Digimarc CORP - Quarter Report: 2014 March (Form 10-Q)

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Form 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-34108

DIGIMARC CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Oregon

26-2828185

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

9405 SW Gemini Drive, Beaverton, Oregon 97008

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(503) 469-4800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of April 22, 2014, there were 7,527,082 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents


PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited):	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013	4
	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013	6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	16
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	28
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	28
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	29
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	29
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	29
Item 6.	Exhibits	30
SIGNATURES		31

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements.

DIGIMARC CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

(UNAUDITED)


	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,055	$	3,811
Marketable securities		28,120		25,851
Trade accounts receivable, net		4,036		5,838
Other current assets		2,368		1,658

Total current assets		37,579		37,158
Marketable securities		1,107		5,302
Property and equipment, net		2,326		2,395
Intangibles, net		6,740		6,709
Goodwill		1,114		1,114
Deferred tax assets, net		4,519		3,949
Other assets		486		570

Total assets	$	53,871	$	57,197

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	$	1,325	$	1,560
Deferred revenue		2,690		4,218

Total current liabilities		4,015		5,778
Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities		505		496

Total liabilities		4,520		6,274
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock (par value $0.001 per share, 2,500,000 authorized, 10,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013)		50		50
Common stock (par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 authorized, 7,522,082 and 7,401,072 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively)		8		7
Additional paid-in capital		42,735		41,498
Retained earnings		6,558		9,368

Total shareholders’ equity		49,351		50,923

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	53,871	$	57,197

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

DIGIMARC CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(UNAUDITED)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Revenue:
Service	$	2,988		$	2,929
Subscription		1,412			1,384
License		2,805			5,930

Total revenue		7,205			10,243
Cost of revenue:
Service		1,414			1,403
Subscription		649			635
License		83			96

Total cost of revenue		2,146			2,134
Gross profit		5,059			8,109
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		1,879			1,277
Research, development and engineering		3,546			2,725
General and administrative		2,421			2,186
Intellectual property		534			277

Total operating expenses		8,380			6,465

Operating income (loss)		(3,321	)		1,644
Other income, net		27			29

Income (loss) before income taxes		(3,294	)		1,673
(Provision) benefit for income taxes		1,308			(702	)

Net income (loss)	$	(1,986	)	$	971

Earnings (loss) per common share:
Earnings (loss) per common share—basic	$	(0.29	)	$	0.13
Earnings (loss) per common share—diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	0.13
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic		7,000			6,838
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted		7,000			7,058
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.11		$	0.11

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

DIGIMARC CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

(UNAUDITED)


	Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Total Shareholders’ Equity
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Total Shareholders’ Equity
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2012		10,000	$	50		7,168,359		$	7	$	39,869		$	13,077		$	53,003
Issuance of restricted common stock		—		—		171,330			—		—			—			—
Forfeiture of restricted common stock		—		—		(2,625	)		—		—			—			—
Purchase and retirement of common stock		—		—		(29,759	)		—		(648	)		—			(648	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—			—		1,125			—			1,125
Net income		—		—		—			—		—			971			971
Cash dividends declared		—		—		—			—		—			(801	)		(801	)

BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2013		10,000	$	50		7,307,305		$	7	$	40,346		$	13,247		$	53,650

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2013		10,000	$	50		7,401,072		$	7	$	41,498		$	9,368		$	50,923
Exercise of stock options		—		—		121,784			1		711			—			712
Issuance of restricted common stock		—		—		56,800			—		—			—			—
Forfeiture of restricted common stock		—		—		(7,073	)		—		—			—			—
Purchase and retirement of common stock		—		—		(50,501	)		—		(850	)		—			(850	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—			—		1,304			—			1,304
Tax benefit from stock-based awards		—		—		—			—		72			—			72
Net loss		—		—		—			—		—			(1,986	)		(1,986	)
Cash dividends declared		—		—		—			—		—			(824	)		(824	)

BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2014		10,000	$	50		7,522,082		$	8	$	42,735		$	6,558		$	49,351

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

DIGIMARC CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(UNAUDITED)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income(loss)	$	(1,986	)	$	971
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment		231			158
Amortization and write-off of intangibles		308			299
Change in allowance for doubtful accounts		(7	)		—
Gain on reversal of contingent merger consideration		—			(190	)
Stock-based compensation		1,259			1,092
Deferred income taxes		(509	)		(112	)
Excess tax benefit from stock-based awards		(72	)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable, net		1,809			(228	)
Other current assets		(699	)		(44	)
Other assets		84			1
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities		(317	)		(213	)
Income taxes payable		3			778
Deferred revenue		(1,484	)		832

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		(1,380	)		3,344
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment		(117	)		(86	)
Capitalized patent costs		(295	)		(228	)
Maturity of marketable securities		11,192			23,116
Purchase of marketable securities		(9,266	)		(21,933	)

Net cash provided by investing activities		1,514			869
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of common stock		712			—
Purchase of common stock		(850	)		(648	)
Cash dividends paid		(824	)		(801	)
Excess tax benefit from stock-based awards		72			—

Net cash used in financing activities		(890	)		(1,449	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(756	)		2,764
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		3,811			6,866

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	3,055		$	9,630

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net	$	(12	)	$	36
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing activities:
Stock-based compensation capitalized to patent costs	$	45		$	33

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

DIGIMARC CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

(UNAUDITED)

1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

Digimarc Corporation (“Digimarc” or the “Company”), an Oregon corporation, enables governments and enterprises around the world to give digital identities to media and objects that computers can sense and recognize and to which they can react. The

Company’s technology provides the means to infuse persistent digital information, “Digimarc IDs,” perceptible only to computers

and digital devices, into all forms of media content. The unique digital identifier placed in media generally persists with it regardless

of the distribution path and whether it is copied, manipulated or converted to a different format, and does not affect the quality of the

content or the enjoyment or other traditional uses of it. The Company’s technology permits computers and digital devices to quickly and reliably identify all forms of media content.

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company has adhered to the accounting policies set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 in preparing the accompanying interim consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared from the Company’s records without audit and, in management’s opinion, include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly reflect the financial condition and the results of operations for the periods presented. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (the “U.S.”) have been condensed or omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, which was filed with the SEC on February 21, 2014. The results of operations for the interim periods presented in these consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. These reclassifications had no material effect on the results of operations or financial position for any period presented.

2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”) defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S., and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, which are the following:

•

Level 1—Pricing inputs are quoted prices available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date.

•

Level 2—Pricing inputs are quoted for similar investments, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 includes investments valued at quoted prices adjusted for legal or contractual restrictions specific to these investments.

•

Level 3—Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment; that is, the inputs reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The Company records marketable securities at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

The Company’s fair value hierarchy for its cash equivalents and marketable securities as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, was as follows:


March 31, 2014	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Money market securities	$	2,036	$	—	$	—	$	2,036
Pre-refunded municipal bonds (1)		—		27,929		—		27,929
Corporate notes		—		398		—		398
Commercial paper		—		350		—		350
U.S. federal agency notes		—		329		—		329
Certificates of deposits		—		221		—		221

Total	$	2,036	$	29,227	$	—	$	31,263


December 31, 2013	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Money market securities	$	2,343	$	—	$	—	$	2,343
Pre-refunded municipal bonds (1)		—		29,268		—		29,268
Corporate notes		—		1,180		—		1,180
U.S. federal agency notes		—		331		—		331
Certificates of deposits		—		321		—		321
Other municipals		—		153		—		153

Total	$	2,343	$	31,253	$	—	$	33,596

(1)	Pre-refunded municipal bonds are collateralized by U.S. treasuries.

The fair value maturities of the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities as of March 31, 2014 are as follows:


	Maturities by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-5 years		5-10 years		More than 10 years
Cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	31,263	$	30,156	$	1,107	$	—	$	—

The Company considers all highly liquid marketable securities with original maturities of 90 days or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents include money market funds and certificates of deposit totaling $2,036 and $2,443 at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Cash equivalents are carried at cost or amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

3. Acquisition of Attributor Corporation (“Attributor”)

The Company accounted for the acquisition of Attributor in December 2012 using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values.

The Company recorded a $190 liability in the preliminary purchase price allocation reflecting the estimated fair value of the contingent merger consideration on the acquisition date. At March 31, 2013, the Company determined that the estimated fair value of the contingent merger consideration was $0 based on the Company’s most recent projections and therefore reversed the liability. The reversal of the $190 liability was reflected as a reduction in general and administrative expense within the consolidated statements of operations for the three-months ended March 31, 2013. The contingency period ended on December 31, 2013 with $0 contingent merger consideration being earned.

4. Revenue Recognition

The Company derives its revenue primarily from development services, subscriptions and licensing of its patent portfolio:

•

Service revenue consists primarily of software development and consulting services. The majority of service revenue arrangements are structured as time and materials consulting agreements and fixed price consulting agreements.

•

Subscription revenue includes subscriptions for products and services, is generally recurring, paid in advance and recognized over the term of the subscription.

•

License revenue, including royalty revenue, originates primarily from licensing the Company’s technology and patents where the Company receives license fees and/or royalties as its income stream.

Revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC 605 “Revenue Recognition” and ASC 985 “Software” when the following four criteria are met:

(i)

persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists,

(ii)

delivery has occurred,

(iii)

the fee is fixed or determinable, and

(iv)

collection is reasonably assured.

Some customer arrangements encompass multiple deliverables, such as patent licenses, professional services, software subscriptions, and maintenance fees. For arrangements that include multiple deliverables, the Company identifies separate units of accounting at inception based on the consensus reached under ASC 605-25 “Multiple-Element Arrangements,” which provides that revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables should be divided into separate units of accounting if certain criteria are met. The consideration for the arrangement is allocated to the separate units of accounting using the relative selling price method.

The relative selling price method allocates the consideration based on the Company’s specific assumptions rather than assumptions of a marketplace participant, and any discount in the arrangement proportionally to each deliverable on the basis of each deliverable’s selling price.

Applicable revenue recognition criteria is considered separately for each separate unit of accounting as follows:

•

Revenue from professional service arrangements is generally determined based on time and materials. Revenue for professional services is recognized as the services are performed. Billing for services rendered generally occurs within one month after the services are provided.

•

Subscription revenue, which includes subscriptions for products and services, is generally paid in advance and recognized over the term of the subscription, which is generally one month to twenty-four months.

•

License revenue is recognized when amounts owed to the Company have been earned, are fixed or determinable (within the Company’s normal 30 to 60 day payment terms), and collection is reasonably assured. If the payment terms extend beyond the normal 30 to 60 days, the fee may not be considered to be fixed or determinable, and the revenue would then be recognized when installments are due.

•

The Company records revenue from certain license agreements upon cash receipt as a result of collectability not being reasonably assured.

•

The Company’s standard payment terms for license arrangements are 30 to 60 days. Extended payment terms on patent license arrangements are not considered to be fixed or determinable if payments are due beyond the Company’s standard payment terms, primarily because of the risk of substantial modification present in the Company’s patent licensing business. As such, revenue on license arrangements with extended payment terms are recognized as fees become fixed or determinable.

Deferred revenue consists of billings in advance for professional services, licenses and subscriptions for which revenue has not been earned.

5. Segment Information

Geographic Information

The Company derives its revenue from a single reporting segment: media management solutions. Revenue is generated in this segment through licensing of intellectual property, subscriptions of various products and services, and the delivery of services pursuant to contracts with various customers. The Company markets its products in the U.S. and in non-U.S. countries through its sales and licensing personnel.

Revenue, based upon the “bill-to” location, by geographic area is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014		Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Domestic	$	3,117	$	6,125
International (1)		4,088		4,118

Total	$	7,205	$	10,243

(1)	Revenue from the Central Banks, consisting of a consortium of central banks around the world, is classified as international revenue. Reporting revenue by country for this customer is not practicable.

Major Customers

Customers who accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Central Banks		43	%		29	%
The Nielsen Company (“Nielsen”)		16	%		*
Verance Corporation (“Verance”)		10	%		*
Intellectual Ventures (“IV”)		*			34	%

*	Less than 10%

6. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation includes expense charges for all stock-based awards to employees and directors. These awards include stock option grants and restricted stock awards.

Stock-based compensation expense related to internal legal labor is capitalized to patent costs based on direct labor hours charged to capitalized patent costs.

Determining Fair Value

Stock Options

Valuation and Amortization Method. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The Company amortizes the fair value of all awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods, which are generally the vesting periods.

Expected Life. The expected life of awards granted represents the period of time that they are expected to be outstanding. The Company determines the expected life based on historical experience with similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and pre-vesting and post-vesting forfeitures. Stock options granted generally vest over three to four years for employee grants and one to two years for director grants, and have contractual terms of ten years.

