CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC. - Annual Report: 2015 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2015

or

For the transition period from                 to

Commission file number 0-17263

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as defined in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(201) 808-8400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨     No þ

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨     No þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes þ     No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ¨     No þ

The approximate aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of October 31, 2014 was $30 million based on the closing price of the Registrant’s Common Shares as quoted on the OTCBB as of that date.

The number of Common Shares of the Registrant outstanding as of July 15, 2015 was 104,425,102.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are incorporated by reference into Part II and Part III of this Form 10-K.

INDEX TO FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED APRIL 30, 2014

As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “Champions Oncology, Inc.,” “Champions,” the “Company,” “we,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Champions Oncology, Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where the context otherwise requires or as otherwise indicated.

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that inherently involve risk and uncertainties.  Forward-looking statements may be identified by the words “project,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “will,” “may,” “likely” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report include statements about our business strategies and products development activities, including the anticipated benefits and risks associated with those strategies as well as statements about the sufficiency of our capital resources.  One should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.  We cannot guarantee that we will achieve the plans, intentions or expectations expressed or implied in our forward-looking statement.  There are a number of important factors that could cause actual results, levels of activity, performance or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements we make.  These important factors are described under “Risk Factors” set forth below.  In addition, any forward-looking statements we make in this document speak only as of the date of this document, and we do not intend to update any such forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after that date, except as required by law.  As a result of these and other factors, our stock price may fluctuate dramatically.

PART I

Item 1. Business

Overview

Champions Oncology, Inc. is engaged in the development and sale of advanced technology solutions and products to personalize the development and use of oncology drugs.  The Company’s TumorGraft Technology Platform is a novel approach to personalizing cancer care, based upon the implantation of human tumors in immune-deficient mice.  The Company uses this technology, in conjunction with related services, to offer solutions for two customer groups:

TumorGraft Technology Platform

Our technology platform consists of processes, physical tumors, and information that we use to personalize the development and use of oncology drugs.  Our process technology, which we call “TumorGrafts,” involves the:

Our process is used for our POS business to test numerous drugs or drug combinations against a single patient’s tumor in the mice to determine which therapy results in the most efficacious response from the tumor.

Our technology platform also includes a bank of  tumors that we have acquired, collected, processed, validated, and stored for use in our TOS business, which we call our “TumorBank”.  We implant these tumors in mice to provide pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies the opportunity to test oncology compounds on multiple tumors to test efficacy and simulate the results of human clinical trials.

We are also developing an extensive database of information about the tumors in our TumorBank.  We expect that this database will include certain information about the patient (e.g. age, gender), the response of the tumors to different oncology drugs or drug combinations, mutational status of key oncogenes, and other genetic and epigenetic data about each tumor.  Our intention is to use this database to provide our pharmaceutical and biotechnology customers with information that may assist them with their drug development process.

Our Strategy

Our strategy is to use TumorGrafts as a platform technology to drive multiple synergistic revenue streams. We continue to build this platform with investments in research and development. Our goal is to populate our TumorBank and its related database with tumors and information we receive from our POS business, research collaborations and validation studies. The tumors and information in the TumorBank are then available for TOS studies. We believe that the result is well-differentiated products for patients, physicians, and drug development companies. In addition, we are looking for additional opportunities to utilize the data we are gathering about the tumors to develop proprietary biomarkers and signatures of response that can predict the resistance or sensitivity of individual patients to oncology drugs.

Personalized Oncology Solutions Business

Our POS business offers physicians and patients information to help guide the development of personalized treatment plans.  Our core products, TumorGraft implants and drug panels, previously known as studies, utilize TumorGraft technology to empirically test the response of a patient’s tumor to multiple oncology drugs or drug combinations.  The response of the tumors in the mice is tracked over time and analyzed to determine which drug or drug combination is providing the highest level of tumor growth inhibition in the mice.  Our data, which is currently limited in nature, indicates that there may be a correlation between the response to drugs of a tumor in a mouse with the response to drugs of a tumor in a patient.

In addition to our core TumorGraft POS products, we  offer non-core related POS products to our customers, including personalized tumor boards, previously known as tumor panels, and gene sequencing.  Personalized tumor boards are designed to provide access to oncologists with expertise in particular tumor types.   We also provide access to gene sequencing that analyzes the genetic makeup of patient’s tumor for the purpose of identifying potentially useful drugs. We will continue to offer related personal oncology products to our customers; however, we expect future POS revenues to be driven by our core products.

We rely on the internet, word of mouth, and a small sales force to market these services to patients and physicians.

For the year ended April 30, 2015, our revenues from POS totaled $1.7 million, a decrease of 26.5% from the previous year.

Translational Oncology Solutions Business

Our TOS business utilizes our technology platform to assist pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies with their drug development process.  We provide studies, or license tumors for use in studies, that we believe may predict the efficacy of experimental oncology drugs or approved drugs as stand-alone therapies or in combination with other drugs and can stimulate the results of human clinical trials.  These studies include in vivo studies that rely on implanting multiple tumors from our TumorBank in mice and testing the therapy of interest on these tumors.  Studies may also include bioinformatics analyses that reveal the differences in the genetic signatures of the tumors that responded to a therapy as compared to the tumors that did not respond.  Our studies can be used to determine which types of cancer, if any, may be inhibited by a drug.  The studies can also be used to identify specific sub-populations, often characterized by particular genetic mutations that are differentially sensitive or resistant to a drug or drug combination.  These studies, used in pre-clinical testing or during phase I or II of a clinical trial, can help guide the clinical development path of new compounds or find new indications or combinations for compounds that are already approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, or FDA. We believe that the results may lead to lower costs and shorter timeframes for drug development.

Our sales and marketing efforts are dependent on a dedicated sales force that sells directly to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies.

For the year ended April 30, 2015, our revenues from TOS products totaled $7.2 million, a decrease of 22.5% from the previous year.

Recent Developments

On December 1, 2014, the Company entered into note purchase agreements with and issued convertible promissory notes in the principal amount of $1 million each to Joel Ackerman, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Ronnie Morris, the Company’s President, to finance the operations of the Company. The transaction was approved by the Company’s audit committee.

The notes bore interest at 12% per annum and had an initial term of 90 days. The notes, including any accrued but unpaid interest, were convertible at the option of each noteholder: (a) upon the closing of any equity financing that occurred during the term of the notes, into the securities offered in the financing to other investors at a 5% discount to the price per share paid by other investors in the financing; and (b) upon the maturity date of the notes, into the Company’s common stock at the volume weighted average closing price of the common stock for the five trading days prior to such conversion.

On February 28, 2015, the Company entered into amendments to the convertible promissory notes issued on December 1, 2014. The amendments extended the maturity dates of the convertible promissory notes to April 1, 2015. The amendments were approved by the Company’s audit committee.

On March 11, 2015, the convertible promissory notes and all accrued interest were converted into equity as part of the 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement.

On March 11, 2015, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "2015 Securities Purchase Agreement") with Battery Ventures IX, L.P. and Battery Investment Partners IX, LLC (collectively, "Battery"), New Enterprise Associates 14, Limited Partnership ("NEA"), Joel Ackerman, Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company ("Ackerman"), Dr. Ronnie Morris, President and a director of the Company ("Morris"), Daniel Mendelson, a director of the Company ("Mendelson") and certain other investors (collectively with Battery, NEA, Ackerman, Morris and Mendelson, the "Investors"), for the sale to the Investors of 35,271,053 units, each unit consisting of one share of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Common Stock") and a warrant to buy 0.55 shares of Common Stock at $0.48 per share (the "Warrants"), at a purchase price of $0.40 per unit, for an aggregate of $14,000,000. The Warrants expire five years after the closing date. Ackerman and Morris converted convertible promissory notes dated December 1, 2014 in the principal amounts of $1 million each, plus accrued interest, into the units at a 5% discount, pursuant to the terms of the convertible promissory notes.

The Investors have the right to require the Company to repurchase the purchased shares (the "Put Option") for cash for $0.40 per share upon a change of control or sale or exclusive license of substantially all of the Company's assets only if approved by the Company's board of directors. The Put Option will terminate upon the achievement of certain financial and other milestones.

The Investors have certain participation rights with respect to future financings of the Company. The Company covenanted to register the resale of the shares of Common Stock to be issued to the Investors and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants pursuant to a 2015 Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, to pay certain liquidated damages if the Company fails to file such registration statement by a certain deadline, and to have it declared effective by a certain deadline or keep it effective for a certain period of time.

