Drive Shack Inc. - Annual Report: 2005 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
x |
ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
|
For
the
fiscal year ended December
31, 2005
or
o |
TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
|
For
the
transition period from ________________________ to
________________________
Commission
File Number: 001-31458
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland
|
81-0559116
|
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
|
|
or
organization)
|
1345
Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY
|
10105
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: (212) 798-6100
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:
Title
of each class:
|
Name
of exchange on which registered:
|
|
Common
Stock, $0.01 par value per share
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
|
9.75%
Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per
share
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
|
8.05%
Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per
share
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act. xYes o
No
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. o
Yes xNo
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. xYes oNo
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
form 10-K o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated
filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
One):
Large
Accelerated Filer x Accelerated
Filer o Non-accelerated
Filer o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). (Check One): o Yes
xNo
The
aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates as
of
June 30, 2005 (computed based on the closing price on such date as reported
on
the NYSE) was: $1,231.1 million.
Indicate
the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common
stock, as of the last practicable date.
Common
stock, $0.01 par value per share: 43,967,409 outstanding as of March 6,
2006.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
1.
|
Portions
of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the Registrant’s 2006
annual meeting, to be filed within 120 days after the close of the
Registrant’s fiscal year, are incorporated by reference into Part III of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
|
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP.
FORM
10-K
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-i-
Overview
Newcastle
Investment Corp. (“Newcastle”) is a real estate investment and finance company.
We invest in real estate securities, loans and other real estate related assets.
We seek to deliver stable dividends and attractive risk-adjusted returns to
our
stockholders through prudent asset selection, active management and the use
of
match funded financing structures, which reduce our interest rate and financing
risks. We make money by optimizing our “net spread,” the difference between the
yield on our investments and the cost of financing these investments. We
emphasize asset quality, diversification, match funded financing and credit
risk
management.
Our
investment activities cover four distinct categories:
1)
|
Real
Estate Securities:
|
We
underwrite and acquire a diversified portfolio of moderately credit
sensitive real estate securities, including commercial mortgage backed
securities (CMBS), senior unsecured REIT debt issued by property
REITs,
real estate related asset backed securities (ABS) and agency residential
mortgage backed securities (RMBS). We generally target investments
rated A
through BB, except for our agency RMBS which are generally considered
AAA
rated. As of December 31, 2005, our investments in real estate securities
represented 80% of our assets.
|
2)
|
Real
Estate Related Loans:
|
We
acquire and originate loans to well capitalized real estate owners
with
strong track records and compelling business plans, including B-notes,
mezzanine loans, bank loans, and real estate loans. As of December
31,
2005, our investments in real estate related loans represented 9%
of our
assets.
|
3)
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans:
|
We
acquire residential mortgage loans, including manufactured housing
loans
and subprime residential loans, that we believe will produce attractive
risk-adjusted returns. As of December 31, 2005, our investments in
residential mortgage loans represented 10% of our assets. In addition,
we
acquired a $1.5 billion portfolio of subprime residential loans subsequent
to year end, as described in “Our Investing Activities- Residential
Mortgage Loans” below.
|
4)
|
Operating
Real Estate:
|
We
acquire direct and indirect interests in operating real estate. As
of
December 31, 2005, our investments in operating real estate represented
1%
of our assets.
|
In
addition, Newcastle had uninvested cash and other miscellaneous net assets
which
represented less than 1% of our assets at December 31, 2005.
Underpinning
our investment activities is a disciplined approach to acquiring, financing
and
actively managing our assets. Our principal objective is to acquire a highly
diversified portfolio of debt investments secured by real estate that has
moderate credit risk and sufficient liquidity. Newcastle primarily utilizes
a
match funded financing strategy in order to minimize refinancing and interest
rate risks. This means that we seek both to match the maturities of our debt
obligations with the maturities of our investments, in order to minimize the
risk that we have to refinance our liabilities prior to the maturities of our
assets, and to match the interest rates on our investments with like-kind debt
(i.e. floating or fixed), in order to reduce the impact of changing interest
rates on our earnings. Finally, we actively manage credit exposure through
portfolio diversification and ongoing asset selection and surveillance.
Newcastle, through its manager, has a dedicated team of senior investment
professionals experienced in real estate capital markets, structured finance
and
asset management. We believe that these critical skills position us well not
only to make prudent investment decisions but also to monitor and manage the
credit profile of our investments.
Newcastle’s
stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “NCT”. Newcastle
is a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes and is
externally managed and advised by its manager, Fortress Investment Group LLC.
Fortress is a global alternative investment and asset management firm with
approximately $19 billion of capital under management as of March 6, 2006.
Fortress was founded in 1998 and today employs over 400 people. We believe
that
our manager’s expertise and significant business relationships with participants
in the fixed income, structured finance and real estate industries has enhanced
our access to investment opportunities which may not be broadly marketed. For
its services, our manager receives a management fee and incentive compensation
pursuant to a management agreement. Our manager, through its affiliates, and
its
principals owned 2.9 million shares of our common stock and had options to
purchase an additional 1.2 million shares of our common stock, which were issued
in connection with our equity offerings, representing approximately 9.1% of
our
common stock on a fully diluted basis, as of March 6, 2006.
-1-
Our
Strategy
Newcastle’s
investment strategy focuses predominantly on debt investments secured by real
estate. We do not have specific policies as to the allocation among type of
real
estate related assets or investment categories since our investment decisions
depend on changing market conditions. Instead, we focus on relative value and
in-depth risk/reward analysis with an emphasis on asset quality, liquidity
and
diversification. Our focus on relative value means that assets which may be
unattractive under particular market conditions may, if priced appropriately
to
compensate for risks such as projected defaults and prepayments, become
attractive relative to other available investments. We utilize a match funded
financing strategy and active credit risk management to optimize our returns.
Our
investment portfolio had the following characteristics (dollars in
thousands):
Total
Portfolio (1)
|
Core
Investment Portfolio (2)
|
||||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||
Face
amount
|
$
|
6,111,464
|
$
|
4,493,274
|
$
|
5,413,142
|
$
|
4,294,092
|
|||||
Percentage
of total assets
|
99
|
%
|
91
|
%
|
87
|
%
|
87
|
%
|
|||||
Weighted
average asset yield
|
6.59
|
%
|
5.91
|
%
|
6.85
|
%
|
5.98
|
%
|
|||||
Weighted
average liability cost
|
5.12
|
%
|
4.15
|
%
|
5.22
|
%
|
4.17
|
%
|
|||||
Weighted
average net spread
|
1.47
|
%
|
1.76
|
%
|
1.63
|
%
|
1.81
|
%
|
|||||
(1) |
Excluding
the ICH loans, as described
below.
|
(2)
|
Excluding
the ICH loans and Agency RMBS, as described
below.
|
Asset
Quality and Diversification
As
of
December 31, 2005, our core investment portfolio (as defined above) had an
overall weighted average credit rating of approximately BB+, and approximately
67% had an investment grade rating (BBB- or higher).
At
December 31, 2005, our residential mortgage loan portfolio was characterized
by
high credit quality borrowers with a weighted average Fair Isaac & Co.
Credit (“FICO”) score of 712 at origination. As of December 31, 2005,
approximately $282.6 million face amount of our residential mortgage loans
were
held in securitized form, of which over 90% of the principal balance was AAA
rated.
Our
real
estate securities and loan portfolios are diversified by asset type, industry,
location and issuer. At December 31, 2005, our core investment portfolio (as
defined above) had 534 real estate securities and loans. The largest investment
in our core investment portfolio was $138.8 million and its average investment
size was $9.0 million at December 31, 2005. The weighted average credit spread
on this portfolio (i.e. the yield premium on our investments over the comparable
U.S. Treasury rate or LIBOR) was 2.61% as of December 31, 2005. Furthermore,
our
real estate securities are supported by pools of underlying loans. For instance,
our CMBS investments had over 21,000 underlying loans at December 31, 2005.
Our
residential and manufactured housing loans were well diversified with 919 loans
and 7,067 loans, respectively, at December 31, 2005. We expect that this
diversification will help to minimize the risk of capital loss, and will also
enhance the terms of our financing structures.
Financing
Strategy and Match Funded Discipline
We
employ
leverage in order to achieve our return objectives. We do not have a
predetermined target debt to equity ratio as we believe the appropriate leverage
for the particular assets we are financing depends on the credit quality of
those assets. As of December 31, 2005, our debt to equity ratio was
approximately 5.7 to 1. We maintain access to a broad array of capital resources
in an effort to insulate our business from potential fluctuations in the
availability of capital. We utilize multiple forms of financing including
collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), which represent 68% of our debt
obligations, other securitizations, and term loans, as well as short term
financing in the form of repurchase agreements and our credit facility. Our
manager may elect for us to bear a level of refinancing risk on a short term
or
longer term basis, such as is the case with investments financed with repurchase
agreements, when based on all of the relevant factors, bearing such risk is
advisable. As of December 31, 2005, approximately 20% of our debt obligations
were in the form of repurchase agreements. We utilize leverage for the sole
purpose of financing our portfolio and not for the purpose of speculating on
changes in interest rates.
We
attempt to reduce interim refinancing risk and to minimize exposure to interest
rate fluctuations through the use of match funded financing structures whereby
we seek (i) to match the maturities of our debt obligations with the maturities
of our assets and (ii) to match the interest rates on our investments with
like-kind debt (i.e.,
floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt and fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt), directly or through the use of interest
rate
swaps, caps or other financial instruments, or through a combination of these
strategies. This
allows us to minimize the risk that we have to refinance our liabilities prior
to the maturities of our assets and to reduce the impact of changing interest
rates on our earnings. Our entire portfolio of assets and related liabilities
had weighted average lives of 5.10 years and 4.59 years, respectively, as of
December 31, 2005. In addition, as of December 31, 2005, a 100 basis point
increase in short term interest rates would decrease our earnings by
approximately $0.2 million per annum.
-2-
Credit
Risk Management
Credit
risk refers to each individual borrower’s ability to make required interest and
principal payments on the scheduled due dates. We believe, based on our due
diligence process, that our investments offer attractive risk-adjusted returns
with long term principal protection under a variety of default and loss
scenarios. We minimize credit risk by actively monitoring our investments and
their underlying credit quality and, where appropriate, repositioning our
investments to upgrade their credit quality and yield. A significant portion
of
our investments are financed with collateralized bond obligations, known as
CBOs. Our CBO financings offer us structural flexibility to buy and sell certain
investments to manage risk and, subject to certain limitations, to optimize
returns.
Further,
the expected yield on our real estate securities, which comprise a significant
portion of our assets, is sensitive to the performance of the underlying loans,
the first risk of default and loss is borne by the more subordinated securities
or other features of the securitization transaction, in the case of commercial
mortgage and asset backed securities, and the issuer’s underlying equity and
subordinated debt, in the case of senior unsecured REIT debt
securities.
Formation
We
were
formed in June 2002 as a subsidiary of Newcastle Investment Holdings Corp.
Prior
to our initial public offering, Newcastle Investment Holdings contributed to
us
certain assets and related liabilities in exchange for approximately 16.5
million shares of our common stock. For accounting purposes, this transaction
is
presented as a reverse spin-off, whereby Newcastle Investment Corp. is treated
as the continuing entity and the assets that were retained by Newcastle
Investment Holdings and not contributed to us are accounted for as if they
were
distributed at their historical book basis through a spin-off to Newcastle
Investment Holdings. Our operations commenced in July 2002. In May 2003,
Newcastle Investment Holdings distributed to its stockholders all of the shares
of our common stock that it owned, and it no longer owns any of our equity.
The
following table presents information on shares of our common stock issued since
our formation:
Year
|
Shares
Issued
|
Range
of Issue
Prices
(1)
|
Net
Proceeds
(millions)
|
|||||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
$
|
13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
|||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
$
|
20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
|||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
$
|
26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
|||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
$
|
29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
|||||
December
31, 2005
|
43,913,409
|
|||||||||
(1) |
Excludes
prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and
shares
issued to Newcastle's independent
directors.
|
-3-
Our
Investing Activities
Information
regarding our business segments is provided in “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Note 3 to our
consolidated financial statements which appear in “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
The
following is a description of our investments as of December 31,
2005.
Real
Estate Securities
We
own a
diversified portfolio of moderately credit sensitive real estate securities,
which was comprised of the following at December 31, 2005 (dollars in
thousands):
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset
Type
|
Current
Face Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Number
of
Securities
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
Coupon
|
Yield
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
|||||||||||||||
CMBS-Conduit
|
$
|
1,455,345
|
$
|
1,397,329
|
197
|
BBB-
|
5.84
|
%
|
6.61
|
%
|
7.87
|
|||||||||||
CMBS-Large
Loan
|
578,331
|
584,163
|
61
|
BBB-
|
6.64
|
%
|
6.75
|
%
|
2.10
|
|||||||||||||
CMBS-B
Note
|
180,201
|
180,631
|
32
|
BBB-
|
6.62
|
%
|
6.95
|
%
|
5.97
|
|||||||||||||
Unsecured
REIT Debt
|
916,262
|
942,746
|
99
|
BBB-
|
6.34
|
%
|
5.96
|
%
|
6.95
|
|||||||||||||
ABS-Manufactured
Housing
|
178,915
|
163,066
|
10
|
A-
|
7.12
|
%
|
8.65
|
%
|
6.64
|
|||||||||||||
ABS-Home
Equity
|
525,004
|
524,477
|
89
|
B
|
6.03
|
%
|
6.10
|
%
|
3.16
|
|||||||||||||
ABS-Franchise
|
70,837
|
69,622
|
18
|
BBB+
|
6.66
|
%
|
8.12
|
%
|
5.14
|
|||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
698,322
|
692,485
|
19
|
AAA
|
4.76
|
%
|
4.67
|
%
|
4.90
|
|||||||||||||
Total/Average
|
$
|
4,603,217
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
525
|
BBB+
|
5.99
|
%
|
6.25
|
%
|
5.81
|
The
loans underlying our real estate securities were diversified by industry
as
follows at December 31, 2005:
Industry
|
%
of Face
Amount
|
|||
Residential
|
40.42
|
%
|
||
Retail
|
21.03
|
%
|
||
Office
|
18.73
|
%
|
||
Lodging
|
5.70
|
%
|
||
Health
Care
|
4.73
|
%
|
||
Industrial
|
3.63
|
%
|
||
Other
|
5.76
|
%
|
We
enter
into short term warehouse agreements pursuant to which we make deposits with
major investment banks for the right to purchase commercial mortgage backed
securities, unsecured REIT debt, real estate loans and real estate related
asset
backed securities for our real estate securities portfolios, prior to their
being financed with CBOs. These agreements are treated as non-hedge derivatives
for accounting purposes and are therefore marked to market through current
income. The cost to us if the related CBO is not consummated is limited, except
where the non-consummation results from our gross negligence, willful misconduct
or breach of contract, to payment of the Net Loss, if any, as defined, up to
the
related deposit, less any Excess Carry Amount, as defined, earned on such
deposit. The income recorded on these agreements was approximately $2.4 million,
$3.1 million, and $3.6 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003,
respectively.
-4-
Real
Estate Related Loans
We
directly owned the following real estate related loans at December 31, 2005
(dollars in thousands):
Loan
Type
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Loan
Count
|
Weighted
Avg. Yield
|
Weighted
Avg.
Maturity
(Years)
|
|||||||||||
B-Notes
|
$
|
72,173
|
$
|
72,520
|
13
|
8.46
|
%
|
2.40
|
||||||||
Mezzanine
Loans (1)
|
302,740
|
302,816
|
8
|
8.44
|
%
|
1.94
|
||||||||||
Bank
Loans
|
56,274
|
56,563
|
3
|
6.58
|
%
|
2.51
|
||||||||||
Real
Estate Loans
|
23,082
|
22,364
|
1
|
20.02
|
%
|
2.00
|
||||||||||
ICH
Loans (2)
|
165,514
|
161,288
|
96
|
8.64
|
%
|
1.55
|
||||||||||
Total
|
$
|
619,783
|
$
|
615,551
|
121
|
8.74
|
%
|
1.94
|
||||||||
(1)
|
One
of these loans has a contractual exit fee which Newcastle will begin
to
accrue if and when management believes it is probable that such exit
fee
will be received.
|
(2)
|
In
October 2003, pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board
Interpretation No. 46 “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” we
consolidated an entity that holds a portfolio of commercial mortgage
loans
which has been securitized. This investment, which we refer to as
ICH, was
previously treated as a non-consolidated residual interest in such
securitization. The primary effect of the consolidation is the requirement
that we reflect the gross loan assets and gross bonds payable of
this
entity on our balance sheet, as well as the related gross interest
income
and expense in our statement of
income.
|
We
also
indirectly owned the following interests in real estate related loans at
December 31, 2005:
In
November 2003, we co-invested, on equal terms, in a joint venture alongside
an
affiliate of our manager which acquired a pool of franchise loans collateralized
by fee and leasehold interests and other assets. We, and our manager’s
affiliate, each own an approximately 38% interest in the joint venture. The
remaining approximately 24% interest is owned by a third party financial
institution. Our investment totaled $17.8 million at December 31, 2005 and
is
reflected as an investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on our consolidated
balance sheet.
Our
relative interest in these franchise loans is summarized as follows (dollars
in
thousands):
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Loan
Count
|
Weighted
Avg. Yield
|
|||||||
$
28,974
|
$
|
17,802
|
91
|
16.08
|
%
|
We
have
entered into arrangements with a major investment bank to finance certain loans
whereby we receive the sum of all interest, fees and any positive change in
value amounts (the total return cash flows) from a reference asset with a
specified notional amount, and pay interest on such notional plus any negative
change in value amounts from such asset. These agreements are recorded in
Derivative Assets and treated as non-hedge derivatives for accounting purposes
and are therefore mark to market through income. Net interest received is
recorded to Interest Income and the mark to market is recorded to Other Income.
If we owned the reference assets directly, they would not be marked to market.
Under the agreements, we are required to post an initial margin deposit to
an
interest bearing account and additional margin may be payable in the event
of a
decline in value of the reference asset. Any margin on deposit, less any
negative change in value amounts, will be returned to us upon termination of
the
contract. The following table presents information on these instruments as
of
December 31, 2005.
Reference
Asset
|
Notional
Amount
|
Margin
Amount
|
Receive
Interest
Rate
|
Pay
Interest
Rate
|
Maturity
Date
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||||||
Term
loan to a retail mall
REIT
|
$
|
106,083
|
$
|
18,149
|
LIBOR
+ 2.000%
|
|
LIBOR
+ 0.500%
|
|
Nov
2008
|
$
|
1,008
|
||||||||
Term
loan to a diversified real estate
and finance company
|
97,997
|
19,599
|
LIBOR
+ 3.000%
|
|
LIBOR
+ 0.625%
|
|
Feb
2008
|
877
|
|||||||||||
Mezzanine
loan to a hotel company
|
15,000
|
5,224
|
LIBOR
+4.985%
|
|
LIBOR
+ 1.350%
|
|
Jun
2007
|
101
|
|||||||||||
Term
loan to a diversified real estate
company
|
94,954
|
9,495
|
LIBOR
+1.750%
|
|
LIBOR
+ 0.500%
|
|
Aug
2007
|
904
|
|||||||||||
Term
loan to a retail company
|
100,000
|
19,960
|
LIBOR
+3.000%
|
|
LIBOR
+ 0.500%
|
|
Dec
2008
|
206
|
|||||||||||
$
|
414,034
|
$
|
72,427
|
$
|
3,096
|
-5-
Residential
Mortgage Loans
We
own
portfolios of floating rate residential mortgage loans and manufactured housing
loans on properties located in the U.S. The following table sets forth certain
information with respect to our residential mortgage loan portfolios at December
31, 2005 (dollars in thousands):
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Loan
Count
|
Weighted
Avg.
Yield
|
Weighted
Avg.
Maturity
(Years) (1)
|
||||||||||||
Residential
loans
|
$
|
326,100
|
$
|
333,226
|
919
|
4.79
|
%
|
2.73
|
||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans
|
284,870
|
267,456
|
7,067
|
7.84
|
%
|
5.78
|
||||||||||
Total
|
$
|
610,970
|
$
|
600,682
|
7,986
|
6.15
|
%
|
4.15
|
||||||||
(1) |
Weighted
average maturity was calculated based on a constant prepayment
rate (CPR)
of approximately 30% for residential loans and 10% for manufactured
housing loans.
|
In
March
2006, a consolidated subsidiary of ours acquired a portfolio of approximately
11,300 subprime residential mortgage loans for $1.50 billion. The loans,
substantially all of which were current at the time of acquisition, are 66%
floating rate and 34% fixed rate. Their weighted average coupon is 7.6% and
the
loans have a weighted average remaining term of 345 months. This acquisition
was
initially funded with an approximately $1.47 billion repurchase agreement which
bears interest at LIBOR + 0.50%. We have entered into an interest rate swap
in
order to hedge our exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates
with
respect to this debt. We expect to finance this investment on a long term basis
through the securitization markets in upcoming months.
-6-
Operating
Real Estate
We
own
operating real estate located in Canada which is subject, in addition to all
risks inherent in real estate investments generally, to fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements,
political and economic instability in certain geographic locations, difficulties
in managing international operations, potentially adverse tax consequences,
enhanced accounting and control expenses and the burden of complying with a
wide
variety of foreign laws. A change in foreign currency exchange rates may
adversely impact returns on our non-dollar denominated investments. Our only
currency exposures are to the Canadian Dollar. Changes in the currency rates
can
adversely impact the fair values and earnings streams of our international
holdings. We generally do not directly hedge our foreign currency risk through
the use of derivatives, due to, among other things, REIT qualification
issues.
Bell
Canada Portfolio. At
December 31, 2005, we owned one office property which was leased primarily
to
Bell Canada.
The
following table sets forth certain information with respect to the operating
real estate as of December 31, 2005
(dollars,
others than per square foot amounts, in thousands):
Property
Address
|
City
/ Submarket
|
State/
Province
|
Net
Rentable
Sq
Ft
|
Year
Built/ Renovated
|
Use
|
||||||||||||||||||||
100
Dundas St.
|
London
(Central
business
district)
|
ON
|
323,411
|
1980
|
Office
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tenant
|
%
of Total Sq Ft Leased
|
Tenant
Net Rentable Sq Ft
|
Lease
Start
Date
|
Lease
End
Date
|
Annual
Rent
(1)
(2)
|
Current
Rent per Sq Ft (1)
|
Annual
Real Estate Taxes (1)
|
Tenant
Credit Rating
|
|||||||||||||||||
Bell
Canada - Office
|
89.89
|
%
|
290,706
|
03/26/98
|
3/31/06
(4
|
)
|
$
|
1,751
|
$
|
6.02
|
$
|
1,146
|
A
|
||||||||||||
Bell
Canada - Storage
|
3.99
|
%
|
12,890
|
03/26/98
|
03/31/06
|
55
|
4.30
|
A
|
|||||||||||||||||
Bell
Canada - Communication
|
0.52
|
%
|
1,686
|
03/26/98
|
03/31/47
|
29
|
17.21
|
A
|
|||||||||||||||||
Mactel
|
0.16
|
%
|
519
|
03/01/03
|
(3)
|
|
4
|
6.88
|
|||||||||||||||||
Tony
& Fay Gardiner
|
0.15
|
%
|
475
|
09/01/02
|
08/31/07
|
4
|
9.04
|
||||||||||||||||||
O&Y
Enterprise Office
|
0.46
|
%
|
1,478
|
03/26/98
|
03/31/06
|
13
|
9.04
|
||||||||||||||||||
COMTECH
|
0.03
|
%
|
96
|
01/01/00
|
(3)
|
|
1
|
6.88
|
|||||||||||||||||
Vacant
|
N/A
|
15,561
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total
|
95.20
|
%
|
323,411
|
|
|
$
|
1,857
|
|
$
|
1,146
|
|
Schedule
of Lease Expirations (dollars in thousands):
Year
|
Number
of Tenant
Leases
Expiring
|
Square
Feet of
Expiring
Leases
|
Annual
Rent of
Expiring
Leases (1)
|
%
of Gross Annual
Rent
Represented
by
Expiring Leases
|
|||||||||
Vacant
|
N/A
|
15,561
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
2006
(4)
|
5
|
305,689
|
$
|
1,824
|
98.2
|
%
|
|||||||
2007
|
1
|
475
|
4
|
0.2
|
%
|
||||||||
2047
|
1
|
1,686
|
29
|
1.6
|
%
|
||||||||
Total
|
7
|
323,411
|
$
|
1,857
|
100.0
|
%
|
|||||||
(1)
|
Monetary
amounts are in U.S. dollars based on the December 31, 2005 Canadian
dollar
exchange rate of 1.1620.
|
(2) |
Certain
operating expenses are reimbursed by tenants at rates ranging up
to 15%
above actual cost.
|
(3) |
These
leases are running month to month.
|
(4) |
184,504
square feet have been released to Bell Canada for six years commencing
in
April 2006 for $6.02 per square foot per
annum, before adjustment for lease incentives, with one five year
renewal
option.
|
-7-
We
also
indirectly owned the following interest in operating real estate at December
31,
2004:
In
March
2004, we purchased a 49% interest in a portfolio of convenience and retail
gas
stores located throughout the southeastern and southwestern regions of the
U.S.
