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DATA I/O CORP - Quarter Report: 2019 September (Form 10-Q)

 

UNITED STATES
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
(X) QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
 
Or
( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ________________ to ________________
 
Commission file number: 0-10394
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Washington
91-0864123
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
6645 185th Ave NE, Suite 100, Redmond, Washington, 98052
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
 Title of each class
 Trading Symbol(s)
 Name of each exchange on which registered
 Common Stock
 DAIO
 NASDAQ
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, ”accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☒
Large accelerated filer ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐ No ☒
APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PREVIOUS FIVE YEARS:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12,13or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.  Yes ☐ No ☐
 
Shares of Common Stock, no par value, outstanding as of October 31, 2019: 8,210,884
 

 
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
 
FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2019
 
 
INDEX
 

Page
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements
3
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
16
 
 
 
 
 
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
22
 
 
 
 
 
Controls and Procedures
22
 
 
 
 
 
Other Information
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legal Proceedings
23
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Factors
23
 
 
 
 
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
23
 
 
 
 
 
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
23
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Safety Disclosures
23
 
 
 
 
 
Other Information
23
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibits
23
 
 
 
 
Signatures
 
23
 
 
 
 
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.        Financial Statements
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
CURRENT ASSETS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 $15,178 
 $18,343 
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for
    
    
         doubtful accounts of $48 and $75, respectively
  2,406 
  3,771 
Inventories
  5,432 
  5,185 
Other current assets
  582 
  621 
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS
  23,598 
  27,920 
 
    
    
Property, plant and equipment – net
  1,733 
  1,985 
Income tax receivable
  640 
  598 
Other assets
  2,108 
  220 
TOTAL ASSETS
 $28,079 
 $30,723 
 
    
    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    
    
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
    
    
Accounts payable
 $869 
 $1,755 
Accrued compensation
  1,373 
  2,872 
Deferred revenue
  1,586 
  1,392 
Other accrued liabilities
  1,308 
  789 
Income taxes payable
  49 
  47 
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
  5,185 
  6,855 
 
    
    
Operating lease liabilities
  1,334 
  - 
Long-term other payables
  126 
  511 
 
    
    
COMMITMENTS
  - 
  - 
 
    
    
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    
    
Preferred stock -
    
    
Authorized, 5,000,000 shares, including
    
    
200,000 shares of Series A Junior Participating
    
    
Issued and outstanding, none
  - 
  - 
Common stock, at stated value -
    
    
Authorized, 30,000,000 shares
    
    
Issued and outstanding, 8,210,884 shares as of September 30,
    
    
2019 and 8,338,628 shares as of December 31, 2018
  18,490 
  19,254 
Accumulated earnings
  3,004 
  3,695 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
  (60)
  408 
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  21,434 
  23,357 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 $28,079 
 $30,723 
 
    
    
See notes to consolidated financial statements
    
    
 
 
3
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
Three Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
 $3,808 
 $6,533 
 $15,700 
 $21,367 
Cost of goods sold
  1,806 
  2,415 
  6,430 
  8,584 
Gross margin
  2,002 
  4,118 
  9,270 
  12,783 
Operating expenses:
    
    
    
    
Research and development
  1,507 
  1,826 
  4,868 
  5,550 
Selling, general and administrative
  1,535 
  1,888 
  5,338 
  6,239 
Total operating expenses
  3,042 
  3,714 
  10,206 
  11,789 
Operating income(loss)
  (1,040)
  404 
  (936)
  994 
Non-operating income:
    
    
    
    
Interest income
  25 
  10 
  47 
  26 
Gain on sale of assets
  - 
  - 
  60 
  4 
Foreign currency transaction gain (loss)
  226 
  108 
  190 
  201 
Total non-operating income
  251 
  118 
  297 
  231 
Income(loss) before income taxes
  (789)
  522 
  (639)
  1,225 
Income tax (expense) benefit
  (55)
  (180)
  (52)
  (267)
Net income(loss)
 $(844)
 $342 
 $(691)
 $958 
 
    
    
    
    
 
    
    
    
    
Basic earnings(loss) per share
 $(0.10)
 $0.04 
 $(0.08)
 $0.11 
Diluted earnings(loss) per share
 $(0.10)
 $0.04 
 $(0.08)
 $0.11 
Weighted-average basic shares
  8,217 
  8,439 
  8,259 
  8,361 
Weighted-average diluted shares
  8,242
  8,507 
  8,259 
  8,516 
 
    
    
    
    
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
 
    
    
    
 
 
4
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands)
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
Three Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
 $(844)
 $342 
 $(691)
 $958 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
    
    
    
    
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)
  (478)
  (264)
  (468)
  (497)
Comprehensive income (loss)
 $(1,322)
 $78 
 $(1,159)
 $461 
 
    
    
    
    
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
 
    
    
    

 
5
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, except share amounts)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common Stock
 
 
Retained
 
 
and Other
 
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings
 
 
Comprehensive
 
 
Stockholders'
 
 
 
Shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
(Deficit)
 
 
Income (Loss)
 
 
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
  8,276,813 
 $18,989 
 $2,089 
 $982 
  22,060 
Stock options exercised
  15,000 
  - 
    
    
  - 
Repurchased shares
  (4,948)
  - 
    
    
  - 
Stock awards issued, net of tax withheld
  7,531 
  (12)
  - 
  - 
  (12)
Issuance of stock through: ESPP
  630 
  7 
  - 
  - 
  7 
Share-based compensation
  - 
  177 
  - 
  - 
  177 
Net income
  - 
  - 
  130 
  - 
  130 
Other comprehensive income gain
  - 
  - 
  - 
  301 
  301 
Balance at March 31, 2018
  8,295,026 
 $19,161 
 $2,219 
 $1,283 
 $22,663 
Stock awards issued, net of tax withheld
  132,858 
  (415)
  - 
  - 
  (415)
Share-based compensation
  - 
  473 
  - 
  - 
  473 
Net income
  - 
  - 
  486 
  - 
  486 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
  - 
  - 
  - 
  (534)
  (534)
Balance at June 30, 2018
  8,427,884 
 $19,219 
 $2,705 
 $749 
 $22,673 
Stock awards issued, net of tax withheld
  9,809 
  (20)
  - 
  - 
  (20)
Issuance of stock through: ESPP
  2,382 
  12 
  - 
  - 
  12 
Share-based compensation
  - 
  282 
  - 
  - 
  282 
Net income
  - 
  - 
  342 
  - 
  342 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
  - 
  - 
  - 
  (264)
  (264)
Balance at September 30, 2018
  8,440,075 
 $19,493 
 $3,047 
 $485 
 $23,025 
 
    
    
    
    
    
Balance at December 31, 2018
  8,338,628 
 $19,254 
 $3,695 
 $408 
 $23,357 
Repurchased shares
  (57,612)
  (313)
    
    
  (313)
Stock awards issued, net of tax withheld
  4,046 
  (8)
  - 
  - 
  (8)
Issuance of stock through: ESPP
  2,763 
  15 
  - 
  - 
  15 
Share-based compensation
  - 
  287 
  - 
  - 
  287 
Net income
  - 
  - 
  26 
  - 
  26 
Other comprehensive income gain
  - 
  - 
  - 
  128 
  128 
Balance at March 31, 2019
  8,287,825 
 $19,235 
 $3,721 
 $536 
 $23,492 
Repurchased shares
  (188,194)
  (908)
    
    
  (908)
Stock awards issued, net of tax withheld
  162,071 
  (228)
  - 
  - 
  (228)
Share-based compensation
  - 
  364 
  - 
  - 
  364 
Net income
  - 
  - 
  127 
  - 
  127 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
  - 
  - 
  - 
  (118)
  (118)
Balance at June 30, 2019
  8,261,702 
 $18,463 
 $3,848 
 $418 
 $22,729 
Repurchased shares
  (55,904)
  (244)
    
    
  (244)
Stock awards issued, net of tax withheld
  1,672 
  (3)
  - 
  - 
  (3)
Issuance of stock through: ESPP
  3,414 
  14 
  - 
  - 
  14 
Share-based compensation
  - 
  260 
  - 
  - 
  260 
Net income
  - 
  - 
  (844)
  - 
  (844)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
  - 
  - 
  - 
  (478)
  (478)
Balance at September 30, 2019
  8,210,884 
 $18,490 
 $3,004 
 $(60)
 $21,434 
 
    
    
    
    
    
See notes to consolidated financial statements
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
6
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
For the Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income(loss)
 $(691)
 $958 
Adjustments to reconcile net income(loss)
    
    
to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
    
    
Depreciation and amortization
  672 
  736 
Gain on sale of assets
  (60)
  (4)
Equipment transferred to cost of goods sold
  37 
  365 
Share-based compensation
  911 
  932 
Net change in:
    
    
Trade accounts receivable
  1,295 
  905 
Inventories
  (311)
  (521)
Other current assets
  27 
  (54)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
  (2,484)
  (1,211)
Deferred revenue
  163 
  (36)
Other long-term liabilities
  (311)
  (55)
Deposits and other long-term assets
  33 
  (175)
     Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
  (719)
  1,840 
 
    
    
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
    
    
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  (456)
  (668)
Net proceeds from sale of assets
  60 
  4 
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
  (396)
  (664)
 
    
    
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
    
    
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock, less payments
    
    
     for shares withheld to cover tax
  (211)
  (429)
Repurchase of common stock
  (1,465)
  - 
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
  (1,676)
  (429)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
  (2,791)
  747 
 
    
    
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash
  (374)
  (386)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
  18,343 
  18,541 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 $15,178
 $18,902 
 
    
    
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
    
    
Cash paid during the period for:
    
    
    Income taxes
 $178 
 $118 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
    
    
 
 
7
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
NOTE 1 - FINANCIAL STATEMENT PREPARATION
 
Data I/O Corporation (“Data I/O”, “We”, “Our”, “Us”) prepared the financial statements as of September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 according to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals) necessary to present fairly the results for the periods presented. The balance sheet at December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America according to such SEC rules and regulations. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited financial statements and the accompanying notes included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
The adoption of Topic 606, “Revenue from contracts with customers”, did not have a material impact on our 2018 financial statement line items, either individually or in the aggregate. We have elected the practical expedient to expense contract acquisition costs, primarily sales commissions, for contracts with terms of one year or less and will capitalize and amortize incremental costs with terms that exceed one year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, there were no contract acquisition costs capitalized. In 2018, we made a sales tax policy election to exclude sales, use, value added, some excise taxes and other similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price.
 
We recognize revenue upon transfer of control of the promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. We have determined that our programming equipment has reached a point of maturity and stability such that product acceptance can be assured by testing at the factory prior to shipment and that the installation meets the criteria to be a separate performance obligation. These systems are standard products with published product specifications and are configurable with standard options. The evidence that these systems could be deemed as accepted was based upon having standardized factory production of the units, results from batteries of tests of product performance to our published specifications, quality inspections and installation standardization, as well as past product operation validation with the customer and the history provided by our installed base of products upon which the current versions were based.
 
The revenue related to products requiring installation that is perfunctory is recognized upon transfer of control of the product to customers, which generally is at the time of shipment. Installation that is considered perfunctory includes any installation that is expected to be performed by other parties, such as distributors, other vendors, or the customers themselves where we are not responsible for the installation. This takes into account the complexity, skill and training needed as well as customer expectations regarding installation.
 
We enter into arrangements with multiple performance obligations that arise during the sale of a system that includes an installation component, a service and support component and a software maintenance component. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on relative standalone sales price. We allocate the transaction price of each element based on relative selling prices. Relative selling price is based on the selling price of the standalone system. For the installation and service and support performance obligations, we use the value of the discount given to distributors who perform these components. For software maintenance performance obligations, we use what we charge for annual software maintenance renewals after the initial year the system is sold. Revenue is recognized on the system sale based on shipping terms or acceptance provisions, installation revenue is recognized after the installation is performed, and hardware service and support and software maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, typically one year. Deferred revenue includes unaccepted delivered systems, service, support and maintenance contracts and represents the undelivered performance obligation of agreements that are typically recognized ratably over one year.
 
When we sell software separately, we recognize revenue upon the transfer of control of the software, which is generally upon shipment, provided that only inconsequential performance obligations remain on our part and substantive acceptance conditions, if any, have been met.
 
We recognize revenue when there is an approved contract that both parties are committed to perform, both parties rights have been identified, the contract has substance, collection of substantially all the consideration is probable, the transaction price has been determined and allocated over the performance obligations, the performance obligations including substantive acceptance conditions, if any, in the contract have been met, the obligation is not contingent on resale of the product, the buyer’s obligation would not be changed in the event of theft, physical destruction or damage to the product, the buyer acquiring the product for resale has economic substance apart from us and we do not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about the resale of the product by the buyer. We establish a reserve for sales returns based on historical trends in product returns and estimates for new items. Payment terms are generally 30 days from shipment.
 
We transfer certain products out of service from their internal use and make them available for sale. The products transferred are typically our standard products in one of the following areas: service loaners, rental, metered or test units; engineering test units; or sales demonstration equipment. Once transferred, the equipment is sold by our regular sales channels as used equipment inventory. These product units often involve refurbishing and an equipment warranty, and are conducted as sales in our normal and ordinary course of business. The transfer amount is the product unit’s net book value and the sale transaction is accounted for as revenue and cost of goods sold.
 
 
8
 
 
The following table represents our revenues by major categories:
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
Net sales by type
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equipment sales
 $1,567 
  (61.3%)
 $4,047 
 $8,815 
  (36.4%)
 $13,861 
Adapter sales
  1,342 
  (17.8%)
  1,632 
  4,223 
  (16.7%)
  5,072 
Software and maintenance
  899 
  5.3%
  854 
  2,662 
  9.4%
  2,434 
Total programming systems
 $3,808 
  (41.7%)
 $6,533 
 $15,700 
  (26.5%)
 $21,367 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
Leases - Accounting Standards Codification 842
 
Leases arise from contracts which convey the right to control the use of identified property or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Our leasing arrangements are primarily for office space we use to conduct our operations. In addition, there are automobiles and a small amount of office equipment leased. We determine whether contracts include a lease at the inception date, which is generally upon contract signing, considering factors such as whether the contract includes an asset which is physically distinct, which party obtains substantially all of the capacity and economic benefit of the asset, and which party directs how, and for what purpose, the asset is used during the contractual period of use. Our leases commence when the lessor makes the asset available for our use. At commencement we record a lease liability at the present value of future lease payments, net of any future lease incentives to be received. Some of our lease agreements include cancellable future periods subject to termination or extension options. We include cancellable lease periods in our future lease payments when we are reasonably certain to continue to utilize the asset for those periods. We calculate the present value of future lease payments at commencement using a discount rate which we estimate as the collateralized borrowing rate we believe that would be incurred on our future lease payments over a similar term. At commencement we also record a corresponding right-of-use asset, which is calculated based on the amount of the lease liability, adjusted for any advance lease payments paid, initial direct costs incurred or lease incentives received prior to commencement. Right-of-use assets are subject to evaluation for impairment or disposal on a basis consistent with other long-lived assets.
 
Leases are classified at commencement as either operating or finance leases. As of September 30, 2019, all of our leases are classified as operating leases. Rent expense for operating leases is recognized on the straight-line method over the term of the agreement beginning on the lease commencement date.
 
In accounting for leases, we utilize certain practical expedients and policy elections available under the lease accounting standard. For example, we do not record right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less. For contracts containing real estate leases, we do not combine lease and non-lease components. The primary impact of this policy election is that we do not include in our calculation of lease liabilities any fixed and noncancelable future payments due under the contract for items such as common area maintenance, utilities and other costs. Lease-related costs which are variable rather than fixed are expensed in the period incurred.
 
Assumptions, judgments and estimates impacting the carrying value of our right-of-use assets and liabilities include evaluating whether an arrangement contains a lease, determining whether the lease term should include any cancellable future periods, estimating the discount rate used to calculate our lease liabilities, estimating the fair value and useful life of the leased asset for the purpose of classifying the lease as an operating or finance lease, evaluating whether a lease contract amendment represents a new lease agreement or a modification to the existing lease and evaluating our right-of-use assets for impairment.
 
Share-Based Compensation
 
All stock-based compensation awards are measured based on estimated fair values on the date of grant and recognized as compensation expense on the straight-line single-option method. Our share-based compensation is reduced for estimated forfeitures at the time of grant and revised as necessary in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
 
Income Tax
 
Income taxes are computed at current enacted tax rates, less tax credits using the asset and liability method. Deferred taxes are adjusted both for items that do not have tax consequences and for the cumulative effect of any changes in tax rates from those previously used to determine deferred tax assets or liabilities. Tax provisions include amounts that are currently payable, changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities that arise because of temporary differences between the timing of when items of income and expense are recognized for financial reporting and income tax purposes, and any changes in the valuation allowance caused by a change in judgment about the realization of the related deferred tax assets. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts expected to be realized. Tax reform changes effective January 1, 2018, including Global Intangible Low Tax Income (GILTI), have been included in our 2018 and 2019 financial statements.
 
 
9
 
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
 
We adopted the new lease accounting standard, ASC 842, on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method, and recorded a balance sheet adjustment on the date of adoption. In 2018, we accounted for leases under ASC 840. The new lease standard requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for operating leases, and also requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures to enable users of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In adopting ASC 842, we utilized certain practical expedients available under the standard. These practical expedients include waiving reassessment of conclusions reached under the previous lease standard as to whether contracts contain leases, not recording right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less, how to classify leases identified and how to account for initial direct costs incurred. We also utilized the practical expedient to use hindsight as of the date of adoption to determine the terms of our leases and to evaluate our right-of-use assets for impairment. 
 
We recorded the following adjusted balances in our consolidated balance sheet on the date of adoption:
 
 
 
As Reported December 31, 2018
 
 
Adjustment Recorded January 1, 2019
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets (Long-term other assets)
 $0 
 $2,176 
Lease liability-short term (Other accrued liabilities)
  - 
 654
Lease liability-long term (Long-term other payables)
  - 
 1,904
 
See Note 6 of the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our operating leases.
 
NOTE 2 – INVENTORIES
 
Inventories consisted of the following components:
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Raw material
 $2,734 
 $2,925 
Work-in-process
  2,222 
  1,584 
Finished goods
  476 
  676 
Inventories
 $5,432 
 $5,185 
 
    
    
 
NOTE 3 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
 
Property and equipment consisted of the following components:
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Leasehold improvements
 $387 
 $399 
 Equipment
  5,513 
  5,378 
 Sales demonstration equipment
  929 
  942 
 
  6,829 
  6,719 
 Less accumulated depreciation
  5,096 
  4,734 
 Property and equipment, net
 $1,733 
 $1,985 
 
    
    
 
    
    
 
 
10
 
 
NOTE 4 – OTHER ASSETS
 
Other assets consisted of the following components:
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lease right-of-use assets
 $1,688 
  - 
 Prepaid security royalties
  375 
  175 
 Other
  45 
  45 
 Other assets
 $2,108 
 $220 
 
    
    
 
NOTE 5 – OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES
 
Other accrued liabilities consisted of the following components:
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lease liability - short term
 $661 
 $0 
 Product warranty
  377 
  471 
 Sales return reserve
  78 
  87 
 Other taxes
  100 
  102 
 Other
  92 
  129 
 Other accrued liabilities
 $1,308 
 $789 
 
    
    
 
The changes in our product warranty liability for the nine months ending September 30, 2019 are as follows:
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 Liability, beginning balance
 $471 
 Net expenses
  567 
 Warranty claims
  (567)
 Accrual revisions
  (94)
 Liability, ending balance
 $377 
 
    
 
 
11
 
 
NOTE 6 – LEASES
 
Our leasing arrangements are primarily for facility leases we use to conduct our operations. The following table presents our future lease payments for long-term operating leases as of September 30, 2019:
 
For the years ending December 31:
 
 
 
Operating Lease Commitments
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
2019 (remaining)
 $187 
2020
  745 
2021
  674 
2022
  307 
2023
  87 
Thereafter
  217 
Total
 $2,217 
   Less Imputed interest
  (222)
Total operating lease liabilities
 $1,995 
 
    
 
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $188,000 and $569,000, respectively. There were no new or modified leases during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
 
The following table presents supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of September 30, 2019:
 
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2019
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets (Long-term other assets)
 $1,688 
Lease liability-short term (Other accrued liabilities)
  661 
Lease liability-long term (Long-term other payables)
  1,334 
 
 
At September 30, 2019, the weighted average remaining lease term is 3.58 years and the weighted average discount rate used is 5%.
 
The components of our lease expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 include operating lease costs of $213,000 and $486,000, respectively, and short-term lease costs of $5,000 and $15,000, respectively.
 
Our real estate facility leases are described below:
 
During the third quarter of 2017, we amended our lease agreement, extending the lease for the Redmond, Washington headquarters facility through July 31, 2022. This lease is for approximately 20,460 square feet.
 
We signed a lease agreement effective November 1, 2015 that extends the lease for a facility located in Shanghai, China through October 31, 2021. This lease is for approximately 19,400 square feet.
 
During the fourth quarter of 2016, we signed a lease agreement for a new facility located near Munich, Germany which was effective March 1, 2017 and extends the lease through February 28, 2022. This lease is for approximately 4,895 square feet.
 
 
12
 
 
NOTE 7 – OTHER COMMITMENTS
 
We have purchase obligations for inventory and production costs as well as other obligations such as capital expenditures, service contracts, marketing, and development agreements. Arrangements are considered purchase obligations if a contract specifies all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased, a pricing structure and approximate timing of the transaction. Most arrangements are cancelable without a significant penalty, and with short notice, typically less than 90 days. At September 30, 2019, the purchase commitments and other obligations totaled $1.3 million of which all but $406,000 are expected to be paid over the next twelve months.
 
NOTE 8 – CONTINGENCIES
 
As of September 30, 2019, we were not a party to any legal proceedings or aware of any indemnification agreement claims, the adverse outcome of which in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.
 
NOTE 9 – EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
Basic earnings per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated based on these same weighted average shares outstanding plus the effect of potential shares issuable upon assumed exercise of stock options based on the treasury stock method.
Potential shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share to the extent their effect would be anti-dilutive.
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
September 30,2018
 
(in thousands except per share data)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Numerator for basic and diluted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
earnings(loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       Net income(loss)
 $(844)
 $342 
 $(691)
 $958 
 
    
    
    
    
Denominator for basic
    
    
    
    
earnings(loss) per share:
    
    
    
    
       Weighted-average shares
  8,217 
  8,439 
  8,259 
  8,361 
 
    
    
    
    
Employee stock options and awards
  25 
  68 
  71 
  155 
 
    
    
    
    
Denominator for diluted
    
    
    
    
earnings(loss) per share:
    
    
    
    
       Adjusted weighted-average shares &
    
    
    
    
       assumed conversions of stock options
  8,242 
  8,507 
  8,330 
  8,516 
 
    
    
    
    
Basic and diluted
    
    
    
    
earnings(loss) per share:
    
    
    
    
       Total basic earnings(loss) per share
 $(0.10)
 $0.04 
 $(0.08)
 $0.11 
       Total diluted earnings(loss) per share 
 $(0.10)
 $0.04 
 $(0.08)
 $0.11 
 
Weighted average options to purchase 31,063 and 30,518 shares for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2019 and weighted average options to purchase 25,000 shares for both the three and nine months ending September 30, 2018 were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the periods then ended because the options were anti-dilutive.
 
 
13
 
 
NOTE 10 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
 
For share-based awards granted, we have recognized compensation expense based on the estimated grant date fair value method. For these awards we have recognized compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method reduced for estimated forfeitures.
 
The impact on our results of operations of recording share-based compensation, net of forfeitures, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, was as follows:
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of goods sold
 $6 
 $4 
 $22 
 $19 
Research and development
  61 
  56 
  227 
  205 
Selling, general and administrative
  193 
  222 
  662 
  708 
Total share-based compensation
 $260 
 $282 
 $911 
 $932 
 
    
    
    
    
 
 
Equity awards granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
  - 
  1,000 
  276,700 
  206,856 
Stock Options
  - 
  - 
  25,000 
  - 
 
Non-employee directors Restricted Stock Units (“RSU’s”) vest over one year and options vest over three years and have a six-year exercise period. Employee RSU’s typically vest over four years and employee Non-Qualified stock options typically vest quarterly over 4 years and have a six-year exercise period.
 
The remaining unamortized expected future equity compensation expense and remaining amortization period associated with unvested option grants, restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards at September 30, 2019 are:
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
 
 
 
 
Unamortized future equity compensation expense (in thousands)
 $2,612 
Remaining weighted average amortization period (in years)
  2.58 
 
 
14
 
 
NOTE 11– SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM
 
On October 31, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program with provisions to buy back up to $2.0 million of our stock during the period from November 1, 2018 through October 31, 2019.  The program was established with a 10b5-1 plan under the Exchange Act to provide flexibility to make purchases throughout the period. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, 55,904 shares of stock were repurchased at an average price of $4.37 for a total of $244,197 including $1,176 in commissions and charges. The $2.0 million buyback program was completed during the third quarter of 2019. The following is a summary of the stock repurchase program from November 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019:
 
Repurchases by Month
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
 
Average Price Paid per Share
 
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Repurchase Program
 
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Program
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 2018
  101,975 
 $5.25 
  101,975 
 $1,464,470 
January 2019
  43,701 
 $5.39 
  43,701 
 $1,229,115 
March 2019
  13,911 
 $5.49 
  13,911 
 $1,152,793 
April 2019
  69,141 
 $5.34 
  69,141 
 $783,687 
May 2019
  69,798 
 $4.63 
  69,798 
 $461,417 
June 2019
  49,255 
 $4.44 
  49,255 
 $244,197 
July 2019
  55,280 
 $4.37 
  55,280 
 $2,798 
August 2019
  624 
 $4.32 
  624 
 $3 
Total
  403,685 
 $4.95 
  403,685 
    
 
    
    
    
    
 
 
15
 
 
Item 2.        Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
General
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. This Act provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements to encourage companies to provide prospective information about themselves as long as they identify these statements as forward-looking and provide meaningful cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ from the projected results. All statements other than statements of historical fact made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking. In particular, statements herein regarding economic outlook, industry prospects and trends; industry partnerships; future results of operations or financial position; future spending; breakeven revenue point; expected market conditions, decline or growth; market acceptance of our newly introduced or upgraded products or services; the sufficiency of our cash to fund future operations and capital requirements; development, introduction and shipment of new products or services; changing foreign operations; trade issues and tariffs; and any other guidance on future periods are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements reflect management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, achievements, or other future events. Moreover, neither Data I/O nor anyone else assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of these forward-looking statements. We are under no duty to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report. The Reader should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The discussions above and in the section in Item 1A., Risk Factors “Cautionary Factors That May Affect Future Results” in our Annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, describe some, but not all, of the factors that could cause these differences.
 
OVERVIEW
 
We continued our focus on automotive electronics and managing the core programming business for growth and profitability, while developing and enhancing products, particularly in security provisioning, to drive future revenue and earnings growth as we invest resources in the security provisioning market. Our challenge continues to be operating in a cyclical and rapidly evolving industry environment. We currently believe we have and are experiencing a capital spending cyclical downturn. We hope that the improvement in orders that occurred in September and continued in October means that we have experienced the worst of the capital equipment downturn. We are continuing our efforts to balance industry changes, industry partnerships, new technologies, business geography shifts, exchange rate volatility, trade issues and tariffs, increasing costs and strategic investments in our business with the level of demand and mix of business we expect. We continue to manage our costs carefully and execute strategies for cost reduction.
 
We are focusing our research and development efforts in our strategic growth markets, namely automotive electronics and IoT new programming technologies, secure supply chain solutions, automated programming systems and their enhancements for the manufacturing environment and software. We are continuing to develop technology to securely provision new categories of semiconductors, including Secure Elements, Authentication Chips, and Secure Microcontrollers. We plan to deliver new programming technology and automated handling systems for managed and secure programming in the manufacturing environment. We continue to focus on extending the capabilities and support for our product lines and supporting the latest semiconductor devices, including various configurations of NAND Flash, e-MMC, UFS and microcontrollers on our newer products.
 
Our customer focus has been on global and strategic high-volume manufacturers in key market segments like automotive electronics, IoT, industrial controls and consumer electronics, as well as programming centers.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICY JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES
 
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires that we make estimates and judgments, which affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, sales returns, bad debts, inventories, intangible assets, income taxes, warranty obligations, restructuring charges, contingencies such as litigation and contract terms that have multiple elements and other complexities typical in the capital equipment industry. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
 
 
16
 
  
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements:
 
Revenue Recognition: The adoption of Topic 606, “Revenue from contracts with customers”, did not have a material impact on our 2018 financial statement line items, either individually or in the aggregate. We have elected the practical expedient to expense contract acquisition costs, primarily sales commissions, for contracts with terms of one year or less and will capitalize and amortize incremental costs with terms that exceed one year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, there were no contract acquisition costs capitalized. In 2018, we made a sales tax policy election to exclude sales, use, value added, some excise taxes and other similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price.
 
We recognize revenue upon transfer of control of the promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. We have determined that our programming equipment has reached a point of maturity and stability such that product acceptance can be assured by testing at the factory prior to shipment and that the installation meets the criteria to be a separate performance obligation. These systems are standard products with published product specifications and are configurable with standard options. The evidence that these systems could be deemed as accepted was based upon having standardized factory production of the units, results from batteries of tests of product performance to our published specifications, quality inspections and installation standardization, as well as past product operation validation with the customer and the history provided by our installed base of products upon which the current versions were based.
 
The revenue related to products requiring installation that is perfunctory is recognized upon transfer of control of the product to customers, which generally is at the time of shipment. Installation that is considered perfunctory includes any installation that is expected to be performed by other parties, such as distributors, other vendors, or the customers themselves where we are not responsible for the installation. This takes into account the complexity, skill and training needed as well as customer expectations regarding installation.
 
We enter into arrangements with multiple performance obligations that arise during the sale of a system that includes an installation component, a service and support component and a software maintenance component. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on relative standalone sales price. We allocate the transaction price of each element based on relative selling prices. Relative selling price is based on the selling price of the standalone system. For the installation and service and support performance obligations, we use the value of the discount given to distributors who perform these components. For software maintenance performance obligations, we use what we charge for annual software maintenance renewals after the initial year the system is sold. Revenue is recognized on the system sale based on shipping terms or acceptance provisions, installation revenue is recognized after the installation is performed, and hardware service and support and software maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, typically one year. Deferred revenue includes unaccepted delivered systems, service, support and maintenance contracts and represents the undelivered performance obligation of agreements that are typically recognized ratably over one year.
 
When we sell software separately, we recognize revenue upon the transfer of control of the software, which is generally upon shipment, provided that only inconsequential performance obligations remain on our part and substantive acceptance conditions, if any, have been met.
 
We recognize revenue when there is an approved contract that both parties are committed to perform, both parties rights have been identified, the contract has substance, collection of substantially all the consideration is probable, the transaction price has been determined and allocated over the performance obligations, the performance obligations including substantive acceptance conditions, if any, in the contract have been met, the obligation is not contingent on resale of the product, the buyer’s obligation would not be changed in the event of theft, physical destruction or damage to the product, the buyer acquiring the product for resale has economic substance apart from us and we do not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about the resale of the product by the buyer. We establish a reserve for sales returns based on historical trends in product returns and estimates for new items. Payment terms are generally 30 days from shipment.
 
We transfer certain products out of service from their internal use and make them available for sale. The products transferred are typically our standard products in one of the following areas: service loaners, rental, metered or test units; engineering test units; or sales demonstration equipment. Once transferred, the equipment is sold by our regular sales channels as used equipment inventory. These product units often involve refurbishing and an equipment warranty, and are conducted as sales in our normal and ordinary course of business. The transfer amount is the product unit’s net book value and the sale transaction is accounted for as revenue and cost of goods sold.
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: We base the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable on our assessment of the collectability of specific customer accounts and the aging of accounts receivable. If there is deterioration of a major customer’s credit worthiness or actual defaults are higher than historical experience, our estimates of the recoverability of amounts due to us could be adversely affected.
 
Inventory: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Adjustments are made to standard cost, which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. We estimate reductions to inventory for obsolete, slow-moving, excess and non-salable inventory by reviewing current transactions and forecasted product demand. We evaluate our inventories on an item by item basis and record inventory adjustments accordingly. If there is a significant decrease in demand for our products, uncertainty during product line transitions, or a higher risk of inventory obsolescence because of rapidly changing technology and customer requirements, we may be required to increase our inventory adjustments and our gross margin could be adversely affected.
 
 
17
 
 
Warranty Accruals: We accrue for warranty costs based on the expected material and labor costs to fulfill our warranty obligations. If we experience an increase in warranty claims, which are higher than our historical experience, our gross margin could be adversely affected.
 
Tax Valuation Allowances: Given the uncertainty created by our loss history, as well as the current and ongoing cyclical uncertain economic outlook for our industry and capital and geographic spending as well as income and current net deferred tax assets by entity and country, we expect to continue to limit the recognition of net deferred tax assets and accounting for uncertain tax positions and maintain the tax valuation allowances. At the current time, we expect, therefore, that reversals of the tax valuation allowance will take place as we are able to take advantage of the underlying tax loss or other attributes in carry forward or their use by future income or circumstances allows us to realize these attributes. The transfer pricing and expense or cost sharing arrangements are complex areas where judgments, such as the determination of arms-length arrangements, can be subject to challenges by different tax jurisdictions.
 
Share-based Compensation: We account for share-based awards made to our employees and directors, including employee stock option awards and restricted stock unit awards, using the estimated grant date fair value method of accounting. For options, we estimate the fair value using the Black-Scholes valuation model and an estimated forfeiture rate, which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The expected stock price volatility assumption was determined using the historical volatility of our common stock. Changes in the subjective assumptions required in the valuation model may significantly affect the estimated value of the awards, the related stock-based compensation expense and, consequently, our results of operations. Restricted stock unit awards are valued based on the average of the high and low price on the date of the grant and an estimated forfeiture rate. For both options and restricted awards, expense is recognized as compensation expense on the straight-line basis. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) shares were issued under provisions that do not require us to record any equity compensation expense.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
 
NET SALES
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
Net sales by product line
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Automated programming systems
 $2,587 
  (50.2%)
 $5,195 
 $12,041 
  (28.5%)
 $16,849 
Non-automated programming systems
  1,221 
  (8.7%)
  1,338 
  3,659 
  (19.0%)
  4,518 
Total programming systems
 $3,808 
  (41.7%)
 $6,533 
 $15,700 
  (26.5%)
 $21,367 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
Net sales by location
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States
 $389 
  (51.9%)
 $809 
 $1,355 
  (51.6%)
 $2,802 
% of total
  10.2%
    
  12.4%
  8.6%
    
  13.1%
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
International
 $3,419 
  (40.3%)
 $5,724 
 $14,345 
  (22.7%)
 $18,565 
% of total
  89.8%
    
  87.6%
  91.4%
    
  86.9%
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
Net sales by type
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equipment sales
 $1,567 
  (61.3%)
 $4,047 
 $8,815 
  (36.4%)
 $13,861 
Adapter sales
  1,342 
  (17.8%)
  1,632 
  4,223 
  (16.7%)
  5,072 
Software and maintenance
  899 
  5.3%
  854 
  2,662 
  9.4%
  2,434 
Total programming systems
 $3,808 
  (41.7%)
 $6,533 
 $15,700 
  (26.5%)
 $21,367 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
18
 
 
Net sales in the third quarter of 2019 were $3.8 million, as compared with $6.5 million in the third quarter of 2018. The year-over-year decline in sales was a result of a cyclical downturn in capital spending that began at the end of 2017 and has most recently had demand impacted by international trade and geopolitical issues in 2019. Equipment sales, in general, correlate to new capacity or technology related demand. Adapter sales correlate to usage or new projects. Capacity and usage demand typically are most impacted in a downturn.
 
Net sales for the first nine months of 2019 declined for the same factors as in the third quarter.
 
Order bookings in the third quarter of 2019 were $4.3 million, compared to $7.0 million in the third quarter of 2018. Backlog at September 30, 2019 was $1.7 million, compared with $3.1 million at September 30, 2018 and $1.4 million at June 30, 2019. Data I/O had $1.7 million deferred revenue at the end of the third quarter of 2019, up from $1.5 million at June 30, 2019. Segment bookings for the first nine months of 2019 were attributed to 57% automotive, 16% programming centers and 27% other (IOT, industrial, consumer and wireless), compared to the full year of 2018 of 60%, 13% and 27%, respectively.
 
 
GROSS MARGIN
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross margin
 $2,002 
  (51.4%)
 $4,118 
 $9,270 
  (27.5%)
 $12,783 
Percentage of net sales
  52.6%
    
  63.0%
  59.0%
    
  59.8%
 
For the 2019 third quarter, gross margin as a percentage of sales was 52.6%, as compared to 63.0% in the third quarter of 2018. The third quarter gross margin was primarily impacted by fixed costs being spread over lower revenue.
 
Gross margin for the first nine months of 2019 declined for the same factors as in the third quarter.
 
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and development
 $1,507 
  (17.5%)
 $1,826 
 $4,868 
  (12.3%)
 $5,550 
Percentage of net sales
  39.6%
    
  28.0%
  31.0%
    
  26.0%
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
Research and development (“R&D”) expenses were lower in the third quarter and year to date 2019 compared to the same periods in 2018 primarily due to lower headcount related costs, incentive compensation and stock-based compensation.
 
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general &
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
administrative
 $1,535 
  (18.7%)
 $1,888 
 $5,338 
  (14.4%)
 $6,239 
Percentage of net sales
  40.3%
    
  28.9%
  34.0%
    
  29.2%
 
Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were lower in the third quarter and year to date 2019 compared to the same periods in 2018 primarily due to lower sales commissions on lower sales, certain lower headcount related costs, incentive compensation and stock-based compensation. Most discretionary and variable expenses declined compared to the prior year periods.
 
 
19
 
 
INTEREST
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
 $25 
  150.0%
 $10 
 $47 
  80.8%
 $26 
 
Interest income was higher in the third quarter and year to date 2019 compared to the same periods in 2018 primarily due to increased minor increases in interest rates on invested funds.
 
INCOME TAXES
 
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 
 
 Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
September 30,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax benefit (expense)
 $(55)
  (69.4%)
 $(180)
 $(52)
  (80.5%)
 $(267)
 
Income tax for both the third quarter of 2019 and the same period in 2018, primarily related to foreign and state taxes in addition to the US domestic benefit realized from converting remaining sequestered AMT credits, that had a full valuation allowance on such credits, into a receivable of approximately $42,000, resulting from IRS rule changes allowing the release of previously sequestered AMT credits.
 
The effective tax rate differed from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the effect of valuation allowances, as well as foreign taxes. We have a valuation allowance of $7.3 million as of September 30, 2019. As of September 30, for both 2019 and 2018, our deferred tax assets and valuation allowance have been reduced by approximately $335,000 and $298,000, respectively, associated with the requirements of accounting for uncertain tax positions. Given the uncertainty created by our loss history, as well as the volatile and uncertain economic outlook for our industry and capital spending, we have limited the recognition of net deferred tax assets including our net operating losses and credit carryforwards and continue to maintain a valuation allowance for the full amount of the net deferred tax asset balance.
 
Financial Condition
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
 
 
September 30,2019
 
 
Change
 
 
December 31,2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Working capital
 $18,413 
 $(2,652)
 $21,065 
 
At September 30, 2019, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of existing cash and cash equivalents. Cash decreased $3.2 million from December 31, 2018 primarily from paying for 2018 accrued incentive compensation and share repurchases under the share repurchase program.
 
The working capital decline in the first nine months of 2019 was similarly due to share repurchases and to fund the loss for year to date 2019, as well as to new GAAP accounting for leases (ASC 842) that went into effect on January 1, 2019 which recognizes a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability, with the result being a gross up on the balance sheet. The lease liability is comprised of $661,000 in current liabilities and $1.3 million in long term liabilities as of September 30, 2019. The lease accounting adjustments have no impact on our statement of operations, but the recording of the current liability reduces the working capital calculation.
 
Although we have no significant external capital expenditure plans currently, we expect that we will continue to make capital expenditures to support our business. We plan to increase our internally developed rental, security provisioning, sales demonstration and test equipment as we develop and release new products. Capital expenditures are currently expected to be funded by existing and internally generated funds.
 
 
20
 
 
As a result of our cyclical and seasonal industry, significant product development, customer support and selling and marketing efforts, we have required substantial working capital to fund our operations. We have tried to balance our level of development spending with current or growth in future profitability. We have implemented or have initiatives to implement geographic shifts in our operations, optimize real estate usage, reduce exposure to the impact of currency volatility and tariffs, increase product development differentiation, and reduce costs.
 
We believe that we have sufficient cash or working capital available under our operating plan to fund our operations and capital requirements through at least the next one-year period. We may require additional cash at the U.S. headquarters, which could cause potential repatriation of cash that is held in our foreign subsidiaries. Although we have no current repatriation plans, there may be tax and other impediments to any repatriation actions. Our working capital may be used to fund possible losses, business growth, project initiatives, share repurchases and business development initiatives including acquisitions, which could reduce our liquidity and result in a requirement for additional cash before that time. Any substantial inability to achieve our current business plan could have a material adverse impact on our financial position, liquidity, or results of operations and may require us to reduce expenditures and/or seek possible additional financing.
 
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAMS
 
On October 31, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program with provisions to buy back up to $2.0 million of our stock during the period from November 1, 2018 through October 31, 2019.  The program was established with a 10b5-1 plan under the Exchange Act to provide flexibility to make purchases throughout the period. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, 55,904 shares of stock were repurchased at an average price of $4.37 for a total of $244,197 including $1,176 in commissions and charges. The $2.0 million buyback program was completed during the third quarter of 2019. The following is a summary of the stock repurchase program from November 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019:
 
 
Repurchases by Month
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
 
Average Price Paid per Share
 
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Repurchase Program
 
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Program
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 2018
  101,975 
 $5.25 
  101,975 
 $1,464,470 
January 2019
  43,701 
 $5.39 
  43,701 
 $1,229,115 
March 2019
  13,911 
 $5.49 
  13,911 
 $1,152,793 
April 2019
  69,141 
 $5.34 
  69,141 
 $783,687 
May 2019
  69,798 
 $4.63 
  69,798 
 $461,417 
June 2019
  49,255 
 $4.44 
  49,255 
 $244,197 
July 2019
  55,280 
 $4.37 
  55,280 
 $2,798 
August 2019
  624 
 $4.32 
  624 
 $3 
Total
  403,685 
 $4.95 
  403,685 
    
 
    
    
    
    
 
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
 
Except as noted in the accompanying consolidated financial statements in Note 6, “Operating Lease Commitments” and Note 7, “Other Commitments”, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
 
21
 
 
NON-GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (GAAP) FINANCIAL MEASURES
 
Non-GAAP financial measures, such as EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA, should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide meaningful supplemental information regarding the Company’s results and facilitate the comparison of results. A reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA follows:
 
NON-GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (GAAP) FINANCIAL MEASURE RECONCILIATION
 
 
 
Three Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income (loss)
 $(844)
 $342 
 $(691)
 $958 
   Interest (income)
  (25)
  (10)
  (47)
  (26)
   Taxes
  55 
  180 
  52 
  267 
   Depreciation & amortization
  248 
  230 
  672 
  736 
EBITDA earnings (loss)
 $(566)
 $742 
 $(14)
 $1,935 
 
    
    
    
    
   Equity compensation
  260 
  282 
  911 
  932 
Adjusted EBITDA earnings (loss),
    
    
    
    
   excluding equity compensation
 $(306)
 $1,024 
 $897 
 $2,867 
 
    
    
    
    
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
We adopted the new lease accounting standard, ASC 842, on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method, and recorded a balance sheet adjustment on the date of adoption. In 2018, we accounted for leases under ASC 840. The new lease standard requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for operating leases, and also requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures to enable users of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In adopting ASC 842, we utilized certain practical expedients available under the standard. These practical expedients include waiving reassessment of conclusions reached under the previous lease standard as to whether contracts contain leases, not recording right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less, how to classify leases identified and how to account for initial direct costs incurred. We also utilized the practical expedient to use hindsight as of the date of adoption to determine the terms of our leases and to evaluate our right-of-use assets for impairment.
 
Item 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 4.     Controls and Procedures
 
EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable level of assurance. Disclosure Controls are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure Controls are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROLS
 
There were no changes made in our internal controls during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting which is still under the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013).
 
 
22
 
 
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. 
Legal Proceedings
 
From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations in the normal course of business. As of September 30, 2019, we were not a party to any material pending legal proceedings.
 
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. There are no material changes to the Risk Factors described in our Annual Report.
 
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
None
 
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None
 
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
 
Not Applicable
 
Item 5.
Other Information
 
None
 
Item 6.
Exhibits
 
(a)Exhibits
 
10
Material Contracts:
 
None
31
 
 
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002:
 
31.1    Chief Executive Officer Certification
 
31.2    Chief Financial Officer Certification
 
 
32
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002:
 
32.1    Chief Executive Officer Certification
 
32.2    Chief Financial Officer Certification
 
    
101
Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T
 
 
23
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
DATA I/O CORPORATION
(REGISTRANT)
 
 
 
 
 
Date: November 13, 2019
By:  
/s/ Anthony Ambrose
 
 
 
Anthony Ambrose
 
 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

By:  
/s/ Joel S. Hatlen
 
 
 
Joel S. Hatlen
 
 
 
Vice President and Chief Operating and Financial Officer
Secretary and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
 

 
 
24