CECO ENVIRONMENTAL CORP - Quarter Report: 2016 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016

or

For the transition period from                      to                      

Commission File No. 0-7099

CECO ENVIRONMENTAL CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(513) 458-2600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  o    No  x

The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common equity, as of the latest practical date: 34,093,856 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, as of May 2, 2016.

CECO ENVIRONMENTAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

For the quarter ended March 31, 2016

Table of Contents

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CECO ENVIRONMENTAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of the above statements.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(unaudited)

The notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of the above statements.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(unaudited)

The notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of the above statements.

4

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

The notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of the above statements.

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CECO ENVIRONMENTAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of CECO Environmental Corp. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position as of March 31, 2016 and the results of operations and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. The results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 as filed with the SEC.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

These financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC.

Unless otherwise indicated, all balances within tables are in thousands, except per share amounts.

On September 3, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of PMFG, Inc. (“PMFG”). The results of its operations have been consolidated with our results following the acquisition date. For a more complete discussion of the transaction, refer to Note 15.

The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries for all periods presented. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company is the majority owner of Peerless Propulsys China Holdings LLC (“Peerless Propulsys”). The Company’s 60% equity investment in Peerless Propulsys entitles it to 80% of the earnings. Peerless Propulsys is the sole owner of Peerless China Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (“PCMC”). The noncontrolling interest of Peerless Propulsys is reported as a separate component on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company entered an agreement with the noncontrolling owner of Peerless Propulsys to transfer all rights to Peerless Propulsys’ land and building assets to the noncontrolling owner in exchange for the Company’s 100% ownership in the equity and earnings of Peerless Propulsys. This transfer is expected to occur in 2016.

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09, “Compensation—Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” ASU 2016-09 introduces targeted amendments intended to simplify the accounting for stock compensation. Specifically, the ASU requires all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies (including tax benefits of dividends on share-based payment awards) to be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement. The tax effects of exercised or vested awards should be treated as discrete items in the reporting period in which they occur. An entity also should recognize excess tax benefits, and assess the need for a valuation allowance, regardless of whether the benefit reduces taxes payable in the current period. That is, off balance sheet accounting for net operating losses stemming from excess tax benefits would no longer be required and instead such net operating losses would be recognized when they arise. Existing net operating losses that are currently tracked off balance sheet would be recognized, net of a valuation allowance if required, through an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. Entities will no longer need to maintain and track an “APIC pool.” The ASU also requires excess tax benefits to be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows.

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In addition, ASU 2016-09 elevates the statutory tax withholding threshold to qualify for equity classification up to the maximum statutory tax rates in the applicable jurisdiction(s). The ASU also clarifies that cash paid by an employer when directly withholding shares for tax withholding purposes should be classified as a financing activity.

ASU 2016-09 provides an optional accounting policy election (with limited exceptions), to be applied on an entity-wide basis, to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest (consistent with existing U.S. GAAP) or account for forfeitures when they occur. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-05, “Derivatives and Hedging: Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships.” ASU 2016-05 amends Topic 815 to clarify that novation of a derivative (replacing one of the parties to a derivative instrument with a new party) designated as the hedging instrument would not, in and of itself, be considered a termination of the derivative instrument or a change in critical terms requiring discontinuation of the designated hedging relationship. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases.” ASU 2016-02 establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, “Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” ASU 2015-16 requires adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period to be recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. This includes any effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. In addition, the amendments in the ASU would require an entity to disclose (either on the face of the income statement or in the notes) the nature and amount of measurement-period adjustments recognized in the current period, including separately the amounts in current-period income statement line items that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory.” ASU 2015-11 requires inventory within the scope of the ASU (e.g., first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) or average cost) to be measured using the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventory excluded from the scope of the ASU (i.e., last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) or the retail inventory method) will continue to be measured at the lower of cost or market. The ASU also amends some of the other guidance in Topic 330, “Inventory,” to more clearly articulate the requirements for the measurement and disclosure of inventory. However, those amendments are not intended to result in any changes to current practice. ASU 2015-11 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue From Contracts With Customers.” ASU 2014-09 supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition principles under GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration an entity expects to be entitled to for those goods or services using a defined five step process. More judgment and estimates may be required to achieve this principle than under existing GAAP. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect upon initial adoption recognized at the date of adoption, which includes additional footnote disclosures. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and has not yet determined the method of adoption. The Company’s current revenue recognition policies are generally consistent with the new revenue recognition standards set forth in ASU 2014-09.  

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Potential adjustments to input measures are not expected to be pervasive to the majority of the Company’s contracts.  While no significant impact is expected upon adoption of the new guidance, the Company will not be able to make that determination until the time of adoption based upon outstanding contracts at that time.

Balances billed but not paid by customers under retainage provisions in contracts amounted to approximately $1.7 million and $2.3 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Retainage receivables on contracts in progress are generally collected within a year after contract completion.

The provision for doubtful accounts was $0.1 million and $45,000 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  

Revenues from contracts are primarily recognized on the percentage of completion method, measured by the percentage of contract costs incurred to date compared with estimated total contract costs for each contract. This method is used because management considers contract costs to be the best available measure of progress on these contracts. For contracts where the duration is short, total contract revenue is insignificant, or reasonably dependable estimates cannot be made, revenues are recognized on a completed contract basis, when risk and title passes to the customer, which is generally upon shipment of product.

Our contracts have various lengths to completion ranging from a few days to several months. We anticipate that a majority of our current contracts will be completed within the next twelve months.

Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined. Changes to job performance, job conditions, and estimated profitability may result in revisions to contract revenue and costs and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are made. No provision for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts was required at March 31, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

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Amounts credited to the allowance for obsolete inventory and charged to cost of sales amounted to $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.          