The properties are subject to a sale-leaseback arrangement under long term
triple net leases with a 15 year minimum term. Circle K Stores Inc. (“Tenant”),
an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Alimentation Couche-Tard Inc. (“ACT”), is
the counterparty under the leases. ACT guarantees the obligations of Tenant
under the leases. We structured this transaction through a joint venture in
two
limited liability companies with a private investment fund managed by an
affiliate of our manager, pursuant to which it co-invested on equal terms.
One
company held assets available for sale, the last of which was sold in September
2005, and one holds assets for investment. In October 2004, the investment’s
initial financing was refinanced with a non-recourse term loan ($53.0 million
outstanding at December 31, 2005), which bears interest at a fixed rate of
6.04%. The required payments under the loan consist of interest only during
the
first two years, followed by a 25-year amortization schedule with a balloon
payment due in October 2014. At December 31, 2005, we had a $12.2 million
investment in this entity.
Our
Financing and Hedging Activities
We
employ
leverage in order to achieve our return objectives. We do not have a
predetermined target debt to equity ratio as we believe the appropriate leverage
for the particular assets we are financing depends on the credit quality of
those assets. As of December 31, 2005, our debt to equity ratio was
approximately 5.7 to 1. We maintain access to a broad array of capital resources
in an effort to insulate our business from potential fluctuations in the
availability of capital. We utilize multiple forms of financing including
collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), other securitizations, and term loans,
as well as short term financing in the form of repurchase agreements and our
credit facility. Our manager may elect for us to bear a level of refinancing
risk on a short term or longer term basis, such as is the case with investments
financed with repurchase agreements, when, based on all of the relevant factors,
bearing such risk is advisable. We utilize leverage for the sole purpose of
financing our portfolio and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in
interest rates.
We
attempt to reduce interim refinancing risk and to minimize exposure to interest
rate fluctuations through the use of match funded financing structures whereby
we seek (i) to match the maturities of our debt obligations with the maturities
of our assets and (ii) to match the interest rates on our investments with
like-kind debt (i.e.,
floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt and fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt), directly or through the use of interest
rate
swaps, caps or other financial instruments, or through a combination of these
strategies. This allows us to minimize the risk that we have to refinance our
liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets and to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings.
We
enter
into hedging transactions to protect our positions from interest rate
fluctuations and other changes in market conditions. These transactions may
include interest rate swaps, the purchase or sale of interest rate collars,
caps
or floors, options, mortgage derivatives and other hedging instruments. These
instruments may be used to hedge as much of the interest rate risk as our
manager determines is in the best interest of our stockholders, given the cost
of such hedges and the need to maintain our status as a REIT. Our manager elects
to have us bear a level of interest rate risk that could otherwise be hedged
when our manager believes, based on all relevant facts, that bearing such risks
is advisable. We have extensive experience in hedging with these types of
instruments. We engage in hedging for the purpose of protecting against interest
rate risk and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in interest
rates.
Further
details regarding our hedging activities are presented in “Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Fair Value.”
-8-
Debt
Obligations
The
following table presents certain summary information regarding our debt
obligations and related hedges as of December 31, 2005 (unaudited) (dollars
in
thousands):
Debt
Obligation
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
(1)
|
Weighted
Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating
Rate
Debt
|
Collateral
Carrying
Value
|
Collateral
Weighted Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating Rate Collateral
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
of
Current
Hedges
|
|||||||||||||||||||
CBO
Bonds Payable
|
$
|
3,560,953
|
$
|
3,530,384
|
5.27
|
%
|
6.55
|
$
|
3,275,603
|
$
|
4,002,158
|
5.86
|
$
|
1,107,164
|
$
|
1,960,808
|
||||||||||||
Other
Bonds Payable
|
353,330
|
353,330
|
5.94
|
%
|
0.63
|
215,624
|
428,744
|
4.23
|
9,961
|
227,576
|
||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
260,441
|
260,441
|
4.70
|
%
|
1.21
|
260,441
|
288,683
|
2.69
|
282,589
|
—
|
||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements
|
1,048,203
|
1,048,203
|
4.68
|
%
|
0.10
|
1,048,203
|
1,170,435
|
4.29
|
341,591
|
755,368
|
||||||||||||||||||
Credit
Facility
|
20,000
|
20,000
|
6.86
|
%
|
2.55
|
20,000
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt obligations
|
$
|
5,242,927
|
$
|
5,212,358
|
5.17
|
%
|
4.59
|
$
|
4,819,871
|
$
|
5,890,020
|
5.27
|
$
|
1,741,305
|
$
|
2,943,752
|
||||||||||||
(1) |
Including
the effect of applicable
hedges.
|
Further
details regarding our debt obligations are presented in “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and
Capital Resources.”
Investment
Guidelines
Our
general investment guidelines, adopted by our board of directors,
include:
·
|
no
investment is to be made which would cause us to fail to qualify
as a
REIT;
|
·
|
no
investment is to be made which would cause us to be regulated as
an
investment company;
|
·
|
no
more than 20% of our total equity, determined as of the date of such
investment, is to be invested in any single
asset;
|
·
|
our
leverage is not to exceed 90% of the sum of our total debt and our
total
equity; and
|
·
|
we
are not to co-invest with the manager or any of its affiliates unless
(i)
our co-investment is otherwise in accordance with these guidelines
and
(ii) the terms of such co-investment are at least as favorable to
us as to
the manager or such affiliate (as applicable) making such
co-investment.
|
In
addition, our manager is required to seek the approval of the independent
members of our board of directors before we engage in a material transaction
with another entity managed by our manager or any of its affiliates. These
investment guidelines may be changed by our board of directors without the
approval of our stockholders.
The
Management Agreement
We
are
party to a management agreement with Fortress Investment Group, dated as of
June
6, 2002, as amended on March 4, 2003, pursuant to which Fortress Investment
Group, our manager, provides for the day-to-day management of our
operations.
The
management agreement requires our manager to manage our business affairs in
conformity with the policies and the investment guidelines that are approved
and
monitored by our board of directors. Our manager’s management is under the
direction of our board of directors. The manager is responsible for (i) the
purchase and sale of real estate securities and other real estate related
assets, (ii) the financing of our real estate securities and other real estate
related assets, (iii) management of our real estate, including arranging for
purchases, sales, leases, maintenance and insurance, (iv) the purchase, sale
and
servicing of loans for us, and (v) investment advisory services. Our manager
is
responsible for our day-to-day operations and performs (or causes to be
performed) such services and activities relating to our assets and operations
as
may be appropriate.
-9-
We
pay
our manager an annual management fee equal to 1.5% of our gross equity, as
defined in the agreement. The management agreement provides that we will
reimburse our manager for various expenses incurred by our manager or its
officers, employees and agents on our behalf, including costs of legal,
accounting, tax, auditing, administrative and other similar services rendered
for us by providers retained by our manager or, if provided by our manager’s
employees, in amounts which are no greater than those which would be payable
to
outside professionals or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant
to agreements negotiated on an arm’s-length basis.
To
provide an incentive for our manager to enhance the value of our common stock,
our manager is entitled to receive an incentive return (the “Incentive
Compensation”) on a cumulative, but not compounding, basis in an amount equal to
the product of (A) 25% of the dollar amount by which (1) (a) our funds from
operations, as defined (before the Incentive Compensation) per share of common
stock (based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding) plus (b) gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and from sales
of property and other assets per share of common stock (based on the weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding), exceed (2) an amount
equal to (a) the weighted average of the price per share of common stock in
our
initial public offering and the value attributed to the net assets transferred
to us by Newcastle Investment Holdings, and in any of our subsequent offerings
(adjusted for prior capital dividends or capital distributions) multiplied
by
(b) a simple interest rate of 10% per annum (divided by four to adjust for
quarterly calculations) multiplied by (B) the weighted average number of shares
of common stock outstanding.
The
management agreement provides for automatic one year extensions. Our independent
directors review our manager’s performance annually and the management agreement
may be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds
of
our independent directors, or by a vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding shares of our common stock, based upon unsatisfactory performance
that is materially detrimental to us or a determination by our independent
directors that the management fee earned by our manager is not fair, subject
to
our manager’s right to prevent such a management fee compensation termination by
accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of fees. Our manager will be provided
with 60 days’ prior notice of any such termination and will be paid a
termination fee equal to the amount of the management fee earned by our manager
during the twelve month period preceding such termination which may make it
more
difficult for us to terminate the management agreement. Following any
termination of the management agreement, we shall be entitled to purchase our
manager’s right to receive the Incentive Compensation at a price determined as
if our assets were sold for cash at their then current fair market value (as
determined by an appraisal, taking into account, among other things, the
expected future value of the underlying investments) or otherwise we may
continue to pay the Incentive Compensation to our manager. In addition, if
we do
not purchase our manager’s Incentive Compensation, our manager may require us to
purchase the same at the price discussed above. In addition, the management
agreement may be terminated by us at any time for cause.
The
principals of our manager are Messrs. Wesley R. Edens, Peter L. Briger, Jr.,
Robert I. Kauffman, Randal A. Nardone and Michael E. Novogratz.
Policies
With Respect to Certain Other Activities
We
have
authority to offer our common stock or other equity or debt securities in
exchange for property and to repurchase or otherwise reacquire our shares or
any
other securities and may engage in such activities in the future.
We
also
may make loans to, or provide guarantees of, our subsidiaries. Although we
have
no current intentions of doing so, we may repurchase or otherwise reacquire
our
shares or other securities.
Subject
to the percentage ownership and gross income and asset tests necessary for
REIT
qualification, we may invest in securities of other REITs, other entities
engaged in real estate activities or securities of other issuers, including
for
the purpose of exercising control over such entities.
We
may
engage in the purchase and sale of investments. We do not underwrite the
securities of other issuers.
Our
officers and directors may change any of these policies without a vote of our
stockholders.
In
the
event that we determine to raise additional equity capital, our board of
directors has the authority, without stockholder approval, to issue additional
common stock or preferred stock in any manner and on such terms and for such
consideration it deems appropriate, including in exchange for
property.
Decisions
regarding the form and other characteristics of the financing for our
investments are made by our manager subject to the general investment guidelines
adopted by our board of directors.
-10-
We
have
financed our assets with the net proceeds of our initial public offering,
follow-on offerings, the issuance of preferred stock, long term secured
borrowings and short term borrowings under repurchase agreements and our credit
facility. In the future, operations may be financed by future offerings of
equity securities, as well as short term and long term unsecured and secured
borrowings. We expect that, in general, we will employ leverage consistent
with
the type of assets acquired and the desired level of risk in various investment
environments. Our governing documents do not explicitly limit the amount of
leverage that we may employ. Instead, the general investment guidelines adopted
by our board of directors limits total leverage to a maximum 9.0 to 1 debt
to
equity ratio. At December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, our debt to equity ratio
was
approximately 5.7 to 1, 5.0 to 1 and 5.4 to 1, respectively. Our policy relating
to the maximum leverage we may utilize may be changed by our board of directors
at any time in the future.
Competition
We
are
subject to significant competition in seeking investments. We compete with
several other companies for investments, including other REITs, insurance
companies and other investors. Some of our competitors have greater resources
than we do and we may not be able to compete successfully for
investments.
Compliance
with Applicable Environmental Laws
Properties
we own or may acquire are or would be subject to various foreign, federal,
state
and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations. Under these laws,
ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner of real estate
(including, in certain circumstances, a secured lender that succeeds to
ownership or control of a property) may become liable for the costs of removal
or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product
releases at, on, under or in its property. These laws typically impose cleanup
responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or control
party knew of or was responsible for the release or presence of the hazardous
or
toxic substances. The costs of investigation, remediation or removal of these
substances may be substantial and could exceed the value of the property. An
owner or control party of a site may be subject to common law claims by third
parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination
emanating from a site. Certain environmental laws also impose liability in
connection with the handling of or exposure to asbestos-containing materials,
pursuant to which third parties may seek recovery from owners of real properties
for personal injuries associated with asbestos-containing materials. Our
operating costs and values of these assets may be adversely affected by the
obligation to pay for the cost of complying with existing environmental laws,
ordinances and regulations, as well as the cost of complying with future
legislation, and our income and ability to make distributions to our
stockholders could be affected adversely by the existence of an environmental
liability with respect to our properties. We endeavor to ensure that properties
we own or acquire will be in compliance in all material respects with all
foreign, federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations regarding
hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum products.
Employees
We
are
party to a management agreement with Fortress Investment Group LLC pursuant
to
which they advise us regarding investments, risk management, and other aspects
of our business, and manage our day-to-day operations. As a result, we have
no
employees. From time to time, certain of our officers may enter into written
agreements with us that memorialize the provision of certain services; these
agreements do not provide for the payment of any cash compensation to such
officers from us. The employees of Fortress Investment Group LLC are not a
party
to any collective bargaining agreement.
Corporate
Governance and Internet Address
We
emphasize the importance of professional business conduct and ethics through
our
corporate governance initiatives. Our board of directors consists of a majority
of independent directors; the audit, nominating and corporate governance, and
compensation committees of our board of directors are composed exclusively
of
independent directors. We have adopted corporate governance guidelines, and
our
manager has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics, which delineate
our
standards for our officers and directors, and employees of our
manager.
Our
internet address is http://www.newcastleinv.com. We make available, free of
charge through a link on our site, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly
reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to such
reports, if any, as filed with the SEC as soon as reasonably practicable after
such filing.
Our
site
also contains our code of business conduct and ethics, senior officer code
of
ethics, corporate governance guidelines, and the charters of the audit
committee, nominating and corporate governance committee and compensation
committee of our board of directors.
-11-
CAUTIONARY
STATEMENTS
This
report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking
statements relate to, among other things, the operating performance of our
investments, the stability of our earnings, and our financing needs.
Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking
terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,”
“endeavor,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “overestimate,” “underestimate,”
“believe,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” “continue” or other similar words or
expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions,
discuss future expectations, describe future plans and strategies, contain
projections of results of operations or of financial condition or state other
forward-looking information. Our ability to predict results or the actual effect
of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although we believe
that
the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on
reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ
materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. These
forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that
may cause our actual results in future periods to differ materially from
forecasted results. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our
operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to, our ability
to
take advantage of opportunities in additional asset classes at attractive
risk-adjusted prices, our ability to deploy capital accretively, the
relationship between yields on assets which are paid off and yields on assets
in
which such monies can be reinvested, the relative spreads between the yield
on
the assets we invest in and the cost of financing, changes in economic
conditions generally and the real estate and bond markets specifically; adverse
changes in the financing markets we access affecting our ability to finance
our
real estate securities portfolios in general or particular real estate related
assets, or in a manner that maintains our historic net spreads; changes in
interest rates and/or credit spreads, as well as the success of our hedging
strategy in relation to such changes; the quality and size of the investment
pipeline and the rate at which we can invest our cash, including cash inside
our
CBOs; impairments in the value of the collateral underlying our real estate
securities, real estate related loans and residential mortgage loans and the
relation of any such impairments to our judgments as to whether changes in
the
market value of our securities, loans or real estate are temporary or not and
whether circumstances bearing on the value of such assets warrant changes in
carrying values; legislative/regulatory changes; completion of pending
investments; the availability and cost of capital for future investments;
competition within the finance and real estate industries; and other risks
detailed from time to time below and in our other SEC reports.
Risks
relating to our management, business and company include,
specifically:
Risks
Relating to Our Management
We
are dependent on our manager and may not find a suitable replacement if our
manager terminates the management agreement.
We
have
no paid employees. Our officers are employees of our manager. We have no
separate facilities and are completely reliant on our manager, which has
significant discretion as to the implementation of our operating policies and
strategies. We are subject to the risk that our manager will terminate the
management agreement and that no suitable replacement will be found to manage
us. Furthermore, we are dependent on the services of certain key employees
of
our manager whose continued service is not guaranteed, and the loss of such
services could temporarily adversely affect our operations.
There
are conflicts of interest in our relationship with our manager.
Our
chairman and chief executive officer and each of our executive officers also
serve as officers of our manager. As a result, our management agreement with
our
manager was not negotiated at arm's-length and its terms, including fees
payable, may not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with an
unaffiliated third party.
There
are
conflicts of interest inherent in our relationship with our manager insofar
as
our manager and its affiliates manage and invest in other investment vehicles
(investment funds, private investment funds, or businesses) that invest in
real
estate securities, real estate related loans and operating real estate and
whose
investment objectives overlap with our investment objectives. Certain
investments appropriate for Newcastle may also be appropriate for one or more
of
these other investment vehicles. Members of our board of directors and employees
of our manager who are our officers may serve as officers and/or directors
of
these other entities. In addition, our manager or its affiliates may have
investments in and/or earn fees from such other investment vehicles which are
larger than their economic interests in Newcastle and which may therefore create
an incentive to allocate investments to such other investment vehicles. Our
manager or its affiliates may determine, in their discretion, to make a
particular investment through another investment vehicle rather than through
Newcastle. It is possible that we may not be given the opportunity to
participate at all in certain investments made by our affiliates that meet
our
investment objectives.
Our
management agreement with our manager generally does not limit or restrict
our
manager or its affiliates from engaging in any business or managing other pooled
investment vehicles that invest in investments that meet our investment
objectives, except that under our management agreement neither our manager
nor
any entity controlled by or under common control with our manager is permitted
to raise or sponsor any new pooled investment vehicle whose investment
policies, guidelines or plan targets as its primary investment category
investment in United States dollar-denominated credit sensitive real estate
related securities reflecting primarily United States loans or assets. Our
manager intends to engage in additional real estate related management and
investment opportunities in the future which may compete with us for
investments.
-12-
The
ability of our manager and its officers and employees to engage in other
business activities, subject to the terms of our management agreement with
our
manager, may reduce the time our manager spends managing Newcastle. In addition,
we may engage in material transactions with our manager or another entity
managed by our manager or one of its affiliates, including certain
co-investments which present a conflict of interest, subject to our investment
guidelines.
The
management compensation structure that we have agreed to with our manager may
cause our manager to invest in high risk investments. In addition to its
management fee, our manager is entitled to receive incentive compensation based
in part upon our achievement of targeted levels of funds from operations. In
evaluating investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to
earn
incentive compensation based on funds from operations may lead our manager
to
place undue emphasis on the maximization of funds from operations at the expense
of other criteria, such as preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher
incentive compensation. Investments with higher yield potential are generally
riskier or more speculative. This could result in increased risk to the value
of
our investment portfolio.
Termination
of the management agreement with our manager is difficult and costly. The
management agreement may only be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote
of at least two-thirds of our independent directors, or by a vote of the holders
of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock, based upon (1)
unsatisfactory performance by our manager that is materially detrimental to
us
or (2) a determination that the management fee payable to our manager is not
fair, subject to our manager's right to prevent such a compensation termination
by accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of fees. Our manager will be
provided 60 days' prior notice of any termination and will be paid a termination
fee equal to the amount of the management fee earned by the manager during
the
twelve-month period preceding such termination. In addition, following any
termination of the management agreement, the manager may require us to purchase
its right to receive incentive compensation at a price determined as if our
assets were sold for their fair market value (as determined by an appraisal,
taking into account, among other things, the expected future value of the
underlying investments) or otherwise we may continue to pay the incentive
compensation to our manager. These provisions may increase the effective cost
to
us of terminating the management agreement, thereby adversely affecting our
ability to terminate our manager without cause.
Our
directors have approved very broad investment guidelines for our manager and
do
not approve each investment decision made by our manager.
Our
manager is authorized to follow very broad investment guidelines. Our directors
periodically review our investment guidelines and our investment portfolio.
However, our board does not review each proposed investment. In addition, in
conducting periodic reviews, the directors rely primarily on information
provided to them by our manager. Furthermore, transactions entered into by
our
manager may be difficult or impossible to unwind by the time they are reviewed
by the directors. Our manager has great latitude within the broad investment
guidelines in determining the types of assets it may decide are proper
investments for us.
We
may change our investment strategy without stockholder consent which may result
in riskier investments than our current investments.
Decisions
to make investments in entirely new asset categories present risks which may
be
difficult for us to adequately assess and could therefore reduce the stability
of our dividends or have adverse effects on our financial condition. A change
in
our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate and real
estate market fluctuations.
Our
investment strategy may evolve, in light of existing market conditions and
investment opportunities, to continue to take advantage of opportunistic
investments in real estate related assets, which may involve additional risks
depending upon the nature of such assets and our ability to finance such assets
on a short or long term basis. Investment opportunities that present
unattractive risk-return profiles relative to other available investment
opportunities under particular market conditions may become relatively
attractive under changed market conditions and changes in market conditions
may
therefore result in changes in the investments we target. Our failure to
accurately assess the risks inherent in new asset categories or the financing
risks associated with such assets could adversely affect our results of
operations and our financial condition.
Risks
Relating to Our Business
We
are subject to significant competition and we may not compete successfully.
We
are
subject to significant competition in seeking investments. We compete with
other
companies, including other REITs, insurance companies and other investors,
including funds and companies affiliated with our manager. Some of our
competitors have greater resources than us and we may not be able to compete
successfully for investments.
-13-
Furthermore,
competition for investments of the type to be made by us may lead to the returns
available from such investments decreasing which may further limit our ability
to generate our desired returns. We cannot assure you that other companies
will
not be formed that compete with us for investments or otherwise pursue
investment strategies similar to ours.
Our
determination of how much leverage to apply to our investments may adversely
affect our return on our investments and may reduce cash available for
distribution.
We
leverage our portfolio through borrowings, generally through the use of credit
facilities, warehouse facilities, repurchase agreements, mortgage loans on
real
estate, securitizations, including the issuance of CBOs, private or public
offerings of debt by subsidiaries, loans to entities in which we hold, directly
or indirectly, interests in pools of properties or loans, and other borrowings.
Our investment policies do not limit the amount of leverage we may incur with
respect to any specific asset or pool of assets, subject to an overall limit
on
our use of leverage to 90% of the value of our assets on an aggregate basis.
Our
return on our investments and cash available for distribution to our
stockholders may be reduced to the extent that changes in market conditions
cause the cost of our financing to increase relative to the income that can
be
derived from the assets acquired.
We
finance certain of our investments with debt (e.g., repurchase agreements)
that
is subject to margin calls based on a decrease in the value of such investments,
which could adversely impact our liquidity and, as a result of the need to
post
greater margin with respect to existing investments, our return on equity.
If we
do not have the funds available to or choose not to satisfy any such margin
calls, we could be forced to sell the investments at a loss.
The
loans we invest in and the loans underlying the securities and total rate of
return swaps we invest in are subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss,
which could result in losses to us.
Commercial
mortgage loans are secured by multifamily or commercial property and are subject
to risks of delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss. The ability of
a
borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically
is
dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than
upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the
net
operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower's ability to repay
the
loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing property
can
be affected by, among other things: tenant mix, success of tenant businesses,
property management decisions, property location and condition, competition
from
comparable types of properties, changes in laws that increase operating expense
or limit rents that may be charged, any need to address environmental
contamination at the property, the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at
the
property, changes in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or
specific industry segments, declines in regional or local real estate values,
declines in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, increases in interest
rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses, changes in
governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental
legislation, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.
Residential
mortgage loans and subprime mortgage loans are secured by single-family
residential property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by a
residential property is dependent upon the income or assets of the borrower.
A
number of factors may impair borrowers' abilities to repay their loans.
In
the
event of any default under a loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk
of
loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the
collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the loan, which could
adversely affect our cash flow from operations. Foreclosure of a loan can be
an
expensive and lengthy process which could negatively affect our anticipated
return on the foreclosed loan.
Mortgage
and asset backed securities are bonds or notes backed by loans and/or other
financial assets and include commercial mortgage back securities (CMBS), agency
residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS), and real estate related asset
backed securities (ABS). The ability of a borrower to repay these loans or
other
financial assets is dependant upon the income or assets of these borrowers.
While we intend to focus on real estate related asset backed securities, there
can be no assurance that we will not invest in other types of asset backed
securities.
Our
investments in mortgage and asset backed securities will also be adversely
affected by defaults under the loans underlying such securities. To the extent
losses are realized on the loans underlying the securities in which we invest,
the company may not recover the amount invested in, or, in extreme cases, any
of
our investment in, such securities.
-14-
Subprime
mortgage loans are generally loans to credit impaired borrowers and borrowers
that are ineligible to qualify for loans from conventional mortgage sources
due
to loan size, credit characteristics or documentation standards. Loans to lower
credit grade borrowers generally experience higher-than-average default and
loss
rates than do conforming mortgage loans. Material differences in the defaults,
loss severities and/or prepayments on the subprime mortgage loans we acquire
(or
on the manufactured housing loans we acquire) from what we estimate in
connection with our underwriting of the acquisition of such loans would cause
reductions in our income and adversely affect our operating results, both with
respect to unsecuritized loans and loans that we have securitized or otherwise
financed on a
long
term match funded basis. We cannot assure you that our underwriting criteria
will afford adequate protection against the higher risks associated with loans
made to lower credit grade borrowers. If we underestimate the extent of losses
that our loans will incur, then our business, financial condition, liquidity
and
results of operations will be adversely impacted.
Although
we seek to match fund our investments to limit refinance risk and lock in net
spreads, we do not employ this strategy with respect to certain of our
investments, which increases the risks related to refinancing these investments.
A
key to
our investment strategy is to finance our investments using match funded
financing structures, which match assets and liabilities with respect to
maturities and interest rates. This limits our refinance risk, including the
risk of being able to refinance an investment or refinance on favorable terms.
We generally use match funded financing structures, such as CBOs, to finance
our
investments in real estate securities and loans. However, our manager may elect
for us to bear a level of refinancing risk on a short term or longer term basis,
such as is the case with investments financed with repurchase agreements, when,
based on all of the relevant factors, bearing such risk is advisable. This
is
generally the case with respect to the residential mortgage loans and agency
RMBS we invest in. The decision not to match fund certain investments exposes
us
to additional refinancing risks that may not apply to our other
investments.
In
addition, we anticipate that, in most cases, for any period during which our
floating rate assets are not match funded with respect to maturity, the income
from such assets may respond more slowly to interest rate fluctuations than
the
cost of our borrowings. Because of this dynamic, interest income from such
investments may rise more slowly than the related interest expense, with a
consequent decrease in our net income. Interest rate fluctuations resulting
in
our interest expense exceeding interest income would result in operating losses
for us from these investments.
Accordingly,
if we do not or are unable to match fund our investments with respect to
maturities and interest rates, we will be exposed to the risk that we may not
be
able to finance or refinance our investments on economically favorable terms
or
may have to liquidate assets at a loss.
We
may not be able to finance our investments on a long term basis on attractive
terms, including by means of securitization, which may require us to seek more
costly financing for our investments or to liquidate assets.
When
financing our investments through CBOs, we accumulate securities through an
arrangement in which a third party provides short term financing pending the
issuance of the CBO bonds and we make a cash deposit with such third party.
Under such arrangement, if the CBO financing were not consummated, we would
be
required to either purchase the securities and obtain other more expensive
financing for such purchase, or pay the third party the lesser of the difference
between the price it paid for the securities and the price at which it sold
such
securities, or our deposit.
Where
we
acquire a loan portfolio which we finance on a short term basis with a view
to
securitization or other long term financing, we bear the risk of being unable
to
securitize the loans or otherwise finance them on a long term basis at
attractive prices or in a timely matter, or at all. If it is not possible or
economical for us to securitize or otherwise finance such loans on a long term
basis, we may be unable to pay down our short term credit facilities, or be
required to liquidate the loans at a loss in order to do so.
Both
during the ramp up phase of a potential CBO financing and following the closing
of a CBO financing when we have locked in the liability costs for a CBO, the
rate at which we are able to acquire eligible investments and changes in market
conditions may adversely affect our anticipated returns.
We
acquire real estate securities and loans and finance them on a long term basis,
typically through the issuance of collateralized bond obligations. We use short
term warehouse lines of credit to finance the acquisition of real estate
securities and loans until a sufficient quantity of securities and loans is
accumulated, at which time we may refinance these lines through a
securitization, such as a CBO financing, or other long term financing. As a
result, we are subject to the risk that we will not be able to acquire, during
the period that our warehouse facility is available, a sufficient amount of
eligible securities to maximize the efficiency of a collateralized bond
obligation financing. In addition, conditions in the capital markets may make
the issuance of a collateralized bond obligation less attractive to us when
we
do have a sufficient pool of collateral. If we are unable to issue a
collateralized bond obligation to finance these assets, we may be required
to
seek other forms of potentially less attractive financing or otherwise to
liquidate the assets.
In
addition, following each CBO financing we must invest the net cash raised in
the
financing. Until we are able to acquire sufficient securities, our returns
will
reflect income earned on uninvested cash and, having locked in the cost of
liabilities for the particular CBO, the particular CBO’s returns will be at risk
of declining to the extent that yields on the securities to be acquired
decline.
-15-
In
general, our ability to acquire appropriate investments depends upon the supply
in the market of investments we deem suitable, and changes in various economic
factors may affect our determination of what constitutes a suitable investment.
Our
returns will be adversely affected when proceeds of investments we have sold
or
which have been prepaid must be reinvested at lower yields than those of the
investments sold or prepaid.
Real
estate securities and loans are subject to prepayment risk. In addition, we
may
sell, and realize gains (or losses) on, investments. For those investments
held
in CBOs, the proceeds from such prepayments or sales must be reinvested inside
the applicable CBO, prior to the end of the reinvestment period. Our net income
will be adversely affected if proceeds from sales or prepayments of assets
are
reinvested at lower asset yields than the yields of such
investments.
Our
investments may be subject to impairment charges.
We
will
periodically evaluate our investments for impairment indicators. The judgment
regarding the existence of impairment indicators is based on a variety of
factors depending upon the nature of the investment and the manner in which
the
income related to such investment calculated for purposes of our financial
statements. If we determine that a significant impairment has occurred, we
would
be required to make an adjustment to the net carrying value of the investment,
which could adversely affect our results of operations and funds from operations
in the applicable period.
Our investments
in senior unsecured REIT securities are subject to specific risks relating
to
the particular REIT issuer and to the general risks of investing in subordinated
real estate securities, which may result in losses to us.
Our
investments in REIT securities involve special risks relating to the particular
REIT issuer of the securities, including the financial condition and business
outlook of the issuer. REITs generally are required to substantially invest
in
operating real estate or real estate related assets and are subject to the
inherent risks associated with real estate related investments discussed in
this
report.
Our
investments in REIT securities are also subject to the risks described above
with respect to mortgage loans and mortgage backed securities and similar risks,
including (i) risks of delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss in the
event thereof, (ii) the dependence upon the successful operation of and net
income from real property, (iii) risks generally incident to interests in real
property, and (iv) risks that may be presented by the type and use of a
particular commercial property.
REIT
securities are generally unsecured and may also be subordinated to other
obligations of the issuer. We may also invest in REIT securities that are rated
below investment grade. As a result, investments in REIT securities are also
subject to risks of: (i) limited liquidity in the secondary trading market,
(ii)
substantial market price volatility resulting from changes in prevailing
interest rates, (iii) subordination to the prior claims of banks and other
senior lenders to the issuer, (iv) the operation of mandatory sinking fund
or
call/redemption provisions during periods of declining interest rates that
could
cause the issuer to reinvest premature redemption proceeds in lower yielding
assets, (v) the possibility that earnings of the REIT issuer may be insufficient
to meet its debt service and dividend obligations and (vi) the declining
creditworthiness and potential for insolvency of the issuer of such REIT
securities during periods of rising interest rates and economic downturn. These
risks may adversely affect the value of outstanding REIT securities and the
ability of the issuers thereof to repay principal and interest or make dividend
payments.
The
real estate related loans and other direct and indirect interests in pools
of
real estate properties or other loans that we invest in may be subject to
additional risks relating to the privately negotiated structure and terms of
the
transaction, which may result in losses to us.
We
invest
in real estate related loans and other direct and indirect interests in pools
of
real estate properties or loans.
We
invest
in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by second
mortgages on the underlying real property or other business assets or revenue
streams or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of the entity
owning real property or other business assets or revenue streams (or the
ownership interest of the parent of such entity). These types of investments
involve a higher degree of risk than long term senior lending secured by
business assets or income producing real property because the investment may
become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by a senior lender. In the event
of
a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests
as
security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the
assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If
a
borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the
event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after
the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment.
In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan to value ratios than
conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the property and
increasing the risk of loss of principal.
-16-
We
also
invest in mortgage loans (“B” Notes) that while secured by a first mortgage on a
single large commercial property or group of related properties are subordinated
to an "A Note" secured by the same first mortgage on the same collateral. As
a
result, if an issuer defaults, there may not be sufficient funds remaining
for B
Note holders. B Notes reflect similar credit risks to comparably rated
commercial mortgage backed securities. We also invest, directly or indirectly,
in pools of real estate properties or loans. However, since each transaction
is
privately negotiated, these investments can vary in their structural
characteristics and risks. For example, the rights of holders of B Notes to
control
the process following a borrower default may vary from transaction to
transaction, while investments in pools of real estate properties or loans
may
be subject to varying contractual arrangements with third party co-investors
in
such pools. Further, B Notes typically are secured by a single property, and
so
reflect the risks associated with significant concentration. These investments
also are less liquid than commercial mortgage backed securities.
Insurance
on real estate in which we have interests (including the real estate serving
as
collateral for our real estate securities and loans) may not cover all losses.
There
are
certain types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as
earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, terrorism or acts of war, that may be
uninsurable or not economically insurable. Inflation, changes in building codes
and ordinances, environmental considerations, and other factors, including
terrorism or acts of war, also might make the insurance proceeds insufficient
to
repair or replace a property if it is damaged or destroyed. Under such
circumstances, the insurance proceeds received might not be adequate to restore
our economic position with respect to the affected real property. As a result
of
the events of September 11, 2001, insurance companies are limiting and/or
excluding coverage for acts of terrorism in insurance policies. As a result,
we
may suffer losses from acts of terrorism that are not covered by insurance.
In
addition, the mortgage loans which are secured by certain of the properties
in
which we have interests contain customary covenants, including covenants that
require property insurance to be maintained in an amount equal to the
replacement cost of the properties. There can be no assurance that the lenders
under these mortgage loans will not take the position that exclusions from
coverage for losses due to terrorist acts is a breach of a covenant which,
if
uncured, could allow the lenders to declare an event of default and accelerate
repayment of the mortgage loans.
Environmental
compliance costs and liabilities with respect to our real estate in which we
have interests may adversely affect our results of operations.
Our
operating costs may be affected by our obligation to pay for the cost of
complying with existing environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, as
well
as the cost of complying with future legislation with respect to the assets,
or
loans secured by assets, with environmental problems that materially impair
the
value of the assets. Under various federal, state and local environmental laws,
ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real
property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous
or
toxic substances on, under, or in such property. Such laws often impose
liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible
for,
the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. In addition, the presence
of
hazardous or toxic substances, or the failure to remediate properly, may
adversely affect the owner's ability to borrow by using such real property
as
collateral. Certain environmental laws and common law principles could be used
to impose liability for releases of hazardous materials, including
asbestos-containing materials, into the environment, and third parties may
seek
recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury
associated with exposure to released asbestos-containing materials or other
hazardous materials. Environmental laws may also impose restrictions on the
manner in which a property may be used or transferred or in which businesses
it
may be operated, and these restrictions may require expenditures. In connection
with the direct or indirect ownership and operation of properties, we may be
potentially liable for any such costs. The cost of defending against claims
of
liability or remediating contaminated property and the cost of complying with
environmental laws could adversely affect our results of operations and
financial condition.
Many
or our investments are illiquid and this lack of liquidity could significantly
impede our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic
and
other conditions or to realize the value at which such investments are carried
if we are required to dispose of them.
Operating
real estate and other direct and indirect investments in real estate and real
estate related assets are generally illiquid. Our investments in unconsolidated
subsidiaries are
also
illiquid. In addition, the real estate securities that we purchase in connection
with privately negotiated transactions are not registered under the relevant
securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge
or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the
registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws.
In
addition, there are no established trading markets for a majority of our
investments. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response to
changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.
Our
assets are valued based primarily on third party quotations which are subject
to
significant variability based on market conditions. Certain of our investments,
however, are highly illiquid and we will not have access to readily
ascertainable market prices when establishing valuations of them. While we
will
endeavor to determine and establish valuations of our investments based on
our
manager’s estimate of the fair market value of such investments, if we are
required to liquidate all or a portion of our illiquid investments quickly,
we
may realize significantly less than the amount at which we have previously
valued these investments.
-17-
Interest
rate fluctuations and shifts in the yield curve may cause losses.
Our
primary interest rate exposures relate to our real estate securities, loans,
floating rate debt obligations, interest rate swaps, and interest rate caps.
Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest
income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on our
interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with
our
interest-bearing liabilities and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates
also can affect, among other things, our ability to acquire real estate
securities and loans at attractive prices, the value of our real estate
securities, loans and derivatives and our ability to realize gains from the
sale
of such assets.
In
the
event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or economic
downturn, loan and collateral defaults may increase and result in credit losses
that would adversely affect our liquidity and operating results. Interest rates
are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax
policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions, and
other factors beyond our control.
Our
ability to execute our business strategy, particularly the growth of our
investment portfolio, depends to a significant degree on our ability to obtain
additional capital. Our financing strategy is dependent on our ability to place
the match funded debt we use to finance our investments at rates that provide
a
positive net spread. If spreads for such liabilities widen or if demand for
such
liabilities ceases to exist, then our ability to execute future financings
will
be severely restricted.
Interest
rate changes may also impact our net book value as our real estate securities
and related hedge derivatives are marked to market each quarter. Our loan
investments and debt obligations are not marked to market. Generally, as
interest rates increase, the value of our fixed rate securities decreases,
which
will decrease the book value of our equity.
Furthermore,
shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve, which represents the market's
expectations of future interest rates, would also affect the yield required
on
our real estate securities and therefore their value. This would have similar
effects on our real estate securities portfolio and our financial position
and
operations to a change in interest rates generally.
Our
investments in real estate securities and loans are subject to changes in credit
spreads which could adversely affect our ability to realize gains on the sale
of
such investments.
Real
estate securities are subject to changes in credit spreads. Fixed rate
securities are valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable
on
fixed rate U.S. Treasuries of like maturity. The value of these securities
is
dependent on the yield demanded on these securities by the market based on
their
credit relative to U.S. Treasuries. Excessive supply of these securities
combined with reduced demand will generally cause the market to require a higher
yield on these securities, resulting in the use of a higher, or "wider," spread
over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury security yield)
to
value such securities. Under such conditions, the value of our real estate
securities portfolio would tend to decline. Conversely, if the spread used
to
value such securities were to decrease, or "tighten," the value of our real
estate securities portfolio would tend to increase. Our floating rate securities
are valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are affected similarly
by changes in LIBOR spreads. Such changes in the market value of our real estate
securities portfolio may affect our net equity, net income or cash flow directly
through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on available for sale
securities, and therefore our ability to realize gains on such securities,
or
indirectly through their impact on our ability to borrow and access capital.
Our
loan
portfolios are also subject to changes in credit spreads. Our floating rate
loans are valued based on a market credit spread to LIBOR. The value of these
loans is dependent on the yield demanded by the market based on their credit
relative to LIBOR. The value of our floating rate loans would tend to decline
should the market require a higher yield on such loans, resulting in the use
of
a higher spread over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable LIBOR yield).
Our fixed rate loans are valued based on a market credit spread over U.S.
Treasuries and are affected similarly by changes in U.S. Treasury spreads.
If
the value of our loans subject to repurchase agreements were to decline, it
could affect our ability to refinance such loans upon the maturity of the
related repurchase agreements. Any credit or spread related losses incurred
with
respect to our loans would affect us in the same way as similar losses on our
real estate securities portfolio as described above, except that our loans
are
not marked to market.
In
addition, widening credit spreads will generally result in a decrease in the
mark to market value of certain investments which are treated as derivatives
on
our balance sheet, such as total rate of return swaps. Since changes in the
value of such assets are reflected in our income statement, this would result
in
a decrease in our net income. To the extent that we choose to make increasing
investments in real estate related assets by means of entering into total rate
of return swaps, our net income will become more susceptible to decreases
stemming from credit spread changes.
-18-
Our
hedging transactions may limit our gains or result in losses.
We
use
derivatives to hedge our interest rate exposure and this has certain risks,
including the risk that losses on a hedge position will reduce the cash
available for distribution to stockholders and that such losses may exceed
the
amount invested in such instruments. Our board of directors has adopted a
general policy with respect to the use of derivatives, which generally allows
us
to use derivatives where appropriate, but does not set forth specific policies
and procedures. We use derivative instruments, including forwards, futures,
swaps and options, in our risk management strategy
to limit the effects of changes in interest rates on our operations. A hedge
may
not be effective in eliminating all of the risks inherent in any particular
position. Our profitability may be adversely affected during any period as
a
result of the use of derivatives.
There
are
limits to the ability of hedging strategy to protect us completely against
interest rate risks. When rates change, we expect the gain or loss on
derivatives to be offset by a related but inverse change in the value of the
items, generally our liabilities, which we hedge. We cannot assure you, however,
that our use of derivatives will offset the risks related to changes in interest
rates. We cannot assure you that our hedging strategy and the derivatives that
we use will adequately offset the risk of interest rate volatility or that
our
hedging transactions will not result in losses.
In
managing our hedge instruments, we consider the effect of the expected hedging
income on the REIT qualification tests that limit the amount of gross income
that a REIT may receive from hedging. The REIT provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code limit our ability to hedge. We need to carefully monitor, and
may
have to limit, our hedging strategy to assure that we do not realize hedging
income, or hold hedges having a value, in excess of the amounts which would
cause us to fail the REIT gross income and asset tests.
Accounting
for derivatives under GAAP is extremely complicated Any failure by us to account
for our derivatives properly in accordance with GAAP in our financial statements
could adversely affect our earnings.
Prepayment
rates can increase, adversely affecting yields on certain investments, including
our residential mortgage loans.
The
value
of our assets may be affected by prepayment rates on our residential mortgage
loans and other floating rate assets. Prepayment rates are influenced by changes
in current interest rates and a variety of economic, geographic and other
factors beyond our control, and consequently, such prepayment rates cannot
be
predicted with certainty. In periods of declining mortgage interest rates,
prepayments on loans generally increase. If general interest rates decline
as
well, the proceeds of such prepayments received during such periods are likely
to be reinvested by us in assets yielding less than the yields on the assets
that were prepaid. In addition, the market value of floating rate assets may,
because of the risk of prepayment, benefit less than fixed rate assets from
declining interest rates. Conversely, in periods of rising interest rates,
prepayments on loans generally decrease, in which case we would not have the
prepayment proceeds available to invest in assets with higher yields. Under
certain interest rate and prepayment scenarios we may fail to recoup fully
our
cost of acquisition of certain investments.
In
addition, when market conditions lead us to increase the portion of our CBO
investments that are comprised of floating rate securities, the risk of assets
inside our CBOs prepaying increases. Since our CBO financing costs are locked
in, reinvestment of such prepayment proceeds at lower yields than the initial
investments, as a result of changes in the interest rate or credit spread
environment, will result in a decrease of the return on our equity and therefore
our net income.
Risks
Relating to Our Company
Our
failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes and reduced cash
available for stockholders.
We
operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
Our ability to satisfy the asset tests depends upon our analysis of the fair
market values of our assets, some of which are not susceptible to a precise
determination, and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals. Our
compliance with the REIT income and quarterly asset requirements also depends
upon our ability to successfully manage the composition of our income and assets
on an ongoing basis. Moreover, the proper classification of an instrument as
debt or equity for federal income tax purposes may be uncertain in some
circumstances, which could affect the application of the REIT qualification
requirements as described below. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that
the
IRS will not contend that our interests in subsidiaries or other issuers will
not cause a violation of the REIT requirements. If we were to fail to qualify
as
a REIT in any taxable year, we would be subject to federal income tax, including
any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular
corporate rates, and distributions to stockholders would not be deductible
by us
in computing our taxable income. Any such corporate tax liability could be
substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution
to
our stockholders, which in turn could have an adverse impact on the value of,
and trading prices for, our stock. Unless entitled to relief under certain
Internal Revenue Code provisions, we also would be disqualified from taxation
as
a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased
to
qualify as a REIT. The rule against re-electing REIT status following a loss
of
such status could also apply to us if Newcastle Investment Holdings Corp.,
a
former stockholder of the Company, failed to qualify as a REIT, and we are
treated as a successor to Newcastle Investment Holdings for federal income
tax
purposes.
REIT
distribution requirements could adversely affect our liquidity.
We
generally must distribute annually at least 90% of our net taxable income,
excluding any net capital gain, in order for corporate income tax not to apply
to earnings that we distribute. We intend to make distributions to our
stockholders to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code.
However, differences in timing between the
recognition of taxable income and the actual receipt of cash could require
us to
sell assets or borrow funds on a short term or long term basis to meet the
90%
distribution requirement of the Internal Revenue Code. Certain of our assets
generate substantial mismatches between taxable income and available cash.
As a
result, the requirement to distribute a substantial portion of our net taxable
income could cause us to: (a) sell assets in adverse market conditions, (b)
borrow on unfavorable terms, or (c) distribute amounts that would otherwise
be
invested in future acquisitions, capital expenditures or repayment of debt,
in
order to comply with REIT requirements.
-19-
Further,
amounts distributed will not be available to fund investment activities. If
we
fail to obtain debt or equity capital in the future, it could limit our ability
to grow, which could adversely affect the value of our common stock.
Dividends
payable by REITs do not qualify for reduced tax rates.
Tax
law
changes in 2003 reduced the maximum tax rate for dividends payable to
individuals from 35% to 15% (through 2008). Dividends payable by REITs, however,
are generally not eligible for the reduced rates. Although this legislation
does
not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends paid by REITs, the
more
favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause investors
who are individuals to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less
attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay
dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs,
including our common stock. In addition, the relative attractiveness of real
estate in general may be adversely affected by the newly favorable tax treatment
given to corporate dividends, which could affect the value of our real estate
assets negatively.
Maintenance
of our Investment Company Act exemption imposes limits on our operations.
We
conduct our operations so as not to become regulated as an investment company
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. We believe that there
are
a number of exemptions under the Investment Company Act that may be applicable
to us. The assets that we may acquire, therefore, are limited by the provisions
of the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated under
the Investment Company Act. In addition, we could, among other things, be
required either (a) to change the manner in which we conduct our operations
to
avoid being required to register as an investment company or (b) to register
as
an investment company, either of which could adversely affect us and the market
price for our stock.
ERISA
may restrict investments by plans in our common stock.
A
plan
fiduciary considering an investment in our common stock should consider, among
other things, whether such an investment is consistent with the fiduciary
obligations under ERISA, including whether such investment might constitute
or
give rise to a prohibited transaction under ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code
or
any substantially similar federal, state or local law and, if so, whether an
exemption from such prohibited transaction rules is available.
The
stock ownership limits imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and our
charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and may restrict our business
combination opportunities.
In
order
for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code,
not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly
or
indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue
Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each
taxable year after our first year. Our charter, with certain exceptions,
authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable
to
preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by our board of directors,
no person may own more than 8% of the aggregate value of all outstanding shares
of our capital stock, treating classes and series of our stock in the aggregate,
or more than 25% of the outstanding shares of our Series B Preferred Stock
or
Series C Preferred Stock. Our board may grant such an exemption, subject to
such
conditions, representations and undertakings as it may determine in its sole
discretion. These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or
a
change in our control that might involve a premium price for our common stock
or
otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders. Our board of directors
has granted limited exemptions to Fortress Principal Investment Holdings II
LLC,
our manager, a third party group of funds managed by Cohen & Steers, and
certain affiliates of these entities.
Maryland
takeover statutes may prevent a change of our control. This could depress our
stock price.
Under
Maryland law, "business combinations" between a Maryland corporation and an
interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are
prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested
stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations
include certain mergers, consolidations, share exchanges, or, in circumstances
specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification
of
equity securities or a liquidation or dissolution. An interested stockholder
is
defined as:
· |
any
person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the
corporation's outstanding shares; or
|
· |
an
affiliate or associate of a corporation who, at any time within the
two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial
owner of
10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of
the
corporation.
|
-20-
A
person
is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors
approved in advance the transaction by which he or she otherwise would have
become an interested stockholder.
After
the
five--year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland
corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by
the
board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote
of at
least:
·
|
80%
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares
of
voting stock of the corporation voting together as a single group;
and
|
·
|
two-thirds
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the
corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder
with whom
or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected
or held
by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder voting
together
as a single voting group.
|
The
business combination statute may discourage others from trying to acquire
control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer, including
potential acquisitions that might involve a premium price for our common stock
or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Our
authorized, but unissued common and preferred stock may prevent a change in
our
control.
Our
charter authorizes us to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of
our
common stock or preferred stock. In addition, our board of directors may
classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common stock or preferred stock
and may set the preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or
reclassified shares. As a result, our board may establish a series of preferred
stock that could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that
might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best
interest of our stockholders.
Our
stockholder rights plan could inhibit a change in our control.
We
have
adopted a stockholder rights agreement. Under the terms of the rights agreement,
in general, if a person or group acquires more than 15% of the outstanding
shares of our common stock, all of our other common stockholders will have
the
right to purchase securities from us at a discount to such securities' fair
market value, thus causing substantial dilution to the acquiring person. The
rights agreement may have the effect of inhibiting or impeding a change in
control not approved by our board of directors and, therefore, could adversely
affect our stockholders' ability to realize a premium over the then-prevailing
market price for our common stock in connection with such a transaction. In
addition, since our board of directors can prevent the rights agreement from
operating, in the event our board approves of an acquiring person, the rights
agreement gives our board of directors significant discretion over whether
a
potential acquirer's efforts to acquire a large interest in us will be
successful. Because the rights agreement contains provisions that are designed
to assure that the executive officers, our manager and its affiliates will
never, alone, be considered a group that is an acquiring person, the rights
agreement provides the executive officers, our manager and its affiliates with
certain advantages under the rights agreement that are not available to other
stockholders.
Our
staggered board and other provisions of our charter and bylaws may prevent
a
change in our control.
Our
board
of directors is divided into three classes of directors. Directors of each
class
are chosen for three-year terms upon the expiration of their current terms,
and
each year one class of directors is elected by the stockholders. The staggered
terms of our directors may reduce the possibility of a tender offer or an
attempt at a change in control, even though a tender offer or change in control
might be in the best interest of our stockholders. In addition, our charter
and
bylaws also contain other provisions that may delay or prevent a transaction
or
a change in control that might involve a premium price for our common stock
or
otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Readers
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking
statements, which reflect our management’s views as of the date of this report.
