CPI Card Group Inc. - Annual Report: 2022 (Form 10-K)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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Form 10-K

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Commission File Number 001-37584

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CPI Card Group Inc.

(Exact name of the registrant as specified in its charter)

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Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (720) 681-6304

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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐   No ☑

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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐   No ☑

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑   No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑   No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑ 

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☑

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If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

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The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates was $76.2 million on June 30, 2022 computed based on the closing price of the registrant’s common stock of $16.80 as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market on that date.

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As of March 1, 2023, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock was 11,391,580.

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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

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Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

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Certain statements and information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (as well as information included in other written or oral statements we make from time to time) may contain or constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The words “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “intend,” “foresee,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “continue,” “committed,” “attempt,” “target,” “objective,” “guides,” “seek,” “focus,” “provides guidance,” “provides outlook” or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, which are not historical in nature. These forward-looking statements, including statements about our strategic initiatives and market opportunities, are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect on us and other information currently available. Such forward-looking statements, because they relate to future events, are by their very nature subject to many important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or other events to differ materially from those contemplated.

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These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: a deterioration in general economic conditions, including rising inflation and resulting in reduced consumer confidence and business spending, and a decline in consumer credit worthiness impacting demand for our products; a disruption or other failure in our supply chain, including as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and with respect to single source suppliers, or the failure or inability of suppliers to comply with our code of conduct or contractual requirements, or political unrest in countries in which our suppliers operate, resulting in increased costs and inability to pass those costs on to our customers and extended production lead times and difficulty meeting customers’ delivery expectations; our failure to retain our existing customers or identify and attract new customers; the unpredictability of our operating results, including an inability to anticipate changes in customer inventory management practices and its impact on our business; our status as an accelerated filer and complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the costs associated with such compliance and implementation of procedures thereunder; our failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting; our inability to recruit, retain and develop qualified personnel, including key personnel; the potential effects of COVID-19 and responses thereto on our business, including our supply chain, customer demand, workforce, operations; system security risks, data protection breaches and cyber-attacks; interruptions in our operations, including our information technology (“IT”) systems, or in the operations of the third parties that operate computing infrastructure on which we rely; our inability to develop, introduce and commercialize new products; our substantial indebtedness, including inability to make debt service payments or refinance such indebtedness; the restrictive terms of our indebtedness and covenants of future agreements governing indebtedness and the resulting restraints on our ability to pursue our business strategies; disruptions in production at one or more of our facilities; defects in our software; environmental, social and governance preferences and demands of various stakeholders and our ability to conform to such preferences and demands and to comply with any related regulatory requirements; the effects of climate change, negative perceptions of our products due to the impact of our products and production processes on the environment and other ESG-related risks; disruptions in production due to weather conditions, climate change, political instability or social unrest; our inability to adequately protect our trade secrets and intellectual property rights from misappropriation, infringement claims brought against us and risks related to open source software; our limited ability to raise capital; problems in production quality, materials and process; costs and impacts to our financial results relating to the obligatory collection of sales tax and claims for uncollected sales tax in states that impose sales tax collection requirements on out-of-state businesses or unclaimed property, as well as potential new U.S. tax legislation increasing the corporate income tax rate and challenges to our income tax positions; our inability to successfully execute on our divestitures or acquisitions; our inability to realize the full value of our long-lived assets; costs relating to product defects and any related product liability and/or warranty claims; our inability to renew licenses with key technology licensors; the highly competitive, saturated and consolidated nature of our marketplace; the effects of restrictions, delays or interruptions in our ability to source raw materials and components used in our products from foreign countries; the effects on the global economy of the ongoing military action by Russia in Ukraine; costs and potential liabilities associated with compliance or failure to comply with regulations, customer contractual requirements and evolving industry standards regarding consumer privacy and data use and security; new and developing technologies that make our existing technology solutions and products obsolete or less relevant or our failure to introduce new products and services in a timely manner; quarterly variation in our operating results; our failure to operate our business in accordance with the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council security standards or other industry standards; our failure to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations that apply to our products and the raw materials we use in our production processes; risks associated with the majority stockholders’ ownership of our stock; potential conflicts of interest that may arise due to our board of directors being comprised in part of directors who are principals of our majority stockholders; the influence of securities analysts over the trading market for and price of our common stock; failure to meet the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq Global Market; the impact of stockholder activism or securities litigation, on the trading price and volatility of our common stock; certain provisions of our organizational documents and other contractual provisions

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that may delay or prevent a change in control and make it difficult for stockholders other than our majority stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors; our ability to comply with a wide variety of complex laws and regulations and the exposure to liability for any failure to comply; the effect of legal and regulatory proceedings; and other risks that are described in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

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We caution and advise readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. These statements are based on assumptions that may not be realized and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or other events to differ materially from the expectations and beliefs contained herein. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date they are made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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PART I

As used herein, “CPI,” “we,” “our” and similar terms refer to CPI Card Group Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

Overview

We are a payment technology company and leading provider of comprehensive Financial Payment Card solutions in the United States. We define “Financial Payment Cards” as credit, debit and Prepaid Debit Cards (as defined below) issued on the networks of the “Payment Card Brands” (Visa, Mastercard^®, American Express^® and Discover^®). We define “Prepaid Debit Cards” as debit cards issued on the networks of the Payment Card Brands, but not linked to a traditional bank account. We also offer an instant card issuance solution, which provides customers the ability to issue a personalized debit or credit card within the bank branch to individual cardholders. We have established a leading position in the Financial Payment Card solutions market through more than 20 years of experience.

We serve a diverse set of several thousand customers which includes direct customers and indirect customer relationships, whereby CPI provides Financial Payment Card solutions to a customer through a Group Service Provider (as defined below). Our customers include some of the largest issuers of debit and credit cards in the United States, the largest Prepaid Debit Card program managers in the United States, numerous financial technology companies (“fintechs”), as well as independent community banks, credit unions and Group Service Providers. We define “Group Service Providers” as reseller or card processor organizations that assist small card issuers, such as credit unions, with managing their credit and debit card programs, including managing the Financial Payment Card issuance process, core banking operations and other financial services.

We serve our customers through a network of high-security production and card services facilities in the United States, each of which is audited for compliance with the standards of the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council (the “PCI Security Standards Council”) by one or more of the Payment Card Brands. Many of our customers require us to comply with PCI Security Standards Council requirements that relate to the provision of our products and services. Our network of high-security production facilities allows us to optimize our solutions offerings and to serve the needs of our diverse customer base.

Driven by a combination of our strong relationships, quality, technology, innovation, and supply-chain management, we believe we have strong positions in the following markets:

Our business consists of the following reportable segments:

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For additional details regarding our segments, see Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 17 "Segment Reporting," and Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our Competitive Strengths

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We continuously work to enhance our offerings and to create and deliver next generation products and solutions that meet the demands of the marketplace and our customers. CPI’s Second Wave^® payment cards featuring a core made with recovered ocean-bound plastic (“ROBP”), and Earthwise^® cards made with upcycled plastic address customer demands for more eco-focused card options. We also sell CPI Metals^®, a premium encased metal card. Our offerings also include Card@Once, our proprietary and patented instant card issuance system and SaaS solution. We believe that our technological and operational capabilities, combined with our specific focus on the Financial Payment Solutions market, gives us a competitive advantage.

EMV^® is a registered trademark or tradename of EMVCo LLC in the United States and other countries.

Our Strategy

We are a payment technology company that provides end-to-end debit, credit and prepaid payment solutions delivered physically, digitally and on-demand. Our vision is to be our customers’ partner of choice by providing market-leading quality products, customer service and continuous innovation with a market-competitive business model. We believe we are well-positioned for success given our diversified business model, history of innovation and ability to evolve with the needs and expectations of our customers. By helping our customers elevate their customers’ experience, we foster compelling connections between people and technology through traditional and next generation solutions that build brands and enhance people’s everyday lives. To achieve our vision, we focus on our four strategic priorities: deep customer focus, market-leading quality products and customer service, continuous innovation, and market competitive business model.

Deep Customer Focus

We are committed to keeping our customers at the center of everything we do. By partnering with our customers and allowing their needs to inform our business, we enhance our ability to deliver value and help their businesses thrive. We aim to inspire and satisfy our customers by redefining experiences that may have traditionally seemed rigid and complex. With our full and expanding suite of catalytic and competitively differentiated products and solutions, we offer our customers choice, convenience and control.

Market-Leading Quality Products and Customer Service

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Our strong team of dedicated, passionate employees embrace a culture of collaboration and steadfast focus on delivering superior products and exceptional customer service which has helped build us into a leading solutions provider. With a focus on market-leading quality products and customer service, we are committed to operational excellence and adapting to market dynamics to help our customers achieve top-of-wallet status and build their businesses. We listen to the voices of our customers and focus on helping them deliver unique and differentiated solutions that elevate their customers’ experience. We are accountable for our actions, and work synergistically to deliver results for our customers, our employees and our stockholders.

Continuous Innovation

With innovation as a core competency, we strategically invest to support continued growth and expand our opportunities to partner purposefully with our current and potential customers. We strive to enhance our offerings to create and deliver next generation products and solutions that meet the demands of the marketplace and exceed customers’ expectations. Continuous innovation aims to win new business and help our customers differentiate themselves with distinctive products and solutions, build their brands, and achieve top-of-wallet status.

Market-Competitive Business Model

By creating a dynamic and efficient operating model, we have positioned ourselves to better serve our customers. We aim to streamline our operations, which enables us to allocate resources focused on providing our

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customers with unmatched solutions, innovation and exceptional service. We have also developed standards of excellence and target metrics regarding the quality, reliability and on-time delivery of our products. We invest in equipment advancements and technology in order to create broader capabilities as well as improve the quality and efficiencies of, and the customer satisfaction with, our offerings. We continue to focus on driving top-line performance, profitability, and operational efficiency.

Our Products and Services

EMV Financial Payment Cards (Contact and Contactless Dual-Interface)

We produce plastic EMV cards, including our eco-focused solutions that we describe further below, and encased metal contact EMV cards. These EMV cards feature an integrated circuit that interfaces with an EMV payment terminal over a contact plate on the surface of the card when inserted into an EMV-enabled payment terminal. We also produce contactless EMV cards which feature a radio-frequency identification (“RFID”) antenna that utilizes near field communications (“NFC”) technology to allow transactions to process on a contactless basis when the card is brought within the requisite proximity to an NFC-enabled payment terminal. Dual-interface EMV cards also have contact EMV technology, and we generally refer to all cards we produce with an RFID antenna as ‘contactless’ cards.

Earth Elements^TM Eco-Focused Cards

We believe we are a leading provider of eco-focused card solutions in the U.S., having sold more than 90 million eco-focused contactless payment cards since launch in 2019. Our Earth Elements portfolio offers eco-focused solutions, including our Second Wave cards that feature a core made with ROBP and our Earthwise cards made with upcycled plastic. Dependent upon design and card construction, Earth Elements cards incorporate varying types and amounts of upcycled plastic content, including ROBP, recycled PVC and recycled PET-G. Cards in the Earth Elements portfolio are available in all forms of EMV Financial Payment Cards (contact and contactless dual-interface), and have been approved by two of the major Payment Card Brands. These solutions aim to satisfy increasing consumer demand for more eco-focused products and help support our and our customers’ environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) objectives.

Non-EMV Financial Payment Cards

We produce non-EMV cards that utilize magnetic stripes, contactless cards that utilize NFC technology, and cards that include both magnetic stripes and NFC technology. In addition, we produce non-EMV cards that are issued on the networks of the Payment Card Brands, including prepaid debit cards. In 2020 we began producing non-EMV cards for the purpose of government disbursement in the U.S., and have produced non-EMV transit cards and health savings account cards. We also produce retail gift cards that are not issued on the networks of the Payment Card Brands.

Card Data Personalization and Fulfillment

We provide data preparation and card data personalization solutions for debit, credit and Prepaid Debit Cards in contact, contactless, and dual-interface EMV, and non-EMV card formats. Our personalization services are technology-driven with full color printing and edge-to-edge coverage, and provide a wide range of card customization options, using advanced processes to personalize (encode, program and emboss or print with data such as cardholder name and account number) and fulfill cards to individual cardholders. Our services provide customers with an inventory of their card stock and fulfillment materials. In addition, we provide EMV data preparation services for our customers and in certain cases generate PIN numbers and mailers on their behalf. We also provide consultation and card design services to further assist customers in card customization.

Print-On-Demand Solution

Through our print-on-demand services, we are able to produce images, personalized payment cards and related collateral on a one-by-one, on-demand basis for our customers, enabling individualized offerings and reducing inventory. Our service offering includes online ordering of a customized payment card through a program manager, with direct fulfillment to a consumer. We believe our print-on-demand solution further differentiates us with our financial institution and prepaid debit card program manager customers and enables us to access business-to-business and

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business-to-consumer verticals such as healthcare, transit, payroll, corporate incentives, government disbursement, benefits and insurance.

Instant Card Issuance Systems and Services

In addition to centralized personalization services performed at our facilities, our customers may also utilize personalization services through Card@Once, our proprietary and patented instant card issuance system and SaaS solution, which provides our customers the ability to issue a completely personalized, permanent debit or credit card within the bank branch to individual cardholders upon demand. Our instant issuance system is enabled by cloud-based software that securely transfers data from our servers to encode a magnetic stripe card, a contact EMV card or a contactless dual-interface EMV card, and personalize the card on a desktop printer solution provided by CPI. These processes are audited for PCI data security standards compliance annually. Our instant issuance system generates both initial sales revenue for the printer solution and recurring revenue from card personalization and sales of cards and consumables. We offer multiple Card@Once solutions including our premium Spectrum solution that enables issuers to produce a high resolution payment card with over-the-edge printing capability.

Digital Services

While not currently significant to our financial results, we provide digital services and issuance technologies, including online card ordering, order lifecycle management, customer inventory management, self-service card customization, push provisioning, and other innovative solutions.

Tamper-Evident Secure Packaging Solutions

We offer specialized and innovative tamper-evident secure packaging products and services to customers aimed at reducing fraud for Prepaid Debit Cards sold through the retail channel. In certain cases, we also manage the fulfillment of fully-completed Prepaid Debit Card packages to retail locations on behalf of our customers utilizing this solution.

