CENTURY ALUMINUM CO - Quarter Report: 2021 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to _______.

Commission file number 001-34474

Century Aluminum Company

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware			13-3070826
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(IRS Employer Identification No.)
One South Wacker Drive			60606
Suite 1000			(Zip Code)
Chicago
Illinois
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (312) 696-3101

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class:	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	CENX	Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
		(Nasdaq Global Select Market)

The registrant had 90,129,118 shares of common stock outstanding at November 3, 2021.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

☐ Yes ☒ No


TABLE OF CONTENTS
			Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.			4
Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements			11
Note 1. General			11
Note 2. Related Party Transactions			11
Note 3. Revenue			12
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements			13
Note 5. Earnings (Loss) per Share			17
Note 6. Shareholders' Equity			19
Note 7. Income Taxes			20
Note 8. Inventories			20
Note 9. Debt			21
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies			25
Note 11. Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			28
Note 12. Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost			30
Note 13. Derivatives			30
Note 14. Subsequent Events			31


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.			35
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.			43
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.			46

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.			47
Item 1A. Risk Factors.			47
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.			47
Item 5. Other Information.			48
Item 6. Exhibits.			49
SIGNATURES			50

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements


CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
NET SALES:
Related parties	$	350.6	$	235.8	$	925.3	$	792.4
Other customers	230.8		157.1		628.1		423.6
Total net sales	581.4		392.9		1,553.4		1,216.0
Cost of goods sold	526.8		420.0		1,498.6		1,251.3
Gross profit (loss)	54.6		(27.1)		54.8		(35.3)
Selling, general and administrative expenses	14.2		11.0		39.0		31.7
Other operating (income) expense - net	0.1		(0.2)		0.3		0.3
Operating income (loss)	40.3		(37.9)		15.5		(67.3)
Interest expense - Hawesville term loan	(0.6)		(0.4)		(1.1)		(1.6)
Interest expense	(6.1)		(9.1)		(22.6)		(21.0)
Interest income	0.0		0.1		0.2		0.6
Net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts	(76.7)		(9.4)		(239.2)		(1.9)

Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—		(1.2)		(24.7)		(1.2)
Other income (expense) - net	(2.5)		—		0.6		3.0
Income (loss) before income taxes	(45.6)		(57.9)		(271.3)		(89.4)
Income tax benefit (expense)	(6.8)		(0.3)		43.8		1.6
Income (loss) before equity in earnings of joint ventures	(52.4)		(58.2)		(227.5)		(87.8)
Equity in earnings of joint ventures	—		—		0.0		—
Net income (loss)	$	(52.4)	$	(58.2)	$	(227.5)	$	(87.8)

Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders	$	(52.4)	$	(58.2)	$	(227.5)	$	(87.8)
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.58)	$	(0.65)	$	(2.52)	$	(0.98)
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING:
Basic and diluted	90.1		89.5		90.1		89.4

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements


CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in millions)
(Unaudited)
	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)	$	(52.4)	$	(58.2)	$	(227.5)	$	(87.8)
Other comprehensive income before income tax effect:
Net income (loss) on foreign currency cash flow hedges reclassified as income	(0.0)		(0.1)		(0.1)		(0.1)
Defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefits:


Amortization of prior service benefit (cost) during the period	(0.8)		(0.7)		(2.4)		(2.3)
Amortization of net gain (loss) during the period	2.1		2.1		6.3		6.5
Other comprehensive income (loss) before income tax effect	1.3		1.3		3.8		4.1
Income tax effect	(0.1)		(0.2)		(0.2)		(0.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1.2		1.1		3.6		3.3
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	(51.2)	$	(57.1)	$	(223.9)	$	(84.5)

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements


CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)
	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	57.6	$	81.6
Restricted cash	11.3		2.7
Accounts receivable - net	78.6		51.0
Due from affiliates	10.7		10.3
Inventories	343.3		291.1
Derivative assets	33.7		6.4
Prepaid and other current assets	19.7		12.9

Total current assets	554.9		456.0
Property, plant and equipment - net	872.8		880.4
Due from affiliates - less current portion	—		1.7
Other assets	61.5		61.5
TOTAL	$	1,489.2	$	1,399.6
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable, trade	$	165.3	$	106.1
Interest payable	8.7		15.0
Due to affiliates	87.1		21.7
Accrued and other current liabilities	61.3		54.5
Derivative liabilities	123.5		4.9
Accrued employee benefits costs	9.5		10.3
Hawesville term loan	5.0		20.0
U.S. revolving credit facility	17.3		—
Iceland revolving credit facility	30.0		—
Industrial revenue bonds	7.8		7.8
Total current liabilities	515.5		240.3
Senior notes payable	245.6		243.1
Convertible senior notes payable	83.9		—
Iceland revolving credit facility - less current portion	—		45.0
Accrued pension benefits costs - less current portion	57.7		65.2
Accrued postretirement benefits costs - less current portion	100.4		101.5
Other liabilities	48.2		44.5
Derivative liabilities - less current portion	23.9		0.3
Leases - right of use liabilities	22.5		24.3
Due to affiliates - less current portion	22.4		0.1
Deferred taxes	48.9		89.2
Total noncurrent liabilities	653.5		613.2
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 10)	—		—
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Preferred stock (Note 6)	0.0		0.0
Common stock (Note 6)	1.0		1.0
Additional paid-in capital	2,528.0		2,530.0
Treasury stock, at cost	(86.3)		(86.3)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(115.2)		(118.8)
Accumulated deficit	(2,007.3)		(1,779.8)
Total shareholders’ equity	320.2		546.1
TOTAL	$	1,489.2	$	1,399.6

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements


CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)
	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	(227.5)	$	(87.8)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments	160.6		2.3
Lower of cost or NRV inventory adjustment	—		40.8
Depreciation and amortization	62.4		61.7
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	24.7		1.0
Change in deferred tax benefit	(40.9)		—
Other non-cash items - net	2.6		1.5
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable - net	(27.6)		19.5
Due from affiliates	(1.7)		14.9
Inventories	(52.2)		12.3
Prepaid and other current assets	(4.8)		(1.0)
Accounts payable, trade	46.7		(12.0)
Due to affiliates	43.1		(29.9)
Accrued and other current liabilities	3.5		6.7
Ravenswood retiree medical settlement	(2.0)		(2.0)
Other - net	1.0		5.3
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(12.1)		33.3
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(45.7)		(11.5)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant & equipment	0.0		0.1
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(45.7)		(11.4)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayment of Senior Notes due 2021	—		(250.0)
Proceeds from issuance of Senior Notes due 2025	—		243.8
Repayment of Senior Notes due 2025	(250.0)		—
Early redemption and tender premiums paid	(18.1)		—
Proceeds from issuance of Senior Notes due 2028	250.0		—
Proceeds from issuance of Convertible Senior Notes	86.3		—
Repayments on Hawesville term loan	(15.0)		(15.0)
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities	644.2		173.6
Repayments under revolving credit facilities	(641.8)		(127.6)
Debt issuance costs	(7.5)		(1.1)
Debt retirement costs	—		(0.2)
Purchases of capped calls related to Convertible Senior Notes	(5.7)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	42.4		23.5
CHANGE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH	(15.4)		45.4
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	84.3		39.7


CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)
	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	68.9	$	85.1


Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for:
Interest	$	26.0	$	14.1
Taxes	0.0		0.1
Non-cash investing activities:
Capital expenditures	6.1		0.4
Capitalized interest	0.8		—

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements


CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in millions)
(Unaudited)
	Preferred stock		Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Treasury stock, at cost		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Accumulated deficit		Total shareholders’ equity
Three months ended September 30, 2021
Balance, June 30, 2021	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,527.0	$	(86.3)	$	(116.4)	$	(1,954.9)	$	370.4
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—		(52.4)		(52.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		1.2		—		1.2
Share-based compensation	0.0		0.0		1.0		—		—		—		1.0
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	—		—		0.0		—		—		—		0.0
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,528.0	$	(86.3)	$	(115.2)	$	(2,007.3)	$	320.2

Three months ended September 30, 2020
Balance, June 30, 2020	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,527.6	$	(86.3)	$	(107.6)	$	(1,686.0)	$	648.7

Net income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—		(58.2)		(58.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		1.1		—		1.1
Share-based compensation	0.0		0.0		0.8		—		—		—		0.8
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	0.0		0.0		0.0		—		—		—		0.0
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,528.4	$	(86.3)	$	(106.5)	$	(1,744.2)	$	592.4

	Preferred stock		Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Treasury stock, at cost		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Accumulated deficit		Total shareholders’ equity
Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,530.0	$	(86.3)	$	(118.8)	$	(1,779.8)	$	546.1
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—		(227.5)		(227.5)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		3.6		—		3.6
Share-based compensation	—		0.0		2.6		—		—		—		2.6
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	0.0		0.0		0.0		—		—		—		0.0
Capped call premiums	—		—		(4.6)		—		—		—		(4.6)
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,528.0	$	(86.3)	$	(115.2)	$	(2,007.3)	$	320.2

Nine months ended September 30, 2020


Balance, December 31, 2019	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,526.5	$	(86.3)	$	(109.8)	$	(1,656.4)	$	675.0
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—		(87.8)		(87.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		3.3		—		3.3
Share-based compensation	—		0.0		1.9		—		—		—		1.9
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	0.0		0.0		0.0		—		—		—		0.0
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	0.0	$	1.0	$	2,528.4	$	(86.3)	$	(106.5)	$	(1,744.2)	$	592.4

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

1.General

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Century Aluminum Company should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020. In management’s opinion, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature, that are necessary for a fair presentation of financial results for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the first nine months of 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021. Throughout this Form 10-Q, and unless expressly stated otherwise or as the context otherwise requires, "Century Aluminum," "Century," the "Company," "we," "us," "our" and "ours" refer to Century Aluminum Company and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On January 1, 2021, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes." The ASU amendments include the removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740 and to improve and simplify accounting for income taxes by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On January 1, 2021, we adopted FASB ASU 2020-06, “Debt With Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity" using the modified retrospective method. The ASU amendments include simplification of the accounting models for convertible instruments and conversion options, and amendments to diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations for certain convertible instruments, requiring the inclusion of convertible securities in the calculation of diluted EPS using the if-converted method. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On January 1, 2021, we adopted the final rule issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) that amends the disclosure requirements related to issuers and guarantors of certain registered securities under SEC Regulation S-X Rule 3-10. We presented the alternative financial disclosures in Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis - Liquidity and Capital Resources. The adoption of the SEC rule is limited to disclosures only and did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2.Related Party Transactions

The significant related party transactions occurring during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are described below. We believe all of our transactions with related parties are at prices that approximate market.

Glencore Ownership

As of September 30, 2021, Glencore plc and its affiliates (together "Glencore") beneficially owned 42.9% of Century’s outstanding common stock (46.7% on a fully-diluted basis assuming the conversion of all of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock) and all of our outstanding Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. See Note 6. Shareholders' Equity for a description of our outstanding Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Century and Glencore enter into various transactions from time to time such as the purchase and sale of primary aluminum, purchase and sale of alumina and other raw materials, tolling agreements as well as forward financial contracts and debt transactions.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Sales to Glencore

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 60.3% and 60.0%, respectively, of our consolidated net sales were made to Glencore, while for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we derived approximately 59.6% and 65.2%, respectively, of our consolidated net sales from Glencore.

