6%.

 

For financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were still reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2017, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment, the carrying value of the related individual assets as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, and the total losses for the periods indicated:

 

   

September 30, 2017

           

Total (Gains)/Losses

 
   

Fair Value Measurements Using

   

Total at

   

Three Months Ended

   

Nine Months Ended

 
   

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

   

Fair Value

   

September 30, 2017

   

September 30, 2016

   

September 30, 2017

   

September 30, 2016

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Assets

                                                               

Impaired loans by type:

                                                               

Commercial loans

  $ -     $ -     $ 12,525     $ 12,525     $ -     $ -     $ 25     $ -  

Commercial mortgage loans

    -       -       21,997       21,997       -       -       -       -  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    -       -       10,790       10,790       -       -       -       -  

Total impaired loans

    -       -       45,312       45,312       -       -       25       -  

Other real estate owned (1)

    -       6,317       4,322       10,639       405       (206 )     654       9  

Investments in venture capital and private company stock

    -       -       3,023       3,023       12       187       365       419  

Total assets

  $ -     $ 6,317     $ 52,657     $ 58,974     $ 417     $ (19 )   $ 1,044     $ 428  

 

(1) Other real estate owned balance of $18.1 million in the condensed consolidated balance sheet is net of estimated disposal costs. 

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

   

Total Losses

 
   

Fair Value Measurements Using

   

Total at

   

Twelve Months Ended

 
   

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

   

Fair Value

   

December 31, 2016

   

December 31, 2015

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Assets

                                               
                                                 

Impaired loans by type:

                                               

Commercial loans

  $ -     $ -     $ 2,813     $ 2,813     $ 322     $ 806  

Commercial mortgage loans

    -       -       9,444       9,444       -       598  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    -       -       11,679       11,679       -       146  

Total impaired loans

    -       -       23,936       23,936       322       1,550  

Other real estate owned (1)

    -       6,006       4,372       10,378       9       404  

Investments in venture capital and private company stock

    -       -       3,667       3,667       976       553  

Total assets

  $ -     $ 6,006     $ 31,975     $ 37,981     $ 1,307     $ 2,507  

 

(1) Other real estate owned balance of $20.1 million in the condensed consolidated balance sheet is net of estimated disposal costs. 

 

The significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs used in the fair value measurement of collateral for collateral-dependent impaired loans was primarily based on the appraised value of collateral adjusted by estimated sales cost and commissions. The Company generally obtains new appraisal reports every nine months. As the Company’s primary objective in the event of default would be to monetize the collateral to settle the outstanding balance of the loan, less marketable collateral would receive a larger discount. During the reported periods, collateral discounts ranged from 55% in the case of accounts receivable collateral to 65% in the case of inventory collateral.

 

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of loans held for sale was primarily based on the quoted price or sale price adjusted by estimated sales cost and commissions.

 

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of other real estate owned (“OREO”) was primarily based on the appraised value of OREO adjusted by estimated sales cost and commissions. The Company applies estimated sales cost and commissions ranging from 3% to 6% of the collateral value of impaired loans, quoted price, or loan sale price of loans held for sale, and appraised value of OREO.

 

13. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company uses the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents. For cash and cash equivalents, the carrying amount was assumed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value, a Level 1 measurement.

 

Short-term Investments. For short-term investments, the carrying amount was assumed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value, a Level 1 measurement.

 

Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell. The fair value of securities purchased under agreements to resell is based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.

 

Securities. For securities, including securities held-to-maturity, available-for-sale, and for trading, fair values were based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. If a quoted market price was not available, fair value was estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes. For certain actively traded agency preferred stock, U.S. Treasury securities, and other equity securities, the Company measures the fair value based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a Level 1 measurement. The Company also measures securities by using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement. This category generally includes U.S. Government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), commercial MBS, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities, and corporate bonds.

 

 

Loans Held for Sale. The Company records loans held for sale at fair value based on quoted prices from third party sources, or appraisal reports adjusted by sales commission assumptions.

 

Loans. Fair values were estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Each loan category was further segmented into fixed and adjustable rate interest terms and by performing and non-performing categories.

 

The fair value of performing loans was calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan, a Level 3 measurement.

 

The fair value of impaired loans was calculated based on the net realizable fair value of the collateral or the observable market price of the most recent sale or quoted price from loans held for sale. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. Nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent impaired loans are recorded based on the current appraised value or adjusted appraised value of the collateral, a Level 2 or Level 3 measurement.

 

Deposit Liabilities. The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and certain money market deposits was assumed to be the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit was estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities, a Level 3 measurement.

 

Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase. The fair value of securities sold under agreements to repurchase is based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.

 

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”). The fair value of the advances is based on quotes from the FHLB to settle the advances, a Level 2 measurement.

 

Other Borrowings. This category includes borrowings from other financial institutions.  The fair value of other borrowings is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk, a Level 3 measurement. 

 

Long-term Debt. The fair value of long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.

 

Currency Option and Foreign Exchange Contracts. The Company measures the fair value of currency option and foreign exchange contracts based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.

 

Interest Rate Swaps. Fair value of interest rate swaps is derived from third party models with observable market data, a Level 2 measurement.

 

 

Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments. The fair value of commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written were estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties. The fair value of guarantees and letters of credit was based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counterparties at the reporting date. The fair value of off-balance-sheet financial instruments was based on the assumptions that a market participant would use, a Level 3 measurement.

 

Fair value was estimated in accordance with ASC Topic 825. Fair value estimates were made at specific points in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Bank’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Bank’s financial instruments, fair value estimates were based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates were subjective in nature and involved uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

 

 

The following table presents the carrying and notional amounts and estimated fair value of financial instruments as of September 30, 2017, and as of December 31, 2016:

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Carrying

           

Carrying

         
   

Amount

   

Fair Value

   

Amount

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Financial Assets

                               

Cash and due from banks

  $ 167,886     $ 167,886     $ 218,017     $ 218,017  

Short-term investments

    573,059       573,059       967,067       967,067  

Securities available-for-sale

    1,368,487       1,368,487       1,314,345       1,314,345  

Loans held for sale

    -       -       7,500       7,500  

Loans, net

    12,472,475       12,403,100       11,077,315       11,006,344  

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    21,948       21,948       17,250       17,250  

Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock

    8,733       8,733       -       -  

Warrants

    97       97       79       79  

 

   

Notional

           

Notional

         
   

Amount

   

Fair Value

   

Amount

   

Fair Value

 

Foreign exchange contracts

  $ 69,278     $ 1,725     $ 82,439     $ 1,302  

Interest rate swaps

    155,671       2,314       361,526       938  

 

   

Carrying

           

Carrying

         
   

Amount

   

Fair Value

   

Amount

   

Fair Value

 

Financial Liabilities

                               

Deposits

  $ 12,561,695     $ 12,573,127     $ 11,674,726     $ 11,680,017  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    100,000       100,549       350,000       351,989  

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

    595,000       595,037       350,000       350,062  

Other borrowings

    153,574       151,643       17,662       15,944  

Long-term debt

    119,136       68,056       119,136       63,169  

 

   

Notional

           

Notional

         
   

Amount

   

Fair Value

   

Amount

   

Fair Value

 

Option contracts

  $ 12,307     $ 234     $ 12,117     $ 121  

Foreign exchange contracts

    86,625       1,083       89,545       3,132  

Interest rate swaps

    510,841       5,049       119,136       3,744  

 

   

Notional

           

Notional

         
   

Amount

   

Fair Value

   

Amount

   

Fair Value

 

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments

                               

Commitments to extend credit

  $ 2,287,498     $ (6,924 )   $ 2,062,241     $ (6,025 )

Standby letters of credit

    140,682       (1,699 )     75,396       (668 )

Other letters of credit

    41,868       (218 )     37,283       (16 )

Bill of lading guarantees

    24       -       75       -  

 

 

The following tables present the level in the fair value hierarchy for the estimated fair values of financial instruments as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016.

 

   

September 30, 2017

 
   

Estimated

                         
   

Fair Value

                         
   

Measurements

   

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Financial Assets

                               

Cash and due from banks

  $ 167,886     $ 167,886     $ -     $ -  

Short-term investments

    573,059       573,059       -       -  

Securities available-for-sale

    1,368,487       434,453       934,034       -  

Loans held-for-sale

    -       -       -       -  

Loans, net

    12,403,100       -       -       12,403,100  

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    21,948       -       21,948       -  

Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock

    8,733       -       8,733       -  

Warrants

    97       -       -       97  

Financial Liabilities

                               

Deposits

    12,573,127       -       -       12,573,127  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    100,549       -       100,549       -  

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

    595,037       -       595,037       -  

Other borrowings

    151,643       -       -       151,643  

Long-term debt

    68,056       -       68,056       -  

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Estimated

                         
   

Fair Value

                         
   

Measurements

   

Level 1

   

Level 2

   

Level 3

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Financial Assets

                               

Cash and due from banks

  $ 218,017     $ 218,017     $ -     $ -  

Short-term investments

    967,067       967,067       -       -  

Securities available-for-sale

    1,314,345       513,376       800,969       -  

Loans held-for-sale

    7,500       -       -       7,500  

Loans, net

    11,006,344       -       -       11,006,344  

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    17,250       -       17,250       -  

Warrants

    79       -       -       79  

Financial Liabilities

                               

Deposits

    11,680,017       -       -       11,680,017  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    351,989       -       351,989       -  

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

    350,062       -       350,062       -  

Other borrowings

    15,944       -       -       15,944  

Long-term debt

    63,169       -       63,169       -  

 

 

14. Goodwill and Goodwill Impairment

 

The Company’s policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis or between annual assessments if a triggering event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.  Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.  

 

 

The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in ASC Topic 350. The two-step impairment testing process, if needed, begins by assigning net assets and goodwill to our two reporting unitsCommercial Lending and Retail Banking.  The Company then completes “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion below) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount.  If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary.  If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment.  Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill.  The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming that all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill.  This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two.  An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.

 

As of September 30, 2017, the Company’s market capitalization was above book value and there was no triggering event that required the Company to assess goodwill for impairment as of an interim date.

 

15. Financial Derivatives

 

It is the policy of the Company not to speculate on the future direction of interest rates. However, the Company enters into financial derivatives in order to seek mitigation of exposure to interest rate risks related to our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. We believe that these transactions, when properly structured and managed, may provide a hedge against inherent interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities and against risk in specific transactions. In such instances, the Company may enter into interest rate swap contracts or other types of financial derivatives. Prior to considering any hedging activities, we seek to analyze the costs and benefits of the hedge in comparison to other viable alternative strategies. All hedges must be approved by the Bank’s Investment Committee.