The factors noted above could cause our actual results to differ significantly
from those contained in any forward-looking statement. For a discussion of
our
critical accounting policies see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Application of Critical
Accounting Policies.”
Although
we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements
are
reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance
or achievements. We are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking
statements after the date of this report to conform these statements to actual
results.
-21-
We
have
no unresolved staff comments.
Our
direct investments in properties are described under “Business - Our Investing
Activities.”
Our
manager leases principal executive and administrative offices located at 1345
Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, 46th floor. Its telephone
number is (212) 798-6100.
We
are
not a party to any material legal proceedings.
No
matters were submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth
quarter of 2005.
Our
common stock has been listed and is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
under the symbol “NCT” since our initial public offering in October 2002. The
following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low and last
sale prices in dollars on the NYSE for our common stock and the distributions
we
declared with respect to the periods indicated.
2005
|
High
|
Low
|
Last
Sale
|
Distributions
Declared
|
|||||||||
First
Quarter
|
$
|
31.95
|
$
|
29.27
|
$
|
29.60
|
$
|
0.625
|
|||||
Second
Quarter
|
$
|
32.31
|
$
|
28.25
|
$
|
30.15
|
$
|
0.625
|
|||||
Third
Quarter
|
$
|
31.25
|
$
|
27.00
|
$
|
27.90
|
$
|
0.625
|
|||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
$
|
27.96
|
$
|
24.74
|
$
|
24.85
|
$
|
0.625
|
|||||
2004
|
High
|
Low
|
Last
Sale
|
Distributions
Declared
|
|||||||||
First
Quarter
|
$
|
33.89
|
$
|
25.51
|
$
|
33.70
|
$
|
0.600
|
|||||
Second
Quarter
|
$
|
33.40
|
$
|
24.51
|
$
|
29.95
|
$
|
0.600
|
|||||
Third
Quarter
|
$
|
31.74
|
$
|
27.97
|
$
|
30.70
|
$
|
0.600
|
|||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
$
|
32.87
|
$
|
29.84
|
$
|
31.78
|
$
|
0.625
|
We
intend
to continue to declare quarterly distributions on our common stock. No
assurance, however, can be given as to the amounts or timing of future
distributions as such distributions are subject to our earnings, financial
condition, capital requirements and such other factors as our board of directors
deems relevant.
-22-
On
March
6, 2006, the closing sale price for our common stock, as reported on the NYSE,
was $24.76. As of March 6, 2006, there were approximately 99 record holders
of
our common stock. This figure does not reflect the beneficial ownership of
shares held in nominee name.
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
The
following table summarizes the total number of outstanding securities in the
incentive plan and the number of securities remaining for future issuance,
as
well as the weighted average exercise price of all outstanding securities as
of
December 31, 2005.
Number
of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding
Options
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options
|
Number
of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity
Compensation Plans
|
||||||||
Equity
Compensation Plans Approved
|
||||||||||
by
Security Holders:
|
||||||||||
Newcastle
Investment Corp. Nonqualified
|
||||||||||
Stock
Option and Incentive Award Plan
|
1,811,807
(1
|
)
|
$
|
25.14
|
7,320,577
(2
|
)
|
||||
Equity
Compensation Plans Not Approved
|
||||||||||
by
Security Holders:
|
||||||||||
None
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
(1)
|
Includes
options for (i) 1,170,317 shares held by an affiliate of our manager;
(ii)
627,490 shares granted to our manager and assigned to certain of
the
manager’s employees; and (iii) an aggregate of 14,000 shares held by our
directors, other than Mr. Edens.
|
(2) |
The
maximum available for issuance is equal to 10% of the number of
outstanding equity interests, subject to a maximum of 10,000,000
shares in
the aggregate over the term of the plan. The number of securities
remaining available for future issuance is net of an aggregate of
5,696
shares of our common stock awards to our directors, other than Mr.
Edens,
representing the aggregate annual automatic stock awards to each
such
director for 2003 through 2005, and of 861,920 shares issued to certain
of
our directors and employees of our manager upon the exercise of previously
granted options.
|
-23-
The
selected historical consolidated financial information set forth below as of
December 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and for the years ended December
31, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002 and 2001 has been derived from our audited historical
consolidated financial statements.
The
information below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Selected
Consolidated Financial Information
(in
thousands, except per share data)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
2001
|
||||||||||||
Operating
Data
|
(2)
|
(1)
|
||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
348,516
|
$
|
225,761
|
$
|
133,183
|
$
|
73,620
|
$
|
48,729
|
||||||
Other
income
|
29,697
|
23,908
|
18,901
|
18,716
|
50,348
|
|||||||||||
378,213
|
249,669
|
152,084
|
92,336
|
99,077
|
||||||||||||
Expenses
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
226,446
|
136,398
|
76,877
|
44,238
|
30,495
|
|||||||||||
Other
expense
|
42,529
|
29,259
|
20,828
|
18,197
|
36,865
|
|||||||||||
268,975
|
165,657
|
97,705
|
62,435
|
67,360
|
||||||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
5,930
|
12,465
|
862
|
362
|
2,807
|
|||||||||||
Income
taxes on related taxable subsidiaries
|
(321
|
)
|
(2,508
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||||
5,609
|
9,957
|
862
|
362
|
2,807
|
||||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
114,847
|
93,969
|
55,241
|
30,263
|
34,524
|
|||||||||||
Income
from discontinued operations
|
2,108
|
4,446
|
877
|
1,232
|
9,147
|
|||||||||||
Net
income
|
116,955
|
98,415
|
56,118
|
31,495
|
43,671
|
|||||||||||
Preferred
dividends and related accretion
|
(6,684
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
(4,773
|
)
|
(1,162
|
)
|
(2,540
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
$
|
51,345
|
$
|
30,333
|
$
|
41,131
|
||||||
Net
income per share of common stock, diluted
|
$
|
2.51
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
1.96
|
$
|
1.68
|
$
|
2.49
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock,
after preferred dividends and related accretion, diluted
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
2.34
|
$
|
1.93
|
$
|
1.61
|
$
|
1.94
|
||||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
outstanding,
diluted
|
43,986
|
37,558
|
26,141
|
18,090
|
16,493
|
|||||||||||
Dividends
declared per share of common stock
|
$
|
2.500
|
$
|
2.425
|
$
|
1.950
|
$
|
2.050
|
$
|
2.000
|
||||||
As
Of December 31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
2001
(1)
|
||||||||||||
Balance
Sheet Data
|
||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities, available for sale
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
$
|
2,192,727
|
$
|
1,025,010
|
$
|
501,509
|
||||||
Real
estate related loans, net
|
615,551
|
591,890
|
402,784
|
26,417
|
20,662
|
|||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans, net
|
600,682
|
654,784
|
586,237
|
258,198
|
—
|
|||||||||||
Operating
real estate, net
|
16,673
|
57,193
|
102,995
|
113,652
|
524,834
|
|||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
21,275
|
37,911
|
60,403
|
45,463
|
31,360
|
|||||||||||
Total
assets
|
6,209,699
|
4,932,720
|
3,550,299
|
1,574,828
|
1,262,509
|
|||||||||||
Debt
|
5,212,358
|
4,021,396
|
2,924,552
|
1,217,007
|
897,390
|
|||||||||||
Total
liabilities
|
5,291,696
|
4,136,005
|
3,010,936
|
1,288,326
|
928,637
|
|||||||||||
Common
stockholders' equity
|
815,503
|
734,215
|
476,863
|
284,241
|
310,545
|
|||||||||||
Preferred
stock
|
102,500
|
62,500
|
62,500
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||||||
Supplemental
Balance Sheet Data
|
||||||||||||||||
Common
shares outstanding
|
43,913
|
39,859
|
31,375
|
23,489
|
16,489
|
|||||||||||
Book
value per share of common stock, subsequent to
|
||||||||||||||||
initial
public offering
|
$
|
18.57
|
$
|
18.42
|
$
|
15.20
|
$
|
12.10
|
N/A
|
|||||||
|
(1) |
Represents
the operations and financial position of our
predecessor.
|
(2) |
Includes
the operations of our predecessor through the date of commencement
of our
operations, July 12,
2002.
|
-24-
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
2001
|
||||||||||||
Other
Data
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash
Flow provided by (used in):
|
||||||||||||||||
Operating
activities
|
$
|
98,763
|
$
|
90,355
|
$
|
38,454
|
$
|
21,919
|
$
|
37,255
|
||||||
Investing
activities
|
(1,334,746
|
)
|
(1,332,164
|
)
|
(1,659,026
|
)
|
(683,053
|
)
|
103,246
|
|||||||
Financing
activities
|
1,219,347
|
1,219,317
|
1,635,512
|
675,237
|
(119,716
|
)
|
||||||||||
Funds
from Operations (FFO) (1)
|
104,031
|
86,201
|
54,380
|
37,633
|
48,264
|
|||||||||||
(1)
|
We
believe FFO is one appropriate measure of the operating performance
of
real estate companies because it provides investors with information
regarding our ability to service debt and make capital expenditures.
We
also believe that FFO is an appropriate supplemental disclosure of
operating performance for a REIT due to its widespread acceptance
and use
within the REIT and analyst communities. Furthermore, FFO is used
to
compute our incentive compensation to our manager. FFO, for our purposes,
represents net income available for common stockholders (computed
in
accordance with GAAP), excluding extraordinary items, plus depreciation
of
our operating real estate, and after adjustments for unconsolidated
subsidiaries, if any. We consider gains and losses on resolution
of our
investments to be a normal part of our recurring operations and,
therefore, do not exclude such gains and losses when arriving at
FFO.
Adjustments for unconsolidated subsidiaries, if any, are calculated
to
reflect FFO on the same basis. FFO does not represent cash generated
from
operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should
not be
considered an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating
performance or as an alternative to cash flow as a measure of our
liquidity and is not necessarily indicative of cash available to
fund cash
needs. Our calculation of FFO may be different from the calculation
used
by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be
limited.
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
2001
|
||||||||||||
Calculation
of Funds From Operations (FFO):
|
||||||||||||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
$
|
51,345
|
$
|
30,333
|
$
|
41,131
|
||||||
Operating
real estate depreciation
|
702
|
2,199
|
3,035
|
7,994
|
12,909
|
|||||||||||
Accumulated
depreciation on operating real estate sold
|
(6,942
|
)
|
(8,319
|
)
|
—
|
(2,847
|
)
|
—
|
||||||||
Other-Fund
I (1)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
2,153
|
(5,776
|
)
|
||||||||||
Funds
from operations (FFO)
|
$
|
104,031
|
$
|
86,201
|
$
|
54,380
|
$
|
37,633
|
$
|
48,264
|
||||||
(1) |
Related
to an investment retained by our
predecessor.
|
-25-
The
following should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial
statements and notes thereto included in “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
General
Newcastle
Investment Corp. is a real estate investment and finance company. We invest
in
real estate securities, loans and other real estate related assets. In addition,
we consider other opportunistic investments which capitalize on our manager’s
expertise and which we believe present attractive risk/return profiles and
are
consistent with our investment guidelines. We seek to deliver stable dividends
and attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders through prudent asset
selection, active management and the use of match funded financing structures,
which reduce our interest rate and financing risks. Our objective is to maximize
the difference between the yield on our investments and the cost of financing
these investments while hedging our interest rate risk. We emphasize asset
quality, diversification, match funded financing and credit risk
management.
We
currently own a diversified portfolio of moderately credit sensitive real estate
debt investments including securities and loans. Our portfolio of real estate
securities includes commercial mortgage backed securities (CMBS), senior
unsecured debt issued by property REITs, real estate related asset backed
securities (ABS) and agency residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS).
Mortgage backed securities are interests in or obligations secured by pools
of
mortgage loans. We generally target investments rated A through BB, except
for
our agency RMBS which are generally considered AAA rated. We also own, directly
and indirectly, interests in loans and pools of loans, including real estate
related loans, commercial mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans,
manufactured housing loans and subprime residential loans. We also own, directly
and indirectly, interests in operating real estate.
We
employ
leverage in order to achieve our return objectives. We do not have a
predetermined target debt to equity ratio as we believe the appropriate leverage
for the particular assets we are financing depends on the credit quality of
those assets. As of December 31, 2005, our debt to equity ratio was
approximately 5.7 to 1. We maintain access to a broad array of capital resources
in an effort to insulate our business from potential fluctuations in the
availability of capital. We utilize multiple forms of financing including
collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), other securitizations, and term loans,
as well as short term financing in the form of repurchase agreements and our
credit facility.
We
seek
to match fund our investments with respect to interest rates and maturities
in
order to minimize the impact of interest rate fluctuations on earnings and
reduce the risk of refinancing our liabilities prior to the maturity of the
investments. We seek to finance a substantial portion of our real estate
securities and loans through the issuance of debt securities in the form of
CBOs, which are obligations issued in multiple classes secured by an underlying
portfolio of securities. Our CBO financings offer us the structural flexibility
to buy and sell certain investments to manage risk and, subject to certain
limitations, to optimize returns.
Market
Considerations
Our
ability to maintain our dividends and grow our business is dependent on our
ability to invest our capital on a timely basis at yields which exceed our
cost
of capital. The primary market factor that bears on this is credit
spread.
Generally
speaking, tightening credit spreads increase the unrealized gains on our current
investments but reduce the yields available on potential new investments, while
widening credit spreads reduce the unrealized gains on our current investments
(or cause unrealized losses) but increase the yields available on potential
new
investments.
For
the
years 2003 and 2004, credit spreads tightened to historical lows, before
widening in 2005. During this period, while new originations increased due
to a
growing commercial debt market, competition for available investments also
increased.
With
respect to new investments, this environment has caused the yield we can earn
on
certain investments to decrease. As a result of spread tightening, our related
financing costs have also decreased, partially offsetting the decrease in yield.
The net effect is that the return on equity available on certain investments
has
decreased. We continue to pursue opportunistic investments within our investment
guidelines that offer a more attractive risk adjusted return, including
investments in the residential debt market, and have experienced a trend of
increasing returns on our recent investments.
-26-
Since
the
tightening of spreads was more pronounced in fixed rate investments than in
floating rate investments, we increased our investment in floating rate assets.
Recently rising interest rates and increasing property values have contributed
to a high prepayment rate on our floating rate investments. These asset
prepayments, coupled with the proceeds from sales of investments, increase
our
uninvested cash. Tightened credit spreads and the resulting scarcity of
attractive investments have caused us to be more selective in our investment
process, which in turn has caused delays in the investment or reinvestment
of
our cash, leading to a reduction in our overall return on equity. Furthermore,
the reinvestment of proceeds from investments that prepaid or were sold has
generally been at lower yields than the yields earned on such prepaid or sold
investments due to the environment of tighter spreads.
In
addition, trends in market interest rates also affect our operations, although
to a lesser degree due to our match funded financing strategy. Interest rates
had been historically low throughout 2003 and 2004, before rising in 2005.
In
addition to the effect on prepayments as described above, recently rising
interest rates have caused the net unrealized gains on our securities and
derivatives, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, to decrease
on
a net basis, despite the tightening of spreads. Although this has no direct
impact on our results of operations, cash flows, or ability to pay a dividend,
it has reduced the amount of built in gains on our existing investments and,
therefore, our book value per share and our ability to realize gains on such
investments.
If
credit
spreads widen and interest rates continue to increase, we expect that our new
investment activities will benefit and our earnings will increase, although
our
net book value per share may decrease.
Certain
aspects of these effects are more fully described in “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Interest Rate,
Credit and Spread Risk” as well as in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
About Market Risk.”
Formation
and Organization
We
were
formed in 2002 as a subsidiary of Newcastle Investment Holdings Corp. (referred
to herein as Holdings). Prior to our initial public offering, Holdings
contributed to us certain assets and liabilities in exchange for approximately
16.5 million shares of our common stock. Our operations commenced in July 2002.
In May 2003, Holdings distributed to its stockholders all of the shares of
our
common stock that it held, and it no longer owns any of our common
equity.
The
following table presents information on shares of our common stock issued since
our formation:
Year
|
Shares
Issued
|
Range
of Issue Prices per Share (1)
|
Net
Proceeds (millions)
|
|||||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
$
|
13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
|||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
$
|
20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
|||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
$
|
26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
|||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
$
|
29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
|||||
December
31, 2005
|
43,913,409
|
|||||||||
(1) |
Excludes
prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and
shares
issued to Newcastle’s independent
directors.
|
As
of
December 31, 2005, approximately 2.9 million of our shares of common stock
were
held by an affiliate of our manager and its principals. In addition, an
affiliate of our manager held options to purchase approximately 1.2 million
shares of our common stock at December 31, 2005.
We
are
organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal
income tax purposes. As such, we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on that portion of our income that is distributed to stockholders
if
we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders by
prescribed dates and comply with various other requirements.
We
conduct our business by investing in three primary business segments: (i) real
estate securities and real estate related loans, (ii) residential mortgage
loans
and (iii) operating real estate.
Our
discontinued operations include the operations of properties which have been
sold or classified as Real Estate Held for Sale pursuant to SFAS No. 144. For
more information on these properties, see Note 6 of our consolidated financial
statements which appear in “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Net
proceeds from the sales of such properties have been redeployed to other
investments which better meet our strategic objectives.
-27-
Revenues
attributable to each segment are disclosed below (unaudited) (in
thousands).
For
the Year Ended
|
Real
Estate Securities and Real Estate Related Loans
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
Operating
Real Estate
|
Unallocated
|
Total
|
|||||||||||
December
31, 2005
|
$
|
321,889
|
$
|
48,844
|
$
|
6,772
|
$
|
708
|
$
|
378,213
|
||||||
December
31, 2004
|
$
|
225,236
|
$
|
19,135
|
$
|
4,745
|
$
|
553
|
$
|
249,669
|
||||||
December
31, 2003
|
$
|
134,348
|
$
|
12,892
|
$
|
4,264
|
$
|
580
|
$
|
152,084
|
Taxation
We
have
elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and we intend to
continue to operate in such a manner. Our current and continuing qualification
as a REIT depends on our ability to meet various tax law requirements,
including, among others, requirements relating to the sources of our income,
the
nature of our assets, the composition of our stockholders, and the timing and
amount of distributions that we make.
As
a
REIT, we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax
on
our net income that is currently distributed to stockholders. We may, however,
nevertheless be subject to certain state, local and foreign income and other
taxes, and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes and penalties in certain
situations, including taxes on our undistributed income. In addition, our
stockholders may be subject to state, local or foreign taxation in various
jurisdictions, including those in which they or we transact business or reside.
The state, local and foreign tax treatment of us and our stockholders may not
conform to the U.S. federal income tax treatment.
If,
in
any taxable year, we fail to satisfy one or more of the various tax law
requirements, we could fail to qualify as a REIT. In addition, if Newcastle
Investment Holdings failed to qualify as a REIT and we are treated as a
successor to Newcastle Investment Holdings, this could cause us to likewise
fail
to qualify as a REIT. If we fail to qualify as a REIT for a particular tax
year,
our income in that year would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax
(including any applicable alternative minimum tax), and we may need to borrow
funds or liquidate certain investments in order to pay the applicable tax,
and
we would not be compelled by the Code to make distributions. Unless entitled
to
relief under certain statutory provisions, we would also be disqualified from
treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which
qualification is lost.
Although
we currently intend to operate in a manner designed to qualify as a REIT, it
is
possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other developments may
cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT, or may cause our board of directors
to
revoke the REIT election.
-28-
Application
of Critical Accounting Policies
Management’s
discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is
based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared
in
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the use
of
estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets
and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the
reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results could differ from
these
estimates. A summary of our significant accounting policies is presented in
Note
2 to our consolidated financial statements, which appear in “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.” The following is a summary of our accounting
policies that are most effected by judgments, estimates and
assumptions.
Variable
Interest Entities
In
December 2003, Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation (“FIN”) No.
46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” was issued as a modification
of FIN 46. FIN 46R, which became effective in the first quarter of 2004,
clarified the methodology for determining whether an entity is a variable
interest entity (“VIE”) and the methodology for assessing who is the primary
beneficiary of a VIE. VIEs are defined as entities in which equity investors
do
not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not
have
sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without
additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required
to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, and only its primary beneficiary,
which is defined as the party who will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected
losses or receive a majority of the expected residual returns as a result of
holding variable interests.
To
date,
we have consolidated our existing CBO transactions (the “CBO Entities) because
we own the entire equity interest in each of them, representing a substantial
portion of their capitalization, and we control the management and resolution
of
their assets. We have determined that certain of the CBO Entities are VIEs
and
that we are the primary beneficiary of each of these VIEs and will therefore
continue to consolidate them. We have also determined that the application
of
FIN 46R did not result in a change in our accounting for any other entities
which were previously consolidated. However, it did cause us to consolidate
one
entity which was previously not consolidated, ICH CMO, as described below under
“Liquidity and Capital Resources.” We will continue to analyze future CBO
entities, as well as other investments, pursuant to the requirements of FIN
46R.
These analyses require considerable judgment in determining the primary
beneficiary of a VIE since they involve estimated probability weighting of
subjectively determined possible cash flow scenarios. The result could be the
consolidation of an entity acquired or formed in the future that would otherwise
not have been consolidated or the non-consolidation of such an entity that
would
otherwise have been consolidated.
Valuation
and Impairment of Securities
We
have
classified our real estate securities as available for sale. As such, they
are
carried at fair value with net unrealized gains or losses reported as a
component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Fair value is based
primarily upon broker quotations, as well as counterparty quotations, which
provide valuation estimates based upon reasonable market order indications
or a
good faith estimate thereof. These quotations are subject to significant
variability based on market conditions, such as interest rates and credit
spreads. Changes in market conditions, as well as changes in the assumptions
or
methodology used to determine fair value, could result in a significant increase
or decrease in our book equity. We must also assess whether unrealized losses
on
securities, if any, reflect a decline in value which is other than temporary
and, accordingly, write the impaired security down to its value through
earnings. For example, a decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary
if it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according
to
the contractual terms of a security which was not impaired at acquisition,
or if
we do not have the ability and intent to hold a security in an unrealized loss
position until its anticipated recovery (if any). Temporary declines in value
generally result from changes in market factors, such as market interest rates
and credit spreads, or from certain macroeconomic events, including market
disruptions and supply changes, which do not directly impact our ability to
collect amounts contractually due. We continually evaluate the credit status
of
each of our securities and, if necessary, the collateral supporting our
securities. This evaluation includes a review of the credit of the issuer of
the
security (if applicable), the credit rating of the security, the key terms
of
the security (including credit support), debt service coverage and loan to
value
ratios, the performance of the pool of underlying loans and the estimated value
of the collateral supporting such loans, including the effect of local, industry
and broader economic trends and factors. These factors include loan default
expectations and loss severities, which are analyzed in connection with a
particular security’s credit support, as well as prepayment rates. The result of
this evaluation is considered in relation to the amount of the unrealized loss
and the period elapsed since it was incurred. Significant judgment is required
in this analysis. To date, no such write-downs have been made.
Revenue
Recognition on Securities
Income
on
these securities is recognized using a level yield methodology based upon a
number of cash flow assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and
contingencies. Such assumptions include the rate and timing of principal and
interest receipts (which may be subject to prepayments and defaults). These
assumptions are updated on at least a quarterly basis to reflect changes related
to a particular security, actual historical data, and market changes. These
uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to
future events and economic and market conditions,
which may alter the assumptions. For securities acquired at a discount for
credit quality, the net income recognized
is based on a “loss adjusted yield” whereby a gross interest yield is recorded
to Interest Income, offset by a provision for probable, incurred credit losses
which would be accrued on a periodic basis to Provision for Credit Losses.
The
provision is determined based on an evaluation of the credit status of
securities, as described in connection with the analysis of impairment above.
A
rollforward of the provision, if any, is included in Note 4 to our consolidated
financial statements in “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
-29-
Valuation
of Derivatives
Similarly,
our derivative instruments are carried at fair value pursuant to Statement
of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS'') No. 133 "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities,'' as amended. Fair value is based on
counterparty quotations. To the extent they qualify as cash flow hedges under
SFAS No. 133, net unrealized gains or losses are reported as a component of
accumulated other comprehensive income; otherwise, they are reported currently
in income. To the extent they qualify as fair value hedges, net unrealized
gains
or losses on both the derivative and the related portion of the hedged item
are
reported currently in income. Fair values of such derivatives are subject to
significant variability based on many of the same factors as the securities
discussed above. The results of such variability could be a significant increase
or decrease in our book equity and/or earnings.
Impairment
of Loans
We
purchase, directly and indirectly, real estate related, commercial mortgage
and
residential mortgage loans, including manufactured housing loans, to be held
for
investment. We must periodically evaluate each of these loans or loan pools
for
possible impairment. Impairment is indicated when it is deemed probable that
we
will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms
of
the loan, or, for loans acquired at a discount for credit losses, when it is
deemed probable that we will be unable to collect as anticipated. Upon
determination of impairment, we would establish a specific valuation allowance
with a corresponding charge to earnings. We continually evaluate our loans
receivable for impairment. Our residential mortgage loans, including
manufactured housing loans, are aggregated into pools for evaluation based
on
like characteristics, such as loan type and acquisition date. Individual loans
are evaluated based on an analysis of the borrower’s performance, the credit
rating of the borrower, debt service coverage and loan to value ratios, the
estimated value of the underlying collateral, the key terms of the loan, and
the
effect of local, industry and broader economic trends and factors. Pools of
loans are also evaluated based on similar criteria, including trends in
defaults, delinquencies and loss severities for the type and seasoning of loans
being evaluated. This information is used to estimate specific impairment
charges on individual loans as well as provisions for estimated unidentified
incurred losses on pools of loans. Significant judgment is required both in
determining impairment and in estimating the resulting loss allowance. We have
recorded approximately $2.9 million of impairment with respect to the ICH loans
in 2005, primarily related to a single borrower who defaulted on a number of
cross-collateralized loans. In 2006, we transferred those loans out of the
securitization trust, and foreclosed on the related properties. To date, no
other impairments have been recorded.
Revenue
Recognition on Loans
Income
on
these loans is recognized similarly to that on our securities and is subject
to
similar uncertainties and contingencies, which are also analyzed on at least
a
quarterly basis. For loans acquired at a discount for credit quality, the net
income recognized is based on a “loss adjusted yield” whereby a gross interest
yield is recorded to Interest Income, offset by a provision for probable,
incurred credit losses which is accrued on a periodic basis to Provision for
Credit Losses. The provision is determined based on an evaluation of the loans
as described under “Impairment of Loans” above. We have recorded approximately
$5.5 million of provision related to our residential mortgage loan segment
in
2005. A rollforward of the provision is included in Note 5 to our consolidated
financial statements in “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
Impairment
of Operating Real Estate
We
own
operating real estate held for investment. We review our operating real estate
for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Upon determination
of impairment, we would record a write-down of the asset, which would be charged
to earnings. Significant judgment is required both in determining impairment
and
in estimating the resulting write-down. To date, we have determined that no
write-downs have been necessary on the operating real estate in our portfolio.
In addition, when operating real estate is classified as held for sale, it
must
be recorded at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less costs of
sale. Significant judgment is required in determining the fair value of such
properties. In December 2003, we classified five properties as held for sale
and
recorded a loss of $1.5 million; these properties were sold in June 2004. In
March 2004, we classified one property as held for sale, which did not result
in
a loss; this property was sold in June 2005 at a net loss of $0.7 million,
primarily due to costs associated with the sale. No other losses have been
recorded with respect to operating real estate subsequent to our initial public
offering.
-30-
Accounting
Treatment for Certain Investments Financed with Repurchase
Agreements
We
owned
$323.2 million of assets purchased from particular counterparties which are
financed via $287.5 million of repurchase agreements with the same
counterparties at December 31, 2005. Currently, we record such assets and the
related financings gross on our balance sheet, and the corresponding interest
income and interest expense gross on our income statement. In addition, if
the
asset is a security, any change in fair value is reported through other
comprehensive income (since it is considered “available for sale”).
However,
in a transaction where assets are acquired from and financed under a repurchase
agreement with the same counterparty, the acquisition may not qualify as a
sale
from the seller’s perspective; in such cases, the seller may be required to
continue to consolidate the assets sold to us, based on their “continuing
involvement” with such investments. The result is that we may be precluded from
presenting the assets gross on our balance sheet as we currently do, and may
instead be required to treat our net investment in such assets as a derivative.
If
it is
determined that these transactions should be treated as investments in
derivatives, the interest rate swaps entered into by us to hedge our interest
rate exposure with respect to these transactions would no longer qualify for
hedge accounting, but would, as the underlying asset transactions, also be
marked to market through the income statement.
This
potential change in accounting treatment does not affect the economics of the
transactions but does affect how the transactions are reported in our financial
statements. Our cash flows, our liquidity and our ability to pay a dividend
would be unchanged, and we do not believe our taxable income would be affected.
Our net income and net equity would not be materially affected. In addition,
this would not affect Newcastle’s status as a REIT or cause it to fail to
qualify for its Investment Company Act exemption. We understand that this issue
has been submitted to accounting standard setters for resolution. If we were
to
change our current accounting treatment for these transactions, our total assets
and total liabilities would each be reduced by $287.9 million and $240.4 million
at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
-31-
Results
of Operations
We
raised
a significant amount of capital in public offerings in each of these years,
resulting in additional capital being deployed to our investments which, in
turn, caused changes to our results of operations.
The
following table summarizes the changes in our results of operations from
year-to-year (dollars in thousands):
Year-to-Year
Increase
(Decrease)
|
Year-to-Year
Percent
Change
|
Explanation
|
|||||||||||||||||
2005/2004
|
|
2004/2003
|
|
2005/2004
|
|
2004/2003
|
|
2005/2004
|
|
2004/2003
|
|||||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
122,755
|
$
|
92,578
|
54.4
|
%
|
69.5
|
%
|
(1
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
|||||||
Rental
and escalation income
|
1,903
|
506
|
40.1
|
%
|
11.9
|
%
|
(2
|
)
|
(2
|
)
|
|||||||||
Gain
on sale of investments
|
1,991
|
5,135
|
10.9
|
%
|
39.0
|
%
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
|||||||||
Other
income
|
1,895
|
(634
|
)
|
222.9
|
%
|
(42.7
|
%)
|
(4
|
)
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
90,048
|
59,521
|
66.0
|
%
|
77.4
|
%
|
(1
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
|||||||||
Property
operating expense
|
(212
|
)
|
148
|
(8.2
|
%)
|
6.1
|
%
|
(2
|
)
|
(2
|
)
|
||||||||
Loan
and security servicing expense
|
2,936
|
903
|
96.0
|
%
|
41.9
|
%
|
(1
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
|||||||||
Provision
for credit losses
|
8,421
|
-
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
(5
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
(438
|
)
|
1,449
|
(9.5
|
%)
|
46.0
|
%
|
(6
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
||||||||
Management
fee to affiliate
|
2,705
|
4,152
|
25.5
|
%
|
64.2
|
%
|
(7
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
|||||||||
Incentive
compensation to affiliate
|
(332
|
)
|
1,733
|
(4.2
|
%)
|
27.8
|
%
|
(7
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
190
|
46
|
42.1
|
%
|
11.4
|
%
|
(8
|
)
|
(8
|
)
|
|||||||||
Equity
in earnings of
|
|||||||||||||||||||
unconsolidated
subsidiaries, net of taxes on related taxable subsidiaries
|
(4,348
|
)
|
9,095
|
(43.7
|
%)
|
1,055.1
|
%
|
(9
|
)
|
(9
|
)
|
||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
$
|
20,878
|
$
|
38,728
|
22.2
|
%
|
70.1
|
%
|
(1)
|
Changes
in interest income and expense are primarily due to our acquisition
during
these periods of interest bearing
assets and related financings, as
follows
|
Year-to-Year
Increase
|
||||||||||
Interest
Income
|
Interest
Expense
|
|||||||||
2005/2004
|
2005/2004
|
|||||||||
Real
estate security and loan portfolios (A)
|
$
|
61,251
|
$
|
48,213
|
||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
18,350
|
16,981
|
||||||||
Residential
mortgage loan portfolio
|
1,147
|
5,727
|
||||||||
Manufactured
housing loan portfolio
|
27,717
|
13,164
|
||||||||
Other
real estate related loans
|
20,878
|
3,809
|
||||||||
Other
(B)
|
3,181
|
7,023
|
||||||||
ABS
- manufactured housing portfolio (C)
|
(2,777
|
)
|
(426
|
)
|
||||||
ICH
loan portfolio (C)
|
(3,963
|
)
|
(3,655
|
)
|
||||||
Other
real estate related loans (C)
|
(3,029
|
)
|
(788
|
)
|
||||||
$
|
122,755
|
$
|
90,048
|
|||||||
(A)
Represents our third through our eighth CBO financings and the
acquisition
of the
|
||||||||||
related
collateral.
|
||||||||||
(B)
Primarily due to increasing interest rates on floating rate assets
and
liabilities owned
|
||||||||||
during
the entire period.
|
||||||||||
(C)
These loans received paydowns during the period which served
to offset the
|
||||||||||
amounts
listed above.
|
Year-to-Year
Increase
|
||||||||||
Interest
Income
|
Interest
Expense
|
|||||||||
2004/2003
|
2004/2003
|
|||||||||
Real
estate security and loan portfolios (A)
|
$
|
43,682
|
$
|
31,856
|
||||||
ABS
- manufactured housing portfolio
|
14,211
|
4,824
|
||||||||
Residential
mortgage loan portfolio
|
7,113
|
4,701
|
||||||||
ICH
loan portfolio
|
13,870
|
11,878
|
||||||||
Other
real estate related loans
|
9,332
|
3,528
|
||||||||
Other
(B)
|
4,370
|
2,734
|
||||||||
$
|
92,578
|
$
|
59,521
|
|||||||
(A)
Represents our second through our seventh CBO financings and
the
acquisition of the
|
||||||||||
related
collateral.
|
||||||||||
(B)
Primarily due to increasing interest rates on floating rate assets
and
liabilities owned
|
||||||||||
during
the entire period.
|
Changes
in loan and security servicing expense are also primarily due to these
acquisitions.
-32-
(2)
|
These
changes are primarily the result of the effect of the termination
of a
lease (including the acceleration of lease termination income), offset
by
foreign currency fluctuations.
|
(3)
|
These
changes are primarily a result of the volume of sales of real estate
securities. Sales of real estate securities are based on a number
of
factors including credit, asset type and industry and can be expected
to
increase or decrease from time to time. Periodic fluctuations in
the
volume of sales of securities is dependent upon, among other things,
management's assessment of credit risk, asset concentration, portfolio
balance and other factors.
|
(4) |
The
increase from 2004 to 2005 is primarily the result of recent investments
in total return swaps which are treated
as non-hedge derivatives and marked to market through the income
statement.
|
(5)
|
The
increase from 2004 to 2005 is primarily the result of the acquisition
of
manufactured housing and residential mortgage loan pools at a discount
for
credit quality and $2.9 million of impairment recorded with respect
to the
ICH loans in 2005.
|
(6)
|
The
changes in general and administrative expense are primarily increases
as a
result of our increased size, resulting from our equity issuances
during
the periods presented, offset by decreases in insurance and professional
fees. Professional fees increased in 2004 due to the initial adoption
of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, then decreased in 2005 as a result
of cost
savings in the second year of
adoption.
|
(7) |
The
increases in management fees are a result of our increased size resulting
from our equity issuances during these periods. The changes in incentive
compensation are primarily a result of our increased earnings, offset
by
FFO losses recorded with respect to the sale of properties during
these
periods.
|
(8) |
The
increase in depreciation is primarily due to the acquisition of new
information systems.
|
(9)
|
The
changes in earnings from unconsolidated subsidiaries are primarily
a
result of our late 2003 acquisition of an interest in an LLC which
owns a
portfolio of real estate related loans and our early 2004 acquisition
of
an interest in an LLC which owns a portfolio of convenience and retail
gas
stores, offset by the fact that a significant portion of the latter
portfolio, which was held for sale from the date it was acquired,
was sold
during these periods. Note that the amounts shown are net of income
taxes
on related taxable subsidiaries.
|
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Liquidity
is a measurement of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including
ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain investments, and
other general business needs. Additionally, to maintain our status as a REIT
under the Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable
income. Our primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of net cash provided
by operating activities, borrowings under loans, and the issuance of debt and
equity securities. Additional sources of liquidity include investments that
are
readily saleable prior to their maturity. Our debt obligations are generally
secured directly by our investment assets.
We
expect
that our cash on hand and our cash flow provided by operations, as well as
our
credit facility, will satisfy our liquidity needs with respect to our current
investment portfolio over the next twelve months. However, we currently expect
to seek additional capital in order to grow our investment portfolio. We have
an
effective shelf registration statement with the SEC which allows us to issue
various types of securities, such as common stock, preferred stock, depository
shares, debt securities and warrants, from time to time, up to an aggregate
of
$750 million, of which approximately $311 million remained available as of
December 31, 2005.
We
expect
to meet our long term liquidity requirements, specifically the repayment of
our
debt obligations, through additional borrowings and the liquidation or
refinancing of our assets at maturity. We believe that the value of these assets
is, and will continue to be, sufficient to repay our debt at maturity under
either scenario. Our ability to meet our long term liquidity requirements
relating to capital required for the growth of our investment portfolio is
subject to obtaining additional equity and debt financing. Decisions by
investors and lenders to enter into such transactions with us will depend upon
a
number of factors, such as our historical and projected financial performance,
compliance with the terms of our current credit arrangements, industry and
market trends, the availability of capital and our investors’ and lenders’
policies and rates applicable thereto, and the relative attractiveness of
alternative investment or lending opportunities. We maintain access to a broad
array of capital resources in an effort to insulate our business from potential
fluctuations in the availability of capital.
Our
ability to execute our business strategy, particularly the growth of our
investment portfolio, depends to a significant degree on our ability to obtain
additional capital. Our core business strategy is dependent upon our ability
to
finance our real estate securities and other real estate related assets with
match funded debt at rates that provide a positive net spread. If spreads for
such liabilities widen or if demand for such liabilities ceases to exist, then
our ability to execute future financings will be severely restricted.
Furthermore, in an environment where spreads are tightening, if spreads tighten
on the assets we purchase to a greater degree than they tighten on the
liabilities we issue, our net spread will be reduced.
-33-
We
expect
to meet our short term liquidity requirements generally through our cash flow
provided by operations and our credit facility, as well as investment specific
borrowings. In addition, at December 31, 2005, we had an unrestricted cash
balance of $21.3 million and an undrawn balance of $55.0 million on our credit
facility. Our cash flow provided by operations differs from our net income
due
to five primary factors: (i) accretion of discount or premium on our real estate
securities and loans (including the accrual of interest and fees payable at
maturity), discount on our debt obligations, deferred financing costs and
interest rate cap premiums, and deferred hedge gains and losses, (ii) gains
and
losses from sales of assets financed with CBOs, (iii) depreciation and
straight-lined rental income of our operating real estate, (iv) the provision
for credit losses recorded in connection with our loan assets, and (v)
unrealized gains or losses on our non-hedge derivatives, particularly our total
return swaps and our warehouse agreements, as described below. Proceeds from
the
sale of assets which serve as collateral for our CBO financings, including
gains
thereon, are required to be retained in the CBO structure until the related
bonds are retired and are therefore not available to fund current cash
needs.
Our
match
funded investments are financed long term and their credit status is
continuously monitored; therefore, these investments are expected to generate
a
generally stable current return, subject to limited interest rate fluctuations.
See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk — Interest Rate
Exposure'' below. Our remaining investments, generally financed with short
term
repurchase agreements, are also subject to refinancing risk upon the maturity
of
the related debt. See “Debt Obligations” below.
With
respect to our operating real estate, we expect to incur expenditures of
approximately $4.1 million relating to tenant improvements in connection with
the inception of leases and capital expenditures during the year ending December
31, 2006.
With
respect to one of our real estate related loans, we were committed to fund
up to
an additional $11.9 million at December 31, 2005, subject to certain conditions
to be met by the borrower.
As
described below, under “Interest Rate, Credit and Spread Risk,” we are subject
to margin calls in connection with our assets financed with repurchase
agreements. We do not expect these potential margin calls to materially affect
our financial condition or results of operations.
-34-
Debt
Obligations
The
following table presents certain information regarding our debt obligations
and
related hedges as of December 31, 2005 (unaudited) (dollars in
thousands):
Debt
Obligation/Collateral
|
Month
Issued
|
Current
Face Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Unhedged
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
|
Final
Stated Maturity
|
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
(1)
|
Weighted
Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating Rate Debt
|
Collateral
Carrying
Value
|
Collateral
Weighted Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating Rate Collateral
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
of
Current
Hedges
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
CBO
Bonds Payable
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Jul
1999
|
$
|
426,653
|
$
|
423,191
|
5.67%
(2)
|
|
Jul
2038
|
4.89
|
%
|
3.18
|
$
|
331,653
|
$
|
562,803
|
5.01
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
262,732
|
|||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2002
|
444,000
|
441,054
|
5.43%
(2)
|
|
Apr
2037
|
6.56
|
%
|
4.46
|
372,000
|
498,998
|
5.61
|
56,526
|
290,000
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2003
|
472,000
|
468,413
|
5.46%
(2
|
|
Mar
2038
|
5.08
|
%
|
6.30
|
427,800
|
516,042
|
5.25
|
142,775
|
276,060
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2003
|
460,000
|
455,657
|
5.16%
(2)
|
|
Sep
2038
|
5.38
|
%
|
6.85
|
442,500
|
506,290
|
4.71
|
180,598
|
192,500
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2004
|
414,000
|
410,511
|
5.15%
(2)
|
|
Mar
2039
|
4.94
|
%
|
6.61
|
382,750
|
444,037
|
5.27
|
214,876
|
165,300
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2004
|
454,500
|
450,639
|
5.09%
(2)
|
|
Sep
2039
|
5.03
|
%
|
7.19
|
442,500
|
494,099
|
5.80
|
221,569
|
189,373
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2005
|
447,000
|
442,379
|
4.85%
(2)
|
|
Apr
2040
|
5.10
|
%
|
8.17
|
439,600
|
481,954
|
6.54
|
193,471
|
243,337
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Dec
2005
|
442,800
|
438,540
|
4.83%
(2)
|
|
Dec
2050
|
5.14
|
%
|
9.53
|
436,800
|
497,935
|
8.49
|
97,349
|
341,506
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
3,560,953
|
3,530,384
|
|
|
5.27
|
%
|
6.55
|
3,275,603
|
4,002,158
|
5.86
|
1,107,164
|
1,960,808
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other
Bonds Payable
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ICH
loans (3)
|
(3)
|
|
141,311
|
141,311
|
6.68%
(2)
|
|
Aug
2030
|
6.68
|
%
|
1.46
|
3,605
|
161,288
|
1.55
|
3,605
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans (4)
|
Jan
2005
|
212,019
|
212,019
|
LIBOR
+1.25%
|
|
Jan
2006(7)
|
|
5.45
|
%
|
0.08
|
212,019
|
267,456
|
5.78
|
6,356
|
227,576
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
353,330
|
353,330
|
|
|
5.94
|
%
|
0.63
|
215,624
|
428,744
|
4.23
|
9,961
|
227,576
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans (4)
|
Nov
2004
|
260,441
|
260,441
|
LIBOR+0.16%
|
|
Nov
2007
|
4.70
|
%
|
1.21
|
260,441
|
288,683
|
2.69
|
282,589
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
260,441
|
260,441
|
|
|
4.70
|
%
|
1.21
|
260,441
|
288,683
|
2.69
|
282,589
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements (4) (10)
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
Rolling
|
41,853
|
41,853
|
LIBOR
+ 0.43%
|
|
Mar
2006
|
4.95
|
%
|
0.25
|
41,853
|
44,543
|
2.98
|
43,511
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS (5)
|
Rolling
|
671,526
|
671,526
|
LIBOR
+ 0.13%
|
|
Jan
2006
|
4.48
|
%
|
0.08
|
671,526
|
692,486
|
4.90
|
-
|
665,965
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Rolling
|
149,546
|
149,546
|
LIBOR
+ 0.58%
|
|
Various
(8)
|
|
4.65
|
%
|
0.16
|
149,546
|
166,737
|
5.86
|
31,450
|
89,403
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loans
|
Rolling
|
185,278
|
185,278
|
LIBOR
+ 1.01%
|
|
Various
(8)
|
|
5.38
|
%
|
0.08
|
185,278
|
266,669
|
1.82
|
266,630
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
1,048,203
|
1,048,203
|
|
|
4.68
|
%
|
0.10
|
1,048,203
|
1,170,435
|
4.29
|
341,591
|
755,368
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit
facility (6)
|
20,000
|
20,000
|
LIBOR
+2.50% (9)
|
|
Jul
2008
|
6.86
|
%
|
2.55
|
20,000
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt obligations
|
$
|
5,242,927
|
$
|
5,212,358
|
|
5.17
|
%
|
4.59
|
$
|
4,819,871
|
$
|
5,890,020
|
5.27
|
$
|
1,741,305
|
$
|
2,943,752
|
||||||||||||||||||||
(1)
Including the effect of applicable hedges.
|
(2)
Weighted average, including floating and fixed rate
classes.
|
(3)
See "Business-Our Investing Activities-Real Estate Related Loans"
above.
|
(4)
Subject to potential mandatory prepayments based on collateral
value.
|
(5)
A maximum of $1 billion is available until November
2006.
|
(6)
A maximum of $100 million can be drawn (increased from $75 million
in
February 2006).
|
(7)
This financing was replaced with a new term financing in January
2006; the
new maturity date is January 2009.
|
(8)
The longest maturity is March 2006.
|
(9)
In addition, unused commitment fees of between 0.125% and 0.250%
are
paid.
|
(10)
The counterparties on our repurchase agreements include: Bank
of America
Securities LLC ($693.4 million), Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital
Corporation
($181.1 million), Greenwich Capital Markets Inc ($72.2 million),
Deutsche
Bank AG ($58.1 million), and other ($43.4
million).
|
-35-
Our
debt
obligations existing at December 31, 2005 (gross of $30.6 million of discounts)
have contractual maturities as follows (unaudited) (in millions):
2006
|
$
|
1,260,222
|
||
2007
|
260,441
|
|||
2008
|
20,000
|
|||
2009
|
-
|
|||
2010
|
-
|
|||
Thereafter
|
3,702,264
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
5,242,927
|
Certain
of the debt obligations included above are obligations of our consolidated
subsidiaries which own the related collateral. In some cases, including the
CBO
and Other Bonds Payable, such collateral is not available to other creditors
of
ours.
In
November 2001, we sold the retained subordinated $17.5 million Class E Note
from
our first CBO to a third party. The sale of the Class E Note represented an
issuance of debt and was recorded as additional CBO bonds payable. In April
2002, a wholly owned subsidiary of ours repurchased the Class E Note. The
repurchase of the Class E Note represented a repayment of debt and was recorded
as a reduction of CBO bonds payable. The Class E Note is included in the
collateral for our second CBO. The Class E Note is eliminated in consolidation.
Two
classes of separately issued CBO bonds, with an aggregate $718.0 million face
amount, were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related agreements
whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis. $395.0 million
of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect to the timely
payment of interest and principal thereon.
In
October 2003, pursuant to FIN No. 46R, we consolidated an entity which holds
a
portfolio of commercial mortgage loans which has been securitized. This
investment, which we refer to as ICH, was previously treated as a
non-consolidated residual interest in such securitization. The primary effect
of
the consolidation is the requirement that we reflect the gross loan assets
and
gross bonds payable of this entity in our financial statements.
In
July
2004, we refinanced $342.5 million of the AAA and AA bonds in our first CBO.
$322.5 million of AAA bonds were refinanced at LIBOR + 0.30% from LIBOR + 0.65%
and $20.0 million of AA bonds were refinanced at LIBOR + 0.50% from LIBOR +
0.80%.
In
November 2005, Moody’s Investors Service upgraded the credit ratings on the
non-AAA classes of bonds within our first CBO by one to two notches.
Our
debt
obligations contain various customary loan covenants. Such covenants do not,
in
management’s opinion, materially restrict our investment strategy or ability to
raise capital. We are in compliance with all of our loan covenants as of
December 31, 2005.
In
March
2006, a consolidated subsidiary of ours acquired a portfolio of approximately
11,300 subprime residential mortgage loans for $1.50 billion. The loans,
substantially all of which were current at the time of acquisition, are 66%
floating rate and 34% fixed rate. Their weighted average coupon is 7.6% and
the
loans have a weighted average remaining term of 345 months. This acquisition
was
initially funded with an approximately $1.47 billion repurchase agreement which
bears interest at LIBOR + 0.50%. We have entered into an interest rate swap
in
order to hedge our exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates
with
respect to this debt. We expect to finance this investment on a long term basis
through the securitization markets in upcoming months.
-36-
Other
We
have
entered into arrangements with a major investment bank to finance certain loans
whereby we receive the sum of all interest, fees and any positive change in
value amounts (the total return cash flows) from a reference asset with a
specified notional amount, and pay interest on such notional plus any negative
change in value amounts from such asset. These agreements are recorded in
Derivative Assets and treated as non-hedge derivatives for accounting purposes
and are therefore marked to market through income. Net interest received is
recorded to Interest Income and the mark to market is recorded to Other Income.
If we owned the reference assets directly, they would not be marked to market.
Under the agreements, Newcastle is required to post an initial margin deposit
to
an interest bearing account and additional margin may be payable in the event
of
a decline in value of the reference asset. Any margin on deposit, less any
negative change in value amounts, will be returned to us upon termination of
the
contract. The following table presents information on these instruments as
of
December 31, 2005.
