DAKTRONICS INC /SD/ - Quarter Report: 2021 October (Form 10-Q)

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

☒   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended October 30, 2021

 

or

☐   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___ to ___.

Commission File Number: 0-23246

 

 

Daktronics, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

South Dakota			46-0306862
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
201 Daktronics Drive	Brookings,	SD	57006
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

(605) 692-0200

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, No Par Value	DAKT	Nasdaq Global Select Market
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights	DAKT	Nasdaq Global Select Market

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer	☐		Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐		Smaller reporting company	☐
			Emerging growth company	☐

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

 

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of November 23, 2021 was 45,464,957.

 

 

---

Table of Contents

  

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

Daktronics, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”, “Daktronics”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) are the world's industry leader in designing and manufacturing electronic scoreboards, programmable display systems and large screen video displays for sporting, commercial and transportation applications.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly present our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts therein. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results in future periods may differ from those estimates.

Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The balance sheet at May 1, 2021, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date, but it does not include all the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended May 1, 2021, which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year.

Daktronics, Inc. operates on a 52- or 53-week fiscal year, with our fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to April 30 of each year. When April 30 falls on a Wednesday, the fiscal year ends on the preceding Saturday. Within each fiscal year, each quarter is comprised of 13-week periods following the beginning of each fiscal year. In each 53-week year, an additional week is added to the first quarter, and each of the last three quarters is comprised of a 13-week period. The six months ended October 30, 2021 and October 31, 2020, contained operating results for 26 weeks. 

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets that sum to the totals of the same amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Restricted cash consists of cash and cash equivalents held in bank deposit accounts to secure issuances of foreign bank guarantees. 

Other Business Developments - Coronavirus Pandemic

During fiscal 2021, the global spread of the coronavirus pandemic ("COVID-19") and resulting restrictions negatively impacted our business and created significant volatility, uncertainty and global economic disruption. We took proactive steps to solidify our financial position and mitigate any adverse consequences. Our orders and sales decline in fiscal 2021 are largely the result of the impacts of the pandemic. To align our expenses to the change in the market, we reduced investments in capital assets, reduced executive pay and board member compensation for fiscal 2021 and instituted initiatives to reduce other costs in the business. On  April 1, 2020, our board of directors voted to suspend stock repurchases under our share repurchase program and to suspend dividends. In addition, throughout fiscal 2021, we temporarily furloughed employees to manage our cost structure to align with decreased demand.

A special voluntary retirement and voluntary exit incentive program ("Offering") and two reductions in force ("RIFs") were instituted during the first six months of fiscal 2021 to adjust our capacity and reduce on-going expenses in response to the reduced revenue and uncertainties created by the COVID-19 pandemic. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, 60 employees agreed to participate in the Offering and completed employment. The approximate cost of this Offering was $931 during the first quarter of fiscal 2021. Under the RIFs, employment was terminated with 108 employees with severance totaling $1,426 during the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and 150 employees with severance totaling $2,742 during the second quarter of fiscal 2021. 

We received governmental wage subsidies from various governmental programs related to COVID implications of $280 and $1,378 during the six months ended October 30, 2021 and October 31, 2020, respectively and recorded the subsidies as a reduction of compensation expense, most of is included in the "Costs of sales" line item in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We also have elected to defer payments of the employer portion of social security taxes during the payroll tax deferral period, which ended on December 31, 2020. As of October 30, 2021, the total amount of such deferral was $5,122, which is included in the "Accrued expenses" in the current liabilities and in the "Other long-term obligations" line items in long-term liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Per the terms of the deferral program, 50 percent of the deferred amount is due on December 31, 2021, with the remaining 50 percent due on December 31, 2022.