 

The Company follows ASC Topic 815 that establishes accounting and reporting standards for financial derivatives, including certain financial derivatives embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. It requires the recognition of all financial derivatives as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those financial derivatives at fair value. The accounting treatment of changes in fair value is dependent upon whether or not a financial derivative is designated as a hedge and, if so, the type of hedge. Fair value is determined using third-party models with observable market data. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income and are reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction is reflected in earnings. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are reflected in current earnings, together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item if there is a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps and changes in the fair value of the underlying asset or liability that is intended to be hedged. If there is not a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the underlying asset or liability that is intended to be hedged, then only the changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2014, Bancorp entered into interest rate swap contracts in the notional amount of $119.1 million for a period of ten years. The objective of these interest rate swap contracts, which were designated as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges, was to hedge on Bancorp’s $119.1 million of Junior Subordinated Debentures that had been issued to five trusts, with the quarterly interest payments throughout the ten-year period beginning in June 2014 and ending in June 2024, from the risk of variability of these payments resulting from changes in the three-month LIBOR interest rate. Bancorp pays a weighted average fixed interest rate of 2.61% and receives a variable interest rate of the three-month LIBOR at a weighted average rate of 1.32%. As of September 30, 2017, the notional amount of cash flow interest rate swaps was $119.1 million and their unrealized loss of $2.3 million, net of taxes, was included in other comprehensive income. The amount of periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps included in interest expense was $407,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $588,000 for the same quarter a year ago. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps included in interest expense was $1.3 million compared to $1.8 million for the same period in 2016.

 

 

As of September 30, 2017, the Bank has entered into interest rate swap contracts with various terms from four to eight years. These interest rate swap contracts are matched to individual fixed-rate commercial real estate loans in the Bank’s loan portfolio. These contracts have been designated as hedging instruments to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of the underlying commercial real estate loan due to changes in interest rates. The swap contracts are structured so that the notional amounts reduce over time to match the contractual amortization of the underlying loan and allow prepayments with the same pre-payment penalty amounts as the related loan. The Bank pays a weighted average fixed rate of 4.55% and receives a variable rate at the one month LIBOR rate plus a weighted average spread of 293 basis points, or at a weighted average rate of 4.16%. As of September 30, 2017, the notional amount of fair value interest rate swaps was $510.6 million and their unrealized gain of $1.9 million was included in other non-interest income. The amount of periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps reducing interest income was $514,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $879,000 for the same quarter a year ago. The amount of periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps reducing interest income was $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $2.8 million for the same period a year ago. As of September 30, 2017, the ineffective portion of these interest rate swaps was not significant.

 

Interest rate swap contracts involve the risk of dealing with institutional derivative counterparties and their ability to meet contractual terms. Institutional counterparties must have a strong credit profile and be approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s credit exposure on interest rate swaps is limited to the net favorable value and interest payments of all swaps by each counterparty. Credit exposure may be reduced by the amount of collateral pledged by the counterparty. Bancorp’s interest rate swaps have been assigned by the counterparties to a derivatives clearing organization and daily margin is indirectly maintained with the derivatives clearing organization. Cash posted as collateral by Bancorp related to derivative contracts totaled $6.3 million as of September 30, 2017.

 

The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts with various counterparties to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates for foreign exchange certificates of deposit or foreign exchange contracts entered into with our clients. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts as well as the related foreign exchange certificates of deposit and foreign exchange contracts are recognized immediately in net income as a component of non-interest income. Period end gross positive fair values are recorded in other assets and gross negative fair values are recorded in other liabilities. As of September 30, 2017, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $12.3 million with a net negative fair value of $234,000. As of September 30, 2017, spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $69.3 million had a positive fair value of $1.7 million. Spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $86.6 million had a negative fair value of $1.1 million as of September 30, 2017. As of December 31, 2016, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $12.1 million with a net negative fair value of $121,000. As of December 31, 2016, spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $82.4 million had a positive fair value of $1.3 million. Spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $89.5 million had a negative fair value of $3.1 million as of December 31, 2016.

 

 

16. Balance Sheet Offsetting

 

Certain financial instruments, including resell and repurchase agreements, securities lending arrangements and derivatives, may be eligible for offset in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and/or subject to master netting arrangements or similar agreements. The Company’s securities sold with agreements to repurchase and derivative transactions with upstream financial institution counterparties are generally executed under International Swaps and Derivative Association master agreements that include “right of set-off” provisions. In such cases, there is generally a legally enforceable right to offset recognized amounts and there may be an intention to settle such amounts on a net basis. Nonetheless, the Company does not generally offset such financial instruments for financial reporting purposes.

 

Financial instruments that are eligible for offset in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, are presented in the following table:

 

                           

Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet

 
   

Gross Amounts Recognized

   

Gross Amounts

Offset in the

Balance Sheet

   

Net Amounts

Presented in

the Balance

Sheet

   

Financial

Instruments

   

Collateral

Posted

   

Net Amount

 

September 30, 2017

 

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

Assets:

                                               

Derivatives

  $ 2,314     $ -     $ 2,314     $ -     $ -     $ 2,314  

Liabilities:

                                               

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

  $ 100,000     $ -     $ 100,000     $ -     $ (100,000 )   $ -  

Derivatives

  $ 5,049     $ -     $ 5,049     $ -     $ (5,049 )   $ -  
                                                 

December 31, 2016

                                               
                                                 

Assets:

                                               

Derivatives

  $ 938     $ -     $ 938     $ -     $ -     $ 938  
                                                 

Liabilities:

                                               

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

  $ 350,000     $ -     $ 350,000     $ -     $ (350,000 )   $ -  

Derivatives

  $ 3,744     $ -     $ 3,744     $ -     $ (3,744 )   $ -  

 

 

17. Stockholders’ Equity

 

Total equity was $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2017, an increase of $140.2 million, from $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2016, primarily due to net income of $150.1 million and equity consideration for the acquisition of SinoPac Bancorp of $34.9 million partially offset by common stock cash dividends of $50.5 million and shares withheld related to net share settlement of RSUs of $5.1 million.

 

The U.S. Treasury received warrants to purchase common stock of 1,846,374 shares at an exercise price of $20.96 as part of the Company’s participation in the U.S. Treasury Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program. As a result of the anti-dilution adjustments under the warrant, the exercise price at December 31, 2016 has been adjusted to $20.65 and the number of warrants increased by 1.5%. At September 30, 2017, 932,461 warrants remain exercisable compared to 943,345 warrants at December 31, 2016.

 

Activity in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, and reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2017, and September 30, 2016, was as follows:

 

   

Three months ended September 30, 2017

   

Three months ended September 30, 2016

 
   

Pre-tax

   

Tax expense/ (benefit)

   

Net-of-tax

   

Pre-tax

   

Tax expense/ (benefit)

   

Net-of-tax

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Beginning balance, loss, net of tax

                                               

Securities available-for-sale

                  $ 1,001                     $ 8,539  

Cash flow hedge derivatives

                    (2,421 )                     (7,397 )

Total

                  $ (1,420 )                   $ 1,142  

Net unrealized (losses)/gains arising during the period

                                               

Securities available-for-sale

  $ 1,829     $ 769     $ 1,060     $ 1,618     $ 680     $ 938  

Cash flow hedge derivatives

    271       114       157       1,387       583       804  

Total

    2,100       883       1,217       3,005       1,263     $ 1,742  

Reclassification adjustment for net losses in net income

                                               

Securities available-for-sale

    (24 )     (10 )     (14 )     (1,692 )     (711 )     (981 )

Cash flow hedge derivatives

    -       -       -       -       -       -  

Total

    (24 )     (10 )     (14 )     (1,692 )     (711 )     (981 )

Total other comprehensive (loss)/income

                                               

Securities available-for-sale

    1,805       759       1,046       (74 )     (31 )     (43 )

Cash flow hedge derivatives

    271       114       157       1,387       583       804  

Total

  $ 2,076     $ 873     $ 1,203     $ 1,313     $ 552     $ 761  

Ending balance, (loss)/gain, net of tax

                                               

Securities available-for-sale

                  $ 2,047                     $ 8,496  

Cash flow hedge derivatives

                    (2,264 )                     (6,593 )

Total

                  $ (217 )                   $ 1,903  

 

 

   

Nine months ended September 30, 2017

   

Nine months ended September 30, 2016

 
   

Pre-tax

   

Tax expense/ (benefit)

   

Net-of-tax

   

Pre-tax

   

Tax expense/ (benefit)

   

Net-of-tax

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Beginning balance, loss, net of tax

                                               

Securities available-for sale

                  $ (1,545 )                   $ (5,431 )

Cash flow hedge derivatives

                    (2,170 )                     (2,995 )

Total

                  $ (3,715 )                   $ (8,426 )

Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period

                                               

Securities available-for sale

  $ 5,759     $ 2,421     $ 3,338     $ 27,170     $ 11,422     $ 15,748  

Cash flow hedge derivatives

    (162 )     (68 )     (94 )     (6,208 )     (2,610 )     (3,598 )

Total

    5,597       2,353       3,244       20,962       8,812     $ 12,150  

Reclassification adjustment for net (gains)/losses in net income

                                               

Securities available-for sale

    439       185       254       (3,141 )     (1,320 )     (1,821 )

Cash flow hedge derivatives

    -       -       -       -       -       -  

Total

    439       185       254       (3,141 )     (1,320 )     (1,821 )

Total other comprehensive income/(loss)

                                               

Securities available-for sale

    6,198       2,606       3,592       24,029       10,102       13,927  

Cash flow hedge derivatives

    (162 )     (68 )     (94 )     (6,208 )     (2,610 )     (3,598 )

Total

  $ 6,036     $ 2,538     $ 3,498     $ 17,821     $ 7,492     $ 10,329  

Ending balance, gain/(loss), net of tax

                                               

Securities available-for sale

                  $ 2,047                     $ 8,496  

Cash flow hedge derivatives

                    (2,264 )                     (6,593 )

Total

                  $ (217 )                   $ 1,903  

 

 

18. Stock Repurchase Program

 

On February 1, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to $45.0 million of our common stock. In 2016, the Company repurchased 1,380,578 shares for $37.5 million, or $27.13 per share under the February 2016 repurchase program. The Company did not repurchase any shares under the February 2016 repurchase program for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company may repurchase up to $7.5 million of its common stock under the February 2016 repurchase program.

