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CNA FINANCIAL CORP - Quarter Report: 2008 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___ to ___
Commission File Number 1-5823
 
CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware   36-6169860
(State or other jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)   Identification No.)
     
333 S. Wabash    
Chicago, Illinois   60604
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
(312) 822-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
             
Large accelerated filer þ   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o   Smaller reporting company o
    (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
  Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
     
Class   Outstanding at April 23, 2008
     
Common Stock, Par value $2.50   269,012,657
 
 

 


 

CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
INDEX
             
Item       Page
Number       Number
 
           
 
  PART I. Financial Information        
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):        
 
           
 
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007     3  
 
           
 
  Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007     4  
 
           
 
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007     5  
 
           
 
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007     7  
 
           
 
  Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements     8  
 
           
  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     35  
 
           
  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     60  
 
           
  Controls and Procedures     61  
 
           
 
  PART II. Other Information        
 
           
  Legal Proceedings     62  
 
           
  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds     62  
 
           
  Exhibits     62  
 Form of Award Letter to Executive Officers for the Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan
 Form of Award Letter to Executive Officers
 Employment Agreement
 Fourth Amendment to Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
 Acknowledgement to Investment Facilities and Services Agreement
 Acknowledgement to Investment Facilities and Services Agreement
 Acknowledgement to Investment Facilities and Services Agreement
 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer

 


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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions, except per share data)                
 
Revenues
               
Net earned premiums
  $ 1,813     $ 1,863  
Net investment income
    434       608  
Realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    (51 )     (21 )
Other revenues
    86       67  
 
           
 
               
Total revenues
    2,282       2,517  
 
           
 
               
 
           
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
               
Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits
    1,389       1,448  
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
    368       381  
Other operating expenses
    227       218  
Interest
    34       34  
 
           
 
               
Total claims, benefits and expenses
    2,018       2,081  
 
           
 
               
Income before income tax and minority interest
    264       436  
Income tax expense
    (64 )     (132 )
Minority interest
    (12 )     (10 )
 
           
 
               
Income from continuing operations
    188       294  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income tax expense of $0 and $1
    (1 )     2  
 
           
 
               
Net Income
  $ 187     $ 296  
 
           
 
               
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
               
 
               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.70     $ 1.08  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
    (0.01 )     0.01  
 
           
 
               
Basic and diluted earnings per share available to common stockholders
  $ 0.69     $ 1.09  
 
           
 
               
Weighted average outstanding common stock and common stock equivalents
               
 
               
Basic
    270.7       271.3  
 
           
Diluted
    270.8       271.6  
 
           
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
                 
    March 31,     December 31,  
    2008     2007  
(In millions, except share data)                
 
               
Assets
               
Investments:
               
Fixed maturity securities at fair value (amortized cost of $33,956 and $34,388)
  $ 32,496     $ 34,257  
Equity securities at fair value (cost of $287 and $366)
    474       568  
Limited partnership investments
    2,245       2,214  
Other invested assets
    9       46  
Short term investments
    5,347       4,677  
 
           
Total investments
    40,571       41,762  
Cash
    132       94  
Reinsurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $453 and $461)
    8,096       8,228  
Insurance receivables (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $304 and $312)
    1,946       1,972  
Accrued investment income
    358       330  
Receivables for securities sold and collateral
    575       142  
Deferred acquisition costs
    1,158       1,161  
Prepaid reinsurance premiums
    292       270  
Deferred income taxes
    1,694       1,198  
Property and equipment at cost (less accumulated depreciation of $600 and $596)
    394       378  
Goodwill and other intangible assets
    142       142  
Other assets
    601       579  
Separate account business
    465       476  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 56,424     $ 56,732  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
               
Liabilities:
               
Insurance reserves:
               
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
  $ 28,502     $ 28,588  
Unearned premiums
    3,578       3,598  
Future policy benefits
    7,209       7,106  
Policyholders’ funds
    859       930  
Collateral on loaned securities and derivatives
    878       63  
Payables for securities purchased
    273       353  
Participating policyholders’ funds
    34       45  
Short term debt
    200       350  
Long term debt
    1,807       1,807  
Federal income taxes payable (includes $70 and $5 due to Loews Corporation)
    74       2  
Reinsurance balances payable
    396       401  
Other liabilities
    2,394       2,478  
Separate account business
    465       476  
 
           
Total liabilities
    46,669       46,197  
 
           
 
               
Commitments and contingencies (Notes D, G, H, and J)
               
Minority interest
    395       385  
 
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock ($2.50 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 273,040,243 shares issued; and 269,012,657 and 271,662,278 shares outstanding)
    683       683  
Additional paid-in capital
    2,170       2,169  
Retained earnings
    7,431       7,285  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    (763 )     103  
Treasury stock (4,027,586 and 1,377,965 shares), at cost
    (109 )     (39 )
 
           
 
    9,412       10,201  
Notes receivable for the issuance of common stock
    (52 )     (51 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    9,360       10,150  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 56,424     $ 56,732  
 
           
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
               
Net income
  $ 187     $ 296  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
               
(Income) loss from discontinued operations
    1       (2 )
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
          2  
Minority interest
    12       10  
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision
    (21 )     20  
Trading securities activity
    63       (6 )
Realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    51       21  
Undistributed losses (earnings) of equity method investees
    70       (24 )
Net amortization of bond (discount) premium
    (65 )     (56 )
Depreciation
    18       13  
Changes in:
               
Receivables, net
    158       43  
Accrued investment income
    (28 )     (8 )
Deferred acquisition costs
    3       1  
Prepaid reinsurance premiums
    (22 )     (31 )
Federal income taxes recoverable/payable
    72       60  
Insurance reserves
    (41 )     32  
Reinsurance balances payable
    (5 )     38  
Other assets
    (23 )     (2 )
Other liabilities
    (131 )     (178 )
Other, net
          6  
 
           
 
               
Total adjustments
    112       (61 )
 
           
 
               
Net cash flows provided by operating activities-continuing operations
  $ 299     $ 235  
 
           
Net cash flows provided (used) by operating activities-discontinued operations
  $ 4     $ (18 )
 
           
Net cash flows provided by operating activities-total
  $ 303     $ 217  
 
           
 
               
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
               
Purchases of fixed maturity securities
  $ (11,231 )   $ (15,552 )
Proceeds from fixed maturity securities:
               
Sales
    10,262       16,435  
Maturities, calls and redemptions
    1,038       1,016  
Purchases of equity securities
    (56 )     (67 )
Proceeds from sales of equity securities
    28       69  
Change in short term investments
    (696 )     (2,060 )
Change in collateral on loaned securities and derivatives
    815       63  
Change in other investments
    (125 )     (37 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (32 )     (34 )
Other, net
    10       (35 )
 
           
 
               
Net cash flows provided (used) by investing activities-continuing operations
  $ 13     $ (202 )
 
           
Net cash flows provided (used) by investing activities-discontinued operations
  $ (2 )   $ 1  
 
           
Net cash flows provided (used) by investing activities-total
  $ 11     $ (201 )
 
           
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
               
 
Dividends paid to stockholders
    (41 )      
Principal payments on debt
    (150 )      
Return of investment contract account balances
    (14 )     (46 )
Receipts of investment contract account balances
    1       1  
Stock options exercised
          15  
Purchase of treasury stock
    (70 )      
Other, net
    1       4  
 
           
 
               
Net cash flows used by financing activities-continuing operations
  $ (273 )   $ (26 )
 
           
Net cash flows provided by financing activities-discontinued operations
  $     $  
 
           
Net cash flows used by financing activities-total
  $ (273 )   $ (26 )
 
           
 
               
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash-continuing operations
    (1 )      
 
               
Net change in cash
    40       (10 )
 
               
Cash, beginning of year
    101       124  
 
           
 
               
Cash, end of period
  $ 141     $ 114  
 
           
 
               
Cash-continuing operations
  $ 132     $ 91  
Cash-discontinued operations
    9       23  
 
           
Cash-total
  $ 141     $ 114  
 
           
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Common Stock
               
Balance, beginning and end of period
  $ 683     $ 683  
 
           
 
               
Additional Paid-in Capital
               
Balance, beginning of period
    2,169       2,166  
Stock-based compensation
    1       2  
 
           
 
               
Balance, end of period
    2,170       2,168  
 
           
 
               
Retained Earnings
               
Balance, beginning of period
    7,285       6,486  
Adjustment to initially apply FASB Staff Position Technical Bulletin No. 85-4-1, Accounting for Life Settlement Contracts by Third-Party Investors, net of tax
          38  
Adjustment to initially apply FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB No. 109
          5  
 
           
Adjusted balance, beginning of period
    7,285       6,529  
Dividends paid to stockholders
    (41 )      
Net income
    187       296  
 
           
 
               
Balance, end of period
    7,431       6,825  
 
           
 
               
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
               
Balance, beginning of period
    103       549  
Other comprehensive income (loss)
    (866 )     14  
 
           
 
               
Balance, end of period
    (763 )     563  
 
           
 
               
Treasury Stock
               
Balance, beginning of period
    (39 )     (58 )
Purchase of treasury stock
    (70 )      
Stock options exercised and other
          14  
 
           
 
               
Balance, end of period
    (109 )     (44 )
 
           
 
               
Notes Receivable for the Issuance of Common Stock
               
Balance, beginning of period
    (51 )     (58 )
(Increase) decrease in notes receivable for the issuance of common stock
    (1 )     2  
 
           
 
               
Balance, end of period
    (52 )     (56 )
 
           
 
               
Total Stockholders’ Equity
  $ 9,360     $ 10,139  
 
           
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Note A. Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) include the accounts of CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its controlled subsidiaries. Collectively, CNAF and its subsidiaries are referred to as CNA or the Company. CNA’s property and casualty and the remaining life & group insurance operations are primarily conducted by Continental Casualty Company (CCC), The Continental Insurance Company (CIC) and Continental Assurance Company (CAC). Loews Corporation (Loews) owned approximately 90% of the outstanding common stock of CNAF as of March 31, 2008.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements, including certain financial statement notes, prepared in accordance with GAAP, is not required for interim reporting purposes and has been condensed or omitted. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in CNAF’s Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the year ended December 31, 2007, as amended by Form 10-K/A, which amended Part 1, Item 1 of Form 10-K (Form 10-K). The preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
The interim financial data as of March 31, 2008 and for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 is unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. All significant intercompany amounts have been eliminated.
Note B. Accounting Pronouncements
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 157, Fair Value Measurement (SFAS 157)
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS 157, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, specifies acceptable valuation techniques, prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation techniques into a fair value hierarchy and expands the disclosure requirements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and a non-recurring basis. The SFAS 157 hierarchy is based on observable inputs reflecting market data obtained from independent sources or unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s market assumptions. This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available.
In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position SFAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (FSP SFAS 157-2), which delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for all non-recurring fair value measurements of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities until the fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2008. As a result, the Company has partially applied the provisions of SFAS 157 upon adoption at January 1, 2008. The Company has not applied the provisions of SFAS 157 to reporting units measured at fair value for the purposes of goodwill impairment testing or to indefinite-lived intangible assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment.
The Company’s adoption of SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008 had no impact on the financial condition or results of operations as of or for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The Company has complied with the disclosure requirements of SFAS 157 in Note F.

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SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159)
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, which provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. SFAS 159 helps to mitigate accounting-induced earnings volatility by enabling companies to report related assets and liabilities at fair value, which may reduce the need for companies to comply with detailed rules for hedge accounting. SFAS 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities.
SFAS 159 requires companies to provide additional information that will help investors and other users of financial statements to more easily understand the effect of the company’s choice to use fair value on its earnings. It also requires entities to display the fair value of those assets and liabilities for which the company has chosen to use fair value on the face of the balance sheet. The Company did not select the fair value option for any assets and liabilities currently held, and therefore the Company’s adoption of SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008 had no impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations as of or for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
Note C. Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share available to common stockholders is based on weighted average outstanding shares. Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, less than one million shares attributable to exercises under stock-based employee compensation plans were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they were antidilutive.
The computation of earnings per share is as follows.
Earnings Per Share
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions, except per share amounts)                
 
               
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders
  $ 188     $ 294  
 
           
 
               
Weighted average outstanding common stock and common stock equivalents
    270.7       271.3  
Effect of dilutive securities, employee stock options and appreciation rights
    0.1       0.3  
 
           
Adjusted weighted average outstanding common stock and common stock equivalents assuming conversions
    270.8       271.6  
 
           
 
               
Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations available to common stockholders
  $ 0.70     $ 1.08  
 
           

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Note D. Investments
The significant components of net investment income are presented in the following table.
Net Investment Income
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Fixed maturity securities
  $ 518     $ 496  
Short term investments
    39       50  
Limited partnerships
    (39 )     52  
Equity securities
    5       5  
Income (loss) from trading portfolio (a)
    (77 )     3  
Other
    6       10  
 
           
 
               
Gross investment income
    452       616  
Investment expense
    (18 )     (8 )
 
           
 
               
Net investment income
  $ 434     $ 608  
 
           
(a) The change in net unrealized gains (losses) on trading securities included in net investment income was $(13) million and $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
The components of realized investment results for available-for-sale securities are presented in the following table.
Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Fixed maturity securities:
               
U.S. Government bonds
  $ 32     $ 2  
Corporate and other taxable bonds
    (31 )     25  
Tax-exempt bonds
    40       (11 )
Asset-backed bonds
    (39 )     (33 )
Redeemable preferred stock
    (4 )      
 
           
 
               
Total fixed maturity securities
    (2 )     (17 )
Equity securities
    (15 )     3  
Derivative securities
    (44 )     (8 )
Short term investments
    2        
Other
    8       1  
 
           
 
               
Realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
  $ (51 )   $ (21 )
 
           
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses of $86 million were recorded primarily in the asset-backed bond sector. This compared to OTTI losses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 of $87 million recorded primarily in the asset-backed bonds and corporate and other taxable bonds sectors. The OTTI losses for the three months ended March 31, 2008 were primarily driven by credit issue related OTTI losses on securities for which the Company did not assert an intent to hold until an anticipated recovery in value. These OTTI losses were driven mainly by credit market conditions and the continued disruption caused by issues surrounding the sub-prime residential mortgage (sub-prime) crisis.
The Company’s investment policies emphasize high credit quality and diversification by industry, issuer and issue. Assets supporting interest rate sensitive liabilities are segmented within the general account to facilitate asset/liability duration management.