The pandemic continues to evolve, as evidenced by the recent Omicron variant reports, impacting economic and business conditions. We continue to monitor guidance from international and domestic authorities regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and may take additional actions based on their requirements and recommendations. Since late fiscal 2021, our order and quoting activities have increased, creating a strong backlog and positive outlook; however, there is no assurance that this trend will continue in future quarters. Supply chain disruptions continue as a result of several factors including the pandemic, shipping container shortages, labor shortages, and the changes in global demand. Specifically, we are impacted by the global shortage of semiconductors and related electronic components, labor and other materials needed for production, and freight availability. We have experienced increased input costs including material, freight, and tariff costs and increased personal spend through the first half of the fiscal year. We expect continued disruptions in obtaining material, labor, and freight availability and an increase in inflation as the world economies react to and recover from the pandemic, which may cause volatility in our pricing, order and revenue cycles and production costs. In addition, regulatory requirements like those proposed by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration ("OSHA"), may increase on-going compliance costs. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There have been no material changes to our significant accounting policies and estimates as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 1, 2021.

Accounting Standards Adopted

There are no significant Accounting Standard Updates ("ASUs") issued that we adopted in the six months ended October 30, 2021. 

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

There are no significant ASU's issued but not yet adopted as of October 30, 2021.

Note 2. Investments in Affiliates

The aggregate amount of our investments in affiliates accounted for under the equity method was $18,322 and $19,887 at October 30, 2021 and May 1, 2021, respectively. Our proportional share of the respective affiliates' earnings or losses is included in the "Other (expense) income, net" line item in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended October 30, 2021, our share of the losses of our affiliates was $819 and $1,565 as compared to $616 and $1,145 for the three and six months ended October 31, 2020. We purchased services for research and development activities from our equity method investments. The total of these related party transactions was $898 for the six months ended October 30, 2021, which is included in the "Product design and development" line item in our condensed consolidated statement of operations, and $584 of this remains unpaid and is included in the "Accounts payable " line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. The total of these related party transactions was $560 for the six months ended October 31, 2020. During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, we loaned an investment in affiliate $5,000, which is evidenced by a convertible note, which is included in the "Long-term receivables, less current maturities" line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. 

Note 3. Earnings Per Share ("EPS")

The following is a reconciliation of the net income and common share amounts used in the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the three and six months ended October 30, 2021 and October 31, 2020:

Options outstanding to purchase 1,943 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $9.22 for the three months ended October 30, 2021 and 2,348 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $9.28 for the three months ended October 31, 2020 were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effects would be anti-dilutive.

Options outstanding to purchase 1,877 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $9.37 for the six months ended October 30, 2021 and 2,233 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $9.61 for the six months ended October 31, 2020 were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effects would be anti-dilutive. 

Note 4. Revenue Recognition

Disaggregation of revenue

The following table presents our disaggregation of revenue by segments:

See "Note 5. Segment Reporting" for a disaggregation of revenue by geography.

Contract balances

Contract assets represent revenue recognized in excess of amounts billed and include unbilled receivables. Unbilled receivables, which represent an unconditional right to payment subject only to the passage of time, are reclassified to accounts receivable when they are billed according to the contract terms. Contract liabilities represent amounts billed to the customers in excess of revenue recognized to date.

The following table reflects the changes in our contract assets and liabilities:

The changes in our contract assets and contract liabilities from May 1, 2021 to October 30, 2021 were due to the timing of billing schedules and revenue recognition, which can vary significantly depending on the contractual payment terms and the construction and sports market seasonality. We had no impairments of contract assets for the six months ended October 30, 2021.

For service-type warranty contracts, we allocate revenue to this performance obligation, recognize the revenue over time, and recognize costs as incurred. Earned and unearned revenues for these contracts are included in the "Contract assets" and "Contract liabilities" line items in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in unearned service-type warranty contracts, net were as follows:

As of October 30, 2021 and May 1, 2021, our contracts in progress that were identified as loss contracts were immaterial. For these contracts, the provision for losses is included in the "Accrued expenses" line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

During the six months ended October 30, 2021, we recognized revenue of $42,300 related to our contract liabilities as of May 1, 2021.