Expected Volatility. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock at the date of grant based on the historical volatility of its common stock based on historical prices over the most recent period commensurate with the expected life of the award.

Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company determines the risk-free interest rate using current U.S. treasury yields for bonds with a maturity commensurate with the expected life of the award.

Expected Dividend Yield. The expected dividend yield is derived by the Company’s expected annual dividend rate over the expected term divided by the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

There were no stock options granted during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

The Company records stock-based compensation expense for stock option awards only for those awards that are expected to vest.

Restricted Stock

The fair value of restricted stock awarded is based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant (measurement date), and is recognized over the vesting period using the straight-line method.

The Company records stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock awards only for those awards that are expected to vest.

Stock-based Compensation


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014		Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Stock-based compensation:
Cost of revenue	$	142	$	157
Sales and marketing		142		112
Research, development and engineering		356		256
General and administrative		550		506
Intellectual property		69		61

Stock-based compensation expense		1,259		1,092
Capitalized to patent costs		45		33

Total stock-based compensation	$	1,304	$	1,125

The following table sets forth total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based awards granted under all equity compensation plans, including stock options and restricted stock:


	As of March 31, 2014		As of December 31, 2013
Unrecognized compensation costs	$	10,103	$	9,711

Total unrecognized compensation costs will be adjusted for any future changes in estimated forfeitures.

The Company expects to recognize the unrecognized compensation costs as of March 31, 2014 for stock options and restricted stock over weighted average periods through March 2018 as follows:


	Stock Options		Restricted Stock
Weighted average period		0.7 years		1.6 years

Stock Option Activity

As of March 31, 2014, under all of the Company’s stock-based compensation plans, equity awards to purchase an additional 609,942 shares were authorized for future grants under the plans. The Company issues new shares upon option exercises.

The following table reconciles the outstanding balance of stock options:


Three-months ended March 31, 2014:	Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2013		813,522		$	15.44	$	7.96
Options granted		—			—		—
Options exercised		(121,784	)		11.03		6.61
Options canceled or expired		—			—		—

Outstanding at March 31, 2014		691,738		$	16.22	$	8.20	$	10,501

Exercisable at March 31, 2014		636,391		$	15.26			$	10,272

Unvested at March 31, 2014		55,347		$	27.26			$	229

The aggregate intrinsic value is based on the closing price of $31.40 per share of Digimarc common stock on March 31, 2014, which would have been received by the optionees had all of the options with exercise prices less than $31.40 per share been exercised on that date.

Restricted Stock Activity

The following table reconciles the unvested balance of restricted stock:


Three-months ended March 31, 2014:	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested balance, December 31, 2013		448,126		$	19.89
Granted		56,800		$	32.56
Vested		(41,970	)	$	22.92
Canceled		(7,073	)	$	21.65

Unvested balance, March 31, 2014		455,883		$	21.17

7. Earnings Per Common Share

The Company calculates basic and diluted earnings per common share in accordance with ASC 260 “Earnings Per Share,” using the two-class method because the Company’s unvested restricted stock is a participating security since these awards contain non-forfeitable rights to receive dividends. Under the two-class method, earnings are allocated to each class of common stock and participating security as if all of the net earnings for the period had been distributed.

Basic earnings per common share excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing earnings to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing earnings to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares, as adjusted for the potentially dilutive effect of stock options. The following table reconciles earnings (loss) per common share for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Basic Earnings (Loss) per Common Share:
*Numerator:*
Net income (loss)	$	(1,986	)	$	971
Distributed earnings to common shares		773			752
Distributed earnings to participating securities		51			49

Total distributed earnings		824			801
Undistributed earnings (loss) allocable to common shares		(2,810	)		160
Undistributed earnings allocable to participating securities		—			10
Total undistributed earnings (loss)		(2,810	)		170

Earnings (loss) to common shares—basic	$	(2,037	)	$	912
*Denominator (shares in thousands)*:
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic		7,000			6,838
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	(0.29	)	$	0.13


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Common Share:
*Numerator:*
Earnings (loss) to common shares— basic	$	(2,037	)	$	912
Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities		—			10
Undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities		—			(10	)
Earnings (loss) to common shares—diluted	$	(2,037	)	$	912
*Denominator (shares in thousands)*:
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic		7,000			6,838
Dilutive effect of stock options		—			220

Weighted average common shares outstanding—dilutive		7,000			7,058
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	(0.29	)	$	0.13

There were 219,532 common stock equivalents related to stock options that were anti-dilutive and excluded from diluted earnings per common share for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 as the Company incurred a net loss for the period.

There were 75,000 and 215,000 common stock equivalents related to stock options that were anti-dilutive and excluded from diluted earnings per common share for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, as their exercise prices were higher than the average market price of the underlying common stock for the period.

8. Trade Accounts Receivable

Trade Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount.


	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Trade accounts receivable	$	4,074		$	5,883
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(38	)		(45	)

Trade accounts receivable, net	$	4,036		$	5,838

Unpaid deferred revenue included in trade accounts receivable	$	965		$	3,319

Allowance for doubtful accounts

The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing trade accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience and current information. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Account balances are charged against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.

Unpaid deferred revenue

The unpaid deferred revenue that is included in trade accounts receivable is billed in accordance with the provisions of the contracts with the Company’s customers. Unpaid deferred revenue from the Company’s cash-basis customers is not included in trade accounts receivable nor deferred revenue.

Major customers

Customers who accounted for 10% or more of trade accounts receivable, net are as follows:


	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Central Banks		44	%		47	%
Civolution		25	%		10	%
The Nielsen Company (“Nielsen”)		*			20	%

*	Less than 10%

9. Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred.

Depreciation on property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally two to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life or the lease term.


	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Office furniture fixtures	$	764		$	762
Equipment		3,277			3,127
Leasehold improvements		1,138			1,137

Gross property and equipment		5,179			5,026
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(2,853	)		(2,631	)

Property and equipment, net	$	2,326		$	2,395

10. Intangibles

Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.

Amortization of capitalized patent costs associated with the application and award of patents in the U.S. and various other countries are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the patents as determined at award date, which varies depending on the pendency period of the application, generally approximating seventeen years.

Amortization of intangible assets acquired is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.