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The following tables provide a summary of fixed maturity and equity securities investments.
Summary of Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities
                                         
    Cost or     Gross     Gross Unrealized Losses     Estimated  
    Amortized     Unrealized     Less than     Greater than     Fair  
March 31, 2008   Cost     Gains     12 Months     12 Months     Value  
(In millions)                                        
 
                                       
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
                                       
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of government agencies
  $ 1,347     $ 121     $     $     $ 1,468  
Asset-backed securities
    11,116       77       543       318       10,332  
States, municipalities and political subdivisions — tax-exempt securities
    7,232       51       315       11       6,957  
Corporate bonds
    8,932       189       484       13       8,624  
Other debt securities
    3,924       170       157       3       3,934  
Redeemable preferred stock
    1,249       4       228             1,025  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
    33,800       612       1,727       345       32,340  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total fixed maturity securities trading
    156                         156  
 
                             
 
                                       
Equity securities available-for-sale:
                                       
Common stock
    242       192       2             432  
Preferred stock
    45             3             42  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total equity securities available-for-sale
    287       192       5             474  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total
  $ 34,243     $ 804     $ 1,732     $ 345     $ 32,970  
 
                             
Summary of Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities
                                         
    Cost or     Gross     Gross Unrealized Losses     Estimated  
    Amortized     Unrealized     Less than     Greater than     Fair  
December 31, 2007   Cost     Gains     12 Months     12 Months     Value  
(In millions)                                        
 
                                       
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
                                       
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of government agencies
  $ 594     $ 93     $     $     $ 687  
Asset-backed securities
    11,776       39       223       183       11,409  
States, municipalities and political subdivisions — tax-exempt securities
    7,615       144       82       2       7,675  
Corporate bonds
    8,867       246       149       12       8,952  
Other debt securities
    4,143       208       48       4       4,299  
Redeemable preferred stock
    1,216       2       160             1,058  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
    34,211       732       662       201       34,080  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total fixed maturity securities trading
    177                         177  
 
                             
 
                                       
Equity securities available-for-sale:
                                       
Common stock
    246       207       1             452  
Preferred stock
    120       7       11             116  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total equity securities available-for-sale
    366       214       12             568  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total
  $ 34,754     $ 946     $ 674     $ 201     $ 34,825  
 
                             

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The following table summarizes, for fixed maturity and equity securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time those securities have been continuously in an unrealized loss position.
Unrealized Loss Aging
                                 
    March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
            Gross             Gross  
    Estimated     Unrealized     Estimated     Unrealized  
    Fair Value     Loss     Fair Value     Loss  
(In millions)                                
 
                               
Fixed maturity securities:
                               
Investment grade:
                               
0-6 months
  $ 10,657     $ 756     $ 5,578     $ 357  
7-12 months
    2,581       643       1,689       221  
13-24 months
    613       110       690       57  
Greater than 24 months
    2,137       228       3,869       138  
 
                       
 
                               
Total investment grade
    15,988       1,737       11,826       773  
 
                       
 
Non-investment grade:
                               
0-6 months
    1,688       159       1,549       76  
7-12 months
    814       169       125       8  
13-24 months
    27       7       26       4  
Greater than 24 months
    2             8       2  
 
                       
 
                               
Total non-investment grade
    2,531       335       1,708       90  
 
                       
 
                               
Total fixed maturity securities
    18,519       2,072       13,534       863  
 
                       
 
                               
Equity securities:
                               
0-6 months
    56       4       98       12  
7-12 months
    13       1       1        
13-24 months
                       
Greater than 24 months
    3             3        
 
                       
 
                               
Total equity securities
    72       5       102       12  
 
                       
 
                               
Total fixed maturity and equity securities
  $ 18,591     $ 2,077     $ 13,636     $ 875  
 
                       
At March 31, 2008, the fair value of the general account fixed maturities was $32,496 million, representing 80% of the total investment portfolio. The unrealized position associated with the fixed maturity portfolio included $2,072 million in gross unrealized losses, consisting of asset-backed securities which represented 42%, corporate bonds which represented 24%, tax-exempt bonds which represented 16%, and all other fixed maturity securities which represented 18%. The gross unrealized loss for any single issuer was no greater than 0.2% of the carrying value of the total general account fixed maturity portfolio. The total fixed maturity portfolio gross unrealized losses included 1,922 securities which were, in aggregate, approximately 10% below amortized cost.
The gross unrealized losses on equity securities were $5 million, including 307 securities which were, in aggregate, approximately 7% below cost.
Given the current facts and circumstances, the Company has determined that the securities presented in the above unrealized gain/loss tables were temporarily impaired when evaluated at March 31, 2008 or December 31, 2007, and therefore no related realized losses were recorded. A discussion of some of the factors reviewed in making that determination as of March 31, 2008 is presented below.

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Asset-Backed Securities
The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in asset-backed securities were caused by a combination of factors related to the market disruption caused by credit concerns surrounding the sub-prime issue, but also extended into other asset-backed securities in the market and specifically in the Company’s portfolio.
The majority of the holdings in this category are collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs) typically collateralized with prime residential mortgages and corporate asset-backed structured securities. The holdings in these sectors include 588 securities in a gross unrealized loss position aggregating $858 million. Of these securities in a gross unrealized loss position, 52% are rated AAA, 15% are rated AA, 27% are rated A and 6% are rated BBB or lower. The aggregate severity of the unrealized loss was approximately 10% of amortized cost. The contractual cash flows on the asset-backed structured securities are passed through, but may be structured into classes of preference. The structured securities held are generally secured by over collateralization or default protection provided by subordinated tranches. Within this category, securities subject to Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets (EITF 99-20), are monitored for significant adverse changes in cash flow projections. If there are adverse changes in cash flows, the amount of accretable yield is prospectively adjusted and an OTTI loss is recognized. As of March 31, 2008, there was no adverse change in estimated cash flows noted for the securities in an unrealized loss position held subject to EITF 99-20, which have a gross unrealized loss of $206 million and an aggregate severity of the unrealized loss of approximately 37% of amortized cost. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, there were OTTI losses of $52 million recorded on asset-backed securities, $15 million of which related to EITF 99-20 securities.
The remainder of the holdings in this category includes mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by an agency of the U.S. Government. There were 187 agency mortgage-backed pass-through securities and 2 agency CMOs in an unrealized loss position aggregating $3 million as of March 31, 2008. The cumulative unrealized losses on these securities was approximately 3% of amortized cost. These securities do not tend to be influenced by the credit of the issuer but rather the characteristics and projected cash flows of the underlying collateral.
The Company believes the decline in fair value was primarily attributable to the market disruption caused by sub-prime related issues and other temporary market conditions. Because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until an anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company considers these investments to be temporarily impaired at March 31, 2008.
States, Municipalities and Political Subdivisions — Tax-Exempt Securities
The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in municipal securities were caused primarily by changes in credit spreads, and to a lesser extent, changes in interest rates. The Company invests in municipal securities as an asset class for economic benefits of the returns on the class compared to like after-tax returns on alternative classes. The holdings in this category include 499 securities in a gross unrealized loss position aggregating $326 million with 100% of these unrealized losses related to investment grade securities (rated BBB- or higher) where the cash flows are supported by the credit of the issuer. The aggregate severity of the unrealized losses were approximately 8% of amortized cost. Because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until an anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company considers these investments to be temporarily impaired at March 31, 2008. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, there were no OTTI losses recorded on municipal securities.
Corporate Bonds
The holdings in this category include 495 securities in a gross unrealized loss position aggregating $497 million. Of the unrealized losses in this category, 48% relate to securities rated as investment grade. The total holdings in this category are diversified across 11 industry sectors. The aggregate severity of the unrealized losses were approximately 9% of amortized cost. Within corporate bonds, the largest industry sectors were financial, consumer cyclical, communications and industrial, which as a percentage of total gross unrealized losses were approximately 32%, 18%, 16% and 12% at March 31, 2008. The decline in fair value was

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primarily attributable to deterioration in the broader credit markets that resulted in widening of credit spreads over risk free rates and macro conditions in certain sectors that the market viewed as out of favor. Because the decline was not related to specific credit quality issues, and because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until an anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company considers these investments to be temporarily impaired at March 31, 2008. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, there were OTTI losses of $10 million recorded on corporate bonds.
Redeemable Preferred Stock
The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in redeemable preferred stock were caused by similar factors as those that affected the Company’s corporate bond portfolio. The holdings in this category have been adversely impacted by significant credit spread widening brought on by a combination of factors in the capital markets. Many of the securities in this category have fallen out of favor in the current market conditions. Approximately 70% of the gross unrealized losses in this category come from securities issued by diversified financial institutions, 28% from government agency issued securities and 2% from utilities. The holdings in this category include 44 securities in a gross unrealized loss position aggregating $228 million. Of these securities in a gross unrealized loss position, 28% are rated AA, 60% are rated A, 9% are rated BBB and 3% are rated lower than BBB. The Company believes the decline in fair value was primarily attributable to deterioration in the broader credit markets that resulted in widening of credit spreads over risk free rates and macro conditions in certain sectors that the market viewed as out of favor. Because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until an anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company considers these investments to be temporarily impaired at March 31, 2008. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, there were OTTI losses of $5 million recorded on redeemable preferred stock.
Investment Commitments
As of March 31, 2008, the Company had committed approximately $448 million to future capital calls from various third-party limited partnership investments in exchange for an ownership interest in the related partnerships.
The Company invests in multiple bank loan participations as part of its overall investment strategy and has committed to additional future purchases and sales. The purchase and sale of these investments are recorded on the date that the legal agreements are finalized and cash settlement is made. As of March 31, 2008 the Company had commitments to purchase $33 million and sell $2 million of various bank loan participations. When loan participation purchases are settled and recorded they may contain both funded and unfunded amounts. An unfunded loan represents an obligation by the Company to provide additional amounts under the terms of the loan participation. The funded portions are reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, while any unfunded amounts are not recorded until a draw is made under the loan facility. As of March 31, 2008, the Company had obligations on unfunded bank loan participations in the amount of $20 million.

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Note E. Derivative Financial Instruments
A summary of the recognized gains (losses) related to derivative financial instruments held at March 31, 2008 and 2007 follows.
Recognized Gains (Losses)
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
General account
               
Without hedge designation
               
Swaps
  $ (22 )   $ (7 )
Futures sold, not yet purchased
    (21 )      
Currency forwards
    (1 )     (1 )
 
               
Trading activities
               
Futures purchased
    (72 )     (5 )
Currency forwards
    1        
 
           
 
               
Total
  $ (115 )   $ (13 )
 
           
A summary of the aggregate contractual or notional amounts and estimated fair values related to derivative financial instruments follows. The contractual or notional amounts for derivatives are used to calculate the exchange of contractual payments under the agreements and are not representative of the potential for gain or loss on these instruments.
Derivative Financial Instruments
                 
            Estimated  
    Contractual/     Fair Value  
    Notional     Asset  
March 31, 2008   Amount     (Liability)  
(In millions)                
 
               
General account
               
Without hedge designation
               
Swaps
  $ 980     $ (84 )
Futures sold, not yet purchased
    891       (3 )
Currency forwards
    25       (1 )
Equity warrants
    4       2  
Options embedded in convertible debt securities
    3        
 
               
Trading activities
               
Futures purchased
    725       2  
Currency forwards
    42       1  
Futures sold, not yet purchased
    126        
 
           
 
               
Total general account
  $ 2,796     $ (83 )
 
           

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Derivative Financial Instruments
                 
            Estimated  
    Contractual/     Fair Value  
    Notional     Asset  
December 31, 2007   Amount     (Liability)  
(In millions)                
 
               
General account
               
Without hedge designation
               
Swaps
  $ 1,605     $  
Equity warrants
    4       2  
Options embedded in convertible debt securities
    3        
 
               
Trading activities
               
Futures purchased
    791       (4 )
Futures sold, not yet purchased
    135        
Currency forwards
    44       1  
 
           
 
               
Total general account
  $ 2,582     $ (1 )
 
           
The Company does not offset its net derivative positions against the fair value of the collateral provided or collateral received. The fair value of collateral provided, consisting primarily of cash, was $101 million and $64 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The fair value of collateral received, consisting primarily of cash, was $10 million at December 31, 2007. The Company held no collateral at March 31, 2008.
Options embedded in convertible debt securities are classified as Fixed maturity securities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, consistent with the host instruments.

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Note F. Fair Value
Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1, as these are the most transparent or reliable.
Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.
Level 3 — Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.
The Company is responsible for the valuation process and as part of this process may use data from outside sources in establishing fair value. The Company performs due diligence to understand the inputs used or how the data was calculated or derived. The Company corroborates the reasonableness of external inputs in the valuation process.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.
                                 
                            Total  
                            Assets/Liabilities  
March 31, 2008    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     at fair value  
(In millions)                        
 
                               
Assets
                               
Fixed maturity securities
  $ 2,306     $ 27,945     $ 2,245     $ 32,496  
Equity securities
    239       42       193       474  
Derivative financial instruments, included in Other invested assets
    1             2       3  
Short term investments
    2,268       2,994       85       5,347  
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets
                118       118  
Discontinued operations investments, included in Other assets
    52       95       41       188  
Separate account business
    41       371       47       459  
 
                       
Total assets
  $ 4,907     $ 31,447     $ 2,731     $ 39,085  
 
                       
 
                               
Liabilities
                               
Derivative financial instruments, included in Other liabilities
  $ (1 )   $     $ (84 )   $ (85 )
 
                       
Total liabilities
  $ (1 )   $     $ (84 )   $ (85 )
 
                       

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The table below presents a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
                                                                 
                    Derivative                                     Derivative  
    Fixed             financial                     Discontinued     Separate     financial  
    maturity     Equity     instruments     Short term     Life settlement     operations     account     instruments  
Level 3   securities     securities     (Assets)     investments     contracts     investments     business     (Liabilities)  
(In millions)                                                
 
                                                               
Balance at January 1, 2008
  $ 2,684     $ 196     $ 38     $ 85     $ 115     $ 42     $ 30     $ (36 )
Total net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation):
                                                               
Included in net income
    (38 )     (2 )     24             18                   (46 )
Included in other comprehensive income
    (215 )     (1 )                                    
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements
    (5 )           (60 )           (15 )     (1 )     (3 )     (2 )
Net transfers in (out) of Level 3
    (181 )                                   20        
 
                                               
Balance at March 31, 2008
  $ 2,245     $ 193     $ 2     $ 85     $ 118     $ 41     $ 47     $ (84 )
 
                                               
The table below summarizes gains and losses due to changes in fair value, including both realized and unrealized gains and losses, recorded in net income for Level 3 assets and liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
                                                 
                    Derivative             Derivative        
    Fixed             financial             financial        
Level 3   maturity     Equity     instruments     Life settlement     instruments        
(In millions)   securities     securities     (Assets)     contracts     (Liabilities)     Total  
 
                                               
Classification of net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
                                               
Net investment income
  $ 3     $     $     $     $     $ 3  
Realized investment gains (losses)
    (41 )     (2 )     24             (46 )     (65 )
Other revenues
                      18             18  
 
