Cushman & Wakefield plc - Quarter Report: 2022 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________

FORM 10-Q


x			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from _______________ to _______________

Commission File Number 001-38611

Cushman & Wakefield plc

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


England and Wales						98-1193584
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

125 Old Broad Street
London, United Kingdom						EC2N 1AR
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip Code)

+44 20 3296 3000						Not applicable
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)						(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Ordinary Shares, $0.10 nominal value	CWK	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x.

As of August 2, 2022, 225,674,778 of the Registrant's ordinary shares, $0.10 nominal value per share, were outstanding.

CUSHMAN & WAKEFIELD plc

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

June 30, 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PART I

Item 1.

Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 3 0 , 2022 (unaudited) and December 31, 2021

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 3 0 , 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 3 0 , 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three and six months ended June 3 0 , 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 3 0 , 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Item 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

PART II

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5.

Item 6.

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Cushman & Wakefield plc

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


	As of
(in millions, except per share data)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets	(unaudited)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	476.7	$	770.7
Trade and other receivables, net of allowance of $79.8 million and $72.2 million, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	1,540.4		1,446.0
Income tax receivable	35.4		30.0
Short-term contract assets, net	431.4		318.9
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	277.5		264.7
Total current assets	2,761.4		2,830.3
Property and equipment, net	180.6		194.6
Goodwill	2,050.4		2,081.9
Intangible assets, net	899.0		922.2
Equity method investments	657.2		641.3
Deferred tax assets	62.7		65.5
Non-current operating lease assets	377.9		413.5
Other non-current assets	744.6		741.1
Total assets	$	7,733.8	$	7,890.4

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	$	44.5	$	42.4
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	1,091.0		1,106.2
Accrued compensation	886.0		976.3
Income tax payable	55.4		105.1
Other current liabilities	234.9		204.5
Total current liabilities	2,311.8		2,434.5
Long-term debt, net	3,212.2		3,220.5
Deferred tax liabilities	5.2		48.7
Non-current operating lease liabilities	359.8		394.6
Other non-current liabilities	258.4		343.5
Total liabilities	6,147.4		6,441.8
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 9)
Shareholders' equity:
Ordinary shares, nominal value $0.10 per share, 800,000,000 shares authorized; 225,663,686 and 223,709,308 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	22.6		22.4
Additional paid-in capital	2,892.0		2,896.6
Accumulated deficit	(1,135.5)		(1,278.2)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(193.5)		(193.0)
Total equity attributable to the Company	1,585.6		1,447.8
Non-controlling interests	0.8		0.8
Total equity	1,586.4		1,448.6
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	7,733.8	$	7,890.4

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

Cushman & Wakefield plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue	$	2,612.6	$	2,248.3	$	4,943.6	$	4,172.1
Costs and expenses:
Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)	2,077.5		1,782.4		3,938.0		3,371.9
Operating, administrative and other	317.5		284.2		610.9		565.0
Depreciation and amortization	39.7		42.5		80.3		85.6
Restructuring, impairment and related charges	1.3		14.7		2.5		32.3
Total costs and expenses	2,436.0		2,123.8		4,631.7		4,054.8
Operating income	176.6		124.5		311.9		117.3
Interest expense, net of interest income	(46.1)		(43.8)		(89.3)		(86.2)
Earnings from equity method investments	17.5		5.1		34.4		7.5
Other (expense) income, net	(25.0)		10.1		(57.9)		12.1
Earnings before income taxes	123.0		95.9		199.1		50.7
Provision for income taxes	25.8		43.2		56.4		15.2
Net income	$	97.2	$	52.7	$	142.7	$	35.5

Basic earnings per share:
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders, basic	$	0.43	$	0.24	$	0.63	$	0.16
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	225.6		223.0		225.1		222.7
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders, diluted	$	0.43	$	0.23	$	0.62	$	0.16
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share	228.0		226.3		228.6		225.1

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Cushman & Wakefield plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income	$	97.2	$	52.7	$	142.7	$	35.5
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Designated hedge gains	21.9		1.2		91.5		38.1
Defined benefit plan actuarial losses	(1.0)		(3.2)		(2.7)		(3.2)
Foreign currency translation	(82.2)		2.2		(89.3)		(9.5)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(61.3)		0.2		(0.5)		25.4
Total comprehensive income	$	35.9	$	52.9	$	142.2	$	60.9

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Cushman & Wakefield plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

(unaudited)


								Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in millions)	Ordinary Shares	Ordinary Shares ($)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Unrealized Hedging (Losses) Gains		Foreign Currency Translation		Defined Benefit Plans		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax		Total Equity Attributable to the Company		Non-Controlling Interests		Total Equity
Balance as of March 31, 2022	225.5	$	22.6	$	2,880.0	$	(1,232.7)	$	(14.0)	$	(111.6)	$	(6.6)	$	(132.2)	$	1,537.7	$	0.8	$	1,538.5
Net income	—	—		—		97.2		—		—		—		—		97.2		—		97.2
Stock-based compensation	—			11.6		—		—		—		—		—		11.6		—		11.6
Vesting of shares related to equity compensation plans, net of amounts withheld for payment of taxes	0.2	—		0.4		—		—		—		—		—		0.4		—		0.4
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		—		(82.2)		—		(82.2)		(82.2)		—		(82.2)
Defined benefit plans actuarial loss	—	—		—		—		—		—		(1.0)		(1.0)		(1.0)		—		(1.0)
Unrealized gain on hedging instruments	—	—		—		—		14.5		—		—		14.5		14.5		—		14.5
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to the statement of operations	—	—		—		—		7.4		—		—		7.4		7.4		—		7.4
Balance as of June 30, 2022	225.7	$	22.6	$	2,892.0	$	(1,135.5)	$	7.9	$	(193.8)	$	(7.6)	$	(193.5)	$	1,585.6	$	0.8	$	1,586.4


								Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in millions)	Ordinary Shares	Ordinary Shares ($)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Unrealized Hedging (Losses) Gains		Foreign Currency Translation		Defined Benefit Plans		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax		Total Equity Attributable to the Company		Non-Controlling Interests		Total Equity
Balance as of March 31, 2021	222.9	$	22.3	$	2,846.5	$	(1,545.4)	$	(121.4)	$	(81.1)	$	(15.0)	$	(217.5)	$	1,105.9	$	0.9	$	1,106.8
Net income	—	—		—		52.7		—		—		—		—		52.7		—		52.7
Stock-based compensation	—	—		10.6		—		—		—		—		—		10.6		—		10.6
Vesting of shares related to equity compensation plans, net of amounts withheld for payment of taxes	0.4	—		(2.8)		—		—		—		—		—		(2.8)		—		(2.8)
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		—		2.2		—		2.2		2.2		—		2.2
Defined benefit plans actuarial gain	—	—		—		—		—		—		(3.2)		(3.2)		(3.2)		—		(3.2)
Unrealized loss on hedging instruments	—	—		—		—		(8.4)		—		—		(8.4)		(8.4)		—		(8.4)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to the statement of operations	—	—		—		—		9.6		—		—		9.6		9.6		—		9.6
Balance as of June 30, 2021	223.3	$	22.3	$	2,854.3	$	(1,492.7)	$	(120.2)	$	(78.9)	$	(18.2)	$	(217.3)	$	1,166.6	$	0.9	$	1,167.5

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Cushman & Wakefield plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

(continued) (unaudited)


								Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in millions)	Ordinary Shares	Ordinary Shares ($)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Unrealized Hedging (Losses) Gains		Foreign Currency Translation		Defined Benefit Plans		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax		Total Equity Attributable to the Company		Non-Controlling Interests		Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2021	223.7	$	22.4	$	2,896.6	$	(1,278.2)	$	(83.6)	$	(104.5)	$	(4.9)	$	(193.0)	$	1,447.8	$	0.8	$	1,448.6
Net income	—	—		—		142.7		—		—		—		—		142.7		—		142.7
Stock-based compensation	—			20.3		—		—		—		—		—		20.3		—		20.3
Vesting of shares related to equity compensation plans, net of amounts withheld for payment of taxes	2.0	0.2		(24.9)		—		—		—		—		—		(24.7)		—		(24.7)
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		—		(89.3)		—		(89.3)		(89.3)		—		(89.3)
Defined benefit plans actuarial loss	—	—		—		—		—		—		(2.7)		(2.7)		(2.7)		—		(2.7)
Unrealized gain on hedging instruments	—	—		—		—		75.2		—		—		75.2		75.2		—		75.2
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to the statement of operations	—	—		—		—		16.9		—		—		16.9		16.9		—		16.9
Other activity	—	—		—		—		(0.6)		—		—		(0.6)		(0.6)		—		(0.6)
Balance as of June 30, 2022	225.7	$	22.6	$	2,892.0	$	(1,135.5)	$	7.9	$	(193.8)	$	(7.6)	$	(193.5)	$	1,585.6	$	0.8	$	1,586.4


								Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in millions)	Ordinary Shares	Ordinary Shares ($)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Unrealized Hedging (Losses) Gains		Foreign Currency Translation		Defined Benefit Plans		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax		Total Equity Attributable to the Company		Non-Controlling Interests		Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2020	222.0	$	22.2	$	2,843.4	$	(1,528.2)	$	(158.3)	$	(69.4)	$	(15.0)	$	(242.7)	$	1,094.7	$	0.9	$	1,095.6
Net income	—	—		—		35.5		—		—		—		—		35.5		—		35.5
Stock-based compensation	—	—		17.8		—		—		—		—		—		17.8		—		17.8
Vesting of shares related to equity compensation plans, net of amounts withheld for payment of taxes	1.3	0.1		(6.9)		—		—		—		—		—		(6.8)		—		(6.8)
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		—		(9.5)		—		(9.5)		(9.5)		—		(9.5)
Defined benefit plans actuarial gain	—	—		—		—		—		—		(3.2)		(3.2)		(3.2)		—		(3.2)
Unrealized gain on hedging instruments	—	—		—		—		20.1		—		—		20.1		20.1		—		20.1
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to the statement of operations	—	—		—		—		18.0		—		—		18.0		18.0		—		18.0
Balance as of June 30, 2021	223.3	$	22.3	$	2,854.3	$	(1,492.7)	$	(120.2)	$	(78.9)	$	(18.2)	$	(217.3)	$	1,166.6	$	0.9	$	1,167.5

