CRAWFORD UNITED Corp - Annual Report: 2022 (Form 10-K)

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS. 

General Development of Business

Crawford United was founded in 1910 and organized in 1915 as an Ohio corporation, and first offered its securities to the public in 1959. Except as otherwise stated, the terms "Company" or "Crawford United" as used herein mean Crawford United and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, CAD Enterprises Inc., Data Genomix LLC, Federal Hose Manufacturing LLC, Crawford AE LLC doing business as Air Enterprises, Marine Products International LLC, Komtek Forge LLC, Global-Tek-Manufacturing LLC, Global-Tek Colorado LLC, Emergency Hydraulics LLC, Knitting Machinery Company of America, LLC, Reverso Pumps LLC and Separ America LLC. Crawford United Corporation is a growth-oriented holding company providing specialty industrial products to diverse markets, including healthcare, aerospace, defense, education, transportation, and petrochemical.

The Company reports operations for two business segments: (1) Commercial Air Handling Equipment and (2) Industrial and Transportation Products. The identification of our operating segments is based on guidance in ASC 280 “Segment Reporting”. The Company's management evaluates segment performance based primarily on operating income. Interest expense directly related to financing the acquisition of a business is allocated to that respective segment. Intangible assets are allocated to each segment and the related amortization of these assets are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. Beginning in 2022, the Company ceased allocating corporate costs to the respective segments.

Both the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment and the Industrial and Transportation Products segment engage in business activities from which they may recognize revenues and incur expenses, including revenue and expenses relating to transactions with other components of the Company. The operating results for both the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment and the Industrial and Transportation Products segment are reviewed regularly by our chief operating decision maker and is considered in making decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment in assessing its performance. Financial information for both segments is available in internal financial statements that are prepared on a monthly basis.

Commercial Air Handling Equipment:

The Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment was added June 1, 2017, when the Company purchased certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Air Enterprises Acquisition LLC in Akron, Ohio. The acquired business, which operates under the name Air Enterprises, is an industry leader in designing, manufacturing and installing large-scale commercial, institutional, and industrial custom air handling solutions. Its customers are typically in the health care, education, pharmaceutical and industrial manufacturing markets in the United States. This segment also sells to select international markets. The custom air handling units are constructed of non-corrosive aluminum, resulting in sustainable, long-lasting, and energy efficient solutions with life expectancies of 50 years or more. These products are distributed through a network of sales representatives, based on relationships with health care networks, building contractors and engineering firms. The custom air handling equipment is designed, manufactured and installed under the brand names FactoryBilt® and SiteBilt®. FactoryBilt® air handling solutions are designed, fabricated and assembled in a vertically integrated process entirely within the Akron, Ohio facility. SiteBilt® air handling solutions are designed and fabricated in Akron, but are then crated and shipped to the field and assembled on-site.

Industrial and Transportation Products: 

The Industrial and Transportation Products segment was added July 1, 2016, when the Company purchased the assets of the Federal Hose Manufacturing, LLC of Painesville, Ohio. This business segment includes the manufacture of flexible interlocking metal hoses and the distribution of silicone and hydraulic hoses. Metal hoses are sold primarily to major heavy-duty truck manufacturers and major aftermarket suppliers in North America. Metal hoses are also sold into the agricultural, industrial and petrochemical markets. Silicone hoses are distributed to a number of industries in North America, including agriculture and general industrial markets. The Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of CAD Enterprises, Inc.(“CAD”) in Phoenix, Arizona on July 1, 2018. CAD provides complete end-to-end engineering, machining, grinding, welding, brazing, heat treat and assembly solutions. Utilizing state-of-the-art machining and welding technologies, this segment is an industry leader in providing complex components produced from nickel-based superalloys and stainless steels. CAD’s quality certifications include ISO 9001:2015/AS9100D, as well as Nadcap accreditation for Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection (FPI), Heat Treating/Braze, Non-Conventional Machining EDM, and TIG/E-Beam welding. The Company added the distribution of marine hose to this segment through the acquisition of the assets of MPI Products, Inc. (“MPI”) on January 2, 2020. MPI specializes in rubber and plastic marine hose for the recreational boating industry. MPI offers certified products that meet marine industry standards and regulations. Effective April 19, 2019, the Company, completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Data Genomix, Inc., an Ohio corporation (“DG”). DG is in the business of developing and commercializing marketing and data analytic technology applications. The Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of KT Acquisition LLC (name later changed to Komtek Forge LLC), in Worcester, Massachusetts on January 15, 2021. Komtek Forge LLC is a supplier of highly engineered forgings for the aerospace, industrial gas turbine, medical prosthetics, alternative energy, petrochemical and defense industries. The Company purchased all of the membership interests of Global-Tek-Manufacturing LLC (“Global-Tek”), in Ceiba, Puerto Rico and substantially all of the assets of Machining Technology LLC (name later changed to Global-Tek Colorado LLC or “Global-Tek Colorado”) in Longmont, Colorado on March 2, 2021. Global-Tek and Global-Tek Colorado specialize in providing customers with highly engineered manufacturing solutions, including CNC machining, anodizing, electro polishing and laser marking for customers in the defense, aerospace and medical device markets. The Company purchased substantially all of the assets of Emergency Hydraulics LLC (“Emergency Hydraulics”), in Ocala, Florida on July 1, 2021. Emergency Hydraulics provides hydraulic hoses, air tank assemblies and related products to manufacturers of firefighting trucks and other emergency vehicles. The company purchased substantially all of the assets of Crawford REV Acquisition Company LLC (name later changed to Reverso Pumps LLC or “Reverso Pumps”), in Davie, Florida on January 10, 2022. Reverso Pumps develops, designs, manufactures, sells and distributes oil change systems, fuel and oil transfer pumps, fuel primers, fuel polishing systems and engine flushing systems.

The company purchased substantially all of the assets of Crawford SEP Acquisition Company LLC (name later changed to Separ America LLC or “Separ America”), in Davie, Florida on January 10, 2022. Separ America develops, designs, manufactures, sells and distributes oil change systems, fuel and oil transfer pumps, fuel primers, fuel polishing systems and engine flushing systems. The company purchased substantially all of the assets of KMC Corp. dba Knitting Machinery Corp. (“Knitting Machinery”), in Cleveland, Ohio and Greenville, Ohio on May 1, 2022. Knitting Machinery specializes in manufacturing hose reinforcement machinery for the plastic, rubber and silicone industries.

The factors used to determine the Company’s reportable segments follow the guidance of ASC 280-10-50-21 and 50-10-22 and include consideration of the type of products or services delivered, the customers and end markets served, the appliable revenue recognition methodology and the length of time it takes to deliver products or services to customers. The Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment was identified as a reportable segment consisting of Air Enterprises, because Air Enterprises is strategically and operationally different from our other companies in several ways. First, Air Enterprises sells equipment to end customers and our other businesses that fall into the Industrial and Transportation Products segment sell products and components to end customers, not equipment. Second, the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment delivers custom air handling solutions to customers which is different than the Industrial and Transportation Products segment which delivers manufactured metal, silicone, hydraulic and marine hoses, complex engineered components, highly engineered forgings, highly engineered and machined parts and data analytic technology applications. Third, the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment serves customers primarily in the health care and education end markets while the Industrial and Transportation Products segment delivers products to customers in the heavy-duty truck manufacturing, agricultural, industrial, petrochemical, aerospace, defense, industrial gas turbine, medical prosthetics, alternative energy and emergency vehicle end markets. Fourth, the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment recognizes revenue primarily over time while the Industrial and Transportation Products segment recognizes revenue primarily at a point in time. Fifth, the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment manufactures custom air handling solutions for customers over a period of three to eighteen months from the time the order is received to the time the air handling solution is delivered to the end customer as compared to the Industrial and Transportation Products segment which sells and delivers products to customers much more quickly, often within 30 days or less. For the reasons previously mentioned, Air Enterprises is strategically and operationally different than the other businesses owned by the Company and management finds it useful to include this business in the Commercial Air Handling Segment which is separate and distinct from all of our other businesses that reside in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment.

Corporate: 

Corporate costs are aggregated here.

Sources and Availability of Raw Materials 

Raw materials essential to the business segments are acquired from a large number of domestic manufacturers and some materials are purchased from European and Southeast Asian sources.
 

The Industrial and Transportation products segment uses various materials in the manufacture of its products. These include forgings and castings, steel fittings and hose packing consisting of silicone, cotton and copper wire. Seven suppliers provide approximately 55% of inventory purchases in this segment. If any one of these sources of supply were interrupted for any reason, the Company would need to devote additional time and expense in obtaining the same volume of supply from its other qualified sources.

Aluminum, the major raw material used in construction of the Commercial Air Handling units, is sourced from two major suppliers but is generally readily available from other sources. Copper is used by suppliers of a major component used in the product and the Company maintains relationships with three suppliers of these components to limit vulnerability. The Company maintains relationships with multiple suppliers for most of the other componentry used in assembly of the product, in order to maintain best costs for material and competitive lead times. The majority of materials for this segment are sourced domestically or from Canada.

The Company believes it has adequate sources of supply for its primary raw materials and components and has not had difficulty in obtaining the raw materials, component parts or finished goods from its suppliers.

Importance of Patents, Licenses, Franchises, Trademarks and Concessions 

The Company’s Data Genomix LLC subsidiary holds a patent on technology used to facilitate highly targeted advertising to identified audience members across social media channels. Other than the names “Federal Hose”, “Marine Products International” and “CAD Enterprises”, “Global-Tek”, “Komtek Forge”, “Reverso Pumps”, and “Air Enterprises” and the FactoryBilt® and SiteBilt® registered trademarks, the Company does not have any material licenses, franchises or concessions.

Seasonality 

In light of the markets served by its products, the Company does not believe that its Commercial Air Handling segment nor its Industrial and Transportation Products segment businesses are seasonal in nature.

Dependence on Customers 

For the year ended December 31, 2022, sales to nine customers in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment were 17.0% of consolidated sales of the Company, while sales to nine customers in the Industrial and Transportation products segment accounted for 22.5% of consolidated sales of the Company. For the year ended December 31, 2021, sales to nine customers in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment were 14% of consolidated sales of the Company, while sales to nine customers in the Industrial and Transportation products segment accounted for 34% of consolidated sales of the Company. The Company has long-term contractual relationships with a large customer in the Industrial and Transportation products segment. Sales to this large customer for the year ended December 31, 2022 were 6.7% of consolidated sales of the Company compared to 11.4% of consolidated sales of the Company in prior year.

Competitive Conditions

The Company is engaged in highly competitive industries and faces competition from domestic and international firms. Competition in the Industrial and Transportation products segment comes from domestic and international suppliers. The Company believes that it has a strong competitive position due to its expertise, certifications, long term customer contracts, and reputation for excellent quality. Competition in the Commercial Air Handling segment comes from both custom and non-custom air handling solution manufacturers. The Company believes that it has a strong competitive position due to the high quality and long life of the Company’s customized aluminum air handling solutions.

Number of Persons Employed 

Total employment by the Company was 387 full-time employees at December 31, 2022, compared to 451 full-time employees at December 31, 2021.

Available Information

The Company's Internet address is http://www.crawfordunited.com/. Crawford United makes available free of charge on or through its website its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy and information statements and amendments and supplements to those reports and statements filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such materials with, or furnishes them to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains these documents at www.sec.gov.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with the information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other documents we file with the SEC. The risks and uncertainties described below are those that we have identified as material, but are not the only risks and uncertainties facing us. Our business is also subject to general risks and uncertainties that affect many other companies, such as market conditions, economic conditions, geopolitical events, changes in laws, regulations or accounting rules, fluctuations in interest rates, terrorism, wars or conflicts, major health concerns, natural disasters or other disruptions of expected business conditions. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial also may impair our business, including our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

Company Risk Factors

The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected our operations and may continue to adversely affect our business, financial condition and liquidity.

Our business is exposed to risk from public health crises, including epidemics and pandemics such as COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions in our operations and adversely affected our business, due to many factors, including preventative measures such as imposition by government authorities of mandatory closures, work-from-home orders and social distancing protocols, increased employee absenteeism due to illness and/or quarantine requirements, and other restrictions that adversely affected our ability to adequately staff and maintain our operations and secure raw materials, components and supplies for our facilities, and adversely affected the operations of our customers. While the direct impact of COVID-19 and many of the preventative measures and adverse effects moderated in 2022, any resurgence of COVID-19 (or outbreak of any other epidemic or pandemic) or the restatement of similar preventative measures in the future could negatively impact our business, financial condition and liquidity.

Conditions in the global economy, the particular markets we serve and the financial markets may adversely affect our business and results of operations.

We may experience substantial increases and decreases in business volume throughout economic cycles. Industries we serve, including the heavy-duty truck, industrial equipment, aircraft, health care, education, pharmaceutical, industrial manufacturing, agricultural, marine, and petrochemical industries are sensitive to general economic conditions. Slower global economic growth or an economic recession, inflationary economic conditions, volatility in the currency and credit markets, high levels of unemployment or underemployment, reduced levels of capital expenditures, changes or anticipation of potential changes in government trade, fiscal, tax and monetary policies, public health crises, capital deficiencies and/or changes in capital requirements for financial institutions, government deficit reduction and budget negotiation dynamics, sequestration, austerity measures and other challenges that affect the global economy may adversely affect us and our distributors, customers and suppliers, including having the effect of:

If growth in the global economy or in any of the markets we serve slows for a significant period, if there is significant deterioration in the global economy or such markets or if improvements in the global economy do not benefit the markets we serve, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

Significant developments or uncertainties stemming from U.S. laws and policies, including changes in U.S. trade policies, tariffs and the reaction of other countries thereto, could have an adverse effect on our business.

Changes, potential changes or uncertainties in U.S. social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or laws and policies governing foreign trade, manufacturing, and development and investment in the territories and countries where we or our customers operate, could adversely affect our business and financial results. For example, increases in tariffs on certain goods imported into the United States, and substantial changes to the trade agreements, have adversely affected, and in the future could further adversely affect, our business and results of operations. Furthermore, retaliatory tariffs or other trade restrictions on products and materials that we or our customers and suppliers export or import could affect demand for our products. Direct or indirect consequences of tariffs, retaliatory tariffs or other trade restrictions may also alter the competitive landscape of our products in one or more regions of the world. Trade tensions or other governmental action related to tariffs or international trade agreements or policies has the potential to negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

As a result of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the United States, the United Kingdom and the European Union governments, among others, have developed coordinated sanctions packages. As the military conflict in Ukraine continues, there can be no certainty regarding whether such governments or other governments will impose additional sanctions or other economic or military measures against Russia. The impact of the military conflict in Ukraine, including further economic sanctions or expanded war or military conflict, as well as potential responses to them by Russia, could adversely affect our business, supply chain, suppliers or customers.

Decreased availability or increased costs of materials could increase our costs of producing our products.

We purchase raw materials, fabricated components, some finished goods and services from a variety of suppliers. Where appropriate, we employ contracts with our suppliers, both domestic and international. From time to time, however, the prices, availability, or quality of these materials fluctuate due to global market demands, import duties and tariffs, freight and labor availability and costs, economic conditions, or other conditions such as public health crises, which could impair our ability to procure necessary materials or increase the cost of these materials. Further, inflationary and other increases in costs of materials have occurred and may persist or recur from time to time. In addition, freight costs associated with shipping products and receiving materials are impacted by fluctuations in the cost of oil and gas, shipping capacity and labor shortages. A reduction in the supply, further increases in the cost or changes in quality of those materials could impact our ability to manufacture our products and could increase the cost of production, which could negatively impact our revenues and profitability.

Our growth could suffer if the markets into which we sell our products decline, do not grow as anticipated or experience cyclicality.

Our growth depends in part on the growth of the markets which we serve. Our quarterly sales and profits depend substantially on the volume and timing of orders received during the fiscal quarter, which are difficult to forecast. Any economic decline or lower than expected growth in our served markets could diminish demand for our products and services, which would adversely affect our financial results. Certain of our businesses operate in industries that may experience seasonality or other periodic, cyclical downturns. Demand for our products is also sensitive to changes in customer order patterns, which may be affected by announced price changes, marketing, new product introductions, changes in distributor or customer inventory levels due to distributor or customer management thereof or other factors. Any of these factors could adversely affect our growth and results of operations in any given period.

Our revolving credit facility contains various covenants limiting the discretion of our management in operating our business, including requiring us to maintain a maximum fixed charge coverage ratio.

Our revolving credit facility contains various restrictive covenants and restrictions, including financial covenants that limit management’s discretion in operating our business. In particular, these instruments limit our ability to, among other things:

The revolving credit facility also requires us to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20 to 1.00. If we fail to comply with the restrictions in the revolving credit facility or any other current or future financing agreements, a default may allow the creditors under the relevant agreements to accelerate the related debts and to exercise their remedies under these agreements, which typically will include the right to declare the principal amount of that debt, together with accrued and unpaid interest, and other related amounts, immediately due and payable, to exercise any remedies the creditors may have to foreclose on assets that are subject to liens securing that debt, and to terminate any commitments they had made to supply further funds. The exercise of any default remedies by our creditors would have a material adverse effect on our ability to finance working capital needs and capital expenditures.

We are dependent on key customers.

We rely on several key customers. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, our ten largest customers accounted for approximately 29% of our net sales. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, our ten largest customers accounted for approximately 38% of our net sales. Due to competitive issues, we have lost key customers in the past and may again in the future. Customer orders are dependent upon their markets and may be subject to delays or cancellations. As a result of dependence on our key customers, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations if any of the following were to occur:

If any of our key customers become insolvent or file for bankruptcy, our ability to recover accounts receivable from that customer would be adversely affected and any payments we received in the preference period prior to a bankruptcy filing may be potentially forfeitable, which could adversely impact our results of operations.

Our acquisition of businesses could negatively impact our financial results.

As part of our business strategy, we acquire businesses. Acquisitions involve a number of financial, accounting, managerial, operational, legal, compliance and other risks and challenges, including the following, any of which could adversely affect our business and our financial results:

Future claims, litigation and regulatory actions could adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to conduct our business.

While we strive to ensure that our products comply with applicable government regulatory standards and internal requirements and that our products perform effectively and safely, customers from time to time could claim that our products do not meet contractual requirements, and users could be harmed by use or misuse of our products. This could give rise to breach of contract, warranty or recall claims, or claims for negligence, product liability, strict liability, personal injury or property damage. Product liability insurance coverage may not be available or adequate in all circumstances. In addition, claims may arise related to patent infringement, environmental liabilities, distributor terminations, commercial contracts, antitrust or competition law, employment law and employee benefits issues and other regulatory matters. While we have in place processes and policies to mitigate these risks and to investigate and address such claims as they arise, we cannot predict the underlying costs to defend or resolve such claims.

Our business operations could be significantly disrupted by the loss of any members of our senior management team and segment leaders.

Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of our senior management team and segment leaders. Our senior management team has extensive marketing, sales, manufacturing, finance and engineering experience, and we believe that the depth of our management team is instrumental to our continued success. The loss of any of our key managers in the future could significantly impede our ability to successfully implement our business strategy, financial plans, expansion of services, marketing and other objectives.

A significant disruption in, or breach in security of, our information technology systems or data could adversely affect our business, reputation and results of operations.

We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit and store electronic information (including sensitive data such as confidential business information and personally identifiable data relating to employees and customers), and to manage or support a variety of critical business processes and activities (such as receiving and fulfilling orders, billing, collecting and making payments, shipping products and fulfilling contractual obligations). These systems may be damaged, disrupted or shut down due to attacks by computer hackers, computer viruses, ransomware, human error or malfeasance, power outages, hardware failures, telecommunication or utility failures, catastrophes or other unforeseen events, and in any such circumstances our system redundancy and other disaster recovery planning may be ineffective or inadequate. Security breaches could result in the misappropriation, destruction or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information or personal data belonging to us or to our employees, customers or suppliers. Our information technology systems may be exposed to computer viruses, malicious codes, unauthorized access and other cyber-attacks and we expect the sophistication and frequency of such attacks to continue to increase. Any of the attacks, breaches or other disruptions or damage described above could interrupt our operations or the operations of our customers, delay production and shipments, result in theft of our and our customers’ intellectual property and trade secrets, damage customer and employee relationships and our reputation or result in defective products, legal claims and proceedings, liability and penalties under privacy laws and increased costs for security and remediation, each of which could adversely affect our business, reputation and results of operations.

General Risk Factors

We are engaged in highly competitive industries and if we are unable to compete effectively, we may experience decreased demand and decreased market share.

Our businesses operate in industries that are highly competitive. In order to compete effectively, we must retain longstanding relationships with major customers and continue to grow our business by establishing relationships with new customers, continually developing new products to maintain and expand our brand recognition and position in various product categories and penetrating new markets, including high-growth markets. Our failure to compete effectively and/or pricing pressures resulting from competition may adversely impact our financial results.

Adverse credit market conditions may significantly affect our access to capital, cost of capital and ability to meet liquidity needs.

Disruptions, uncertainty or volatility in the credit markets may adversely impact our ability to access credit already arranged and the availability and cost of credit to us in the future. These market conditions may limit our ability to replace, in a timely manner, maturing liabilities and access the capital necessary to grow and maintain our business. Accordingly, we may be forced to delay raising capital or pay unattractive interest rates, which could increase our interest expense, decrease our profitability and significantly reduce our financial flexibility. Longer-term disruptions in the capital and credit markets as a result of the uncertainty, changing or increased regulation, reduced alternatives or failures of significant financial institutions could adversely affect our access to liquidity needed for our business. Any disruption could require us to take measures to conserve cash until the markets stabilize or until alternative credit arrangements or other funding for our business needs can be arranged. Such measures include deferring capital expenditures or other discretionary uses of cash. Overall, our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially adversely affected by disruptions in the credit markets.

Our business is subject to a variety of domestic and international laws, rules, policies and other obligations regarding data protection.

The processing and storage of certain information is increasingly subject to privacy and data security regulations and many such regulations are country-specific. The interpretation and application of data protection laws in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere, including but not limited to the California Consumer Privacy Act and the General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”), are uncertain, evolving and may be inconsistent among jurisdictions. Complying with these various laws may be difficult and could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner adverse to our business. We may be required to expend additional resources to continue to enhance our information privacy and security measures, investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities and/or comply with regulatory requirements.

Changes in foreign, cultural, political and financial market conditions could impair the Company’s operations and financial performance.

The economies of foreign countries important to the Company’s operations could suffer slower economic growth or economic, social and/or political instability or hyperinflation in the future. The Company’s international operations, including sourcing operations (and the international operations of the Company’s customers), are subject to inherent risks which could adversely affect the Company, including, among other things:

The foregoing could create uncertainty surrounding the Company’s business and the business of existing and future customers and suppliers, which could increase the cost of some of the Company’s products, thereby reducing its margins. Further, the foregoing risks could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s ability to commercialize its products on a competitive basis in the international markets and may have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations. The Company’s small sales volume in some countries, relative to some multinational and local competitors, could exacerbate such risks.

Should any of these risks occur, the Company’s ability to sell or export its products could be impaired; the Company could experience a loss of sales and profitability from its international operations; and/or the Company could experience a substantial impairment or loss of assets, any of which could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business.

The military conflict in Ukraine has resulted in substantial economic sanctions by the U.S. and other countries against Russia including restrictions on selling or importing goods, services or technology in or from affected regions and travel bans and asset freezes impacting connected individuals and political, military, business and financial organizations in Russia. The U.S. and other countries could impose wider sanctions and take other actions if the conflict continues or further escalates. It is not possible to predict the broader consequences of this conflict, which could include further sanctions, embargoes, regional instability, geopolitical shifts and adverse effects on macroeconomic conditions, currency exchange rates and financial markets, all of which could impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The elimination of or change in the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) may adversely affect the interest rates on and value of certain floating rate securities and other instruments that we hold.

LIBOR was a common benchmark interest rate (or reference rate) used to set and make adjustments to interest rates for certain floating rate securities and other financial instruments. Financial institutions are discontinuing the use of LIBOR and adopting alternative reference rates including the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), but the acceptance of such alternative rates and their applicability to existing instruments continues to develop. Any uncertainty regarding the continued use and reliability of SOFR and other alternative reference rates as benchmark interest rates could also adversely affect the value of certain floating rate securities, loans and other instruments. The consequences of these cannot be entirely predicted but could result in an increase in the cost of our variable rate indebtedness causing a negative impact on our financial position, liquidity and results of operations. Specifically, the use of an alternative reference rate could result in increased costs, including increased interest expense on our borrowings, and increased borrowing costs in the future.

Unforeseen future events may negatively impact our economic condition.

Future events may occur that would adversely affect the reported value of our assets. Such events may include, but are not limited to, strategic decisions made in response to changes in economic and competitive conditions, the impact of the economic environment on our customer base, or a material adverse change in our relationship with significant customers.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.

The Company operates facilities in the United States of America and Puerto Rico. The following table provides information relative to our principal facilities as of December 31, 2022:

The Company's headquarters and executive offices are located in Cleveland, Ohio. The Company's Industrial and Transportation Products segment utilizes the Phoenix, Arizona; Worcester, Massachusetts; Longmont, Colorado; Ceiba, Puerto Rico; Painesville, Ohio; Eastlake, Ohio; Ocala, Florida; and Davie, Florida properties. The Company’s Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment utilizes the Akron, Ohio property.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. 

At the time of filing this Annual Report on Form 10-K, there were no material legal proceedings pending or threatened against the Company.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES. 

Not Applicable.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT. *

The following is a list of the executive officers of the Company. The executive officers are elected each year and serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.

Mr. Brian E. Powers was elected to the Company’s Board of Directors in February 2014. He was appointed Chief Executive Officer on September 1, 2016.

Mr. John P. Daly became Chief Financial Officer on September 8, 2020. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Daly served as the Director of Financial Planning and Analysis for Park Place Technologies from 2017 to 2020 and as Senior Finance Manager for Beam Suntory from 2012 to 2017.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES. 

a) MARKET INFORMATION

The Company’s Class A Common Shares are traded on the OTC Pink Open Market under the symbol “CRAWA”. There is no market for the Company’s Class B Common Shares.

The following table sets forth the per share range of high and low bids for the Company’s Class A Common Shares for the periods indicated, as reported by the OTC Pink Open Market. These prices reflect inter-dealer prices without retail mark-up, mark-down or commissions and may not represent actual transactions. Trading on the OTC Pink Open Market is limited and the prices quoted by brokers are not a reliable indication of the value of our common stock.

b) HOLDERS 

As of February 18, 2022, there were approximately 162 shareholders of record of the Company's outstanding Class A Common Shares and 7 holders of record of the Company's outstanding Class B Common Shares. 

ITEM 6. 

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Items Affecting the Comparability of our Financial Results

The Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of KT Acquisition LLC (name later changed to Komtek Forge LLC “Komtek”), in Worcester, Massachusetts on January 15, 2021.

The Company purchased all of the membership interests of Global-Tek Manufacturing LLC (“Global-Tek Manufacturing”) in Ceiba, Puerto Rico and substantially all of the assets of Machining Technology L.L.C. (“Global-Tek Colorado”), in Longmont, Colorado on March 2, 2021. Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado are collectively referred to as “Global-Tek”.

The Company purchased substantially all of the operating assets of Emergency Hydraulics LLC, (“Emergency Hydraulics”) in Ocala, Florida on July 1, 2021.

The Company purchased substantially all of the operating assets of Reverso Pumps, Inc, (“Reverso Pumps”) and Separ of the Americas, LLC, (“Separ America”), both located in Davie, Florida on January 10, 2022.

The Company purchased substantially all of the operating assets of KMC Corp. dba Knitting Machinery Corp. (“Knitting Machinery”) located in Cleveland, Ohio and Greenville, Ohio on May 1, 2022.

Accordingly, in light of the timing of these transactions, the Company’s results for the year ended December 31, 2022 include the added results of operations of Emergency Hydraulics, Reverso Pumps, Separ America and Knitting Machinery in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment. Conversely, our results for the year ended December 31, 2021 do not include the results of operations of Reverso Pumps, Separ America and Knitting Machinery and also do not include a full twelve months of results for Komtek, Emergency Hydraulics, Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment.

Reportable Segment Information

Refer to Part 1, Item 1. Business for descriptions of our business segments.

Results of Operations

Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared with Year ended December 31, 2021

Sales for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased to $127.8 million, an increase of approximately $23.6 million or 22.6% from sales of $104.2 million during the prior year. This increase in sales was attributable to the impact of the acquisitions of Reverso Pumps, Separ America and Knitting Machinery in addition to a full twelve months of earnings from Komtek and Emergency Hydraulics as compared to less than twelve months in the prior year. Specifically, the increase in sales was driven by increased sales from the acquisitions of Reverso Pumps and Separ America ($7.2 million) and Knitting Machinery ($1.0 million), in addition to increased revenue from Komtek ($2.5 million) and Emergency Hydraulics ($1.0 million), and a $17.9 million increase attributable to recovery in demand as COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions loosened and commercial activity increased for Air Enterprises, Federal Hose, Data Genomix and MPI. These increases were partially offset by a decline in demand of $5.4 million attributable collectively to Global-Tek Manufacturing, Global-Tek Colorado and CAD Enterprises.

Cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $100.7 million compared to $82.2 million, an increase of $18.5 million or 22.5% from the prior year.  Gross profit was $27.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $21.9 million, an increase of $5.1 million from 2021.  The increase in cost of sales was primarily attributable to the impact of the acquisitions of Knitting Machinery, Reverso Pumps and Separ America in addition to a full year of earnings in 2022 from Komtek and Emergency Hydraulics. In addition, cost of sales for Air Enterprises increased from $30.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 to $36.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $6.6 million or 21.9% driven by increased demand for its products. These increases were partially offset by a decline in cost of sales of $3.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year attributable collectively to Global-Tek Manufacturing, Global-Tek Colorado and CAD Enterprises.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) for the year ended December 31, 2022 were $18.5 million, or 14.5% of sales, compared to $14.9 million, or 14.3% of sales in the prior year. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to $0.9 million of stock awards that were granted in 2022 compared to $0.4 million of stock awards during 2021. An additional $1.9 million of Selling, general and administrative expenses in 2022 were a result of the acquisitions of Reverso Pumps and Separ America and an additional $0.1 million of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the current year were a result of a full twelve months of expense for Komtek, Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado compared to less than twelve months in prior year.

Interest charges in the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $1.1 million compared to $0.9 million in the prior year. The interest expense increased in 2022 compared to 2021 due to higher levels of floating rate bank debt and higher average interest rates. Average total debt (including notes) and average interest rates for the year ended December 31, 2022 were $27.3 million and 3.8% compared to $26.4 million and 2.9% in 2021.

Other income, net was $0.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $1.3 million of other income, net in the prior year.  The decrease in other income was primarily driven by the forgiveness of the Company’s $1.5 million in outstanding Payroll Protection Loans (“PPP Loans”) in full by the U.S. Small Business Administration in accordance with the terms of the CARES Act in 2021 as compared to no PPP Loan forgiveness in 2022. The forgiveness of the PPP Loans was treated as income in 2021. The other income of $0.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven by the write off of a contingent liability of $0.8 million related to Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado as the Company determined the second year performance target would not be achieved by Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado and no contingent consideration was payable to the sellers. The write off of the $0.8 million contingent liability in 2022 was treated as income in 2022. This income was partially offset by an increase in unrealized losses on investments from $0.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 to $0.9 million in 2022.

Income tax expense in the year ended December 31, 2022 was $1.2 million compared to $1.7 million in the prior year. Tax expense was lower in 2022 compared to the prior year driven primarily by the reversal of certain income tax reserves that were deemed unecessary, which contributed to a lower tax rate in 2022.

Net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $6.6 million or $1.89 per diluted share as compared to net income of $5.7 million or $1.66 per diluted share for the prior year.  

Commercial Air Handling Segment

Sales in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased to $47.6 million, an increase of approximately $9.6 million or 25.3% from sales of $38.0 million during the prior year. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase in demand as COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions were lifted and the on-site access necessary to complete the installation of commercial air handling units was restored for certain hospital and university customers.

Cost of sales in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $36.9 million compared to $30.3 million in the prior year, an increase of $6.6 million or 21.9%. Gross profit was $10.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $7.7 million in the prior year, an increase of $3.0 million. Cost of sales as a percentage of sales was 77.4% in 2022 compared to 79.6% in the prior year. The decrease in cost of sales as a percentage of sales in 2022 was primarily attributable to improved cost management compared to the prior year.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment in the year ended December 31, 2022 were $4.1 million, or 8.6% of sales, compared to $4.7 million, or 12.3% of sales, in the prior year. The improvement in SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales was driven by reduced general and administrative expenses as a result of improved cost management in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year

There was no interest charge in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 or in the prior year because there was no outstanding debt attributable to this segment during those periods.

Income tax expense in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment in the year ended December 31, 2022 was $1.9 million compared to $0.8 million in the prior year, an increase of $1.1 million that was primarily attributable to an increase in income before taxes.

Net income in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $4.8 million compared to net income of $2.3 million in the prior year due primarily to the factors noted above.

Industrial and Transportation Products Segment

Sales in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased to $80.1 million, an increase of approximately $14.0 million or 21.2% from sales of $66.1 million during the prior year. Specifically, the increase in sales was driven by the acquisitions of Reverso Pumps and Separ America ($7.2 million) and Knitting Machinery ($1.0 million), an increase in revenue for Komtek ($2.5 million) and Emergency Hydraulics ($1.0 million), and a $8.3 million increase attributable to recovery in demand as COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions loosened and commercial activity increased for Federal Hose, Data Genomix and MPI. These increases were partially offset by a decline in demand of $5.4 million attributable collectively to Global-Tek Manufacturing, Global-Tek Colorado and CAD Enterprises.

Cost of sales in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased to $63.8 million, an increase of approximately $11.8 million or 22.8% from cost of sales of $52.0 million during the prior year. Gross profit was $16.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $14.2 million in the prior year, an increase of $2.1 million. Specifically, the increase in gross profit was primarily driven by the acquisitions of Reverso Pumps and Separ America ($3.6 million) and Knitting Machinery ($0.3 million), an increase for Komtek ($0.8 million) and Emergency Hydraulics ($0.3 million) and a $0.3 million increase attributable to recovery in demand as COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions loosened and commercial activity increased for Federal Hose, Data Genomix and MPI. These increases were partially offset by a decline in demand and gross profit of $3.4 million attributable collectively to Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado and CAD Enterprises. Cost of sales as a percentage of sales was 79.7% in the most recent year compared to 78.6% in the prior year. The increase in cost of sales as a percentage of sales in the current year was primarily attributable to input costs such as steel and aluminum rising faster than sales in the most recent year compared to prior year at Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado and CAD Enterprises.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment in the year ended December 31, 2022 were $10.3 million, or 12.9% of sales, compared to $9.6 million, or 14.6% of sales, in the prior year. The improvement in SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales was driven by the impact of the fixed SG&A expenses over the higher revenue base in 2022 compared to 2021.

The interest charge for the Industrial and Transportation Products segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $1.1 million compared to $0.8 million in the prior year.

Other income, net in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment was $1.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.5 million of other income, net in the same period of the prior year, an increase of $0.6 million. The increase in other income, net was primarily attributable to the write off a contingent liability of $0.8 million related to Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado because management determined that the specified performance targets likely will not be met and therefore the contingent consideration will not be earned and paid. The write off of the $0.8 million contingent liability in 2022 was treated as income in 2022

Income tax expense in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment in year ended December 31, 2022 was $1.7 million compared to $0.7 million in the prior year, an increase of $0.9 million due to higher income before taxes and higher expected tax rates used in 2022.

Net income in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $4.3 million compared to net income of $3.5 million in the prior year due primarily to the factors noted above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As described further in Note 15 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, effective January 10, 2022, the Company completed the Reverso Pumps and Separ America acquisitions for a purchase price of $4.2 million after post-closing adjustments based on working capital.

As described further in Note 15 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, effective May 1, 2022, the Company completed the Knitting Machinery acquisition for a purchase price of $1.3 million after post-closing adjustments based on working capital.

The Company’s credit agreement, by and between the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as lender (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”), provides for a revolving credit facility. On March 2, 2021, the Company amended its Credit Agreement to increase availability under the revolving credit facility to $30.0 million from $20.0 million. The amendment to the loan agreement provided additional flexibility to fund acquisitions, working capital and other strategic initiatives. 

Total current assets at December 31, 2022 increased to $48.8 million from $42.5 million at December 31, 2021, an increase of $6.3 million. The increase in current assets is comprised of the following: an increase of accounts receivable of $3.5 million; an increase in inventory of $3.6 million; an increase in contract assets of $1.2 million; and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $0.4 million; partially offset by a decrease in refundable tax assets of $1.3 million; a decrease in investments of $0.9 million; and a decrease in cash of $0.2 million. The increase in accounts receivable was driven by the acquisitions in 2022 of Reverso Pumps and Separ America in addition to an increase in new billings in the Commercial Air Handling segment for certain early-stage projects that have achieved billing milestones in advance of certain production milestones per their individual contract terms. Management estimates that these new projects in the Commercial Air Handling segment will be completed in the next 6 months. The Company is carrying lower cash balances due to improved supply chain reliability.

Total current liabilities at December 31, 2022 increased to $26.1 million from $23.9 million at December 31, 2021, an increase of $2.2 million.  The increase in current liabilities was primarily driven by the following: an increase in accounts payable of $2.6 million, an increase in unearned revenue of $1.5 million, an increase in accrued income taxes of $1.2 million and an increase in current leases payable by $0.5 million partially offset by a decrease in short term notes payable of $1.6 million, a decrease in the current portion of bank debt of $1.2 million and a decrease in contingent liabilities by $0.8 million.

Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $8.0 million, compared to cash provided by operating activities of $1.8 million in 2021. Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 is comprised of the following: net income of $6.6 million; cash provided by adjustments for non-cash items of $4.7 million; and cash used in working capital adjustments of $3.2 million. The primary drivers of decreased working capital during 2022 were the increase in accounts receivable of $2.7 million, the increase in inventory of $2.8 million, the increase on contract assets of $1.2 million and the increase in prepaid expenses of $0.6 million, partially offset by the increase in accounts payable of $2.0 million, the increase in unearned revenue of $1.1 million, the increase in lease liability of $0.5 million and the increase in accrued expenses of $0.5 million. Cash flows from operations were impacted by cash used in working capital adjustments including an increase in accounts receivable of $2.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, driven primarily by an increase of $2.9 million in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment. This increase was the result of an increase in new sales with high upfront billing milestones. Days sales outstanding in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment were 77 days in the year ending December 31, 2022 compared 73 days in 2021 which management will continue to monitor but does not view as a significant change. The Industrial and Transportation Products segment days sales outstanding was unchanged at 56 days in the years ending December 31, 2021 and 2022. The Company added Reverso Pumps, Separ America and Knitting Machinery in 2022 and will closely monitor days sales outstanding for the companies in this segment. The rise in days sales outstanding has a negative impact on cashflow and management will continue to monitor the trend in future periods. The Company does not have a history of failure to collect payment from its customers and believes that it is reasonable to assume that materially all of its outstanding accounts receivable will be collectible barring unforeseen circumstances.

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $5.1 million, compared to cash used in investing activities of $9.5 million in the prior year. Cash used in investing activities was for the acquisitions of Knitting Machinery, Reverso Pumps and Separ America in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment and capital expenditures in the normal course of business.

Cash used in financing activities was approximately $3.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to cash provided by financing activities of $3.0 million in the prior year. Cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily related to: $8.9 million borrowings on bank debt related primarily to the acquisition of Reverso Pumps and Separ America offset by payments on bank debt of $7.1 million, payments on notes payable of $4.1 million and a payments of a contingent consideration of $0.8 million as Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado achieved its first year performance target.

The Company is actively managing its business to maintain cash flow and liquidity. We believe that cash and availability on our revolving credit facility to be sufficient to fund working capital needs and service principal and interest payments due related to the bank debt and notes payable for at least the next 12 months. The Company had $10.7 million available to borrow on the revolving credit facility at December 31, 2022. Notwithstanding the Company's expectations, if the Company's operating results decrease as the result of pressures on the business due to, for example, supply chain interruptions or delays, increases in material, freight or labor costs, inflationary pressures, currency or interest rate fluctuations, regulatory issues, a downturn in general economic conditions, or the Company's failure to execute its business plans, the Company may require additional financing, or may be unable to comply with its obligations under the credit facility, and its lenders could demand repayment of any amounts outstanding under the Company’s credit facility. In addition, see Note 8 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

From time to time, the Company enters into performance and payment bonds in the ordinary course of business. These bonds are secured by certain assets of the Company by the surety until the Company’s completion of the requirements of the commercial air handling contract. At December 31, 2022, the Company has secured performance and payment bonds in the amount of $8.2 million as surety on completion of the requirements of certain commercial air handling contracts. The Company has no other off-balance sheet arrangements (as defined in Regulation S-K Item 303 paragraph (a)(4)(ii)) that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditure or capital resources.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions which affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate the accounting policies and estimates that are used to prepare financial statements. Management has made their best estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the financial statements, giving due consideration to materiality. We do not believe that there is great likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions related to the accounting policies described below. However, application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Certain accounting policies that require significant management estimates and are deemed critical to our results of operations or financial position are discussed below. On a regular basis, critical accounting policies are reviewed with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Revenue Recognition:

We recognize revenue with respect to customer orders when our obligations under the contract terms are satisfied and control of the product transfers to the customer, typically upon shipment. Revenue from certain contracts in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment is accounted for over time, when products are manufactured or services are performed, as control transfers under these arrangements. We follow the input method, as we have determined that it allows us to make reasonably reliable estimates of revenue and costs of a contract.

Allowance for Obsolete and Slow-Moving Inventory:

Inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method; stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value; and are reduced by an allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. The allowance is estimated based on management’s review of inventories on hand with minimal sales activity, which is compared to estimated future usage and sales. Inventories identified by management as slow-moving or obsolete are reserved for based on estimated selling prices less disposal costs. Though we consider these allowances adequate and proper, changes in economic conditions in specific markets in which we operate could have a material effect on allowances required.

Business Combinations:

Business combinations are accounted for using the purchase method of accounting under ASC 805, “Business Combinations.” This method requires the Company to record assets and liabilities of the businesses acquired at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value requires management to make estimates and assumptions including discount rates, rates of return on assets, and long-term sales growth rates.

Goodwill and Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets:

As referenced by ASC 350 “Intangibles- Goodwill and other” (“ASC 350”), management performs its annual test for goodwill and intangible assets at least annually or more frequently, if impairment indicators arise at the reporting unit level. Our reporting units have been identified at the individual company component level, with each individual subsidiary operating company constituting its own reporting unit. For 2022 and 2021, management performed qualitative and quantitative testing for each individual company with a goodwill balance other than those companies that were newly acquired within one year.

Our goodwill impairment analysis utilizes a qualitative approach comparing carrying amount of the reporting unit to its estimated fair value. To the extent that the qualitative approach indicates that it is more likely than not that the carrying amount is less than its fair value, we apply a quantitative approach as a secondary step. In applying the quantitative approach, we use an income approach to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. The income approach uses a number of factors, including future business plans and actual and forecasted operating results. The significant assumptions employed under this method include discount rates; revenue growth rates, including assumed terminal growth rates; and operating margins used to project future cash flows for the operating company. The discount rates utilized reflect market-based estimates of capital costs and discount rates adjusted for management’s assessment of a market participant’s view with respect to other risks associated with the projected cash flows of the individual company. Our estimates are based upon assumptions we believe to be reasonable, but which by nature are uncertain and unpredictable. We believe we incorporate reasonable assumptions into our analysis of goodwill impairment testing for a reporting unit, such that actual experience would need to be materially out of the range of expected assumptions in order for an impairment to remain undetected.

In conducting our 2022 annual goodwill impairment analysis, we determined that the goodwill for CAD Enterprises at December 31, 2022 was $7.3 million. In our qualitative assessment of CAD Enterprises, we noted a decline in revenue from $30.1 million in 2019 to $18.9 million in 2020, $18.3 million in 2021 and $15.5 million in 2022 and a decline in after-tax income margin from 5.8% in 2019 to -4.6% in 2020, -0.5% in 2021, and -3.4% in 2022 and thus determined to conduct a quantitative assessment of CAD Enterprises. The quantitative assessment of CAD Enterprises confirmed that the estimated fair value exceeded carrying value by 12.2 percent, and thus no impairment existed at December 31, 2022. The key assumptions used to estimate fair value included discount rates; revenue growth rates, including assumed terminal growth rates; and after-tax income margins used to project future cash flows for CAD Enterprises. The discount rate used to estimate fair value was 10% and was based on estimates of capital costs and management’s assessment of a market participant’s view with respect to other risks associated with the projected cash flows for CAD Enterprises. Our revenue growth rate for the 9-year period in the discounted cash flow model was 10.2% per year, which reflects management’s assessment of estimated future orders for CAD Enterprises based in part on a Long-Term-Agreement (“LTA”) with the company’s largest customer, a new $7.5 million incremental purchase order with this customer, our previous revenue history including actual revenues of $30.1 million in 2019 before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and a continued business rebound in the aerospace industry. The assumed terminal growth rate for CAD Enterprises was 3% based on management’s assessment of long-term growth rates for the Aerospace industry. The after-tax income margins used to project future margins for the company were based on the historical margins for CAD Enterprises prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2019, CAD Enterprises earned a debt-free after-tax income margin of 16.6%. The discounted cash flow model used to estimate fair value assumes a debt-free after-tax income margin of 17.3% in 2027, or year 5 of the forecast period and expanding margins to 17.5% in the terminal year. This is based on management’s assessment of our ability to grow SG&A expenses at a slower rate than revenues as the company achieves more scale. Our estimates are based upon assumptions we believe to be reasonable, but which by nature are uncertain and unpredictable. Potential events and circumstances including global conflicts, materials shortages, inability to increase prices to keep pace with expenses, onset of a global pandemic, departure of key employees and loss of a key customer could negatively affect the key assumptions used for the recent fair value test and are similar to the risk factors noted in Item 1A, Risk Factors in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

In conducting our 2022 annual goodwill impairment analysis, we determined that the goodwill for Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado at December 31, 2022 was $1.9 million. In our qualitative assessment of Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado, we noted a decline in revenue from $9.2 million in 2021 to $6.5 million in 2022 and a decline in after-tax income margin from 17.3% in 2021 to -3.3% in 2022 and thus determined to conduct a quantitative assessment of Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado. The quantitative assessment of Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado confirmed that the estimated fair value exceeded carrying value by 23.3%, and thus no impairment existed at December 31, 2022. The key assumptions used to estimate fair value included discount rates; revenue growth rates, including assumed terminal growth rates; and after-tax income margins used to project future cash flows for Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado. The discount rate used to estimate fair value was 10% and was based on estimates of capital costs and management’s assessment of a market participant’s view with respect to other risks associated with the projected cash flows for Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado. Our revenue growth rate for the 9-year period in the discounted cash flow model was 6.5% per year, which reflects management’s assessment of estimated future orders for Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado based on our previous revenue history including actual revenues of $9.2 million in 10 months of operations after the acquisition in 2021 before the untimely passing of the General Manager. The assumed terminal growth rate for Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado was 3% based on management’s assessment of long-term growth rates for the Aerospace and Defense industries. The after-tax income margins used to project future margins for the company were based on the historical margins for Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado prior to the untimely passing of the General Manager. In 2021, Global-Tek Manufacturing and Global-Tek Colorado earned an debt-free after-tax income margin of 16.4%. The discounted cash flow model used to estimate fair value assumes an after-tax income margin of 6.2% in 2027, or year 5 of the forecast period and expanding margins to 7.8% in the terminal year. This is based on management’s assessment of our ability to grow SG&A expenses at a slower rate than revenues as the company achieves more scale. Our estimates are based upon assumptions we believe to be reasonable, but which by nature are uncertain and unpredictable. Potential events and circumstances including global conflicts, materials shortages, inability to increase prices to keep pace with expenses, onset of a global pandemic, departure of key employees and loss of a key customer could negatively affect the key assumptions used for the recent fair value test and are similar to the risk factors noted in Item 1A, Risk Factors in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Income Taxes:

In accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), we account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial reporting and the tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the currently enacted tax rates. Specifically, we measure gross deferred tax assets for deductible temporary differences and carryforwards, such as operating losses and tax credits, using the applicable enacted tax rates and apply the more likely than not measurement criterion Further, at each interim reporting period, we estimate an effective income tax rate that is expected to be applicable for the full year. Significant judgment is involved regarding the application of income tax laws and regulations and when projecting the jurisdictional mix of income. Additionally, interpretation of tax laws, court decisions or other guidance provided by taxing authorities influences our estimate of the effective income tax rates. As a result, our actual annual effective income tax rates and related income tax liabilities may differ materially from our interim estimated effective tax rates and related income tax liabilities. Any resulting differences are recorded in the period they become known.

Impact of Inflation

Inflationary economic conditions have increased, and may continue to increase, the Company’s costs of producing its products. The Company’s products are manufactured using various metals and other commodity-based materials including steel, aluminum, rubber and silicone. Freight and labor costs also are significant elements of the Company’s production costs. Inflationary economic conditions increase these various costs. If the Company is unable to mitigate inflationary increases through customer pricing actions, alternative supply arrangements or other cost reduction initiatives, its profitability may be adversely affected.

Forward-Looking Statements

The foregoing discussion includes forward-looking statements relating to the business of the Company. Generally, these statements can be identified by the use of words such as “guidance,” “outlook,” “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “seeks,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would” and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements, or other statements made by the Company, are made based on management's expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting the Company and are subject to uncertainties and factors (including, but not limited to, those specified below) which are difficult to predict and, in many instances, are beyond the control of the Company. As a result, actual results of the Company could differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any such forward-looking statements. These uncertainties and factors include (a) the moderation of the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the resumption of operations by the Company’s customers, loosening of public health restrictions, or any reimposed restrictions or tightening of public health restrictions which could impact the demand for the Company’s products; (b) shortages in supply or increased costs of necessary products, components or raw materials from the Company’s suppliers; (c) availability shortages or increased costs of freight and labor for the Company and/or its suppliers; (d) actions that governments, businesses and individuals take in response to public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, including mandatory business closures and restrictions on onsite commercial interactions; (e) conditions in the global and regional economies and economic activity, including slow economic growth or recession, inflation, currency and credit market volatility, reduced capital expenditures and changes in government trade, fiscal, tax and monetary policies; (f) adverse effects from evolving geopolitical conditions, such as the military conflict in Ukraine; (g) the Company's ability to effectively integrate acquisitions, and manage the larger operations of the combined businesses, (h) the Company's dependence upon a limited number of customers and the aerospace industry, (i) the highly competitive industry in which the Company operates, which includes several competitors with greater financial resources and larger sales organizations, (j) the Company's ability to capitalize on market opportunities in certain sectors, (k) the Company's ability to obtain cost effective financing and (k) the Company's ability to satisfy obligations under its financing arrangements, and the other risks described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report Form 10-K and the Company’s subsequent filings with the SEC.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

This item is not applicable to the Company as a smaller reporting company.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA. 

The following pages contain the Financial Statements and Supplementary Data as specified for Item 8 of Part II of Form 10-K.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and Board of Directors

Crawford United Corporation

Cleveland, Ohio

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Crawford United Corporation (the "Company") as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for the years then ended, and the related notes and schedules (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

CRAWFORD UNITED CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

ASSETS

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CRAWFORD UNITED CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

CRAWFORD UNITED CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CRAWFORD UNITED CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CRAWFORD UNITED CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements  

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CRAWFORD UNITED CORPORATION
DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

1.   BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and with the instructions to Form 10-K and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Crawford United Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”). Significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the financial statements.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, there have been no changes to the Company's significant accounting policies. 

2.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses. The standard requires a financial asset (including trade receivables) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Thus, the income statement will reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly-recognized financial assets as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. This standard will be effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022.The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact to its consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingencies at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Accounting for "Financial Instruments" requires the Company to disclose estimated fair values of financial instruments. Financial instruments held by the Company include, among others, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and notes payable. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheet for assets and liabilities qualifying as financial instruments is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Fair Value Measurements

As defined in FASB ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements", fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company utilizes certain assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable firm inputs. The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Based on the examination of the inputs used in the valuation techniques, the Company is required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

* Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

* Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include: * Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

* Quoted prices for identical assets or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;

* Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability;

* Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

* Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, including the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Stock: The stock market value is based on valuation of market quotes from independent active market sources, and is considered a level 1 investment.

Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company sells its products and services primarily to customers in the United States of America and to a lesser extent overseas. All sales are made in U.S. dollars. The Company extends normal credit terms to its customers. For the year ended December 31, 2022, sales to nine customers in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment were 17% of consolidated sales of the Company, while sales to nine customers in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment accounted for 23% of consolidated sales. For the year ended December 31, 2021, sales to nine customers in the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment were 14% of consolidated sales of the Company, while nine customers in the Industrial and Transportation Products segment accounted for 34% of consolidated sales.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue under ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. The core principle of the revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue by analyzing the following five steps: (1) Identify the contract with the customer; 2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract; 3) Determine the transaction price; 4) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations; and 5) Recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied. The Company primarily receives fixed consideration for sales of product. The Company does not have any significant financing components as payment is received at or shortly after the point of sale. Costs incurred to obtain a contract will be expensed as incurred when the amortization period is less than a year. Shipping and handling amounts paid by customers are included in revenue. Sales tax and other similar taxes are excluded from revenue.

Contract Performance Obligations:

To determine proper revenue recognition, the Company evaluates whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether a combined or single contract should be accounted for as more than one performance obligation. This evaluation requires significant judgment, and the decision to combine contracts or separate a combined or single contract into multiple performance obligations could change the amount of revenue and profit recorded in a given period. Contracts are considered to contain a single performance obligation if the promise to transfer individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts primarily because the Company provides a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single project or capability. Contracts that cover multiple performance phases of the product lifecycle (development, construction, maintenance and support) are typically considered to have multiple performance obligations even when they are part of a single contract. The Company provides warranties, as well as limited workmanship warranties, to customers. These warranties are included in the sale, and do not provide customers with a service in addition to assurance of compliance with agreed upon specifications. The Company does not consider these assurance-type warranties to be separate performance obligations.

Construction Contracts

The Company recognizes revenue on construction contracts over time, as performance obligations are satisfied, due to the continuous transfer of control to the customer. The customer typically controls the work in process, as evidenced by the contract.

The Company’s construction contracts are generally accounted for as a single performance obligation, since the Company is providing a significant service of integrating components into a single project. The Company recognizes revenue using a cost-based input method, by which actual costs incurred relative to total estimated contract costs determine, as a percentage, progress toward contract completion. This percentage is applied to the transaction price to determine the amount of revenue to recognize. The Company believes the cost-based input method is the best depiction of performance, because it directly measures the value of the services transferred to the customer. Revenues on uninstalled materials are recognized when control is transferred to the customer, which does not necessarily equate to when the cost is incurred.

If based on a lack of reliable information, progress cannot be reasonably measured, recognition of revenues (but not costs) is deferred until progress can be reliably measured. If, however, the Company expects that total costs will be recovered, revenues are recognized equal to costs incurred until the Company can reliably measure progress. There were no contracts that were unable to be reasonably measured at December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Revenues on uninstalled materials are recognized when control is transferred to the customer, which does not necessarily equate to when the cost is incurred. Under limited circumstances (e.g., transfer of control occurs significantly after services are provided, the cost of the materials is significant), revenue is recognized, but no profit is recognized, on certain uninstalled third-party materials when the cost is incurred.

Because the Company almost always acts as a principal in contracts, revenues are recognized gross. The Company is considered the principal because the Company controls the contractually specified goods and services before they are transferred to the customer. The payment terms of the Company’s construction contracts from time to time require the customer to make advance payments as well as interim payments as work progresses. The advance payment generally is not considered a significant financing component as the Company expects to recognize those amounts in revenue within a year of receipt as work progresses on the related performance obligation.

The payment terms of the Company’s construction contracts from time to time require the customer to make advance payments as well as interim payments as work progresses. The advance payment generally is not considered a significant financing component as the Company expect to recognize those amounts in revenue within a year of receipt as work progresses on the related performance obligation.

Contract Assets

Contract assets are related to the Commercial Air Handling segment. A contract asset is recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of the right to receive consideration (i.e., the Company must perform additional services in order to receive consideration). Amounts are recorded as receivables when the right to consideration is unconditional. When consideration is received, or the Company has an unconditional right to consideration in advance of delivery of goods or services, a contract liability would be recorded.

Contract Estimates

Due to the nature of the Company’s performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Since a significant change in one or more of these variables could affect the profitability of contracts, the Company reviews and updates contract-related estimates regularly through a review process in which the Company reviews the progress and execution of performance obligations and the estimated cost at completion.

The Company recognizes adjustments in estimated profit on contracts under the cumulative catch-up method. Under this method, the impact of the adjustment on profit recorded to date is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance is recognized using the adjusted estimate. If at any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, a provision for the entire loss is recognized in the period it is identified.

Contract Modifications

Contract modifications are routine in the performance of the Company’s contracts. Contracts are often modified to account for changes in the contract specifications or requirements. In most instances, contract modifications are for goods or services that are not distinct, and, therefore, are accounted for as part of the existing contract.

Variable Consideration

The nature of the Company’s contracts can give rise to several types of variable consideration, including claims, unpriced change orders, and liquidated damages and penalties. The Company recognizes revenue for variable consideration when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. The Company estimates the amount of revenue to be recognized on variable consideration using the expected value (i.e., the sum of a probability-weighted amount) or the most likely amount method, whichever is expected to better predict the amount.

Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on assessment of legal enforceability, past performance, and all information (historical, current, and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company.

Cost and Expense Recognition

Contract costs include all direct labor, materials, subcontractor, and equipment costs, and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, tools and supplies. For construction contracts, costs are generally recognized as incurred. Under certain circumstances, costs incurred in the period related to future activity on contracts may be capitalized.

Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying performance obligations are excluded from the cost input calculation for revenue recognition. Excluded costs include both uninstalled materials and abnormal costs. Abnormal costs comprise wasted materials, wasted or rework labor and other resources to fulfill a contract that were not reflected in the price of the contract. A limited allowance for material overages and labor inefficiencies is typically included in our contract costs estimates (and by extension in the contract price).

For construction contracts, when it is probable that the total contract costs will exceed total contract revenues, a provision for the estimated expected loss is recorded. As long-term contracts extend over one or more years, revisions in costs and profits estimated during the course of the work are reflected in the accounting period in which the facts requiring the changes become known. Contracts which are substantially complete are considered closed for financial statement purposes.

Unearned Revenue

Unearned revenue consists of customer deposits and contract liabilities related to the Commercial Air Handling Equipment segment.

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue earned over time compared to at a point in time is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Deferred Commissions

Commissions are earned based on the status of the contract. Commissions are paid upon receipt of payment for units shipped.

Product Warranties

The Company provides a warranty for its custom air handling business covering parts for 12 months from startup or 18 months from shipment, whichever comes first. The warranty reserve is maintained at a level which, in management’s judgment, is adequate to absorb potential warranties incurred. The amount of the reserve is based on management’s knowledge of the contracts and historical trends. Because of the uncertainties involved in the contracts, it is reasonably possible that management’s estimates may change in the near term. However, the amount of change that is reasonably possible cannot be precisely estimated at this time.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. From time to time the Company maintains cash balances in excess of the FDIC limits.

Accounts Receivable
The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. Accounts receivable at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $21.9 million, $18.4 million and $12.0 million, respectively.

Inventory
Inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method; stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value; and are reduced by an allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. The allowance is estimated based on management’s review of inventories on hand with minimal sales activity, which is compared to estimated future usage and sales. Inventories identified by management as slow-moving or obsolete are reserved for based on estimated selling prices less disposal costs. 

Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. Additions and betterments are capitalized. The depreciation policy of the Company is generally as follows:

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets such as property, plant and equipment, as well as intangibles, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the total of the expected future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the asset.

Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are classified as cost of product sold.

Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is computed on domestic financial statement income. Where transactions are included in the determination of taxable income in a different year, deferred income tax accounting is used.

The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus any change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. The IRS concluded the audit of the 2018 Tax Return on February 3, 2023 and there were no material findings and this matter is considered closed.

Income per Common Share
Income per common share information is computed on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period.

Goodwill

Indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are tested for impairment annually and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood greater than 50%) that the intangible asset or the reporting unit is impaired.

Reclassifications: Certain 2021 financial information has been reclassified to conform to the 2022 presentation.

3.    ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. The reserve for doubtful accounts was $143,631 and $75,930 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

4.    INVENTORY

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value and consist of the following:

5.     GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Impairment testing

U.S. GAAP requires that both indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are tested for impairment annually and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood greater than 50%) that the intangible asset or the reporting unit is impaired. During interim periods, ASC 350 requires companies to focus on those events and circumstances that affect the significant inputs used to determine the fair value of the asset group or reporting unit to determine whether an interim quantitative impairment test is required.

The Company performed its annual impairment test for goodwill and intangible assets as of the last day of the fourth quarter. The Company first assessed certain qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible assets is less than its carrying amount, and whether it is therefore necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. For the Industrial and Transportation Products segment, the Company performed a quantitative impairment test, including a discounted cash flow model and peer comparison. As a result of the impairment testing, it was determined that no indefinite-lived intangible assets or goodwill was impaired. The Goodwill values are presented below:

The adjustment of ($169,854) in the year ended December 31, 2022 relates to reconciliation of the opening balance sheet related to the acquisition of Global-Tek Colorado and Global-Tek Manufacturing.

Intangible assets relate to the purchase of businesses. Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed on an annual basis for impairment. Amortization of other intangible assets is calculated on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from one year to 15 years. Intangible assets consist of the following:

Intangible amortization expense was as follows:

Intangible amortization for the next five years is as follows:

6.      PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated over their useful lives. Maintenance and repair costs are expenses as incurred. Property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2,398,445 and $2,059,157, respectively.

7.  INVESTMENTS IN EQUITY SECURITIES

Investments in equity securities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are summarized in the table below:

Investments by fair value level in the hierarchy as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

8.      BANK DEBT and NOTES PAYABLE

The Company is party to a Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as lender (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). As amended, the Credit Agreement is comprised of a revolving facility in the amount of $30,000,000 and a term A loan in the amount of $6,000,000. The revolving facility matures June 1, 2024 and the term A loan matured December 1, 2022 and was paid in full on January 4, 2023.

The revolving facility under the Credit Agreement includes a $3 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit thereunder. Interest for borrowings under the revolving facility accrues at a per annum rate equal to Prime Rate or LIBOR plus applicable margins of (i) (0.25%) for Prime Rate loans and (ii) 1.75% for LIBOR loans. The maturity date of the revolving facility is June 1, 2024. Interest for borrowings under the term A loan accrues at a per annum rate equal to Prime Rate or LIBOR plus applicable margins of (i) 0.25% for Prime Rate loans and (ii) 2.25% for LIBOR loans. The maturity date of the term A loan is December 1, 2022. The Credit Agreement includes a commitment fee on the unused portion of the revolving facility of 0.25% per annum payable quarterly. The obligations of the Company and other borrowers under the Credit Agreement are secured by a blanket lien on all the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement also includes customary representations and warranties and applicable reporting requirements and covenants. The financial covenants under the Credit Agreement include a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a maximum senior funded debt to EBITDA ratio and a maximum total funded debt to EBITDA ratio. LIBOR is a common benchmark interest rate (or reference rate) used to set and make adjustments to interest rates for certain floating rate securities and other financial instruments. Financial institutions are discontinuing the use of LIBOR and adopting alternative reference rates including the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR). The Company intends to amend the Credit Agreement in 2023 to reflect a change in reference rates from LIBOR to SOFR.

Bank debt balances consist of the following:

The Company had $10.7 million and $13.7 million available to borrow on the revolving credit facility at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  

Notes Payable – Related Party

The Company had two separate outstanding promissory notes with First Francis Company Inc. (“First Francis”), which were originally issued in July 2016 in connection with the acquisition of Federal Hose Manufacturing (“Federal Hose”) and which were amended in July 2018 in connection with the acquisition of CAD Enterprises, Inc. (“CAD”). The first promissory note was issued with original principal in the amount of $2,000,000, and the second was issued with original principal in the amount of $2,768,662. The promissory notes each had an interest rate of 6.25% per annum, which was increased from 4.0% per annum as part of the July 2018 amendments.

In connection with the Komtek Forge acquisition, on January 15, 2021, the Company refinanced the outstanding First Francis promissory notes in the aggregate amount of $2,077,384, including accrued interest payable through the refinance date and combined this amount with an existing First Francis promissory note carried by Komtek Forge in the amount of $1,702,400 into one note for a combined $3,779,784 loan due to First Francis Company, payable in quarterly installments beginning April 15, 2021. The interest rate on the refinanced loan remained at 6.25% per annum. First Francis is owned by Edward Crawford and Matthew Crawford, both of whom serve on the Board of Directors of the Company.

Notes Payable – Seller Note

Effective July 1, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of CAD. Upon the closing of the transaction, the CAD shares were transferred and assigned to the Company in consideration of the payment by the Company of an aggregate purchase price of $21 million, $12 million of which was payable in cash at closing, with the remainder paid in the form of a subordinated promissory note issued by the Company in favor of a Seller (the “Seller Note”), which is subject to certain post-closing adjustments based on working capital, indebtedness and selling expenses, as specified in the Share Purchase Agreement entered into in connection with the acquisition (the “Share Purchase Agreement”). The Seller Note bears interest at a rate of four percent (4%) per annum and is payable in full no later than June 30, 2023 (the “Maturity Date”). The Maturity Date, with respect to any then-outstanding portion of the original principal amount which is subject to an indemnification claim by the Company (asserted in accordance with the terms of the Share Purchase Agreement) pending as of the date thereof, will be automatically extended until such time as any claim relating to such disputed amount is no longer pending, pursuant to the terms of the Seller Note and subject to additional conditions set forth therein and in the Share Purchase Agreement. The Company is not permitted to prepay any amounts due and owing under the Seller Note. Payment of the Seller Note is secured by a second-priority security interest in the assets of CAD. Interest accrued on the original principal amount is due and payable in arrears on the first day of each calendar quarter up to and including June 30, 2022. The Company is required to make quarterly principal payments, the amount of which is calculated based on a four (4) year amortization schedule, on the last day of each calendar quarter up to and including the Maturity Date. An additional voluntary prepayment of principal in the amount of $0.6 million was made on September 30, 2022. 

Notes Payable

Notes payable consists of the following: 

Principal payments on the notes payable are as follows for the years ended December 31:

9.     LEASES 

The Company has operating leases for facilities, vehicles and equipment. These leases have remaining terms of 2 years to 12 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 years.  Lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $2.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:

Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2022 were as follows:

Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, the Company is involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. While the Company believes that such matters are currently not material, there can be no assurance that matters arising in the ordinary course of business for which the Company is, or could be, involved in litigation, will not have an adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. 

10. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

There are 10,000,000 Class A Shares and 2,500,000 Class B Shares authorized, as well as 1,000,000 Serial Preferred Shares.

Unissued shares of Class A common stock (1,002,848 and 1,002,848 shares at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively) are reserved for the share-for-share conversion rights of the Class B common stock. The Class A shares have one vote per share and the Class B shares have three votes per share, except under certain circumstances such as voting on voluntary liquidation, sale of substantially all the assets, etc. Dividends up to $0.10 per year, noncumulative, must be paid on Class A shares before any dividends are paid on Class B shares.

11. STOCK COMPENSATION 

The Company's 2013 Omnibus Equity Plan (the “Plan”) was approved and adopted by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Company's Class A and Class B Shareholders and provides for the grant of the following types of incentive awards: stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance shares and Class A Common Shares. Those who will be eligible for awards under the Plan include employees who provide services to the Company and its affiliates, executive officers, non-employee Directors and consultants designated by the Compensation Committee. Under the Plan, 150,000 Class A Common Shares were initially reserved for issuance. The Plan was materially revised in 2019 to increase the maximum number of the Company’s Class A Common Shares, without par value, available for issuance to 400,000, providing an additional 250,000 Class A Common Shares under the Plan. This change to the Plan was approved in connection with the Company’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The Class A Common Shares may be either authorized, but unissued, common shares or treasury shares. The Company granted 32,200 and 23,700 restricted stock awards under the Plan during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Approximately 239,000 Class A Common Shares remain available for issuance under the Plan.

The Company's expired Outside Directors Stock Option Plans (collectively the "Directors Plans"), provided for the automatic grant of options to purchase up to 5,000 shares of Class A Common Stock over a three-year period to members of the Board of Directors who were not employees of the Company, at the fair market value on the date of grant. The options are exercisable for up to 10 years. All options granted under the Directors Plans were fully exercised as of December 31, 2021. Non-cash compensation expense related to stock option plans was $0 and $8,775 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. 

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is as follows:

Non-cash compensation expense related to stock compensation plans was $957,728 and $429,344 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. 

A summary of the Company’s Treasury stock acquired for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022 is as follows:

12. INCOME TAXES 

A reconciliation of the provision of income taxes to the statutory federal income tax rate is as follows:

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following: 

Valuation Allowance
The Company has a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets based upon certain credits that may not be fully utilized in the future. The Company believes the valuation allowance of $29 thousand at December 31, 2022 and $47 thousand at December 31, 2021, is adequate.

Reserve for Uncertain Tax Positions
The Company has a reserve of unrecognized tax benefits related to exposures in accordance with ASC 740. The Company believes the valuation allowance of $0.2 million at December 31, 2022 and $0.6 million at December 31, 2021, is adequate. Due to the uncertainties involved with this significant estimate, it is reasonably possible that the Company’s estimate may change in the near term. 

Tax Credits and Net Operating losses:

At December 31, 2022, the Company has state net operating losses (NOLs) and research and development (R&D) and other credit carryforwards for tax purposes which expire as follows: