Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. - Annual Report: 2015 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015

OR

For the transaction period from __________________ to __________________

Commission File Number: 0-25248

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s Telephone number, including area code: (345) 945-4277

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ¨      No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ¨       No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x       No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Sec. 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes x       No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this 10-K or any amendments to this Form 10-K. [Not Applicable]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ¨      No x

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing sales price for the registrant’s common shares, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on June 30, 2015, was $180,832,579.

As of March 8, 2016, 14,785,922 shares of the registrant’s common shares were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement related to its Annual Shareholders’ Meeting will be subsequently filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as to Part III of this Form 10-K.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including but not limited to, statements regarding our future revenues, future plans, objectives, expectations and events, assumptions and estimates. Forward-looking statements can be identified by use of the words or phrases “will,” “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “estimate,” “project,” “potential,” “believe,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” or similar expressions and variations of such words. Statements that are not historical facts are based on our current expectations, beliefs, assumptions, estimates, forecasts and projections for our business and the industry and markets related to our business.

The forward-looking statements contained in this report are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions which are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed in such forward-looking statements. Important factors which may affect these actual outcomes and results include, without limitation:

The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report speak as of its date. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to update or revise any forward-looking statement contained in this Annual Report to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any forward-looking statement is based, except as may be required by law.

References herein to “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer to Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. and its subsidiaries.

Note Regarding Currency and Exchange Rates

Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “$” or “US$” are to United States dollars.

The exchange rate for conversion of Cayman Island dollars (CI$) into US$, as determined by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority, has been fixed since April 1974 at US$1.20 per CI$1.00.

The exchange rate for conversion of Belize dollars (BZE$) into US$, as determined by the Central Bank of Belize, has been fixed since 1976 at US $0.50 per BZE$1.00.

The exchange rate for conversion of Bahamas dollars (B$) into US$, as determined by the Central Bank of The Bahamas, has been fixed since 1973 at US$1.00 per B$1.00.

The official currency of the British Virgin Islands is the United States dollar.

Our Netherlands subsidiary conducts business in US$ and euros, our Indonesian subsidiary conducts business in US$ dollars and Indonesian rupiahs, and our Mexico subsidiary conducts business in US$ and Mexican pesos. The exchange rates for conversion of euros, rupiahs and Mexican pesos into US$ vary based upon market conditions.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

We develop and operate seawater desalination plants (that utilize reverse osmosis technology) and water distribution systems in areas where naturally occurring supplies of potable water are scarce or nonexistent. Through our subsidiaries and affiliates, we provide the following services to our customers in the Cayman Islands, The Bahamas, Belize, the British Virgin Islands and Indonesia:

As of December 31, 2015, the number of plants we, or our affiliates, operated in each country and the production capacities of these plants are as follows:

(1) In millions of gallons per day.

Strategy

Our strategy is to provide water services in areas where (i) the supply of potable water is scarce and (ii) the production of potable water by reverse osmosis desalination is, or will be, economically viable for customers in those areas. We focus primarily on markets with the following characteristics:

We believe that our potential market includes any location with a demand for, but a limited supply of, potable water and that has access to seawater. The desalination of seawater is the most widely used process for producing potable water in areas with an insufficient natural supply. In addition, in many locations, desalination is the only commercially viable means to expand the existing water supply. We believe that our experience in the development and operation of reverse osmosis desalination plants provides us with the capabilities to successfully expand our operations beyond our existing markets and we expect to do so in the coming years.

Key elements of our strategy include:

Our Company

We conduct our operations in the Cayman Islands, The Bahamas, Belize, the British Virgin Islands, Indonesia, and the United States through the following operating subsidiaries and affiliates:

Our Operations

We have three business segments: retail water operations, bulk water operations and services operations. Our retail water operations supply water to end-users, including residential, commercial and government customers. Our bulk water operations supply water to government-owned distributors. Our retail and bulk operations serve customers in the Cayman Islands, The Bahamas, Belize, the British Virgin Islands and Indonesia. Our services operations provide engineering and management services, which include the design and construction of desalination plants and the management and operation of desalination plants.

For fiscal year 2015, our retail water, bulk water and service operations generated approximately 41%, 56% and 3%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. For information about our business segments and geographical information about our operating revenues and long-lived assets, see Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements at ITEM 8 of this Annual Report.

Retail Water Operations

For fiscal years 2015, 2014 and 2013, our retail water operations accounted for approximately 41%, 37% and 36%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. This business produces and supplies water to end-users, including residential, commercial and government customers in the Cayman Islands and Indonesia.

We sell water through our retail operations to a variety of residential, commercial and government customers through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Cayman Water, which operates under an exclusive license issued to us by the Cayman Islands government. As discussed below, this license was set to expire in July 2010 but has since been extended while negotiations for a new license take place. Pursuant to the license, we have the exclusive right to produce potable water and distribute it by pipeline to our licensed service area which consists of two of the three most populated areas of Grand Cayman Island, Seven Mile Beach and West Bay.

Under our license, we pay a royalty to the government of 7.5% of our gross retail water sales revenues (excluding energy cost adjustments). The selling prices of water sold to our customers are determined by the license and vary depending upon the type and location of the customer and the monthly volume of water purchased. The license provides for an automatic adjustment for inflation or deflation on an annual basis, subject to temporary limited exceptions, and an automatic adjustment for the cost of electricity on a monthly basis. The Water Authority-Cayman (“WAC”), on behalf of the government, reviews and confirms the calculations of the price adjustments for inflation and electricity costs. If we wish to adjust our prices for any reason other than inflation or electricity costs, we must request prior approval of the Cabinet of the Cayman Islands government. Disputes regarding price adjustments would be referred to arbitration.

This license was set to expire on July 10, 2010; however, we and the Cayman Islands government have extended the license several times in order to provide sufficient time to negotiate the terms of a new license agreement. The most recent extension of our license was scheduled to expire December 31, 2015, however, we have been informed by the WAC that our license will be extended through June 30, 2016 and that formal documentation of such extension is in process.

In February 2011, the Water (Production and Supply) Law, 2011 and the Water Authority (Amendment) Law, 2011 (the “New Laws”) were published and enacted. Under the New Laws, the WAC will issue any new license, and such new license could include a rate of return on invested capital model as discussed in the following paragraph.

Following the enactment of the New Laws, we were advised in correspondence from the Cayman Islands government and the WAC that: (i) the WAC is the principal negotiator, and not the Cayman Islands government, in our license negotiations, and (ii) the WAC had determined that a rate of return on invested capital model (“RCAM”) for the retail license is in the best interest of the public and our customers. RCAM is the rate model currently utilized in the electricity transmission and distribution license granted by the Cayman Islands government to the Caribbean Utilities Company, Ltd. We responded to the Cayman Islands government that we disagreed with its position on these two matters and negotiations for a new license temporarily ceased.

In July 2012, in an effort to resolve several issues relating to our retail license renewal negotiations, we filed an Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review (the “Application”) with the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands (the “Court”), stating that: (i) certain provisions of the New Laws appear to be incompatible, (ii) the WAC’s roles as the principal license negotiator, statutory regulator and our competitor put the WAC in a position of hopeless conflict, and (iii) the WAC’s decision to replace the rate structure under our current exclusive license with RCAM was predetermined and unreasonable. In October 2012, we were notified that the Court agreed to consider the issues outlined in the Application.

The hearing for this judicial review was held on April 1, 2014. Prior to the commencement of the hearing, the parties agreed that the Court should solely be concerned with the interpretation of the statutory provisions. As part of this agreement, the WAC agreed to consider our submissions on the RCAM model and/or alternative models of pricing. In June 2014, the Court determined that: (i) the renewal of the license does not require a public bidding process; and (ii) the WAC is the proper entity to negotiate with us for the renewal of the license.

Our submissions on the RCAM model and/or alternative models of pricing were made to the WAC on June 9, 2014. We received a letter from the WAC dated September 11, 2014, which fully rejected our submissions and stated that they intended to provide us with a draft RCAM license in due course.

On November 21, 2014, we wrote to the Minister of Works offering to recommence license negotiations on the basis of the RCAM model subject to certain conditions which are: (i) the Government would undertake to amend the current water legislation to provide for an independent regulator and a fair and balanced regulatory regime more consistent with that provided under the electrical utility regulatory regime, (ii) the Government and we would mutually appoint an independent referee and chairman of the negotiations, (iii) our new license would provide exclusivity for the production and provision of all piped water, both potable and non-potable, within its Cayman Islands license area, (iv) the Government would allow us to submit our counter proposal to the WAC’s June 2010 RCAM license draft, and (v) the principle of subsidization of residential customer rates by commercial customer rates would continue under a new license. On March 23 2015, we received a letter from the Minister of Works with the following responses to our November 21, 2014 letter: (1) while the Cayman government plans to create a new public utilities commission, the provision of the new retail license will not depend upon the formation of such a commission; (2) any consideration regarding inclusion of the exclusive right to sell non-potable water within the area covered by the retail license will not take place until after the draft license has proceeded through the review process of the negotiations; (3) rather than allow us to submit our counter proposal to the WAC’s June 2010 RCAM license draft, the WAC will draft the license with the understanding that we will be allowed to propose amendments thereto; (4) the principle of subsidization of residential customer rates by commercial customer rates would continue under the new license; and (5) a request that we consider eliminating the monthly minimum volume charge in the new license.

We recommenced license negotiations with the WAC during the third quarter of 2015 based upon a draft RCAM license provided by the WAC. Such license negotiations remain on-going. We are presently unable to determine when such negotiations will be completed or the final outcome of such negotiations.

See further discussion of this matter at ITEM 1.A. RISK FACTORS and ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Material Commitments, Expenditures and Contingencies.

Facilities

Our retail operations in the Cayman Islands produce potable water at four reverse osmosis seawater conversion plants in Grand Cayman located at our Abel Castillo Water Works (“ACWW”), Britannia and West Bay sites. We own the land for our ACWW and West Bay plants and have entered into a lease for the land for our Britannia plant that expires January 1, 2027. The current production capacity of the two plants located at ACWW is 2.2 million gallons of water per day. The production capacity of the Britannia plant is 715,000 gallons of water per day. The production capacity of the West Bay plant is 910,000 gallons of water per day.

Electricity to our plants is supplied by Caribbean Utilities Co. Ltd., a publicly traded utility company. We maintain diesel engine-driven standby generators at all three retail plant sites with sufficient capacity to operate our distribution pumps and other essential equipment during any temporary interruptions in electricity supply. Standby generation capacity is available at our West Bay plant and ACWW plants to operate a portion of the water production capacity as well.

In the event of an emergency, our distribution system is connected to the distribution system of the WAC. In prior years, we have purchased water from the WAC for brief periods of time and have also sold potable water to the WAC from our retail plants.

Our pipeline system on Grand Cayman covers the Seven Mile Beach and West Bay areas and consists of approximately 90 miles of potable water pipeline. We extend our distribution system periodically as demand warrants. We have a main pipe loop covering the Seven Mile Beach and West Bay areas. We place extensions of smaller diameter pipe off our main pipe to service new developments in our service area. This system of building branches from the main pipe keeps construction costs low and allows us to provide service to new areas in a timely manner. Developers are responsible for laying the pipeline within their developments at their own cost, but in accordance with our specifications. When a development is completed, the developer then transfers operation and maintenance of the pipeline to us.

Customers

We enter into contracts with hotels, condominiums, residential homes and other properties located in our existing licensed area to provide potable water. In the Seven Mile Beach area, our primary customers are the hotels and condominium complexes that serve the tourist industry. In the West Bay area, our primary customers are residential homes.

We bill our customers on a monthly basis based on metered consumption and bills are typically collected within 30 to 35 days after the billing date. Receivables not collected within 45 days subject the customer to disconnection from water service. In 2015, 2014 and 2013, bad debts represented less than 1% of our total annual retail sales. In addition to their past due invoice balance, customers that have had their service disconnected must pay re-connection charges.

Historically, demand on our pipeline distribution has varied throughout the year. Demand depends upon various factors including the number of tourists visiting and the amount of rainfall during any particular time of the year and other cyclical climate conditions. In general, the majority of tourists come from the United States during the winter which is also the dry season.

Developing Retail Operations in Bali, Indonesia

During the latter half of 2012, we commenced, through our subsidiary, PT Consolidated Water Bali, the construction of a seawater reverse osmosis (“SWRO”) plant with an initial capacity of 264,000 gallons per day in Nusa Dua, one of the primary tourist areas of Bali, Indonesia. Nusa Dua has a target customer profile consisting of tourist resorts and luxury/vacation residences comparable to our retail service area on Grand Cayman. We believe the water demands of these properties in Nusa Dua already exceed the supply capacity of the local public water utility, will soon exceed other local sources (such as wells), and that other areas of Bali will also eventually experience fresh water shortages. However, as SWRO has not been employed to any meaningful extent in Bali, we concluded that to obtain customers in Bali we must first demonstrate the viability of SWRO as well as our capabilities and expertise. Consequently, we elected to construct this plant before obtaining water supply agreements for its production. During 2014, we expanded the capacity of this plant to 790,000 gallons per day. We believe sufficient demand exists in Nusa Dua to enable us to sell all of the plant’s capacity, although we cannot assure that we will be able to do so. As of December 31, 2015, the capitalized costs for this plant reflected on our consolidated balance sheet were approximately $3.0 million.

See further discussion of our Bali retail operations at ITEM 1.A. RISK FACTORS and ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Bulk Water Operations

For fiscal years 2015, 2014 and 2013, our bulk water operations accounted for approximately 56%, 60% and 63%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. This business produces potable water from seawater and sells this water to governments in the Cayman Islands, Belize and The Bahamas.

Bulk Water Operations in the Cayman Islands

Through our wholly-owned subsidiary OC-Cayman we provide bulk water on a take-or-pay basis to the WAC, a government owned utility and regulatory agency, under various agreements. The WAC in turn distributes that water to properties in the parts of Grand Cayman that are outside of our retail license area.

The water we sell to the WAC is produced at three reverse osmosis seawater conversion plants in Grand Cayman that are owned by the WAC but designed, built and operated by OC-Cayman: the Red Gate, North Sound and North Side Water Works plants, which have production capacities of approximately 1.3 million, 1.6 million and 2.4 million gallons of water per day, respectively. The plants that we operate for the WAC are located on land owned by the WAC.

The current operating agreement for the Red Gate plant expires in July 2017. The current operating agreement for the North Sound plant expires in April 2017. The current operating agreement for the North Side Water Works plant expires in June 2019.

Bulk Water Operations in Belize

In Belize, we sell bulk water through our wholly-owned subsidiary CW-Belize.

Facilities

We own the reverse osmosis seawater conversion plant in Belize and lease the land on which our plant is located from the Belize government at an annual rent of BZE$1.00. The land lease expires in March 2026. The production capacity of the plant is 600,000 gallons of water per day.

Electricity to our plant is supplied by Belize Electricity Limited. At the plant site, we maintain a diesel engine-driven, standby generator with sufficient capacity to operate 100% of our water production equipment during any temporary interruption in the electricity supply.

Customers

In Ambergris Caye, Belize we are the exclusive provider of water to Belize Water Services Ltd. (“BWSL”), a government controlled entity which distributes the water through its own pipeline system to residential, commercial and tourist properties. BWSL distributes our water primarily to residential properties, small hotels, and businesses that serve the tourist market. The base price of water supplied, and adjustments thereto, are determined by the terms of the contract, which provides for annual adjustments based upon the movement in the government price indices specified in the contract, as well as monthly adjustments for changes in the cost of diesel fuel and electricity.

We have an exclusive contract with BWSL to supply a minimum of 2.03 million gallons of water per week or, upon demand, up to 2.94 million gallons per week, on a take-or-pay basis. This contract expires on March 23, 2026. BWSL has the right, with six months advance notice before the expiration date, to renew the contract for a further 25-year period on the same terms and conditions.

Bulk Water Operations in The Bahamas

We sell bulk water in The Bahamas to the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas (“WSC”) and to a private resort on Bimini through our majority-owned subsidiary, CW-Bahamas.

Facilities

We currently supply bulk water in The Bahamas from our Windsor, Blue Hills and Bimini plants.

The water supply agreement for our Windsor plant, which has a capacity of 3.1 million gallons per day, was scheduled to expire in July 2013. As discussed hereinafter, (see “Customers”) at present CW-Bahamas continues to supply water from the Windsor plant on a month-to-month basis at the request of the government of The Bahamas.

We supply water from the Blue Hills plant, our Company’s largest seawater conversion facility with a capacity of 12.0 million gallons per day under the terms of a water supply agreement with the WSC that expires in March 2032.

The Bimini plant has a capacity of 115,000 gallons per day and supplies water to a private resort under a water supply agreement that expires in December 2020.

The high-pressure pumps at our Windsor and Blue Hills plants in the Bahamas are diesel engine-driven. Electricity for the remainder of our plant operations is supplied by Bahamas Electricity Corporation. We maintain a standby generator with sufficient capacity to operate essential equipment at our Windsor and Blue Hills plants and are able to produce 100% of the production capacity with these plants during temporary interruptions in the electricity supply.

Customers

We provide bulk water to the WSC, which distributes the water through its own pipeline system to residential, commercial and tourist properties on the Island of New Providence.

Pursuant to a water supply agreement, we were required to provide the WSC with at least 16.8 million gallons per week of potable water from the Windsor plant. This water supply agreement was scheduled to expire when we delivered the total amount of water required under the agreement in July 2013, but has been extended on a month-to-month basis. At the conclusion of the agreement, the WSC has the option to:

At the request of the government of The Bahamas, we continue to operate and maintain the Windsor plant on a month-to-month basis to provide the government of The Bahamas with additional time to decide whether or not it will extend CW-Bahamas’ water supply agreement for the Windsor plant on a long-term basis.