The issuance of the shares of Common Stock resulted in the Company issuing an additional 2,264,450 shares of Common Stock to investors who purchased shares of Common Stock pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of March 24, 2011 (the "2011 Securities Purchase Agreement") due to contractual antidilution provisions in the 2011 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company also amended and restated the 2011 Securities Purchase Agreement to eliminate these antidilution provisions going forward, and conform aspects of the put option in that 2011 Securities Purchase Agreement to terms of the Put Option in the 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company also issued an additional 1,583,335 warrants to its investors under the 2011 Warrant Agreements under the Securities Purchase Agreement and had its investors agree on certain amendments of the warrants to eliminate the antidilution rights for future transactions, by extending the term of the warrants  by one year, and revising the exercise price to $0.40 (See Note 7 for further discussion).

The Company and its investors have  amended and restated its Securities Purchase Agreement dated January 28, 2013 (the "2013 Securities Purchase Agreement") to conform aspects of the put option in the 2013 Securities Purchase Agreement to the Put Option in the 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company issued an additional 1,209,001 warrants to investors under the 2013 Warrant Agreements under the Securities Purchase Agreement and had its investors agree on certain amendments of these warrants issued in connection with the 2013 Securities Purchase Agreement to eliminate the antidilution rights for future transactions, by extending the term of the warrant  by one year, revising the exercise price to $0.40 (See Note 7 for further discussion).

On March 16, 2015, the Company and certain members of its senior management team agreed to exchange existing options to purchase shares of the Company's common stock with new options. The new options have the same values as the existing options in that they are exercisable for fewer shares but at a lower exercise price, and have the same vesting schedules and the same termination expiration dates as the existing options. The Company used the Black Scholes valuation method to determine if the modification created additional stock option expense. Due to the modification the Company had an additional stock option modification expense for the current period of $213,951 and future additional stock option modification expense of $386,578. All additional expense will be recorded as stock option expense and be included within Note 6. The members of the senior management team whose options were exchanged include Joel Ackerman, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and a member of its Board of Directors, Ronnie Morris, the Company's President and a member of its Board of Directors, James McGorry, the Company's Executive Vice President and General Manager, Translational Oncology Solutions and David Miller, the Company's Vice President, Finance. As a result of the option exchange, an aggregate of 19,872,875 existing options with exercise prices ranging from $0.47 to $1.33 per share were exchanged for an aggregate of 17,617,929 new options with exercise prices of $0.41 per share.

Also on March 16, 2015, the Company and each of Mr. Ackerman and Dr. Morris agreed to amend their employment agreements with the Company. Their current employment agreements provide that, for the year from November 1, 2014 to October 31, 2015, Mr. Ackerman and Dr. Morris's salaries would be paid half in cash and half in options to purchase shares of common stock. To conserve the Company's cash, Mr. Ackerman and Dr. Morris have agreed to accept all of their compensation in options, and none of it in cash for such year. Mr. Ackerman received 1,155,400 options and Dr. Morris received 1,084,298 options. These options were granted on March 16, 2015 and vest over a one year period starting from November 1, 2014 which is concurrent with their employment contract.

On April 24, 2015, the Company filed an amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, which increased the total number of shares of common stock the Company is authorized to issue to 200,000,000 from 125,000,000.

Competition

Our TumorGraft Technology Platform is proprietary and requires significant know-how to both initiate and operate, but is not patented.  It is, therefore, possible for competitors to develop other implantation procedures or to discover the same procedures utilized by the Company that could compete with the Company in its market.  Competition in our industry is intense and based significantly on scientific, technological, and market forces, which include the effectiveness of the technology and products and the ability to commercialize technological developments.  The Company faces significant competition from other healthcare companies in the United States and abroad.  The majority of these competitors are, and will be, substantially larger than the Company, and have substantially greater resources and operating histories.  There can be no assurance that developments by other companies will not render our products or technologies obsolete or non-competitive or that we will be able to keep pace with the technological or product developments of our competitors.  These companies, as well as academic institutions, governmental agencies, and private research organizations also compete with us in recruiting and retaining highly qualified scientific, technical and professional personnel and consultants.

Research and Development

For the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, we spent approximately $4.8 million and $2.3 million, respectively, to develop our TumorGraft Technology Platform. We continue to expand our TumorBank through the acquisition of tumor tissue and implanted models from the POS business. In addition, we expect to grow our tumor bank through research collaborations and relationships with hospitals and academic institutions. Our research and development efforts were focused on increasing our understanding of our TumorGraft models, their clinical predictability, improving growth and tumor take rates, and other biological and molecular characteristics of the models.

Government Regulation

The research, development, and marketing of our products, the performance of our POS testing services, and the operation of our facilities are generally subject to federal, state, local, or foreign legislation, including licensure of our laboratory located in Baltimore, Maryland by the States of Maryland and New York, and compliance with federal, state, local or foreign legislation applicable to the use of live animals in scientific testing, research and education.

The FDA has claimed regulatory authority over laboratory developed tests such as our POS products, but has generally not exercised it. The FDA has announced regulatory and guidance initiatives that could increase federal regulation of our business. We are subject to federal and international regulations with regard to shipment of hazardous materials, including the Department of Transportation and the International Air Transit Authority. These regulations require interstate, intrastate, and foreign shipments comply with applicable labeling, documentation, and training requirements.

Employees

As of April 30, 2015, we had 71 full-time equivalent employees “FTEs”, including 26 with doctoral or other advanced degrees.  Of our workforce, 51 FTEs are engaged in research and development and laboratory operations, 13 FTEs are engaged in sales and marketing, and 7 FTEs are engaged in finance and administration.  None of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by collective bargaining agreements.  We have never experienced a work stoppage and believe our relationship with our employees is good.

Company History

Our predecessor was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on June 4, 1985, as “International Group, Inc.”  In September 1985, we completed a public offering and shortly thereafter, acquired the world-wide rights to the Champions sports-theme restaurant concept and changed our name to “Champions Sports, Inc.”  In November 1997, we sold our Champions service mark and concept to Marriott International, Inc. and until 2005, were a consultant to Marriott International, Inc. and operated one Champions sports bar restaurant.  In January 2007, we changed our business direction to focus on biotechnology and subsequently changed our name to Champions Biotechnology, Inc.  In April 2011, we changed our name to Champions Oncology, Inc. to reflect the Company's new strategic focus on developing advanced technologies to personalize the development and use of oncology drugs.

Available Information

Our internet website address is www.championsoncology.com.  Information on our website is not part of this Annual Report. Through our website, we make available, free of charge, access to all reports filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, including our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K, our Proxy Statements on Schedules 14A and amendments to those reports, as filed with or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.  Copies of any materials we file with, or furnish to, the SEC can also be obtained free of charge through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov or at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, DC 20549.  You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the other information included in this report.  The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face.  Additional risks not presently known, or those we currently consider insignificant, may also impair our business operations in the future.

We historically incurred losses from operating activities, expect losses for the foreseeable future, require significant capital and may never achieve profitability.

For the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company had a net loss of approximately $13.1 million and $7.4 million, respectively.  As of April 30, 2015, the Company has an accumulated deficit of approximately $52 million.

The amount of these losses may vary significantly from year-to-year and quarter-to-quarter and will depend on, among other factors:

Currently, the Company derives revenue from POS products and TOS products, while pursuing efforts to further develop bioinformatics from its TumorBank and its TumorGraft Technology Platform.  In addition, we are building our sales and marketing operations to grow our TOS and POS products.  Accordingly, we expect to generate operating losses in the future until such time as we are able to generate significantly more revenue.

To become profitable, we will need to generate revenues to offset our operating costs, including our research and development and general and administrative expenses. We may not achieve or, if achieved, sustain our revenue or profit objectives. Our losses may increase in the future, and, ultimately, we may have to cease operations.

In order to grow revenues, we must invest capital to implement our sales and marketing efforts and to successfully develop our bioinformatics from our TumorBank and our TumorGraft Technology Platform. Because we do not have sufficient history of commercial efforts, our sales and marketing efforts may never generate significant increases in revenues or achieve profitability and it is likely that we will be required to raise additional capital to continue our operations as currently contemplated. If we must devote a substantial amount of time to raising capital, it will delay our ability to achieve our business goals within the time frames that we now expect, which could increase the amount of capital we need. In addition, the amount of time expended by our management on fundraising distracts them from concentrating on our business affairs. If we require additional capital and are not successful in raising the needed capital, we may have to cease operations.

We may not be able to maintain or increase our revenues due to our reduction in POS product prices, the length of time it takes to conduct TumorGrafts, the uncertainty of whether TumorGrafts will successfully implant and the limited information about the correlation between the response to drugs of a tumor in mice with the response to those drugs of the tumor in patients.

We may not be able to successfully maintain or increase our POS products on a profitable basis. Our gross margin for this service has fluctuated significantly, and was negative 21% for 2014 and negative 64% for 2015.

In addition, it can take more than six months from the time that a tumor is implanted until it has been expanded to a larger colony of mice and treated with the drugs, although we generally cease efforts after six months. As a result, potential POS customers who need information quickly for their treatment may not elect to use our TumorGraft products. Moreover, not all TumorGrafts result in successful tumor growths; if TumorGrafts are not successful, studies of drugs cannot be conducted, which makes the TumorGrafts of limited value to potential POS customers. Finally, our information about the correlation between the response to drugs of a tumor in mice to the response to those drugs of the tumor in a patient is based on a very limited amount of information, and so may not be accurate with respect to oncology patients in general. If we are unable to demonstrate a correlation between the TumorGraft drug study results and patients’ actual treatment results, customers may not be interested in our POS products, which could result in low growth or a decrease in revenues. In addition, the limited data regarding the clinical outcomes associated with the use of our POS products substantially restricts the promotional claims we may make about those products, limiting the effectiveness of our marketing efforts.

We may incur greater costs than anticipated, which could result in sustained losses.

We use reasonable efforts to assess and predict the expenses necessary to pursue our business strategies. However, implementing our business strategies may require more employees, capital equipment, supplies or other expenditure items than management has predicted. Similarly, the cost of compensating additional management, employees and consultants or other operating costs may be more than we estimate, which could result in ongoing and sustained losses.

We may not be able to implement our business strategies which could impair our ability to continue operations.

Implementation of our business strategies will depend in large part on our ability to (i) attract and maintain a significant number of customers; (ii) effectively provide acceptable services to our customers; (iii) develop and license new products and technologies; (iv)  maintain appropriate internal procedures, policies, and systems; (v) hire, train, and retain skilled employees and management; (vi) continue to operate despite increasing competition in our industry; and (vii) establish, develop and maintain our name recognition. Our inability to obtain or maintain any or all these factors could impair our ability to implement our business strategies successfully, which could have material adverse effects on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our business could be adversely impacted by changes in FDA’s regulatory oversight of laboratory-developed tests such as our POS services that are currently under consideration or by other changes in the regulatory requirements applicable to our POS services imposed by the FDA or regulatory authorities in other countries in which our services are provided.

The FDA has claimed regulatory authority over all laboratory-developed tests, or LDTs, such as our POS services, but has generally not exercised its regulatory authority for most LDTs performed by CLIA-certified laboratories such as our facilities. The FDA has announced several regulatory and guidance initiatives that may impact our business, including by increasing FDA’s regulation of LDTs.

On July 31, 2014 the FDA notified Congress of the FDA’s intent to issue a draft oversight framework for LDTs based on risk to patients rather than whether they were made by a conventional manufacturer or a single laboratory. This draft oversight framework includes pre-market review for higher-risk LDTs, like those used to guide treatment decisions, including the many companion diagnostics that have entered the market as LDTs. In addition, under the draft framework, the FDA would continue to exercise enforcement discretion for low-risk LDTs and LDTs for rare diseases, among others. The framework would be phased in over many years. If this framework is implemented, these initiatives may lead to an increased regulatory burden on our Company, which may result in a requirement for FDA review and clearance or approval of our POS services. Any increased regulatory burdens would probably result in an increase in the cost of our POS services and could keep us from selling POS services until such time as any required FDA clearance or approval is obtained. If our POS services become subject to FDA’s approval and oversight as medical devices, the additional regulatory burdens may be significant, and may require the addition of experienced medical device quality, regulatory and compliance personnel to assume these burdens. Any POS services that we provide in other countries may be similarly subject to regulation by foreign regulatory agencies, which would also increase our costs. These matters could hurt our business and our financial results.

Our laboratories are subject to regulation and licensure requirements, and the healthcare industry is highly regulated; we may face substantial penalties, and our business activities may be impacted, if we fail to comply.

Our TumorGraft products are performed in laboratories that are subject to state regulation and licensure requirements. Such regulation and requirements are subject to change, and may result in additional costs or delays in providing our products to our customers. In addition, the healthcare industry in general is highly regulated in the United States at both the federal and state levels. We seek to conduct our business in compliance with all applicable laws, but many of the laws and regulations potentially applicable to us are vague or unclear. These laws and regulations may be interpreted or applied by an authority in a way that could require us to make changes in our business. We may not be able to obtain all regulatory approvals needed to operate our business or sell our products. If we fail to do so, we could be subject to civil and criminal penalties or fines or lose the authorizations necessary to operate our business, as well as incur additional liabilities from third parties. If any of these events happened, they could hurt our business and financial results.

If our laboratory facility is damaged or destroyed, we have a dispute with our landlord, or our mice population has a health crisis, our business would be negatively affected.

We currently utilize three laboratories in Baltimore, Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland and New York, New York to perform the work of our tumor studies and develop and bank our TumorGraft Technology Platform models. The lab in Baltimore is where a majority of the work is performed. If this facility were to be significantly damaged or destroyed, we could suffer a loss of our ongoing and future drug studies, as well as our TumorGraft bank. In addition, we lease the space for this laboratory from a third party. If we had a dispute with our landlord or otherwise could not utilize this space, it would take time to find and move to a new facility, which could negatively affect our results of operations. Finally, our TumorGraft operations depend on having a colony of live mice available. If this population experienced a health crisis, such as a virus, that would affect the success of both current POS and TOS business and future business as we would have to rebuild the population and repeat current TumorGrafts.

We have limited experience marketing and selling our products  and may need to rely on third parties to successfully market and sell our products and generate revenues.

We need to continue building a marketing and sales function or enter into agreements with consultants to market our products. Our ability to gain market acceptance and generate revenues will be substantially dependent upon our ability to successfully market our products and/or enter into such agreements on favorable terms and to manage the efforts of those employees or service providers, as the case may be.  If we are not successful in building market share, profitability, and our future prospects will not be realized.

We will continue to be dependent upon key employees.

Our success, currently, is dependent upon the efforts of several full-time key employees, the loss of the services of one or more of which would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. We intend to continue to develop our management team and attract and retain qualified personnel in all functional areas to expand and grow our business. This may be difficult in the healthcare industry where competition for skilled personnel is intense.

Because our industry is very competitive and many of our competitors have substantially greater capital resources and more experience in research and development, we may not succeed in selling or increasing sales of our products and technologies.

We are engaged in a rapidly changing and highly competitive field. Potential competitors in the United States and abroad are numerous and include diagnostic companies and providers of clinical research services, most of which have substantially greater capital resources and more experience in research and development capabilities. Furthermore, new companies will likely enter our market from the United States and abroad, as scientific developments surrounding other cancer diagnostic services continue to accelerate in the multibillion dollar oncology marketplace.  Our competitors may succeed in selling their products to our potential patient and physician customers more effectively than we sell our products.   In addition, academic institutions, hospitals, governmental agencies, and other public and private research organizations also may conduct similar research, seek patent protection, and may develop and commercially introduce competing products or technologies on their own or through joint ventures. If one or more of our competitors succeeds in developing similar technologies and products that are more effective or successful than any of those that we currently sell or will develop, our results of operations will be significantly adversely affected.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, we may not be able to compete as effectively.

It is important in the healthcare industry to obtain patent and trade secret protection for new technologies, products, and processes. Our success will depend, in part, upon our ability to obtain, enjoy, and enforce protection for any products we have, develop or acquire under United States and foreign patent laws and other intellectual property laws, preserve the confidentiality of our trade secrets, and operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. Where appropriate, we will seek patent protection for certain aspects of our technology. However, while our TumorGraft Technology Platform is proprietary and requires significant know-how to both initiate and operate, it is not patented. It is, therefore, possible for competitors to develop other implantation procedures, or to discover the same procedures utilized by us, that could compete with us in our market.