 

19. Subsequent Events

 

The Company has evaluated the effect of the following events that have occurred subsequent to the quarter ended September 30, 2017 through the date of issuance of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

The Bank received final regulatory approval and the merger of Far East National Bank into Cathay Bank was completed on October 27, 2017.  Each of the nine former FENB branches in California and its representative office in Beijing became a branch and representative office of Cathay Bank as a result of the merger.  As of the filing date of this report, Cathay Bank operates 43 branches in California, 12 branches in New York State, three in the Chicago, Illinois area, three in Washington State, two in Texas, one in Maryland, one in Massachusetts, one in Nevada, one in New Jersey, one in Hong Kong, and a representative office in Taipei, Shanghai, and Beijing.

 

 

Item 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

 

The following discussion is based on the assumption that the reader has access to and has read the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations are based upon its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues, and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

Management of the Company considers the following to be critical accounting policies:

 

Accounting for the allowance for loan losses involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the carrying value of net loans. The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances as described in “Allowance for Credit Losses” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

Accounting for investment securities involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the carrying value of securities and the recognition of any “other-than-temporary” impairment to our investment securities. The judgments and assumptions used by management are described in “Investment Securities” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

Accounting for income taxes involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the amount of taxes currently payable and the income tax expense recorded in the financial statements. The judgments and assumptions used by management are described in “Income Taxes” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

Accounting for goodwill and goodwill impairment involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the amount of goodwill and noninterest expense recorded in the financial statements. The judgments and assumptions used by management are described in “Goodwill and Goodwill Impairment” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

 

Highlights

 

 

Completed the acquisition of SinoPac Bancorp, the holding company for Far East National Bank, (“FENB”) on July 14, 2017.

 

Total loans during the third quarter increased by $1.0 billion to $12.6 billion.

 

Net interest margin increased to 3.75% in the third quarter compared to 3.63% in the second quarter of 2017.

 

Quarterly Statement of Operations Review

 

Net Income

 

Net income for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, was $49.7 million, an increase of $3.6 million, or 7.8%, compared to net income of $46.1 million for the same quarter a year ago. Diluted earnings per share for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, was $0.61 compared to $0.58 for the same quarter a year ago.

 

Return on average stockholders’ equity was 9.77% and return on average assets was 1.29% for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, compared to a return on average stockholders’ equity of 10.30% and a return on average assets of 1.38% for the same quarter a year ago.

 

Financial Performance

 

   

Three months ended

 
   

September 30, 2017

   

September 30, 2016

 

Net income

  $ 49.7 million     $ 46.1 million  

Basic earnings per common share

  $ 0.62     $ 0.58  

Diluted earnings per common share

  $ 0.61     $ 0.58  

Return on average assets

    1.29 %     1.38 %

Return on average total stockholders' equity

    9.77 %     10.30 %

Efficiency ratio

    41.91 %     45.05 %

 

 

Net Interest Income Before Provision for Credit Losses

 

Net interest income before provision for credit losses increased $29.4 million, or 28.3%, to $133.2 million during the third quarter of 2017 compared to $103.8 million during the same quarter a year ago. The increase was due primarily to an increase in interest income from loans and a decrease in interest expense from securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

 

The net interest margin was 3.75% for the third quarter of 2017 compared to 3.36% for the third quarter of 2016 and 3.63% for the second quarter of 2017. The increase from the second quarter of 2017 was primarily the result of interest recoveries and prepayment penalties of $5.6 million.

 

For the third quarter of 2017, the yield on average interest-earning assets was 4.34%, the cost of funds on average interest-bearing liabilities was 0.81%, and the cost of interest-bearing deposits was 0.68%. In comparison, for the third quarter of 2016, the yield on average interest-earning assets was 4.02%, the cost of funds on average interest-bearing liabilities was 0.89%, and the cost of average interest-bearing deposits was 0.70%. The increase in the yield on average interest earning assets was a result of higher interest rates, interest income collected from nonaccrual loans and loan prepayment penalties. The net interest spread, defined as the difference between the yield on average interest-earning assets and the cost of funds on average interest-bearing liabilities, was 3.53% for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, compared to 3.13% for the same quarter a year ago.

 

 

The following table sets forth information concerning average interest-earning assets, average interest-bearing liabilities, and the average yields and rates paid on those assets and liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2017, and 2016. Average outstanding amounts included in the table are daily averages.

 

Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities

 
   

Three months ended September 30,

 
   

2017

   

2016

 
           

Interest

   

Average

           

Interest

   

Average

 
   

Average

   

Income/

   

Yield/

   

Average

   

Income/

   

Yield/

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Balance

   

Expense

   

Rate (1)(2)

   

Balance

   

Expense

   

Rate (1)(2)

 

Interest earning assets:

                                               

Total loans and leases (1)

  $ 12,317,721     $ 146,383       4.71 %     10,670,253       118,500       4.42  

Investment securities

    1,396,859       5,692       1.62       1,303,598       4,850       1.48  

Federal Home Loan Bank and FRB stock

    32,369       607       7.44       17,268       393       9.05  

Interest bearing deposits

    292,595       1,288       1.75       294,292       412       0.56  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

    35,707       108       1.20                       -  

Total interest-earning assets

    14,075,251       154,078       4.34       12,285,411       124,155       4.02  

Non-interest earning assets:

                                               

Cash and due from banks

    294,466                       223,925                  

Other non-earning assets

    1,094,648                       884,006                  

Total non-interest earning assets

    1,389,114                       1,107,931                  

Less:   Allowance for loan losses

    (105,390 )                     (123,609 )                

Deferred loan fees

    (4,852 )                     (6,348 )                

Total assets

  $ 15,354,123                     $ 13,263,385                  
                                                 

Interest bearing liabilities:

                                               

Interest bearing demand accounts

  $ 1,349,508     $ 588       0.17     $ 1,060,065     $ 441       0.17  

Money market accounts

    2,496,548       3,944       0.63       2,117,831       3,511       0.66  

Savings accounts

    942,452       569       0.24       627,912       260       0.16  

Time deposits

    4,939,189       11,678       0.94       4,651,593       10,701       0.92  

Total interest-bearing deposits

    9,727,697       16,779       0.68       8,457,401       14,913       0.70  
                                                 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    109,239       874       3.17       378,261       3,828       4.03  

Other borrowings

    324,581       1,773       2.17       107,203       134       0.50  

Long-term debt

    119,136       1,456       4.85       119,136       1,456       4.86  

Total interest-bearing liabilities

    10,280,653       20,882       0.81       9,062,001       20,331       0.89  

Non-interest bearing liabilities:

                                               

Demand deposits

    2,714,244                       2,254,123                  

Other liabilities

    339,001                       167,409                  

Total equity

    2,020,224                       1,779,852                  

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 15,354,122                     $ 13,263,385                  

Net interest spread

                    3.53 %                     3.13 %

Net interest income

          $ 133,196                     $ 103,824          

Net interest margin

                    3.75 %                     3.36 %

 

(1) Yields and amounts of interest earned include loan fees. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balance.

 

(2) Calculated by dividing net interest income by average outstanding interest-earning assets.

 

 

The following table summarizes the changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in volume and changes in interest rates:

 

Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income — Changes Due to Volume and Rate(1)
   

Three months ended September 30,

 
   

2017-2016

 
   

Increase (Decrease) in

 
   

Net Interest Income Due to:

 

(In thousands)

 

Changes in

Volume

   

Changes in

Rate

   

Total

Change

 
                         

Interest-earning assets:

                       

Loans and leases

  $ 19,431     $ 8,452     $ 27,883  

Investment securities

    368       474       842  

Federal Home Loan Bank and FRB stock

    294       (80 )     214  

Deposits with other banks

    (2 )     878       876  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

    108       -       108  

Total changes in interest income

    20,199       9,724       29,923  
                         

Interest-bearing liabilities:

                       

Interest bearing demand accounts

    126       21       147  

Money market accounts

    610       (177 )     433  

Savings accounts

    162       147       309  

Time deposits

    696       281       977  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    (2,277 )     (677 )     (2,954 )

Other borrowed funds

    617       1,022       1,639  

Long-term debt

    -       -       -  

Total changes in interest expense

    (66 )     617       551  

Changes in net interest income

  $ 20,265     $ 9,107     $ 29,372  

 

  (1)

Changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to changes due to volume and changes due to rate.

 

 

Provision/(Reversal) for Credit Losses

 

The provision for credit losses was zero for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016. The provision/(reversal) for credit losses was based on a review of the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2017. The following table summarizes the charge-offs and recoveries for the periods indicated:

 

   

Three months ended

   

Nine months ended September 30,

 
   

September 30, 2017

   

September 30, 2016

   

2017

   

2016

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Charge-offs:

                               

Commercial loans

  $ 80     $ 3,278     $ 1,810     $ 12,035  

Real estate loans (1)

    305       4,626       860       5,830  

Total charge-offs

    385       7,904       2,670       17,865  

Recoveries:

                               

Commercial loans

    575       2,006       1,401       3,720  

Construction loans

    47       548       143       7,871  

Real estate loans (1)

    5,489       343       6,195       903  

Total recoveries

    6,111       2,897       7,739       12,494  

Net (recoveries)/charge-offs

  $ (5,726 )   $ 5,007     $ (5,069 )   $ 5,371  

 

  (1)

Real estate loans include commercial mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans, and equity lines.

 

 

 

Non-Interest Income

 

Non-interest income, which includes revenues from depository service fees, letters of credit commissions, securities gains (losses), wire transfer fees, and other sources of fee income, was $13.0 million for the third quarter of 2017, an increase of $4.2 million, or 47.1%, compared to $8.8 million for the third quarter of 2016. The increase was primarily due to the gain of $5.4 million on the acquisition of SinoPac Bancorp and was offset by a decrease in securities gains of $1.7 million from the quarter a year ago.

 

Non-Interest Expense

 

Non-interest expense increased $10.5 million, or 20.7%, to $61.2 million in the third quarter of 2017 compared to $50.7 million in the same quarter a year ago. The increase in non-interest expense in the third quarter of 2017 was primarily due to a $5.0 million increase in salary and employee benefit expenses and a $3.3 million increase in acquisition related expense when compared to the same quarter a year ago. Acquisition related expenses during the third quarter totaled approximately, $3.3 million, including $2.8 million in legal and investment banking fees and $0.5 million in severance and retention expenses. The efficiency ratio was 41.9% in the third quarter of 2017 compared to 45.1% for the same quarter a year ago.

 

Income Taxes

 

The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2017 was 41.4% compared to 25.5% for the third quarter of 2016. The third quarter 2017 effective tax rate of 41.4% reflected additional tax expense to increase the full year effective tax rate to 34% compared to the 29% effective tax rate forecasted at June 30, 2017. This adjustment in the third quarter was the result of lower tax credits from the slow deployment of alternative energy investments. Income tax expense for the first quarter of 2017 was also reduced by $2.6 million in benefits from the distribution of restricted stock units and exercises of stock options.

 

 

Year-to-Date Statement of Operations Review

 

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, was $150.1 million, an increase of $23.0 million, or 18.1%, compared to net income of $127.1 million for the same period a year ago. Diluted earnings per share was $1.86 compared to $1.59 per share for the same period a year ago. The net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, was 3.63% compared to 3.39% for the same period a year ago.

 

Return on average stockholders’ equity was 10.46% and return on average assets was 1.39% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to a return on average stockholders’ equity of 9.66% and a return on average assets of 1.29% for the same period of 2016. The efficiency ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, was 43.71% compared to 51.35% for the same period a year ago.

 

 

The following table sets forth information concerning average interest-earning assets, average interest-bearing liabilities, and the average yields and rates paid on those assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and 2016. Average outstanding amounts included in the table are daily averages.

 

Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities

 
   

Nine months ended September 30,

 
   

2017

   

2016

 
           

Interest

   

Average

           

Interest

   

Average

 
   

Average

   

Income/

   

Yield/

   

Average

   

Income/

   

Yield/

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Balance

   

Expense

   

Rate (1)(2)

   

Balance

   

Expense

   

Rate (1)(2)

 

Interest earning assets:

                                               

Total loans and leases (1)

  $ 11,668,814     $ 401,129       4.60       10,468,328       349,212       4.46  

Investment securities

    1,297,789       14,817       1.53       1,384,019       16,974       1.64  

Federal Home Loan Bank and FRB stock

    22,345       1,317       7.88       17,256       1,122       8.69  

Interest bearing deposits

    359,580       3,140       1.17       272,690       1,094       0.54  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

    12,033       108       1.20       -       -       -  

Total interest-earning assets

    13,360,561       420,511       4.21       12,142,293       368,402       4.05  

Non-interest earning assets:

                                               

Cash and due from banks

    235,097                       215,415                  

Other non-earning assets

    965,906                       891,974                  

Total non-interest earning assets

    1,201,003                       1,107,389                  

Less:  Allowance for loan losses

    (113,299 )                     (133,232 )                

Deferred loan fees

    (4,531 )                     (7,225 )                

Total assets

  $ 14,443,734                     $ 13,109,225                  
                                                 

Interest bearing liabilities:

                                               

Interest bearing demand accounts

  $ 1,282,904     $ 1,639       0.17     $ 1,013,129     $ 1,256       0.17  

Money market accounts

    2,359,871       11,362       0.64       2,020,725       9,768       0.65  

Savings accounts

    817,540       1,244       0.20       626,200       759       0.16  

Time deposits

    4,840,293       33,429       0.92       4,752,938       32,177       0.90  

Total interest-bearing deposits

    9,300,608       47,674       0.69       8,412,992       43,960       0.70  
                                                 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    149,267       3,489       3.13       392,701       11,696       3.98  

Other borrowings

    177,372       2,366       1.78       119,348       442       0.49  

Long-term debt

    119,136       4,320       4.85       119,136       4,336       4.86  

Total interest-bearing liabilities

    9,746,383       57,849       0.79       9,044,177       60,434       0.89  

Non-interest bearing liabilities:

                                               

Demand deposits

    2,542,754                       2,131,742                  

Other liabilities

    236,332                       175,714                  

Total equity

    1,918,265                       1,757,592                  

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 14,443,734                     $ 13,109,225                  

Net interest spread

                    3.42 %                     3.16 %

Net interest income

          $ 362,662                     $ 307,968          

Net interest margin

                    3.63 %                     3.39 %

 

(1) Yields and amounts of interest earned include loan fees. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balance.

(2) Calculated by dividing net interest income by average outstanding interest-earning assets.

 

 

The following table summarizes the changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in volume and changes in interest rates:

 

 

Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income — Changes Due to Volumn and Rate(1)

 
   

Nine months ended September 30,

 
   

2017-2016

 
   

Increase (Decrease) in

 
   

Net Interest Income Due to:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Changes in

Volume

   

Changes in

Rate

   

Total

Change

 
                         

Interest-earning assets:

                       

Loans and leases

  $ 40,745     $ 11,172     $ 51,917  

Investment securities

    (1,030 )     (1,127 )     (2,157 )

Federal Home Loan Bank and FRB stock

    307       (112 )     195  

Deposits with other banks

    435       1,611       2,046  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

    108       -       108  

Total changes in interest income

    40,565       11,544       52,109  
                         

Interest-bearing liabilities:

                       

Interest bearing demand accounts

    343       40       383  

Money market accounts

    1,624       (30 )     1,594  

Savings accounts

    264       221       485  

Time deposits

    583       669       1,252  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    (6,097 )     (2,110 )     (8,207 )

Other borrowed funds

    303       1,621       1,924  

Long-term debt

    -       (16 )     (16 )

Total changes in interest expense

    (2,980 )     395       (2,585 )

Changes in net interest income

  $ 43,545     $ 11,149     $ 54,694  

 

(1)

Changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to changes due to volume and changes due to rate. 

 

 

 

Balance Sheet Review

 

Assets

 

Total assets were $15.7 billion as of September 30, 2017, an increase of $1.2 billion, or 8.3%, from $14.5 billion as of December 31, 2016, primarily due to the acquisition of SinoPac Bancorp which had total assets of $1.2 billion.

 

Investment Securities

 

Investment securities represented 8.7% of total assets as of September 30, 2017, compared to 9.1% of total assets as of December 31, 2016. The carrying value of investment securities as of September 30, 2017, was $1.4 billion compared to $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2016. Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value and had a net unrealized gain, net of tax, of $2.0 million as of September 30, 2017, compared to a net unrealized loss, net of tax, of $1.5 million as of December 31, 2016.

 

 

The following tables reflect the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, and fair value of investment securities as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016:

 

   

September 30, 2017

 
           

Gross

   

Gross

         
   

Amortized

   

Unrealized

   

Unrealized

         
   

Cost

   

Gains

   

Losses

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                 

Securities Available-for-Sale

                               

U.S. treasury securities

  $ 399,741     $ -     $ 305     $ 399,436  

U.S. government agency entities

    9,679       27       6       9,700  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    400,000       -       6,278       393,722  

State and municipal securities

    1,943               12       1,931  

Mortgage-backed securities

    447,959       468       2,362       446,065  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    1,715       -       5       1,710  

Corporate debt securities

    80,007       904       5       80,906  

Mutual funds

    6,500       -       229       6,271  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

    4,117       3,970       -       8,087  

Other equity securities

    13,294       7,463       98       20,659  

Total

  $ 1,364,955     $ 12,832     $ 9,300     $ 1,368,487  

 

 

   

December 31, 2016

 
           

Gross

   

Gross

         
   

Amortized

   

Unrealized

   

Unrealized

         
   

Cost

   

Gains

   

Losses

   

Fair Value

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                 

Securities Available-for-Sale

                               

U.S. treasury securities

  $ 489,839     $ 35     $ 857     $ 489,017  

U.S. government sponsored entities

    400,000       -       9,669       390,331  

Mortgage-backed securities

    339,241       309       3,290       336,260  

Collateralized mortgage obligations

    48       -       20       28  

Corporate debt securities

    74,965       247       862       74,350  

Mutual funds

    6,500       -       270       6,230  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

    2,811       4,497       -       7,308  

Other equity securities

    3,608       7,213       -       10,821  

Total

  $ 1,317,012     $ 12,301     $ 14,968     $ 1,314,345  

 

 

For additional information, see Note 7 to the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

Investment securities having a carrying value of $291.4 million as of September 30, 2017, and $649.1 million as of December 31, 2016, were pledged to secure public deposits, other borrowings, treasury tax and loan and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. 

 

 

Loans

 

Gross loans, excluding loans held for sale, were $12.6 billion at September 30, 2017, an increase of $1.4 billion, or 12.5%, from $11.2 billion at December 31, 2016. The increase was primarily due to increases of $591.8 million, or 10.2%, in commercial mortgage loans, $478.5 million, or 19.6%, in residential mortgage loans, $171.7 million, or 7.6%, in commercial loans, and $143.4 million, or 26.2%, in real estate construction loans. The loan balances and composition at September 30, 2017, compared to December 31, 2016, and to September 30, 2016, are presented below:

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

% of Gross Loans

   

December 31, 2016

   

% of Gross Loans

   

% Change

 

Type of Loans

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 2,419,891       19.2 %   $ 2,248,187       20.1 %     7.6 %

Residential mortgage loans

    2,922,537       23.3       2,444,048       21.8       19.6  

Commercial mortgage loans

    6,377,047       50.6       5,785,248       51.7       10.2  

Equity lines

    181,751       1.4       171,711       1.5       5.8  

Real estate construction loans

    691,486       5.5       548,088       4.9       26.2  

Installment and other loans

    4,722       0.0       3,993       0.0       18.3  

Gross loans

  $ 12,597,434       100 %   $ 11,201,275       100 %     12.5 %
                                         

Allowance for loan losses

    (121,535 )             (118,966 )             2.2  

Unamortized deferred loan fees

    (3,424 )             (4,994 )             (31.4 )
                                         

Total loans, net

  $ 12,472,475             $ 11,077,315               12.6 %
                                         

Loans held for sale

  $ -             $ 7,500               (100.0 %)

 

 

Non-performing Assets

 

Non-performing assets include loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest, non-accrual loans, and other real estate owned (“OREO”). The Company’s policy is to place loans on non-accrual status if interest and/or principal is past due 90 days or more, or in cases where management deems the full collection of principal and interest unlikely. After a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged against current income and subsequent payments received are generally first applied towards the outstanding principal balance of the loan. Depending on the circumstances, management may elect to continue the accrual of interest on certain past due loans if partial payment is received and/or the loan is well collateralized and in the process of collection. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled.