	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Capitalized patent costs	$	5,456		$	5,157
Intangible assets acquired:
Purchased patents and intellectual property		250			250
Existing technology		1,560			1,560
Customer relationships		290			290
Backlog		760			760
Tradenames		290			290
Non-solicitation agreements		120			120

Gross intangible assets		8,726			8,427
Accumulated amortization		(1,986	)		(1,718	)

Intangibles, net	$	6,740		$	6,709

11. Joint Ventures and Related Party Transactions

In March 2012, Digimarc and Nielsen decided to reduce the investments in their two joint ventures, TVaura LLC (in which Digimarc holds a 51% ownership interest) and TVaura Mobile LLC (in which Digimarc holds a 49% ownership interest), to minimal levels while assessing alternative approaches to achieving each of their goals in the emerging market opportunity of synchronized second screen television. Payment of all expenses incurred after the suspension of operations of each joint venture is unconditionally the responsibility of the majority owner, which expenses for TVaura LLC, if any, will be paid by Digimarc. As of March 31, 2014, both Digimarc and Nielsen continued to assess the market opportunities of each of the joint ventures.

Summarized financial information for the joint ventures has not been provided as the disclosures are immaterial to the Company’s filing given the operations of the joint ventures have been suspended. The joint ventures had no revenue or expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company’s investment in each joint venture was $0 as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

12. Income Taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 reflects current taxes, deferred taxes, and withholding taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions. The effective tax rate for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was 40% and 42%, respectively. The valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2014 was $410, an increase of $39 from $371 as of December 31, 2013.

13. Commitments and Contingencies

Certain of the Company’s product license and services agreements include an indemnification provision for claims from third parties relating to the Company’s intellectual property. Such indemnification provisions are accounted for in accordance with ASC 450 “Contingencies.” To date, there have been no claims made under such indemnification provisions.

The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Attributor, is a defendant in a patent infringement lawsuit brought by Blue Spike, LLC (E.D. Texas, Civil Action No: 6:12-cv-540). The case was brought against Attributor in August 2012.

Blue Spike asserted infringement by Attributor of four patents. Attributor filed an answer denying that it has infringed any valid claim of the patents in suit, and asserting specified defenses, including non-infringement and invalidity. The court has consolidated the cases that Blue Spike has brought against over ninety defendants into one case, Civil Action No. 6:12-cv-00499. A schedule for the case has recently been set and trial is scheduled for October 2015. Blue Spike is seeking damages but a range of loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability as of March 31, 2014.

In May 2013, the Company instituted an arbitration proceeding against IV regarding IV’s calculation of potential profit sharing payments under the Company’s license agreement with IV. The action was settled on January 17, 2014. The settlement did not result in profit sharing payments to the Company.

The Company is subject from time to time to other legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

14. Subsequent Events

In accordance with ASC 855 “Subsequent Events,” the Company has evaluated subsequent events.

On April 23, 2014, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.11 per share, payable on May 12, 2014 to shareholders of record on May 5, 2014.

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements relating to future events or the future financial performance of Digimarc, which involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. Please see the discussion regarding forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the caption “Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.”

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Readers are also urged to carefully review and consider the disclosures made in Part II, Item 1A (Risk Factors) of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 filed on February 21, 2014 (the “2013 Annual Report”) and in the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our 2013 Annual Report, and other reports and filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “Digimarc,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Digimarc Corporation.

All dollar amounts are in thousands except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted. Percentages within the following tables may not foot due to rounding.

Digimarc Discover and Digimarc Guardian (pending) are registered trademarks of Digimarc Corporation. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also includes trademarks and trade names owned by other parties, and all other such trademarks and trade names mentioned in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are the property of their respective owners.

Overview

Digimarc Corporation enables governments and enterprises around the world to give digital identities to media and objects that computers can sense and recognize and to which they can react. Our technology provides the means to infuse persistent digital information, “Digimarc IDs,” perceptible only to computers and digital devices, into all forms of media content. The unique digital identifier placed in media generally persists with it regardless of the distribution path and whether it is copied, manipulated or converted to a different format, and does not affect the quality of the content or the enjoyment or other traditional uses of it. Our technology permits computers and digital devices to quickly identify relevant data from vast amounts of media content.

Our technologies, and those of our licensees, span numerous applications across a wide range of media content, enabling our customers and those of our partners to:

•

Improve the speed of retail checkout;

•

Provide simple and intuitive mobile customer engagement experiences in stores;

•

Quickly and reliably identify and effectively manage music, movies, television programming, digital images, e-books, documents and other printed materials, especially in light of non-linear distribution over the internet;

•

Deter counterfeiting of money, media and goods, and piracy of e-books, movies and music;

•

Support new digital media distribution models and methods to monetize media content;

•

Leverage the power of ubiquitous computing to instantly link consumers to a wealth of information and/or interactive experiences related to the media and objects they encounter each day;

•

Provide consumers with more choice and access to media content when, where and how they want it;

•

Enhance imagery and video by associating metadata or authenticating media content for government and commercial uses; and

•

Better secure identity documents to enhance national security and combat identity theft and fraud.

At the core of our intellectual property is a signal processing innovation known as “digital watermarking,” which allows imperceptible digital information to be embedded in all forms of digitally designed, produced or distributed media content and some physical objects, including photographs, movies, music, television, personal identification documents, financial instruments, industrial parts and product packages. The digital information can be detected and read by a wide range of computers, mobile phones and other digital devices.

Our technology allows our customers to provide persistent digital identities for any media content that is digitally processed at some point during its lifecycle. The technology can be applied to printed materials, video, audio, and images. The inclusion of these digital signals enables a wide range of improvements in security and media management, and new business models for distribution and consumption of media content. Over the years our technology and intellectual property portfolios have grown to encompass many related technologies.

We provide solutions directly and through our licensees. Our proprietary technology has proven to be a powerful element of document security, giving rise to our long-term relationship with a consortium of central banks, which we refer to as the Central Banks, and many leading companies in the information technology industry. We and our licensees have successfully propagated digital watermarking in music, movies, television broadcasts, images and printed materials. Digimarc IDs have been used in these applications to improve media rights and asset management, reduce piracy and counterfeiting losses, improve marketing programs, permit more efficient and effective distribution of valuable media content and enhance consumer entertainment and commercial experiences.

Digimarc IDs are easily embedded into all forms of media and are imperceptible to human senses, but quickly detected by computers, networks or other digital devices like smartphones. Unlike traditional barcodes and tags, our solution does not require publishers to give up valuable space in magazines and newspapers; nor does it impact the overall layout or aesthetics of the publication. Our Digimarc Discover™ platform delivers a range of rich media experiences to its readers on their smartphones across multiple media including print, audio, video and packaging. Unique to the Digimarc Discover platform is its ability to use various content identification technologies as needed, including our patented technology.