Under the terms of the water supply agreement for our Blue Hills plant, we are required to deliver and the WSC is required to purchase a minimum of 63.0 million gallons per week. The term of the Blue Hills water supply agreement expires the later of March 2032 or the date we deliver the total amount of water required under the agreement. At the conclusion of the agreement, the WSC has the option to:

Services Operations

For fiscal years 2015, 2014 and 2013, our services operations accounted for approximately 3%, 3% and 1%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues and are comprised of businesses providing services in the Cayman Islands, The Bahamas, and the British Virgin Islands. These businesses provide engineering and management services, which include designing and constructing desalination plants, and managing and operating plants owned by affiliated companies.

We provide design, engineering and construction services for desalination projects through DesalCo, which is recognized by suppliers as an original equipment manufacturer of reverse osmosis seawater desalination plants for our Company. DesalCo also provides management services to our affiliates.

Our engineering department also conducts research and development. We frequently test new components and technology offered by suppliers in our business and, at times, we collaborate with suppliers in the development of their products.

Aquilex, Inc., our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary located in Coral Springs, Florida, provides financial, engineering and supply chain support services to our operating segments.

Affiliate Operations

Our affiliate, OC-BVI, sells water to the Government of the British Virgin Islands Water and Sewerage Department (“BVIW&S”). We own 50% of the voting shares of OC-BVI and have an overall 43.53% equity interest in the profits of OC-BVI. We also own separate profit sharing rights in OC-BVI that raise our effective interest in OC-BVI’s profits from 43.53% to approximately 45%. Sage Water Holdings (BVI) Limited (“Sage”) owns the remaining 50% of the voting shares of OC-BVI and the remaining 55% interest in its profits. Under the Articles of Association of OC-BVI, we have the right to appoint three of the six directors of OC-BVI. Sage is entitled to appoint the remaining three directors. In the event of a tied vote of the directors, the President of the Caribbean Water and Wastewater Association, a regional trade association comprised primarily of government representatives, is entitled to appoint a junior director to cast a deciding vote.

We provide certain engineering and administrative services to OC-BVI for a monthly fee and a bonus arrangement which provides for payment of 4% of the net operating income of OC-BVI.

We account for our interests in OC-BVI using the equity method of accounting.

Customers

OC-BVI sells bulk water to BVIW&S, which distributes the water through its own pipeline system to residential, commercial and tourist properties on the islands of Tortola and Jost Van Dyke in the British Virgin Islands. OC-BVI provides operating, engineering and procurement services for the Baughers Bay plant under a short-term agreement with Sage.

Facilities

OC-BVI owns and operates a 720,000 gallons per day plant at Bar Bay, Tortola, that supplies water to the BVI government under a contract dated March 4, 2010 that has a term of seven years with a seven-year renewal option exercisable by the BVI government. OC-BVI purchases electrical power to operate this plant from BVI Electric Co. and operate diesel engine driven emergency power generators which can produce 100% of the plant’s production capacity when BVI Electric Co. is unable to provide power to the plant.

OC-BVI’s plant on the island of Jost Van Dyke has a capacity of 60,000 gallons per day. This plant operates under a 10-year contract with the BVI government that expired July 8, 2013. Pursuant to the contract, OC-BVI is operating the plant on a year-to-year basis until the BVI government informs OC-BVI of its intention to extend the existing, or enter into a new agreement. We purchase electrical power to operate this plant from BVI Electric Co.

Reverse Osmosis Technology

The conversion of seawater to potable water is called desalination. The two primary forms of desalination are distillation and reverse osmosis. Both methods are used throughout the world and technologies are improving to lower the costs of production. Reverse osmosis is a fluid separation process in which the saline water (i.e. seawater) is pressurized and the fresh water is separated from the saline water by passing through a semi-permeable membrane which rejects the salts. The saline water is first passed through a pretreatment system, which generally consists of fine filtration and treatment chemicals, if required. Pre-treatment removes suspended solids and organics which could cause fouling of the membrane surface. Next, a high-pressure pump pressurizes the saline water thus enabling approximately 40% conversion of the saline water to fresh water as it passes through the membrane, while more than 99% of the dissolved salts are rejected and remain in the now concentrated saline water. This concentrate is discharged without passing through the membrane; however, the remaining hydraulic energy in the concentrate is transferred to the initial saline feed water with an energy recovery device thus reducing the total energy requirement for the reverse osmosis system. The final step is post-treatment, which consists of stabilizing the produced fresh water (thereby removing undesirable dissolved gases), adjusting the pH and providing chlorination to prepare it for distribution.

We use reverse osmosis technology to convert seawater to potable water at all of the plants we construct and operate. We believe that this technology is the most effective and efficient conversion process for our markets. However, we are always seeking ways to maximize efficiencies in our current processes and investigating new, more efficient processes to convert seawater to potable water. The equipment at our plants is among the most energy efficient available and we monitor and maintain the equipment in an efficient manner. As a result of our decades of experience in seawater desalination, we believe our expertise and “know how” in the development and operation of desalination plants and similar facilities is easily transferable to locations outside of our current operating areas.

Raw Materials and Sources of Supply

All materials, parts and supplies essential to our business operations are obtained from multiple sources and we use the latest industry technology. We do not manufacture any parts or components for equipment essential to our business. Our access to seawater for processing into potable water is granted through our licenses and contracts with governments of the various jurisdictions in which we have our operations.

Seasonal Variations in Our Business

Our operations are affected by the levels of tourism and are subject to seasonal variations in our service areas. Demand for our water in the Cayman Islands, Belize, and the Bahamas is affected by variations in the level of tourism and local weather, primarily rainfall. Tourism in our service areas is affected by the economies of the tourists’ home countries, primarily the United States and Europe, terrorist activity and perceived threats thereof, and increased costs of fuel and airfares. We normally sell more water during the first and second quarters, when the number of tourists is greater and local rainfall is less in our markets, than in the third and fourth quarters.

Government Regulations, Custom Duties and Taxes

Our operations and activities are subject to the governmental regulations and taxes of the countries in which we operate. The following summary of regulatory developments and legislation does not purport to describe all present and proposed regulation and legislation that may affect our businesses. Legislative or regulatory requirements currently applicable to our businesses may change in the future. Any such changes could impose new obligations on us that may adversely affect our businesses and operating results.

The Cayman Islands

The Cayman Islands are a British Overseas Territory and have had a stable political climate since 1670, when the Treaty of Madrid ceded the Cayman Islands to England. The Queen of England appoints the Governor of the Cayman Islands to make laws with the advice and consent of the legislative assembly. The legislative assembly consists of 18 elected members and two members appointed by the Governor from the Civil Service. The Cabinet is responsible for day-to-day government operations. The Cabinet consists of seven ministers who are chosen by the Premier from its 18 popularly elected members, and the two Civil Service members. The elected members choose from among themselves a leader, who is designated the Premier, and is in effect the leader of the elected government. The Governor has reserved powers and the United Kingdom retains full control over foreign affairs and defense. The Cayman Islands are a common law jurisdiction and have adopted a legal system similar to that of the United Kingdom.

The Cayman Islands have no taxes on profits, income, distributions, capital gains or appreciation. We have exemptions from, or receive concessionary rates of customs duties on capital expenditures for plant and major consumable spare parts and supplies imported into the Cayman Islands under our retail water license. We do not pay import duty or taxes on reverse osmosis membranes, electric pumps and motors, and chemicals, but we do pay duty at the rate of 10% of the cost, including insurance and transportation to the Cayman Islands, of other plant and associated materials and equipment to manufacture or supply water in the Seven Mile Beach or West Bay areas. We have been advised by the Government of the Cayman Islands that we will not receive any duty concessions in our new retail water license.

The Bahamas

The Commonwealth of The Bahamas is an independent nation and a constitutional parliamentary democracy with the Queen of England as the constitutional head of state. The basis of the Bahamian law and legal system is the English common law tradition with a Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, and a Magistrates court.

Under the current laws of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, no income, corporation, capital gains or other taxes are payable by us. We are required to pay an annual business license fee (the calculation of which is based on our preceding year’s financial statements) which to date has not been material to the results of our Bahamas operations.

Belize

Belize achieved full independence from the United Kingdom in 1981. Today, Belize is a constitutional monarchy with the adoption of a constitution in 1981. Based on the British model with three independent branches, the Queen of England is the constitutional head of state, represented by a Governor General. A Prime Minister and cabinet make up the executive branch, while a 31 member elected House of Representatives and a 13 member appointed Senate form a bicameral legislature. The cabinet consists of a prime minister, other ministers and ministers of state who are appointed by the Governor-General on the advice of the Prime Minister, who has the support of the majority party in the House of Representatives. Belize is an English common law jurisdiction with a Supreme Court, Court of Appeals and local Magistrate Courts.

The Government of Belize has exempted CW-Belize from certain customs duties and all revenue replacement duties until April 18, 2026, and had exempted CW-Belize from company taxes until January 28, 2006. Belize levies a gross receipts tax on corporations at a rate varying between 0.75% and 25%, depending on the type of business, and a corporate income tax at a rate of 25% of chargeable income. Gross receipts tax payable amounts are credited towards corporate income tax. The Government of Belize also implemented certain environmental taxes and a general sales tax effective July 1, 2006 and increased certain business and personal taxes and created new taxes effective March 1, 2005. Belize levies import duty on most imported items at rates varying between 0% and 45%, with most items attracting a rate of 20%. Under the terms of our water supply agreement with BWSL we are reimbursed by BWSL for all taxes and customs duties that we are required to pay and we record this reimbursement as an offset to our tax expense.

The British Virgin Islands

The British Virgin Islands (the “BVI”) is a British Overseas Territory, with the Queen as the Head of State and Her Majesty’s representative, the Governor, responsible for external affairs, defense and internal security, the Civil Service and administration of the courts. Since 1967, the BVI has held responsibility for its own internal affairs.

The BVI Constitution provides for the people of the BVI to be represented by a ministerial system of government, led by an elected Premier, a Cabinet of Ministers and the House of Assembly. The House of Assembly consists of 13 elected representatives, the Attorney General, and the Speaker.

The judicial system, based on English law, is under the direction of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, which includes the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal. The ultimate appellate court is the Privy Council in London.

Bali, Indonesia

Bali is an Indonesian island with a population of over four million located between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. Bali is one of the world’s premier island tourist destinations, home to numerous four and five star resorts. Bali is renowned for its highly developed arts, beautiful surroundings (both mountain and coastal areas), diverse tourist attractions, excellent international and local restaurants, and the friendliness of the local people. Under the current laws of Bali, Indonesia, we are subject to corporate income taxes.

Market and Service Area

Although we currently operate in the Cayman Islands, Belize, the British Virgin Islands, The Commonwealth of The Bahamas, and Indonesia, we believe that our potential market consists of any location where a need exists for potable water and with access to seawater or brackish water. The desalination of seawater, either through distillation or reverse osmosis, is the most widely used process for producing potable water in areas with an insufficient natural supply. We believe our experience in the development and operation of reverse osmosis desalination plants provides us with a significant opportunity to successfully expand our operations beyond the markets in which we currently operate.

Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands government, through the WAC, supplies water to parts of Grand Cayman, which are not within our licensed area, as well as to Cayman Brac. We operate all but one of the reverse osmosis desalination plants owned by the WAC on Grand Cayman and supply water under licenses and supply agreements held by OC-Cayman with the WAC.

According to the most recent information published by the Economics and Statistics Office of the Cayman Islands Government, the population of the Cayman Islands was estimated in December 2015 to be 60,413. According to the figures published by the Department of Tourism Statistics Information Center, during the year ended December 31, 2015, tourist air arrivals increased by less than 1% and tourist cruise ship arrivals increased by 6.7% compared to 2014.

Total visitors for the year increased from 2.0 million in 2014 to 2.1 million in 2015. We believe that our water sales in the Cayman Islands are more positively impacted by stay-over tourists that arrive by air than by those arriving by cruise ship, since cruise ship tourists generally only visit the island for one day or less and do not remain on the island overnight.

The Bahamas. On South Bimini Island in The Bahamas, we supply water to a private developer and do not have competitors. GE Water operates a seawater desalination plant on North Bimini Island and other small family islands. We competed with companies such as GE Water, Veolia, IDE, OHL Inima and Biwater for the contract with the Bahamian government to build and operate a seawater desalination plant at Blue Hills, New Providence, Bahamas. We expect to compete with these companies and others for any future water supply contracts in The Bahamas.

Belize. Our current operations in Belize are located on Ambergris Caye, which consists of residential, commercial and tourist properties in the town of San Pedro. This town is located on the southern end of Ambergris Caye, one of many islands located east of the Belize mainland and off the southeastern tip of the Yucatan Peninsula. Ambergris Caye is approximately 25 miles long and, according to the Central Statistical Office “Belize: 2010 National Census Overview”, has a population of about 11,500 residents. We provide bulk potable water to BWSL, which distributes this water to this market. BWSL currently has no other source of potable water on Ambergris Caye. Our contract with BWSL makes us their exclusive producer of desalinated water on Ambergris Caye through 2026.

A 185 mile long barrier reef, which is the largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere, is situated just offshore of Ambergris Caye. This natural attraction is a choice destination for scuba divers and tourists. According to information published by the Belize Trade and Investment Development Service, tourism is Belize’s second largest source of foreign income, next to agriculture.

British Virgin Islands. The British Virgin Islands are a British Overseas Territory and are situated east of Puerto Rico. They consist of 16 inhabited and more than 20 uninhabited islands, of which Tortola is the largest and most populated. The British Virgin Islands serve as a hub for many large yacht-chartering businesses.

Competition

Cayman Islands. Pursuant to our license granted by the Cayman Islands government, we have the exclusive right to provide potable, piped water within our licensed service area on Grand Cayman. At the present time, we are the only non-government-owned public water utility on Grand Cayman. The Cayman Islands government, through the WAC, supplies water to parts of Grand Cayman located outside of our licensed service area. Although we have no competition within our exclusive retail license service area for potable water, our ability to expand our service area is at the discretion of the Cayman Island government. Private residences and commercial multi-unit dwellings up to four units may install potable water making equipment for their own use. Water plants on premises within our license area and serving only their premises in existence prior to 1991 can be maintained but not replaced or expanded. We are aware of only one such plant currently in operation. The Cayman Islands government, through the WAC, supplies water to parts of Grand Cayman outside of our licensed service area. We have competed with such companies as GE Water, Veolia, and IDE for bulk water supply contracts with the WAC.

The Bahamas. On South Bimini Island in The Bahamas, we supply water to a private developer and do not have competitors. GE Water operates a seawater desalination plant on North Bimini Island and other small islands. We competed with companies such as GE Water, Veolia, IDE, OHL Inima and Biwater for the contract with the Bahamian government to build and operate a seawater desalination plant at Blue Hills, New Providence, Bahamas. We expect to compete with these companies and others for any future water supply contracts in The Bahamas.

Belize. On Ambergris Caye in Belize, our water supply contract with Belize Water Services Limited is exclusive, and Belize Water Services Limited cannot seek contracts with other water suppliers, or produce water itself, to meet their future needs in San Pedro, Ambergris Caye, Belize.

British Virgin Islands. In the British Virgin Islands, GE Water operates seawater desalination plants in West End, Tortola, and on Virgin Gorda and generally bids against OC-BVI for projects. In 2010, Biwater PLC negotiated a 16 year contract on a sole sourced basis, pursuant to which it has constructed and is operating a 2.75 million gallon per day desalination plant in Parakeeta Bay, Tortola for the British Virgin Islands government.

Bali, Indonesia. In Bali, we compete against local water treatment equipment suppliers who provide equipment and services to individual resort properties.

To implement our growth strategy outside our existing operating areas, we will have to compete with some of the same companies we competed with for the Blue Hills project in Nassau, Bahamas such as GE Water, Veolia, IDE Technologies, GS Inima, and Biwater as well as other companies. Some of these companies currently operate in areas in which we would like to expand our operations and already maintain worldwide operations having greater financial, managerial and other resources than our company. We believe that our low overhead costs, knowledge of local markets and conditions and our efficient manner of operating desalinated water production and distribution equipment provide us with the capabilities to effectively compete for new projects in the Caribbean basin and other select markets.

Environmental and Health Regulatory Matters

Cayman Islands. With respect to our Cayman Islands operations, we operate our water plants in accordance with guidelines of the Cayman Islands Department of Environmental Health. We are licensed by the WAC to discharge concentrated seawater, which is a byproduct of our desalination process, into deep disposal wells.

Our Cayman Islands license requires that our potable water quality meet the World Health Organization’s Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality and contain less than 200 mg/l of total dissolved solids.

The Bahamas, Belize, and British Virgin Islands. With respect to our Bahamas and Belize operations and OC-BVI’s British Virgin Islands operations, we and OC-BVI are required by our water supply contracts to take all reasonable measures to prevent pollution of the environment. We are licensed by the Belize and Bahamian governments to discharge concentrated seawater, which is a by-product of our desalination process, into deep disposal wells. OC-BVI is licensed by the British Virgin Islands government to discharge concentrated seawater into the sea. At several of our locations hydrogen sulfide gas is present in the seawater and we operate our plants in a manner so as to minimize the emission of airborne gas into the environment.

We are not aware of any existing or pending environmental legislation which may affect our operations. To date, we have not received any complaints from any regulatory authorities.

Employees

As of March 8, 2016, we employed a total of 127 persons, 67 in the Cayman Islands, 21 in The Bahamas, 22 in the United States, seven in Belize and five in Asia. We also managed the five employees of OC-BVI in the British Virgin Islands. We have 10 management employees and 34 administrative and clerical employees. The remaining employees are engaged in engineering, purchasing, plant maintenance and operations, pipe laying and repair, leak detection, new customer connections, meter reading and laboratory analysis of water quality. None of our employees is a party to a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relationships with our employees to be good.

Available Information

Our website address is http://www.cwco.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report, and you should not consider information contained on our website as part of this Annual Report.

We have adopted a written code of conduct and ethics that applies to all of our employees and directors, including, but not limited to, our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, the charters of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Nominations and Corporate Governance Committee and the Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. Corporate Governance Guidelines of our Board of Directors, are available at the Investors portion of our website.

You may access, free of charge, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on Form 8-K, plus amendments to such reports as filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, on our website and on the website of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. In addition, paper copies of these documents may be obtained free of charge by writing us at the following address: Consolidated Water Co. Ltd., Regatta Office Park, Windward Three, 4th Floor, West Bay Road, P.O. Box 1114, Grand Cayman, KY1-1102, Cayman Islands, Attention: Investor Relations; or by calling us at (345) 945-4277.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common shares involves risks. Prior to making a decision about investing in our common shares, you should consider carefully the factors discussed below and the information contained in this Annual Report. Each of these risks, as well as other risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial, could adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, and cause the value of our common shares to decline, which may result in the loss of part or all of your investment.

Our exclusive license to provide water to retail customers in the Cayman Islands may not be renewed in the future.

In the Cayman Islands, we provide water to retail customers under a license issued in July 1990 by the Cayman Islands government that grants our subsidiary, Cayman Water, the exclusive right to provide water to retail customers within our licensed service area. Our service area is comprised of an area on Grand Cayman that includes the Seven Mile Beach and West Bay areas, two of the three most populated areas in the Cayman Islands. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we generated approximately 40%, 36% and 36%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues and approximately 55%, 53% and 52%, respectively, of our consolidated gross profits from the retail water operations conducted pursuant to this license. If we are not in default of any of its terms, the license provides us with the right to renew the license on terms that are no less favorable than those that the government offers to any third party.

This license was set to expire on July 10, 2010; however, the Cayman Islands government and we have extended the license several times in order to provide sufficient time to negotiate the terms of a new license agreement. The most recent extension of our license was scheduled to expire on December 31, 2015, however, we have been informed by the Water Authority- Cayman (“WAC”) that our license will be extended through June 30, 2016 and that formal documentation of such extension is in process.

In February 2011, the Water (Production and Supply) Law, 2011 and the Water Authority (Amendment) Law, 2011 (the “New Laws”) were published and enacted. Under the New Laws, the WAC will issue any new license, and such new license could include a rate of return on invested capital model, as discussed in the following paragraph.

Following the enactment of the New Laws, we were advised in correspondence from the Cayman Islands government and the WAC that: (i) the WAC is the principal negotiator, and not the Cayman Islands government, in our license negotiations, and (ii) the WAC had determined that a rate of return on invested capital model (“RCAM”) for the retail license is in the best interest of the public and our customers. RCAM is the rate model currently utilized in the electricity transmission and distribution license granted by the Cayman Islands government to the Caribbean Utilities Company, Ltd. We responded to the Cayman Islands government that we disagreed with its position on these two matters and negotiations for a new license temporarily ceased.

In July 2012, in an effort to resolve several issues relating to our retail license renewal negotiations, we filed an Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review (the “Application”) with the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands (the “Court”), stating that: (i) certain provisions of the New Laws appear to be incompatible, (ii) the WAC’s roles as the principal license negotiator, statutory regulator and our competitor put the WAC in a position of hopeless conflict, and (iii) the WAC’s decision to replace the rate structure under our current exclusive license with RCAM was predetermined and unreasonable. In October 2012, we were notified that the Court agreed to consider the issues outlined in the Application.

The hearing for this judicial review was held on April 1, 2014. Prior to the commencement of the hearing, the parties agreed that the Court should solely be concerned with the interpretation of the statutory provisions. As part of this agreement, the WAC agreed to consider our submissions on the RCAM model and/or alternative models of pricing. In June 2014, the Court determined that: (i) the renewal of the license does not require a public bidding process; and (ii) the WAC is the proper entity to negotiate with us for the renewal of the license.

Our submissions on the RCAM model and/or alternative models of pricing were made to the WAC on June 9, 2014. We received a letter from the WAC dated September 11, 2014, which fully rejected our submissions and stated that the WAC intend to provide us with a draft RCAM license in due course.

On November 21, 2014, we wrote to the Minister of Works offering to recommence license negotiations on the basis of the RCAM model subject to certain conditions which are: (i) the Government would undertake to amend the current water legislation to provide for an independent regulator and a fair and balanced regulatory regime more consistent with that provided under the electrical utility regulatory regime, (ii) the Government and we would mutually appoint an independent referee and chairman of the negotiations, (iii) our new license would provide exclusivity for the production and provision of all piped water, both potable and non-potable, within our Cayman Islands license area, (iv) the Government would allow us to submit our counter proposal to the WAC’s June 2010 RCAM license draft, and (v) the principle of subsidization of residential customer rates by commercial customer rates would continue under a new license. On March 23 2015, we received a letter from the Minister of Works with the following responses to our November 21, 2014 letter: (1) that while the Cayman government plans to create a public utilities commission, the provision of a new license will not depend upon the formation of such a commission; (2) any consideration regarding inclusion of the exclusive right to sell non-potable water within the area covered by the retail license will not take place until after the draft license has proceeded through the review process of the negotiations; (3) rather than allow us to submit a counter proposal to the WAC’s June 2010 RCAM license draft, the WAC will draft the license with the understanding that we will be allowed to propose amendments thereto; (4) the principle of subsidization of residential customer rates by commercial customer rates would continue under the new license; and (5) a request that we consider eliminating our monthly minimum volume charge in the new license.

We recommenced license negotiations with the WAC during the third quarter of 2015 based upon a draft RCAM license provided by the WAC. Such license negotiations remain on-going. We are presently unable to determine when such negotiations will be completed or the final outcome of such negotiations.

The Cayman Islands government could ultimately offer a third party a license to service some or all of our present service area. However, as set forth in the existing license, “the Governor hereby agrees that upon the expiry of the term of this Licence or any extension thereof, he will not grant a licence or franchise to any other person or company for the processing, distribution, sale and supply of water within the Licence Area without having first offered such a licence or franchise to the Company on terms no less favourable than the terms offered to such other person or company.”

The resolution of these license negotiations could result in a material reduction of the operating income and cash flows we have historically generated from our retail operations and could require us to record an impairment charge to reduce the $3,499,037 carrying value of our goodwill. Such impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

Our bulk water supply agreements with our customers in the Cayman Islands and The Bahamas may not be renewed or may be renewed on terms less favorable to us.

All of our bulk water supply agreements are for fixed terms, and such agreements for plants that we operate but are owned by our customers provide for our customers to take over the operations of the plant upon expiration of the agreements.

Our bulk water supply agreements with the WAC for their North Sound and Red Gate plants expire in April 2017 and July 2017 respectively. Our bulk water supply agreement with the WAC for their North Side Water Works plant expires in June 2019. We generated $3.0 million, $3.0 million, and $2.4 million in revenues from the North Sound, Red Gate, and North Side Water Works plants, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2015.

The water supply agreement with the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas (“WSC”) for our Windsor plant was scheduled to expire with the delivery of the total amount of water required under the agreement in July 2013, but has since been extended on a month-to-month basis. At the request of the government of The Bahamas, we continue to maintain and operate the Windsor plant to provide the government of The Bahamas with additional time to decide whether or not to enter into a long term water supply agreement with us for the Windsor plant. We generated $5.8 million in revenues from this plant during the year ended December 31, 2015.

If our bulk water supply agreements are not renewed or are renewed on terms less favorable to us, our results of operations and cash flows and financial condition will be adversely affected and we could be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the $3,499,037 carrying value of our goodwill. Such impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

We have purchased $20.7 million in land and equipment and incurred development expenses totaling approximately $16.8 million for a possible project in Mexico. We expect to expend significant additional funds in 2016 to continue to pursue this project. However, we may not be successful in completing this project.

We own a 99.9% interest in N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V. (“NSC”), a development stage Mexico company formed to pursue a project encompassing the construction, operation and minority ownership of a 100 million gallon per day seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant to be located in northern Baja California, Mexico and an accompanying pipeline to deliver water to the Mexican potable water system (the “Project”). As of December 31, 2015, our consolidated balance sheet includes purchases for the Project of $20.6 million in land and $117,000 in equipment. The project development activities we have conducted, which include conducting an equipment piloting plant and water data collection program at the proposed feed water source, completing various engineering studies and obtaining various governmental permits, have resulted in additional developmental expenses totaling $16.8 million from 2010 through 2015.

In August 2014, the State of Baja California enacted new legislation to regulate Public-Private Association projects which involve the type of long-term contract between a public sector authority and a private party that NSC is seeking to complete the Project. Pursuant to this new legislation, on January 4, 2015, NSC submitted an expression of interest for its project to the Secretary of Infrastructure and Urban Development of the State of Baja California (“SIDUE”). On January 23, 2015, SIDUE accepted NSC’s expression of interest and requested that NSC submit a detailed proposal for the Project that complies with requirements of the new legislation. NSC submitted this detailed proposal (the “APP Proposal”) to SIDUE in late March 2015. The new legislation requires that such proposal be evaluated by SIDUE and submitted to the Public-Private Association Projects State Committee (the “APP Committee”) for review and authorization. If the APP Committee grants its authorization, the State of Baja California (the “State”) is required to conduct a public tender for the Project.

In response to our APP Proposal, in September 2015 NSC received a letter dated June 30, 2015 from the Director General of the Comisión Estatal de Agua de Baja California (“CEA”), the State agency with responsibility for the Project. In this letter, CEA stated that (i) in its opinion, the Project is in the public interest with high social benefits and is consistent with the objectives of the State Development Plan and (ii) that the Project and accompanying required public tender process should be conducted. On November 6, 2015, the State officially commenced the tender for the Project and set March 23, 2016 as the tender submission date. The State tendering process requires that prospective bidders provide certain legal, technical and financial qualifications in order to obtain the tender documents. NSC submitted its qualifications to the State, obtained the tender documents, and plans to submit its tender to the State on or before the March 23, 2016 deadline.

Despite the expenditures we have made and the activities we have completed to date, upon completion of the tender process the State may award the Project to a party other than NSC, or the State may cancel the tender process. If NSC is not awarded the Project, the land we have purchased may lose its strategic importance as the site for the Project and consequently may decline in value. If NSC is not awarded the Project we may ultimately be unable to sell this land for amount equal to or in excess of its current carrying value of $20.6 million, and any loss on sale of the land, or impairment charge we may be required to record as a result of a decrease in the fair value of the land, could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

In October 2015, we learned that EWG Water LLC (“EWG”), a minority shareholder in NSC, has filed a lawsuit against NSC, CW-Cooperatief, the Public Registry of Commerce of Tijuana, Baja California, and other parties in the Civil Court located in Tecate, Baja California, Mexico.

In this lawsuit, EWG is challenging the capital investment transactions that increased our ownership interest in NSC to 99.9%. EWG requested that the court, as a preliminary matter: (a) suspend the effectiveness of the challenged transactions; (b) order public officials in Mexico to record the pendency of the lawsuit in the public records; and (c) appoint an inspector for NSC to oversee its commercial activities. The court granted, ex-parte, the preliminary relief sought by EWG.

Additionally, EWG is also seeking an order directing: (i) NSC and CW-Cooperatief to refrain from carrying out any transactions with respect to the Project; and (ii) NSC and CW-Cooperatief, and the partners thereof, to refrain from transferring any interests in NSC and CW-Cooperatief. The court has not yet ruled on these requests.

This litigation could adversely impact our efforts to complete the Project. 

We expect the fair value of our investment in OC-BVI to decrease as its sole water supply contract matures. As this decrease in fair value occurs, we will be required to record impairment losses in future periods to reduce the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI to its decreased fair value.

We account for our investment in OC-BVI under the equity method of accounting for investments in common stock. This method requires recognition of a loss on an equity investment that is other than temporary, and indicates that a current fair value of an equity investment that is less than its carrying amount may indicate a loss in the value of the investment.

As a quoted market price for OC-BVI’s stock is not available, to test for possible impairment of our investment in OC-BVI, we estimate its fair value through the use of the discounted cash flow method, which relies upon projections of OC-BVI’s operating results, working capital and capital expenditures. The use of this method requires us to estimate OC-BVI’s cash flows from (i) its water supply agreement with the BVI government for its Bar Bay plant (the “Bar Bay agreement”); and (ii) the pending amount awarded by the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals for the value of the Baughers Bay plant previously transferred by OC-BVI to the BVI government (see further discussion of the Baughers Bay litigation at Item 8. - Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 8).

We estimate the cash flows OC-BVI will receive from its Bar Bay agreement by (i) identifying various possible future scenarios for this agreement, which include the cancellation of the agreement after its initial seven-year term, and the exercise by the BVI government of the seven-year extension in the agreement; (ii) estimating the cash flows associated with each possible scenario; and (iii) assigning a probability to each scenario. We similarly estimate the cash flows OC-BVI will receive from the BVI government for the amount due under the ruling by the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals for the value of the Baughers Bay plant at the date it was transferred to the BVI government by assigning probabilities to different valuation scenarios. The resulting probability-weighted sum represents the expected cash flows, and our best estimate of future cash flows, to be derived by OC-BVI from its Bar Bay agreement and the pending court award.

The identification of the possible scenarios for the Bar Bay plant agreement and the Baughers Bay plant valuation, the projections of cash flows for each scenario, and the assignment of relative probabilities to each scenario all represent significant estimates made by us. While we use our best judgment in identifying these possible scenarios, estimating the expected cash flows for these scenarios and assigning relative probabilities to each scenario, these estimates are by their nature highly subjective and are also subject to material change by our management over time based upon new information or changes in circumstances.

During the fiscal year 2015, after reassessing and revising our probability-weighted estimates of OC-BVI’s future cash flows and our resulting estimate of the fair value of our investment in OC-BVI, we determined that the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI exceeded its fair value and recorded impairment losses on this investment totaling $1.1 million. The resulting $4.5 million carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI as of December 31, 2015 assumes that the BVI government will honor its obligations under the Bar Bay agreement and also assumes (on a probability-weighted basis) that the (i) BVI government will exercise its option to extend the Bar Bay agreement for seven years beyond its initial term, which expires March 4, 2017, and (ii) OC-BVI will receive the pending amount (as estimated by us) awarded by the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals for the value of the Baughers Bay plant previously transferred by OC-BVI to the BVI government.

The remaining $4.5 million carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI as of December 31, 2015 exceeds our underlying equity in OC-BVI’s net assets by approximately $900,000. We account for this excess as goodwill. The BVI government is OC-BVI’s sole customer and substantially all of OC-BVI’s revenues are generated from its Bar Bay plant. As the Bar Bay agreement matures to its March 4, 2017 expiration date and OC-BVI receives the pending court award amount assumed due for the value of the Baughers Bay plant, OC-BVI’s expected future cash flows, and therefore its fair value computed under the discounted cash flow method, will decrease. Unless OC-BVI obtains an expansion or other modification of its Bar Bay agreement that results in a significant increase in the estimated future cash flows from its Bar Bay plant, we will be required to record impairment losses in 2016 to reduce the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI to its then current fair value. These impairment losses will, in the aggregate, at least equal the underlying $900,000 in goodwill reflected in the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI. The losses we record for our investment in OC-BVI in the future will exceed this $900,000 if OC-BVI ultimately ceases operations at its Bar Bay plant, as OC-BVI will be required to record an impairment loss to reduce the carrying value of its Bar Bay plant to its then estimated fair value. OC-BVI’s aggregate carrying value of the assets that comprise its Bar Bay plant was approximately $4.4 million as of December 31, 2015. Future impairment losses for our investment in OC-BVI and our equity in any future operating losses incurred by OC-BVI could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We have constructed a plant in Bali, Indonesia pursuant to the belief that the future demand for our water in this area will enable us to sell water in sufficient quantities to generate profits from this plant. If we are unable to significantly increase the amount of water we presently sell from this plant, we will be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of this plant’s assets.

Through our subsidiary, CW-Bali, we have built and presently operate a seawater reverse osmosis plant with a productive capacity of approximately 790,000 gallons per day located in Nusa Dua, one of the primary tourist areas of Bali, Indonesia. We built this plant based upon our belief that future water shortages in this area of Bali will eventually enable us to sell all of this plant’s production. Our current sales volumes for this plant are not sufficient to cover its operating costs, and CW-Bali’s operating losses were approximately ($484,000) for the year ended December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, the capitalized costs for this plant reflected on our consolidated balance sheet were approximately $3.0 million. If we are not able to significantly increase the revenues generated by this plant in the future, we will be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of CW-Bali’s plant assets to their fair value. Such an impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

We do not have voting control over our affiliate, OC-BVI. Should our interests and the interests of OC-BVI’s other voting shareholder diverge, the operations of OC-BVI could be adversely affected which could decrease the value of our investment in OC-BVI.

We own 43.53% of the equity and 50% of the voting shares of OC-BVI. We and Sage, which owns the remaining 50% of the voting shares, are each entitled to appoint three of the six directors of OC-BVI. If a tie vote of the directors occurs on any matter, the president of the Caribbean Water and Wastewater Association, a regional trade association comprised primarily of government representatives, is entitled to appoint a temporary director to cast the deciding vote. As a result, although we provide operating management and engineering services to OC-BVI, we share the overall management of OC-BVI with Sage and do not fully control its operations. A divergence of our interests and the interests of Sage could adversely affect the operations of OC-BVI and in turn decrease the value of our investment in OC-BVI, in which case we could be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI. Such an impairment charge would reduce our earnings and could have a material adverse impact on our result of operations and financial condition.

The profitability of our plants is dependent upon our ability to accurately estimate the costs of their construction and operation.

The cost estimates we prepare in connection with the construction and operation of our plants are subject to inherent uncertainties. Additionally, the terms of our supply contracts may require us to guarantee the price of water on a per unit basis, subject to certain annual inflation and monthly energy cost adjustments, and to assume the risk that the costs associated with producing this water may be greater than anticipated. Because we base our contracted price of water in part on our estimation of future construction and operating costs, the profitability of our plants is dependent on our ability to estimate these costs accurately. The cost of materials and services and the cost of the delivery of such services may increase significantly after we submit our bid for a plant, which could cause the gross profit and net return on investment for a plant to be less than we anticipated when the bid was made. The profit margins we initially expect to generate from a plant could be further reduced if future operating costs for that plant exceed our estimates of such costs. These future operating costs could be affected by a variety of factors, including lower than anticipated production efficiencies and hydrological conditions at the plant site that differ materially from those we believe would exist at the time we submitted our bid. Any construction and operating costs for our plants that significantly exceed our initial estimates could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

A significant portion of our consolidated revenues are derived from two customers. A loss of, or a less favorable relationship with, either of these customers could adversely affect us.

Our top two bulk water customers, the WAC and the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas, accounted for approximately 15% and 36%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015. If either of these customers terminate for cause or decide not to renew their contracts with us, or renew such contracts on terms that are less favorable to us, or become unable for financial or other reasons to comply with the terms of our contracts with them, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Possible future regulatory oversight and control could adversely impact our Belize operations.

By Statutory Instrument No. 81 of 2009, the Minister of Public Utilities of the government of Belize published an order, the Public Utility Provider Class Declaration Order, 2009 (the “Order”), which as of May 1, 2009 designated CW-Belize as a public utility provider under the laws of Belize. With this designation, the Public Utilities Commission of Belize (the “PUC”) has the authority to set the rates charged by CW-Belize and to otherwise regulate its activities. On November 1, 2010, CW-Belize received a formal complaint from the PUC alleging that CW-Belize was operating without a license under the terms of the Water Industry Act. CW-Belize applied for this license in December 2010. On July 29, 2011, the PUC issued the San Pedro Public Water Supply Quality and Security Complaint Order (the “Second Order”) which among other things requires that (i) CW-Belize and its customer jointly make a submission to the responsible Minister requesting that the area surrounding CW-Belize’s seawater abstraction wells be designated a forest reserve or national park and be designated a Controlled Area under section 58 of the Water Industry Act, (ii) CW-Belize submit an operations manual for CW-Belize’s desalination plant to the PUC for approval, (iii) CW-Belize and its customer modify the water supply agreement between the parties to (a) include new water quality parameters included in the Order and (b) cap the current exclusive water supply arrangement in the agreement at a maximum of 450,000 gallons per day, (iv) CW-Belize keep a minimum number of replacement seawater RO membranes in stock at all times and (v) CW-Belize take possession of and reimburse the PUC for certain equipment which the PUC purchased from a third-party in late 2010. CW-Belize has applied for declaratory judgment and has been granted a temporary injunction to stay the enforcement of the Second Order by the PUC until such time as the Belize courts could hear the matter. The initial hearing on this matter was conducted on October 30 and 31, 2012 with an additional hearing on November 29, 2012. The ruling on this case is pending. An unfavorable ruling on the Order or the Second Order could have an adverse impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Our operations are affected by tourism and are subject to seasonal fluctuations that could affect the demand for our water.

Our operations are affected by the levels of tourism and are subject to seasonal variations in our service areas. Demand for our water in the Cayman Islands, Belize, Bimini and The Bahamas is affected by variations in the level of tourism and local weather, primarily rainfall. Tourism in our service areas is affected by the economies of the tourists’ home countries, primarily the United States and Europe, terrorist activity and perceived threats thereof, and increased costs of fuel and airfares. We normally sell more water during the first and second quarters, when the number of tourists is greater and local rainfall is less, than in the third and fourth quarters. A downturn in tourism or greater than expected rainfall in the locations we serve could adversely affect our revenues, cash flows and results of operations.

We may have difficulty accomplishing our growth strategy within and outside of our current operating areas.

Our expansion both within our current operating areas and into new areas involves significant risks, including, but not limited to, the following:

Even if we successfully expand our operations, we may have difficulty managing our growth. We cannot assure you that any new operations within or outside of our current operating areas will attain or maintain profitability or that the results from these new operations will not adversely impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Performance shortfalls under any of our bulk supply contracts could result in penalties or cancellation of the contract.

Our bulk water supply contracts require us to meet specified minimum quality, quantity or energy consumption guarantees. Membrane fouling or other technical problems could occur at any of our plants, and if we are unable to meet the guarantees due to such operating issues, we could be in technical default of the supply contract and subject to various adverse consequences, including financial penalties or cancellation of the contract.

Our operations could be harmed by hurricanes or tropical storms.

A hurricane or tropical storm could cause major damage to our equipment and properties and the properties of our customers, including the large tourist properties in our areas of operation. For example, in September 2004 Hurricane Ivan caused significant damage to our plants and our customers’ properties, which adversely affected our revenues. Any future damage could cause us to lose use of our equipment and properties and incur additional repair costs. Damage to our customers’ properties and the adverse impact on tourism could result in a decrease in water demand. A hurricane or tropical storm could also disrupt the delivery of equipment and supplies, including electricity, necessary to our operations. These and other possible effects of hurricanes or tropical storms could have an adverse impact on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Contamination of our processed water may cause disruption in our services and adversely affect our revenues.

Our processed water may become contaminated by natural occurrences and by inadvertent or intentional human interference, including acts of terrorism. In the event that a portion of our processed water is contaminated, we may have to interrupt the supply of water until we are able to install treatment equipment or substitute the flow of water from an uncontaminated water production source. In addition, we may incur significant costs in order to treat a contaminated source of plant feed water through expansion of our current treatment facilities, or development of new treatment methods. An inability by us to substitute processed water from an uncontaminated water source or to adequately treat the contaminated plant feed water in a cost-effective manner may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Potential government decisions, actions and regulations could negatively affect our operations.

We are subject to the local regulations of the Cayman Islands, Belize, the British Virgin Islands, and The Bahamas, all of which are subject to change. Any government that regulates our operations may issue legislation or adopt new regulations, including but not limited to:

As new laws and regulations are issued, we may be required to modify our operations and business strategy, which we may be unable to do in a cost-effective manner. Failure by us to comply with applicable regulations could result in the loss of our licenses or authorizations to operate, the assessment of penalties or fines, or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

The rates we charge our retail customers in the Cayman Islands are subject to regulation. If we are unable to obtain government approval of our requests for rate increases, or if approved rate increases are untimely or inadequate to cover our projected expenses, our results of operations may be adversely affected.

Under our exclusive retail license in the Cayman Islands, with the exception of annual inflation-related and monthly energy-related adjustments, we cannot increase the base rates we charge our retail customers without prior approval from the Cayman Islands government. However, the expenses we incur in supplying water under this license may increase due to circumstances that were unforeseen at the time we entered into the license. We may incur additional costs in attempting to obtain government approval of any rate increase, which may be granted on a delayed basis, if at all. Failure to obtain timely and adequate rate increases could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

We rely on the efforts of key employees. Our failure to retain these employees could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our success depends upon the abilities of our executive officers. In particular, the loss of the services of Frederick W. McTaggart, our President and Chief Executive Officer, could be detrimental to our operations and our continued success. Mr. McTaggart has an employment agreement expiring on December 31, 2018. Each year, the term of this agreement may be extended for an additional year. However, we cannot guarantee that Mr. McTaggart will continue to work for us during the term of his agreement or will enter into any extensions thereof.

We are exposed to credit risk through our relationships with several customers.

We are subject to credit risk posed by possible defaults in payment by our bulk water customers in the Cayman Islands, Belize, the British Virgin Islands and The Bahamas and by possible defaults in payment by the WAC on their loans payable to us. Adverse economic conditions affecting, or financial difficulties of, those parties could impair their ability to pay us or cause them to delay payment. We depend on these parties to pay us on a timely basis. Our outstanding accounts receivable are not covered by collateral or credit insurance. Any delay or default in payment could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition.

We are exposed to the risk of variations in currency exchange rates.

Although we report our results in United States dollars, the majority of our revenues are earned in other currencies. Although many of these currencies have been fixed to the United States dollar for more than 20 years, other currencies (e.g. the Mexico peso, Indonesian rupiah and the euro) are not. We do not employ hedging strategies against the foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with conducting business in foreign currencies while reporting in United States dollars. If any of the fixed exchange rates becomes a floating exchange rate, or the other currencies in which we conduct business depreciate significantly against the United State dollar, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We may enter new markets in the future in which we do not have a contractual commitment for our products or existing customers.

Our strategy contemplates potential entry into new markets (such as Mexico, Indonesia and other countries) where we believe a demand for potable water exists beyond the current supply of potable water in those markets. We may incur significant business development expenses in the pursuit of new markets prior to obtaining a contract for services in these markets, and such expenses could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and cash flows. We may decide to enter such markets by building new reverse osmosis desalination plants before we have obtained a contract for the sale of water produced by the new plant or before we have established a customer base for the water produced by the new plant. If after completing such plant we are unable to obtain a contract or sufficient number of customers for the plant, we may be unable to recover the cost of our investment in the plant, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

We may not pay dividends in the future. If dividends are paid, they may be in lesser amounts than past dividends.

Our shareholders may receive dividends out of legally available funds if, and when, they are declared by our Board of Directors. We have paid dividends in the past, but may cease to do so at any time. We may incur increased operating or development expenses or capital requirements or additional indebtedness in the future that may restrict our ability to declare and pay dividends. We may also be restricted from paying dividends in the future due to restrictions imposed by applicable corporate laws, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, covenants contained in our financing agreements, and other factors considered by our Board of Directors. We may not continue to pay dividends in the future or, if dividends are paid, they may not be in amounts similar to past dividends.

Service of process and enforcement of legal proceedings commenced against us in the United States may be difficult to obtain.

We are incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, 10 of our 16 directors and executive officers reside outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to affect service of process within the United States upon us and such other persons, or to enforce judgments obtained against such persons in United States courts, and bring any action, including actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the United States securities laws. In addition, it may be difficult for investors to enforce, in original actions brought in courts or jurisdictions located outside of the United States, rights predicated upon the United States securities laws.

Based on the advice of our Cayman Islands legal counsel, we believe there is no reciprocal statutory enforcement of foreign judgments between the United States and the Cayman Islands, and that foreign judgments originating from the United States are not directly enforceable in the Cayman Islands. A prevailing party in a United States proceeding against us or our officers or directors would have to initiate a new proceeding in the Cayman Islands using the United States judgment as evidence of the party’s claim. A prevailing party could rely on the summary judgment procedures available in the Cayman Islands, subject to available defenses in the Cayman Islands courts, including, but not limited to, the lack of competent jurisdiction in the United States courts, lack of due service of process in the United States proceeding and the possibility that enforcement or recognition of the United States judgment would be contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands.

Depending on the nature of damages awarded, civil liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (or the Securities Act), or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (or the Exchange Act), for original actions instituted outside the Cayman Islands may or may not be enforceable. For example, a United States judgment awarding remedies unobtainable in any legal action in the courts of the Cayman Islands, such as treble damages, would likely not be enforceable under any circumstances.

The relatively low trading volume of our stock may adversely impact the ability to sell our shares.

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the average daily trading volume of our common shares was approximately 96,000 shares, a much lower trading volume than that of many other companies listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. A public trading market having the desired characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends on the presence in the market of willing buyers and sellers of our common shares at any given time. This presence in turn depends on the individual decisions of investors and general economic and market conditions over which we have no control. As a consequence of the limited volume of trading in our common shares, an investor in our stock may have difficulty selling a large number of our common shares in the manner, or at the price, that might be attainable if our common shares were more actively traded.

We are subject to anti-takeover measures that may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our Company.

Classified Board of Directors. We have a classified Board of Directors that consists of three groups. Only one group of directors is elected each year. Our classified Board may increase the length of time necessary for an acquirer to change the composition of a majority of directors in order to gain control of our Board.

Option Deed. We are party to an Option Deed that is intended to improve the bargaining position of our Board of Directors in the event of an unsolicited offer to acquire our outstanding stock. Under the terms of the Option Deed, a stock purchase right is attached to each of our current or future outstanding common shares and redeemable preferred shares issued prior to the time the purchase rights become exercisable, are redeemed or expire. The purchase rights will become exercisable only if an individual or group has acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, or announced a tender or exchange offer that if consummated would result in such individual or group acquiring, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of our outstanding common shares. Upon the occurrence of a triggering event, the rights will entitle every holder of our shares, other than the acquirer, to purchase our shares or shares of our successor on terms that would likely be economically dilutive to the acquirer. Under certain circumstances, instead of common shares, our Board of Directors may issue cash or debt securities. Our Board of Directors, however, has the power to amend the Option Deed so that it does not apply to a particular acquisition proposal or to redeem the rights for a nominal value before they become exercisable. These features will likely encourage an acquirer to negotiate with our Board of Directors before commencing a tender offer or to condition a tender offer on our Board of Directors taking action to prevent the purchase rights from becoming exercisable. The Option Deed does not expire until July 2017, and such expiration date may be extended by our Board.

As a result of these anti-takeover measures, we could deter efforts to make changes to, or exercise control over, current management. In addition, our shareholders may not have an opportunity to sell their common shares to a potential acquirer at the acquirer’s offering price, which is typically at a premium to market price.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Cayman Island Properties

Abel Castillo Water Works

Our wholly owned subsidiary, Cayman Water, owns and operates our Abel Castillo Water Works (“ACWW”) site, which encompasses 12,812 square feet of buildings (containing two reverse osmosis water treatment plants), a high service distribution pump house, warehouse space and three 1.0 million gallon potable water storage tanks. The site is located on 3.2 acres, including 485 feet of waterfront. The current water production capacity of this site is 2.2 million gallons per day by two separate water plants with rated production capacities of 1.2 million and 1.0 million gallons per day, respectively.

We own an approximately one acre property adjacent to our ACWW plant which we purchased in 2007 to provide space for future additional water production and storage facilities.

West Bay Plant

We own, operate and maintain our West Bay plant in Grand Cayman, which is located on 6.1 acres in West Bay. The plant began operating in 1995, was expanded over the years, and now has a production capacity of 910,000 gallons per day. On this site we have a 2,600 square foot building which houses our water production facilities, a 2,400 square foot building which houses the potable water distribution pumps, a water quality testing laboratory, and office space and water storage capacity consisting of three 1.0 million gallon potable water tanks.

Britannia Plant

We own the Britannia seawater desalination plant in Grand Cayman, which consists of a seawater reverse osmosis production plant with a capacity of 715,000 gallons of water per day, an 840,000 gallon potable water storage tank, potable water high service pumps, and various ancillary equipment to support the operation. We have entered into a lease of the 0.73 acre site and steel frame building which houses the plant for a term that ends in 2027 at an annual rent of $1.00.

Distribution System

We own our Seven Mile Beach and West Bay potable water distribution systems in Grand Cayman. The combined systems consist of potable water pipes, valves, curb stops, meter boxes, and water meters.

Corporate Office

We occupy approximately 5,500 square feet of office space at the Regatta Office Park, West Bay Road, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands under a lease that expires April 30, 2019.

Red Gate Plant

Under the terms of the water production and supply license that expires in July 2017 between OC-Cayman and the government of the Cayman Islands, OC-Cayman is allowed to use the property and the plant for the Red Gate plant to produce approximately 1.3 million gallons of desalinated water per day for sale to the Water Authority-Cayman (“WAC”).

North Sound Plant

Construction of this plant was completed in November 2002. OC-Cayman provided the plant and equipment to the WAC under a seven-year vendor-financed sale and operating agreement. The agreement provided for the expansion of the plant at the WAC’s request during the term of the agreement. In January 2007, the WAC requested that OC-Cayman expand the plant from a rated capacity of approximately 800,000 gallons per day to 1.6 million gallons per day and extended the term of the contract for a further seven years from the completion date of the expansion, April 1, 2007. On April 17, 2014, the WAC extended the term of the agreement a further 12 months and on July 15, 2015, the WAC further extended the agreement by two years from April 1, 2015 and contracted with OC-Cayman to provide major capital improvements to the plant. OC-Cayman operates the electrically powered plant and supplies approximately 1.6 million gallons of desalinated water per day to the WAC. OC-Cayman leases the property on which the plant is located from the WAC for a minimal annual rent, for the duration of the sale and operating agreement. The sale and operating agreement and property lease expires in April 2017. Responsibility for operation of the plant passes to the WAC upon expiration of the sale and operating agreement.

North Side Water Works Plant

OC-Cayman operates this electrically powered plant, which can supply up to approximately 2.4 million gallons of desalinated water per day under a vendor-financed sale and operating agreement with the WAC. OC-Cayman leases the property on which the plant is located from the WAC for a minimal annual rent for the duration of the sale and operating agreement. Responsibility for operation of the plant passes to the WAC upon expiration of the sale and operating agreement in June 2019.

Bahamas Properties

Bimini plant

We own the water production facility in South Bimini. The facility consists of a 250,000 gallon bolted steel potable water tank and two 40 foot long standard shipping containers which contain a seawater reverse osmosis production plant with a rated capacity of 115,000 gallons per day, a high service pump skid and an office. The facility is located on a parcel of land owned by South Bimini International Ltd., and we are allowed, under the terms of our agreement, to utilize the land for the term of the agreement without charge.

Windsor plant

We own the Windsor water production facility, located in Nassau, New Providence, with a production capacity of 3.1 million gallons per day. The plant is powered by a combination of diesel engine-driven high-pressure pumps, and electrical power purchased from the Bahamas Electricity Corporation to power all other loads in the plant. The plant is contained within a 13,000 sq. ft. concrete and steel building that also contains a warehouse, workshop and offices. It is located on land owned by the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas and our 15-year water sales agreement gives us a license to use the land throughout the term of that agreement. This water supply agreement was scheduled to expire in July 2013 when we delivered the total amount of water required under the agreement, but has since been extended on a month-to-month basis.

At the conclusion of the agreement, the WSC has the option to (i) extend the agreement for an additional five years at a rate to be negotiated; (ii) exercise a right of first refusal to purchase any materials, equipment and facilities that CW-Bahamas intends to remove from the site at a purchase price to be negotiated; or (iii) require CW-Bahamas to remove all materials, equipment and facilities from the site. At the request of the government of The Bahamas, we continue to maintain and operate the Windsor plant to provide the government of The Bahamas with additional time to decide whether or not it will extend CW-Bahamas’ water supply agreement for the Windsor plant on a long term basis.