                                   
Total
  $ (38 )   $ (2 )   $ 24     $ 18     $ (46 )   $ (44 )
 
                                   
The table below summarizes changes in unrealized gains or losses recorded in net income for the three months ended March 31, 2008 for Level 3 assets and liabilities still held at March 31, 2008.
                                                 
                    Derivative             Derivative        
    Fixed             financial             financial        
    maturity     Equity     instruments     Life settlement     instruments        
Level 3   securities     securities     (Assets)     contracts     (Liabilities)     Total  
(In millions)                                    
 
                                               
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) recorded in net income for securities held at March 31, 2008
                                               
Net investment income
  $ (1 )   $     $     $     $     $ (1 )
Realized investment gains (losses)
    (43 )     (2 )     (36 )           (48 )     (129 )
Other revenues
                      4             4  
 
                                   
Total
  $ (44 )   $ (2 )   $ (36 )   $ 4     $ (48 )   $ (126 )
 
                                   

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The following section describes the valuation methodologies used to measure different financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which the instrument is generally classified.
Fixed Maturity Securities
Level 1 securities include highly liquid government bonds for which quoted market prices are available. The remaining fixed maturity securities are valued using pricing for similar securities, recently executed transactions, cash flow models with yield curves, broker/dealer quotes and other pricing models utilizing observable inputs. The valuation for most fixed income securities, excluding government bonds, is classified as Level 2. Securities within Level 2 include certain corporate bonds, municipal bonds, asset-backed securities, mortgage-backed pass-through securities and redeemable preferred stock. Securities are generally assigned to Level 3 in cases where broker/dealer quotes are significant inputs to the valuation and there is a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace. Of the Level 3 securities, approximately 1% were valued exclusively by internal models with no external pricing corroboration. Level 3 securities include certain corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, municipal bonds and redeemable preferred stock.
Equity Securities
Level 1 securities include publicly traded securities valued using quoted market prices.
Level 3 securities include one equity security, which represents 87% of the total, in an entity which is not publicly traded and is valued based on a discounted cash flow analysis model, which is adjusted for the Company’s assumption regarding an inherent lack of liquidity in the security. The remaining equity securities are primarily valued using inputs including broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Exchange traded derivatives are valued using quoted market prices and are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, principally credit default swaps, currency forwards and options, represent the present value of amounts estimated to be received from or paid to a marketplace participant in settlement of these instruments. They are valued using inputs including broker/dealer quotes and are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy due to a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace.
Short Term Investments
The valuation of securities that are actively traded or have quoted prices are classified as Level 1. These securities include money market funds and treasury bills. Level 2 includes commercial paper, for which all inputs are observable. Certificates of deposit are classified within Level 3 as the Company’s market assumptions regarding credit risk are not observable.
Life Settlement Contracts
The fair values of life settlement contracts were estimated using discounted cash flows based on the Company’s own assumptions for mortality, premium expense, and the rate of return that a buyer would require on the contracts, as no comparable market pricing data is available.

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Discontinued Operations Investments
Assets relating to CNA’s discontinued operations include fixed maturity securities, equities and short term investments. The valuation methodologies for these asset types have been described above.
Separate Account Business
Separate account business includes fixed maturity securities, equities and short term investments. The valuation methodologies for these asset types have been described above.
Note G. Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
CNA’s property and casualty insurance claim and claim adjustment expense reserves represent the estimated amounts necessary to resolve all outstanding claims, including claims that are incurred but not reported (IBNR) as of the reporting date. The Company’s reserve projections are based primarily on detailed analysis of the facts in each case, CNA’s experience with similar cases and various historical development patterns. Consideration is given to such historical patterns as field reserving trends and claims settlement practices, loss payments, pending levels of unpaid claims and product mix, as well as court decisions, economic conditions and public attitudes. All of these factors can affect the estimation of claim and claim adjustment expense reserves.
Establishing claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for catastrophic events that have occurred, is an estimation process. Many factors can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the necessary reserve. Changes in the law, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates can all affect ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably estimable than long-tail claims, such as general liability and professional liability claims. Adjustments to prior year reserve estimates, if necessary, are reflected in the results of operations in the period that the need for such adjustments is determined.
Catastrophes are an inherent risk of the property and casualty insurance business and have contributed to material period-to-period fluctuations in the Company’s results of operations and/or equity. Catastrophe losses, net of reinsurance, were $53 million and $32 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. Catastrophe losses in the first quarter of 2008 related primarily to tornadoes. Catastrophe losses in the first quarter of 2007 related primarily to tornadoes and winter storms. There can be no assurance that CNA’s ultimate cost for catastrophes will not exceed current estimates.
The following provides discussion of the Company’s Asbestos and Environmental Pollution (A&E) reserves.
A&E Reserves
CNA’s property and casualty insurance subsidiaries have actual and potential exposures related to A&E claims. The following table provides data related to CNA’s A&E claim and claim adjustment expense reserves.
                                 
A&E Reserves            
    March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
            Environmental             Environmental  
    Asbestos     Pollution     Asbestos     Pollution  
(In millions)                                
 
                               
Gross reserves
  $ 2,269     $ 346     $ 2,352     $ 367  
Ceded reserves
    (994 )     (123 )     (1,030 )     (125 )
 
                       
 
                               
Net reserves
  $ 1,275     $ 223     $ 1,322     $ 242  
 
                       

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Asbestos
The Company recorded $2 million of unfavorable asbestos-related net claim and claim adjustment expense reserve development for the three months ended March 31, 2008. There was no asbestos-related net claim and claim adjustment expense reserve development recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The Company paid asbestos-related claims, net of reinsurance recoveries, of $49 million and $64 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
The ultimate cost of reported claims, and in particular A&E claims, is subject to a great many uncertainties, including future developments of various kinds that CNA does not control and that are difficult or impossible to foresee accurately. With respect to the litigation identified below in particular, numerous factual and legal issues remain unresolved. Rulings on those issues by the courts are critical to the evaluation of the ultimate cost to the Company. The outcome of the litigation cannot be predicted with any reliability. Accordingly, the extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued are not readily determinable at this time.
Some asbestos-related defendants have asserted that their insurance policies are not subject to aggregate limits on coverage. CNA has such claims from a number of insureds. Some of these claims involve insureds facing exhaustion of products liability aggregate limits in their policies, who have asserted that their asbestos-related claims fall within so-called “non-products” liability coverage contained within their policies rather than products liability coverage, and that the claimed “non-products” coverage is not subject to any aggregate limit. It is difficult to predict the ultimate size of any of the claims for coverage purportedly not subject to aggregate limits or predict to what extent, if any, the attempts to assert “non-products” claims outside the products liability aggregate will succeed. CNA’s policies also contain other limits applicable to these claims and the Company has additional coverage defenses to certain claims. CNA has attempted to manage its asbestos exposure by aggressively seeking to settle claims on acceptable terms. There can be no assurance that any of these settlement efforts will be successful, or that any such claims can be settled on terms acceptable to CNA. Where the Company cannot settle a claim on acceptable terms, CNA aggressively litigates the claim. However, adverse developments with respect to such matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and/or equity.
Certain asbestos claim litigation in which CNA is currently engaged is described below:
On February 13, 2003, CNA announced it had resolved asbestos-related coverage litigation and claims involving A.P. Green Industries, A.P. Green Services and Bigelow — Liptak Corporation. Under the agreement, CNA is required to pay $70 million, net of reinsurance recoveries, over a ten year period commencing after the final approval of a bankruptcy plan of reorganization. The settlement received initial bankruptcy court approval on August 18, 2003. The debtor’s plan of reorganization includes an injunction to protect CNA from any future claims. The bankruptcy court issued an opinion on September 24, 2007 recommending confirmation of that plan. Several insurers have appealed that ruling; that appeal is pending at this time.
CNA is engaged in insurance coverage litigation in New York State Court, filed in 2003, with a defendant class of underlying plaintiffs who have asbestos bodily injury claims against the former Robert A. Keasbey Company (Keasbey) (Continental Casualty Co. v. Employers Ins. of Wausau et al., No. 601037/03 (N.Y. County)). Keasbey, a currently dissolved corporation, was a seller and installer of asbestos-containing insulation products in New York and New Jersey. Thousands of plaintiffs have filed bodily injury claims against Keasbey. However, under New York court rules, asbestos claims are not cognizable unless they meet certain minimum medical impairment standards. Since 2002, when these court rules were adopted, only a small portion of such claims have met medical impairment criteria under New York court rules and as to the remaining claims, Keasbey’s involvement at a number of work sites is a highly contested issue.
CNA issued Keasbey primary policies for 1970-1987 and excess policies for 1971-1978. CNA has paid an amount substantially equal to the policies’ aggregate limits for products and completed operations claims in the confirmed CNA policies. Claimants against Keasbey allege, among other things, that CNA owes coverage under sections of the policies not subject to the aggregate limits, an allegation CNA vigorously contests in the lawsuit. In the litigation, CNA and the claimants seek declaratory relief as to the interpretation of various

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policy provisions. On May 8, 2007, the Court in the first phase of the trial held that all of CNA’s primary policy products aggregates were exhausted and that past products liability claims could not be recharacterized as operations claims. The Court also found that while operations claims would not be subject to products aggregates, such claims could be made only against the policies in effect when the claimants were exposed to asbestos from Keasbey operations. These holdings limit CNA’s exposure to those instances where Keasbey used asbestos in operations between 1970 and 1987. Keasbey largely ceased using asbestos in its operations in the early 1970’s. CNA noticed an appeal to the Appellate Division to challenge certain aspects of the Court’s ruling. Other insurer parties to the litigation also filed separate notices of appeal to the Court’s ruling. The appeal was fully briefed and was argued on December 6, 2007. Numerous legal issues remain to be resolved on appeal with respect to coverage that are critical to the final result, which cannot be predicted with any reliability. Accordingly, the extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued are not readily determinable at this time.
CNA has insurance coverage disputes related to asbestos bodily injury claims against a bankrupt insured, Burns & Roe Enterprises, Inc. (Burns & Roe). These disputes are currently part of coverage litigation (stayed in view of the bankruptcy) and an adversary proceeding in In re: Burns & Roe Enterprises, Inc., pending in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Jersey, No. 00-41610. Burns & Roe provided engineering and related services in connection with construction projects. At the time of its bankruptcy filing, on December 4, 2000, Burns & Roe asserted that it faced approximately 11,000 claims alleging bodily injury resulting from exposure to asbestos as a result of construction projects in which Burns & Roe was involved. CNA allegedly provided primary liability coverage to Burns & Roe from 1956-1969 and 1971-1974, along with certain project-specific policies from 1964-1970. On December 5, 2005, Burns & Roe filed its Third Amended Plan of Reorganization (“Plan”). In September of 2007, CNA entered into an agreement with Burns & Roe, the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors appointed by the Bankruptcy Court and the Future Claims Representative (the “Addendum”), which provides that claims allegedly covered by CNA policies will be adjudicated in the tort system, with any coverage disputes related to those claims to be decided in coverage litigation. On September 14, 2007, Burns & Roe moved the bankruptcy court for approval of the Addendum pursuant to Bankruptcy Rule 9019. After several extensions, the hearing on that motion is currently set for May 7, 2008. If approved, Burns & Roe has agreed to include the Addendum in the proposed plan, which will be the subject of a later confirmation hearing. With respect to both confirmation of the Plan and coverage issues, numerous factual and legal issues remain to be resolved that are critical to the final result, the outcome of which cannot be predicted with any reliability. These factors include, among others: (a) whether the Company has any further responsibility to compensate claimants against Burns & Roe under its policies and, if so, under which; (b) whether the Company’s responsibilities under its policies extend to a particular claimant’s entire claim or only to a limited percentage of the claim; (c) whether the Company’s responsibilities under its policies are limited by the occurrence limits or other provisions of the policies; (d) whether certain exclusions, including professional liability exclusions, in some of the Company’s policies apply to exclude certain claims; (e) the extent to which claimants can establish exposure to asbestos materials as to which Burns & Roe has any responsibility; (f) the legal theories which must be pursued by such claimants to establish the liability of Burns & Roe and whether such theories can, in fact, be established; (g) the diseases and damages alleged by such claimants; (h) the extent that any liability of Burns & Roe would be shared with other potentially responsible parties; and (i) the impact of bankruptcy proceedings on claims and coverage issue resolution. Accordingly, the extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued are not readily determinable at this time.
Suits have also been initiated directly against the CNA companies and numerous other insurers in two jurisdictions: Texas and Montana. Approximately 80 lawsuits were filed in Texas beginning in 2002, against two CNA companies and numerous other insurers and non-insurer corporate defendants asserting liability for failing to warn of the dangers of asbestos (E.g. Boson v. Union Carbide Corp., (Nueces County, Texas)). During 2003, several of the Texas suits were dismissed and while certain of the Texas courts’ rulings were appealed, plaintiffs later dismissed their appeals. A different Texas court, however, denied similar motions seeking dismissal. After that court denied a related challenge to jurisdiction, the insurers transferred the case, among others, to a state multi-district litigation court in Harris County charged with handling asbestos cases. In February 2006, the insurers petitioned the appellate court in Houston for an order of mandamus, requiring the multi-district litigation court to dismiss the case on jurisdictional and substantive grounds. In November 2007, based on a letter from the appellate court, the insurers gave the multi-district litigation court an opportunity to

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reconsider the original court’s action, but the court declined to do so on the grounds that the plaintiffs’ case had become inactive due to the failure to file qualifying medical reports and that the court was barred from taking any action while the case was on its inactive docket. On February 29, 2008, the appellate court denied the insurers’ mandamus petition. The appellate court thus did not disturb the multi-district litigation court’s determination that the case remained on its inactive docket and that no further action can be taken unless qualifying reports are filed or the filing of such reports is waived. With respect to the cases that are still pending in Texas, numerous factual and legal issues remain to be resolved that are critical to the final result, the outcome of which cannot be predicted with any reliability. These factors include: (a) the speculative nature and unclear scope of any alleged duties owed to individuals exposed to asbestos and the resulting uncertainty as to the potential pool of potential claimants; (b) the fact that imposing such duties on all insurer and non-insurer corporate defendants would be unprecedented and, therefore, the legal boundaries of recovery are difficult to estimate; (c) the fact that many of the claims brought to date are barred by the Statute of Limitations and it is unclear whether future claims would also be barred; (d) the unclear nature of the required nexus between the acts of the defendants and the right of any particular claimant to recovery; and (e) the existence of hundreds of co-defendants in some of the suits and the applicability of the legal theories pled by the claimants to thousands of potential defendants. Accordingly, the extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued is not readily determinable at this time.
On March 22, 2002, a direct action was filed in Montana (Pennock, et al. v. Maryland Casualty, et al. First Judicial District Court of Lewis & Clark County, Montana) by eight individual plaintiffs (all employees of W.R. Grace & Co. (W.R. Grace)) and their spouses against CNA, Maryland Casualty and the State of Montana. This action alleges that the carriers failed to warn of or otherwise protect W.R. Grace employees from the dangers of asbestos at a W.R. Grace vermiculite mining facility in Libby, Montana. The Montana direct action is currently stayed because of W.R. Grace’s pending bankruptcy. On April 7, 2008, W.R. Grace announced a settlement in principle with the asbestos personal injury claimants committee subject to confirmation of a plan of reorganization by the bankruptcy court. It is unknown when the confirmation hearing might take place. The settlement in principle with the asbestos claimants has no present impact on the stay currently imposed on the Montana direct action and with respect to such claims, numerous factual and legal issues remain to be resolved that are critical to the final result, the outcome of which cannot be predicted with any reliability. These factors include: (a) the unclear nature and scope of any alleged duties owed to people exposed to asbestos and the resulting uncertainty as to the potential pool of potential claimants; (b) the potential application of Statutes of Limitation to many of the claims which may be made depending on the nature and scope of the alleged duties; (c) the unclear nature of the required nexus between the acts of the defendants and the right of any particular claimant to recovery; (d) the diseases and damages claimed by such claimants; (e) the extent that such liability would be shared with other potentially responsible parties; and (f) the impact of bankruptcy proceedings on claims resolution. Accordingly, the extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued are not readily determinable at this time.
CNA is vigorously defending these and other cases and believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted. However, there are numerous factual and legal issues to be resolved in connection with these claims, and it is extremely difficult to predict the outcome or ultimate financial exposure represented by these matters. Adverse developments with respect to any of these matters could have a material adverse effect on CNA’s business, insurer financial strength and debt ratings, results of operations and/or equity.
Environmental Pollution
There was no environmental pollution net claim and claim adjustment expense reserve development recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. The Company paid environmental pollution-related claims, net of reinsurance recoveries, of $19 million and $8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.

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Net Prior Year Development
The development presented below includes premium development due to its direct relationship to claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development. The development presented below excludes the impact of the provision for uncollectible reinsurance, but includes the impact of commutations.
The following tables include the net prior year development recorded for Standard Lines, Specialty Lines and Corporate & Other Non-Core for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
Net Prior Year Development
Three months ended March 31, 2008
                                 
                    Corporate        
    Standard     Specialty     & Other        
    Lines     Lines     Non-Core     Total  
(In millions)                        
 
                               
Pretax unfavorable (favorable) net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development:
                               
 
                               
Core (Non-A&E)
  $ (35 )   $ 17     $ 3     $ (15 )
A&E
                2       2  
 
                       
 
                               
Pretax unfavorable (favorable) net prior year development before impact of premium development
    (35 )     17       5       (13 )
 
                       
 
                               
Pretax unfavorable (favorable) premium development
    9       (19 )     (1 )     (11 )
 
                       
 
                               
Total pretax unfavorable (favorable) net prior year development
  $ (26 )   $ (2 )   $ 4     $ (24 )
 
                       
 
Net Prior Year Development
Three months ended March 31, 2007
 
                    Corporate        
    Standard     Specialty     & Other        
    Lines     Lines     Non-Core     Total  
(In millions)                        
 
                               
Pretax unfavorable (favorable) net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development:
                               
 
                               
Core (Non-A&E)
  $ 13     $ 7     $     $ 20  
A&E
                       
 
                       
 
                               
Pretax unfavorable (favorable) net prior year development before impact of premium development
    13       7             20  
 
                       
 
                               
Pretax unfavorable (favorable) premium development
    (26 )     (10 )     2       (34 )
 
                       
 
                               
Total pretax unfavorable (favorable) net prior year development
  $ (13 )   $ (3 )   $ 2     $ (14 )
 
                       

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2008 Net Prior Year Development
Standard Lines
Approximately $20 million of favorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development was recorded in property coverages. This favorable development was due to lower than expected frequency in accident year 2007 and favorable outcomes on several individual claims in accident years 2006 and prior.
Approximately $23 million of favorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development was recorded in general liability due to favorable outcomes on individual claims causing lower severity in accident years 2003 and prior.
Approximately $24 million of unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development was recorded in excess workers’ compensation due to higher than expected frequency and severity in accident years 2003 and prior. This is a result of continued claim cost inflation in older accident years, driven by increasing medical inflation and advances in medical care.
Specialty Lines
Approximately $10 million of favorable premium development was recorded due to a change in ultimate premiums within a foreign affiliate’s property and financial lines. This was offset by approximately $9 million of related unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development.
2007 Net Prior Year Development
Standard Lines
Approximately $42 million of favorable premium development was recorded mainly due to additional premium resulting from audits on recent policies related to workers’ compensation and general liability books of business. This was offset by approximately $27 million of unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development.
Approximately $16 million of unfavorable premium development was recorded due to the change in the Company’s exposure related to its participation in involuntary pools. This unfavorable premium development was partially offset by $9 million of favorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development.
Note H. Legal Proceedings and Contingent Liabilities
Insurance Brokerage Antitrust Litigation
On August 1, 2005, CNAF and several of its insurance subsidiaries were joined as defendants, along with other insurers and brokers, in multidistrict litigation pending in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, In re Insurance Brokerage Antitrust Litigation, Civil No. 04-5184 (FSH). The plaintiffs allege bid rigging and improprieties in the payment of contingent commissions in connection with the sale of insurance that violated federal and state antitrust laws, the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act and state common law. After discovery, the Court dismissed the federal antitrust claims and the RICO claims, and declined to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the state law claims. The plaintiffs have appealed the dismissal of their complaint to the Third Circuit Court of Appeals. At present, the parties are briefing the appeal. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to this action and intends to defend the case vigorously.
The extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued are not readily determinable at this time. However, based on facts and circumstances presently known, in the opinion of management, an unfavorable outcome will not materially affect the equity of the Company, although results of operations may be adversely affected.

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Global Crossing Limited Litigation
CCC has been named as a defendant in an action brought by the bankruptcy estate of Global Crossing Limited (Global Crossing) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, Global Crossing Estate Representative, for itself and as the Liquidating Trustee of the Global Crossing Liquidating Trust v. Gary Winnick, et al., Case No. 04 Civ. 2558 (GEL). In the complaint, plaintiff seeks unspecified monetary damages from CCC and the other defendants for alleged fraudulent transfers and alleged breaches of fiduciary duties arising from actions taken by Global Crossing while CCC was a shareholder of Global Crossing. The Court dismissed some of the claims against CCC as a matter of law. The remainder of the case is now in discovery. CCC believes it has meritorious defenses to the remaining claims in this action and intends to defend the case vigorously.
The extent of losses beyond any amounts that may be accrued are not readily determinable at this time. However, based on facts and circumstances presently known, in the opinion of management, an unfavorable outcome will not materially affect the equity of the Company, although results of operations may be adversely affected.
California Long Term Care Litigation
Shaffer v. Continental Casualty Company, et al., U.S. District Court, Central District of California, CV06-2235 RGK, is a class action on behalf of certain California individual long term health care policyholders, alleging that CCC and CNAF knowingly or negligently used unrealistic actuarial assumptions in pricing these policies. On January 8, 2008, CCC, CNAF and the plaintiffs entered into a binding agreement settling the case on a nationwide basis for the policy forms potentially affected by the allegations of the complaint. The settlement agreement has received the Court’s preliminary approval, the required legal notices have been issued and a final fairness hearing will be held in May, 2008. The agreement did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, however it still remains subject to the Court’s final approval.
Asbestos and Environmental Pollution (A&E) Reserves
The Company is also a party to litigation and claims related to A&E cases arising in the ordinary course of business. See Note G for further discussion.
Other Litigation
The Company is also a party to other litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Based on the facts and circumstances currently known, such other litigation will not, in the opinion of management, materially affect the equity or results of operations of the Company.
Note I. Benefit Plans
Pension and Postretirement Healthcare and Life Insurance Benefit Plans
CNAF and certain subsidiaries sponsor noncontributory pension plans typically covering full-time employees age 21 or over who have completed at least one year of service. In 2000, the CNA Retirement Plan was closed to new participants; instead, retirement benefits are provided to these employees under the Company’s savings plans. While the terms of the pension plans vary, benefits are generally based on years of credited service and the employee’s highest 60 consecutive months of compensation. CNA uses December 31 as the measurement date for all of its plans.
CNA’s funding policy for defined benefit pension plans is to make contributions in accordance with applicable governmental regulatory requirements with consideration of the funded status of the plans. The assets of the plans are invested primarily in corporate mortgage-backed securities, limited partnerships, equity securities, and short term investments.
CNA provides certain healthcare and life insurance benefits to eligible retired employees, their covered dependents and their beneficiaries. The funding for these plans is generally to pay covered expenses as they are incurred.

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The components of net periodic benefit costs are presented in the following table.
Net Periodic Benefit Costs
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)            
 
               
Pension benefits
               
Service cost
  $ 6     $ 7  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
    36       38  
Expected return on plan assets
    (45 )     (43 )
Actuarial loss amortization
    1       4  
 
           
 
               
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)
  $ (2 )   $ 6  
 
           
 
               
Postretirement benefits
               
Service cost
  $ 1     $ 1  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
    2       2  
Prior service cost amortization
    (4 )     (5 )
Actuarial loss amortization
          1  
 
           
 
               
Net periodic postretirement (benefit)
  $ (1 )   $ (1 )
 
           
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, $10 million of contributions have been made to the pension plans and $3 million to the postretirement healthcare and life insurance benefit plans. CNA plans to contribute an additional $21 million to the pension plans and $8 million to the postretirement healthcare and life insurance benefit plans during the remainder of 2008.
Note J. Operating Leases, Other Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees
Operating Leases
The Company is obligated to make future payments totaling approximately $245 million for non-cancelable operating leases primarily for office space, office and transportation equipment. Estimated future minimum payments under these contracts are as follows: $35 million in 2008; $44 million in 2009; $40 million in 2010; $34 million in 2011; $29 million in 2012; and $63 million in 2013 and beyond.
The Company holds an investment in a real estate joint venture. In the normal course of business, CNA, on a joint and several basis with other unrelated insurance company shareholders, has committed to continue funding the operating deficits of this joint venture. Additionally, CNA and the other unrelated shareholders, on a joint and several basis, have guaranteed an operating lease for an office building, which expires in 2016. The guarantee of the operating lease is a parallel guarantee to the commitment to fund operating deficits; consequently, the separate guarantee to the lessor is not expected to be triggered as long as the joint venture continues to be funded by its shareholders and continues to make its annual lease payments.
In the event that the other parties to the joint venture are unable to meet their commitments in funding the operations of this joint venture, the Company would be required to assume the obligation for the entire office building operating lease. The maximum potential future lease payments at March 31, 2008 that the Company could be required to pay under this guarantee are approximately $205 million. If CNA were required to assume the entire lease obligation, the Company would have the right to pursue reimbursement from the other shareholders and would have the right to all sublease revenues.
Other Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, CNA has provided letters of credit in favor of various unaffiliated insurance companies, regulatory authorities and other entities. At March 31, 2008 there were approximately $6 million of outstanding letters of credit.
The Company has entered into a limited number of guaranteed payment contracts, primarily relating to software and telecommunication services, amounting to approximately $21 million as of March 31, 2008.

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Estimated future minimum payments under these contracts are $18 million in 2008; $2 million in 2009 and $1 million in 2010.
Guarantees
In the course of selling business entities and assets to third parties, the Company has agreed to indemnify purchasers for losses arising out of breaches of representation and warranties with respect to the business entities or assets being sold, including, in certain cases, losses arising from undisclosed liabilities or certain named litigation. Such indemnification provisions generally survive for periods ranging from nine months following the applicable closing date to the expiration of the relevant statutes of limitation. As of March 31, 2008, the aggregate amount of quantifiable indemnification agreements in effect for sales of business entities, assets and third party loans was $873 million.
In addition, the Company has agreed to provide indemnification to third party purchasers for certain losses associated with sold business entities or assets that are not limited by a contractual monetary amount. As of March 31, 2008, the Company had outstanding unlimited indemnifications in connection with the sales of certain of its business entities or assets that included tax liabilities arising prior to a purchaser’s ownership of an entity or asset, defects in title at the time of sale, employee claims arising prior to closing and in some cases losses arising from certain litigation and undisclosed liabilities. These indemnification agreements survive until the applicable statutes of limitation expire, or until the agreed upon contract terms expire. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company has recorded approximately $24 million and $27 million of liabilities related to these indemnification agreements.
In connection with the issuance of preferred securities by CNA Surety Capital Trust I, CNA Surety issued a guarantee of $75 million to guarantee the payment by CNA Surety Capital Trust I of annual dividends of $1.5 million over 30 years and redemption of $30 million of preferred securities.

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Note K. Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of comprehensive income (loss) are shown below.
                 
Comprehensive Income (Loss)            
             
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Net income
  $ 187     $ 296  
 
           
 
               
Other comprehensive income (loss):
               
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on general account investments:
               
Holding gains (losses) arising during the period, net of tax (expense) benefit of $462 and $(28)
    (853 )     52  
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income, net of tax expense (benefit) of $11 and $20
    (20 )     (35 )
 
           
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on general account investments, net of tax (expense) benefit of $473 and ($8)
    (873 )     17  
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on discontinued operations and other, net of tax (expense) benefit of $1 and ($1)
    4       1  
Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment
    (11 )     (7 )
Net change related to pensions and postretirement benefits, net of tax (expense) benefit of $1 and ($1)
    (2 )     4  
Allocation to participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    16       (1 )
 
           
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (expense) benefit of $475 and ($10)
    (866 )     14  
 
           
 
               
Total comprehensive income (loss)
  $ (679 )   $ 310  
 
           
Note L. Business Segments
CNA’s core property and casualty commercial insurance operations are reported in two business segments: Standard Lines and Specialty Lines. CNA’s non-core operations are managed in two segments: Life & Group Non-Core and Corporate & Other Non-Core.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note A of the Consolidated Financial Statements within CNA’s Form 10-K. The Company manages most of its assets on a legal entity basis, while segment operations are conducted across legal entities. As such, only insurance and reinsurance receivables, insurance reserves and deferred acquisition costs are readily identifiable by individual segment. Distinct investment portfolios are not maintained for each segment; accordingly, allocation of assets to each segment is not performed. Therefore, net investment income and realized investment gains or losses are allocated primarily based on each segment’s net carried insurance reserves, as adjusted. Income taxes have been allocated on the basis of the taxable income of the segments.
In the following tables, certain financial measures are presented to provide information used by management to monitor the Company’s operating performance. Management utilizes these financial measures to monitor the Company’s insurance operations and investment portfolio. Net operating income, which is derived from certain income statement amounts, is used by management to monitor performance of the Company’s insurance operations. The Company’s investment portfolio is monitored through analysis of various quantitative and qualitative factors and certain decisions related to the sale or impairment of investments that produce realized gains and losses. Net realized investment gains and losses are comprised of after-tax realized investment gains and losses net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests.

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Net operating income is calculated by excluding from net income the after-tax effects of 1) net realized investment gains or losses, 2) income or loss from discontinued operations and 3) any cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles. In the calculation of net operating income, management excludes after-tax net realized investment gains or losses because net realized investment gains or losses related to the Company’s investment portfolio are largely discretionary, except for losses related to other-than-temporary impairments, are generally driven by economic factors that are not necessarily consistent with key drivers of underwriting performance, and are therefore not an indication of trends in insurance operations.
The Company’s investment portfolio is monitored by management through analyses of various factors including unrealized gains and losses on securities, portfolio duration and exposure to interest rate, market and credit risk. Based on such analyses, the Company may impair an investment security in accordance with its policy, or sell a security. Such activities will produce realized gains and losses.
The significant components of the Company’s continuing operations and selected balance sheet items are presented in the following tables.

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                            Corporate              
    Standard     Specialty     Life & Group     & Other              
Three months ended   Lines     Lines     Non-Core     Non-Core     Eliminations     Total  
March 31, 2008                                                
(In millions)                                                
 
                                               
Revenues:
                                               
Net earned premiums
  $ 783     $ 873     $ 157     $ 1     $ (1 )   $ 1,813  
Net investment income
    164       132       84       54             434  
Other revenues
    14       53       13       6             86  
 
                                   
Total operating revenues
    961       1,058       254       61       (1 )     2,333  
 
                                               
Claims, benefits and expenses:
                                               
Net incurred claims and benefits
    577       566       212       21             1,376  
Policyholders’ dividends
    4       7       2                   13  
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
    179       184       4       1             368  
Other insurance related expenses
    58       50       50       4       (1 )     161  
Other expenses
    12       51       5       32             100  
 
                                   
Total claims, benefits and expenses
    830       858       273       58       (1 )     2,018  
 
                                               
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax and minority interest
    131       200       (19 )     3             315  
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
    (36 )     (64 )     16       2             (82 )
Minority interest
          (12 )                       (12 )
 
                                   
 
                                               
Net operating income (loss) from continuing operations
    95       124       (3 )     5             221  
Realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    (16 )     (9 )     (17 )     (9 )           (51 )
Income tax benefit on realized investment losses
    5       4       6       3             18  
 
                                   
 
                                               
Income (loss) from continuing operations
  $ 84     $ 119     $ (14 )   $ (1 )   $     $ 188  
 
                                   
 
March 31, 2008                                                
(In millions)                                                
 
                                               
Reinsurance receivables
  $ 2,209     $ 1,852     $ 2,147     $ 2,341     $     $ 8,549  
 
                                               
Insurance receivables
  $ 1,661     $ 564     $ 16     $ 9     $     $ 2,250  
 
                                               
Insurance reserves:
                                               
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
  $ 11,987     $ 8,602     $ 3,006     $ 4,907     $     $ 28,502  
Unearned premiums
    1,460       1,948       168       5       (3 )     3,578  
Future policy benefits
                7,209                   7,209  
Policyholders’ funds
    27       6       826                   859  
 
                                               
Deferred acquisition costs
  $ 308     $ 369     $ 481     $     $     $ 1,158  

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                            Corporate              
    Standard     Specialty     Life & Group     & Other              
    Lines     Lines     Non-Core     Non-Core     Eliminations     Total  
Three months ended                                                
March 31, 2007                                                
(In millions)                                                
 
                                               
Revenues:
                                               
Net earned premiums
  $ 863     $ 845     $ 156     $     $ (1 )   $ 1,863  
Net investment income
    220       149       161       78             608  
Other revenues
    11       42       12       2             67  
 
                                   
Total operating revenues
    1,094       1,036       329       80       (1 )     2,538  
 
                                               
Claims, benefits and expenses:
                                               
Net incurred claims and benefits
    593       543       273       34             1,443  
Policyholders’ dividends
    3       3       (1 )                 5  
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
    194       182       5                   381  
Other insurance related expenses
    65       41       51       4       (1 )     160  
Other expenses
    10       42       9       31             92  
 
                                   
Total claims, benefits and expenses
    865       811       337       69       (1 )     2,081  
 
                                               
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax and minority interest
    229       225       (8 )     11             457  
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
    (75 )     (73 )     10       (2 )           (140 )
Minority interest
          (10 )                       (10 )
 
                                   
 
                                               
Net operating income from continuing operations
    154       142       2       9             307  
Realized investment gains (losses), net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    (24 )     (14 )     1       16             (21 )
Income tax (expense) benefit on realized investment gains (losses)
    9       5             (6 )           8  
 
                                   
 
                                               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 139     $ 133     $ 3     $ 19     $     $ 294  
 
                                   
 
December 31, 2007                                                
(In millions)                                                
 
                                               
Reinsurance receivables
  $ 2,269     $ 1,819     $ 2,201     $ 2,400     $     $ 8,689  
 
                                               
Insurance receivables
  $ 1,664     $ 605     $ 26     $ (11 )   $     $ 2,284  
 
                                               
Insurance reserves:
                                               
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
  $ 12,048     $ 8,403     $ 3,027     $ 5,110     $     $ 28,588  
Unearned premiums
    1,483       1,948       162       5             3,598  
Future policy benefits
                7,106                   7,106  
Policyholders’ funds
    26       1       903                   930  
 
                                               
Deferred acquisition costs
  $ 311     $ 365     $ 485     $     $     $ 1,161  

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The following table provides revenue by line of business for each reportable segment. Revenues are comprised of operating revenues and realized investment gains and losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests.
                 
Revenues by Line of Business            
 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Standard Lines
               
Business Insurance
  $ 155     $ 163  
Commercial Insurance
    790       907  
 
           
 
               
Standard Lines revenues
    945       1,070  
 
           
 
               
Specialty Lines
               
 
               
U.S. Specialty Lines
    647       662  
Surety
    115       110  
Warranty
    73       71  
CNA Global
    214       179  
 
           
 
               
Specialty Lines revenues
    1,049       1,022  
 
           
 
               
Life & Group Non-Core
               
Life & Annuity
    (21 )     81  
Health
    238       233  
Other
    20       16  
 
           
 
               
Life & Group Non-Core revenues
    237       330  
 
           
 
Corporate & Other Non-Core
               
CNA Re
    17       47  
Other
    35       49  
 
           
 
               
Corporate & Other Non-Core revenues
    52       96  
 
           
 
               
Eliminations
    (1 )     (1 )
 
           
 
               
Total revenues
  $ 2,282     $ 2,517  
 
           

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Note M. Discontinued Operations
CNA has discontinued operations, which consist of run-off insurance and reinsurance operations acquired in its merger with The Continental Corporation in 1995. As of March 31, 2008, the remaining run-off business is administered by Continental Reinsurance Corporation International, Ltd., a Bermuda subsidiary. The business consists of facultative property and casualty, treaty excess casualty and treaty pro-rata reinsurance with underlying exposure to a diverse, multi-line domestic and international book of business encompassing property, casualty and marine liabilities.
Results of the discontinued operations were as follows.
                 
Discontinued Operations            
 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Revenues:
               
Net investment income
  $ 2     $ 5  
Realized investment gains (losses) and other
    1       (1 )
 
           
Total revenues
    3       4  
Insurance related expenses
    4       1  
 
           
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (1 )     3  
Income tax expense
          1  
 
           
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
  $ (1 )   $ 2  
 
           
Net assets of discontinued operations, included in Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, were as follows.
                 
Discontinued Operations            
(In millions)   March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
 
               
Assets:
               
Investments
  $ 188     $ 185  
Reinsurance receivables
    1       1  
Cash
    9       7  
Other assets
    1       4  
 
           
Total assets
    199       197  
 
               
Liabilities:
               
Insurance reserves
    171       172  
Other liabilities
    6       2  
 
           
Total liabilities
    177       174  
 
           
 
               
Net assets of discontinued operations
  $ 22     $ 23  
 
           
CNA’s accounting and reporting for discontinued operations is in accordance with APB Opinion No. 30, Reporting the Results of Operations — Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions. At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the insurance reserves are net of discount of $71 million and $73 million. The income (loss) from discontinued operations reported above primarily represents the net investment income, realized investment gains and losses, foreign currency gains and losses, effects of the accretion of the loss reserve discount and re-estimation of the ultimate claim and claim adjustment expense reserve of the discontinued operations.

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
The following discussion highlights significant factors impacting the consolidated operations and financial condition of CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its subsidiaries (collectively CNA or the Company). References to “CNA,” “the Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or like terms refer to the business of CNA and its subsidiaries. Based on 2006 statutory net written premiums, we are the seventh largest commercial insurance writer and the thirteenth largest property and casualty insurance organization in the United States of America.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part 1 of this Form 10-Q and Item 1A Risk Factors and Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which are included in our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the year ended December 31, 2007, as amended by Form 10-K/A which amended Part 1, Item 1 of Form 10-K (Form 10-K).
Changes in estimates of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves and premium accruals, net of reinsurance, for prior years are defined as net prior year development within this MD&A. These changes can be favorable or unfavorable. Net prior year development does not include the impact of related acquisition expenses. Further information on our reserves is provided in Note G of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1.

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CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS
Results of Operations
The following table includes the consolidated results of our operations. For more detailed components of our business operations and the net operating income financial measure, see the segment discussions within this MD&A.
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions, except per share data)                
 
               
Revenues
               
Net earned premiums
  $ 1,813     $ 1,863  
Net investment income
    434       608  
Other revenues
    86       67  
 
           
 
               
Total operating revenues
    2,333       2,538  
 
           
 
               
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
               
Net incurred claims and benefits
    1,376       1,443  
Policyholders’ dividends
    13       5  
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
    368       381  
Other insurance related expenses
    161       160  
Other expenses
    100       92  
 
           
 
               
Total claims, benefits and expenses
    2,018       2,081  
 
           
 
               
Operating income from continuing operations before income tax and minority interest
    315       457  
Income tax expense on operating income
    (82 )     (140 )
Minority interest
    (12 )     (10 )
 
           
 
               
Net operating income from continuing operations
    221       307  
 
               
Realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    (51 )     (21 )
Income tax benefit on realized investment losses
    18       8  
 
           
 
               
Income from continuing operations
    188       294  
 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income tax expense of $0 and $1
    (1 )     2  
 
           
 
               
Net Income
  $ 187     $ 296  
 
           
 
               
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
               
 
               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.70     $ 1.08  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
    (0.01 )     0.01  
 
           
 
               
Basic and diluted earnings per share available to common stockholders
  $ 0.69     $ 1.09  
 
           
 
               
Weighted average outstanding common stock and common stock equivalents
               
 
               
Basic
    270.7       271.3  
 
           
Diluted
    270.8       271.6  
 
           

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Net income decreased $109 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily due to decreased net operating income and higher net realized investment losses.
Net operating income from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 decreased $86 million as compared with the same period in 2007. This overall decrease was primarily due to lower net investment income, with additional impacts from decreased current accident year underwriting results in our core Property & Casualty Operations and increased catastrophe losses. Net investment income included a decline in the trading portfolio results of $80 million, a significant portion of which was offset by a corresponding decrease in the policyholders’ funds reserves supported by the trading portfolio, which is included in Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations included under Item 1. See the Investments section of this MD&A for further discussion of net investment income and net realized investment results.
Favorable net prior year development of $24 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008 related to our Standard Lines, Specialty Lines and Corporate & Other Non-core segments. This amount consisted of $13 million of favorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $11 million of favorable premium development. Favorable net prior year development of $14 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007 related to our Standard Lines, Specialty Lines and Corporate & Other Non-core segments. This amount consisted of $20 million of unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $34 million of favorable premium development.
Net earned premiums decreased $50 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007, including an $80 million decrease related to Standard Lines and a $28 million increase related to Specialty Lines. See the Segment Results section of this MD&A for further discussion.
Results from discontinued operations decreased $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007, primarily driven by foreign exchange losses. Results in 2007 were impacted by favorable net prior year development.

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Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis. We continually evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used to prepare the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In general, our estimates are based on historical experience, evaluation of current trends, information from third party professionals and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the known facts and circumstances.
The accounting estimates below are considered by us to be critical to an understanding of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as their application places the most significant demands on our judgment.
 
Insurance Reserves
 
Reinsurance
 
Valuation of Investments and Impairment of Securities
 
Long Term Care Products
 
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations
 
Legal Proceedings
Due to the inherent uncertainties involved with these types of judgments, actual results could differ significantly from estimates and may have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or equity. See the Critical Accounting Estimates section of our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included under Item 7 of our Form 10-K for further information.

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SEGMENT RESULTS
The following discusses the results of continuing operations for our operating segments. We utilize the net operating income financial measure to monitor our operations. Net operating income is calculated by excluding from net income the after-tax effects of 1) net realized investment gains or losses, 2) income or loss from discontinued operations and 3) any cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles. See further discussion regarding how we manage our business in Note L of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1. In evaluating the results of our Standard Lines and Specialty Lines segments, we utilize the loss ratio, the expense ratio, the dividend ratio, and the combined ratio. These ratios are calculated using GAAP financial results. The loss ratio is the percentage of net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses to net earned premiums. The expense ratio is the percentage of insurance underwriting and acquisition expenses, including the amortization of deferred acquisition costs, to net earned premiums. The dividend ratio is the ratio of policyholders’ dividends incurred to net earned premiums. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss, expense and dividend ratios.
STANDARD LINES
The following table details the results of operations for Standard Lines.
                 
Results of Operations            
 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Net written premiums
  $ 771     $ 867  
Net earned premiums
    783       863  
Net investment income
    164       220  
Net operating income
    95       154  
Net realized investment losses, after-tax
    (11 )     (15 )
Net income
    84       139  
 
               
Ratios
               
Loss and loss adjustment expense
    73.7 %     68.7 %
Expense
    30.2       30.0  
Dividend
    0.5       0.4  
 
           
 
               
Combined
    104.4 %     99.1 %
 
           
Net written premiums for Standard Lines decreased $96 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to decreased production. The decreased production reflects our disciplined participation in the current competitive market. The competitive market conditions are expected to put ongoing pressure on premium and income levels, and the expense ratio. Net earned premiums decreased $80 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007, consistent with the decreased premiums written.
Standard Lines averaged rate decreases of 5% for the three months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to decreases of 3% for the three months ended March 31, 2007 for the contracts that renewed during those periods. Retention rates of 79% and 77% were achieved for those contracts that were available for renewal in each period.
Net income decreased $55 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily attributable to decreased net operating income.
Net operating income decreased $59 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily driven by lower net investment income, decreased current accident year underwriting results and higher catastrophe losses. These decreases were partially offset by increased favorable net prior year development. The catastrophe losses were $34 million after-tax in the first quarter of 2008, as compared to $20 million after-tax in the first quarter of 2007.
The combined ratio increased 5.3 points for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. The loss ratio increased 5.0 points primarily due to higher current accident year loss ratios

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related to the decline in rates and increased catastrophe losses. Partially offsetting these unfavorable impacts was increased favorable net prior year loss development as discussed below.
Favorable net prior year development of $26 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008, including $35 million of favorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $9 million of unfavorable premium development. Favorable net prior year development of $13 million, including $13 million of unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $26 million of favorable premium development, was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007. Further information on Standard Lines net prior year development for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 is included in Note G of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1.
The following table summarizes the gross and net carried reserves as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 for Standard Lines.
                 
Gross and Net Carried            
Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves            
    March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Gross Case Reserves
  $ 6,075     $ 5,988  
Gross IBNR Reserves
    5,912       6,060  
 
           
 
               
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
  $ 11,987     $ 12,048  
 
           
 
               
Net Case Reserves
  $ 4,844     $ 4,750  
Net IBNR Reserves
    5,036       5,170  
 
           
 
               
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
  $ 9,880     $ 9,920  
 
           

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SPECIALTY LINES
The following table details the results of operations for Specialty Lines.
                 
Results of Operations            
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)            
 
               
Net written premiums
  $ 848     $ 864  
Net earned premiums
    873       845  
Net investment income
    132       149  
Net operating income
    124       142  
Net realized investment losses, after-tax
    (5 )     (9 )
Net income
    119       133  
 
               
Ratios
               
Loss and loss adjustment expense
    64.8 %     64.2 %
Expense
    26.8       26.5  
Dividend
    0.8       0.3  
 
           
 
               
Combined
    92.4 %     91.0 %
 
           
Net written premiums for Specialty Lines decreased $16 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. Premiums written were unfavorably impacted by decreased production as compared with the same period in 2007. The decreased production reflects our disciplined participation in the current competitive market. The competitive market conditions are expected to put ongoing pressure on premium and income levels, and the expense ratio. This unfavorable impact was partially offset by decreased ceded premiums. The U.S. Specialty Lines reinsurance structure was primarily quota share reinsurance through April 2007. We elected not to renew this coverage upon its expiration. With our current diversification in the previously reinsured lines of business and our management of the gross limits on the business written, we did not believe the cost of renewing the program was commensurate with its projected benefit. Net earned premiums increased $28 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007, which reflects the decreased use of reinsurance as mentioned above.
Specialty Lines averaged rate decreases of 4% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to decreases of 2% for the three months ended March 31, 2007 for the contracts that renewed during those periods. Retention rates of 84% were achieved for those contracts that were available for renewal in each period.
Net income decreased $14 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily attributable to lower net operating income.
Net operating income decreased $18 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily driven by lower net investment income and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency rate movements. These decreases were partially offset by favorable experience and a change in estimate related to dealer profit commissions of $10 million, which resulted from an annual review of our warranty line of business. Revenue and expenses related to these underlying warranty product offerings are included within Other revenues and Other operating expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations included under Item 1.
The combined ratio increased 1.4 points for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. The loss ratio increased 0.6 points, primarily due to higher current accident year losses related to the decline in rates.
Favorable net prior year development of $2 million, including $17 million of unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $19 million of favorable premium development, was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Favorable net prior year development of $3 million, including $7 million of unfavorable claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $10 million of favorable premium development, was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007.

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The following table summarizes the gross and net carried reserves as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 for Specialty Lines.
                 
Gross and Net Carried            
Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves            
    March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
(In millions)
               
 
               
Gross Case Reserves
  $ 2,688     $ 2,585  
Gross IBNR Reserves
    5,914       5,818  
 
           
 
               
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
  $ 8,602     $ 8,403  
 
           
 
               
Net Case Reserves
  $ 2,199     $ 2,090  
Net IBNR Reserves
    4,608       4,527  
 
           
 
               
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
  $ 6,807     $ 6,617  
 
           

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LIFE & GROUP NON-CORE
The following table summarizes the results of operations for Life & Group Non-Core.
                 
Results of Operations        
Three months ended March 31   2008   2007
(In millions)        
 
               
Net earned premiums
  $ 157     $ 156  
Net investment income
    84       161  
Net operating income (loss)
    (3 )     2  
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax
    (11 )     1  
Net income (loss)
    (14 )     3  
Net earned premiums for Life & Group Non-Core increased $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. The net earned premiums relate primarily to the group and individual long term care businesses.
Net results decreased $17 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. The decrease was primarily due to net realized investment losses and a decline in net investment income. Net investment income included a decline of trading portfolio results of $79 million, a significant portion of which was offset by a corresponding decrease in the policyholders’ funds reserves supported by the trading portfolio, which is included in Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations included under Item 1. The trading portfolio supports the indexed group annuity portion of our pension deposit business, which experienced a decline in net results of $9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. See the Investments section of this MD&A for further discussion of net investment income and net realized investment results.
During the first quarter of 2008, we decided to exit the indexed group annuity portion of our pension deposit business. This business had net results of $(5) million and $4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. The related assets were $648 million and related liabilities were $624 million at March 31, 2008. We expect these liabilities to be settled with the policyholders during the remainder of 2008 through the supporting assets with no material impact to results of operations.

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CORPORATE & OTHER NON-CORE
The following table summarizes the results of operations for the Corporate & Other Non-Core segment, including Asbestos and Environmental Pollution (A&E) and intrasegment eliminations.
                 
Results of Operations        
Three months ended March 31   2008   2007
(In millions)            
 
               
Net investment income
  $ 54     $ 78  
Revenues
    51       95  
Net operating income
    5       9  
Net realized investment gains (losses), after-tax
    (6 )     10  
Net income (loss)
    (1 )     19  
Revenues decreased $44 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. Revenues were unfavorably impacted by lower net investment income and decreased net realized investment results. See the Investments section of this MD&A for further discussion of net investment income and net realized investment results.
Net results decreased $20 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared with the same period in 2007. The decrease in net results was primarily due to decreased revenues as discussed above. The 2007 results included current accident year losses related to certain mass torts.
Unfavorable net prior year development of $4 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008, including $5 million of unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development and $1 million of favorable premium development. Unfavorable premium development of $2 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007. There was no claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007.
The following table summarizes the gross and net carried reserves as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 for Corporate & Other Non-Core.
                 
Gross and Net Carried            
Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves            
    March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Gross Case Reserves
  $ 2,046     $ 2,159  
Gross IBNR Reserves
    2,861       2,951  
 
           
 
               
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
  $ 4,907     $ 5,110  
 
           
 
               
Net Case Reserves
  $ 1,250     $ 1,328  
Net IBNR Reserves
    1,742       1,787  
 
           
 
               
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
  $ 2,992     $ 3,115  
 
           

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A&E Reserves
Our property and casualty insurance subsidiaries have actual and potential exposures related to asbestos and environmental pollution (A&E) claims. Further information on A&E claim and claim adjustment expense reserves and net prior year development is included in Note G of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1.
Asbestos
We have resolved a number of our large asbestos accounts by negotiating settlement agreements. Structured settlement agreements provide for payments over multiple years as set forth in each individual agreement.
In 1985, 47 asbestos producers and their insurers, including The Continental Insurance Company (CIC), executed the Wellington Agreement. The agreement was intended to resolve all issues and litigation related to coverage for asbestos exposures. Under this agreement, signatory insurers committed scheduled policy limits and made the limits available to pay asbestos claims based upon coverage blocks designated by the policyholders in 1985, subject to extension by policyholders. CIC was a signatory insurer to the Wellington Agreement.
We have also used coverage in place agreements to resolve large asbestos exposures. Coverage in place agreements are typically agreements between us and our policyholders identifying the policies and the terms for payment of asbestos related liabilities. Claims payments are contingent on presentation of adequate documentation showing exposure during the policy periods and other documentation supporting the demand for claim payment. Coverage in place agreements may have annual payment caps. Coverage in place agreements are evaluated based on claims filings trends and severities.
We categorize active asbestos accounts as large or small accounts. We define a large account as an active account with more than $100 thousand of cumulative paid losses. We have made resolving large accounts a significant management priority. Small accounts are defined as active accounts with $100 thousand or less of cumulative paid losses. Approximately 81% of our total active asbestos accounts are classified as small accounts at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
We also evaluate our asbestos liabilities arising from our assumed reinsurance business and our participation in various pools, including Excess & Casualty Reinsurance Association (ECRA).
IBNR reserves relate to potential development on accounts that have not settled and potential future claims from unidentified policyholders.

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The tables below depict our overall pending asbestos accounts and associated reserves at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Pending Asbestos Accounts and Associated Reserves
                                 
March 31, 2008                          
            Net Paid Losses     Net Asbestos     Percent of  
    Number of     in 2008     Reserves     Asbestos  
    Policyholders     (In millions)     (In millions)     Net Reserves  
 
                               
Policyholders with settlement agreements
                               
Structured settlements
    13     $ 8     $ 145       11 %
Wellington
    3             12       1  
Coverage in place
    37       12       93       7  
 
                       
 
                               
Total with settlement agreements
    53       20       250       19  
 
                       
 
                               
Other policyholders with active accounts
                               
Large asbestos accounts
    232       22       211       17  
Small asbestos accounts
    960       5       88       7  
 
                       
 
                               
Total other policyholders
    1,192       27       299       24  
 
                       
 
                               
Assumed reinsurance and pools
          2       131       10  
Unassigned IBNR
                595       47  
 
                       
 
                               
Total
    1,245     $ 49     $ 1,275       100 %
 
                       
Pending Asbestos Accounts and Associated Reserves
                                 
December 31, 2007                          
            Net Paid Losses     Net Asbestos     Percent of  
    Number of     in 2007     Reserves     Asbestos  
    Policyholders     (In millions)     (In millions)     Net Reserves  
 
                               
Policyholders with settlement agreements
                               
Structured settlements
    14     $ 29     $ 151       11 %
Wellington
    3       1       12       1  
Coverage in place
    34       38       100       8  
 
                       
 
                               
Total with settlement agreements
    51       68       263       20  
 
                       
 
                               
Other policyholders with active accounts
                               
Large asbestos accounts
    233       45       237       18  
Small asbestos accounts
    1,005       15       93       7  
 
                       
 
                               
Total other policyholders
    1,238       60       330       25  
 
                       
 
                               
Assumed reinsurance and pools
          8       133       10  
Unassigned IBNR
                596       45  
 
                       
 
                               
Total
    1,289     $ 136     $ 1,322       100 %
 
                       
Some asbestos-related defendants have asserted that their insurance policies are not subject to aggregate limits on coverage. We have such claims from a number of insureds. Some of these claims involve insureds facing exhaustion of products liability aggregate limits in their policies, who have asserted that their asbestos-related claims fall within so-called “non-products” liability coverage contained within their policies rather than products liability coverage, and that the claimed “non-products” coverage is not subject to any aggregate limit. It is difficult to predict the ultimate size of any of the claims for coverage purportedly not subject to aggregate limits or predict to what extent, if any, the attempts to assert “non-products” claims outside the products liability aggregate will succeed. Our policies also contain other limits applicable to these claims and we have additional coverage defenses to certain claims. We have attempted to manage our asbestos exposure by aggressively seeking to settle claims on acceptable terms. There can be no assurance that any of these settlement efforts will be successful, or that any such claims can be settled on terms acceptable to us. Where we cannot settle a claim on acceptable terms, we aggressively litigate the claim. However, adverse developments with respect to such matters could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and/or equity.
We are involved in significant asbestos-related claim litigation, which is described in Note G of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1.
Environmental Pollution
We classify our environmental pollution accounts into several categories, which include structured settlements, coverage in place agreements and active accounts. Structured settlement agreements provide for payments over multiple years as set forth in each individual agreement.
We have also used coverage in place agreements to resolve pollution exposures. Coverage in place agreements are typically agreements between us and our policyholders identifying the policies and the terms for payment of pollution related liabilities. Claim payments are contingent on presentation of adequate documentation of

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damages during the policy periods and other documentation supporting the demand for claims payment. Coverage in place agreements may have annual payment caps.
We categorize active accounts as large or small accounts in the pollution area. We define a large account as an active account with more than $100 thousand cumulative paid losses. We have made closing large accounts a significant management priority. Small accounts are defined as active accounts with $100 thousand or less of cumulative paid losses. Approximately 72% and 73% of our total active pollution accounts are classified as small accounts as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
We also evaluate our environmental pollution exposures arising from our assumed reinsurance and our participation in various pools, including ECRA.
We carry unassigned IBNR reserves for environmental pollution. These reserves relate to potential development on accounts that have not settled and potential future claims from unidentified policyholders.
The tables below depict our overall pending environmental pollution accounts and associated reserves at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Pending Environmental Pollution Accounts and Associated Reserves
                                 
March 31, 2008                            
                Net      
    Number of     Net Paid Losses
in 2008
    Environmental
Pollution
Reserves
    Percent of
Environmental
Pollution Net
 
    Policyholders     (In millions)     (In millions)     Reserve  
 
                               
Policyholders with settlement agreements
                               
Structured settlements
    9     $ 2     $ 6       3 %
Coverage in place
    18             15       7  
 
                       
Total with settlement agreements
    27       2       21       10  
 
                               
Other policyholders with active accounts
                               
Large pollution accounts
    104       12       47       21  
Small pollution accounts
    267       4       38       17  
 
                       
Total other policyholders
    371       16       85       38  
 
                               
Assumed reinsurance and pools
          1       31       14  
Unassigned IBNR
                86       38  
 
                       
 
                               
Total
    398     $ 19     $ 223       100 %
 
                       
Pending Environmental Pollution Accounts and Associated Reserves
                                 
December 31, 2007                            
                     
    Number of     Net Paid Losses
in 2007
    Net
Environmental
Pollution
Reserves
    Percent of
Environmental
Pollution Net
 
    Policyholders     (In millions)     (In millions)     Reserve  
 
                               
Policyholders with settlement agreements
                               
Structured settlements
    10     $ 9     $ 6       2 %
Coverage in place
    18       8       14       6  
 
                       
Total with settlement agreements
    28       17       20       8  
 
                               
Other policyholders with active accounts
                               
Large pollution accounts
    112       17       53       22  
Small pollution accounts
    298       9       42       17  
 
                       
Total other policyholders
    410       26       95       39  
 
                               
Assumed reinsurance and pools
          1       31       13  
Unassigned IBNR
                96       40  
 
                       
 
                               
Total
    438     $ 44     $ 242       100 %
 
                       

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INVESTMENTS
Net Investment Income
The significant components of net investment income are presented in the following table.
Net Investment Income
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Fixed maturity securities
  $ 518     $ 496  
Short term investments
    39       50  
Limited partnerships
    (39 )     52  
Equity securities
    5       5  
Income (loss) from trading portfolio (a)
    (77 )     3  
Other
    6       10  
 
           
 
               
Gross investment income
    452       616  
Investment expense
    (18 )     (8 )
 
           
 
               
Net investment income
  $ 434     $ 608  
 
           
(a) The change in net unrealized gains (losses) on trading securities included in net investment income was $(13) million and $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
Net investment results decreased by $174 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007. The decrease was primarily driven by decreased results from limited partnerships and the trading portfolio. The decreased results from the trading portfolio were largely offset by a corresponding decrease in the policyholders’ funds reserves supported by the trading portfolio, which is included in Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The bond segment of the investment portfolio yielded 5.9% and 5.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.

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Net Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
The components of net realized investment results for available-for-sale securities are presented in the following table.
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Fixed maturity securities:
               
U.S. Government bonds
  $ 32     $ 2  
Corporate and other taxable bonds
    (31 )     25  
Tax-exempt bonds
    40       (11 )
Asset-backed bonds
    (39 )     (33 )
Redeemable preferred stock
    (4 )      
 
           
 
               
Total fixed maturity securities
    (2 )     (17 )
Equity securities
    (15 )     3  
Derivative securities
    (44 )     (8 )
Short term investments
    2        
Other
    8       1  
 
           
 
               
Realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
    (51 )     (21 )
 
               
Income tax benefit
    18       8  
 
           
 
               
Net realized investment losses, net of participating policyholders’ and minority interests
  $ (33 )   $ (13 )
 
           
Net realized investment losses increased by $20 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007. The increase in net realized investment losses was primarily driven by a decrease in net realized results for derivative and equity securities, partially offset by an increase in net realized results for fixed maturity securities.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses of $56 million were recorded primarily within the asset-backed bonds sector. The OTTI losses related to securities for which we did not assert an intent to hold until an anticipated recovery in value. The judgment as to whether an impairment is other-than-temporary incorporates many factors including the likelihood of a security recovering to cost, our intent and ability to hold the security until recovery, general market conditions, specific sector views and significant changes in expected cash flows. Our decision to record an OTTI loss is primarily based on whether the security’s fair value is likely to recover to its amortized cost in light of all of the factors considered over the expected holding period. Current factors and market conditions that contributed to recording impairments included significant credit spread widening in fixed income sectors and market disruptions surrounding sub-prime residential mortgage concerns. In some instances, an OTTI loss was recorded because, in our judgment, recovery to cost is not likely. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, 22% of the OTTI losses were taken on common stock and 30% were taken on below investment grade securities.
For the three months ended March 31, 2007, OTTI losses of $57 million were recorded primarily within the asset-backed bonds and corporate and other taxable bonds sectors. The majority of the OTTI losses recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2007 were due to our lack of intent to hold until an anticipated recovery of cost or maturity.
A primary objective in the management of the fixed maturity and equity portfolios is to optimize return relative to underlying liabilities and respective liquidity needs. Our views on the current interest rate environment, tax regulations, asset class valuations, specific security issuer and broader industry segment conditions, and the domestic and global economic conditions, are some of the factors that enter into an investment decision. We also continually monitor exposure to issuers of securities held and broader industry sector exposures and may from time to time adjust such exposures based on our views of a specific issuer or industry sector.

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A further consideration in the management of the investment portfolio is the characteristics of the underlying liabilities and the ability to align the duration of the portfolio to those liabilities to meet future liquidity needs, minimize interest rate risk and maintain a level of income sufficient to support the underlying insurance liabilities. For portfolios where future liability cash flows are determinable and long term in nature, we segregate investments for asset/liability management purposes.
The segregated investments support liabilities primarily in the Life & Group Non-Core segment including annuities, structured benefit settlements and long term care products. The remaining investments are managed to support the Standard Lines, Specialty Lines and Corporate & Other Non-Core segments.
The effective durations of fixed maturity securities, short term investments and interest rate derivatives are presented in the table below. Short term investments are net of securities lending collateral and account payable and receivable amounts for securities purchased and sold, but not yet settled.
                                 
Effective Durations            
    March 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
            Effective Duration             Effective Duration  
    Fair Value     (In years)     Fair Value     (In years)  
(In millions)                                
 
                               
Segregated investments
  $ 8,927       10.6     $ 9,211       10.7  
 
                               
Other interest sensitive investments
    28,267       3.3       29,406       3.3  
 
                       
 
                               
Total
  $ 37,194       5.0     $ 38,617       5.1  
 
                       
The investment portfolio is periodically analyzed for changes in duration and related price change risk. Additionally, we periodically review the sensitivity of the portfolio to the level of foreign exchange rates and other factors that contribute to market price changes. A summary of these risks and specific analysis on changes is included in the Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in Item 7A of our Form 10-K.
We invest in certain derivative financial instruments primarily to reduce our exposure to market risk (principally interest rate, equity price and foreign currency risk) and credit risk (risk of nonperformance of underlying obligor). Derivative securities are recorded at fair value at the reporting date. We also use derivatives to mitigate market risk by purchasing Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Index futures in a notional amount equal to the contract liability relating to Life & Group Non-Core indexed group annuity contracts. We provided collateral to satisfy margin deposits on exchange-traded derivatives totaling $34 million as of March 31, 2008. For over-the-counter derivative transactions we utilize International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreements that specify certain limits over which collateral is exchanged. As of March 31, 2008, we provided $67 million of cash as collateral for over-the-counter derivative instruments.
We classify our fixed maturity and equity securities as either available-for-sale or trading, and as such, they are carried at fair value. The amortized cost of fixed maturity securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity, which is included in net investment income. Changes in fair value related to available-for-sale securities are reported as a component of other comprehensive income. Changes in fair value of trading securities are reported within net investment income. As of January 1, 2008, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 157, Fair Value Measurement. See Notes B and F of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1 for further information.

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The following table provides further detail of gross realized investment gains and losses, which include OTTI losses, on available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities.
Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
                 
Three months ended March 31   2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity and equity securities:
               
Fixed maturity securities:
               
Gross realized gains
  $ 117     $ 98  
Gross realized losses
    (119 )     (115 )
 
           
 
               
Net realized investment losses on fixed maturity securities
    (2 )     (17 )
 
           
 
               
Equity securities:
               
Gross realized gains
    4       7  
Gross realized losses
    (19 )     (4 )
 
           
 
               
Net realized investment gains (losses) on equity securities
    (15 )     3  
 
           
 
               
Net realized investment losses on fixed maturity and equity securities
  $ (17 )   $ (14 )
 
           
The following table provides details of the largest realized investment losses from sales of securities aggregated by issuer including the fair value of the securities at date of sale, the amount of the loss recorded and the period of time that the securities had been in an unrealized loss position prior to sale. The period of time that the securities had been in an unrealized loss position prior to sale can vary due to the timing of individual security purchases. Also included is a narrative providing the industry sector along with the facts and circumstances giving rise to the loss.
Largest Realized Investment Losses from Securities Sold at a Loss
                         
Three months ended March 31, 2008   Fair             Months in  
    Value at             Unrealized  
    Date of     Loss     Loss Prior  
Issuer Description and Discussion   Sale     On Sale     To Sale (a)  
(In millions)                        
 
                       
A provider of wireless and wire line communication services. Securities were sold to reduce exposure because the company announced a significant shortfall in operating results, causing significant credit deterioration which resulted in a rating downgrade.
  $ 38     $ 16       7-12  
 
                       
A provider of electronic communications solutions. Company announced a decision to explore the sale of a struggling and major product unit creating uncertainty with respect to asset value relative to total debt. Securities were sold to reduce exposure.
    61       7       7-12  
 
                   
 
                       
Total
  $ 99     $ 23          
 
                   
 
(a) Represents the range of consecutive months the various positions were in an unrealized loss prior to sale.

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Valuation and Impairment of Investments
The following table details the carrying value of our general account investments.
                                 
Carrying Value of General Account Investments                          
    March 31,             December 31,        
    2008     %     2007     %  
(In millions)                                
 
                               
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
                               
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of government agencies
  $ 1,468       4 %   $ 687       2 %
Asset-backed securities
    10,332       25       11,409       27  
States, municipalities and political subdivisions — tax-exempt securities
    6,957       17       7,675       18  
Corporate bonds
    8,624       21       8,952       22  
Other debt securities
    3,934       10       4,299       10  
Redeemable preferred stock
    1,025       3       1,058       3  
 
                       
 
                               
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
    32,340       80       34,080       82  
 
                       
 
                               
Fixed maturity securities trading:
                               
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of government agencies
    5             5        
Asset-backed securities
    24             31        
Corporate bonds
    110             123        
Other debt securities
    17             18        
 
                       
 
                               
Total fixed maturity securities trading
    156             177        
 
                       
 
                               
Equity securities available-for-sale:
                               
Common stock
    432       1       452       1  
Preferred stock
    42             116        
 
                       
 
                               
Total equity securities available-for-sale
    474       1       568       1  
 
                       
 
                               
Short term investments available-for-sale
    5,209       13       4,497       11  
Short term investments trading
    138             180       1  
Limited partnerships
    2,245       6       2,214       5  
Other investments
    9             46        
 
                       
 
                               
Total general account investments
  $ 40,571       100 %   $ 41,762       100 %
 
                       
A significant judgment in the valuation of investments is the determination of when an OTTI has occurred. We analyze securities on at least a quarterly basis. Part of this analysis is to monitor the length of time and severity of the decline below amortized cost for those securities in an unrealized loss position.
Investments in the general account had a net unrealized loss of $1,272 million at March 31, 2008 compared with a net unrealized gain of $74 million at December 31, 2007. The unrealized position at March 31, 2008 was comprised of a net unrealized loss of $1,460 million for fixed maturity securities, a net unrealized gain of $187 million for equity securities and a net unrealized gain of $1 million for short term investments. The unrealized position at December 31, 2007 was comprised of a net unrealized loss of $131 million for fixed maturity securities, a net unrealized gain of $202 million for equity securities and a net unrealized gain of $3 million for short term investments. See Note D of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 1 for further detail on the unrealized position of our general account investment portfolio.

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The following table provides the composition of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale in a gross unrealized loss position at March 31, 2008 by maturity profile. Securities not due at a single date are allocated based on weighted average life.
                 
Maturity Profile            
    Percent of     Percent of  
    Market     Unrealized  
    Value     Loss  
 
               
Due in one year or less
    6 %     3 %
Due after one year through five years
    34       30  
Due after five years through ten years
    19       25  
Due after ten years
    41       42  
 
           
 
               
Total
    100 %     100 %
 
           
Our non-investment grade fixed maturity securities available-for-sale at March 31, 2008 that were in a gross unrealized loss position had a fair value of $2,531 million. The following tables summarize the fair value and gross unrealized loss of non-investment grade securities categorized by the length of time those securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position and further categorized by the severity of the unrealized loss position in 10% increments as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Unrealized Loss Aging for Non-investment Grade Securities
                                                 
            Fair Value as a Percentage of Amortized Cost     Gross  
    Estimated                                     Unrealized  
March 31, 2008   Fair Value     90-99%     80-89%     70-79%     <70%     Loss  
(In millions)                                                
 
                                               
Fixed maturity securities:
                                               
0-6 months
  $ 1,688     $ 63     $ 65     $ 25     $ 6     $ 159  
7-12 months
    814       27       66       11       65       169  
13-24 months
    27             3             4       7  
Greater than 24 months
    2                                
 
                                   
 
Total non-investment grade
  $ 2,531     $ 90     $ 134     $ 36     $ 75     $ 335  
 
                                   
Unrealized Loss Aging for Non-investment Grade Securities
                                                 
            Fair Value as a Percentage of Amortized Cost     Gross  
    Estimated                                     Unrealized  
December 31, 2007   Fair Value     90-99%     80-89%     70-79%     <70%     Loss  
(In millions)                                                
 
                                               
Fixed maturity securities:
                                               
0-6 months
  $ 1,549     $ 57     $ 16     $ 3     $     $ 76  
7-12 months
    125       7       1                   8  
13-24 months
    26       1       1       1       1       4  
Greater than 24 months
    8             2                   2  
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total non-investment grade
  $ 1,708     $ 65     $ 20     $ 4     $ 1     $ 90  
 
                                   
As part of the ongoing OTTI monitoring process, we evaluated the facts and circumstances based on available information for each of the non-investment grade securities and determined that the securities presented in the above tables were temporarily impaired when evaluated at March 31, 2008 or December 31, 2007. This determination was based on a number of factors that we regularly consider including, but not limited to: the issuers’ ability to meet current and future interest and principal payments, an evaluation of the issuers’ financial condition and near term prospects, our assessment of the sector outlook and estimates of the fair value of any underlying collateral. In all cases where a decline in value is judged to be temporary, we have the intent and ability to hold these securities for a period of time sufficient to recover the amortized cost of our investment through an anticipated recovery in the fair value of such securities or by holding the securities to maturity. In

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many cases, the securities held are matched to liabilities as part of ongoing asset/liability duration management. As such, we continually assess our ability to hold securities for a time sufficient to recover any temporary loss in value or until maturity. We believe we have sufficient levels of liquidity so as to not impact the asset/liability management process.
Our equity securities classified as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2008 that were in a gross unrealized loss position had a fair value of $72 million and gross unrealized losses of $5 million. Under the same process as followed for fixed maturity securities, we monitor the equity securities for other-than-temporary declines in value. In all cases where a decline in value is judged to be temporary, we have the intent and ability to hold these securities for a period of time sufficient to recover the cost of our investment through an anticipated recovery in the fair value of such securities.
Invested assets are exposed to various risks, such as interest rate and credit risk. Due to the level of risk associated with certain invested assets and the level of uncertainty related to changes in the value of these assets, it is possible that changes in these risks in the near term, including increases in interest rates and further credit spread widening, could have an adverse material impact on our results of operations or equity.
The general account portfolio consists primarily of high quality bonds, 89% of which were rated as investment grade (rated BBB- or higher) at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The following table summarizes the ratings of our general account bond portfolio at carrying value.
                                 
General Account Bond Ratings                          
    March 31,             December 31,        
    2008     %     2007     %  
(In millions)                                
 
                               
U.S. Government and affiliated agency securities
  $ 1,596       5 %   $ 816       3 %
Other AAA rated
    13,864       44       16,728       50  
AA and A rated
    6,787       22       6,326       19  
BBB rated
    5,745       18       5,713       17  
Non-investment grade
    3,479       11       3,616       11  
 
                       
 
Total
  $ 31,471       100 %   $ 33,199       100 %
 
                       
At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, approximately 97% and 95% of the general account portfolio was issued by U.S. Government and affiliated agencies or was rated by S&P or Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s). The remaining bonds were rated by other rating agencies or internally.
Non-investment grade bonds, as presented in the tables above, are high-yield securities rated below BBB- by bond rating agencies, as well as other unrated securities that, according to our analysis, are below investment grade. High-yield securities generally involve a greater degree of risk than investment grade securities. However, expected returns should compensate for the added risk. This risk is also considered in the interest rate assumptions for the underlying insurance products.
The carrying value of securities that are either subject to trading restrictions or trade in illiquid private placement markets at March 31, 2008 was $318 million, which represents 0.8% of our total investment portfolio. These securities were in a net unrealized gain position of $171 million at March 31, 2008.

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Asset-Backed and Sub-prime Mortgage Exposure
                                                         
Asset-Backed Distribution                          
    Security Type                      
                                            Percent     Percent  
                                            of Total     of Total  
March 31, 2008   MBS     CMO     ABS     CDO     Total     Security Type     Investments  
(In millions)                                                        
 
                                                       
U.S. Government Agencies
  $ 1,022     $ 1,229     $     $     $ 2,251       22 %     6 %
AAA
          4,773       2,235       9       7,017       67       17  
AA
          24       254       51       329       3       1  
A
          23       157       126       306       3       1  
BBB
          8       381       12       401       4       1  
Non-investment grade and equity tranches
          2       39       11       52       1        
 
                                         
Total Fair Value
  $ 1,022     $ 6,059     $ 3,066     $ 209     $ 10,356       100 %     26 %
 
                                         
Total Amortized Cost
  $ 1,018     $ 6,372     $ 3,336     $ 413     $ 11,139                  
 
                                             
 
                                                       
Percent of total fair value by security type
    10 %     58 %     30 %     2 %     100 %                
 
                                                       
Sub-prime (included above)
                                                       
Fair Value
  $     $ 5     $ 1,485     $ 18     $ 1,508       15 %     4 %
Amortized Cost
  $     $ 5     $ 1,634     $ 37     $ 1,676       15 %     4 %
 
                                                       
Alt-A (included above)
                                                       
Fair Value
  $     $ 1,213     $ 1     $ 32     $ 1,246       12 %     3 %
Amortized Cost
  $     $ 1,299     $ 1     $ 35     $ 1,335       12 %     3 %
Included in our fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2008 were $10,356 million of asset-backed securities, at fair value, which represents 26% of total invested assets. Of the total asset-backed securities, 89% were U.S. Government Agency issued or AAA rated. The majority of our asset-backed securities are actively traded in liquid markets. Of the total invested assets, $1,508 million or 4% have exposure to sub-prime residential mortgage (sub-prime) collateral, as measured by the original deal structure, while 3% have exposure to Alternative A (Alt-A) collateral. Of the securities with sub-prime exposure, approximately 98% were rated investment grade, while over 99% of the Alt-A securities were rated investment grade. We believe that each of these securities would be rated investment grade even without the benefit of any applicable third-party guarantees. In addition to sub-prime exposure in fixed maturity securities, there is exposure of approximately $33 million through limited partnerships and credit default swaps.
All asset-backed securities in an unrealized loss position are reviewed as part of the ongoing OTTI process, which resulted in OTTI losses of $34 million after-tax for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Included in this OTTI loss was $29 million after-tax related to securities with sub-prime and Alt-A exposure. Our review of these securities includes an analysis of cash flow modeling under various default scenarios, the seniority of the specific tranche within the deal structure, the composition of the collateral and the actual default experience. Given current market conditions and the specific facts and circumstances related to our individual sub-prime and Alt-A exposures, we believe that all remaining unrealized losses are temporary in nature. Continued deterioration in these markets beyond our current expectations may cause us to reconsider and record additional OTTI losses.

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Short Term Investments
The carrying value of the components of the general account short term investment portfolio is presented in the following table.
                 
    March 31,     December 31,  
    2008     2007  
(In millions)                
 
               
Short term investments available-for-sale:
               
Commercial paper
  $ 2,294     $ 3,040  
U.S. Treasury securities
    536       577  
Money market funds
    194       72  
Other, including collateral held related to securities lending
    2,185       808  
 
           
 
               
Total short term investments available-for-sale
    5,209       4,497  
 
           
 
               
Short term investments trading:
               
Commercial paper
    18       35  
Money market funds
    114       139  
Other
    6       6  
 
           
 
               
Total short term investments trading
    138       180  
 
           
 
               
Total short term investments
  $ 5,347     $ 4,677  
 
           
The fair value of collateral held related to securities lending, included in other short term investments, was $878 million and $53 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flows
Our principal operating cash flow sources are premiums and investment income from our insurance subsidiaries. Our primary operating cash flow uses are payments for claims, policy benefits and operating expenses.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, net cash provided by operating activities was $303 million as compared with $217 million for the same period in 2007. Cash provided by operating activities was favorably impacted by decreased loss, tax and expense payments, partially offset by decreased premium collections.
Cash flows from investing activities include the purchase and sale of available-for-sale financial instruments, as well as the purchase and sale of businesses, land, buildings, equipment and other assets not generally held for resale.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, net cash provided by investing activities was $11 million as compared with $201 million used by investing activity for the same period in 2007. Cash flows used by investing activities related principally to purchases of fixed maturity securities. The cash flow from investing activities is impacted by various factors such as the anticipated payment of claims, financing activity, asset/liability management and individual security buy and sell decisions made in the normal course of portfolio management.
Cash flows from financing activities include proceeds from the issuance of debt and equity securities, outflows for dividends or repayment of debt, outlays to reacquire equity instruments, and deposits and withdrawals related to investment contract products issued by us.

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For the three months ended March 31, 2008, net cash used by financing activities was $273 million as compared with $26 million for the same period in 2007. In January 2008, we repaid our $150 million 6.45% senior note. We also purchased outstanding shares of our common stock as discussed below.
We believe that our present cash flows from operations, investing activities and financing activities, including cash dividends from CNAF subsidiaries, are sufficient to fund our working capital and debt obligation needs.
We have an effective shelf registration statement under which we may issue debt or equity securities.
Dividends
On March 20, 2008, we paid a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per share, to shareholders of record on February 25, 2008. On April 23, 2008, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per share, payable May 21, 2008 to shareholders of record on May 7, 2008. The declaration and payment of future dividends to holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on many factors, including our earnings, financial condition, business needs, and regulatory constraints.
Share Repurchases
Our Board of Directors has approved an authorization to purchase, in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, our outstanding common stock, as our management deems appropriate. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we repurchased a total of 2,649,621 shares at an average price of $26.53 (including commission) per share. Share repurchases may continue. No shares of common stock were purchased during 2007.
Accounting Pronouncements
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 161)
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS 161, which amends SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 133), and requires enhanced disclosures regarding the use of derivative instruments, how they are accounted for and how they affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the disclosure requirements of SFAS 161.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains a number of forward-looking statements which relate to anticipated future events rather than actual present conditions or historical events. These statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and generally include words such as “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements in this report include any and all statements regarding expected developments in our insurance business, including losses and loss reserves for asbestos and environmental pollution and other mass tort claims which are more uncertain, and therefore more difficult to estimate than loss reserves respecting traditional property and casualty exposures; the impact of routine ongoing insurance reserve reviews we are conducting; our expectations concerning our revenues, earnings, expenses and investment activities; expected cost savings and other results from our expense reduction and restructuring activities; and our proposed actions in response to trends in our business. Forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to a variety of inherent risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results projected in the forward-looking statement. We cannot control many of these risks and uncertainties. Some examples of these risks and uncertainties are:
 
general economic and business conditions, including inflationary pressures on medical care costs, construction costs and other economic sectors that increase the severity of claims;
 
 
changes in financial markets such as fluctuations in interest rates, long term periods of low interest rates, credit conditions and currency, commodity and stock prices, including the short and long-term effects of losses produced or threatened in relation to sub-prime residential mortgage-backed securities (sub-prime), including claims under directors and officers and errors and omissions coverages in connection with market disruptions recently experienced in relation to the sub-prime crisis in the U.S. economy;
 
 
the effects of corporate bankruptcies and accounting errors on capital markets, and on the markets for directors and officers and errors and omissions coverages;
 
 
changes in foreign or domestic political, social and economic conditions;
 
 
regulatory initiatives and compliance with governmental regulations, judicial decisions, including interpretation of policy provisions, decisions regarding coverage and theories of liability, trends in litigation and the outcome of any litigation involving us, and rulings and changes in tax laws and regulations;
 
 
effects upon insurance markets and upon industry business practices and relationships of current litigation, investigations and regulatory activity by the New York State Attorney General’s office and other authorities concerning contingent commission arrangements with brokers and bid solicitation activities;
 
 
legal and regulatory activities with respect to certain non-traditional and finite-risk insurance products, and possible resulting changes in accounting and financial reporting in relation to such products, including our restatement of financial results in May of 2005 and our relationship with an affiliate, Accord Re Ltd., as disclosed in connection with that restatement;
 
 
regulatory limitations, impositions and restrictions upon us, including the effects of assessments and other surcharges for guaranty funds and second-injury funds and other mandatory pooling arrangements;
 
 
the impact of competitive products, policies and pricing and the competitive environment in which we operate, including changes in our book of business;
 
 
product and policy availability and demand and market responses, including the level of ability to obtain rate increases and decline or non-renew under priced accounts, to achieve premium targets and profitability and to realize growth and retention estimates;
 
 
development of claims and the impact on loss reserves, including changes in claim settlement policies;
 
 
the effectiveness of current initiatives by claims management to reduce loss and expense ratios through more efficacious claims handling techniques;
 
 
the performance of reinsurance companies under reinsurance contracts with us;
 
 
results of financing efforts, including the availability of bank credit facilities;
 
 
changes in our composition of operating segments;

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weather and other natural physical events, including the severity and frequency of storms, hail, snowfall and other winter conditions, natural disasters such as hurricanes and earthquakes, as well as climate change, including effects on weather patterns, greenhouse gases, sea, land and air temperatures, sea levels, rain and snow;
 
 
regulatory requirements imposed by coastal state regulators in the wake of hurricanes or other natural disasters, including limitations on the ability to exit markets or to non-renew, cancel or change terms and conditions in policies, as well as mandatory assessments to fund any shortfalls arising from the inability of quasi-governmental insurers to pay claims;
 
 
man-made disasters, including the possible occurrence of terrorist attacks and the effect of the absence or insufficiency of applicable terrorism legislation on coverages;
 
 
the unpredictability of the nature, targets, severity or frequency of potential terrorist events, as well as the uncertainty as to our ability to contain our terrorism exposure effectively, notwithstanding the extension through December 31, 2014 of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002;
 
 
the occurrence of epidemics;
 
 
exposure to liabilities due to claims made by insureds and others relating to asbestos remediation and health-based asbestos impairments, as well as exposure to liabilities for environmental pollution, construction defect claims and exposure to liabilities due to claims made by insureds and others relating to lead-based paint and other mass torts;
 
 
the sufficiency of our loss reserves and the possibility of future increases in reserves;
 
 
regulatory limitations and restrictions, including limitations upon our ability to receive dividends from our insurance subsidiaries imposed by state regulatory agencies and minimum risk-based capital standards established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners;
 
 
the risks and uncertainties associated with our loss reserves as outlined in the Critical Accounting Estimates and the Reserves — Estimates and Uncertainties sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K;
 
 
the level of success in integrating acquired businesses and operations, and in consolidating, or selling existing ones;
 
 
the possibility of changes in our ratings by ratings agencies, including the inability to access certain markets or distribution channels and the required collateralization of future payment obligations as a result of such changes, and changes in rating agency policies and practices; and
 
 
the actual closing of contemplated transactions and agreements.
Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of the statement, even if our expectations or any related events or circumstances change.

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There were no material changes in our market risk components for the three months ended March 31, 2008. See the Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included in Item 7A of our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2007, as amended by Form 10-K/A which amended Part 1, Item 1 for further information. Additional information related to portfolio duration is discussed in the Investments section of the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Part I, Item 2.

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits to the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis. These disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management on a timely basis to allow decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of March 31, 2008, the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). Based on this evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Information on our legal proceedings is set forth in Notes G and H of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.
Item 2 (c). Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
                                 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities                   Total Number of     Maximum Number of  
            Average Price Paid     Shares Purchased as     Shares that May Yet  
            per Share     Part of Publicly     Be Purchased Under  
    Total Number of     (Including     Announced Plans or     the Plans or  
Period   Shares Purchased(a)     Commission)     Programs     Programs  
January 1, 2008 — January 31, 2008
        $              
February 1, 2008 — February 29, 2008
    1,224,145       27.33              
March 1, 2008 — March 31, 2008
    1,425,476       25.84              
 
                       
Total
    2,649,621     $ 26.53              
(a) The total number of shares purchased represents open-market transactions not pursuant to publicly announced plans or programs.
Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
     
Description of Exhibit   Exhibit Number
 
   
Form of Award Letter to Executive Officers for the Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan for the 2005-2007 Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan Cycle
  10.1
 
   
Form of Award Letter to Executive Officers, along with Form of Award Terms, for the Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan for the 2008-2010 Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan Cycle
  10.2
 
   
Employment Agreement, dated April 11, 2008, between Continental Casualty Company and Larry A. Haefner
  10.3
 
   
Fourth Amendment to the CNA Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, dated December 31, 2007
  10.4
 
   
Acknowledgment to Investment Facilities and Services Agreement, dated January 1, 2008, by and among Loews/CNA Holdings, Inc., CNA Financial Corporation, and Continental Reinsurance Corporation International Limited
  10.5
 
   
Acknowledgment to Investment Facilities and Services Agreement, dated January 1, 2008, by and among Loews/CNA Holdings, Inc., CNA Financial Corporation, and North Rock Insurance Company Limited
  10.6
 
   
Acknowledgment to Investment Facilities and Services Agreement, dated January 1, 2008, by and among Loews/CNA Holdings, Inc., CNA Financial Corporation, and CNA National Warranty Corporation
  10.7
 
   
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
  31.1
 
   
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
  31.2
 
   
Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer of CNA Financial Corporation Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (As adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)
  32.1
 
   
Written Statement of the Chief Financial Officer of CNA Financial Corporation Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (As adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)
  32.2

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CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
         
  CNA Financial Corporation
 
 
Dated: April 25, 2008  By   /s/ D. Craig Mense    
    D. Craig Mense   
    Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer 
 
 

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