 

Management reviews the loan portfolio regularly for problem loans. During the ordinary course of business, management becomes aware of borrowers that may not be able to meet the contractual requirements of the loan agreements. Such loans are placed under closer supervision with consideration given to placing the loans on non-accrual status, the need for an additional allowance for loan losses, and (if appropriate) partial or full charge-off.

 

The ratio of non-performing assets, excluding non-accrual loans held for sale, to total assets was 0.6% at September 30, 2017, compared to 0.5% at December 31, 2016. Total non-performing assets increased $17.6 million, or 25.2%, to $87.4 million at September 30, 2017, compared to $69.8 million at December 31, 2016, primarily due to an increase of $15.7 million, or 31.6%, in non-accrual loans offset by a decrease of $2.0 million, or 9.7%, in other real estate owned.

 

As a percentage of gross loans, excluding loans held for sale, plus OREO, our non-performing assets was 0.69% as of September 30, 2017, compared to 0.62% as of December 31, 2016. The non-performing portfolio loan coverage ratio, defined as the allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans, decreased to 181.6% as of September 30, 2017, from 245.9% as of December 31, 2016.

 

 

The following table presents the changes in non-performing assets and troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) as of September 30, 2017, compared to December 31, 2016, and to September 30, 2016:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

   

% Change

   

September 30, 2016

   

% Change

 

Non-performing assets

                                       

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more

  $ 3,900     $ -       100     $ -       100  

Non-accrual loans:

                                       

Construction loans

    14,267       5,458       161       5,507       159  

Commercial mortgage loans

    28,379       20,078       41       21,077       35  

Commercial loans

    15,942       15,710       1       9,251       72  

Residential mortgage loans

    6,763       8,436       (20 )     8,524       (21 )

Total non-accrual loans:

  $ 65,351     $ 49,682       32     $ 44,359       47  

Total non-performing loans

    69,251       49,682       39       44,359       56  

Other real estate owned

    18,115       20,070       (10 )     20,986       (14 )

Total non-performing assets

  $ 87,366     $ 69,752       25     $ 65,345       34  

Accruing troubled debt restructurings

  $ 62,358     $ 65,393       (5 )   $ 86,555       (28 )

Non-accrual loans held for sale

  $ -     $ 7,500       (100 )   $ 4,750       (100 )
                                         

Allowance for loan losses

  $ 121,535     $ 118,966       2     $ 117,942       3  
                                         

Total gross loans outstanding, at period-end (1)

  $ 12,597,434     $ 11,201,275       12     $ 11,010,457       14  
                                         

Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, at period-end (2)

    175.50 %     239.45 %             265.88 %        

Allowance for loan losses to gross loans, at period-end (1)

    0.96 %     1.06 %             1.07 %        

 

(1) Excludes loans held for sale at period-end.

(2) Excludes non-accrual loans held for sale at period-end.

 

 

 

Non-accrual Loans

 

At September 30, 2017, total non-accrual loans were $65.4 million, an increase of $15.7 million, or 31.6%, resulting from several construction and commercial real estate loans placed on nonaccrual, from $49.7 million at December 31, 2016, and an increase of $21.0 million, or 47.3%, from $44.4 million at September 30, 2016. The allowance for the collateral-dependent loans is calculated based on the difference between the outstanding loan balance and the value of the collateral as determined by recent appraisals, sales contracts, or other available market price information. The allowance for collateral-dependent loans varies from loan to loan based on the collateral coverage of the loan at the time of designation as non-performing. We continue to monitor the collateral coverage of these loans, based on recent appraisals, on a quarterly basis and adjust the allowance accordingly. Non-accrual loans also include those TDRs that do not qualify for accrual status.

 

 

The following tables present the type of properties securing the non-accrual portfolio loans and the type of businesses the borrowers engaged in as of the dates indicated:

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Real

           

Real

         
   

Estate (1)

   

Commercial

   

Estate (1)

   

Commercial

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Type of Collateral

                               

Single/multi-family residence

  $ 23,780     $ 7,742     $ 9,368     $ 218  

Commercial real estate

    25,591       -       24,321       -  

Land

    -       -       283       -  

Personal property (UCC)

    -       8,200       -       15,492  

Total

  $ 49,371     $ 15,942     $ 33,972     $ 15,710  

 

(1) Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, residential mortgage loans and equity lines.

 

 

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Real

           

Real

         
   

Estate (1)

   

Commercial

   

Estate (1)

   

Commercial

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Type of Business

                               

Real estate development

  $ 31,890     $ 20     $ 13,804     $ -  

Wholesale/Retail

    10,807       7,924       12,312       9,213  

Food/Restaurant

    140       -       153       -  

Import/Export

    -       7,998       -       6,174  

Other

    6,534       -       7,703       323  

Total

  $ 49,371     $ 15,942     $ 33,972     $ 15,710  

 

(1) Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, residential mortgage loans and equity lines. 

 

 

Impaired Loans

 

A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement based on current circumstances and events. The assessment for impairment occurs when and while such loans are on non-accrual as a result of delinquency status of over 90 days or receipt of information indicating that full collection of principal is doubtful, or when the loan has been restructured in a troubled debt restructuring (TDRs). Those loans with a balance less than our defined selection criteria, generally a loan amount less than $500,000, are treated as a homogeneous portfolio. If loans meeting the defined criteria are not collateral dependent, we measure the impairment based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. If loans meeting the defined criteria are collateral dependent, we measure the impairment by using the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral. We obtain an appraisal to determine the amount of impairment at the date that the loan becomes impaired. The appraisals are based on “as is” or bulk sale valuations. To ensure that appraised values remain current, we generally obtain an updated appraisal every twelve months from qualified independent appraisers. If the fair value of the collateral, less cost to sell, is less than the recorded amount of the loan, we then recognize impairment by creating or adjusting an existing valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. If an impaired loan is expected to be collected through liquidation of the collateral, the amount of impairment, excluding disposal costs, which range between 3% to 6% of the fair value, depending on the size of the impaired loan, is charged off against the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual impaired loans, including TDRs, are not returned to accrual status unless the unpaid interest has been brought current and full repayment of the recorded balance is expected or if the borrower has made six consecutive monthly payments of the scheduled amounts due, and TDRs are reviewed for continued impairment until they are no longer reported as TDRs.

 

 

As of September 30, 2017, recorded investment in impaired loans totaled $127.7 million and was comprised of non-accrual loans, excluding loans held for sale, of $65.3 million and accruing troubled debt restructured loans (TDRs) of $62.4 million. As of December 31, 2016, recorded investment in impaired loans totaled $115.1 million and was comprised of non-accrual loans, excluding loans held for sale, of $49.7 million and accruing TDRs of $65.4 million. For impaired loans, the amounts previously charged off represent 7.1% as of September 30, 2017, and 8.4% as of December 31, 2016, of the contractual balances for impaired loans. As of September 30, 2017, $49.4 million, or 75.7%, of the $65.3 million of non-accrual loans, excluding loans held for sale, was secured by real estate compared to $34.0 million, or 68.4%, of the $49.7 million of non-accrual loans, excluding loans held for sale, that was secured by real estate as of December 31, 2016. The Bank obtains current appraisals, sales contracts, or other available market price information which provide updated factors in evaluating potential loss.

 

As of September 30, 2017, $2.1 million of the $121.5 million allowance for loan losses was allocated for impaired loans and $119.4 million was allocated to the general allowance. As of December 31, 2016, $2.8 million of the $119.0 million allowance for loan losses was allocated for impaired loans and $116.2 million was allocated to the general allowance.

 

The allowance for loan losses to non-accrual loans was 186.0% as of September 30, 2017, from 239.5% as of December 31, 2016, primarily due to an increase in the non-accrual loans. Non-accrual loans also include those TDRs that do not qualify for accrual status.    

 

 

The following table presents impaired loans and the related allowance as of the dates indicated:

 

 

   

Impaired Loans

 
   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
                                     
   

Unpaid Principal Balance

   

Recorded Investment

   

Allowance

   

Unpaid Principal Balance

   

Recorded Investment

   

Allowance

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                                 

With no allocated allowance

                                               

Commercial loans

  $ 23,953     $ 23,373     $ -     $ 24,037     $ 23,121     $ -  

Real estate construction loans

    22,309       21,748       -       5,776       5,458       -  

Commercial mortgage loans

    39,154       32,370       -       60,522       54,453       -  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    2,264       2,264       -       5,472       5,310       -  

Subtotal

  $ 87,680     $ 79,755     $ -     $ 95,807     $ 88,342     $ -  

With allocated allowance

                                               

Commercial loans

  $ 14,082     $ 13,985     $ 1,461     $ 5,216     $ 4,640     $ 1,827  

Commercial mortgage loans

    23,061       22,820       823       10,158       10,017       573  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    12,461       11,111       322       13,263       12,075       396  

Subtotal

  $ 49,604     $ 47,916     $ 2,606     $ 28,637     $ 26,732     $ 2,796  

Total impaired loans

  $ 137,284     $ 127,671     $ 2,606     $ 124,444     $ 115,074     $ 2,796  

 

 

 

Loan Interest Reserves 

 

In accordance with customary banking practice, we originate construction loans and land development loans where interest on the loan is disbursed from pre-established interest reserves included in the total original loan commitment. Our construction loans and land development loans generally include optional renewal terms after the maturity of the initial loan term. New appraisals are obtained prior to extension or renewal of these loans in part to determine the appropriate interest reserve to be established for the new loan term. Loans with interest reserves are underwritten to the same criteria, including loan to value and, if applicable, pro forma debt service coverage ratios, as loans without interest reserves. Construction loans with interest reserves are monitored on a periodic basis to gauge progress towards completion. Interest reserves are frozen if it is determined that additional draws would result in a loan to value ratio that exceeds policy maximums based on collateral property type. Our policy limits in this regard are consistent with supervisory limits and range from 65% in the case of land to 85% in the case of one to four family residential construction projects.

 

As of September 30, 2017, construction loans of $515.4 million were disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $61.8 million compared to $500.2 million of such loans disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $58.9 million at December 31, 2016.  The balance for construction loans with interest reserves which have been extended was $81.3 million with pre-established interest reserves of $1.8 million at September 30, 2017, compared to $113.1 million with pre-established interest reserves of $2.1 million at December 31, 2016.  Land loans of $23.2 million were disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $680,000 at September 30, 2017, compared to $51.3 million land loans disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $1.0 million at December 31, 2016.  The balance for land loans with interest reserves which have been extended was $5.9 million at September 30, 2017 with pre-established interest reserves of $360,000 compared to $2.0 million in land loans with pre-established interest reserves of $40,000 at December 31, 2016

 

 

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Bank had no loans on non-accrual status with available interest reserves.  At September 30, 2017, $14.3 million of non-accrual non-residential construction loans, and $8.0 million land loans had been originated with pre-established interest reserves.  At December 31, 2016, $5.5 million of non-accrual non-residential construction loans, and $7.8 million of non-accrual land loans had been originated with pre-established interest reserves.    While we typically expect loans with interest reserves to be repaid in full according to the original contractual terms, some loans require one or more extensions beyond the original maturity before full repayment.  Typically, these extensions are required due to construction delays, delays in the sale or lease of property, or some combination of these two factors.

 

 

Loan Concentration

 

Most of the Company’s business activities are with customers located in the predominantly Asian-populated areas of Southern and Northern California; New York City, New York; Dallas and Houston, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Edison, New Jersey; Rockville, Maryland; Las Vegas, Nevada, and Hong Kong. The Company has no specific industry concentration, and generally its loans are collateralized with real property or other pledged collateral of the borrowers. The Company generally expects loans to be paid off from the operating profits of the borrowers, refinancing by another lender, or through sale by the borrowers of the collateral. There were no loan concentrations to multiple borrowers in similar activities that exceeded 10% of total loans as of September 30, 2017, or as of December 31, 2016.

 

The federal banking regulatory agencies issued final guidance on December 6, 2006, regarding risk management practices for financial institutions with high or increasing concentrations of commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans on their balance sheets. The regulatory guidance reiterates the need for sound internal risk management practices for those institutions that have experienced rapid growth in CRE lending, have notable exposure to specific types of CRE, or are approaching or exceeding the supervisory criteria used to evaluate the CRE concentration risk, but the guidance is not to be construed as a limit for CRE exposure. The supervisory criteria are: (1) total reported loans for construction, land development, and other land represent 100% of the institution’s total risk-based capital, and (2) total CRE loans represent 300% or more of the institution’s total risk-based capital and the institution’s CRE loan portfolio has increased 50% or more within the last thirty-six months. Total loans for construction, land development, and other land represented 40.7% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital as of September 30, 2017, and 40.4% as of December 31, 2016. Total CRE loans represented 305% of total risk-based capital as of September 30, 2017, and 300% as of December 31, 2016 and were below the Bank’s internal limit for CRE loans of 400% of total capital at both dates.

 

Allowance for Credit Losses

 

The Bank maintains the allowance for credit losses at a level that the Bank considers appropriate to absorb the estimated and known risks in the loan portfolio and off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments. Allowance for credit losses is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments. With this risk management objective, the Bank’s management has an established monitoring system that is designed to identify impaired and potential problem loans, and to permit periodic evaluation of impairment and the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses in a timely manner.

 

 

In addition, the Bank’s Board of Directors has established a written credit policy that includes a credit review and control system that the Board of Directors believes should be effective in ensuring that the Bank maintains an appropriate allowance for credit losses. The Board of Directors provides oversight for the allowance evaluation process, including quarterly evaluations, and determines whether the allowance is appropriate to absorb losses in the credit portfolio. The determination of the amount of the allowance for credit losses and the provision for credit losses are based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectability when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for credit losses. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for credit losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. Additions to the allowance for credit losses are made by charges to the provision for credit losses. While management utilizes its best judgment based on the information available, the ultimate appropriateness of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Bank’s control, including the performance of the Bank’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates, and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. Identified credit exposures that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts, if any, are credited to the allowance for credit losses. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality could result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, or defaults, and a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for credit losses in future periods.

 

 

The allowance for loan losses was $121.5 million and the allowance for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments was $4.3 million at September 30, 2017, which represented the amount believed by management to be appropriate to absorb credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio, including unfunded commitments. The $121.5 million allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2017, increased $2.5 million, or 2.1%, from $119.0 million at December 31, 2016. The allowance for loan losses represented 0.96% of period-end gross loans, excluding loans held for sale, and 175.5% of non-performing loans at September 30, 2017. The comparable ratios were 1.06% of period-end gross loans, excluding loans held for sale, and 239.5% of non-performing loans at December 31, 2016. The following table sets forth information relating to the allowance for loan losses, charge-offs, recoveries, and the reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments for the periods indicated:

 

   

Three months ended September 30,

   

Nine months ended September 30,

 
   

2017

   

2016

   

2017

   

2016

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 115,809     $ 122,948     $ 118,966     $ 138,963  

Reversal for credit losses

    -       -       (2,500 )     (15,650 )

Charge-offs :

                               

Commercial loans

    (80 )     (3,278 )     (1,810 )     (12,036 )

Real estate loans

    (305 )     (4,625 )     (860 )     (5,829 )

Total charge-offs

    (385 )     (7,903 )     (2,670 )     (17,865 )

Recoveries:

                               

Commercial loans

    575       2,006       1,401       3,720  

Construction loans

    47       548       143       7,871  

Real estate loans

    5,489       343       6,195       903  

Total recoveries

    6,111       2,897       7,739       12,494  
                                 

Balance at end of period

  $ 121,535     $ 117,942     $ 121,535     $ 117,942  

Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments

                               

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 4,513     $ 2,124     $ 3,224     $ 1,494  

Provision for credit losses

    (259 )     100       1,030       730  

Balance at end of period

  $ 4,254     $ 2,224     $ 4,254     $ 2,224  
                                 

Average loans outstanding during the period (1)

  $ 12,317,721     $ 10,668,341     $ 11,668,814     $ 10,466,764  

Total gross loans outstanding, at period-end (1)

  $ 12,597,434     $ 11,010,457     $ 12,597,434     $ 11,010,457  

Total non-performing loans, at period-end (2)

  $ 69,251     $ 44,359     $ 69,251     $ 44,359  

Ratio of net charge-offs/(recoveries) to average loans outstanding during the period (1)

    (0.18% )     0.19 %     (0.06% )     0.07 %

Provision for credit losses to average loans outstanding during the period (1)

    (0.01% )     0.00 %     (0.02% )     (0.19% )

Allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans, at period-end (2)

    181.64 %     270.89 %     181.64 %     270.89 %
                                 

Allowance for credit losses to gross loans, at period-end (1)

    1.00 %     1.09 %     1.00 %     1.09 %

 

(1) Excluding loans held for sale.

(2) Excluding non-accrual loans held for sale.

 

Our allowance for loan losses consists of the following:

 

 

 • 

Specific allowance: For impaired loans, we provide specific allowances for loans that are not collateral dependent based on an evaluation of the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate and for loans that are collateral dependent based on the fair value of the underlying collateral determined by the most recent valuation information received, which may be adjusted based on factors such as changes in market conditions from the time of valuation. If the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the deficiency will be charged off against the allowance for loan losses or, alternatively, a specific allocation will be established.

 

 

General allowance: The unclassified portfolio is segmented on a group basis. Segmentation is determined by loan type and common risk characteristics. The non-impaired loans are grouped into 19 segments: two commercial segments, ten commercial real estate segments, one residential construction segment, one non-residential construction segment, one SBA segment, one installment loans segment, one residential mortgage segment, one equity lines of credit segment, and one overdrafts segment. The allowance is provided for each segmented group based on the group’s historical loan loss experience aggregated based on loan risk classifications which take into account the current financial condition of the borrowers and guarantors, the prevailing value of the underlying collateral if collateral dependent, charge-off history, management’s knowledge of the portfolio, general economic conditions, environmental factors including the trends in delinquency and non-accrual, and other significant factors, such as the national and local economy, volume and composition of the portfolio, strength of management and loan staff, underwriting standards, and concentration of credit. In addition, management reviews reports on past-due loans to ensure appropriate classification.

 

 

The table set forth below reflects management’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category and the ratio of each loan category to the average gross loans as of the dates indicated:

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
           

Percentage of

           

Percentage of

 
           

Loans in Each

           

Loans in Each

 
           

Category

           

Category

 
           

to Average

           

to Average

 
   

Amount

   

Gross Loans

   

Amount

   

Gross Loans

 

Type of Loan:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Commercial loans

  $ 51,039       19.1 %   $ 49,203       21.1 %

Residential mortgage loans (1)

    11,062       24.3       11,620       22.0  

Commercial mortgage loans

    37,402       51.5       34,864       52.2  

Real estate construction loans

    22,008       5.0       23,268       4.7  

Installment and other loans

    24       0.0       11       0.0  

Total

  $ 121,535       100 %   $ 118,966       100 %

 

(1) Residential mortgage loans includes equity lines.

 

 

The allowance allocated to commercial loans increased $1.8 million, or 3.7%, to $51.0 million at September 30, 2017, from $49.2 million at December 31, 2016. The increase is due primarily to commercial loan growth.

 

The allowance allocated for residential mortgage loans decreased $0.5 million, or 4.3%, to $11.1 million at as of September 30, 2017, from $11.6 million at December 31, 2016 as a result of the decrease in the amount of general allowance determined to be required for residential mortgage loans. .

 

The allowance allocated to commercial mortgage loans increased $2.5 million, or 7.2%, to $37.4 million at September 30, 2017, from $34.9 million at December 31, 2016 as a result of the increase in the amount of general allowance determined to be required for commercial mortgage loans.

 

The allowance allocated to real estate construction loans decreased $1.3 million, or 5.6%, to $22.0 million at September 30, 2017 from $23.3 million at December 31, 2016. The decrease is due primarily to the decrease in the amount of specific reserves and general allowance determined to be required for construction loans.

 

 

Deposits

 

Total deposits were $12.6 billion at September 30, 2017, an increase of $887 million, or 7.6%, from $11.7 billion at December 31, 2016. The following table displays the deposit mix as of the dates indicated:

 

 

 

 

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 
   

Amount

   

Percentage

   

Amount

   

Percentage

 

Deposits

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits

  $ 2,730,006       21.7 %   $ 2,478,107       21.2 %

Interest bearing demand deposits

    1,379,100       11.0       1,230,445       10.6  

Money market deposits

    2,370,724       18.9       2,198,938       18.8  

Savings deposits

    925,312       7.4       719,949       6.2  

Time deposits

    5,156,553       41.0       5,047,287       43.2  

Total deposits

  $ 12,561,695       100.0 %   $ 11,674,726       100.0 %

 

 

The following table shows the maturity distribution of time deposits as of September 30, 2017:

 


 

   

Time Deposits -under $100,000

   

Time Deposits -

$100,000 and over

   

Total Time

Deposits

 
   

(In thousands)

 

Less than three months

  $ 320,157     $ 921,819     $ 1,241,976  

Three to six months

    320,580       836,506       1,157,086  

Six to twelve months

    371,407       1,704,311       2,075,718  

Over one year

    224,168       457,605       681,773  

Total

  $ 1,236,312     $ 3,920,241     $ 5,156,553  

Percent of total deposits

    9.8 %     31.2 %     41.0 %

 

 

Borrowings

 

Borrowings include federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, funds obtained as advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco, and borrowings from other financial institutions.

 

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $100 million with a weighted average rate of 2.86% as of September 30, 2017, compared to $350 million with a weighted average rate of 4.06% as of December 31, 2016. Final maturity for the two fixed rate non-callable securities sold under agreements to repurchase was $50.0 million in June 2018 and $50.0 million in July 2018.

 

These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The Company may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of U.S. Treasury securities and mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $109 million as of September 30, 2017, and $372 million as of December 31, 2016.

 

Borrowing from the FHLB. As of September 30, 2017, over-night borrowings from the FHLB were $450 million at a rate of 1.16% compared to $275 million at a rate of 0.55% as of December 31, 2016. As of September 30, 2017, the advances from the FHLB were $145 million at a rate of 1.35%. As of September 30, 2017, FHLB advances of $490 million will mature in October 2017, $55 million in 2018 and $50 million in December 2019.

 

 

Long-term Debt

 

Long-term debt was $255.2 million as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016. Long-term debt is comprised of a $119.1 million Junior Subordinated Notes, which qualify as Tier I capital for regulatory purposes, issued in connection with our various pooled trust preferred securities offerings, and $136.1 million of deferred payments to Bank SinoPac.

 

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations to make future payments as of September 30, 2017. Payments for deposits and borrowings do not include interest. Payments related to leases are based on actual payments specified in the underlying contracts.

 

   

Payment Due by Period

 
           

More than

   

3 years or

                 
           

1 year but

   

more but

                 
   

1 year

   

less than

   

less than

   

5 years

         
   

or less

   

3 years

   

5 years

   

or more

   

Total

 
   

(In thousands)

 
                                         

Contractual obligations:

                                       

Deposits with stated maturity dates

  $ 4,474,779     $ 680,903     $ 860     $ 11     $ 5,156,553  

Non-callable securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    100,000       -       -       -       100,000  

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank

    540,000       55,000       -       -       595,000  

Other borrowings

    -       -       -       17,518       17,518  

Long-term debt

    -       -       -       119,136       119,136  

Deferred payments from acquisition

    -       -       136,056       -       136,056  

Operating leases

    9,820       12,853       8,791       8,052       39,516  

Total contractual obligations and other commitments

  $ 5,124,599     $ 748,756     $ 145,707     $ 144,717     $ 6,163,779  

 

In the normal course of business, we enter into various transactions, which, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, are not included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We enter into these transactions to meet the financing needs of our customers. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Loan Commitments. We enter into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of our commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding. We minimize our exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures. Management assesses the credit risk associated with certain commitments to extend credit in determining the level of the allowance for credit losses.

 

Standby Letters of Credit. Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued by us to secure the obligations of a customer to a third party. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of an agreement with the third party, we would be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, we would be entitled to seek reimbursement from the customer. Our policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements contain security and debt covenants similar to those contained in loan agreements.

 

 

Capital Resources

 

Total equity was $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2017, an increase of $140.2 million, from $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2016, primarily due to net income of $150.1 million and $34.9 million of common stock issued for the acquisition of SinoPac Bancorp partially offset by common stock cash dividends of $50.5 million and shares withheld related to net share settlement of RSUs of $5.1 million.

 

The following table summarizes changes in total equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

 

 

   

Nine months ended

 

(In thousands)

 

September 30, 2017

 

Net income

  $ 150,102  

Stock issued to directors

    549  

Stock options exercised and RSUs distributed

    1,018  

Proceeds from shares issued through the Dividend Reinvestment Plan

    1,849  

Shares withheld related to net share settlement of RSUs

    (5,127 )

Share-based compensation

    3,900  

Other comprehensive income

    3,498  

Equity consideration for acquisition

    34,862  

Cash dividends paid to common stockholders

    (50,491 )

Net increase in total equity

  $ 140,160  

 

 

Capital Adequacy Review

 

Management seeks to maintain the Company’s capital at a level sufficient to support future growth, protect depositors and stockholders, and comply with various regulatory requirements.

 

Both Bancorp’s and the Bank’s regulatory capital continued to exceed the regulatory minimum requirements under Basel III rules that became effective January 1, 2015, with transitional provisions as of September 30, 2017. In addition, the capital ratios of the Bank place it in the “well capitalized” category, which is defined as institutions with a common equity tier 1 capital ratio equal to or greater than 6.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 8%, a total risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 10%, and a Tier 1 leverage capital ratio equal to or greater than 5%.

 

 

The following table presents Bancorp’s and the Bank’s capital and leverage ratios as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016:

 

   

Cathay General Bancorp

   

Cathay Bank

 
   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

   

September 30, 2017

   

December 31, 2016

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Balance

   

%

   

Balance

   

%

   

Balance

   

%

   

Balance

   

%

 
                                                                 

Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $ 1,555,919       12.22     $ 1,459,351       12.84     $ 1,461,917       12.34     $ 1,515,096       13.35  

Common equity Tier 1 capital minimum requirement

    573,075       4.50       511,590       4.50       532,962       4.50       510,582       4.50  

Excess

  $ 981,121       7.68     $ 947,761       8.34     $ 927,155       7.80     $ 1,004,514       8.85  
                                                                 

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $ 1,555,919       12.22     $ 1,574,806       13.85     $ 1,461,917       12.34     $ 1,515,096       13.35  

Tier 1 capital minimum requirement

    764,100       6.00       682,120       6.00       710,616       6.00       680,776       6.00  

Excess

  $ 789,522       6.18     $ 892,686       7.85     $ 748,901       6.30     $ 834,320       7.35  
                                                                 

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $ 1,802,206       14.15     $ 1,702,144       14.97     $ 1,587,501       13.40     $ 1,637,286       14.43  

Total capital minimum requirement

    1,018,800       8.00       909,493       8.00       947,487       8.00       907,701       8.00  

Excess

  $ 780,343       6.11     $ 792,651       6.97     $ 636,814       5.36     $ 729,585       6.43  
                                                                 

Tier 1 capital (to average assets) – Leverage ratio

  $ 1,555,919       10.41     $ 1,574,806       11.57     $ 1,461,917       10.54     $ 1,515,096       11.16  

Minimum leverage requirement

    597,635       4.00       544,614       4.00       554,685       4.00       543,059       4.00  

Excess

  $ 958,284       6.41     $ 1,030,192       7.57     $ 907,232       6.54     $ 972,037       7.16  
                                                                 

Risk-weighted assets

  $ 12,734,995             $ 11,368,663             $ 11,843,593             $ 11,346,260          

Total average assets (1)

  $ 14,940,863             $ 13,615,348             $ 13,867,125             $ 13,576,477          

 

(1)

The quarterly total average assets reflect all debt securities at amortized cost, equity securities with readily determinable fair values at the lower of cost or fair value, and equity securities without readily determinable fair values at historical cost.

 

Dividend Policy

 

Holders of common stock are entitled to dividends as and when declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. Although we have historically paid cash dividends on our common stock, we are not required to do so. The amount of future dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors, and will be determined by our Board of Directors. The terms of our Junior Subordinated Notes also limit our ability to pay dividends. Our Board of Directors increased the common stock dividend to $0.21 per share in December 2016. The terms of our Junior Subordinated Notes also limit our ability to pay dividends.

 

The Company declared a cash dividend of $0.21 per share on 80,795,512 shares outstanding on September 1, 2017, for distribution to holders of our common stock on September 11, 2017, $0.21 per share on 79,847,124 shares outstanding on June 1, 2017, for distribution to holders of our common stock on June 12, 2017, and $0.21 per share on 79,788,541 shares outstanding on March 1, 2017, for distribution to holders of our common stock on March 10, 2017. The Company paid total cash dividends of $50.5 million during the first nine months of 2017.

 

Country Risk Exposures

 

The Company’s total assets were $15.7 billion and total foreign country risk net exposures were $454.7 million as of September 30, 2017. Total foreign country risk net exposures as of September 30, 2017, were comprised primarily of $277.3 million from Hong Kong, $45.6 million from China, $30.8 million from Australia, $25.2 million from France, $15.6 million from Singapore, $13.5 million from Germany, $10.0 million from Virgin Island, $9.3 million from England, $7.6 million from Taiwan, $5.1 million from Canada, $5.0 million from Cayman Island, $4.2 million from Macau, $2.2 million from Indonesia, $1.4 million from Switzerland, $1.1 million from Japan, $0.3 million from New Zealand, and $0.3 million from Venezuela. Risk is determined based on location of the borrowers, issuers, and counterparties.

 

 

All foreign country risk net exposures as of September 30, 2017, were to non-sovereign counterparties, except $11.8 million due from the Hong Kong Monetary Authority.

 

Unfunded loans to foreign entities exposures were $10.7 million as of September 30, 2017, primarily due to $10.0 million of unfunded loans to financial institutions in China and $0.7 million of unfunded loans to borrowers in Canada.

 

Financial Derivatives

 

It is the policy of the Company not to speculate on the future direction of interest rates. However, the Company enters into financial derivatives in order to seek mitigation of exposure to interest rate risks related to our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. We believe that these transactions, when properly structured and managed, may provide a hedge against inherent interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities and against risk in specific transactions. In such instances, the Company may enter into interest rate swap contracts or other types of financial derivatives. Prior to considering any hedging activities, we seek to analyze the costs and benefits of the hedge in comparison to other viable alternative strategies. All hedges must be approved by the Bank’s Investment Committee.

 

The Company follows ASC Topic 815 that establishes accounting and reporting standards for financial derivatives, including certain financial derivatives embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. It requires the recognition of all financial derivatives as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those financial derivatives at fair value. The accounting treatment of changes in fair value is dependent upon whether or not a financial derivative is designated as a hedge and, if so, the type of hedge. Fair value is determined using third-party models with observable market data. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income and are reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction is reflected in earnings. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are reflected in current earnings, together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item if there is a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps and changes in the fair value of the underlying asset or liability that is intended to be hedged. If there is not a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the underlying asset or liability that is intended to be hedged, then only the changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2014, Bancorp entered into interest rate swap contracts in the notional amount of $119.1 million for a period of ten years. The objective of these interest rate swap contracts, which were designated as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges, was to hedge on Bancorp’s $119.1 million of Junior Subordinated Debentures that had been issued to five trusts, with the quarterly interest payments throughout the ten-year period beginning in June 2014 and ending in June 2024, from the risk of variability of these payments resulting from changes in the three-month LIBOR interest rate. Bancorp pays a weighted average fixed interest rate of 2.61% and receives a variable interest rate of the three-month LIBOR at a weighted average rate of 1.32%. As of September 30, 2017, the notional amount of cash flow interest rate swaps was $119.1 million and their unrealized loss of $2.3 million, net of taxes, was included in other comprehensive income. The amount of periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps included in interest expense was $407,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $588,000 for the same quarter a year ago. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps included in interest expense was $1.3 million compared to $1.8 million for the same period in 2016.

 

 

As of September 30, 2017, the Bank has entered into interest rate swap contracts with various terms from four to eight years. These interest rate swap contracts are matched to individual fixed-rate commercial real estate loans in the Bank’s loan portfolio. These contracts have been designated as hedging instruments to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of the underlying commercial real estate loan due to changes in interest rates. The swap contracts are structured so that the notional amounts reduce over time to match the contractual amortization of the underlying loan and allow prepayments with the same pre-payment penalty amounts as the related loan. The Bank pays a weighted average fixed rate of 4.55% and receives a variable rate at the one month LIBOR rate plus a weighted average spread of 293 basis points, or at a weighted average rate of 4.16%. As of September 30, 2017, the notional amount of fair value interest rate swaps was $510.6 million and their unrealized gain of $1.9 million was included in other non-interest income. The amount of periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps reducing interest income was $514,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $879,000 for the same quarter a year ago. The amount of periodic net settlement of interest rate swaps reducing interest income was $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $2.8 million for the same period a year ago. As of September 30, 2017, the ineffective portion of these interest rate swaps was not significant.

 

Interest rate swap contracts involve the risk of dealing with institutional derivative counterparties and their ability to meet contractual terms. Institutional counterparties must have a strong credit profile and be approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s credit exposure on interest rate swaps is limited to the net favorable value and interest payments of all swaps by each counterparty. Credit exposure may be reduced by the amount of collateral pledged by the counterparty. Bancorp’s interest rate swaps have been assigned by the counterparties to a derivatives clearing organization and daily margin is indirectly maintained with the derivatives clearing organization. Cash posted as collateral by Bancorp related to derivative contracts totaled $6.3 million as of September 30, 2017.

 

The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts with various counterparties to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates for foreign exchange certificates of deposit or foreign exchange contracts entered into with our clients. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts as well as the related foreign exchange certificates of deposit and foreign exchange contracts are recognized immediately in net income as a component of non-interest income. Period end gross positive fair values are recorded in other assets and gross negative fair values are recorded in other liabilities. As of September 30, 2017, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $12.3 million with a net negative fair value of $234,000. As of September 30, 2017, spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $69.3 million had a positive fair value of $1.7 million. Spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $86.6 million had a negative fair value of $1.1 million as of September 30, 2017. As of December 31, 2016, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $12.1 million with a net negative fair value of $121,000. As of December 31, 2016, spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $82.4 million had a positive fair value of $1.3 million. Spot, forward, and swap contracts with a total notional amount of $89.5 million had a negative fair value of $3.1 million as of December 31, 2016.

 

 

Liquidity

 

Liquidity is our ability to maintain sufficient cash flow to meet maturing financial obligations and customer credit needs, and to take advantage of investment opportunities as they are presented in the marketplace. Our principal sources of liquidity are growth in deposits, proceeds from the maturity or sale of securities and other financial instruments, repayments from securities and loans, federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and advances from the FHLB. As of September 30, 2017, our average monthly liquidity ratio (defined as net cash plus short-term and marketable securities to net deposits and short-term liabilities) was 14.0% compared to 12.6% as of December 31, 2016.

 

Before merging on October 27, 2017, the two subsidiary banks of the Company were both shareholders of the FHLB of San Francisco, enabling them to have access to lower cost FHLB financing when necessary. As of September 30, 2017, the two subsidiary banks’ approved credit line with the FHLB totaled $5.5 billion. Advances from the FHLB were $595.0 million and standby letter of credits issued by FHLB on the Company’s behalf were $100.7 million as of September 30, 2017. The Bank expects to be able to continue to access this source of funding, if required, in the near term. The Bank has pledged a portion of its commercial loans to the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window under the Borrower-in-Custody program to secure these borrowings. As of September 30, 2017, the borrowing capacity under the Borrower-in-Custody program was $47.3 million.

 

Liquidity can also be provided through the sale of liquid assets, which consist of federal funds sold, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and unpledged investment securities. As of September 30, 2017, investment securities totaled $1.4 billion, with $291.4 million pledged as collateral for borrowings and other commitments. The remaining $1.1 billion was available as additional liquidity or to be pledged as collateral for additional borrowings.

 

Approximately 87.0% of the Company’s time deposits mature within one year or less as of September 30, 2017. Management anticipates that there may be some outflow of these deposits upon maturity due to, among other factors, the keen competition in the Bank’s marketplace. However, based on our historical run-off experience, we expect that the outflow will be minimal and can be replenished through our normal growth in deposits. Management believes the above-mentioned sources will provide adequate liquidity to the Bank to meet its daily operating needs.

 

The business activities of Bancorp consist primarily of the operation of the Bank and limited activities in other investments. The Bank paid dividends to Bancorp totaling $113.4 million in 2016 and $208.2 million in the first nine months of 2017.

 

Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

We use a net interest income simulation model to measure the extent of the differences in the behavior of the lending and funding rates to changing interest rates, so as to project future earnings or market values under alternative interest rate scenarios. Interest rate risk arises primarily through the Company’s traditional business activities of extending loans and accepting deposits. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates, and consumer preferences affect the spread between interest earned on assets and interest paid on liabilities. The net interest income simulation model is designed to measure the volatility of net interest income and net portfolio value, defined as net present value of assets and liabilities, under immediate rising or falling interest rate scenarios in 100 basis point increments.

 

 

Although the modeling is very helpful in managing interest rate risk, it does require significant assumptions for the projection of loan prepayment rates on mortgage related assets, loan volumes and pricing, and deposit and borrowing volume and pricing, that might prove inaccurate. Because these assumptions are inherently uncertain, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income, or precisely predict the effect of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes, the differences between actual experience and the assumed volume, changes in market conditions, and management strategies, among other factors. The Company monitors its interest rate sensitivity and attempts to reduce the risk of a significant decrease in net interest income caused by a change in interest rates.

 

We have established a tolerance level in our policy to define and limit net interest income volatility to a change of plus or minus 5% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. When the net interest rate simulation projects that our tolerance level will be met, or exceeded, we seek corrective action after considering, among other things, market conditions, customer reaction, and the estimated impact on profitability. The Company’s simulation model also projects the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities. We have established a tolerance level in our policy to limit the loss in the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities to zero when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points.

 

The table below shows the estimated impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income and market value of equity as of September 30, 2017:

 

 

     

Net Interest

   

Market Value

 
     

Income

   

of Equity

 

Change in Interest Rate (Basis Points)

 

Volatility (1)

   

Volatility (2)

 

+200

      8.9       3.1  

+100

      4.5       1.8  
-100       -1.9       4.9  
-200       -4.7       -0.9  

 

(1)

The percentage change in this column represents net interest income of the Company for 12 months in a stable interest rate environment versus the net interest income in the various rate scenarios.

(2)

The percentage change in this column represents the net portfolio value of the Company in a stable interest rate environment versus the net portfolio value in the various rate scenarios.

 

 

 

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

 

The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

 

There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

 

Bancorp’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Cathay Bank, is a party to ordinary routine litigation from time to time incidental to various aspects of its operations. Management does not believe that any such litigation is expected to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

 

Item 1A.     RISK FACTORS.

 

 

There is no material change in the risk factors as previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, in response to Item 1A in Part I of Form 10-K.

 

 

Item 2.     UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

 

 

 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 
 

Period

 

(a) Total

Number of

Shares (or Units)

Purchased

   

(b)

Average

Price Paid

per Share

(or Unit)

   

(c) Total

Number of

Shares

(or Units)

Purchased as

Part of

Publicly

Announced

Plans or

Programs

   

(d) Maximum

Number (or

Approximate

Dollar Value) of

Shares (or Units)

that May Yet Be

Purchased Under

the Plans or

Programs

 
 

Month #1 (July 1, 2017 - July 31, 2017)

    0       $0       0       $7,543,008  
 

Month #2 (August 1, 2017 - August 31, 2017)

    0       $0       0       $7,543,008  
 

Month #3 (September 1, 2017 - September 30, 2017)

    0       $0       0       $7,543,008  
 

Total

    0       $0       0       $7,543,008  

 

 

For a discussion of limitations on the payment of dividends, see “Dividend Policy” and “Liquidity under Part I—Item 2— “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

 

Item 3.     DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 4.     MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5.     OTHER INFORMATION.

 

None.

 

 

Item 6.     EXHIBITS.               

 

 

 

 

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.+

 

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.+

 

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.++

 

Exhibit 32.2

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.++

   

Exhibit 101.INS

XBRL Instance Document *

   

Exhibit 101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*

 

Exhibit 101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*

 

Exhibit 101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*

 

Exhibit 101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*

 

Exhibit 101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*

 

____________________

+

Filed herewith.

 

++

Furnished herewith.

 

*

XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information shall not be deemed to be filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, shall not be deemed to be filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise shall not be subject to liability under these sections, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

Cathay General Bancorp

(Registrant)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date: November 7, 2017    
     

 

/s/ Pin Tai

 

 

Pin Tai

Chief Executive Officer and President

 

 

 

 

     

Date: November 7, 2017

   
  /s/ Heng W. Chen  
 

Heng W. Chen

Executive Vice President and

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

68