Blue Hills plant

In July 2006, we substantially completed construction of a second water production facility in Nassau, New Providence: the Blue Hills plant. With an initial production capacity of 7.2 million gallons per day this plant is the largest desalination plant we have built or operated to date. The plant is powered by a combination of diesel engine-driven high-pressure pumps, and electrical power purchased from the Bahamas Electricity Corporation to power all other loads in the plant. The plant is contained within a 16,000 sq. ft. concrete and steel building that also contains a warehouse, workshop and offices. It is located on land owned by the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas and our 20-year water sales agreement gives us a license to use the land throughout the term of that agreement.

The Blue Hills plant water supply agreement was amended in January 2011 and extended through 2032. Pursuant to this amendment, we added a second production facility to increase the total production capacity of the Blue Hills plant to 12.0 million gallons per day. The plant expansion was substantially completed in March of 2012 and is powered by a combination of diesel engine-driven high-pressure pumps, and electrical power purchased from the Bahamas Electricity Corporation to power all other loads in the plant. The plant expansion is contained in a 10,640 sq. ft. steel building located adjacent to the initial production facility on land owned by the WSC.

Belize Properties

We own our San Pedro water production facility in Ambergris Caye, Belize. The plant consists of a one story concrete block building, which contains a seawater reverse osmosis water production plant with a production capacity of 600,000 gallons per day and a 1.0 million gallon potable water storage tank. We lease the land on which our plant is located from the Government of Belize at an annual rent of BZE$1.00. This lease expires in April 2026.

Indonesia Property

We own a water production facility located in the Nusa Dua region of Bali, Indonesia consisting of a plant with a production capacity of 790,000 gallons per day and a 528,000 gallon potable water storage tank. The land on which this plant and storage tank is located is leased through October 8, 2032.

U.S. Properties

Our Aquilex office consists of 6,500 square feet located in Coral Springs, Florida that has been leased through March 2021. Our U.S. warehouse consists of 4,100 square feet located in Sunrise, Florida that has been leased through September 2020.

Mexico Properties

NSC owns 20.1 hectares of land on which its proposed plant would be constructed in Rosarito Beach, Baja California, Mexico.

In November 2012, NSC entered into a lease with an effective term of 20-years from the date of full operation of the desalination plant, with the Comisión Federal de Electricidad for approximately 5,000 square meters of land on which it plans to construct the water intake and discharge works for the plant. The amounts due on this lease are payable in Mexican pesos at an amount that is currently equivalent to approximately $20,000 per month. This lease is cancellable should NSC ultimately not proceed with the project.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

CW-Belize

By Statutory Instrument No. 81 of 2009, the Minister of Public Utilities of the government of Belize published an order, the Public Utility Provider Class Declaration Order, 2009 (the “Order”), which as of May 1, 2009 designated CW-Belize as a public utility provider under the laws of Belize. With this designation, the Public Utilities Commission of Belize (the “PUC”) has the authority to set the rates charged by CW-Belize and to otherwise regulate its activities. On November 1, 2010, CW-Belize received a formal complaint from the PUC alleging that CW-Belize was operating without a license under the terms of the Water Industry Act. CW-Belize applied for this license in December 2010. On July 29, 2011, the PUC issued the San Pedro Public Water Supply Quality and Security Complaint Order (the “Second Order”) which among other things requires that (i) CW-Belize and its customer jointly make a submission to the responsible Minister requesting that the area surrounding CW-Belize’s seawater abstraction wells be designated a forest reserve or national park and be designated a Controlled Area under section 58 of the Water Industry Act, (ii) CW-Belize submit an operations manual for CW-Belize’s desalination plant to the PUC for approval, (iii) CW-Belize and its customer modify the water supply agreement between the parties to (a) include new water quality parameters included in the Order and (b) cap the current exclusive water supply arrangement in the agreement at a maximum of 450,000 gallons per day, (iv) CW-Belize keep a minimum number of replacement seawater RO membranes in stock at all times and (v) CW-Belize take possession of and reimburse the PUC for certain equipment which the PUC purchased from a third-party in late 2010. CW-Belize has applied for declaratory judgment and has been granted a temporary injunction to stay the enforcement of the Second Order by the PUC until such time as the Belize courts could hear the matter. The initial hearing on this matter was conducted on October 30 and 31, 2012 with an additional hearing on November 29, 2012. The ruling on this case is pending. We are presently unable to determine what impact the Order and the Second Order will have on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V.

In May 2010, we acquired, through our wholly-owned Netherlands subsidiary, Consolidated Water Cooperatief, U.A., (“CW-Cooperatief”) a 50% interest in N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V. (“NSC”), a development stage Mexican company. We have since purchased, through the conversion of a loan we made to NSC, sufficient shares to raise our ownership interest in NSC to 99.9%. NSC was formed to pursue a project encompassing the construction, operation and minority ownership of a 100 million gallon per day seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant to be located in northern Baja California, Mexico and an accompanying pipeline to deliver water to the Mexican potable water system (the “Project”).

NSC Litigation

Immediately following CW-Cooperatief’s acquisition of its initial 50% ownership in NSC, the remaining 50% ownership interest in NSC was held by an unrelated company, Norte Sur Agua, S. de R.L. de C.V. (“NSA”). NSA subsequently transferred ownership of half of its shares in NSC to EWG Water LLC and the other half of its shares in NSC to Alejandro de la Vega (the “individual shareholder”). In February 2012, we paid $300,000 to enter into an agreement (the “Option Agreement”) that provided us with an option, exercisable through February 7, 2014, to purchase the shares of NSC owned by the individual shareholder, along with an immediate power of attorney to vote those shares, for $1.0 million. Such shares constituted 25% of the ownership of NSC as of February 2012. In May 2013, NSC repaid a $5.7 million loan payable to CW-Cooperatief by issuing additional shares of its stock. As a result of this share issuance to CW-Cooperatief, we acquired 99.9% of the ownership of NSC. The Option Agreement contained an anti-dilution provision that required us to issue new shares in NSC of an amount sufficient to maintain the individual shareholder’s 25% ownership interest in NSC if (i) any new shares of NSC were issued subsequent to the execution of the Option Agreement and (ii) we did not exercise our share purchase option by February 7, 2014. We exercised our option and paid the $1.0 million to the individual shareholder to purchase the Option Agreement shares in February 2014.

In October 2015, we learned that EWG has filed a lawsuit against the individual shareholder, NSC, NSA, CW-Cooperatief, Ricardo del Monte Nunez, Carlos Eduardo Ahumada Arruit, Luis de Angitia Becerra, and the Public Registry of Commerce of Tijuana, Baja California in the Civil Court located in Tecate, Baja California, Mexico. However, as of the date of the filing of this report, neither NSC nor CW-Cooperatief has been served with formal process for this lawsuit.

In this lawsuit, EWG is challenging the capital investment transactions that increased our ownership interest in NSC to 99.9%. EWG requested that the court, as a preliminary matter: (a) suspend the effectiveness of the challenged transactions; (b) order public officials in Mexico to record the pendency of the lawsuit in the public records; and (c) appoint an inspector for NSA and NSC to oversee its commercial activities. The court granted, ex-parte, the preliminary relief sought by EWG.

Additionally, EWG is also seeking an order directing: (i) NSA, NSC and CW-Cooperatief to refrain from carrying out any transactions with respect to the Project; and (ii) NSA, NSC and CW-Cooperatief, and the partners thereof, to refrain from transferring any interests in NSA, NSC and CW-Cooperatief. The court has not yet ruled on these requests.

We believe that the claims made by EWG are baseless and without merit, and we will vigorously defend NSC and CW-Cooperatief in this litigation, and will seek dismissal of the orders entered by the court and all claims against NSC and CW-Cooperatief. Furthermore, on November 19, 2015, NSC and CW-Cooperatief filed a complaint in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York against EWG and its Managing Partner, based upon our conclusion that lawsuit filed by EWG in Mexico directly breaches a contract dated April 12, 2012 between NSC and CW-Cooperatief, and EWG. We are vigorously pursuing our claims and seeking relief pursuant to this complaint.

We cannot presently determine the outcome of this litigation. However, such litigation could adversely impact our efforts to complete the Project.

Mexico tax authority

The Mexico tax authority, the Servicio de Administracion Tributaria (“SAT”), assessed NSC for taxes relating to payments to foreign vendors on which the SAT contended should have been subject to income tax withholdings during NSC’s 2011 tax year. As of December 31, 2015, the assessment and related penalties, surcharges, inflation adjustments and late fees totaled 7,367,875 Mexican pesos. Such assessment was equivalent to approximately $428,203 as of December 31, 2015 based upon the exchange rate between the US$ and the Mexican peso as of that date.

NSC retained the assistance of Mexican tax advisers in this matter, as it believed the assumptions and related work performed by the SAT did not support their tax assessment. As a result, NSC elected to contest this assessment in Mexico federal tax court. NSC was required to provide an irrevocable letter of credit which amounted to 7,367,875 Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2015 as collateral in connection with this tax case. The restricted cash balance of $428,203 included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 represents cash on deposit with a bank to secure payment of this irrevocable letter of credit.

In November 2014, NSC received a favorable judgment from the tax court. Based on this outcome, the SAT filed an appeal shortly thereafter to contest the judgment. On February 15, 2016, NSC received a favorable judgment from the appellate tax court.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

PART II

Market Information

Our Class A common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and trades under the symbol “CWCO.” Listed below, for each quarter of the last two fiscal years, are the high and low closing prices for our Class A common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

No trading market exists for our redeemable preferred shares, which are only issued to, or purchased by, long-term employees of our company and must be held by these employees for a period of four years before they vest.

On December 17, 2015, we issued 10,514 shares of common stock to our directors under the Non-Executive Directors’ Share Plan in consideration for their service on our Board of Directors and the committees thereof. See “ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.”

We are a party to an Option Deed dated August 6, 1997, and amended on August 8, 2005, September 27, 2005 and May 30, 2007 (as amended, the “Option Deed”), designed to deter coercive takeover tactics. Pursuant to the Option Deed, we granted to the holders of our common shares and redeemable preferred shares options (the “Options”) to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of our Class 'B' common shares at an exercise price of $100.00 per one one-hundredth of a Class 'B' common share, subject to adjustment. The Options are attached to and trade with our common shares and redeemable preferred shares, and no separate certificates representing the Options have been distributed. The Options will separate from our common shares and redeemable preferred shares, and certificates representing the Options will be issued, upon the earlier of the date (such date, the “Distribution Date”) that is (i) ten business days following a public announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons (an “Acquiring Person”) has acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of our outstanding common shares, or (ii) ten business days following the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer that would result in a person or group becoming an Acquiring Person.

The Options are not exercisable until the Distribution Date and will expire at the close of business on July 31, 2017, unless that date is extended or the Options are earlier redeemed by us. Additionally, following the Distribution Date, all Options that are, or in certain circumstances were, beneficially owned by any Acquiring Person will be null and void.

For a period of ten business days following the date that any person, alone or jointly with its affiliates and associates, becomes an Acquiring Person, we will have the right to redeem the Options at a price of CI$0.01 per Option. If the Options are not redeemed, then following such ten business day period each holder of an Option will have the right to receive on exercise, in lieu of one one-hundredth of a Class 'B' common share, common shares (or, in certain circumstances, cash, property or other securities) having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Option. For example, at an exercise price of $100.00 per Option, each Option not owned by an Acquiring Person (or by certain related parties) following any person, alone or jointly with its affiliates and associates, becoming an Acquiring Person would entitle its holder to purchase $200.00 worth of common shares for $100.00. Assuming that the common shares had a per share value of $20.00 at such time, the holder of each valid Option would be entitled to purchase 10 common shares for $100.00.

Any of the provisions of the Option Deed may be amended by our Board of Directors prior to the Distribution Date. After the Distribution Date, the provisions of the Option Deed may be amended by the Board of Directors in order to cure any ambiguity, to make changes which do not adversely affect the interests of holders of Options (excluding the interests of any Acquiring Person), or to shorten or lengthen any time period under the Option Deed.

Currently 2,023,850 Bahamian Depository Receipts (“BDRs”) that constitute ownership of 404,770 shares of our common stock are listed and traded on the Bahamian International Stock Exchange. Our common shares that underlie these BDRs are held in a custodial account in The Bahamas. The BDRs are entitled to dividend payments, if and when declared on our common shares, in proportion to their relative value to our common shares.

Holders

On March 8, 2016, we had 798 holders of record of our common stock.

Dividends

Our Board of Directors declares and approves any and all dividends.

We have paid dividends to owners of our common shares and redeemable preferred shares since we began declaring dividends in 1985. However, the payment of any future cash dividends will depend upon our earnings, financial condition, cash flows, capital requirements and other factors our Board of Directors deems relevant in determining the amount and timing of such dividends.

Listed below, for each quarter of the last two fiscal years, is the amount of dividends declared on our issued and outstanding shares of common shares and redeemable preferred shares.

Exchange Controls and Other Limitations Affecting Security Holders

Our Company is not subject to any governmental laws, decrees or regulations in the Cayman Islands which restrict the export or import of capital, or that affect the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to non-resident holders of our securities. The Cayman Islands does not impose any limitations on the right of non-resident owners to hold or vote our common stock. There are no exchange control restrictions in the Cayman Islands.

Taxation

The Cayman Islands presently impose no taxes on profit, income, distribution, capital gains, or appreciations of our Company and no taxes are currently imposed in the Cayman Islands on profit, income, capital gains, or appreciations of the holders of our securities or in the nature of estate duty, inheritance, or capital transfer tax. The United States and the Cayman Islands do not have an income tax treaty.

The information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is provided under ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS of this Annual Report.

The table below contains selected financial data, derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2015. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US-GAAP”). As a result, all financial information presented herein has been prepared in accordance with US-GAAP. This selected financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Overview

Our objective is to provide water services in areas where the supply of potable water is scarce and where the use of reverse osmosis technology to produce potable water is economically feasible.

We intend to increase revenues by developing new business opportunities both within our current service areas and in new markets. We expect to maintain operating efficiencies by continuing to properly execute our water production, energy recovery, equipment maintenance and water loss mitigation programs. We believe that many water scarce countries in the Caribbean basin and other select markets present opportunities for our business model.

Our operations and activities, and those of our affiliate OC-BVI, are presently conducted at 14 plants in five countries: the Cayman Islands, The Bahamas, Belize, the British Virgin Islands and Indonesia. The following table sets forth the comparative combined production capacity of our retail, bulk and affiliate operations as of December 31 of each year.

Cayman Islands

We have been operating our business on Grand Cayman since 1973 and have been using reverse osmosis technology to convert seawater to potable water since 1989. The Cayman Islands have a limited natural supply of fresh water. We currently have an exclusive license from the Cayman Islands government to process potable water from seawater and then sell and distribute that water by pipeline to the Seven Mile Beach and West Bay areas of Grand Cayman. Our operations consist of four company owned and three government owned reverse osmosis seawater conversion plants which provide water to approximately 5,800 retail residential and commercial customers within a government licensed area and bulk water sales to the Water Authority-Cayman (“WAC”), respectively. Our pipeline system in the Cayman Islands covers the Seven Mile Beach and West Bay areas of Grand Cayman and consists of approximately 90 miles of potable water pipe.

Our exclusive license from the Cayman Islands government was set to expire on July 30, 2010, however, we and the Cayman Islands government have extended the license several times in order to provide sufficient time to negotiate the terms of a new license. The most recent extension of our license was scheduled to expire December 31, 2015, however, we have been informed by the WAC that our license will be extended through June 30, 2016 and that formal documentation of such extension is in process. In 2011, the Cayman Islands government enacted new water regulation laws pursuant to which the WAC will issue any new retail license. We have been informed during our retail license negotiations that the Cayman Islands government seeks to restructure the terms of our license to employ a rate of return on invested capital model, the implementation of which could significantly reduce the operating income and cash flows we have historically generated from our retail license. See further discussion of this matter at ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS and ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Material Commitments, Expenditures and Contingencies - Renewal of Retail License.

The Bahamas

CW-Bahamas produces potable water from three reverse osmosis seawater conversion plants. Two of these plants, the Windsor plant and the Blue Hills plant, are located in Nassau, New Providence and have a total installed capacity of 15.1 million gallons per day. CW-Bahamas supplies water from these plants on a take-or-pay basis to the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas (“WSC”) under long-term build, own and operate supply agreements. During 2015, we supplied approximately 3.7 billion gallons (2014: 4.3 billion gallons) of water to the WSC from these plants. The Windsor water supply agreement was scheduled to expire in July 2013, but has been extended on a month-to-month basis while the Bahamas government determines whether or not to enter into a new supply contract with us. CW-Bahamas’ third plant is located in Bimini, has a capacity of 115,000 gallons per day, and provides potable water to the Bimini Sands Resort and to the Bimini Beach Hotel. We have also sold water intermittently to the WSC from our Bimini plant when their regular supply was unavailable.

From time to time, CW-Bahamas has experienced delays in collecting its accounts receivable. However, during 2014, the government of the Bahamas made significant incremental payments on its outstanding balances due to CW-Bahamas and since such time CW-Bahamas’ accounts receivable from the WSC, which totaled approximately $4.7 million as of December 31, 2015, have not been delinquent. Representatives of the Bahamas government have informed us that previous delays in paying our accounts receivables did not reflect any type of dispute with us with respect to the amounts owed. To date, we have not been required to provide an allowance for any delinquent CW-Bahamas accounts receivable as such amounts were eventually paid in full. Based upon our experience, we believe that the accounts receivable from the WSC are fully collectible and therefore have not provided any allowance for possible non-payment of these receivables as of December 31, 2015.

Belize

CW-Belize was acquired on July 21, 2000, and consists of one reverse osmosis seawater conversion plant on Ambergris Caye, Belize, capable of producing 600,000 gallons per day. We sell water to one customer, Belize Water Services Limited, which then distributes the water through its own distribution system to residential, commercial and tourist properties on Ambergris Caye.

In 2009, the Minister of Public Utilities of the government of Belize published a declaratory order designating CW-Belize as a public utility provider. With this order the Public Utilities Commission of Belize (“PUC”) has the authority to regulate CW-Belize’s activities. In 2011, the PUC issued a second order that requires CW-Belize to take various actions mandated by the PUC that would be significant to its operations. Hearings on this matter have been conducted in a Belize court and the ruling on the matter is pending. See further discussion of this matter at ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Our actual results could differ significantly from such estimates and assumptions.

Certain of our accounting estimates or assumptions constitute “critical accounting estimates” for us because:

Our critical accounting estimates relate to the valuation of our (i) equity investment in our affiliate, OC-BVI; (ii) goodwill and intangible assets; and (iii) long-lived assets.

Valuation of Investment in OC-BVI

We account for our investment in OC-BVI under the equity method of accounting for investments in common stock. This method requires recognition of a loss on an equity investment that is other than temporary, and indicates that a current fair value of an equity investment that is less than its carrying amount may indicate a loss in the value of the investment.

As a quoted market price for OC-BVI’s stock is not available, to test for possible impairment of our investment in OC-BVI, we estimate its fair value through the use of the discounted cash flow method, which relies upon projections of OC-BVI’s operating results, working capital and capital expenditures. The use of this method requires us to estimate OC-BVI’s cash flows from (i) its water supply agreement with the BVI government for its Bar Bay plant (the “Bar Bay agreement”); and (ii) the pending amount awarded by the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals for the value of the Baughers Bay plant previously transferred by OC-BVI to the BVI government (see further discussion of the Baughers Bay litigation at Item 8. - Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 8).

We estimate the cash flows OC-BVI will receive from its Bar Bay agreement by (i) identifying various possible future scenarios for this agreement, which include the cancellation of the agreement after its initial seven-year term, and the exercise by the BVI government of the seven-year extension in the agreement; (ii) estimating the cash flows associated with each possible scenario; and (iii) assigning a probability to each scenario. We similarly estimate the cash flows OC-BVI will receive from the BVI government for the amount due under the ruling by the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals for the value of the Baughers Bay plant at the date it was transferred to the BVI government by assigning probabilities to different valuation scenarios. The resulting probability-weighted sum represents the expected cash flows, and our best estimate of future cash flows, to be derived by OC-BVI from its Bar Bay agreement and the pending court award.

The identification of the possible scenarios for the Bar Bay plant agreement and the Baughers Bay plant valuation, the projections of cash flows for each scenario, and the assignment of relative probabilities to each scenario all represent significant estimates made by us. While we use our best judgment in identifying these possible scenarios, estimating the expected cash flows for these scenarios and assigning relative probabilities to each scenario, these estimates are by their nature highly subjective and are also subject to material change by our management over time based upon new information or changes in circumstances.

As of March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015, September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2015, after updating our probability-weighted estimates of OC-BVI’s future cash flows and our resulting estimate of the fair value of our investment in OC-BVI, we determined that the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI exceeded its fair value and recorded impairment losses on this investment of $310,000, $275,000, $225,000 and $250,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015, September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The resulting carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI of approximately $4.5 million as of December 31, 2015 assumes that the BVI government will honor its obligations under the Bar Bay agreement and also assumes (on a probability-weighted basis) that (i) the BVI government will exercise its option to extend the Bar Bay agreement for seven years beyond its initial term, which expires March 4, 2017 and (ii) OC-BVI will receive the pending amount (based upon our estimate) awarded by the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals for the value of the Baughers Bay plant previously transferred by OC-BVI to the BVI government.

The $4.5 million carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI as of December 31, 2015 exceeds our underlying equity in OC-BVI’s net assets by approximately $900,000. We account for this excess as goodwill. The BVI government is OC-BVI’s sole customer and substantially all of OC-BVI’s revenues are generated from its Bar Bay plant. As the Bar Bay agreement matures to its March 4, 2017 expiration date and OC-BVI receives the pending court award amount assumed due for the value of the Baughers Bay plant, OC-BVI’s expected future cash flows, and therefore its fair value computed under the discounted cash flow method, will decrease. Unless OC-BVI obtains an extension or modification of its Bar Bay agreement that results in a significant increase in the estimated future cash flows from its Bar Bay plant, we will be required to record impairment losses during 2016 to reduce the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI to its then current fair value. These impairment losses will, in the aggregate, at least equal the underlying $900,000 in goodwill reflected in the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI. The losses we record for our investment in OC-BVI in the future will exceed this $900,000 if OC-BVI ultimately ceases operations at its Bar Bay plant, as OC-BVI will be required to record an impairment loss to reduce the carrying value of its Bar Bay plant to its then estimated fair value. OC-BVI’s aggregate carrying value of the assets that comprise its Bar Bay plant was approximately $4.4 million as of December 31, 2015. Future impairment losses for our investment in OC-BVI and our equity in any future operating losses incurred by OC-BVI could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill represents the excess cost over the fair value of the assets of an acquired business. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business combination accounted for as a purchase and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but are tested for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed periodically for impairment. We evaluate the possible impairment of goodwill annually as part of our reporting process for the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Management identifies our reporting units and determines the carrying value of each reporting unit by assigning the assets and liabilities, including the existing goodwill and intangible assets, to those reporting units. We determine the fair value of each reporting unit and compare the fair value to the carrying amount of the reporting unit. To the extent the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, we are required to perform the second step of the impairment test, as this is an indication that the reporting unit goodwill may be impaired. In this step, we compare the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit to all the assets (recognized and unrecognized) and liabilities of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. If the implied fair value is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is recorded.

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we estimated the fair value of our reporting units by applying the discounted cash flow method, the subject company stock price method, the guideline public company method, and the mergers and acquisitions method.

The discounted cash flow method relied upon seven-year discrete projections of operating results, working capital and capital expenditures, along with a terminal value subsequent to the discrete period. These seven-year projections were based upon historical and anticipated future results, general economic and market conditions, and considered the impact of planned business and operational strategies. The discount rates for the calculations represented the estimated cost of capital for market participants at the time of each analysis. In preparing these seven-year projections for our retail unit we (i) identified possible outcomes of our on-going negotiations with the Cayman Islands government for the renewal of our retail license; (ii) estimated the cash flows associated with each possible outcome; and (iii) assigned a probability to each outcome and associated estimated cash flows. The weighted average estimated cash flows were then summed to determine the overall fair value of the retail unit under this method. The possible outcomes used for the discounted cash flow method for the retail unit included the implementation of a rate of return on invested capital model, the methodology proposed by Cayman Islands government representatives for the new retail license.

We also estimated the fair value of each of our reporting units for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 through reference to the quoted market prices for our Company and guideline companies and the market multiples implied by guideline merger and acquisition transactions.

We weighted the fair values estimated for each of our reporting units under each method and summed such weighted fair values to estimate the overall fair value for each reporting unit. The respective weightings we applied to each method as of December 31, 2015 were consistent with those used as of December 31, 2014 and were as follows:

The fair values we estimated for our retail and bulk units exceeded their carrying amounts by 72% and 20%, respectively, as of December 31, 2015. The fair values we estimated for our retail and bulk units exceeded their carrying amounts by 36% and 29%, respectively, as of December 31, 2014.

We also performed an analysis reconciling the conclusions of value for our reporting units to our market capitalization at October 1, 2015. This reconciliation resulted in an implied control premium for our Company of 5%.

Long-lived assets

We review the carrying amounts of our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or a significant adverse change that would indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets is not recoverable. For long-lived assets to be held and used, we recognize an impairment loss only if its carrying amount is not recoverable through its undiscounted cash flows and measure the impairment loss based on the difference between the carrying amount and fair value.

Through our subsidiary, CW-Bali, we have built and presently operate a seawater reverse osmosis plant with a productive capacity of approximately 790,000 gallons per day located in Nusa Dua, one of the primary tourist areas of Bali, Indonesia. We built this plant based upon our belief that future water shortages in this area of Bali will eventually enable us to sell all of this plant’s production. Our current sales volumes for this plant are not sufficient to cover its operating costs, and CW-Bali’s operating losses were approximately ($484,000) for the year ended December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, the capitalized costs for this plant reflected on our consolidated balance sheet were approximately $3.0 million. If we are not able to significantly increase the revenues generated by this plant in the future, we will be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of CW-Bali’s plant assets to their fair value. Such an impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. See further discussion of CW-Bali at Item 7. “LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES - Material Commitments, Expenditures and Contingencies.”

Quarterly Results of Operations

The following table presents unaudited quarterly results of operations for the eight quarters ended December 31, 2015. We believe that all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly such quarterly information have been included in the amounts reported below.

Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included under Part II, ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA, of this Annual Report.

Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014

Consolidated Results

Net income attributable to Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. common stockholders for 2015 was $7,518,701 ($0.51 per share on a fully-diluted basis), as compared to $6,265,358 ($0.42 per share on a fully-diluted basis) for 2014.

Total revenues for 2015 decreased to $57,116,202 from $65,559,078 in 2014 due to decreases in revenues for all three business segments. Gross profit for 2015 was $22,926,558 or 40% of total revenues, as compared to $23,115,498 or 35% of total revenues, for 2014. In 2015 as compared to 2014, gross profit dollars for the retail segment increased slightly but decreased for the bulk segment and the services segment generated a gross profit as opposed to incurring a gross loss. For further discussion of revenues and gross profit for 2015, see the “Results by Segment” analysis that follows.

General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses on a consolidated basis were $14,458,494 and $16,654,439 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decline in consolidated G&A expenses from 2014 to 2015 reflects (i) a decrease in professional fees of almost $484,000, as we incurred added fees in 2014 for the judicial review conducted in connection with our retail license negotiations; and (ii) a decrease of approximately $1,534,000 in the project development expenses incurred by NSC, our Mexico subsidiary.

Interest expense decreased to $269,090 in 2015 from $488,770 in 2014 as interest expense for 2014 reflects the prepayment premium paid for the early redemption in February 2014 of the remaining outstanding balance on our bonds payable and the amortization of the related bond discount and deferred issuance costs.

As a result of the declining cash flows projected from OC-BVI’s Bar Bay contract, we recorded impairment charges aggregating $1,060,000 in 2015 to reduce the carrying value of our investment in OC-BVI to its estimated fair value. See further discussion of these impairment charges at Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other expense increased to $626,400 for 2015 from $203,135 for 2014 due to incremental foreign currency losses recorded for our CW-Bali subsidiary of approximately $223,000.

Results by Segment

Retail Segment:

The retail segment contributed $1,615,436 and $977,130 to our income from operations for 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Revenues generated by our retail water operations were $23,254,757 and $24,104,932 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. The drop in retail revenues in 2015 is attributable to a decrease in electricity prices from 2014 to 2015 that reduced the energy component of our retail water rates.

Retail segment gross profit was $12,329,123 (53% of retail revenues) and $12,160,861 (50% of retail revenues) for 2015 and 2014, respectively. The improvement in retail gross profit as a percentage of revenues from 2014 to 2015 is due to energy prices, maintenance expenses and water system losses for 2015 that were less than those for 2014.

Consistent with prior periods, we record all non-direct G&A expenses in our retail segment and do not allocate any of these non-direct costs to our other two business segments. Retail G&A expenses for 2015 and 2014 were $10,713,687 and $11,183,731, respectively. G&A expenses declined from 2014 to 2015 principally as a result of a decrease of approximately $531,000 in professional fees primarily due to incremental legal fees incurred in 2014 for the judicial review conducted in connection with our retail license negotiations.

CW-Bali owns and operates a seawater reverse osmosis plant with a productive capacity of approximately 790,000 gallons per day located in Nusa Dua, one of the primary tourist areas of Bali, Indonesia. We built this plant based upon our belief that future water shortages in this area of Bali will eventually enable us to sell all of this plant’s production. However, to date we have been unable to obtain enough customers to generate a profit at this plant. We sold approximately 44.0 million and 54.0 million gallons of water from this plant during 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, capitalized costs for this plant reflected on our consolidated balance sheet were approximately $3.0 million. The revenues we generated from this plant amounted to approximately $368,000 and $472,000 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. CW-Bali’s operating losses were approximately ($484,000) and ($458,000) for 2015 and 2014, respectively. See further discussion of CW-Bali at Item 7. “LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES - Material Commitments, Expenditures and Contingencies.”

Bulk Segment:

The bulk segment contributed $8,613,523 and $9,676,263 to our income from operations for 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Bulk segment revenues were $31,854,255 and $39,201,011 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in bulk revenues from 2014 to 2015 is principally attributable to our Bahamas and Cayman operations, whose revenues decreased by approximately $5,641,000 and $1,532,000, respectively. The 2015 revenue decrease for our bulk operations resulted from significant decreases in the prices of diesel fuel and electricity from 2014 to 2015 that reduced the energy component of our bulk water rates, declines of 13% and 3% in the volumes of water sold by our Bahamas and Cayman operations, respectively, a reallocation of production to the Red Gate plant from the North Sound plant while the North Sound plant was being refurbished, and a reduction in rates charged for water produced from the North Sound Plant under the terms of the two-year operating agreement extension. These lower volumes of water sold by our bulk operations in 2015 reflects (i) the continuing water conservation and loss mitigation efforts of the Water and Sewerage Corporation of the Bahamas; and (ii) a decrease in purchases by the WAC.

Gross profit for our bulk segment was $10,219,466 and $11,281,762 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. Gross profit as a percentage of bulk revenues was approximately 32% for 2015 and 29% for 2014. Total gross profit dollars decreased in 2015 due to maintenance and repairs expenses that exceeded those for 2014 by approximately $363,000 and the lower revenues generated in 2015.

Bulk segment G&A expenses remained consistent at $1,605,943 and $1,605,499 for 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Services Segment:

The services segment incurred losses from operations of ($1,760,895) and ($4,192,334) for 2015 and 2014, respectively. We anticipate that the services segment will continue to incur losses from operations while we continue to fund the project development activities of NSC and/or until such time as we obtain significant new management services or plant construction contracts.

Services segment revenues were $2,007,190 and $2,253,135 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. Services revenues decreased in 2015 due to a decline in procurement services fees of approximately $221,000.

The services segment generated a gross profit of $377,969 in 2015 as opposed to a gross loss in 2014 of ($327,125), as a result of improved gross profit margins for our construction activities.

G&A expenses for the services segment were $2,138,864 and $3,865,209 for 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in G&A expenses for 2015 as compared to 2014 reflects a decrease of approximately $1,534,000 in the project development expenses incurred by NSC, our Mexican subsidiary.

Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2013

Consolidated Results

Net income attributable to Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. common stockholders for 2014 was $6,265,358 ($0.42 per share on a fully-diluted basis), as compared to $8,594,519 ($0.58 per share on a fully-diluted basis) for 2013.

Total revenues for 2014 increased to $65,559,078 from $63,822,131 in 2013 due to increases in revenues for our services and retail segments. Gross profit for 2014 was $23,115,498 or 35% of total revenues, as compared to $23,505,879 or 37% of total revenues, for 2013. Gross profit for the bulk and service segments decreased from 2013 to 2014 while gross profit for the retail segment increased in 2014 from 2013. For further discussion of revenues and gross profit for 2014, see the “Results by Segment” analysis that follows.

General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses on a consolidated basis were $16,654,439 and $15,844,303 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase of approximately 5% in consolidated G&A expenses in 2014 resulted from increases in (i) the project development expenses incurred by NSC, our Mexico subsidiary, of approximately $544,000; and (ii) professional fees of approximately $378,000 reflecting consulting and legal fees incurred for the judicial review conducted in conjunction with our retail license negotiations. These increases were partially offset by decreases in (i) non-Mexico related business development costs of approximately $108,000; and (ii) research and development costs of approximately $91,000.

Interest income increased to $1,440,631 for 2014 from $826,570 in 2013 due to interest on past due accounts receivables from the WSC.

We recognized earnings and profit sharing on our investment in OC-BVI for 2014 and 2013 of $414,755 and $1,337,352, respectively. Our earnings from OC-BVI decreased from 2014 to 2013 due to the receipt by OC-BVI during 2013 of approximately $2 million for the remaining unpaid balance awarded in the Baughers Bay litigation. See further discussion of OC-BVI and the Baughers Bay litigation at Note 8 of our Consolidated Financial Statements at Item 8.

Results by Segment

Retail Segment:

The retail segment contributed $977,130 and $1,248,717 to our income from operations for 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Revenues generated by our retail water operations were $24,104,932 and $23,018,498 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The additional retail revenues we generated in 2014 are attributable to an increase in the gallons of water sold of 3% from 2013 to 2014 for our Cayman Water retail operations and an increase of approximately $328,000 in revenues generated by CW- Bali.

Retail segment gross profit was $12,160,861 (50% of retail revenues) and $12,061,594 (52% of retail revenues) for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The decline in gross profit as a percentage of revenues from 2013 to 2014 is due to higher plant and pipeline maintenance costs for our Cayman operations and a negative gross profit for our Bali operations.

Consistent with prior periods, we record all non-direct G&A expenses in our retail segment and do not allocate any of these non-direct costs to our other two business segments. Retail G&A expenses for 2014 and 2013 were $11,183,731 and $10,812,877, respectively. G&A expenses increased from 2013 to 2014 principally as a result of increases of approximately (i) $378,000 in professional fees reflecting consulting and legal fees incurred for the judicial review conducted in conjunction with our retail license negotiations; (ii) $88,000 for computer system updates; and (iii) $80,000 in employee costs due to base salary increases. These increases were partially offset by decreases in (i) non-Mexico related business development costs of approximately $108,000; (ii) research and development costs of approximately $91,000.

CW-Bali owns and operates a seawater reverse osmosis plant with a productive capacity of approximately 790,000 gallons per day located in Nusa Dua, one of the primary tourist areas of Bali, Indonesia. We built this plant based upon our belief that future water shortages in this area of Bali will eventually enable us to sell all of this plant’s production. We utilized approximately 18.8% of this plant’s capacity during the year ended December 31, 2014, selling to customers on a month-to-month basis. As of December 31, 2014, capitalized costs for this plant reflected on our consolidated balance sheet were approximately $3.3 million. The revenues we generated from this plant amounted to approximately $472,000 and $144,000 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. CW-Bali’s operating losses were approximately ($458,000) and ($438,000) for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Bulk Segment:

The bulk segment contributed $9,676,263 and $10,037,263 to our income from operations for 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Bulk segment revenues were $39,201,011 and $39,960,220 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The decrease in bulk revenues of approximately $759,000 from 2013 to 2014 is attributable to our Bahamas operations, which generated approximately $2.5 million less in revenues in 2014 than in 2013. The 2014 revenue decrease for our Bahamas operations resulted from a decrease in the volume of water sold (primarily from our Blue Hills plant) to the Water and Sewerage Corporation of the Bahamas (“WSC”). In 2013, the WSC purchased water volumes from our Blue Hills plant that were significantly higher than the minimum amounts they were required to purchase under the water supply agreement for this plant. However, as a result of water conservation and loss mitigation efforts it has conducted since that time, the WSC has significantly reduced the amount of water lost by its distribution system and consequently decreased the volume of water purchased from our Blue Hills plant in 2014 (although the WSC continued to purchase more in 2014 than the contract minimum amount). The decrease in the revenues from our Bahamas operations was partially mitigated by a $1.7 million increase in revenues from our Cayman bulk operations that resulted from a 23% increase in the gallons of water sold. Such incremental sales volumes were due to the temporary closing (for refurbishment) of the one plant owned by the WAC that we no longer operate.

Gross profit for our bulk segment was $11,281,762 and $11,681,132 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Gross profit as a percentage of bulk revenues was approximately 29% for both 2014 and 2013. The gross profit dollars and gross profit as a percentage of revenues from 2013 to 2014 remained fairly consistent as greater gross profit for our Cayman bulk operations in 2014 mitigated the lower gross profit for our Bahamas bulk operations.

Bulk segment G&A expenses remained consistent at $1,605,499 and $1,643,869 for 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Services Segment:

The services segment incurred losses from operations of ($4,192,334) and ($3,624,404) for 2014 and 2013, respectively. We anticipate that the services segment will continue to incur losses from operations while we continue to fund the project development activities of NSC and/or until such time as we obtain significant new management services or plant construction contracts.

Services segment revenues were $2,253,135 and $843,413 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Services revenues increased from 2013 to 2014 primarily due to construction revenues generated from our contracts with the WAC to refurbish their Lower Valley plant and build a plant on Cayman Brac.

Gross profit for our services segment was ($327,125) and ($236,847) for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The lower gross profit for 2014 reflects a decline in sales of consumables stock to OC-BVI and other outside parties.

G&A expenses for the services segment were $3,865,209 and $3,387,557 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in G&A expenses for 2014 as compared to 2013 reflects an increase of approximately $544,000 in the project development activities of NSC attributable to a $1.0 million payment on an option agreement to purchase the shares in NSC held by one of its shareholders and a $350,000 payment made to reimburse a construction contractor for pilot testing and water monitoring activities conducted by the contractor on behalf of NSC. Such reimbursement was required due to NSC’s decision not to extend a memorandum of understanding with this contractor. See further discussion of these two payments at Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included at Item 8.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity Position

Our projected liquidity requirements for 2016 include capital expenditures for our existing operations of approximately $3.9 million, approximately $7.0 million for debt service on our demand loan payable and approximately $1.2 million for NSC’s project development activities. Our liquidity requirements for 2016 may also include quarterly dividends, if such dividends are declared by our Board. Our dividend payments amounted to approximately $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.

In May 2014, we obtained financing (the proceeds of which were used to fund NSC’s land purchases in May 2014) in the form of a demand loan payable with an initial principal balance of $10 million. Assuming the loan is not called by the lender, payments on this loan are due quarterly under a five year amortization schedule with the remaining principal balance due on May 14, 2016. This loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.5%.

As of December 31, 2015, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $44.8 million and working capital of approximately $52.2 million. We are not presently aware of anything that would lead us to believe that we will not have sufficient liquidity to meet our needs for 2016 and thereafter.

In February 2016, we purchased 51% of the equity ownership of Aerex Industries, Inc., a U.S. original equipment manufacturer and service provider of a wide range of products and services applicable to municipal and industrial water treatment, for $7.7 million in cash.

Discussion of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2015

Our cash and cash equivalents increased to $44,792,734 as of December 31, 2015 from $35,713,689 as of December 31, 2014.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our operating activities provided net cash of approximately $17.3 million. This net cash provided reflects net income generated for the year of approximately $7.9 million as adjusted for (i) various items included in the determination of net income that do not affect cash flows during the year and (ii) changes in the other components of working capital. The more significant of such items included depreciation and amortization of approximately $5.9 million, a net decrease in accounts receivable of approximately $3.4 million, and a non-cash impairment charge for our investment in OC-BVI of $1,060,000.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used in our investing activities was approximately $2.1 million. We increased the total amount invested in certificates of deposit by $637,538 during the year and purchased property plant and equipment and expended funds on construction in progress in the normal course of business in the aggregate of amount of approximately $3.1 million. We also collected $1.7 million in principal repayments on our notes receivable from the WAC.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Our financing activities used approximately $6.2 million in net cash as we paid dividends of approximately $4.4 million and repaid $2.0 million of our demand note payable.

Material Commitments, Expenditures and Contingencies

Retail License

We sell water through our retail operations under a license issued in July 1990 by the Cayman Islands government that grants Cayman Water the exclusive right to provide potable water to customers within its licensed service area. As discussed below, this license was set to expire in July 2010 but has since been extended while negotiations for a new license take place. Pursuant to the license, we have the exclusive right to produce potable water and distribute it by pipeline to our licensed service area which consists of two of the three most populated areas of Grand Cayman, the Seven Mile Beach and West Bay areas. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we generated approximately 40%, 36% and 36%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues and 55%, 53% and 52%, respectively, of our consolidated gross profits from the retail water operations conducted pursuant to Cayman Water’s exclusive license. As discussed later herein, if we are not in default of any of its terms, this license provides us with the right to renew the license on terms that are no less favorable than those that the government offers to any third party.

The license was scheduled to expire in July 2010 but has been extended several times by the Cayman Islands government in order to provide the parties with additional time to negotiate the terms of a new license agreement. The most recent extension of the license was scheduled to expire on December 31, 2015; however, we have been informed by the WAC that our license will be extended through June 30, 2016 and that formal documentation of such extension is in process.

In February 2011, the Water (Production and Supply) Law, 2011 and the Water Authority (Amendment) Law, 2011 (the “New Laws”) were published and enacted. Under the New Laws, the WAC will issue any new license, and such new license could include a rate of return on invested capital model, as discussed in the following paragraph.

Following the enactment of the New Laws, we were advised in correspondence from the Cayman Islands government and the WAC that: (i) the WAC is the principal negotiator, and not the Cayman Islands government, in our license negotiations, and (ii) the WAC has determined that a rate of return on invested capital model (“RCAM”) for the retail license is in the best interest of the public and our customers. RCAM is the rate model currently utilized in the electricity transmission and distribution license granted by the Cayman Islands government to the Caribbean Utilities Company, Ltd. We responded to the Cayman Islands government that we disagreed with its position on these two matters and negotiations for a new license temporarily ceased.

In July 2012, in an effort to resolve several issues relating to our retail license renewal negotiations, we filed an Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review (the “Application”) with the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands (the “Court”), seeking declarations that: (i) certain provisions of the New Laws appear to be incompatible and a determination as to how those provisions should be interpreted, (ii) the WAC’s roles as the principal license negotiator, statutory regulator and our competitor put the WAC in a position of hopeless conflict, and (iii) the WAC’s decision to replace the rate structure under our current exclusive license with RCAM was predetermined and unreasonable. In October 2012, we were notified that the Court agreed to consider the issues raised in the Application.

The hearing for this judicial review was held on April 1, 2014. Prior to the commencement of the hearing, the parties agreed that the Court should solely be concerned with the interpretation of the statutory provisions. As part of this agreement, the WAC agreed to consider our submissions on the RCAM model and/or alternative models of pricing. In June 2014, the Court determined that: (i) the renewal of the license does not require a public bidding process; and (ii) the WAC is the proper entity to negotiate with us for the renewal of the license.

Our submissions on the RCAM model and/or alternative models of pricing were made to the WAC on June 9, 2014. We received a letter from the WAC dated September 11, 2014, which fully rejected our submissions and stated that the WAC intend to provide us with a draft RCAM license in due course.

On November 21, 2014, we wrote to the Minister of Works offering to recommence license negotiations on the basis of the RCAM model subject to certain conditions which are: (i) the Government would undertake to amend the current water legislation to provide for an independent regulator and a fair and balanced regulatory regime more consistent with that provided under the electrical utility regulatory regime, (ii) the Government and we would mutually appoint an independent referee and chairman of the negotiations, (iii) our new license would provide exclusivity for the production and provision of all piped water, both potable and non-potable, within our Cayman Islands license area, (iv) the Government would allow us to submit our counter proposal to the WAC’s June 2010 RCAM license draft, and (v) the principle of subsidization of residential customer rates by commercial customer rates would continue under a new license. On March 23 2015, we received a letter from the Minister of Works with the following responses to our November 21, 2014 letter: (1) that while the Cayman government plans to create a public utilities commission, the provision of a new license will not depend upon the formation of such a commission; (2) any consideration regarding inclusion of the exclusive right to sell non-potable water within the area covered by the retail license will not take place until after the draft license has proceeded through the review process of the negotiations; (3) rather than allow us to submit a counter proposal to the WAC’s June 2010 RCAM license draft, the WAC will draft the license with the understanding that we will be allowed to propose amendments thereto; (4) the principle of subsidization of residential customer rates by commercial customer rates would continue under the new license; and (5) a request that we consider eliminating our monthly minimum volume charge in the new license.

We recommenced license negotiations with the WAC during the third quarter of 2015 based upon a draft RCAM license provided by the WAC. Such license negotiations remain on-going. We are presently unable to determine when such negotiations will be completed or the final outcome of such negotiations.

The Cayman Islands government could ultimately offer a third party a license to service some or all of our present service area. However, as set forth in the existing license, “the Governor hereby agrees that upon the expiry of the term of this Licence or any extension thereof, he will not grant a licence or franchise to any other person or company for the processing, distribution, sale and supply of water within the Licence Area without having first offered such a licence or franchise to the Company on terms no less favourable than the terms offered to such other person or company.”

The resolution of these license negotiations could result in a material reduction of the operating income and cash flows we have historically generated from our retail operations and could require us to record an impairment charge to reduce the $3,499,037 carrying value of our goodwill. Such impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

We are presently unable to determine what impact the resolution of this matter will have on our cash flows, financial condition or results of operations.

N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V.

In May 2010, we acquired, through our wholly-owned Netherlands subsidiary, Consolidated Water Cooperatief, U.A. (“CW-Cooperatief”) a 50% interest in N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V. (“NSC”), a development stage Mexican company. We have since purchased, through the conversion of a loan we made to NSC, sufficient shares to raise our ownership interest in NSC to 99.9%. NSC was formed to pursue a project (the “Project”) that originally encompassed the construction, operation and minority ownership of a 100 million gallon per day seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant to be located in northern Baja California, Mexico and accompanying pipelines to deliver water to the Mexican potable water system. As discussed in paragraphs that follow, during 2015 the scope of the Project was defined by the State of Baja, California to consist of a first phase consisting of a 50 million gallons per day plant and a pipeline that connects only to the Mexican potable water infrastructure and a second phase consisting of an additional 50 million gallons of production capacity. We believe the Project can be successful due to what we believe is a growing need for a new potable water supply to serve the area of north Baja California, Mexico and (indirectly) Southern California, U.S.

Since its inception NSC has engaged engineering groups with extensive regional and/or technical experience to prepare preliminary designs and cost estimates for the desalination plant and the proposed pipeline and prepare the environmental impact studies for local, state and federal regulatory agencies and has also acquired the land, performed pilot plant and feed water source testing, and evaluated financing alternatives for the Project..

NSC entered into a purchase contract for 8.1 hectares of land on which the proposed plant would be constructed and in 2012 obtained an extension of this purchase contract through May 15, 2014 in exchange for prepayments of (i) $500,000 paid at signing of the extension and (ii) a further $500,000 paid in May 2013. NSC paid $7.4 million in May 2014 to complete this land purchase. In 2013, NSC purchased an additional 12 hectares of land for the project for $12 million, of which $2 million was paid. NSC paid the remaining $10 million balance for this land purchase on May 15, 2014.

In 2012 and 2013, NSC conducted an equipment piloting plant and water data collection program at the proposed feed water source for the Project under a Memorandum of Understanding (the “EPC MOU”) with a global engineering, procurement and construction contractor for large seawater desalination plants. Under the EPC MOU, the contractor installed and operated an equipment piloting plant and collected water quality data from the proposed feed water source site in Rosarito Beach, Baja California, Mexico. The EPC MOU required that NSC negotiate exclusively with the contractor for the construction of the 100 million gallon per day seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant, and further required payment by NSC to the contractor of up to $500,000 as compensation for the operation and maintenance of the equipment piloting plant should NSC not award the engineering, procurement and construction contract for the Project to the contractor. This first phase of the pilot plant testing program was completed in October 2013. NSC decided not to extend the EPC MOU beyond its February 2014 expiration date and NSC paid the contractor $350,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compensation for the operation and maintenance of the pilot plant.

Based upon the initial scope of the Project, NSC signed a letter of intent with Otay Water District in Southern California in November 2012 to deliver no less than 20 million and up to 40 million gallons of water per day from the plant to the Otay Water District at the border between Mexico and the U.S. On November 25, 2013, Otay Water District submitted an application to the Department of State of the United States of America for a Presidential Permit authorizing the construction, connection, operation and importation of desalinated seawater at the international boundary between the United States and Mexico in San Diego County, California. We understand that this application is currently being reviewed by the relevant authorities. However, in discussions held in 2015, Mexican federal and state water regulators indicated to us that it is not likely that water produced by the Project would be approved by such regulators for direct sale by NSC to U.S. customers such as the Otay Water District. Instead any additional water ultimately provided to the United States as either a direct or indirect result of the Project would be arranged through third party agreements with Mexican governmental agencies and delivered by the means such agencies deem appropriate, which may or may not include a pipeline from the Project’s plant to the U.S. border.

In November 2012, NSC entered into a lease with an effective term of 20-years from the date of full operation of the desalination plant, with the Comisión Federal de Electricidad for approximately 5,000 square meters of land on which it plans to construct the water intake and discharge works for the plant. The amounts due on this lease are payable in Mexican pesos at an amount that is currently equivalent to approximately $20,000 per month. This lease is cancellable should NSC ultimately not proceed with the Project.

In August 2014, the State of Baja California enacted new legislation to regulate Public-Private Association projects which involve the type of long-term contract between a public sector authority and a private party that NSC is seeking to complete the Project. Pursuant to this new legislation, on January 4, 2015, NSC submitted an expression of interest for its project to the Secretary of Infrastructure and Urban Development of the State of Baja California (“SIDUE”). On January 23, 2015, SIDUE accepted NSC’s expression of interest and requested that NSC submit a detailed proposal for the Project that complies with requirements of the new legislation. NSC submitted this detailed proposal (the “APP Proposal”) to SIDUE in late March 2015. The new legislation requires that such proposal be evaluated by SIDUE and submitted to the Public-Private Association Projects State Committee (the “APP Committee”) for review and authorization. If the APP Committee grants its authorization, the State of Baja California (the “State’) is required to conduct a public tender for the Project.

In response to our APP Proposal, in September 2015 NSC received a letter dated June 30, 2015 from the Director General of the Comisión Estatal de Agua de Baja California (“CEA”), the State agency with responsibility for the Project. In this letter, CEA stated that (i) in its opinion, the Project is in the public interest with high social benefits and is consistent with the objectives of the State Development Plan and (ii) that the Project and accompanying required public tender process should be conducted On November 6, 2015, the State officially commenced the tender for the Project, which the State has defined as a first phase to be operational in 2019 consisting of a 50 million gallon per day plant and a pipeline that connects to the Mexican potable water infrastructure, and a second phase to be operational in 2024 consisting of an additional 50 million gallons per day of production capacity. The State has set March 23, 2016 as the tender submission date. The State tendering process requires that prospective bidders provide certain legal, technical and financial qualifications in order to obtain the tender document. NSC submitted its qualifications to the State, was deemed qualified by the State and provided the tender documents, and plans to submit its tender on or before the March 23, 2016 deadline.

We have acknowledged since the inception of the Project that, due to the amount of capital the Project requires, we will ultimately need an equity partner or partners for the Project. During the fourth quarter of 2014, we concluded that our chances of successfully completing the Project under the new Public-Private Association legislation would be greatly enhanced through the addition of an equity partner for NSC with substantial financial resources and a history of successful capital project investments in Mexico. In March 2015, NSC entered into a Letter of Intent (“LOI”) with such a potential partner. Pursuant to the LOI, (i) NSC agreed to sell the land and other Project assets to a new company (“Newco”) that will build and own the Project; (ii) NSC’s potential partner will provide the majority of the equity for the Project and thereby will own the majority interest in Newco; (iii) NSC would maintain a minority ownership position in Newco; and (iv) Newco would enter into a long-term management and technical services contract with NSC for the Project. This LOI is no longer valid, as its terms were applicable if and only if NSC and its potential partner were ultimately awarded the Project by early March 2016. However, we expect NSC’s tender submitted to the State will be based upon an agreement with one or more equity partners on terms comparable to those set forth in the LOI.

Included in our consolidated results of operations are general and administrative expenses from NSC, consisting of organizational, legal, accounting, engineering, consulting and other costs relating to NSC’s project development activities. Such expenses amounted to $2.2 million, $3.7 million and $3.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The assets and liabilities of NSC included in our consolidated balance sheets amounted to approximately $22.0 million and $488,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2015 and approximately $22.0 million and $214,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2014.

Despite the expenditures we have made and the activities we have completed to date, upon completion of the tender process the State may award the Project to a party other than NSC, or the State may decide to cancel the tender process. If NSC is not awarded the Project, the land we have purchased may lose its strategic importance as the site for the Project and consequently may decline in value. If NSC is not awarded the Project we may ultimately be unable to sell this land for amount equal to or in excess of its current carrying value of $20.6 million, and any loss on sale of the land, or impairment charge we may be required to record as a result of a decrease in the fair value of the land, could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

NSC Litigation

Immediately following CW-Cooperatief’s acquisition of its initial 50% ownership in NSC, the remaining 50% ownership interest in NSC was held by an unrelated company, Norte Sur Agua, S. de R.L. de C.V. (“NSA”). NSA subsequently transferred ownership of half of its shares in NSC to EWG Water LLC and the other half of its shares in NSC to Alejandro de la Vega (the “individual shareholder”). In February 2012, we paid $300,000 to enter into an agreement (the “Option Agreement”) that provided us with an option, exercisable through February 7, 2014, to purchase the shares of NSC owned by the individual shareholder, along with an immediate power of attorney to vote those shares, for $1.0 million. Such shares constituted 25% of the ownership of NSC as of February 2012. In May 2013, NSC repaid a $5.7 million loan payable to CW-Cooperatief by issuing additional shares of its stock. As a result of this share issuance to CW-Cooperatief, we acquired 99.9% of the ownership of NSC. The Option Agreement contained an anti-dilution provision that required us to issue new shares in NSC of an amount sufficient to maintain the individual shareholder’s 25% ownership interest in NSC if (i) any new shares of NSC were issued subsequent to the execution of the Option Agreement and (ii) we did not exercise our share purchase option by February 7, 2014. We exercised our option and paid the $1.0 million to the individual shareholder to purchase the Option Agreement shares in February 2014.

In October 2015, we learned that EWG has filed a lawsuit against the individual shareholder, NSC, NSA, CW-Cooperatief, Ricardo del Monte Nunez, Carlos Eduardo Ahumada Arruit, Luis de Angitia Becerra, and the Public Registry of Commerce of Tijuana, Baja California in the Civil Court located in Tecate, Baja California, Mexico. However, as of the date of the filing of this report, neither NSC nor CW-Cooperatief has been served with formal process for this lawsuit.

In this lawsuit, EWG is challenging the capital investment transactions that increased our ownership interest in NSC to 99.9%. EWG requested that the court, as a preliminary matter: (a) suspend the effectiveness of the challenged transactions; (b) order public officials in Mexico to record the pendency of the lawsuit in the public records; and (c) appoint an inspector for NSA and NSC to oversee its commercial activities. The court granted, ex-parte, the preliminary relief sought by EWG.

Additionally, EWG is also seeking an order directing: (i) NSA, NSC and CW-Cooperatief to refrain from carrying out any transactions with respect to the Project; and (ii) NSA, NSC and CW-Cooperatief, and the partners thereof, to refrain from transferring any interests in NSA, NSC and CW-Cooperatief. The court has not yet ruled on these requests.

EWG was offered opportunities to invest the capital required to maintain its relative ownership position in NSC in connection with the capital transactions that increased our ownership interest in NSC to 99.9% (i.e. the conversion of our loan to NSC into shares of its common stock), however, EWG consistently elected not to make such capital investments.

We believe that the claims made by EWG are baseless and without merit, and we will vigorously defend NSC and CW-Cooperatief in this litigation, and will seek dismissal of the orders entered by the court and all claims against NSC and CW-Cooperatief. Furthermore, on November 19, 2015, NSC and CW-Cooperatief filed a complaint in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York against EWG and its Managing Partner, based upon our conclusion that lawsuit filed by EWG in Mexico directly breaches a contract dated April 12, 2012 between NSC and CW-Cooperatief, and EWG. We are vigorously pursuing our claims and seeking relief pursuant to this complaint.

We cannot presently determine the outcome of this litigation. However, such litigation could adversely impact our efforts to complete the Project.

CW-Belize

By Statutory Instrument No. 81 of 2009, the Minister of Public Utilities of the government of Belize published an order, the Public Utility Provider Class Declaration Order, 2009 (the “Order”), which as of May 1, 2009 designated CW-Belize as a public utility provider under the laws of Belize. With this designation, the Public Utilities Commission of Belize (the “PUC”) has the authority to set the rates charged by CW-Belize and to otherwise regulate its activities. On November 1, 2010, CW-Belize received a formal complaint from the PUC alleging that CW-Belize was operating without a license under the terms of the Water Industry Act. CW-Belize applied for this license in December 2010. On July 29, 2011, the PUC issued the San Pedro Public Water Supply Quality and Security Complaint Order (the “Second Order”) which among other things requires that (i) CW-Belize and its customer jointly make a submission to the responsible Minister requesting that the area surrounding CW-Belize’s seawater abstraction wells be designated a forest reserve or national park and be designated a Controlled Area under section 58 of the Water Industry Act, (ii) CW-Belize submit an operations manual for CW-Belize’s desalination plant to the PUC for approval, (iii) CW-Belize and its customer modify the water supply agreement between the parties to (a) include new water quality parameters included in the Order and (b) cap the current exclusive water supply arrangement in the agreement at a maximum of 450,000 gallons per day, (iv) CW-Belize keep a minimum number of replacement seawater RO membranes in stock at all times and (v) CW-Belize take possession of and reimburse the PUC for certain equipment which the PUC purchased from a third-party in late 2010. CW-Belize has applied for declaratory judgment and has been granted a temporary injunction to stay the enforcement of the Second Order by the PUC until such time as the Belize courts could hear the matter. The initial hearing on this matter was conducted on October 30 and 31, 2012 with an additional hearing on November 29, 2012. The ruling on this case is pending. We are presently unable to determine what impact the Order and the Second Order will have on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Transfers of U.S. dollars from CW-Belize to our other subsidiaries require authorization in advance from the Central Bank of Belize.

Windsor Plant Water Supply Agreement

Our subsidiary, CW-Bahamas, provides bulk water to the WSC, which distributes the water through its own pipeline system to residential, commercial and tourist properties on the Island of New Providence. Pursuant to a water supply agreement, we are required to provide the WSC with at least 16.8 million gallons per week of potable water from the Windsor plant. This water supply agreement was scheduled to expire when we delivered the total amount of water required under the agreement in July 2013, but has been extended on a month-to-month basis. At the conclusion of the agreement, the WSC has the option to:

At the request of the government of The Bahamas, we continue to operate and maintain the Windsor plant on a month-to-month basis to provide the government of The Bahamas with additional time to decide whether or not it will extend CW-Bahamas’ water supply agreement for the Windsor plant on a long-term basis. CW-Bahamas generated revenues from the operation of this plant of approximately $5.8 million, $6.2 million and $7.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

CW-Bali

Through our subsidiary, CW-Bali, we have built and presently operate a seawater reverse osmosis plant with a productive capacity of approximately 790,000 gallons per day located in Nusa Dua, one of the primary tourist areas of Bali, Indonesia. We built this plant based upon our belief that future water shortages in this area of Bali will eventually enable us to sell all of this plant’s production. Our current sales volumes for this plant are not sufficient to cover its operating costs, and CW-Bali’s operating losses were approximately ($484,000), ($458,000) and ($438,000) for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, the capitalized costs for this plant reflected on our consolidated balance sheet were approximately $3.0 million.

In 2015, the Indonesian government passed Regulation 121 which provides a mechanism for governmental regulatory oversight over the utilization of Indonesia’s water resources. Under this new regulation, the approval or cooperation of the local government water utility is required for any water supply contracts executed by non-governmental providers after the effective date of the regulation. Consequently CW-Bali will be required to enter into a cooperation agreement with Bali’s local government water utility, PDAM, or otherwise obtain PDAM’s approval, to supply any new customers. However, we presently have no reason to believe PDAM would not approve any new water supply agreements for CW-Bali.

We are presently seeking a strategic partner to (i) purchase a major portion of our equity ownership in CW-Bali; (ii) lead its sales and marketing efforts; (iii) liaise with PDAM; and (iv) assist with CW-Bali’s on-going funding requirements. We also plan to market the available productive capacity of our Nusa Dua plant to PDAM. If we are not able to obtain a strategic partner for CW-Bali, sell water to PDAM or other new customers, or otherwise significantly increase the revenues generated by our Nusa Dua plant in the future, we will be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of CW-Bali’s plant assets to their fair value. Such an impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

Effect of Newly Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards:

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 requires revenue recognition to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 prescribes a five step framework in accounting for revenues from contracts within its scope, including (a) identification of the contract, (b) identification of the performance obligations under the contract, (c) determination of the transaction price, (d) allocation of the transaction price to the identified performance obligations and (e) recognition of revenues as the identified performance obligations are satisfied. ASU 2014-09 also prescribes additional disclosures and financial statement presentations. ASU 2014-09 may be adopted retrospectively or under a modified retrospective method where the cumulative effect is recognized at the date of initial application. This amendment was originally effective January 1, 2017. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which defers the effective date by one year to January 1, 2018. Early application is permitted but not before January 1, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this standard will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810) - Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. The amendments in this update require management to reevaluate whether certain legal entities should be consolidated. Specifically, the amendments (1) modify the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) or voting interest entities, (2) eliminate the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership, (3) affect the consolidation analysis of reporting entities that are involved with VIEs, particularly those that have fee arrangements and related party relationships, and (4) provide a scope exception from consolidation guidance for reporting entities with interests in legal entities that are required to comply with or operate in accordance with requirements that are similar to those in Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 for registered money market funds. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2015-02 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ASU 2015-03 provides authoritative guidance related to the presentation of debt issuance costs on the balance sheet, requiring companies to present debt issuance costs as a direct deduction from the carrying value of debt. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively to each prior period presented. The adoption of ASU 2015-03 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. ASU 2015-11 applies to all inventory that is measured using first-in, first-out or average cost. The guidance requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. ASU 2015-11 is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this amendment will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15, Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements, which clarifies the treatment of debt issuance costs from line-of-credit arrangements after adoption of ASU 2015-03. The SEC Staff announced they would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. The amendment requires retrospective application and represents a change in accounting principle. The amendment becomes effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The adoption of ASU 2015-15 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations: Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments, which requires an acquirer to recognize adjustments identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The adjustment must include the cumulative effect of the adjustment as if the accounting had been completed on the acquisition date. The update should be applied prospectively and becomes effective January 1, 2016. Early application is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2015-16 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which provides guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial assets and financial liabilities. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and, for most provisions, is effective using the cumulative-effect transition approach. Early application is permitted for certain provisions. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this amendment will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which provides guidance for accounting for leases. The new guidance requires companies to recognize the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leased assets. The accounting guidance for lessors will remain relatively largely unchanged. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this amendment will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Material Expenditures and Commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015:

(1) Includes interest costs to be incurred.

CW-Bahamas Liquidity

Transfers of U.S. dollars from CW-Bahamas to our other subsidiaries require authorization in advance from the Central Bank of The Bahamas.

CW-Bahamas Performance Guarantees

Our contract to supply water to the WSC from our Blue Hills plant requires us to guarantee delivery of a minimum quantity of water per week. If we do not meet this minimum, we are required to pay the WSC for the difference between the minimum and actual gallons delivered at a per gallon rate equal to the price per gallon that WSC is currently paying us under the contract. The Blue Hills contract expires in 2032 and requires us to deliver 63.0 million gallons of water each week.

Dividends

We have paid dividends to owners of our common shares and redeemable preferred shares since we began declaring dividends in 1985. Our payment of any future cash dividends will depend upon our earnings, financial condition, cash flows, capital requirements and other factors our Board deems relevant in determining the amount and timing of such dividends.

Dividend Reinvestment and Common Stock Purchase Plan.

This program is available to our shareholders, who may reinvest all or a portion of their common cash dividends into shares of common stock at prevailing market prices and may also invest optional cash payments to purchase additional shares at prevailing market prices as part of this program.

Impact of Inflation

Under the terms of our Cayman Islands license and our water sales agreements in The Bahamas, Belize and the British Virgin Islands, our water rates are automatically adjusted for inflation on an annual basis, subject to temporary exceptions. We, therefore, believe that the impact of inflation on our gross profit, measured in consistent dollars, will not be material. However, significant increases in items such as fuel and energy costs could create additional credit risks for us, as our customers’ ability to pay our invoices could be adversely affected by such increases.

Credit Risk

We are not exposed to significant credit risk on retail customer accounts in the Cayman Islands as our policy is to cease supply of water to customers whose accounts are more than 45 days overdue. Our primary exposure to credit risk is from accounts receivable arising from bulk water sales to the governments of Belize, The Bahamas, the British Virgin Islands, and the Cayman Islands.

As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately $5.6 million in loans receivable due from the Water Authority-Cayman. These loans were current as to scheduled principal and interest payments as of December 31, 2015.

Interest Rate Risk

We are not exposed to significant interest rate risk as the balance of our demand loan payable is not material to our operations or financial condition.

Foreign Exchange Risk

All of the currencies in our operating areas other than the Mexican peso, Indonesian rupiah (“IDR”) and the euro have been fixed to the dollar for over 30 years and we do not employ a hedging strategy against exchange rate risk associated with our reporting in dollars. If any of these fixed exchange rates becomes a floating exchange rate or if any of the foreign currencies in which we conduct business depreciate significantly against the dollar, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

As a result of our foreign operations, we have revenues and expenses, and assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies that are subject to variable foreign exchange rates. A 10% hypothetical adverse change in foreign exchange rates applied consistently to our financial instruments subject to foreign exchange risk would result in an increase or decrease in our consolidated net income of approximately $308,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015. A 10% hypothetical adverse change in foreign exchange rates applied variably to our financial instruments subject to foreign exchange risk would result in an increase or decrease in our consolidated net income of approximately $402,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Although operations generally are conducted in the relevant local currency, we also are subject to foreign exchange transaction exposure when our subsidiaries transact business in a currency other than their own functional currency.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

Consolidated Water Co. Ltd.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015. We also have audited Consolidated Water Co. Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Consolidated Water Co. Ltd.’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED WATER CO. LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Principal activity

Consolidated Water Co. Ltd., and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) use reverse osmosis technology to produce potable water from seawater. The Company processes and supplies water to its customers in the Cayman Islands, Belize, The Bahamas, the British Virgin Islands and Indonesia. The Company sells water to a variety of customers, including public utilities, commercial and tourist properties, residential properties and government facilities. The base price of water supplied by the Company, and adjustments thereto, are determined by the terms of a retail license and bulk water supply contracts which provide for adjustments based upon the movement in the government price indices specified in the license and contracts as well as monthly adjustments for changes in the cost of energy. The Company also provides engineering and design services for water plant construction, and manages and operates water plants owned by others.

2. Accounting policies

Basis of preparation: The consolidated financial statements presented are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Use of estimates: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to estimates and assumptions include the carrying value of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, goodwill and the fair value of the Company’s investment in its affiliate. Actual results could differ significantly from such estimates.

Basis of consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company’s (i) wholly-owned subsidiaries, Aquilex, Inc., Cayman Water Company Limited (“Cayman Water”), Consolidated Water (Belize) Limited (“CW-Belize”), Ocean Conversion (Cayman) Limited (“OC-Cayman”), DesalCo Limited (“DesalCo”), Consolidated Water Cooperatief, U.A. (“CW-Cooperatief”); and (ii) majority-owned subsidiaries Consolidated Water (Bahamas) Ltd. (“CW-Bahamas”), Consolidated Water (Asia) Pte. Limited, PT Consolidated Water Bali (“CW-Bali”) and N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V. (“NSC”). The Company’s investment in its affiliate, Ocean Conversion (BVI) Ltd. (“OC-BVI”), is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Foreign currency: The Company’s reporting currency is the United States dollar (“US$”). The functional currency of the Company and its foreign operating subsidiaries (other than NSC and CW-Cooperatief) is the currency for each respective country. The functional currency for NSC is the US$. The exchange rates between the Cayman Islands dollar, the Belize dollar, the Bahamian dollar are fixed to the US$. CW-Cooperatief conducts business in US$ and euros, CW-Bali conducts business in US$ and Indonesian rupiahs, and NSC conducts business in US$ and Mexican pesos. The exchange rates for conversion of euros, rupiahs and Mexican pesos into US$ vary based upon market conditions. Net foreign currency gains (losses) arising from transactions conducted in foreign currencies were ($485,291), ($111,409) and ($197,396) for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and are included in “Other income (expense)” in the consolidated statements of income.

Comprehensive income: Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) is the total of net income and other comprehensive income (loss) which, for the Company, is comprised entirely of foreign currency translation adjustments related to CW-Bali.

Cash and cash equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents consist of demand deposits at banks and highly liquid deposits at banks with an original maturity of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 include $13.6 million and $3.0 million, respectively, of certificates of deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company had deposits in U.S. banks in excess of federally insured limits of approximately $1.9 million. As of December 31, 2015, the Company held cash in foreign bank accounts of approximately $44.4 million.

Transfers from the Company’s Bahamas and Belize bank accounts to Company bank accounts in other countries require the approval of the Central Bank of the Bahamas and Belize, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, the equivalent United States dollar cash balances for deposits held in the Bahamas and Belize were approximately $23.2 million and $4.2 million, respectively. The $23.2 million Bahamas balance includes the Company’s certificate of deposit balance of approximately $5.6 million.

Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts: Accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts based on meter readings or minimum take-or-pay amounts per contractual agreements. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable balance. The Company determines the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical write-off experience and monthly review of delinquent accounts. Past due balances are reviewed individually for collectability and disconnection. Account balances are charged off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered by management to be remote.

Inventory: Inventory primarily includes consumables stock and spare parts stock that are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost determined on the first-in, first-out basis. Inventory also includes potable water held in the Company’s reservoirs. The carrying amount of the water inventory is the lower of the average cost of producing water during the year or its net realizable value.

Loans receivable: Loans receivable relate to notes receivable from customers arising from the construction and sale of water desalination plants. The allowance for loan losses, if any, is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing loans and is determined on an individual loan basis.

Property, plant and equipment: Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using a straight line method with an allowance for estimated residual values. Rates are determined based on the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: