Dorman Products, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 27, 2021

OR

For the transition period from                     to                    

Commission file number: 0-18914

Dorman Products, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(215) 997-1800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  ☒    Yes  ☐    No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  ☒    Yes  ☐    No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  ☐    Yes  ☒    No

As of April 22, 2021 the registrant had 32,082,579 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

DORMAN PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

March 27, 2021

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

DORMAN PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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DORMAN PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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DORMAN PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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DORMAN PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 

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DORMAN PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 27, 2021 AND MARCH 28, 2020

(UNAUDITED)

As used herein, unless the context requires otherwise, “Dorman,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refers to Dorman Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Our ticker symbol on the NASDAQ Global Select Market is “DORM.”

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and under the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). However, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 27, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 25, 2021 or any future period. We may experience significant fluctuations from quarter to quarter in our results of operations due to the timing of orders placed by our customers. The introduction of new products and product lines to customers may cause significant fluctuations from quarter to quarter. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020. 

On January 2, 2020, we acquired the remaining outstanding stock of Power Train Industries, Inc. (“PTI”) not already owned by the Company. The total purchase price for PTI was approximately $30.7 million, which included $18.4 million paid for the remaining 60% of the outstanding stock, subject to customary purchase price adjustments, and $12.3 million which represents the fair value of the previously held 40% equity interest in PTI that was acquired by the Company in 2016. As a result of the acquisition, we recorded a gain of $2.5 million in other (expense) income, net during the quarter ended March 28, 2020 from the increase in fair value of our original 40% interest in PTI. We previously accounted for our 40% interest as an equity-method investment.

We have entered several customer-sponsored programs administered by unrelated financial institutions that permit us to sell certain accounts receivable at discounted rates to the financial institutions. Transactions under these agreements were accounted for as sales of accounts receivable and the related accounts receivable were removed from our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at the times of the sales transactions. Pursuant to these agreements, we sold $209.9 million and $151.3 million of accounts receivable during the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, respectively. All credit terms with our customers are 365 days or less. Selling, general and administrative expenses include $2.6 million and $2.8 million during the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, respectively, of financing costs associated with these accounts receivable sales programs.

Inventories include the cost of material, freight, direct labor and overhead utilized in the processing of our products and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventories were as follows:

Acquisitions

We have contingent consideration related to certain of our prior acquisitions due to the uncertainty of the ultimate amount of payment which will become due as earnout payments if performance targets are achieved. As of both March 27, 2021 and December 26, 2020, we have accrued $8.0 million, which represents the fair value of the estimated payments that we expect will become due in connection with these prior acquisitions based upon performance targets. If the performance targets are fully achieved, the maximum contingent payments under these agreements would be $15.6 million based on foreign currency exchange rates at March 27, 2021.

Other Contingencies

We are a party to or otherwise involved in legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as various claims and legal actions involving contracts, employment claims, competitive practices, intellectual property infringement, product liability claims and other matters arising out of the conduct of our business. In the opinion of management, none of the actions, individually or in the aggregate, taking into account relevant insurance coverage, would likely have a material financial impact on the Company, and we believe the range of

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reasonably possible losses from current matters, taking into account relevant insurance coverage, is immaterial. However, legal matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, and there exists the possibility that the ultimate resolution of any of these matters could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s cash flows, financial position and results of operations in the period in which any such effects are recorded.

Our primary source of revenue is from contracts with and purchase orders from customers. In many instances, our contract with a customer is the customer’s purchase order. Upon acceptance of the purchase order, a contract exists with a customer as it indicates approval and commitment of the parties, identifies the rights of both parties, identifies the payment terms, has commercial substance, and it is probable that we will collect the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for the goods transferred to the customer.

We record estimates for cash discounts, defective and slow-moving product returns, promotional rebates, core return deposits and other discounts in the period the related product revenue is recognized (“Customer Credits”). The provision for Customer Credits is recorded as a reduction from gross sales and reserves for Customer Credits are shown as an increase of accrued customer rebates and returns. Customer Credits are estimated based on contractual provisions, historical experience, and our assessment of current market conditions. Actual Customer Credits have not differed materially from estimated amounts for each period presented. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are included in net sales. Costs associated with shipping and handling are included in cost of goods sold. We have concluded that our estimates of variable consideration are not constrained.