Reference
Asset
|
Notional
Amount
|
Margin
Amount
|
Receive
Interest
Rate
|
Pay
Interest
Rate
|
Maturity
Date
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||||||
Term
loan to a retail mall REIT
|
$
|
106,083
|
$
|
18,149
|
LIBOR
+
2.000% |
|
LIBOR
+
0.500% |
|
Nov
2008
|
$
|
1,008
|
||||||||
Term
loan to a diversified real estate
and finance company
|
97,997
|
19,599
|
LIBOR
+
3.000% |
|
LIBOR
+
0.625% |
|
Feb
2008
|
877
|
|||||||||||
Mezzanine
loan to a hotel
company
|
15,000
|
5,224
|
LIBOR
+
4.985% |
|
LIBOR
+
1.350% |
|
Jun
2007
|
101
|
|||||||||||
Term
loan to a diversified real estate
company
|
94,954
|
9,495
|
LIBOR
+
1.750% |
|
LIBOR
+
0.500% |
|
Aug
2007
|
904
|
|||||||||||
Term
loan to a retail company
|
100,000
|
19,960
|
LIBOR
+
3.000% |
|
LIBOR
+
0.500% |
|
Dec
2008
|
206
|
|||||||||||
$
|
414,034
|
$
|
72,427
|
$
|
3,096
|
We
enter
into short term warehouse agreements pursuant to which we make deposits with
major investment banks for the right to purchase commercial mortgage backed
securities, unsecured REIT debt, real estate related loans and real estate
related asset backed securities for our real estate securities portfolios,
prior
to their being financed with CBOs. These agreements are treated as non-hedge
derivatives for accounting purposes and are therefore marked to market through
current income. The cost to us if the related CBO is not consummated is limited,
except where the non-consummation results from our gross negligence, willful
misconduct or breach of contract, to payment of the Net Loss, if any, as
defined, up to the related deposit, less any Excess Carry Amount, as defined,
earned on such deposit. The income recorded on these agreements was
approximately $2.4 million, $3.1 million and $3.6 million in 2005, 2004 and
2003, respectively.
Stockholders’
Equity
Common
Stock
The
following table presents information on shares of our common stock issued since
our formation.
Year
|
Shares
Issued
|
Range
of Issue Prices per Share (1)
|
Net
Proceeds (millions)
|
Options
Granted to Manager
|
|||||||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
$
|
13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
700,000
|
|||||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
$
|
20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
788,227
|
|||||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
$
|
26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
837,500
|
|||||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
$
|
29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
330,000
|
|||||||
December
31, 2005
|
43,913,409
|
(1)
|
Excludes
prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and
shares
issued to our independent
directors.
|
-37-
Through
December 31, 2005, our manager had assigned, for no value, options to purchase
approximately 0.8 million shares of our common stock to certain of our manager’s
employees, of which approximately 0.2 million had been exercised. In addition,
our manager had exercised 0.7 million of its options.
As
of
December 31, 2005, our outstanding options had a weighted average strike price
of $25.14 and were summarized as follows:
Held
by our manager
|
1,170,317
|
|||
Issued
to our manager and subsequently assigned to
certain of our manager's employees
|
627,490
|
|||
Held
by directors and former directors
|
14,000
|
|||
Total
|
1,811,807
|
Preferred
Stock
In
March
2003, we issued 2.5 million shares ($62.5 million face amount) of 9.75% Series
B
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred”). In October
2005, we issued 1.6 million shares ($40.0 million face amount) of 8.05% Series
C
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred”). The Series B
Preferred and Series C Preferred have a $25 liquidation preference, no maturity
date and no mandatory redemption. We have the option to redeem the Series B
Preferred beginning in March 2008 and the Series C Preferred beginning in
October 2010.
-38-
Other
Comprehensive Income
During
the year ended December 31, 2005, our accumulated other comprehensive income
increased due to the following
factors (in thousands):
Accumulated
other comprehensive income, December 31, 2004
|
$
|
71,770
|
||
Net
unrealized (loss) on securities
|
(67,077
|
)
|
||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
(16,015
|
)
|
||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(1,089
|
)
|
||
Reclassification
of net realized foreign currency translation into earnings
|
(626
|
)
|
||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
56,426
|
|||
Reclassification
of net realized loss on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges into earnings
|
2,175
|
|||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income, December 31, 2005
|
$
|
45,564
|
Our
book
equity changes as our real estate securities portfolio and derivatives are
marked to market each quarter, among other factors. The primary causes of mark
to market changes are changes in interest rates and credit spreads. During
the
year, the combination of widening credit spreads and increasing interest rates
has resulted in a net decrease in unrealized gains on our real estate securities
portfolio. We believe that our ongoing investment activities benefit in general
from an environment of widening credit spreads and increasing interest rates.
While such an environment will likely result in a decrease in the fair value
of
our existing securities portfolio and therefore reduce our book equity and
ability to realize gains on such existing securities, it would not directly
affect our earnings or our cash flow or our ability to pay
dividends.
Common
Dividends Paid
Declared
for the Period Ended
|
Paid
|
Amount
Per Share
|
||
March
31, 2003
|
April
2003
|
$0.450
|
||
June
30, 2003
|
July
2003
|
$0.500
|
||
September
30, 2003
|
October
2003
|
$0.500
|
||
December
31, 2003
|
January
2004
|
$0.500
|
||
March
31, 2004
|
April
2004
|
$0.600
|
||
June
30, 2004
|
July
2004
|
$0.600
|
||
September
30, 2004
|
October
2004
|
$0.600
|
||
December
31, 2004
|
January
2005
|
$0.625
|
||
March
31, 2005
|
April
2005
|
$0.625
|
||
June
30, 2005
|
July
2005
|
$0.625
|
||
September
30, 2005
|
October
2005
|
$0.625
|
||
December
31, 2005
|
January
2006
|
$0.625
|
Cash
Flow
Net
cash
flow provided by operating activities increased from $90.4 million for the
year
ended December 31, 2004 to $98.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2005.
It increased from $38.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 to $90.4
million for the year ended December 31, 2004. These changes resulted from the
acquisition and settlement of our investments as described above.
Investing
activities used ($1,334.7 million), ($1,332.2 million) and ($1,659.0 million)
during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Investing
activities consisted primarily of the investments made in real estate securities
and loans, net of proceeds from the sale or settlement of
investments.
Financing
activities provided $1,219.3 million, $1,219.3 million and $1,635.5 million
during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The
equity issuances, borrowings and debt issuances described above served as the
primary sources of cash flow from financing activities. Offsetting uses included
the payment of related
deferred financing costs, the purchase of hedging instruments, the payment
of
dividends, and the repayment of debt as described above.
See
the
consolidated statements of cash flows in our consolidated financial statements
included in “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a reconciliation
of our cash position for the periods described herein.
-39-
Interest
Rate, Credit and Spread Risk
We
are
subject to interest rate, credit and spread risk with respect to our
investments.
Our
primary interest rate exposures relate to our real estate securities, loans
and
floating rate debt obligations, as well as our interest rate swaps and caps.
Changes in the general level of interest rates can effect our net interest
income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on
interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with
our
interest-bearing liabilities and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates
also can effect, among other things, our ability to acquire real estate
securities and loans at attractive prices, the value of our real estate
securities, loans and derivatives, and our ability to realize gains from the
sale of such assets.
Our
general financing strategy focuses on the use of match funded structures. This
means that we seek to match the maturities of our debt obligations with the
maturities of our investments to minimize the risk that we have to refinance
our
liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets, and to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings. In addition, we generally match fund
interest rates on our investments with like-kind debt (i.e., fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt and floating rate assets are financed with
floating rate debt), directly or through the use of interest rate swaps, caps
or
other financial instruments, or through a combination of these strategies,
which
allows us to reduce the impact of changing interest rates on our earnings.
See
“Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk - Interest Rate
Exposure” below.
Real
Estate Securities
Interest
rate changes may also impact our net book value as our real estate securities
and related hedge derivatives are marked to market each quarter. Our loan
investments and debt obligations are not marked to market. Generally, as
interest rates increase, the value of our fixed rate securities decreases,
and
as interest rates decrease, the value of such securities will increase. In
general, we would expect that over time, decreases in the value of our real
estate securities portfolio attributable to interest rate changes will be offset
to some degree by increases in the value of our swaps, and vice versa. However,
the relationship between spreads on securities and spreads on swaps may vary
from time to time, resulting in a net aggregate book value increase or decline.
Our real estate securities portfolio is largely financed to maturity through
long term CBO financings that are not redeemable as a result of book value
changes. Accordingly, unless there is a material impairment in value that would
result in a payment not being received on a security, changes in the book value
of our securities portfolio will not directly affect our recurring earnings
or
our ability to pay dividends.
The
commercial mortgage and
asset
backed securities we invest in are generally junior in right of payment of
interest and principal to one or more senior classes, but benefit from the
support of one or more subordinate classes of securities or other form of credit
support within a securitization transaction. The senior unsecured REIT debt
securities we invest in reflect comparable credit risk. Credit risk refers
to
each individual borrower’s ability to make required interest and principal
payments on the scheduled due dates. We believe, based on our due diligence
process, that these securities offer attractive risk-adjusted returns with
long
term principal protection under a variety of default and loss scenarios. While
the expected yield on these securities is sensitive to the performance of the
underlying assets, the more subordinated securities or other features of the
securitization transaction, in the case of commercial mortgage and asset backed
securities, and the issuer’s underlying equity and subordinated debt, in the
case of senior unsecured REIT debt securities, are designed to bear the first
risk of default and loss. We further minimize credit risk by actively monitoring
our real estate securities and loan portfolio and the underlying credit quality
of our holdings and, where appropriate, repositioning our investments to upgrade
the credit quality on our investments. While we have not experienced any
significant credit losses, in the event of a significant rising interest rate
environment and/or economic downturn, loan and collateral defaults may increase
and result in credit losses that would adversely affect our liquidity and
operating results.
Our
real
estate securities are also subject to spread risk. Our fixed rate securities
are
valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate
U.S.
Treasuries of like maturity. In other words, their value is dependent on the
yield demanded on such securities by the market based on their credit relative
to U.S. Treasuries. Excessive supply
of
such securities combined with reduced demand will generally cause the market
to
require a higher yield on such securities, resulting in the use of a higher
(or
“wider”) spread over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury
security yield) to value such securities. Under such conditions, the value
of
our real estate securities portfolio would tend to decline. Conversely, if
the
spread used to value such securities were to decrease (or “tighten”), the value
of our real estate securities portfolio would tend to increase. Our floating
rate securities are valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are
effected similarly by changes in LIBOR spreads. Such changes in the market
value
of our real estate securities portfolio may effect our net equity, net income
or
cash flow directly through their impact on the amount of unrealized gains or
losses on available-for-sale securities, and therefore on our ability to realize
gains on such securities, or indirectly through their impact on our ability
to
borrow and access capital. If the value of our securities subject to repurchase
agreements were to decline, it could affect our ability to refinance such
securities upon the maturity of the related repurchase agreements, adversely
impacting our rate of return on such securities. See “Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Credit Spread Exposure”
below.
-40-
Furthermore,
shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve, which represents the market’s
expectations of future interest rates, would also effect the yield required
on
our real estate securities and therefore their value. This would have similar
effects on our real estate securities portfolio and our financial position
and
operations to a change in spreads.
Loans
Similar
to our real estate securities portfolio, we are subject to credit and spread
risk with respect to our real estate related commercial mortgage and residential
mortgage loan portfolios. However, unlike our real estate securities portfolio,
our loans generally do not benefit from the support of junior classes of
securities, but rather bear the first risk of default and loss. We believe
that
this credit risk is mitigated through our due diligence process and continual
reviews of the borrower’s payment history, delinquency status, and the
relationship of the loan balance to the underlying property value.
Our
loan
portfolios are also subject to spread risk. Our floating rate loans are valued
based on a market credit spread to LIBOR. The value of these loans is dependent
upon the yield demanded by the market based on their credit relative to LIBOR.
The value of our floating rate loans would tend to decline should the market
require a higher yield on such loans, resulting in the use of a higher spread
over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable LIBOR yield). Our fixed rate
loans are valued based on a market credit spread over U.S. Treasuries and are
effected similarly by changes in U.S. Treasury spreads. If the value of our
loans subject to repurchase agreements were to decline, it could affect our
ability to refinance such loans upon the maturity of the related repurchase
agreements.
Any
credit or spread losses incurred with respect to our loan portfolios would
affect us in the same way as similar losses on our real estate securities
portfolio as described above, except that our loan portfolios are not marked
to
market. Accordingly, unless there is a material impairment in value that would
result in a payment not being received on a loan, changes in the value of our
loan portfolio will not directly affect our recurring earnings or our ability
to
pay dividends.
Statistics
Total
Portfolio (1)
|
Core
Investment Portfolio (2)
|
||||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
||||||||||||
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|||||||
Face
amount
|
$
|
6,111,464
|
$
|
4,493,274
|
$
|
5,413,142
|
$
|
4,294,092
|
|||||
Percentage
of total assets
|
99
|
%
|
91
|
%
|
87
|
%
|
87
|
%
|
|||||
Weighted
average asset yield
|
6.59
|
%
|
5.91
|
%
|
6.85
|
%
|
5.98
|
%
|
|||||
Weighted
average liability cost
|
5.12
|
%
|
4.15
|
%
|
5.22
|
%
|
4.17
|
%
|
|||||
Weighted
average net spread
|
1.47
|
%
|
1.76
|
%
|
1.63
|
%
|
1.81
|
%
|
|||||
(1)
Excluding the ICH loans, as described in "Business - Our
Strategy."
|
||||||||
(2)
Excluding the ICH loans and Agency RMBS, as described in "Business
- Our
Strategy."
|
As
of
December 31, 2005, our core investment portfolio (as defined above) had an
overall weighted average credit rating of approximately BB+, and approximately
67% had an investment grade rating (BBB- or higher).
Our
real
estate securities and loan portfolios are diversified by asset type, industry,
location and issuer. At December 31, 2005, our core investment portfolio (as
defined above) had 534 real estate securities and loans. The largest investment
in our core investment portfolio was $138.8 million and its average investment
size was $9.0 million at December 31, 2005. The weighted average credit spread
on this portfolio (i.e. the yield premium on our investments over the comparable
U.S. Treasury rate or LIBOR) was 2.61% as of December 31, 2005. Furthermore,
our
real estate securities are supported by pools of underlying loans. For instance,
our CMBS investments had over 21,000 underlying loans at December 31, 2005.
We
expect that this diversification helps to minimize the risk of capital loss,
and
will also enhance the terms of our financing structures.
At
December 31, 2005,
our
residential mortgage loan portfolio was characterized by high credit quality
borrowers with a weighted average FICO score of 712 at origination. As of
December 31, 2005, approximately $282.6 million face amount of our residential
mortgage loans were held in securitized form, of which over 90% of the principal
balance was AAA rated.
Our
loan
portfolios are diversified by geographic location and by borrower. Our
residential and manufactured housing loans were well diversified with 919 loans
and 7,067 loans, respectively, at December 31, 2005. We believe that this
diversification also helps to minimize the risk of capital loss.
Margin
Certain
of our investments are financed through repurchase agreements or total return
swaps which are subject to margin calls based on the value of such investments.
Margin calls resulting from decreases in value related to rising interest rates
are substantially offset by our ability to make margin calls on our interest
rate derivatives. We maintain adequate cash reserves or availability on our
credit facility to meet any margin calls resulting from decreases in value
related to a reasonably possible (in the opinion of management) widening of
credit spreads. Funding a margin call on our credit facility would have a
dilutive effect on our earnings, however we would not expect this to be
material.
-41-
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
As
of
December 31, 2005, we had no material off-balance sheet
arrangements.
We
did
have the following arrangements which do not meet the definition of off balance
sheet arrangements, but do have some of the characteristics of off balance
sheet
arrangements.
We
are
party to total return swaps which are treated as non-hedge derivatives. For
further information on these investments, see “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and
Capital Resources.”
We
also
have made investments in two unconsolidated subsidiaries. See Note 3 to our
consolidated financial statements in “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
In
each
case, our exposure to loss is limited to the carrying value of our
investment.
Contractual
Obligations
As
of
December 31, 2005, we had the following material contractual obligations
(payments in thousands):
Contract
|
Terms
|
|
CBO
bonds payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Other
bonds payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Notes
payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Repurchase
agreements
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Credit
facility
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Non-hedge
derivative obligations
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
CBO
wrap agreement
|
Two
classes of our CBO bonds, with an aggregate $718.0 million face amount,
were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related agreements
whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis. $395.0
million of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect
to
the timely payment of interest and principal thereon, pursuant to
a
financial guaranty insurance policy (“wrap”). We pay annual fees of 0.12%
of the outstanding face amount of the bonds under this
agreement.
|
|
CBO
backstop agreements
|
In
connection with the remarketing procedures described above, backstop
agreements have been created whereby a third party financial institution
is required to purchase
the $718.0 million face amount of bonds at the end of any remarketing
period if such bonds could not be resold in the market by the remarketing
agent. We pay annual fees between 0.15% and 0.20% of the outstanding
face
amount of such bonds under these agreements.
|
|
CBO
remarketing agreements
|
In
connection with the remarketing procedures described above, the
remarketing agent is paid an annual fee of 0.05% of the outstanding
face
amount of the bonds under the remarketing agreements.
|
|
Loan
servicing agreements
|
We
are a party to servicing agreements with respect to our residential
mortgage loans, including manufactured housing loans, and our ICH
loans.
We pay annual fees generally equal to 0.38% of the outstanding face
amount
of the residential mortgage loans, 1.00% of the outstanding face
amount of
the manufactured housing loans, and approximately 0.11% of the outstanding
face amount of the ICH loans under these agreements.
|
|
Contract
|
Terms
|
|
Trustee
agreements
|
We
have entered into trustee agreements in connection with our securitized
investments, primarily our CBOs. We pay annual fees of between 0.015%
and
0.020% of the outstanding face amount of the CBO bonds under these
agreements.
|
|
Management
agreement
|
Our
manager is paid an annual management fee of 1.5% of our gross equity,
as
defined, an expense reimbursement, and incentive compensation equal
to 25%
of our FFO above a certain threshold. For more information on this
agreement, as well as historical amounts earned, see Note 10 to our
audited consolidated financial statements under “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
|
-42-
Actual
Payments
|
Fixed
and Determinable Payments Due by Period (2)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Contract
|
2005
(1)
|
2006
|
2007-2008
|
2009-2010
|
Thereafter
|
Total
|
|||||||||||||
CBO
bonds payable
|
$
|
130,722
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
3,560,953
|
$
|
3,560,953
|
|||||||
Other
bonds payable
|
138,380
|
212,019
|
-
|
-
|
141,311
|
353,330
|
|||||||||||||
Notes
payable
|
408,283
|
-
|
260,441
|
-
|
-
|
260,441
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
284,073
|
1,048,203
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,048,203
|
|||||||||||||
Credit
facility
|
42,204
|
-
|
20,000
|
-
|
-
|
20,000
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges
|
25,749
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Non-hedge
derivative obligations
|
907
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
CBO
wrap agreement
|
481
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
CBO
backstop agreements
|
1,147
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
CBO
remarketing agreements
|
316
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Loan
servicing agreements
|
4,851
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Trustee
agreements
|
747
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Management
agreement
|
21,132
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Total
|
$
|
1,058,992
|
$
|
1,260,222
|
$
|
280,441
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
3,702,264
|
$
|
5,242,927
|
|||||||
(1) |
Includes
all payments made under the respective agreements. The management
agreement payments shown include $13.1 million of management
fees and expense reimbursements and $8.0 million of incentive
compensation.
|
(2) |
Represents
debt principal due based on contractual
maturities.
|
(3)
|
These
contracts do not have fixed and determinable
payments.
|
Inflation
We
believe that our risk of increases in market interest rates on our floating
rate
debt as a result of inflation is largely offset by our use of match funding
and
hedging instruments as described above. See "Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosure About Market Risk — Interest Rate Exposure'' below.
Funds
from Operations
We
believe Funds from Operations (FFO) is one appropriate measure of the operating
performance of real estate companies because it provides investors with
information regarding our ability to service debt and make capital expenditures.
We also believe that FFO is an appropriate supplemental disclosure of operating
performance for a REIT due to its widespread acceptance and use within the
REIT
and analyst communities. Furthermore, FFO is used to compute our incentive
compensation to our manager. FFO, for our purposes, represents net income
available for common stockholders (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding
extraordinary items, plus depreciation of our operating real estate, and after
adjustments for unconsolidated subsidiaries, if any. We consider gains and
losses on resolution of our investments to be a normal part of our recurring
operations and, therefore, do not exclude such gains and losses when arriving
at
FFO. Adjustments for unconsolidated subsidiaries, if any, are calculated to
reflect FFO on the same basis. FFO does not represent cash generated from
operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be
considered an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating
performance or as an alternative to cash flow as a measure of liquidity and
is
not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. Our calculation
of FFO may be different from the calculation used by other companies and,
therefore, comparability may be limited.
Funds
from Operations (FFO) is calculated as follows (unaudited) (in
thousands):
For
the Year Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
$
|
51,345
|
||||
Operating
real estate depreciation
|
702
|
2,199
|
3,035
|
|||||||
Accumulated
depreciation on operating real estate sold
|
(6,942
|
)
|
(8,319
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Funds
from operations (FFO)
|
$
|
104,031
|
$
|
86,201
|
$
|
54,380
|
-43-
Funds
from operations was derived from our segments as follows (unaudited) (in
thousands):
Book
Equity December 31, 2005 (1)
|
Average
Invested Common Equity for the Year Ended
December
31, 2005 (2)
|
FFO
for the Year Ended
December
31, 2005
|
Return
on Invested Common Equity (ROE) for the Year Ended
December
31, 2005 (3)
|
ROE
for the Year Ended
December
31, 2004 (3)
|
ROE
for the Year Ended
December
31, 2003 (3)
|
||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and real
estate related loans
|
$
|
790,990
|
$
|
700,146
|
$
|
125,028
|
17.9
|
%
|
20.5
|
%
|
23.2
|
%
|
|||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
86,024
|
95,148
|
8,706
|
9.1
|
%
|
16.7
|
%
|
25.7
|
%
|
||||||||||
Operating
real estate
|
35,976
|
47,579
|
1,686
|
3.5
|
%
|
9.2
|
%
|
12.2
|
%
|
||||||||||
Unallocated
(1)
|
(139,515
|
)
|
(66,508
|
)
|
(31,389
|
)
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
||||||||||
Total
(2)
|
773,475
|
$
|
776,365
|
$
|
104,031
|
13.4
|
%
|
14.5
|
%
|
16.4
|
%
|
||||||||
Preferred
stock
|
102,500
|
||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated
depreciation
|
(3,536
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive
income
|
45,564
|
||||||||||||||||||
Net
book equity
|
$
|
918,003
|
(1)
|
Unallocated
FFO represents ($0.4 million) of interest expense, ($6.7 million)
of
preferred dividends and ($24.3 million) of corporate general and
administrative expense, management fees and incentive
compensation.
|
(2)
|
Invested
common equity is equal to book equity excluding preferred stock,
accumulated depreciation and accumulated other comprehensive
income.
|
(3)
|
FFO
divided by average invested common
equity.
|
Related
Party Transactions
In
November 2003, we and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of
our
manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 38% interest in
a
limited liability company that acquired a pool of franchise loans from a third
party financial institution. Our investment in this entity, reflected as an
investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on our consolidated balance sheet,
was approximately $17.8 million at December 31, 2005. The remaining
approximately 24% interest in the limited liability company is owned by the
above referenced third party financial institution.
As
of
December 31, 2005, we owned an aggregate of approximately $48.5 million of
securities of Global Signal Trust I and II, special purpose vehicles established
by Global Signal Inc., which were purchased in private placements from
underwriters in January 2004 and April 2005. One of our directors is the CEO,
chairman of the board, and President of Global Signal, Inc. and private equity
funds managed by an affiliate of our manager own a significant portion of Global
Signal Inc.’s common stock. In February 2006, we purchased from an underwriter
$91.0 million face amount of BBB- and BB+ rated securities of Global Signal
Trust III, a special purpose vehicle established by Global Signal, Inc. Pursuant
to an underwritten 144A offering, approximately $1,550.0 million of Global
Signal Trust III securities were issued in 8 classes, rated AAA through BB+,
of
which the BBB- and BB+ classes aggregated $188.3 million. The balance of the
BBB- and BB+ securities were sold on identical terms to third parties. A portion
of the proceeds were used to repay $402.7 million of indebtedness of Global
Signal, Inc., of which we owned $31.5 million, and to fund the prepayment
penalty associated with this debt.
In
March
2004, we and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of our manager
co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 49% interest in two limited
liability companies that have acquired, in a sale-leaseback transaction, a
portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores from a public company. The
properties are subject to a number of master leases, the initial term of which
in each case is a minimum of 15 years. This investment was financed with
nonrecourse debt at the limited liability company level and our investment
in
this entity, reflected as an investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on
our
consolidated balance sheet, was approximately $12.2 million at December 31,
2005. In March 2005, the property management agreement related to these
properties was transferred to an affiliate of our manager from a third party
servicer; our allocable portion of the related fees, approximately $20,000
per
year for three years, was not changed.
In
December 2004, we and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of
our
manager each made an initial investment in a new real estate related loan with
a
maximum loan amount of $128 million, subject to being drawn down under certain
conditions. The loan is secured by a mezzanine loan on one of the phases and
a
first mortgage on the remaining phases of a large development project and
related assets. We own a 27.3% interest in the loan and the private investment
fund owns a 72.7% interest in the loan. Major decisions require the unanimous
approval of holders of interests in the loan, while other decisions require
the
approval of a majority of holders of interests in the loan, based
on
their percentage interests therein. We and our affiliated investment fund are
each entitled to transfer all or any portion of our respective interests in
the
loan to third parties. Our investment in this loan was approximately $22.4
million at December 31, 2005.
-44-
In
January 2005, we entered into a servicing agreement with a portfolio company
of
a private equity fund advised by an affiliate of our manager for them to service
a portfolio of manufactured housing loans, which was acquired at the same time.
As compensation under the servicing agreement, the portfolio company will
receive, on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee equal to 1.00% per annum on
the
unpaid principal balance of the loans being serviced. The outstanding unpaid
principal balance of this portfolio was approximately $284.9 million at December
31, 2005. In January 2006, we closed on a new term financing of this portfolio.
In connection with this term financing, we renewed our servicing agreement
at
the same terms.
In
each
instance described above, affiliates of our manager have an investment in the
applicable affiliated fund and receive from the fund, in addition to management
fees, incentive compensation if the fund’s aggregate investment returns exceed
certain thresholds.
-45-
Market
risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, credit
spreads, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices.
The primary market risks that we are exposed to are interest rate risk and
credit spread risk. These risks are highly sensitive to many factors, including
governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic
and
political considerations and other factors beyond our control. All of our market
risk sensitive assets, liabilities and related derivative positions are for
non-trading purposes only. For a further understanding of how market risk may
effect our financial position or operating results, please refer to the
“Application of Critical Accounting Policies” section of “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Interest
Rate Exposure
Our
primary interest rate exposures relate to our real estate securities, loans,
floating rate debt obligations, interest rate swaps, and interest rate caps.
Changes in the general level of interest rates can effect our net interest
income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on
interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with
our
interest-bearing liabilities and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates
also can effect, among other things, our ability to acquire real estate
securities and loans at attractive prices, the value of our real estate
securities, loans and derivatives, and our ability to realize gains from the
sale of such assets. While our strategy is to utilize interest rate swaps,
caps
and match funded financings in order to limit the effects of changes in interest
rates on our operations, there can be no assurance that our profitability will
not be adversely affected during any period as a result of changing interest
rates. In the event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or
economic downturn, loan and collateral defaults may increase and result in
credit losses that would adversely affect our liquidity and operating results.
As of December 31, 2005, a 100 basis point increase in short term interest
rates
would decrease our earnings by approximately $0.2 million per
annum.
A
period
of rising
interest rates as we are currently experiencing negatively impacts our return
on
certain
investments, particularly our floating rate residential mortgage loans. Although
these loans are financed with floating rate debt, the interest rate on the
debt
resets prior to, and in some cases more frequently than, the interest rate
on
the assets, causing a decrease in return on equity during a period of rising
interest rates. When interest rates stabilize, we expect these investments
will
return to their historical returns on equity.
Interest
rate changes may also impact our net book value as our real estate securities
and related hedge derivatives are marked to market each quarter. Our loan
investments and debt obligations are not marked to market. Generally, as
interest rates increase, the value of our fixed rate securities decreases,
and
as interest rates decrease, the value of such securities will increase. In
general, we would expect that over time, decreases in the value of our real
estate securities portfolio attributable to interest rate changes will be offset
to some degree by increases in the value of our swaps, and vice versa. However,
the relationship between spreads on securities and spreads on swaps may vary
from time to time, resulting in a net aggregate book value increase or decline.
Our real estate securities portfolio is largely financed to maturity through
long term CBO financings that are not redeemable as a result of book value
changes. Accordingly, unless there is a material impairment in value that would
result in a payment not being received on a security, changes in the book value
of our portfolio will not directly affect our recurring earnings or our ability
to pay dividends. As of December 31, 2005, a 100 basis point change in short
term interest rates would impact our net book value by approximately $58.4
million.
Our
general financing strategy focuses on the use of match funded structures. This
means that we seek to match the maturities of our debt obligations with the
maturities of our investments to minimize the risk that we have to refinance
our
liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets, and to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings. In addition, we generally match fund
interest rates on our investments with like-kind debt (i.e., fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt and floating rate assets are financed with
floating rate debt), directly or through the use of interest rate swaps, caps,
or other financial instruments, or through a combination of these strategies,
which allows us to reduce the impact of changing interest rates on our earnings.
Our entire portfolio of assets and the related liabilities had a weighted
average lives of 5.10 years and 4.59 years, respectively, as of December 31,
2005. Our financing strategy is dependent on our ability to place the match
funded debt we use to finance our investments at rates that provide a positive
net spread. If spreads for such liabilities widen or if demand for such
liabilities ceases to exist, then our ability to execute future financings
will
be severely restricted.
Interest
rate swaps are agreements in which a series of interest rate flows are exchanged
with a third party (counterparty) over a prescribed period. The notional amount
on which swaps are based is not exchanged. In general, our swaps are "pay fixed"
swaps involving the exchange of floating rate interest payments from the
counterparty for fixed interest payments from us. This can effectively convert
a
floating rate debt obligation into a fixed rate debt obligation.
-46-
Similarly,
an interest rate cap or floor agreement is a contract in which we purchase
a cap
or floor contract on a notional face amount. We will make an upfront payment
to
the counterparty for which the counterparty agrees to make future payments
to us
should the reference rate (typically one- or three-month LIBOR) rise above
(cap
agreements) or fall below (floor agreements) the "strike" rate specified in
the
contract. Should the reference rate rise above the contractual strike rate
in a
cap, we will earn cap income; should the reference rate fall below the
contractual strike rate in a floor, we will earn floor income. Payments on
an
annualized basis will equal the contractual notional face amount multiplied
by
the difference between the actual reference rate and the contracted strike
rate.
While
a
REIT may utilize these types of derivative instruments to hedge interest rate
risk on its liabilities or for other purposes, such derivative instruments
could
generate income that is not qualified income for purposes of maintaining REIT
status. As a consequence, we may only engage in such instruments to hedge such
risks within the constraints of maintaining our standing as a REIT. We do not
enter into derivative contracts for speculative purposes nor as a hedge against
changes in credit risk.
Our
hedging transactions using derivative instruments also involve certain
additional risks such as counterparty credit risk, the enforceability of hedging
contracts and the risk that unanticipated and significant changes in interest
rates will cause a significant loss of basis in the contract. The counterparties
to our derivative arrangements are major financial
institutions with high credit ratings with which we and our affiliates may
also
have other financial relationships. As a result, we do not anticipate that
any
of these counterparties will fail to meet their obligations. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to adequately protect against the foregoing
risks
and will ultimately realize an economic benefit that exceeds the related amounts
incurred in connection with engaging in such hedging strategies.
Credit
Spread Exposure
Our
real
estate securities are also subject to spread risk. Our fixed rate securities
are
valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate
U.S.
Treasuries of like maturity. In other words, their value is dependent on the
yield demanded on such securities by the market based on their credit relative
to U.S. Treasuries. Excessive supply of such securities combined with reduced
demand will generally cause the market to require a higher yield on such
securities, resulting in the use of a higher (or “wider”) spread over the
benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury security yield) to value
such securities. Under such conditions, the value of our real estate securities
portfolio would tend to decline. Conversely, if the spread used to value such
securities were to decrease (or “tighten”), the value of our real estate
securities portfolio would tend to increase. Our floating rate securities are
valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are effected similarly
by
changes in LIBOR spreads. Such changes in the market value of our real estate
securities portfolio may effect our net equity, net income or cash flow directly
through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale
securities, and therefore our ability to realize gains on such securities,
or
indirectly through their impact on our ability to borrow and access
capital.
Furthermore,
shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve, which represents the market’s
expectations of future interest rates, would also effect the yield required
on
our real estate securities and therefore their value. This would have similar
effects on our real estate securities portfolio and our financial position
and
operations to a change in spreads.
Our
loan
portfolios are also subject to spread risk. Our floating rate loans are valued
based on a market credit spread to LIBOR. The value of these loans is dependent
upon the yield demanded by the market based on their credit relative to LIBOR.
The value of our floating rate loans would tend to decline should the market
require a higher yield on such loans, resulting in the use of a higher spread
over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable LIBOR yield). Our fixed rate
loans are valued based on a market credit spread over U.S. Treasuries and are
effected similarly by changes in U.S. Treasury spreads. If the value of our
loans subject to repurchase agreements were to decline, it could affect our
ability to refinance such loans upon the maturity of the related repurchase
agreements.
Any
decreases in the value of our loan portfolios due to spread changes would effect
us in the same way as similar changes to our real estate securities portfolio
as
described above, except that our loan portfolios are not marked to
market.
As
of
December 31, 2005, a 25 basis point movement in credit spreads would impact
our
net book value by approximately $49.5 million, but would not directly affect
our
earnings or cash flow.
Margin
Certain
of our investments are financed through repurchase agreements or total return
swaps which are subject to margin calls based on the value of such investments.
Margin calls resulting from decreases in value related to rising interest rates
are substantially offset by our ability to make margin calls on our interest
rate derivatives. We maintain adequate cash reserves or availability on our
credit facility to meet any margin calls resulting from decreases in value
related to a reasonably possible (in the opinion of management) widening of
credit spreads. Funding a margin call on our credit facility would have a
dilutive effect on our earnings, however we would not expect this to be
material.
-47-
Fair
Value
Fair
values for a majority of our investments are readily obtainable through broker
quotations. For certain of our financial instruments, fair values are not
readily available since there are no active trading markets as characterized
by
current exchanges between willing parties. Accordingly, fair values can only
be
derived or estimated for these instruments using various valuation techniques,
such as computing the present value of estimated future cash flows using
discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However, the determination
of estimated future cash flows is inherently subjective and imprecise. We note
that minor changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a
material effect on these derived or estimated fair values, and that the fair
values reflected below are indicative of the interest rate and credit spread
environments as of December 31, 2005 and do not take into consideration the
effects of subsequent interest rate or credit spread fluctuations.
We
note
that the values of our investments in real estate securities, loans and
derivative instruments, primarily interest rate hedges on our debt obligations,
are sensitive to changes in market interest rates, credit spreads and other
market factors. The value of these investments can vary, and has varied,
materially from period to period.
Interest
Rate and Credit Spread Risk
We
held
the following interest rate and credit spread risk sensitive instruments at
December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
Carrying
Value
December
31, 2005
|
December
31, 2005
|
Fair
Value
December
31, 2005
|
||||||||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
Principal
Balance or Notional Amount
|
Weighted
Average Yield/ Funding Cost
|
Maturity
Date
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||||||||
Assets:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities,
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
available
for sale (1)
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
$
|
4,603,217
|
6.25
|
%
|
(1)
|
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
portfolio
deposit (2)
|
-
|
25,411
|
-
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
-
|
25,411
|
|||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loans (3)
|
615,551
|
591,890
|
619,783
|
8.74
|
%
|
(3)
|
|
615,865
|
600,528
|
|||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans (4)
|
600,682
|
654,784
|
610,970
|
6.15
|
%
|
(4)
|
|
609,486
|
654,784
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
rate caps, treated as hedges (5)
|
2,145
|
3,554
|
342,351
|
N/A
|
(5)
|
|
2,145
|
3,554
|
||||||||||||||
Total
return swaps (6)
|
3,096
|
399
|
414,034
|
N/A
|
(6)
|
|
3,096
|
399
|
||||||||||||||
Liabilities:
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
CBO
bonds payable (7)
|
3,530,384
|
2,656,510
|
3,560,953
|
5.27
|
%
|
(7)
|
|
3,594,638
|
2,720,704
|
|||||||||||||
Other
bonds payable (8)
|
353,330
|
222,266
|
353,330
|
5.94
|
%
|
(8)
|
|
356,294
|
227,510
|
|||||||||||||
Notes
payable (9)
|
260,441
|
652,000
|
260,441
|
4.70
|
%
|
(9)
|
|
260,441
|
652,000
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements (10)
|
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
1,048,203
|
4.68
|
%
|
(10)
|
|
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
|||||||||||||
Credit
facility (11)
|
20,000
|
-
|
20,000
|
6.86
|
%
|
(11)
|
|
20,000
|
-
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges (12)
|
(41,170
|
)
|
13,239
|
2,943,752
|
N/A
|
(12)
|
|
(41,170
|
)
|
13,239
|
||||||||||||
Non-hedge
derivative obligations (13)
|
90
|
796
|
(13
|
)
|
N/A
|
(13)
|
|
90
|
796
|
(1)
|
These
securities contain various terms, including fixed and floating rates,
self-amortizing and interest only. Their weighted average maturity
is 5.81
years. The fair value of these securities is estimated by obtaining
third
party broker quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
|
(2)
|
The
fair value of the real estate securities portfolio deposit, which
is
treated as a non-hedge derivative, is estimated by obtaining third
party
broker quotations on the underlying securities, if available and
practicable, and counterparty quotations, including a counterparty
quotation on the portion of the fair value resulting from the Excess
Carry
Amount, as defined, earned on such deposit. See “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Liquidity
and Capital Resources” for a further discussion of this
deposit.
|
-48-
(3)
|
Represents
the following loans:
|
Loan
Type
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Weighted
Avg.
Yield
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
(Years)
|
Floating
Rate Loans
as
a % of
Carrying
Value
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||||||
B-Notes
|
$
|
72,173
|
$
|
72,520
|
8.46
|
%
|
2.40
|
73.69
|
%
|
$
|
72,631
|
||||||||
Mezzanine
Loans
|
302,740
|
302,816
|
8.44
|
%
|
1.94
|
100.00
|
%
|
302,190
|
|||||||||||
Bank
Loans
|
56,274
|
56,563
|
6.58
|
%
|
2.51
|
100.00
|
%
|
56,677
|
|||||||||||
Real
Estate Loans
|
23,082
|
22,364
|
20.02
|
%
|
2.00
|
0.00
|
%
|
23,079
|
|||||||||||
ICH
Loans
|
165,514
|
161,288
|
8.64
|
%
|
1.55
|
2.24
|
%
|
161,288
|
|||||||||||
$
|
619,783
|
$
|
615,551
|
8.74
|
%
|
1.94
|
67.06
|
%
|
$
|
615,865
|
The
ICH
loans were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by the loans’
effective rate at acquisition. The rest of the loans were valued by obtaining
third party broker quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
(4)
|
This
aggregate portfolio of residential loans consists of a portfolio
of
floating rate residential mortgage loans as well as a portfolio of
primarily fixed rate manufactured housing loans. The $333.2 million
portfolio of residential mortgage loans has a weighted average maturity
of
2.73 years. The $267.5 million portfolio of manufactured housing
loans has
a weighted average maturity of 5.78 years. These loans were valued
by
discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated based
on
current market conditions for comparable financial instruments, including
market interest rates and credit spreads.
|
(5)
|
Represents
cap agreements as follows:
|
Notional
Balance
|
Effective
Date
|
Maturity
Date
|
Capped
Rate
|
Strike
Rate
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||
$ 262,732
|
Current
|
March
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
6.50%
|
$
184
|
|||||
18,000
|
January
2010
|
October
2015
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
8.00%
|
342
|
|||||
8,619
|
December
2010
|
June
2015
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
7.00%
|
567
|
|||||
53,000
|
May
2011
|
September
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
7.50%
|
1,052
|
|||||
$ 342,351
|
$
2,145
|
The
fair
value of these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty
quotations.
(6)
|
Represents
total return swaps which are treated as non-hedge derivatives. The
fair
value of these agreements, which is included in Derivative Assets,
is
estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations. See “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources” for a further discussion of
these swaps.
|
(7)
|
These
bonds were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a
rate
calculated based on current market conditions for comparable financial
instruments, including market interest rates and credit spreads.
The
weighted average maturity of the CBO bonds payable is 6.55 years.
The CBO
bonds payable amortize principal prior to maturity based on collateral
receipts, subject to reinvestment
requirements.
|
(8)
|
These
bonds were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a
rate
calculated based on current market conditions for comparable financial
instruments, including market interest rates and credit spreads.
The ICH
bonds amortize principal prior to maturity based on collateral receipts
and have a weighted average maturity of 1.46 years. The manufactured
housing loan bonds have a weighted average maturity of 0.08 years,
bear a
floating rate of interest, and are subject to adjustment monthly
based on
the agreed upon market value of the loan
portfolio.
|
(9)
|
The
residential mortgage loan financing has a weighted average maturity
of
1.21 years, bears a floating rate of interest, and is subject to
adjustment monthly based on the agreed upon market value of the loan
portfolio. This
financing was valued by discounting expected future cash flows by
a rate
calculated based on current market conditions for comparable financial
instruments, including market interest rates and credit spreads.
|
-49-
(10)
|
These
agreements bear floating rates of interest, which reset monthly or
quarterly to a market credit spread, and we believe that, for similar
financial instruments with comparable credit risks, the effective
rates
approximate market rates. Accordingly, the carrying amounts outstanding
are believed to approximate fair value. These agreements have a weighted
average maturity of 0.10 years.
|
(11)
|
This
facility, which has a weighted average maturity of 2.55 years, bears
a
floating rate of interest. We believe that, for similar financial
instruments with comparable credit risk, the effective rate approximates
a
market rate. We note that two new banks joined the lending group
in
December 2005 at the same rate. Accordingly, the carrying amount
outstanding is believed to approximate fair
value.
|
(12)
|
Represents
current swap agreements as follows (in
thousands):
|
Notional
Balance
|
Maturity
Date
|
Swapped
Rate
|
Fixed
Rate
|
Fair
Value
|
||||
$
262,732
|
March
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR*
|
3.1250%
|
$ (10,106)
|
||||
290,000
|
April
2011
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
5.9325%
|
12,628
|
||||
276,060
|
March
2013
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
3.8650%
|
(14,599)
|
||||
192,500
|
March
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.8880%
|
478
|
||||
165,300
|
March
2014
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
3.9945%
|
(8,492)
|
||||
189,373
|
September
2014
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
4.3731%
|
(6,566)
|
||||
243,337
|
March
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.8495%
|
(331)
|
||||
307,355
|
December
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.9885%
|
2,179
|
||||
34,151
|
December
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
5.0098%
|
335
|
||||
227,576
|
February
2014
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.2070%
|
(5,010)
|
||||
5,000
|
November
2008
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.5400%
|
(165)
|
||||
4,500
|
November
2018
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4800%
|
(88)
|
||||
45,600
|
January
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.6500%
|
(1,467)
|
||||
12,000
|
January
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.5100%
|
(334)
|
||||
68,606
|
October
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.7150%
|
(1,763)
|
||||
65,257
|
September
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.7090%
|
(1,665)
|
||||
22,465
|
December
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.8290%
|
(534)
|
||||
7,614
|
August
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.0690%
|
(128)
|
||||
22,091
|
February
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.1030%
|
(386)
|
||||
34,692
|
April
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.5310%
|
(245)
|
||||
30,062
|
March
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.5260%
|
(212)
|
||||
25,328
|
April
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.1640%
|
(413)
|
||||
42,954
|
March
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.0910%
|
(760)
|
||||
44,113
|
May
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.9900%
|
(925)
|
||||
22,037
|
April
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
3.9880%
|
(457)
|
||||
38,293
|
September
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.3980%
|
(421)
|
||||
18,698
|
September
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4300%
|
(190)
|
||||
45,174
|
August
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4865%
|
(378)
|
||||
28,336
|
August
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4210%
|
(290)
|
||||
21,666
|
June
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4870%
|
(180)
|
||||
22,818
|
August
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4900%
|
(192)
|
||||
44,776
|
July
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.4290%
|
(455)
|
||||
60,985
|
December
2010
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
4.7710%
|
(78)
|
||||
5,433
|
December
2015
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
4.9618%
|
8
|
||||
16,870
|
December
2015
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
4.9670%
|
32
|
||||
$ 2,943,752
|
$ (41,170)
|
* |
up
to 6.50%
|
The
fair
value of these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations.
A
positive fair value represents a liability; therefore, we currently have a
net
swap asset.
(13)
|
These
are two essentially offsetting interest rate caps and two essentially
offsetting interest rate swaps, each with notional amounts of $32.5
million, an interest rate cap with a notional balance of $17.5 million,
and four interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of
$19.2
million. The maturity date of the purchased swap is July 2009; the
maturity date of the sold swap is July 2014, the maturity date of
the
$32.5 million caps is July 2038, the maturity date of the $17.5 million
cap is July 2009, and the maturity dates of the latter four interest
rate
swaps range between November 2008 and January 2009. The fair value
of
these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations.
|
-50-
Index
to
Financial Statements:
Report
of
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Report
on
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004
Consolidated
Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and
2003
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004
and 2003
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and
2003
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
All
schedules have been omitted because either the required information is included
in our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto or it is not
applicable.
-51-
The
Board
of Directors and Stockholders of Newcastle Investment Corporation
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Newcastle Investment
Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2005 and 2004,
and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining,
on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company at
December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the consolidated results of their operations
and
their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee
of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March
15, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Ernst
& Young LLP
New
York,
NY
March
15,
2006
-52-
Report
on Internal Control over Financial Reporting of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm
The
Board
of Directors and Stockholders of Newcastle Investment Corporation
We
have
audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s
Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Newcastle Investment
Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) maintained effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria
established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The
Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control
over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion
on
management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over
financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating
the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing
such
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors
of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In
our
opinion, management’s assessment that the Company maintained effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, is fairly stated,
in
all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, the
Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on the
COSO
criteria.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company
as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of
income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2005 of the Company and our report dated March 15,
2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Ernst
& Young LLP
New
York,
NY
March
15,
2006
-53-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(dollars
in thousands, except share data)
December
31,
|
|||||||
2005
|
2004
|
||||||
Assets
|
|||||||
Real
estate securities, available for sale - Note 4
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
|||
Real
estate securities portfolio deposit - Note 4
|
—
|
25,411
|
|||||
Real
estate related loans, net - Note 5
|
615,551
|
591,890
|
|||||
Residential
mortgage loans, net - Note 5
|
600,682
|
654,784
|
|||||
Investments
in unconsolidated subsidiaries - Note 3
|
29,953
|
41,230
|
|||||
Operating
real estate, net - Note 6
|
16,673
|
57,193
|
|||||
Real
estate held for sale - Note 6
|
—
|
12,376
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
21,275
|
37,911
|
|||||
Restricted
cash
|
268,910
|
77,974
|
|||||
Derivative
assets - Note 7
|
63,834
|
27,122
|
|||||
Receivables
and other assets
|
38,302
|
37,333
|
|||||
$
|
6,209,699
|
$
|
4,932,720
|
||||
Liabilities
and Stockholders' Equity
|
|||||||
Liabilities
|
|||||||
CBO
bonds payable - Note 8
|
$
|
3,530,384
|
$
|
2,656,510
|
|||
Other
bonds payable - Note 8
|
353,330
|
222,266
|
|||||
Notes
payable - Note 8
|
260,441
|
652,000
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements - Note 8
|
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
|||||
Credit
facility - Note 8
|
20,000
|
—
|
|||||
Derivative
liabilities - Note 7
|
18,392
|
39,661
|
|||||
Dividends
payable
|
29,052
|
25,928
|
|||||
Due
to affiliates - Note 10
|
8,783
|
8,963
|
|||||
Accrued
expenses and other liabilities
|
23,111
|
40,057
|
|||||
5,291,696
|
4,136,005
|
||||||
Commitments
and contingencies - Notes 9, 10 and 11
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Stockholders'
Equity
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized,
2,500,000
|
|||||||
Redeemable
preferred stock, $.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares
authorized,
|
|||||||
shares
of 9.75% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock
|
|||||||
and
1,600,000 shares of 8.05% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred
Stock,
|
|||||||
liquidation
preference $25.00 per share, issued and outstanding
|
102,500
|
62,500
|
|||||
(Series
C issued in 2005)
|
|||||||
Common
stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized,
43,913,409
|
|||||||
and
39,859,481 shares issued and outstanding at
|
|||||||
December
31, 2005 and 2004, respectively
|
439
|
399
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
782,735
|
676,015
|
|||||
Dividends
in excess of earnings - Note 2
|
(13,235
|
)
|
(13,969
|
)
|
|||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income - Note 2
|
45,564
|
71,770
|
|||||
918,003
|
796,715
|
||||||
$
|
6,209,699
|
$
|
4,932,720
|
||||
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
-54-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(dollars
in thousands, except share data)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||
Revenues
|
||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
348,516
|
$
|
225,761
|
$
|
133,183
|
||||
Rental
and escalation income
|
6,647
|
4,744
|
4,238
|
|||||||
Gain
on sale of investments, net
|
20,305
|
18,314
|
13,179
|
|||||||
Other
income
|
2,745
|
850
|
1,484
|
|||||||
378,213
|
249,669
|
152,084
|
||||||||
Expenses
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
226,446
|
136,398
|
76,877
|
|||||||
Property
operating expense
|
2,363
|
2,575
|
2,427
|
|||||||
Loan
and security servicing expense
|
5,993
|
3,057
|
2,154
|
|||||||
Provision
for credit losses
|
8,421
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
4,159
|
4,597
|
3,148
|
|||||||
Management
fee to affiliate - Note 10
|
13,325
|
10,620
|
6,468
|
|||||||
Incentive
compensation to affiliate - Note 10
|
7,627
|
7,959
|
6,226
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
641
|
451
|
405
|
|||||||
268,975
|
165,657
|
97,705
|
||||||||
Income
before equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
109,238
|
84,012
|
54,379
|
|||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries - Note 3
|
5,930
|
12,465
|
862
|
|||||||
Income
taxes on related taxable subsidiaries - Note 12
|
(321
|
)
|
(2,508
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
114,847
|
93,969
|
55,241
|
|||||||
Income
from discontinued operations - Note 6
|
2,108
|
4,446
|
877
|
|||||||
Net
Income
|
116,955
|
98,415
|
56,118
|
|||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(6,684
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
(4,773
|
)
|
||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
$
|
51,345
|
||||
Net
Income Per Share of Common Stock
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
2.53
|
$
|
2.50
|
$
|
1.98
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
2.51
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
1.96
|
||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common stock,
after preferred dividends
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
2.48
|
$
|
2.38
|
$
|
1.95
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
2.34
|
$
|
1.93
|
||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common
stock
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
0.12
|
$
|
0.03
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
0.12
|
$
|
0.03
|
||||
Weighted
Average Number of Shares of Common Stock
|
||||||||||
Outstanding
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
43,671,517
|
36,943,752
|
25,898,288
|
|||||||
Diluted
|
43,985,642
|
37,557,790
|
26,140,777
|
|||||||
Dividends
Declared per Share of Common Stock
|
$
|
2.500
|
$
|
2.425
|
$
|
1.950
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
-55-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FOR
THE
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
Preferred
Stock
|
Common
Stock
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Amount
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
Additional
Pd. in Capital
|
Dividends
in Excess of Earnings
|
Accum.