Glencore purchases aluminum produced at our U.S. smelters at prices primarily based on the London Metal Exchange (the "LME") plus the Midwest regional delivery premium plus any additional market-based product premiums. Glencore purchases aluminum produced at our Grundartangi, Iceland smelter at prices primarily based on the LME plus the European Duty Paid premium plus any additional market-based product premiums.

We have also entered into agreements with Glencore pursuant to which we sell certain amounts of alumina at market-based prices. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded $5.5 million and $16.9 million of revenue related to alumina sales to Glencore, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $16.4 million and $17.6 million of revenue related to alumina sales to Glencore, respectively.

Purchases from Glencore

We purchase a portion of our alumina and certain other raw material requirements from Glencore. Alumina purchases from Glencore during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were priced based on published alumina and aluminum indices.

Glencore Agreement Settlement

In July 2021, we reached a full and final legal settlement agreement with Glencore resolving a dispute related to alumina purchases and, accordingly, recorded a $4.0 million settlement loss to Cost of goods sold. At September 30, 2021, this amount is included in Due to affiliates on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, and will be paid during the fourth quarter.

Financial Contracts with Glencore

We have certain financial contracts with Glencore. See Note 13. Derivatives regarding these forward financial sales contracts.

Hawesville Term Loan

On April 29, 2019, we entered into a loan agreement with Glencore Ltd. pursuant to which the Company borrowed $40.0 million (the "Hawesville Term Loan”). See Note 9. Debt for additional information.

Summary

A summary of the aforementioned significant related party transactions is as follows:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020			2021		2020
Net sales to Glencore	$	350.6	$	235.8		$	925.3	$	792.4
Purchases from Glencore	78.3		63.7			230.1		137.3

3.Revenue

We disaggregate our revenue by geographical region as follows:

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


Net Sales	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
United States	$	373.8	$	242.0	$	997.9	$	764.0
Iceland	207.6		150.9		555.5		452.0
Total	$	581.4	$	392.9	$	1,553.4	$	1,216.0

4.Fair Value Measurements

We measure certain of our assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

In general, reporting entities should apply valuation techniques to measure fair value that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are developed using market data and reflect assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are developed using the best information available about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

The fair value hierarchy provides transparency regarding the inputs we use to measure fair value. We categorize each fair value measurement in its entirety into the following three levels, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement:

•Level 1 Inputs - quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

•Level 2 Inputs - inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

•Level 3 Inputs - significant unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.


Recurring Fair Value Measurements	As of September 30, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
ASSETS:
Cash equivalents	$	26.5	$	—	$	—	$	26.5
Trust assets (1)	0.6		—		—		0.6

Derivative instruments	—		42.2		—		42.2
TOTAL	$	27.1	$	42.2	$	—	$	69.3

LIABILITIES:
Contingent obligation – net	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Derivative instruments	—		188.1		15.5		203.6
TOTAL	$	—	$	188.1	$	15.5	$	203.6

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


Recurring Fair Value Measurements	As of December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
ASSETS:
Cash equivalents	$	54.2	$	—	$	—	$	54.2
Trust assets (1)	0.0		—		—		0.0
Derivative instruments	—		12.1		3.0		15.1
TOTAL	$	54.2	$	12.1	$	3.0	$	69.3

LIABILITIES:
Contingent obligation – net	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Derivative instruments	—		16.7		0.0		16.7
TOTAL	$	—	$	16.7	0.0		$	16.7

(1) Trust assets are currently invested in money market funds. These trust assets are held to fund the non-qualified supplemental executive pension benefit obligations for certain of our officers.

The following section describes the valuation techniques and inputs for fair value measurements categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy:

Level 2 Fair Value Measurements:

Asset / Liability

Valuation Techniques

Inputs

LME forward financial sales contracts

Discounted cash flows

Quoted LME forward market

Midwest Premium ("MWP") forward financial sales contracts

Discounted cash flows

Quoted MWP forward market

Fixed for floating swaps

Discounted cash flows

Quoted LME forward market, quoted MWP forward market

Nord Pool power price swaps

Discounted cash flows

Quoted Nord Pool forward market

Indiana Hub power price swaps

Discounted cash flows

Quoted Indiana Hub forward market

FX swaps

Discounted cash flows

Euro/USD forward exchange rate

Contingent obligation

Discounted cash flows

Quoted LME forward market

When valuing Level 3 assets and liabilities, we use certain significant unobservable inputs. Management incorporates various inputs and assumptions including forward commodity prices, commodity price volatility and macroeconomic conditions, including interest rates and discount rates. Our estimates of significant unobservable inputs are ultimately based on our estimates of risks that market participants would consider when valuing our assets and liabilities. The following table presents the inputs for fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, along with information regarding significant unobservable inputs used to value Level 3 assets and liabilities:

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Level 3 Fair Value Measurements:

As of September 30, 2021

As of December 31, 2020

Asset / Liability

Valuation Technique

Observable Inputs

Significant Unobservable Input

Fair Value

Value/Range of Unobservable Input

Fair Value

Value/Range of Unobservable Input

LME forward financial sales contracts

Discounted cash flows

Quoted LME forward market

Discount rate net (1)

(14.6)

8.58%

2.9

10.00%

FX swaps

Discounted cash flows

Euro/USD forward exchange rate

Discount rate net (1)

(0.9)

8.58%

0.1

10.00%

(1) Represents risk adjusted discount rate.

The following table presents the fair value reconciliation of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.


	Level 3 Assets		Level 3 Liabilities
For the three months ended September 30, 2021	Nord Pool		LME forward financial sales contracts		FX Swaps
Balance as of July 1, 2021	$	1.5	$	(17.9)	$	(0.4)
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses)
Included in net income (loss) (1)	—		(7.7)		(0.5)
Purchases, sales, settlements
Purchases	—		—		—
Sales	—		—		—
Settlements	—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (2)	—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3(3)	(1.5)		11.0		—
Balance as of September 30, 2021	—		(14.6)		$	(0.9)

Change in unrealized gains (losses) (1)	$	—	$	(7.7)	$	(0.5)

(1) Gains and losses are presented in the Consolidated Statement of Operations within the line item "Net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts."

(2) Transfers into Level 3 due to contracts with applied discount rate during the third quarter of 2021.

(3) Transfers out of Level 3 due to period of time remaining in derivative contract.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


For the three months ended September 30, 2020	Level 3 Assets		Level 3 Liabilities
	LME forward financial sales contracts		Hawesville L4 Power Price Swaps
Balance as of July 1, 2020	$	6.1	$	(1.5)
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses)
Included in net income (1)	(4.2)		(0.2)
Purchases, sales, settlements
Purchases	—		—
Sales	—		—
Settlements			0.9
Transfers into Level 3 (2)	4.7		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (3)	—		—
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	6.6	$	(0.8)

Change in unrealized gains (losses)	$	(4.2)	$	0.7

(1) Gains and losses are presented in the Consolidated Statement of Operations within the line item "Net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts."

(2) Transfers into Level 3 due to contracts with applied discount rate during the third quarter of 2020.

(3) Transfers out of Level 3 due to period of time remaining in derivative contract.


	Level 3 Assets		Level 3 Liabilities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021	Nord Pool		LME forward financial sales contracts		FX Swaps
Balance as of January 1, 2021	$	—	$	2.9	$	0.1
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses)
Included in net income (loss) (1)	—		(28.0)		(0.5)
Purchases, sales, settlements
Purchases	—		—		—
Sales	—		—		—
Settlements	—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (2)	1.5		(1.0)		(0.4)
Transfers out of Level 3(3)	(1.5)		11.5		(0.1)
Balance as of September 30, 2021	—		(14.6)		$	(0.9)

Change in unrealized gains (losses) (1)	$	—	$	(28.0)	$	(0.5)

(1) Gains and losses are presented in the Consolidated Statement of Operations within the line item "Net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts."

(2) Transfers into Level 3 due to contracts with applied discount rate during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

(3) Transfers out of Level 3 due to period of time remaining in derivative contract.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


For the nine months ended September 30, 2020	Level 3 Assets		Level 3 Liabilities
	LME forward financial sales contracts		Hawesville L4 Power Price Swaps
Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	10.6	$	(2.9)
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses)
Included in Net Income (1)	0.8		(1.6)
Purchases, sales, settlements
Purchases	—		—
Sales	—		—
Settlements	—		3.7
Transfers into Level 3(2)	4.7		—
Transfers out of Level 3(3)	(9.5)		—
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	6.6	$	(0.8)

Change in unrealized gains (losses) (1)	$	0.8	$	2.1

(1) Gains and losses are presented in the Consolidated Statement of Operations within the line item "Net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts."

(2) Transfers into Level 3 due to contracts with applied discount rate during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

(3) Transfers out of Level 3 due to period of time remaining in derivative contract.

5. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share ("EPS") amounts are calculated by dividing net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS amounts assume the issuance of common stock for all potentially dilutive securities.

The following table shows the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:


	For the three months ended September 30,
	2021						2020
	Net Income (Loss)			Shares (in millions)	Per Share		Net Income (Loss)			Shares (in millions)	Per Share
Net income (loss)	$	(52.4)					$	(58.2)
Amount allocated to common stockholders	100.0		%				100.0		%

Basic and diluted EPS(1)	$	(52.4)		90.1	$	(0.58)	$	(58.2)		89.5	$	(0.65)






	For the nine months ended September 30,
	2021						2020
	Net Income (Loss)			Shares (in millions)	Per Share		Net Income (Loss)			Shares (in millions)	Per Share
Net income (loss)	$	(227.5)					$	(87.8)
Amount allocated to common stockholders	100.0		%				100.0		%

Basic and diluted EPS(1)	$	(227.5)		90.1	$	(2.52)	$	(87.8)		89.4	$	(0.98)

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
Securities excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS (in millions)(1):	2021	2020	2021	2020


Share-based compensation	2.5	1.7	2.5	1.2
Convertible preferred shares	6.3	6.6	6.3	6.6
Convertible senior notes	4.8	—	4.8	—

(1) In periods when we report a net loss, all share-based compensation awards, convertible preferred shares and convertible senior notes are excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding because of their anti-dilutive effect on earnings (loss) per share.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

6.Shareholders’ Equity

Common Stock

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had 195,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, authorized under our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, of which 97,315,639 shares were issued and 90,129,118 shares were outstanding at September 30, 2021; 97,242,318 shares were issued and 90,055,797 shares were outstanding at December 31, 2020.

The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred stock which are currently outstanding, including our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, or which we may designate and issue in the future.

Preferred Stock

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, authorized under our Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Our Board of Directors may issue preferred stock in one or more series and determine for each series the dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, redemption rights, liquidating preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting that series, as well as the designation thereof. Depending upon the terms of preferred stock established by our Board of Directors, any or all of the preferred stock could have preference over the common stock with respect to dividends and other distributions and upon the liquidation of Century. In addition, issuance of any shares of preferred stock with voting powers may dilute the voting power of the outstanding common stock.

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

Shares Authorized and Outstanding. In 2008, we issued 160,000 shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Glencore holds all of the issued and outstanding Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were 63,274 and 63,589 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding, respectively.

The issuance of common stock under our stock incentive programs, debt exchange transactions and any stock offering that excludes Glencore participation triggers anti-dilution provisions of the preferred stock agreement and results in the automatic conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock shares into shares of common stock. The conversion ratio of preferred to common shares is 100 shares of common stock for each share of preferred stock.

The Common and Preferred Stock table below contains additional information about preferred stock conversions during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.


	Preferred stock	Common stock
Common and Preferred Stock Activity (in shares):	Series A Convertible	Treasury	Outstanding
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2020	63,589	7,186,521	90,055,797
Conversion of convertible preferred stock	(315)	—	31,465
Issuance for share-based compensation plans	—	—	41,856
Ending balance as of September 30, 2021	63,274	7,186,521	90,129,118

Beginning balance as of December 31, 2019	67,323	7,186,521	89,185,661

Conversion of convertible preferred stock	(1,284)	—	128,389
Issuance for share-based compensation plans	—	—	170,784
Ending balance as of September 30, 2020	66,039	7,186,521	89,484,834

Stock Repurchase Program

In 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a $60.0 million common stock repurchase program and during the first quarter of 2015, our Board of Directors increased the size of the program by $70.0 million. Under the program, Century is authorized to repurchase up to $130.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock, from time to time, on the open market at prevailing market prices, in block trades or otherwise. The timing and amount of any shares repurchased will be determined by

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

our management based on its evaluation of market conditions, the trading price of our common stock and other factors. The stock repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time.

Shares of common stock repurchased are recorded at cost as treasury stock and result in a reduction of shareholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheets. From time to time, treasury shares may be reissued as contributions to our employee benefit plans and for the conversion of convertible preferred stock. When shares are reissued, we use an average cost method for determining cost. The difference between the cost of the shares and the reissuance price is added to or deducted from additional paid-in capital.

We have repurchased 7,186,521 shares of common stock under the program for an aggregate purchase price of $86.3 million. We have made no repurchases since April 2015 and we have $43.7 million remaining under the repurchase program authorization as of September 30, 2021.

7. Income Taxes

We recorded an income tax expense of $6.8 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The increase is primarily due to improved operational results from foreign operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we recorded an income tax benefit of $43.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively. This increase is primarily due to a discrete tax benefit of $49.8 million in the second quarter of 2021 related to the recognition of a foreign deferred tax asset for the future tax benefit we expect to realize for deductible costs related to our historical investment in Nordural Helguvik ehf (“Helguvik”). In the second quarter of 2021, it became apparent this deferred tax asset would be realized in the foreseeable future. Additionally, we concluded this deferred tax asset was more likely than not to be realized prior to expiration and recorded the tax benefit in the second quarter. We have not changed our judgment in the current quarter with respect to other valuation allowances previously recorded.

Our income tax benefit or expense is based on an annual effective tax rate forecast, including estimates and assumptions that could change during the year. The application of the accounting requirements for income taxes in interim periods, after consideration of our valuation allowance, causes a significant variation in the typical relationship between income tax expense/benefit and pre-tax accounting income/loss.

As of September 30, 2021, all of Century's U.S. and certain foreign deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, continue to be subject to a valuation allowance.

8. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Raw materials	$	95.3	$	95.9
Work-in-process	55.4		40.5
Finished goods	26.4		26.9
Operating and other supplies	166.2		127.8
Total inventories	$	343.3	$	291.1

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or Net Realizable Value ("NRV") using the first-in, first-out or the weighted average cost method.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

9.Debt


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Debt classified as current liabilities:
Hawesville Term Loan(1)	$	5.0	$	20.0
Hancock County industrial revenue bonds ("IRBs") due April 1, 2028, interest payable quarterly (variable interest rates (not to exceed 12%)) (2)	7.8		7.8
U.S. Revolving Credit Facility(3)	17.3		—
Iceland Revolving Credit Facility (4)	30.0		—
Debt classified as non-current liabilities:
Iceland Revolving Credit Facility (4)	—		45.0
12.0% senior secured notes due July 1, 2025, net of debt discount of $2.3 million, and financing fees of $4.6 million at December 31, 2020, interest payable semiannually	—		243.1
7.5% senior secured notes due April 1, 2028, net of financing fees of $4.4 million at September 30, 2021, interest payable semiannually	245.6		—
2.75% convertible senior notes due May 1, 2028, net of financing fees of $2.4 million at September 30, 2021, interest payable semiannually	83.9		—

Total	$	389.6	$	315.9

(1) See "Hawesville Term Loan" below. At September 30, 2021, the applicable interest rate was LIBOR of 0.125% plus margin of 5.375% and there is no interest payable outstanding. As of September 30, 2021, we have made $35.0 million of principal payments and $4.6 million of interest payments.

(2) The IRBs are classified as current liabilities because they are remarketed weekly and could be required to be repaid upon demand if there is a failed remarketing. The IRBs interest rate at September 30, 2021 was 0.21%.

(3) We have elected to incur interest at a base rate plus applicable margin as defined within the agreement. The interest rate at September 30, 2021 was 4.00%.

(4) We have elected to incur interest at LIBOR plus applicable margin as defined within the agreement. The interest rate at September 30, 2021 was 3.088%.

7.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2028

General. On April 14, 2021, we issued $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.5% senior secured notes due 2028 (the "2028 Notes"). We received proceeds of $245.2 million, after payment of certain financing fees and related expenses.

Interest Rate. The 2028 Notes bear interest semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2021, at a rate of 7.5% per annum in cash.

Maturity. The 2028 Notes mature on April 1, 2028.

Seniority. The 2028 Notes are senior secured obligations of Century, ranking equally in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of Century, but effectively senior to unsecured debt to the extent of the value of collateral.

Guaranty. Our obligations under the 2028 Notes are guaranteed by all of our existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”), except for foreign owned holding companies, any domestic restricted subsidiary that owns no assets other than equity interests or other investments in foreign subsidiaries and certain immaterial subsidiaries, which guaranty shall in each case be a senior secured obligation of such Guarantor Subsidiaries, ranking equally in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of such Guarantor Subsidiaries but effectively senior to unsecured debt to the extent of the value of collateral.

Collateral. Our obligations under the 2028 Notes and the Guarantor Subsidiaries' obligations under the guarantees are secured by a pledge of and lien on (subject to certain exceptions):

(i) all of our and the Guarantor Subsidiaries' property, plant and equipment (other than certain excluded property);

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

(ii) all equity interests in subsidiaries directly owned by Century or any Guarantor Subsidiaries; and

(iii) proceeds of the foregoing.

Under certain circumstances, the indenture and the security documents governing the 2028 Notes will permit us and the guarantors to incur additional debt that also may be secured by liens on the collateral that are equal to or have priority over the liens securing the 2028 Notes. The collateral agent for the 2028 Notes will agree with the collateral agent for the other debt holders and us under such circumstances to enter into an intercreditor agreement that will cause the liens securing the 2028 Notes to be contractually subordinated to the liens securing such additional debt.

Redemption Rights. Prior to April 1, 2024, we may redeem the 2028 Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.00% of the principal amount plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest, and if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on April 1 of the years indicated below, at the following redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest:


Year			Percentage
2024			103.750%
2025			101.875%
2026 and Thereafter			100.000%

Upon a change of control (as defined in the indenture governing the 2028 Notes), we will be required to make an offer to purchase the 2028 Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the outstanding principal amount of the 2028 Notes on the date of the purchase, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date of purchase.

Covenants. The indenture governing the 2028 Notes contains customary covenants which may limit our ability, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries, to: (i) incur additional debt; (ii) incur additional liens; (iii) pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock; (iv) purchase or redeem capital stock; (v) make investments or certain other restricted payments; (vi) sell assets; (vii) issue or sell stock of certain subsidiaries; (viii) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (ix) effect a consolidation or merger.

Fair Value. As of September 30, 2021, the total estimated fair value of the 2028 Notes was $264.6 million. Although we use quoted market prices for identical debt instruments, the markets on which they trade are not considered to be active and are therefore considered Level 2 fair value measurements.

12.0% Notes Tender Offer and Redemption

In April 2021, we commenced a tender offer to the holders of the outstanding 12.0% senior secured notes due July 2025 (the "2025 Notes") and notified all such holders of our election to redeem all 2025 Notes not purchased in our tender offer on May 14, 2021. We received tenders for approximately $195.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Notes and the remaining 2025 Notes were redeemed on May 14, 2021 at a redemption price of 107% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest. As a result, the Company's and the guarantors' obligations under the indenture governing the 2025 Notes have been fully discharged. We applied net proceeds from the offering of the 2028 Notes described above, together with a portion of the net proceeds from the Convertible Notes offering described below, toward payment of the total consideration amount to holders whose 2025 Notes were accepted and purchased in the tender offer and to fund the redemption of any remaining 2025 Notes.

Based on the characteristics of the 2025 Notes and the 2028 Notes that were issued, the tender and redemption of the 2025 Notes were accounted for as an extinguishment of the debt. Accordingly, we have recorded a $24.7 million loss on early extinguishment of debt, consisting of early redemption and tender premiums of $18.1 million, write-off of deferred financing costs and the debt discount associated with the 2025 Notes of $4.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

Convertible Notes due 2028

General. On April 9, 2021, we completed a private offering of $86.3 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2028 (the "Convertible Notes"). The Convertible Notes were issued at a price of 100% of their aggregate principal amount. We received proceeds of $83.7 million, after payment of certain financing fees and related expenses.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The initial conversion rate for the Convertible Notes is 53.3547 shares of the Company's common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $18.74 per share of the Company's common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price are subject to customary adjustments under certain circumstances in accordance with the terms of the indenture.

Interest Rate. The Convertible Notes will bear interest semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on November 1, 2021, at a rate of 2.75% per annum in cash.

Maturity. The Convertible Notes will mature on May 1, 2028, unless earlier converted, repurchased, or redeemed.

Seniority. The Convertible Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes; equal in right of payment to any of the Company’s unsecured indebtedness that is not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s senior secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company’s subsidiaries.

Redemption rights. We may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to May 6, 2025. On or after May 6, 2025, we may redeem for cash all or part of the Convertible Notes at our option if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading-day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on and including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

Upon conversion, we may satisfy our conversion obligation by paying or delivering, as applicable, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election, based on the applicable conversion rate. In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time. Additionally in the event of a corporate event constituting a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture), holders of the Convertible Notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their Convertible Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of the fundamental change repurchase.

As of September 30, 2021, the if-converted value of the Convertible Notes did not exceed the outstanding principal amount.

Fair Value. As of September 30, 2021, the total estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes was $87.5 million. Although we use quoted market prices for identical debt instruments, the markets on which they trade are not considered to be active and are therefore considered Level 2 fair value measurements.

Capped Calls

On April 6, 2021 and April 7, 2021, in connection with the pricing of the Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Calls”) with certain of the initial purchasers and other financial institutions (the "Option Counterparties") at a cost of $5.7 million. The Capped Calls cover, subject to customary adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock initially underlying the Convertible Notes. By entering into the Capped Calls, we expect to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Convertible Notes (or, in the event a conversion of the Convertible Notes is settled in cash, to reduce our cash payment obligation) in the event that at the time of conversion of the Convertible Notes our common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the Convertible Notes. The Capped Calls each have an initial strike price of approximately $18.74 per share, subject to certain adjustments, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Convertible Notes. The Capped Calls have an initial cap price of $22.95 per share of common stock.

On April 6, 2021 and April 7, 2021, we entered into side letters with the Option Counterparties that modified the terms of the Capped Calls, thus requiring derivative accounting treatment with changes in fair value reported in earnings. On June 29, 2021, we terminated the side letters with the Option Counterparties by mutual agreement, which caused the Capped Calls to meet the criteria for classification in equity. As of September 30, 2021, the Capped Calls are included as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital within stockholders’ equity. During the period in the second quarter in which the Capped Calls were classified as derivatives, we recognized $1.0 million as a loss on forward and derivative contracts.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Hawesville Term Loan

On April 29, 2019, we entered into a loan agreement with Glencore Ltd. pursuant to which the Company borrowed $40.0 million. Borrowings under the Hawesville Term Loan were used to partially finance the second phase of the Hawesville restart project. The Hawesville Term Loan matures on December 31, 2021 and is to be repaid in twenty-four (24) equal monthly installments of principal beginning on January 31, 2020. The Hawesville Term Loan bears interest, due monthly, at a floating rate equal to LIBOR plus 5.375% per annum. The Hawesville Term Loan is not secured by any collateral.

U.S. Revolving Credit Facility

We and certain of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries (the "Borrowers") have a senior secured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of lenders (as amended from time to time, the "U.S. revolving credit facility"). The U.S. revolving credit facility provides for borrowings of up to $175.0 million in the aggregate, including up to $110.0 million under a letter of credit sub-facility, and also includes an uncommitted accordion feature whereby Borrowers may increase the capacity of the U.S. revolving credit facility by up to $50.0 million, subject to agreement with the lenders. The U.S. revolving credit facility matures on May 16, 2023.

Any letters of credit issued and outstanding under the U.S. revolving credit facility reduce our borrowing availability on a dollar-for-dollar basis. At September 30, 2021, there were $17.3 million in outstanding borrowings and $108.5 million of outstanding letters of credit issued under our U.S. revolving credit facility. Principal payments, if any, are due upon maturity of the U.S. revolving credit facility and may be prepaid without penalty.


Status of our U.S. revolving credit facility:	September 30, 2021
Credit facility maximum amount	$	175.0
Borrowing availability	175.0
Outstanding letters of credit issued	108.5
Outstanding borrowings	17.3
Borrowing availability, net of outstanding letters of credit and borrowings	49.2

Iceland Revolving Credit Facility

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Nordural Grundartangi ehf ("Grundartangi"), has entered into a $50.0 million revolving credit facility agreement with Landsbankinn hf., dated November 2013, as amended (the "Iceland revolving credit facility"). Under the terms of the Iceland revolving credit facility, when Grundartangi borrows funds it will designate a repayment date, which may be any date prior to the maturity of the Iceland revolving credit facility. At September 30, 2021, there were $30.0 million in outstanding borrowings under our Iceland revolving credit facility. The Iceland revolving credit facility has a term through November 2024. Principal payments, if any, are due upon maturity of the Iceland revolving credit facility and may be prepaid without penalty.


Status of our Iceland revolving credit facility:	September 30, 2021
Credit facility maximum amount	$	50.0
Borrowing availability	50.0
Outstanding letters of credit issued	—
Outstanding borrowings	30.0
Borrowing availability, net of borrowings	20.0

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

10.Commitments and Contingencies

We have pending against us or may be subject to various lawsuits, claims and proceedings related primarily to employment, commercial, stockholder, environmental, safety and health matters and are involved in other matters that may give rise to contingent liabilities. While the results of such matters and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the ultimate outcome of any such matters and claims will not have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. However, because of the nature and inherent uncertainties of litigation and estimating liabilities, should the resolution or outcome of these actions be unfavorable, our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity could be materially and adversely affected.

In evaluating whether to accrue for losses associated with legal or environmental contingencies, it is our policy to take into consideration factors such as the facts and circumstances asserted, our historical experience with contingencies of a similar nature, the likelihood of our prevailing and the severity of any potential loss. For some matters, no accrual is established because we have assessed our risk of loss to be remote. Where the risk of loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record an accrual, either on an individual basis or with respect to a group of matters involving similar claims, based on the factors set forth above. While we regularly review the status of, and our estimates of potential liability associated with, contingencies to determine the adequacy of any associated accruals and related disclosures, the ultimate amount of loss may differ from our estimates.

Legal Contingencies

Vernon

In July 2006, we were named as a defendant, together with certain affiliates of Alcan Inc., in a lawsuit brought by Alcoa Inc. seeking to determine responsibility for certain environmental indemnity obligations related to the sale of a cast aluminum plate manufacturing facility located in Vernon, California, which we purchased from Alcoa Inc. in December 1998, and sold to Alcan Rolled Products-Ravenswood LLC in July 1999. The complaint also seeks costs and attorney fees. Trial was bifurcated and moved to September 2021 for Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("CERCLA") issues and to a later undetermined date for questions of fact. Prior to trial, the parties reached an agreement to settle the case, full and final, effective October 1, 2021 (the "Vernon Settlement"). Pursuant to the terms of the Vernon Settlement, Century agreed to pay $3.9 million in exchange for full release of all environmental liabilities at the site, a full release of all of our contractual indemnification obligations, and a dismissal of the case with prejudice. At September 30, 2021, this amount is included in Accrued and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, and will be paid during the fourth quarter.

Ravenswood Retiree Medical Benefits

In November 2009, Century Aluminum of West Virginia ("CAWV") filed a class action complaint for declaratory judgment against the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union ("USW"), the USW’s local and certain CAWV retirees, individually and as class representatives ("CAWV Retirees"), seeking a declaration of CAWV’s rights to modify/terminate retiree medical benefits. Later in November 2009, the USW and representatives of a retiree class filed a separate suit against CAWV, Century Aluminum Company, Century Aluminum Master Welfare Benefit Plan, and various John Does with respect to the foregoing. On August 18, 2017, the District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia approved a settlement agreement in respect of these actions, pursuant to which, CAWV agreed to make payments into a trust for the benefit of the CAWV Retirees in the aggregate amount of $23.0 million over the course of ten years. Upon approval of the settlement, we paid $5.0 million to the aforementioned trust in September 2017 and recognized a gain of $5.5 million to arrive at the-then net present value of $12.5 million. CAWV has agreed to pay the remaining amounts under the settlement agreement in annual increments of $2.0 million for nine years. As of September 30, 2021, $2.0 million was recorded in other current liabilities and $6.0 million was recorded in other liabilities.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

PBGC Settlement

In 2013, we entered into a settlement agreement with the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation ("the PBGC") regarding an alleged "cessation of operations" at our Ravenswood facility (the "PBGC Settlement Agreement"). Pursuant to the terms of the PBGC Settlement Agreement, we agreed to make additional contributions (above any minimum required contributions) to our defined benefit pension plans totaling approximately $17.4 million. Under certain circumstances, in periods of lower primary aluminum prices relative to our cost of operations, we were able to defer one or more of these payments, provided that we provide the PBGC with acceptable security for such deferred payments. We did not make any contributions for the three or nine month periods ended September 30, 2021, and 2020. We historically elected to defer certain payments under the PBGC Settlement Agreement and provided the PBGC with the appropriate security. On October 1, 2021, we amended the PBGC Settlement Agreement such that we removed the deferral mechanism and agreed to contribute approximately $2.4 million per year to our defined benefit pension plans for a total of approximately $9.6 million, over the next four years beginning on November 30, 2022 and ending on November 30, 2025, subject to acceleration if certain terms and conditions are met in such amendment.

Power Commitments and Contingencies

Hawesville

Hawesville has a power supply arrangement with Kenergy and EDF Trading North America, LLC (“EDF") which provides market-based power to the Hawesville smelter. Under this arrangement, the power companies purchase power on the open market and pass it through to Hawesville at Midcontinent Independent System Operator ("MISO") pricing plus transmission and other costs. The power supply arrangement with Kenergy has an effective term through December 2023. The arrangement with EDF to act as our market participant with MISO has an effective term through May 2022. Each of these agreements provide for automatic extension on a year-to-year basis unless a one year notice is given.

Sebree

Sebree has a power supply arrangement with Kenergy and EDF which provides market-based power to the Sebree smelter. Similar to the arrangement at Hawesville, the power companies purchase power on the open market and pass it through to Sebree at MISO pricing plus transmission and other costs. The power supply arrangement with Kenergy has an effective term through December 2023. The arrangement with EDF to act as our market participant with MISO has an effective term through May 2022. Each of these agreements provides for automatic extension on a year-to-year basis unless a one year notice is given.

Mt. Holly

Century Aluminum of South Carolina, Inc. has a power supply agreement with Santee Cooper that has an effective term beginning April 1, 2021 and runs through December 2023. Under this power supply agreement, 100% of Mt. Holly’s electrical power requirements are supplied from Santee Cooper’s generation at cost of service based rates. The contract is expected to provide sufficient energy to allow Mt. Holly to increase its production to 75% of full production capacity.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Grundartangi

Grundartangi has power purchase agreements for approximately 545 MW with HS Orka hf ("HS"), Landsvirkjun and Orkuveita Reykjavikur ("OR") to provide power to its Grundartangi smelter. These power purchase agreements expire on various dates from 2026 through 2036 (subject to extension). The power purchase agreements with HS and OR provide power at LME-based variable rates for the duration of these agreements. In July 2021, Grundartangi reached an agreement with Landsvirkjun for an extension of its existing 161 MW power contract that would have expired in December 2023. Under the terms of the extension, Landsvirkjun will continue to supply power to Grundartangi from January 1, 2024 through December 31, 2026 and will increase the existing contract from 161 MW to 182 MW over time to provide the necessary flexibility to support the most recent capacity creep requirements and future growth opportunities for value-added products at the Grundartangi plant, including the Grundartangi casthouse project discussed in Note 14. Subsequent Events. Under the terms of this extension, the majority of power supplied by Landsvirkjun will be priced at rates linked to the Nord Pool power market through December 2023 and a small portion of power at a fixed price. Thereafter, beginning January 1, 2024 through December 31, 2026 this agreement provides for only fixed rates. Grundartangi also has a 25 MW power purchase agreement with Landsvirkjun at LME-based variable rates.

Other Commitments and Contingencies

Labor Commitments

The bargaining unit employees at our Grundartangi, Vlissingen, Hawesville and Sebree facilities are represented by labor unions, representing approximately 64% of our total workforce.

Approximately 86% of Grundartangi’s work force is represented by five labor unions, governed by a labor agreement that establishes wages and work rules for covered employees. This agreement is effective through December 31, 2024.

100% of Vlissingen's work force is represented by the Federation for the Metal and Electrical Industry ("FME"), a Netherlands' employers' organization for companies in the metal, electronics, electrical engineering and plastic sectors. The FME negotiates working conditions with trade unions on behalf of its members, which, when agreed upon, are then applicable to all employees of Vlissingen. The current labor agreement is effective through November 30, 2022.

Approximately 55% of our U.S. based work force is represented by USW. The labor agreement for Hawesville employees is effective through April 1, 2026. Century Sebree's labor agreement with the USW for its employees is effective through October 28, 2023. Mt. Holly employees are not represented by a labor union.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

11.Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss


Components of AOCL:	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Defined benefit plan liabilities	$	(119.7)	$	(123.7)

Unrealized gain (loss) on financial instruments	2.0		2.1
Other comprehensive loss before income tax effect	(117.7)		(121.6)
Income tax effect (1)	2.5		2.8
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(115.2)	$	(118.8)

(1) The allocation of the income tax effect to the components of other comprehensive loss is as follows:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Defined benefit plan liabilities	$	2.9	$	3.2

Unrealized loss on financial instruments	(0.4)		(0.4)

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the changes in the accumulated balances for each component of AOCL:


	Defined benefit plan and other postretirement liabilities		Unrealized gain (loss) on financial instruments		Total, net of tax
Balance, July 1, 2021	$	(118.1)	$	1.7	$	(116.4)
Net amount reclassified to net income (loss)	1.2		0.0		1.2
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	(116.9)	$	1.7	$	(115.2)

Balance, July 1, 2020	$	(109.5)	$	1.9	$	(107.6)
Net amount reclassified to net income	1.2		$	(0.1)	1.1
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	(108.3)	$	1.8	$	(106.5)

Balance, December 31, 2020	$	(120.6)	$	1.8	$	(118.8)
Net amount reclassified to net loss	3.7		(0.1)		3.6
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	(116.9)	$	1.7	$	(115.2)

Balance, December 31, 2019	$	(111.7)	$	1.9	$	(109.8)
Net amount reclassified to net income (loss)	3.4		(0.1)		3.3
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	(108.3)	$	1.8	$	(106.5)

Reclassifications out of AOCL were included in the consolidated statements of operations as follows:


		Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
AOCL Components	Location	2021		2020		2021		2020
Defined benefit plan and other postretirement liabilities	Cost of goods sold	$	0.7	$	0.8	$	2.2	$	2.3
	Selling, general and administrative expenses	0.2		0.1		0.6		0.5
	Other operating expense, net	0.4		0.5		1.2		1.4
	Income tax effect	(0.1)		(0.2)		(0.3)		(0.8)
	Net of tax	$	1.2	$	1.2	$	3.7	$	3.4

Unrealized loss on financial instruments	Cost of goods sold	$	0.0	$	(0.1)	$	(0.1)	$	(0.1)
	Income tax effect	0.0		0.0		0.0		0.0
	Net of tax	$	0.0	$	(0.1)	$	(0.1)	$	(0.1)

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

12. Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost


	Pension Benefits
	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	1.2	$	1.3	$	3.5	$	3.7
Interest cost	2.4		2.9		7.3		8.5
Expected return on plan assets	(5.6)		(5.3)		(16.8)		(15.6)
Amortization of prior service costs	0.0		0.1		0.1		0.1
Amortization of net loss	1.5		1.6		4.5		4.9
Net periodic benefit cost	$	(0.5)	$	0.6	$	(1.4)	$	1.6


	Other Postretirement Benefits
	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	0.1	$	0.0	$	0.2	$	0.2
Interest cost	0.6		0.8		1.8		2.3
Amortization of prior service cost	(0.8)		(0.8)		(2.4)		(2.4)
Amortization of net loss	0.6		0.5		1.7		1.6
Net periodic benefit cost	$	0.5	$	0.5	$	1.3	$	1.7

13. Derivatives

As of September 30, 2021, we had an open position of 143,791 tonnes related to LME forward financial sales contracts to fix the forward LME aluminum price. These contracts are expected to settle monthly through December 2024. We also had an open position of 298,500 tonnes related to MWP forward financial sales contracts to fix the forward MWP price. These contracts are expected to settle monthly through December 2022. We have also entered into financial contracts with various counterparties to offset fixed price sales arrangements with certain of our customers ("fixed for floating swaps") to remain exposed to the LME and MWP aluminum prices. As of September 30, 2021, we had 8,924 tonnes related to fixed for floating swaps that will settle monthly through June 2022.

We have entered into financial contracts to hedge a portion of Grundartangi's exposure to the Nord Pool power market (“Nord Pool power price swaps”). As of September 30, 2021, we had an open position of 1,774,161 MWh related to the Nord Pool power price swaps. The Nord Pool power price swaps are expected to settle monthly through December 2023. Because the Nord Pool power price swaps are settled in Euros, we have entered into financial contracts to hedge the risk of fluctuations associated with the Euro ("FX swaps"). As of September 30, 2021, we had an open position related to the FX swaps of €42.6 million that will settle monthly through December 2023.

We have entered into financial contracts to fix a portion of our exposure to the Indiana Hub power market at our Kentucky plants ("Indiana Hub power price swaps"). As of September 30, 2021, we had an open position of 394,560 MWh. The Indiana Hub power price swaps are expected to settle monthly through December 2023.

The following table sets forth the Company's derivative assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value and not designated as cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively:

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Asset Fair Value
	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Commodity contracts (1)	$	42.1	$	12.8
Foreign exchange contracts (2)	—		2.4
Total	$	42.1	$	15.2


	Liability Fair Value
	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Commodity contracts (1)	$	201.8	$	16.7
Foreign exchange contracts (2)	1.7		—
Total	$	203.5	$	16.7

(1) Commodity contracts reflect our outstanding LME forward financial sales contracts, MWP forward financial sales contracts, fixed for floating swaps, Nord Pool power price swaps, and Indiana Hub power price swaps. At September 30, 2021, $33.6 million of Due to affiliates and $22.4 million of Due to affiliates - less current portion was related to commodity contract liabilities with Glencore. At December 31, 2020, $1.2 million of Due from affiliates, $1.7 million of Due from affiliates - less current portion, $11.3 million of Due to affiliates, and $0.1 million of Due to affiliates - less current portion was related to commodity contract assets and liabilities with Glencore.

(2) Foreign exchange contracts reflect our outstanding FX swaps.

The following table summarizes the net (loss) gain on forward and derivative contracts:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Commodity contracts(1)	$	(75.6)	$	(11.0)	$	(235.2)	$	0.8
Foreign exchange contracts	(1.4)		1.6		(3.2)		(2.7)
Total	$	(77.0)	$	(9.4)	$	(238.4)	$	(1.9)

(1) For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, $(26.3) million and $(4.6) million of the net (loss), respectively, was with Glencore. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, $(79.8) million and $0.1 million of the net (loss) gain, respectively, was with Glencore.

14. Subsequent Events

PBGC Settlement Amendment

On October 1, 2021, we amended the PBGC Settlement Agreement such that we removed the deferral mechanism and agreed to contribute approximately $2.4 million per year to our defined benefit pension plans for a total of approximately $9.6 million, over the next four years beginning on November 30, 2022 and ending on November 30, 2025, subject to acceleration if certain terms and conditions are met in such amendment. See Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies.

Helguvik Bankruptcy Filing

On October 20, 2021, Nordural Helguvik ehf ("Helguvik"), a wholly owned subsidiary and owner of the former Helguvik project site which has been curtailed since 2008, filed for bankruptcy and on October 28, 2021, a district court in Iceland issued a verdict declaring bankruptcy of Helguvik. We believe the bankruptcy filing will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

CENTURY ALUMINUM COMPANY

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Grundartangi Casthouse

On November 2, 2021, Grundartangi entered into an eight-year Term Facility Agreement with Arion Bank hf, to provide for borrowings up to $130 million in connection with the casthouse project at Grundartangi (the “Casthouse Facility”). Under the Casthouse Facility, repayments of principal amounts will be made in equal quarterly installments, the first payment occurring 30 months after the first drawdown by Grundartangi. The interest rate shall be the sum of the interest rate equal to USD LIBOR 3 month as published at any given time by the Intercontinental Exchange (and if the rate is less than zero, this amount shall be deemed to be zero) plus the applicable margin as set forth in the agreement. Grundartangi shall pay an arrangement fee equal to 0.78% of the total facility amount regardless of whether there are amounts outstanding under the Casthouse Facility and shall pay a commitment fee of 0.38% per annum on undrawn commitments, payable quarterly at the same time as interest payments are due and payable. This Casthouse Facility contains customary covenants, including restrictions on mergers and acquisitions, indebtedness, preservation of assets, and dispositions of assets and contains a covenant that requires Grundartangi to maintain a minimum equity ratio. At the time of filing this quarterly report, there are no outstanding borrowings under this Casthouse Facility.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which are subject to the "safe harbor" created by section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), as amended. Forward-looking statements are statements about future events and are based on our current expectations. These forward-looking statements may be identified by the words “believe,” “expect,” “hope,” “target,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “estimate,” “potential,” “project,” “scheduled,” “forecast” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” or “may.”

Forward-looking statements in this quarterly report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), for example, may include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:

•Our assessment of global and local financial and economic conditions;

•Our assessment of the aluminum market and aluminum prices (including premiums);

•Our assessment of alumina pricing, costs associated with our other key raw materials, including power, and supply and availability of key raw materials;

•The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and governmental guidance and regulations aimed at addressing the pandemic, including any possible impact on our business, operations, financial condition, results of operation, global supply chains or workforce;

•The future financial and operating performance of the Company and its subsidiaries;

•Our ability to successfully manage market risk and to control or reduce costs;

•Our plans and expectations with respect to future operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, including any plans and expectations to curtail or restart production, including the expected impact of any such actions on our future financial and operating performance;

•Our plans and expectations with regards to future operations of our Mt. Holly smelter, including our expectations as to the restart of curtailed production at Mt. Holly, including the timing, costs and benefits associated with this restart project;

•Our plans with regards to future operations of our Hawesville smelter, including our expectations as to the restart of curtailed production at Hawesville and bringing the smelter back to full production and expectations as to the timing, costs and benefits associated with this restart project;

•Our plans and expectations with regards to the Grundartangi casthouse project, including our expectations as to the start of production at the Grundartangi casthouse and the timing, costs and benefits associated with the Grundartangi casthouse project;

•Our ability to successfully obtain competitive power arrangements for our operations;

•The impact of Section 232 relief, including tariffs or other trade remedies, the extent to which any such remedies may be changed, including through exclusions or exemptions, and the duration of any trade remedy;

•The impact of any new or changed law, regulation, including, without limitation, sanctions or other similar remedies or restrictions;

•Our anticipated tax liabilities, benefits or refunds including the realization of U.S. and certain foreign deferred tax assets and liabilities;

•Our ability to access existing or future financing arrangements and the terms of any such future financing arrangements;

•Our ability to repay or refinance debt in the future;

•Our ability to recover losses from our insurance;

•Our assessment and estimates of our pension and other postretirement liabilities, legal and environmental liabilities and other contingent liabilities;

•Our assessment of any future tax audits or insurance claims and their respective outcomes;

•Negotiations with labor unions or future representation by a union of our employees;

•Our assessment of any information technology-related risks, including the risk from cyberattack or data security breaches; and

•Our future business objectives, plans, strategies and initiatives, including our competitive position and prospects.

Where we express an expectation or belief as to future events or results, such expectation or belief is expressed in good faith and believed to have a reasonable basis. However, our forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed, projected or implied by those forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results and events to differ from those described in such forward-looking statements can be found in the risk factors and forward-looking statements cautionary language contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and in other

filings made with the SEC. Although we have attempted to identify those material factors that could cause actual results or events to differ from those described in such forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that could cause actual results or events to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended. Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. Given these uncertainties, the reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) provides information that management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Century Aluminum Company and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto. This MD&A contains “forward-looking statements” - see “Forward-Looking Statements” above.

Overview

We are a global producer of primary aluminum with aluminum reduction facilities, or "smelters," in the United States and Iceland. The key determinants of our results of operations and cash flow from operations are as follows:

•the price of primary aluminum, which is based on the London Metal Exchange ("LME") and other exchanges, plus any regional premiums and value-added product premiums;

•the cost of goods sold, the principal components of which are electrical power, alumina, carbon products and labor, which in aggregate represent more than 75% of our cost of goods sold; and

•our production volume.

Pricing of aluminum

The overall price of primary aluminum consists of three components: (i) the base commodity price, which is based on quoted prices on the LME and other exchanges; plus (ii) any regional premium (e.g., the Midwest premium for metal sold in the United States ("MWP") and the European Duty Paid premium for metal sold into Europe); plus (iii) any product premium. Each of these price components has its own drivers and variability.

The aluminum price is influenced by a number of factors, including global supply-demand balance, inventory levels, speculative activities by market participants, production activities by competitors and political and economic conditions, as well as production costs in major production regions. These factors can be highly speculative and difficult to predict which can lead to significant volatility in the aluminum price. Increases or decreases in primary aluminum prices result in increases and decreases in our revenues (assuming all other factors are unchanged). From time to time, we may seek to manage our exposure to fluctuations in the LME price of primary aluminum and/or associated regional premiums through financial instruments designed to protect our downside price risk exposure. Information regarding financial contracts is included in Note 13. Derivatives and risks affiliated with such financial contracts are disclosed specifically in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.

We have seen increases in the pricing of aluminum throughout 2021. The average LME price for primary aluminum was $2,004 per tonne for January 2021, increasing to an average LME price for primary aluminum of $2,439 in June 2021 and then to $2,840 per tonne in September 2021. The average MWP price was $330 per tonne in January 2021, increasing to $608 in June 2021 and then to $765 in September 2021. The average European Duty Paid premium was $152 per tonne in January 2021, increasing to $251 in June 2021 and then to $383 in September 2021.

Results of Operations

The following discussion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 reflects no change in production capacities at our operating facilities.

Our net sales are impacted primarily by the LME price for aluminum, regional and value-added premiums, and the volume and product mix of aluminum we ship during the period. In general, our results reflect the LME and regional premium pricing on an approximately one to three month lag basis reflecting contractual terms with our customers.

Electrical power, alumina, carbon products and labor are the principal components of our cost of goods sold. In general, our results reflect the market cost of alumina on an approximately three-month lag reflecting the terms of our alumina contracts and inventory levels.


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020			2021		2020
	(in millions, except per share data)
NET SALES:
Related parties	$	350.6	$	235.8		$	925.3	$	792.4
Other customers	230.8		157.1			628.1		423.6
Total net sales	581.4		392.9			1,553.4		1,216.0
Gross profit (loss)	54.6		(27.1)			54.8		(35.3)
Net income (loss)	(52.4)		(58.2)			(227.5)		(87.8)
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE:
Basic and Diluted	$	(0.58)	$	(0.65)		$	(2.52)	$	(0.98)


SHIPMENTS - PRIMARY ALUMINUM(1)

	United States			Iceland			Total
	Tonnes	Net Sales (in millions)		Tonnes	Net Sales (in millions)		Tonnes	Net Sales (in millions)
2021

3rd Quarter	117,951	$	366.6	78,144	$	207.6	196,095	$	574.2
2nd Quarter	112,792	314.0		78,102	180.1		190,894	494.1
1st Quarter	116,437	275.6		79,260	164.2		195,697	439.8

Total	347,180	$	956.2	235,506	$	551.9	582,686	$	1,508.1

2020

3rd Quarter	118,835	$	221.8	84,187	$	138.4	203,022	$	360.2
2nd Quarter	130,645	246.6		79,664	145.9		210,309	392.5
1st Quarter	129,114	273.8		73,791	141.0		202,905	414.8
Total	378,594	$	742.2	237,642	$	425.3	616,236	$	1,167.5

(1) Excludes scrap aluminum and alumina sales.


Net sales (in millions)	2021		2020
Three months ended September 30,	$	581.4	$	392.9
Nine months ended September 30,	$	1,553.4	$	1,216.0

Net sales (excluding alumina sales) increased by $215.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by favorable LME and regional premium price realizations of $222.1 million, offset by unfavorable volume of $6.4 million.

Net sales (excluding alumina sales) increased by $339.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by favorable LME and regional premium price realizations of $336.9 million.


Gross profit (loss) (in millions)	2021		2020
Three months ended September 30,	$	54.6	$	(27.1)
Nine months ended September 30,	$	54.8	$	(35.3)

Gross profit increased by $81.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by favorable LME and regional premium price realizations of $222.1 million partially offset by unfavorable power price realizations of $64.6 million, unfavorable alumina price realizations of $25.4 million, unfavorable volume impacts of $6.6 million and increased operating costs.

Gross profit increased by $90.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by favorable LME and regional premium price realizations of $336.9 million as well as favorable sales mix of $28.8 million, partially offset by unfavorable power price realizations of $146.3 million, unfavorable alumina price realizations of $51.5 million, and increased operating costs.


Selling, general and administrative expenses (in millions)	2021		2020
Three months ended September 30,	$	14.2	$	11.0
Nine months ended September 30,	$	39.0	$	31.7

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $3.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by an increase in share-based compensation costs due to fluctuations of the stock price period over period and other compensation costs.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $7.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by an increase in share-based compensation costs.


Net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts (in millions)	2021		2020
Three months ended September 30,	$	(76.7)	$	(9.4)
Nine months ended September 30,	$	(239.2)	$	(1.9)

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, net loss on forward and derivative contracts increased by $67.3 million compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to increases in LME and MWP prices from June 30, 2021 to September 30, 2021, and partially offset by gains in respect of derivative contracts due to Nord Pool power price increases.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net loss on forward and derivative contracts increased by $237.3 million compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to increases in LME and MWP prices in the first nine months of 2021, and partially offset by gains in respect of derivative contracts due to Nord Pool power price increases. See Note 13. Derivatives to the consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information.


Income tax benefit (expense) (in millions)	2021		2020
Three months ended September 30,	$	(6.8)	$	(0.3)
Nine months ended September 30,	$	43.8	$	1.6

We have a valuation allowance against all of our U.S. and certain foreign deferred tax assets. The period to period change is primarily due to a discrete tax benefit of $49.8 million in the second quarter tax provision related to the recognition of certain foreign deferred tax assets. The deferred tax asset represents the future tax benefit we expect to realize for deductible costs related to our historical investment in Nordural Helguvik ehf (“Helguvik”). During the period, it became apparent this deferred tax asset would be realized in the foreseeable future. As this deferred tax asset is expected to be realized prior to expiration, we have not recorded a valuation allowance. See Note 7. Income Taxes to the consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Our principal sources of liquidity are available cash and cash flow from operations. We also have access to our existing revolving credit facilities and have raised capital in the past through public equity and debt markets. We regularly explore various other financing alternatives. Our principal uses of cash include the funding of operating costs (including post-retirement benefits), debt service requirements, capital expenditures, investments in our growth activities and in related businesses, working capital and other general corporate requirements.

We believe that cash provided from operations and financing activities will be adequate to cover our operations and business needs over the next twelve months. As of September 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $57.6 million and unused availability under our revolving credit facilities of $69.2 million, resulting in a total liquidity position of approximately $126.8 million.

On April 14, 2021, we issued $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our senior secured notes that will mature in 2028 (the "2028 Notes") and used a portion of the proceeds to purchase $195.9 million of our 12.0% senior secured notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes") pursuant to a cash tender offer for the 2025 Notes. On April 9, 2021, we issued $86.3 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2028 (the "Convertible Notes"). The remaining proceeds from the issuance of the 2028 Notes and a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes were used to redeem the remaining 2025 Notes on May 14, 2021. The remaining proceeds from the Convertible Notes offering were used to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facilities and to pay for the cost of the capped call transactions in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes. With these transactions, we have effectively extended the maturities of our principal debt obligations, reduced the interest rate on these obligations, and raised additional liquidity through the issuance of the Convertible Notes.

Available Cash

Our available cash and cash equivalents balance at September 30, 2021, was $57.6 million compared to $81.6 million at December 31, 2020.

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our statements of cash flows are summarized below:


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020
	(in millions)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(12.1)	$	33.3
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(45.7)		(11.4)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	42.4		23.5
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(15.4)	$	45.4

The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily driven by an increase in net loss and changes in working capital. The changes in working capital are primarily attributable to timing of receivable collections and timing of raw material receipts.

The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to higher spending on capital projects during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, driven by capital investments in the Mt. Holly restart project.

The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to increased borrowings on the revolving credit facilities and issuance of the Convertible Notes.

Availability Under Our Credit Facilities

The U.S. revolving credit facility, dated May 2018, as amended, provides for borrowings of up to $175.0 million in the aggregate including up to $110.0 million under a letter of credit sub-facility, and also includes an uncommitted accordion feature whereby borrowers may increase the capacity of the U.S. revolving credit facility by up to $50.0 million, subject to agreement with the lenders. The U.S. revolving credit facility matures in May 2023. Any letters of credit issued and outstanding under the U.S. revolving credit facility reduce our borrowing availability on a dollar-for-dollar basis.

We have also entered into, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Nordural Grundartangi ehf ("Grundartangi"), a $50.0 million revolving credit facility, dated November 2013, as amended (the "Iceland revolving credit facility"). The Iceland revolving credit facility matures in November 2024.

The availability of funds under our credit facilities is limited by a specified borrowing base consisting of certain accounts receivable, inventory and qualified cash deposits which meet the lenders' eligibility criteria. Increases in the price of aluminum and/or restarts of previously curtailed operations, for example, increase our borrowing base by increasing our accounts receivable and inventory balances; decreases in the price of aluminum and/or curtailments of production capacity would decrease our borrowing base by reducing our accounts receivable and inventory balances. As of September 30, 2021, our U.S. revolving credit facility had a borrowing base of $175.0 million, $17.3 million in borrowings and $108.5 million in letters of credit outstanding. Of the outstanding letters of credit, $12.1 million are related to our power commitments, $78.3 million are related to hedging collateral, and the remainder are primarily for the purpose of securing certain debt and workers’ compensation commitments. As of September 30, 2021, our Iceland revolving credit facility had a borrowing base of $50.0 million and $30.0 million in outstanding borrowings.

As of September 30, 2021, our credit facilities had $69.2 million of net availability after consideration of our outstanding borrowings and letters of credit. We may borrow and make repayments under our credit facilities in the ordinary course based on a number of factors, including the timing of payments from our customers and payments to our suppliers.

Our credit facilities contain customary covenants, including restrictions on mergers and acquisitions, indebtedness, affiliate transactions, liens, dividends and distributions, dispositions of collateral, investments and prepayments of indebtedness, including in the U.S. revolving credit facility, a springing financial covenant that requires us to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.0 to 1.0 as of any date of determination availability under the U.S. revolving credit facility is less than or equal to $17.5 million, or 10% of the borrowing base but not less than $12.5 million. We intend to maintain availability to comply with these levels any time we would not meet the ratio, which could limit our ability to access the full amount of our availability under our U.S revolving credit facility. Our Iceland revolving credit facility contains a covenant that requires Grundartangi to maintain a minimum equity ratio. As of September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all such covenants or maintained availability above such covenant triggers.

Senior Notes and Convertible Senior Notes

On April 14, 2021, we issued $250.0 million principal of senior secured notes that will mature on April 1, 2028, unless earlier refinanced in accordance with their terms. Interest on the 2028 Notes is payable semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2021, at a rate of 7.5% per year. The indenture governing the 2028 Notes contains customary covenants which may limit our ability, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries, to: (i) incur additional debt; (ii) incur additional liens; (iii) pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock; (iv) purchase or redeem capital stock; (v) make investments or certain other restricted payments; (vi) sell assets; (vii) issue or sell stock of certain subsidiaries; (viii) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (ix) effect a consolidation or merger.

On April 9, 2021, we issued $86.3 million in aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes, unless earlier converted, repurchased or redeemed. The principal included the full exercise of the option by the initial purchasers of the Convertible Notes to purchase $11.3 million of additional principal amount. The Convertible m Notes bear interest semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on November 1, 2021, at a rate of 2.75% per annum in cash.

We applied the net proceeds from the offering of the 2028 Notes and a portion of the net proceeds from the Convertible Notes described above toward payment of the total consideration amount to holders whose 2025 Notes were accepted and purchased in the tender offer and to fund the redemption of any remaining 2025 Notes.

Hawesville Term Loan

On April 29, 2019, we entered into a term loan agreement with Glencore Ltd. pursuant to which the Company borrowed $40.0 million (the "Hawesville Term Loan”). Borrowings under the Hawesville Term Loan were used to partially finance the second phase of the Hawesville restart project. The Hawesville Term Loan matures on December 31, 2021, and is being repaid in 24 equal monthly installments of principal that began on January 31, 2020. The Hawesville Term Loan bears interest, due monthly, at a floating rate equal to LIBOR plus 5.375% per annum. The Hawesville Term Loan is not secured by any collateral. As of September 30, 2021, the outstanding balance of the Hawesville Term Loan was $5.0 million.

Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information

The Company has filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the "Universal Shelf Registration Statement") with the SEC pursuant to which the Company may, from time to time, offer an indeterminate amount of securities, which may include securities that are guaranteed by certain of the Company's subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2021, we have not issued any debt securities pursuant to the Universal Shelf Registration Statement. However, the securities that we may issue in the future may limit our ability, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries, to pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock.

"Guarantor Subsidiaries" refers to all of our material domestic subsidiaries except for Nordural US LLC, Century Aluminum Development LLC and Century Aluminum of West Virginia, Inc. The Guarantor Subsidiaries are 100% owned by Century. All guarantees will be full and unconditional; all guarantees will be joint and several. Our foreign subsidiaries, together with Nordural US LLC, Century Aluminum Development LLC and Century Aluminum of West Virginia, Inc., are collectively referred to as the "Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries". We allocate corporate expenses or income to our subsidiaries and charge interest on certain intercompany balances.

The following summarized financial information of both the Company and the Guarantor Subsidiaries ("Guarantors") is presented on a combined basis. Intercompany balances and transactions between the Company and the Guarantors have been eliminated and the summarized financial information does not reflect investments of the Company or the Guarantors in the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries ("Non-Guarantors"). The Company’s or Guarantors’ amounts due from, amounts due to, and transactions with the Non-Guarantors are disclosed below:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Current assets	$	334.6	$	252.4
Non-current assets	944.6		972.3
Current liabilities	360.6		169.2
Non-current liabilities	619.4		483.7


	Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales	$	997.9
Gross profit (loss)	23.2
Income (loss) before income taxes	(273.0)
Net income (loss)	(227.2)

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, an intercompany receivable due to the Company and Guarantors from the Non-Guarantors totaled $16.9 million and $14.6 million, respectively, and an intercompany non-current loan due to the Company from the Non-Guarantors totaled $540.2 million and $554.9 million, respectively.

Contingent Commitments

We have a contingent obligation in connection with the "unwind" of a contractual arrangement between Century Aluminum of Kentucky ("CAKY"), Big Rivers Electric Corporation and a third party and the execution of a long-term cost-based power contract with Kenergy, a member of a cooperative of Big Rivers in July 2009. This contingent obligation consists of the aggregate payments made to Big Rivers by the third party on CAKY’s behalf in excess of the agreed upon base amount under the long-term cost-based power contract with Kenergy. As of September 30, 2021, the principal and accrued interest for the contingent obligation was $27.7 million, which was fully offset by a derivative asset. We may be required to make installment payments for the contingent obligation in the future. These payments are contingent based on the LME price of primary aluminum and the level of Hawesville’s operations. Based on the LME forward market at September 30, 2021 and current level of Hawesville's operations, we do not believe it is likely that we will be required to make payments on the contingent obligation during the term of the agreement, which expires in 2028. There can be no assurance that circumstances will not change thus accelerating the timing of such payments.

Employee Benefit Plan Contributions

In 2013, we entered into a settlement agreement with the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (the "PBGC") regarding an alleged "cessation of operations" at our Ravenswood facility (the "PBGC Settlement Agreement"). Pursuant to the terms of the PBGC Settlement Agreement, we agreed to make additional contributions (above any minimum required contributions) to our defined benefit pension plans totaling approximately $17.4 million. Under certain circumstances, in periods of lower primary aluminum prices relative to our cost of operations, we were able to defer one or more of these payments, provided that we provide the PBGC with acceptable security for such deferred payments. We did not make any contributions for the three or nine month periods ended September 30, 2021, and 2020. We historically elected to defer certain payments under the PBGC Settlement Agreement and provided the PBGC with the appropriate security. On October 1, 2021, we amended the PBGC Settlement Agreement such that we removed the deferral mechanism and agreed to contribute approximately $2.4 million per year to our defined benefit pension plans for a total of approximately $9.6 million, over the next four years beginning on November 30, 2022 and ending on November 30, 2025, subject to acceleration if certain terms and conditions are met in such amendment.

Section 232 Aluminum Tariff

On March 23, 2018, the U.S. implemented a 10% tariff on imported primary aluminum products into the U.S. These tariffs are intended to protect U.S. national security by incentivizing the restart of primary aluminum production in the U.S., reducing reliance on imports and ensuring that domestic producers, like Century, can supply all the aluminum necessary for critical industries and national defense. In addition to primary aluminum products, the tariffs also cover certain other semi-finished products. All imports that directly compete with our products are covered by the tariff, with the exception of imports from Australia, Argentina, Canada and Mexico and imports from the European Union up to a quota limit of 18,000 metric tonnes or imports that receive a product exclusion from the Department of Commerce.

Other Items

In March 2018, we announced our intention to return our Hawesville smelter, which since 2015 had been operating at approximately 40% capacity, to full production and upgrade its existing reduction technology. The first phase of the project, which involved the restart of the three potlines and approximately 150,000 tonnes of production capacity that had been curtailed in 2015, was successfully completed on budget and ahead of schedule in early 2019. The second phase of the project involves the rebuilding of the pots from the two potlines that had continued to operate past their expected life cycle and the implementation of certain new technology across all production. These two potlines were taken out of production in February and September 2019, respectively, and the rebuild of the first of these potlines was completed in the second quarter of 2020 with total project costs to date of approximately $108.3 million. Our Hawesville facility experienced several equipment issues in late December 2020 that partially reduced the plant’s production level; however, the process of returning to our planned operating level of 80% of capacity began in the second quarter of 2021 and continues to progress. The rebuild of the fifth and final potline and the completion of the technology upgrades is expected to be completed over the next several years subject to market conditions.

Our power contract with Santee Cooper for the Mt. Holly smelter began on April 1, 2021 and runs through December 2023. It is expected to provide sufficient energy to allow the Mt. Holly smelter to increase its production by 50% (resulting in total production of 75% of Mt. Holly’s full capacity once the restart project is completed) at cost of service based rates. Restart work at the Mt. Holly smelter is progressing on schedule and is expected to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2021.

In 2011, our Board of Directors approved a $60.0 million common stock repurchase program and subsequently increased this program by $70.0 million in the first quarter of 2015. Under the program, Century is authorized to repurchase up to $130.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock, from time to time, on the open market at prevailing market prices, in block trades or otherwise. The timing and amount of any shares repurchased will be determined by our management based on its evaluation of market conditions, the trading price of our common stock and other factors. We made no repurchases during the years ended 2018, 2019, and 2020. As of September 30, 2021, we had $43.7 million remaining under the repurchase program authorization. The repurchase program may be expanded, suspended or discontinued by our Board, in its sole discretion, at any time.

In November 2009, Century Aluminum of West Virginia, Inc. ("CAWV") filed a class action complaint for declaratory judgment against the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union ("USW"), the USW’s local and certain CAWV retirees, individually and as class representatives ("CAWV Retirees"), seeking a declaration of CAWV’s rights to modify/terminate retiree medical benefits. Later in November 2009, the USW and representatives of a retiree class filed a separate suit against CAWV, Century Aluminum Company, Century Aluminum Master Welfare Benefit Plan, and various John Does with respect to the foregoing. On August 18, 2017, the District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia approved a settlement agreement in respect of these actions, pursuant to which,

CAWV agreed to make payments into a trust for the benefit of the CAWV Retirees in the aggregate amount of $23.0 million over the course of ten years. Upon approval of the settlement, we paid $5.0 million to the aforementioned trust in September 2017 and agreed to pay the remaining amounts under the settlement agreement in annual increments of $2.0 million for nine years. At September 30, 2021, we had $2.0 million in other current liabilities and $6.0 million in other liabilities related to this agreement.

We are a defendant in several actions relating to various aspects of our business. While it is impossible to predict the ultimate disposition of any litigation, we do not believe that any of these lawsuits, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. See Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information.

Capital Resources

We intend to finance our future capital expenditures from available cash, cash flow from operations and if necessary, borrowing under our existing revolving credit facilities. For major investment projects we would likely seek financing from various capital and loan markets and may potentially pursue the formation of strategic alliances. We may be unable, however, to issue additional debt or equity securities, or enter into other financing arrangements on attractive terms, or at all, due to a number of factors including a lack of demand, unfavorable pricing, poor economic conditions, unfavorable interest rates, or our financial condition or credit rating at the time. Future uncertainty in the U.S. and international markets and economies may adversely affect our liquidity, our ability to access the debt or capital markets and our financial condition.

Capital expenditures incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were $12.9 million, excluding expenditures of $38.9 million associated with the restart project at Mt. Holly. We estimate our total capital spending in 2021, excluding the Mt. Holly restart project, will be approximately $25.0 million related to our ongoing investment and sustainability projects at our plants.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Commodity Price and Raw Material Costs Sensitivities

Aluminum is an internationally traded commodity, and its price is effectively determined on the LME plus any regional premium (e.g. the Midwest premium for aluminum sold in the United States and the European Duty Paid premium for metal sold into Europe) and any product premiums. From time to time, we may manage our exposure to fluctuations in the LME price of primary aluminum and/or associated regional premiums through financial instruments designed to protect our downside price risk exposure. From time to time, we also enter into financial contracts to offset fixed price sales arrangements with certain of our customers (the "fixed for floating swaps").

We are also exposed to price risk for alumina which is one of the largest components of our cost of goods sold. Certain of the alumina we purchase is priced based on a published alumina index. As a result, our cost structure is exposed to market fluctuations and price volatility. Because we sell our products based principally on the LME price for primary aluminum, regional premiums and value-added product premiums, we are not able to directly pass on increased production costs to our customers. From time to time, we may manage our exposure to fluctuations in our alumina costs by purchasing certain of our alumina requirements under supply contracts with prices tied to the same indices as our aluminum sales contracts (the LME price of primary aluminum).

Market-Based Power Price Sensitivity

Market-Based Electrical Power Agreements

Hawesville and Sebree have market-based electrical power agreements pursuant to which EDF and Kenergy purchase electrical power on the open market and pass it through at MISO energy pricing, plus transmission and other costs incurred by them. See Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information about these market-based power agreements.

Power is supplied to Grundartangi from hydroelectric and geothermal sources under long-term power purchase agreements. These power purchase agreements, which will expire on various dates from 2026 through 2036 (subject to extension), currently primarily provide power at LME-based variable rates. At this time, the price of approximately 30% of Grundartangi's power requirements is linked to the market price for power in the Nord Pool power market.

From time to time, we may manage our exposure to fluctuations in the market price of power through financial instruments designed to protect our downside risk exposure.

Electrical Power Price Sensitivity

Power represents one of our largest operating costs, so changes in the price and/or availability of market power could significantly impact the profitability and viability of our operations. With our market-based power supply agreements, we increased electrical power price risk for our operations, whether due to fluctuations in the price of power available on the MISO and Nord Pool power markets or the price of natural gas. Transmission line outages, problems with grid stability or limitations on energy import capability could increase power prices, disrupt production through pot instability or force a curtailment of all or part of the production at these facilities. In addition, indirect factors that lead to power cost increases, such as any increasing prices for natural gas or coal, fluctuations in or extremes in weather patterns or new or more stringent environmental regulations may severely impact our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

The consumption shown in the table below reflects each operation at 100% capacity and does not reflect partial production curtailments.


	Hawesville		Sebree		Mt. Holly		Grundartangi		Total
Expected average load (in megawatts ("MW"))	482		385		400		537		1,804
Quarterly estimated electrical power usage (in megawatt hours ("MWh"))	1,055,580		843,150		876,000		1,176,030		3,950,760
Quarterly cost impact of an increase or decrease of $1 per MWh (in millions)	$	1.1	$	0.8	$	0.9	$	1.2	$	4.0
Annual expected electrical power usage (in MWh)	4,222,320		3,372,600		3,504,000		4,704,120		15,803,040
Annual cost impact of an increase or decrease of $1 per MWh (in millions)	$	4.2	$	3.4	$	3.5	$	4.7	$	15.8

Foreign Currency

We are exposed to foreign currency risk due to fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar as compared to the Icelandic krona ("ISK"), the Euro, the Chinese renminbi and other currencies. Grundartangi’s labor costs, part of its maintenance costs and other local services are denominated in ISK and a portion of its anode costs are denominated in Euros and Chinese renminbi. We also have deposits denominated in ISK in Icelandic banks and our estimated payments of Icelandic income taxes and any associated refunds are denominated in ISK. Further, Vlissingen's labor costs, maintenance costs and other local services are denominated in Euros and our existing Nord Pool power price swaps described above are settled in Euros. As a result, an increase or decrease in the value of those currencies relative to the U.S. dollar would affect Grundartangi’s and Vlissingen's operating margins.

We may manage our exposure by entering into foreign currency forward contracts or option contracts for forecasted transactions and projected cash flows for foreign currencies in future periods. We have entered into financial contracts to hedge the risk of fluctuations associated with the Euro under our power price swaps (the "FX swaps").

Natural Economic Hedges

Any analysis of our exposure to the commodity price of aluminum should consider the impact of natural hedges provided by certain contracts that contain pricing indexed to the LME price for primary aluminum. Certain of our alumina contracts and a substantial portion of Grundartangi’s electrical power requirements are indexed to the LME price for primary aluminum and provide a natural hedge for a portion of our production.

Risk Management

Any metals, power, natural gas and foreign currency risk management activities are subject to the control and direction of senior management within guidelines established by Century’s Board of Directors. These activities are regularly reported to Century’s Board of Directors.

Fair Values and Sensitivity Analysis

The following tables present the fair value of our derivative asset and liabilities as of September 30, 2021 and the effect on the fair value of a hypothetical ten percent (10%) adverse change in the market prices in effect at September 30, 2021. Our risk management activities do not include any trading or speculative transactions.


	Asset Fair Value		Fair Value with 10% Adverse Price Change
Commodity contracts (1)	$	42.1	$	18.7
Foreign exchange contracts (2)	—		—
Total	$	42.1	$	18.7


	Liability Fair Value		Fair Value with 10% Adverse Price Change
Commodity contracts (1)	$	201.8	$	245.1
Foreign exchange contracts (2)	1.7		6.5
Total	$	203.5	$	251.6

(2) Foreign exchange contracts reflect our outstanding FX swaps.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

a. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of September 30, 2021, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2021.

b. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are a party from time to time in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business, the outcomes of which, in the opinion of management, neither individually nor in the aggregate are likely to result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. For information regarding legal proceedings pending against us at September 30, 2021, refer to Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements included herein.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following is an update to the risk factors previously disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, and the subsequent quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021. Other than the following update, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under the heading "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 and the subsequent quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021. You should carefully consider the risk factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our other filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should be aware that these risk factors and other information may not describe every risk facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

The casthouse project at our Grundartangi smelter and related financing are subject to certain risks and uncertainties and we may be unable to realize the expected benefits of this project.

On November 3, 2021, Century announced plans for construction of a new billet casthouse at Grundartangi (the “Grundartangi casthouse project”). The new value-added casthouse will have a capacity of 150,000 tonnes of billet production and is expected to start production in the first quarter of 2024. Our ability to complete this Grundartangi casthouse project and the timing and costs of doing so are subject to various risks and certain market assumptions, many of which are beyond our control. Changes in our inputs, whether costs or availability, may result in actual costs and returns that materially differ from the estimated costs and returns and our financial position and results of operations may be negatively affected as a result. There can be no assurance that we will be able to complete the Grundartangi casthouse project within our projected budget and schedule. In addition to changes in market assumptions, other unforeseen difficulties could increase the cost of the project, delay the project or render the project not feasible. Any delay in the completion of the project, unexpected or increased costs or inability to fund the project could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

In connection with the Grundartangi casthouse project, Grundartangi entered into a Term Facility Agreement with Arion Bank hf to provide for borrowings up to $130 million (the “Casthouse Facility”). Our ability to make payments on and to refinance the Casthouse Facility will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our ability to pay interest on and to repay or refinance the Casthouse Facility will depend upon our access to additional sources of liquidity and future operating performance, which is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, business and other factors, including market prices for primary aluminum, that are beyond our control. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay debt service obligations under the Casthouse Facility. If we are unable to meet our debt service obligations under the Casthouse Facility, it may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 5. Other Information

Disclosure pursuant to Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act

Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 (“ITRA”), effective August 10, 2012, added a new subsection (r) to Section 13 of the Exchange Act, which requires issuers that file periodic reports with the SEC to disclose in their annual and quarterly reports whether, during the reporting period, they or any of their “affiliates” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) have knowingly engaged in specified activities or transactions relating to Iran, including activities not prohibited by U.S. law and conducted outside the U.S. by non- U.S. affiliates in compliance with applicable laws. Issuers must also file a notice with the SEC if any disclosable activity under ITRA has been included in an annual or quarterly report.

Because the SEC defines the term “affiliate” broadly, our largest stockholder may be considered an affiliate of the Company despite the fact that the Company has no control over its largest stockholder’s actions or the actions of its affiliates. As such, pursuant to Section 13(r)(1)(D)(iii) of the Exchange Act, the Company hereby discloses the following information provided by our largest stockholder regarding transactions or dealings with entities controlled by the Government of Iran (“the GOI”):

During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, non-U.S. affiliates of the largest stockholder of the Company (“the non-U.S. Stockholder Affiliates”) entered into sales contracts for agricultural products with, or for delivery to or from Iranian entities wholly or majority owned by the GOI. The non-U.S. Stockholder Affiliates performed their obligations under the contracts in compliance with applicable sanction laws and, where required, with the necessary prior approvals by the relevant governmental authorities.

The gross revenue of the non-U.S. Stockholder Affiliates related to the contracts did not exceed the value of USD $525 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

The non-U.S. Stockholder Affiliates do not allocate net profit on a country-by-country or activity-by-activity basis, but estimate that the net profit attributable to the contracts would not exceed a small fraction of the gross revenue from such contracts. It is not possible to determine accurately the precise net profit attributable to such contracts.

The contracts disclosed above do not violate applicable sanctions laws administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control, and are not the subject of any enforcement action under Iran sanction laws.

The non-U.S. Stockholder Affiliates expect to continue to engage in similar activities in the future in compliance with applicable economic sanctions and in conformity with U.S. secondary sanctions.

The Company and its global subsidiaries had no transactions or activities requiring disclosure under ITRA, nor were we involved in the transactions described in this section. As of the date of this report, the Company is not aware of any other activity, transaction or dealing by it or any of its affiliates during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that requires disclosure in this report under Section 13(r) of the Exchange Act.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number

Description of Exhibit

Incorporated by Reference

Filed Herewith

Form

File No.

Filing Date

10.1

Amendment to Revolving Credit Facility, dated S epte mber 20, 2021 , between Nordural Grundartangi ehf, as borrower, and Landsbankinn hf

10.2

Term Facility Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2021, between Nordural Grundartangi ehf and Arion Bank hf.

8-K

001-34474

November 3, 2021

31.1

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer

31.2

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer

32.1

Section 1350 Certification (pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906) by Chief Executive Officer

32.2

Section 1350 Certification (pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906) by Chief Financial Officer

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Century Aluminum Company

Date:

November 5, 2021

By:

/s/ CRAIG CONTI

Craig Conti

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Date:

November 5, 2021

By:

/s/ ROBERT HOFFMAN

Robert Hoffman

Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)