All our revenue was recognized under the point of time approach during the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020. We do not have significant financing arrangements with our customers, as our credit terms are all 365 days or less. Also, we do not receive noncash consideration (such as materials or equipment) from our customers to facilitate the fulfillment of our contracts.

Disaggregated Revenue

The following tables present our disaggregated net sales by type of major good / product line, and geography.

Restricted Stock Awards (“RSAs”) and Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

Vesting of RSA and RSU grants is conditional based on continued employment or service for a specified period and, in certain circumstances, the attainment of performance goals. With respect to RSA and RSU grants, we retain the shares underlying the grant, and any dividends paid thereon, until the vesting conditions have been met. For time-based RSA and RSU grants, compensation cost related to the stock is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period and is calculated using the closing price per share of our common stock on the grant date. For performance-based RSA grants tied to growth in adjusted pre-tax income, compensation cost related to the award is recognized over the performance period and is calculated using the closing price per share of our common stock on the grant date and an estimate of the probable outcome of the performance conditions at each reporting date. Since March 2020, we have granted performance-based RSU grants that vest based on our total shareholder return ranking relative to the total shareholder return of the companies comprising the S&P Mid-Cap 400 Growth Index over a three-year performance period. For performance-based RSU grants tied to total shareholder return, compensation cost related to the award is recognized on a straight-line basis over the performance period and is calculated using the simulated fair value per share of our common stock based on the application of a Monte Carlo simulation model. For the three months ended March 27, 2021, we granted 17,714 performance-based RSU awards with a grant date fair value of $131.02 per share.

Compensation cost related to RSA and RSU grants was $1.8 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, respectively, and were included in selling, general and administrative expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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The following table summarizes our RSA and RSU activity for the three months ended March 27, 2021:

As of March 27, 2021, there was $10.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSA and RSU grants that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.

Stock Options

We expense the grant-date fair value of stock options as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the vesting period for which related services are performed. The compensation cost charged against income was $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, respectively, and included as selling, general and administrative expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

We use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate the fair value of stock options granted. Expected volatility and expected dividend yield are based on the actual historical experience of our common stock. The expected life represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding and was calculated using historical option exercise data. The risk-free rate was based on a U.S. Treasury security with terms equal to the expected time of exercise as of the grant date.

The following table summarizes our stock option activity for the three months ended March 27, 2021:

As of March 27, 2021, there was $3.7 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.2 years.

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing our net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding unvested RSAs and RSUs that are considered to be contingently issuable. To calculate diluted earnings per share, common share equivalents are added to the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Common share equivalents are calculated using the treasury stock method and are computed based on outstanding stock-based awards. Stock-based awards of 9,000 shares and 91,273 shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as of March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, respectively, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

We periodically repurchase, at the then-current market price, and cancel common stock issued to the Dorman Products, Inc. 401(k) Retirement Plan and Trust (the “401(k) Plan”). 401(k) Plan participants can no longer purchase shares of Dorman common stock as an

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investment option under the 401(k) Plan. Shares are generally purchased from the 401(k) Plan when participants sell units as permitted by the 401(k) Plan or elect to leave the 401(k) Plan upon retirement, termination or other reasons. The following table summarizes the repurchase and cancellation of common stock in our 401(k) Plan:

Our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million through December 31, 2022 under a previously announced share repurchase program. Under this program, share repurchases may be made from time to time depending on market conditions, share price, share availability and other factors at our discretion. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any specific number of shares. At March 27, 2021, $203.4 million was available for repurchase under this share repurchase program. The following table summarizes the repurchase and cancellation of common stock under the share repurchase program:

At March 27, 2021, we had $1.1 million of net unrecognized tax benefits, all of which would lower our effective tax rate if recognized. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of March 27, 2021, accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were not material.

We file income tax returns in the United States, Canada, China, India, and Mexico. All years before 2017 are closed for U.S. federal tax purposes. Tax years before 2016 are closed for the states in which we file. Tax years before 2017 are closed for tax purposes in Canada. Tax years before 2017 are closed for tax purposes in China. Tax years before 2015 are closed for tax purposes in Mexico. All tax years remain open for India.

We lease our Colmar, PA facility and a portion of our Lewisberry, PA facility from entities in which Steven L. Berman, our Executive Chairman, and certain of his family members are owners. Each lease is a non-cancelable operating lease. Total rental payments to those entities under these lease arrangements will be $2.3 million in fiscal 2021 and were $1.8 million in fiscal 2020. The lease for our corporate headquarters in Colmar, PA was renewed during November 2016, effective as of January 1, 2018, and will expire on December 31, 2022. The lease for our Lewisberry, PA operating facility was signed in September 2020 and will expire on December 31, 2027. In the opinion of our Audit Committee, the terms and rates of these leases were no less favorable than those which could have been obtained from an unaffiliated party when the lease for our corporate headquarters in Colmar, PA was renewed during November 2016 and when the lease for our Lewisberry, PA operating facility was signed in September 2020.

We are a partner in a joint venture with one of our suppliers and own minority interests in two other suppliers. Each of these investments is accounted for according to the equity method.

The carrying value of financial instruments such as cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other current assets and liabilities approximate their fair value based on the short-term nature of these instruments.

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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in PART I, ITEM 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As used herein, unless the context requires otherwise, “Dorman,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refers to Dorman Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This document contains certain statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements related to the COVID-19 pandemic, net sales, diluted earnings per share, gross profit, gross margin, selling, general and administrative expenses, income tax expense, income before income taxes, net income, cash and cash equivalents, indebtedness, liquidity, the Company’s share repurchase program, the Company’s outlook and distribution facility costs and productivity initiatives. Words such as “believe,” “demonstrate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “anticipate,” “should,” “will” and “likely” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. However, the absence of these words does not mean the statements are not forward-looking. In addition, statements that are not historical should also be considered forward-looking statements.

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on those forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement was made. Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations that involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors (many of which are outside of our control) which may cause actual events to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to (i) the age, condition and number of vehicles that need servicing; (ii) competition in the automotive aftermarket industry; (iii) the loss or decrease in sales among one of our top customers; (iv) price competition; (v) limited customer shelf space; (vi) customer consolidation; (vii) widespread public health epidemics, including COVID-19; (viii) failure to maintain sufficient inventory or anticipate changes in customer demand; (ix) excess overstock inventory-related returns; (x) the inability to purchase raw materials, components and other items from our suppliers; (xi) the availability and cost of third-party transportation providers; (xii) reliance on new product development; (xiii) changes in, or restrictions on access to, automotive technology; (xiv) quality problems with our products; (xv) inability to protect our intellectual property; (xvi) claims of intellectual property infringement; (xvii) failure to maintain the value of our brands; (xviii) cyber-attacks; (xix) foreign currency fluctuations and dependence on foreign suppliers; (xx) exposure to risks related to accounts receivable; (xxi) changes in U.S. trade policy, including the imposition of tariffs; (xxii) the level of our indebtedness; (xxiii) risks related to accounts receivable sales agreements; (xxiv) the phaseout of LIBOR or the impact of the imposition of a new reference rate; (xxv) our executive chairman and his family owning a significant portion of the Company; (xxvi) unfavorable economic conditions; (xxvii) quarterly fluctuations and disruptions from events beyond our control; (xxviii) unfavorable results of legal proceedings; (xxix) volatility in the market price of our common stock and potential securities class action litigation; (xxx) losing the services of our executive officers or other highly qualified and experienced Contributors; (xxxi) the inability to identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete acquisitions or integrate acquisitions successfully; (xxxii) changes in tax laws; (xxxiii) global climate change and related regulations; (xxxiv) violations of anti-bribery laws; and (xxxv) import and export control and economic sanctions laws and regulations. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected.

See the “Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements,” PART I, ITEM 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020 for additional information regarding forward-looking statements and the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. The Company is under no obligation to, and expressly disclaims any such obligation to, update any of the information in this document, including but not limited to any situation where any forward-looking statement later turns out to be inaccurate whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis, as well as other sections in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto of Dorman Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries included in “ITEM 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains the registered and unregistered trademarks or service marks of Dorman and are the property of Dorman Products, Inc. and/or its affiliates. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also may contain additional trade names, trademarks or service marks belonging to other companies. We do not intend our use or display of other parties’ trademarks, trade names or service marks to imply, and such use or display should not be construed to imply, a relationship with or endorsement or sponsorship of us by these parties.

Overview

We are one of the leading suppliers of replacement parts and fasteners for passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy-duty trucks in the automotive aftermarket industry. As of December 26, 2020, we marketed approximately 81,000 distinct parts, many of which we designed and engineered. This number excludes private label stock keeping units and other variations in how we market, package and distribute our products, includes distinct parts of acquired companies and reflects distinct parts that have been discontinued at the end of their lifecycle. We are one of the leading aftermarket suppliers of original equipment (“OE”) “dealer exclusive” parts. Original equipment “dealer exclusive” parts are those which were traditionally available to consumers only from original equipment manufacturers or used parts from salvage yards and include, among other parts, intake manifolds, exhaust manifolds, window regulators, radiator fan assemblies, tire pressure monitor sensors, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) coolers and complex electronics modules. Fasteners include such items as oil drain plugs, wheel bolts, and wheel lug nuts. For the year ended December 26, 2020, approximately 75% of our products were sold under brands that we own, and the remainder of our products were sold for resale under customers' private labels, other brands or in bulk. Our products are sold primarily in the United States

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through automotive aftermarket retailers (such as Advance Auto Parts, Inc. (“Advance”), AutoZone, Inc. (“AutoZone”), and O'Reilly Automotive, Inc. (“O’Reilly”)), including through their online platforms; national, regional and local warehouse distributors (such as Genuine Parts Co. – NAPA (“NAPA”)); and specialty markets, and salvage yards. We also distribute automotive aftermarket parts internationally, with sales primarily into Canada and Mexico, and to a lesser extent, Europe, the Middle East, and Australia.

We operate on a fifty-two or fifty-three-week period ending on the last Saturday of the calendar year. Our 2021 fiscal year will be a fifty-two-week period that will end on December 25, 2021 (“fiscal 2021”). Our fiscal 2020 was a fifty-two-week period that ended on December 26, 2020 (“fiscal 2020”).

Impacts of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted and is expected to continue to result in significant economic disruption. Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in early 2020, state orders shutting down or restricting business operations to contain the spread of COVID-19 have generally exempted automotive repair and the related supply and distribution of parts as those businesses have generally been classified as critical, essential or life-sustaining. Therefore, the vast majority of our retail and wholesale customers have been and currently remain open for business. In turn, all of our U.S. facilities have also remained, and currently remain, open and operating, with modified staffing in certain locations where appropriate. We have taken actions to promote the welfare of our employees by enhancing safety protocols, including requiring administrative employees to work from home where applicable and implementing symptom screening, social distancing and robust sanitization practices at our facilities. We also have adopted a COVID-19 sick leave policy providing continued salary and benefits to eligible employees. We have had to adjust our operations and inventory levels as demand has fluctuated due to government-imposed restrictions being imposed and then subsequently lifted or modified across the United States.

As government-imposed restrictions vary and continue to change across the United States and elsewhere around the world, it remains difficult to determine the full impact that the pandemic will have on the overall demand environment as well as our ability to source parts and other materials to meet demand levels. Correspondingly, to the extent there may be fluctuations in demand or delays or increased costs impacting our ability to source parts and other materials, it remains difficult to determine the full impact that the pandemic will have on various aspects of our operations, including, but not limited to, inventory levels, our ability to fulfill contractual requirements and staffing at our facilities.

At the time of this filing and as we look ahead, we are unable to determine or predict the overall impact the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our customers, vendors and suppliers or our business, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources. Significant uncertainty still exists concerning the overall magnitude of the impact and the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, we will continue to closely monitor updates regarding the spread of COVID-19 and its variants and the distribution of vaccines developed to combat COVID-19, and we will adjust our operations according to guidelines from local, state and federal officials. In light of the foregoing, we may take further actions that alter our business operations or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, suppliers and shareholders.

New Product Development

New product development is an important success factor for us and traditionally has been our primary vehicle for growth. We have made incremental investments to increase our new product development efforts to grow our business and strengthen our relationships with our customers. The investments primarily have been in the form of increased product development resources, increased customer and end-user awareness programs, and customer service improvements. These investments historically have enabled us to provide an expanding array of new product offerings and grow revenues at levels that generally have exceeded market growth rates.

In the three months ended March 27, 2021, we introduced 658 new distinct parts to our customers and end-users, including 203 “New-to-the-Aftermarket” parts. We introduced 3,479 distinct parts to our customers and end-users in the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020, including 1,433 “New-to-the-Aftermarket” parts.

One area of focus has been our complex electronics program, which capitalizes on the growing number of electronic components being utilized on today’s OE platforms. New vehicles contain an average of approximately thirty-five electronic modules, with some high-end luxury vehicles containing over one hundred modules. Our complex electronics products are designed and developed in-house and tested to help ensure consistent performance, and our product portfolio is focused on further developing our leadership position in the category.

Another area of focus has been on Dorman® HD Solutions™, a line of products we market for the medium and heavy-duty truck sector of the automotive aftermarket industry. We believe that this sector provides many of the same opportunities for growth that the passenger car and light truck sector of the automotive aftermarket industry has provided us. Through Dorman® HD Solutions™, we specialize in what formerly were “dealer exclusive” parts similar to how we have approached the passenger car and light-duty truck sector. During the three months ended March 27, 2021, we introduced 29 distinct parts in this product line. We expect to continue to invest in the medium and heavy-duty product category.

Acquisitions

Our growth is also impacted by acquisitions. For example, on January 2, 2020, we acquired the remaining 60% of the outstanding stock of Power Train Industries, Inc. (“PTI”). We may acquire businesses in the future to supplement our financial growth, increase our customer base, add to our distribution capabilities or enhance our product development resources, among other reasons.

Economic Factors

The Company’s financial results are also impacted by various economic and industry factors, including, but not limited to the number, age and condition of vehicles in operation at any one time, and miles driven by those vehicles.

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Vehicles in Operation

The Company’s products are primarily purchased and installed on a subsegment of the passenger and light duty vehicles in operation in the United States (“VIO”), specifically weighted towards vehicles aged 8 to 13 years old. Each year, the United States seasonally adjusted annual rate (“US SAAR”) of new vehicles purchased adds a new year to the VIO. According to data from the Auto Care Association (“Auto Care”), the US SAAR experienced a decline from 2008 to 2011 as consumers purchased fewer new vehicles as a result of the Great Recession of 2008. We believe that the declining US SAAR during that period resulted in a follow-on decline in our primary VIO subsegment (8 to 13-year-old vehicles) commencing in 2016. However, following 2011 and the impact of the Great Recession of 2008, U.S. consumers began to increase their purchases of new vehicles which over time caused the US SAAR to recover and return to more historical levels. Consequently, subject to any potential impacts from COVID-19, we expect the VIO for vehicles aged 8 to 13 years old to continue to recover over the next several years.

In addition, we believe that vehicle owners generally are operating their current vehicles longer than they did several years ago, performing necessary repairs and maintenance to keep those vehicles well maintained. We believe this trend has resulted in an increase in VIO. According to data published by Polk, a division of IHS Automotive, the average age of VIO increased to 12.0 years as of October 2020 from 11.9 years as of October 2019 despite increasing new car sales. Additionally, while the number of VIO in the United States decreased 4% in 2020 to 279.8 million from 290.0 million in 2019, the number of VIO that are 11 years old or older increased from 57% in 2019 to 60% in 2020. Vehicle scrappage rates have also decreased over the last several years.

Miles Driven

The COVID-19 pandemic in general, as well as restrictions imposed by certain states in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, are adversely impacting work-related and personal travel. In fact, according the U.S. Department of Transportation, the number of miles driven through October 2020 has decreased 13.9% year over year due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe that demand for our products is negatively impacted by the decrease to miles driven, resulting in a reduction in vehicle maintenance and reduced demand for our parts.

As a result, while, prior to COVID-19, we might have expected to see additional sales growth due to the VIO and mileage trends referenced above, the impact of COVID-19 may adversely affect our sales growth potential and our future results.

Brand Protection

We operate in a highly competitive market. As a result, we are continuously evaluating our approach to brand, pricing and terms to our different customers and channels. For example, in the third quarter of 2019, we modified our brand protection policy, which is designed to ensure that certain products bearing the Dorman name are not advertised below certain approved pricing levels.

Discounts, Allowances and Incentives

We offer a variety of customer discounts, rebates, defective and slowing moving product returns and other incentives. We may offer cash discounts for paying invoices in accordance with the specified discount terms of the invoice. In addition, we may offer pricing discounts based on volume purchased from us or other pricing discounts related to programs under a customer’s agreement. These discounts can be in the form of “off-invoice” discounts and are immediately deducted from sales at the time of sale. For those customers that choose to receive a payment on a quarterly or annual basis instead of “off-invoice,” we accrue for such payments as the related sales are made and reduce sales accordingly. Finally, rebates and discounts are provided to customers to support promotional activities such as advertising and sales force allowances.

Our customers, particularly our larger retail customers, regularly seek more favorable pricing and product return provisions and extended payment terms when negotiating with us. We attempt to avoid or minimize these concessions as much as possible, but we have granted pricing concessions, indemnification rights, extended customer payment terms, and allowed a higher level of product returns in certain cases. These concessions impact net sales as well as our profit levels and may require additional capital to finance the business. We expect our customers to continue to exert pressure on our margins.

New Customer Acquisition Costs

New customer acquisition costs refer to arrangements under which we incur change-over costs to induce a customer to switch from a competitor’s brand. Change-over costs include the costs related to removing the new customer’s existing inventory (purchased from their previous supplier) and replacing it with Dorman inventory, which is commonly referred to as a stock-lift. New customer acquisition costs are recorded as a reduction to revenue when incurred.

Product Warranty and Overstock Returns

Many of our products carry a lifetime limited warranty, which generally covers defects in materials or workmanship and failure to meet specifications. In addition to warranty returns, we also may permit our customers to return new, undamaged products to us within customer-specific limits if they have overstocked their inventories. At the time products are sold, we accrue a liability for product warranties and overstock returns as a percentage of sales based upon estimates established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of the claim and the probability of the customer return. Significant judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the sales returns and other allowances in any accounting period. Revision to these estimates is made when necessary, based upon changes in these factors. We regularly study trends of such claims.

Foreign Currency

Our products are purchased from suppliers in the United States and a variety of non-U.S. countries. The products generally are purchased through purchase orders with the purchase price specified in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, we generally do not have exposure to fluctuations in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and various foreign currencies between the time of execution of the purchase order and payment for the

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product. To the extent that the U.S. dollar changes in value relative to foreign currencies in the future, the price of the product for new purchase orders may change in equivalent U.S. dollars.

The largest portion of our overseas purchases comes from China. The Chinese yuan to U.S. dollar exchange rate has fluctuated over the past several years. Any future changes in the value of the Chinese yuan relative to the U.S. dollar may result in a change in the cost of products that we purchase from China. However, the cost of the products we procure is also affected by other factors including raw material availability, labor cost, and transportation costs.

Impact of Inflation

The overall impact of inflation has not historically resulted in a significant change in labor costs or the cost of general services utilized.

The cost of many commodities that are used in our products has fluctuated over time resulting in increases and decreases in the cost of our products. In addition, we have periodically experienced increased transportation costs as a result of higher fuel prices, capacity constraints and other factors. We attempt to offset cost increases by passing along selling price increases to customers and using alternative suppliers. However, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in these efforts.

Impact of Tariffs

In the third quarter of 2018, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) began imposing additional tariffs on products imported from China, including many of our products, ranging from 7.5% to 25%. The tariffs enacted to date increase the cost of many of our products that are manufactured for us in China. We have taken several actions to mitigate the impact of the tariffs including, but not limited to, price increases to our customers and cost concessions from our suppliers. We expect to continue mitigating the impact of tariffs in fiscal 2021 primarily through selling price increases to offset the higher tariffs incurred. Tariffs are not expected to have a material impact on our net income but are expected to increase net sales and lower our gross and operating profit margins to the extent that these additional costs are passed through to customers.

In January 2020, the USTR granted temporary tariff relief for certain categories of products being imported from China. However, the tariff relief granted by the USTR expired on most categories of products being imported from China at the end of 2020 and has generally not been extended. We expect that we will reverse tariff-related price increases previously passed along to our customers and cost concessions previously received from our suppliers as such tariffs are reduced or such other relief is granted.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage of net sales represented by certain items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

* Percentage of sales information may not add due to rounding

Three Months Ended March 27, 2021 Compared to Three Months Ended March 28, 2020

Net sales increased 12% to $288.0 million for the three months ended March 27, 2021 from $257.7 million for the three months ended March 28, 2020. The increase in net sales was all organic and driven by robust customer demand.

Gross profit margin was 36.3% of net sales for the three months ended March 27, 2021 compared to 32.9% of net sales for the three months ended March 28, 2020. Gross margin expansion was driven by increased efficiencies as part of the Company’s ongoing efforts to streamline its end-to-end supply chain processes. Additionally, the Company benefitted from the absence of increased customer provisions that impacted gross margin in the three months ended March 28, 2020. These benefits were partially offset by increased freight costs due to global transportation and logistics constraints.

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $62.9 million, or 21.8% of net sales, for the three months ended March 27, 2021 compared to $59.7 million, or 23.2% of net sales, for the three months ended March 28, 2020. Approximately 170 basis points of the decrease in SG&A as a percentage of net sales was due to improved leverage from the $30 million increase in net sales in the three months ended March 27, 2021 as compared to the three months ended March 28, 2020. Additionally, the Company drove increased operational efficiencies, which were partially offset by increased wage and benefit inflation as compared to the prior year quarter.

Our effective tax rate was 21.3% for the three months ended March 27, 2021 compared to 17.8% for the three months ended March 28, 2020. The lower effective tax rate for the three months ended March 28, 2020 was the result of a tax benefit related to the write-off of a deferred tax liability associated with PTI upon our acquisition of the controlling interest in January 2020, and a foreign tax credit carry-back claim.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Historically, our primary sources of liquidity have been our invested cash and the cash flow we generate from our operations, including accounts receivable sales programs provided by our customers. Cash and cash equivalents at March 27, 2021 increased to $166.6 million from $155.6 million at December 26, 2020. The increase primarily related to cash provided from operating activities. Working capital was $631.2 million at March 27, 2021 compared to $600.3 million at December 26, 2020. Based on our current operating plan, we believe that our sources of available capital are adequate to meet our ongoing cash needs for at least the next twelve months. However, our liquidity could be negatively affected by extending payment terms to customers, a decrease in demand for our products, the outcome of contingencies or other factors, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Tariffs

Tariffs increase our uses of cash since we pay for the tariffs upon the arrival of our goods in the United States but collect the cash on any passthrough price increases from our customers on a delayed basis according to the payment terms negotiated with our customers.

Payment Terms and Accounts Receivable Sales Programs

Over the past several years we have continued to extend payment terms to certain customers as a result of customer requests and market demands. These extended terms have resulted in increased accounts receivable levels and significant uses of cash flows. We participate in accounts receivable sales programs with several customers that allow us to sell our accounts receivable to financial institutions to offset the negative cash flow impact of these payment terms extensions. However, any sales of accounts receivable through these programs ultimately result in us receiving a lesser amount of cash upfront than if we collected those accounts receivable ourselves in due course. Moreover, to the extent that any of these accounts receivable sales programs bear interest rates tied to the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), as LIBOR rates increase our cost to sell our receivables also increases. See ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk for more information. Further extensions of customer payment terms would result in additional uses of cash flow or increased costs associated with the sales of accounts receivable.

During the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, we sold $209.9 million and $151.3 million of accounts receivable, respectively, under these programs. If receivables had not been sold over the previous twelve months, approximately $511 million and $505 million of additional accounts receivable would have been outstanding at March 27, 2021 and December 26, 2020, respectively, based on our standard payment terms. We have capacity to sell increased levels of accounts receivable under our available programs if liquidity needs arise, whether due to continued impacts of COVID-19 or other factors.

Credit Agreement

We have a credit agreement, expiring in December 2022, that provides for a revolving credit facility of $100.0 million and, subject to certain requirements, gives us the ability to request increases in revolving credit commitments of up to an additional $100.0 million. Borrowings under the credit agreement are on an unsecured basis. At the Company’s election, the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the credit agreement will be either (1) the Prime Rate as announced by Wells Fargo from time to time, (2) an Adjusted LIBOR Market Index Rate as measured by the LIBOR Market Index Rate plus the Applicable Margin which fluctuates between 65 basis points and 125 basis points based on the ratio of the Company’s Consolidated Funded Debt to Consolidated EBITDA, or (3) an Adjusted LIBOR Rate as measured by the LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable Margin which fluctuates between 65 basis points and 125 basis points based on the ratio of the Company’s Consolidated Funded Debt to Consolidated EBITDA. The interest rate at March 27, 2021 was LIBOR plus 65 basis points (0.76%). During the occurrence and continuance of an event of default, all outstanding revolving credit loans will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 2.00% in excess of the greater of (1) the Prime Rate or (2) the Adjusted LIBOR Market Index Rate then applicable. The credit agreement also contains covenants, including those related to the ratio of certain consolidated fixed charges to consolidated EBITDA, capital expenditures, and share repurchases, each as defined by the credit agreement. As of March 27, 2021, we were not in default in respect to the credit agreement. The credit agreement also requires us to pay a fee of 0.10% on the average daily unused portion of the facility, provided the fee will not be charged on the first $30 million of the revolving credit facility. As of March 27, 2021, there were no borrowings under the credit agreement and two outstanding letters of credit for $0.8 million in the aggregate which were issued to secure ordinary course of business transactions. Net of these letters of credit, we had $99.2 million available under the credit agreement at March 27, 2021.

Cash Flows

The following summarizes the activities included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

 During the three months ended March 27, 2021, cash provided by operating activities was $21.0 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of $18.6 million during the three months ended March 28, 2020. The $2.4 million increase was driven by an increase in net income of $9.9 million, higher proceeds from accounts receivable mostly attributable to higher factoring, and lower outflows from accounts payable and accrued liabilities, due to the timing of payments, partially offset by higher inventory to maintain customer fill rates during the three months ended March 27, 2021.

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Investing activities used cash of $6.2 million and $18.0 million during the three months ended March 27, 2021 and March 28, 2020, respectively. During the three months ended March 28, 2020 we used $18.1 million to acquire the remaining 60% of the outstanding equity of PTI, net of $3.5 million of cash acquired.

Financing activities used $3.8 million of cash during the three months ended March 27, 2021, compared to $92.8 million of cash provided during the three months ended March 28, 2020.

During the three months ended March 27, 2021, we paid $3.0 million to repurchase 36,000 common shares under our share repurchase plan. During the three months ended March 28, 2020, we paid $5.5 million to repurchase 91,979 common shares under the share repurchase plan.

During the three months ended March 28, 2020, we drew down $99.0 million on our revolving credit facility, which was later repaid during the third quarter of 2020.

The remaining uses of cash from financing activities in each period result primarily from the repurchase of our common stock from our 401(k) Plan.

During the three months ended March 27, 2021, we experienced no material changes to our contractual obligations as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 26, 2020.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates. All our available credit and accounts receivable sales programs bear interest at rates tied to LIBOR. Under the terms of our credit agreement and customer-sponsored programs to sell accounts receivable, a change in either the lender’s base rate, LIBOR or discount rates under the accounts receivable sale programs would affect the rate at which we could borrow funds thereunder. A one-percentage-point increase in the discount rates under the accounts receivable sales programs would increase our interest expense on our variable rate debt, if any, and our financing costs associated with our sales of accounts receivable by approximately $5 million annually. This estimate assumes that our variable rate debt balance and the level of sales of accounts receivable remains constant for an annual period and the interest rate change occurs at the beginning of the period. The hypothetical changes and assumptions may be different from what occurs in the future.

Historically we have not used, and currently do not intend to use, derivative financial instruments for trading or to speculate on changes in interest rates or commodity prices. We are not exposed to any significant market risks, foreign currency exchange risks, or interest rate risks from the use of derivative instruments.

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation, as of the end of the period covered by this report, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e), were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act), that occurred during the quarter ended March 27, 2021, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

Control systems, no matter how well conceived and operated, are designed to provide a reasonable, but not an absolute, level of assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. The Company conducts periodic evaluations of its internal controls to enhance, where necessary, its procedures and controls.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

The information set forth under Note 5, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in PART I, ITEM 1 of this report is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from the risks previously reported in PART 1, ITEM 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 26, 2020. You should carefully consider the factors discussed in PART I, ITEM 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 26, 2020, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

During the three months ended March 27, 2021, we purchased shares of our common stock as follows:

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable

ITEM 5. Other Information

None

ITEM 6. Exhibits

The Exhibits included in this report are listed in the Exhibit Index on page 22, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

*Filed herewith

**Furnished herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Dorman Products, Inc.

April 26, 2021

 April 26, 2021

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