Activity for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

Amortization expense of finite life intangible assets was $3.9 million and $2.6 million for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  Amortization over the next five years for finite life intangibles is expected to be $10.1 million for the remainder of 2016, $11.6 million in 2017, $10.0 million in 2018, $8.9 million in 2019, and $7.1 million in 2020.

The Company completes an annual (or more often if circumstances require) impairment assessment of its goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets as of October 1. For 2015, the first step of the two step goodwill impairment test as described in FASB ASC 350-20-35 was performed for all reporting units, except for the recently acquired PMFG reporting unit, as there were no events or changes in operations since the acquisition date that would indicate possible impairment.

Under the first step, the Company bases its measurement of the fair value of a reporting unit using a weighting of the income method and the market method on a 50/50 basis.  In prior years, the Company used the income method. The income method is

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based on a discounted future cash flow approach that uses the significant assumptions of projected revenue, projected operational profit, terminal growth rates, and the cost of capital. Projected revenue, projected operational profit and terminal growth rates were determined to be significant assumptions because they are three primary drivers of the projected cash flows in the discounted future cash flow approach. Cost of capital was also determined to be a significant assumption as it is the discount rate used to calculate the current fair value of those projected cash flows.   The market method is based on financial multiples of comparable companies and applies a control premium.  Significant estimates in the market approach include identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples in estimating the fair value of a reporting unit. Based on the step 1 analysis, the resultant estimated fair value of the reporting units exceeded their carrying value as of October 1, 2015 and no goodwill impairment charges were recorded.

For one of the reporting units tested under the step 1 analysis in 2015, which carried goodwill of $77.9 million, the excess of fair value over their carrying value was only 8%. This reporting unit was acquired in the second half of fiscal 2013, and therefore the Company did not expect the fair value to be significantly in excess of the carrying value. Furthermore, there were no fundamental changes in the business or market that would indicate a significant decline in the fair value since the acquisition date. Management’s projections used to estimate the undiscounted cash flows included increasing sales volumes and operational improvements designed to reduce costs. Changes in any of the significant assumptions used, including if the Company does not successfully achieve its 2016 operating plan, can materially affect the expected cash flows, and such impacts can result in the requirement to proceed to a step 2 test and potentially a material non-cash impairment charge could result. Therefore, the key assumptions most susceptible to change are projected revenue and projected operational profit. We determined that with other assumptions held constant under our weighted income and market method for measuring fair value, a decrease in projected revenue growth rates of approximately 110 basis points or a decrease in projected EBITDA rates of approximately 390 basis points would result in fair value of the reporting unit being equal to its carrying value, which would require us to perform a step 2 test for this reporting unit.

During 2015, the Company also performed a step 1 analysis for all reporting units with indefinite life intangible assets. The Company based its measurement of the fair value of the indefinite life intangible assets utilizing the relief from royalty method. The significant assumptions used under the relief from royalty method are projected revenue, royalty rates, terminal growth rates, and the cost of capital. Projected revenue, royalty rates and terminal growth rates were determined to be significant assumptions because they are three primary drivers of the projected royalty cash flows in the relief from royalty method. Cost of capital was also determined to be a significant assumption as it is the discount rate used to calculate the current fair value of those projected royalty cash flows. Changes in any of the significant assumptions used, including if the Company does not successfully achieve its 2016 operating plan, can materially affect the expected cash flows, and such impacts can result in material non-cash impairment charges.  Under this approach, the resultant estimated fair value of the indefinite life intangible assets exceeded their carrying value for all but three reporting units as of October 1, 2015.  For three of the reporting units, which carried combined indefinite life intangible assets of $10.0 million, our fair value measurement resulted in the aggregate fair value being 33.4% lower than the aggregate carrying value.  Accordingly, we recorded an impairment charge of $3.3 million during the three-month period ended December 31, 2015.   These three reporting units were acquired in the second half of fiscal 2013. Management’s projections used to estimate the fair values at the date of acquisition primarily included increasing sales volumes; however, the units have experienced lower sales than originally projected.

The Company did not identify any triggering events during the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 that would require an interim impairment assessment of goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets. There was no impairment of goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets during the three-month period ended March 31, 2016.

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Debt consisted of the following at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Scheduled principal payments under our debt facilities are $14.5 million for the remainder of 2016, $13.8 million in 2017, $18.1 million in 2018, $21.3 million in 2019 and $106.9 million in 2020.

United States Debt

On August 27, 2013, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with various lenders (the “Lenders”) and letter of credit issuers (each, an “L/C Issuer”), and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent (the “Agent”), swing line lender and an L/C Issuer, providing for various senior secured credit facilities (collectively, the “Credit Facility”) comprised of a $65.0 million senior secured term loan, a $70.5 million senior secured U.S. dollar revolving credit facility for U.S. dollar revolving loans with sub-facilities for letters of credit and swing-line loans, and a $19.5 million senior secured multi-currency revolving credit facility for U.S. dollar and specific foreign currency loans.

Concurrent with the closing of our Met-Pro Corporation (“Met-Pro”) acquisition on August 27, 2013, the Company borrowed $65.0 million in term loans and $52.0 million in U.S. dollar revolving loans and used the proceeds to (i) finance the cash portion of the acquisition, (ii) pay off certain outstanding indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries (including certain indebtedness of Met-Pro and its subsidiaries), and (iii) pay certain fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Credit Agreement and the acquisition.

On November 18, 2014, the Company amended the Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the amendment (i) certain lenders provided an additional term loan under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount of $35.0 million and certain lenders increased their revolving credit commitments in an aggregate principal amount of up to $15.0 million, and (ii) the Credit Agreement was amended to, among other things, (a) modify the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA to include certain pro forma adjustments related to certain acquisitions and other transactions, (b) modify the Consolidated Leverage Ratio covenant and (c) permit additional investments in foreign subsidiaries and additional indebtedness by foreign subsidiaries. The proceeds from the additional term loan were used primarily to finance the acquisition of Emtrol LLC and related expenses. Additionally, the Company has the option to obtain additional commitments for either the U.S. dollar revolving credit facility or the term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $50.0 million.

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On September 3, 2015, concurrent with the closing of the PMFG acquisition, the Company further amended the Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the amendment, the Lenders provided a term loan under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount of $170.0 million and the Lenders decreased their senior secured U.S. dollar revolving credit commitments to the aggregate principal amount of $60.5 million. All other provisions of the agreement remained substantially unchanged. The proceeds from the increased term loan were used primarily to (i) finance the cash portion of the PMFG purchase price, (ii) pay off certain outstanding indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries (including certain indebtedness of PMFG and its subsidiaries), and (iii) pay certain fees and expenses incurred in connection with the amendment to the Credit Agreement and the PMFG acquisition.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, $12.9 million and $15.4 million of letters of credit were outstanding, respectively. Total unused credit availability under the Credit Facility was $61.1 million and $56.6 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Revolving loans may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed until September 3, 2020, at which time all amounts borrowed pursuant to the Credit Facility must be repaid.

At the Company’s option, revolving loans and the term loans accrue interest at a per annum rate based on either the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, (b) the Agent’s prime lending rate, and (c) one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%, plus a margin ranging from 1.0% to 2.0% depending on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio (“Base Rate”), or a Eurocurrency Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 2.0% to 3.0% depending on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio. Interest on swing line loans is the Base Rate.

Accrued interest on Base Rate loans is payable quarterly in arrears on the last day of each calendar quarter and at maturity. Interest on Eurocurrency Rate loans is payable on the last date of each applicable Interest Period (as defined in the agreement), but in no event less than once every three months and at maturity. The weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings was 3.44% and 3.42% at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

In accordance with the Credit Facility terms, the Company entered into an interest rate swap on December 30, 2015 to hedge against interest rate exposure related to approximately one-third of the outstanding debt indexed to LIBOR market rates. The fair value of the interest rate swap was a liability totaling $1.1 million and $0.4 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, which is recorded in “Accounts payable and accrued expenses” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company did not designate the interest rate swap as an effective hedge until the first quarter of 2016, and accordingly the change in the fair value until the date of designation of $0.5 million was recorded in earnings in “Other income (expense), net” in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016. From the date of designation, all changes to the fair value of the interest rate swap have been recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) as the hedge is deemed effective.

The Company has granted a security interest in substantially all of its assets to secure its obligations pursuant to the Credit Agreement. The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Company’s U.S. subsidiaries and such guaranty obligations are secured by a security interest on substantially all of the assets of such subsidiaries, including certain real property. The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement may also be guaranteed by the Company’s material foreign subsidiaries to the extent no adverse tax consequences would result to the Company.

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including the requirement to maintain compliance with a consolidated leverage ratio of less than 3.75 and a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of more than 1.25. Per the Credit Agreement, the consolidated leverage ratio is set to decrease to 3.50 by June 30, 2016, and then decrease again to 3.00 by December 31, 2017. The consolidated leverage ratio will then remain at 3.00 until the end of the term of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also includes customary events of default and the occurrence of an event of default could result in an increased interest rate equal to 2.0% above the applicable interest rate for loans, the acceleration of the Company’s obligations pursuant to the Credit Agreement and an obligation of the subsidiary guarantors to repay the full amount of the Company’s borrowings pursuant to the Credit Agreement.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with all related financial and other restrictive covenants under the Credit Agreement.

The Company has paid $6.0 million of customary closing fees, arrangement fees, administration fees, letter of credit fees and commitment fees for the Credit Agreement and amendments thereto. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, unamortized deferred financing costs of $4.0 million and $4.2 million, respectively, are included as a discount to debt in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization expense was $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and is classified as interest expense.

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Foreign Debt

The Company has a €13.0 million ($14.8 million) facilities agreement, originally dated August 17, 2012 (as amended from time to time), made between our Netherland’s subsidiaries ATA Beheer B.V. and Aarding Thermal Acoustics B.V., as borrowers, and ING Bank N.V., as the lender (“Aarding Facility”). The facilities agreement includes a €7.0million ($8.0 million) bank guarantee facility and a €6.0 million ($6.8 million) overdraft facility. The bank guarantee interest rate is the three months Euribor plus 265 basis points (2.65% as of March 31, 2016) and the overdraft interest rate is three months Euribor plus 250 basis points (2.50% as of March 31, 2016). All of the borrowers’ assets are pledged for this facility, and the borrowers’ solvency ratio must be at least 30% and net debt/last twelve months EBITDA less than 3.0. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the borrowers were in compliance with all related financial and other restrictive covenants. As of March 31, 2016, €1.7 million ($1.9 million) of the bank guarantee and €3.1 million ($3.5 million) of the overdraft facility are being used by the borrowers. As of December 31, 2015, €6.1 million ($6.9 million) of the bank guarantee and €4.9 million ($5.6 million) of the overdraft facility was being used by the borrowers. There is no stated expiration date on the Aarding Facility.

A subsidiary of the Company located in China has a ¥9.0 million ($1.4 million) short-term loan with Bank of America (“China Facility”) at an interest rate of 4.79%, which matures in June 2016.