Remaining performance obligations

As of October 30, 2021, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations was $338,935. We expect approximately $303,959 of our remaining performance obligations to be recognized over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter. Remaining performance obligations related to product and service agreements at October 30, 2021 are $281,568 and $57,367, respectively. Although remaining performance obligations reflect business that is considered to be legally binding, cancellations, deferrals or scope adjustments may occur. Any known project cancellations, revisions to project scope and cost, foreign currency exchange fluctuations, and project deferrals are reflected or excluded in the remaining performance obligation balance, as appropriate.

Note 5. Segment Reporting

The following table sets forth certain financial information for each of our five reporting segments for the periods indicated:

No single geographic area comprises a material amount of our net sales or property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, other than the United States. The following table presents information about net sales and property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, in the United States and elsewhere:

We have numerous customers worldwide for sales of our products and services, and no customer accounted for 10 percent or more of net sales; therefore, we are not economically dependent on a limited number of customers for the sale of our products and services.

We have numerous raw material and component suppliers, and no supplier accounts for 10 percent or more of our cost of sales; however, we have a number of single-source suppliers that could limit our supply or cause delays in obtaining raw material and components needed in manufacturing.

Note 6. Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill related to each reportable segment for the six months ended October 30, 2021 were as follows:

We perform an analysis of goodwill on an annual basis, and it is tested for impairment more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset might be impaired. Our annual analysis is performed during our third quarter of each fiscal year based on the goodwill amount as of the first business day of our third fiscal quarter. We performed our annual impairment test on November 2, 2020 and concluded no goodwill impairment existed. We are currently in the process of completing our annual analysis as of the first business day of our third quarter of fiscal 2022, which began on October 31, 2021. 

Note 7. Financing Agreements

As of October 30, 2021, there were no advances under the loan portion of our line of credit, and the balance of letters of credit outstanding was approximately $8,255. As of October 30, 2021, $26,745 of the credit facility remains in place and available.

We are sometimes required to obtain bank guarantees or other financial instruments for display installations. If we are unable to meet the terms of the arrangement, our customer would draw on the banking arrangement, and the bank would subrogate its loss to Daktronics. As of October 30, 2021, we had $715 of such instruments outstanding.

As of October 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all applicable bank loan covenants.

Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation: We are a party to legal proceedings and claims which arise during the ordinary course of business. For unresolved legal proceedings or claims, we do not believe there is a reasonable probability that any material loss will be incurred. Accordingly, no material accrual or disclosure of a potential range of loss has been made related to these matters. We do not expect the ultimate liability of these unresolved legal proceedings or claims to have a material effect on our financial position, liquidity or capital resources.

Warranties: Changes in our warranty obligation for the six months ended October 30, 2021 consisted of the following:

Performance guarantees: We have entered into standby letters of credit, bank guarantees and surety bonds with financial institutions relating to the guarantee of our future performance on contracts, primarily construction-type contracts. As of October 30, 2021, we had outstanding letters of credit, bank guarantees and surety bonds in the amount of $8,255, $715 and $52,219, respectively. Performance guarantees are issued to certain customers to guarantee the operation and installation of the equipment and our ability to complete a contract. These performance guarantees have various terms but are generally one year. We enter into written agreements with our customers, and those agreements often contain indemnification provisions that require us to make the customer whole if certain acts or omissions by us cause the customer financial loss. We make efforts to negotiate reasonable caps and limitations on the recovery of such damages. As of October 30, 2021, we were not aware of any indemnification claim from a customer.

Note 9. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes during interim reporting periods is calculated by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate to “ordinary” income or loss for the reporting period, adjusted for discrete items. Due to various factors, including our estimate of annual income, our effective tax rate is subject to fluctuation.

Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended October 30, 2021 was 29.6 and 27.0 percent, respectively, as compared to an effective rate of 41.1 and 26.2 percent for the three and six months ended October 31, 2020. The difference in tax rates is primarily driven by a decrease in estimated tax credits proportionate to an increase in estimated pre-tax earnings in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2022. 

We operate both domestically and internationally and, as of October 30, 2021, undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries were considered to be reinvested indefinitely. Additionally, as of  October 30, 2021, we had $682 of unrecognized tax benefits which would reduce our effective tax rate if recognized.

Note 10. Fair Value Measurement

The following table sets forth by Level within the fair value hierarchy our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at  October 30, 2021 and May 1, 2021 according to the valuation techniques we used to determine their fair values. There have been no transfers of assets or liabilities among the fair value hierarchies presented.

,

A roll forward of the Level 3 contingent liabilities, both short- and long-term, for the six months ended October 30, 2021 is as follows:

There have been no changes in the valuation techniques used by us to value our financial instruments since the end of fiscal 2021. For additional information, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 1, 2021 for the methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument.

Note 11. Subsequent Events

Effective on November 19, 2021, the Board approved a First Amendment to Rights Agreement, dated as of November 19, 2021 (the "First Amendment "). The First Amendment amends the Rights Agreements dated as of November 16, 2018 (the "Original Rights Agreement") between the Company and the Rights Agent. The First Amendment extends the expiration date of the rights (the "Rights") under the Original Rights Agreement from the close of business on November 19, 2021 to the close of business on November 19, 2024 and changes the initial exercise price to $20.00 per Right, subject to certain adjustments.

The terms of the Rights are more fully described in Item 1.01 of the Company's Current Report 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 19, 2021, including the First Amendment filed as Exhibit 4.2 to such Current Report on Form 8-K.   

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This section entitled "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" (“MD&A”) is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect our future results. The MD&A provides a narrative analysis explaining the reasons for material changes in the Company’s (i) financial condition during the period from the most recent fiscal year-end, May 1, 2021, to and including October 30, 2021 and (ii) results of operations during the current fiscal period(s) as compared to the corresponding period(s) of the preceding fiscal year. 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the MD&A, contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “project,” “should,” "will," "continue" and similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any and all forecasts and projections in this document are “forward looking statements” and are based on management’s current expectations or beliefs. From time to time, we may also provide oral and written forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public, such as press releases, presentations to securities analysts or investors, or other communications by us. Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this report and in any public statements we make could be materially different from actual results. Accordingly, we wish to caution investors that any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of us are subject to uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements.

We also wish to caution investors that other factors might in the future prove to be important in affecting our results of operations. New factors emerge from time to time; it is not possible for management to predict all of such factors, nor can it assess the impact of each such factor on the business or the extent to which any factor, or a combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Our MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Item 1 of Part 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 1, 2021 (including the information presented therein under Risk Factors), as well other publicly available information.

OVERVIEW

We are engaged principally in the design, market, and manufacture of a wide range of integrated electronic display systems and related products which are sold in a variety of markets throughout the world and the rendering of related maintenance and professional services. We focus our sales and marketing efforts on markets, geographical regions and products. Our five business segments consist of four domestic business units and the International business unit. The four domestic business units consist of Commercial, Live Events, High School Park and Recreation, and Transportation, all of which include the geographic territories of the United States and Canada.

The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 1, 2021 and the consolidated financial statements, including the notes to consolidated financial statements included therein.

CORONAVIRUS ("COVID-19") PANDEMIC

The pandemic continues to evolve, as evidenced by the recent Omicron variant reports, impacting economic and business conditions. We continue to monitor guidance from international and domestic authorities regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and may take additional actions based on their requirements and recommendations. Since late fiscal 2021, our order and quoting activities have increased, creating a strong backlog and positive outlook; however, there is no assurance that this trend will continue in future quarters. Supply chain disruptions continue as a result of several factors including the pandemic, shipping container shortages, labor shortages, and the changes in global demand. Specifically, we are impacted by the global shortage of semiconductors and related electronic components, labor and other materials needed for production, and freight availability. We have experienced increased input costs including material, freight, and tariff costs and increased personal spend through the first half of the fiscal year. We expect continued disruptions in obtaining material, labor, and freight availability and an increase in inflation as the world economies react to and recover from the pandemic, which may cause volatility in our pricing, order and revenue cycles and production costs. In addition, regulatory requirements like those proposed by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration ("OSHA"), may increase on-going compliance costs. Although we cannot predict the length or severity of these conditions, it is reasonably possible they will continue to have some impact on our operations throughout the remainder of fiscal 2022 and into fiscal 2023.

Refer to the COVID-19 related risk factors disclosed in Item 1A of Part I in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 1, 2020.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

COMPARISON OF THE THREE MONTHS ENDED October 30, 2021 and October 31, 2020

Product Order Backlog

Backlog represents the dollar value of orders for integrated electronic display systems and related products and services which are expected to be recognized in net sales in the future. Orders are contractually binding purchase commitments from customers. Orders are included in backlog when we are in receipt of an executed contract and any required deposits or security and have not yet been recognized into net sales. Certain orders for which we have received binding letters of intent or contracts will not be included in backlog until all required contractual documents and deposits are received. Orders and backlog are not measures defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), and our methodology for determining orders and backlog may vary from the methodology used by other companies in determining their orders and backlog amounts.

Order and backlog levels provide management and investors additional details surrounding the results of our business activities in the marketplace and highlights fluctuation caused by seasonality and our large project business. Management uses orders to evaluate market share and performance in the competitive environment. Management uses backlog information for capacity and resource planning. We believe order information is useful to investors because it provides an indication of our market share and provides of future revenues.

Our product order backlog as of October 30, 2021 was $282 million as compared to $201 million as of October 31, 2020 and $285 million at July 31, 2021, which was the end of our first quarter of fiscal 2022. We expect to fulfill the backlog as of October 30, 2021 within the next 24 months. The timing of backlog may be impacted by project delays resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain delays.

Net Sales

The following table shows information regarding net sales for the three months ended October 30, 2021 and October 31, 2020:

For the fiscal 2022 second quarter, net sales were $164.5 million, an increase of $37.1 million from the prior year's second quarter. The year-over-year growth was driven by increased orders. Material supply shortages are creating an increase in lead times and extending the timing of converting some orders to sales in the near-term. 

Order volume increased in the second quarter of fiscal 2022, reflecting the continued recovery from the impact of the global pandemic among our customers, despite longer lead times. The Commercial business unit saw the largest increase in order bookings, while the order bookings in Live Events remained similar to those in the prior year second quarter. The High School Park and Recreation business unit performed well throughout the pandemic and continues to perform well driven by the adoption of video displays at the high school level. Transportation order levels increased as project planning and approval activities resumed for displays used in intelligent transportation systems and mass transit venues, while the International business unit saw a decrease in orders this quarter compared to the same quarter in 2021 fiscal year. 

Gross Profit and Contribution Margin

The decrease in gross profit percentage is largely related to increased input costs, including material, freight, tariffs, and outsourced installation costs. Gross profit was also impacted by sales mix differences between periods. During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, we had more large project sales which generally have lower gross profit because of the competitive nature of large projects. During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, we earned a higher rate of gross profit on our service agreements due to reduced stand ready services conducted during the quarter. This was due to lower on-site demand as events were not being held during the various pandemic shutdowns. Total warranty costs as a percent of sales for the three months ended October 30, 2021 compared to the same period one year ago increased to 1.4 percent from 0.6 percent. 

Contribution margin is a non-GAAP measure and consists of gross profit less selling expenses. Selling expenses consist primarily of personnel related costs, travel and entertainment expenses, facility-related costs for sales and service offices, bad debt expenses, third-party commissions and expenditures for marketing efforts, including the costs of collateral materials, conventions and trade shows, product demonstrations, customer relationship management systems, and supplies.

Contribution margin was impacted by the previously discussed sales levels and impacts within gross profit. 

Reconciliation from non-GAAP contribution margin to operating margin GAAP measure is as follows: