Annual Statements Open main menu

CULLEN/FROST BANKERS, INC. - Quarter Report: 2010 June (Form 10-Q)

Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

 

x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2010

Or

 

¨ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number: 001-13221

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Texas   74-1751768

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

100 W. Houston Street, San Antonio, Texas   78205
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

(210) 220-4011

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer   x    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of July 21, 2010, there were 60,677,936 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value, outstanding.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

June 30, 2010

Table of Contents

 

     Page

Part I - Financial Information

       Item 1.   

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

  
         

Consolidated Statements of Income

   3
         

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   4
         

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

   5
         

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   6
         

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   7
       Item 2.   

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   25
       Item 3.   

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   49
       Item 4.   

Controls and Procedures

   50

Part II - Other Information

       Item 1.   

Legal Proceedings

   51
       Item 1A.   

Risk Factors

   51
       Item 2.   

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

   51
       Item 3.   

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

   51
       Item 5.   

Other Information

   51
       Item 6.   

Exhibits

   51

Signatures

   52

 

2


Table of Contents

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
   Six Months Ended
June 30,
     2010    2009    2010    2009

Interest income:

           

Loans, including fees

   $ 102,512    $ 109,512    $ 205,024    $ 217,804

Securities:

           

Taxable

     31,482      32,105      60,557      65,206

Tax-exempt

     20,310      15,285      40,019      27,567

Interest-bearing deposits

     989      261      1,844      523

Federal funds sold and resell agreements

     21      62      31      181
                           

Total interest income

     155,314      157,225      307,475      311,281

Interest expense:

           

Deposits

     7,377      14,804      15,938      31,390

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     116      298      174      685

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     1,783      1,818      3,556      3,625

Other long-term borrowings

     4,142      5,841      8,327      11,485
                           

Total interest expense

     13,418      22,761      27,995      47,185

Net interest income

     141,896      134,464      279,480      264,096

Provision for possible loan losses

     8,650      16,601      22,221      26,202
                           

Net interest income after provision for possible loan losses

     133,246      117,863      257,259      237,894

Non-interest income:

           

Trust fees

     17,037      16,875      34,000      32,844

Service charges on deposit accounts

     24,925      25,152      49,734      50,062

Insurance commissions and fees

     7,512      7,106      18,650      17,857

Other charges, commissions and fees

     8,029      6,288      14,948      13,050

Net gain (loss) on securities transactions

     1      49      6      49

Other

     12,428      12,536      23,987      24,008
                           

Total non-interest income

     69,932      68,006      141,325      137,870

Non-interest expense:

           

Salaries and wages

     58,827      56,540      119,102      113,316

Employee benefits

     12,675      13,783      27,196      29,023

Net occupancy

     11,637      10,864      22,772      21,554

Furniture and equipment

     11,662      10,662      23,151      21,025

Deposit insurance

     5,429      11,667      10,872      16,043

Intangible amortization

     1,299      1,719      2,632      3,500

Other

     33,125      31,054      63,523      61,327
                           

Total non-interest expense

     134,654      136,289      269,248      265,788
                           

Income before income taxes

     68,524      49,580      129,336      109,976

Income taxes

     15,624      11,721      28,618      27,135
                           

Net income

   $ 52,900    $ 37,859    $ 100,718    $ 82,841
                           

Earnings per common share:

           

Basic

   $ 0.87    $ 0.64    $ 1.67    $ 1.39

Diluted

     0.87      0.63      1.66      1.39

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

3


Table of Contents

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     June 30,     December 31,     June 30,  
     2010     2009     2009  

Assets:

      

Cash and due from banks

   $ 491,747      $ 558,490      $ 653,497   

Interest-bearing deposits

     2,145,003        1,157,699        57,426   

Federal funds sold and resell agreements

     12,063        5,290        803,950   
                        

Total cash and cash equivalents

     2,648,813        1,721,479        1,514,873   

Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost

     252,995        6,115        6,583   

Securities available for sale, at estimated fair value

     4,753,608        4,884,257        4,327,628   

Trading account securities

     15,833        16,126        15,514   

Loans, net of unearned discounts

     8,065,679        8,367,780        8,643,693   

Less: Allowance for possible loan losses

     (125,442     (125,309     (122,501
                        

Net loans

     7,940,237        8,242,471        8,521,192   

Premises and equipment, net

     318,921        324,098        295,767   

Goodwill

     527,684        527,684        527,197   

Other intangible assets, net

     16,828        19,460        21,839   

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies

     127,579        125,405        123,579   

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

     457,381        420,943        430,640   
                        

Total assets

   $ 17,059,879      $ 16,288,038      $ 15,784,812   
                        

Liabilities:

      

Deposits:

      

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits

   $ 5,062,023      $ 4,645,802      $ 4,359,904   

Interest-bearing deposits

     8,890,137        8,667,508        8,136,833   
                        

Total deposits

     13,952,160        13,313,310        12,496,737   

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     438,496        482,048        656,363   

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     136,084        136,084        136,084   

Other long-term borrowings

     250,054        256,562        486,571   

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

     242,234        205,610        212,060   
                        

Total liabilities

     15,019,028        14,393,614        13,987,815   

Shareholders’ Equity:

      

Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued

     —          —          —     

Junior participating preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 250,000 shares authorized; none issued

     —          —          —     

Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 210,000,000 shares authorized; 60,656,360 shares issued at June 30,2010 and 60,236,862 shares issued at December 31, 2009 and June 30, 2009

     606        602        602   

Additional paid-in capital

     628,227        600,355        596,076   

Retained earnings

     1,196,254        1,150,103        1,109,504   

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

     215,764        154,205        122,017   

Treasury stock, 198,586 shares at December 31,2009 and 584,304 shares, at June 30, 2009, at cost

     —          (10,841     (31,202
                        

Total shareholders’ equity

     2,040,851        1,894,424        1,796,997   
                        

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 17,059,879      $ 16,288,038      $ 15,784,812   
                        

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

4


Table of Contents

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2010     2009  

Total shareholders’ equity at beginning of period

   $ 1,894,424      $ 1,763,527   

Comprehensive income:

    

Net income

     100,718        82,841   

Other comprehensive income (loss):

    

Change in accumulated gain/loss on effective cash flow hedging derivatives of $25,390 in 2010 and $(49,854) in 2009, net of tax effect of $8,886 in 2010 and $(17,449) in 2009

     16,504        (32,405

Change in unrealized gain/loss on securities available for sale of $67,865 in 2010 and $24,284 in 2009, net of reclassification adjustment of $(6) in 2010 and $(49) in 2009 and tax effect of $23,751 in 2010 and $8,482 in 2009

     44,108        15,753   

Change in the net actuarial gain/loss on defined benefit post-retirement benefit plans of $1,457 in 2010 and $2,115 in 2009, net of tax effect of $510 in 2010 and $740 in 2009

     947        1,375   
                

Total other comprehensive income

     61,559        (15,277
                

Total comprehensive income

     162,277        67,564   

Stock option exercises/deferred stock unit conversions (491,728 shares in 2010 and 203,800 shares in 2009)

     23,172        7,935   

Stock compensation expense recognized in earnings

     7,058        6,405   

Tax benefits related to stock compensation

     277        606   

Purchase of treasury stock (3,406 shares in 2010)

     (193     —     

Treasury stock issued/sold to the 401(k) stock purchase plan (40,019 shares in 2010 and 32,325 shares in 2009)

     2,069        1,560   

Common stock issued/sold to the 401(k) stock purchase plan (89,743 shares in 2010)

     4,977        —     

Cash dividends ($0.88 per share in 2010 and $0.85 per share in 2009)

     (53,210     (50,600
                

Total shareholders’ equity at end of period

   $ 2,040,851      $ 1,796,997   
                

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

5


Table of Contents

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2010     2009  

Operating Activities:

    

Net income

   $ 100,718      $ 82,841   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:

    

Provision for possible loan losses

     22,221        26,202   

Deferred tax expense (benefit)

     (1,406     (5,202

Accretion of loan discounts

     (5,282     (8,475

Securities premium amortization (discount accretion), net

     4,174        1,008   

Net (gain) loss on securities transactions

     (6     (49

Depreciation and amortization

     18,255        17,864   

Net (gain) loss on sale of loans held for sale and other assets

     3,221        34   

Stock-based compensation expense

     7,058        6,405   

Net tax benefit (deficiency) from stock-based compensation

     (142     389   

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     (419     (217

Earnings on life insurance policies

     (2,174     (2,605

Net change in:

    

Trading account securities

     293        (962

Loans held for sale

     24,029        1,879   

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

     (21,459     67,724   

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

     8,706        (63,613
                

Net cash from operating activities

     157,787        123,223   

Investing Activities:

    

Securities held to maturity:

    

Purchases

     (247,148     —     

Maturities, calls and principal repayments

     353        365   

Securities available for sale:

    

Purchases

     (10,397,173     (11,349,947

Sales

     9,997,994        9,947   

Maturities, calls and principal repayments

     593,434        10,590,177   

Net change in loans

     263,653        180,741   

Net cash paid in acquisitions

     —          (750

Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment

     727        6   

Purchases of premises and equipment

     (6,347     (39,326

Benefits received on life insurance policies

     —          223   

Proceeds from sales of repossessed properties

     3,348        3,632   
                

Net cash from investing activities

     208,841        (604,932

Financing Activities:

    

Net change in deposits

     638,850        987,800   

Net change in short-term borrowings

     (43,552     (416,916

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

     —          230,000   

Principal payments on long-term borrowings

     (6,508     (6

Proceeds from stock option exercises

     23,172        7,935   

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     419        217   

Purchase of treasury stock

     (193     —     

Common stock/treasury stock sold to the 401(k) stock purchase plan

     1,728        821   

Cash dividends paid

     (53,210     (50,600
                

Net cash from financing activities

     560,706        759,251   
                

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     927,334        277,542   

Cash and equivalents at beginning of period

     1,721,479        1,237,331   
                

Cash and equivalents at end of period

   $ 2,648,813      $ 1,514,873   
                

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

6


Table of Contents

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Table amounts are stated in thousands, except for share and per share amounts)

Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations. Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc. (Cullen/Frost) is a financial holding company and a bank holding company headquartered in San Antonio, Texas that provides, through its subsidiaries, a broad array of products and services throughout numerous Texas markets. In addition to general commercial and consumer banking, other products and services offered include trust and investment management, investment banking, insurance, brokerage, leasing, asset-based lending, treasury management and item processing.

Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include the accounts of Cullen/Frost and all other entities in which Cullen/Frost has a controlling financial interest (collectively referred to as the “Corporation”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accounting and financial reporting policies the Corporation follows conform, in all material respects, to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and to general practices within the financial services industry.

The consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm, but in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Corporation’s financial position and results of operations. All such adjustments were of a normal and recurring nature. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2009, included in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 2, 2010 (the “2009 Form 10-K”). Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year or any future period. The Corporation has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q were issued.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The allowance for possible loan losses, the fair value of stock-based compensation awards, the fair values of financial instruments and the status of contingencies are particularly subject to change.

Cash Flow Reporting. Cash paid for interest totaled $30.0 million and $48.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. Cash paid for income taxes totaled $28.0 million and $52.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. Significant non-cash transactions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 included transfers of loans to other real estate owned and foreclosed assets in connection with loan foreclosures totaling $10.8 million during 2010 and $12.4 million during 2009, loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned totaling $13.0 million in 2010 and common stock/treasury stock issued to the Corporation’s 401(k) plan in connection with matching contributions totaling $5.3 million during 2010 and $739 thousand during 2009.

Comprehensive Income. Comprehensive income includes all changes in shareholders’ equity during a period, except those resulting from transactions with shareholders. Besides net income, other components of the Corporation’s comprehensive income include the after tax effect of changes in the net unrealized gain/loss on securities available for sale, changes in the net actuarial gain/loss on defined benefit post-retirement benefit plans and changes in the accumulated gain/loss on effective cash flow hedging instruments. Comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 is reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity. The Corporation had comprehensive income of $104.7 million and $6.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. Comprehensive income during the three months ended June 30, 2010 included net after-tax gains of $37.0 million due to an increase in the net unrealized gain on securities available for sale and $14.2 million due to a change in the accumulated gain/loss on cash flow hedging derivatives. Comprehensive income during the three months ended June 30, 2009 included net after-tax losses of $27.0 million due to a change in the accumulated gain/loss on cash flow hedging derivatives and $5.4 million due to a decrease in the net unrealized gain on securities available for sale.

Reclassifications. Certain items in prior financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

 

7


Table of Contents

Note 2 - Securities

A summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities, excluding trading securities, is presented below.

 

     June 30, 2010    December 31, 2009
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized

Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value

Securities Held to Maturity:

                       

U.S. Treasury

   $ 247,235    $ 15,265    $ —      $ 262,500    $ —      $ —      $ —      $ —  

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     4,760      171      —        4,931      5,115      141      —        5,256

Other

     1,000      —        24      976      1,000      —        —        1,000
                                                       

Total

   $ 252,995    $ 15,436    $ 24    $ 268,407    $ 6,115    $ 141    $ —      $ 6,256
                                                       

Securities Available for Sale:

                       

U. S. Treasury

   $ 472,197    $ 13,426    $ —      $ 485,623    $ 399,444    $ 811    $ —      $ 400,255

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     2,170,243      135,840      —        2,306,083      2,491,579      89,740      4,010      2,577,309

States and political subdivisions

     1,835,236      89,155      1,277      1,923,114      1,785,914      83,894      1,150      1,868,658

Other

     38,788      —        —        38,788      38,035      —        —        38,035
                                                       

Total

   $ 4,516,464    $ 238,421    $ 1,277    $ 4,753,608    $ 4,714,972    $ 174,445    $ 5,160    $ 4,884,257
                                                       

All mortgage-backed securities included in the above table were issued by U.S. government agencies and corporations. Securities with limited marketability, such as stock in the Federal Reserve Bank and the Federal Home Loan Bank, are carried at cost and are reported as other available for sale securities in the above table. Securities with a carrying value totaling $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 were pledged to secure public funds, trust deposits, repurchase agreements and for other purposes, as required or permitted by law.

Sales of securities available for sale were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
   Six Months Ended
June 30,
     2010    2009    2010    2009

Proceeds from sales

   $ 2,999,251    $ 9,947    $ 9,997,994    $ 9,947

Gross realized gains

     1      49      8      49

Gross realized losses

     —        —        2      —  

As of June 30, 2010, securities, with unrealized losses segregated by length of impairment, were as follows:

 

     Less than 12 Months    More than 12 Months    Total
     Estimated
Fair Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Unrealized
Losses

Held To Maturity

                 

Other

   $ 976    $ 24    $ —      $ —      $ 976    $ 24
                                         

Available for Sale

                 

States and political subdivisions

   $ 154,559    $ 1,277    $ —      $ —      $ 154,559    $ 1,277
                                         

Declines in the fair value of held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses to the extent the impairment is related to credit losses. The amount of the impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other things, (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (iii) the intent and ability of the Corporation to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in cost.

Management has the ability and intent to hold the securities classified as held to maturity in the table above until they mature, at which time the Corporation will receive full value for the securities. Furthermore, as of June 30, 2010, management does not have the intent to sell any of the securities classified as available for sale in the table above and believes that it is more likely than not that the Corporation will not have to sell any such securities before a recovery of cost. Any unrealized losses are largely due to increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time the underlying securities were purchased. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach their maturity date or repricing date or

 

8


Table of Contents

if market yields for such investments decline. Management does not believe any of the securities are impaired due to reasons of credit quality. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2010, management believes the impairments detailed in the table above are temporary and no impairment loss has been realized in the Corporation’s consolidated income statement.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities, excluding trading securities, at June 30, 2010 are presented below by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Mortgage-backed securities and equity securities are shown separately since they are not due at a single maturity date.

 

     Held to Maturity    Available for Sale
     Amortized
Cost
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Amortized
Cost
   Estimated
Fair Value

Due in one year or less

   $ —      $ —      $ 217,539    $ 218,874

Due after one year through five years

     1,000      976      328,065      342,952

Due after five years through ten years

     247,235      262,500      144,363      151,287

Due after ten years

     —        —        1,617,466      1,695,624

Mortgage-backed securities

     4,760      4,931      2,170,243      2,306,083

Equity securities

     —        —        38,788      38,788
                           

Total

   $ 252,995    $ 268,407    $ 4,516,464    $ 4,753,608
                           

Trading account securities, at estimated fair value, were as follows:

 

     June 30,    December 31,
     2010    2009

U.S. Treasury

   $ 14,827    $ 16,126

States and political subdivisions

     1,006      —  
             
   $ 15,833    $ 16,126
             

The net gain on trading account securities, which includes amounts realized from sale transactions and mark-to-market adjustments, totaled $469 thousand and $1.0 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $600 thousand and $998 thousand during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Note 3 - Loans

Loans were as follows:

 

     June 30,
2010
    Percentage
of Total
    December 31,
2009
    Percentage
of Total
    June 30,
2009
    Percentage
of Total
 

Commercial and industrial:

            

Commercial

   $ 3,368,349      41.8   $ 3,577,758      42.7   $ 3,803,826      44.0

Leases

     193,107      2.4        197,605      2.4        202,239      2.3   

Asset-based

     128,616      1.6        117,213      1.4        99,620      1.2   
                                          

Total commercial and industrial

     3,690,072      45.8        3,892,576      46.5        4,105,685      47.5   

Real estate:

            

Construction:

            

Commercial

     585,668      7.3        659,459      7.9        670,303      7.8   

Consumer

     28,175      0.3        30,325      0.4        47,523      0.5   

Land:

            

Commercial

     231,768      2.9        259,200      3.1        320,780      3.7   

Consumer

     1,991      —          1,677      —          1,605      —     

Commercial mortgages

     2,377,162      29.5        2,327,471      27.8        2,286,292      26.5   

1-4 family residential mortgages

     63,220      0.8        66,351      0.8        70,838      0.8   

Home equity and other consumer

     718,568      8.9        730,079      8.7        733,053      8.5   
                                          

Total real estate

     4,006,552      49.7        4,074,562      48.7        4,130,394      47.8   

Consumer:

            

Student loans held for sale

     —        —          24,201      0.3        27,086      0.3   

Other

     340,719      4.2        346,255      4.2        350,167      4.0   

Other

     50,411      0.6        52,406      0.6        55,861      0.7   

Unearned discounts

     (22,075   (0.3     (22,220   (0.3     (25,500   (0.3
                                          

Total loans

   $ 8,065,679      100.0   $ 8,367,780      100.0   $ 8,643,693      100.0
                                          

 

9


Table of Contents

Concentrations of Credit. Most of the Corporation’s lending activity occurs within the State of Texas, including the four largest metropolitan areas of Austin, Dallas/Ft. Worth, Houston and San Antonio as well as other markets. The majority of the Corporation’s loan portfolio consists of commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans. As of June 30, 2010, there were no concentrations of loans related to any single industry in excess of 10% of total loans.

Student Loans Held for Sale. Student loans are primarily originated for resale on the secondary market. These loans, which are generally sold on a non-recourse basis, are carried at the lower of cost or market on an aggregate basis. During the second quarter of 2008, the Corporation elected to discontinue the origination of student loans for resale, aside from previously outstanding commitments. All remaining student loans were sold during the second quarter of 2010.

Foreign Loans. The Corporation has U.S. dollar denominated loans and commitments to borrowers in Mexico. The outstanding balance of these loans and the unfunded amounts available under these commitments were not significant at June 30, 2010 or December 31, 2009.

Non-Performing/Past Due Loans. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations, which typically occurs when principal or interest payments are more than 90 days past due. Non-accrual loans totaled $134.5 million at June 30, 2010 and $146.9 million at December 31, 2009. Accruing loans past due more than 90 days totaled $33.2 million at June 30, 2010 and $23.9 million at December 31, 2009.

Impaired Loans. Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Corporation will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. If a loan is impaired, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectibility of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.

Impaired loans were as follows:

 

     June 30,
2010
   December 31,
2009
   June 30,
2009

Balance of impaired loans with no allocated allowance

   $ 63,301    $ 97,847    $ 78,750

Balance of impaired loans with an allocated allowance

     61,452      37,657      80,557
                    

Total recorded investment in impaired loans

   $ 124,753    $ 135,504    $ 159,307
                    

Amount of the allowance allocated to impaired loans

   $ 20,361    $ 12,444    $ 22,297
                    

The impaired loans included in the table above were primarily comprised of collateral dependent commercial and commercial real estate loans. The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $128.9 million and $131.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $132.7 million and $108.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. No interest income was recognized on these loans subsequent to their classification as impaired.

Allowance for Possible Loan Losses. The allowance for possible loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for possible loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of probable losses that have been incurred within the existing portfolio of loans. The allowance, in the judgment of management, is necessary to reserve for estimated loan losses and risks inherent in the loan portfolio. The level of the allowance reflects management’s continuing evaluation of industry concentrations, specific credit risks, loan loss experience, current loan portfolio quality, present economic, political and regulatory conditions and unidentified losses inherent in the current loan portfolio, as well as trends in the foregoing. Portions of the allowance may be allocated for specific credits; however, the entire allowance is available for any credit that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Corporation’s control, including the performance of the Corporation’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications.

 

10


Table of Contents

Activity in the allowance for possible loan losses was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Balance at the beginning of the period

   $ 125,369      $ 114,168      $ 125,309      $ 110,244   

Provision for possible loan losses

     8,650        16,601        22,221        26,202   

Net charge-offs:

        

Losses charged to the allowance

     (11,421     (10,530     (27,227     (18,090

Recoveries of loans previously charged off

     2,844        2,262        5,139        4,145   
                                

Net charge-offs

     (8,577     (8,268     (22,088     (13,945
                                

Balance at the end of the period

   $ 125,442      $ 122,501      $ 125,442      $ 122,501   
                                

Note 4 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill. Goodwill totaled $527.7 million at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.

Other Intangible Assets. Other intangible assets totaled $16.8 million at June 30, 2010 including $13.9 million related to core deposits, $2.6 million related to customer relationships and $338 thousand related to non-compete agreements. Other intangible assets totaled $19.5 million at December 31, 2009 including $16.1 million related to core deposits, $3.0 million related to customer relationships and $412 thousand related to non-compete agreements.

Amortization expense related to intangible assets totaled $1.3 million and $2.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and totaled $1.7 million and $3.5 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The estimated aggregate future amortization expense for intangible assets remaining as of June 30, 2010 is as follows:

 

Remainder of 2010

   $ 2,493

2011

     4,299

2012

     3,500

2013

     2,729

2014

     1,944

Thereafter

     1,863
      
   $ 16,828
      

Note 5 - Deposits

Deposits were as follows:

 

     June 30,
2010
   Percentage
of Total
    December 31,
2009
   Percentage
of Total
    June 30,
2009
   Percentage
of Total
 

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits:

               

Commercial and individual

   $ 4,608,543    33.0   $ 4,147,516    31.1   $ 3,831,498    30.7

Correspondent banks

     290,817    2.1        343,622    2.6        436,407    3.5   

Public funds

     162,663    1.2        154,664    1.2        91,999    0.7   
                                       

Total non-interest-bearing demand deposits

     5,062,023    36.3        4,645,802    34.9        4,359,904    34.9   

Interest-bearing deposits:

               

Private accounts:

               

Savings and interest checking

     2,241,164    16.1        2,291,374    17.2        1,970,241    15.8   

Money market accounts

     4,948,612    35.5        4,546,365    34.1        4,088,208    32.7   

Time accounts under $100,000

     620,159    4.4        669,397    5.0        815,792    6.5   

Time accounts of $100,000 or more

     662,029    4.7        685,973    5.2        897,765    7.2   

Public funds

     418,173    3.0        474,399    3.6        364,827    2.9   
                                       

Total interest-bearing deposits

     8,890,137    63.7        8,667,508    65.1        8,136,833    65.1   
                                       

Total deposits

   $ 13,952,160    100.0   $ 13,313,310    100.0   $ 12,496,737    100.0
                                       

 

11


Table of Contents

At June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, interest-bearing public funds deposits included $196.6 million and $255.7 million in savings and interest checking accounts, $79.1 million and $86.9 million in money market accounts, $4.2 million and $4.2 million in time accounts under $100 thousand and $138.3 million and $127.6 million in time accounts of $100 thousand or more, respectively.

Some of the Corporation’s interest-bearing deposits were obtained through brokered transactions and the Corporation’s participation in the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS). Brokered money market deposits totaled $278.9 million at June 30, 2010 and $97.1 million at December 31, 2009. CDARS deposits totaled $86.8 million at June 30, 2010 and $115.6 million at December 31, 2009. Deposits from foreign sources, primarily Mexico, totaled $832.4 million at June 30, 2010 and $747.7 million at December 31, 2009.

Note 6 - Commitments and Contingencies

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk. In the normal course of business, the Corporation enters into various transactions, which, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles are not included in its consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation enters into these transactions to meet the financing needs of its customers. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation minimizes its exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures.

Commitments to Extend Credit. The Corporation enters into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of the Corporation’s commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding. Commitments to extend credit totaled $4.3 billion at June 30, 2010 and $4.4 billion at December 31, 2009.

Standby Letters of Credit. Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued by the Corporation to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, the Corporation would be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Corporation could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment were funded, the Corporation would be entitled to seek recovery from the customer. The Corporation’s policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements contain security and debt covenants similar to those contained in loan agreements. Standby letters of credit totaled $260.5 million at June 30, 2010 and $267.7 million at December 31, 2009.

The Corporation considers the fees collected in connection with the issuance of standby letters of credit to be representative of the fair value of its obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. In accordance with applicable accounting standards related to guarantees, the Corporation defers fees collected in connection with the issuance of standby letters of credit. The fees are then recognized in income proportionately over the life of the standby letter of credit agreement. The Corporation had deferred standby letter of credit fees totaling $1.5 million at both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, which represent the fair value of the Corporation’s potential obligations under the standby letter of credit guarantees.

Lease Commitments. The Corporation leases certain office facilities and office equipment under operating leases. Rent expense for all operating leases totaled $5.4 million and $10.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $5.2 million and $10.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. There has been no significant change in the future minimum lease payments payable by the Corporation since December 31, 2009. See the 2009 Form 10-K for information regarding these commitments.

Litigation. The Corporation is subject to various claims and legal actions that have arisen in the course of conducting business. Management does not expect the ultimate disposition of these matters to have a material adverse impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

Note 7 - Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Capital Requirements. Banks and bank holding companies are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.

 

12


Table of Contents

Quantitative measures established by regulations to ensure capital adequacy require the maintenance of minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital to adjusted quarterly average assets (as defined).

Cullen/Frost’s and Frost Bank’s Tier 1 capital consists of shareholders’ equity excluding unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, the accumulated gain or loss on effective cash flow hedging derivatives, the net actuarial gain/loss on the Corporation’s defined benefit post-retirement benefit plans, goodwill and other intangible assets. Tier 1 capital for Cullen/Frost also includes $132 million of trust preferred securities issued by unconsolidated subsidiary trusts. Cullen/Frost’s and Frost Bank’s total capital is comprised of Tier 1 capital for each entity plus $30 million of the Corporation’s aggregate $150 million of 6.875% subordinated notes payable (of which the permissible portion decreases 20% per year during the final five years of the term of the notes) and a permissible portion of the allowance for possible loan losses. The Corporation’s aggregate $100 million of 5.75% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes are not included in Tier 1 capital but are included in total capital of Cullen/Frost.

The Tier 1 and total capital ratios are calculated by dividing the respective capital amounts by risk-weighted assets. Risk-weighted assets are calculated based on regulatory requirements and include total assets, excluding goodwill and other intangible assets, allocated by risk weight category and certain off-balance-sheet items (primarily loan commitments). The leverage ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted quarterly average total assets, which exclude goodwill and other intangible assets.

Actual and required capital ratios for Cullen/Frost and Frost Bank were as follows:

 

     Actual     Minimum Required
for Capital Adequacy
Purposes
    Required to be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
Action Regulations
 
     Capital
Amount
   Ratio     Capital
Amount
   Ratio     Capital
Amount
   Ratio  

June 30, 2010

               

Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets

               

Cullen/Frost

   $ 1,677,493    15.52   $ 864,654    8.00     N/A    N/A   

Frost Bank

     1,529,875    14.17        864,018    8.00      $ 1,080,022    10.00

Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets

               

Cullen/Frost

     1,422,051    13.16        432,327    4.00        N/A    N/A   

Frost Bank

     1,374,433    12.73        432,009    4.00        648,013    6.00   

Leverage Ratio

               

Cullen/Frost

     1,422,051    8.80        646,683    4.00        N/A    N/A   

Frost Bank

     1,374,433    8.51        646,092    4.00        807,615    5.00   

December 31, 2009

               

Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets

               

Cullen/Frost

   $ 1,590,391    14.19   $ 896,896    8.00     N/A    N/A   

Frost Bank

     1,474,190    13.16        896,242    8.00      $ 1,120,302    10.00

Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets

               

Cullen/Frost

     1,335,082    11.91        448,448    4.00        N/A    N/A   

Frost Bank

     1,318,881    11.77        448,121    4.00        672,181    6.00   

Leverage Ratio

               

Cullen/Frost

     1,335,082    8.50        628,007    4.00        N/A    N/A   

Frost Bank

     1,318,881    8.41        627,437    4.00        784,296    5.00   

Cullen/Frost believes that, as of June 30, 2010, its bank subsidiary, Frost Bank, was “well capitalized” based on the ratios presented above.

Cullen/Frost is subject to the regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal Reserve, while Frost Bank is subject to the regulatory capital requirements administered by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Regulatory authorities can initiate certain mandatory actions if Cullen/Frost or Frost Bank fail to meet the minimum capital requirements, which could have a direct material effect on the Corporation’s financial statements. Management believes, as of June 30, 2010, that Cullen/Frost and Frost Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

 

13


Table of Contents

Dividend Restrictions. In the ordinary course of business, Cullen/Frost depends upon dividends from Frost Bank to provide funds for the payment of dividends to shareholders and to provide for other cash requirements. Banking regulations may limit the amount of dividends that may be paid. Approval by regulatory authorities is required if the effect of dividends declared would cause the regulatory capital of Frost Bank to fall below specified minimum levels. Approval is also required if dividends declared exceed the net profits for that year combined with the retained net profits for the preceding two years. At June 30, 2010, Frost Bank could pay aggregate dividends of up to $253.2 million to Cullen/Frost without prior regulatory approval and still be well-capitalized.

Trust Preferred Securities. In accordance with the applicable accounting standard related to variable interest entities, the accounts of the Corporation’s wholly owned subsidiary trusts, Cullen/Frost Capital Trust II and Summit Bancshares Statutory Trust I, have not been included in the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements. However, the $132.0 million in trust preferred securities issued by these subsidiary trusts have been included in the Tier 1 capital of Cullen/Frost for regulatory capital purposes pursuant to guidance from the Federal Reserve Board. See Note 16 - Subsequent Events.

Note 8 - Derivative Financial Instruments

The fair value of derivative positions outstanding is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and in the net change in each of these financial statement line items in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows.

Interest Rate Derivatives. The Corporation utilizes interest rate swaps, caps and floors to mitigate exposure to interest rate risk and to facilitate the needs of its customers. The Corporation’s objectives for utilizing these derivative instruments is described below:

The Corporation has entered into certain interest rate swap contracts that are matched to specific fixed-rate commercial loans or leases that the Corporation has entered into with its customers. These contracts have been designated as hedging instruments to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of the underlying commercial loan/lease due to changes in interest rates. The related contracts are structured so that the notional amounts reduce over time to generally match the expected amortization of the underlying loan/lease.

During 2007, the Corporation entered into three interest rate swap contracts on variable-rate loans with a total notional amount of $1.2 billion. The interest rate swap contracts were designated as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges with the objective of protecting the overall cash flows from the Corporation’s monthly interest receipts on a rolling portfolio of $1.2 billion of variable-rate loans outstanding throughout the 84-month period beginning in October 2007 and ending in October 2014 from the risk of variability of those cash flows such that the yield on the underlying loans would remain constant. As further discussed below, during November 2009, the Corporation settled portions of two of the interest rate swap contracts having a total notional amount of $400.0 million and concurrently terminated the hedge related to the interest cash flows on a rolling portfolio of $400.0 million of variable rate loans. Under the remaining hedge relationship, the desired constant yield is 7.559% in the case of the first contract (underlying loan pool totaling $350.0 million carrying an interest rate equal to Prime), 8.059% in the case of the second contract (underlying loan pool totaling $130.0 million carrying an interest rate equal to Prime plus a margin of 50 basis points) and 8.559% in the case of the third contract (underlying loan pool totaling $320.0 million carrying an interest rate equal to Prime plus a margin of 100 basis points). Under the swaps, the Corporation will receive a fixed interest rate of 7.559% and pay a variable interest rate equal to the daily Federal Reserve Statistical Release H-15 Prime Rate (Prime), with monthly settlements.

As stated above, during November 2009, the Corporation settled portions of two of the interest rate swap contracts having a total notional amount of $400.0 million and concurrently terminated the hedge related to the interest cash flows on a rolling portfolio of $400.0 million of variable rate loans. The deferred accumulated after-tax gain applicable to the settled portion of the two interest rate contracts included in accumulated other comprehensive income totaled $26.0 million at June 30, 2010. This amount will be reclassified into earnings during future periods when the formerly hedged transactions impact future earnings.

During 2008, the Corporation entered into an interest rate swap contract on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures with a total notional amount of $120.0 million. The interest rate swap contract was designated as a hedging instrument in a cash flow hedge with the objective of protecting the quarterly interest payments on the Corporation’s $120.0 million of junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures issued to Cullen/Frost Capital Trust II throughout the five-year period beginning in December 2008 and ending in December 2013 from the risk of variability of those payments resulting from changes in the three-month LIBOR interest rate. Under the swap, the Corporation will pay a fixed interest rate of 5.47% and receive a variable interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 1.55% on a total notional amount of $120.0 million, with quarterly settlements.

In January 2009, the Corporation entered into three interest rate swap contracts on FHLB advances with a total notional amount of $230.0 million. The interest rate swap contracts were designated as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges with

 

14


Table of Contents

the objective of protecting the forty quarterly interest payments on each of the Corporation’s variable-rate (three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 0.36%) FHLB advances which, in the aggregate, totaled $230.0 million throughout the forty quarterly periods beginning in January 2009 and ending in January 2019 from the risk of variability of those payments resulting from changes in the three-month LIBOR interest rate. Under the swaps, the Corporation would pay a weighted-average fixed interest rate of 2.85% and would receive a variable interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 0.36% on a total notional amount of $230.0 million, with quarterly settlements. During October 2009, the Corporation elected to repay the $230.0 million of FHLB advances associated with the interest rate swaps. Upon repayment of the advances, the Corporation also terminated the interest rate swaps and recognized a $17.7 million gain representing the fair value of the interest rate swaps on the termination date.

The Corporation has entered into certain interest rate swap, cap and floor contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivative contracts relate to transactions in which the Corporation enters into an interest rate swap, cap and/or floor with a customer while at the same time entering into an offsetting interest rate swap, cap and/or floor with another financial institution. In connection with each swap transaction, the Corporation agrees to pay interest to the customer on a notional amount at a variable interest rate and receive interest from the customer on a similar notional amount at a fixed interest rate. At the same time, the Corporation agrees to pay another financial institution the same fixed interest rate on the same notional amount and receive the same variable interest rate on the same notional amount. The transaction allows the Corporation’s customer to effectively convert a variable rate loan to a fixed rate. Because the Corporation acts as an intermediary for its customer, changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts for the most part offset each other and do not significantly impact the Corporation’s results of operations.

The notional amounts and estimated fair values of interest rate derivative contracts outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 are presented in the following table. The Corporation obtains dealer quotations to value its interest rate derivative contracts designated as hedges of cash flows, while the fair values of other interest rate derivative contracts are estimated utilizing internal valuation models with observable market data inputs.

 

     June 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
     Notional
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
    Notional
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
 

Interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of fair value:

          

Commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps

   $ 117,954    $ (10,475   $ 134,808    $ (9,453

Interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of cash flows:

          

Interest rate swaps on variable-rate loans

     800,000      107,518        800,000      74,214   

Interest rate swap on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     120,000      (10,286     120,000      (6,943

Non-hedging interest rate derivatives:

          

Commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps

     591,343      51,738        555,334      32,608   

Commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps

     591,343      (51,994     555,334      (32,786

Commercial loan/lease interest rate caps

     20,000      415        22,792      1,086   

Commercial loan/lease interest rate caps

     20,000      (415     22,792      (1,086

Commercial loan/lease interest rate floors

     —        —          2,792      40   

Commercial loan/lease interest rate floors

     —        —          2,792      (40

The weighted-average rates paid and received for interest rate swaps outstanding at June 30, 2010 were as follows:

 

     Weighted-Average  
     Interest
Rate
Paid
    Interest
Rate
Received
 

Interest rate swaps:

    

Fair value hedge commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps

   4.86   0.34

Cash flow hedge interest rate swaps on variable-rate loans

   3.25      7.56   

Cash flow hedge interest rate swaps on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

   5.47      1.80   

Non-hedging interest rate swaps

   1.98      5.28   

Non-hedging interest rate swaps

   5.28      1.98   

The weighted-average strike rate for outstanding interest rate caps was 3.10% at June 30, 2010.

 

15


Table of Contents

Commodity Derivatives. The Corporation enters into commodity swaps and option contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments primarily to accommodate the business needs of its customers. Upon the origination of a commodity swap or option contract with a customer, the Corporation simultaneously enters into an offsetting contract with a third party to mitigate the exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices.

The notional amounts and estimated fair values of commodity derivative positions outstanding are presented in the following table. The Corporation obtains dealer quotations to value its commodity derivative positions.

 

          June 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
     Notional
Units
   Notional
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
    Notional
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
 

Non-hedging commodity swaps:

             

Oil

   Barrels    70    $ 571      71    $ 1,482   

Oil

   Barrels    70      (561   71      (1,468

Natural gas

   MMBTUs    240      51      —        —     

Natural gas

   MMBTUs    240      (35   —        —     

Non-hedging commodity options:

             

Oil

   Barrels    1,194      5,070      1,726      11,581   

Oil

   Barrels    1,194      (5,070   1,726      (11,581

Natural gas

   MMBTUs    5,980      4,523      6,970      4,151   

Natural gas

   MMBTUs    5,980      (4,523   6,970      (4,151

Foreign Currency Derivatives. The Corporation enters into foreign currency forward contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments primarily to accommodate the business needs of its customers. Upon the origination of a foreign currency forward contract with a customer, the Corporation simultaneously enters into an offsetting contract with a third party to negate the exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The notional amounts and fair values of open foreign currency forward contracts were not significant at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.

Gains, Losses and Derivative Cash Flows. For fair value hedges, the changes in the fair value of both the derivative hedging instrument and the hedged item are included in other non-interest income or other non-interest expense. The extent that such changes in fair value do not offset represents hedge ineffectiveness. Net cash flows from interest rate swaps on commercial loans/leases designated as hedging instruments in effective hedges of fair value are included in interest income on loans. For cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss due to changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instrument is included in other comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion (indicated by the excess of the cumulative change in the fair value of the derivative over that which is necessary to offset the cumulative change in expected future cash flows on the hedge transaction) is included in other non-interest income or other non-interest expense. Net cash flows from interest rate swaps on variable-rate loans designated as hedging instruments in effective hedges of cash flows are included in interest income on loans. Net cash flows from the interest rate swap on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures designated as a hedging instrument in an effective hedge of cash flows are included in interest expense on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures. Net cash flows from interest rate swaps on FHLB advances designated as hedging instruments in effective hedges of cash flows were included in interest expense on other long-term borrowings. For non-hedging derivative instruments, gains and losses due to changes in fair value and all cash flows are included in other non-interest income and other non-interest expense.

Amounts included in the consolidated statements of income related to interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of fair value were as follows:

 

     Three Months
Ended June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps:

        

Amount of gain (loss) included in interest income on loans

   $ (1,318   $ (1,489   $ (2,734   $ (2,957

Amount of (gain) loss included in other non-interest expense

     (97     394        (91     396   

 

16


Table of Contents

Amounts included in the consolidated statements of income and in other comprehensive income for the period related to interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of cash flows were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
June  30,
    Six Months Ended
June  30,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Interest rate swaps/caps/floors on variable-rate loans:

        

Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest income on loans

   $ 11,033      $ 13,071      $ 21,970      $ 26,023   

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income

     34,959        (48,045     50,731        (50,848

Interest rate swaps on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures:

        

Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     1,084        866        2,195        1,475   

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income

     (3,089     2,994        (5,566     3,042   

Interest rate swaps on FHLB advances:

        

Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense on other long-term borrowings

     —          766        —          1,438   

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income

     —          14,954        —          21,062   

No ineffectiveness related to interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of cash flows was recognized in the consolidated statements of income during the reported periods. The accumulated net after-tax gain related to effective cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive income totaled $88.5 million at June 30, 2010 and $72.0 million at December 31, 2009. The Corporation currently expects approximately $13.0 million of the net after-tax gain related to effective cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive income at June 30, 2010 will be reclassified into earnings during the remainder of 2010. This amount represents management’s best estimate given current expectations about market interest rates. Because actual market interest rates may differ from management’s expectations, there can be no assurance as to the ultimate amount that will be reclassified into earnings during the remainder of 2010.

As stated above, the Corporation enters into non-hedge related derivative positions primarily to accommodate the business needs of its customers. Upon the origination of a derivative contract with a customer, the Corporation simultaneously enters into an offsetting derivative contract with a third party. The Corporation recognizes immediate income based upon the difference in the bid/ask spread of the underlying transactions with its customers and the third party. Because the Corporation acts only as an intermediary for its customer, subsequent changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts for the most part offset each other and do not significantly impact the Corporation’s results of operations.

Amounts included in the consolidated statements of income related to non-hedging interest rate and commodity derivative instruments are presented in the table below. Amounts included in the consolidated statements of income related to foreign currency derivatives during the reported periods were not significant.

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
   Six Months Ended
June 30,
     2010    2009    2010    2009

Non-hedging interest rate derivatives:

           

Other non-interest income

   $ 892    $ 473    $ 1,594    $ 630

Other non-interest expense

     59      83      78      83

Non-hedging commodity derivatives:

           

Other non-interest income

     26      130      46      242

Counterparty Credit Risk. Derivative contracts involve the risk of dealing with both bank customers and institutional derivative counterparties and their ability to meet contractual terms. Institutional counterparties must have an investment grade credit rating and be approved by the Corporation’s Asset/Liability Management Committee. The Corporation’s credit exposure on interest rate swaps is limited to the net favorable value and interest payments of all swaps by each counterparty, while the Corporation’s credit exposure on commodity swaps/options is limited to the net favorable value of all swaps/options by each counterparty. Credit exposure may be reduced by the amount of collateral pledged by the counterparty. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features associated with any of the Corporation’s derivative contracts.

 

17


Table of Contents

The Corporation’s credit exposure relating to interest rate swaps and commodity swaps/options with bank customers was approximately $49.7 million at June 30, 2010. This credit exposure is partly mitigated as transactions with customers are generally secured by the collateral, if any, securing the underlying transaction being hedged. The Corporation had no credit exposure, net of collateral pledged, relating to interest rate swaps and commodity swaps/options with upstream financial institution counterparties at June 30, 2010. Collateral levels for upstream financial institution counterparties are monitored and adjusted as necessary.

The aggregate fair value of securities posted as collateral by the Corporation related to derivative contracts totaled $22.0 million at June 30, 2010. At such date, the Corporation also had $8.8 million in cash collateral on deposit with other financial institution counterparties.

Note 9 - Earnings Per Common Share

Earnings per common share is computed using the two-class method. Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net earnings allocated to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period, excluding outstanding participating securities. Participating securities include non-vested stock awards and deferred stock units, though no actual shares of common stock related to deferred stock units have been issued. Non-vested stock awards and deferred stock units are considered participating securities because holders of these securities receive non-forfeitable dividends at the same rate as holders of the Corporation’s common stock. Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares determined for the basic earnings per common share computation plus the dilutive effect of stock compensation using the treasury stock method.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share.

 

     Three Months Ended
June  30,
   Six Months Ended
June  30,
     2010    2009    2010    2009

Distributed earnings allocated to common stock

   $ 27,181    $ 25,538    $ 52,997    $ 50,397

Undistributed earnings allocated to common stock

     25,512      12,168      47,320      32,113
                           

Net earnings allocated to common stock

   $ 52,693    $ 37,706    $ 100,317    $ 82,510
                           

Weighted-average shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share

     60,365,085      59,330,716      60,169,736      59,260,030

Dilutive effect of stock compensation

     198,599      119,114      195,676      78,055
                           

Weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per common share

     60,563,684      59,449,830      60,365,412      59,338,085
                           

Note 10 - Stock-Based Compensation

A combined summary of activity in the Corporation’s active stock plans is presented in the following table.

 

           Non-Vested Stock
Awards Outstanding
   Stock  Options
Outstanding
     Shares
Available
for Grant
    Number
of Shares
    Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date

Fair Value
   Number of
Shares
    Weighted-
Average

Exercise
Price

Balance, January 1, 2010

   3,445,507      233,200      $ 52.27    4,600,455      $ 51.18

Granted

   (10,030   —          —      5,000        59.69

Stock options exercised

   —        —          —      (490,525     47.24

Stock awards vested

   —        (12,750     52.29    —          —  

Forfeited

   113,875      —          —      (113,875     51.71

Cancelled/expired

   —        —          —      (20,875     57.03
                       

Balance, June 30, 2010

   3,549,352      220,450        52.27    3,980,180        51.63
                       

 

18


Table of Contents

During the second quarter of 2010, the Corporation awarded non-employee directors a total of 5,030 deferred stock units. As of June 30, 2010, 16,515 deferred stock units were outstanding. Upon retirement from the Corporation’s board of directors, non-employee directors will receive one share of the Corporation’s common stock for each deferred stock unit held. The deferred stock units were fully vested upon being awarded and will receive equivalent dividend payments as such dividends are declared on the Corporation’s common stock. During the second quarter of 2010, a total of 1,203 deferred stock units were converted to shares of the Corporation’s common stock in connection with the retirement of a director.

During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, proceeds from stock option exercises totaled $23.2 million and $7.9 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, 328,552 shares issued in connection with stock option exercises were new shares issued from available authorized shares, while 161,973 shares were issued from available treasury stock.

Stock-based compensation expense totaled $3.4 million and $7.1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $3.4 million and $6.4 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period for all awards. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options totaled $18.5 million at June 30, 2010, while unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock awards totaled $4.9 million at June 30, 2010.

Note 11 - Defined Benefit Plans

The components of the combined net periodic cost (benefit) for the Corporation’s qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
June  30,
    Six Months Ended
June  30,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Expected return on plan assets, net of expenses

   $ (2,752   $ (2,281   $ (5,504   $ (4,563

Interest cost on projected benefit obligation

     1,931        1,993        3,862        3,986   

Net amortization and deferral

     729        1,057        1,457        2,115   
                                

Net periodic benefit cost

   $ (92   $ 769      $ (185   $ 1,538   
                                

The Corporation’s non-qualified defined benefit pension plan is not funded. No contributions to the qualified defined benefit pension plan were made during the six months ended June 30, 2010. The Corporation does not expect to make any contributions during the remainder of 2010.

Note 12 - Income Taxes

Income tax expense was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Current income tax expense

   $ 16,637      $ 14,742      $ 30,024      $ 32,337   

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

     (1,013     (3,021     (1,406     (5,202
                                

Income tax expense as reported

   $ 15,624      $ 11,721      $ 28,618      $ 27,135   
                                

Effective tax rate

     22.8     23.6     22.1     24.7
                                

Net deferred tax liabilities totaled $92.2 million at June 30, 2010 and $60.5 million at December 31, 2009. No valuation allowance was recorded against deferred tax assets at June 30, 2010 as management believes that it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized because they were supported by recoverable taxes paid in prior years.

The Corporation files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2006.

 

19


Table of Contents

Note 13 - Operating Segments

The Corporation is managed under a matrix organizational structure whereby significant lines of business, including Banking and the Financial Management Group (FMG), overlap a regional reporting structure. The regions are primarily based upon geographic location and include Austin, Corpus Christi, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, Rio Grande Valley, San Antonio and Statewide. The Corporation is primarily managed based on the line of business structure. In that regard, all regions have the same lines of business, which have the same product and service offerings, have similar types and classes of customers and utilize similar service delivery methods. Pricing guidelines for products and services are the same across all regions. The regional reporting structure is primarily a means to scale the lines of business to provide a local, community focus for customer relations and business development.

The Corporation has two primary operating segments, Banking and FMG, that are delineated by the products and services that each segment offers. The Banking operating segment includes both commercial and consumer banking services, Frost Insurance Agency and Frost Securities, Inc. Commercial banking services are provided to corporations and other business clients and include a wide array of lending and cash management products. Consumer banking services include direct lending and depository services. Frost Insurance Agency provides insurance brokerage services to individuals and businesses covering corporate and personal property and casualty products, as well as group health and life insurance products. Frost Securities, Inc. provides advisory and private equity services to middle market companies. The FMG operating segment includes fee-based services within private trust, retirement services, and financial management services, including personal wealth management and brokerage services. The third operating segment, Non-Banks, is for the most part the parent holding company, as well as certain other insignificant non-bank subsidiaries of the parent that, for the most part, have little or no activity. The parent company’s principal activities include the direct and indirect ownership of the Corporation’s banking and non-banking subsidiaries and the issuance of debt and equity. Its principal source of revenue is dividends from its subsidiaries.

The accounting policies of each reportable segment are the same as those of the Corporation except for the following items, which impact the Banking and FMG segments: (i) expenses for consolidated back-office operations and general overhead-type expenses such as executive administration, accounting and internal audit are allocated to operating segments based on estimated uses of those services, (ii) income tax expense for the individual segments is calculated essentially at the statutory rate, and (iii) the parent company records the tax expense or benefit necessary to reconcile to the consolidated total.

The Corporation uses a match-funded transfer pricing process to assess operating segment performance. The process helps the Corporation to (i) identify the cost or opportunity value of funds within each business segment, (ii) measure the profitability of a particular business segment by relating appropriate costs to revenues, (iii) evaluate each business segment in a manner consistent with its economic impact on consolidated earnings, and (iv) enhance asset and liability pricing decisions.

Summarized operating results by segment were as follows:

 

     Banking    FMG    Non-Banks     Consolidated

Revenues from (expenses to) external customers:

          

Three months ended:

          

June 30, 2010

   $ 191,286    $ 23,210    $ (2,668   $ 211,828

June 30, 2009

     181,576      23,547      (2,653     202,470

Six months ended:

          

June 30, 2010

   $ 380,750    $ 45,620    $ (5,565   $ 420,805

June 30, 2009

     360,282      47,246      (5,562     401,966

Net income (loss):

          

Three months ended:

          

June 30, 2010

   $ 53,089    $ 2,254    $ (2,443   $ 52,900

June 30, 2009

     38,056      2,390      (2,587     37,859

Six months ended:

          

June 30, 2010

   $ 101,852    $ 3,557    $ (4,691   $ 100,718

June 30, 2009

     83,011      4,615      (4,785     82,841

 

20


Table of Contents

Note 14 - Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of an asset or liability is the price that would be received to sell that asset or paid to transfer that liability in an orderly transaction occurring in the principal market (or most advantageous market in the absence of a principal market) for such asset or liability. In estimating fair value, the Corporation utilizes valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach and/or the cost approach. Such valuation techniques are consistently applied. Inputs to valuation techniques include the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

 

   

Level 1 Inputs - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

   

Level 2 Inputs - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit risks, etc.) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

 

   

Level 3 Inputs - Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments may include amounts to reflect counterparty credit quality and the Corporation’s creditworthiness, among other things, as well as unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments are applied consistently over time. The Corporation’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Corporation’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Furthermore, the reported fair value amounts have not been comprehensively revalued since the presentation dates, and therefore, estimates of fair value after the balance sheet date may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein. A more detailed description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value is set forth in the 2009 Form 10-K. Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized on the actual date of the event or circumstances that caused the transfer, which generally coincides with the Corporation’s monthly and/or quarterly valuation process.

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities: The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2010, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:

 

     Level 1
Inputs
   Level 2
Inputs
   Level 3
Inputs
   Total Fair
Value

Securities available for sale:

           

U.S. Treasury

   $ 485,623    $ —      $ —      $ 485,623

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     —        2,306,083      —        2,306,083

States and political subdivisions

     —        1,923,114      —        1,923,114

Other

     —        38,788      —        38,788

Trading account securities:

           

U.S. Treasury

     14,827      —        —        14,827

States and political subdivisions

     —        1,006      —        1,006

Derivative assets:

           

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors

     —        158,279      1,392      159,671

Commodity and foreign exchange derivatives

     9      10,215      —        10,224

Derivative liabilities:

           

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors

     —        73,170      —        73,170

Commodity and foreign exchange derivatives

     —        10,189      —        10,189

 

21


Table of Contents

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of derivative assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2010     2009  

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 945      $ —     

Transfers into Level 3

     —          333   

Cash settlements

     (233     —     

Realized gains included in other non-interest income

     758        —     

Realized losses included in other non-interest expense

     (78     (83
                

Balance, end of period

   $ 1,392      $ 250   
                

Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 include certain impaired loans reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Collateral values are estimated using Level 2 inputs based on observable market data or Level 3 inputs based on customized discounting criteria. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, certain impaired loans were remeasured and reported at fair value through a specific valuation allowance allocation of the allowance for possible loan losses based upon the fair value of the underlying collateral. Impaired loans with a carrying value of $15.7 million were reduced by specific valuation allowance allocations totaling $3.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 to a total reported fair value of $12.7 million based on collateral valuations utilizing Level 2 valuation inputs. Impaired loans with a carrying value of $19.9 million were reduced by specific valuation allowance allocations totaling $6.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 to a total reported fair value of $13.7 million based on collateral valuations utilizing Level 3 valuation inputs. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, certain impaired loans were remeasured and reported at fair value through a specific valuation allowance allocation of the allowance for possible loan losses based upon the fair value of the underlying collateral. Impaired loans with a carrying value of $17.6 million were reduced by specific valuation allowance allocations totaling $5.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009 to a total reported fair value of $12.2 million based on collateral valuations utilizing Level 2 valuation inputs. Impaired loans with a carrying value of $26.5 million were reduced by specific valuation allowance allocations totaling $5.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009 to a total reported fair value of $20.6 million based on collateral valuations utilizing Level 3 valuation inputs.

Non-Financial Assets and Non-Financial Liabilities: Certain non-financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include foreclosed assets (upon initial recognition or subsequent impairment), non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities measured at fair value in the second step of a goodwill impairment test, and intangible assets and other non-financial long-lived assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment.

During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, certain foreclosed assets, upon initial recognition, were remeasured and reported at fair value through a charge-off to the allowance for possible loan losses based upon the fair value of the foreclosed asset. The fair value of a foreclosed asset, upon initial recognition, is estimated using Level 2 inputs based on observable market data or Level 3 inputs based on customized discounting criteria. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, foreclosed assets measured at fair value upon initial recognition totaled $10.8 million (utilizing Level 2 valuation inputs). In connection with the measurement and initial recognition of the foregoing foreclosed assets, the Corporation recognized charge-offs of the allowance for possible loan losses totaling $2.4 million. Foreclosed assets totaling $2.0 million were remeasured at fair value subsequent to initial recognition during the six months ended June 30, 2010. In connection with the remeasurement of these assets, the Corporation recognized losses, included in other non-interest expense, totaling $1.1 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, foreclosed assets measured at fair value upon initial recognition totaled $12.4 million (utilizing Level 2 valuation inputs). In connection with the measurement and initial recognition of the foregoing foreclosed assets, the Corporation recognized charge-offs of the allowance for possible loan losses totaling $3.5 million. Other than foreclosed assets measured at fair value upon initial recognition, no foreclosed assets were remeasured at fair value during the six months ended June 30, 2009.

FASB ASC Topic 825 requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis. A detailed description of the valuation methodologies used in estimating the fair value of financial instruments is set forth in the 2009 Form 10-K.

 

22


Table of Contents

The estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows:

 

     June 30, 2010    December 31, 2009
     Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value

Financial assets:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 2,648,813    $ 2,648,813    $ 1,721,479    $ 1,721,479

Securities

     5,022,436      5,037,848      4,906,498      4,906,639

Loans, net

     7,940,237      7,947,854      8,242,471      8,222,049

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies

     127,579      127,579      125,405      125,405

Interest rate swaps on variable rate loans designated as hedges of cash flows

     107,518      107,518      74,214      74,214

Non-hedging commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps, caps and floors

     52,153      52,153      33,734      33,734

Commodity and foreign exchange derivatives

     10,224      10,224      17,237      17,237

Accrued interest receivable

     67,868      67,868      69,883      69,883

Financial liabilities:

           

Deposits

     13,952,160      13,953,049      13,313,310      13,315,611

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     438,496      438,496      482,048      482,048

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     136,084      136,084      136,084      136,084

Subordinated notes payable and other borrowings

     250,054      255,710      256,562      255,588

Interest rate swap on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures designated as a hedge of cash flows

     10,286      10,286      6,943      6,943

Commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps designated as hedges of fair value

     10,475      10,475      9,453      9,453

Non-hedging commercial loan/lease interest rate swaps, caps and floors

     52,409      52,409      33,912      33,912

Commodity and foreign exchange derivatives

     10,189      10,189      17,200      17,200

Accrued interest payable

     11,003      11,003      13,035      13,035

Note 15 - Accounting Standards Updates

Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2009-16, “Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860) - Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets.” ASU 2009-16 amends prior accounting guidance to enhance reporting about transfers of financial assets, including securitizations, and where companies have continuing exposure to the risks related to transferred financial assets. ASU 2009-16 eliminates the concept of a “qualifying special-purpose entity” and changes the requirements for derecognizing financial assets. ASU 2009-16 also requires additional disclosures about all continuing involvements with transferred financial assets including information about gains and losses resulting from transfers during the period. The provisions of ASU 2009-16 became effective on January 1, 2010 and did not have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

ASU No. 2009-17, “Consolidations (Topic 810) - Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities.” ASU 2009-17 amends prior guidance to change how a company determines when an entity that is insufficiently capitalized or is not controlled through voting (or similar rights) should be consolidated. The determination of whether a company is required to consolidate an entity is based on, among other things, an entity’s purpose and design and a company’s ability to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance. ASU 2009-17 requires additional disclosures about the reporting entity’s involvement with variable-interest entities and any significant changes in risk exposure due to that involvement as well as its affect on the entity’s financial statements. As further discussed below, ASU No. 2010-10, “Consolidations (Topic 810),” deferred the effective date of ASU 2009-17 for a reporting entity’s interests in investment companies. The provisions of ASU 2009-17 became effective on January 1, 2010 and did not have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

ASU No. 2010-06, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820) - Improving Disclosures About Fair Value Measurements.” ASU 2010-06 requires expanded disclosures related to fair value measurements including (i) the amounts of significant transfers of assets or liabilities between Levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy and the reasons for the transfers, (ii) the reasons for transfers of assets or liabilities in or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, with significant transfers disclosed separately, (iii) the policy for determining when transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized and (iv) for recurring fair value measurements of assets and liabilities in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, a gross presentation of information about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements. ASU 2010-06 further clarifies that (i) fair value measurement disclosures should be provided for each class of assets and liabilities (rather than major category), which would

 

23


Table of Contents

generally be a subset of assets or liabilities within a line item in the statement of financial position and (ii) company’s should provide disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements for each class of assets and liabilities included in Levels 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The disclosures related to the gross presentation of purchases, sales, issuances and settlements of assets and liabilities included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy will be required for the Corporation beginning January 1, 2011. The remaining disclosure requirements and clarifications made by ASU 2010-06 became effective for the Corporation on January 1, 2010. See Note 14 – Fair Value Measurements.

ASU No. 2010-10, “Consolidations (Topic 810) - Amendments for Certain Investment Funds.” ASU 2010-10 defers the effective date of the amendments to the consolidation requirements made by ASU 2009-17 to a company’s interest in an entity (i) that has all of the attributes of an investment company, as specified under ASC Topic 946, “Financial Services - Investment Companies,” or (ii) for which it is industry practice to apply measurement principles of financial reporting that are consistent with those in ASC Topic 946. As a result of the deferral, a company will not be required to apply the ASU 2009-17 amendments to the Subtopic 810-10 consolidation requirements to its interest in an entity that meets the criteria to qualify for the deferral. ASU 2010-10 also clarifies that any interest held by a related party should be treated as though it is an entity’s own interest when evaluating the criteria for determining whether such interest represents a variable interest. In addition, ASU 2010-10 also clarifies that a quantitative calculation should not be the sole basis for evaluating whether a decision maker’s or service provider’s fee is a variable interest. The provisions of ASU 2010-10 became effective for the Corporation as of January 1, 2010 and did not have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

ASU No. 2010-11, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Scope Exception Related to Embedded Credit Derivatives.” ASU 2010-11 clarifies that the only form of an embedded credit derivative that is exempt from embedded derivative bifurcation requirements are those that relate to the subordination of one financial instrument to another. As a result, entities that have contracts containing an embedded credit derivative feature in a form other than such subordination may need to separately account for the embedded credit derivative feature. The provisions of ASU 2010-11 will be effective for the Corporation on July 1, 2010 and are not expected to have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

ASU No. 2010-20, “Receivables (Topic 830) - Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses.” ASU 2010-20 requires entities to provide disclosures designed to facilitate financial statement users’ evaluation of (i) the nature of credit risk inherent in the entity’s portfolio of financing receivables, (ii) how that risk is analyzed and assessed in arriving at the allowance for credit losses and (iii) the changes and reasons for those changes in the allowance for credit losses. Disclosures must be disaggregated by portfolio segment, the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses, and class of financing receivable, which is generally a disaggregation of portfolio segment. The required disclosures include, among other things, a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses as well as information about modified, impaired, non-accrual and past due loans and credit quality indicators. ASU 2010-20 will be effective for the Corporation’s financial statements as of December 31, 2010, as it relates to disclosures required as of the end of a reporting period. Disclosures that relate to activity during a reporting period will be required for the Corporation’s financial statements that include periods beginning on or after January 1, 2011.

Note 16 - Subsequent Events

On July 7, 2010, the Corporation redeemed $12.4 million of floating rate (three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 2.65%) junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures, due July 7, 2034, held of record by Summit Bancshares Statutory Trust I (Summit Trust). Concurrently, the $12.0 million of floating rate (three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 2.65%) trust preferred securities issued by Summit Trust were also redeemed.

On July 21, 2010, sweeping financial regulatory reform legislation entitled the “Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act” (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law. Certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act will require the Corporation to deduct, over three years beginning on January 1, 2013, all trust preferred securities from the Corporation’s Tier 1 capital. Nonetheless, excluding trust preferred securities from Tier 1 capital at June 30, 2010 would not affect the Corporation’s ability to meet all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject.

 

24


Table of Contents

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Financial Review

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2009, included in the 2009 Form 10-K. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2010 or any future period.

Dollar amounts in tables are stated in thousands, except for per share amounts.

Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results

Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not statements of historical fact constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”), notwithstanding that such statements are not specifically identified as such. In addition, certain statements may be contained in the Corporation’s future filings with the SEC, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by or with the approval of the Corporation that are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations of Cullen/Frost or its management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products or services; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “expects”, “intends”, “targeted”, “continue”, “remain”, “will”, “should”, “may” and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Local, regional, national and international economic conditions and the impact they may have on the Corporation and its customers and the Corporation’s assessment of that impact.

 

   

Volatility and disruption in national and international financial markets.

 

   

Government intervention in the U.S. financial system.

 

   

Changes in the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs.

 

   

Changes in estimates of future reserve requirements based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements.

 

   

The effects of and changes in trade and monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board.

 

   

Inflation, interest rate, securities market and monetary fluctuations.

 

   

The effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance) with which the Corporation and its subsidiaries must comply.

 

   

Political instability.

 

   

Acts of God or of war or terrorism.

 

   

The timely development and acceptance of new products and services and perceived overall value of these products and services by users.

 

   

Changes in consumer spending, borrowings and savings habits.

 

   

Changes in the financial performance and/or condition of the Corporation’s borrowers.

 

   

Technological changes.

 

   

Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses.

 

   

The ability to increase market share and control expenses.

 

   

Changes in the competitive environment among financial holding companies and other financial service providers.

 

   

The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters.

 

   

Changes in the Corporation’s organization, compensation and benefit plans.

 

   

The costs and effects of legal and regulatory developments including the resolution of legal proceedings or regulatory or other governmental inquiries and the results of regulatory examinations or reviews.

 

   

Greater than expected costs or difficulties related to the integration of new products and lines of business.

 

   

The Corporation’s success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing items.

 

25


Table of Contents

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. The Corporation undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Recent Legislation Impacting the Financial Services Industry

On July 21 2010, sweeping financial regulatory reform legislation entitled the “Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act” (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law. The Dodd-Frank Act implements far-reaching changes across the financial regulatory landscape, including provisions that, among other things, will:

 

   

Centralize responsibility for consumer financial protection by creating a new agency, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, responsible for implementing, examining and enforcing compliance with federal consumer financial laws.

 

   

Restrict the preemption of state law by federal law and disallow subsidiaries and affiliates of national banks, such as Frost Bank, from availing themselves of such preemption.

 

   

Apply the same leverage and risk-based capital requirements that apply to insured depository institutions to most bank holding companies, which, among other things, will require the Corporation to deduct, over three years beginning January 1, 2013, all trust preferred securities from the Corporation’s Tier 1capital.

 

   

Require the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency to seek to make its capital requirements for national banks, such as Frost Bank, countercyclical so that capital requirements increase in times of economic expansion and decrease in times of economic contraction.

 

   

Require financial holding companies, such as Cullen/Frost, to be well-capitalized and well-managed as of July 21, 2011. Bank holding companies and banks must also be both well-capitalized and well-managed in order to acquire banks located outside their home state.

 

   

Change the assessment base for federal deposit insurance from the amount of insured deposits to consolidated assets less tangible capital, eliminate the ceiling on the size of the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) and increase the floor of the size of the DIF, which generally will require an increase in the level of assessments for institutions, such as Frost Bank, with assets in excess of $10 billion.

 

   

Impose comprehensive regulation of the over-the-counter derivatives market, which would include certain provisions that would effectively prohibit insured depository institutions from conducting certain derivatives businesses in the institution itself.

 

   

Implement corporate governance revisions, including with regard to executive compensation and proxy access by shareholders, that apply to all public companies, not just financial institutions.

 

   

Make permanent the $250 thousand limit for federal deposit insurance and increase the cash limit of Securities Investor Protection Corporation protection from $100 thousand to $250 thousand and provide unlimited federal deposit insurance until January 1, 2013 for non-interest bearing demand transaction accounts at all insured depository institutions.

 

   

Repeal the federal prohibitions on the payment of interest on demand deposits, thereby permitting depository institutions to pay interest on business transaction and other accounts.

 

   

Amend the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA) to, among other things, give the Federal Reserve the authority to establish rules regarding interchange fees charged for electronic debit transactions by payment card issuers, such as Frost Bank, having assets over $10 billion and to enforce a new statutory requirement that such fees be reasonable and proportional to the actual cost of a transaction to the issuer.

 

   

Increase the authority of the Federal Reserve to examine Cullen/Frost and its non-bank subsidiaries.

Many aspects of the Dodd-Frank Act are subject to rulemaking and will take effect over several years, making it difficult to anticipate the overall financial impact on the Corporation, its customers or the financial industry more generally. Provisions in the legislation that affect deposit insurance assessments, payment of interest on demand deposits and interchange fees could increase the costs associated with deposits as well as place limitations on certain revenues those deposits may generate. Provisions in the legislation that revoke the Tier 1 capital treatment of trust preferred securities and otherwise require revisions to the capital requirements of the Corporation and Frost Bank could require the Corporation and Frost Bank to seek other sources of capital in the future.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates

The accounting and reporting policies followed by the Corporation conform, in all material respects, to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and to general practices within the financial services industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. While the Corporation bases estimates on historical experience, current information and other factors deemed to be relevant, actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

26


Table of Contents

The Corporation considers accounting estimates to be critical to reported financial results if (i) the accounting estimate requires management to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain and (ii) different estimates that management reasonably could have used for the accounting estimate in the current period, or changes in the accounting estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, could have a material impact on the Corporation’s financial statements. Accounting policies related to the allowance for possible loan losses are considered to be critical, as these policies involve considerable subjective judgment and estimation by management.

For additional information regarding critical accounting policies, refer to Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to consolidated financial statements and the sections captioned “Application of Critical Accounting Policies” and “Allowance for Possible Loan Losses” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the 2009 Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes in the Corporation’s application of critical accounting policies related to the allowance for possible loan losses since December 31, 2009.

Overview

A discussion of the Corporation’s results of operations is presented below. Certain reclassifications have been made to make prior periods comparable. Taxable-equivalent adjustments are the result of increasing income from tax-free loans and securities by an amount equal to the taxes that would be paid if the income were fully taxable based on a 35% federal income tax rate, thus making tax-exempt asset yields comparable to taxable asset yields. Acquisitions are accounted for as purchase transactions, and as such, their related results of operations are included from the date of acquisition.

Results of Operations

Net income totaled $52.9 million, or $0.87 diluted per share, for the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $37.9 million, or $0.63 diluted per share, for the three months ended June 30, 2009 and $47.8 million, or $0.79 diluted per share, for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Net income totaled $100.7 million, or $1.66 diluted per share, for the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $82.8 million, or $1.39 diluted per share, for the six months ended June 30, 2009.

Selected income statement data and other selected data for the comparable periods was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
     June 30,
2010
    March 31,
2010
    June 30,
2009
    June 30,
2010
    June 30,
2009
 

Taxable-equivalent net interest income

   $ 155,054      $ 150,343      $ 144,325      $ 305,397      $ 282,058   

Taxable-equivalent adjustment

     13,158        12,759        9,861        25,917        17,962   
                                        

Net interest income

     141,896        137,584        134,464        279,480        264,096   

Provision for possible loan losses

     8,650        13,571        16,601        22,221        26,202   
                                        

Net interest income after provision for possible loan losses

     133,246        124,013        117,863        257,259        237,894   

Non-interest income

     69,932        71,393        68,006        141,325        137,870   

Non-interest expense

     134,654        134,594        136,289        269,248        265,788   
                                        

Income before income taxes

     68,524        60,812        49,580        129,336        109,976   

Income taxes

     15,624        12,994        11,721        28,618        27,135   
                                        

Net income

   $ 52,900      $ 47,818      $ 37,859      $ 100,718      $ 82,841   
                                        

Earnings per common share - basic

   $ 0.87      $ 0.79      $ 0.64      $ 1.67      $ 1.39   

Earnings per common share - diluted

     0.87        0.79        0.63        1.66        1.39   

Dividends per common share

     0.45        0.43        0.43        0.88        0.85   

Return on average assets

     1.26     1.17     0.98     1.22     1.10

Return on average equity

     10.67        10.07        8.35        10.38        9.32   

Average shareholder’s equity to average total assets

     11.79        11.65        11.72        11.72        11.79   

 

27


Table of Contents

Net income increased $15.0 million, or 39.7%, for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and increased $17.9 million, or 21.6%, for six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily the result of an $8.0 million decrease in the provision for possible loan losses, a $7.4 million increase in net interest income, a $1.9 million increase in non-interest income and a $1.6 million decrease in non-interest expense partly offset by a $3.9 million increase in income tax expense. The increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily the result of a $15.4 million increase in net interest income, a $4.0 million decrease in the provision for possible loan losses and a $3.5 million increase in non-interest income partly offset by a $3.5 million increase in non-interest expense and a $1.5 million increase in income tax expense.

Net income for the second quarter of 2010 increased $5.1 million, or 10.6%, from the first quarter of 2010. The increase was primarily the result of a $4.9 million decrease in the provision for possible loan losses and a $4.3 million increase in net interest income partly offset by a $2.6 million increase in income tax expense and a $1.5 million decrease in non-interest income.

Details of the changes in the various components of net income are further discussed below.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between interest income on earning assets, such as loans and securities, and interest expense on liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings, which are used to fund those assets. Net interest income is the Corporation’s largest source of revenue, representing 66.4% of total revenue during the first six months of 2010. Net interest margin is the ratio of taxable-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets for the period. The level of interest rates and the volume and mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities impact net interest income and net interest margin.

The Federal Reserve Board influences the general market rates of interest, including the deposit and loan rates offered by many financial institutions. The Corporation’s loan portfolio is significantly affected by changes in the prime interest rate. The prime interest rate, which is the rate offered on loans to borrowers with strong credit, remained at 3.25% for the entire year in 2009 and through the second quarter of 2010. The Corporation’s loan portfolio is also impacted, to a lesser extent, by changes in the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). At June 30, 2010, the one-month and three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR rates were 0.35% and 0.53%, respectively, while at June 30, 2009, the one-month and three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR rates were 0.31% and 0.60%, respectively. The intended federal funds rate, which is the cost of immediately available overnight funds, remained at zero to 0.25% for the entire year in 2009 and through the second quarter of 2010. The Corporation currently believes it is reasonably possible these interest rates will remain at the current, historically-low levels for the foreseeable future; however, there can be no assurance to that effect or as to the magnitude of any change in market interest rates should a change occur, as such changes are dependent upon a variety of factors that are beyond the Corporation’s control.

The Corporation’s balance sheet has historically been asset sensitive, meaning that earning assets generally reprice more quickly than interest-bearing liabilities. Therefore, the Corporation’s net interest margin was likely to increase in sustained periods of rising interest rates and decrease in sustained periods of declining interest rates. In an effort to make the Corporation’s balance sheet less sensitive to changes in interest rates, the Corporation entered into various interest rate swaps which effectively convert certain floating rate loans and borrowings into fixed rate instruments for a period of time. See Note 8 - Derivative Financial Instruments in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for additional information related to these interest rate swaps. As a result, the Corporation’s balance sheet is more interest-rate neutral and changes in interest rates are expected to have a less significant impact on the Corporation’s net interest margin than would have otherwise been the case. The Corporation is primarily funded by core deposits, with non-interest-bearing demand deposits historically being a significant source of funds. This lower-cost funding base is expected to have a positive impact on the Corporation’s net interest income and net interest margin in a rising interest rate environment. As stated previously in the section captioned “Recent Legislation Impacting the Financial Services Industry,” the Dodd-Frank Act repealed the federal prohibitions on the payment of interest on demand deposits, thereby permitting depository institutions to pay interest on business transaction and other accounts beginning July 21, 2011. Although the ultimate impact of this legislation on the Corporation has not yet been determined, the Corporation expects interest costs associated with demand deposits to increase. Further analysis of the components of the Corporation’s net interest margin is presented below.

 

28


Table of Contents

The following table presents the changes in taxable-equivalent net interest income and identifies the changes due to differences in the average volume of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the changes due to changes in the average interest rate on those assets and liabilities. The changes in net interest income due to changes in both average volume and average interest rate have been allocated to the average volume change or average interest rate change in proportion to the absolute amounts of the change in each. The comparisons between the quarters include an additional change factor that shows the effect of the difference in the number of days in each period, as further discussed below.

 

     Second Quarter
2010 vs.

Second Quarter
2009
    Second Quarter
2010 vs.

First Quarter
2010
    First Six Months
2010 vs.

First Six Months
2009
 

Due to changes in average volumes

   $ 14,206      $ 3,424      $ 25,163   

Due to changes in average interest rates

     (3,477     (417     (1,824

Due to difference in the number days in each of the comparable periods

     —          1,704        —     
                        

Total change

   $ 10,729      $ 4,711      $ 23,339   
                        

Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2010 increased $10.7 million, or 7.4%, while taxable-equivalent net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $23.3 million, or 8.3%, compared to the same periods in 2009, respectively. The increases primarily resulted from increases in the average volume of interest-earning assets partly offset by decreases in the net interest margin. The average volume of interest-earning assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $1.4 billion and $1.6 billion compared to the same periods in 2009. The net interest margin decreased 10 basis points from 4.28% during the three months ended June 30, 2009 to 4.18% during the three months ended June 30, 2010 and decreased 12 basis points from 4.30% during the six months ended June 30, 2009 to 4.18% during the six months ended June 30, 2010. These decreases in the net interest margin were partly due to an increase in the relative proportion of funds invested in lower yielding interest-bearing deposits during 2010 compared to 2009, as further discussed below.

Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the second quarter of 2010 increased $4.7 million, or 3.1%, from the first quarter of 2010. The increase primarily resulted from an increase in the average volume of interest-earning assets. The average volume of interest-earning assets for the second quarter of 2010 increased $406.1 million compared to the first quarter of 2010. Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the second quarter of 2010 was also impacted by an increase in the number of days compared to the first quarter of 2010. Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the first quarter of 2010 included 90 days compared to 91 days for the second quarter of 2010. The additional day added approximately $1.7 million to taxable-equivalent net interest income during the second quarter of 2010. Excluding the impact of the additional day during the second quarter of 2010 results in an effective increase in taxable-equivalent net interest income of approximately $3.0 million during the second quarter of 2010 which was primarily related to the aforementioned increase in average interest-earning assets. The net interest margin decreased 1 basis points from 4.19% in the first quarter of 2010 to 4.18% in the second quarter of 2010. The decrease in the net interest margin was partly due to an increase in the relative proportion of funds invested in lower yielding interest-bearing deposits during the second quarter.

The average yield on interest-earning assets is primarily impacted by changes in market interest rates as well as changes in the volume and relative mix of interest-earning assets. The average yield on interest-earning assets decreased 47 basis points from 5.03% during the first six months of 2009 to 4.56% during the first six months of 2010. The average volume of loans decreased $590.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. Loans made up approximately 55.1% of average interest-earning assets during the first six months of 2010 compared to 66.2% during the first six months of 2009. The average yield on loans was 5.10% during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to 5.05% during the six months ended June 30, 2009. The average volume of securities increased $1.0 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. Securities made up approximately 33.6% of average interest-earning assets during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to 30.1% during the six months ended June 30, 2009. The average yield on securities was 5.16% during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to 5.57% during the six months ended June 30, 2009. The decrease in the average yield on securities during 2010 compared to 2009 was partly related to the reinvestment of proceeds from maturities and principal repayments at lower yields as a result of decreases in market interest rates. The Corporation had a larger proportion of securities invested in higher-yielding tax-exempt securities during 2010 compared to 2009, the impact of which partly offset the effect of the decrease in yield on taxable securities on the average yield on total securities. Average federal funds sold, resell agreements and interest-bearing deposits during the six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $1.2 billion compared to the same period a year ago. Federal funds sold, resell agreements and interest-bearing deposits made up approximately 11.3% of average interest-earning assets during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to 3.7% during the same period in 2009. The combined average yield on federal funds sold, resell agreements and interest-bearing deposits was 0.22% during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to 0.29% during the same period a year ago. The increases in federal funds sold, resell agreements and interest-bearing deposits compared to the comparable periods in 2009 were primarily due to significant deposit growth, as further discussed below.

 

29


Table of Contents

The average cost of funds is primarily impacted by changes in market interest rates as well as changes in the volume and relative mix of interest-bearing liabilities. The average cost of funds decreased 47 basis points from 1.05% during the first six months of 2009 to 0.58% during the first six months of 2010. Average deposits increased $1.8 billion during the first six months of 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. Average interest-bearing deposits for the first six months of 2010 increased $1.1 billion compared to the same period in 2009. The ratio of average interest-bearing deposits to total average deposits was 64.9% during the first six months of 2010 compared to 65.7% during the same period in 2009. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits and total deposits was 0.36% and 0.24% during the first six months of 2010 compared to 0.81% and 0.54% during the first six months of 2009. The decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing deposits was primarily the result of decreases in interest rates offered on certain deposit products and decreases in renewal interest rates on maturing certificates of deposit.

The Corporation’s net interest spread, which represents the difference between the average rate earned on earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, was 3.98% during both the first six months of 2010 and the first six months of 2009. The net interest spread, as well as the net interest margin, will be impacted by future changes in short-term and long-term interest rate levels, as well as the impact from the competitive environment. A discussion of the effects of changing interest rates on net interest income is set forth in Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included elsewhere in this report.

The Corporation’s hedging policies permit the use of various derivative financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, swaptions, caps and floors, to manage exposure to changes in interest rates. Details of the Corporation’s derivatives and hedging activities are set forth in Note 8 - Derivative Financial Instruments in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. Information regarding the impact of fluctuations in interest rates on the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments is set forth in Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included elsewhere in this report.

Provision for Possible Loan Losses

The provision for possible loan losses is determined by management as the amount to be added to the allowance for possible loan losses after net charge-offs have been deducted to bring the allowance to a level which, in management’s best estimate, is necessary to absorb probable losses within the existing loan portfolio. The provision for possible loan losses totaled $8.7 million and $22.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $16.6 million and $26.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. See the section captioned “Allowance for Possible Loan Losses” elsewhere in this discussion for further analysis of the provision for possible loan losses.

Non-Interest Income

The components of non-interest income were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended    Six Months Ended
     June 30,
2010
   March 31,
2010
   June 30,
2009
   June 30,
2010
   June 30,
2009

Trust fees

   $ 17,037    $ 16,963    $ 16,875    $ 34,000    $ 32,844

Service charges on deposit accounts

     24,925      24,809      25,152      49,734      50,062

Insurance commissions and fees

     7,512      11,138      7,106      18,650      17,857

Other charges, commissions and fees

     8,029      6,919      6,288      14,948      13,050

Net gain (loss) on securities transactions

     1      5      49      6      49

Other

     12,428      11,559      12,536      23,987      24,008
                                  

Total

   $ 69,932    $ 71,393    $ 68,006    $ 141,325    $ 137,870
                                  

Total non-interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $1.9 million, or 2.8%, and $3.5 million, or 2.5%, compared to the same periods in 2009. Total non-interest income for the second quarter of 2010 decreased $1.5 million, or 2.0%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. Changes in the components of non-interest income are discussed below.

Trust Fees. Trust fee income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $162 thousand, or 1.0%, and $1.2 million, or 3.5%, compared to the same periods in 2009. Investment fees are the most significant component of trust fees, making up approximately 73% and 70% of total trust fees for the first six months of 2010 and 2009, respectively. Investment and other custodial account fees are generally based on the market value of assets within a trust account. Volatility in the equity and bond markets impacts the market value of trust assets and the related investment fees.

 

30


Table of Contents

The increase in trust fee income during the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 was primarily the result of increases in oil and gas trust management fees (up $187 thousand), real estate fees (up $186 thousand) and estate fees (up $119 thousand). These increases were partially offset by a decrease in securities lending income (down $203 thousand). The increase in trust fee income during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 was primarily the result of an increase in investment fees (up $1.9 million) partially offset by a decrease in securities lending income (down $770 thousand). The increase in investment fees was primarily due to the general appreciation in the market values of assets in trust accounts on which these fees are generally based. Equity valuations during the first six months of 2010 have been higher on average compared to the first six months of 2009, recovering somewhat from the market correction in equity valuations which began in the latter part of 2008 and reached its lowest levels during the first quarter of 2009. The decrease in securities lending income during 2010 was primarily related to a decrease in transaction spreads.

Trust fee income for the second quarter of 2010 did not significantly fluctuate compared to the first quarter of 2010. A seasonal increase in tax fees (up $592 thousand) as well as increases in oil and gas fees (up $326 thousand), securities lending income (up $160 thousand) and real estate fees (up $106 thousand) were mostly offset by a decrease in investment fees (down $1.1 million), which was primarily related to a pull-back in the market during the second quarter of 2010.

At June 30, 2010, trust assets, including both managed assets and custody assets, were primarily composed of fixed income securities (47.2% of trust assets), equity securities (36.1% of trust assets) and cash equivalents (9.4% of trust assets). The estimated fair value of trust assets was $22.2 billion (including managed assets of $9.6 billion and custody assets of $12.6 billion) at June 30, 2010, compared to $22.7 billion (including managed assets of $10.4 billion and custody assets of $12.3 billion) at December 31, 2009 and $21.7 billion (including managed assets of $9.5 billion and custody assets of $12.2 billion) at June 30, 2009.

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts. Service charges on deposit accounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $227 thousand, or 0.9%, and $328 thousand, or 0.7%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The decrease during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to decreases in service charges on commercial accounts (down $455 thousand) and in overdraft/insufficient funds charges on both consumer and commercial accounts (down $122 thousand). These decreases were mostly offset by an increase in point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions (up $422 thousand). The decrease in service charges on deposit accounts during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was due to a decrease in service charges on commercial accounts (down $1.2 million), partly offset by increases in point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions (up $686 thousand) and overdraft/insufficient funds charges on both consumer and commercial accounts (up $311 thousand). The decrease in service charges on commercial accounts during 2010 was partly related to a decrease in service volumes for billable services. The increase in point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions during 2010 was partly related to an increase in the interchange pricing structure and, to a lesser extent, an increase in the volume of transactions.

Service charges on deposit accounts for the second quarter of 2010 increased $116 thousand, or 0.5%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. The increase was due to increases in overdraft/insufficient funds charges on both consumer and commercial accounts (up $411 thousand) and point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions (up $338 thousand) partly offset by a decrease in service charges on commercial accounts (down $494 thousand).

Overdraft/insufficient funds charges totaled $10.0 million ($7.9 million consumer and $2.1 million commercial) during the second quarter of 2010 compared to $10.1 million ($8.1 million consumer and $2.0 million commercial) during the second quarter of 2009 and $9.6 million ($7.5 million consumer and $2.1 million commercial) during the first quarter of 2010. Overdraft/insufficient funds charges totaled $19.6 million ($15.3 million consumer and $4.3 million commercial) during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $19.3 million ($15.3 million consumer and $4.0 million commercial) during the six months ended June 30, 2009. In November 2009, the Federal Reserve Board issued a final rule that, effective July 1, 2010, prohibits financial institutions from charging consumers fees for paying overdrafts on automated teller machine and one-time debit card transactions, unless a consumer consents, or opts in, to the overdraft service for those types of transactions. Consumers must be provided a notice that explains the financial institution’s overdraft services, including the fees associated with the service, and the consumer’s choices. The Corporation cannot provide any assurance as to the ultimate impact of this rule on the amount of overdraft/insufficient funds charges reported in future periods.

The Corporation had point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions totaling $2.7 million and $2.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. As stated previously in the section captioned “Recent Legislation Impacting the Financial Services Industry,” the Dodd-Frank Act amended the EFTA to, among other things, give the Federal Reserve the authority to establish rules regarding interchange fees charged for electronic debit transactions by payment card

 

31


Table of Contents

issuers, such as Frost Bank. Because of the uncertainty as to any future rulemaking by the Federal Reserve, the Corporation cannot provide any assurance as to the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act on the amount of point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions reported in future periods. Also see the discussion regarding income from Visa check card usage below under “Other Non-Interest Income.”

Insurance Commissions and Fees. Insurance commissions and fees for the three months ended June 30, 2010 increased $406 thousand, or 5.7%, compared to the same period in 2009. The increase is related to an increase in contingent commissions (up $436 thousand). Insurance commissions and fees for the six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $793 thousand, or 4.4%, compared to the same period in 2009. The increase is related to an increase in commission income (up $1.1 million) partly offset by a decrease in contingent commissions (down $308 thousand). The increase in commission income was partly due to normal variation in the timing of renewals and the market demand for insurance products. The increase was also partly related to additional revenue from insurance agencies acquired during the first and third quarters of 2009.

Insurance commissions and fees include contingent commissions totaling $656 thousand and $3.2 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $220 thousand and $3.5 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Contingent commissions primarily consist of amounts received from various property and casualty insurance carriers related to the loss performance of insurance policies previously placed. Such commissions are seasonal in nature and are generally received during the first quarter of each year. These commissions totaled $2.4 million and $2.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. Contingent commissions also include amounts received from various benefit plan insurance companies related to the volume of business generated and/or the subsequent retention of such business. These commissions totaled $571 thousand and $820 thousand during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $209 thousand and $740 thousand during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Insurance commissions and fees for the second quarter of 2010 decreased $3.6 million, or 32.6%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. The decrease was partly due to the seasonal decrease in contingent commissions (down $1.9 million) received from various insurance carriers related to the performance of insurance policies previously placed. The decrease was also partly related to a decrease in commission income (down $1.7 million) compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to normal variation in the timing of renewals and in the market demand for insurance products.

Other Charges, Commissions and Fees. Other charges, commissions and fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $1.7 million, or 27.7%, and $1.9 million, or 14.5%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to an increase in commission income related to the sale of mutual funds (up $591 thousand), mutual fund management fees (up $328 thousand), investment banking fees related to corporate advisory services (up $297 thousand) and unused balance fees on loan commitments (up $256 thousand). These increases were partly offset by a decrease in commission income related to the sale of money market accounts (down $256 thousand). The increase in other charges, commissions and fees during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in commission income related to the sale of mutual funds (up $1.1 million), mutual fund management fees (up $732 thousand) and unused balance fees on loan commitments (up $512 thousand), investment banking fees related to corporate advisory services (up $364 thousand) and fees related to accounts receivable factoring (up $318 thousand). These increases were partly offset by a decrease in commission income related to the sale of money market accounts (down $938 thousand). The increase in commission income related to the sale of mutual funds and the concurrent decrease in commission income related to the sale of money market accounts reflects the apparent increased willingness of customers to invest in equities as market conditions have improved. The decrease in commission income related to the sale of money market accounts was also partly related to lower marketing fees paid by fund companies. Investment banking fees related to corporate advisory services are transaction based and can vary significantly from quarter to quarter.

Other charges, commissions and fees for the second quarter of 2010 increased $1.1 million, or 16.0%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. The increase was primarily due to increases in investment banking fees related to corporate advisory services (up $229 thousand) and commission income related to the sale of mutual funds (up $224 thousand) as well as increases in various other categories of other charges, commissions and fees.

Net Gain/Loss on Securities Transactions. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the Corporation sold available-for-sale securities with an amortized cost totaling $10.0 billion and realized a net gain of $6 thousand on those sales. These securities were purchased during the first quarter and second quarters of 2010 and subsequently sold in connection with certain tax planning strategies. The Corporation sold available-for-sale securities with an amortized cost totaling $9.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009. The Corporation realized a net gain of $49 thousand on those sales.

Other Non-Interest Income. Other non-interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2010 did not significantly fluctuate compared to the same period in 2009. Components of other non-interest income with significant increases included income from Visa check card usage (up $699 thousand) and income from securities trading and customer derivative

 

32


Table of Contents

activities, primarily interest rate swap transaction fees, (up $184 thousand). These increases were offset by decreases in gains on the sale of assets/foreclosed assets (down $303 thousand), earnings on the cash surrender value of life insurance policies (down $235 thousand) and lease rental income (down $209 thousand), as well as decreases in various other categories of other non-interest income.

Other non-interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2010 did not significantly fluctuate compared to the same period in 2009. Components of other non-interest income with significant increases included income from Visa check card usage (up $1.2 million), income from securities trading and customer derivative activities, primarily interest rate swap transaction fees, (up $774 thousand) and gains on the sales of student loans (up $114 thousand). These increases were offset by decreases in sundry income from various miscellaneous items (down $473 thousand), lease rental income (down $454 thousand), earnings on the cash surrender value of life insurance policies (down $412 thousand), gains on the sale of assets/foreclosed assets (down $368 thousand) and income from municipal bond underwriting discounts/fees (down $323 thousand), as well as decreases in various other categories of other non-interest income.

Other non-interest income for the second quarter of 2010 increased $869 thousand, or 7.5%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. Contributing to the increase were increases in income from Visa check card usage (up $438 thousand), mineral interest income (up $246 thousand), income from municipal bond underwriting discounts/fees (up $150 thousand), sundry income from various miscellaneous items (up $137 thousand) and income from securities trading and customer derivative activities, primarily interest rate swap transaction fees, (up $129 thousand). These increases were partly offset by a decrease in gains on the sale of student loans (down $174 thousand) and gains on the sale of assets/foreclosed assets (down $79 thousand).

The Corporation had income from Visa check card usage totaling $10.2 million and $9.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. As stated previously in the section captioned “Recent Legislation Impacting the Financial Services Industry,” the Dodd-Frank Act amended the EFTA to, among other things, give the Federal Reserve the authority to establish rules regarding interchange fees charged for electronic debit transactions by payment card issuers, such as Frost Bank. Because of the uncertainty as to any future rulemaking by the Federal Reserve, the Corporation cannot provide any assurance as to the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act on the amount of income from Visa check card usage reported in future periods. Also see the discussion regarding point of sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions above under “Service Charges on Deposit Accounts.”

Non-Interest Expense

The components of non-interest expense were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended    Six Months Ended
     June 30,    March 31,    June 30,    June 30,    June 30,
     2010    2010    2009    2010    2009

Salaries and wages

   $ 58,827    $ 60,275    $ 56,540    $ 119,102    $ 113,316

Employee benefits

     12,675      14,521      13,783      27,196      29,023

Net occupancy

     11,637      11,135      10,864      22,772      21,554

Furniture and equipment

     11,662      11,489      10,662      23,151      21,025

Deposit insurance

     5,429      5,443      11,667      10,872      16,043

Intangible amortization

     1,299      1,333      1,719      2,632      3,500

Other

     33,125      30,398      31,054      63,523      61,327
                                  

Total

   $ 134,654    $ 134,594    $ 136,289    $ 269,248    $ 265,788
                                  

Total non-interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $1.6 million, or 1.2%, and increased $3.5 million, or 1.3%, compared to the same periods in 2009. Total non-interest expense for the second quarter of 2010 did not significantly fluctuate compared to the first quarter of 2010. Changes in the components of non-interest expense are discussed below.

Salaries and Wages. Salaries and wages for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $2.3 million, or 4.0%, and $5.8 million, or 5.1%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to an increase in incentive compensation partly offset by a decrease in headcount. The increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in incentive compensation, normal annual merit increases and an increase in stock-based compensation expense partly offset by a decrease in headcount. Salaries and wages expense for the second quarter of 2010 decreased $1.4 million, or 2.4%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. The decrease from the first quarter of 2010 was primarily related to a decrease in commissions resulting from decreased insurance revenues, an increase in cost deferrals related to lending activity and a decrease in stock-based compensation expense partly resulting from the forfeiture of certain awards.

Employee Benefits. Employee benefits expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $1.1 million, or 8.0%, and $1.8 million, or 6.3%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The decrease during the three months ended June 30,

 

33


Table of Contents

2010 was primarily related to decreases in expenses related to the Corporation’s defined benefit retirement plan (down $862 thousand) and expenses related to the Corporation’s 401(k) and profit sharing plans (down $519 thousand) partly offset by an increase in medical insurance expense (up $129 thousand). The decrease during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to decreases in expenses related to the Corporation’s defined benefit retirement plan (down $1.7 million) and expenses related to the Corporation’s 401(k) and profit sharing plans (down $632 thousand). These decreases were partly offset by increases in medical insurance expense (up $321 thousand) and payroll taxes (up $256 thousand).

Employee benefits expense for the second quarter of 2010 decreased $1.8 million, or 12.7%, compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to decreases in payroll taxes (down $1.3 million) and expenses related to the Corporation’s 401(k) and profit sharing plans (down $571 thousand). The Corporation generally experiences higher payroll taxes and 401(k) plan contribution matching expense during the first quarter of each year due to the increased payroll related to annual incentive compensation payments.

The Corporation’s defined benefit retirement and restoration plans were frozen effective as of December 31, 2001 and were replaced by a profit sharing plan. Management believes these actions helped to reduce the volatility in retirement plan expense. However, the Corporation still has funding obligations related to the defined benefit and restoration plans and could recognize retirement expense related to these plans in future years, which would be dependent on the return earned on plan assets, the level of interest rates and employee turnover. The decrease in expense related to the Corporation’s defined benefit retirement plan during 2010 compared to 2009 was partly related to a higher than expected return on plan assets during 2009.

Net Occupancy. Net occupancy expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $773 thousand, or 7.1%, and $1.2 million, or 5.7%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in building depreciation (up $527 thousand), property taxes (up $385 thousand) and service contracts expense (up $185 thousand). Offsetting the increases in the aforementioned items were decreases in depreciation on leasehold improvements (down $302 thousand) and lease expense (down $221 thousand). The increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in building depreciation (up $962 thousand), property taxes (up $725 thousand), service contracts expense (up $285 thousand) and repairs expense (up $201 thousand). Offsetting the increases in the aforementioned items were decreases in depreciation on leasehold improvements (down $608 thousand) and lease expense (down $386 thousand). The increases in building depreciation and property taxes were partly related to a new technology operations center placed into service during the first quarter of 2010. The decrease in depreciation on leasehold improvements during 2010 resulted as certain leasehold improvements were fully depreciated in 2009. Net occupancy expense for the second quarter of 2010 increased $502 thousand, or 4.5%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. The increase was primarily related to a decrease in rental income (down $257 thousand) as well as increases in building depreciation (up $96 thousand) and service contracts expense (up $84 thousand).

Furniture and Equipment. Furniture and equipment expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $1.0 million, or 9.4%, and $2.1 million, or 10.1%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in software amortization (up $445 thousand), equipment rental (up $352 thousand) and software maintenance (up $207 thousand). The increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in software amortization (up $964 thousand), equipment rental (up $785 thousand) and software maintenance (up $361 thousand). The increases in software amortization and maintenance were primarily related to new applications placed into service in 2009 and 2010. The increase in equipment rental during 2010 was related to new equipment leases associated with the aforementioned new technology operations center. Furniture and equipment expense for the second quarter of 2010 increased $173 thousand, or 1.5%, compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in depreciation expense related to furniture and fixtures (up $151 thousand), software amortization (up $93 thousand) and software maintenance (up $87 thousand) partly offset by a decrease in service contract expense (down $173 thousand).

Deposit Insurance. Deposit insurance expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $6.2 million and $5.2 million compared to the same periods in 2009. Deposit insurance expense during the second quarter of 2009 included a non-recurring $7.3 million accrual related to a special assessment applied to all insured depository institutions as of June 30, 2009. The special assessment was part of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (FDIC) efforts to rebuild the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF). Excluding the impact of the special assessment, deposit insurance expense increased $1.0 million and $2.1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009. These effective increases were primarily related to deposit growth. Average deposits during the first six months of 2010 totaled $13.6 billion compared to $11.8 billion during the same period in 2009.

In November 2009, the FDIC issued a rule that required all insured depository institutions, with limited exceptions, to prepay their estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011 and 2012. The FDIC also adopted a uniform three-basis point increase in assessment rates effective on January 1, 2011. As of June 30, 2010, $52.5 million in pre-paid deposit insurance is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

 

34


Table of Contents

In April 2010, the FDIC approved an interim rule (finalized in June 2010) that extended the Transaction Account Guarantee (TAG) component of the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program through December 31, 2010, beyond the scheduled expiration date of June 30, 2010. The TAG program provides full coverage for non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts, certain Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (NOW) accounts and Interest on Lawyers Trust accounts. Participants in the TAG program had a one-time, irrevocable opportunity to opt out of the TAG extension by notifying the FDIC before April 30, 2010. The Corporation opted out of the TAG extension on April 26, 2010. Accordingly, effective July 1, 2010, the standard insurance amount will be in effect for the Corporation’s deposit accounts.

In April 2010, the FDIC also issued a notice of proposed rulemaking to revise the deposit insurance assessment system for large institutions. The FDIC proposes to create a two scorecard system, one for most institutions, including Frost Bank, that have more than $10 billion in assets and another for “highly complex” institutions that have over $50 billion in assets and are fully owned by a parent with over $500 billion in assets. Each scorecard would have a performance score and a loss-severity score that would be combined to produce a total score, which would be translated into an initial assessment rate. In calculating these scores, the FDIC would continue to utilize CAMELS ratings, would introduce certain new financial measures, and would eliminate the use of risk categories and long-term debt issuer ratings. In determining the initial base assessment rate, the FDIC would have the ability to adjust each component of the scorecard where necessary, based upon quantitative or qualitative measures not adequately captured in the scorecard, to produce accurate relative risk rankings. For large institutions, including the Corporation, the initial base assessment rate would range from 10 to 50 basis points on an annualized basis (basis points representing cents per $100 of assessable deposits). The proposed rule would allow for adjustments to an institution’s initial base assessment rate as a result of certain long-term unsecured debt (-5 to zero basis points), certain secured liabilities (zero to 25 basis points) and brokered deposits (zero to 10 basis points). After the effect of potential base-rate adjustments, the total base assessment rate could range from 5 to 85 basis points on an annualized basis. The final rule related to this proposal is expected to be effective January 1, 2011. The Corporation cannot provide any assurance as to the effect of any proposed change in its deposit insurance premium rate, should such a change occur, as such changes are dependent upon a variety of factors, some of which are beyond the Corporation’s control.

The Dodd-Frank Act requires the FDIC to revise the deposit insurance assessment system to base assessments on the average total consolidated assets of insured depository institutions during the assessment period, less the average tangible equity of the institution during the assessment period. Currently, only deposits payable in the United States are included in determining the premium paid by an institution. The Dodd-Frank Act also eliminates the ceiling on the size of the DIF and increases the floor of the size of the DIF, which will require a general increase in the level of assessments for institutions, such as Frost Bank, with assets in excess of $10 billion. It is currently uncertain whether the changes proposed in the FDIC’s April 2010 notice of proposed rulemaking, described above, will be maintained by the FDIC after adopting them to the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act.

Intangible Amortization. Intangible amortization is primarily related to core deposit intangibles and, to a lesser extent, intangibles related to customer relationships and non-compete agreements. Intangible amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $420 thousand, or 24.4% and $868 thousand, or 24.8% compared to the same periods in 2009. The decrease in amortization expense in 2010 is primarily the result of the completion of amortization of certain intangible assets, as well as a reduction in the annual amortization rate of certain intangible assets as the Corporation uses an accelerated amortization approach which results in higher amortization rates during the earlier years of the useful lives of intangible assets. Intangible amortization expense during the second quarter of 2010 did not significantly fluctuate compared to the first quarter of 2010.

Other Non-Interest Expense. Other non-interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $2.1 million, or 6.7%, and $2.2 million, or 3.6%, compared to the same periods in 2009. Significant components of the increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 included sundry expense from miscellaneous items (up $1.7 million), losses on the sale/write-down of foreclosed assets (up $1.4 million), Visa check card expense (up $553 thousand), messenger services expense (up $286 thousand) and sub-advisor investment management fees related to Frost Investment Advisors, LLC (up $259 thousand). These increases were partly offset by decreases in armored motor services expense (down $582 thousand), losses on ineffective hedges (down $575 thousand), decreases in advertising/promotions expenses (down $526 thousand) and amortization of net deferred costs related to loan commitments (down $467 thousand). Sundry expense from miscellaneous items during the second quarter of 2010 included several one-time charges for various write-offs, losses and refunds, which contributed to the increase in 2010. The implementation of remote check image capture at the Corporation’s branches has reduced the need for armored motor services. The Corporation now utilizes more cost effective messenger services.

 

35


Table of Contents

Significant components of the increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 included losses on the sale/write-down of foreclosed assets (up $3.2 million), sundry expense from miscellaneous items (up $1.6 million), messenger services expense (up $581 thousand), sub-advisor investment management fees related to Frost Investment Advisors, LLC (up $572 thousand) and Visa check card expense (up $549 thousand). These increases were partly offset by decreases in armored motor services expense (down $1.2 million), outside computer services expense (down $919 thousand), amortization of net deferred costs related to loan commitments (down $833 thousand), Federal Reserve service charges (down $610 thousand) and losses on ineffective hedges (down $571 thousand).

Total other non-interest expense for the second quarter of 2010 increased $2.7 million, or 9.0%, compared to the first quarter of 2010. Significant components of the increase included increases in sundry expense from miscellaneous items (up $1.8 million), Visa check card expense (up $420 thousand), travel expense (up $333 thousand) and advertising/promotions expense (up $324 thousand). These increases were partly offset by decreases in losses on the sale/write-down of foreclosed assets (down $712 thousand), amortization of net deferred costs related to loan commitments (down $258 thousand), professional services expense (down $220 thousand) and Federal Reserve service charges (down $182 thousand).

Results of Segment Operations

The Corporation’s operations are managed along two operating segments: Banking and the Financial Management Group (FMG). A description of each business and the methodologies used to measure financial performance is described in Note 13 - Operating Segments in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. Net income (loss) by operating segment is presented below:

 

     Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
     June 30,     March 31,     June 30,     June 30,     June 30,  
     2010     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Banking

   $ 53,089      $ 48,763      $ 38,056      $ 101,852      $ 83,011   

Financial Management Group

     2,254        1,303        2,390        3,557        4,615   

Non-Banks

     (2,443     (2,248     (2,587     (4,691     (4,785
                                        

Consolidated net income

   $ 52,900      $ 47,818      $ 37,859      $ 100,718      $ 82,841   
                                        

Banking

Net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $15.0 million, or 39.5%, and $18.8 million, or 22.7%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily the result of an $8.4 million increase in net interest income, an $8.0 million decrease in the provision for possible loan losses, a $1.5 million decrease in non-interest expense and a $1.3 million increase in non-interest income partly offset by a $4.1 million increase in income tax expense. The increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily the result of an $18.3 million increase in net interest income, a $4.0 million decrease in the provision for possible loan losses and a $2.1 million increase in non-interest income partly offset by a $3.4 million increase in non-interest expense and a $2.2 million increase in income tax expense.

Net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $8.4 million, or 6.2%, and $18.3 million, or 6.9%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increases were for the most part the result of increases in the average volume of interest-earning assets partly offset by decreases the net interest margin. See the analysis of net interest income included in the section captioned “Net Interest Income” included elsewhere in this discussion.

The provision for possible loan losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 totaled $8.7 million and $22.2 million compared to $16.6 million and $26.2 million for the same periods in 2009. See the analysis of the provision for possible loan losses included in the section captioned “Allowance for Possible Loan Losses” included elsewhere in this discussion.

Non-interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $1.3 million, or 2.9%, and $2.1 million, or 2.2%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increases were primarily due to increases in other charges, commissions and fees, insurance commissions and other non-interest income partly offset by decreases in service charges on deposits. The increases in other charges, commissions and fees were primarily related to increases in unused balance fees on loan commitments, investment banking fees related to corporate advisory services and fees related to accounts receivable factoring. The decreases in service charges on deposit accounts were partly related to commercial accounts due to a decrease in service volumes for billable services. See further analysis of these categories of non-interest income included in the section captioned “Non-Interest Income” included elsewhere in this discussion.

 

36


Table of Contents

Non-interest expense for the three months and six ended June 30, 2010 decreased $1.5 million, or 1.3%, and increased $3.4 million, or 1.5%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The decrease for the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to decreases in deposit insurance expense and employee benefits expense partly offset by increases in salaries and wages, other non-interest expense, furniture and equipment expense and occupancy expense. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily related to increases in salaries and wages, furniture and equipment expense, other non-interest expense and occupancy expense partly offset by decreases in deposit insurance expense and employee benefits expense. Deposit insurance expense during the second quarter of 2009 included a non-recurring $7.3 million accrual related to a special assessment applied to all insured depository institutions as of June 30, 2009. The decreases in employee benefits expense were primarily due to decreases in expenses related to the Corporation’s defined benefit retirement plan and profit sharing plans. The increases in salaries and wages were mostly related to increases in incentive compensation. See further analysis of these categories of non-interest expense included in the section captioned “Non-Interest Expense” included elsewhere in this discussion.

Frost Insurance Agency, which is included in the Banking operating segment, had gross commission revenues of $7.5 million and $18.8 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and $7.1 million and $18.0 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Insurance commission revenues increased $405 thousand, or 5.7%, and $792 thousand, or 4.4%, during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2009. See the analysis of insurance commissions and fees included in the section captioned “Non-Interest Income” included elsewhere in this discussion.

Financial Management Group (FMG)

Net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $136 thousand, or 5.7%, and $1.1 million, or 22.9%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The decrease during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to a $980 thousand decrease in net interest income partly offset by a $643 thousand increase in non-interest income and a $132 thousand decrease in non-interest expense. The decrease during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to a $3.0 million decrease in net interest income partly offset by a $1.4 million increase in non-interest income and a $573 thousand decrease in income tax expense.

Net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased $980 thousand, or 37.4%, and $3.0 million, or 50.1%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The decrease in net interest income was due to a decrease in the average volume of funds provided due to a decrease in the average volume of FMGs repurchase agreements combined with a decrease in the funds transfer price received for providing those funds.

Non-interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $643 thousand, or 3.1%, and $1.4 million, or 3.4%, compared to the same periods in 2009. The increase during the three months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to increases in other charges, commissions and fees (up $744 thousand) and trust fees (up $211 thousand) partly offset by a decrease in other non-interest income (down $332 thousand). The increase during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to increases in trust fees (up $1.2 million) and other charges, commissions and fees (up $602 thousand) partly offset by a decrease in other non-interest income (down $448 thousand).

Trust fee income is the most significant income component for FMG. Investment fees are the most significant component of trust fees, making up approximately 73% and 70% of total trust fees for the first six months of 2010 and 2009, respectively. Investment and other custodial account fees are generally based on the market value of assets within a trust account. Volatility in the equity and bond markets impacts the market value of trust assets and the related investment fees. The increase in trust fee income during the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 was primarily the result of an increase in oil and gas trust management fees, real estate fees and estate fees partly offset by decreases in securities lending income. The increase in trust fee income during the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 was primarily the result of an increase in investment fees partly offset by a decrease in securities lending income. See the analysis of trust fees included in the section captioned “Non-Interest Income” included elsewhere in this discussion.

The increases in other charges, commissions and fees during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009 were primarily related to increases in commission income related to the sale of mutual funds and mutual fund management fees partly offset by decreases in commission income related to the sale of money market accounts.

Non-interest expense decreased $132 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and did not significantly fluctuate for the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009. During the three months ended June 30, 2010, decreases in salaries and wages and employee benefits (down $435 thousand on a combined basis), furniture and fixtures expense and deposit insurance expense were mostly offset by an increase in other non-interest expense (up $481 thousand).

 

37


Table of Contents

The decrease in salaries and wages and employee benefits was primarily related to a decrease in stock-based compensation expense resulting from the forfeiture of certain awards and a decrease in incentive compensation. The increase in other non-interest expense was due to increases in sundry expense from miscellaneous items and sub-advisor fees for Frost Investment Advisors, LLC, among other things, partly offset by a decrease in outside computer services expense.

Non-Banks

The net loss for the Non-Banks operating segment decreased $144 thousand and $94 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009. Fluctuations in various categories of income and expense were not significant.

Income Taxes

The Corporation recognized income tax expense of $15.6 million and $28.6 million, for an effective tax rate of 22.8% and 22.1% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $11.7 million and $27.1 million, for an effective tax rate of 23.6% and 24.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The effective income tax rates differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 35% during the comparable periods primarily due to the effect of tax-exempt income from loans, securities and life insurance policies. The decrease in the effective tax rate during 2010 was primarily the result of an increase in holdings of tax-exempt municipal securities.

Average Balance Sheet

Average assets totaled $16.7 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2010 representing an increase of $1.5 billion, or 9.9%, compared to average assets for the same period in 2009. The increase was primarily reflected in earning assets, which increased $1.6 billion, or 12.0%, during the first six months of 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. The increase in earning assets was primarily due to a $1.2 billion increase in average interest-bearing deposits and federal funds sold and resale agreements and a $1.0 billion increase in average securities partly offset by a $590.3 million decrease in average loans. The growth in average interest-earning assets was primarily funded by an increase in deposits. Total deposits averaged $13.7 billion for the first six months of 2010, increasing $1.8 billion, or 15.5%, compared to the same period in 2009. Average interest-bearing accounts totaled 64.9% and 65.7% of average total deposits during the first six months of 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

38


Table of Contents

Loans

Loans were as follows as of the dates indicated:

 

     June 30,     Percent     March 31,     December 31,     June 30,  
     2010     of Total     2010     2009     2009  

Commercial and industrial:

          

Commercial

   $ 3,368,349      41.8   $ 3,466,706      $ 3,577,758      $ 3,803,826   

Leases

     193,107      2.4        185,540        197,605        202,239   

Asset-based

     128,616      1.6        118,342        117,213        99,620   
                                      

Total commercial and industrial

     3,690,072      45.8        3,770,588        3,892,576        4,105,685   

Real estate:

          

Construction:

          

Commercial

     585,668      7.3        635,146        659,459        670,303   

Consumer

     28,175      0.3        26,876        30,325        47,523   

Land:

          

Commercial

     231,768      2.9        235,536        259,200        320,780   

Consumer

     1,991      —          2,008        1,677        1,605   

Commercial mortgages

     2,377,162      29.5        2,333,703        2,327,471        2,286,292   

1-4 family residential mortgages

     63,220      0.8        66,368        66,351        70,838   

Home equity and other consumer

     718,568      8.9        720,561        730,079        733,053   
                                      

Total real estate

     4,006,552      49.7        4,020,198        4,074,562        4,130,394   

Consumer:

          

Student loans held for sale

     —        —          18,771        24,201        27,086   

Other

     340,719      4.2        336,604        346,255        350,167   

Other

     50,411      0.6        64,732        52,406        55,861   

Unearned discount

     (22,075   (0.3     (21,302     (22,220     (25,500
                                      

Total loans

   $ 8,065,679      100.0   $ 8,189,591      $ 8,367,780      $ 8,643,693   
                                      

Loans decreased $302.1 million, or 3.6%, compared to December 31, 2009. The majority of the Corporation’s loan portfolio is comprised of commercial and industrial loans and real estate loans. Commercial and industrial loans made up 45.8% and 46.5% of total loans at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively while real estate loans made up 49.7% and 48.7% of total loans, respectively, at those dates. Real estate loans include both commercial and consumer balances.

Commercial and industrial loans decreased $202.5 million, or 5.2%, during the first six months of 2010. The Corporation’s commercial and industrial loans are a diverse group of loans to small, medium and large businesses. The purpose of these loans varies from supporting seasonal working capital needs to term financing of equipment. While some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis, most are secured by the assets being financed with collateral margins that are consistent with the Corporation’s loan policy guidelines. The commercial and industrial loan portfolio also includes the commercial lease and asset-based lending portfolios as well as purchased shared national credits (SNCs) which are discussed in more detail below.

Purchased shared national credits are participations purchased from upstream financial organizations and tend to be larger in size than the Corporation’s originated portfolio. The Corporation’s purchased SNC portfolio totaled $405.5 million at June 30, 2010, decreasing $57.9 million, or 12.5%, from $463.4 million at December 31, 2009. At June 30, 2010, 60.6% of outstanding purchased SNCs was related to the energy industry. The remaining purchased SNCs were diversified throughout various other industries, with no other single industry exceeding 10% of the total purchased SNC portfolio. Additionally, almost all of the outstanding balance of purchased SNCs was included in the commercial and industrial portfolio, with the remainder included in the real estate categories. SNC participations are originated in the normal course of business to meet the needs of the Corporation’s customers. As a matter of policy, the Corporation generally only participates in SNCs for companies headquartered in or which have significant operations within the Corporation’s market areas. In addition, the Corporation must have direct access to the company’s management, an existing banking relationship or the expectation of broadening the relationship with other banking products and services within the following 12 to 24 months. SNCs are reviewed at least quarterly for credit quality and business development successes.

Real estate loans decreased $68.0 million, or 1.7%, during the first six months of 2010. Real estate loans include both commercial and consumer balances. Commercial real estate loans totaled $3.2 billion at June 30, 2010 and represented 79.7% of total real estate loans. The majority of this portfolio consists of commercial real estate mortgages, which includes both permanent and intermediate term loans. The Corporation’s primary focus for its commercial real estate portfolio has been growth in loans secured by owner-occupied properties. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Consequently, these loans must undergo the analysis and underwriting process of a commercial and industrial loan, as well as that of a real estate loan. At June 30, 2010, approximately 61.2% of the outstanding principal balance of the Corporation’s commercial real estate loans were secured by owner-occupied properties.

 

39


Table of Contents

The consumer loan portfolio, including all consumer real estate, decreased $46.2 million, or 3.9%, from December 31, 2009. As the following table illustrates as of the dates indicated, the consumer loan portfolio has four distinct segments, including consumer real estate, consumer non-real estate, student loans held for sale and 1-4 family residential mortgages.

 

     June 30,    March 31,    December 31,    June 30,
     2010    2010    2009    2009

Consumer real estate:

           

Construction

   $ 28,175    $ 26,876    $ 30,325    $ 47,523

Land

     1,991      2,008      1,677      1,605

Home equity loans

     274,129      279,012      289,535      303,465

Home equity lines of credit

     175,753      169,393      166,441      154,776

Other consumer real estate

     268,686      272,156      274,103      274,812
                           

Total consumer real estate

     748,734      749,445      762,081      782,181

Consumer non-real estate

     340,719      336,604      346,255      350,167

Student loans held for sale

     —        18,771      24,201      27,086

1-4 family residential mortgages

     63,220      66,368      66,351      70,838
                           

Total consumer loans

   $ 1,152,673    $ 1,171,188    $ 1,198,888    $ 1,230,272
                           

The consumer non-real estate loan portfolio primarily consists of automobile loans, unsecured revolving credit products, personal loans secured by cash and cash equivalents and other similar types of credit facilities. In general, the Corporation no longer originates 1-4 family mortgage loans, however, from time to time, the Corporation may originate such loans to meet the needs of its customers. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2008, the Corporation elected to discontinue the origination of student loans for resale, aside from previously outstanding commitments. Student loans were primarily originated for resale on the secondary market and classified as held for sale. All remaining student loans were sold during the second quarter of 2010.

Non-Performing Assets

Non-performing assets and accruing past due loans are presented in the table below. The Corporation did not have any restructured loans as of the dates presented.

 

     June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     June 30,  
     2010     2010     2009     2009  

Non-accrual loans:

        

Commercial and industrial

   $ 53,926      $ 70,024      $ 78,638      $ 93,381   

Real estate

     56,904        57,469        54,592        59,292   

Consumer and other

     23,694        17,124        13,637        16,132   
                                

Total non-accrual loans

     134,524        144,617        146,867        168,805   

Foreclosed assets:

        

Real estate

     24,288        26,456        33,305        20,959   

Other

     456        480        7        519   
                                

Total foreclosed assets

     24,744        26,936        33,312        21,478   
                                

Total non-performing assets

   $ 159,268      $ 171,553      $ 180,179      $ 190,283   
                                

Non-performing assets as a percentage of:

        

Total loans and foreclosed assets

     1.97     2.09     2.14     2.20

Total assets

     0.93        1.02        1.11        1.21   

Accruing past due loans:

        

30 to 89 days past due

   $ 66,732      $ 87,687      $ 90,173      $ 61,002   

90 or more days past due

     33,246        34,413        23,911        41,112   
                                

Total accruing past due loans

   $ 99,978      $ 122,100      $ 114,084      $ 102,114   
                                

Ratio of accruing past due loans to total loans:

        

30 to 89 days past due

     0.83     1.07     1.08     0.70

90 or more days past due

     0.41        0.42        0.28        0.48   
                                

Total accruing past due loans

     1.24     1.49     1.36     1.18
                                

 

40


Table of Contents

Non-performing assets include non-accrual loans and foreclosed assets. Non-performing assets at June 30, 2010 decreased $20.9 million from December 31, 2009. In general, the level of non-performing assets during the comparable periods is reflective of weaker economic conditions. Non-accrual commercial loans included two credit relationships in excess of $5 million totaling $18.8 million at June 30, 2010 and three credit relationships in excess of $5 million totaling $37.6 million at December 31, 2009. Non-accrual commercial loans also included $12.9 million and $16.3 million in loans to certain Mexican borrowers at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively, primarily related to deterioration in the U.S. dollar exchange rate of the Mexican peso. Non-accrual real estate loans primarily consist of land development and 1-4 family residential construction credit relationships and loans secured by office buildings. Generally, loans are placed on non-accrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deems the collectibility of the principal and/or interest to be in question, as well as when required by regulatory requirements. Once interest accruals are discontinued, accrued but uncollected interest is charged to current year operations. Subsequent receipts on non-accrual loans are recorded as a reduction of principal, and interest income is recorded only after principal recovery is reasonably assured.

Foreclosed assets represent property acquired as the result of borrower defaults on loans. Foreclosed assets are recorded at estimated fair value, less estimated selling costs, at the time of foreclosure. Write-downs occurring at foreclosure are charged against the allowance for possible loan losses. On an ongoing basis, properties are appraised as required by market indications and applicable regulations. Write-downs are provided for subsequent declines in value and are included in other non-interest expense along with other expenses related to maintaining the properties.

Potential problem loans consist of loans that are performing in accordance with contractual terms but for which management has concerns about the ability of an obligor to continue to comply with repayment terms because of the obligor’s potential operating or financial difficulties. Management monitors these loans closely and reviews their performance on a regular basis. At June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Corporation had $23.6 million and $17.4 million in loans of this type which are not included in either of the non-accrual or 90 days past due loan categories. At June 30, 2010, potential problem loans consisted of seven credit relationships. Of the total outstanding balance at June 30, 2010, 39.8% related to a customer in the credit collections industry. Weakness in these companies’ operating performance has caused the Corporation to heighten the attention given to these credits.

The after-tax impact (assuming a 35% marginal tax rate) of lost interest from non-performing loans was approximately $964 thousand and $2.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $942 thousand and $1.6 million for the same periods in 2009.

 

41


Table of Contents

Allowance for Possible Loan Losses

Activity in the allowance for possible loan losses is presented in the following table.

 

     Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
     June 30,     March 31,     June 30,     June 30,     June 30,  
     2010     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 125,369      $ 125,309      $ 114,168      $ 125,309      $ 110,244   

Provision for possible loan losses

     8,650        13,571        16,601        22,221        26,202   

Charge-offs:

          

Commercial and industrial

     (6,332     (9,180     (3,626     (15,512     (6,520

Real estate

     (2,343     (3,789     (4,309     (6,132     (6,341

Consumer and other

     (2,746     (2,837     (2,595     (5,583     (5,229
                                        

Total charge-offs

     (11,421     (15,806     (10,530     (27,227     (18,090

Recoveries:

          

Commercial and industrial

     728        540        556        1,268        1,045   

Real estate

     692        60        257        752        278   

Consumer and other

     1,424        1,695        1,449        3,119        2,822   
                                        

Total recoveries

     2,844        2,295        2,262        5,139        4,145   
                                        

Net charge-offs

     (8,577     (13,511     (8,268     (22,088     (13,945
                                        

Balance at end of period

   $ 125,442      $ 125,369      $ 122,501      $ 125,442      $ 122,501   
                                        

Ratio of allowance for possible loan losses to:

          

Total loans

     1.56     1.53     1.42     1.56     1.42

Non-accrual loans

     93.25        86.69        72.57        93.25        72.57   

Ratio of annualized net charge-offs to average total loans

     0.42        0.66        0.38        0.54        0.32   

The allowance for possible loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for possible loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of probable losses that have been incurred within the existing portfolio of loans. The allowance, in the judgment of management, is necessary to reserve for estimated loan losses and risks inherent in the loan portfolio. The Corporation’s allowance for possible loan loss methodology is based on guidance provided in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 102, “Selected Loan Loss Allowance Methodology and Documentation Issues” and includes allowance allocations calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 310, “Receivables” and allowance allocations calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 450, “Contingencies.” Accordingly, the methodology is based on historical loss experience by type of credit and internal risk grade, specific homogeneous risk pools, and specific loss allocations, with adjustments for current events and conditions. The Corporation’s process for determining the appropriate level of the allowance for possible loan losses is designed to account for credit deterioration as it occurs. The provision for possible loan losses reflects loan quality trends, including the levels of and trends related to non-accrual loans, past due loans, potential problem loans, criticized loans and net charge-offs or recoveries, among other factors. The provision for possible loan losses also reflects the totality of actions taken on all loans for a particular period. In other words, the amount of the provision reflects not only the necessary increases in the allowance for possible loan losses related to newly identified criticized loans, but it also reflects actions taken related to other loans including, among other things, any necessary increases or decreases in required allowances for specific loans or loan pools.

The provision for possible loan losses decreased by $8.0 million, or 47.9% and $4.0 million, or 15.2%, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009 and $4.9 million, or 36.3% compared to the first quarter of 2010. The higher provisions for possible loan losses during 2009 were partly related to the increasing trend of classified loans related to the prevailing weak economic conditions. The decrease in the level of the provision for possible loan losses during the second quarter of 2010 compared to the first quarter of 2010 is reflective of the level of net charge-offs during those periods. Net charge-offs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $309 thousand and $8.1 million compared to the same periods in 2009 and decreased $4.9 million compared to the first quarter of 2010. Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans increased 4 basis points and 22 basis points during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to the same periods in 2009 and decreased 24 basis points compared to the first quarter of 2010. The increase in net charge-offs from the comparable periods in 2009 is reflective of the increase in classified assets related to weaker economic conditions, while the decrease in net charge-offs from the first quarter of 2010 is reflective of a

 

42


Table of Contents

stabilization of the trend of increasing classified assets experienced through-out 2009 as well as the Corporation’s ability to manage the overall credit quality of the loan portfolio. The ratio of the allowance for possible loan losses to total loans increased 6 basis points from 1.50% at December 31, 2009 to 1.56% at June 30, 2010, primarily due to a $302.1 million decrease in loans. Management believes the level of the allowance for possible loan losses continues to remain adequate. Should any of the factors considered by management in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for possible loan losses change, the Corporation’s estimate of probable loan losses could also change, which could affect the level of future provisions for possible loan losses.

Capital and Liquidity

Capital. Shareholders’ equity totaled $2.0 billion and $1.9 billion at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 and $1.8 billion at June 30, 2009. In addition to net income of $100.7 million and other comprehensive income, net of tax, of $61.6 million, other changes in shareholders’ equity during the first six months of 2010 included $53.2 million of dividends paid, $23.2 million in proceeds from stock option exercises and the related tax benefits of $277 thousand and $7.1 million related to stock-based compensation. Additionally, the Corporation issued/sold $7.0 million in newly issued common stock as well as common stock held in treasury to the Corporation’s 401(k) plan. During the second quarter of 2009, the Corporation began to issue shares of the Corporation’s common stock directly to the Corporation’s 401(k) plan in connection with matching contributions. Additionally, the 401(k) plan began to purchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock directly from the Corporation utilizing proceeds from dividends that plan participants elected to reinvest in the Corporation’s common stock. Previously, the Corporation contributed the matching contributions in cash, which, along with the proceeds from dividends on the Corporation’s common stock, were then utilized to purchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock on the open market.

The accumulated other comprehensive income/loss component of shareholders’ equity totaled a net, after-tax, unrealized gain of $215.8 million at June 30, 2010, increasing $61.6 million compared to a net, after-tax, unrealized gain of $154.2 million at December 31, 2009. This fluctuation was primarily related to the after-tax effect of changes in the net unrealized gain/loss on securities available for sale and the accumulated net gain/loss on effective cash flow hedges. Under regulatory requirements, amounts reported as accumulated other comprehensive income/loss related to securities available for sale, effective cash flow hedges and defined benefit post-retirement benefit plans do not increase or reduce regulatory capital and are not included in the calculation of risk-based capital and leverage ratios. Regulatory agencies for banks and bank holding companies utilize capital guidelines designed to measure Tier 1 and total capital and take into consideration the risk inherent in both on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items. See Note 7 - Regulatory Matters in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

The Corporation paid quarterly dividends of $0.43 and $0.45 per common share during the first and second quarters of 2010 and quarterly dividends of $0.42 and $0.43 per common share during the first and second quarters of 2009. This equates to a dividend payout ratio of 54.2% and 51.6% during the first and second quarters of 2010 and 55.5% and 67.7% during the first and second quarters of 2009.

From time to time, the Corporation’s board of directors has authorized stock repurchase plans. Stock repurchase plans allow the Corporation to proactively manage its capital position and return excess capital to shareholders. Shares purchased under such plans also provide the Corporation with shares of common stock necessary to satisfy obligations related to stock compensation awards. No shares were repurchased under stock repurchase plans during any of the reported periods. See Part II, Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds, included elsewhere in this report, for details of stock repurchases during the quarter.

Liquidity. Liquidity measures the ability to meet current and future cash flow needs as they become due. The liquidity of a financial institution reflects its ability to meet loan requests, to accommodate possible outflows in deposits and to take advantage of interest rate market opportunities. The ability of a financial institution to meet its current financial obligations is a function of its balance sheet structure, its ability to liquidate assets, and its access to alternative sources of funds. The Corporation seeks to ensure its funding needs are met by maintaining a level of liquid funds through asset/liability management.

Asset liquidity is provided by liquid assets which are readily marketable or pledgeable or which will mature in the near future. Liquid assets include cash, interest-bearing deposits in banks, securities available for sale, maturities and cash flow from securities held to maturity, and federal funds sold and resell agreements.

Liability liquidity is provided by access to funding sources which include core deposits and correspondent banks in the Corporation’s natural trade area that maintain accounts with and sell federal funds to Frost Bank, as well as federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements from upstream banks and deposits obtained through financial intermediaries.

 

43


Table of Contents

Since Cullen/Frost is a holding company and does not conduct operations, its primary sources of liquidity are dividends upstreamed from Frost Bank and borrowings from outside sources. Banking regulations may limit the amount of dividends that may be paid by the Corporation’s bank subsidiary. See Note 7 - Regulatory Matters in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report regarding such dividends. At June 30, 2010, Cullen/Frost had liquid assets, including unrestricted cash and securities purchased under resell agreements, totaling $141.0 million, which included $8.8 million in cash collateral on deposit with other financial institution counterparties to interest rate swap transactions.

The liquidity position of the Corporation is continuously monitored and adjustments are made to the balance between sources and uses of funds as deemed appropriate. Management is not aware of any events that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s liquidity, capital resources or operations. In addition, management is not aware of any regulatory recommendations regarding liquidity, which if implemented, would have a material adverse effect on the Corporation.

The Corporation’s operating objectives include expansion, diversification within its markets, growth of its fee-based income, and growth internally and through acquisitions of financial institutions, branches and financial services businesses. The Corporation generally seeks merger or acquisition partners that are culturally similar and have experienced management and possess either significant market presence or have potential for improved profitability through financial management, economies of scale and expanded services. The Corporation regularly evaluates merger and acquisition opportunities and conducts due diligence activities related to possible transactions with other financial institutions and financial services companies. As a result, merger or acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations may take place and future mergers or acquisitions involving cash, debt or equity securities may occur. Acquisitions typically involve the payment of a premium over book and market values, and, therefore, some dilution of the Corporation’s tangible book value and net income per common share may occur in connection with any future transaction.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 15 - Accounting Standards Updates in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for details of recently issued accounting pronouncements and their expected impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

 

44


Table of Contents

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Interest Income Analysis - Year-to-Date

(dollars in thousands - taxable-equivalent basis)

 

     June 30, 2010     June 30, 2009  
     Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
 

Assets:

              

Interest-bearing deposits

   $ 1,665,653      $ 1,844    0.22   $ 391,357      $ 523    0.27

Federal funds sold and resell agreements

     16,674        31    0.38        104,794        181    0.35   

Securities:

              

Taxable

     3,112,644        60,557    4.03        2,772,468        65,206    4.83   

Tax-exempt

     1,887,246        63,435    7.04        1,223,974        43,019    7.28   
                                  

Total securities

     4,999,890        123,992    5.16        3,996,442        108,225    5.57   

Loans, net of unearned discounts

     8,205,925        207,525    5.10        8,796,258        220,314    5.05   
                                  

Total Earning Assets and Average Rate Earned

     14,888,142        333,392    4.56        13,288,851        329,243    5.03   

Cash and due from banks

     507,609             581,403        

Allowance for possible loan losses

     (126,684          (114,804     

Premises and equipment, net

     322,802             282,543        

Accrued interest and other assets

     1,109,767             1,165,166        
                          

Total Assets

   $ 16,701,636           $ 15,203,159        
                          

Liabilities:

              

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits:

              

Commercial and individual

   $ 4,334,131           $ 3,583,923        

Correspondent banks

     308,966             376,835        

Public funds

     152,638             94,329        
                          

Total non-interest-bearing demand deposits

     4,795,735             4,055,087        

Interest-bearing deposits:

              

Private accounts

              

Savings and interest checking

     2,226,773        1,621    0.15        1,928,287        1,312    0.14   

Money market deposit accounts

     4,889,125        9,208    0.38        3,810,940        12,502    0.66   

Time accounts

     1,293,637        4,613    0.72        1,671,531        16,664    2.01   

Public funds

     449,021        496    0.22        356,791        912    0.52   
                                  

Total interest-bearing deposits

     8,858,556        15,938    0.36        7,767,549        31,390    0.81   
                          

Total deposits

     13,654,291             11,822,636        

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     472,509        174    0.07        706,220        685    0.20   

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     136,084        3,556    5.23        136,084        3,625    5.33   

Subordinated notes payable and other notes

     250,000        8,159    6.53        250,000        8,159    6.53   

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     5,193        168    6.53        222,873        3,326    3.01   
                                  

Total Interest-Bearing Funds and Average Rate Paid

     9,722,342        27,995    0.58        9,082,726        47,185    1.05   
                                          

Accrued interest and other liabilities

     226,096             272,729        
                          

Total Liabilities

     14,744,173             13,410,542        

Shareholders’ Equity

     1,957,463             1,792,617        
                          

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

   $ 16,701,636           $ 15,203,159        
                          

Net interest income

     $ 305,397        $ 282,058   
                      

Net interest spread

        3.98        3.98
                      

Net interest income to total average earning assets

        4.18        4.30
                      

For these computations: (i) average balances are presented on a daily average basis, (ii) information is shown on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 35% tax rate, (iii) average loans include loans on non-accrual status, and (iv) average securities include unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale while yields are based on average amortized cost.

 

45


Table of Contents

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Interest Income Analysis-By-Quarter

(dollars in thousands - taxable-equivalent basis)

 

     June 30, 2010     March 31, 2010  
     Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
 

Assets:

              

Interest-bearing deposits

   $ 1,785,527      $ 989    0.22   $ 1,506,029      $ 855    0.23

Federal funds sold and resell agreements

     23,046        21    0.36        10,232        10    0.40   

Securities:

              

Taxable

     3,202,840        31,482    4.08        3,021,446        29,075    3.98   

Tax-exempt

     1,917,660        32,201    7.04        1,856,494        31,234    7.04   
                                  

Total securities

     5,120,500        63,683    5.18        4,877,940        60,309    5.13   

Loans, net of unearned discounts

     8,141,908        103,779    5.11        8,270,653        103,746    5.09   
                                  

Total Earning Assets and Average Rate Earned

     15,070,981        168,472    4.54        14,664,854        164,920    4.59   

Cash and due from banks

     500,930             552,779        

Allowance for possible loan losses

     (126,526          (126,844     

Premises and equipment, net

     321,652             323,965        

Accrued interest and other assets

     1,104,977             1,115,007        
                          

Total Assets

   $ 16,872,014           $ 16,529,761        
                          

Liabilities:

              

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits:

              

Commercial and individual

   $ 4,445,554           $ 4,221,470        

Correspondent banks

     304,782             313,198        

Public funds

     155,816             149,424        
                          

Total non-interest-bearing demand deposits

     4,906,152             4,684,092        

Interest-bearing deposits:

              

Private accounts

              

Savings and interest checking

     2,253,942        811    0.14        2,199,302        810    0.15   

Money market deposit accounts

     4,956,757        4,303    0.35        4,820,741        4,905    0.41   

Time accounts

     1,278,948        2,030    0.64        1,308,488        2,583    0.80   

Public funds

     421,161        233    0.22        477,192        263    0.22   
                                  

Total interest-bearing deposits

     8,910,808        7,377    0.33        8,805,723        8,561    0.39   
                          

Total deposits

     13,816,960             13,489,815        

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     450,234        116    0.10        495,031        58    0.05   

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     136,084        1,783    5.24        136,084        1,773    5.21   

Subordinated notes payable and other notes

     250,000        4,079    6.53        250,000        4,080    6.53   

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     3,841        63    6.59        6,560        105    6.49   
                                  

Total Interest-Bearing Funds and Average Rate Paid

     9,750,967        13,418    0.55        9,693,398        14,577    0.61   
                                          

Accrued interest and other liabilities

     226,379             226,206        
                          

Total Liabilities

     14,883,498             14,603,696        

Shareholders’ Equity

     1,988,516             1,926,065        
                          

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

   $ 16,872,014           $ 16,529,761        
                          

Net interest income

     $ 155,054        $ 150,343   
                      

Net interest spread

        3.99        3.98
                      

Net interest income to total average earning assets

        4.18        4.19
                      

For these computations: (i) average balances are presented on a daily average basis, (ii) information is shown on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 35% tax rate, (iii) average loans include loans on non-accrual status, and (iv) average securities include unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale while yields are based on average amortized cost.

 

46


Table of Contents

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Interest Income Analysis-By-Quarter

(dollars in thousands - taxable-equivalent basis)

 

     December 31, 2009     September 30, 2009  
     Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
 

Assets:

              

Interest-bearing deposits

   $ 1,411,916      $ 946    0.27   $ 1,107,804      $ 692    0.25

Federal funds sold and resell agreements

     9,629        9    0.37        19,213        17    0.35   

Securities:

              

Taxable

     2,854,094        29,664    4.33        2,854,826        30,214    4.35   

Tax-exempt

     1,784,485        29,769    7.02        1,556,791        26,758    7.12   
                                  

Total securities

     4,638,579        59,433    5.36        4,411,617        56,972    5.33   

Loans, net of unearned discounts

     8,440,439        108,026    5.08        8,581,985        108,735    5.03   
                                  

Total Earning Assets and Average Rate Earned

     14,500,563        168,414    4.69        14,120,619        166,416    4.73   

Cash and due from banks

     544,105             636,244        

Allowance for possible loan losses

     (126,773          (124,085     

Premises and equipment, net

     320,388             305,855        

Accrued interest and other assets

     1,096,602             1,107,962        
                          

Total Assets

   $ 16,334,885           $ 16,046,595        
                          

Liabilities:

              

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits:

              

Commercial and individual

   $ 4,111,853           $ 3,886,259        

Correspondent banks

     331,128             356,694        

Public funds

     131,120             100,078        
                          

Total non-interest-bearing demand deposits

     4,574,101             4,343,031        

Interest-bearing deposits:

              

Private accounts

              

Savings and interest checking

     2,172,474        869    0.16        2,067,271        834    0.16   

Money market deposit accounts

     4,596,092        6,060    0.52        4,379,798        6,147    0.56   

Time accounts

     1,445,625        3,803    1.04        1,652,043        6,292    1.51   

Public funds

     429,399        300    0.28        353,936        320    0.36   
                                  

Total interest-bearing deposits

     8,643,590        11,032    0.51        8,453,048        13,593    0.64   
                          

Total deposits

     13,217,691             12,796,079        

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     473,103        124    0.10        561,344        243    0.17   

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     136,084        1,792    5.27        136,084        1,814    5.33   

Subordinated notes payable and other notes

     250,000        4,079    6.53        250,000        4,080    6.53   

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     79,064        644    3.23        236,568        1,771    2.97   
                                  

Total Interest-Bearing Funds and Average Rate Paid

     9,581,841        17,671    0.73        9,637,044        21,501    0.89   
                                          

Accrued interest and other liabilities

     269,845             237,578        
                          

Total Liabilities

     14,425,787             14,217,653        

Shareholders’ Equity

     1,909,098             1,828,942        
                          

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

   $ 16,334,885           $ 16,046,595        
                          

Net interest income

     $ 150,743        $ 144,915   
                      

Net interest spread

        3.96        3.84
                      

Net interest income to total average earning assets

        4.20        4.12
                      

For these computations: (i) average balances are presented on a daily average basis, (ii) information is shown on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 35% tax rate, (iii) average loans include loans on non-accrual status, and (iv) average securities include unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale while yields are based on average amortized cost.

 

47


Table of Contents

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Interest Income Analysis-By-Quarter

(dollars in thousands - taxable-equivalent basis)

 

     June 30, 2009  
     Average
Balance
    Interest
Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Cost
 

Assets:

       

Interest-bearing deposits

   $ 500,466      $ 261    0.21

Federal funds sold and resell agreements

     84,193        62    0.30   

Securities:

       

Taxable

     2,885,548        32,105    4.57   

Tax-exempt

     1,377,897        23,947    7.23   
                 

Total securities

     4,263,445        56,052    5.43   

Loans, net of unearned discounts

     8,783,964        110,711    5.06   
                 

Total Earning Assets and Average Rate Earned

     13,632,068        167,086    4.96   

Cash and due from banks

     562,278        

Allowance for possible loan losses

     (116,881     

Premises and equipment, net

     291,346        

Accrued interest and other assets

     1,150,239        
             

Total Assets

   $ 15,519,050        
             

Liabilities:

       

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits:

       

Commercial and individual

   $ 3,693,553        

Correspondent banks

     348,772        

Public funds

     95,569        
             

Total non-interest-bearing demand deposits

     4,137,894        

Interest-bearing deposits:

       

Private accounts

       

Savings and interest checking

     1,993,706        739    0.15   

Money market deposit accounts

     3,940,620        5,735    0.58   

Time accounts

     1,779,054        7,946    1.79   

Public funds

     332,024        384    0.46   
                 

Total interest-bearing deposits

     8,045,404        14,804    0.74   
             

Total deposits

     12,183,298        

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

     632,671        298    0.19   

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures

     136,084        1,818    5.34   

Subordinated notes payable and other notes

     250,000        4,079    6.53   

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     236,572        1,762    2.99   
                 

Total Interest-Bearing Funds and Average Rate Paid

     9,300,731        22,761    0.98   
                     

Accrued interest and other liabilities

     261,931        
             

Total Liabilities

     13,700,556        

Shareholders’ Equity

     1,818,494        
             

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

   $ 15,519,050        
             

Net interest income

     $ 144,325   
           

Net interest spread

        3.98
           

Net interest income to total average earning assets

        4.28
           

For these computations: (i) average balances are presented on a daily average basis, (ii) information is shown on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 35% tax rate, (iii) average loans include loans on non-accrual status, and (iv) average securities include unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale while yields are based on average amortized cost.

 

48


Table of Contents
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The disclosures set forth in this item are qualified by the section captioned “Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results” included in Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this report and other cautionary statements set forth elsewhere in this report.

Refer to the discussion of market risks included in Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in the 2009 Form 10-K. There has been no significant change in the types of market risks faced by the Corporation since December 31, 2009.

The Corporation utilizes an earnings simulation model as the primary quantitative tool in measuring the amount of interest rate risk associated with changing market rates. The model quantifies the effects of various interest rate scenarios on projected net interest income and net income over the next 12 months. The model measures the impact on net interest income relative to a base case scenario of hypothetical fluctuations in interest rates over the next 12 months. These simulations incorporate assumptions regarding balance sheet growth and mix, pricing and the repricing and maturity characteristics of the existing and projected balance sheet. The impact of interest rate derivatives, such as interest rate swaps, caps and floors, is also included in the model. Other interest rate-related risks such as prepayment, basis and option risk are also considered.

As of June 30, 2010, the model simulations projected that 100 and 200 basis point increases in interest rates would result in positive variances in net interest income of 1.9% and 4.1%, respectively, relative to the base case over the next 12 months, while a decrease in interest rates of 25 basis points would result in a negative variance in net interest income of 0.5% relative to the base case over the next 12 months. As of June 30, 2009, the model simulations projected that 100 and 200 basis point increases in interest rates would result in positive variance in net interest income of 1.0% and 2.0%, respectively, relative to the base case over the next 12 months, while a decrease in interest rates of 25 basis points would result in a negative variance in net interest income of 1.2% relative to the base case over the next 12 months. The likelihood of a decrease in interest rates beyond 25 basis points as of June 30, 2010 and 2009 was considered to be remote given prevailing interest rate levels.

The Corporation experienced significant growth in deposits in 2010 compared to 2009. The deposit growth funded a significant increase in fixed-rate securities and short-term interest-bearing deposits, which are generally immediately impacted by changes in interest rates. During the fourth quarter of 2009, the Corporation also terminated portions of certain interest rate swap contracts that were designated as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges that effectively fixed the interest rates on $400 million of variable-rate loans. See Note 8 -Derivative Financial Instruments in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for additional information. The Corporation’s sensitivity to increases in interest rates as of June 30, 2010 increased compared to June 30, 2009 primarily as a result of the increase in short-term interest-bearing deposits and the termination of portions of certain interest rate swap contracts on $400 million of variable-rate loans. The effect of these items on the Corporation’s interest rate sensitivity was partly offset by the decreased interest rate sensitivity resulting from the increase in fixed-rate securities.

On July 21, 2010, sweeping financial regulatory reform legislation entitled the “Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act” (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law (see the section captioned “Recent Legislation Impacting the Financial Services Industry” included in Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this report). The Dodd-Frank Act repealed the federal prohibitions on the payment of interest on demand deposits, thereby permitting depository institutions to pay interest on business transaction and other accounts beginning July 21, 2011. Although the ultimate impact of this legislation on the Corporation has not yet been determined, the Corporation expects interest costs associated with demand deposits to increase. Furthermore, the Corporation’s balance sheet is expected to become less asset sensitive.

As of June 30, 2010, the effect of a 200 basis point increase in interest rates on the Corporation’s derivative holdings would result in a 1.6% negative variance in net interest income. The effect of a 25 basis point decrease in interest rates on the Corporation’s derivative holdings would result in a 0.3% positive variance in net interest income.

The effects of hypothetical fluctuations in interest rates on the Corporation’s securities classified as “trading” under ASC Topic 320, “Investments - Debt and Equity Securities,” are not significant, and, as such, separate quantitative disclosure is not presented.

 

49


Table of Contents
Item 4. Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, an evaluation was carried out by the Corporation’s management, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. No change in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the last fiscal quarter that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

50


Table of Contents

Part II. Other Information

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Corporation and its subsidiaries are subject to various claims and legal actions that have arisen in the normal course of conducting business. Management does not expect the ultimate disposition of these matters to have a material adverse impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There has been no material change in the risk factors previously disclosed under Item 1A. of the Corporation’s 2009 Form 10-K.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Corporation or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of the Corporation’s common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2010.

 

Period    Total Number of
Shares Purchased
   Average Price
Paid Per Share
   Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
   Maximum
Number of Shares
That May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plan at the
End of the Period

April 1, 2010 to April 30, 2010

   —      $ —      —      —  

May 1, 2010 to May 31, 2010

   —        —      —      —  

June 1, 2010 to June 30, 2010

   —        —      —      —  
               
   —         —     
               

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

 

Item 5. Other Information

None.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

 

  (a) Exhibits

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Description

10. 1    Description of the Bonus Plan for the Chief Executive Officer
10. 2    Description of the Executive Management Bonus Plan
31. 1    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer
31. 2    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Corporation’s Chief Financial Officer
32. 1+    Section 1350 Certification of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer
32. 2+    Section 1350 Certification of the Corporation’s Chief Financial Officer
101++    Interactive Data File

 

+ This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
++ As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

51


Table of Contents

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.
  (Registrant)
Date: July 28, 2010   By:  

  /S/    PHILLIP D. GREEN        

  Phillip D. Green
  Group Executive Vice President
  and Chief Financial Officer
  (Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial
  Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

52