CAVCO INDUSTRIES INC. - Annual Report: 2011 (Form 10-K)
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES & EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
þ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011
OR
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 000-08822
Cavco Industries, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 56-2405642 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
incorporation or organization) | ||
1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 800 | ||
Phoenix, Arizona | 85004 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
602-256-6263
(Registrants telephone number,
including area code)
(Registrants telephone number,
including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Name on each exchange on which registered | |
Common Stock, par value $0.01 | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC | |
(Global Select Market) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or
Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Date File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes
o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K
(§229.405 of this Chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of
registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in
Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer, or a small reporting company. See definitions of large accelerated filer,
accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer þ | Non-accelerated filer o | Smaller reporting company o | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates as of
September 30, 2010 (based on the closing price on the NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC on September 30,
2010) was $230,092,140. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer, director and holder of 5% or
more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed
affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination
for other purposes.
As of June 1, 2011, 6,821,356 shares of Registrants Common Stock, $.01 par value, were
outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of Cavco Industries, Inc.s definitive Proxy Statement relating to its 2011 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2011
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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EX-21 | ||||||||
EX-23 | ||||||||
EX-31.1 | ||||||||
EX-31.2 | ||||||||
EX-32.1 |
1
Table of Contents
PART I
ITEM 1. | BUSINESS |
General
Cavco Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was formed on June 30, 2003 as a successor
corporation to previous Cavco entities operating since 1965. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona,
the Company designs and produces factory-built homes, which are mainly distributed by a network of
retailers throughout most of the continental United States. The products we manufacture are sold
under a variety of brand names and are offered in a variety of floor plans and price ranges. We
are one of the largest producers of manufactured homes in the United States, based on reported
wholesale shipments. Cavco is also a leading producer of park model homes and vacation cabins in
the United States. Our business encompasses manufacturing operations and wholesale and retail
marketing. The terms Cavco, us, we, our, the Company, and any other similar terms refer
to Cavco Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated in this Form 10-K.
We produce homes constructed to the building standards of the U.S. Department of Housing and
Urban Development (HUD), International Residential Code, Uniform Building Code, and ANSI 119.5
Building Code. Our HUD code homes generally range in size from approximately 500 to 3,300 square
feet and typically include two to five bedrooms, a living room, dining room, kitchen and two or
more full bathrooms. Most of these are comprised of two or more modules that are joined together
at the home site; however, we also produce single-section homes. Our park model homes and
campground cabins are less than 400 square feet in size and are purchased primarily for use as
second homes, vacation homes or for seasonal retirement living. These homes are placed in planned
communities or recreational and resort properties. We also produce commercial structures for a
variety of purposes, such as portable offices, showrooms and banking facilities.
The Company and an investment partner, Third Avenue Value Fund (Third Avenue), acquired
certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. (FEI) on
August 17, 2009 (the Fleetwood Acquisition Date) through their jointly-owned corporation,
Fleetwood Homes, Inc. (Fleetwood Homes). The Fleetwood Homes transaction included seven
operating manufactured housing plants located in Nampa, Idaho; Woodburn, Oregon; Riverside,
California; Waco, Texas; Lafayette, Tennessee; Douglas, Georgia; and Rocky Mount, Virginia, and two
idle factories located in Woodland, California and Waco, Texas. Also, Fleetwood Homes purchased
all related equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, certain trademarks and trade names,
intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases and assumed express warranty liabilities
pertaining to certain of the previous operations. Third Avenue Management is an investment advisor
to Third Avenue and is a principal stockholder of the Company, as described further in Note 12 to
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Financial information for Fleetwood Homes is included in the Companys Consolidated Financial
Statements and the related Notes that appear in this Form 10-K. Fleetwood Homes was formed by the
Company and Third Avenue, with each contributing $35 million in exchange for equal ownership
interests. Although the Company holds a fifty-percent financial interest in Fleetwood Homes, its
results of operations are required to be fully consolidated in the Companys financial statements.
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Third Avenues financial interest in
Fleetwood Homes is considered a redeemable noncontrolling interest, as determined by U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), and is designated as such in the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Fleetwood Homes, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Palm Harbor Homes, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (Acquisition Co.), entered into an agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Palm
Harbor Homes, Inc., a Florida corporation, and certain of its subsidiaries (collectively Palm
Harbor) to purchase substantially all of the assets and assume specified liabilities of Palm
Harbor, pursuant to an auction process under Section 363 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. On March 1,
2011, Acquisition Co. was selected as the successful bidder in the court auction and Acquisition
Co. completed the purchase of the Palm Harbor assets and the assumption of specified liabilities
pursuant to the Amended and Restated Asset Purchase Agreement dated March 1, 2011. The effective
date of the transaction was April 23, 2011 (the Acquisition Date). The aggregate gross purchase
price was $83.9 million and is exclusive of transaction costs, specified liabilities assumed and
post-closing adjustments. Of the purchase price, (i) approximately $45.3 million was used to
retire the Debtor-In-Possession (DIP) loan previously made by Fleetwood Homes to Palm Harbor; and
(ii) $13.4 million was deposited in escrow pending regulatory approval to transfer the stock of
Standard Casualty Co. (a subsidiary of Palm Harbor) to Acquisition Co., at which time the escrowed
funds will be released to the Palm Harbor estate. The purchase price was funded by Fleetwood
Homes cash on hand, along with equal contributions of $36 million each from the Company and Third
Avenue.
Acquisition Co. acquired five operating manufactured housing production facilities, idled
factories in nine locations, 49 operating retail locations, one office building, real estate, all
related equipment, accounts receivable, customer deposits, inventory, certain trademarks and trade
names, intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases. In addition, Acquisition Co.
purchased all of the outstanding shares of CountryPlace Acceptance Corp., CountryPlace Mortgage,
Ltd. and their wholly-owned finance subsidiaries (collectively, CountryPlace). Acquisition Co.
also acquired all of the outstanding shares of Standard Insurance Agency, Inc. and its
wholly-owned insurance agency subsidiary, subject, however to a claw-back agreement to
return those shares to Palm Harbor if regulatory approval of the Standard Casualty Co. transfer
cannot be obtained, as described above. Further, Acquisition Co. assumed certain liabilities of
Palm Harbor, including primarily debt facilities of the finance subsidiaries and certain warranty
obligations (see Note 10).
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We construct our homes using an assembly-line process in which each section or floor is
assembled in stages. Our assembly-line process is designed to be flexible enough to accommodate
significant customization as requested by our customers. As of March 31, 2011, the Company
operated ten homebuilding facilities located in the Northwest, Southwest, South Central, South and
Mid-Atlantic regions. These factories range in size from 79,000 to 250,000 square feet. Effective
April 23, 2011, through the Palm Harbor transaction, we added five operating factories located in
Austin, Texas; Fort Worth, Texas; Martinsville, Virginia; Millersburg, Oregon; and Plant City,
Florida.
As of March 31, 2011, we distributed our homes through six Company-owned retail outlets and a
network of approximately 919 independent retail outlets in 36 states, Canada and Mexico. A
significant number of these independent retail outlets are located in Arizona, California and
Texas. Effective April 23, 2011, through the Palm Harbor transaction, the Company added 49
Company-owned and 135 independent retail outlets. Thirty-one of the Company-owned Palm Harbor
retail stores are located in Texas. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations Industry and Company Outlook.
Industry Overview
General. Manufactured housing provides an alternative in urban, suburban and rural areas to
other forms of new low-cost housing, such as site-built housing and condominiums, and to existing
housing such as pre-owned homes and apartments. According to statistics published by the Institute
for Building Technology and Safety (IBTS), and the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of
the Census, for the year ended December 31, 2010, manufactured housing wholesale shipments of HUD
code homes accounted for an estimated 10% of all new single-family housing starts and 14% of all
new single-family homes sold.
According to data reported by the Manufactured Housing Institute (MHI), during calendar year
2010, our industry shipped approximately 50,000 HUD code manufactured homes, one of the lowest
numbers since shipment statistics began to be recorded in 1959. This followed approximately 50,000
and 82,000 homes shipped in calendar years 2009 and 2008, respectively. Yearly home shipments from
2003 to 2009 were less than the annual home shipments for each of the 40 years from 1963 to 2002.
For the past 10- and 20-year periods, annual home shipments averaged 117,000 and 207,000,
respectively.
We believe the segment of the housing market in which manufactured housing is most competitive
includes consumers with household incomes under $40,000. This segment has a high representation of
young single persons and young married couples, as well as persons age 55 and older. The
comparatively low cost of fully-equipped manufactured housing attracts these consumers. Persons in
rural areas, where fewer housing alternatives exist, and those who presently live in manufactured
homes also make up a significant portion of the demand for new manufactured housing. Improvements
in engineering and design as well as efficiencies in production techniques continue to position
manufactured homes as viable options in meeting the demand for affordable housing in markets such
as rural areas and manufactured housing communities and parks. The markets for affordable
factory-built housing are very competitive as well as both cyclical and seasonal. The industry is
sensitive to the availability of financing, general economic conditions, employment levels and
consumer confidence.
Protracted Industry Downturn. Since mid-1999, the manufactured housing industry has
experienced a prolonged and significant downturn. This downturn has resulted in part from the fact
that, beginning in 1999, consumer lenders in the sector began to tighten underwriting standards and
curtail credit availability in response to higher than anticipated rates of loan defaults and
significant losses upon the repossession and resale of the manufactured homes securing defaulted
loans. In more recent years, the industrys downturn was exacerbated by the aggressive financing
methods available to customers of developers and marketers of standard site-built homes, which had
the effect of diverting potential manufactured housing buyers to more expensive site-built homes;
the global credit crisis; and general deterioration of economic conditions. These factors have
resulted in reduced wholesale shipments and excess manufacturing and retail locations.
As a result of the foregoing factors, based on industry data as of the end of 2010, the number
of active industry manufacturing facilities was 131, a decrease of 149 plants since the end of
2000, representing a 53% reduction. These industry conditions have adversely affected the results
of operations of all of the major producers of manufactured homes, including our Company.
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Business Strategies
Our marketing strategy is to offer a line of manufactured homes that appeal to a wide range of
homebuyers. Our principal focus is the mainstream market, which involves the sale of high-value
homes to entry-level and move-up buyers. We also market to special niches such as sub-division
developers, senior living community operations and vacation homebuyers.
Our production strategy is to develop and maintain the resources necessary to build to varied
and unique customer specifications in an efficient factory production environment. This enables us
to attract retailers and consumers who want the flexibility to build homes to meet their specific
needs, but still seek the value created by building a home on a factory production line.
Our competitive strategy is to build homes of superior quality, offer innovative designs and
floor plans, demonstrate exceptional value, and provide the engineering and technical resources to
enable custom home building and to be responsive and efficient in servicing the customer after the
sale. We strive to maintain a competitive advantage by reacting quickly to changes in the
marketplace and to the specific needs of our retailers and consumers.
Products
Most of our homes are constructed in accordance with the National Manufactured Home
Construction and Safety Standards promulgated by HUD. Approximately 85% of the homes we produced
in fiscal year 2011 were HUD code homes. The remaining homes we build are primarily park model
homes, which are constructed to standards approved by the American National Standards Institute, a
private, non-profit organization that administers and coordinates a voluntary standardization and
conformity program. We also produce modular homes, vacation cabins and commercial structures built
to state and local standards.
We produce a broad range of HUD code homes under various trade names and brand names and in a
variety of floor plans and price ranges. Substantially all of these homes are single-story homes.
Our HUD code homes generally range in size from approximately 500 to 3,300 square feet. In fiscal
year 2011, we sold 4,771 homes, of which 2,503 were multi-section. Included in single-section
homes sold are park model homes, which are less than 400 square feet in size and are purchased
primarily for use as second homes, vacation homes or retirement living and are placed in planned
communities or recreational home parks.
Each home contains a living room, dining area, kitchen, one to five bedrooms and one or more
bathrooms, and is equipped with central heating and hot water systems, kitchen appliances,
carpeting and window treatments. Feature upgrades include fireplaces, central air conditioning,
tile roofs, high ceilings, skylights, hardwood floors and cabinetry, granite countertops, and
energy conservation items. We also offer a variety of structural and decorative customizations to
meet the home buyers specifications. With manufacturing centers strategically positioned
across the nation, we utilize local market research to design homes to meet the demands of our
customers. We have the ability to react and modify floor plans and designs to consumers specific
needs. By offering a full range of homes from entry level models to large custom homes and with the
ability to engineer designs in-house, we can accommodate virtually any customer request. We also
build modular homes, park models and cabins, and light commercial buildings at many of our
manufacturing facilities.
During fiscal year 2011, our average wholesale sales price for a home was approximately
$35,000, excluding delivery. Retail sales prices of our HUD code homes, without land, generally
range from $23,000 to more than $153,000, depending upon size, floor plan, features and options.
Many of the homes we produce are sold in retail transactions covering both the home and the land on
which it is placed.
Our manufactured homes are constructed and equipped at our manufacturing facilities. The
finished home is then transported by independent trucking companies either to a retail sales
center, planned community, housing development or the customers site. Retailers or other
independent installers are responsible for placing the home on site and, in most instances,
arranging for connections to utilities and providing installation and finish-out services.
Although our manufactured homes are designed to be transportable, only a small percentage are ever
moved from their original site after installation.
Through the Palm Harbor acquisition, we have increased our capabilities to manufacture a broad
range of single and multi-section manufactured and modular homes under various brand names and in a
variety of floor plans and price ranges. While most of the homes built by Palm Harbor are
multi-section/modular ranch-style homes, we also build single-section homes, split-level homes,
cape cod style homes, two and three story homes and multi-family units such as apartments and
duplexes. Palm Harbor also produces commercial modular structures, including apartment buildings,
condominiums, hotels, schools and military barracks and other housing for U.S. military troops.
Commercial buildings are constructed in the same facilities in which we build our homes, using
similar assembly line processes and techniques. These commercial projects are generally engineered
to the purchasers specifications. The buildings are transported to the customers site in the
same manner as homes and are often set by crane at the site. Commercial projects are finished on
site.
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We are constantly introducing new floor plans, decors, exteriors, features and accessories to
appeal to changing trends in different regions of the country. Our factory-built homes are
designed after extensive field research and consumer feedback. We have developed engineering
systems which, through the use of computer-aided technology, permit customization of homes and
assist with product development and enhancement.
Manufacturing Operations
Our homes are constructed in plant facilities using an assembly-line process employing from 70
to 250 employees at each facility. Most of our homes are constructed in one or more sections (also
known as floors or modules) on a permanently affixed steel support chassis. Each section or floor
is assembled in stages beginning with the construction of the chassis, followed by the addition of
other constructed and purchased components, and ending with a final quality control inspection.
The efficiency of the assembly-line process and the benefits of constructing homes in a controlled
factory environment enable us to produce quality homes in less time and at a lower cost per square
foot than building homes on individual sites.
During fiscal year 2011, we operated ten manufacturing facilities in Phoenix and Goodyear,
Arizona; Nampa, Idaho; Woodburn, Oregon; Riverside, California; Seguin and Waco, Texas; Lafayette,
Tennessee; Douglas, Georgia; and Rocky Mount, Virginia. These manufacturing facilities range from
approximately 79,000 to 250,000 square feet of floor space. The production schedules for our
manufacturing facilities are based on wholesale and retail orders received from buyers, which
fluctuate from week to week. In general, however, our facilities are structured to operate on a
one shift per day, five days per week basis, and we currently manufacture a typical home in
approximately seven production days. During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2011, our rate of
production was approximately 30 sections per day.
Manufactured housing is a regional business and the primary geographic market for a typical
manufacturing facility is within a 350-mile radius. Each of our manufacturing facilities serves
between 50 to 140 retailers along with a large number of one-time purchasers. Because we produce
homes to fill existing wholesale and retail orders, our manufacturing plants generally do not carry
finished goods inventories, except for homes awaiting delivery.
The following table sets forth the total number of homes sold from our factories and the
number of manufacturing facilities which produced those homes for the fiscal years indicated:
Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Homes sold: |
||||||||||||
Single-section |
2,268 | 1,679 | 1,338 | |||||||||
Multi-section |
2,503 | 1,576 | 1,265 | |||||||||
Total homes sold |
4,771 | 3,255 | 2,603 | |||||||||
Operating manufacturing facilities at end of period |
10 | 10 | 4 |
The ten manufacturing facilities operating at March 31, 2010 were located in the Northwest,
Southwest, South Central, South and Mid-Atlantic regions. Effective April 23, 2011, through the
Palm Harbor transaction, we added five operating factories located in Austin, Texas; Fort Worth,
Texas; Martinsville, Virginia; Millersburg, Oregon; and Plant City, Florida
The principal materials used in the production of our manufactured homes include wood, wood
products, aluminum, steel, gypsum wallboard, windows, doors, fiberglass insulation, carpet, vinyl,
fasteners, appliances, electrical items and tires. We buy these materials from various third-party
manufacturers and distributors. The inability to obtain any materials used in the production of
our homes, whether resulting from material shortages, destruction of supplier facilities or other
events affecting production of component parts, may affect our ability to meet or maintain
production requirements.
At March 31, 2011, we had a backlog of home orders of approximately $5.9 million, compared to
a backlog of $5.4 million at March 31, 2010. Retailers may cancel orders prior to production
without penalty. After production of a particular home has commenced, the order becomes
noncancelable and the retailer is obligated to take delivery of the home. Accordingly, until
production of a particular home has commenced, we do not consider our order backlog to be firm
orders. Because of the seasonality of the housing market, the level of our order backlog
historically declines during the winter months.
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Sales and Distribution
The following table sets forth the number of homes sold by us through independent and
Company-owned distribution channels during the last three fiscal years, as well as the number of
independent retail outlets and Company-owned retail centers at the end of the applicable period.
The distribution channels are outlined as follows:
Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Homes sold through: |
||||||||||||
Independent retail outlets |
4,648 | 3,141 | 2,486 | |||||||||
Company-owned retail centers |
123 | 114 | 117 | |||||||||
Total homes sold |
4,771 | 3,255 | 2,603 | |||||||||
Number of independent retail outlets at the end of the period |
919 | 978 | 322 | |||||||||
Number of Company-owned retail centers at the end
of the period |
6 | 7 | 6 |
Independent Retailers. As of March 31, 2011, we had a network of 919 independent retail
outlets in 36 states, of which there were 148 in California, 143 in Texas, 86 in Arizona, 35 in
Florida, 34 in Georgia, 33 in North Carolina, 31 in Virginia, 30 in South Carolina, 29 in each of
Kentucky and Louisiana, and 28 in New Mexico, and the remaining 293 in 25 other states, Canada and
Mexico. As is common in the industry, our independent retailers typically sell manufactured homes
produced by other manufacturers in addition to those we produce. Some independent retailers
operate multiple sales outlets. No independent retailer accounted for 10% or more of our
manufacturing sales during any fiscal year within the three-year period ended March 31, 2011.
Effective April 23, 2011, through the Palm Harbor transaction, the Company added 49 Company-owned
and 135 independent retail outlets.
We continually seek to increase our wholesale shipments by growing sales at our existing
independent retailers and by finding new independent retailers to sell our homes. We provide
comprehensive sales training to retail sales associates and bring them to our manufacturing
facilities for product training and to view new product designs as they are developed. These
training seminars facilitate the sale of our homes by increasing the skill and knowledge of the
retail sales consultants. In addition, we display our products in trade shows and support our
retailers through the distribution of floor plan literature, brochures, decor boards and point of
sale promotional material.
Independent retailers frequently finance a portion of their home purchases through wholesale
floor plan financing arrangements. In most cases, we receive a deposit or a commitment from the
retailers lender for each home ordered. We then manufacture the home and ship it at the
retailers expense. Payment is due from the lender upon the acceptance by the retailer of the
product. For a description of wholesale floor plan financing arrangements used by independent
retailers and our obligations in connection with these arrangements, see Financing Wholesale
Financing below.
Company-Owned Retail Sales Centers. As of March 31, 2011, we had a total of 6 Company-owned
retail centers, located in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. Effective April 23, 2011, through the
Palm Harbor transaction, the Company added 49 Company-owned retail outlets, located in Florida,
Louisiana, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Virginia and Washington. Thirty-one
of the Company-owned Palm Harbor retail stores are located in Texas. Each of our Company-owned
retail sales centers has a sales office, which is generally a factory-built structure, and a
variety of model homes of various sizes, floor plans, features and prices. Customers may purchase
a home from an inventory of homes maintained at the location, including a model home, or may order
a home that will be built at a manufacturing facility. Our Company-owned sales centers are
generally located on a main road or highway for high visibility. Model homes may be displayed in a
residential setting with sidewalks and landscaping. Each sales center usually employs a manager
and three or four salespersons. As of March 31, 2011, Company-owned sales centers had an average
inventory of 7 new homes per location. This number of homes in inventory includes homes delivered
to a consumer home site but not yet recorded as a sale. We internally finance our inventories.
Our Company-owned retail centers employ salespersons who are compensated through a combination of
salary and commission. Retail centers do not have administrative staff, as we perform most
administrative functions at our corporate headquarters.
Warranties. We provide the retail home buyer a one-year limited warranty covering defects in
material or workmanship in home structure, plumbing and electrical systems. Nonstructural
components of a cosmetic nature are warranted for 120 days, except in specific cases where state
laws require longer warranty terms. Our warranty does not extend to installation and setup of the
home, which is generally arranged by the retailer. Appliances, carpeting, roofing and certain other
components are warranted by their original manufacturer for various lengths of time. Refer to our
discussion of the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Federal Trade
Commission Improvement Act under Government Regulation
beginning on page 9.
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Financing
Wholesale Financing. During fiscal year 2011, approximately 30% of our wholesale sales to
independent retailers were purchased through wholesale floor plan financing arrangements. Under a
typical floor plan financing arrangement, an independent financial institution specializing in this
line of business provides the retailer with a loan for the purchase price of the home and maintains
a security interest in the home as collateral. The financial institution customarily requires us,
as the manufacturer of the home, to enter into a separate repurchase agreement with the financial
institution under which we are obligated, upon default by the retailer and under certain other
circumstances, to repurchase the financed home at declining prices over the term of the repurchase
agreement (which in most cases is 18 to 36 months). The price at which we may be obligated to
repurchase a home under these agreements is based upon our original invoice price plus certain
administrative and shipping expenses. Our obligation under these repurchase agreements ceases upon
the purchase of the home by the retail customer. The maximum amount of our contingent obligations
under such repurchase agreements was approximately $11.1 million as of March 31, 2011. The risk of
loss under these agreements is spread over many retailers and is further reduced for the resale
value of the homes.
Inventory financing for the industrys wholesale distribution chain continues to be in short
supply. Faced with illiquid capital markets in late calendar year 2008, each of the manufactured
housing sectors remaining inventory finance companies (floor plan lenders) initiated significant
changes, including one companys announcement to cease its lending activities in this industry
entirely. The involvement of others is subject to more restrictive terms that continue to evolve.
In connection with certain of these participation inventory finance programs, the Company provides
a significant amount of the funds that independent financiers lend to distributors to finance
retail inventories of our products. In addition, the Company has entered into direct inventory
finance arrangements with distributors of our products under which the Company provides all of the
inventory finance funds (see Note 3). The Companys participation in inventory finance has
increased the availability of manufactured home inventory financing to distributors of our
products. We believe that our expanding involvement in the wholesale financing of inventory is
quite helpful to retailers and allows our homes continued exposure to potential homebuyers. These
initiatives support the Companys ongoing efforts to expand our distribution base in all of our
markets with existing and new customers. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for
related revenue recognition implications.
Consumer Financing. Sales of factory-built homes are significantly affected by the
availability and cost of consumer financing. There are three basic types of consumer financing in
the factory-built housing industry: chattel or personal property loans for purchasers of a home
with no real estate involved (generally HUD-code homes); non-conforming mortgages for purchasers of
the home and the land on which the home is placed; and mortgage loans which comply with the
requirements of Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie
Mae), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), or Veterans Administration loans (VA).
The majority of modular homes are financed with conventional real estate mortgages. Beginning in
mid-1999, lenient credit standards for chattel loans led to increased numbers of repossessions of
manufactured homes and excessive inventory levels. The poor performance of manufactured home loan
portfolios made it difficult for consumer finance companies in the industry to obtain long-term
capital in the asset-backed securitization market. As a result, many consumer finance companies
curtailed their lending or exited the manufactured housing loan industry entirely. Since then, the
lenders who remained in the business tightened their credit standards and increased their fees and
interest rates for chattel loans which reduced lending volumes and lowered sales volumes of
manufactured homes.
The American Housing Rescue and Foreclosure Prevention Act was enacted in 2008 to provide
assistance by way of legislation for the housing industry, including the manufactured housing
industry. Among other things, this legislation provides for increased loan limits for chattel
(home-only Title I) loans to $69,678, up 43% from the previous limit of $48,600 set in 1992. New
FHA Title I program guidelines became effective on June 1, 2010. On June 10, 2010, the Government
National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) began accepting applications by lenders for
participation as issuers of mortgage backed securities backed by Title I loans originated under the
new program. Ginnie Mae released related pooling guidelines in November 2010. The issuance of
these guidelines provides Ginnie Mae the ability to securitize manufactured home FHA Title I loans.
Chattel loans have languished in recent years and these changes are meant to provide a new source
of lending capital to the industry, which can then be used to fund new loans for our customers.
However, a meaningful positive impact from these changes in the form of increased home orders at
our factories has yet to be realized.
Consumer financing for the retail purchase of manufactured homes needs to become more
available before marked emergence from current low sales volume can occur. Restrictive
underwriting guidelines, irregular appraisal processes, higher interest rates compared to
site-built homes, regulatory burdens, reductions in the number of institutions lending to
manufactured home buyers and limited secondary market availability for manufactured home loans are
significant restraints to industry growth. We are working directly and through industry trade
associations to encourage favorable legislative and government-sponsored enterprise action to
address the mortgage financing needs of potential buyers of affordable homes. Although limited
progress has been made in this area, it has not yet generated a meaningful increase in home orders
at our factories.
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Financial Services
As a result of the Palm Harbor acquisition, effective April 23, 2011, we have entered into the
manufactured housing consumer finance and property and casualty insurance lines of business.
Finance. We provide a source of homebuyer financing to our customers on competitive terms
through our subsidiary, CountryPlace. CountryPlace offers conforming mortgages to purchasers of
factory-built homes sold by Company-owned retail sales centers and certain independent retail
dealers, builders and developers. CountryPlace is an approved seller-servicer with Fannie Mae, is
approved by HUD to originate FHA-insured mortgages under its Direct Endorsement program, and is
approved to issue Ginnie Mae mortgage-backed securities. The loans originated through CountryPlace
are sold to investors. CountryPlace also provides various loan origination and servicing functions
for non-affiliated entities under contract.
All of CountryPlaces loan contracts held are fixed rate and have monthly scheduled payments
of principal and interest. The scheduled payments for each contract would, if made on their
respective due dates, result in a full amortization of the contract. Loan contracts
secured by collateral that is geographically concentrated could experience higher rates of
delinquencies, default and foreclosure losses than loan contracts secured by collateral that is
more geographically dispersed. CountryPlace has loan contracts secured by factory-built homes
located in thirty states, including the key states of Texas, Florida, Arizona and New Mexico.
Changes in laws or other events that adversely affect liquidity in the secondary mortgage
market could hurt our business. The government-sponsored enterprises, principally Fannie Mae,
Ginnie Mae and Freddie Mac, play a significant role in buying home mortgages and creating
investment securities that are either sold to investors or held in their portfolios. These
organizations provide liquidity to the secondary mortgage market and have recently experienced
financial difficulties. Any new federal laws or regulations that restrict or curtail their
activities, or any other events or conditions that prevent or restrict these enterprises from
continuing their historic businesses, could affect the ability of our customers to obtain the
mortgage loans or could increase mortgage interest rates, fees, and credit standards, which could
reduce demand for our homes and/or the loans that we originate and adversely affect our results of
operations.
We believe that providing financing alternatives to our customers improves our responsiveness
to the financing needs of prospective purchasers and provides us with additional sources of loan
origination and servicing revenues.
Insurance. We acquired all of the outstanding shares of Standard Insurance Agency, Inc. and
its wholly-owned insurance agency subsidiary, subject, however to a claw-back agreement to return
those shares to Palm Harbor if regulatory approval of the Standard Casualty Co. transfer cannot be
obtained (see Note 10).
Standard Casualty Co. and Standard Insurance Agency specialize in homeowner property and
casualty insurance products for the manufactured housing industry, primarily serving the Texas,
Georgia, Arizona and New Mexico markets. In Texas, the policies are written through one affiliated
managing general agent, which produces all premiums, except surety, through local agents, most of
which are manufactured home dealers. All business outside the state of Texas is written on a
direct basis through local agents.
Competition
The manufactured housing industry is highly competitive at both the manufacturing and retail
levels, with competition based upon several factors, including price, product features, reputation
for service and quality, depth of distribution, promotion, merchandising and the terms of retail
customer financing. We compete with at least 45 other producers of manufactured homes, as well as
companies offering for sale homes repossessed from wholesalers or consumers. In addition,
manufactured homes compete with new and existing site-built homes, as well as apartments,
townhouses and condominiums.
In addition to us, there are a number of other national manufacturers competing for a
significant share of the manufactured housing market in the United States, including Clayton Homes,
Inc., Champion Enterprises Holding, LLC and Skyline Corporation. Certain of our competitors
possess substantially greater financial, manufacturing, distribution and marketing resources.
Although many lenders to the factory-built housing industry have reduced their volume or
exited the business, there are still competitors to CountryPlace in the markets we serve. These
competitors include national, regional and local banks, independent finance companies, mortgage
brokers and mortgage banks. Although the market is highly fragmented, especially for conforming
mortgage products, chattel financing is consolidating among a few remaining national lenders: 21st
Mortgage Corporation, an affiliate of Clayton Homes, Inc. and Berkshire Hathaway, Inc.; and U.S.
Bank Manufactured Housing Finance. Each of these competitors is larger than CountryPlace and has
access to substantially more capital and cost efficiencies than CountryPlace.
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Government Regulation
Our manufactured homes are subject to a number of federal, state and local laws, codes and
regulations. Construction of manufactured housing is governed by the National Manufactured Housing
Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, as amended, or the Home Construction Act. In 1976,
HUD issued regulations under the Home Construction Act establishing comprehensive national
construction standards. The HUD regulations, known collectively as the Federal Manufactured Home
Construction and Safety Standards, cover all aspects of manufactured home construction, including
structural integrity, fire safety, wind loads, thermal protection and ventilation. Such regulations
preempt conflicting state and local regulations on such matters, and are subject to periodic
change. Our manufacturing facilities, and the plans and specifications of the HUD code manufactured
homes they produce, have been approved by a HUD-certified inspection agency. Further, an
independent HUD-certified third-party inspector regularly reviews our manufactured homes for
compliance with the HUD regulations during construction. Failure to comply with applicable HUD
regulations could expose us to a wide variety of sanctions, including mandated closings of our
manufacturing facilities. We believe our manufactured homes are in substantial compliance with all
present HUD requirements. Our park model homes are not subject to HUD regulations, but we believe
that our park model homes meet all present standards of the American National Standards Institute.
Manufactured and site-built homes are all typically built with wood products that contain
formaldehyde resins. HUD regulates the allowable concentrations of formaldehyde in certain products
used in manufactured homes and requires manufacturers to warn purchasers as to
formaldehyde-associated risks. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other governmental
agencies have in the past evaluated the effects of formaldehyde. We use materials in our
manufactured homes that meet HUD standards for formaldehyde emissions and believe we comply with
HUD and other applicable government regulations in this regard.
The transportation of manufactured homes on highways is subject to regulation by various
federal, state and local authorities. Such regulations may prescribe size and road use limitations
and impose lower than normal speed limits and various other requirements.
We have leased space for our manufacturing facility in Goodyear, Arizona since 1993. The
leased premise is part of what is referred to as the Phoenix-Goodyear Airport (South) Superfund
Site (PGAS), which was designated as a National Priorities List (NPL) site under the authority of
the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act in 1983. The reason for
the sites NPL designation was because of extensive soil and groundwater contamination
(trichloroethylene or TCE, chromium and cadmium) that resulted from historic manufacturing at the
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company and the United States Department of Defense.
Pursuant to a consent decree entered into with the EPA, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company
is responsible for taking certain remedial actions at the PGAS site. In February 2010, the EPA
completed its five-year review of the PGAS site and reported that the contaminant concentrations in
groundwater at the site have been reduced, and treated groundwater from the treatment systems has
met cleanup goals throughout that period of operation. Nonetheless, the groundwater still contains
contaminant levels above specified cleanup goals as the remediation progresses. The EPAs
five-year review identified several issues regarding the ongoing effectiveness of the remedy and
several new issues regarding possible presence of trace metals, vapor intrusion, institutional
controls, ecological risks, and migration, all of which the EPA is addressing.
Our lease specifically refers to the consent decree with the EPA and provides that, as between
our Landlord (now JRC Goodyear, LLC) and us, the Landlord will be responsible for any liabilities
resulting from the existing contamination at the site and that the Landlord will indemnify, defend,
and hold us, our directors, our officers, our employees, our agents, and our successors, harmless
for such liabilities. During the eighteen years that we have conducted manufacturing operations at
the Goodyear, Arizona facility, we have never received any inquiry or notice from the EPA or the
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality suggesting that we may be liable for any costs
associated with the remediation of the PGAS site. There are no underground storage tanks at the
Goodyear, Arizona facility.
Our manufactured homes are subject to local zoning and housing regulations. In certain cities
and counties in areas where our homes are sold, local governmental ordinances and regulations have
been enacted which restrict the placement of manufactured homes on privately-owned land or which
require the placement of manufactured homes in manufactured home communities. Such ordinances and
regulations may adversely affect our ability to sell homes for installation in communities where
they are in effect. A number of states have adopted procedures governing the installation of manufactured homes.
Utility connections are subject to state and local regulations which must be complied with by the
retailer or other person installing the home.
Certain warranties we issue may be subject to the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Federal Trade
Commission Improvement Act (Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act), which regulates the descriptions of
warranties on consumer products. In the case of warranties subject to the Magnuson-Moss Warranty
Act, the Company is subject to a number of additional regulatory requirements. For example,
warranties that are subject to the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act must be included in a single
easy-to-read document that is generally made available prior to purchase. The Magnuson-Moss
Warranty Act also prohibits certain attempts to disclaim or modify implied warranties and the use
of deceptive or misleading terms. A claim for a violation of the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act can be
the subject of an action in federal court in which consumers may be able to recover attorneys
fees. The description and substance of our warranties are also subject to a variety of state laws
and regulations. A number of states require manufactured home producers to post bonds to ensure the
satisfaction of consumer warranty claims.
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A variety of laws affect the financing of the homes we manufacture. The Federal Consumer
Credit Protection Act (Truth-in-Lending) and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder require written
disclosure of information relating to such financing, including the amount of the annual percentage
rate and the finance charge. The Federal Fair Credit Reporting Act also requires certain
disclosures to potential customers concerning credit information used as a basis to deny credit.
The Federal Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated thereunder prohibit
discrimination against any credit applicant based on certain specified grounds. The Real Estate
Settlement Procedures Act and Regulation X promulgated thereunder require certain disclosures
regarding the nature and costs of real estate settlements. The Federal Trade Commission has
adopted or proposed various Trade Regulation Rules dealing with unfair credit and collection
practices and the preservation of consumers claims and defenses. Installment sales contracts
eligible for inclusion in a Government National Mortgage Association program are subject to the
credit underwriting requirements of the Federal Housing Association. A variety of state laws also
regulate the form of the installment sale contracts or financing documents and the allowable
deposits, finance charge and fees chargeable pursuant to installment sale contracts or financing
documents.
Our sale of insurance products is subject to various state insurance laws and regulations
which govern allowable charges and other insurance practices. Palm Harbors insurance operations
are regulated by the state insurance boards where they underwrite their policies. Underwriting,
premiums, investments and capital reserves (including dividend payments to stockholders) are
subject to the rules and regulations of these state agencies.
Governmental authorities have the power to enforce compliance with their regulations, and
violations may result in the payment of fines, the entry of injunctions or both. Although we
believe that our operations are in substantial compliance with the requirements of all applicable
laws and regulations, these requirements have generally become more strict in recent years.
Accordingly, we are unable to predict the ultimate cost of compliance with all applicable laws and
enforcement policies.
Seasonality
Our business is seasonal. Generally we experience higher sales volume during the months of
March through October. Our sales are slower during the winter months and shipments can be delayed
in areas of the country that experience harsh weather conditions.
Employees
As of March 31, 2011, we had approximately 1,250 employees. As of April 23, 2011, and in
conjunction with the Palm Harbor transaction, we hired approximately 1,200 employees, for a total
of 2,450 employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.
Available Information
We make available free of charge on or through our internet site, www.cavco.com, the
following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or
furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): the Annual Report on Form 10-K, the
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, the Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those Reports
filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(Exchange Act).
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
Our business involves a number of risks and uncertainties. You should carefully consider the
following risks, together with the information provided elsewhere in this Annual Report. The items
described below are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks that are currently unknown to
us or that we currently consider to be immaterial may also impair our business or adversely affect
our financial condition or results of operations.
We operate in an industry that is currently experiencing a prolonged and significant downturn
Since mid-1999, the manufactured housing industry has experienced a prolonged and significant
downturn. This downturn has resulted in part from the fact that, beginning in 1999, consumer
lenders in the sector began to tighten underwriting standards and curtail credit availability in
response to higher than anticipated rates of loan defaults and significant losses upon the
repossession and resale of manufactured homes securing defaulted loans. In more recent years, the
industrys downturn was exacerbated by the aggressive financing methods available to customers of
developers and marketers of standard site-built homes which had the effect of diverting potential
manufactured housing buyers to more expensive site-built homes, the global credit crisis, and
general deterioration of economic conditions. These factors have resulted in reduced wholesale
shipments and excess manufacturing and retail locations.
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As a result of the foregoing factors, based on industry data as of the end of 2010, the number
of active industry manufacturing facilities has dropped by 149 plants to 131, representing a 53%
reduction since the end of 2000.
The availability of consumer financing for the purchase of manufactured homes continues to be
constrained, as discussed below. Although it is difficult to predict future industry conditions,
the current market environment tends to indicate that a sustained recovery in the manufactured
housing industry is unlikely to occur in the near term.
If current industry conditions continue or get materially worse, we may be required to take
steps in an attempt to mitigate the effect of unfavorable industry conditions, such as the closure
of facilities or consolidation of existing operations. These steps could impair our ability to
conduct our business in a manner consistent with past practice and could make it more difficult for
us to expand our operations if and when industry conditions improve. Furthermore, some of these
steps could lead to fixed asset, goodwill or other impairment charges.
We may not be able to complete the acquisition of Standard Casualty Co. and successfully integrate
Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor, and any future acquisition or attain the anticipated benefits and the
acquisition of Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor and other future acquisitions may adversely impact the
Companys liquidity
On April 23, 2011, subsequent to our March fiscal year-end, a subsidiary of Fleetwood Homes,
Inc., owned 50% by Cavco and 50% by Third Avenue Value Fund, purchased substantially all of the
assets and certain liabilities of Palm Harbor Homes, Inc., a Florida corporation. Palm Harbor is a
manufacturer and marketer of factory-built housing and a provider of related consumer financing and
insurance products. The aggregate gross purchase price was $83.9 million and is exclusive of
transaction costs, specified liabilities assumed and post-closing adjustments. Of the purchase
price, approximately $45.3 million was used to retire the debtor-in-possession loan previously made
by Fleetwood Homes to Palm Harbor, and $13.4 million was deposited in escrow pending regulatory
sale approval for the stock of Standard Casualty Co., at which time the escrowed funds will be
released to the Palm Harbor estate. In addition, we purchased all of the outstanding shares of
CountryPlace Acceptance Corp., CountryPlace Mortgage, Ltd. and their wholly-owned finance
subsidiaries. We also acquired all of the outstanding shares of Standard Insurance Agency, Inc.
and its wholly-owned insurance agency subsidiary, subject, however to a claw-back agreement to
return those shares to Palm Harbor if regulatory approval of the Standard Casualty Co. transfer
cannot be obtained, as described above. Further, we assumed certain liabilities of Palm Harbor,
including primarily debt facilities of the finance subsidiaries and certain warranty obligations.
The purchase price was funded by Fleetwood Homes cash on hand, along with contributions of $36
million each from Cavco and Third Avenue (see Notes 10 and 12).
We completed the acquisition of certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of
Fleetwood Homes in fiscal year 2010. We may also consider other strategic acquisitions if such
opportunities arise. Any transactions that we consider may involve a number of risks, including
the diversion of our managements attention from our existing business for those transactions that
we complete, or possible adverse effects on our operating results during the integration process
and on our liquidity. In addition, we may not be able to successfully or profitably integrate,
operate, maintain and manage the newly acquired operations or employees of Fleetwood Homes, Palm
Harbor, or potential future acquisitions or complete the acquisition of the stock of Standard
Casualty Co. We may not be able to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies,
which may lead to operational inefficiencies.
Our expansion of retail and manufacturing businesses and entry into new lines of business, namely
manufactured housing consumer finance and insurance, through the Palm Harbor transaction could
expose the Company to additional risks
As a result of the Palm Harbor acquisition effective April 23, 2011, we have significantly
expanded our manufactured housing retail and manufacturing businesses and entered into new
manufactured housing consumer finance and property and casualty insurance lines of business. These
new businesses may expose the Company to additional risks and uncertainties.
As of March 31, 2011, the Company operated ten homebuilding facilities located in the
Northwest, Southwest, South Central, South and Mid-Atlantic regions. With the acquisition of Palm
Harbor, we increased our geographic reach by adding five operating factory-built housing production
facilities in four states, idled factories in nine locations and 49 company-owned retail sales
centers and builder locations in nine states. These Palm Harbor locations are in the same regions
as the Companys legacy business, plus Florida. The transaction significantly increased our
presence in Texas by adding factories in the cities of Ft. Worth and Austin to our
existing manufacturing facilities in Seguin and Waco. Of Palm Harbors company-owned sales
centers, 31 are located in Texas. While Texas has lagged the national recession to a certain
extent, a further decline in the economic conditions of Texas could have a material adverse effect
on our results of operations as well.
CountryPlace offers conforming mortgages to purchasers of factory-built homes sold by
Company-owned retail sales centers and certain independent retail dealers, builders and developers.
CountryPlace is an approved seller-servicer with Fannie Mae, is approved by HUD to originate
FHA-insured mortgages under its Direct Endorsement program, and is approved to issue Ginnie Mae
mortgage-backed securities. The loans originated through CountryPlace are sold to investors.
CountryPlace also provides various loan origination and servicing functions for non-affiliated
entities under contract.
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Changes in laws or other events that adversely affect liquidity in the secondary mortgage
market could hurt our business. The government-sponsored enterprises, principally Fannie Mae,
Ginnie Mae and Freddie Mac, play a significant role in buying home mortgages and creating
investment securities that they either sell to investors or hold in their portfolios. These
organizations provide liquidity to the secondary mortgage market and have recently experienced
financial difficulties. Any new federal laws or regulations that restrict or curtail their
activities, or any other events or conditions that prevent or restrict these enterprises from
continuing their historic businesses, could affect the ability of our customers to obtain the
mortgage loans or could increase mortgage interest rates, fees, and credit standards, which could
reduce demand for our homes and/or the loans that we originate and adversely affect our results of
operations.
If CountryPlaces customers are unable to repay their loans, CountryPlace may be adversely
affected. CountryPlace makes loans to borrowers that it believes are creditworthy based
on its credit guidelines. However, the ability of these customers to repay their loans may be
affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to: national, regional and local
economic conditions; changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; natural hazard
risks affecting the region in which the borrower resides; and employment, financial or life
circumstances.
If customers do not repay their loans, CountryPlace may repossess or foreclose in order to
liquidate its loan collateral and minimize losses. The homes and land securing the loans are
subject to fluctuating market values, and proceeds realized from liquidating repossessed or
foreclosed property are highly susceptible to adverse movements in collateral values. Recent and
continued trends in general house price depreciation and increasing levels of unemployment may
result in additional defaults and exacerbate actual loss severities upon collateral liquidation
beyond those normally experienced by CountryPlace.
Some of the loans CountryPlace has originated or may originate in the future may not have a
liquid market, or the market may contract rapidly in the future and the loans may become illiquid.
Although CountryPlace offers loan products and prices its loans at levels that it believes are
marketable at the time of credit application approval, market conditions for mortgage-related loans
have deteriorated rapidly and significantly recently. CountryPlaces ability to respond to changing
market conditions is bound by credit approval and funding commitments it makes in advance of loan
completion. In this environment, it is difficult to predict the types of loan products and
characteristics that may be susceptible to future market curtailments and tailor our loan offerings
accordingly. As a result, no assurances can be given that the market value of our loans will not
decline in the future, or that a market will continue to exist for loan products.
Standard Casualty Co. and Standard Insurance Agency specialize in the manufactured housing
industry, primarily serving the Texas, Georgia, Arizona and New Mexico markets. In Texas, the
policies are written through one affiliated managing general agent, which produces all premiums,
except surety, through local agents, most of which are manufactured home dealers. All business
outside the state of Texas is written on a direct basis through local agents. Property and
casualty insurance companies are subject to certain Risk-Based Capital requirements as specified by
the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Under those requirements, the amount of
capital and surplus maintained by a property and casualty insurance company is to be determined
based on the various risk factors related to it.
Tightened credit standards, curtailed lending activity by home-only lenders and increased
government lending regulations have contributed to a constrained consumer financing market
Consumers who buy our manufactured homes have historically secured retail financing from
third-party lenders. The availability, terms and costs of retail financing depend on the lending
practices of financial institutions, governmental policies and economic and other conditions, all
of which are beyond our control. Legislation, including certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall
Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act may adversely affect the availability and cost of
manufactured home loans. A consumer seeking to finance the purchase of a manufactured home without
land will generally pay a higher interest rate and have a shorter loan maturity than a consumer
seeking to finance the purchase of land and the home. In addition, home-only financing is at times
more difficult to obtain than financing for site-built homes. Since 1999, home-only lenders have
tightened the credit underwriting standards and increased interest rates for loans to purchase
manufactured homes, which have reduced lending volumes which has negatively impacted our sales.
Most of the national lenders who have historically provided home-only loans have exited this sector
of the industry. Conseco Finance Corp. (Conseco Finance) was historically one of the largest
originators of home-only loans in the
manufactured housing industry. In December 2002, Conseco Inc., the parent company of Conseco
Finance, filed for bankruptcy protection and ceased its lending activities. In May 2004, JPMorgan
Chase Bank N.A., the lender with the largest loan origination volume in the home-only financing
market at that time, announced it was ceasing its manufactured housing lending activities. In
March 2008, Origen Financial, Inc. (Origen) announced that it was suspending originations of
manufactured home loans as a result of unfavorable conditions in the secondary market for its
loans. Another major lender, 21st Mortgage Corporation, citing unreliable and
inadequate sources of funding, announced in January 2009 that it was significantly curtailing its
retail lending program. Remaining retail lenders such as Triad Financial Services, Inc. (Triad),
U.S. Bank, and CU Factory Built Lending have tightened their loan underwriting standards. If other
lenders do not absorb the volume of loans previously made by these lenders, we could experience
further retail and manufacturing sales declines.
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The availability of wholesale financing for industry retailers is limited due to a reduced number
of floor plan lenders and reduced lending limits
Manufactured housing retailers generally finance their inventory purchases with wholesale
floor plan financing provided by lending institutions. The availability of wholesale financing is
significantly affected by the number of floor plan lenders and their lending limits. During the
past seven years, a substantial number of wholesale lenders have exited the industry or curtailed
their floor plan operations. Conseco Finance was historically the largest floor plan lender,
previously providing about 25% of the industrys wholesale financing. Conseco Finance discontinued
approving and funding new floor plan loan requests in April 2002 and filed for bankruptcy
protection in December 2002. With Conseco Finances exit, Deutsche Financial Services was the
largest remaining floor plan lender, providing approximately 20% of the industrys wholesale
financing. Deutsche Financial Services discontinued approving and funding new floor plan loan
requests in November 2002 and proceeded to liquidate its existing floor plan receivables. In
recent years, the Companys independent retailers have relied primarily on GE Commercial
Distribution Finance, Textron Financial Corporation and 21st Mortgage Corporation,
national lending institutions that have specialized in providing wholesale floor plan financing to
manufactured housing retailers. As a result of the current credit crisis, in the last half of
2008, each of these remaining national floor plan lenders substantially curtailed their lending
activities, and Textron Financial Corporation announced its exit from the business. We are
concerned that floor plan financing providers could further reduce their levels of floor plan
lending. Reduced availability of floor plan lending negatively affects the inventory levels of our
independent retailers, the number of retail sales center locations and related wholesale demand,
and adversely affects the availability of and our access to capital on an ongoing basis.
Our operating results could be affected by market forces and declining housing demand
As a participant in the homebuilding industry, we are subject to market forces beyond our
control. These market forces include employment and employment growth, interest rates, consumer
confidence, land availability and development costs, apartment vacancy levels, and the health of
the general economy. Unfavorable changes in any of the above factors or other issues could have an
adverse effect on our sales and earnings.
We have incurred net losses in certain prior periods and there can be no assurance that we will
generate income in the future
Since becoming a stand-alone public company, we have generated net income each complete fiscal
year, except for fiscal year 2010, in which we incurred net losses attributable in substantial part
to the downturn affecting the manufactured housing industry, which is discussed in detail above.
The likelihood that we will generate net income in the future must be considered in light of the
difficulties facing the manufactured housing industry as a whole, economic conditions, the
competitive environment in which we operate and the other risks and uncertainties discussed in this
Annual Report. There can be no assurance that we will generate net income in the future.
A write-off of all or part of our goodwill could adversely affect our operating results and net
worth
As of March 31, 2011, 25% of our total assets consisted of goodwill, all of which is
attributable to our manufacturing operations. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards
Board Accounting Standards Codification (FASB ASC) 350, IntangiblesGoodwill and Other (ASC
350), we review goodwill at least annually for impairment by reporting unit and record an
impairment charge if the implied fair value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, is less than
its carrying value. If goodwill has become impaired, we charge the impairment as an expense in the
period in which the impairment occurred. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations Critical Accounting Policies and Note 1 to our Consolidated
Financial Statements. Our goodwill could be impaired if developments affecting our manufacturing
operations or the markets in which we produce manufactured homes lead us to conclude that the cash
flows we expect to derive from our manufacturing operations will be substantially reduced. A write
off of all or part of our goodwill could adversely affect our results of operations and financial
condition.
The cyclical and seasonal nature of the manufactured housing industry causes our revenues and
operating results to fluctuate, and we expect this cyclicality and seasonality to continue in the
future
The manufactured housing industry is highly cyclical and seasonal and is influenced by many
national and regional economic and demographic factors including the availability of consumer
financing for homebuyers, the availability of wholesale financing for retailers, seasonality of
demand, consumer confidence, interest rates, demographic and employment trends, income levels,
housing demand, general economic conditions, including inflation and recessions, and the
availability of suitable home sites.
As a result of the foregoing economic, demographic and other factors, our revenues and
operating results fluctuate, and we expect them to continue to fluctuate in the future. Moreover,
we have and may continue to experience operating losses during cyclical downturns in the
manufactured housing market.
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Our liquidity and ability to raise capital may be limited
We may need to obtain debt or additional equity financing in the future. The type, timing and
terms of the financing selected by us will depend on, among other things, our cash needs, the
availability of other financing sources and prevailing conditions in the financial markets. There
can be no assurance that any of these sources will be available to us at any time or that they will
be available on satisfactory terms.
We have contingent repurchase obligations related to wholesale financing provided to industry
retailers
In accordance with customary business practice in the manufactured housing industry, we have
entered into repurchase agreements with various financial institutions and other credit sources who
provide floor plan financing to industry retailers, which provide that we will be obligated, under
certain circumstances, to repurchase homes sold to retailers in the event of a default by a
retailer in its obligation to such credit sources. Under these agreements, we have agreed to
repurchase homes at declining prices over the term of the agreement (which in most cases is 18 to
36 months). The maximum amount of our contingent obligations under such repurchase agreements was
approximately $11.1 million as of March 31, 2011, without reduction for the resale value of the
homes. We may be required to honor contingent repurchase obligations in the future and may incur
additional expense as a consequence of these repurchase agreements.
The manufactured housing industry is highly competitive, and competition may increase the adverse
effects of industry conditions
The manufactured housing industry is highly competitive. Competition at both the
manufacturing and retail levels is based upon several factors, including price, product features,
reputation for service and quality, merchandising, terms of retailer promotional programs and the
terms of retail customer financing. Numerous companies produce manufactured homes in our markets.
In addition, our homes compete with repossessed homes that are offered for sale in our markets.
Certain of our manufacturing competitors also have their own retail distribution systems and
consumer finance and insurance operations. The ability to offer consumer finance and insurance
products may provide some competitors with an advantage. In addition, there are many independent
manufactured housing retail locations in most areas where we have retail operations. We believe
that where wholesale floor plan financing is available, it is relatively easy for new retailers to
enter into our markets as competitors. In addition, our products compete with other forms of low
to moderate-cost housing, including new and existing site-built homes, apartments, townhouses and
condominiums. If we are unable to compete effectively in this environment, our retail and
wholesale sales could be reduced.
If we are unable to establish or maintain relationships with independent retailers who sell our
homes, our sales could decline
During fiscal year 2011, approximately 97% of our wholesale sales of manufactured homes were
to independent retail locations. As is common in the industry, independent retailers may also sell
homes produced by competing manufacturers. We may not be able to establish relationships with new
independent retailers or maintain good relationships with independent retailers that sell our
homes. Even if we do establish and maintain relationships with independent retailers, these
retailers are not obligated to sell our homes exclusively, and may choose to sell our competitors
homes instead. The independent retailers with whom we have relationships can cancel these
relationships on short notice. In addition, these retailers may not remain financially solvent, as
they are subject to industry, economic, demographic and seasonal trends similar to those faced by
us. If we do not establish and maintain relationships with solvent independent retailers in one or
more of our markets, sales in those markets could decline.
Our results of operations can be adversely affected by labor shortages and the pricing and
availability of raw materials
The homebuilding industry has from time to time experienced labor shortages and other labor
related issues. A number of factors may adversely affect the labor force available to us and our
subcontractors in one or more of our markets including high employment levels, construction market
conditions and government regulation which include laws and regulations related to workers health
and safety, wage and hour practices and immigration. An overall labor shortage or a lack of
skilled labor could cause significant increases in costs or delays in construction of homes which
could have a material adverse effect upon our sales and results of operations.
Our results of operations can be affected by the pricing and availability of raw materials.
Although we attempt to increase the
sales prices of our homes in response to higher materials costs, such increases typically lag
behind the escalation of materials costs. Sudden increases in price and lack of availability of
raw materials can be caused by natural disaster or other market forces, as has occurred in recent
years. Although we have not experienced any production halts, severe or prolonged shortages of
some of our most important building materials, which include wood and wood products, gypsum
wallboard, steel, insulation, and other petroleum-based products, have occurred. There can be no
assurance that sufficient supplies of these and other raw materials will continue to be available
to us.
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If the manufactured housing industry is not able to secure favorable local zoning ordinances, our
sales could decline and our business could be adversely affected
Manufactured housing communities and individual home placements are subject to local zoning
ordinances and other local regulations relating to utility service and construction of roadways.
In the past, property owners often have resisted the adoption of zoning ordinances permitting the
location of manufactured homes in residential areas, which we believe has restricted the growth of
the industry. Manufactured homes may not achieve widespread acceptance and localities may not
adopt zoning ordinances permitting the development of manufactured home communities. If the
manufactured housing industry is unable to secure favorable local zoning ordinances, our sales
could decline and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely
affected.
The loss of any of our executive officers could reduce our ability to execute our business strategy
and could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations
We are dependent to a significant extent upon the efforts of our executive officers,
particularly Joseph H. Stegmayer, our Chief Executive Officer, Daniel L. Urness, our Chief
Financial Officer, and Charles E. Lott, President of Fleetwood Homes. The loss of the services of
one or more of our executive officers could impair our ability to execute our business strategy and
have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We currently have no key man life insurance for our executive officers.
Certain provisions of our organizational documents could delay or make more difficult a change in
control of our Company
Certain provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation and restated bylaws could
delay or make more difficult transactions involving a change of control of our Company, and may
have the effect of entrenching our current management or possibly depressing the market price of
our common stock. For example, our restated certificate of incorporation and restated bylaws
authorize blank series preferred stock, establish a staggered board of directors and impose certain
procedural and other requirements for stockholder proposals. Furthermore, the fact that income
taxes could be imposed as a result of ownership changes occurring in conjunction with a
distribution may have the effect of delaying or making more difficult certain transactions
involving a change of control of our Company.
Volatility of Stock Price
The price of our common stock may fluctuate widely, depending upon a number of factors, many
of which are beyond our control. These factors include the perceived prospects of our business and
the manufactured housing industry as a whole; differences between our actual financial and
operating results and those expected by investors and analysts; changes in analysts
recommendations or projections; changes affecting the availability of financing in the wholesale
and consumer lending markets; actions or announcements by competitors; changes in the regulatory
environment in which we operate; and changes in general economic or market conditions. In
addition, stock markets generally experience significant price and volume volatility from time to
time which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock for reasons unrelated to our
performance.
Deterioration in economic conditions in general and continued turmoil in the credit markets could
reduce our earnings and financial condition
Deterioration in global economic conditions and continued turmoil in the credit markets could
have a negative impact on our business. Among other things, unfavorable changes in employment
levels, job growth, consumer confidence and income, and interest rates may further reduce demand
for our products, which could negatively affect our business, results of operations, and financial
condition. Unprecedented contraction in the credit markets and the financial services industry have
occurred in recent years, characterized by the bankruptcy, failure or consolidation of various
financial institutions and extraordinary intervention from the federal government. These factors
could have an adverse affect on the availability of financing to our customers, causing our
revenues to decline.
Our participation in certain wholesale financing programs for the purchase of our products by
industry retailers may expose us to additional risk of credit loss, which could adversely impact
the Companys liquidity and results of operations
We are exposed to risks associated with the creditworthiness of certain customers and business
partners, including independent retailers, developers and inventory financing partners, many of
whom may be adversely affected by the volatile conditions in the economy and financial markets.
These conditions could result in financial instability or other adverse effects at any of our
customers or business partners. The consequences of such adverse effects could include
delinquencies by retailers who purchase our product under special inventory financing initiatives
and deterioration of collateral values. In addition, we may incur losses if our collateral cannot
be recovered or liquidated at prices sufficient to recover recorded notes receivable balances. We
expect to expand our participation in certain wholesale financing programs in connection with any
general increase in wholesale order activity and the operation of Palm Harbors manufacturing
business subsequent to the Acquisition Date. The realization of any of these factors may adversely
affect our cash flow, profitability and financial condition.
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ITEM 1B. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
ITEM 2. | PROPERTIES |
During fiscal year 2011, we owned or leased and operated ten manufacturing facilities in
Phoenix and Goodyear, Arizona; Nampa, Idaho; Woodburn, Oregon; Riverside, California; Seguin and
Waco, Texas; Lafayette, Tennessee; Douglas, Georgia; and Rocky Mount, Virginia, and idle factories
located in Phoenix, Arizona; Woodland, California; and Waco, Texas. In an effort to further
streamline our cost structure in this environment, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2010,
the Company moved its park model and vacation cabin manufacturing operations from its Specialty
plant in Phoenix, Arizona to a second production line at its Cavco West facility in Goodyear,
Arizona, which is in the Phoenix area. The Company is evaluating its options with respect to the
idle Specialty plant, including the potential sale or lease of the facility. During fiscal year
2011, the Company leased its Woodland, California facility and sold its idle, 68,000 square-feet
Waco, Texas facility.
Except in the case of the Goodyear, Arizona plant, we own the land on which these facilities
are located. We also own substantially all of the machinery and equipment used at these factories.
We believe that these facilities are adequately maintained and suitable for the purposes for which
they are used. We also own approximately 30 acres of land in Phoenix, Arizona, which is the
intended site of a future manufacturing plant. The following table sets forth certain information
with respect to our active legacy Cavco and Fleetwood Homes manufacturing locations:
Date of | ||||||||||||
Commencement | Owned / | Square | ||||||||||
Location | of Operations | Leased | Feet | |||||||||
Phoenix, Arizona |
1978 | Owned | 79,000 | |||||||||
Goodyear, Arizona |
1993 | Leased | (1) | 250,000 | ||||||||
Seguin, Texas |
2006 | Owned | 129,000 | |||||||||
Woodburn, Oregon |
2009 | Owned | 221,000 | |||||||||
Riverside, California |
2009 | Owned | 107,000 | |||||||||
Nampa, Idaho |
2009 | Owned | 171,000 | |||||||||
Waco, Texas |
2009 | Owned | 132,000 | |||||||||
Lafayette, Tennessee |
2009 | Owned | 149,000 | |||||||||
Douglas, Georgia |
2009 | Owned | 142,000 | |||||||||
Rocky Mount, Virginia |
2009 | Owned | 137,000 |
(1) | This lease expires in 2013. |
Effective April 23, 2011, through the Palm Harbor transaction, we increased our geographic
reach to fifteen operating factories including the following Palm Harbor operating manufacturing
facilities:
Owned / | Square | |||||||
Location | Leased | Feet | ||||||
Austin, Texas |
Owned | 104,000 | ||||||
Fort Worth, Texas |
Owned | 121,000 | ||||||
Martinsville, Virginia |
Owned | 75,000 | ||||||
Millersburg, Oregon |
Owned | 169,000 | ||||||
Plant City, Florida |
Owned | 87,000 |
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The following table sets forth information with respect to our owned inactive manufacturing
facilities:
Square | ||||
Location | Feet | |||
Casa Grande, Arizona |
90,000 | |||
Phoenix, Arizona (Specialty) |
94,000 | |||
Tempe, Arizona |
104,000 | |||
Woodland, California |
149,000 | |||
Plant City, Florida |
94,000 | |||
Arabi, Georgia |
98,000 | |||
Albemarle, North Carolina |
113,000 | |||
Siler City, North Carolina |
91,000 | |||
Austin, Texas |
77,000 | |||
Buda, Texas |
88,000 | |||
Martinsville, Virginia (3 facilities) |
248,000 |
In addition to our production facilities, we own ten properties upon which seven of our active
retail centers are located. The remaining active sales centers are leased under operating leases
with lease terms generally ranging from monthly to four years. Our Company-owned retail centers
generally range in size from one acre to nine acres. We also lease approximately 11,000 square
feet of office space in Phoenix, Arizona for our corporate headquarters. Our corporate
headquarters lease was renewed during the year and expires in 2012.
ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
We are party to certain legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course and are incidental
to our business. Certain of the claims pending against us in these proceedings allege, among other
things, breach of contract and warranty, product liability, construction defect and personal
injury. Although litigation is inherently uncertain, based on past experience and the information
currently available, our management does not believe that the currently pending and threatened
litigation or claims will have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated financial
position or results of operations. However, future events or circumstances, currently unknown to
management will determine whether the resolution of pending or threatened litigation or claims will
ultimately have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of
operations in any future reporting periods.
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SUPPLEMENTAL ITEM. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT (See Item 10 of Part III of this Report)
The following is an alphabetical listing of our executive officers as of June 1, 2011; as such
term is defined under the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Officers are generally elected by the Board of Directors at its meeting immediately following our
annual stockholders meeting, with each officer serving until a successor has been elected and
qualified. There is no family relationship between these officers.
Name | Age | Positions with Cavco or Business Experience | ||||
Joseph H. Stegmayer
|
60 | Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer since March 2001; Director of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. since August 2009; President of Centex Manufactured Housing Group, LLC from September 2000 to June 2003; President Retail Operations and Chief Financial Officer of Champion Enterprises, Inc. from January 1998 to September 2000; President, Vice Chairman and Chairman of the Executive Committee of Clayton Homes, Inc. from 1993 to January 1998 | ||||
Daniel L. Urness
|
43 | Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since January 2006; Director of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. since August 2009; Interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company from August 2005 to January 2006; Corporate Controller from May 2005 to August 2005; Financial Consultant from June 2002 to May 2005; Controller from May 1999 to June 2002; Manager and staff with Deloitte & Touche, LLP from September 1993 to May 1999 | ||||
Charles E. Lott
|
63 | President of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. since August 2009; President and Vice President Housing Group of Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. from April 2005 to August 2009; Mr. Lott has worked for Fleetwood Enterprises and subsequently Fleetwood Homes for all but six years of his 40-year career in the manufactured housing industry. |
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PART II
ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
The Companys common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol
CVCO. The following table sets forth, for each of the periods indicated, the reported high and
low sale prices per share on the NASDAQ for the Companys common stock.
Sales Price | ||||||||
High | Low | |||||||
Year ended March 31, 2011 |
||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
$ | 49.04 | $ | 37.50 | ||||
Third Quarter |
49.00 | 31.50 | ||||||
Second Quarter |
37.46 | 31.53 | ||||||
First Quarter |
43.41 | 33.48 | ||||||
Year ended March 31, 2010 |
||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
$ | 40.30 | $ | 32.78 | ||||
Third Quarter |
38.18 | 28.92 | ||||||
Second Quarter |
37.83 | 25.54 | ||||||
First Quarter |
26.73 | 22.11 |
As of May 16, 2011, the Company had 926 stockholders of record and approximately 3,421
beneficial holders of its common stock, based upon information in securities position listings by
registered clearing agencies upon request of the Companys transfer agent.
We do not expect to pay any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. The
payment of dividends to our stockholders is subject to the discretion of our board of directors,
and various factors may prevent us from paying dividends. Such factors include our cash
requirements and liquidity and the requirements of state corporate and other laws.
Equity Compensation Plan Table
Information concerning equity compensation plans is included in Part III, Item 12, in this
Annual Report.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
In January 2008, we announced a stock repurchase program. A total of $10 million may be used
to repurchase our outstanding common stock. The repurchases may be made in the open market or in
privately negotiated transactions in compliance with applicable state and federal securities laws
and other legal requirements. The level of repurchase activity is subject to market conditions and
other investment opportunities. The repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any
particular amount of common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The repurchase
program will be funded using our available cash. No repurchases have been made under this program
to date.
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Performance Graph
The following graph compares the yearly change in the cumulative total stockholder return on
Cavco common stock during the five fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 with the NASDAQ index
composite and a peer group composed of companies with businesses in one or more of Cavcos primary
lines of business: the production and sale of manufactured homes. The companies comprising the peer
group are weighted by their respective market capitalization and include the following: Deer Valley
Corp., Liberty Homes, Inc. (Class A Common Stock), Nobility Homes, Inc., and Skyline Corporation.
The comparison assumes $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) was invested on March 31, 2006 in
Cavco common stock and in each of the foregoing indices.
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
3/31/2006 | 3/31/2007 | 3/31/2008 | 3/31/2009 | 3/31/2010 | 3/31/2011 | |||||||||||||||||||
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC. |
$ | 100 | $ | 72 | $ | 72 | $ | 49 | $ | 70 | $ | 93 | ||||||||||||
NASDAQ INDEX COMPOSITE |
$ | 100 | $ | 106 | $ | 101 | $ | 68 | $ | 107 | $ | 125 | ||||||||||||
PEER GROUP |
$ | 100 | $ | 89 | $ | 72 | $ | 46 | $ | 47 | $ | 53 |
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ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA |
The following table presents selected consolidated financial data regarding Cavco for the
fiscal years indicated. The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with, and is
qualified in its entirety by reference to, the information presented in Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Consolidated Financial
Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 171,827 | $ | 115,612 | $ | 105,362 | $ | 141,914 | $ | 169,114 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales |
147,549 | 104,915 | 94,591 | 121,538 | 138,813 | |||||||||||||||
Gross profit |
24,278 | 10,697 | 10,771 | 20,376 | 30,301 | |||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
21,345 | 16,718 | 11,213 | 13,825 | 15,311 | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
2,933 | (6,021 | ) | (442 | ) | 6,551 | 14,990 | |||||||||||||
Interest income |
2,028 | 222 | 764 | 2,539 | 2,387 | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before income taxes |
4,961 | (5,799 | ) | 322 | 9,090 | 17,377 | ||||||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(889 | ) | 2,006 | 136 | (2,778 | ) | (5,962 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
4,072 | (3,793 | ) | 458 | 6,312 | 11,415 | ||||||||||||||
Income from discontinued retail operations |
| | | | 134 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
4,072 | (3,793 | ) | 458 | 6,312 | 11,549 | ||||||||||||||
Less: net income (loss) attributable to
noncontrolling interest |
1,241 | (422 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to
Cavco common stockholders |
$ | 2,831 | $ | (3,371 | ) | $ | 458 | $ | 6,312 | $ | 11,549 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders basic: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations |
$ | 0.43 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.98 | $ | 1.79 | |||||||||
Discontinued operations |
| | | | 0.02 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 0.43 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.98 | $ | 1.81 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders diluted: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations |
$ | 0.41 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.95 | $ | 1.72 | |||||||||
Discontinued operations |
| | | | 0.02 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 0.41 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.95 | $ | 1.74 | |||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
6,637,270 | 6,516,572 | 6,487,665 | 6,427,264 | 6,363,368 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted |
6,859,457 | 6,516,572 | 6,692,932 | 6,664,111 | 6,629,580 | |||||||||||||||
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March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 76,513 | $ | 74,988 | $ | 70,557 | $ | 73,610 | $ | 12,976 | ||||||||||
Short-term investments |
| | 4,464 | | 50,900 | |||||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
436 | 227 | 244 | 330 | 339 | |||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable |
6,571 | 9,428 | 6,234 | 10,093 | 8,107 | |||||||||||||||
Inventories |
16,036 | 15,751 | 9,333 | 11,293 | 13,464 | |||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
2,495 | 6,278 | 3,676 | 1,839 | 2,273 | |||||||||||||||
Debtor-in possession note receivable |
40,060 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
4,720 | 6,240 | 3,434 | 4,033 | 3,930 | |||||||||||||||
Total current assets |
146,831 | 112,912 | 97,942 | 101,198 | 91,989 | |||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
35,993 | 37,589 | 12,859 | 12,706 | 12,802 | |||||||||||||||
Inventory finance notes receivable, net |
17,759 | 12,929 | 484 | | | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill and other intangibles, net |
68,859 | 68,912 | 67,346 | 67,346 | 67,346 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 269,442 | $ | 232,342 | $ | 178,631 | $ | 181,250 | $ | 172,137 | ||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
$ | 65,740 | $ | 32,294 | $ | 14,492 | $ | 20,152 | $ | 21,285 | ||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
17,214 | 19,694 | 16,099 | 14,747 | 12,760 | |||||||||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest |
35,819 | 34,578 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
150,669 | 145,776 | 148,040 | 146,351 | 138,092 | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling
interest and stockholders equity |
$ | 269,442 | $ | 232,342 | $ | 178,631 | $ | 181,250 | $ | 172,137 | ||||||||||
Other Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures continuing operations |
$ | 959 | $ | 391 | $ | 986 | $ | 689 | $ | 1,150 | ||||||||||
Depreciation continuing operations |
$ | 1,304 | $ | 1,170 | $ | 817 | $ | 785 | $ | 692 | ||||||||||
The selected financial data set forth above includes the accounts of Cavco and its
subsidiaries, CRG Holdings, LLC, and Fleetwood Homes, Inc. The results of the Fleetwood Homes
operations have been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes since
the Fleetwood Acquisition Date in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 810, Consolidation
(ASC 810). Management has determined that, under generally accepted accounting principles,
although Fleetwood Homes is only fifty-percent owned by the Company, Cavco has a controlling
interest and is required to fully consolidate the results of Fleetwood Homes. The primary factors
that contributed to this determination were Cavcos board and management control of Fleetwood
Homes. To that end, members of Cavcos management hold two out of three total seats on the board
of directors of Fleetwood Homes. In addition, as part of a management services agreement among
Cavco, Fleetwood Homes and Third Avenue, Cavco provides all executive-level management services to
Fleetwood Homes including, among other things, general management oversight, marketing and customer
relations, accounting and cash management. Third Avenues financial interest in Fleetwood Homes is
considered a redeemable noncontrolling interest, as determined by generally accepted accounting
principles, and is designated as such in the selected financial data above and in the Consolidated
Financial Statements. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information
on the redeemable noncontrolling interest.
The selected financial data set forth above may not be indicative of our future performance.
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ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
Introduction
The following should be read in conjunction with the Companys Consolidated Financial
Statements and the related Notes that appear in Part IV of this Report. References to Note or
Notes refer to the Notes to the Companys Consolidated Financial Statements.
Overview
Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, the Company designs and produces factory-built homes, which
are sold to a network of retailers located throughout the continental United States. The products
we manufacture are sold under a variety of brand names. We are one of the largest producers of HUD
code manufactured homes in the United States, based on reported wholesale shipments of both Cavco
and Fleetwood Homes. The Company is also a leading producer of park model homes and vacation
cabins in the United States.
Company Growth
The Company and an investment partner, Third Avenue, acquired certain manufactured housing
assets and liabilities of Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. on August 17, 2009 through their jointly
owned corporation, Fleetwood Homes. Third Avenue Management is an investment advisor to Third
Avenue Value Fund and is a principal stockholder of the Company, as described further in Notes 11
and 12.
Financial information for Fleetwood Homes is included in the Companys Consolidated Financial
Statements and the related Notes that appear in Part IV of this report. Fleetwood Homes was formed
by the Company and Third Avenue with each contributing $35 million in exchange for equal ownership
interests. Although the Company holds a fifty-percent financial interest in Fleetwood Homes, its
results of operations are required to be fully consolidated. Third Avenues financial interest in
Fleetwood Homes is considered a redeemable noncontrolling interest, as determined by generally
accepted accounting principles, and is designated as such in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
See Note 1.
The Fleetwood Homes transaction included seven operating manufactured housing plants located
in Nampa, Idaho; Woodburn, Oregon; Riverside, California; Waco, Texas; Lafayette, Tennessee;
Douglas, Georgia; and Rocky Mount, Virginia, and two idle factories located in Woodland, California
and Waco, Texas. Also, Fleetwood Homes purchased all related equipment, accounts receivable,
inventory, certain trademarks and trade names, intellectual property, and specified contracts and
leases and assumed express warranty liabilities pertaining to certain of the previous operations.
The purchase price of the transaction was $25.8 million and was paid in cash. Neither Fleetwood
Homes nor the Company incurred debt in connection with the purchase or subsequent operations.
During fiscal year 2011, the Company leased its Woodland, California facility and sold its idle,
68,000 square-feet Waco, Texas facility.
In addition to the seven factories listed above, during fiscal year 2011 the Company operated
two homebuilding facilities located in the Phoenix, Arizona area and one factory in Seguin, Texas.
The integration of the Cavco and Fleetwood Homes operations has progressed well. Operating styles
and management philosophies have been merged and the business has begun to operate as a cohesive
organization. We are in the process of expanding our product offerings throughout the combined
organization via the sharing of product designs and production methods. The supportive response by
our customer base to the acquisition has been encouraging. We believe we are in a position to
realize some operating efficiency improvements as a result of our larger size and buying power. We
believe that the acquisition will be a positive long-term strategic move for both the Cavco and
Fleetwood Homes brands.
On November 29, 2010, Fleetwood Homes entered into an agreement with Palm Harbor Homes, Inc.,
a Florida corporation, and certain of its subsidiaries to provide DIP financing to Palm Harbor
during the reorganization of Palm Harbor under chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Palm Harbor
is a manufacturer and marketer of factory-built housing and a provider of related financing and
insurance. In conjunction with Palm Harbors filing, Fleetwood Homes committed up to $55 million
for a DIP credit facility. The credit facility was partially used by Palm Harbor to extinguish its
Textron Financial Corporation debt facility and to fund post-petition operations, commitments to
customers, and employee obligations. Fleetwood Homes held a first position lien on substantially
all of Palm Harbors assets. At March 31, 2011, the outstanding balance on the DIP credit facility
was $40.1 million.
Additionally, Fleetwood Homes, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Palm Harbor Homes, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, entered into an agreement with Palm Harbor to purchase substantially all of
the assets, and assume specified liabilities of Palm Harbor, pursuant to an auction process under
Section 363 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. On March 1, 2011, Acquisition Co. was selected as the
successful bidder in the court auction. The transaction was approved and a sale order entered by
the U.S. Bankruptcy Court on March 4, 2011.
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Subsequent to the Companys fiscal year end, Acquisition Co. completed the purchase of the
Palm Harbor assets and the assumption of specified liabilities pursuant to the Amended and Restated
Asset Purchase Agreement dated March 1, 2011. The effective date of the transaction was April 23,
2011. The aggregate gross purchase price was $83.9 million and is exclusive of transaction costs,
specified liabilities assumed, and post-closing adjustments. Of the purchase price, (i)
approximately $45.3 million was used to retire the debtor-in-possession loan previously made by
Fleetwood Homes to Palm Harbor; and (ii) $13.4 million was deposited in escrow pending regulatory
approval to transfer the stock of Standard Casualty Co. to Acquisition Co., at which time the
escrowed funds will be released to the Palm Harbor estate. The purchase price was funded by
Fleetwood Homes cash on hand, along with contributions of $36 million each from the Company and
Third Avenue (see Note 12).
As of the Acquisition Date, Acquisition Co. acquired five operating manufactured housing
production facilities, idled factories in nine locations, 49 operating retail locations, one office
building, real estate, all related equipment, accounts receivable, customer deposits, inventory,
certain trademarks and trade names, intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases. In
addition, Acquisition Co. purchased all of the outstanding shares of CountryPlace Acceptance Corp.,
CountryPlace Mortgage, Ltd. and their wholly-owned finance subsidiaries. Acquisition Co. also
acquired all of the outstanding shares of Standard Insurance Agency, Inc. and its wholly-owned
insurance agency subsidiary, subject, however to a claw-back agreement to return those shares to
Palm Harbor if regulatory approval of the Standard Casualty Co. transfer cannot be obtained.
Further, Acquisition Co. assumed certain liabilities of Palm Harbor, including primarily debt
facilities of the finance subsidiaries and certain warranty obligations (see Note 10).
Cash and cash equivalents of the Company totaled approximately $76.5 million on March 31,
2011. Of that amount, approximately $30.3 million was used to complete the purchase of Palm Harbor
on April 23, 2011 and approximately $19.4 million was used to retire a certain debt obligation of
the Companys new subsidiary, CountryPlace, on May 10, 2011.
Industry and Company Outlook
The manufactured housing industry and the Company continue to operate at low production and
shipment levels. According to data provided by MHI, during calendar year 2010 and 2009, our
industry shipped approximately 50,000 HUD code manufactured homes annually, the lowest levels since
shipment statistics began to be recorded in 1959. This followed approximately 82,000 homes shipped
in calendar year 2008, which was the previous low. Yearly home shipments from 2003 to 2009 were
less than the annual home shipments for each of the 40 years from 1963 to 2002. For the past 10-
and 20-year periods, annual home shipments averaged 137,000 and 214,000, respectively. General
economic challenges remain, including turmoil in the mortgage loan markets, unemployment, low
consumer confidence levels, and overall housing sector weakness.
Several major obstacles are impeding annual home shipment volume; including a lack of mortgage
financing. Consumer financing for the retail purchase of manufactured homes needs to become more
available before marked emergence from current lows can occur. Restrictive underwriting
guidelines, irregular appraisal processes, higher interest rates compared to site-built homes,
regulatory burdens, reductions in the number of institutions lending to manufactured home buyers
and limited secondary market availability for manufactured home loans are significant restraints to
industry growth. We are working directly and through industry trade associations to encourage
favorable legislative and government-sponsored enterprise action to address the mortgage financing
needs of potential buyers of affordable homes. Although only limited progress has been made in
this area, a meaningful positive impact in the form of increased home orders at our factories has
yet to be realized. See Regulatory Developments on page 25.
In addition, sales of our homes have been negatively affected by high unemployment rates and
underemployment. Combined with weak consumer confidence in the U.S. economy, the environment is
not conducive for potential customers to commit to a home purchase. General economic challenges
need to diminish in order to spur annual industry and Company shipment levels.
Competition from excess site-built home inventory is an issue that is also of concern.
Surplus homes creating the oversupply have various sources. Lender inventories of repossessed
site-built homes are significant and liquidation selling prices are often lower than the current
cost to build a similar home. Many on-site home builders with high inventory levels are offering
sizable incentives to homebuyers in order to be competitive with lender foreclosure pricing in
their sales areas. The resultant price points are low enough in many cases to truly compete with
manufactured housing. Lower home prices and slow sales activity have also had an adverse impact on
the contingency contract process, wherein potential manufactured home buyers must sell their
existing home in order to facilitate the purchase of a new factory built home.
The Company has operated with low backlogs throughout fiscal years 2011 and 2010, but improved
modestly by year end. The backlog of sales orders at March 31, 2011 varied among our ten
factories, but in total was $5.9 million, or approximately two weeks of current production levels.
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Inventory financing for the industrys retail distribution chain continues to be in short
supply. Faced with illiquid capital markets in late calendar year 2008, each of the manufactured
housing sectors remaining inventory finance lenders initiated significant changes, including one
companys announcement to cease lending activities in this industry entirely. The involvement of
others is subject to more restrictive terms that continue to evolve. As most retailers require
financing to maintain inventories of the homes, the Company partnered with several lenders to
provide this type of inventory financing. In connection with certain of these participation
inventory finance programs, the Company provides a significant amount of the funds that independent
financiers lend to distributors to finance retail inventories of our products. In addition, the
Company has entered into direct inventory finance arrangements with distributors of our products
wherein the Company provides all of the inventory finance funds (see Note 3). The Companys
participation in inventory finance has increased the availability of manufactured home inventory
financing to distributors of our products. We believe that our expanding involvement in the
wholesale financing of inventory is quite helpful to distributors and allows our homes continued
exposure to potential homebuyers. These initiatives support the Companys ongoing efforts to
expand our distribution base in all of our markets with existing and new customers.
Although times remain difficult, we are optimistic about our long-term prospects and we
believe that we are located in attractive geographic markets. The April 2011 purchase of the Palm
Harbor assets provides further geographic expansion, increased home distribution, and entry into
financial and insurance businesses specific to our industry. We are the nations second largest
builder of manufactured homes and the largest provider of park models and cabins. With the
acquisition of Palm Harbor, we now operate fifteen manufacturing facilities nationwide, which build
four of the most prominent brand names in the industry: Cavco Homes, Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor
Homes, and Nationwide Homes.
The two largest manufactured housing consumer demographics, young adults and those who are 55+
years old, are both growing. Household formation is estimated to increase as the young adult
population rises with the growth in the 25 to 34-year-old age bracket, known as the echo boom
generation. This generation is attracted by the affordability, diversity of style choices and
flexibility as to the location of their home. The age 55 and older category is reported to be the
fastest growing segment of the U.S. population. This group is similarly interested in the value
proposition; however, they are also motivated by the low maintenance requirements of factory built
homes, and by the lifestyle of many age-restricted planned communities that are specifically
designed for manufactured homes.
The national rental vacancy rate was recently reported to have declined to 9.4% in the final
calendar quarter of 2010, from 10.3% in the same prior year quarter. Rental housing competes
directly with many of our product offerings, and reductions in rental availability may have the
effect of shifting interested buyers to other housing alternatives including manufactured homes.
With manufacturing centers strategically positioned across the nation, we utilize local market
research to design homes to meet the demands of our customers. We have the ability to react and
modify floor plans and designs to consumers specific needs. By offering a full range of homes from
entry level models to large custom homes and with the ability to engineer designs in-house, we can
accommodate virtually any customer request. We also build modular homes, park models and cabins,
and light commercial buildings at many of our manufacturing facilities.
Company-wide, we have intensified our efforts to identify niche market opportunities where our
diverse product lines and custom building capabilities provide our company with a competitive
advantage. Green construction processes and environmentally-friendly building materials have long
been a part of our home-building process and their popularity is expected to grow. We have a wide
array of building materials that, combined with our building process, give us a Green Advantage
over other home builders. Many of the homes we build meet Energy Star standards. Building Green
also significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions without sacrificing features, style or comfort.
From bamboo flooring and tankless water heaters to solar-powered homes, our products are diverse
and tailored to a wide range of consumer interests. Innovation in housing design is a forte of the
Company and we continue to introduce new models at competitive price points with expressive
interiors and exteriors that complement home styles in the areas in which they are located.
We maintain a conservative cost structure, which enables us to build added value into our
homes. We have placed a consistent focus on developing synergies among all operations. In
addition, the Company has worked diligently to maintain a solid financial position. Our balance
sheet strength and position in cash and cash equivalents should help us to avoid the liquidity
problems faced by many other companies and enable us to act effectively as market opportunities
present themselves.
We were recently named the 2011 Manufacturer of the Year by MHI, the factory-built home
industrys national trade organization, for the second consecutive year. In addition, both Cavco
and Palm Harbor received several design awards from MHI. These honors are a reflection of our
valued employees, customers and vendors and we appreciate the recognition.
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Regulatory Developments
The American Housing Rescue and Foreclosure Prevention Act was enacted in 2008 to provide
assistance by way of legislation for the housing industry, including the manufactured housing
industry. Among other things, the act provides for increased loan limits for chattel (home-only)
loans to $69,678, up 43% from the previous limit of $48,600 set in 1992. New Federal Housing
Administration (FHA) Title I program guidelines became effective on June 1, 2010. On June 10,
2010, the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) began accepting applications by
lenders for participation as issuers of mortgage backed securities backed by Title I loans
originated under the new program. Ginnie Mae released related pooling guidelines in November 2010.
The issuance of these guidelines provides Ginnie Mae the ability to securitize manufactured home
FHA Title I loans. Chattel loans have languished in recent years and these changes are meant to
provide a new source of lending capital to the industry, which can then be used to fund new loans
for our customers. However, a meaningful positive impact from these changes in the form of
increased home orders at our factories has yet to be realized.
Results of Operations
(Dollars in thousands, except average sales price amounts)
The following table summarizes certain financial and operating data for fiscal years 2011,
2010 and 2009.
Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
$ | 166,915 | $ | 112,345 | $ | 101,373 | ||||||
Retail |
10,247 | 8,218 | 8,807 | |||||||||
Less: Intercompany |
(5,335 | ) | (4,951 | ) | (4,818 | ) | ||||||
Total net sales |
171,827 | 115,612 | 105,362 | |||||||||
Cost of sales |
147,549 | 104,915 | 94,591 | |||||||||
Gross profit |
24,278 | 10,697 | 10,771 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
21,345 | 16,718 | 11,213 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
2,933 | (6,021 | ) | (442 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
2,028 | 222 | 764 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |
4,961 | (5,799 | ) | 322 | ||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(889 | ) | 2,006 | 136 | ||||||||
Net income (loss) |
4,072 | (3,793 | ) | 458 | ||||||||
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest |
1,241 | (422 | ) | | ||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Cavco common stockholders |
$ | 2,831 | $ | (3,371 | ) | $ | 458 | |||||
Other Data: |
||||||||||||
Floors sold manufacturing |
7,308 | 4,880 | 3,917 | |||||||||
Homes sold manufacturing |
4,771 | 3,255 | 2,603 | |||||||||
Homes sold retail |
123 | 114 | 117 | |||||||||
Capital expenditures |
$ | 959 | $ | 391 | $ | 986 | ||||||
Depreciation |
$ | 1,304 | $ | 1,170 | $ | 817 | ||||||
Fiscal Year 2011 Compared to Fiscal Year 2010
Net Sales. Total net sales increased 48.6% to $171,827 in fiscal year 2011 from $115,612 in
fiscal year 2010.
Manufacturing net sales were higher by 48.6% to $166,915 in fiscal year 2011 from $112,345 in
fiscal year 2010. The fiscal year 2011 results include the Fleetwood Homes operations, which were
acquired on August 17, 2009, and from that date forward were included in the results of fiscal year
2010. The increase in net sales was also driven by an increase in the average sales price per
home, up $470 to $34,985 in fiscal year 2011 from $34,515 last year. Total homes sold during
fiscal year 2011 increased 46.6% to 4,771 versus 3,255 last year.
Retail net sales increased by $2,029 or 24.7% to $10,247 for fiscal year 2011 from $8,218 last
year. This increase in retail sales was the result of a 7.9% increase in the overall number of
homes sold through Company-owned retail locations.
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Gross Profit. Gross profit increased to $24,278, which was 14.1% of net sales for fiscal year
2011 compared to $10,697 or 9.3% of net sales last year. The gross profit was a result of our
operations people effectively managing costs to help improve gross profit as a percentage of net
sales. Current year margins were also positively affected by the timing of revenue recognition for
certain production completed in the prior year but revenue was deferred because of the Companys
participation in the financing of that product. While improved, gross profit continues to be
adversely impacted by pricing competition, a product mix favoring smaller-size homes with fewer
amenities, and reduced production efficiencies inherent with low capacity utilization.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses
increased by 27.7% or $4,627 to $21,345 or 12.4% of net sales for fiscal year 2011 versus $16,718
or 14.5% of net sales last year. The current period amount includes $272 in acquisition-related
costs for the purchase of the Palm Harbor assets as discussed in Note 10. The prior year amount
includes acquisition-related costs of $772 pertaining to the purchase of the Fleetwood Homes
assets. The increase during fiscal 2011 relates primarily to additional expenses due to the
increased size of the consolidated Company after the purchase of the Fleetwood Homes assets and
increased incentive compensation resulting from the impact of improved earnings. The decrease in
selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales resulted from higher
sales volume. We anticipate additional acquisition-related costs in fiscal year 2012 for the
purchase of the Palm Harbor assets.
Interest Income. Interest income represents income earned on inventory finance notes
receivable, debtor-in-possession note receivable and unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held at
various times throughout the year. Our interest income increased 814% to $2,028 for fiscal year
2011 as compared to $222 last year. The increase resulted mainly from $996 of interest income
earned on the debtor-in-possession note receivable and portfolio growth of inventory finance notes
receivable.
Income Taxes. The effective income tax rate was approximately 18% for fiscal year 2011 (see
Note 7) and 35% for fiscal year 2010. Cavco recognized an income tax benefit of $950 resulting
from a decrease in Arizona statutory income tax rates, enacted during the fourth quarter of fiscal
year 2011. Excluding this adjustment, income tax expense would have been $1,839 with an effective
annual tax rate of 37%. The income tax benefit recognized during fiscal year 2010 is the result of
current period losses and the Companys belief that it will be able to fully realize the benefits
associated with its deferred tax assets.
Noncontrolling Interest. Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood
Homes held by Third Avenue was $1,241 for fiscal year 2011, representing fifty percent of the
income attributable the subsidiary for the year ended March 31, 2011.
Fiscal Year 2010 Compared to Fiscal Year 2009
Net Sales. Total net sales increased 9.7% to $115,612 in fiscal year 2010 from $105,362 in
fiscal year 2009.
Manufacturing net sales were higher by 10.8% to $112,345 in fiscal year 2010 from $101,373 in
fiscal year 2009. The fiscal year 2010 results included the Fleetwood Homes operations, which were
acquired during the second quarter of fiscal year 2010. The increase in net sales was also
attributable to an increased number of homes sold, the result of additional Fleetwood Homes orders
and operations. Total homes sold during fiscal year 2010 increased 25.0% to 3,255 versus 2,603
during fiscal year 2009. The increase in net sales was partially offset by an 11.4% decrease in
the average sales price per home, down $4,430 to $34,515 in fiscal year 2010 from $38,945 in fiscal
year 2009.
Retail net sales decreased by $589 or 6.7% to $8,218 for fiscal year 2010 from $8,807 for the
prior year. This decrease in retail sales was the result of lower average selling prices and a
2.6% decrease in the overall number of homes sold through Company-owned retail locations.
Gross Profit. Gross profit decreased to $10,697, which was 9.3% of net sales for fiscal year
2010 compared to $10,771 or 10.2% of net sales for fiscal year 2009. The gross profit was
negatively affected by lower margins typically associated with lower average selling prices. The
downward movement in the average wholesale selling price is primarily from generally depressed
market conditions. The gross profit was also adversely affected by reduced production efficiencies
inherent with low capacity utilization.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses
increased by 49.1% or $5,505 to $16,718 or 14.5% of net sales for fiscal year 2010 versus $11,213
or 10.6% of net sales for fiscal year 2009. The increase related primarily to $772 in
acquisition-related costs for the purchase of the Fleetwood Homes assets and additional expenses
because of the increased size of the consolidated Company.
Interest Income. Interest income represented income earned on unrestricted cash and cash
equivalents and short-term investments held at various times throughout the prior year as well as
inventory finance receivables. Our interest income decreased 70.9% to $222 for fiscal year 2010 as
compared to $764 for fiscal year 2009. The decrease resulted from the effect of lower interest
rates earned on
our investments in U.S. Treasury money market funds and short-term bank certificates of
deposit, offset in part by interest income earned on inventory finance receivables.
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Income Taxes. The income tax benefit recognized during fiscal year 2010 was the result of
losses and the Companys belief that it will be able to fully realize the benefits associated with
its deferred tax assets. The effective income tax rate was approximately 35% for fiscal year 2010.
The income tax benefit recognized during fiscal year 2009 was the result of two discrete items
during the year: (i) a change in the estimated blended rate to be applied to our deferred tax
assets and liabilities, and (ii) a calculated true-up to our fiscal year 2008 tax return filed on
December 12, 2008.
Noncontrolling Interest. Net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood
Homes held by Third Avenue was $422 for fiscal year 2010, representing fifty percent of the losses
incurred by the new subsidiary for the period since the Fleetwood Acquisition Date through March
31, 2010.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
(Dollars in thousands)
We believe that cash and cash equivalents on hand at March 31, 2011, together with cash flow
from operations, will be sufficient to fund our operations for the next twelve months and into the
foreseeable future, even after giving effect to our funding of the remaining cash transferred for
the Palm Harbor transaction ($30,342) and the retirement of certain CountryPlace debt ($19,443).
See Note 10. Because of the Companys cash position, the Company has not sought, nor does it have
access to, external sources of liquidity, other than the contribution of $36,000 from Third Avenue
to fund the Palm Harbor transaction (see Note 12). Depending on our operating results and
strategic opportunities, we may need to seek additional or alternative sources of financing such as
a credit facility. There can be no assurance that such financing would be available on
satisfactory terms, if at all. If this financing were not available, it could be necessary for us
to reevaluate our long-term operating plans to make more efficient use of our existing capital
resources. The exact nature of any changes to our plans that would be considered depends on
various factors, such as conditions in the factory-built housing industry and general economic
conditions outside of our control.
Projected cash to be provided or used by manufacturing operations in the coming year is
largely dependent on sales volume. Our manufactured homes are sold mainly through company-owned
stores and independent retailers who have historically relied on third-party lenders to provide
floor plan financing for homes purchased. In addition, third-party lenders generally provide
consumer financing for manufactured home purchases. Our sales depend in large part on the
availability and cost of financing for manufactured home purchasers and independent retailers. The
availability and cost of such financing is further dependent on the number of financial
institutions participating in the industry, the departure of financial institutions from the
industry, the financial institutions lending practices, the strength of the credit markets
generally, governmental policies and other conditions, all of which are beyond our control.
As a result of the current credit crisis, during the last half of 2008, each of the remaining
national floor plan lenders substantially curtailed their lending activities, and Textron Financial
Corporation announced its intention to exit the business. Another floor plan lender,
21st Mortgage Corporation, citing unreliable and inadequate sources of funding,
announced in January 2009 that it was significantly curtailing its retail lending program.
Remaining retail lenders such as Triad, U.S. Bank, and CU Factory Built Lending have tightened
their loan underwriting standards. The reduction in available financing has had an adverse effect
on the manufactured housing industry and has negatively impacted the ability of our retailers to
obtain financing for home purchases. To further support floor plan availability for our retailers,
Cavco has begun to provide some of the capital used by inventory lenders to finance wholesale home
purchases by retailers (see Note 3). States may classify manufactured homes for both legal and tax
purposes as personal property rather than real estate. As a result, financing for the purchase of
manufactured homes is thereby characterized by shorter loan maturities and higher interest rates.
Unfavorable changes in these factors and the current adverse trend in the availability and terms of
financing in the industry may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and
financial condition.
Operating activities provided $3,141 of cash during fiscal year 2011 compared to the use of
$9,551 of cash during fiscal year 2010. Cash provided by operating activities for the current
fiscal year was primarily derived from operating income before non-cash charges, a decrease in
other current assets from a federal income tax refund of $3,979 and collections of trade
receivables, offset in part by cash used for inventory finance initiatives and payments of trade
payables. Cash used in operating activities in the prior year primarily funded operating losses
before non-cash charges, inventory financing initiatives and an increase in prepaid expenses and
other current assets, partially offset by increased accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
Investing activities required the use of $39,007 of cash during fiscal year 2011 compared to
the use of $21,713 during fiscal year 2010. In fiscal year 2011, cash used by investing activities
was primarily for funds provided to Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. under the debtor-in-possession credit
facility, as discussed in Note 9, and capital expenditures in all of our operations, partially
offset by proceeds from the sale of an idle production facility in Waco, Texas. For fiscal year
2010, cash used by investing activities was comprised primarily of $25,799 for the acquisition of
the Fleetwood Homes assets, offset in part by net proceeds of $4,464 from sales of short-term
investments in bank certificates of deposit.
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Financing activities provided $37,391 in cash during the fiscal year 2011, consisting of
$36,000 from the issuance of convertible notes payable to Third Avenue, which holds the redeemable
noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood Homes (see Note 11), and $1,391 from the issuance of common
stock under our stock incentive plans. The $36,000 convertible note payable was subsequently
converted to noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood Homes in conjunction with the purchase of Palm
Harbor on April 23, 2011. Financing activities provided $35,695 in cash during fiscal year 2010,
resulting from proceeds of the issuance of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. stock to Third Avenue for $35,000
with the remaining amount from the issuance of common stock and related incremental tax benefits
upon exercise of stock options under our stock incentive plans.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at March 31, 2011, consisting of
future payments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements and convertible note payable to
Third Avenue. Concurrent with the successful completion of the acquisition of Palm Harbor Homes,
all outstanding convertible notes were converted to shares of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. on April 23,
2011. For additional information related to these obligations, see Notes 5 and 12, respectively,
to the Consolidated Financial Statements. This table excludes long-term obligations for which there
is no definite commitment period.
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | 1- 3 | 4 - 5 | After 5 | |||||||||||||||||
Total | 1 year | Years | Years | Years | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments for future payments
under noncancelable operating
leases |
$ | 1,336 | $ | 666 | $ | 669 | $ | 1 | $ | | ||||||||||
Convertible debt obligation: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest note
payable |
$ | 36,000 | $ | 36,000 | | | |
The following table summarizes our contingent commitments at March 31, 2011, consisting
of contingent repurchase obligations. For additional information related to these contingent
obligations, see Notes 5 and 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Critical Accounting
Policies below.
Contingent Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | 1- 3 | 4 - 5 | After 5 | |||||||||||||||||
Total | 1 year | Years | Years | Years | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
obligations (1) |
$ | 11,136 | $ | 9,820 | $ | 1,316 | $ | | $ | |
(1) | For a complete description of the contingent repurchase obligation, see Critical Accounting Policies Reserve for Repurchase Commitments below. Although the commitments outstanding at March 31, 2011 have a finite life, these commitments are continually replaced as we continue to sell manufactured homes to retailers under repurchase and other recourse agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale floor plan financing to retailers. |
Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based
upon our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us
to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues
and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management bases its
estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to
be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments
about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other
sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Management believes the following critical accounting policies, among others, affect its more
significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Warranties. We provide the retail home buyer a one-year limited warranty covering defects in
material or workmanship in home structure, plumbing and electrical systems. We record a liability
for estimated future warranty costs relating to homes sold, based upon our assessment of historical
experience factors. Factors we use in the estimation of the warranty liability include the
estimated
amount of homes still under warranty including homes in retailer inventories, homes purchased
by consumers still within the twelve-month warranty period, the timing in which work orders are
completed, and the historical average costs incurred to service a home. Based on the terms of the
associated purchase agreement between the Companys subsidiary, Fleetwood Homes, and Fleetwood
Enterprises, Inc., the Company is only obligated to provide warranty coverage for certain homes
produced by select factories and sold by FEI. Fleetwood Homes did not assume any warranty
liabilities for homes in which the warranty period expired prior to August 17, 2009. We have a
reserve for estimated warranties of $9.4 million and $13.9 million at March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively. Although we maintain reserves for such claims, based on our assessments as described
above, which to date have been adequate, there can be no assurance that warranty expense levels
will remain at current levels or that such reserves will continue to be adequate. A large number
of warranty claims exceeding our current warranty expense levels could have a material adverse
effect on our results of operations.
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Reserve for Repurchase Commitments. Manufactured housing companies customarily enter into
repurchase and other recourse agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale
floor plan financing to retailers. A significant portion of our sales are made to retailers
pursuant to repurchase agreements with lending institutions. These agreements generally provide
that we will repurchase our new products from the lending institutions in the event such product is
repossessed upon a retailers default. The risk of loss under repurchase agreements is lessened by
certain factors, including the following:
| sales of our manufactured homes are spread over a relatively large number of independent retailers; |
| the price that we are obligated to pay under such repurchase agreements declines based on predetermined amounts over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months); and |
| we have historically been able to resell homes repurchased from lenders. |
The Company applies FASB ASC 460, Guarantees (ASC 460) and FASB ASC 450-20, Loss
Contingencies (ASC 450-20), to account for its liability for repurchase commitments. Under the
provisions of ASC 460, issuance of a guarantee results in two different types of obligations: (1) a
non-contingent obligation to stand ready to perform under the repurchase commitment (accounted for
pursuant to ASC 460) and (2) a contingent obligation to make future payments under the conditions
of the repurchase commitment (accounted for pursuant to ASC 450-20). Management reviews retailers
inventories to estimate the amount of inventory subject to repurchase obligation which is used to
calculate (1) the fair value of the non-contingent obligation for repurchase commitments and (2)
the contingent liability based on historical information available at the time. During the period
in which a home is sold (inception of a repurchase commitment), the Company records the greater of
these two calculations as a liability for repurchase commitments and as a reduction to sales.
(1) The Company estimates the fair value of the non-contingent portion of its manufacturers
inventory repurchase commitment under the provisions of ASC 460 when a home is shipped to retailers
whose floor plan financing includes a repurchase commitment. The fair value of the inventory
repurchase agreement is determined by calculating the net present value of the difference in (a)
the interest cost to carry the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the
prevailing floor plan note interest rate and (b) the interest cost to carry the inventory over the
maximum repurchase liability period at the interest rate of a similar type loan without a
manufacturers repurchase agreement in force.
(2) The Company estimates the contingent obligation to make future payments under its
manufacturers inventory repurchase commitment for the same pool of commitments as used in the fair
value calculation above and records the greater of the two calculations. This contingent obligation
is estimated using historical loss factors, including the frequency of repurchases and the losses
experienced by the Company for repurchased inventory.
Additionally, subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates
the likelihood that it will be called on to perform under the inventory repurchase commitments. If
it becomes probable that a retailer will default and an ASC450-20 loss reserve should be recorded,
then such contingent liability is recorded equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. Based on
identified changes in retailers financial conditions, the Company evaluates the probability of
default for retailers who are identified at an elevated risk of default and applies a probability
of default, based on historical default rates. Commensurate with this default probability
evaluation, the Company reviews repurchase notifications received from floor plan sources and
reviews retailer inventory for expected repurchase notifications based on various communications
from the lenders and the retailers as well as for retailers who, the Company believes, are
experiencing financial difficulty. The Companys repurchase commitments for the retailers in the
category of elevated risk of default are excluded from the pool of commitments used in both of the
calculations at (1) and (2) above. Changes in the reserve are recorded as an adjustment to sales.
The maximum amount for which the Company was contingently liable under such agreements
approximated $11.1 million and $12.7 million at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, without
reduction for the resale value of the homes. The Company had a reserve for repurchase commitments
of $597,000 and $760,000 at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company made payments under
repurchase commitments of $26,000 and $45,000 during fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Retailer Volume Rebates. The Companys manufacturing operations sponsor volume rebate
programs under which certain sales to retailers and builder/developers can qualify for cash rebates
generally based on the level of sales attained during a twelve-month period. Volume rebates are
accrued at the time of sale and are recorded as a reduction of net sales.
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Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of
long-lived assets to be held and used and when events and circumstances warrant such a review. The
carrying value of long-lived assets is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash
flow from such assets is less than its carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based
on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived assets.
Fair market value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate
commensurate with the risk involved. Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined
in a similar manner, except that the fair market values are based primarily on independent
appraisals and preliminary or definitive contractual arrangements less costs to dispose. The
Company recognized impairment losses on long-lived assets of $327,000 and $288,000 during fiscal
years 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Income Taxes and Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
determined based on temporary differences between the financial statement amounts and the tax bases
of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences
are expected to reverse. The Company periodically evaluates the deferred tax assets based on the
requirements established in FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recording of a valuation
allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will
not be realized. The determination of the need for or amount of any valuation allowance involves
significant management judgment and is based upon the evaluation of both positive and negative
evidence, including estimates of anticipated taxable profits in various jurisdictions with which
the deferred tax assets are associated. At March 31, 2011, the Company evaluated forecasted
taxable profits and determined that all of the deferred tax assets would be utilized in future
periods. Ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on our ability to meet these
forecasts in future periods. Changes in events or expectations could result in significant
adjustments, which could include the recording of a valuation allowance and material changes to the
provision for income taxes.
Goodwill and Other Intangibles. We test goodwill annually for impairment by reporting unit
and record an impairment charge if the implied fair value of a reporting unit, including goodwill,
is less than its carrying value. We generally utilize either quoted market values or a discounted
cash flow methodology to test for impairment of goodwill. The results of discounted cash flow
methodology depend upon a number of estimates and assumptions relating to cash flows, discount
rates and other matters. Accordingly, such testing is subject to certain uncertainties, which
could cause the fair value of goodwill to fluctuate from period to period. We test other
intangibles for impairment annually and when indicators of impairment exist.
As of March 31, 2011, all of our goodwill is attributable to our manufacturing reporting unit.
We performed our annual goodwill impairment analysis as of March 31, 2011. The first step under
FASB ASC 350, IntangiblesGoodwill and Other (ASC 350) is to compare the fair value of the
reporting unit to the carrying value of the reporting unit. If the fair value is less than the
carrying value, the second step must be completed, comparing the fair value of goodwill to the
carrying value of goodwill. In assessing the fair value of the manufacturing reporting unit, the
Company considered the income approach. Based on this analysis, the fair value of the reporting
unit, including goodwill, was deemed to be substantially greater than its carrying value. As such,
there was no need to continue to the second step under ASC 350 and test the goodwill individually.
In the event that we are not able to achieve expected cash flow levels, or other factors
indicate that goodwill is impaired, we may need to write off all or part of our goodwill, which
would adversely affect our operating results and net worth. See Item 1A, Risk Factors.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest. During fiscal year 2010, the Company and an investment
partner, Third Avenue formed Fleetwood Homes, Inc., with a contribution of $35 million each for
equal fifty-percent ownership interests. The results of the Fleetwood Homes operations have been
included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes since the Fleetwood
Acquisition Date in accordance with the provisions of ASC 810. Management has determined that,
under generally accepted accounting principles, although Fleetwood Homes is only fifty-percent
owned by the Company, Cavco has a controlling interest and is required to fully consolidate the
results of Fleetwood Homes. The primary factors that contributed to this determination were
Cavcos board and management control of Fleetwood Homes. To that end, members of Cavcos
management hold two out of three total seats on the board of directors of Fleetwood Homes. In
addition, as part of a management services agreement among Cavco, Fleetwood Homes and Third Avenue,
Cavco provides all executive-level management services to Fleetwood Homes including, among other
things, general management oversight, marketing and customer relations, accounting and cash
management. See Note 1. Third Avenues financial interest in Fleetwood Homes is considered a
redeemable noncontrolling interest (see Note 11).
After
the fifth anniversary of the Fleetwood Acquisition Date,
(i.e. after August 17, 2014), or at any time after
Fleetwood Homes has earned net income of at least $10 million in
each of its two most recently completed consecutive fiscal years, Third Avenue has the right (Put Right) to require Cavco to purchase all of Third Avenues
shares of Fleetwood Homes common stock for an amount based upon a calculation that is designed to
approximate fair value. Likewise, Cavco has the right (Call Right) to require Third Avenue to
sell all of its shares of Fleetwood Homes common stock based on the same timing and calculation as
described above for the Put Right (see Note 11). The conditions for the Put Right or Call Right to become
exercisable have not been met as of March 31, 2011.
The purchase price to be payable by Cavco for the purchase of Third Avenues shares pursuant
to the exercise of the Put Right or the Call Right may be settled in cash or shares of common stock
of Cavco. However, the circumstances under which net share settlement would be allowed are not
solely within the control of Cavco (see Note 11). There is no explicit cap on the maximum number of
common shares that could be potentially issuable upon redemption; therefore, GAAP requires that
Third Avenues noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood Homes be classified as a temporary equity
mezzanine item between liabilities and stockholders equity.
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Other Matters
Related Party Transactions. On July 15, 2009, the Company and Third Avenue formed Fleetwood
Homes, with an equity contribution of $35 million each for equal fifty-percent ownership interests.
See Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest under Critical Accounting Policies above. On July 21,
2009, Fleetwood Homes entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with FEI and certain of its
subsidiaries to purchase certain assets and liabilities of its manufactured housing business. On
the Acquisition Date, Fleetwood Homes acquired seven operating manufactured housing plants and two
idle factories. FH also purchased all related equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, certain
trademarks and trade names, intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases; and assumed
express warranty liabilities pertaining to certain of the previous operations. The purchase price
of the transaction was $25.8 million and was paid in cash.
On December 1, 2010, the Company and Third Avenue entered into separate convertible note
payable agreements with their subsidiary, Fleetwood Homes, for $14 million each, convertible to 200
shares of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. common stock at the successful close of the contemplated Palm
Harbor transaction. The convertible notes were subsequently increased by $22 million each,
convertible to an additional 314.28 shares, for a total of $36 million per note, convertible to
514.28 shares in the fourth quarter of 2011. The convertible notes bore interest of 2.5% per annum.
As of March 31, 2011, the balance of accrued interest payable to Third Avenue was $119,000. The
$36 million note payable by Fleetwood Homes to Cavco and related accrued interest was eliminated
upon consolidation. The note payable to Third Avenue appears on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as
Noncontrolling interest note payable. Subsequent to March 31, 2011, concurrent with the
successful completion of the acquisition of Palm Harbor Homes, all outstanding convertible notes
were converted to shares of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. on April 23, 2011. Any right to interest income
was forfeited by the note holders upon conversion.
Third Avenue Management LLC beneficially owned approximately 12.2% of our outstanding common
shares and thus meets the definition of a principal owner under FASB ASC 850, Related Party
Disclosures. Third Avenue Management LLC and Third Avenue Value Fund are either directly or
indirectly under common control.
Impact of Inflation. We believe that the general inflation rate over the past several years
has not had a significant impact on our sales or profitability, but we can give no assurance that
this trend will continue in the future. However, sudden increases in specific costs, such as the
increases in material costs we have experienced since early 2004, as well as price competition, can
affect our ability to increase our selling prices and adversely impact our results of operations.
Therefore, we can give no assurance that inflation or the impact of rising material costs will not
have a significant impact on our sales or results of operations in the future.
Impact of Accounting Standards. In July 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
ASU 2010-20, Receivables (Topic 310): Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables
and the Allowance for Credit Losses, which requires entities to provide new disclosures in their
financial statements about their financing receivables, including credit risk exposures and the
allowance for credit losses on a disaggregated basis. The ASU is effective for public entities for
reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2010 for disclosures of financing receivables as
of the end of a reporting period. The disclosures related to activity that occurs during a
reporting period are required to be adopted for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010.
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, A Creditors Determination of Whether a Restructuring
Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring. ASU 2011-02 clarifies when creditors should classify loan
modifications as troubled debt restructurings. In addition, ASU 2011-02 deferred the effective
date of the disclosures about troubled debt restructurings in ASU 2010-20 to periods beginning
after June 15, 2011. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2010-20 relating to period-end
disclosures as of December 31, 2010, and the remaining provisions during the quarter ended March
31, 2011 (see Note 3), except for the disclosures related to troubled debt restructurings, which
will be effective for the Companys quarter ended September 30, 2011. The Company is currently
evaluating the effect ASU 2011-02 will have on the Companys disclosures in the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Disclosure
of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations, which clarifies the disclosures
required of a public entity regarding pro forma information for business combinations that occurred
in the current reporting period. The required disclosures include pro forma revenue and earnings
of the combined entity for the current reporting period as though the acquisition date had been as
of the beginning of the annual reporting period. When comparative financial statements are
presented, the pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the comparable prior
reporting period should be reported as though the acquisition date for business
combinations had been as of the beginning of the prior annual reporting period. In addition,
disclosure of the nature and amount of any material pro forma adjustments in the reported pro forma
revenue and earnings will be required. This ASU is effective for business combinations for which
the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on
or after December 15, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2010-29 will have
on the Companys disclosures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB and other regulatory
bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise
discussed, management believes that the impact of recently issued standards, which are not yet
effective, will not have a material impact on the Companys Consolidated Financial Statements upon
adoption.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements, as that term is defined
in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements,
other than statements of historical facts, included or incorporated in this Form 10-K could be
deemed forward-looking statements, particularly statements about our plans, strategies and
prospects under the headings Business, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations. Forward-looking statements are often characterized by the
use of words such as believes, estimates, expects, projects, may, will, intends,
plans, or anticipates, or by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. Forward-looking
statements are included, for example, in discussions regarding the manufactured housing industry
and market, economic conditions and consumer confidence, our financial performance and operating
results, our operational and legal risks, how we may be affected by governmental regulations and
legal proceedings, the expected effect of certain risks and uncertainties on our business,
financial condition and results of operations, the availability of favorable consumer and wholesale
manufactured home financing, market interest rates and our investments, and the ultimate outcome of
our commitments and contingencies.
All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are
beyond our control. As a result, our actual results or performance may differ materially from
anticipated results or performance. Also, forward-looking statements are based upon managements
estimates of fair values and of future costs, using currently available information. Therefore,
actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in those statements. Factors
that could cause such differences to occur include, but are not limited to, those discussed under
Item 1A, Risk Factors, and elsewhere in this Annual Report. We expressly disclaim any obligation
to update any forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report, whether as a result of
new information, future events or otherwise. For all of these reasons, you are cautioned not to
place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report.
ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market prices and
interest rates. We may from time to time be exposed to interest rate risk inherent in our
financial instruments, but are not currently subject to foreign currency or commodity price risk.
We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing
activities. We are not currently a party to any market risk sensitive instruments that could be
reasonably expected to have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Our operations and investments are interest rate sensitive. As overall manufactured housing
demand can be adversely affected by increases in interest rates, a significant increase in mortgage
interest rates may negatively affect the ability of buyers to secure financing. Higher interest
rates could unfavorably impact our revenues, gross margins and net earnings. Lower interest rates
could have the effect of reducing interest income earned on our investments, including cash
equivalents and inventory finance receivables. Our business is also sensitive to the effects of
inflation, particularly with respect to raw material and transportation costs. We may not be able
to offset inflation through increased selling prices.
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
Reference is made to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Reports thereon, the Notes
thereto, and the supplementary data commencing on page F-1 of this report, which Consolidated
Financial Statements, Reports, Notes and data are incorporated herein by reference.
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ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
None.
ITEM 9A. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness
of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered in this report, our
disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Managements Assessment on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
The Companys management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over
financial reporting based on the criteria in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation under
the criteria in Internal Control Integrated Framework, the Companys management concluded that
the Companys internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2011. For
Managements Report On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting refer to page F-2 of this report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting identified in
connection with this evaluation that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Companys internal controls over
financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION |
None.
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PART III
ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
For a description of the directors of the Company and other information called for by this
Item 10, see Election of Directors, and General-Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance of the Companys Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on
June 30, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference. Also see the information relating to
executive officers of the Company that follows Item 3 of Part I of this Report, which is
incorporated in this Item 10 by reference.
The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees
of the Company. A copy of the Companys Code of Ethics is located on the Companys website at
www.cavco.com or will be mailed, at no charge, upon request submitted to James P. Glew,
Secretary, Cavco Industries, Inc., 1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 800, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004.
If the Company makes any amendment to, or grants any waivers of, a provision of the Code of Ethics
that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting
officer or controller where such amendment or waiver is required to be disclosed under applicable
SEC rules, the Company intends to disclose such amendment or waiver and the reasons therefore on
its Internet website at www.cavco.com.
ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
For a description of the Companys executive compensation, see Election of Directors, and
Executive Compensation (other than the Compensation Committee Report) of the Companys Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 30, 2011, which is incorporated
herein by reference.
ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
For a description of the security ownership of management and certain beneficial owners, see
Stock Ownership of the Companys Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be
held on June 30, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table sets forth information as of March 31, 2011, with respect to our
compensation plans and individual compensation arrangements under which our equity securities were
authorized for issuance to directors, officers, employees, consultants and certain other persons
and entities in exchange for the provision to us of goods or services.
Number of | ||||||||||||
Securities to be | Weighted- | Number of Securities | ||||||||||
Issued Upon | Average Exercise | Remaining Available for | ||||||||||
Exercise of | Price of | Future Issuance Under | ||||||||||
Outstanding | Outstanding | Equity Compensation | ||||||||||
Options, | Options, | Plans (Excluding | ||||||||||
Warrants, and | Warrants, and | Securities Reflected in | ||||||||||
Plan Category | Rights | Rights | Column (a)) | |||||||||
(a) | (b) | (c) | ||||||||||
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders |
401,500 | $ | 27.95 | 349,126 | ||||||||
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders |
| | | |||||||||
Total |
401,500 | $ | 27.95 | 349,126 | ||||||||
ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
For a description of certain relationships and related transactions of the Company, see
Compensation Discussion and Analysis-Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
of the Companys Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Stockholders to be held on June 30, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES |
For a description of principal accounting fees and services, see Audit Fees and
Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditors of the Companys Proxy Statement for the
Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 30, 2011, which is incorporated herein by
reference.
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PART IV
ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
Financial Statements are listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1
of this report.
All schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is
included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
Exhibits
The documents listed below are being filed or have previously been filed on behalf of the
Company and are incorporated herein by reference from the documents indicated and made a part
hereof. Exhibits not identified as previously filed are filed herewith.
Exhibit | Filed/Furnished Herewith or | |||||
Number | Exhibit | Incorporated by Reference | ||||
3.1 | Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of Cavco
|
Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 | ||||
3.2 | Certificate of Amendment to
Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of Cavco
|
Exhibit 3.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2006 | ||||
3.3 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of
Cavco
|
Exhibit 3.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 | ||||
10.1 | * | Stock Incentive Plan of Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.6 to the Registration Statement on Form 10/A (File No. 000-08822) filed by Cavco on April 23, 2003, as amended by Form 10/A dated May 21, 2003, Form 10/A dated May 30, 2003, Form 10/A dated June 17, 2003, and Form 10/A dated June 20, 2003 | |||
10.1.1 | * | Form of stock option agreement
for Stock Incentive Plan
|
Exhibit 10.1a to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 | |||
10.1.2 | * | Restricted Stock Award
Agreement, dated June 30, 2003,
between Joseph H. Stegmayer and
Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.4 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 | |||
10.1.3 | * | Restricted Stock Award
Agreement dated June 1, 2007,
by and between Daniel L. Urness
and Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007 | |||
10.1.4 | * | Form of Stock Option Agreement
for Stock Incentive Plan
|
Exhibit 10.18 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 | |||
10.1.5 | * | Amendment to the Cavco
Industries, Inc. Stock
Incentive Plan
|
Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2010 | |||
10.2 | * | Cavco 2005 Stock Incentive Plan
|
Exhibit A to the Corporations Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2005, and incorporated by reference herein (this Exhibit is filed as an Exhibit to the Corporations Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-132925), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2006) | |||
10.2.1 | * | Representative Form of
Restricted Stock Award
Agreement for the applicable
Cavco stock incentive plan
|
Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007 | |||
10.2.2 | * | Form of Stock Option Agreement
for Stock Incentive Plan
|
Exhibit 10.18 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 |
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Exhibit | Filed/Furnished Herewith or | |||||
Number | Exhibit | Incorporated by Reference | ||||
10.2.3 | * | First Amendment to Cavco
Industries, Inc. 2005 Stock
Incentive Plan
|
Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2010 | |||
10.3 | * | Employment Agreement, dated
June 30, 2003, between Joseph
H. Stegmayer and Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 | |||
10.4 | * | First Amendment to Employment
Agreement, dated March 26,
2007, between Joseph H.
Stegmayer and Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.4 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 | |||
10.5 | * | Chief Executive Officer
Incentive Plan for Fiscal Year
2011
|
Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 27, 2010 | |||
10.6 | * | Amendment to Employment
Agreement, dated December 29,
2010, between Joseph H.
Stegmayer and Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.8 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2010 | |||
10.7 | * | Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer Incentive
Compensation Plan for Fiscal
Year 2009
|
Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on July 14, 2008 | |||
10.8 | * | Amendment to Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
Incentive Compensation Plan for
Fiscal Year 2009
|
Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 14, 2009 | |||
10.9 | * | Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer Incentive
Compensation Plan for Fiscal
Year 2010
|
Part II, Item 5 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2009 | |||
10.10 | * | Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer Incentive
Plan for Fiscal Year 2011
|
Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 27, 2010 | |||
10.11 | Distribution Agreement, dated
May 30, 2003, among Centex,
Cavco Industries, LLC, and
Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.9 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 | ||||
10.12 | Tax Sharing Agreement, dated
June 30, 2003, among Centex,
Centexs Affiliates, and Cavco
|
Exhibit 10.10 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 | ||||
10.13 | Asset Purchase Agreement dated
July 2009 by and among FH
Holding, Inc., Fleetwood
Enterprises, Inc. and certain
of its subsidiaries
|
Exhibit 10.1 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2009 | ||||
10.14 | Debtor-In-Possession Revolving
Credit Agreement dated November
29, 2010
|
Exhibit 10.1 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2010 | ||||
10.15 | Security Agreement dated
November 29, 2010
|
Exhibit 10.2 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2010 | ||||
10.16 | Asset Purchase Agreement dated
November 29, 2010
|
Exhibit 10.3 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2010 | ||||
21 | List of Subsidiaries of Cavco
|
Filed herewith | ||||
23 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP,
Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
|
Filed herewith |
37
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Exhibit | Filed/Furnished Herewith or | |||||
Number | Exhibit | Incorporated by Reference | ||||
31.1 | Certificate of Joseph H.
Stegmayer, Chief Executive
Officer, pursuant to Rule
13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act, as
amended
|
Filed herewith | ||||
31.2 | Certificate of Daniel L.
Urness, Chief Financial
Officer, pursuant to Rule
13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act, as
amended
|
Filed herewith | ||||
32.1 | ** | Certifications of Chief
Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, pursuant to
18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
Furnished herewith |
* | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement | |
** | These certifications are not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. These certifications are not to be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, unless Cavco specifically incorporates them by reference. |
Copies of any of the exhibits referred to above will be furnished at no cost to security holders
who make a written request to James P. Glew, Secretary, Cavco Industries, Inc., 1001 North Central
Avenue, Suite 800, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004 or via the Company website (www.cavco.com).
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized.
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC. |
||||
Date: June 3, 2011 | /s/ Joseph H. Stegmayer | |||
Joseph H. Stegmayer Chairman, | ||||
President and Chief Executive
Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed
below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
Signature | Title | Date | ||
/s/ Joseph H. Stegmayer
|
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | June 3, 2011 | ||
/s/ Daniel L. Urness
|
Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | June 3, 2011 | ||
/s/ William C. Boor
|
Director | June 3, 2011 | ||
/s/ Steven G. Bunger
|
Director | June 3, 2011 | ||
/s/ David A. Greenblatt
|
Director | June 3, 2011 | ||
/s/ Jack Hanna
|
Director | June 3, 2011 |
39
Table of Contents
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-2 | ||||
F-3 | ||||
F-5 | ||||
F-6 | ||||
F-7 | ||||
F-8 | ||||
F-9 |
F-1
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENTS REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
To the Shareholders of Cavco Industries, Inc.,
The management of Cavco Industries, Inc. (the Company), is responsible for establishing and
maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed
to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and
procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately
and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Companys assets; (2) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that the Companys
receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management
and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Companys assets that could have a material
effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, the Companys controls and procedures may not prevent or
detect misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide
only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met.
Because of the inherent limitations in all controls systems, no evaluation of controls can provide
absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting
based on the criteria in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on managements evaluation under the
criteria in Internal Control Integrated Framework, management concluded that the Companys
internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2011.
The effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011,
has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated
in their report which is included herein.
June 3, 2011
F-2
Table of Contents
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Cavco Industries, Inc.
Cavco Industries, Inc.
We have audited Cavco Industries, Inc.s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31,
2011, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Cavco
Industries, Inc.s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the companys internal control over
financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A
companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1)
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company;
and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Cavco Industries, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal
control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the March 31, 2011 consolidated financial statements of Cavco Industries,
Inc. and subsidiaries, and our report dated June 3, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Phoenix, Arizona
June 3, 2011
June 3, 2011
F-3
Table of Contents
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Cavco Industries, Inc.
Cavco Industries, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cavco Industries, Inc. and
subsidiaries (the Company) as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements
of operations, redeemable noncontrolling interest and stockholders equity, and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011. These consolidated financial statements are
the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the consolidated financial position of Cavco Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries at March
31, 2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), Cavco Industries Inc.s internal control over financial reporting as of
March 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 3,
2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Phoenix, Arizona
June 3, 2011
June 3, 2011
F-4
Table of Contents
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 76,513 | $ | 74,988 | ||||
Restricted cash |
436 | 227 | ||||||
Accounts receivable |
6,571 | 9,428 | ||||||
Inventories |
16,036 | 15,751 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
2,495 | 6,278 | ||||||
Debtor-in-possession note receivable |
40,060 | | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
4,720 | 6,240 | ||||||
Total current assets |
146,831 | 112,912 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, at cost: |
||||||||
Land |
16,046 | 16,194 | ||||||
Buildings and improvements |
19,672 | 20,345 | ||||||
Machinery and equipment |
11,453 | 10,983 | ||||||
47,171 | 47,522 | |||||||
Accumulated depreciation |
(11,178 | ) | (9,933 | ) | ||||
35,993 | 37,589 | |||||||
Inventory finance receivable, net |
17,759 | 12,929 | ||||||
Goodwill and other intangibles, net |
68,859 | 68,912 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 269,442 | $ | 232,342 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 3,495 | $ | 5,375 | ||||
Accrued liabilities |
26,245 | 26,919 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest note payable |
36,000 | | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
65,740 | 32,294 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
17,214 | 19,694 | ||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest |
35,819 | 34,578 | ||||||
Stockholders equity |
||||||||
Preferred
Stock, $.01 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; No shares issued or outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common
Stock, $.01 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; Outstanding 6,817,606 and 6,541,684 shares, respectively |
68 | 65 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
129,211 | 127,152 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
21,390 | 18,559 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
150,669 | 145,776 | ||||||
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and
stockholders equity |
$ | 269,442 | $ | 232,342 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-5
Table of Contents
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 171,827 | $ | 115,612 | $ | 105,362 | ||||||
Cost of sales |
147,549 | 104,915 | 94,591 | |||||||||
Gross profit |
24,278 | 10,697 | 10,771 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
21,345 | 16,718 | 11,213 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
2,933 | (6,021 | ) | (442 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
2,028 | 222 | 764 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from operations before income taxes |
4,961 | (5,799 | ) | 322 | ||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(889 | ) | 2,006 | 136 | ||||||||
Net income (loss) |
4,072 | (3,793 | ) | 458 | ||||||||
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest |
1,241 | (422 | ) | | ||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Cavco
common stockholders |
$ | 2,831 | $ | (3,371 | ) | $ | 458 | |||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Cavco
common stockholders: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.43 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | |||||
Diluted |
$ | 0.41 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | |||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
6,637,270 | 6,516,572 | 6,487,665 | |||||||||
Diluted |
6,859,457 | 6,516,572 | 6,692,932 | |||||||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-6
Table of Contents
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST AND
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
Stockholders Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
noncontrolling | Common Stock | Additional | Retained | |||||||||||||||||||||
interest | Shares | Amount | paid-in capital | earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance, April 1, 2008 |
$ | | 6,452,415 | $ | 65 | $ | 124,814 | $ | 21,472 | $ | 146,351 | |||||||||||||
Stock option exercises and
associated tax benefits |
| 54,428 | | 1,094 | | 1,094 | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | | 137 | | 137 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | | 458 | 458 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2009 |
| 6,506,843 | 65 | 126,045 | 21,930 | 148,040 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises and
associated tax benefits |
| 34,841 | | 735 | | 735 | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | | 372 | | 372 | ||||||||||||||||||
Capital contribution |
35,000 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
(422 | ) | | | | (3,371 | ) | (3,371 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2010 |
34,578 | 6,541,684 | 65 | 127,152 | 18,559 | 145,776 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises and
associated tax benefits |
| 275,922 | 3 | 1,388 | | 1,391 | ||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | | 671 | | 671 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
1,241 | | | | 2,831 | 2,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2011 |
$ | 35,819 | 6,817,606 | $ | 68 | $ | 129,211 | $ | 21,390 | $ | 150,669 | |||||||||||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-7
Table of Contents
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,072 | $ | (3,793 | ) | $ | 458 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net
cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,357 | 1,204 | 817 | |||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
129 | | | |||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(960 | ) | 1,442 | 1,951 | ||||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
671 | 372 | 137 | |||||||||
Non-cash interest income |
(996 | ) | | | ||||||||
Non-cash interest expense |
119 | | | |||||||||
Tax benefits from option exercises |
| 315 | 325 | |||||||||
Incremental tax benefits from option exercises |
| (275 | ) | (274 | ) | |||||||
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment |
(92 | ) | (10 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||||
Impairment charge on property, plant and equipment |
327 | 288 | | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
(209 | ) | 17 | 86 | ||||||||
Accounts receivable |
2,857 | (1,097 | ) | 3,859 | ||||||||
Inventories |
(285 | ) | 1,388 | 1,960 | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
3,783 | (2,594 | ) | (1,837 | ) | |||||||
Inventory finance notes receivable |
(4,959 | ) | (12,445 | ) | (484 | ) | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(2,673 | ) | 5,637 | (5,660 | ) | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
3,141 | (9,551 | ) | 1,326 | ||||||||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment |
(959 | ) | (391 | ) | (986 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment |
1,016 | 13 | 28 | |||||||||
Purchase of Fleetwood Homes assets and certain liabilities |
| (25,799 | ) | | ||||||||
Purchases of short-term investments |
| (1,488 | ) | (4,464 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments |
| 5,952 | | |||||||||
Investment in debtor-in-possession note receivable |
(39,064 | ) | | | ||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(39,007 | ) | (21,713 | ) | (5,422 | ) | ||||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
1,391 | 420 | 769 | |||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. stock |
| 35,000 | | |||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of note payable |
36,000 | | | |||||||||
Incremental tax benefits from option exercises |
| 275 | 274 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
37,391 | 35,695 | 1,043 | |||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
1,525 | 4,431 | (3,053 | ) | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
74,988 | 70,557 | 73,610 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
$ | 76,513 | $ | 74,988 | $ | 70,557 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |
||||||||||||
Cash paid during the year for income taxes |
$ | 1,589 | $ | 18 | $ | 45 | ||||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-8
Table of Contents
CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation. These Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of
Cavco Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company or Cavco). All
significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain
prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period classification. The
Company has evaluated subsequent events after the balance sheet date of March 31, 2011 through the
date of the filing of this report with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). See Notes
10 and 12 for the Companys discussion of disclosable subsequent events.
During fiscal year 2010, the Company and an investment partner, Third Avenue Value Fund
(Third Avenue), formed Fleetwood Homes, Inc. (Fleetwood Homes), with a contribution of $35,000
each for equal fifty-percent ownership interests. On August 17, 2009 (the Fleetwood Acquisition
Date), Fleetwood Homes acquired seven operating manufactured housing plants, two idle factories,
all related equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, certain trademarks and trade names,
intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases; and assumed express warranty liabilities
pertaining to certain of the previous operations. The purchase price of the transaction was
$25,800 and was paid in cash.
The results of the Fleetwood Homes operations have been included in the Consolidated Financial
Statements and the related Notes since the Fleetwood Acquisition Date in accordance with the
provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification
(the Codification or ASC) 810, Consolidation. Management has determined that, under generally
accepted accounting principles, although Fleetwood Homes is only fifty-percent owned by the
Company, Cavco has a controlling interest and is required to fully consolidate the results of
Fleetwood Homes. The primary factors that contributed to this determination were Cavcos board and
management control of Fleetwood Homes. To that end, members of Cavcos management hold two out of
three total seats on the board of directors of Fleetwood Homes. In addition, as part of a
management services agreement among Cavco, Fleetwood Homes and Third Avenue, Cavco provides all
executive-level management services to Fleetwood Homes including, among other things, general
management oversight, marketing and customer relations, accounting and cash management. Third
Avenues financial interest in Fleetwood Homes is considered a redeemable noncontrolling
interest, and is designated as such in the Consolidated Financial Statements (see Note 11).
Nature of Operations. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, the Company designs and produces
manufactured homes which are sold to a network of retailers located throughout the continental
United States. The Company also operates retail sales locations which offer the Companys homes to
retail customers.
Accounting Estimates. Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results
could differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparation of the financial statements.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Companys financial instruments consist of cash and
cash equivalents, accounts receivable, debtor-in-possession note receivable, inventory finance
notes receivable, accounts payable, noncontrolling interest note payable and certain accrued
liabilities. The carrying amounts of these instruments approximate fair value due to their nature
and relative shorter maturity periods.
Revenue Recognition. Revenue from homes sold to independent retailers is generally
recognized when the home is shipped, at which time title passes to the independent retailer, and
collectability is reasonably assured. Homes sold to independent retailers are generally paid for
prior to shipment or financed by the independent retailer through standard industry arrangements
which include repurchase agreements (see Note 5). Manufacturing sales are reduced by a provision
for estimated repurchase obligations based upon past experience and market conditions. Revenue
from homes sold under special inventory finance programs involving funds provided by the Company is
deferred until such time that sufficient payment for the related loan receivable is received by the
Company. Retail sales for Company locations are recognized when funding is reasonably assured, the
customer has entered into a legally binding sales contract, title has transferred and the home is
accepted by the customer, delivered and permanently located at the customers site.
Some of the Companys independent retailers operate multiple sales outlets. No independent
retailer accounted for 10% or more of our manufacturing sales during any fiscal year within the
three-year period ended March 31, 2011.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Highly liquid investments with insignificant interest rate risk
and original maturities of three months or less, when purchased, are classified as cash
equivalents. The Companys cash equivalents are comprised of U.S. Treasury money market funds and
money market funds with carrying amounts that approximate fair value due to their short-term
nature.
Restricted Cash. Restricted cash represents deposits received from retail customers required
to be held in trust accounts which the Company cannot access for general operating purposes until
the sale of the home to the retail customer is completed.
F-9
Table of Contents
Accounts Receivable. The Company extends competitive credit terms on a retailer-by-retailer
basis in the normal course of business and its accounts receivable are subject to normal industry
risk. The Company provides for reserves against accounts receivable for estimated losses that may
result from customers inability to pay. Uncollectible accounts receivable have historically been
insignificant and therefore the Company has no reserve for credit losses on trade receivables at
March 31, 2011 and 2010.
Inventories. Raw material inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out
method) or market. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are valued at the lower of cost
or market, using the specific identification method.
Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost.
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of each
asset. Estimated useful lives for significant classes of assets are as follows: buildings and
improvements 10 to 30 years, and machinery and equipment 7 to 25 years. Repairs and maintenance
charges are expensed as incurred.
Asset Impairment. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets
to be held and used when events and circumstances warrant such a review. The carrying value of a
long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such asset
is less than its carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which
the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset. Fair market value is
determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the
risk involved. Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar manner,
except that the fair market values are primarily based on independent appraisals and preliminary or
definitive contractual arrangements less costs to dispose. The Company recognized impairment
losses on long-lived assets of $327 and $288 during fiscal 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Inventory Finance Receivable. The Companys inventory finance notes receivable balance
consists of amounts loaned by the Company under inventory financing programs for the benefit of our
independent retailers home product inventory needs. Under the terms of these programs, the
Company provides a significant amount of the funds that independent financiers lend to distributors
to finance retail inventories of our products. In addition, the Company has entered into direct
inventory finance arrangements with distributors of our products wherein the Company provides all
of the inventory finance funds. Interest income on inventory finance notes receivable is
recognized as interest income on an accrual basis.
Allowance for Loan Loss. The allowance for loan losses reflects the Companys judgment of the
probable loss exposure on our inventory finance receivable held for investment as of the end of the
reporting period. The allowance for loan loss is developed at a portfolio level. A range of
probable losses is calculated and the Company makes a determination of the best estimate within the
range of loan losses. The Company has historically been able to resell repossessed homes, thereby
mitigating loss experience. If a default occurs and collateral is lost, the Company is exposed to
loss of the full value of the home loan. If the Company determines that it is probable that a
borrower will default, a specific reserve is determined and recorded within the estimated allowance
for loan loss. The Company recorded an allowance for loan loss of $169 and $40 at March 31, 2011
and 2010, respectively (see Note 3).
Goodwill and Other Intangibles. The Company accounts for goodwill and other intangible
assets in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 350, IntangiblesGoodwill and Other (ASC
350). As such, the Company tests goodwill annually for impairment by reporting unit and records
an impairment charge if the implied fair value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, is less
than its carrying value. As of March 31, 2011 and 2010, all of the Companys goodwill of $67,346
is attributable to its manufacturing reporting unit.
The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of March 31, 2011. The first
step under ASC 350 is to compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value of the
reporting unit. If the fair value is less than the carrying value, the second step must be
completed, comparing the fair value of goodwill to the carrying value of goodwill. In assessing
the fair value of the manufacturing reporting unit, the Company primarily considered the income
approach. Within the income approach, the fair value of the reporting unit was based on the
discounted cash flow method, which compares the present value of expected future cash flows with
the carrying value of the reporting units net assets. The income approach is dependent on a
number of significant management assumptions, including estimated future revenue growth rates,
gross margins, operating margins, capital expenditures, and discount rates. Based on this
analysis, the fair value of the reporting unit was deemed to be sufficiently greater than the
carrying value of the reporting unit as of March 31, 2011. As such, there was no need to continue
to the second step under ASC 350 and test the goodwill individually.
In conjunction with the Fleetwood Homes transaction, the Company acquired $1,600 of intangible
assets, $800 assigned to trademarks and trade names, which are considered indefinite lived
intangible assets and are not subject to amortization and $800 assigned to a customer-related
intangible subject to amortization over its useful life of 15 years. The Company tests other
intangibles for impairment annually and when indicators of impairment exist. Amortization expense
recognized for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $53 and $34, respectively,
leaving a net customer-related intangible balance at March 31, 2011 and 2010 of $713 and $766,
respectively.
F-10
Table of Contents
Warranties. The Company provides retail homebuyers or builder/developers with a twelve-month
warranty for manufacturing defects from the date of sale to the retail customer. Estimated warranty
costs are accrued as cost of sales at the time of sale. The warranty provision and reserves are
based on estimates of the amounts necessary to settle existing and future claims on homes sold as
of the balance sheet date. Factors used to calculate the warranty obligation are the estimated
amount of homes still under warranty including homes in retailer inventories, homes purchased by
consumers still within the twelve-month warranty period, the timing in which work orders are
completed, and the historical average costs incurred to service a home.
Retailer Volume Rebates. The Companys manufacturing operations sponsor volume rebate
programs under which certain sales to retailers and builder/developers can qualify for cash rebates
generally based on the level of sales attained during a twelve-month period. Volume rebates are
accrued at the time of sale and are recorded as a reduction of net sales.
Reserve for Repurchase Commitment. The Company is contingently liable under terms of
repurchase agreements with financial institutions providing inventory financing for retailers of
its products. These arrangements, which are customary in the industry, provide for the repurchase
of products sold to retailers in the event of default by the retailer. The risk of loss under these
agreements is spread over numerous retailers. The price the Company is obligated to pay generally
declines over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months) and is further reduced by the
resale value of repurchased homes. The Company applies FASB ASC 460, Guarantees (ASC 460) and
FASB ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (ASC 450-20), to account for its liability for repurchase
commitments. Under the provisions of ASC 460, during the period in which a home is sold
(inception of a repurchase commitment), the Company records the greater of the estimated fair value
of the non-contingent obligation or a contingent liability for each repurchase arrangement under
the provisions of ASC 450-20, based on historical information available, as a reduction to sales.
Additionally, subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates the
likelihood that it will be called on to perform under the inventory repurchase commitments. If it
becomes probable that a retailer will default and an ASC 450-20 loss reserve should be recorded,
then such contingent liability is recorded equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. Changes in
the reserve are recorded as an adjustment to sales. Following the inception of the commitment, the
recorded reserve is reduced over the repurchase period in conjunction with applicable curtailment
arrangements and is eliminated once the retailer sells the home.
Insurance. The Company is self-insured for a significant portion of its general and products
liability, auto liability, health and property coverage. Since October 1, 2009, and between October
1, 2006, and October 1, 2008, the Company has been fully insured for workers compensation. Prior
to October 1, 2006, and between October 1, 2008 and October 1, 2009, the Company was self-insured
for workers compensation liability. Insurance is maintained for catastrophic exposures and those
risks required to be insured by law. Estimated self-insurance costs are accrued for incurred claims
and estimated claims incurred but not yet reported. For product liability in particular, the
Company has purchased stop-loss insurance, which will reimburse the Company for claims exceeding
$1,000 per occurrence. A reserve for products liability is actuarially determined and reflected in
accrued liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The determination of claims
and expenses and the appropriateness of the related liabilities are regularly reviewed and updated.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest. During fiscal year 2010, the Company and an investment
partner, Third Avenue formed Fleetwood Homes, Inc., with a contribution of $35,000 each for equal
fifty-percent ownership interests. Management has determined that, although Fleetwood Homes is
only fifty-percent owned by the Company, Cavco has a controlling interest and is required to fully
consolidate the results of Fleetwood Homes. The primary factors that contributed to this
determination were Cavcos board and management control of Fleetwood Homes.
Third Avenues financial interest in Fleetwood Homes is considered a redeemable
noncontrolling interest. After
the fifth anniversary of the Fleetwood Acquisition Date,
(i.e. after August 17, 2014), or at any time after
Fleetwood Homes has earned net income of at least $10,000 in
each of its two most recently completed consecutive fiscal years, Third Avenue has the right (Put Right) to require Cavco to purchase
all of Third Avenues shares of Fleetwood Homes common stock for an amount based upon a calculation
that is designed to approximate fair value. Likewise, Cavco has the right (Call Right) to
require Third Avenue to sell all of its shares of Fleetwood Homes common stock based on the same
timing and calculation as described above for the Put Right (see
Note 11). The conditions for the Put Right or
Call Right to become exercisable have not been met as of March 31, 2011.
The purchase price to be payable by Cavco for the purchase of Third Avenues shares pursuant
to the exercise of the Put Right or the Call Right may be settled in cash or shares of common stock
of Cavco. However, the circumstances under which net share settlement would be allowed are not
solely within the control of Cavco (see
Note 11). There is no explicit cap on the maximum number of
common shares that could be potentially issuable upon redemption; therefore, GAAP requires that
Third Avenues noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood Homes be classified as a temporary equity
mezzanine item between liabilities and stockholders equity. In prior periods, the Company had
initially classified the noncontrolling interest as a component of stockholders equity. However,
as of March 31, 2011 and for all respective prior periods, the noncontrolling interest was
reclassified to be a temporary equity mezzanine item. The reclassification did not affect the
Companys current or historical consolidated statements of operations or cash flows, and the
Company believes the effects of this reclassification on the historical consolidated balance sheets
and statements of stockholders equity are not material.
F-11
Table of Contents
Advertising. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were $241, $247 and $268 for the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Freight. Substantially all freight costs are reimbursed by the Companys retailers.
Reimbursed freight expense of $8,168, $5,855 and $5,931 were recognized in net sales and cost of
sales for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Income Taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes,
(ASC 740) and provides for income taxes utilizing the asset and liability approach. Under this
approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes generally
represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes
during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax bases of the
Companys assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when
changes are enacted. The Company recognized an income tax benefit of $950 resulting from a
decrease in Arizona statutory income tax rates, enacted during the fourth quarter of fiscal year
2011.
The calculation of tax liabilities involves considering uncertainties in the application of
complex tax regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based
on the Companys estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If
payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would
result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the liabilities are no longer determined
to be necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment,
a further charge to expense would result.
Net Income Per Share. Basic earnings per common share is computed based on the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings
per common share is computed based on the combination of dilutive common share equivalents,
comprised of shares issuable under the Companys share-based compensation plans and the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Dilutive common
share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money options to purchase shares, which is
calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method.
However, when a net loss exists, no potential common stock equivalents are included in the
computation of the diluted per-share amount because the computation would result in an
anti-dilutive per-share amount. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and
diluted earnings per share:
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Cavco
common stockholders (in thousands) |
$ | 2,831 | $ | (3,371 | ) | $ | 458 | |||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
6,637,270 | 6,516,572 | 6,487,665 | |||||||||
Add: Effect of dilutive stock options |
222,187 | | 205,267 | |||||||||
Diluted |
6,859,457 | 6,516,572 | 6,692,932 | |||||||||
Net income
(loss) per share attributable to Cavco common stockholders: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.43 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | |||||
Diluted |
$ | 0.41 | $ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 0.07 | |||||
Anti-dilutive common stock equivalents excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per
share were 84, 246,192 and 7,052 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
Comprehensive Income (Loss). Total comprehensive income (loss) includes net income and other
comprehensive income (loss). The Company had no other comprehensive income (loss) for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. As such, net income (loss) equals total comprehensive
income (loss) of $2,831, $(3,371) and $458 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009, respectively.
F-12
Table of Contents
Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In July 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board
issued ASU 2010-20, Receivables (Topic 310): Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing
Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses, which requires entities to provide new disclosures
in their financial statements about their financing receivables, including credit risk exposures
and the allowance for credit losses on a disaggregated basis. The ASU is effective for public
entities for reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2010 for disclosures of financing
receivables as of the end of a reporting period. The disclosures related to activity that occurs
during a reporting period are required to be adopted for periods beginning on or after December 15,
2010. In April 2011,
the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, A Creditors Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a
Troubled Debt Restructuring. ASU 2011-02 clarifies when creditors should classify loan
modifications as troubled debt restructurings. In addition, ASU 2011-02 deferred the effective
date of the disclosures about troubled debt restructurings in ASU 2010-20 to periods beginning
after June 15, 2011. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2010-20 relating to period-end
disclosures as of December 31, 2010, and the remaining provisions during the quarter ended March
31, 2011 (see Note 3), except for the disclosures related to troubled debt restructurings, which
will be effective for the Companys quarter ended September 30, 2011. The Company is currently
evaluating the effect ASU 2011-02 will have on the Companys disclosures in the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Disclosure
of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations, which clarifies the disclosures
required of a public entity regarding pro forma information for business combinations that occurred
in the current reporting period. The required disclosures include pro forma revenue and earnings
of the combined entity for the current reporting period as though the acquisition date had been as
of the beginning of the annual reporting period. When comparative financial statements are
presented, the pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the comparable prior
reporting period should be reported as though the acquisition date for business combinations had
been as of the beginning of the prior annual reporting period. In addition, disclosure of the
nature and amount of any material pro forma adjustments in the reported pro forma revenue and
earnings will be required. This ASU is effective for business combinations for which the
acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or
after December 15, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2010-29 will have on
the Companys disclosures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB and other regulatory
bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise
discussed, management believes that the impact of recently issued standards, which are not yet
effective, will not have a material impact on the Companys Consolidated Financial Statements upon
adoption.
2. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions
Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Raw materials |
$ | 10,208 | $ | 10,158 | ||||
Work in process |
2,499 | 2,614 | ||||||
Finished goods |
3,329 | 2,979 | ||||||
$ | 16,036 | $ | 15,751 | |||||
Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Estimated warranties |
$ | 9,371 | $ | 13,891 | ||||
Salaries, wages and benefits |
4,342 | 3,407 | ||||||
Deferred margin |
4,305 | 2,615 | ||||||
Customer deposits |
1,857 | 1,610 | ||||||
Accrued insurance |
1,731 | 1,589 | ||||||
Accrued volume rebates |
885 | 701 | ||||||
Accrued taxes |
707 | 406 | ||||||
Reserve for repurchase commitments |
597 | 760 | ||||||
Other (various) |
2,450 | 1,940 | ||||||
$ | 26,245 | $ | 26,919 | |||||
F-13
Table of Contents
3. Inventory Finance Notes Receivable and Allowance for Loan Loss
The Companys inventory finance notes receivable balance consists of two classes: (i) amounts
loaned by the Company under participation inventory financing programs; and (ii) direct inventory
financing arrangements for the home product inventory needs of our independent distribution base.
Under the terms of the participation programs, the Company provides loans to independent
financial institutions representing a significant portion of the funds that such financiers then
lend to retailers to finance their inventory purchases of our products. The participation
inventory finance notes receivable are unsecured general obligations of the independent floorplan
lenders.
Under the terms of the direct inventory finance arrangements, the Company provides all of the
inventory finance funds. These notes are secured by the inventory collateral and other security
depending on borrower circumstances. The other terms of direct inventory finance arrangements vary
depending on the needs of the borrower and the opportunity for the Company, but generally follow
the same tenets as the participation programs.
Inventory finance notes receivable, net, consists of the following by class of financing
receivable (in thousands):
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Direct inventory finance notes receivable |
$ | 12,157 | $ | 8,216 | ||||
Participation inventory finance notes receivable |
5,771 | 4,753 | ||||||
Allowance for loan loss |
(169 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||
$ | 17,759 | $ | 12,929 | |||||
The Company evaluates the potential for loss from its participation inventory finance programs
based on the independent lenders overall financial stability and has determined that an applicable
allowance for loan loss was not needed at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
With respect to the direct inventory finance notes receivable, the risk of loss is spread over
numerous borrowers. Borrower inventory levels and activity are monitored in conjunction with
third-party service providers where applicable, to estimate the potential for loss on the related
notes receivable, considering potential exposures including repossession costs, remarketing
expenses, impairment of value and the risk of collateral loss. The Company has historically been
able to resell repossessed unused homes, thereby mitigating loss experience. If a default occurs
and collateral is lost, the Company is exposed to loss of the full value of the home loan. If the
Company determines that it is probable that a borrower will default, a specific reserve is
determined and recorded within the estimated allowance for loan loss. The Company recorded an
allowance for loan loss of $169 and $40 at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The following
table represents changes in the estimated allowance for loan losses, including related additions
and deductions to the allowance for loan loss applicable to the direct inventory finance notes
receivable (in thousands):
Direct Inventory Finance | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 40 | $ | | ||||
Provision for credit losses |
204 | 51 | ||||||
Loans charged off, net of recoveries |
(75 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period |
$ | 169 | $ | 40 | ||||
F-14
Table of Contents
The following table disaggregates inventory finance notes receivable and the estimated
allowance for loan loss for each class of financing receivable by evaluation methodology (in
thousands):
Direct Inventory Finance | Participation Inventory Finance | |||||||||||||||
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Inventory finance notes receivable: |
||||||||||||||||
Collectively evaluated for impairment |
$ | 11,116 | $ | 5,400 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Individually evaluated for impairment |
1,041 | 2,816 | 5,771 | 4,753 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 12,157 | $ | 8,216 | $ | 5,771 | $ | 4,753 | ||||||||
Allowance for loan loss: |
||||||||||||||||
Collectively evaluated for impairment |
$ | (169 | ) | $ | (40 | ) | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Individually evaluated for impairment |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | (169 | ) | $ | (40 | ) | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Loans are subject to regular review and are given managements attention whenever a problem
situation appears to be developing. Loans with indicators of potential performance problems are
placed on watch list status and are subject to additional monitoring and scrutiny. Nonperforming
status includes loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis and accruing loans with principal
payments past due 90 days or more. The Companys policy is to place loans on nonaccrual status
when interest is past due and remains unpaid 90 days or more or when there is a clear indication
that the borrower has the inability or unwillingness to meet payments as they become due. Payments
received on nonaccrual loans are recorded on a cash basis, first to interest and then to principal.
Charge-offs occur when it becomes probable that outstanding amounts will not be recovered. At
March 31, 2011, the Company did not have any loans on nonaccrual status and was not aware of any
potential problem loans that would have a material effect on the inventory finance notes receivable
balance. The following table disaggregates the Companys inventory finance notes receivable by
class and credit quality indicator (in thousands):
Direct Inventory Finance | Participation Inventory Finance | |||||||||||||||
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Risk profile based on payment activity: |
||||||||||||||||
Performing |
$ | 11,995 | $ | 8,210 | $ | 5,771 | $ | 4,753 | ||||||||
Watch list |
162 | 6 | | | ||||||||||||
Nonperforming |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 12,157 | $ | 8,216 | $ | 5,771 | $ | 4,753 | ||||||||
The Company has concentrations of inventory finance notes receivable related to factory-built
homes located in the following states, measured as a percentage of inventory finance notes
receivable principal balance outstanding:
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Arizona |
21.9 | % | 23.6 | % | ||||
Texas |
18.0 | % | 22.8 | % | ||||
California |
9.0 | % | 11.7 | % |
The States of California, Arizona, and to a lesser degree Texas, have experienced economic
weakness. The risks created by these concentrations have been considered in the determination of
the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. No other states had concentrations in excess of 10%
of the principal balance of the inventory finance notes receivable as of March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively.
F-15
Table of Contents
4. Employee Benefit Plans
The Company has a self-funded group medical plan which is administered by third-party
administrators. The medical plan has reinsurance coverage limiting liability for any individual
employee loss to a maximum of $200. Incurred claims identified under the third-party
administrators incident reporting system and incurred but not reported claims are accrued based on
estimates that incorporate the Companys past experience, as well as other considerations such as
the nature of each claim or incident, relevant trend factors and advice from consulting actuaries
when necessary. Medical claims expense was $3,391, $2,689 and $2,692 for the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
The Company sponsors an employee savings plan (the 401k Plan) that is intended to provide
participating employees with additional income upon retirement. Employees may contribute their
eligible compensation up to federal limits to the 401k Plan. The Company match is discretionary,
and may be up to 50% of the first 5% of eligible compensation contributed by employees. For
calendar year 2010, the Company match was 20% of the first 3% of eligible compensation contributed
by employees. Employees are immediately eligible to participate and employer matching
contributions are vested progressively over a four year period. Employer matching contribution
expense was $117, $61 and $65 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
5. Commitments and Contingencies
Repurchase Contingencies The Company is contingently liable under terms of repurchase
agreements with financial institutions providing inventory financing for independent retailers of
its products. These arrangements, which are customary in the industry, provide for the repurchase
of products sold to retailers in the event of default by the retailer. The risk of loss under
these agreements is spread over numerous retailers. The price the Company is obligated to pay
generally declines over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months) and is further
reduced by the resale value of repurchased homes. The Company applies ASC 460 and ASC 450-20 to
account for its liability for repurchase commitments. Under the provisions of ASC 460, issuance of
a guarantee results in two different types of obligations: (1) a non-contingent obligation to stand
ready to perform under the repurchase commitment (accounted for pursuant to ASC 460) and (2) a
contingent obligation to make future payments under the conditions of the repurchase commitment
(accounted for pursuant to ASC 450-20). Management reviews the retailers inventories to estimate
the amount of inventory subject to repurchase obligation which is used to calculate (1) the fair
value of the non-contingent obligation for repurchase commitments and (2) the contingent liability
based on historical information available at the time. During the period in which a home is sold
(inception of a repurchase commitment), the Company records the greater of these two calculations
as a liability for repurchase commitments and as a reduction to sales.
(1) The Company estimates the fair value of the non-contingent portion of its manufacturers
inventory repurchase commitment under the provisions of ASC 460 when a home is shipped to retailers
whose floor plan financing includes a repurchase commitment. The fair value of the inventory
repurchase agreement is determined by calculating the net present value of the difference in (a)
the interest cost to carry the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the
prevailing floor plan note interest rate and (b) the interest cost to carry the inventory over the
maximum repurchase liability period at the interest rate of a similar type loan without a
manufacturers repurchase agreement in force.
(2) The Company estimates the contingent obligation to make future payments under its
manufacturers inventory repurchase commitment for the same pool of commitments as used in the fair
value calculation above and records the greater of the two calculations. This contingent obligation
is estimated using historical loss factors, including the frequency of repurchases and the losses
experienced by the Company for repurchased inventory.
Additionally, subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates
the likelihood that it will be called on to perform under the inventory repurchase commitments. If
it becomes probable that a retailer will default and an ASC 450-20 loss reserve should be recorded,
then such contingent liability is recorded equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. Based on
identified changes in retailers financial conditions, the Company evaluates the probability of
default for retailers who are identified at an elevated risk of default and applies a probability
of default, based on historical default rates. Commensurate with this default probability
evaluation, the Company reviews repurchase notifications received from floor plan sources and
reviews retailer inventory for expected repurchase notifications based on various communications
from the lenders and the retailers as well as for dealers who, the Company believes, are
experiencing financial difficulty. The Companys repurchase commitments for the retailers in the
category of elevated risk of default are excluded from the pool of commitments used in both of the
calculations at (1) and (2) above. Changes in the reserve are recorded as an adjustment to sales.
The maximum amount for which the Company was liable under such agreements approximated $11,136
and $12,682 at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, without reduction for the resale value of the
homes. The Company had a reserve for repurchase commitments of $597 and $760 at March 31, 2011 and
2010, respectively. The Company made payments under repurchase commitments of $26 and $45 during
fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively.
F-16
Table of Contents
Leases The Company leases certain equipment and facilities under operating leases with
various renewal options. Rent expense was $1,432, $1,572 and $1,708 for fiscal years ended March
31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Future minimum lease commitments under all noncancelable
operating leases having a remaining term in excess of one year at March 31, 2011, are as follows
(in thousands):
Fiscal Year |
||||
2012 |
$ | 666 | ||
2013 |
597 | |||
2014 |
71 | |||
2015 |
1 | |||
2016 and thereafter |
1 | |||
$ | 1,336 | |||
Letter of Credit The Company maintains a $250 outstanding letter of credit with J.P. Morgan
Chase Bank N.A. issued to satisfy the remaining requirements of the self-funded workers
compensation program which concluded on September 30, 2006. There have been no draws against the
letter of credit.
Legal Matters The Company is party to certain legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary
course and are incidental to its business. Certain of the claims pending against the Company in
these proceedings allege, among other things, breach of contract and warranty, product liability
and personal injury. Although litigation is inherently uncertain, based on past experience and the
information currently available, management does not believe that the currently pending and
threatened litigation or claims will have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated
financial position, liquidity or results of operations. However, future events or circumstances
currently unknown to management will determine whether the resolution of pending or threatened
litigation or claims will ultimately have a material effect on the Companys consolidated financial
position, liquidity or results of operations in any future reporting periods.
6. Valuation Accounts
The following table sets forth certain valuation accounts for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2011, 2010 and 2009 (in thousands).
Liability | ||||||||||||||||||||
Assumed with | Charged to | |||||||||||||||||||
Beginning | Fleetwood | Costs and | Payments and | Ending | ||||||||||||||||
Balance | Homes | Expenses | Deductions | Balance | ||||||||||||||||
Reserve for repurchase commitments: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Year ended March 31, 2011 |
$ | 760 | | (137 | ) | (26 | ) | $ | 597 | |||||||||||
Year ended March 31, 2010 |
$ | 741 | | 64 | (45 | ) | $ | 760 | ||||||||||||
Year ended March 31, 2009 |
$ | 950 | | (30 | ) | (179 | ) | $ | 741 | |||||||||||
Accrual for estimated warranties: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Year ended March 31, 2011 |
$ | 13,891 | | 3,660 | (8,180 | ) | $ | 9,371 | ||||||||||||
Year ended March 31, 2010 |
$ | 5,902 | 11,184 | 4,205 | (7,400 | ) | $ | 13,891 | ||||||||||||
Year ended March 31, 2009 |
$ | 6,619 | | 5,207 | (5,924 | ) | $ | 5,902 | ||||||||||||
F-17
Table of Contents
7. Income Taxes
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009 were as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Current |
||||||||||||
Federal |
$ | 1,577 | $ | (3,124 | ) | $ | (1,908 | ) | ||||
State |
272 | (324 | ) | (179 | ) | |||||||
Total current |
1,849 | (3,448 | ) | (2,087 | ) | |||||||
Deferred |
||||||||||||
Federal |
49 | 1,279 | 1,760 | |||||||||
State |
(1,009 | ) | 163 | 191 | ||||||||
Total deferred |
(960 | ) | 1,442 | 1,951 | ||||||||
Total provision (benefit) |
$ | 889 | $ | (2,006 | ) | $ | (136 | ) | ||||
A reconciliation of income taxes computed by applying the expected federal statutory income
tax rates for fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 of 34% to income before income taxes
to the total income tax provision (benefit) reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
is as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Federal income tax at statutory rate |
$ | 1,687 | $ | (1,969 | ) | $ | 110 | |||||
State income taxes (benefit), net of federal benefit |
200 | (172 | ) | 33 | ||||||||
True-up of deferred tax rate |
(950 | ) | (63 | ) | (157 | ) | ||||||
True-up of net operating loss carryback claim |
(73 | ) | 131 | | ||||||||
Other |
25 | 67 | (122 | ) | ||||||||
Total income tax provision (benefit) |
$ | 889 | $ | (2,006 | ) | $ | (136 | ) | ||||
Net current deferred tax assets and net long-term deferred tax liabilities at March 31, 2011
and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Net current deferred tax assets |
||||||||
Warranty reserves |
$ | 3,528 | $ | 5,231 | ||||
Insurance reserves |
495 | 456 | ||||||
Repurchase reserves |
225 | 286 | ||||||
Other |
472 | 267 | ||||||
$ | 4,720 | $ | 6,240 | |||||
Net long-term deferred tax (liabilities) assets |
||||||||
Goodwill and other intangibles |
$ | (20,769 | ) | $ | (19,702 | ) | ||
Property, plant, equipment and depreciation |
(1,564 | ) | (2,731 | ) | ||||
Net operating loss carryforwards |
2,423 | 883 | ||||||
Deferred margin |
1,620 | 984 | ||||||
Stock based compensation |
717 | 540 | ||||||
Other |
359 | 332 | ||||||
$ | (17,214 | ) | $ | (19,694 | ) | |||
The Company recorded an insignificant amount of unrecognized tax benefits during the years
ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, and there would be an insignificant effect on the effective
tax rate if all unrecognized tax benefits were recognized. The Company classifies interest and
penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At March 31, 2011, the
Company has federal and state net operating loss carryforwards that total $4,722 and $17,065,
respectively, that begin to expire in 2031 and 2014, respectively. On November 6, 2009, the Worker,
Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009 was enacted, which allowed, among other things,
for certain federal net operating losses to be carried back up to five years to offset taxable
income in certain prior years, for which the Company received a tax refund of $3,979 in January
2011.
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The Company periodically evaluates the deferred tax assets based on the requirements
established in FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recording of a valuation allowance
when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be
realized. The determination of the need for or amount of any valuation allowance involves
significant management judgment and is based upon the evaluation of both positive and negative
evidence, including management projections of anticipated taxable income. At March 31, 2011, the
Company evaluated forecasted taxable income and determined that all of the deferred tax assets
would be utilized in future periods. Ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on
our ability to meet these forecasts in future periods. At March 31, 2011, the Companys deferred
tax assets do not include $3,114 of excess tax benefits from employee stock option exercises that
are a component of its net operating loss carryforwards. Additional paid-in-capital will be
increased by $3,114 if and when such excess tax benefits are realized.
Income tax returns are filed in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in several state
jurisdictions. In July 2010, the Company received a notice of examination from the Internal Revenue
Service (IRS) for the Companys federal income tax return for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009. The Company is no longer subject to examination by the IRS or by tax authorities in Arizona
and California for years before fiscal year 2007. The Company believes that its income tax filing
positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that
will result in a material change to the Companys financial position. The total amount of
unrecognized tax benefit related to any particular tax position is not anticipated to change
significantly within the next 12 months.
8. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company maintains stock incentive plans whereby stock option grants or awards of
restricted stock may be made to certain of our officers, directors and key employees. The plans,
which are stockholder approved, permit the award of up to 1,350,000 shares of the Companys common
stock, of which 349,126 shares were still available for grant at March 31, 2011. When options are
exercised, new shares of the Companys common stock are issued. Stock options may not be granted
below 100% of the fair market value of the Companys common stock at the date of grant and
generally expire seven years from the date of grant. Stock options and awards of restricted stock
vest over a three- to five-year period. The stock incentive plans provide for accelerated vesting
of stock options and removal of restrictions on restricted stock awards upon a change in control
(as defined in the plans).
The Company applies the fair value recognition provisions of FASB ASC 718, CompensationStock
Compensation (ASC 718). Stock option compensation expense decreased income before income taxes
by approximately $655, $356 and $121 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively. Total compensation cost, including costs related to the vesting of restricted stock
awards, charged against income for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was
approximately $671, $372 and $137, respectively. As of March 31, 2011, total unrecognized
compensation cost related to stock options was approximately $1,537 and the related
weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is approximately 2.41 years.
The following table summarizes the option activity within the Companys stock-based
compensation plans for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011:
Weighted | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Average | Aggregate | ||||||||||||||
Average | Remaining | Intrinsic | ||||||||||||||
Number | Exercise | Contractual | Value | |||||||||||||
of Shares | Price | Term | (in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at March 31, 2010 |
681,580 | $ | 18.88 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
65,500 | 35.80 | ||||||||||||||
Exercised |
(345,580 | ) | 11.55 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at March 31, 2011 |
401,500 | $ | 27.95 | 3.59 | $ | 6,910 | ||||||||||
Exercisable at March 31, 2011 |
192,750 | $ | 26.81 | 1.59 | $ | 3,537 | ||||||||||
The weighted-average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted during the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $13.99, $10.52 and $11.26, respectively. The total
intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
were $8,301, $850 and $1,097, respectively.
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The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to determine the fair value of
stock options. The determination of the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using an
option-pricing model is affected by the Companys stock price as well as assumptions regarding a
number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include actual and projected employee
stock option exercise behaviors, the Companys expected stock price volatility over the expected
term of the awards, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends. The fair values of options
granted were estimated at the date of grant using the following weighted average assumptions:
Fiscal Year | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Volatility |
44.1 | % | 41.2 | % | 36.1 | % | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate |
1.8 | % | 2.6 | % | 3.0 | % | ||||||
Dividend yield |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Expected option life in years |
4.74 | 5.41 | 4.45 |
The Company estimates the expected term of options granted by using the simplified method as
prescribed by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107 and SAB 110. The Company uses the
simplified method as the Company does not have sufficient historical share option exercise data due
to the limited period of time the Companys equity shares have been publicly traded. The Company
estimates the expected volatility of its common stock taking into consideration its historical
stock price movement and its expected future stock price trends based on known or anticipated
events. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate that it uses in the option pricing model on
U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term on the options.
The Company does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and therefore
uses an expected dividend yield of zero in the option-pricing model. The Company is required to
estimate future forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods
if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company uses historical data to estimate
pre-vesting option forfeitures and records stock-based compensation cost only for those awards that
are expected to vest. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense using the
straight-line attribution method.
Restricted stock awards are valued at the closing market value of the Companys common stock
on the date of grant, and the total value of the award is expensed ratably over the service period
of the employees receiving the grants. A summary of restricted stock activity within the Companys
share-based compensation plans and changes for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 is as follows:
Grant-Date | ||||||||
Shares | Fair Value | |||||||
Nonvested at March 31, 2010 |
840 | $ | 35.67 | |||||
Vested |
(342 | ) | 35.09 | |||||
Nonvested at March 31, 2011 |
498 | $ | 36.07 | |||||
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the provisions of ASC 718 resulted
in a reclassification to reduce net cash provided by operating activities with an offsetting
increase in net cash provided by financing activities of $0, $275 and $274, respectively, related
to incremental tax benefits from stock options exercised during the periods.
9. Debtor-In-Possession Note Receivable
On November 29, 2010, Fleetwood Homes, Inc. entered into a Debtor-In-Possession (DIP)
Revolving Credit Agreement (the DIP Agreement) and a Security Agreement (the DIP Security
Agreement) with Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries (Palm Harbor). Palm
Harbor is a manufacturer and marketer of factory-built housing and a provider of related financing
and insurance. Also on November 29, 2010, Fleetwood Homes newly-formed subsidiary, Palm Harbor
Homes, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (Acquisition Co.) entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement
(the Purchase Agreement) with Palm Harbor.
Palm Harbor and those of its subsidiaries that were parties to the DIP Agreement and the
Purchase Agreement filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on November 29, 2010. Pursuant to
the terms and conditions of the DIP Agreement, Fleetwood Homes agreed to provide up to $55,000 for
a debtor-in-possession credit facility to finance Palm Harbors reorganization under chapter 11 of
the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. The DIP loan facility bore interest at 7% per annum. Palm Harbors
obligations under the DIP Agreement were secured by a first position lien on substantially all of
Palm Harbors assets. The credit facility was partially used by Palm Harbor to extinguish its
Textron Financial Corporation debt facility and to fund post-petition operations, commitments to
customers, and employee obligations.
At March 31, 2011, the outstanding balance on the DIP credit facility was $40,060. The
Company had accrued interest receivable from Palm Harbor of $262 as of March 31, 2011, which was
subsequently added to the principal balance of the loan at the election of Palm Harbor as allowed
under the terms of the DIP Agreement. Subsequent to the Companys fiscal year end, on April 23,
2011, the DIP credit facility was retired in conjunction with the closing of the acquisition of
Palm Harbor, discussed further below.
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10. Subsequent Event Acquisition of Palm Harbor
Description of the Acquisition Fleetwood Homes, through its wholly-owned subsidiary,
Acquisition Co., entered into the Purchase Agreement with Palm Harbor to purchase substantially all
of the assets, and assume specified liabilities, of Palm Harbor, pursuant to an auction process
under Section 363 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. On March 1, 2011, Acquisition Co. was selected as
the successful bidder in the court auction. The transaction was approved and a sale order entered
by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court on March 4, 2011.
Subsequent to the Companys fiscal year end, Acquisition Co. completed the purchase of the
Palm Harbor assets and the assumption of specified liabilities pursuant to the Amended and Restated
Asset Purchase Agreement dated March 1, 2011. The effective date of the transaction was April 23,
2011 (the Acquisition Date). The results of Palm Harbors operations were not included in the
Companys Consolidated Financial Statements. The aggregate gross purchase price was $83,900 and is
exclusive of transaction costs, specified liabilities assumed and post-closing adjustments. Of the
purchase price, (i) approximately $45,301 was used to retire the debtor-in-possession loan
previously made by Fleetwood Homes to Palm Harbor; and (ii) $13,400 was deposited in escrow pending
regulatory approval to transfer the stock of Standard Casualty Co. to Acquisition Co., at which
time the escrowed funds will be released to the Palm Harbor estate. The purchase price was funded
by Fleetwood Homes cash on hand, along with equal contributions of $36,000 each from the Company
and Third Avenue (see Note 12).
Acquisition Co. acquired five operating manufactured housing production facilities, idled
factories in nine locations, 49 operating retail locations, one office building, real estate, all
related equipment, accounts receivable, customer deposits, inventory, certain trademarks and trade
names, intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases. In addition, Acquisition Co.
purchased all of the
outstanding shares of CountryPlace Acceptance Corp., CountryPlace Mortgage, Ltd. and their
wholly-owned finance subsidiaries. Acquisition Co. also acquired all of the outstanding shares of
Standard Insurance Agency, Inc. and its wholly-owned insurance agency subsidiary, subject, however
to a claw-back agreement to return those shares to Palm Harbor if regulatory approval of the
Standard Casualty Co. transfer cannot be obtained, as described above. Further, Acquisition Co.
assumed certain liabilities of Palm Harbor, including primarily debt facilities of the finance
subsidiaries and certain warranty obligations.
The foregoing descriptions of the DIP Agreement, DIP Security Agreement, and Purchase
Agreement do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the DIP
Agreement, the DIP Security Agreement, and the Purchase Agreement which were filed as Exhibits
10.1, 10.2, and 10.3, respectively, to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC
on November 29, 2010.
The purchase of the Palm Harbor assets provides further geographic expansion, increased home
distribution, and entry into financial and insurance businesses specific to the Companys industry.
The transaction further expanded the Companys geographic reach at a national level by adding
factories and retail locations serving the Northwest, South Central, Southeast and Mid-Atlantic
regions. The Company believes it will have the opportunity to achieve certain synergies and cost
reductions by eliminating redundant processes and overhead.
The closing of the acquisition of the shares of Standard Casualty Co. has not yet occurred,
pending final approval by the Texas Department of Insurance. The allocation of the purchase price
is not completed as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K due to the short duration since
the Acquisition Date and will be finalized upon completion of the analysis of the fair values of
Palm Harbors assets and specified liabilities. The Company will finalize the amounts recognized
as we obtain the information necessary to complete the analysis. The acquisition will be accounted
for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC 805, Business
Combinations (ASC 805). The resulting goodwill or bargain purchase, supplemental pro forma
information and other disclosures required under ASC 805 are not available at this time and will be
included in the Companys next quarterly filing. The historical Palm Harbor financial statements
and additional pro-forma financial information required by Item 9.01(a) of Form 8-K will be filed
by an amendment to the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 28, 2011 within the time period
specified in the instructions to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K.
11. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling Interest During fiscal year 2010, the Company and an investment partner,
Third Avenue formed Fleetwood Homes, Inc., with a contribution of $35,000 each for equal
fifty-percent ownership interests. On July 21, 2009, Fleetwood Homes entered into an asset
purchase agreement with FEI and certain of its subsidiaries to purchase certain assets and
liabilities of its manufactured housing business. On the Fleetwood Acquisition Date, Fleetwood
Homes acquired seven operating manufactured housing plants and two idle factories. Fleetwood Homes
also purchased all related equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, certain trademarks and trade
names, intellectual property, and specified contracts and leases; and assumed express warranty
liabilities pertaining to certain of the previous operations. The purchase price of the
transaction was $25,800 and was paid in cash by Fleetwood Homes.
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Table of Contents
The results of the Fleetwood Homes operations have been included in the Consolidated Financial
Statements and the related Notes since the Fleetwood Acquisition Date in accordance with the
provisions of ASC 810. Management has determined that, under generally accepted accounting
principles, although Fleetwood Homes is only fifty-percent owned by the Company, Cavco has a
controlling interest and is required to fully consolidate the results of Fleetwood Homes. The
primary factors that contributed to this determination were Cavcos board and management control of
Fleetwood Homes. To that end, members of Cavcos management hold two out of three total seats on
the board of directors of Fleetwood Homes. In addition, as part of a management services agreement
among Cavco, Fleetwood Homes and Third Avenue, Cavco provides all executive-level management
services to Fleetwood Homes including, among other things, general management oversight, marketing
and customer relations, accounting and cash management. Third Avenues financial interest in
Fleetwood Homes is considered a redeemable noncontrolling interest, and is designated as such in
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Temporary Equity Classification ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity includes
guidance from the SEC Staff Announcement regarding the classification and measurement of redeemable
securities, including a requirement that equity instruments that are not required to be classified
as liabilities be classified as temporary equity and outside of permanent equity if they are
redeemable (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option
of the holder, or (3) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the
issuer.
In accordance with the Shareholder Agreement entered into among Fleetwood Homes and its
shareholders (Cavco and Third Avenue), as amended on November 30, 2010 (the Shareholder
Agreement), after the fifth anniversary of the Fleetwood Acquisition Date, (i.e. after August 17,
2014), or at any time after Fleetwood Homes has earned net income of at least $10,000 in each of
its two
most recently completed consecutive fiscal years, Third Avenue has the right (Put Right) to
require Cavco to purchase all of Third Avenues shares of Fleetwood Homes common stock for an
amount based upon a calculation that is designed to approximate fair value. Likewise, Cavco has
the right (Call Right) to require Third Avenue to sell all of its shares of Fleetwood Homes
common stock based on the same timing and calculation as described above for the Put Right. The
conditions for the Put Right or Call Right to become exercisable have not been met as of March 31,
2011.
The purchase price to be payable by Cavco for the purchase of Third Avenues shares pursuant
to the exercise of the Put Right or the Call Right may be settled in cash or shares of common stock
of Cavco. However, the circumstances under which net share settlement would be allowed are not
solely within the control of Cavco. The availability of net share
settlement is dependent upon a number of factors. For example, at the
time of such purchase, Cavcos common stock must be listed on
either the NASDAQ or the New York Stock Exchange. In the case of
Third Avenues exercise of its Put Right, Cavco may elect to pay
all or a portion of such purchase price in the form of shares of
common stock of Cavco. In the case of Cavcos exercise of its
Call Right, Third Avenue may elect to receive all or a portion of
such purchase price in the form of shares of common stock of Cavco.
In addition, net share settlement would not be available if it
were to lead to a change of control of Cavco. If either Cavco or
Third Avenue makes such election, the shares of Cavco common stock to
be issued to Third Avenue would be valued based on the average
closing price of Cavcos common stock for the sixty most recent
trading days. There is no explicit cap on the maximum number of
common shares that could be potentially issuable upon redemption; therefore, GAAP requires that
Third Avenues noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood Homes be classified as a temporary equity
mezzanine item between liabilities and stockholders equity.
The carrying amount is subject to adjustment, after attribution of net income or loss of
Fleetwood Homes, if there are changes in the redemption value at the end of the reporting period.
For the period since the Fleetwood Acquisition Date through March 31, 2011, the Company determined
that the potential redemption value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest did not exceed its
carrying value and no adjustment was needed.
12. Convertible Note Payable and Related Party Transactions
Convertible Note Payable On December 1, 2010, the Company and Third Avenue entered into
separate convertible note payable agreements with their subsidiary, Fleetwood Homes, for $14,000
each, convertible to 200 shares of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. common stock at the successful close of
the contemplated Palm Harbor transaction. The convertible notes were subsequently increased by
$22,000 each, convertible to an additional 314.28 shares, for a total of $36,000 per note in the
fourth quarter of 2011, convertible to 514.28 shares. The convertible notes bore interest of 2.5%
per annum. As of March 31, 2011, the balance of accrued interest payable to Third Avenue was $119.
The $36,000 note payable by Fleetwood Homes to Cavco and related accrued interest was eliminated
upon consolidation. The note payable to Third Avenue appears on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as
Noncontrolling interest note payable. Subsequent to March 31, 2011, concurrent with the
successful completion of the acquisition of Palm Harbor Homes, all outstanding convertible notes
were converted to shares of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. on April 23, 2011 and redeemable noncontrolling
interest increased by $36,000. Any right to interest income was forfeited by the note holders upon
conversion in accordance with the terms of the agreements.
Related Party At March 31, 2011, Third Avenue Management LLC beneficially owned
approximately 12.2% of our outstanding common shares and thus meets the definition of a principal
owner under FASB ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures (ASC 850). Third Avenue Management LLC and
Third Avenue are either directly or indirectly under common control. Third Avenues participation
in ownership of Fleetwood Homes, the Fleetwood Homes transaction, convertible note payable, and the
subsequent Palm Harbor acquisition are therefore considered related party transactions in
accordance with ASC 850.
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13. Quarterly Financial Data
(Unaudited)
The following tables set forth certain unaudited quarterly financial information for the years
ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.
First | Second | Third | Fourth | |||||||||||||||||
Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 47,505 | $ | 45,888 | $ | 39,612 | $ | 38,822 | $ | 171,827 | ||||||||||
Gross profit |
6,441 | 7,179 | 5,343 | 5,315 | 24,278 | |||||||||||||||
Net income |
850 | 1,199 | 290 | 1,733 | 4,072 | |||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Cavco
common stockholders |
518 | 680 | 24 | 1,609 | 2,831 | |||||||||||||||
Net income per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.08 | $ | 0.10 | $ | | $ | 0.24 | $ | 0.43 | ||||||||||
Diluted |
$ | 0.08 | $ | 0.10 | $ | | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.41 | ||||||||||
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 13,595 | $ | 29,377 | $ | 36,369 | $ | 36,271 | $ | 115,612 | ||||||||||
Gross profit |
94 | 4,148 | 3,263 | 3,192 | 10,697 | |||||||||||||||
Net loss |
(1,449 | ) | (222 | ) | (1,168 | ) | (954 | ) | (3,793 | ) | ||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Cavco
common stockholders |
(1,449 | ) | (163 | ) | (1,030 | ) | (729 | ) | (3,371 | ) | ||||||||||
Net loss per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | (0.22 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.16 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.52 | ) | |||||
Diluted |
$ | (0.22 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.16 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.52 | ) | |||||
F-23