Suppliers

While we have developed constructive relationships with our suppliers and, in general, receive a high level of cooperation and support from them, one objective of our procurement strategy is not to depend on any single supplier. However, certain components are only available from a single supplier, or substituting a component from a different supplier may require additional time and investment. Some of the most important components of our products include the EMV/ contactless microchips and antennas. Our main suppliers of EMV/ contactless microchips and antennas include four leading international producers with locations in Germany, Thailand, South Korea and Singapore, some of which source materials from Taiwan. For the year ended December 31, 2022 approximately 97% of our purchased microchips and antennas came from these four main suppliers, and approximately 68% came from one supplier, with most of our contactless chips being provided from that same supplier. The other key components for our products are substrates and inlays. Additionally, our Second Wave payment cards feature a core made with ROBP, which we either have sourced or currently source from suppliers in Haiti and Thailand.

We monitor supply-chain risks and evaluate alternative suppliers based on numerous attributes including quality, performance, service, scalability, features, innovation, resiliency and price. Surges in demand for certain raw materials and components, as well as other factors such as staffing challenges, have continued to strain the global supply-chain network, which has resulted in increased costs of such raw materials and components, increased shipping costs, freight and logistics delays, longer lead times and unpredictability. Although we strive to place orders for materials and components sufficiently in advance to compile buffer stock to mitigate the impacts of freight and logistics delays and to bolster our access to raw materials and components, it is difficult to predict the ability of our suppliers to continue to fulfill such orders, and it is possible that such delays as well as costs to obtain such raw materials and components will continue. If suppliers cannot fulfill our orders this can constrain our ability to support customer demand and negatively impact net sales. To mitigate the supply-chain constraints discussed above, we increased inventory levels in 2022 and entered into a capacity reservation agreement with one of our chip suppliers to reserve production supply capacity. Under the agreement, we agreed to pay certain fees in exchange for the supplier’s commitment to reserve

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capacity to produce a set quantity of chips from 2023 through 2025, subject to certain conditions, and the Company has committed to purchase those chips. The total value of our commitment is $194.9 million over the term of the agreement.

Customers

We categorize our customers as follows: large issuers, small to mid-sized issuers, fintechs, prepaid debit issuers and program managers and Group Service Providers. We consider large issuers to be the top 10 card issuers in the United States based on an average of cards issued during the past three years. Our diverse customer base includes some of the largest issuers of credit and debit cards in the United States and the largest Prepaid Debit Card program managers in the United States.

The Company had one customer that accounted for 10% or more of its net sales in 2022. Net sales from this customer was approximately 16% of total net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022. We have been serving this customer for more than 10 years. Nearly two-thirds of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022 were from our top ten direct customers, which include certain Group Service Providers and we have been serving these top ten direct customers for an average of more than 10 years. In addition, through our direct and indirect customer relationships, a majority of our annual net sales in our Debit and Credit segment are derived from small- to mid-sized issuers and fintechs. Individually, many of these customers, including independent community banks and credit unions, represent minor amounts of our annual net sales.

We generally enter into master purchase or service agreements that govern the general terms and conditions of our commercial relationships. We then enter into a purchase order or other short-term arrangement that defines the quantities of products to be delivered or services rendered and other terms specific to the order as appropriate. In most cases, our contractual arrangements include neither exclusivity clauses nor commitments from our customers to order any given quantities of products on a medium or long-term basis.

Production and Services

We have a network of high-security facilities that we leverage to fulfill customer orders, with an array of products and services available to our customers. We have designed our facilities and operating processes to target providing exceptional service to all customers, with capabilities to:

As of December 31, 2022, we operated facilities comprising approximately 386,000 square feet in the United States where we focus on Financial Payment Card production, personalization services, card printer provisioning and fulfillment, card packaging and fulfillment services. See Part I, Item 2, Properties in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on the operations of each facility.

We rely on secure ground and secure air freight to deliver finished products to our customers. Due to the high-security nature of the Financial Payment Card products we provide to our customers, certain products must be shipped to these customers via a secure method, such as armored vehicle. With respect to customers for whom we fulfill individual and personalized debit and credit cards, we primarily utilize the U.S. postal service and other express shipping services to deliver these cards directly to individual cardholders. For other customers, we deliver our products via regular ground and air freight.

In addition, we seek to embrace practices and solutions at our facilities designed to limit our impact on the environment, preserve natural resources and create innovative and responsible products. Our key areas of focus in this area include: incorporating environmental sustainability practices as and where feasible in alignment with our business model, values and customer needs; engaging employees; and communicating and promoting our commitment and contribution to more sustainable practices and products.

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Sales and Marketing

We market ourselves as a leader and trusted partner in payments, seeking to meet or exceed the needs of our customers through high quality, flexibility and meaningful, innovative products at value-driven pricing. We strategize and collaborate with our customers to bring them valuable and innovative solutions. We have sales representatives, customer relationships and partners that provide a wide geographic reach across the United States to sell and market our solutions. Our sales representatives offer a complete end-to-end solution that incorporates the full spectrum of our products and services from concept to delivery. Our sales and marketing strategy focuses on strengthening our relationships with existing customers through a consultative approach that includes cross-selling expanded services and sharing expertise to enhance customers’ card programs. We leverage the strength of our full-service offerings to attract new customers. Our marketing efforts focus on the needs of our specific types of customers. By tailoring our marketing strategy to different customer segments, we are able to provide relevant targeted solutions to meet our customers’ individual needs. We use an array of different marketing communications and thought leadership across various industry publications, editorial white papers, case studies, conferences and trade shows, print and digital advertisements, educational webinars, podcasts, and blogs to introduce our existing customers and new customers to innovations in the payments market. We also strive to meet customer demand for new or enhanced products by innovating through research and development activities. We believe these efforts drive customer retention and satisfaction, and attract new customers.

Competition

The market for products and services in the payment card industry is highly competitive. Some of our competitors possess substantially greater financial, sales and marketing resources than we do, and therefore have substantial flexibility in competing with us, including through the use of integrated product offerings, innovation, and competitive pricing. Competitive factors for our business include product quality, durability, security, service reliability, product line comprehensiveness and integration, timely introduction of new products and features, and price.

Our products and services compete with other card solutions providers. Certain existing and potential customers also have the ability to produce and/or personalize Financial Payment Cards in-house. Accordingly, we compete with certain of our customers, including those that offer transaction processing products and services to financial institutions. We believe we are in competition with ABCorp, Arroweye, CompoSecure L.L.C., Entrust, FIS, Fiserv, Giesecke & Devrient GmbH, HID Global, IDEMIA (formerly known as Oberthur Technologies S.A.), Perfect Plastic, Thales (formerly known as Gemalto NV), Travel Tags, and WestRock (Multi Packaging Solutions), among others.

Intellectual Property

We own, control or license various intellectual property rights, such as patents, trade secrets, confidential information, trademarks, service marks, tradenames, copyrights and applications. We are party to certain patent cross-license arrangements with industry participants and may, from time to time, enter into similar commercial agreements should we consider it necessary or beneficial for our business.

We rely on a combination of statutory (copyright, trademark and trade secret) and contractual safeguards to protect our intellectual property throughout the world. As of December 31, 2022, we had 48 U.S. and foreign trademark registrations and applications, 39 existing U.S. patents, 42 existing foreign patents, as well as 45 pending U.S. and foreign patent applications. Our U.S. and foreign patents and applications have an average remaining maturity of approximately 13 years, and our trademarks will be due for renewal for additional ten year periods on an ongoing basis.

Regulation

Privacy and Data Security

In the course of our business, we receive personally identifiable information of cardholders from our customers, either from a financial institution or through a card processor on behalf of a financial institution. Such information can include names, email and physical addresses, card account numbers and expiration dates. As a service provider to financial institutions in the United States, we are subject to certain Federal Trade Commission requirements, certain privacy provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and its implementing regulations, various other federal and state

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privacy statutes and regulations, certain of the PCI Security Standards Council’s requirements, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (“HIPAA”), each of which is subject to change at any time. Outside of the United States, we are subject to privacy laws and regulations of certain countries and jurisdictions. The interpretation and application of privacy and data protection laws are often uncertain and in a state of flux. Furthermore, many of our customers are subject to privacy and data protection laws, and our customers often impose contractual obligations on us related to their obligations. In order to comply with our obligations under applicable privacy laws and regulations and our contractual agreements with our customers, we are required to implement adequate policies and safeguards to protect the privacy of personally identifiable information we receive.

Under the PCI Security Standards Council’s requirements, we must meet certain security standards in order to achieve compliance that allows us to produce and personalize Financial Payment Cards issued on their networks. These standards include extensive requirements with respect to the physical characteristics of our facilities, as well as our electronic treatment and storage of cardholder data. We believe that we have developed significant expertise in achieving and maintaining compliance with the requirements from the Payment Card Brands, and have invested, and will continue to invest, significant capital to achieve and retain compliance, which is regularly verified by both the Payment Card Brands and our customers. We believe the complexity involved and investment needed to obtain and retain these compliance designations may serve as a barrier to new entrants into our market.

The status and interpretation of pending and existing laws and regulations is evolving and these laws and regulations may be applied inconsistently, and the obligations imposed upon us by our customers can vary. It is possible that our current data protection policies and practices may be deemed inconsistent with new legal requirements or interpretations thereof, and breaches in the security of our systems and technology could result in a violation of these laws and regulations and contractual requirements. Changes to these laws and regulations, as well as any associated inquiries or investigations or any other government actions, and additional requirements imposed by our customers may be costly to comply with and may delay or impede the development of new products, result in negative publicity, increase our operating costs, require significant management time and attention, and subject us to remedies that may harm our business, including reputational harm, fines, or demands or orders that we modify or cease existing business practices.

Financial Services

We are generally not directly subject to federal or state regulations specifically applicable to financial institutions such as banks, thrifts and credit unions. However, as a provider of products and services to these financial institutions, our operations may be examined by various state and federal regulatory authorities and representatives of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, which is a formal inter-agency body empowered to prescribe uniform principles, standards and report forms for the federal examination of financial institutions and to make recommendations to promote uniformity in the supervision of financial institutions. Also, state and federal regulations require our financial institution customers to include certain provisions in their contracts with service providers like us and to conduct ongoing monitoring and risk management for third party relationships. In addition, we engage independent auditors annually to review certain of our operations to provide internal control evaluations for our customers’ auditors.

In conducting certain aspects of our card services, we are directly subject to various federal and state laws and regulations and contractual obligations. In order to comply with our obligations under applicable laws, we are required, among other things, to comply with reporting requirements, to implement operating policies and procedures to comply with Office of Foreign Assets Control requirements, to protect the privacy and security of our customers’ information and to undergo periodic audits and examinations.

In 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was enacted. The Dodd-Frank Act introduced substantial reforms to the supervision and operation of the financial services industry, including introducing changes that: affect the oversight and supervision of financial institutions; provide for a new resolution procedure for large financial companies; introduce more stringent regulatory capital requirements; implement changes to corporate governance and executive compensation practices; and require significant rule-making. The Dodd-Frank Act has generated numerous new regulations that have imposed compliance costs. The Dodd-Frank Act established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) which is empowered to conduct rule-making and supervision related to, and enforcement of, federal consumer financial protection laws. The CFPB has issued guidance that applies to “supervised service providers” which the CFPB has defined to include service providers like us as well as CFPB supervised banks and nonbanks. The CFPB has in the past

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and may in the future issue regulations that may require us to make compliance investments. It is difficult to predict with certainty the extent to which the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFPB or the resulting regulations will impact our business or the businesses of our current and potential customers.

Environmental Protection

Our operations are subject to environmental protection regulations, including those governing the emissions of pollutants into the air, wastewater discharges, the use and handling of hazardous substances, waste disposal, and the investigation and remediation of soil and groundwater contamination. We are also required to obtain environmental permits from governmental authorities for certain of our operations.

Human Capital

Our leadership team has significant experience in the payments industry, and many of our employees possess career-long expertise and knowledge that is unique to the Financial Payment Card industry. Our compensation programs are designed to attract and retain individuals with the unique skill sets that are fundamental to our business. We provide our employees with competitive salaries and incentives, access to health insurance and paid time off, in addition to other benefits. As part of our promotion and retention efforts, we also invest in ongoing leadership development and conduct employee surveys to measure employee engagement and identify areas of focus.

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Employee health and safety in the workplace is one of the Company’s core values. Health and safety of our employees has remained paramount and the Company has adapted its health and safety procedures and protocols as necessary to foster a safe working environment. Our office-based employees moved to a primarily remote work environment beginning in March 2020.

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We are committed to a diverse and inclusive workplace, in which we promote honest, ethical and respectful conduct. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics sets the standards for appropriate behavior, and employees are required to follow these standards and participate in related training. We encourage employees to bring forward issues and concerns. In addition, we periodically analyze our employment procedures and pay practices to help ensure individuals are provided with equal employment opportunities and equitable pay. We also focus on a variety of community initiatives to enhance the lives of people in the communities where we operate through volunteerism, charitable giving and economic support.

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As of December 31, 2022, CPI employed approximately 1,375 full-time employees, approximately 55% male and 45% female. Approximately 59% of the employee base identifies as being within a minority category. Approximately 74% of our full-time employees are production and service facility staff. Additionally, we use the services of temporary workers to provide flexibility for our business needs, particularly in our Prepaid Debit Card locations where historically we experienced more seasonality, although this is becoming a less meaningful portion of our workforce. In 2022, we began transitioning positions that were staffed with temporary workers to permanent employee positions, in order to better manage our workforce and operations. None of our employees are represented by labor unions. We believe that our relations with our employees are positive.

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Available Information

CPI Card Group Inc. is a Delaware corporation. We were initially formed as CPI Holdings I, Inc. in June 2007 and changed our name to CPI Card Group Inc. in August 2015. Our principal executive offices are located at 10368 West Centennial Road, Littleton, CO 80127, telephone (720) 681-6304. The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports are available free of charge through the “Investor Relations” portion of the Company's website (www.cpicardgroup.com), as soon as reasonably practical after they are filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Our website and the information contained on that site, or connected to that site, are not incorporated into and are not a part of this report. The SEC also maintains a website (www.sec.gov), which contains reports and information statements, and other information filed electronically with the SEC by the Company.

CPI Card Group Inc. qualifies as a smaller reporting company in accordance with Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, and has elected to follow certain of the scaled back disclosure accommodations within this Annual

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Report on Form 10-K. Beginning with the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company is classified as an accelerated filer with respect to SEC regulations and filing requirements.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

There are many factors that affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, some of which are beyond our control. The following is a description of some important factors that may cause our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in future periods to differ materially from those currently expected or desired. Factors not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. You should carefully consider all of these risks described below, together with the other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, before investing in our securities. As a result of any of these risks, known or unknown, you may lose all or part of your investment in our securities.