A subsidiary of the Company located in the U.K. has a debenture agreement used to facilitate issuances of letters of credit and bank guarantees of £6.0 million ($8.6 million) at March 31, 2016. This facility was secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company’s U.K. subsidiary, a protective letter of credit issued by the Company to HSBC Bank and a cash deposit of £2.0 million ($2.9 million) at March 31, 2016. At March 31, 2016, there was £4.7 million ($6.8 million) of outstanding stand-by letters of credit and bank guarantees under this debenture agreement.

A subsidiary of the Company located in Germany has a debenture agreement used to facilitate issuances of letters of credit and bank guarantees of €1.1 million ($1.3 million) at March 31, 2016. This facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company’s German subsidiary and by a cash deposit of €0.7 million ($0.8 million) at March 31, 2016. At March 31, 2016, there was €1.1 million ($1.3 million) of outstanding stand-by letters of credit and bank guarantees under this debenture agreement.

A subsidiary of the Company located in Singapore had bank guarantees of $1.6 million at March 31, 2016. At March 31, 2016, these guarantees are secured with a cash deposit of $0.5 million, and a protective letter of credit issued by the Company to Citibank.

The computational components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are below.

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Options, restricted stock units and warrants included in the computation of diluted earnings per share are calculated using the treasury stock method. For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, 1.7 million and 0.2 million, respectively, outstanding options and warrants were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share due to their having an anti-dilutive effect.

Once a restricted stock unit vests, it is included in the computation of weighted average shares outstanding for purposes of basic and diluted earnings per share.

On March 9, 2016, the Company declared and, on March 30, 2016, paid to common stockholders a quarterly dividend of $0.066 per share. The dividend policy and the payment of cash dividends under that policy are subject to the Board of Directors’ continuing determination that the dividend policy and the declaration of dividends are in the best interest of the Company’s stockholders. Future dividends and the dividend policy may be changed or cancelled at the Company’s discretion at any time. Payment of dividends is also subject to the continuing compliance with our financial covenants under our Credit Facility.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation,” which requires the Company to recognize compensation expense for stock-based awards, measured at the fair value of the awards at the grant date. The Company recognized expense of $0.6 million and $0.5 million during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.      

The Company granted approximately 100,000 options during each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. The weighted-average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 was estimated at $2.07 and $7.15 per option, respectively, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following assumptions:

Expected Volatility: The Company utilizes a volatility factor based on the Company’s historical stock prices for a period of time equal to the expected term of the stock option utilizing weekly price observations. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company utilized a weighted-average volatility factor of 39% and 54%, respectively.

Expected Term: For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company utilized a weighted-average expected term factor of 6.5 years.

Risk-Free Interest Rate: The risk-free interest rate factor utilized is based upon the implied yields currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues over the expected term of the stock options. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company utilized a weighted-average risk-free interest rate factor of 2.1% and 2.0%, respectively.

Expected Dividends: The Company utilized a weighted average expected dividend rate of 3.6% and 1.6% to value options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company granted approximately 15,000 options during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016. The weighted-average fair value of restricted stock units granted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was estimated at $6.65 per unit using the value of stock in the open market on the date of grant. There were no restricted stock units granted during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

The fair value of the stock-based awards granted is recorded as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the awards adjusted for the Company’s estimate of pre-vesting forfeitures. The pre-vesting forfeiture estimate is based on historical activity and is reviewed periodically and updated as necessary. There is a portion of the outstanding restricted stock units that have both performance and service-based vesting conditions. The Company has determined that the performance condition is likely to be met. As such, the related expense will be recognized over the service period.

The Company received $2,000 in cash from employees and directors exercising options during the three months ended March 31, 2015. The intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $15,000. There were no options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

We sponsor a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan for certain union employees. The plan is funded in accordance with the funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

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We also sponsor a postretirement health care plan for office employees retired before January 1, 1990. The plan allowed retirees who attained the age of 65 to elect the type of coverage desired.

Retirement and health care plan expense is based on valuations performed by plan actuaries as of the beginning of each fiscal year. The components of the expense consisted of the following:

We made contributions to our defined benefit plans during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 totaling $29,000 and $0.3 million, respectively. We do not anticipate any further contributions to fund the pension plans and anticipate $25,000 of contributions for the retiree health care plan during the remainder of 2016. The unfunded liability of the plans of $11.0 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is included in Other Liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company files income tax returns in various federal, state and local jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2010.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions pursuant to ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the liability for uncertain tax positions totaled approximately $1.0 million, which is included in Other Liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes interest accrued related to uncertain tax positions in interest expense and penalties in income tax expense.

Our financial instruments consist primarily of investments in cash and cash equivalents, receivables and certain other assets, foreign debt and accounts payable, which approximate fair value at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, due to their short-term nature or variable, market-driven interest rates.

The fair value of the debt issued under the Credit Agreement was $165.5 million and $174.8 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

In accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Company entered into an interest rate swap on December 30, 2015 to hedge against interest rate exposure related to approximately one-third of the outstanding debt indexed to LIBOR market rates. See note 8 for further information regarding the interest rate swap.

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had cash and cash equivalents of $33.4 million and $34.2 million, respectively, of which $17.5 million and $18.0 million, respectively, was held outside of the United States, principally in the Netherlands, United Kingdom, China, and Canada.  Substantially all of the amounts held outside of the United States are intended to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations. Our current plans do not anticipate that we will need funds generated from foreign operations to fund our domestic operations. In the event funds from foreign operations are needed in the United States, any repatriation would result in the accrual and payment of additional U.S. income tax.

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Asbestos cases

Our subsidiary, Met-Pro, beginning in 2002, began to be named in asbestos-related lawsuits filed against a large number of industrial companies including, in particular, those in the pump and fluid handling industries. In management’s opinion, the complaints typically have been vague, general and speculative, alleging that Met-Pro, along with the numerous other defendants, sold unidentified asbestos-containing products and engaged in other related actions which caused injuries (including death) and loss to the plaintiffs. Counsel has advised that more recent cases typically allege more serious claims of mesothelioma. The Company’s insurers have hired attorneys who, together with the Company, are vigorously defending these cases. Many cases have been dismissed after the plaintiff fails to produce evidence of exposure to Met-Pro’s products. In those cases where evidence has been produced, the Company’s experience has been that the exposure levels are low and the Company’s position has been that its products were not a cause of death, injury or loss. The Company has been dismissed from or settled a large number of these cases. Cumulative settlement payments from 2002 through March 31, 2016 for cases involving asbestos-related claims were $0.9 million, which, together with all legal fees other than corporate counsel expenses, have been paid by the Company’s insurers. The average cost per settled claim, excluding legal fees, was approximately $25,000.

Based upon the most recent information available to the Company regarding such claims, there were a total of 238 cases pending against the Company as of March 31, 2016 (with Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania and West Virginia having the largest number of cases), as compared with 221 cases that were pending as of December 31, 2015. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, 21 new cases were filed against the Company, and the Company was dismissed from four cases and did not settle any cases. Most of the pending cases have not advanced beyond the early stages of discovery, although a number of cases are on schedules leading to, or are scheduled for trial. The Company believes that its insurance coverage is adequate for the cases currently pending against the Company and for the foreseeable future, assuming a continuation of the current volume, nature of cases and settlement amounts. However, the Company has no control over the number and nature of cases that are filed against it, nor as to the financial health of its insurers or their position as to coverage. The Company also presently believes that none of the pending cases will have a material adverse impact upon the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.

Valero

One of our subsidiaries, Fisher-Klosterman, Inc. (“FKI”), was a defendant in a products liability lawsuit filed in Harris County, Texas on August 23, 2010 by three Valero refining companies. The plaintiffs claimed that FKI (and its co-Defendants) used an allegedly defective refractory material included in cyclones it supplied to Valero that caused damages to refineries they own and operate. Plaintiffs claimed to have suffered property damages, including catalyst loss, regenerator repair costs, replacement part costs, damage to other property and business interruption loss. During the third quarter of 2014, the Company reached a settlement with the plaintiffs for $0.5 million and, accordingly, recorded a corresponding charge to operations. In addition, the Company reached an agreement with a supplier to recover $0.2 million related to this matter. The recovery was also recorded during the third quarter of 2014. The Company’s insurer, who had paid for the legal defense in this matter, initiated a new case in the Southern District of Ohio against the Company seeking, among other things, recoupment of past legal costs paid. The Company is vigorously disputing this claim, including the pursuit of counterclaims against the insurer, and obtained a preliminary ruling that its insurer was obligated to provide the Company a defense for the Valero litigation.

PMFG shareholder lawsuits

Since the public announcement of the proposed merger on May 4, 2015, CECO, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II, PMFG and the members of the PMFG board of directors have been named as defendants in three lawsuits related to the acquisition, which were filed by alleged stockholders of PMFG on May 17, 2015, June 29, 2015 and July 17, 2015. The first filed lawsuit, which is a derivative action that also purports to assert class claims, was filed in the District Court of Dallas County, Texas (the “Texas Lawsuit”). The second and third filed lawsuits, which are class actions, were filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and have now been consolidated into a single action (the “Delaware Lawsuit,” and collectively with the Texas Lawsuit, the “Lawsuits”). In the Lawsuits, the plaintiffs generally allege that the merger failed to properly value PMFG, that the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties in approving the related merger agreement, and that those breaches were aided and abetted by CECO, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II.

In the Lawsuits, the plaintiffs allege, among other things, (a) that the PMFG board of directors breached its fiduciary duties by agreeing to the merger for inadequate consideration and pursuant to a tainted process by (1) agreeing to lock up the merger with deal protection devices that, notwithstanding the ability of PMFG to solicit actively alternative transactions, prevent other bidders from making a successful competing offer for PMFG, (2) participating in a transaction where the loyalties of the PMFG board of directors and management are divided, and (3) relying on financial and legal advisors who plaintiffs allege were

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conflicted; (b) that those breaches of fiduciary duties were aided and abetted by CECO, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II and PMFG, and (c) that the disclosure provided in the registration statement filed by CECO on June 9, 2015 was inadequate in a number of respects.

In the Lawsuits, the plaintiffs sought, among other things, (a) to enjoin the defendants from completing the merger on the agreed-upon terms, (b) rescission, to the extent already implemented, of the merger agreement or any of the terms therein, and (c) costs and disbursements and attorneys’ and experts’ fees, as well as other equitable relief as the courts deem proper.

Effective as of August 23, 2015, PMFG and the other defendants entered a memorandum of understanding with the plaintiffs in the Delaware Lawsuit regarding the settlement of the Delaware Lawsuit. In connection with this memorandum of understanding, PMFG agreed to make certain additional disclosures to PMFG’s stockholders in order to supplement those contained in the joint proxy statement/prospectus. After PMFG enters into a definitive agreement with the plaintiffs in the Delaware Lawsuit, the proposed settlement will be subject to notice to the class, Court approval, and, if the Court approves the settlement, the settlement, as outlined in the memorandum of understanding, will resolve all of the claims that were or could have been brought in the Delaware Lawsuit, including all claims relating to the decision to enter into the Mergers, entry of the Merger Agreement and any disclosure made in connection therewith including any such claims against CECO, Merger Sub I or Merger Sub II, but did not affect any stockholder’s rights to pursue appraisal rights. It is expected that the resolution of the Delaware Lawsuit will also resolve the Texas Lawsuit, which was stayed voluntarily by the plaintiff, but placed on Texas court’s two-week docket for a non-jury trial on August 15, 2016.

On August 24, 2015, PMFG made a filing with the SEC on Form 8-K satisfying its obligations under the memorandum of understanding to make additional disclosures to supplement the joint proxy statement/prospectus relating to the merger, dated as of July 31, 2015.

On February 22, 2016, the Delaware Court asked the parties to submit a status report regarding the Delaware Lawsuit no later than March 14, 2016.

On March 2, 2016, the Texas Lawsuit plaintiffs filed a notice of nonsuit without prejudice.

On April 14, 2016, the parties submitted the stipulation of settlement and release.  The Court has not yet scheduled a hearing on that motion.

The memorandum of understanding was not, and should not be construed as, an admission of wrongdoing or liability by any defendant.

The Company is also a party to routine contract and employment-related litigation matters and routine audits of state and local tax returns arising in the ordinary course of its business.

The final outcome and impact of open matters, and related claims and investigations that may be brought in the future, are subject to many variables, and cannot be predicted. In accordance with ASC 450, “Contingencies,” and related guidance, we record reserves for estimated losses relating to claims and lawsuits when available information indicates that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss, or range of loss, can be reasonably estimated. The Company expenses legal costs as they are incurred.

We are not aware of pending claims or assessments, other than as described above, which may have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

PMFG

On September 3, 2015, the Company completed its acquisition of 100% of PMFG’s outstanding common stock for a purchase price of $136.7 million. PMFG’s shareholders had the option to elect to exchange each share of PMFG common stock for either (i) $6.85 in cash, without interest, or (ii) shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $6.85, based on the volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s common stock for the 15-trading day period ending on September 2, 2015, the last trading day before the closing of the acquisition, subject to a collar so that there was a maximum exchange ratio of 0.6456 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of PMFG common stock and a minimum exchange ratio of 0.5282 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of PMFG common stock, subject to certain exceptions and with overall elections subject to proration.

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Approximately 44.5% of the shares of PMFG common stock converted into the right to receive the $6.85 cash consideration, for an approximate total of $64.6 million. The Company’s common stock trading price for the 15-trading day period was $9.6655. As a result, each of the remaining shares of PMFG common stock converted into the right to receive 0.6456 shares of Company common stock, or an approximate total of 7,602,166 shares of Company common stock in aggregate.

In accordance with the proration and reallocation provisions of the merger agreement, because the $6.85 per share cash consideration was oversubscribed by PMFG shareholders prior to the election deadline, (a) each PMFG share for which a valid stock election was made or for which no valid cash or stock election was made was automatically cancelled and converted into the right to receive the stock consideration and (b) each PMFG shareholder of record that made a valid cash election by the deadline received (i) the cash consideration for approximately 58.05% of such holder’s PMFG shares for which a valid cash election was made and (ii) the stock consideration for approximately 41.95% of such holder’s PMFG shares for which a valid cash election was made. The value of stock recorded for purchase accounting was $72.1 million, which equates to approximately $9.49 per share.

PMFG is a global provider of engineered equipment for the abatement of air pollution, the separation and filtration of contaminants from gases and liquids, and industrial noise control equipment, which complements our Energy Segment businesses. The following table summarizes the approximate fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of closing.

For the three months ended March 31, 2016, PMFG accounted for $24.9 million of revenue and $3.2 million of pre-tax income included in the Company’s results.

The approximate fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the related tax balances, are based on preliminary estimates and assumptions. These preliminary estimates and assumptions could change significantly during the purchase price measurement period as we finalize the valuations of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the related tax balances. Such changes could result in material variances between the Company’s future financial results and the amounts presented in the unaudited pro forma information, including variances in the estimated purchase price, fair values recorded and expenses associated with these items.

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The following unaudited pro forma information represents the Company’s results of operations as if the PMFG acquisition had occurred as of January 1, 2014:

The pro forma results have been prepared for informational purposes only and include adjustments to amortize acquired intangible assets with finite life, reflect foregone interest income on cash paid for the acquisitions, reflect additional interest expense on debt used to fund the acquisitions, and to record the income tax consequences of the pro forma adjustments. Included in the pro forma results are acquisition related expenses of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Shares used to calculate the basic and diluted earnings per share were adjusted to reflect the additional shares of common stock issued to fund a portion of the acquisition price. These pro forma results do not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the purchases been made as of the beginning of the periods presented or of the results of operations that may occur in the future.

Acquisition and integration expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income are related to acquisition activities, which include retention, legal, accounting, banking, and other expenses.

The Company’s operations are organized and reviewed by management along its product lines and presented in three reportable segments. The results of the segments are reviewed through to the “Income from operations” line on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Environmental Segment

Our Environmental segment, formerly known as the Air Pollution Control segment, provides the design and manufacture of product recovery and air pollution control technologies that enable our customers to meet compliance targets for toxic emissions, fumes, volatile organic compounds, process and industrial odors. These products and solutions include chemical and biological scrubbers, fabric filters and cartridge collectors, thermal and catalytic oxidation systems, cyclones, separators, gas absorbers and industrial ventilation systems. This segment also provides component parts for industrial air systems and provides cost effective alternatives to traditional duct components, as well as custom metal engineered fabrication services. These products and services are applicable to a wide variety of industries. During 2015, the Company concluded that changing the name of this segment was appropriate to more accurately describe the long-term goals of the Company in conjunction with the products and services offered within the segment.

Energy Segment

Our Energy segment provides customized solutions for the power and petrochemical industry. This includes gas turbine exhaust systems, dampers and diverters, gas and liquid separation and filtration equipment, selective catalytic reduction (“SCR”) and selective non-catalytic reduction (“SNCR”) systems, acoustical components and silencers, secondary separators (nuclear plant reactor vessels) and expansion joints, the design and manufacture of technologies for flue gas and diverter dampers, non-metallic expansion joints, natural gas turbine exhaust systems, and silencer and precipitator applications, primarily for coal-fired and natural gas power plants, refining, oil production and petrochemical processing, as well as a variety of other industries.

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Fluid Handling and Filtration Segment

Our Fluid Handling and Filtration segment provides the design and manufacture of high quality pump, filtration and fume exhaust solutions. This includes centrifugal pumps for corrosive, abrasive and high temperature liquids, filter products for air and liquid filtration, precious metal recovery systems, carbonate precipitators, and technologically advanced air movement and exhaust systems. These products are applicable to a wide variety of industries, particularly the aquarium/aquaculture, plating and metal finishing, food and beverage, chemical/petrochemical, wastewater treatment, desalination and pharmaceutical markets.

The accounting policies of the reporting segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC. Interest income and expense are not included in the measure of segment profit reviewed by management. Income taxes are also not included in the measure of segment operating profit reviewed by management. The operating results of the segments are reviewed through to the “Income from operations” line on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The financial segment information is presented in the following tables:

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Intra-segment and Inter-segment Revenues

The Company has multiple divisions that sell to each other within segments (intra-segment sales) and between segments (inter-segment sales) as indicated in the following tables:

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CECO ENVIRONMENTAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 reflect the consolidated operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

We are a diversified global provider of leading engineered technologies to the environmental, energy, and fluid handling and filtration industrial segments, targeting specific niche-focused end markets through an attractive asset-light business model. We provide a wide spectrum of products and services including dampers & diverters, cyclonic technology, thermal oxidizers, separation and filtration systems, selective catalytic reduction (“SCR”) and selective non-catalytic reduction (“SNCR”) systems, scrubbers, dampers and silencers, exhaust systems, fluid handling equipment and plant engineered services and engineered design build fabrication. These products play a vital role in helping companies achieve exacting production standards, meeting increasing plant needs and stringent emissions control regulations around the globe. We believe that globally we serve the broadest range of markets and industries, including power, municipalities, chemical, industrial manufacturing, mid-stream pipeline natural gas transmission, refining, petrochemical, metals, minerals & mining companies, as well as hospitals and universities.

We are a global corporation with worldwide operations. As a global business, our operations are affected by worldwide, regional and industry-specific economic factors, as well as political factors, wherever we operate or do business. Our geographic and industry diversity, and the breadth of our product and services portfolios, have helped mitigate the impact of any one industry or the economy of any single country on our consolidated operating results.

We believe demand for our products is driven by the increasing demand for energy in both developed and emerging markets, coupled with the global trend towards increasingly restrictive environmental regulations.  These trends should stimulate investment in new power generation facilities and related infrastructure, and in upgrading existing facilities.

With a shift to cleaner, more environmentally responsible power generation, power providers and industrial power consumers are building new facilities that use cleaner fuels, such as natural gas, nuclear technology and renewable resources. In developed markets, natural gas is increasingly becoming one of the energy sources of choice.  We supply product offerings throughout the entire natural gas infrastructure value chain and believe the expansion of natural gas infrastructure will drive growth within our Energy segment and the global market for our SCR systems for natural-gas-fired power plants.

We believe there will be an increase in the level of pollution control capital expenditures driven by an elevated focus on environmental issues such as global warming and energy saving alternatives, as well as a U.S. government supported effort to reduce our dependence on foreign oil through the use of bio-fuels like ethanol and electrical energy generated by our abundant domestic supply of coal. We also feel that similar opportunities will continue to develop outside the United States. Much of our business is driven by various regulatory standards and guidelines governing air quality in and outside factories. Our Asia operation is positioned to benefit from the tightening of air pollution standards by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection.

We continue to focus on increasing revenues and profitability globally while continuing to strengthen and expand our presence domestically. Our operating strategy has historically involved horizontally expanding our scope of technology, products, and services through selective acquisitions and the formation of new business units that are then vertically integrated into our growing group of turnkey system providers. Our continuing focus will be on global growth, market coverage, and expansion of our Asia operations. Operational excellence, margin expansion, after-market recurring revenue growth, and safety leadership are also critical to our growth strategy.

Operations Overview

We operate under a “hub and spoke” business model in which executive management, finance, administrative and marketing staff serves as the hub while the sales channels serve as spokes. We use this model throughout our operations. This has provided us with certain efficiencies over a more decentralized model. The Company’s segment presidents manage our division managers who are responsible for successfully running their operations, that is, sales, gross margins, manufacturing, pricing, purchasing, safety, employee development and customer service excellence.  The segment presidents work closely with our CEO on global growth strategies, operational excellence, and employee development. The headquarters (hub) focuses on enabling the core back-office key functions for scale and efficiency, that is, accounting, payroll, human resources/benefits, information technology, safety support, audit controls, and administration. We have excellent organizational focus from headquarters throughout our divisional businesses with clarity and minimal duplicative work streams. We are structured for growth and will do future bolt-on acquisitions.

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Our three reportable segments are: the Environmental segment, which produces various types of product recovery and air pollution control technologies; the Energy segment, which produces customized solutions for the power and petrochemical industry; and the Fluid Handling and Filtration segment, which produces high quality pump, filtration and fume exhaust solutions. It is through combining the efforts of some or all of these groups that we are able to offer complete turnkey systems to our customers and leverage operational efficiencies.

Our contracts are obtained either through competitive bidding or as a result of negotiations with our customers. Contract terms offered by us are generally dependent on the complexity and risk of the project as well as the resources that will be required to complete the project. Our focus is on increasing our operating margins as well as our gross margin percentage, which translates into higher net income.

Our cost of sales is principally driven by a number of factors, including material prices and labor cost and availability. Changes in these factors may have a material impact on our overall gross profit margins.

We break down costs of sales into five categories. They are:

In general, labor provides us the most flexibility in margin followed by material and equipment and subcontracts. Across our various product lines, the relative relationships of these factors change and cause variations in gross margin percentage. Material costs have also increased faster than labor costs, which also reduces gross margin percentage.

Selling and administrative expense principally includes sales payroll and related fringes, advertising and marketing expenditures as well as all corporate and administrative functions and other costs that support our operations. The majority of these expenses are fixed. We expect to leverage our fixed operating structure as we continue to grow our revenue.

Note Regarding Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These GAAP financial statements include certain charges the Company believes are not indicative of its core operational performance.

As a result, the Company provides financial information in this MD&A that was not prepared in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to the information prepared in accordance with GAAP. The Company provides this supplemental non-GAAP financial information because the Company’s management utilizes it to evaluate its ongoing financial performance and the Company believes it provides greater transparency to investors as supplemental information to its GAAP results.

The Company has provided the non-GAAP financial measure of non-GAAP operating income as a result of items that the Company believes are not indicative of its ongoing operations. These include charges associated with the Company’s acquisition and integration of recent acquisitions and the items described below in “Consolidated Results.” The Company believes that evaluation of its financial performance compared with prior and future periods can be enhanced by a presentation of results that exclude the impact of these items. As a result of the Company’s recently completed acquisitions, the Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur substantial charges associated with the acquisition and integration of these companies. See Note 15 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information on acquisitions.

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Results of Operations

Consolidated Results

Our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

To compare operating performance between the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company has adjusted GAAP operating income to exclude (1) acquisition and integration related expenses, including legal, accounting, and banking expenses, (2) amortization and contingent acquisition expenses, including amortization of acquisition related intangibles, retention, severance, and earn-out expenses, and (3) inventory valuation and plant, property and equipment valuation adjustments related to acquisitions. See “Note Regarding Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” above. The following table presents the reconciliation of GAAP operating income and GAAP operating margin to non-GAAP operating income and non-GAAP operating margin:

Consolidated sales for the first quarter of 2016 increased $22.2 million, or 27.4%, to $103.2 million compared with $81.0 million in the first quarter of 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to PMFG, acquired in September 2015, which contributed $24.9 in sales for the first quarter of 2016.

Gross profit increased $10.6 million, or 50.5%, to $31.6 million in the first quarter of 2016 compared with $21.0 million in the same period of 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to PMFG which contributed $9.4 million for the first quarter of 2016. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was 30.6% in the first quarter 2016 compared with 25.9% in the first quarter of 2015. The higher gross profit margin in the first quarter of 2016 was primarily due to higher than average margins earned by PMFG.

Orders booked were $120.1 million during the first quarter of 2016 as compared with $93.9 million during the first quarter of 2015. The increase in the 2016 period was primarily due to the PMFG acquisition, which represented $30.7 million of total bookings in the first quarter of 2016.

Selling and administrative expenses increased $7.3 million to $21.0 million for the first quarter of 2016 compared with $13.7 million for the first quarter of 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to incremental selling and administrative expenses from the PMFG acquisition. Additionally, selling and administrative expenses increased as a percentage of sales from 16.9% in the first quarter of 2015 compared with 20.3% in the first quarter of 2016.

Acquisition and integration expenses were zero and $0.3 million during the first quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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Amortization and earn-out expense was $4.8 million for the first quarter of 2016 compared with $4.0 million for the first quarter of 2015. The increase was primarily attributable to the PMFG acquisition.

Operating income increased $2.8 million to $5.8 million in the first quarter of 2016 compared with $3.0 million during the same quarter of 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to PMFG which contributed $2.9 million for the first quarter of 2016.

Non-GAAP operating income was $10.9 million for the first quarter of 2016 compared with $7.5 million for the first quarter of 2015. The increase is primarily due to the increases from PMFG as described above. Non-GAAP operating income as a percentage of sales increased to 10.6% for the first quarter of 2016 from 9.3% for the first quarter of 2015.

Other income/expense, net was $0.8 million of income in the first quarter of 2016 compared with $1.7 million of expense in the first quarter of 2015. During the first quarter of 2016, the net $0.8 million of income was due to $0.9 million of income from the impact of the strengthening of the Euro on an intercompany loan with a foreign subsidiary, and net foreign currency exchange gains from normal business operations of $0.4 million, partially offset by a $0.5 million loss on our interest rate swap prior to being designated as an effective hedge. During the first quarter of 2015, the net $1.7 million of expense was due to $2.7 million of expense from the impact of the weakening of the Euro on an intercompany loan with a foreign subsidiary, partially offset by net foreign currency exchange gains from normal business operations of $1.0 million,

Interest expense increased to $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2016 from $1.0 million in the first quarter of 2015. The increase is due primarily to borrowings incurred in connection with the PMFG acquisition.

Income tax expense was $1.4 million for the first quarter of 2016 compared with a $0.1 million for the same quarter of 2015. The effective income tax rate for the first quarter of 2016 was 31.9% compared with 30.0% for the comparable period of 2015. Our effective tax rate is affected by certain permanent differences, including non-deductible incentive stock-based compensation and acquisition and earn-out related expenses, certain income tax reserves/deferrals, impact of foreign rate differences and tax holidays from foreign operations.

Business Segments

The Company’s operations are organized and reviewed by management along its product lines and presented in three reportable segments. The results of the segments are reviewed through to the “Income from operations” line on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.