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Cushman & Wakefield plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2022		2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	142.7	$	35.5
Reconciliation of net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	80.3		85.6
Impairment charges	0.1		13.8
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss	(9.7)		3.2
Stock-based compensation	20.5		17.8
Lease amortization	49.8		51.0
Amortization of debt issuance costs	3.5		4.7
Earnings from equity method investments, net of dividends received	(21.9)		(6.4)
Change in deferred taxes	(38.7)		13.7
Provision for loss on receivables and other assets	9.9		21.4
Loss on disposal of business	14.0		—
Unrealized loss (gain) on equity securities	48.8		(6.1)
Other operating activities, net	(6.8)		(11.3)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Trade and other receivables	(159.6)		52.4
Income taxes payable	(54.1)		(29.8)
Short-term contract assets and Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(146.9)		(67.3)
Other non-current assets	(94.9)		(33.1)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	13.1		(7.0)
Accrued compensation	(85.0)		10.6
Other current and non-current liabilities	(11.4)		(61.8)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(246.3)		86.9
Cash flows from investing activities
Payment for property and equipment	(30.5)		(20.9)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(19.2)		—
Investments in equity securities and equity method joint ventures	(18.3)		(20.6)
Collection on beneficial interest in a securitization	80.0		—
Other investing activities, net	(9.4)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	2.6		(41.5)
Cash flows from financing activities
Shares repurchased for payment of employee taxes on stock awards	(26.6)		(7.6)
Payment of contingent consideration	(0.1)		(1.2)
Repayment of borrowings	(13.3)		(13.3)
Payment of finance lease liabilities	(7.7)		(6.3)
Other financing activities, net	2.4		0.8
Net cash used in financing activities	(45.3)		(27.6)

Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(289.0)		17.8
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of the period	890.3		1,164.1
Effects of exchange rate fluctuations on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(18.6)		(2.2)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of the period	$	582.7	$	1,179.7

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Cushman & Wakefield plc

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 1: Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP" or "GAAP") and in conformity with rules applicable to quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of June 30, 2022 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 are unaudited. All adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, except as otherwise noted, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for these interim periods have been included.

Readers of this unaudited condensed consolidated quarterly financial information should refer to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto of Cushman & Wakefield plc and its subsidiaries (“Cushman & Wakefield,” the "Company,” “we,” “our” and “us”) for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and also available on our website (www.cushmanwakefield.com). Certain footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate those contained in such audited financial statements or which are not required by the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial statement presentation have been condensed or omitted.

Refer to Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the Company's accounting policies and estimates.

Due to seasonality, the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022.

The Company provides for the effects of income taxes on interim financial statements based on estimates of the effective tax rate for the full year, which is based on forecasted income by country and enacted tax rates.

Note 2: New Accounting Standards

The Company has adopted the following new accounting standards that have been recently issued:

Business Combinations

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2021-08, Business Combinations: Accounting for Contract Asset and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires that an acquirer in a business combination recognize and measure contract assets and liabilities acquired in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("Topic 606") as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. The Company early adopted the ASU effective January 1, 2022, with no impact to its financial statements and related disclosures.

Government Assistance

In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance, which requires certain disclosures when companies have received government assistance and use a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy to other accounting guidance. A company that has received government assistance must provide disclosures related to the nature of the transaction, accounting policies used to account for the transaction, and the amounts and financial statement line items that are affected by the transaction. The Company prospectively adopted the ASU effective January 1, 2022, with no impact to its financial statements and related disclosures.

Fair Value Measurement

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions, which clarifies that a company should not consider contractual restrictions on the sale of equity securities in measuring fair value. This ASU clarifies the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820"), on the fair value measurement of equity securities that are subject to a contractual sale restriction and requires specific disclosures related to such equity securities. The Company early adopted this ASU effective July 1, 2022, with no impact to its financial statements and related disclosures.

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Note 3: Segment Data

The Company reports its operations through the following segments: (1) Americas, (2) Europe, Middle East and Africa ("EMEA") and (3) Asia Pacific ("APAC"). The Americas consists of operations located in the United States, Canada and key markets in Latin America. EMEA includes operations in the U.K., France, Netherlands and other markets in Europe and the Middle East. APAC includes operations in Australia, Singapore, China and other markets in the Asia Pacific region.

Adjusted EBITDA is the profitability metric reported to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for purposes of making decisions about allocation of resources to each segment and assessing performance of each segment. The Company believes that investors find this measure useful in comparing our operating performance to that of other companies in our industry because this measure generally illustrates the underlying performance of the business before integration and other costs related to merger, pre-IPO stock-based compensation, unrealized (gains) / losses on investments, acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives, and other items. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes the effects of financings, income tax and the non-cash accounting effects of depreciation and intangible asset amortization.

As segment assets are not reported to or used by the CODM to measure business performance or allocate resources, total segment assets and capital expenditures are not presented below.

Summarized financial information by segment is as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		% Change		2022		2021		% Change
Total revenue
Americas	$	2,011.4	$	1,680.2	20	%	$	3,796.8	$	3,105.1	22	%
EMEA	271.9		264.1		3	%	509.5		488.0		4	%
APAC	329.3		304.0		8	%	637.3		579.0		10	%
Total revenue	$	2,612.6	$	2,248.3	16	%	$	4,943.6	$	4,172.1	18	%

Adjusted EBITDA
Americas	$	210.5	$	157.1	34	%	$	386.5	$	234.9	65	%
EMEA	35.3		31.9		11	%	52.0		34.3		52	%
APAC	17.0		30.9		(45)	%	38.6		50.4		(23)	%

Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Adjusted EBITDA - Americas	$	210.5	$	157.1	$	386.5	$	234.9
Adjusted EBITDA - EMEA	35.3		31.9		52.0		34.3
Adjusted EBITDA - APAC	17.0		30.9		38.6		50.4
Add/(less):
Depreciation and amortization	(39.7)		(42.5)		(80.3)		(85.6)
Interest expense, net of interest income	(46.1)		(43.8)		(89.3)		(86.2)
Provision for income taxes	(25.8)		(43.2)		(56.4)		(15.2)
Unrealized (loss) gain on investments, net	(27.3)		6.1		(48.8)		6.1
Integration and other costs related to merger	(4.3)		(5.6)		(7.9)		(21.8)
Pre-IPO stock-based compensation	(1.0)		(1.5)		(1.7)		(3.1)
Acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives	(17.8)		(33.3)		(35.0)		(73.5)
Other	(3.6)		(3.4)		(15.0)		(4.8)
Net income	$	97.2	$	52.7	$	142.7	$	35.5

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Note 4: Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing Net income by the weighted average shares outstanding. The following is a calculation of EPS (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic EPS
Net income	$	97.2	$	52.7	$	142.7	$	35.5
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	225.6		223.0		225.1		222.7
Basic earnings per share attributable to common shareholders	$	0.43	$	0.24	$	0.63	$	0.16
Diluted EPS
Net income	$	97.2	$	52.7	$	142.7	$	35.5
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	225.6		223.0		225.1		222.7
Dilutive effect of restricted stock units	1.7		2.1		2.5		1.4
Dilutive effective of stock options	0.7		1.2		1.0		1.0
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share	228.0		226.3		228.6		225.1
Diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders	$	0.43	$	0.23	$	0.62	$	0.16

Note 5: Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables disaggregate revenue by reportable segment and service line (in millions):


		Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Revenue recognition timing	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Property, facilities and project management	Over time	$	1,196.2	$	117.9	$	242.9	$	1,557.0
Leasing	At a point in time	451.7		64.4		42.5		558.6
Capital markets	At a point in time	309.9		45.5		12.9		368.3
Valuation and other	At a point in time or over time	53.6		44.1		31.0		128.7
Total revenue		$	2,011.4	$	271.9	$	329.3	$	2,612.6


		Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Revenue recognition timing	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Property, facilities and project management	Over time	$	1,050.1	$	125.1	$	207.5	$	1,382.7
Leasing	At a point in time	344.7		60.2		52.8		457.7
Capital markets	At a point in time	240.5		33.0		9.6		283.1
Valuation and other	At a point in time or over time	44.9		45.8		34.1		124.8
Total revenue		$	1,680.2	$	264.1	$	304.0	$	2,248.3

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		Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Revenue recognition timing	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Property, facilities and project management	Over time	$	2,318.9	$	232.6	$	465.6	$	3,017.1
Leasing	At a point in time	824.6		114.0		79.7		1,018.3
Capital markets	At a point in time	551.8		74.3		31.7		657.8
Valuation and other	At a point in time or over time	101.5		88.6		60.3		250.4
Total revenue		$	3,796.8	$	509.5	$	637.3	$	4,943.6


		Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Revenue recognition timing	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Property, facilities and project management	Over time	$	2,081.0	$	239.1	$	412.8	$	2,732.9
Leasing	At a point in time	567.5		102.8		82.2		752.5
Capital markets	At a point in time	374.3		55.3		20.3		449.9
Valuation and other	At a point in time or over time	82.3		90.8		63.7		236.8
Total revenue		$	3,105.1	$	488.0	$	579.0	$	4,172.1

Contract Balances

The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules; accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract assets include amounts related to the contractual right to consideration for completed performance not yet invoiced or able to be invoiced. Contract liabilities are recorded when cash payments are received in advance of performance, including amounts which are refundable.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had contract assets of $451.7 million and $337.4 million, respectively, which were recorded in Short-term contract assets, net, and $74.1 million and $71.1 million, respectively, which were recorded in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company also recorded contract asset allowances of $20.3 million and $18.5 million, respectively, within Short-term contract assets, net. The Company had no material asset impairment charges related to contract assets in the periods presented.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had contract liabilities of $48.0 million and $62.8 million, respectively, which were recorded in Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.

Exemptions

The Company incurs incremental costs to obtain new contracts across certain of its service lines. As the amortization period of those expenses is 12 months or less, the Company expenses those incremental costs of obtaining the contracts in accordance with Topic 606.

Remaining performance obligations represent the aggregate transaction prices for contracts where the performance obligations have not yet been satisfied. In accordance with Topic 606, the Company does not disclose unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) variable consideration for services performed as a series of daily performance obligations, such as those performed within the Property, facilities and project management service line. Performance obligations within these businesses represent a significant portion of the Company's contracts with customers not expected to be completed within 12 months.

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Note 6: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2022 (in millions):


	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	1,511.2	$	317.2	$	253.5	$	2,081.9
Acquisitions	6.3		—		5.6		11.9
Measurement period adjustments	—		—		—		—
Effect of movements in exchange rates and other	(1.3)		(29.1)		(13.0)		(43.4)
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	1,516.2	$	288.1	$	246.1	$	2,050.4

Portions of goodwill are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar; therefore, a portion of the movements in the reported book value of these balances is attributable to movements in foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company identified immaterial measurement period adjustments during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and adjusted the provisional goodwill amounts recognized.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, no impairments of goodwill were recognized as the estimated fair value of each of the identified reporting units was in excess of its carrying value.

The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of intangible assets (in millions):


		As of June 30, 2022
	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Value
C&W trade name	Indefinite	$	546.0	$	—	$	546.0
Customer relationships	1 - 15	$	1,364.9	$	(1,015.3)	$	349.6
Other intangible assets	5 - 7	$	16.9	$	(13.5)	$	3.4
Total intangible assets		$	1,927.8	$	(1,028.8)	$	899.0

		As of December 31, 2021
	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Value
C&W trade name	Indefinite	$	546.0	$	—	$	546.0
Customer relationships	1 - 15	1,380.7		(1,009.0)		371.7
Other intangible assets	2 - 13	17.3		(12.8)		4.5
Total intangible assets		$	1,944.0	$	(1,021.8)	$	922.2

Amortization expense was $16.1 million and $16.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $31.9 million and $33.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

No impairments of intangible assets were recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both business operations and economic conditions, including interest rate risk and foreign exchange risk. To mitigate the impact of interest rate and foreign exchange risk, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments. The Company maintains the majority of its overall interest rate exposure on floating rate borrowings to a fixed-rate basis, primarily with interest rate swap agreements. The Company manages exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations primarily through short-term forward contracts.

There have been no significant changes to the interest rate and foreign exchange risk management objectives from those disclosed in the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

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Interest Rate Derivative Instruments

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's active interest rate hedging instruments consist of five interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges. The Company's hedge instrument balances as of June 30, 2022 relate solely to these interest rate swaps. The hedge instruments expire in August 2025 and are further described below.

The Company records changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and subsequently reclassifies the changes into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were $7.9 million in pre-tax gains and $83.6 million in pre-tax losses, respectively, included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to these agreements, which will be reclassified to Interest expense, net of interest income as interest payments are made in accordance with the 2018 Credit Agreement; refer to Note 8: Long-Term Debt and Other Borrowings for discussion of this agreement. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $4.1 million will be reclassified to Interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Non-designated Foreign Exchange Derivative Instruments

Additionally, the Company enters into short-term forward contracts to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that would adversely impact some of the Company’s foreign currency denominated transactions. Hedge accounting was not elected for any of these contracts. As such, changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded directly in earnings. The Company recognized realized losses of $5.3 million, offset by unrealized gains of $4.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022; and realized losses of $11.2 million, offset by unrealized gains of $9.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022, related to these foreign currency forward contracts. No material net fair value gains or losses were recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had 23 and 19 foreign currency exchange forward contracts outstanding covering a notional amount of $732.3 million and $642.7 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company has not posted and does not hold any collateral related to these agreements.

The following table presents the fair value of derivatives as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in millions):


			June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	June 30, 2022		Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
Derivative Instrument	Notional		Fair Value		Fair Value		Fair Value		Fair Value
Designated:
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	$	1,423.6	$	7.9	$	—	$	—	$	84.0
Non-designated:
Foreign currency forward contracts	732.3		1.2		0.8		0.9		1.1

The fair value of interest rate swaps is included within Other non-current assets as of June 30, 2022 and Other non-current liabilities as of December 31, 2021 in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of foreign currency forward contracts is included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not net derivatives in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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The following table presents the effect of derivatives designated as hedges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):


	Beginning Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Gain)		Amount of Loss (Gain) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Loss on Derivatives		Amount of (Loss) Gain Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Statement of Operations(1)		Ending Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Gain)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Interest rate cash flow hedges	$	14.0	$	(14.5)	$	(7.4)	$	(7.9)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Interest rate cash flow hedges	$	121.4	$	8.4	$	(9.6)	$	120.2

(1) Amount is net of related income tax expense of $0.0 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Losses of $7.4 million and $9.1 million were reclassified into earnings during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to interest rate hedges and were recognized in Interest expense, net of interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table presents the effect of derivatives designated as hedges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):


	Beginning Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Gain)		Amount of Loss (Gain) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Loss on Derivatives		Amount of (Loss) Gain Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Statement of Operations(1)		Ending Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Gain)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Interest rate cash flow hedges	$	84.2	$	(75.2)	$	(16.9)	$	(7.9)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Interest rate cash flow hedges	$	158.9	$	(20.1)	$	(18.6)	$	120.2

(1) Amount is net of related income tax expense of $0.0 million and $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Losses of $16.9 million and $17.0 million were reclassified into earnings during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to interest rate hedges and were recognized in Interest expense, net of interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Note 8: Long-Term Debt and Other Borrowings

Long-term debt consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of
	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Collateralized:
2018 First Lien Loan, net of unamortized discount and issuance costs of $22.4 million and $25.8 million, respectively	$	2,583.9	$	2,593.8
2020 Senior Secured Notes, net of unamortized issuance costs of $8.5 million and $9.2 million, respectively	641.5		640.8
Finance lease liability	25.9		23.2
Notes payable to former stockholders	0.2		0.2
Total	3,251.5		3,258.0
Less: current portion of long-term debt	(39.3)		(37.5)
Total Long-term debt, net	$	3,212.2	$	3,220.5

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2018 Credit Agreement

On August 21, 2018, the Company entered into an initial $3.5 billion credit agreement (as amended, the "2018 Credit Agreement"), comprised of an initial $2.7 billion senior secured term loan (the "2018 First Lien Loan") and an initial $810.0 million revolving credit facility (the "Revolver").

2018 First Lien Loan

Net proceeds from the 2018 First Lien Loan were $2.7 billion ($2.7 billion aggregate principal amount less $13.5 million stated discount and $20.6 million in debt transaction costs).

On January 20, 2020, the Company refinanced the 2018 First Lien Loan under materially the same terms, incurring an additional $11.1 million in debt transaction costs. The 2018 First Lien Loan matures on August 21, 2025.

The 2018 First Lien Loan bears interest at a variable interest rate that the Company may select per the terms of the 2018 Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2022, the rate is equal to 1-month LIBOR plus 2.75%. As of June 30, 2022, the effective interest rate of the 2018 First Lien Loan was 4.70%.

The 2018 First Lien Loan requires quarterly principal payments equal to 0.25% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2018 First Lien Loan, including incremental borrowings.

Revolver

On December 20, 2019, the Company amended the 2018 Credit Agreement to increase the aggregate commitments under the Revolver by $210.0 million, incurring an additional $0.5 million in debt transaction costs.

On April 28, 2022, the Company amended the 2018 Credit Agreement to (i) increase the aggregate commitments under the Revolver by $80.0 million, extending its borrowing capacity from $1.0 billion to $1.1 billion, (ii) extended the maturity date from August 21, 2023 to April 28, 2027, (iii) replaced the LIBOR rate with Term SOFR plus an applicable rate, and (iv) added incentives linked to sustainability features based on our greenhouse gas emission targets. The Company incurred an additional $3.7 million in debt transaction costs in connection with this amendment.

Borrowings under the Revolver, if any, bear interest at our option, at rates varying from 1.75% to 2.75% based on achievement of certain Net Leverage Ratios (as defined in the 2018 Credit Agreement). The Company’s Revolver was undrawn as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Financial Covenant and Terms

The 2018 Credit Agreement has a springing financial covenant, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter if the outstanding loans under the Revolver exceed an applicable threshold. If the financial covenant is triggered, the Net Leverage Ratio is tested for compliance not to exceed 5.00 to 1.00.

The Company was in compliance with all of the covenants under the 2018 Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

2020 Senior Secured Notes

On May 22, 2020, the Company issued $650.0 million of senior secured notes due May 15, 2028 (the "2020 Notes"). Net proceeds from the 2020 Notes were $638.5 million, consisting of a $650.0 million aggregate principal amount less $11.5 million from issuance costs. The 2020 Notes were offered in a private placement exempt from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The 2020 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 6.75% and yielded an effective interest rate of 7.00% as of June 30, 2022.

Note 9: Commitments and Contingencies

Guarantees

The Company’s guarantees primarily relate to requirements under certain client service contracts and have arisen through the normal course of business. These guarantees, with certain financial institutions, have both open and closed-ended terms, with remaining closed-ended terms up to 7.0 years and maximum potential future payments of approximately $47.8 million in the aggregate. None of these guarantees are individually material to the Company’s operating results, financial position or liquidity. The Company considers the future payment or performance related to non-performance under these guarantees to be remote.

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Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to various claims and litigation. Many of these claims are covered under the Company’s current insurance programs, subject to self-insurance levels and deductibles. The Company is also subject to threatened or pending legal actions arising from activities of contractors. Such liabilities include the potential costs to settle litigation. A liability is recorded for the potential costs of carrying out further works based on known claims and previous claims history, and for losses from litigation that are probable and estimable. A liability is also recorded for the Company’s incurred but not reported ("IBNR") claims, based on assessment using prior claims history.

Claims liabilities are presented as Other current liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, contingent liabilities recorded within Other current liabilities were $145.0 million and $106.5 million, respectively, and contingent liabilities recorded within Other non-current liabilities were $22.6 million and $19.5 million, respectively. These contingent liabilities are made up of errors and omissions ("E&O") claims, workers’ compensation insurance liabilities and other claims and contingent liabilities. At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, E&O and other claims were $50.0 million and $40.2 million, respectively, and workers’ compensation liabilities were $117.6 million and $85.8 million, respectively, included within Other current liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The ultimate settlement of these matters may result in payments materially in excess of the amounts recorded due to their contingent nature and the inherent uncertainties of settlement proceedings.

The Company had insurance recoverable balances for E&O claims as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 totaling $9.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively.

Note 10: Related Party Transactions

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had receivables from affiliates of $46.6 million and $42.5 million, respectively, that are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and $289.6 million and $205.9 million, respectively, that are included in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts primarily represent prepaid commissions, retention and sign-on bonuses to brokers and other items such as travel and other advances to employees.

Note 11: Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures certain assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC 820, which defines fair value as the price that would be received for an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. In addition, ASC 820 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value as follows:

•Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); and

•Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are based on unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data.

There were no significant transfers between the three levels of the fair value hierarchy for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and or year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no significant changes to the valuation techniques and inputs used to develop the recurring fair value measurements from those disclosed in the Company's audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Financial Instruments

The Company's financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, deferred purchase price receivable ("DPP"), restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses, short-term borrowings, long-term debt, interest rate swaps and foreign exchange contracts. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates the fair value of these instruments. Certain money market funds in which the Company has invested are highly liquid and considered cash equivalents. These funds are valued at the per unit rate published as the basis for current transactions.

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The estimated fair value of external debt was $3.1 billion and $3.3 billion as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These instruments were valued using dealer quotes that are classified as Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. The gross carrying value of the debt was $3.3 billion and $3.3 billion as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which excludes debt issuance costs. See Note 8: Long-Term Debt and Other Borrowings for additional information.

The estimated fair value of interest rate swaps and foreign currency forward contracts are determined based on the expected cash flows of each derivative. The valuation method reflects the contractual period and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate and foreign currency forward curves.

Investments in Real Estate Ventures

The Company directly invests in early stage proptech companies, real estate venture capital funds, and other real estate companies across various sectors. The Company typically reports these investments at cost, less impairment charges, and adjusts to fair value if the Company identifies observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar instruments of the same issuer.

Investments in early stage proptech companies or other real estate companies are typically fair valued as a result of pricing observed in subsequent funding rounds. These investments are not fair valued on a recurring basis and as such have been excluded from the fair value hierarchy table. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, investments in early stage proptech companies had a fair value of approximately $32.0 million and $24.0 million, respectively, included in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In October 2021, the Company made a strategic investment of $150.0 million in WeWork, which is accounted for as an investment in equity securities reported at fair value, included in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As quoted market prices for identical assets are available, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment, and mark to market gains and losses are recognized on a recurring basis.

Investments in real estate venture capital funds are fair valued using the net asset value ("NAV") per share (or its equivalent) provided by investees. Critical inputs to NAV estimates include valuations of the underlying real estate assets and borrowings, which incorporate investment-specific assumptions such as discount rates, capitalization rates, rental and expense growth rates, and asset-specific market borrowing rates. As these investments are not required to be classified in the fair value hierarchy, they have been excluded from the fair value hierarchy table. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, investments in real estate venture capital funds had a fair value of approximately $66.3 million and $54.1 million, respectively, included in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company adjusts these investments to their fair values each reporting period, and the changes are reflected in Other (expense) income, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized an unrealized loss of $27.0 million related to our investment in WeWork, and immaterial losses from other fair value investments. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized an unrealized loss of $53.7 million related to our investment in WeWork, offset by unrealized gains of $4.9 million from other fair value investments. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized an unrealized gain of $6.1 million from other fair value investments.

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Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in millions):


	As of June 30, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents - money market funds	$	0.9	$	0.9	$	—	$	—
Deferred compensation plan assets	31.9		31.9		—		—
Foreign currency forward contracts	1.2		—		1.2		—
Interest rate swap agreements	7.9		—		7.9		—
Deferred purchase price receivable	88.9		—		—		88.9
Equity securities	75.3		75.3		—		—
Total	$	206.1	$	108.1	$	9.1	$	88.9
Liabilities
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	$	32.7	$	32.7	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	0.8		—		0.8		—
Earn-out liabilities	24.1		—		—		24.1
Total	$	57.6	$	32.7	$	0.8	$	24.1


	As of December 31, 2021
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents - money market funds	$	45.2	$	45.2	$	—	$	—
Deferred compensation plan assets	47.2		47.2		—		—
Foreign currency forward contracts	0.9		—		0.9		—
Deferred purchase price receivable	142.3		—		—		142.3
Equity securities	129.0		129.0		—		—
Total	364.6		221.4		0.9		142.3
Liabilities
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	$	47.4	$	47.4	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	1.1		—		1.1		—
Interest rate swap agreements	84.0		—		84.0		—
Earn-out liabilities	21.4		—		—		21.4
Total	$	153.9	$	47.4	$	85.1	$	21.4

Deferred Compensation Plans

Prior to 2017, the Company provided deferred compensation plans to certain U.S. employees whereby the employee could defer a portion of employee compensation, which the Company would hold in trust, enabling the employees to defer tax on compensation until payment is made to them from the trust. These plans are frozen. The employees continue to be at risk for any investment fluctuations of the funds held in trust.

The Company adopted a new deferred compensation plan, which become effective on January 1, 2019. The plan allows highly-compensated employees to defer a portion of compensation, enabling the employee to defer tax on compensation until payment is made. Deferred compensation is credited into an account denominated in ordinary shares of the Company in a number determined based on the fair market value of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of the deposit. All payments are made in ordinary shares.

The fair value of assets and liabilities of these plans is based on the value of the underlying investments using quoted prices in active markets at period end. Deferred compensation plan assets are presented within Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred compensation liabilities are presented within Accrued compensation and Other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts and Interest Rate Swap Agreements

Refer to Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities for discussion of the fair value associated with these derivative assets and liabilities.

Deferred Purchase Price Receivable

The Company recorded a DPP under its Accounts Receivable ("A/R") Securitization program upon the initial sale of trade receivables. The DPP represents the difference between the fair value of the trade receivables sold and the cash purchase price and is recognized at fair value as part of the sale transaction. The DPP is subsequently remeasured each reporting period in order to account for activity during the period, such as the seller’s interest in any newly transferred receivables, collections on previously transferred receivables attributable to the DPP and changes in estimates for credit losses. Changes in the DPP attributed to changes in estimates for credit losses are expected to be immaterial, as the underlying receivables are short-term and of high credit quality. The DPP is included in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is valued using unobservable inputs (i.e., Level 3 inputs), primarily discounted cash flows. Refer to Note 12: Accounts Receivable Securitization for more information.

Earn-out Liabilities

The Company has various contractual obligations associated with the acquisition of several real estate service companies in the United States, Australia, Canada and Europe, including contingent consideration, comprised of earn-out payments to the sellers subject to achievement of certain performance criteria in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the purchase agreements. An increase to a probability of achievement would result in a higher fair value measurement.

The amounts disclosed in the table above are included in Other current liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had the potential to make a maximum of $29.2 million and a minimum of $0.0 million (undiscounted) in earn-out payments. Assuming the achievement of the applicable performance criteria, these earn-out payments will be made over the next five years.

Earn-out liabilities are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because the methodology used to develop the estimated fair value includes significant unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions. The fair value of earn-out liabilities is based on the present value of probability-weighted expected return method related to the earn-out performance criteria on each reporting date. The probabilities of achievement assigned to the performance criteria are determined based on due diligence performed at the time of acquisition as well as actual performance achieved subsequent to acquisition. Adjustments to the earn-out liabilities in periods subsequent to the completion of acquisitions are reflected within Operating, administrative and other in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The table below presents a reconciliation of earn-out liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in millions):


	Earn-out Liabilities
	2022		2021
Balance as of January 1,	$	21.4	$	21.0
Purchases/additions	3.4		—
Net change in fair value and other adjustments	(0.6)		(0.4)
Payments	(0.1)		(0.8)
Balance as of June 30,	$	24.1	$	19.8

Note 12: Accounts Receivable Securitization

The Company's A/R Securitization has an investment limit of $125.0 million and terminates on August 20, 2022. Under the A/R Securitization, certain of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries continuously sell (or contribute) receivables to certain wholly owned special purpose entities at fair market value. The special purpose entities then sell 100% of the receivables to an unaffiliated financial institution (the "Purchaser”). Although the special purpose entities are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, they are separate legal entities with their own separate creditors who will be entitled, upon their liquidation, to be satisfied out of their assets prior to any assets or value in such special purpose entities becoming available to their equity holders and their assets are not available to pay

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other creditors of the Company. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 the Company had $80.0 million and $0.0 million, respectively, drawn on the investment limit.

All transactions under the A/R Securitization are accounted for as a true sale in accordance with ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing ("Topic 860"). Following the sale and transfer of the receivables to the Purchaser, the receivables are legally isolated from the Company and its subsidiaries, and the Company sells, conveys, transfers and assigns to the Purchaser all its rights, title and interest in the receivables. Receivables sold are derecognized from the statement of financial position. The Company continues to service, administer and collect the receivables on behalf of the Purchaser, and recognizes a servicing liability in accordance with Topic 860. Any financial statement impact associated with the servicing liability was immaterial for all periods presented.

This program allows the Company to receive a cash payment and a DPP for sold receivables. The DPP is paid to the Company in cash on behalf of the Purchaser as the receivables are collected; however, due to the revolving nature of the A/R Securitization, cash collected from the Company’s customers is reinvested by the Purchaser daily in new receivable purchases under the A/R Securitization. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, receivables sold under the A/R securitization were $674.6 million and $627.6 million, respectively, and cash collections from customers on receivables sold were $651.3 million and $639.4 million, respectively, all of which were reinvested in new receivables purchases and are included in cash flows from operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the outstanding principal on receivables sold under the A/R Securitization was $182.0 million and $158.7 million, respectively. Refer to Note 11: Fair Value Measurements for additional discussion on the fair value of the DPP as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Note 13: Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets to the sum of such amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in millions):


	As of
	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	476.7	$	770.7
Restricted cash recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets	106.0		119.6
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	582.7	$	890.3

Supplemental cash flows and non-cash investing and financing activities are as follows (in millions):


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Cash paid for:
Interest	$	52.5	$	83.1
Income taxes	147.0		14.9
Operating leases	58.7		73.3
Non-cash investing/financing activities:
Property and equipment additions through finance leases	10.9		5.4
Deferred and contingent payment obligation incurred through acquisitions	12.3		—
Increase in beneficial interest in a securitization	26.7		(13.1)
Right of use assets obtained through operating leases	27.1		44.6

Note 14: Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through August 4, 2022, the date on which these financial statements were issued, and identified the following subsequent event to disclose:

On August 1, 2022, the Company amended the A/R Securitization program, effective August 22, 2022, to increase the investment facility limit to $200 million and extend the maturity date to June 2023.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Quarterly Report") and with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

As discussed in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may materially differ from those discussed in such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and Part II, Item 1A in this Quarterly Report. Our fiscal year ends December 31.

Overview

Cushman & Wakefield is a leading global commercial real estate services firm with an iconic brand and approximately 50,000 employees led by an experienced executive team. We operate from over 400 offices in approximately 60 countries, managing over 4.8 billion square feet of commercial real estate space on behalf of institutional, corporate and private clients. We serve the world's real estate owners and occupiers, delivering a broad suite of services through our integrated and scalable platform. Our business is focused on meeting the increasing demands of our clients through a comprehensive offering of services including Property, facilities and project management, Leasing, Capital markets and Valuation and other services.

Outlook and Recent Developments

Highlights from the first half and second quarter of 2022:

First Half Results:

•Revenue of $4.9 billion and service line fee revenue of $3.6 billion for the first half of 2022 increased 18% and 22%, respectively, from the first half of 2021.

◦Growth momentum continued across all segments and service lines, led by the Americas.

•Net income and earnings per share for the first half of 2022 were $142.7 million and $0.62, respectively.

◦Adjusted EBITDA of $477.1 million increased 49% with Adjusted EBITDA margin of 13.2% expanding 240 basis points from the first half of 2021.

•Liquidity as of June 30, 2022 was $1.6 billion, consisting of availability on the Company's undrawn revolving credit facility of $1.1 billion and cash and cash equivalents of $0.5 billion.

Second Quarter Results:

•Revenue of $2.6 billion and service line fee revenue of $1.9 billion for the second quarter of 2022 increased 16% and 18%, respectively, from the second quarter of 2021.

◦Leasing and Capital markets grew 22% and 30%, respectively.

◦Property, facilities and project management grew 13%.

•Net income and earnings per share for the second quarter of 2022 were $97.2 million and $0.43, respectively.

•Adjusted EBITDA of $262.8 million increased 20% with Adjusted EBITDA margin of 13.7% expanding 22 basis points from the second quarter of 2021.

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Impact of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine Conflict

The ongoing presence of COVID-19 and the continuing negative macroeconomic impacts of the global pandemic continue to present risks to the Company. To date, we have not experienced significant disruptions in our operations or ability to service our clients, and we have been able to respond quickly to our customers' changing business demands related to COVID-19. However, the circumstances surrounding COVID-19 at a global level remain fluid, especially given the uncertainty of the severity and incidence of potential future variants of the virus and potential future lockdowns across Asia. We continue to monitor the situation and may take actions in the future that could affect our business operations and performance. These actions may result from requirements mandated by governmental authorities or that we determine to be in the best interests of our employees, customers, and shareholders.

In addition, the Russia-Ukraine conflict continues to affect global financial markets and has intensified ongoing economic challenges, including issues such as rising inflation and global supply-chain disruption. The degree to which the Company will be affected largely depends on the nature and duration of uncertain and unpredictable events, such as further military action, additional sanctions and reactions to ongoing developments by global capital markets. Political events and sanctions are continually changing and differ across the globe. In the first quarter of 2022, the Company disposed of its operations in Russia, which did not have a material impact to the Company's financial statements or future operations.

Despite any uncertainty that persists related to COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our working capital and other funding requirements with internally generated cash flows and, as necessary, cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. As discussed in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below, the Company had liquidity of approximately $1.6 billion as of June 30, 2022, comprising of cash and cash equivalents of $0.5 billion and an undrawn revolving credit facility of $1.1 billion.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. The estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience, current facts and circumstances, and on other factors that we believe to be reasonable. Actual results may differ from those estimates. We review these estimates on a periodic basis to ensure reasonableness. Although actual amounts may differ from such estimated amounts, we believe such differences are not likely to be material. For additional detail regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates, refer to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no material changes to these policies or estimates as of June 30, 2022.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to recently issued accounting pronouncements within Note 2: New Accounting Standards of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Items Affecting Comparability

When reading our financial statements and the information included in this Quarterly Report, it should be considered that we have experienced, and continue to experience, several material trends and uncertainties that have affected our financial condition and results of operations and could affect future performance. We believe that the following material trends and uncertainties are important to understand the variability of our historical earnings and cash flows and any potential future variability.

Macroeconomic Conditions

Our results of operations are significantly impacted by economic trends, government policies and the global and regional real estate markets. These include the following: overall economic activity, changes in interest rates, inflation, the impact of tax and regulatory policies, changes in employment rates, level of commercial construction spending, the cost and availability of credit, the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic, demand for commercial real estate, and the geopolitical environment including the uncertainty affecting global financial markets stemming from the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

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Our operating model helps to partially mitigate the negative effect of difficult market conditions on our margins as a substantial portion of our costs are variable compensation expenses, specifically commissions and bonuses paid to our professionals in our Leasing and Capital markets service lines. Nevertheless, adverse economic trends could pose significant risks to our operating performance and financial condition.

Acquisitions

Our results include the incremental impact of completed transactions from the date of acquisition, which may impact the comparability of our results on a year-over-year basis. Additionally, there is generally an adverse impact on net income for a period of time after the completion of an acquisition driven by transaction-related and integration expenses. We have historically used strategic and in-fill acquisitions, as well as joint ventures, to add new service capabilities, to increase our scale within existing capabilities and to expand our presence in new or existing geographic regions globally. We believe that strategic acquisitions and partnerships will increase revenue, provide cost synergies and generate incremental income in the long term.

Seasonality

A significant portion of our revenue is seasonal, especially for service lines such as Leasing and Capital markets. This impacts the comparison of our financial condition and results of operations on a quarter-by-quarter basis. Generally, our industry is focused on completing transactions by calendar year-end with a significant concentration of activity in the last quarter of the calendar year while certain expenses are recognized more evenly throughout the calendar year. Historically, our revenue and operating income tend to be lowest in the first quarter, and highest in the fourth quarter of each year. The property, facilities and project management service line partially mitigates this intra-year seasonality, due to the recurring nature of this service line, which generates more stable revenues throughout the year.

International Operations

Our business consists of service lines operating in multiple regions inside and outside of the U.S. Our international operations expose us to global economic trends as well as foreign government tax, regulatory and policy measures.

Additionally, outside of the U.S., we generate earnings in other currencies and are subject to fluctuations relative to the U.S. dollar ("USD"). As we continue to grow our international operations through acquisitions and organic growth, these currency fluctuations, most notably the Australian dollar, euro and British pound sterling, have the potential to positively or adversely affect our operating results measured in USD. It can be difficult to compare period-over-period financial statements when the movement in currencies against the USD does not reflect trends in the local underlying business as reported in its local currency.

In order to assist our investors and improve comparability of results, we present the year-over-year changes in certain of our non-GAAP financial measures, such as Fee-based operating expenses and Adjusted EBITDA, in "local" currency. The local currency change represents the year-over-year change assuming no movement in foreign exchange rates from the prior year. We believe that this provides our management and investors with a better view of comparability and trends in the underlying operating business.

Key Performance Measures

We regularly review a number of metrics to evaluate our business, measure our progress and make strategic decisions. The measures include Segment operating expenses, Fee-based operating expenses, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA margin. Certain of these metrics are non-GAAP measures currently utilized by management to assess performance, and we disclose these measures to investors to assist them in providing a meaningful understanding of our performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" and "Results of Operations" below.

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Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We have used the following measures, which are considered "non-GAAP financial measures" under SEC guidelines:

i.Segment operating expenses and Fee-based operating expenses;

ii.Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") and Adjusted EBITDA margin; and

iii.Local currency.

Our management principally uses these non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate operating performance, develop budgets and forecasts, improve comparability of results and assist our investors in analyzing the underlying performance of our business. These measures are not recognized measurements under GAAP. When analyzing our operating results, investors should use them in addition to, but not as an alternative for, the most directly comparable financial results calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Because the Company’s calculation of these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from other companies, our presentation of these measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.

The Company believes that these measures provide a more complete understanding of ongoing operations, enhance comparability of current results to prior periods, and may be useful for investors to analyze our financial performance. The measures eliminate the impact of certain items that may obscure trends in the underlying performance of our business. The Company believes that they are useful to investors for the additional purposes described below.

Segment operating expenses and Fee-based operating expenses: Consistent with GAAP, reimbursed costs for certain customer contracts are presented on a gross basis in both revenue and operating expenses for which the Company recognizes substantially no margin. Total costs and expenses include segment operating expenses as well as other expenses such as depreciation and amortization, integration and other costs related to merger, pre-IPO stock-based compensation, and acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives. Segment operating expenses includes Fee-based operating expenses and Cost of gross contract reimbursables.

We believe Fee-based operating expenses more accurately reflects the costs we incur during the course of delivering services to our clients and is more consistent with how we manage our expense base and operating margins.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin: We have determined Adjusted EBITDA to be our primary measure of segment profitability. We believe that investors find this measure useful in comparing our operating performance to that of other companies in our industry because these calculations generally eliminate integration and other costs related to merger, pre-IPO stock-based compensation, unrealized (gains) / losses on investments, acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives and other items. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes the effects of financings, income tax and the non-cash accounting effects of depreciation and intangible asset amortization. Adjusted EBITDA margin, a non-GAAP measure of profitability as a percent of revenue, is measured against service line fee revenue.

Local currency: In discussing our results, we refer to percentage changes in local currency. These metrics are calculated by holding foreign currency exchange rates constant in year-over-year comparisons. Management believes that this methodology provides investors with greater visibility into the performance of our business excluding the effect of foreign currency rate fluctuations.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth items derived from our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency		2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency
Revenue:
Property, facilities and project management	$	868.8		$	769.8		13	%	16	%	$	1,709.8		$	1,537.9		11	%	13	%
Leasing	552.8			453.5			22	%	24	%	1,007.5			745.2			35	%	37	%
Capital markets	367.3			282.2			30	%	33	%	656.3			448.6			46	%	49	%
Valuation and other	127.5			124.2			3	%	8	%	247.6			235.6			5	%	9	%
Total service line fee revenue(1)	1,916.4			1,629.7			18	%	21	%	3,621.2			2,967.3			22	%	24	%
Gross contract reimbursables(2)	696.2			618.6			13	%	14	%	1,322.4			1,204.8			10	%	11	%
Total revenue	$	2,612.6		$	2,248.3		16	%	19	%	$	4,943.6		$	4,172.1		18	%	21	%

Costs and expenses:
Cost of services provided to clients	$	1,381.3		$	1,163.8		19	%	22	%	$	2,615.6		$	2,167.1		21	%	23	%
Cost of gross contract reimbursables	696.2			618.6			13	%	14	%	1,322.4			1,204.8			10	%	11	%
Total costs of services	2,077.5			1,782.4			17	%	19	%	3,938.0			3,371.9			17	%	19	%
Operating, administrative and other	317.5			284.2			12	%	15	%	610.9			565.0			8	%	10	%
Depreciation and amortization	39.7			42.5			(7)	%	(4)	%	80.3			85.6			(6)	%	(4)	%
Restructuring, impairment and related charges	1.3			14.7			(91)	%	(90)	%	2.5			32.3			(92)	%	(92)	%
Total costs and expenses	2,436.0			2,123.8			15	%	17	%	4,631.7			4,054.8			14	%	16	%
Operating income	176.6			124.5			42	%	45	%	311.9			117.3			166	%	171	%
Interest expense, net of interest income	(46.1)			(43.8)			5	%	8	%	(89.3)			(86.2)			4	%	6	%
Earnings from equity method investments	17.5			5.1			n.m.		n.m.		34.4			7.5			n.m.		n.m.
Other (expense) income, net	(25.0)			10.1			n.m.		n.m.		(57.9)			12.1			n.m.		n.m.
Earnings before income taxes	123.0			95.9			28	%	31	%	199.1			50.7			n.m.		n.m.
Provision for income taxes	25.8			43.2			(40)	%	(39)	%	56.4			15.2			n.m.		n.m.
Net income	$	97.2		$	52.7		84	%	88	%	$	142.7		$	35.5		n.m.		n.m.

Adjusted EBITDA	$	262.8		$	219.9		20	%	23	%	$	477.1		$	319.6		49	%	53	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin(3)	13.7		%	13.5		%					13.2		%	10.8		%

n.m. not meaningful

(1) Service line fee revenue represents revenue for fees generated from each of our service lines

(2) Gross contract reimbursables reflects revenue from clients which have substantially no margin

(3) Adjusted EBITDA margin is measured against Total service line fee revenue

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Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income	$	97.2	$	52.7	$	142.7	$	35.5
Add/(less):
Depreciation and amortization	39.7		42.5		80.3		85.6
Interest expense, net of interest income	46.1		43.8		89.3		86.2
Provision for income taxes	25.8		43.2		56.4		15.2
Unrealized loss (gain) on investments, net(1)	27.3		(6.1)		48.8		(6.1)
Integration and other costs related to merger(2)	4.3		5.6		7.9		21.8
Pre-IPO stock-based compensation(3)	1.0		1.5		1.7		3.1
Acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives(4)	17.8		33.3		35.0		73.5
Other(5)	3.6		3.4		15.0		4.8
Adjusted EBITDA	$	262.8	$	219.9	$	477.1	$	319.6

(1) Represents net unrealized losses on fair value investments during the six months ended June 30, 2022 primarily related to our investment in WeWork, which closed during the fourth quarter of 2021. An unrealized gain on investments of $6.1 million was recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

(2) Integration and other costs related to merger include certain direct and incremental integration and restructuring efforts.

(3) Pre-IPO stock-based compensation represents non-cash compensation expense associated with our pre-IPO equity compensation plans.

(4) Acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives reflect costs incurred to implement operating efficiency initiatives to allow the Company to be a nimbler and more agile partner to its clients, as well as incremental costs related to in-fill M&A.

(5) Other includes a loss of $13.8 million related to the disposal of operations in Russia recorded during the first quarter of 2022.

Below is a summary of Total costs and expenses (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Americas Fee-based operating expenses	$	1,219.7	$	1,002.3	$	2,306.4	$	1,856.5
EMEA Fee-based operating expenses	213.9		199.2		414.4		391.5
APAC Fee-based operating expenses	239.0		217.4		461.8		413.5
Cost of gross contract reimbursables	696.2		618.6		1,322.4		1,204.8
Segment operating expenses	2,368.8		2,037.5		4,505.0		3,866.3
Depreciation and amortization	39.7		42.5		80.3		85.6
Integration and other costs related to merger(1)	4.3		5.6		7.9		21.8
Pre-IPO stock-based compensation(2)	1.0		1.5		1.7		3.1
Acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives(3)	17.8		33.3		35.0		73.2
Other	4.4		3.4		1.8		4.8
Total costs and expenses	$	2,436.0	$	2,123.8	$	4,631.7	$	4,054.8

(1) Integration and other costs related to merger include certain direct and incremental integration and restructuring efforts.

(2) Pre-IPO stock-based compensation represents non-cash compensation expense associated with our pre-IPO equity compensation plans.

(3) Acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives reflect costs incurred to implement operating efficiency initiatives to allow the Company to be a nimbler and more agile partner to its clients, as well as incremental costs related to in-fill M&A.

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Three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021

Revenue

Revenue of $2.6 billion, an increase of $364.3 million or 16% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, reflects strong revenue growth across all segments. Americas, EMEA and APAC revenue growth was 20%, 3% and 8%, respectively, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Partially offsetting these trends were unfavorable foreign currency movements of $52.7 million or 3% as compared to the prior year. Service line fee revenue growth was led by our Leasing and Capital markets service lines which were up 22% and 30%, respectively. Leasing revenue growth was principally driven by steady momentum in the office sector, as well as the continued strength in the industrial sector. Capital markets revenue continued to demonstrate broad-based growth as investment fundamentals in commercial real estate assets remain favorable, including multi-family and industrial. Property, facilities and project management grew 13% driven by growth in our project management and facilities management businesses. Valuation and other and Gross contract reimbursables also grew 3% and 13%, respectively.

Costs of services

Costs of services of $2.1 billion increased $295.1 million or 17% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Cost of services provided to clients increased 19% principally due to higher variable costs, including commissions, as a result of higher brokerage revenue. Cost of gross contract reimbursables increased 13% driven by the continued growth in our Property, facilities and project management service line.

Operating, administrative and other

Operating, administrative and other expenses of $317.5 million increased by $33.3 million or 12% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, principally due to higher salaries and wages, as well as other compensation costs.

Restructuring, impairment and related charges

Restructuring, impairment and related charges were $1.3 million, a decrease of $13.4 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. This decrease principally reflects the reduction of severance-related costs and impairment charges in connection with the Company's previously announced strategic realignment of the business, which was substantially complete at the end of 2021.

Earnings from equity method investments

Earnings from equity method investments of $17.5 million increased by $12.4 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to the earnings recognized from our equity method investment with Greystone in the Americas, which was finalized in December 2021.

Other (expense) income, net

Other expense during the three months ended June 30, 2022 reflects net unrealized losses on fair value investments of $27.3 million, primarily related to our investment in WeWork, which closed in the fourth quarter of 2021, partially offset by royalty income. Comparatively, other income recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2021 reflects unrealized gains on fair value investments along with royalty income.

Provision for income taxes

Provision for income taxes for the second quarter of 2022 was $25.8 million on earnings before income taxes of $123.0 million. For the second quarter of 2021, the provision for income taxes was $43.2 million on earnings before income taxes of $95.9 million. The decrease in income tax expense from the prior period was primarily driven by a lower effective tax rate in the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year, due to changes in the jurisdictional mix of earnings.

Net income and Adjusted EBITDA

Net income of $97.2 million increased 84% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, principally due to the strong performance of brokerage activity as Leasing and Capital markets fee revenue increased 22% and 30%, respectively, as well as an increase in earnings recognized from our equity method investment with Greystone in the Americas.

Adjusted EBITDA of $262.8 million increased by $42.9 million or 20%. Adjusted EBITDA margin, measured against service line fee revenue, of 13.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, increased 22 basis points as compared to 13.5% in the three months ended June 30, 2021.

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Six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021

Revenue

Revenue of $4.9 billion, an increase of $771.5 million or 18% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, reflects strong revenue growth across all segments. Americas, EMEA and APAC revenue growth was 22%, 4% and 10%, respectively, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Partially offsetting these trends were unfavorable foreign currency movements of $75.7 million or 2% as compared to the prior year. Service line fee revenue growth was led by Leasing and Capital markets service lines which were up 35% and 46%, respectively. Leasing revenue growth was principally driven by steady momentum in the office sector, as well as the continued strength in the industrial sector. Capital markets revenue grew as investment fundamentals in commercial real estate assets continued to be favorable across most sectors, including multi-family and industrial. Property, facilities and project management grew 11% driven by growth in our project management and facilities management businesses. Valuation and other and Gross contract reimbursables also grew 5% and 10%, respectively. Geographically, Americas, EMEA and APAC contributed 89%, 3% and 8%, respectively, of the consolidated revenue growth.

Costs of services

Costs of services of $3.9 billion increased $566.1 million or 17% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Cost of services provided to clients increased 21% principally due to higher variable costs, including commissions, as a result of higher brokerage revenue. Cost of gross contract reimbursables increased 10% driven by the continued growth in our Property, facilities and project management service line.

Operating, administrative and other

Operating, administrative and other expenses of $610.9 million increased by $45.9 million or 8% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, principally driven by higher salaries and wages, as well as other compensation costs. Operating, administrative and other costs as a percentage of total revenue were 12% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to 14% for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Restructuring, impairment and related charges

Restructuring, impairment and related charges were $2.5 million, a decrease of $29.8 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. This decrease principally reflects the reduction of severance-related costs and impairment charges in connection with the Company's previously announced strategic realignment of the business, which was substantially complete at the end of 2021.

Earnings from equity method investments

Earnings from equity method investments of $34.4 million increased by $26.9 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to the earnings recognized from our equity method investment with Greystone in the Americas, which was finalized in December 2021.

Other (expense) income, net

Other expense was $57.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to other income of $12.1 million recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2021. This decline is primarily due to the net unrealized losses on fair value investments of $54.9 million, principally related to our investment in WeWork, which closed in the fourth quarter of 2021. In addition, the Company recognized a loss of $13.8 million in the first quarter of 2022 related to the disposal of operations in Russia.

Provision for income taxes

Provision for income taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $56.4 million on earnings before income taxes of $199.1 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the provision for income taxes was $15.2 million on earnings before income taxes of $50.7 million. The increase in income tax expense from the prior year was primarily driven by higher pre-tax earnings, partially offset by a lower effective tax rate, due to changes in the jurisdictional mix of earnings.

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Net income and Adjusted EBITDA

Net income of $142.7 million increased by $107.2 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, principally due to the strong performance of brokerage activity as Leasing and Capital markets fee revenue increased 35% and 46%, respectively, as well as an increase in earnings recognized from our equity method investment with Greystone in the Americas.

Adjusted EBITDA of $477.1 million increased by $157.5 million or 49%. As a result, Adjusted EBITDA margin, measured against service line fee revenue, of 13.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, increased 240 basis points as compared to 10.8% in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Segment Operations

We report our operations through the following segments: (1) Americas, (2) EMEA and (3) APAC. The Americas consists of operations located in the United States, Canada and key markets in Latin America. EMEA includes operations in the United Kingdom, France, Netherlands and other markets in Europe and the Middle East. APAC includes operations in Australia, Singapore, China and other markets in the Asia Pacific region.

For segment reporting, Service line fee revenue represents revenue for fees generated from each of our service lines. Gross contract reimbursables reflect revenue paid by clients which have substantially no margin. Our measure of segment results, Adjusted EBITDA, excludes depreciation and amortization, as well as integration and other costs related to merger, pre-IPO stock-based compensation, unrealized (gains) / losses on investments, acquisition related costs and efficiency initiatives, and other items.

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Americas Results

The following table summarizes our results of operations by our Americas operating segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency		2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency
Revenue:
Property, facilities and project management	$	605.3		$	533.0		14	%	14	%	$	1,196.5		$	1,073.8		11	%	12	%
Leasing	446.0			341.0			31	%	31	%	814.2			560.7			45	%	45	%
Capital markets	308.9			239.6			29	%	29	%	550.3			373.0			48	%	48	%
Valuation and other	53.1			44.6			19	%	19	%	100.3			81.9			22	%	23	%
Total service line fee revenue(1)	1,413.3			1,158.2			22	%	22	%	2,661.3			2,089.4			27	%	28	%
Gross contract reimbursables(2)	598.1			522.0			15	%	15	%	1,135.5			1,015.7			12	%	12	%
Total revenue	$	2,011.4		$	1,680.2		20	%	20	%	$	3,796.8		$	3,105.1		22	%	22	%

Costs and expenses:
Americas Fee-based operating expenses	$	1,219.7		$	1,002.3		22	%	22	%	$	2,306.4		$	1,856.5		24	%	24	%
Cost of gross contract reimbursables	598.1			522.0			15	%	15	%	1,135.5			1,015.7			12	%	12	%
Segment operating expenses	$	1,817.8		$	1,524.3		19	%	19	%	$	3,441.9		$	2,872.2		20	%	20	%

Adjusted EBITDA	$	210.5		$	157.1		34	%	34	%	$	386.5		$	234.9		65	%	65	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin(3)	14.9		%	13.6		%					14.5		%	11.2		%

(1) Service line fee revenue represents revenue for fees generated from each of our service lines

(2) Gross contract reimbursables reflects revenue from clients which have substantially no margin

(3) Adjusted EBITDA margin is measured against Total service line fee revenue

Americas: Three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021

Americas revenue in the second quarter of 2022 was $2.0 billion, an increase of $331.2 million or 20% from the second quarter of 2021. Revenue across all service lines increased, led by Leasing and Capital markets growth of 31% and 29%, respectively.

Fee-based operating expenses of $1.2 billion increased 22% principally due to higher variable costs, including commissions, associated with brokerage revenue growth and higher wages.

Adjusted EBITDA of $210.5 million increased $53.4 million or 34%, and resulted in margin expansion of 133 basis points, principally driven by earnings from our equity method investment with Greystone and strong brokerage activity.

Americas: Six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the Six months ended June 30, 2021

Americas revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $3.8 billion, an increase of $691.7 million or 22% from the six months ended June 30, 2021. Revenue across all service lines increased, led by Capital markets and Leasing growth of 48% and 45%, respectively. Property, facilities and project management and Gross contract reimbursables grew of 11% and 12%, respectively, as a result of growth in our facilities management and project management businesses.

Fee-based operating expenses of $2.3 billion increased 24% principally due to higher variable costs, including commissions, driven by higher brokerage revenue. As a result of disciplined cost management, Fee-based operating expenses as a percentage of Total service line fee revenue was 87% in the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 89% in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Adjusted EBITDA of $386.5 million increased $151.6 million or 65%, and resulted in margin expansion of 328 basis points, principally driven by earnings from our equity method investment with Greystone and strong brokerage activity and disciplined cost management.

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EMEA Results

The following table summarizes our results of operations by our EMEA operating segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency		2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency
Revenue:
Property, facilities and project management	$	95.3		$	91.4		4	%	18	%	$	188.9		$	175.1		8	%	18	%
Leasing	64.3			59.7			8	%	21	%	113.6			102.3			11	%	22	%
Capital markets	45.5			33.0			38	%	56	%	74.3			55.3			34	%	49	%
Valuation and other	43.5			45.4			(4)	%	8	%	87.1			89.9			(3)	%	6	%
Total service line fee revenue(1)	248.6			229.5			8	%	22	%	463.9			422.6			10	%	21	%
Gross contract reimbursables(2)	23.3			34.6			(33)	%	(25)	%	45.6			65.4			(30)	%	(24)	%
Total revenue	$	271.9		$	264.1		3	%	16	%	$	509.5		$	488.0		4	%	15	%

Costs and expenses:
EMEA Fee-based operating expenses	$	213.9		$	199.2		7	%	21	%	$	414.4		$	391.5		6	%	16	%
Cost of gross contract reimbursables	23.3			34.6			(33)	%	(24)	%	45.6			65.4			(30)	%	(24)	%
Segment operating expenses	$	237.2		$	233.8		1	%	14	%	$	460.0		$	456.9		1	%	10	%

Adjusted EBITDA	$	35.3		$	31.9		11	%	29	%	$	52.0		$	34.3		52	%	76	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin(3)	14.2		%	13.9		%					11.2		%	8.1		%

(1) Service line fee revenue represents revenue for fees generated from each of our service lines

(2) Gross contract reimbursables reflects revenue from clients which have substantially no margin

(3) Adjusted EBITDA margin is measured against Total service line fee revenue

EMEA: Three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021

EMEA revenue in the second quarter of 2022 was $271.9 million, an increase of $7.8 million or 3% from the second quarter of 2021. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign currency of $32.7 million, EMEA revenue grew by 16% on a local currency basis. Revenue growth was principally driven by Capital markets and Leasing growth of 56% and 21%, respectively, on a local currency basis, as well as Property, facilities and project management of 18% on a local currency basis. Gross contract reimbursables declined 25% on a local currency basis driven by changes in our customer mix from the prior year.

Fee-based operating expenses of $213.9 million increased 21% on a local currency basis principally due to higher variable costs associated with service line fee revenue growth.

Adjusted EBITDA of $35.3 million increased $3.4 million, resulting in margin expansion of 30 basis points, principally driven by Capital markets and Leasing revenue growth.

EMEA: Six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021

EMEA revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $509.5 million, an increase of $21.5 million or 4% from the six months ended June 30, 2021. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign currency of $46.2 million, EMEA revenue grew by 15% on a local currency basis. Revenue growth was principally driven by Capital markets and Leasing growth of 49% and 22%, respectively, on a local currency basis, as well as Property, facilities and project management of 18% on a local currency basis. Gross contract reimbursables declined 24% on a local currency basis driven by changes in our customer mix from the prior year.

Fee-based operating expenses of $414.4 million increased 16% on a local currency basis principally due to higher variable costs associated with revenue growth in our Project, facilities and project management service line. As a result of disciplined cost management, Fee-based operating expenses as a percentage of Total service line fee revenue was 89% in the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to 93% in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Adjusted EBITDA of $52.0 million increased $17.7 million, resulting in margin expansion of 309 basis points, principally driven by Leasing and Capital markets revenue growth and disciplined cost management.

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APAC Results

The following table summarizes our results of operations by our APAC operating segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency		2022			2021			% Change in USD		% Change in Local Currency
Revenue:
Property, facilities and project management	$	168.2		$	145.4		16	%	22	%	$	324.4		$	289.0		12	%	17	%
Leasing	42.5			52.8			(20)	%	(15)	%	79.7			82.2			(3)	%	0	%
Capital markets	12.9			9.6			34	%	47	%	31.7			20.3			56	%	67	%
Valuation and other	30.9			34.2			(10)	%	(6)	%	60.2			63.8			(6)	%	(4)	%
Total service line fee revenue(1)	254.5			242.0			5	%	11	%	496.0			455.3			9	%	13	%
Gross contract reimbursables(2)	74.8			62.0			21	%	29	%	141.3			123.7			14	%	21	%
Total revenue	$	329.3		$	304.0		8	%	14	%	$	637.3		$	579.0		10	%	15	%

Costs and expenses:
APAC Fee-based operating expenses	$	239.0		$	217.4		10	%	16	%	$	461.8		$	413.5		12	%	16	%
Cost of gross contract reimbursables	74.8			62.0			21	%	29	%	141.3			123.7			14	%	21	%
Segment operating expenses	$	313.8		$	279.4		12	%	19	%	$	603.1		$	537.2		12	%	17	%

Adjusted EBITDA	$	17.0		$	30.9		(45)	%	(40)	%	$	38.6		$	50.4		(23)	%	(20)	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin(3)	6.7		%	12.8		%					7.8		%	11.1		%

(1) Service line fee revenue represents revenue for fees generated from each of our service lines

(2) Gross contract reimbursables reflects revenue from clients which have substantially no margin

(3) Adjusted EBITDA margin is measured against Total service line fee revenue

APAC: Three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021

APAC revenue in the second quarter of 2022 was $329.3 million, an increase of $25.3 million or 8% from the second quarter of 2021. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign currency of $17.7 million, APAC revenue increased 14% on a local currency basis. Revenue growth was principally driven by Capital markets and Property, facilities and project management of 47% and 22%, respectively, on a local currency basis. This growth was offset by declines in Leasing and Valuation and other of 15% and 6%, on a local currency basis, respectively. These declines were primarily due to COVID-19 related lockdowns in China.

Fee-based operating expenses of $239.0 million increased 16% on a local currency basis principally due to higher variable costs associated with service line fee revenue growth.

Adjusted EBITDA of $17.0 million declined $13.9 million, primarily due to the impact of COVID-19 related lockdowns in China.

APAC: Six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021

APAC revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $637.3 million, an increase of $58.3 million or 10% from the six months ended June 30, 2021. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign currency of $26.9 million, APAC revenue increased 15% on a local currency basis. Revenue growth was principally driven by Capital markets and Property, facilities and project management of 67% and 17%, respectively, on a local currency basis.

Fee-based operating expenses of $461.8 million increased 16% on a local currency basis principally due to higher variable costs associated with service line fee revenue growth. Fee-based operating expenses as a percentage of Total service line fee revenue was 93% in the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 91% in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Adjusted EBITDA of $38.6 million declined $11.8 million, primarily due to the impact of COVID-19 related lockdowns in China.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations, available cash reserves and debt capacity under our available credit facilities. Our primary uses of liquidity are operating expenses, acquisitions, investments and debt payments.

While the continued impacts of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine conflict remain uncertain, we believe that we have maintained sufficient liquidity to satisfy our working capital and other funding requirements, including capital expenditures, and expenditures for human capital and contractual obligations, with internally generated cash flow and, as necessary, cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We continually evaluate opportunities to obtain, retire or restructure our debt, credit facilities or financing arrangements for strategic reasons or obtain additional financing to fund investments, operations and obligations, as we have done in the past, to further strengthen our financial position.

We have historically relied on our internally generated cash flow to fund our working capital needs and ongoing capital expenditures on an annual basis. Our internally generated cash flow is seasonal—typically lowest in the first quarter of the year, when revenue is lowest, and greatest in the fourth quarter of the year, when revenue is highest. The seasonal nature of our internally generated cash flow can result in a mismatch with funding needs, which we manage using available cash on hand and, as necessary, borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

In the absence of a large strategic acquisition or other extraordinary events, we believe our cash on hand, cash flow from operations and availability under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for the foreseeable future, and at a minimum for the next 12 months. We may seek to take advantage of opportunities to refinance existing debt instruments, as we have done in the past, with new debt instruments at interest rates, maturities and terms we consider attractive.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $1.6 billion of liquidity, consisting of cash and cash equivalents of $0.5 billion and our undrawn revolving credit facility of $1.1 billion.

As a professional services firm, funding our operating activities is not capital intensive. Total capital expenditures for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $30.5 million.

The Company is party to an off-balance sheet A/R Securitization arrangement whereby it continuously sells trade receivables to an unaffiliated financial institution, which has an investment limit of $125.0 million. Receivables are derecognized from our balance sheet upon sale, for which we receive cash payment and record a deferred purchase price receivable. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $80.0 million drawn on the investment limit. The A/R Securitization terminates on August 20, 2022, unless extended or an earlier termination event occurs. Refer to Note 12: Accounts Receivable Securitization of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Historical Cash Flows


	Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash Flow Summary	2022		2021
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(246.3)	$	86.9
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	2.6		(41.5)
Net cash used in financing activities	(45.3)		(27.6)
Effects of exchange rate fluctuations on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(18.6)		(2.2)
Total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(307.6)	$	15.6

Operating Activities

We used $246.3 million of cash for operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $333.2 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we used net working capital for operations of $538.8 million, an increase of $402.8 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, which was principally driven by increases in trade receivables and contract assets as a result of demand in our brokerage service lines and higher bonus and commission payments. This use of cash flow was partially offset by an increase in net income of $107.2 million, primarily driven by increased demand for transactions services in the Company's brokerage service lines.

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Investing Activities

We generated $2.6 million of cash from investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022, which primarily reflects an $80.0 million draw on the investment limit under our A/R Securitization, partially offset by capital expenditures of $30.5 million, acquisitions of $19.2 million and investments in equity securities of $18.3 million.

Financing Activities

We used $45.3 million of cash for financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $17.7 million from the prior year, primarily driven by the net settlement of equity awards for payment of employee related taxes, as well as required principal payments on our borrowings.

Indebtedness

Refer to Note 8: Long-Term Debt and Other Borrowings and Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the statements under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report may contain forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events, results and financial performance, which are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We also discuss those risks, uncertainties and other factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 in Part I, Item 1A.

These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts, and you can often identify these forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “target,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “shall,” “contemplates” or the negative version of those words or other comparable words. Any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report are based upon our historical performance and on our current plans, estimates and expectations in light of information currently available to us. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and assumptions relating to our operations, financial results, financial condition, business, prospects, growth strategy and liquidity. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements and should consider the following factors, as well as the factors discussed under “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 in Part I, Item 1A. We believe that these factors include, but are not limited to:

•disruptions in general economic, social and business conditions, particularly in geographies or industry sectors that we or our clients serve, including the uncertainty affecting global financial markets stemming from the Russia-Ukraine conflict;

•disruptions to our business and to our clients' businesses caused by COVID-19 and the continuing negative macroeconomic impacts of the global pandemic;

•our ability to retain our senior management and attract and retain qualified and experienced employees;

•the inability of our acquisitions and joint ventures to perform as expected and the unavailability of similar future opportunities;

•the concentration of business with corporate clients;

•our ability to execute information technology strategies, maintain the security of our information and technology networks and avoid or minimize the effect of a cyber-attack or an interruption or failure of our information technology, communications systems or data services;

•our ability to comply with new laws or regulations and changes in existing laws or regulations and to make correct determinations in complex tax regimes;

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•our ability to execute on our strategy for operational efficiency successfully;

•our ability to compete globally, or in local geographic markets or service lines that are material to us, and the extent to which further industry consolidation, fragmentation or innovation could lead to significant future competition;

•social, political and economic risks in different countries as well as foreign currency volatility;

•our reliance on our Principal Shareholders and the fact that the Principal Shareholders have significant influence over us and key decisions about our business;

•the seasonality of significant portions of our revenue and cash flow;

•the possibility we may face financial liabilities and/or damage to our reputation as a result of litigation;

•the possibility we may be subject to environmental liability as a result of our role as a property or facility manager or developer of real estate;

•the operating and financial restrictions that our 2018 First Lien Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the 2020 Notes impose on us and the possibility that in an event of default all of our borrowings may become immediately payable;

•the substantial amount of our indebtedness, our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to incur substantially more debt and our ability to generate cash to service our indebtedness;

•the possibility that the rights of our shareholders may differ from the rights typically offered to shareholders of a U.S. corporation organized in Delaware or that U.S. investors may have difficulty enforcing civil liabilities against our company, our directors or members of senior management; and

•the possibility that English law and provisions in our articles of association may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others or require shareholder approval for certain capital structure decisions.

The factors identified above should not be construed as an exhaustive list of factors that could affect our future results and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this Quarterly Report. The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report are made only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement except as required by law, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from what we may have expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. You should specifically consider the factors identified in this Quarterly Report that could cause actual results to differ before making an investment decision to purchase our ordinary shares. Furthermore, new risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market and Other Risk Factors

Market Risk

The principal market risks we are exposed to are:

i.interest rates on debt obligations; and

ii.foreign exchange risk.

We manage these risks primarily by managing the amount, sources and duration of our debt funding and by using various derivative financial instruments such as interest rate hedges or foreign currency contracts. We enter into derivative instruments with trusted and diverse counterparties to reduce credit risk. These derivative instruments are strictly used for risk management purposes and, accordingly, are not used for trading or speculative purposes.

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Interest Rates

We are exposed to interest rate volatility with regard to our 2018 First Lien Loan and revolving credit facility. We manage this interest rate risk by entering into interest rate derivative agreements to attempt to hedge the variability of future interest payments driven by fluctuations in interest rates.

Our 2018 First Lien Loan bears interest at an annual rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 2.75%, and our 2020 Notes bear interest at an annual fixed rate of 6.75%.

We continually assess interest rate sensitivity to estimate the impact of rising short-term interest rates on our variable rate debt. Our interest rate risk management strategy is focused on limiting the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows to lower our overall borrowing cost. Historically, we have maintained the majority of our overall interest rate exposure on a fixed-rate basis. In order to achieve this, we have entered into derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swap agreements when appropriate and will continue to do so as appropriate.

Foreign Exchange

Our foreign operations expose us to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. These fluctuations may impact the value of our cash receipts and payments in terms of USD, our reporting currency. Refer to the discussion of international operations included in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for further detail.

Our foreign exchange risk management strategy is achieved by establishing local operations in the markets that we serve, invoicing customers in the same currency in which costs are incurred and the use of derivative financial instruments such as foreign currency forwards. Translating expenses incurred in foreign currencies into USD offsets the impact of translating revenue earned in foreign currencies into USD. We enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to manage currency risks associated with intercompany transactions and cash management.

Refer to Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about interest rate risks and foreign currency risks managed through derivative activities and notional amounts of underlying hedged items.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") require that we conduct an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, and we have a disclosure policy in furtherance of the same. This evaluation is designed to ensure that all corporate disclosure is complete and accurate in all material respects. The evaluation is further designed to ensure that all information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports is accumulated and communicated to management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures and recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods and in the manner specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer supervise and participate in this evaluation, and they are assisted by other members of our Disclosure Committee.

We conducted the required evaluation, and our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined by Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) were effective as of June 30, 2022 to accomplish their objectives at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are party to a number of pending or threatened lawsuits arising out of, or incident to, the ordinary course of our business. There have been no material changes to our legal proceedings as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Refer to Note 9: Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report for information regarding legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to our risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

Disclosure Channels to Disseminate Information

Cushman & Wakefield investors and others should note that we announce material information to the public about the Company through a variety of means, including the Company's website, press releases and SEC filings, in order to achieve broad, non-exclusionary distribution of information to the public. We encourage investors and others to review the information we make public, as such information could be deemed to be material information.

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Item 6. Exhibits


EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Description of Exhibit	Method of Filing
10.1*	Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2022, among Cushman & Wakefield U.S. Borrower, LLC (f/k/a DTZ U.S. Borrower, LLC), DTZ UK Guarantor Limited, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, Issuing Bank and Swing Line Lender, and the other Lenders and Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2022
10.2	Amended & Restated Cushman & Wakefield plc 2018 Omnibus Non-Employee Director Share and Cash Incentive Plan, effective May 5, 2022	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2022
31.1	Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith
31.2	Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Furnished herewith
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Furnished herewith
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	XBRL Cover Page Interactive Data File

* Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule will be furnished to the SEC upon request; provided, however, that the parties may request confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Exchange Act for any document so furnished.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


						CUSHMAN & WAKEFIELD plc

						Date: August 4, 2022
						/s/ Neil Johnston
						Neil Johnston
						Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

						Date: August 4, 2022
						/s/ Len Texter
						Len Texter
						Senior Vice President and Global Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)