Risk Factors Summary

Risks Relating to our Business

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Risks Relating to our Industry

Risks Relating to Ownership of our Common Stock

General Risk Factors

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Risks Relating to our Business

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Risks associated with reduced levels of consumer and business spending, ongoing inflation and the effects of an economic downturn could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business depends heavily on the overall level of consumer and business spending. Our revenue is exposed to general economic conditions that affect consumer confidence, consumer spending, consumer discretionary income or changes in consumer purchasing habits. A sustained deterioration in general economic conditions, particularly in the United States, or increases in interest rates may adversely affect our financial performance by reducing the demand for our Financial Payment Card solutions or reducing the purchase of our higher margin products. If an economic downturn occurs, credit card issuers may reduce credit limits, close accounts and become more selective with respect to whom they issue credit cards. Certain of our customers, especially in the fintech space, could be severely impacted by a downturn in economic conditions limiting their spending on cards, or cease to exist altogether. Additionally, an economic downturn or prolonged outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic could result in extended voluntary or mandated closure of retail locations that sell certain of our products to consumers, including our Prepaid Debit Cards. These and other changes in economic conditions could therefore adversely impact our future revenues and profits and cause a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Inflation, which increased significantly during 2022, has adversely affected us by increasing the costs of materials and labor needed to operate our business and could continue to adversely affect us in future periods. In the event inflation continues to increase, we may seek to increase the sales prices of our products and services in order to maintain satisfactory margins. However, such increases may result in customer pushback or attrition and be difficult or impossible in future periods, all of which may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, actions by the government to stimulate the economy may increase the risk of significant inflation, which may also have an adverse impact on our business or financial results.

A disruption or other failure in our supply chain could adversely affect our business and financial results.

As a company engaged in production and distribution, we are subject to the risks inherent in such activities, including product quality control issues, disruptions or delays in our supply chain as well other external factors over which we have no control. Raw materials used in our products may be sourced from a few, or single, key suppliers. Specifically, certain key components for our Financial Payment Card products include EMV microchips, substrates (such as PVC), resin, modules, antennas and inlays, which we source from multiple suppliers located in Germany, Thailand, South Korea, the United States, Haiti and Singapore, some of which source materials from Taiwan, primarily on a purchase order basis. Though we obtain the microchips used in our Financial Payment Card products from multiple suppliers, we source the substantial majority of such microchips from one supplier. For the year ended December 31, 2022 approximately 97% of our purchased microchips and antennas came from four main suppliers, and approximately 68% came from one supplier, with most of our contactless chips being provided from that same supplier. We may enter into agreements with suppliers from time to time which commit us to purchase products at prices less favorable than those available in the market at the time of the order, or in quantities greater than our future needs. If such supplier is unable to fulfill our orders for microchips or is delayed in shipping microchips to us, we could fail to timely fulfill customer orders, which could damage our reputation and result in a loss of customers and customer opportunities and material harm to our financial results.

Additionally, our Second Wave cards, featuring a core made with recovered ocean-bound plastic (“ROBP”) rely on a largely international supply chain to source and provide such plastic in accordance with our defined parameters. It is difficult and costly to monitor suppliers of key components and their compliance with our parameters, our codes of conduct, and applicable laws. Any failure by our suppliers to so comply could adversely affect our ability to produce Financial Payment Cards at all or in a manner consistent with standards agreed upon with our customers, which could adversely affect our business, reputation and customer relationships. Moreover, in certain cases, such as with ROBP, microchip and resin suppliers, we may rely on suppliers for which there are not adequate and immediate replacements, which may result in our inability to continue to produce or a reduction in production of products that use components from these suppliers in the event the suppliers terminate their relationships with us, fail to deliver products or materials in required volumes or in required timeframes, or otherwise fail to meet their obligations to us. We generally do not

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maintain large volumes of inventory, which makes us even more susceptible to harm if a supplier fails to deliver products or materials as required.

Changes in the financial or business condition of our suppliers, political instability, social or civil unrest, war or adverse market conditions in a supplier’s country (including relating to any continued outbreak of COVID-19), demand from other customers of such suppliers or failure to comply with our codes of conduct or other contractual requirements could render our suppliers unable to provide us with, or render us unable or unwilling to accept, the components we need to produce our products and thus subject us to losses or adversely affect our ability to bring products to market. Further, the failure of our suppliers to deliver goods and services in sufficient quantities, in compliance with applicable standards, contract requirements, or laws and regulations, and in a timely manner could adversely affect our customer service levels, our reputation and our overall business. For example, we have in the past experienced delays in our supply chain, which made it difficult to produce our products in a timely manner. In addition, any increases in the costs of goods and services for our business, including as a result of inflationary pressures, may adversely affect our profit margins if we are unable to pass along any higher costs in the form of price increases or otherwise achieve cost efficiencies in our operations. If a company in our supply chain engages in illegal, unethical or other questionable conduct, we may not have visibility to these practices, we may in certain circumstances be deemed to have concurrent responsibility with our supplier for such conduct, and we, and our customers, may face legal or reputational harm in addition to interruptions to our supply chain.

Failure to retain our existing customers or identify and attract new customers would have a material adverse effect on our business.

A substantial portion of our net sales is derived from several large customers. The Company had one customer that accounted for 10% or more of its net sales in 2022. Net sales from this customer was approximately 16% of total net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022. We have been serving this customer for more than 10 years. In addition, nearly two-thirds of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022 were from our top ten direct customers, which include certain Group Service Providers. We have been serving these top ten direct customers for an average of more than 10 years. If one or more of our key customer relationships ends, it could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. Our ability to provide products and services to these customers and our other customers and meet very high quality standards in a timely manner is critical to our business success. For example, one of the key services that we offer our customers is the prompt and timely production and delivery of replacement debit or credit cards. Orders for replacement debit or credit cards often are placed on short notice and may require personalization. If we are unable to offer these and our other products and services in a high quality and timely manner, our relationships with our customers may be adversely affected and customers may terminate their contracts with us.

In addition, our continued business relationship with our customers may be impacted by several factors beyond our control, including changes of inventory management practices by our customers, more attractive product offerings from our competitors, pricing and inflationary pressures, Group Service Providers’ and program managers’ ability to retain existing or gain new customers, the financial health of our customers and macroeconomic conditions affecting the Financial Payment Card industry or our financial institution and other customers. Our business practices may also be subject to periodic audits by customers as part of that customer’s third-party risk management programs, the outcome of which may result in the loss of that customer or may cause us to incur significant costs in order to satisfy the customer’s requirements. Because our contractual arrangements with customers generally do not include exclusivity clauses or commitments to order specified quantities of products on a medium or long-term basis, there is no guarantee that we will receive orders on a consistent basis or on favorable terms, or be able to renew contracts or purchase orders in a given year on favorable terms or at all. Additionally, as a result of labor shortages and supply-chain constraints, the Company has experienced extended production lead times in some areas of the business and difficulty meeting some customers’ delivery expectations. While we continue to proactively monitor, assess and take steps to minimize disruptions and delays in production, these disruptions and delays have caused, and may continue to cause, the Company to lose or delay customer opportunities.

If we experience difficulty attracting and retaining customers, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.

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Our operating results are unpredictable and may vary significantly from quarter to quarter and annually, and may differ significantly from our expectations.

Our operating results are affected by a wide variety of factors that could materially and adversely affect revenue and profitability or lead to significant variability in our operating results. These factors include, among others, the varying cyclicality of the financial card and electronic payment industries, labor and supply challenges, capital requirements, Payment Card Brands standards and requirements, competition, new product developments, technological changes and other factors. 

Furthermore, in periods of industry overcapacity or when our customers encounter difficulties in their end-markets, orders are more exposed to cancellations, reductions, price renegotiations or postponements, or changes in customer inventory management practices which in turn reduce our management’s ability to forecast the next quarter or full-year production levels, net sales, profits and cash flows. For these reasons, our net sales and operating results and cash flows may differ materially from our expectations as visibility is reduced. This may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are considered an accelerated filer and are required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and our inability to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future could result in investors losing confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and negatively affect the market price of our common stock.

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As a public company, we are required to maintain internal control over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls. Because we became and continue to be an accelerated filer since the year ended December 31, 2021, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) requires our independent registered public accounting firm to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our transition to becoming subject to additional requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has been and will continue to be time-consuming. Further, the costs associated with compliance with and implementation of procedures under these and future laws and related rules could have a material impact on our results of operations.

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Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on that assessment, we identified several material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting during 2021 and have concluded those material weaknesses to be remediated as of December 31, 2022, as described in Part II, Item 9A, Controls and Procedures in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, we can give no assurance that additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls will not be identified in the future. If any such control deficiencies occur in the future, we may not detect errors on a timely basis, our financial statements may be materially misstated, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and we may be unable to timely produce our financial reports. Any of the foregoing could negatively affect the market price of our common stock, perhaps significantly. In addition, we could become subject to investigations by any stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities, or litigation or disputes with stockholders, which could require additional financial and management resources and result in more costly directors’ and officers’ insurance, which could have an adverse impact on our business.

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The failure to effectively recruit, retain and develop qualified personnel and implement effective succession processes could adversely affect our success and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Our business functions are complex and require wide-ranging expertise and intellectual capital. If we fail to recruit, retain and develop personnel who can provide the needed expertise across the entire spectrum of our expertise and intellectual capital needs, then the ability of our business to successfully compete and grow may be adversely affected. The market for qualified personnel is highly competitive and we have experienced labor availability issues in several of our facilities. This shortage of labor has resulted, and may continue to result, in increased compensation and recruiting expenses which could have a material adverse effect on our profitability, particularly if we are unable to pass all of such expenses on to our customers or are limited in our ability to find suitable workers. In addition, the loss of key personnel without adequate succession plans in place may cause a failure to maintain continuity in key business functions. We may not succeed in recruiting sufficient personnel to support our production needs, may fail to effectively replace current personnel who depart with qualified or effective successors, or may not succeed in transitioning from

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temporary to permanent labor at certain facilities. Personnel shortages have resulted, and may continue to result, in extended production lead times and difficulty in meeting customers’ delivery expectations, which could result in the loss of customers and damage to our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and responses thereto may, or may continue to, adversely affect our supply chain, workforce, overall operations and financial condition, each of which may have a material adverse effect on our business.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant economic disruption and adversely impacted the global economy. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, delays in the supply of, and increased costs of, materials necessary to operate our business, and challenges hiring and retaining workers as well as increased labor costs. Federal, state and local government measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the institution of orders, restrictions and guidelines relating to the operation of our facilities, travel bans and restrictions, quarantines and shutdowns, have impacted and may continue to impact our workforce, sales and marketing efforts, and our operations and have caused and may continue to cause us to incur significant costs and have a negative impact on our sales and results of operations. For example, our sales and customer relationship personnel have been and may in the future be unable to engage in in-person meetings and interaction with our customers. Although certain restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have eased, uncertainty continues to exist regarding the duration of such measures and potential future measures. Current material and component shortages, logistics constraints and labor inefficiencies have led to and may continue to lead to increased costs and challenges meeting customer demand, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and/or financial condition.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has also significantly increased economic and customer demand uncertainty and has caused inflationary pressure in the U.S. and elsewhere as well as supply-chain disruptions. Economic uncertainties could continue to adversely affect the financial condition and credit risk of our customers as well as customer demand for the Company’s products and services, particularly if credit card issuers reduce credit limits, close accounts and become more selective in determining to whom they issue credit cards as a result thereof. A prolonged economic contraction or recession may also result in our customers seeking to reduce their costs and expenditures, which could result in lower demand for our products or a shift to demand for lower margin products. If our sales decline, or if such lost sales are not recoverable in the future, our business and results of operations will be significantly adversely affected.

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Continued uncertainties related to the magnitude, duration and persistent effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may adversely affect our business. These uncertainties include, among other things: the duration and impact of the resurgence in COVID-19 cases in any country, state, or region; the emergence, contagiousness, and threat of new and different strains of the virus; the availability, acceptance, and effectiveness of vaccines; prolonged reduction or closure of the Company’s operations; disruptions in the global supply chain; increased labor cost and turnover in our facilities as well as challenges hiring production employees; the impact of the pandemic on the Company’s customers and suppliers; the impact of disruptions in the global capital markets and/or declines in our financial performance, which could impact the Company’s ability to obtain financing in the future; and the impact of the pandemic on customer demand for our products and services as discussed above. All of these factors could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and/or financial condition.

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The global outbreak of COVID-19 continues to evolve. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 outbreak remains uncertain and subject to change, and we cannot predict its future impacts on our business or the economy as a whole. However, these effects may harm our business, financial condition and results of operations in the near term and could have a continuing material impact on our operations, sales, and liquidity.

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System security risks, data protection breaches, and cyber-attacks could compromise our proprietary information, impair customer and vendor relationships, disrupt our internal operations, harm perception of our products and expose us to litigation and/or regulatory penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and our reputation.

The reliability and security of our IT infrastructure and our ability to protect sensitive and confidential information for our customers, which include many financial institutions, is critical to our business. We have been and may continue to be a target of cyber-attacks or cyber intrusions via the Internet, computer viruses, break-ins, malware,

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phishing attacks, ransomware attacks, hacking, denial-of-service attacks or other attacks and similar disruptions from unauthorized use of or access to computer systems (including from internal and external sources). A breach of our security defenses could result in a loss of our intellectual property, the release of sensitive cardholder information and customer, consumer or employee personal data, or the loss of production capabilities at one or more of our production facilities. In recent years these types of incidents have become more prevalent and pervasive across industries, including in our industry.

In addition, our encryption systems are at risk of being breached or decoded. We use encryption technology to protect sensitive data while in transit and at rest. Also, smart cards are equipped with keys that encrypt and decode messages in order to secure transactions and maintain the confidentiality of data. The security afforded by this technology depends on the integrity of the encryption keys and the complexity of the algorithms used to encrypt and decode information. Any significant advances in technology that enable the breach of cryptographic systems, malicious software infiltration or that allow for the exploitation of weaknesses in such systems could result in a decline in the security we are able to provide through this technology. Any material breach of our secured systems could harm our competitive position, result in a loss of customer trust and confidence, and cause us to incur significant costs to remedy the damages caused by system or network disruptions, whether caused by cyber-attacks, security breaches, internal control failures, or otherwise, which could ultimately have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The protective measures we have implemented to protect against data and security breaches and cyber-attacks may not prevent system or network disruptions and may be insufficient to prevent or limit the damage from any future security breaches. Our activities and investment in protective measures may not be deployed sufficiently quickly or successfully in order to protect our system or network against disruptions and may not prevent or limit the damage from any future security breaches. In addition, as these threats continue to evolve, we may be required to invest significant additional resources to modify and enhance our information security and controls or to investigate and remediate any security vulnerabilities.

Interruptions in our operations, particularly in our IT systems, could have a material adverse effect on our business and reputation.

Our business is dependent upon our ability to execute, in an efficient and uninterrupted fashion, necessary business functions, including the operation of complex IT systems and production equipment. In addition, a significant portion of the communication between our employees, customers, and suppliers depends on our IT systems. The reliability of our IT infrastructure and software, and our ability to expand and continually update technologies in response to our changing needs, are critical to our business. 

In order to serve our customers and operate certain aspects of our business, we depend on data centers and computing infrastructure that is both our own as well as provided by third party vendors. To the extent applications and data used in our business are hosted by third party vendors at their facilities, we do not control the operation of such facilities or in some cases the hardware and infrastructure within them. Any disruption of, interference at, or inability to keep up with our needs for capacity by our third-party data centers or hosted infrastructure partners could interrupt our business operations. In addition, any problems faced by our third-party data center operations or hosted infrastructure partners with the telecommunications network providers with whom we or they contract, or with the systems by which our telecommunications providers allocate capacity among their customers, including us, could adversely affect the experience of our customers. Our ability to service our customers also largely depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our own computer information systems and complex production equipment, much of which relies on computer operating systems, residing at our leased facilities. The proper functioning of such systems can be adversely affected by the increasing age and usage of such systems, among other things. Any interruption in our business applications, systems or networks, including, but not limited to, new system implementations, server downtime, failure to upgrade or patch software, facility issues, natural disasters or energy blackouts, could have a material adverse impact on our operations, sales and operating results. Additionally, we have a limited number of employees with the expertise required to operate such internal applications, systems and networks as well as remediate them in the event of a failure, and thus the attrition of such employees could result in our inability to quickly and effectively resolve future IT issues that may arise.

Not only could we suffer damage to our brand and reputation in the event of a system outage or data loss or interruption, but we may also be liable to third parties, including our customers. Some of our contractual agreements

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require the payment of penalties if our systems do not meet certain operating standards, and failure to operate in accordance with the standards of one or more of the Payment Card Brands could result in a loss of compliance of our facilities, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

In addition, to successfully operate our business, we must be able to protect our processing and other systems from interruption, including from events that may be beyond our control. Protective measures we have established for continuation of core business operations in the event of a catastrophic event may be insufficient to prevent or limit the damage from any future disruptions, and any such disruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our future success depends upon our ability to develop, introduce and commercialize new products, which can be a lengthy and complex process. We may be unable to commercialize new or improved products we may develop on a timely basis or at all.

The development of new or enhanced products is a complex and uncertain process requiring the accurate anticipation of technological, market and industry trends, as well as precise technical execution, all of which could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand for new or enhanced products. The successful development of new products may require us to undertake time-consuming and costly research and development activities, and we may experience difficulties or challenging market conditions that could delay or prevent the successful development, commercialization and marketing of these new products, including, for example, limited or delayed market acceptance of dual-interface EMV technology or eco-focused card solutions in the United States. Before we can commercialize any new products, we may need to expend significant funds in order to conduct substantial research and development. Additionally, we have limited research and development resources as compared to many of our competitors, which may result in an immature product development process and lengthy product roll-outs. If we have difficulty producing innovative products, there could be a material adverse effect on our revenue, results of operations, reputation and business. New or enhanced product offerings may also expose us to additional risks, such as new sources of supplies, increased regulation or reputational harm.

As we develop products, we may need to make significant investments in product development and new technology, as well as sales and marketing resources. Furthermore, if we are unable to develop and introduce new and innovative products in a cost-effective and timely manner, our product and service offerings could be rendered obsolete. In addition, competitors may be able to develop and commercialize competing products more quickly and efficiently. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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The covenants and restrictions contained in agreements governing our indebtedness may adversely affect our business and results of operations, may restrict our ability to grow and could make it difficult or impossible to timely make our debt service payments or refinance our debt when it comes due.

We maintain a substantial amount of debt, and we may incur additional debt in the future to help fund our business. The agreements governing our indebtedness do not fully prohibit us or our subsidiaries from incurring additional indebtedness in the future, and to the extent that we incur additional indebtedness, the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness described below, including our possible inability to service our debt, may increase. Our substantial indebtedness and interest expense could have important consequences to us, including:

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Additionally, the terms of the agreements governing our indebtedness restrict, and any additional indebtedness we may incur in the future could similarly restrict, our ability to operate our business and to pursue our business strategies. Among other things, these agreements restrict our ability to:

Interruptions in our operations, particularly in our IT systems, could have a material adverse effect on our business and reputation.

Our business is dependent upon our ability to execute, in an efficient and uninterrupted fashion, necessary business functions, including the operation of complex IT systems and production equipment. In addition, a significant portion of the communication between our employees, customers, and suppliers depends on our IT systems. The reliability of our IT infrastructure and software, and our ability to expand and continually update technologies in response to our changing needs, are critical to our business. 

In order to serve our customers and operate certain aspects of our business, we depend on data centers and computing infrastructure that is both our own as well as provided by third party vendors. To the extent applications and data used in our business are hosted by third party vendors at their facilities, we do not control the operation of such facilities or in some cases the hardware and infrastructure within them. Any disruption of, interference at, or inability to keep up with our needs for capacity by our third-party data centers or hosted infrastructure partners could interrupt our business operations. In addition, any problems faced by our third-party data center operations or hosted infrastructure partners with the telecommunications network providers with whom we or they contract, or with the systems by which our telecommunications providers allocate capacity among their customers, including us, could adversely affect the experience of our customers. Our ability to service our customers also largely depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our own computer information systems and complex production equipment, much of which relies on computer operating systems, residing at our leased facilities. The proper functioning of such systems can be adversely affected by the increasing age and usage of such systems, among other things. Any interruption in our business applications, systems or networks, including, but not limited to, new system implementations, server downtime, failure to upgrade or patch software, facility issues, natural disasters or energy blackouts, could have a material adverse impact on our operations, sales and operating results. Additionally, we have a limited number of employees with the expertise required to operate such internal applications, systems and networks as well as remediate them in the event of a failure, and thus the attrition of such employees could result in our inability to quickly and effectively resolve future IT issues that may arise.

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Not only could we suffer damage to our brand and reputation in the event of a system outage or data loss or interruption, but we may also be liable to third parties, including our customers. Some of our contractual agreements require the payment of penalties if our systems do not meet certain operating standards, and failure to operate in accordance with the standards of one or more of the Payment Card Brands could result in a loss of compliance of our facilities, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

In addition, to successfully operate our business, we must be able to protect our processing and other systems from interruption, including from events that may be beyond our control. Protective measures we have established for continuation of core business operations in the event of a catastrophic event may be insufficient to prevent or limit the damage from any future disruptions, and any such disruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Disruptions in production at one or more of our facilities may have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and/or financial condition.

Any serious disruption at any of our facilities, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, severe weather conditions, climate change, natural disasters, hostilities, political instability, social unrest, network outages or terrorist activities, could impair our ability to use our facilities and have a material adverse impact on our revenues and increase our costs and expenses. In the event of a disruption in production at one of our facilities, our other facilities may not have sufficient capacity, may not have the specialized equipment necessary, may have higher production costs, may take significant time to increase production or may fail to meet our customers’ requirements, any of which could negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial condition. Production disruptions may cause our customers to seek alternative supply, which could further adversely affect our profitability.

A significant amount of certain specialized production capacity is also concentrated in single-site locations. Due to the specialized nature of the assets used in the production process at each location, in the event a particular facility experiences disruption, it may not be possible to find replacement capacity quickly or substitute production from our other facilities. Accordingly, disruption at a single-site production operation could significantly impact our ability to supply our customers and could have a severe impact on us.

Additionally, all of our production facilities are currently leased, and we are subject to risks associated with our current and future real estate leases for such facilities. As each lease expires, we may fail to negotiate renewals, either on commercially acceptable terms or at all, we may be unable to find replacement locations with adequate capacity for our unique equipment and both current and future operational needs, and we may experience disruption or significant cost in relocating, any of which could have an adverse effect on our operations, customer relationships and financial performance.

Our business could suffer from problems in production quality, materials and process, which could reduce, delay or interrupt production of our products, resulting in adverse impacts to our business and financial results.

We produce our products using processes that are highly complex, require complex and costly equipment and must continually be modified to improve yields and performance. Difficulties in the production process can reduce product yields, reduce product quality or interrupt production altogether. We may not have adequate replacements for failing or malfunctioning machinery available in a timely fashion. Additionally, we have experienced malfunctions and errors, including human error, relating to the operation of certain machinery and systems used in our production process that, in some instances, have resulted in the delivery to our customers of products that did not meet their standards or specifications or whose functionality in the marketplace was adversely impacted. Such problems may result in our inability to properly fulfill customer orders and/or our obligation or election to replace products at our cost and expense, provide credit to or reimburse customers for related damages. We may also be subject to claims relating to such issues. The occurrence of any of these risks could damage our reputation and result in the loss of business, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

As the complexity of both our products and our technological processes has become more advanced, production tolerances have been reduced and requirements for precision have become more demanding. If we do not advance our production processes at the market rate, we may experience a lower production quality than the market standard. We may suffer disruptions in our production, either due to production difficulties, such as machinery or technology failures, human or other errors, or as a result of external factors beyond our control, such as delay of, or quality issues with,

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materials provided by suppliers, interruption of our electrical service or a natural disaster. We may also risk non-compliance with certain industry standards if we experience failure of certain required operations or processes, such as those related to facility security, which may impede our ability to deliver products to our customers. Any such event could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Expectations of stakeholders relating to environmental, social and governance matters may impose additional costs and expose us to new risks as well as have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

There is an increasing focus from certain investors, regulators, customers and other stakeholders concerning corporate responsibility, specifically related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters. Some investors may use these factors to guide their investment strategies and, in some cases, may choose not to invest in the Company if they believe our practices relating to ESG are inadequate, which may hinder the Company’s access to capital. In addition, investment in funds that specialize in companies that perform well in such assessments are increasingly popular, and major institutional investors have publicly emphasized the importance of such ESG measures to their investment decisions. In addition to the topics typically considered in such assessments, for businesses in the card production industry, issues of emissions and plastic waste are of particular importance. For example, increased attention to conservation measures and negative consumer attitudes about plastic products or other components in our products could have an adverse impact on demand for our products, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations.

There have also been changing consumer concerns and perceptions (whether accurate or inaccurate) regarding the potentially adverse environmental effects of substances present in certain consumer products, including substances and components the Company uses in its products, including PVC plastic. Potential consumer concerns may also extend to the sourcing of certain materials and labor and other conditions in those locations. We may be unable to produce or procure our products in conformity with these preferences and concerns, or doing so may require significant research and development costs as well as increased costs associated with procuring alternative raw materials and components. We also may need to make changes to our operations that could require additional capital expenditures. This would adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Furthermore, customer, investor and consumer expectations in ESG areas have been varied, rapidly evolving and increasing. Specifically, certain customers are beginning to request that the Company provide information on its plans relating to certain environmental related matters such as greenhouse gas emissions, waste sent to landfills and energy usage. The enhanced stakeholder focus on ESG issues requires the continuous monitoring of various and evolving standards, which is time consuming and costly. In addition, in the event that we communicate certain initiatives or goals regarding ESG matters, we could fail, or be perceived to fail, in our achievement of such initiatives or goals, or we could be criticized for the scope of such initiatives or goals. A failure to adequately meet these various stakeholder expectations and standards may result in reputational damage, the loss of business, diluted market valuation, an inability to attract customers or an inability to attract and retain top talent.

Additionally, the potential for future ESG and climate risk reporting requirements may result in additional costs to monitor, track and report sustainability measures. We have implemented or are considering implementing ESG strategies, including efforts to offer more eco-focused solutions to our customers. Our customers may request that changes be made to our products or operations, as well as other aspects of our production processes. These strategies and customer requests could increase our operating costs and may require the investment of capital. The failure to implement ESG strategies, meet our ESG goals or evolving stakeholder expectations or standards or comply with any new ESG related regulations could adversely affect our reputation and our relationships with customers, which in turn could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Climate change may adversely affect our operations and financial performance.

There is continuing concern from members of the scientific community and the general public that emissions of greenhouse gases (“GHG”) and other human activities have caused or will cause significant changes in weather patterns and increase the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, including, without limitation, droughts, wildfires, hurricanes and flooding. Extreme weather events have and may continue to adversely affect us because of their impact on the availability and cost of raw materials and components we need to produce our products and that we source from locations in the United States and internationally that have experienced and may continue to experience such events. In

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addition, extreme weather events could have an adverse impact on, among other things, our customers’ demand for our products and services due to impacts of such events on them as well as decreased consumer demand and spending power as a result of such events, and also on our insurance premiums, operating costs and ability to timely fulfill customer orders in the event of damage or disruption to one of our facilities resulting from such an event.

We may be unable to adequately protect our trade secrets and intellectual property rights against misappropriation or infringement, which may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to protect our intellectual property is important to our business. We depend on patents and other intellectual property rights to protect our products, proprietary designs and technological processes against misappropriation by others. Our existing or future patents may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Our patents have been and may in the future be challenged as invalid. Furthermore, we may have difficulty obtaining additional patents and other intellectual property protections in the future. The patents and intellectual property rights that we receive may be insufficient to provide us with meaningful protection or commercial advantage. Moreover, effective patent, trademark, service mark, copyright and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which we provide services or sell or license products. 

Our efforts to prevent the misappropriation or infringement of our intellectual property or the intellectual property of our customers may not succeed. We actively seek to protect our proprietary rights and trade secrets by engaging in litigation and by entering into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, and strategic partners and controlling access to and distribution of our technologies, documentation and other proprietary information. Nevertheless, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or technologies or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary and may use such information to interfere with our business. Enforcing our intellectual property rights has in the past, and may in the future, cause us to incur significant costs. These costs and other consequences from the unauthorized use of our intellectual property could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Companies in our industry aggressively protect their intellectual property rights. Our products often contain technology provided to us by other parties such as suppliers or customers, and we compete in an industry that is highly active in generating intellectual property. We may have little or no ability to determine in advance whether such technology infringes the intellectual property rights of a third party. From time to time, we receive notices or are named in litigation that claim we have infringed upon, misappropriated or misused other parties’ proprietary rights or that challenge the validity of our patents. In addition to the costs and distraction that result from intellectual property litigation and infringement claims, an adverse outcome in these types of disputes could prevent us from offering some of our products and services or from enforcing our intellectual property rights. Settlements can involve royalty or other payments that could reduce our profit margins and may have a material adverse effect on our financial results. Our suppliers, customers and licensors may not be required to fully indemnify us for the costs of defending against infringement claims. In addition, we may be required to indemnify some customers and strategic partners related to allegations, regardless of merit, that our products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others. 

We also face risks related to open source software. Certain of our software is derived from open source software, which is generally made available to the public by its authors and/or other third parties. Open source software is often made available under licenses, which impose certain obligations in the event we distribute derivative works of the open source software. These obligations may require us to make source code for the derivative works available to the public and/or license such derivative works on terms different from those customarily used to protect our intellectual property and we may incur additional costs to the extent we use open source software that is subject to licensing. With respect to our proprietary software, we generally license such software under terms that prohibit combining it with open source software. Despite these restrictions, parties may combine our proprietary software with open source software without our authorization, in which case we might nonetheless be required to release the source code of our proprietary software. Usage of open source software can lead to greater risks than the use of third party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide warranties, controls on the origin or development of the software or remedies against the licensors. Many of the risks associated with open source software cannot be eliminated and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We may experience software defects, which could harm our business and reputation and expose us to potential liability.

Our services are based on sophisticated software and computing systems, and the software underlying our services may contain undetected errors or defects when first introduced or when new versions are released. In addition, we may experience difficulties in installing or integrating our technology on systems used by our customers. Defects in our software, errors or delays in the processing of electronic transactions or other difficulties could result in the interruption of business operations, delays in market acceptance, additional development and remediation costs, diversion of technical and other resources, loss of customers, negative publicity or exposure to liability claims.

Our ability to raise capital in the future may be limited, which could lead to delays in innovation and abandonment of our strategic initiatives.

In the future, we may need to raise additional funds through the issuance of new equity securities, debt or a combination of both. The terms of our outstanding indebtedness, low trading volume and the fluctuating trading price of our common stock may adversely affect our ability to access capital markets and any such financing may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to fund our capital requirements. We may be unable to access capital due to unfavorable market conditions or other market factors outside of our control, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional capital when needed. Any failure to achieve adequate funding will delay our products and services innovation and development and could lead to abandonment of one or more of our strategic initiatives. Any of these events could materially harm our business, financial condition and prospects.

We may become subject to additional tax collection obligations, claims for uncollected amounts, and assessments from unclaimed property audits, new U.S. tax legislation could expose us to additional liabilities and our income tax positions or unclaimed property practices may be challenged by relevant authorities, all of which could adversely affect our cash flows and financial results.

Several states have adopted legislation requiring out-of-state sellers to collect and remit sales tax on sales transactions into those states where they have no physical presence. States seeking to expand applicability of sales tax “nexus” laws could result in additional tax expenses in the event we are unable to pass these expenses along to our customers and additional administrative burden to collect and remit sales tax in such jurisdictions.

In addition, we are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. Our tax receivables may not be realized, and our tax expense and the tax positions included in our financial statements, which are subject to estimates, could be impacted by changes in rules or interpretations of existing tax laws and changes in U.S. federal and state tax legislation and tax rates. New legislation may be enacted which could increase income tax rates in jurisdictions where we operate or have nexus and materially impact our tax provision, cash tax liability and effective tax rate. Additionally, our income tax positions may be challenged by relevant tax authorities and we may not be successful in defending against any such challenge, which may adversely affect our future cash flows and financial results.

We are also subject to unclaimed property (escheat) laws in various states which require us to turn over to certain government authorities the property of others held by us that has been unclaimed for a specified period of time. We are subject to audit by individual U.S. states with regard to our escheatment practices. Such audits may cause us to incur significant costs related to outside professional fees and divert management’s time away from business operations. Additionally, we may be subject to assessments, penalties or fines that could adversely affect our financial results. The legislation and regulations related to tax and unclaimed property matters tend to be complex and subject to varying interpretations by both government authorities and taxpayers.

We may not be able to sell, exit or reconfigure businesses or facilities that we determine no longer meet with our strategy or that should be consolidated, and we may not be able to execute on an acquisition strategy or integrate acquisitions successfully.

In executing our strategy, we have consolidated certain of our facilities and divested certain of our businesses. We will continue to evaluate such opportunities. Any such consolidation or divestiture could adversely affect our continuing business and expenses, revenues, results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

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We may not be able to sell non-strategic businesses on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all. In addition, if the sale of any non-strategic business cannot be consummated or is not practical, alternative courses of action, including relocation of operations or closure, may not be available to us or may be more costly than anticipated.

We intend to continue to seek additional acquisition opportunities to potentially expand into new markets and to enhance our position in existing markets. We cannot assure we will be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition opportunities, prevail against competing potential acquirers, negotiate appropriate acquisition terms, obtain financing that may be needed to consummate such acquisitions, complete proposed acquisitions, successfully integrate acquired businesses into our existing operations or expand into new markets. In addition, any acquisition, once successfully integrated, may not perform as planned, be accretive to earnings, or prove to be beneficial to our operations and cash flow.

Our long-lived assets represent a significant portion of our total assets, and we may never realize their full value.

Our long-lived assets recorded as of December 31, 2022 include $57.2 million of plant, equipment, leasehold improvements and operating lease right-of-use assets, $18.0 million of net intangible assets, and $47.2 million of goodwill.

We perform goodwill impairment testing on an annual basis as of October 1 of each year. Other long-lived assets, such as identifiable intangible assets and plant, equipment and leasehold improvements are reviewed for impairment whenever events, changes or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If we were to conclude that a future write-down of our long-lived assets is necessary, we would have to record the appropriate charge, which could result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations. A write-down of our long-lived assets may result from, among other things, deterioration in our performance and a decline in expected future cash flows and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Costs relating to product defects, and any related product liability and warranty claims may materially adversely affect our business.

We offer highly complex services and products and, accordingly, from time to time, defects have occurred. Such defects can give rise to significant costs, including expenses relating to recalling products, replacing defective items, writing down defective inventory, the loss of potential sales and claims by third parties. In addition, the occurrence of such defects may give rise to product liability and warranty claims, including liability for damages caused by such defects. If we sell defective products into the market, our reputation could suffer, and we may lose sales opportunities and incur liability for damages, including damages claims from customers in excess of the amounts they pay us for our products, including consequential damages. In addition, our customers may recall their products if they prove to be defective or make compensatory payments in accordance with industry or business practice or in order to maintain good customer relationships. If such a recall or payment is caused by a defect in one of our products, our customers may seek to recover all or a portion of their losses from us. If any of these risks materialize, our reputation would be harmed and there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on licensing arrangements in production and other fields, and actions taken by any of our licensing partners could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Many of our products integrate third-party technologies that we license or otherwise obtain the right to use, including software relating to smart card operating systems used in products such as EMV cards. As part of our strategy, we have entered into licensing agreements with other leading industry participants that provide us with, among other benefits, access to technology owned by third parties. For example, we license card technology for use in certain of our products, including in EMV cards. This card technology provides a secure environment for applications on smart cards and other devices with limited memory and processing capabilities, and we rely on our commercial arrangements with the licensors of such technology for the continued use of these platforms. These licensors may not continue to renew their licenses with us on similar terms or at all, which could negatively impact our net sales. We have also entered into cross-licensing agreements with certain of our competitors that provide for an exchange of intellectual property, including the sharing of certain patent rights in our respective portfolios. We also may seek to enter into additional cross-licensing arrangements with certain competitors as we pursue additional growth initiatives. If we are unable to enter into

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new cross-licensing agreements or continue to successfully renew existing cross-licensing agreements, we may lose our access to certain technologies that we rely upon to develop certain of our products and or be forced to cease or delay certain growth initiatives, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Risks Relating to our Industry

We face competition that may result in a loss of our market share and/or a decline in our profitability.

Our marketplace is highly competitive, relatively saturated and increasingly consolidated. We expect these market dynamics to continue for new product innovations, and as competitors develop lower-cost production processes, competitors consolidate and other competitors attempt to enter the markets in which we operate. 

Some of our competitors have larger global customer bases and significantly greater financial, sales and marketing, production, distribution, technical and other capabilities than we do. These competitors may be able to adapt more quickly to new technological requirements and changes in customer and/or regulatory requirements to leverage their scale to lower production costs and prices, and utilize their global footprint to win certain customers with card needs in multiple markets and by producing cards in lower cost geographies. In addition, some competitors are non-public companies, and are therefore not subject to the public company requirements and related expenses that we are. We also face competition from newly established competitors, suppliers of products and customers who choose to develop their own products and services.

Existing or new competitors may develop products, technologies or services that more effectively address our markets with enhanced features and functionality, greater levels of integration and/or lower cost. As the technological sophistication of our competitors and the size of the market increases, competing low-cost producers could emerge and grow stronger. These dynamics could result in declining average selling prices and reduced gross margins in our businesses. If we cannot sufficiently reduce our production costs or develop new products, technologies or services, we may not be able to compete successfully, and we may lose market share, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Delays or interruptions in our ability to source raw materials and components used in our products from foreign countries, as well as trade restrictions on goods imported into the United States, could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Most of our microchips, as well as certain other raw materials used in our products, are imported from suppliers located outside of the United States, including some with operations in China, Taiwan, Thailand or Haiti. We have experienced and may continue to experience delays and interruptions in our ability to obtain materials imported into the United States due to global economic downturns and trade disruptions, including related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We may also experience such delays and interruptions in our supply chain due to political instability, civil unrest or war in countries from which we directly or indirectly source raw materials and components used in our products. Additionally, the U.S. government has imposed tariffs on imports from certain countries, including countries in which our suppliers are located, and may impose further tariffs and/or trade restrictions. The future status of certain existing international trade agreements to which the United States is party is also uncertain, and such trade agreements could be terminated or replaced. Any of these factors could depress economic activity, restrict our access to suppliers and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Existing tariffs are also subject to a number of uncertainties as they are implemented, including future adjustments and changes to the products covered by additional tariffs and to the countries included or excluded from such tariffs. Changes in U.S. trade policy have resulted in one or more foreign governments, including China, adopting responsive trade policies that make it more difficult or costly for us to import our products, or to purchase products which include components, from those countries. Additional trade restrictions may lead to increased prices to our customers, which may reduce demand, or, if we are unable to achieve increased prices, result in lowering our margin on products sold and adversely affecting on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We cannot predict the extent to which the U.S. or other countries will impose quotas, duties, tariffs, taxes or other similar restrictions on the import or export of goods in the future, nor can we predict future trade policy or the terms of any renegotiated trade agreements and their impact on our business. The adoption and expansion of trade restrictions, the occurrence of a trade war, or other governmental action related to tariffs or trade agreements or policies

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has the potential to adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, our customers, our suppliers, and the U.S. economy, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The ongoing military action by Russia in Ukraine has impacted and may continue to have adverse effects on the global economy, and such effects could materially adversely affect our business, operations, operating results and financial condition.

In early 2022, Russian forces launched significant military action against Ukraine, and the region has since experienced sustained conflict and disruption, which may continue in 2023 and beyond. Governments in the United States, United Kingdom and European Union have each imposed export controls on certain products and financial and economic sanctions on certain industry sectors and parties in Russia. These actions and the broader Russia-Ukraine conflict have not had a material impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations; however, the continuation or escalation of geopolitical tensions or military action related to the conflict and the imposition of additional economic sanctions could continue to adversely affect the global economy and financial markets, disrupt trade and accelerate inflationary pressures, among other things, which could negatively affect the demand for our products and further intensify problems in the global supply chain. Although we have no operations in Russia or Ukraine, we believe we have experienced shortages in raw materials and increased costs for transportation and energy due in part to the negative impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the global economy, which impacts may persist or worsen as the conflict continues or escalates. The conflict also increases the risk of retaliatory acts from Russia impacting U.S. companies, which may include disruptions to our or our customers’ or suppliers’ technology infrastructure, including through cyberattack, ransom attack or cyber-intrusion. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market and economic disruptions are impossible to predict but could be substantial.

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Current and prospective regulations, changes in our product offerings and customer contractual requirements addressing consumer privacy and data use and security could increase our costs of operations, which could adversely affect our operations, results of operations and financial condition.

In operating a Financial Payment Card business, we manage large amounts of personally identifiable information of cardholders, including cardholder names, account numbers, healthcare provider names and health savings account numbers, and similar information and are thus subject to laws and requirements relating to data privacy and security, which continue to evolve and may become increasingly difficult to comply with. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act and the California Privacy Rights Act generally require companies like ours, which process consumer personal information on behalf of their customers, to use, retain or disclose consumer personal information solely for certain limited purposes, including to provide services to our customers according to the terms of our customer contracts. Other states have enacted similar data privacy laws and regulations and/or amended their existing data privacy laws and regulations. Furthermore, to the extent these laws apply to our customers, our customers have imposed, and may continue to impose additional, privacy related contractual obligations on us, adherence to which may require additional investment in resources and internal processes. Additionally, as we continue to innovate our products and services offerings and expand into new lines of business and as the number of jurisdictions enacting privacy and related laws increases and the scope of these laws and enforcement efforts expand, we have and may continue to become subject to additional data privacy and security legal requirements and regulations such as HIPAA. New products and services we develop may also require that we obtain and retain more personally identifiable information for a longer period of time than we have done historically. We have incurred significant expenses to meet the obligations of current privacy-related laws and requirements, and we expect to continue to incur these as well as additional expenses if we become subject to additional privacy-related laws and regulations, which will continue to necessitate us making changes to our internal processes, procedures and systems. Failure to comply with existing or future data privacy and security laws, regulations and requirements to which we are or become subject could result in fines, sanctions, penalties, civil lawsuits or other adverse consequences as well as loss of customer and consumer confidence, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations, overall business and reputation. The legal, political and business environments in these areas are rapidly changing, and subsequent legislation, regulation, litigation, court rulings or other events could expose the Company to increased program costs, liability and reputational damage.

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New and developing technology solutions and products could make our existing technology solutions and products obsolete or irrelevant, and if we are unable to introduce new products and services in a timely manner, our business could be materially adversely affected.

The markets for our products and services are subject to technological changes, frequent introductions of new products and services, evolving industry standards and changing customer preferences and demands. In particular, the rise in the adoption in digital payment systems or mobile payments may make physical cards less attractive as a method of payment. Mobile payments offer consumers an alternative method to make purchases without the need to carry a physical card and could, if widely adopted, reduce the number of Financial Payment Cards issued to consumers. In addition, other new and developing technology solutions and products could make our existing technology solutions and products obsolete or irrelevant.

Our ability to enhance our current products and services and to develop and introduce innovative products and services that address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers will significantly affect our future success. We may not be successful in developing, marketing or selling new products and services that meet these changing demands. In addition, we may experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development, introduction or marketing of these services, or our new services and enhancements may not adequately meet the demands of the marketplace or achieve market acceptance. If we do not complete or gain market acceptance of new products, services and technologies, it would likely have a material adverse effect on our ability to retain existing customers or attract new ones. For example, one of our growth opportunities is the continued transition to dual-interface EMV cards by U.S. card issuing banks. Banks may be delayed in transitioning to the issuance of dual-interface EMV cards due to increased costs and other factors. If these entities do not deploy dual-interface EMV technology or do so less quickly and/or completely than we expect, our ability to grow could be significantly affected which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our ability to develop and deliver new products and services successfully will depend on various factors, including our ability to:

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Additionally, opportunities to combine or package products and service offerings and the ability to cross-sell products and services are critical to remaining competitive in our industry. As a result, part of our business strategy is to develop new products and services that may be used in conjunction with or in addition to our existing offerings. If we are unable to identify adequate opportunities to cross-sell our products and services, this may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our failure to operate our business in accordance with the standards of the PCI Security Standards Council or other industry standards applicable to our customers, such as Payment Card Brand compliance standards, could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Many of our customers issue their cards on the networks of the Payment Card Brands that are subject to the standards of the PCI Security Standards Council or other standards and criteria relating to service providers’ and producers’ facilities, products and physical and logical security which we must satisfy in order to be eligible to supply products and services to such customers. Most of our contractual arrangements with our customers may be terminated, or customers may cease doing business with us, if we fail to comply with these standards and criteria.

We make significant investments in our network of high-security facilities in order to meet these standards and criteria, including investments required to satisfy changes adopted from time to time in their respective standards and criteria. Further investments may be costly, and if we are unable to continue to meet these standards and criteria, we may

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become ineligible to provide products and services that have constituted in the past an important part of our revenue and profitability. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the vast majority of the products we produced and services we provided were subject to compliance with the standards of one or more of the Payment Card Brands. If we were to lose compliance with one or more of the standards of the Payment Card Brands or of the PCI Security Standards Council for one or more of our facilities, we may lose the ability to produce cards for or provide services to banks issuing credit or debit cards on the networks of the Payment Card Brands. Additionally, certain of our facilities operate under variances of certain of these standards. If such variances are not granted in the future or if we are required to move or alter a facility in order to maintain compliance, we may incur significant costs and delays, or may lose our ability to offer services in that facility, which would be disruptive to our business and have an adverse effect on our customer relationships and financial results. If, as a result of noncompliance with standards of the PCI Security Standards Council or other standards of the Payment Card Brands, we are not able to produce cards for or provide services to any or all of the issuers issuing debit or credit cards on such networks, we could lose a substantial number of our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including climate change regulations, expose us to liability and any such liability may have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are subject to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate. Such regulations govern, among other things, emissions of pollutants into the air, wastewater discharges, waste disposal, the investigation and remediation of soil and groundwater contamination, and the health and safety of our employees. For example, the handling of certain materials and equipment we use in our production processes is subject to health and safety and environmental laws and regulations. We are also required to obtain environmental permits from governmental authorities for certain of our operations. If we violate or fail to comply with these laws, regulations or permits, we could be fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators.

As with other companies engaged in similar activities or that own or lease real property, we face inherent risks of environmental liability at our current and historical production facilities. Certain environmental laws impose strict and, in certain circumstances, joint and several liabilities on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the cost of the investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous substances as well as liability for related damages to natural resources. In addition, we may discover new facts or conditions that may change our expectations or be faced with changes in environmental laws or their enforcement that would increase our liabilities. Furthermore, our costs of complying with current and future environmental and health and safety laws, or our liabilities arising from past or future releases of, or exposure to, regulated materials, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The increasing concern over climate change has resulted in a broad range of proposed and promulgated federal, state and local regulations aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change, including regulating emission of carbon dioxide, methane and other GHG emissions, mandating recycling of plastic materials, imposing energy or carbon or other waste taxes and effectuating other governmental charges and mandates. Because we use materials in many of our products and engage in production processes that may be the subject of certain of these regulations, if enacted, such regulations could result in additional costs and adverse effects on our business in the form of (i) additional taxes, (ii) potential fines for noncompliance, (iii) restrictions on output, (iv) additional expenditures to either purchase new, or modify existing, equipment or processes, (v) required acquisition or trading of emission allowances and/or (vi) increased costs in the price of energy and/or in procuring alternative or additional raw materials from our suppliers.

Climate change regulation continues to evolve, and while it is not possible to accurately estimate either a timetable for implementation or our future compliance costs relating to implementation, such regulation could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position, capital expenditures and reputation.

These developments and further legislation that is likely to be enacted could negatively affect our operations. Changes in health and safety or environmental regulations could increase our production costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Risks Relating to Ownership of our Common Stock

Our majority stockholders have the ability to control significant corporate activities, which may result in the Company taking actions that other stockholders did not approve, and their ownership of a significant percentage of our outstanding common stock may adversely impact the liquidity and trading price of our stock.

Tricor Pacific Capital Partners (Fund IV), Limited Partnership and Tricor Pacific Capital Partners (Fund IV) US, Limited Partnership (collectively, the “Tricor Funds”), affiliated with Parallel49 Equity (formerly known as Tricor Pacific Capital), own approximately 58% of our common stock, in the aggregate, as of December 31, 2022. Continuation of this concentrated ownership could result in a limited amount of shares being available to be traded in the market, resulting in reduced liquidity. Additionally, the price of our common stock has experienced volatility due to the limited number of shares available to trade on the open market.

Also, as a result of their ownership, the Tricor Funds, so long as they collectively hold a majority of our outstanding shares, will have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to a vote of all stockholders and, through our board of directors, the ability to control decision-making with respect to our business direction and policies. Matters over which the Tricor Funds, directly or indirectly, exercise control include:

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The shares of our common stock held by the Tricor Funds are registered for resale, which means that they may be offered and sold to the public now or in the future without regard to the volume limitations under Rule 144 of the Securities Act. If and when some or all of these shares are sold by the Tricor Funds or the participants in their funds, either through sale on the open market, through privately negotiated transactions or through a distribution to the participants in their funds, or if it is perceived that they will be sold, the market price of our common stock could decline.

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Conflicts of interest may arise because directors who are principals of our largest stockholder constitute a substantial portion of our board of directors.

Messrs. Bradley Seaman and Nicholas Peters, who are officers or affiliates of Parallel49 Equity (and its predecessor), serve on our board of directors. The Tricor Funds, our majority stockholders, are funds controlled by Parallel49 Equity and its affiliates. Parallel49 Equity and entities controlled by it may in the future hold equity interests in entities that directly or indirectly compete with us, and companies in which it currently invests may begin directly or indirectly competing with us. As a result of these relationships, when conflicts between the interests of Parallel49 Equity, on the one hand, and of our other stockholders, on the other hand, arise, these directors may not be disinterested. Although our directors and officers have a duty of loyalty to us under Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation, transactions that we enter into in which a director or officer has a conflict of interest are generally permissible so long as (1) the material facts relating to the director’s or officer’s relationship or interest as to the transaction are disclosed to our board of directors and a majority of our disinterested directors approves the transaction, (2) the material facts relating to the director’s or officer’s relationship or interest as to the transaction are disclosed to our stockholders and a majority of our disinterested stockholders approve the transaction or (3) the transaction is otherwise fair to us. Our certificate of incorporation also provides that any principal, officer, member, manager and/or employee of Parallel49 Equity or any entity that controls, is controlled by or under common control with Parallel49 Equity (other than any company that is controlled by us) or any investment funds managed by Parallel49 Equity will not be required to offer any transaction opportunity of which they become aware to us and could take any such opportunity for themselves or offer it to other companies in which they have an investment, unless such opportunity is offered to them solely in their capacities as our directors.

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Securities analysts may not publish favorable research or reports about our business or may publish no information at all, which could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

The trading market for our common stock could be influenced to some extent by the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about the Company and our business. We do not control these analysts. Historically, we have not attracted substantial research coverage, and the analysts who publish information about our common stock may have relatively little experience with us, which could affect their ability to accurately forecast our results and could make it more likely that we fail to meet their estimates. In the event we obtain additional securities or industry analyst coverage, if any of the analysts who cover us provide inaccurate or unfavorable research or issue an adverse opinion regarding our stock price, our stock price could decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports covering us regularly, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

If we fail to meet the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq Global Market, our common stock may be delisted, which may adversely affect the market price and liquidity of our common stock.

Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq Global Market. In order to maintain our listing on Nasdaq, we must maintain certain financial and share distribution targets, including maintaining a minimum number of public stockholders, a minimum number of publicly held shares, a minimum market value of publicly held shares and a minimum bid price, in addition to meeting certain corporate governance requirements. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with the requirements for continued listing of our common stock on Nasdaq. If our common stock is delisted and we are unable to list our common stock on another U.S. national securities exchange, we expect our securities would be quoted on an over-the-counter market. Any delisting from Nasdaq could result in significant material adverse consequences for our stockholders, including limited availability of market quotations for our common stock and reduced liquidity for the trading of our securities. Other consequences could include a loss of confidence by investors, customers, suppliers and employees, and an adverse effect on our ability to obtain financing to continue operations.

Our business and operations could be negatively affected by stockholder activism and securities litigation.

Stockholder activism, which could take many forms or arise in a variety of situations, has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. On February 24, 2023, Steamboat Capital Partners Master Fund, LP (“Steamboat”) delivered a notice to us indicating its intent to nominate its managing member as a director candidate to stand for election as a director at our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, which was preceded by criticisms publicly expressed by an affiliate Steamboat regarding the Company’s strategic direction, capital allocation priorities and corporate governance. The Company is evaluating this purported nomination. An affiliate of Steamboat has criticized us, and we could face criticism from others, for risks associated with Parallel49 Equity’s controlling ownership interest in the Company. We could become more prone to stockholder activist demands in the event Parallel49 Equity reduces its ownership in the Company. Additionally, we have in the past been subject to securities litigation following volatility in the price of our common stock, and may again be subject to securities litigation, including as a result of the volatility in the price of our common stock, related to stockholder activism, or otherwise.

Stockholder activism, including potential proxy contests and advance stockholder proposals, and securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management’s and our Board of Directors’ attention and resources from our business. Additionally, stockholder activism or securities litigation could give rise to perceived uncertainties as to our future, adversely affect our relationships with customers and make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel. These matters could also hinder the execution of our business and growth strategies or constrain our capital deployment opportunities. Further, the price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuation or otherwise be adversely affected. Any adverse determination in litigation could also subject us to significant liabilities.

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Certain provisions of our organizational documents and other contractual provisions may make it difficult for stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors and may discourage hostile takeover attempts that some of our stockholders may consider to be beneficial.

Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control if our board of directors determines that such changes in control are not in the

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best interests of us and our stockholders. The provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws include, among other things, the following:

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We have entered into a director nomination agreement (the “Director Nomination Agreement”) with the Tricor Funds that provides the Tricor Funds the right to designate nominees for election to our board of directors for so long as the Tricor Funds collectively beneficially own 5% or more of the total number of shares of our common stock then outstanding. The number of nominees that the Tricor Funds are entitled to designate under the Director Nomination Agreement bears the same proportion to the total number of members of our board of directors as the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Tricor Funds bears to the total number of shares of common stock outstanding, rounded up to the nearest whole number. In addition, the Tricor Funds are entitled to designate the replacement for any of its board designees whose board service terminates prior to the end of such designee’s term regardless of the Tricor Funds’ beneficial ownership at such time. The Tricor Funds also have the right to have their designees participate on committees of our board of directors, subject to compliance with applicable law and stock exchange rules. The Director Nomination Agreement will terminate when the Tricor Funds collectively own less than 5% of our outstanding common stock.

We have elected in our certificate of incorporation not to be subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination, such as a merger, with a person or group owning 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless (with certain exceptions) the business combination or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder is approved in a prescribed manner. Accordingly, we will not be subject to any anti-takeover effects of Section 203. However, our certificate of incorporation contains provisions that have the same effect as Section 203, except that they provide that the Tricor Funds, their affiliates (including any investment funds managed by Tricor) and any person that becomes an interested stockholder as a result of a transfer of 5% or more of our voting stock by the forgoing persons to such person are excluded from the “interested stockholder” definition in our certificate of incorporation and are therefore not subject to the restrictions set forth therein that have the same effect as Section 203.

While these provisions have the effect of encouraging persons seeking to acquire control of the Company to negotiate with our board of directors, they could enable the board of directors to hinder or frustrate a transaction that some, or a majority, of our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests and, in that case, may prevent or discourage attempts to remove and replace incumbent directors. In addition, the potential issuance of preferred stock may delay or prevent a change in control of us or discourage bids for our common stock at a premium over the market price. It may also adversely affect the market price and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock as it could be issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to the rights of our common stock.

In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management.

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General Risk Factors

We are required to comply with complex laws and regulations in the United States and other countries and are exposed to business risks associated with our international business.

We are subject to numerous evolving and complex laws and regulations which apply, among other things, to financial reporting standards, corporate governance, data privacy, tax, trade regulations, environmental regulations and permit requirements, export controls, competitive practices, and labor and health and safety laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate. Though we currently have limited international operations, the expansion thereof in the future may increasingly expose us to risks associated with international business operations, including political instability (e.g., the threat of or actual war, terrorist attacks or civil unrest), inconsistent regulations across jurisdictions, unanticipated changes in the regulatory environment, and import and export restrictions. Any of these events may affect our employees, reputation, business or financial results as well as our ability to meet our objectives.

We may not be in full compliance at all times with the laws and regulations to which we are subject and we may not have obtained the permits, authorizations or licenses that we need. Any failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations could result in fines or sanctions. In such a case, or if any of these international business risks were to materialize, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business and financial results may be materially adversely affected by various legal and regulatory proceedings.

We are subject to legal proceedings, lawsuits and other claims in the normal course of business and could become subject to additional claims in the future, some of which could be material. A future adverse ruling, settlement or unfavorable development could result in charges that could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. In addition, litigation can be costly, and the expenses and damages arising from any liability could harm our business. Furthermore, our insurance may not be adequate to cover claims against us or any liability that may be imposed on us.

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None.

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Information regarding each of our facilities, which may include multiple leases at each location, is set forth below.

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Smart Packaging Solutions SA v. CPI Card Group Inc.

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On April 20, 2021, Smart Packaging Solutions, SA (“SPS”) filed a patent infringement lawsuit against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware seeking an unspecified amount of damages and equitable relief. In the complaint, SPS alleges that the Company infringed four patents that SPS has exclusively licensed from Feinics AmaTech Teoranta. The patents all relate to antenna technology. SPS alleges that the Company incorporates the patented technology into its products that use contactless communication. The Company does not produce antennas; it purchases certain antenna-related components from SPS and a number of other suppliers. The Company’s motion to dismiss the complaint is currently pending. Additionally, a third party, Infineon, has filed requests

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for Inter Parties Review (“IPR”) proceedings concerning each of the four patents. As a result, the Delaware District Court stayed the case pending resolution of the requests for review. The United States Patent Office has instituted proceedings with respect to all of the IPR requests. The current proceedings in the patent office are scheduled to run through September 2023. Should the patents survive review by the United States Patent Office, the Company intends to defend the suit vigorously. However, no assurance can be given that this matter will be resolved favorably.

In addition to the matter described above, the Company may be subject to routine legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes that the ultimate resolution of any such matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.

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Not applicable.

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PART II

Market

Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “PMTS”.

Holders

There were twenty-five stockholders of record as of March 1, 2023. This figure does not include an estimate of the indeterminate number of beneficial holders whose shares may be held of record by brokerage firms and clearing agencies.

Dividends

We do not currently expect that any cash or other dividends will be paid to holders of our common stock in the near future. Any future cash dividend or other dividend declarations are subject to the determination of the Company’s board of directors.

Repurchases

There were no shares repurchased during the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021.

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Item 6.

[Reserved]

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, some of which are not within our control. See "Risk Factors" and “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Company Overview

We are a payment technology company and leading provider of comprehensive Financial Payment Card solutions in the United States. We define “Financial Payment Cards” as credit, debit and Prepaid Debit Cards (as defined below) issued on the networks of the “Payment Card Brands” (Visa, Mastercard^®, American Express^® and Discover^®).

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We define “Prepaid Debit Cards” as debit cards issued on the networks of the Payment Card Brands, but not linked to a traditional bank account. We also offer an instant card issuance solution, which provides customers the ability to issue a personalized debit or credit card within the bank branch to individual cardholders. We have established a leading position in the Financial Payment Card solutions market through more than 20 years of experience.

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We serve a diverse set of several thousand customers which includes direct customers and indirect customer relationships whereby CPI provides Financial Payment Card solutions to a customer through a Group Service Provider (as defined below). Our customers include some of the largest issuers of debit and credit cards in the United States, the largest Prepaid Debit Card program managers in the United States, numerous financial technology companies (“fintechs”), as well as independent community banks, credit unions and Group Service Providers. We define “Group Service Providers” as reseller or card processor organizations that assist small card issuers, such as credit unions, with managing their credit and debit card programs, including managing the Financial Payment Card issuance process, core banking operations and other financial services.

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We serve our customers through a network of high-security production and card services facilities in the United States, each of which is audited for compliance with the standards of the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council (the “PCI Security Standards Council”) by one or more of the Payment Card Brands. Many of our customers require us to comply with PCI Security Standards Council requirements that relate to the provision of our products and services. Our network of high-security production facilities allows us to optimize our solutions offerings and to serve the needs of our diverse customer base.

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Driven by a combination of our strong relationships, quality, technology, and innovation, we believe we have strong positions in the following markets:

Trends and Key Factors Affecting our Financial Performance

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We believe the following key factors may have a meaningful impact on our business performance and may negatively influence our financial and operating results:

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COVID-19 Update

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The COVID-19 pandemic and associated counteracting measures implemented by governments and businesses around the world have impacted, and continue to impact, economies and societies globally, including the locations where we, our customers and our suppliers conduct business. We believe the global impacts from COVID-19, along with other macro-economic factors, have contributed to, among other things certain adverse effects on our supply chain, production lead times, labor availability, employee absenteeism and other costs. Though we have implemented measures to attempt to mitigate the impacts of the challenges described above, we believe that such impacts, and the associated costs, may continue throughout 2023 and beyond. The long-term implications of COVID-19 on our results of operations and overall financial performance remain uncertain. We continue to monitor global developments concerning COVID-19 to anticipate issues that may impact our business and take any necessary action.

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On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law. The CARES Act, among other things, included provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, changes in net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitation and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. We deferred employer social security payments in 2020 in accordance with the CARES Act, and the first installment repayment was made in the fourth quarter of 2021 and the second and final installment repayment was made in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Segment Overview

Our business consists of the following reportable segments:

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Debit and Credit Segment

Our Debit and Credit segment primarily produces Financial Payment Cards and provides integrated card services for card-issuing financial institutions and fintechs primarily in the United States. Products produced by this segment primarily include EMV^® and non-EMV Financial Payment Cards, including contact and contactless (dual-interface) cards and plastic and encased metal cards, and Second Wave payment cards featuring a core made with ROBP, and other private label credit cards that are not issued on the networks of the Payment Cards Brands. We also sell Card@Once^® printers and related supplies as part of our proprietary

and patented instant card issuance system. Services provided include a variety of integrated card services, including card personalization and fulfillment services. We also provide print-on-demand services, where we produce images, personalized payment cards and related collateral on a one-by-one, on-demand basis for our customers, as well as our Card@Once software-as-a-service (SaaS) solution. The Debit and Credit segment operations are each audited for compliance by one or more of the Payment Card Brands. Many of our customers require us to comply with the standards of the PCI Security Standards Council.

Prepaid Debit Segment

Our Prepaid Debit segment primarily provides integrated prepaid card services to Prepaid Debit Card providers in the United States, including tamper-evident security packaging. This segment also produces Financial Payment Cards issued on the networks of the Payment Card Brands that are included in the tamper-evident security packages. The Prepaid Debit segment operation is audited for compliance by one or more of the Payment Card Brands. Many of our customers require us to comply with the standards of the PCI Security Standards Council.

Other

Our Other segment includes corporate general and administrative expenses.

Key Components of Results of Operations

Set forth below is a brief description of key line items of our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Net Sales

Net sales reflect our revenue generated from the sale of products and services. Product net sales include the design and production of Financial Payment Cards, including contact and contactless cards, which includes our eco-focused cards. Contactless EMV cards have additional technology to process contactless transactions and generally have a higher selling price than contact-only EMV cards. We also generate product revenue from the sale of our Card@Once

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instant issuance system and consumables, private label credit cards and retail gift cards. Services net sales include revenue from the personalization and fulfillment of Financial Payment Cards, including print-on-demand services, tamper-evident security packaging, fulfillment services and SaaS personalization of instant issuance Financial Payment cards. See Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Revenue Recognition” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information and timing of revenue recognition for net sales. We include gross shipping and handling revenue in net sales.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes the direct and indirect costs of the products we sell and the services that we provide. Product costs include the cost of raw materials, including microchips and antennas for contactless EMV cards, labor costs, equipment and facilities costs, operation overhead, depreciation and amortization, leases and rental charges and transport costs. Product costs also include Card@Once instant issuance printer costs. Services costs include the cost of labor, raw materials in the case of tamper-evident security packaging, equipment and facilities costs, operation overhead, depreciation and amortization, leases and rental charges and transport costs. Cost of sales can be impacted by many factors, including volume, operational efficiencies, procurement costs, promotional activity, and employee relations. We include the costs of shipping and handling related to customer sales in cost of sales.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Gross profit consists of our net sales less our cost of sales. Gross margin is gross profit as a percentage of net sales.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses are primarily comprised of selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) which generally consist of expenses for executive, finance, sales, marketing, legal, information technology, customer service, human resources, research and development and administrative personnel, including payroll, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, bad debt expense and outside legal and other advisory fees, including consulting, accounting, and software related fees. Operating expense also includes depreciation and amortization expense and may include impairment charges on tangible and intangible assets, when necessary.

Income from Operations and Operating Margin

Income from operations consists of our gross profit less our net operating expenses. Operating margin is income from operations as a percentage of net sales.

Other Expense, net

Other expense, net consists primarily of interest expense and other non-operating items.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense consists of our federal and state income taxes at statutory rates, including the impact of other items such as valuation allowances, tax credits, permanent items, and foreign taxes.

Net Income

Net income consists of our income from operations, less other expense, net, and income taxes.

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Results of Operations

Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2021

The table below presents our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

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Net Sales:

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Debit and Credit:

Net sales for Debit and Credit increased $94.4 million, or 31.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year. Products net sales increased primarily due to increased volumes from existing customers, including the acquisition of new portfolios by an existing customer and the transition to eco-focused and other contactless cards, and higher Card@Once instant issuance sales. Contactless cards have additional technology to process contactless transactions and generally have a higher selling price than contact-only EMV cards. Services net sales increased due to growth from our print-on-demand solution and card personalization services, as well as higher Card@Once services.

Prepaid Debit:

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Net sales for Prepaid Debit increased $6.9 million, or 8.7%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, due to new customer acquisitions, overall higher volumes from our existing customer base, and the benefit from price increases.

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Gross Profit and Gross Margin:

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Debit and Credit:

Gross profit for Debit and Credit increased $34.2 million, or 31.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to the net sales increase described above, partially offset by the inflationary impact on production costs. Gross profit margin decreased to 36.9% during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to 37.1% in the prior year, primarily due to higher production costs, primarily materials, partially offset by operating leverage from higher sales, including the benefit of price increases.

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Prepaid Debit:

Gross profit for Prepaid Debit increased $0.1 million, or 0.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to the net sales increase described above, partially offset by the inflationary impact on production costs. Gross profit margin for Prepaid Debit decreased to 36.6% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 39.7% in the prior year, primarily due to higher production costs, primarily materials, partially offset by operating leverage from higher sales, including the benefit of price increases.

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Operating Expenses:

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Debit and Credit:

Debit and Credit operating expenses increased $3.6 million, or 11.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to a $1.3 million increase in selling and compensation expenses and a $1.0 million increase in professional services fees.

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Prepaid Debit:

Prepaid Debit operating expenses increased $1.5 million, or 32.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to increased selling expenses.

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Other:

Other operating expenses increased $9.6 million, or 20.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to a $7.2 million increase in compensation expenses as a result of increased employee

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headcount and higher salaries and $2.2 million of increased stock compensation, and a $2.4 million increase in professional services fees, including costs related to compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

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Income from Operations and Operating Margin:

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Debit and Credit:

Income from operations for Debit and Credit increased $30.6 million, or 38.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to higher net sales, partially offset by increased production costs and operating expenses. Operating margins increased to 28.2% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 26.8% in the prior year, primarily due to operating leverage from higher net sales, partially offset by higher production costs, primarily materials.

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Prepaid Debit:

Income from operations for Prepaid Debit decreased $1.3 million, or 5.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year, primarily due to increased production costs and operating expenses, partially offset by higher sales. Operating margin decreased to 29.7% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 34.0% in the prior year, primarily due to the factors discussed above.

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Other:

The loss from operations in Other increased $9.6 million, or 20.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year due to the factors described above under “Operating Expenses.”

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Interest, net:

Interest expense decreased to $29.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 from $30.6 million in the prior year. Interest expense was higher in 2021 primarily due to $2.6 million of “make-whole” interest premium paid in connection with the termination of our $30.0 million senior credit agreement (the “Senior Credit Facility”) on March 15, 2021. The decrease in interest expense due to the “make-whole” interest premium was partially offset by higher average interest rates on our borrowings during the year ended December 31, 2022, net premium paid of $0.5 million relating to the early retirement of the 8.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 (the “Senior Notes”), and interest income received of approximately $0.4 million in 2021 related to income tax refunds.

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Loss on Debt Extinguishment:

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a $0.5 million loss on debt extinguishment relating to the $25.0 million early retirement of the Senior Notes, as we expensed the associated portion of the unamortized deferred financing costs.

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During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a $5.0 million loss on debt extinguishment relating to the termination of both our previous Senior Credit Facility and First Lien Term Loan as we expensed the unamortized deferred financing costs and debt discount. This was completed in connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes and entry into our new asset-based, senior secured revolving credit facility (the “ABL Revolver”) on March 15, 2021.

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Income Tax Expense:

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Our effective tax rate on pre-tax income was 25.7% and 33.1% for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year was primarily due to a decrease in unrecognized tax benefits due to the lapse of statute of limitations and favorable settlements with state tax authorities.

Net Income:

Net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $36.5 million, compared to net income of $15.9 million in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to higher gross profit and a decrease in other expenses due to the impact of debt refinancing costs incurred in the 2021 first quarter, partially offset by increased operating expenses and income tax expense.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

At December 31, 2022, we had $11.0 million of cash and cash equivalents.

Our ability to make investments in and grow our business, service our debt and improve our debt leverage ratios, while maintaining strong liquidity, will depend upon our ability to generate excess operating cash flows through our operating subsidiaries. Although we can provide no assurances, we believe that our cash flows from operations, combined with our current cash levels, will be adequate to fund debt service requirements and provide cash, as required, to support our ongoing operations, capital expenditures, lease obligations and working capital needs.

On March 15, 2021, we entered into a credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association providing for an ABL Revolver of up to $50.0 million. On March 3, 2022, we entered into Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement, which amended the ABL Revolver, to among other things, increased the available borrowing capacity to $75.0 million, increased the uncommitted accordion feature to $25.0 million and revised the interest rate provisions to replace the LIBOR benchmark with updated benchmark provisions using the secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. On October 11, 2022, we entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, which amended the ABL Revolver to adjust certain monthly document delivery terms and to clarify the treatment of certain inventory.

Borrowings under the amended ABL Revolver bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the applicable term SOFR adjusted for a credit spread, plus an applicable interest rate margin. We may select a one, three or six month term SOFR, which is adjusted for a credit spread of 0.10% to 0.30% depending on the term selected. Through March 31, 2023, the applicable interest rate margin ranges from 1.50% to 1.75% depending on the average excess availability of the facility for the most recently completed quarter. The unused portion of the ABL Revolver commitment accrues a monthly unused line fee, 0.50% per annum through March 31, 2023, times the aggregate amount of Revolver commitments less the average Revolver usage during the immediately preceding month. The interest rate margin and unused line fee percentage changes, effective April 1, 2023, to between 1.25% and 1.75% (interest rate margin) and 0.375% and 0.50% (unused commitment fee).

Amounts borrowed and outstanding under the ABL Revolver are required to be repaid in full, together with any accrued and unpaid interest, on the earliest to occur of March 15, 2026 and the date that is 90 days prior to the maturity of the Senior Notes (and may be subject to earlier mandatory prepayment upon certain events).

The ABL Revolver includes limitations on our ability to borrow in certain situations, including limitations based on the calculation of a borrowing capacity and further limitations that are triggered if the amount available to borrow under the ABL Revolver is less than $7.5 million. The borrowing capacity represents the net availability under the ABL Revolver and is calculated as the lesser of a) the total of certain eligible assets, including cash, accounts receivable and inventories, further reduced by stated contribution percentages and adjustments or b) the $75.0 million of available borrowing capacity under the ABL Revolver (“Borrowing Base”). The Borrowing Base is further reduced by credit line reserves, letters of credit, as well as the loan ledger balance outstanding on the ABL Revolver. Additionally, commencing with the month immediately following a date on which borrowing capacity is below $7.5 million and until such time that borrowing capacity equals or exceeds $7.5 million for 30 consecutive days, we must maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement for the ABL Revolver) greater than 1.00, calculated for the trailing 12 months in order to borrow under the ABL Revolver.

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On March 15, 2021, we completed a private offering of $310.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes and related guarantees at an issue price of 100%. The Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 8.625% per annum and mature on March 15, 2026. Interest is payable on the Senior Notes on March 15 and September 15 of each year.

As permitted by the indenture governing the Senior Notes, the Company may from time to time repurchase some or all of the Senior Notes in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Prior to March 15, 2023, the Company may also redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at a “make-whole” redemption price, and on or after March 15, 2023, the Company may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at a redemption price initially set at 104.313% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, and reducing over time to 100%, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest. Additionally, prior to March 15, 2023, the Company may redeem, on one or more occasions, up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes with the proceeds of certain equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 108.625% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Furthermore, prior to March 15, 2023, but not more than once during each consecutive twelve-month period, the Company may also redeem up to 10% of the aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 103% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The timing and amount of any such redemptions or repurchases will depend upon market conditions, contractual commitments, the Company’s capital needs and other factors.

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The Company has obligations to make an offer to repay the Senior Notes, requiring prepayment in advance of the maturity date, upon the occurrence of certain events including a change of control, certain asset sales and based on an annual excess cash flow calculation. The annual excess cash flow calculation is determined pursuant to the terms of the related indenture, with any required payments to be made after the issuance of the Company’s annual financial statements. No such payment was required based on the Company’s 2022 operating results.

On March 11, 2022, we used the available borrowing capacity under the ABL Revolver to fund the redemption of $20.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 103% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date.

On December 28, 2022 the Company used cash on hand to fund the purchase of $5.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes at a purchase price equal to 98.75% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the purchase date.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $285.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on the Senior Notes and $5.0 million in ABL Revolver borrowings outstanding, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

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In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes and entry into the ABL Revolver, we terminated our previous Senior Credit Facility and previous First Lien Term Loan. Net proceeds from the Senior Notes, together with cash on hand and initial borrowings of $15.0 million under the ABL Revolver, were used to pay in full and terminate the Senior Credit Facility and First Lien Term Loan on March 15, 2021, and to pay related fees and expenses. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, prior to the termination of the First Lien Term Loan, we paid an excess free cash flow balance of $7.8 million pursuant to the terms of the Senior Credit Facility and the First Lien Term Loan.

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Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $31.3 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of $20.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. Cash generated from earnings for the year ended December 31, 2022 was partially offset by working capital increases, including an increase in accounts receivable of $19.7 million due to higher net sales and an increase in inventories of $10.7 million to help mitigate supply-chain constraints. Cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2021 benefited from the collection of $9.8 million of income tax refunds.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $17.8 million, compared to $9.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. Cash used in investing activities was related primarily to capital expenditures, including investments to support the business, such as machinery and information technology equipment.

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As presented in our supplemental disclosures of non-cash information on the statement of cash flows, finance leases were executed for the acquisition of right-of-use machinery and equipment assets totaling $9.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.

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Financing Activities

During the year ended December 31, 2022, cash used in financing activities was $23.2 million. We retired $24.9 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes in 2022, net of discount, paid $3.4 million of principal on financing leases, and received $2.1 million under financing leases during the year ended December 31, 2022. Net proceeds from the ABL Revolver were $5.0 million. We also paid $0.9 million in debt related costs.

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During the year ended December 31, 2021, cash used in financing activities was $47.2 million. Proceeds from the Senior Notes and ABL Revolver, net of discount, were $310.0 million and $14.8 million, respectively. We paid $9.5 million of debt issuance costs and $2.7 million of debt extinguishment costs, which included an early termination “make-whole” interest premium of $2.6 million on the Senior Credit Facility. We used proceeds from the Senior Notes and initial borrowings under the ABL Revolver, plus cash on hand, to pay in full and terminate the Senior Credit Facility balance of $30.0 million and the First Lien Term Loan balance of $304.7 million on March 15, 2021. Prior to the termination of the First Lien Term Loan, we paid an excess free cash flow balance of $7.8 million pursuant to the terms of the Senior Credit Facility and First Lien Term Loan. We paid $2.2 million of principal on financing leases during the year ended December 31, 2021.

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During the second quarter of 2021, we used $15.0 million of cash on hand to pay down the ABL Revolver to zero and had no borrowings outstanding thereunder as of December 31, 2021.

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Working Capital

Our working capital as of December 31, 2022 was $99.6 million, compared to $80.9 million as of December 31, 2021. The increase in our working capital during the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to an increase in accounts receivable of $19.6 million and increased inventories of $10.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in cash of $9.6 million as described above. Our working capital needs are typically highest in the first and third quarters due to the timing of payments for employee incentives and interest on outstanding borrowings. The majority of our interest payments are due in the first and third quarters.

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Material Cash Requirements

Our material cash requirements include interest payments on our long-term debt, operating and finance lease payments, and purchase obligations to support our operations.

Debt Service Requirements

As of December 31, 2022, the total projected principal and interest payments on our borrowings were $377.4 million, primarily related to the Senior Notes, of which $25.2 million of interest is expected to be paid in the next 12 months. The remaining interest payments are expected to be paid over the remaining term of the Senior Notes, which mature in 2026, and the principal is due upon maturity. We have estimated our future interest payments assuming no additional borrowings under the ABL Revolver, no early redemptions of principal on the Senior Notes, no early voluntary or required repayment of the borrowings under the ABL Revolver within the next twelve months, and no debt issuances or renewals upon the maturity dates of our notes. However, we may borrow additional amounts under the ABL Revolver, redeem principal on the Senior Notes early or refinance all or a portion of our borrowings in future periods.

Leases

We lease real property for production and services, in addition to equipment. Refer to Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplemental Data, Note 9, “Financing and Operating Leases” for details on our leasing arrangements, including future maturities of our operating lease liabilities.

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Purchase Obligations

A purchase obligation is an agreement to purchase goods or services that is enforceable, legally binding, and specifies all significant terms. As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $221.7 million of outstanding purchase obligations, of which approximately $94.9 million is expected to be paid in the next 12 months.

Included in the above amounts, during 2022, the Company entered into a capacity reservation agreement with one of the Company’s chip suppliers to reserve production supply capacity due to the current global supply shortage environment. Under the agreement, we agreed to pay certain fees in exchange for the supplier’s commitment to reserve capacity to produce a set quantity of chips from 2023 through 2025, subject to certain conditions, and the Company has committed to purchase those chips. The total value of the minimum non-cancellable commitment is $194.9 million over the term of the agreement, $69.6 million of which is expected to be paid in the next 12 months. In the event that the supplier is unable to deliver the specified quantity of chips, it will be subject to liquidated damages of 10% of the price of any non-delivered products.

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Cyclical and Seasonal Nature of Business

Financial Payment Cards are generally influenced by broader cyclical changes in the economy, with economic downturns potentially resulting in decreases in the demand for our products and services and economic upturns potentially resulting in increases in demand. In particular, prolonged economic downturns typically have resulted in significant reductions in the demand for general purpose credit cards due to tightening credit conditions. Our net sales are also influenced by changes in customer behavior such as altering inventory management practices, Financial Payment Card renewal cycles and demand for new products, such as contactless cards. Additionally, we historically have generated higher net sales in the third and fourth quarters of the year, as our sales of Prepaid Debit Card solutions are more heavily weighted toward the second half of the year when consumers tend to purchase more of these products and services in anticipation of the holiday season in the United States and timing related to the production of health insurance and health savings account cards.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In preparing our financial statements, we make estimates, assumptions and judgments that can have a significant impact on our reported net sales, results of operations and net income, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our balance sheet during and as of the reporting periods. These estimates, assumptions and judgments are necessary because future events and their effects on our results and the value of our assets cannot be determined with certainty and are made based on our historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates may change as new events occur or additional information is obtained, and we may periodically be faced with uncertainties, the outcomes of which are not within our control and may not be known for a prolonged period of time. Because the use of estimates is inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Products Net Sales: “Products” net sales are recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied. In most instances, this occurs over time as cards are produced for specific customers and have no alternative use and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for work performed. For work performed but not completed and unbilled, we estimate net sales by taking actual costs incurred and applying historical margins for similar types of contracts. Margins across each business with similar contracts have been relatively consistent and we have not made changes to our methods and assumptions during 2022. Items included in “Products” net sales are produced Financial Payment Cards, including contact-EMV, contactless EMV, Second Wave, contactless and magnetic stripe cards, private label credit cards and retail gift cards. Card@Once printers and consumables are also included in “Products” net sales, and their associated revenues are recognized at the time of shipping.

Services Net Sales: Net sales are recognized for “Services” as the services are performed. Items included in “Services” net sales include the personalization and fulfillment of Financial Payment Cards, providing tamper-evident secure packaging and fulfillment services to Prepaid Debit Card program managers, and SaaS personalization of instant

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issuance debit and credit cards. For work performed but not completed and billed, we estimate revenue by taking actual costs incurred and applying historical margins for similar types of contracts. Margins across each business with similar contracts have been relatively consistent and we have not made changes to our methods and assumptions during 2022.

Customer Contracts: The Company often enters into Master Services Agreements (“MSAs”) with its customers. Generally, enforceable rights and obligations for goods and services occur only when a customer places a purchase order or statement of work to obtain goods or services under an MSA. Usually our contractual arrangements include neither exclusivity clauses nor commitments from our customers to order any given quantities of products on a medium or long-term basis. The contract term as defined by ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, is the length of time it takes to deliver the goods or services promised under the purchase order or statement of work. As such, the Company's contracts are generally considered short term in nature.

Income Taxes

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our provision for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.

The Company has deferred tax assets and liabilities and maintains valuation allowances where it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. Significant judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. The determination of the amount of valuation allowance to be provided on recorded deferred tax assets involves consideration of estimates regarding the timing and amount of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, expected future taxable income, and the impact of tax planning strategies. Changes in the relevant facts can significantly impact the judgment or need for valuation allowances. In the event we change our determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, we will adjust our valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.

During the ordinary course of business, there are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The company is required to make estimates regarding future compensation for covered individuals to determine the value of its deferred tax asset related to the future deductibility of executive stock compensation which also requires significant judgment. We also establish reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. The reserves are established when we believe that certain positions are likely to be challenged and may not be fully sustained on review by tax authorities. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax audit or refinement of an estimate. Although we believe our reserves are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final outcome of these matters will be consistent with what is reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences will impact the current provision for income taxes. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.

The Company’s valuation allowance recorded as of December 31, 2022 relates primarily to a capital loss realized on the sale of a foreign subsidiary whereby the Company does not anticipate a capital gain in the foreseeable future that would allow for the recognition of the capital loss carryover. In addition, the Company has a partial valuation allowance on certain state interest deduction limitations, which the Company estimates may not be fully utilized. Additionally, other changes to the federal and state tax regulations can lead to variability in allowable deductions, which can impact the Company’s valuation allowance.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

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Not required due to smaller reporting company status.

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
CPI Card Group Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

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We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CPI Card Group Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 8, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Basis for Opinion

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These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

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We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

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Critical Audit Matter

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The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

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As discussed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has recorded compensation for certain covered employees in excess of $1.0 million per year. Under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 162(m), the Company is prohibited from deducting for tax purposes compensation in excess of $1.0 million per year for each

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of these employees. The covered employees are defined as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), and the three next-highest-compensated officers of the Company. The Company considers the impact of the estimated IRC Section 162(m) limitations on the future deductibility of existing temporary differences.

We identified the evaluation of the Company’s assessment of non-deductible excess compensation under IRC Section 162(m) as a critical audit matter. Specifically, the evaluation of the estimated future compensation for each covered employee used to determine the amount of permanently disallowed compensation under IRC Section 162(m) involved subjective auditor judgment. In addition, the evaluation required the involvement of tax professionals with specialized skills and knowledge.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s income tax process, including a control related to estimating future compensation for each covered employee. We evaluated the reasonableness of estimated future compensation included in the Company’s assessment by considering historical compensation figures for each covered employee and the potential impact to the Section 162(m) limitation if compensation increased or decreased in future years. We involved tax professionals with specialized skills and knowledge who assisted in evaluating the Company’s application of IRC Section 162(m) to determine the amount of permanently disallowed compensation under IRC Section 162(m) for United States tax purposes.

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/s/ KPMG LLP

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We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014.

Denver, Colorado
March 8, 2023

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
CPI Card Group Inc.:

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Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited CPI Card Group Inc. and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated March 8, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ KPMG LLP

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Denver, Colorado

March 8, 2023

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CPI Card Group Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

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CPI Card Group Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

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CPI Card Group Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

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CPI Card Group Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

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