As part of the Digimarc Discover platform, we recently introduced Digimarc Barcodes, which contain the same type of information found in traditional product UPC codes, but is invisibly repeated multiple times over the entire packaging. We have partnered with Datalogic, a global leader in Automatic Data Capture and Industrial Automation markets and producer of barcode readers, who has enabled its new Magellan^TM 9800i multi-plane imaging scanner to detect and process Digimarc Barcodes. Digimarc Barcodes can also connect mobile-enabled consumers directly from packaging to engaging mobile experiences such as additional product information, special offers, recommendations, reviews, social networks and more.

Our patent portfolio contains a number of innovations in digital watermarking, pattern recognition (sometimes referred to as “fingerprinting”), digital rights management and related fields. To protect our significant efforts in creating our technology, we have implemented an extensive intellectual property protection program that relies on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, and nondisclosure agreements and other contracts. As a result, we believe we have one of the world’s most extensive patent portfolios in digital watermarking and related fields, with more than 1,250 U.S. and foreign patents and pending patent applications as of March 31, 2014. We continue to develop and broaden our portfolio of patented technology in the fields of media identification and management technology and related applications and systems. We devote significant resources to developing and protecting our inventions and continuously seek to identify and evaluate potential licensees for our patents. The patents in our portfolio have a life of approximately 20 years from invention date, and up to 17 years after the patent has been granted.

As part of our intellectual property marketing and patent monetization efforts, our key objectives in building relationships with potential customers and partners are to:

•

make progress toward the realization of our vision to enrich everyday living via pervasive, intuitive computing;

•

expand the scope of our license program;

•

more effectively monetize our patent assets;

•

encourage large scale adoption of our technologies by industry leaders;

•

improve our financial performance;

•

increase the scale and rate of growth of our products and services business; and

•

lay a foundation for continuing innovation.

For a discussion of activities and costs related to our research and development, read the section titled “Research, development and engineering.”

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Detailed information on our critical accounting policies and estimates are set forth in our 2013 Annual Report in Part II, Item 7 thereof (“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”), under the caption “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates,” which is incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Results of Operations

The following table presents statements of operations data for the periods indicated as a percentage of total revenue. Unless otherwise indicated, all references in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations to the three-month period relate to the three-month period ended March 31, 2014 and all changes discussed with respect to such period reflect changes compared to the three-month period ended March 31, 2013.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Revenue:
Service		41	%		29	%
Subscription		20			14
License		39			58

Total revenue		100			100
Cost of revenue:
Service		20			14
Subscription		9			6
License		1			1

Total cost of revenue		30			21
Gross profit		70			79
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		26			12
Research, development and engineering		49			27
General and administrative		34			21
Intellectual property		7			3

Total operating expenses		116			63
Operating income (loss)		(46	)		16

Other income, net		—			—

Income (loss) before income taxes		(46	)		16
(Provision) benefit for income taxes		18			(7	)

Net income (loss)		(28	)%		9	%

Summary

During 2013, we increased the level of investment in our product development and sales growth initiatives. These initiatives include developing and marketing Digimarc Discover, the Digimarc Barcode and other aspects of our Intuitive Computing Platform as well as further developing our retained patent assets and exploring strategic opportunities in the mobile payments market. We expect to maintain a similar level of investment for these initiatives during 2014 as we made in the second half of 2013.

Total revenue for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 decreased 30% to $7.2 million compared to the same period in 2013 primarily due to the end of the quarterly license fee payments from Intellectual Ventures (“IV”) in the second quarter of 2013 partially offset by higher royalty revenue from other licensees.

Total operating expenses for the three-months ended March 31, 2014 increased 30% to $8.4 million compared to the same period in 2013 reflecting the increased level of investment in our ongoing product development and sales growth initiatives.

Revenue


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Increase (Decrease)			Percent Increase (Decrease)
Revenue:
Service	$	2,988		$	2,929		$	59			2	%
Subscription		1,412			1,384			28			2	%
License		2,805			5,930			(3,125	)		(53	)%

Total	$	7,205		$	10,243		$	(3,038	)		(30	)%

Revenue (as % of total revenue):
Service		41	%		29	%
Subscription		20	%		14	%
License		39	%		58	%

Total		100	%		100	%

Service. Service revenue consists primarily of software development and consulting services. The majority of service revenue arrangements are structured as time and materials consulting agreements, or fixed price consulting agreements. Most of our service revenue is derived from contracts with the Central Banks, IV and government agency contractors. The agreements range from several months to several years in length, and our longer term contracts are subject to work plans that are reviewed and agreed upon at least annually. These contracts generally provide for billing hours worked at predetermined rates and, to a lesser extent, reimbursement for third party costs and services. Increases or decreases in the services provided under these contracts are generally subject to both volume and price changes. The volume of work is generally negotiated at least annually and can be modified as the customer’s needs change. We also have provisions in our longer term contracts that allow for specific hourly rate price increases on an annual basis to account for cost of living variables. Contracts with government agency contractors are generally shorter term in nature, less linear in billings and less predictable than our longer term contracts because the contracts with government agency contractors are subject to government budgets and funding.

The increase in service revenue for the three-month period was primarily due to higher billable rates under our agreement with the Central Banks, partially offset by lower revenue from a government agency contractor.

Subscription. Subscription revenue includes subscriptions for products and services, is generally recurring in nature, paid in advance and recognized over the term of the subscription.

Subscription revenue was essentially flat for both our Digimarc Discover and Digimarc Guardian products for the three-month period.

License. License revenue originates primarily from licensing our technology and patents where we receive fixed license fees and/or royalties as our income stream. The majority of our current license revenue is derived from contracts with Nielsen, Verance and Civolution. Revenue from our licensed products have minimal associated direct costs, and thus are highly profitable.

The decrease in license revenue for the three-month period was primarily due to the end of the quarterly license fee payments from IV, partially offset by higher royalties from other licensees.

Revenue by Geography


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Decrease			Percent Decrease
Revenue by geography:
Domestic	$	3,117		$	6,125		$	(3,008	)		(49	)%
International		4,088			4,118			(30	)		(1	)%

Total	$	7,205		$	10,243		$	(3,038	)		(30	)%

Revenue (as % of total revenue):
Domestic		43	%		60	%
International		57	%		40	%

Total		100	%		100	%

The decrease in domestic revenue for the three-month period was primarily the result of the end of the quarterly license fee payments from IV, partially offset by higher royalties from other licensees.

International revenue was essentially flat for the three-month period.

We anticipate a decrease in revenue for 2014 compared to 2013 primarily as a result of the end of quarterly license fee payments from IV in the second quarter of 2013 and from Nielsen in the first quarter of 2014. These declines are expected to be partially offset by increased revenue from our other existing customers and new customers as we continue to expand the marketing and monetization of our intellectual property portfolio and related products and services.

Cost of Revenue

Service. Cost of service revenue primarily includes costs that are allocated from research, development and engineering, sales and marketing and intellectual property that relate directly to performing services under our customer contracts and direct costs of program delivery for both personnel and operating expenses. Costs include:

•

compensation, benefits, incentive compensation in the form of stock-based compensation and related costs of our software developers, quality assurance personnel, product managers, business development managers and other personnel where we bill our customers for time and materials costs;

•

payments to outside contractors that are billed to customers;

•

charges for equipment directly used by customers;

•

depreciation and other charges for machinery, equipment and software directly used by customers;

•

travel costs directly attributable to service and development contracts; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

Subscription. Cost of subscription revenue primarily includes:

•

compensation, benefits, incentive compensation in the form of stock-based compensation and related costs of operations personnel and the cost of contractors to provide our Digimarc Guardian subscription service;

•

Internet service provider connectivity charges and image search data fees to support the services offered to our subscription customers; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

License. Cost of license revenue primarily includes:

•

amortization of capitalized patent costs and patent maintenance fees;

•

patent or software license costs for any patents licensed from third parties where the party receives a portion of royalties or license revenue received by Digimarc; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

Gross Profit


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Increase (Decrease)			Percent Increase (Decrease)
Gross Profit:
Service	$	1,574		$	1,526		$	48			3	%
Subscription		763			749			14			2	%
License		2,722			5,834			(3,112	)		(53	)%

Total	$	5,059		$	8,109		$	(3,050	)		(38	)%

Gross Profit (as % of related revenue components):
Service		53	%		52	%
Subscription		54	%		54	%
License		97	%		98	%
Total		70	%		79	%

The decrease in license gross profit, total gross profit and total gross profit as a percentage of revenue for the three-month period was due primarily to the end of the quarterly license fee payments from IV in the second quarter of 2013.

Operating Expenses

We allocate certain costs of research, development and engineering, sales and marketing, and intellectual property to cost of service revenue when they relate directly to our customer contracts.

We record all remaining, or “residual,” costs as sales and marketing costs, research, development and engineering, general and administrative, and intellectual property expenses.

We anticipate operating expenses will be higher in 2014 than 2013, reflecting the full year effect of the increased investment in our product development and sales growth initiatives partially offset by lower legal costs due to the settlement of the arbitration with IV.

Sales and marketing


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Increase		Percent Increase
Sales and marketing	$	1,879		$	1,277		$	602		47	%
Sales and marketing (as % of total revenue)		26	%		12	%

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of:

•

compensation, benefits, incentive compensation in the form of stock-based compensation and related costs of sales and marketing employees and product managers;

•

travel and market research costs, and costs associated with marketing programs, such as trade shows, public relations and new product launches;

•

professional services and outside contractors for product and marketing initiatives; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

The increase in sales and marketing expenses for the three-month period reflects the increased level of investment in our ongoing sales growth initiatives.

We anticipate sales and marketing expenses will be higher in 2014 than 2013, reflecting the full year effect of the increased investment in our sales and marketing growth initiatives.

Research, development and engineering


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Increase		Percent Increase
Research, development and engineering	$	3,546		$	2,725		$	821		30	%
Research, development and engineering (as % of total revenue)		49	%		27	%

Research, development and engineering expenses arise primarily from three areas that support our business model:

•

Fundamental Research:

•

investigation of new watermarking algorithms to increase robustness and/or computational efficiency;

•

mobile device usage models and imaging sub-systems in camera-phones;

•

industry conference participation and authorship of papers for industry journals;

•

survey and study of human and computer interaction models with a focus on mobile devices and modeling of intent;

•

development of new intellectual property, including documentation of claims and production of supporting diagrams and materials;

•

research in fingerprinting and other content identification technologies;

•

metadata ranking algorithms for matching Internet file content against reference database; and

•

investigation of substrates, printing techniques, and printing technology relating to consumer packaged goods.

•

Platform Development:

•

tuning and optimization of implementation models to improve resistance to non-malicious attacks and routine transformations, such as JPEG, cropping and printing;

•

mobile platform creation to leverage device-specific capabilities (e.g., instruction sets and Graphics Processing Units);

•

tuning big data analytics transformation and metrics aggregation engine;

•

tuning data-driven Internet crawling infrastructure with policy-driven feedback loop; and

•

assembly of master book publishing catalog based on aggregation and reconciliation of multiple public data sources.

•

Product Development:

•

deliver the Digimarc Barcode;

•

maintaining the Online Services Portal to provide campaign management and routing services for the Digimarc Discover platform;

•

maintaining the web-hosted image watermark embedder in support of Digimarc Discover platform;

•

iterative development and release of the Digimarc Discover application for the iOS and Android platforms;

•

real-time analytics portal to support anti-piracy services for the book industry; and

•

consumer book discovery application based on social network connections and shared interests.

Research, development and engineering expenses consist primarily of:

•

compensation, benefits, incentive compensation in the form of stock-based compensation expense, recruiting and related costs of software and hardware developers and quality assurance personnel;

•

payments to outside contractors;

•

the purchase of materials and services for product development; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

The increase in research, development and engineering expenses for the three-month period reflects the increased level of investment in our ongoing product development initiatives.

We anticipate research, development and engineering expenses will be higher in 2014 than 2013, reflecting the full year effect of the increased investment in our research and product development initiatives.

General and administrative


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Increase		Percent Increase
General and administrative	$	2,421		$	2,186		$	235		11	%
General and administrative (as % of total revenue)		34	%		21	%

We incur general and administrative costs in the functional areas of finance, legal, human resources, executive and board of directors. Costs for facilities and information technology are also managed as part of the general and administrative processes and are allocated to this area as well as each of the areas in costs of services, sales and marketing, research, development and engineering and intellectual property.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of:

•

compensation, benefits and incentive compensation in the form of stock-based compensation expense and related costs of general and administrative personnel;

•

third party and professional fees associated with legal, accounting and human resources;

•

costs associated with being a public company; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

The increase in general and administrative expenses for the three-month period resulted primarily from:

•

an increase of $0.2 million due to the reversal of the liability for contingent merger consideration related to the acquisition of Attributor in the first quarter of 2013;

•

increased legal fees of $0.2 million as a result of the settlement of the arbitration with IV; partially offset by

•

decreased accounting and tax fees of $0.2 million due to costs incurred in the first quarter of 2013 related to the Attributor acquisition.

We anticipate general and administrative expenses will be lower in 2014 than 2013 reflecting lower legal costs due to the settlement of the arbitration with IV. We will continue to examine means to reduce general and administrative expenses in the longer term.

Intellectual property


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			Dollar Increase		Percent Increase
Intellectual property	$	534		$	277		$	257		93	%
Intellectual property (as % of total revenue)		7	%		3	%

We incur intellectual property expenses that arise primarily from costs associated with documenting, applying for, and maintaining domestic and international patents and trademarks.

Gross expenditures for intellectual property costs, before reflecting the effect of capitalized patent costs, primarily consist of:

•

compensation, benefits and incentive compensation in the form of stock-based compensation expense and related costs of attorneys and legal assistants;

•

third party costs, including filing and governmental regulatory fees and fees for outside legal counsel and translation costs, each incurred in the patent process;

•

consulting costs related to marketing our intellectual property portfolio; and

•

charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.

Intellectual property expenses can vary from period to period based on:

•

the level of capitalized patent activity, and

•

prosecution costs and direct labor hours (compensation, benefits and incentive compensation) related to the patents that were exclusively licensed to IV that are allocated to cost of revenue.

The increase in intellectual property expense for the three-month period resulted primarily from a third party intellectual property valuation and marketing study and the effects of the increased level of investment in our ongoing intellectual property development and marketing efforts.

We anticipate intellectual property expenses will be higher in 2014 than 2013, reflecting the full year effect of the increased investment in our intellectual property development and marketing efforts.

Stock-based compensation


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014		Three Months Ended March 31, 2013		Dollar Increase (Decrease)			Percent Increase (Decrease)
Cost of revenue	$	142	$	157	$	(15	)		(10	)%
Sales and marketing		142		112		30			27	%
Research, development and engineering		356		256		100			39	%
General and administrative		550		506		44			9	%
Intellectual property		69		61		8			13	%

Total	$	1,259	$	1,092	$	167			15	%

The increase in total stock-based compensation expense for the three-month period was primarily due to higher headcount in support of our product development and sales growth initiatives. We anticipate incurring an additional $10,103 in stock-based compensation expense through March 2018 for awards outstanding as of March 31, 2014.

Other income, net


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014		Three Months Ended March 31, 2013		Dollar Decrease			Percent Decrease
Other income, net	$	27	$	29	$	(2	)		(7	)%
Other income, net (as % of total revenue)		*		*

*	Less than 1%

The decrease in other income, net was primarily due to lower interest income, due to a combination of lower cash balances and interest rates on cash and investments, and gains and losses on foreign currency.

Provision for Income Taxes

We continually assess the applicability of a valuation allowance. Based upon the positive and negative evidence available as of March 31, 2014, and due to Attributor’s history of losses and the inability to utilize Attributor losses to offset Digimarc income for state tax purposes, we concluded that it is not more likely than not that the Attributor state deferred tax assets will be realized and a full valuation allowance has been recorded on the state deferred tax assets of Attributor.

Liquidity and Capital Resources


	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
Working capital	$	33,564	$	31,380
Current (liquidity) ratio (1)		9.4:1		6.4:1
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities	$	31,175	$	29,662
Long-term marketable securities	$	1,107	$	5,302
Total cash, cash equivalents and all marketable securities	$	32,282	$	34,964

(1)	The current (liquidity) ratio is calculated by dividing total current assets by total current liabilities.

The $2.7 million decrease in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities resulted primarily from:

•

cash used in operations;

•

purchases of common stock related to the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock;

•

payment of dividends; and

•

investments in both equipment and patent assets; partially offset by

•

cash flows provided by the net maturity of marketable securities; and

•

proceeds from stock option exercises.

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and trade accounts receivable. We place our cash and cash equivalents with major banks and financial institutions and at times deposits may exceed insured limits. Marketable securities include pre-refunded municipal bonds, U.S. federal agency notes, corporate notes and commercial paper. Our investment policy requires the portfolio to be invested to ensure that the greater of $3 million or 7% of the invested funds will be available within 30 days notice.

Other than cash used for operating needs, which may include short-term marketable securities, our investment policy limits our credit exposure to any one financial institution or type of financial instrument by limiting the maximum of 5% of our cash and cash

equivalents and marketable securities or $1 million, whichever is greater, to be invested in any one issuer except for the U.S. government, U.S. federal agencies and U.S. backed securities, which have no limits, at the time of purchase. Our investment policy also limits our credit exposure by limiting to a maximum of 40% of our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, or $15 million, whichever is greater, to be invested in any one industry category, e.g., financial or energy industries, at the time of purchase. As a result, we believe our credit risk associated with cash and investments to be minimal. A decline in the market value of any security below cost that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in carrying amount to fair value. To determine whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, we consider whether we have the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and evidence indicating that the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. There have been no other-than-temporary impairments identified or recorded by us.

Operating Cash Flow.

The components of operating cash flows were:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013		Dollar Decrease			Percent Decrease
Net income (loss)	$	(1,986	)	$	971	$	(2,957	)		(305	)%
Non-cash items		1,210			1,247		(37	)		(3	)%
Changes in operating assets and liabilities		(604	)		1,126		(1,730	)		(154	)%

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(1,380	)	$	3,344	$	(4,724	)		(141	)%

Cash flows from operating activities for the three-month period decreased by $4.7 million, primarily as the result of lower net income and changes in operating assets and liabilities. The decrease from changes in operating assets and liabilities for the three-month period was primarily due to changes in income tax accounts.

Cash flows provided by investing activities for the three-month period increased by $0.6 million from $0.9 million to $1.5 million, primarily as a result of higher net maturities of marketable securities.

Cash flows used in financing activities for the three-month period decreased $0.5 million from $1.4 million to $0.9 million, primarily as a result of cash proceeds from stock option exercises and excess tax benefits generated on stock-based awards.

Future Cash Expectations

In connection with our license agreement with IV, the quarterly license fee ended in the second quarter of 2013. We are not able to estimate the future cash flow impact of any profit sharing we may earn from IV. No profit sharing was earned from 2013 licensing activities. In connection with our license agreement with Nielsen, the quarterly license fee ended in the first quarter of 2014.

Our Board of Directors previously approved a stock repurchase program under which we have $3,998 available to purchase shares of our common stock as of March 31, 2014. Shares of our common stock may be purchased in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, subject to market conditions. This repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any specific number of shares or to acquire shares over any specified period of time.

On April 23, 2014, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.11 per share, payable on May 12, 2014 to shareholders of record on May 5, 2014. The aggregate amount of the quarterly dividend payment is expected to be approximately $0.8 million.

We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, and short-term marketable securities balances will satisfy our projected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. Thereafter, we anticipate continuing to use cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balances to satisfy our projected working capital and capital expenditure requirements.

We may use cash resources to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses, technologies or product lines. In order to take advantage of opportunities, we may find it necessary to obtain additional equity financing, debt financing, or credit facilities. We do not believe at this time, however, that our long-term working capital and capital expenditures would require us to take steps to remedy any such potential deficiencies. If it becomes necessary to obtain additional financing or credit facilities, we may not be able to do so, or if these funds are available, they may not be available on satisfactory terms.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Other than the contractual obligations disclosed in our 2013 Annual Report, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.

Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933. Words such as “may,” “plan,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “project,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “continue,” variations of such terms or similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements, or other statements made by us, are made based on our expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting us, and are subject to uncertainties and factors (including those specified below), which are difficult to predict and, in many instances, are beyond our control. As a result, our actual results could differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any such forward-looking statements, and investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements. Forward-looking statements include but are not limited to statements relating to:

•

concentration of revenue with few customers comprising a large majority of the revenue;

•

revenue trends and expectations;

•

our future level of investment in our business, including investment in research, development and engineering of products and technology, development of our intellectual property, sales growth initiatives and development of new market opportunities;

•

our ability to improve margins;

•

anticipated expenses, costs, margins, provision for income taxes and investment activities in the foreseeable future;

•

anticipated revenue to be generated from current contracts and as a result of new programs;

•

variability of contracted arrangements;

•

our profitability in future periods;

•

business opportunities that could require that we seek additional financing;

•

the size and growth of our markets;

•

the existence of international growth opportunities and our future investment in such opportunities;

•

the sources of our future revenue;

•

our expected short-term and long-term liquidity positions;

•

our capital expenditure and working capital requirements and our ability to fund our capital expenditure and working capital needs through cash flow from operations;

•

capital market conditions, including the recent economic crisis, interest rate volatility and other limitations on the availability of capital, which could have an impact on our cost of capital and our ability to access the capital markets;

•

our use of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in upcoming quarters;

•

anticipated levels of backlog in future periods;

•

the success of our arrangements with Intellectual Ventures;

•

the success of our acquisition of Attributor Corporation;

•

protection, development and monetization of our intellectual property portfolio; and

•

other risks detailed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our 2013 Annual Report.

We believe that the risk factors specified above and the risk factors identified in Part I, Item 1A of our 2013 Annual Report, among others, could affect our future performance and the liquidity and value of our securities and cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Investors should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all risk factors and that there may be other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements made by us or by persons acting on our behalf apply only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect future events, information or circumstances that arise after the date of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

The market risk disclosures as set forth in Part II, Item 7A of our 2013 Annual Report have not changed materially.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We conducted an evaluation (pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)), under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. These disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports that are filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that this information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on the evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q.

Changes in Controls

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION.

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings.

We are subject from time to time to legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

Our wholly owned subsidiary, Attributor, is a defendant in a patent infringement lawsuit brought by Blue Spike, LLC (E.D. Texas, Civil Action No: 6:12-cv-540). The case was brought against Attributor in August 2012.

Blue Spike asserted infringement by Attributor of four patents. Attributor filed an answer denying that it has infringed any valid claim of the patents in suit, and asserting specified defenses, including non-infringement and invalidity. The court has consolidated the cases that Blue Spike has brought against over ninety defendants into one case, Civil Action No. 6:12-cv-00499. A schedule for the case has recently been set and trial is scheduled for October 2015. Blue Spike is seeking damages but a range of loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, we have not accrued any liability as of March 31, 2014.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows may be affected by a number of factors. Detailed information about risk factors that may affect Digimarc’s actual results are set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our 2013 Annual Report. The risks and uncertainties described in our 2013 Annual Report are those risks of which we are aware and that we consider to be material to our business. If any of the risks and uncertainties develops into actual events, our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline. As of March 31, 2014, there have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in our 2013 Annual Report.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

In November 2011, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase programs authorizing the purchase, at the discretion of management, of up to $5.0 million of our common stock for a one year period through periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices. In November 2013, the program was extended through December 31, 2014. As of March 31, 2014, we had repurchased 43,293 shares under this program at an aggregate purchase price of $1.0 million. No shares were repurchased under the program for the three-month period ended March 31, 2014.

In addition to the stock repurchase program described above, we withhold (repurchase) shares of common stock in connection with the vesting of restricted shares from time to time.

The following table sets forth information regarding purchases of our equity securities during the three-month period ended March 31, 2014:


Period	(a) Total number of shares purchased⁽¹⁾		(b) Average price paid per share⁽¹⁾		(c) Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs		(d) Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
Month 1
January 1, 2014 to January 31, 2014		—	$	—		—	$	4.0 million
Month 2
February 1, 2014 to February 28, 2014		17,463	$	32.56		—	$	4.0 million
Month 3
March 1, 2014 to March 31, 2014		—	$	—		—	$	4.0 million

Total		17,463	$	32.56		—

(1)	Fully vested restricted stock shares of common stock withheld (purchased) by us in satisfaction of required withholding tax liability upon the vesting of restricted shares.

Item 6.

Exhibits.


Exhibit Number		Exhibit Description

10.1*		Digimarc Corporation 2008 Incentive Plan, as amended

10.2		Equity Compensation Program for Nonemployee Directors under the Digimarc Corporation 2008 Incentive Plan, as amended February 21, 2011 and February 20, 2014.

31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer

31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer

32.1		Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer

32.2		Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*	Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



Date: April 25, 2014	DIGIMARC CORPORATION

	By:	/s/ CHARLES BECK
		CHARLES BECK
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)