It also is unclear whether efforts to secure our trade secrets will provide useful protection. While we will use reasonable efforts to protect our trade secrets, our employees or consultants may unintentionally or willfully disclose our proprietary information to competitors resulting in a loss of protection. Enforcing a claim that someone else illegally obtained and is using our trade secrets, like patent litigation, is expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, courts outside the United States are sometimes less willing to protect trade secrets. Finally, our competitors may independently develop equivalent knowledge, methods and know-how.

Claims by others that our products infringe their patents or other intellectual property rights could adversely affect our financial condition.

The healthcare industry has been characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. Patent applications are maintained in secrecy in the United States and also are maintained in secrecy outside the United States until the application is published. Accordingly, we can conduct only limited searches to determine whether our technology infringes the patents or patent applications of others. Any claims of patent infringement asserted by third parties would be time-consuming and could likely:

Investment in our common stock may be diluted if we issue additional shares in the future.

We may issue additional shares of common stock, which will reduce shareholders’ percentage ownership and may dilute per share value. Our Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of 200,000,000 shares of common stock. As of July 15, 2015, we had 107,561,338 shares of common stock issued and 104,425,102 shares outstanding. The future issuance of all or part of the remaining authorized common stock would result in substantial dilution in the percentage of the common stock held by existing shareholders. The issuance of common stock for future services, acquisitions, or other corporate actions may have the effect of diluting the value of the shares held by existing shareholders, and might have an adverse effect on any market for our common stock.

Although we are not currently pursuing additional financing, to the extent that we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities or convertible debt securities, our stockholders may experience significant dilution. Sale of additional equity and/or convertible debt securities at prices below certain levels will trigger anti-dilution provisions with respect to certain securities we have previously sold. If additional funds are raised through a credit facility or the issuance of debt securities or preferred stock, lenders under the credit facility or holders of these debt securities or preferred stock would likely have rights that are senior to the rights of holders of our common stock, and any credit facility or additional securities could contain covenants that would restrict our operation.

Potential future sales or issuances of our common stock to raise capital, or the perception that such sales could occur, could cause dilution to our current stockholders and the price of our common stock to fall.

We have historically supported our operations through the issuance of equity and expect to continue to do so in the future. Although we may not be successful in obtaining financing through equity sales on terms that are favorable to us, if at all, any such sales that do occur could result in substantial dilution to the interests of existing holders of our common stock. Additionally, the sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or other equity securities to any new investors, or the anticipation of such sales, could cause the trading price of our common stock to fall.

There is a limited trading market for our common stock, which may make it difficult for you to sell your shares and you may be subject to state securities laws for any resale.

Our common stock is quoted on the over-the-counter or OTC Bulletin Board. Like many stocks quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, trading in our common stock is thin and characterized by wide fluctuations in trading prices, due to many factors that may have little to do with our operations or business prospects. This volatility could depress the market price of our common stock for reasons unrelated to operating performance. Moreover, trading on the OTC Bulletin Board is often more sporadic and volatile than the trading on security exchanges like NASDAQ or New York Stock Exchange. Accordingly, you may have difficulty reselling your shares of our common stock in short time periods. In addition, unlike shares of companies listed on NASDAQ or New York Stock Exchange, re-sales of our shares are not exempt from state, or “blue sky,” securities laws. As a result, you may need to comply with or find an exemption from any registration requirements of state securities laws if you resell our shares.

The exercise of outstanding options and warrants may dilute current shareholders.

As of July 15, 2015, there were 49,366,102 warrants and options outstanding of which 42,429,162 were vested to purchase shares of our common stock. The exercise of a substantial number of these outstanding warrants and options could adversely affect our share price and dilute current shareholders.

Our stock price is volatile.

The stock market in general and the market for biotechnology companies in particular have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. As a result of this volatility, investors may not be able to sell their common stock at or above the price they paid for it. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including:

Our common stock may be deemed a “penny stock,” which would make it more difficult for you to sell your shares.

Our common stock is subject to the “penny stock” rules adopted under Section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These rules require, among other things, that brokers who trade penny stocks complete certain documentation, make suitability inquiries of investors and provide investors with certain information concerning trading in the security, including a risk disclosure document and quote information under certain circumstances. Many brokers have decided not to trade penny stocks because of the requirements of the penny stock rules and, as a result, the number of broker-dealers willing to act as market makers in such securities is limited. If we remain subject to the penny stock rules for any significant period, it could have an adverse effect on the market, if any, for our common stock. Because our common stock is subject to the penny stock rules, you may find it more difficult to dispose of the shares of our common stock that you have purchased.

Certain provisions of Delaware law, of our charter and bylaws and of our contractual agreements contain provisions that could delay and discourage takeover attempts and any attempts to replace our current management by shareholders.

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, applicable provisions of Delaware corporate law, and our contractual agreements could make it difficult for or prevent a third party from acquiring control of us or changing our Board of Directors and management. These provisions include:

Insiders own a significant amount of the outstanding common stock.

Insiders own a significant amount of our outstanding common stock which could discourage takeover attempts. Our directors, affiliates and executive officers collectively beneficially own approximately 77% of our outstanding stock as of June 30, 2015.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

We lease the following facilities under non-cancelable operating lease agreements:

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Principal Market or Markets

The following information sets forth the high and low quotation prices for our common stock for each quarter within the last two fiscal years.  Our common stock (symbol CSBR) is traded over-the-counter and quoted on the electronic Bulletin Board maintained by the National Association of Securities Dealers.  The quotations represent prices between dealers and do not reflect the retailer markups, markdowns or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.  Our securities are presently classified as “penny stocks” as defined by existing securities laws.  This classification places significant restrictions upon broker-dealers desiring to make a market in such securities.  High and low closing prices for our common stock for the last two fiscal years were:

Approximate Number of Holders of Common Stock

As of July 15, 2015, there were approximately 2,160 record holders of the Company’s common stock.

Dividends

Holders of our common stock and redeemable common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared by our Board of Directors.  No dividends have been declared or paid with respect to our common stock and redeemable common stock and no dividends are anticipated to be paid in the foreseeable future.  Any future decisions as to the payment of dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to applicable law.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The information regarding securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans is disclosed in Item 12 “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”

Recent Sales by the Company of Unregistered Securities

None.

Repurchases of Securities

None.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

Not applicable.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current expectations, estimates, and projections about our business and operations.  Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those we discuss under Item 1A – “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Overview and Recent Developments

Champions Oncology, Inc. is engaged in the development and sale of advanced technology solutions and products to personalize the development and use of oncology drugs.  The Company’s TumorGraft Technology Platform is a novel approach to personalizing cancer care, based upon the implantation of human tumors in immune-deficient mice.  The Company uses this technology, in conjunction with related products, to offer solutions for two customer groups:

We plan to continue our efforts to expand our TumorGraft Technology Platform in order to expand our POS and TOS programs.

On July 30, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. pursuant to which the Company agreed to conduct TumorGraft studies on multiple proprietary chemical compounds provided by Teva to determine the activity or response of these compounds in potential clinical indications. Under the agreement, Teva agreed to, pay an upfront payment and, under certain conditions, pay the Company various amounts upon achieving certain milestones, based on the performance of the compounds in preclinical testing and dependent upon testing the compound in clinical settings and obtaining FDA approval. In addition, Teva agreed to pay the Company royalties on any commercialized products developed under the agreement. This agreement terminated a prior collaborative agreement between Cephalon, Inc. a wholly-owned subsidiary of Teva, and the Company. For the year ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, revenue of $724,000 and 194,000 were recognized relating to this agreement.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our operating results for the periods presented below (dollars in thousands):

Operating Revenues

Operating revenues for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014 were $8.9 million and $11.6 million, respectively, a decrease of $2.7 million, or 23.3%, primarily driven by the decrease in TOS revenue.

Personalized Oncology Solutions Revenues

POS revenues were $1.7 million and $2.3 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, a decrease of $0.6 million or 26.5%. Core revenues, consisting of implants and drug panels, were $1.4 million and $1.8 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, a decrease of 21%. The number of implants during fiscal 2015 was 245, an increase of 1% over fiscal 2014. The number of patients for whom studies were completed was 90 for fiscal 2015, an increase of 3% over fiscal 2014. The decrease in core revenue is due to a reduction in the number of tests per panel resulting in a $300,000 decrease in panel revenue. Non-core revenues, consisting of tumor boards and sequencing, decreased $212,000.

Translational Oncology Solutions Revenues

TOS revenues were $7.2 million and $9.3 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, a decrease of $2.1 million or 22.5%. The decrease was due in part to slower recognition of study revenue caused by longer duration in study times and study extensions.

Cost of Personalized Oncology Solutions

POS cost of sales were $2.7 million for both years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, gross margins for POS were negative 64% and negative 21%, respectively. The decline in gross margin is attributed to the decline in core POS revenue and a fixed component to the cost of sales. Non-core revenue, which has lower cost of sale and higher margins, declined, contributing to lower overall margins.

Cost of Translational Oncology Solutions

TOS cost of sales were $4.9 million and $3.5 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, an increase of $1.4 million, or 38.7%. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, gross margins for TOS were 32% and 63%, respectively. The increase in TOS cost of sales is mainly due to an increase in TOS studies, the revenue of which will be recognized upon study completion.

Research and Development

Research and development expense was $4.8 million and $2.3 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, an increase of $2.5 million or 114%. The increase is largely due to investment in characterizing the TumorBank.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expense was $4.3 million and $3.2 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, an increase of $1.1 million, or 35.8%. The increase was due to the expansion of the TOS sales force offset by reduced sales and marketing expense for POS.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expense was $5.3 million and $6.1 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 12.8%.

Other Income/(Expense)

Other Income/(expense) consists of the change in the fair value of warrants that were accounted for as liabilities and are described further below and in Note 6 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, a modification charge due to the extinguishment of the liability as stated in the amended 2011 and 2013 Warrant Agreements both of which are described further below and in Note 6 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements and other miscellaneous charges. Other Income/(expense) was $225,000 and ($1.1) million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. This change in the fair value of the warrant liability was a result of revaluing the warrant liability based on the Monte Carlo simulation valuation model, impacted primarily by the quoted price of the Company's common stock. The revaluation of the warrant liability has no impact on our cash balances.

Inflation

Inflation does not have a meaningful impact on the results of our operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our liquidity needs have typically arisen from the funding of our research and development programs and the launch of new products, working capital requirements, and other strategic initiatives. In the past, we have met these cash requirements through our cash and cash equivalents, working capital management, and proceeds from certain private placements of our securities. As of April 30, 2015, we had working capital of $6.9 million and cash and cash equivalents of $9.4 million. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents on hand at April 30, 2015 are adequate to fund operations for at least through our 1^st quarter of fiscal year 2017. Should the Company be required to raise additional capital, there can be no assurance that management would be successful in raising such capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

On December 1, 2014, the Company entered into note purchase agreements with and issued convertible promissory notes in the principal amount of $1 million each to Joel Ackerman, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Ronnie Morris, the Company’s President, to finance the operations of the Company. The transaction was approved by the Company’s audit committee.

The notes bore interest at 12% per annum and had an initial term of 90 days. The notes, including any accrued but unpaid interest, were convertible at the option of each noteholder: (a) upon the closing of any equity financing that occurred during the term of the notes, into the securities offered in the financing to other investors at a 5% discount to the price per share paid by other investors in the financing; and (b) upon the maturity date of the notes, into the Company’s common stock at the volume weighted average closing price of the common stock for the five trading days prior to such conversion.

On February 28, 2015, the Company entered into amendments to the convertible promissory notes issued on December 1, 2014. The amendments extended the maturity dates of the convertible promissory notes to April 1, 2015. The amendments were approved by the Company’s audit committee.

On March 11, 2015, the convertible promissory notes and accrued interest were converted into equity as part of the 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement.

On March 11, 2015, the Company entered into a 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement (the "2015 Securities Purchase Agreement") with Battery Ventures IX, L.P. and Battery Investment Partners IX, LLC (collectively, "Battery"), New Enterprise Associates 14, Limited Partnership ("NEA"), Joel Ackerman, Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company ("Ackerman"), Dr. Ronnie Morris, President and a director of the Company ("Morris"), Daniel Mendelson, a director of the Company ("Mendelson") and certain other investors (collectively with Battery, NEA, Ackerman, Morris and Mendelson, the "Investors"), for the sale to the Investors of units, each unit consisting of one share of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Common Stock") and a warrant to buy 0.55 shares of Common Stock at $0.48 per share (the "Warrants"), at a purchase price of $0.40 per unit, for an aggregate of $14,000,000. The Warrants expire five years after the closing date. Ackerman and Morris converted convertible promissory notes dated December 1, 2014 in the principal amounts of $1 million each, plus accrued interest, into the units at a 5% discount, pursuant to the terms of the convertible promissory notes.

The Investors have the right to require the Company to repurchase the purchased shares (the "Put Option") for cash for $0.40 per share upon a change of control or sale or exclusive license of substantially all of the Company's assets only if approved by the Company's board of directors. The Put Option will terminate upon the achievement of certain financial and other milestones.

The Investors have certain participation rights with respect to future financings of the Company. The Company covenanted to register the resale of the shares of Common Stock to be issued to the Investors and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants pursuant to a 2015 Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, to pay certain liquidated damages if the Company fails to file such registration statement by a certain deadline, and to have it declared effective by a certain deadline or keep it effective for a certain period of time.

The issuance of the shares of Common Stock resulted in the Company issuing an additional 1,865,853 shares of Common Stock to investors who purchased shares of Common Stock pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of March 24, 2011 (the "2011 Securities Purchase Agreement") due to contractual antidilution provisions in that 2011 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company also amended and restated the 2011 Securities Purchase Agreement to eliminate these antidilution provisions going forward, and conform aspects of the put option in that 2011 Securities Purchase Agreement to terms of the Put Option in the 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company also issued an additional 1,583,335 warrants to its investors under the 2011 Warrant Agreements under the Securities Purchase Agreement and had its investors agree on certain amendments of the warrants to eliminate the antidilution rights for future transactions, by extending the term of the warrants  by one year, and revising the exercise price to $0.40.

The Company and its investors have  amended and restated its Securities Purchase Agreement dated January 28, 2013 (the "2013 Securities Purchase Agreement") to conform aspects of the put option in that 2013 Securities Purchase Agreement to the Put Option in the 2015 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company issued an additional 1,209,001 warrants to investors under the 2013 Warrant Agreements under the Securities Purchase Agreement and had its investors agree on certain amendments of these warrants issued in connection with the 2013 Securities Purchase Agreement to eliminate the antidilution rights for future transactions, by extending the term of the warrant  by one year, revising the exercise price to $0.40.

Cash Flows

The following discussion relates to the major components of our cash flows:

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $9.6 million and $3.4 million for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase of $6.2 million cash used in operations relates to a decrease in revenues in conjunction with increase in costs for business expansion.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $114,000 and $234,000 for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These cash flows relate to the purchase of property and equipment.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $13.2 million and $21,000 for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These cash flows in 2015 primarily relate to the private placement of common stock and warrants that occurred on March 13, 2015, which is explained more in Liquidity and Capital Resources section, and the exercise of stock options and warrants.

Critical Accounting Policies

We believe that of our significant accounting policies (refer to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 15 of this Annual Report), the following may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity:

General

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States or GAAP.  The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant estimates of the Company include, among other things, accounts receivable realization, revenue recognition (replacement of licensed tumors), valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, valuation of goodwill, and stock compensation and warrant assumptions. We have not identified any estimates that require a significant level of judgment or are otherwise subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty.   We base our estimates on historical experience, our observance of trends in particular areas and information or valuations and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances and which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that may not be readily apparent from other sources.  Actual amounts could differ significantly from amounts previously estimated.

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives revenue from its POS and TOS businesses. Personalized oncology solutions assist physicians by providing information to help guide the development of personalized treatment plans for their patients using our core offerings, including testing oncology drugs and drug combinations on personalized TumorGrafts, and through other products. Translational oncology solutions offer a preclinical TumorGraft platform to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies using proprietary TumorGraft studies, which the Company believes may be predictive of how drugs may perform in clinical settings.  The Company recognizes revenue when the following four basic criteria are met: (i) a contract has been entered into with its customers; (ii) delivery has occurred or services rendered to its customers; (iii) the fee is fixed and determinable as noted in the contract; and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured.  The Company utilizes a proportional performance revenue recognition model for its TOS business, under which it recognizes revenue as performance occurs, based on the relative outputs of the performance that have occurred up to that point in time under the respective agreement, typically the delivery of reports to its customers documenting the results of testing protocols.

When a POS or TOS arrangement involves multiple elements, the items included in the arrangement (deliverables) are evaluated to determine whether they represent separate units of accounting.  We perform this evaluation at the inception of an arrangement and as each item in the arrangement is delivered.  Generally, we account for a deliverable (or a group of deliverables) separately if: (i) the delivered item(s) has standalone value to the customer, and (ii) we have given the customer a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s) and the delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) or service(s) is probable and substantially in our control. Revenue on multiple element arrangements is recognized using a proportional method for each separately identified element.  All revenue from contracts determined not to have separate units of accounting is recognized based on consideration of the most substantive delivery factor of all the elements in the contract or if there is no predominant deliverable upon delivery of the final element of the arrangement.

During the third quarter of fiscal year 2014 we entered into a contract that may require the replacement of licensed tumors in the event that certain contractual terms have not been satisfied. Due to such requirements we have estimated an amount of licensed tumors that may need to be replaced, and we have deferred this revenue until all provisions of the agreement have been met. There was $258,000 of deferred revenue as of April 30, 2015 relating to our estimate of replacement of licensed tumors.

Share-Based Payments

We typically recognize expense for share-based payments based on the fair value of awards on the date of grant.  We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value.  The option pricing model requires us to estimate certain key assumptions such as expected life, volatility, risk free interest rates, and dividend yield to determine the fair value of share-based awards.  These assumptions are based on historical information and management judgment.  We expense share-based payments over the period that the awards are expected to vest, net of estimated forfeitures.  If actual forfeitures differ from management’s estimates, compensation expense is adjusted.  We report cash flows resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized from those options (excess tax benefits) as financing cash flows when the cash tax benefit is received.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost over the fair market value of the net assets acquired including identifiable assets.  Goodwill is tested annually, or more frequently, if circumstances indicate potential impairment, by comparing its fair value to its carrying amount.  The determination of whether or not goodwill is impaired involves significant judgment.  Although we believe our goodwill is not impaired, changes in strategy or market conditions could significantly impact the judgments and may require future adjustments to the carrying value of goodwill.  We use a two-step process to test for goodwill impairment.  The first step is to screen for potential impairment, while the second step measures the amount of the impairment, if any.  The first step of the goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill.  If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired.  If the carrying value of the reporting unit’s net assets, including goodwill, exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then we determine the implied fair value of goodwill.  If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then an impairment of goodwill has occurred and an impairment loss would be recognized for the difference between the carrying amount and the implied fair value of goodwill as a component of operating income.  The implied fair value of goodwill is calculated by subtracting the fair value of tangible and intangible assets associated with the reporting unit from the fair value of the unit.

In addition, we evaluate impairment if events or circumstances change between the annual assessments, indicating a possible impairment.  Examples of such events or circumstances include: (i) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; (ii) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator; or (iii) a significant decline in market capitalization as compared to book value.

We have two operating segments and two reporting units. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit, as calculated for the April 30, 2015 impairment test, exceeded the carrying value of the reporting unit.  Judgments regarding the existence of impairment indicators are based on legal factors, market conditions and operational performance of the acquired businesses.  Future events, including but not limited to continued declines in economic activity, loss of contracts or a significant number of customers or a rapid increase in costs or capital expenditures, could cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist and that goodwill is impaired.  Any resulting goodwill impairment could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Accounting for Income Taxes

We use the asset and liability method to account for income taxes.  Significant management judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against net deferred tax assets.  In preparing the consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate.  This process involves estimating the actual current tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, depreciation on property, plant and equipment, goodwill and losses for tax and accounting purposes.  These differences result in deferred tax assets, which include tax loss carry-forwards, and liabilities, which are included within the consolidated balance sheet.  We then assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent that recovery is not likely or there is insufficient operating history, a valuation allowance is established.  To the extent a valuation allowance is established or increased in a period, we include an expense within the tax provision of the consolidated statements of operations.  As of April 30, 2015 and 2014, we have established a full valuation allowance for all deferred tax assets.

As of April 30, 2015, we recognized a liability on the balance sheet relative to foreign operations in the amount of $100,000. We do not anticipate any significant unrecognized tax benefits will be recorded during the next 12 months.  Any interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits is recognized in income tax expense. Since there are no unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken, there are no accrued penalties or interest. There were no uncertain tax positions as of April 30, 2014.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, which will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and is intended to improve and converge with international standards the financial reporting requirements for revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 also requires additional disclosures about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. ASU 2014-09 allows for both retrospective and prospective methods of adoption and is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2016. On July 9, the FASB decided to delay the effective date of the new revenue standard by one year. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on our financial statements.

In June 2014, FASB has issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-12, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period”. This ASU requires that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition. As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant date fair value of the award. This update further clarifies that compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered.. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and results of operations.

In August 2014, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern: Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern”. This ASU requires management to evaluate, in connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable) and provide related disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2014-15 on its financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing

We have no off-balance sheet debt or similar obligations.  We have no transactions or obligations with related parties that are not disclosed, consolidated into or reflected in our reported results of operations or financial position.  We do not guarantee any third-party debt.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Consolidated balance sheets as of April 30, 2015 and 2014, consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period then ended April 30, 2015 together with the reports of our independent registered public accounting firms, are set forth in the “F” pages of this Annual Report on Form 10-K in Item 15.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President, Finance, have reviewed and evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K.  Based on that evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President, Finance, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President, Finance, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of Champions Oncology, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a–15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President, Finance, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on control criteria framework of the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations, or COSO, of the Treadway Commission published in its report entitled Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013).  Based on our evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2015.

Management’s Annual Report on Changes in Internal Controls

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended April 30, 2015, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information required by item 10 is contained in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by item 11 is contained in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by item 12 is contained in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by item 13 is contained in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required by item 14 is contained in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a)1. Financial Statements

(a)2. Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable.

(a)3. Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K.

* Filed herewith

** Portions of this exhibit have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.

SIGNATURES

In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

July 29, 2015

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Champions Oncology, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Champions Oncology, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of April 30, 2015, and the related consolidated statement of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. The financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Champions Oncology, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of April 30, 2015, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ EisnerAmper LLP

Iselin, New Jersey

July 29, 2015

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Champions Oncology, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Champions Oncology, Inc. (the “Company”) as of April 30, 2014, and the related consolidated statement of operations, comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year ended April 30, 2014. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Champions Oncology, Inc. at April 30, 2014, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Baltimore, Maryland

July 28, 2014

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF APRIL 30

(Dollars in Thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in Thousands Except Per Share Amounts)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Dollars in Thousands)                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Dollars in Thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in Thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Background

Champions Oncology, Inc. (the “Company”), is engaged in the development and sale of advanced technology solutions and products to personalize the development and use of oncology drugs. The Company’s TumorGraft Technology Platform is a novel approach to personalizing cancer care based upon the implantation of human tumors in immune-deficient mice. The Company uses this technology, in conjunction with related services, to offer solutions for two consumer groups: Personalized Oncology Solutions (“POS”) and Translational Oncology Solutions (“TOS”). POS assists physicians in developing personalized treatment options for their cancer patients through tumor specific data obtained from drug panels and related personalized oncology services. The Company’s TOS business offers a technology platform to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies using proprietary TumorGraft studies, which the Company believes may be predictive of how drugs may perform in clinical settings.

The Company has three operating subsidiaries: Champions Oncology (Israel), Limited, Champions Biotechnology U.K., Limited and Champions Oncology Singapore, PTE LTD. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, there were no material revenues earned by these subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company’s foreign subsidiaries functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in earnings. The Company is subject to foreign exchange rate fluctuations in connection with the Company’s international operations.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase, to be cash equivalents. At various times, the Company has amounts on deposit at financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Fair Value

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, deposits and other receivables, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value based on the liquidity or the short-term maturities of these instruments. The fair value hierarchy promulgated by GAAP consists of three levels:

Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter. The Company had one liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis, which relate to warrants that were issued in connection with the 2011 and 2013 private placements of the Company’s securities. On March 11, 2015 the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement and amended certain agreements which eliminated the provisions within the warrant agreements requiring the liability classification of the warrant liability. Accordingly, the warrant liability was reclassified to equity at the date of such modification which is discussed more fully in Note 7. As of March 11, 2015 and April 30, 2014, these warrants had an estimated fair value of $1.6 million and $2 million, respectively, which was calculated by the Monte Carlo simulation valuation method using level three inputs. The Company has no assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and there were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis during the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014.

The following table presents information about our warrant liability, which was our only financial instrument measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as of April 30 (dollars in thousands):

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable represent amounts due under agreements with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for TOS and amounts due under agreements with patients for POS. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates open accounts receivable for collectability and records an allowance for potentially uncollectible accounts. For both April 30, 2015 and 2014, the allowance for these accounts was $2,000. Accounts receivable is also comprised of certain unbilled accounts receivable for services completed under TOS that have not been billed as of the balance sheet date. As of April 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company had unbilled receivables of $636,000 and $884,000, respectively.

Restricted Cash

As of April 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company has restricted cash of $163,000 and $165,000, respectively, which is classified as a noncurrent asset on the consolidated balance sheets. This restricted cash serves primarily as collateral for corporate credit cards to provide financial assurance that the Company will fulfill its obligations. The cash is held in custody by the issuing bank, is restricted as to withdrawal or use, and is currently invested in an interest-bearing Certificate of Deposit (“CD”). Though the CD matures in the second quarter of fiscal 2016, the cash will be reinvested into another CD to continue use of the corporate cards. The Company accounts for this CD as a non-current asset supporting operations of the business.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is recorded at cost and primarily consists of laboratory equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer hardware and software. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the various assets ranging from three to seven years. Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

Depreciation and amortization expense was $214,000 and $213,000 for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Additionally, included in “Laboratory equipment” for FY 2015 is a capital lease asset of $124,000. Depreciation and amortization expense relating the capital lease was $12,405 for the year ended Aril 30, 2015.

Capital Lease

In November 2014, the Company entered into a lease for laboratory equipment. The lease is a capital lease that has costs of approximately $149,000 through November 2019. The current monthly capital lease payment is approximately $3,000.

The following is a schedule by years of future minimum lease payments under this capital lease together with the present value of the net minimum lease payments as of April 30, 2015:

The present value of minimum future obligations shown above is calculated based on interest rate of 5%. Depreciation and amortization expense was $12,405 for the year ended April 30, 2015.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Impairment losses are to be recognized when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable or exceeds its fair value.  The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that a carrying value may not be recoverable.  The Company uses estimates of future cash flows over the remaining useful life of a long- lived asset or asset group to determine the recoverability of the asset.  These estimates only include the net cash flows directly associated with, and that are expected to arise as a direct result of, the use and eventual disposition of the asset or asset group.  The Company has not recognized any impairment losses for the Company’s long-lived assets for the years ending April 30, 2015 and 2014.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost over the fair market value of the net assets acquired including identifiable assets.  Goodwill is tested annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate potential impairment, by comparing its fair value to its carrying amount.  The determination of whether or not goodwill is impaired involves significant judgment.  Although the Company believes its goodwill is not impaired, changes in strategy or market conditions could significantly impact the judgments and may require future adjustments to the carrying value of goodwill.  The Company uses a two-step process to test for goodwill impairment.  The first step is to screen for potential impairment, while the second step measures the amount of the impairment, if any.  The first step of the goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill.  If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired.  If the carrying value of the reporting unit’s net assets, including goodwill, exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then the Company determines the implied fair value of goodwill.  If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then an impairment of goodwill has occurred and an impairment loss would be recognized for the difference between the carrying amount and the implied fair value of goodwill as a component of operating income.  The implied fair value of goodwill is calculated by subtracting the fair value of tangible and intangible assets associated with the reporting unit from the fair value of the unit. The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the operating segment level.

The Company has not recognized any impairment losses for the Company’s goodwill for the years ending April 30, 2015 and 2014.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue represents payments received in advance for products to be delivered.  When products are delivered, deferred revenue is then recognized as earned.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Warrant Liability

Warrant liability represented the fair value of warrants issued in connection with the 2011 and 2013 private placements of the Company’s common stock, which are described more fully in Note 8. These warrants were presented as liabilities based on the certain exercise price reset provisions.  The  liability, which was recorded at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, was calculated by the Monte Carlo simulation valuation method.  The change in fair value of these warrants were recognized as other income or expense in the consolidated statements of operations. On March 11, 2015 the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement and amended the 2011 and 2013 warrant agreements which eliminated the liability feature of these warrants. Such warrants were transferred to equity which is discussed more fully in Note 7.

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives revenue from its POS and TOS businesses. Personalized oncology solutions assist physicians by providing information to help guide the development of personalized treatment plans for their patients using our core offerings, including testing oncology drugs and drug combinations on personalized TumorGrafts, and through other products. Translational oncology solutions offer a preclinical TumorGraft platform to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies using proprietary TumorGraft studies, which the Company believes may be predictive of how drugs may perform in clinical settings.  The Company recognizes revenue when the following four basic criteria are met: (i) a contract has been entered into with its customers; (ii) delivery has occurred or services rendered to its customers; (iii) the fee is fixed and determinable as noted in the contract; and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured.  The Company utilizes a proportional performance revenue recognition model for its TOS business, under which it recognizes revenue as performance occurs, based on the relative outputs of the performance that have occurred up to that point in time under the respective agreement, typically the delivery of reports to its customers documenting the results of testing protocols.

When a POS or TOS arrangement involves multiple elements, the items included in the arrangement (deliverables) are evaluated to determine whether they represent separate units of accounting.  The Company performs this evaluation at the inception of an arrangement and as each item in the arrangement is delivered.  Generally, the Company accounts for a deliverable (or a group of deliverables) separately if: (i) the delivered item(s) has standalone value to the customer, and (ii) if the Company has given the customer a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s) and the delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) or service(s) is probable and substantially in the Company’s control.  All revenue from contracts determined not to have separate units of accounting is recognized based on consideration of the most substantive delivery factor of all the elements in the contract or if there is no predominant deliverable upon delivery of the final element of the arrangement.

During the third quarter of fiscal year 2014 we entered into a contract that may require the replacement of licensed tumors in the event that certain contractual terms have not been satisfied. Due to such requirements we have estimated an amount of licensed tumors that may need to be replaced, and we have deferred this revenue until all provisions of the agreement have been met. There was $258,000 of deferred revenue as of April 30, 2015 relating to our estimate of replacement of licensed tumors.

Cost of Personalized Oncology Solutions

Cost of POS consists of costs related to POS revenue earned from implantations, drug panels, tumor boards, and gene sequencing services, as well as indirect internal costs, such as salaries for personnel directly engaged in these products. Direct costs associated with implantation revenues are primarily related to mice purchases and maintenance and shipping of tumor tissue. Direct drug panel costs are primarily incurred from mice purchases and maintenance and drug purchases. Direct tumor board costs are primarily related to physicians’ honorariums and any tumor board participation costs such as travel, lodging and meals. Direct gene sequencing costs are primarily related to costs billed from the gene sequencing service provider. All costs are expensed as incurred.

Cost of Translational Oncology Solutions

Cost of TOS consists of costs related to TOS revenue.  Direct costs include mice purchases and maintenance costs for studies completed internally and charges from CROs for studies handled externally. Indirect costs include salaries for personnel directly engaged in providing TOS products. All costs of performing studies in-house are expensed as incurred. All costs of performing studies from external sources, if any, are expensed when received.

Research and Development

Research and development costs represent both costs incurred internally for research and development activities, including personnel costs and mice purchases and maintenance, as well as costs incurred externally to facilitate research activities, such as tumor tissue procurement and characterization expenses.  All research and development costs are expensed as incurred. 

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Sales and Marketing

Selling and marketing expenses represent costs incurred to promote the Company’s products offered, including salaries, benefits and related costs of our sales and marketing personnel, and represent costs of advertising and other selling and marketing expenses. All sales and marketing costs, including advertising costs, are expensed as incurred.

Basic and Dilutive Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock plus dilutive potential common stock considered outstanding during the period. Such dilutive shares consist of incremental shares that would be issued upon exercise of the Company’s derivative warrants, which were reclassified to equity as discussed in note 7.

The following table reflects the total potential share-based instruments outstanding at April 30, 2015 and 2014 that could have an effect on the future computation of dilution per common share:

Share-Based Payments

The Company typically recognizes expense for share-based payments based on the fair value of awards on the date of grant.  The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value.  The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of short-traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable.  The option pricing model requires the Company to estimate certain key assumptions such as expected life, volatility, risk free interest rates and dividend yield to determine the fair value of share-based awards.  These assumptions are based on historical information and management judgment.  The risk-free interest rate used is based on the United States treasury security rate with a term consistent with the expected term of the award at the time of the grant. Since the Company has limited option exercise history, it has generally elected to estimate the expected life of an award based upon the Securities and Exchange Commission-approved “simplified method” noted under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 with the continued use of this method extended under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110.  During fiscal 2013, the Company changed its method used to calculate expected volatility from an index, which was based on the Company’s historic volatility and certain comparable guideline companies, to the use of only the Company’s historic volatility which had an immaterial effect on the financial statements.  The Company does not anticipate paying a dividend, and therefore, no expected dividend yield was used.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The Company expenses share-based payments over the period that the awards are expected to vest, net of estimated forfeitures.  If actual forfeitures differ from management’s estimates, compensation expense is adjusted.  The Company expenses modification charges in the period of modification and, if required, over the remaining period the awards are expected to vest. The Company will report cash flows resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized from those options (excess tax benefits) as financing cash flows, if they should arise.

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes have been provided to show the effect of temporary differences between the recognition of expenses for financial and income tax reporting purposes and between the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements.  In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company assesses the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be recovered through tax planning strategies or from future taxable income, and to the extent that recovery is not likely or there is insufficient operating history, a valuation allowance is established.  The Company adjusts the valuation allowance in the period management determines it is more likely than not that net deferred tax assets will or will not be realized.  Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in the tax provision in the period of change. As of April 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company provided a valuation allowance for all net deferred tax assets, as recovery is not more likely than not based on an insufficient history of earnings.

Tax positions are positions taken in a previously filed tax return or positions expected to be taken in a future tax return that are reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities reported in the consolidated financial statements.  Tax positions include, but are not limited to, the following:

The Company reflects tax benefits only if it is more likely than not that we will be able to sustain the tax position, based on its technical merits.  If a tax benefit meets this criterion, it is measured and recognized based on the largest amount of benefit that is cumulatively greater than 50% likely to be realized.  The Company has $100,000 of unrecognized tax benefits as of April 30, 2015 and none as of April 30, 2014.

The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company had no accrual for interest or penalties on the Company’s balance sheets at April 30, 2015 and 2014, and has not recognized interest and/or penalties in the statement of operations for either period. We do not anticipate any significant unrecognized tax benefits will be recorded during the next 12 months.  

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, which will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and is intended to improve and converge with international standards the financial reporting requirements for revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 also requires additional disclosures about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. ASU 2014-09 allows for both retrospective and prospective methods of adoption and is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on our financial statements. On July 9, the FASB decided to delay the effective date of the new revenue standard by one year.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

In June 2014, FASB has issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-12, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period”. This ASU requires that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition. As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant date fair value of the award. This update further clarifies that compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered.. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and results of operations.

In August 2014, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern: Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern”. This ASU requires management to evaluate, in connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable) and provide related disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2014-15 on its financial statements.

Note 3. Teva Agreement

On July 30, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., pursuant to which the Company agreed to conduct TumorGraft studies on multiple proprietary chemical compounds provided by Teva to determine the activity or response of these compounds in potential clinical indications. Under the agreement, Teva agreed to pay an upfront payment and, under certain conditions, pay the Company various amounts upon achieving certain milestones, based on the performance of the compounds in preclinical testing and dependent upon testing the compound in clinical settings and obtaining FDA approval. In addition, Teva agreed to pay the Company royalties on any commercialized products developed under the agreement. This agreement terminated a prior collaborative agreement between Cephalon, Inc. a wholly-owned subsidiary of Teva, and the Company. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, revenue of $724,000 and $194,000, respectively, were recognized relating to this agreement.

Note 4. Significant Customers

For the year ended April 30, 2015, three of our customers accounted for more than 10.0% of our total revenue in the amount of $0.9 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million. The revenue from these customers is captured in the TOS revenue line item within the income statement.

For the year ended April 30, 2014, three of our customers accounted for more than 10.0% of our total revenue in the amount of $1.6 million, $1.5 million and $1.5 million. The revenue from these customers was captured in the TOS revenue line item within the income statement.

For the year ended April 30, 2015, two of our customers accounted for more than 10.0% of our total accounts receivable balance in the amount of $153,446 and $119,540, or 14.5% and 11.3%, respectively.

For the year ended April 30, 2014, two of our customers accounted for more than 10.0% of our total accounts receivable balance in the amount of $398,053 and $171,962, or 30.4% and 13.2%, respectively.

Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

As of April 30, 2015, we lease the following facilities under non-cancelable operating lease agreements:

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Future minimum lease payments due each fiscal year are as follows (in thousands):

Legal Matters

The Company is not currently party to any legal matters to its knowledge. The Company is not aware of any other matters that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Registration Payment Arrangements

The Company has entered into an Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement in connection with the March 2015 Private Placement and is discussed more fully in Note 7 below. This Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement contains provisions that may call for the Company to pay penalties in certain circumstances. This registration payment arrangement primarily relates to the Company’s ability to file a registration statement within a particular time period, have a registration statement declared effective within a particular time period and to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement for a particular time period. The Company does not believe it is probable that penalty payments will be made for the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement discussed in Note 7 and, accordingly, has not accrued for such potential penalties as of April 30, 2015 and 2014.

Note 6. Share-Based Payments

Stock-based compensation in the amount of $3.2 million and $2.8 million was recognized for years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Included in 2015 stock-based compensation expense under “general and administrative” line item is the option modification charge of $213,952. Stock-based compensation costs were recorded as follows (in thousands):

2010 Equity Incentive Plan

On February 18, 2011, shareholders owning a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company executed a written consent approving the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (“2010 Equity Plan”). The purpose of the 2010 Equity Plan is to grant (i) Non-statutory Stock Options; (ii) Restricted Stock Awards; and (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights (collectively, stock-based compensation) to its employees, directors and non-employees. Total stock awards under the 2010 Equity Plan shall not exceed 30,000,000 shares of common stock. Options and Stock Appreciation Rights expire no later than ten years from the date of grant and the awards vest as determined by the Board of Directors. Options and Stock Appreciation Rights have a strike price not less than 100% of the fair market value of the common stock subject to the option or right at the date of grant.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

2008 Equity Incentive Plan

The Company has previously granted (i) Non-statutory Stock Options; (ii) Restricted Stock Awards; and (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights (collectively, stock-based compensation) to its employees, directors and non-employees under a 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2008 Equity Plan”).  Such awards may be granted by the Company’s Board of Directors.  Options granted under the 2008 Equity Plan expire no later than ten years from the date of grant and the awards vest as determined by the Board of Directors.

For share-based payments to non-employee consultants under both the 2010 and 2008 Equity Incentive Plan, the fair value of the share-based consideration issued is used to measure the transaction, as management believes this to be a more reliable measure of fair value than the services received.  The fair value of the award is expensed over the period service is provided to the Company; however, it is ultimately measured at the price of the Company’s common stock or the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes valuation model on the date that the commitment for performance by the non-employee consultant has been reached or performance is complete, which is generally the vesting date of the award.

Director Compensation Plan

On December 12, 2013, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company adopted changes to the Director Compensation Plan of 2010 (the “Director Plan”) effective commencing December 1, 2013.  Under the Director Plan, independent directors of the Company are entitled to an annual award of a five-year option to purchase 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, and the Chairman of the Board of the Company is entitled to an annual award of a five year option to purchase 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock.  Independent directors who serve as chairperson of a committee will also receive an annual grant of a five-year option to purchase 20,000 shares of the Company’s unregistered common stock. All options issued under the Director Plan vest quarterly at a rate of 25%. Option grants will typically be issued after the annual shareholder meeting which will generally be held in October of each year. New directors will receive a grant upon joining the Board equal to the pro-rata annual grant for the remainder of the year. Options issued under the Director Plan are issued pursuant to the 2010 Equity Plan. 

Stock Option Grants

Black-Scholes assumptions used to calculate the fair value of options granted during the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the years ending April 30, 2015 and 2014, was $0.61 and $0.96, respectively. The Company’s stock options activity and related information as of and for the years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Included in the balances outstanding in the table above are 2,695,954 options (which vest based on service criteria) granted to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its President as of November 5, 2013 as part of their new employment agreements. In addition to the above, there are 2,695,954 additional options granted to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President which vest based on both service and performance criteria.  The service-based conditions of these options provide for vesting to occur monthly over a period of three years.  The service-based options, like all of the Company’s service-based options, are expensed on a straight-line basis.  Since the straight-line method is not available for performance or market-based share-based payments, the 2,695,954 performance-based options will be expensed on an accelerated basis once the Company determines it is probable that the performance-based conditions will be met.