Other Comp. Income
|
Total
Stock-Holders' Equity
|
||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2004
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
39,859,481
|
$
|
399
|
$
|
676,015
|
$
|
(13,969
|
)
|
$
|
71,770
|
$
|
796,715
|
||||||||||
Dividends
declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(116,221
|
)
|
-
|
(116,221
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
-
|
-
|
3,300,000
|
33
|
96,449
|
-
|
-
|
96,482
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock to directors
|
-
|
-
|
2,008
|
-
|
67
|
-
|
-
|
67
|
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
-
|
-
|
751,920
|
7
|
11,687
|
-
|
-
|
11,694
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of preferred stock
|
1,600,000
|
40,000
|
-
|
-
|
(1,483
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
38,517
|
||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
116,955
|
-
|
116,955
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized (loss) on securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(67,077
|
)
|
(67,077
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(16,015
|
)
|
(16,015
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,089
|
)
|
(1,089
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized foreign currency translation into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(626
|
)
|
(626
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
56,426
|
56,426
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized loss on derivatives designated cash flow
hedges into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,175
|
2,175
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total
comprehensive income
|
90,749
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2005
|
4,100,000
|
$
|
102,500
|
43,913,409
|
$
|
439
|
$
|
782,735
|
$
|
(13,235
|
)
|
$
|
45,564
|
$
|
918,003
|
||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2003
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
31,374,833
|
$
|
314
|
$
|
451,806
|
$
|
(14,670
|
)
|
$
|
39,413
|
$
|
539,363
|
||||||||||
Dividends
declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(97,714
|
)
|
-
|
(97,714
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
-
|
-
|
8,375,000
|
84
|
222,721
|
-
|
-
|
222,805
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock to directors
|
-
|
-
|
2,148
|
-
|
60
|
-
|
-
|
60
|
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
-
|
-
|
107,500
|
1
|
1,428
|
-
|
-
|
1,429
|
|||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
98,415
|
-
|
98,415
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
34,088
|
34,088
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(14,574
|
)
|
(14,574
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,984
|
1,984
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized foreign currency translation into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,478
|
)
|
(1,478
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
11,973
|
11,973
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized loss on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
364
|
364
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total
comprehensive income
|
130,772
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2004
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
39,859,481
|
$
|
399
|
$
|
676,015
|
$
|
(13,969
|
)
|
$
|
71,770
|
$
|
796,715
|
Continued
on next page.
-56-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR
THE
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in thousands)
Preferred
Stock
|
Common
Stock
|
Additional
Pd. in
|
Dividends
in Excess of
|
Accum.
Other Comp.
|
Total
Stock-Holders'
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Amount
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
Capital
|
Earnings
|
Income
|
Equity
|
||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2002
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
23,488,517
|
$
|
235
|
$
|
290,935
|
$
|
(13,966
|
)
|
$
|
7,037
|
$
|
284,241
|
||||||||||
Dividends
declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(56,822
|
)
|
-
|
(56,822
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of preferred stock
|
2,500,000
|
62,500
|
-
|
-
|
(2,436
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
60,064
|
||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
-
|
-
|
7,882,276
|
79
|
163,242
|
-
|
-
|
163,321
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock to directors
|
-
|
-
|
1,540
|
-
|
30
|
-
|
-
|
30
|
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
-
|
-
|
2,500
|
-
|
35
|
-
|
-
|
35
|
|||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
56,118
|
-
|
56,118
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
23,670
|
23,670
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(13,185
|
)
|
(13,185
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
4,653
|
4,653
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized foreign currency translation into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
396
|
396
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized (loss) on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
16,842
|
16,842
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total
comprehensive income
|
88,494
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2003
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
31,374,833
|
$
|
314
|
$
|
451,806
|
$
|
(14,670
|
)
|
$
|
39,413
|
$
|
539,363
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
-57-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(dollars
in thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||
Cash
Flows From Operating Activities
|
||||||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
116,955
|
$
|
98,415
|
$
|
56,118
|
||||
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
(inclusive of amounts related to discontinued
operations):
|
||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
818
|
2,253
|
3,085
|
|||||||
Accretion
of discount and other amortization
|
(2,645
|
)
|
1,898
|
(3,761
|
)
|
|||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(5,930
|
)
|
(12,465
|
)
|
(862
|
)
|
||||
Distributions
of earnings from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
5,930
|
12,465
|
862
|
|||||||
Deferred
rent
|
(2,539
|
)
|
(1,380
|
)
|
(1,853
|
)
|
||||
Gain
on sale of investments
|
(20,811
|
)
|
(22,029
|
)
|
(11,789
|
)
|
||||
Unrealized
gain on non-hedge derivatives
|
(2,839
|
)
|
(3,332
|
)
|
(3,696
|
)
|
||||
Provision
for credit losses
|
8,421
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Non-cash
directors' compensation
|
67
|
60
|
30
|
|||||||
Change
in
|
||||||||||
Restricted
cash
|
(7,980
|
)
|
(8,137
|
)
|
(2,564
|
)
|
||||
Receivables
and other assets
|
218
|
(5,431
|
)
|
(9,403
|
)
|
|||||
Due
to affiliates
|
(180
|
)
|
6,518
|
1,110
|
||||||
Accrued
expenses and other liabilities
|
9,278
|
21,520
|
11,177
|
|||||||
Net
cash provided by operating activities:
|
98,763
|
90,355
|
38,454
|
|||||||
Cash
Flows From Investing Activities
|
||||||||||
Purchase
of real estate securities
|
(1,463,581
|
)
|
(1,426,762
|
)
|
(1,407,948
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from sale of real estate securities
|
60,254
|
193,246
|
255,030
|
|||||||
Deposit
on real estate securities (treated as a derivative)
|
(57,149
|
)
|
(80,311
|
)
|
(59,676
|
)
|
||||
Purchase
of and advances on loans
|
(584,270
|
)
|
(631,728
|
)
|
(685,311
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from settlement of loans
|
1,901
|
124,440
|
164,404
|
|||||||
Repayments
of loan and security principal
|
698,002
|
428,091
|
105,848
|
|||||||
Purchase
of derivative instruments
|
-
|
-
|
(5,482
|
)
|
||||||
Margin
deposit on derivative instruments
|
(53,518
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Proceeds
from sale of derivative instruments
|
1,338
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Payments
on settlement of derivative instruments
|
(1,112
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Purchase
and improvement of operating real estate
|
(182
|
)
|
(141
|
)
|
(576
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from sale of operating real estate
|
52,333
|
71,871
|
5,331
|
|||||||
Contributions
to unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
-
|
(26,789
|
)
|
(30,871
|
)
|
|||||
Distributions
of capital from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
11,277
|
16,199
|
225
|
|||||||
Payment
of deferred transaction costs
|
(39
|
)
|
(280
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(1,334,746
|
)
|
(1,332,164
|
)
|
(1,659,026
|
)
|
Continued
on next page.
-58-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
(dollars
in thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||
Cash
Flows From Financing Activities
|
||||||||||
Issuance
of CBO bonds payable
|
880,570
|
859,719
|
921,503
|
|||||||
Repayments
of CBO bonds payable
|
(10,241
|
)
|
(604
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Issuance
of other bonds payable
|
246,547
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Repayments
of other bonds payable
|
(114,780
|
)
|
(41,759
|
)
|
(6,413
|
)
|
||||
Borrowings
under notes payable
|
-
|
614,106
|
80,000
|
|||||||
Repayments
of notes payable
|
(391,559
|
)
|
(119,407
|
)
|
(906
|
)
|
||||
Borrowings
under repurchase agreements
|
815,840
|
654,254
|
663,120
|
|||||||
Repayments
of repurchase agreements
|
(258,257
|
)
|
(879,417
|
)
|
(195,506
|
)
|
||||
Draws
under credit facility
|
62,000
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Repayments
of credit facility
|
(42,000
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
97,680
|
222,805
|
168,610
|
|||||||
Costs
related to issuance of common stock
|
(1,198
|
)
|
-
|
(5,289
|
)
|
|||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
11,694
|
1,429
|
35
|
|||||||
Issuance
of preferred stock
|
40,000
|
-
|
62,500
|
|||||||
Costs
related to issuance of preferred stock
|
(1,483
|
)
|
-
|
(2,436
|
)
|
|||||
Dividends
paid
|
(113,097
|
)
|
(88,489
|
)
|
(49,280
|
)
|
||||
Payment
of deferred financing costs
|
(2,369
|
)
|
(3,320
|
)
|
(426
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
1,219,347
|
1,219,317
|
1,635,512
|
|||||||
Net
Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
(16,636
|
)
|
(22,492
|
)
|
14,940
|
|||||
Cash
and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
|
37,911
|
60,403
|
45,463
|
|||||||
Cash
and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
|
$
|
21,275
|
$
|
37,911
|
$
|
60,403
|
||||
Supplemental
Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
|
||||||||||
Cash
paid during the period for interest expense
|
$
|
213,070
|
$
|
135,172
|
$
|
80,522
|
||||
Cash
paid during the period for income taxes
|
$
|
448
|
$
|
2,639
|
$
|
-
|
||||
Supplemental
Schedule of Non-cash Investing and Financing
Activities
|
||||||||||
Common
stock dividends declared but not paid
|
$
|
27,446
|
$
|
24,912
|
$
|
15,687
|
||||
Preferred
stock dividends declared but not paid
|
$
|
1,606
|
$
|
1,016
|
$
|
1,016
|
||||
Deposits
used in acquisiton of real estate securities (treated as
derivatives)
|
$
|
82,334
|
$
|
75,824
|
$
|
81,492
|
||||
Consolidation
of ICH CMO
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
221,773
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
-59-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
1. |
ORGANIZATION
|
Newcastle
Investment Corp. (and its subsidiaries, “Newcastle”) is a Maryland corporation
that was formed in 2002. Newcastle conducts its business through three primary
segments: (i) real estate securities and real estate related loans, (ii)
residential mortgage loans, and (iii) operating real estate.
The
following table presents information on shares of Newcastle’s common stock
issued subsequent to its formation:
Year |
Shares
Issued
|
Range
of Issue Prices (1)
|
Net
Proceeds
(millions)
|
|||||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
$
|
13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
|||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
$
|
20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
|||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
$
|
26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
|||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
$
|
29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
|||||
December
31, 2005
|
43,913,409
|
|||||||||
(1)
Excludes prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and
shares
issued to Newcastle's independent directors.
Newcastle
is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a real estate investment
trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
As such, Newcastle will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate
income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders
if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders
by
prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements.
Newcastle
is party to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) with Fortress
Investment Group LLC (the “Manager”), an affiliate, under which the Manager
advises Newcastle on various aspects of its business and manages its day-to-day
operations, subject to the supervision of Newcastle’s board of directors. For
its services, the Manager receives an annual management fee and incentive
compensation, both as defined in the Management Agreement. For a further
discussion of the Management Agreement, see Note 10.
Approximately
2.9 million shares of Newcastle’s common stock were held by an affiliate of the
Manager and its principals at December 31, 2005. In addition, an affiliate
of
the Manager held options to purchase approximately 1.2 million shares of
Newcastle’s common stock at December 31, 2005.
2. |
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES
|
GENERAL
Basis
of Accounting - The
accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP''). The consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Newcastle and its consolidated
subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been
eliminated. Newcastle consolidates those entities in which it has an investment
of 50% or more and has control over significant operating, financial and
investing decisions of the entity.
-60-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
In
January 2003, Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 46
“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” which explains how to identify
variable interest entities and how to assess whether to consolidate such
entities, was issued. As a result of this FIN, Newcastle consolidated the ICH
CMO (Note 5).
In
December 2003, FIN No. 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” was
issued as a modification of FIN 46. FIN 46R, which became effective in the
first
quarter of 2004, clarified the methodology for determining whether an entity
is
a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and the methodology for assessing who is the
primary beneficiary of a VIE. VIEs are defined as entities in which equity
investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest
or
do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities
without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE
is
required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, and only its primary
beneficiary, which is defined as the party who will absorb a majority of the
VIE’s expected losses or receive a majority of the expected residual returns as
a result of holding variable interests. The application of FIN 46R did not
result in a change in our accounting for any entities. Our CBO subsidiaries
are
considered VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary.
For
entities over which Newcastle exercises significant influence, but which do
not
meet the requirements for consolidation, Newcastle uses the equity method of
accounting whereby it records its share of the underlying income of such
entities. Newcastle owns an equity method investment in two limited liability
companies (Note 3) which are investment companies and therefore maintain their
financial records on a fair value basis. Newcastle has retained such accounting
relative to its investments in such companies pursuant to the Emerging Issues
Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 85-12 “Retention of Specialized Accounting for
Investments in Consolidation.”
Certain
amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s
presentation.
Risks
and Uncertainties ¾
In the
normal course of business, Newcastle encounters primarily two significant types
of economic risk: credit and market. Credit risk is the risk of default on
Newcastle’s securities, loans, derivatives, and leases that results from a
borrower's, derivative counterparty's or lessee's inability or unwillingness
to
make contractually required payments. Market risk reflects changes in the value
of investments in securities, loans and derivatives or in real estate due to
changes in interest rates, spreads or other market factors, including the value
of the collateral underlying loans and securities and the valuation of real
estate held by Newcastle. Management believes that the carrying values of its
investments are reasonable taking into consideration these risks along with
estimated collateral values, payment histories, and other borrower
information.
Newcastle
invests in real estate located outside of the United States. Newcastle’s
non-U.S. investments are subject to the same risks associated with its United
States investments as well as additional risks, such as fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements,
heightened risk of political and economic instability, difficulties in managing
non-U.S. investments, potentially adverse tax consequences
and the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws.
Additionally,
Newcastle is subject to significant tax risks. If Newcastle were to fail to
qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, Newcastle would be subject to U.S.
federal corporate income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum
tax),
which could be material. In addition, if Newcastle’s predecessor, Newcastle
Investment Holdings Corp. (“Holdings”), failed to qualify as a REIT and
Newcastle is treated as a successor to Holdings, this could cause Newcastle
to
likewise fail to qualify as a REIT. Unless entitled to relief under certain
statutory provisions, Newcastle would also be disqualified from treatment as
a
REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification
is
lost.
Use
of Estimates ¾
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
-61-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Comprehensive
Income ¾ Comprehensive
income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a
period from transactions and other events and circumstances, excluding those
resulting from investments by and distributions to owners. For Newcastle’s
purposes, comprehensive income represents net income, as presented in the
statements of income, adjusted for unrealized gains or losses on securities
available for sale and derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and net
foreign currency translation adjustments. The following table summarizes our
accumulated other comprehensive income:
December
31,
|
|||||||
2005
|
2004
|
||||||
Net
unrealized gains on securities
|
$
|
16,782
|
$
|
99,875
|
|||
Net
unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives
designated
as cash flow hedges
|
26,738
|
(31,862
|
)
|
||||
Net
foreign currency translation adjustments
|
2,044
|
3,757
|
|||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income
|
$
|
45,564
|
$
|
71,770
|
REVENUE
RECOGNITION
Real
Estate Securities and Loans Receivable ¾
Newcastle invests in securities, including commercial mortgage backed
securities, senior unsecured debt issued by property REITS, real estate related
asset backed securities and agency residential mortgage backed securities.
Newcastle also invests in loans, including real estate related loans, commercial
mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans and manufactured housing loans.
Newcastle determines at acquisition whether loans will be aggregated into pools
based on common risk characteristics (credit quality, loan type, and date of
origination or acquisition); loans aggregated into pools are accounted for
as if
each pool were a single loan. Loans receivable are presented in the consolidated
balance sheet net of any unamortized discount (or gross of any unamortized
premium) and an allowance for loan losses. Discounts or premiums are accreted
into interest income on an effective yield or “interest” method, based upon a
comparison of actual and expected cash flows, through the expected maturity
date
of the security or loan. Depending on the nature of the investment, changes
to
expected cash flows may result in a prospective change to yield or a
retrospective change which would include a catch up adjustment. For loans
acquired at a discount for credit quality, the difference between contractual
cash flows and expected cash flows at acquisition is not accreted (nonaccretable
difference). Income is not accrued on non-performing securities or loans; cash
received on such securities or loans is treated as income to the extent of
interest previously accrued. Interest income with respect to non-discounted
securities or loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Deferred fees and costs,
if any, are recognized as interest income over the terms of the securities
or
loans using the interest method. Upon settlement of securities and loans, the
excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such
security or loan is recognized as a gain (or loss) in the period of settlement.
Interest income includes prepayment penalties received of $3.2 million, $0.6
million and $0.4 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Impairment
of Securities and Loans ¾
Newcastle continually evaluates securities and loans for impairment. This
evaluation includes the following, as applicable: (i) review of the credit
of
the issuer or the borrower, (ii) review of the credit rating of the security,
(iii) review of the key
terms
of the security or loan, (iv) review of the performance of the loan or
underlying loans, including debt service coverage and loan to value ratios,
(v)
analysis of the value of the collateral for the loan or underlying loans, (vi)
analysis of the effect of local, industry and broader economic factors, and
(vii) analysis of trends in defaults and loss severities for similar loans.
Securities and loans are considered to be impaired, for financial reporting
purposes, when it is probable that Newcastle will be unable to collect all
principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the
original agreements, or, for securities or loans purchased at a discount for
credit quality or that represent beneficial interests in securitizations, when
Newcastle determines that it is probable that it will be unable to collect
as
anticipated. For loans purchased at a discount for credit quality, if Newcastle
determines that it is probable that it will collect more than previously
anticipated, the yield accrued on such loan or security is adjusted upward,
on a
prospective basis. Upon determination of impairment, Newcastle establishes
specific valuation allowances for loans or records a direct write down for
securities, through provisions for losses, based on the estimated fair value
of
the underlying collateral using a discounted cash flow analysis or based on
observable market value. Newcastle also establishes allowances for estimated
unidentified incurred losses on pools of loans. The allowance for each security
or loan is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb
probable losses, based on periodic reviews of actual and expected losses. It
is
Newcastle’s policy to establish an allowance for uncollectible interest on
performing securities or loans that are past due more than 90 days or sooner
when, in the judgment of management, the probability of collection of interest
is deemed to be insufficient to warrant further accrual. Upon such a
determination, those loans are deemed to be non-performing. Actual losses may
differ from Newcastle’s estimate.
-62-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
EXPENSE
RECOGNITION
Interest Expense
¾ Newcastle
finances its investments using both fixed and floating rate debt, including
securitizations, loans and repurchase agreements, and other financing vehicles.
Certain of this debt has been issued at discounts. Discounts are accreted into
interest expense on the interest method through the expected maturity date
of
the financing.
Deferred
Costs and Interest Rate Cap Premiums ¾ Deferred
costs consist primarily of costs incurred in obtaining financing which are
amortized into interest expense over the term of such financing using the
interest method. Interest rate cap premiums, which are included in Derivative
Assets, are amortized as described below.
Derivatives
and Hedging Activities ¾
All
derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the statement
of
financial position and measured at fair value. Fair value adjustments affect
either stockholders' equity or net income depending on whether the derivative
instrument qualifies as a hedge for accounting purposes and, if so, the nature
of the hedging activity. For those derivative instruments that are designated
and qualify as hedging instruments, Newcastle designates the hedging instrument,
based upon the exposure being hedged, as either a cash flow hedge, a fair value
hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation.
Derivative
transactions are entered into by Newcastle solely for risk management purposes,
except for real estate securities portfolio deposits as described in Note 4
and
the total return swaps described in Note 5. Such total return swaps are
essentially financings of certain reference assets which are treated as
derivatives for accounting purposes. The decision of whether or not a given
transaction/position (or portion thereof) is hedged is made on a case-by-case
basis, based on the risks involved and other factors as determined by senior
management, including restrictions imposed by the Code among others. In
determining whether to hedge a risk, Newcastle may consider whether other
assets, liabilities, firm commitments and anticipated transactions already
offset or reduce the risk. All transactions undertaken as hedges are entered
into with a view towards minimizing the potential for economic losses that
could
be incurred by Newcastle. Generally, all derivatives entered into are intended
to qualify as hedges under GAAP, unless specifically stated otherwise. To this
end, terms of hedges are matched closely to the terms of hedged
items.
Description
of the risks being hedged
1)
|
Interest
rate risk, existing debt obligations - Newcastle generally hedges
the risk
of interest rate fluctuations with respect to its borrowings, regardless
of the form of such borrowings, which require payments based on a
variable
interest rate index. Newcastle generally intends to hedge only the
risk
related to changes in the benchmark interest rate (LIBOR or a Treasury
rate). In order to reduce such risks, Newcastle may enter into swap
agreements whereby Newcastle would receive floating rate payments
in
exchange for fixed rate payments, effectively converting the borrowing
to
fixed rate. Newcastle may also enter into cap agreements whereby,
in
exchange for a premium, Newcastle would be reimbursed for interest
paid in
excess of a certain cap rate.
|
2)
|
Interest
rate risk, anticipated transactions - Newcastle may hedge the aggregate
risk of interest rate fluctuations with respect to anticipated
transactions, primarily anticipated borrowings. The primary risk
involved
in an anticipated borrowing is that interest rates may increase between
the date the transaction becomes probable and the date of consummation.
Newcastle generally intends to hedge only the risk related to changes
in
the benchmark interest rate (LIBOR or a Treasury rate). This is generally
accomplished through the use of interest rate
swaps.
|
3)
|
Interest
rate risk, fair value of investments - Newcastle occasionally hedges
the
fair value of investments acquired outside of its warehouse agreements
(Note 4) prior to such investments being included in a CBO financing
(Note
8). The primary risk involved is the risk that the fair value of
such an
investment will change between the acquisition date and the date
the terms
of the related financing are “locked in.” Newcastle generally intends to
hedge only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest
rate
(LIBOR or a Treasury rate). This is generally accomplished through
the use
of interest rate swaps.
|
-63-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Cash
flow hedges
Newcastle
has employed interest rate swaps primarily in two ways: (i) to hedge its
exposure to changes in market interest rates with respect to its floating rate
debt and (ii) to hedge anticipated financings. Interest on $342.4 million and
$2,941.7 million in principal amount of Newcastle’s floating rate debt was
designated as the hedged items to interest rate cap and swap agreements,
respectively, at December 31, 2005.
To
qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, interest rate swaps and caps must meet
certain criteria, including (1) the items to be hedged expose Newcastle to
interest rate risk, (2) the interest rate swaps or caps are highly effective
in
reducing Newcastle’s exposure to interest rate risk, and (3) with respect to an
anticipated transaction, such transaction is probable. Correlation and
effectiveness are periodically assessed based upon a comparison of the relative
changes in the fair values or cash flows of the interest rate swaps and caps
and
the items being hedged.
For
derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge
(i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that
is
attributable to a particular risk), the effective portion of the gain or loss,
and net payments received or made, on the derivative instrument is reported
as a
component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the
same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.
The
remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative
change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item, if any,
is
recognized in current earnings during the period of change. Ineffectiveness
of
approximately $0.2 million and ($0.1 million) of gain (loss) was recorded in
2005 and 2004, respectively, to Other Income. No material ineffectiveness was
recorded during the year ended December 31, 2003. The premiums paid for interest
rate caps, treated as cash flow hedges, are amortized into interest expense
based on the estimated value of such cap for each period covered by such
cap.
With
respect to interest rate swaps which have been designated as hedges of
anticipated financings, periodic net payments are recognized currently as
adjustments to interest expense; any gain or loss from fluctuations in the
fair
value of the interest rate swaps is recorded as a deferred hedge gain or loss
in
accumulated other comprehensive income and treated as a component of the
anticipated transaction. In the event the anticipated refinancing failed to
occur as expected, the deferred hedge credit or charge would be recognized
currently in income. Newcastle’s hedges of such refinancing were terminated upon
the consummation of such refinancing. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, $(3.5
million) and $(5.5 million), of such (losses) were deferred, net of
amortization, respectively.
During
2004 and 2005, Newcastle dedesignated certain of its hedge derivatives, and
in
some cases redesignated all or a portion thereof as hedges. As a result of
these
dedesignations, in the cases where the originally hedged items were still owned
by Newcastle, the unrealized loss was recorded in OCI as a deferred hedge loss
and is being amortized over the life of the hedged item. In the cases where
the
dedesignation resulted in immediate recognition, Newcastle recognized $0.3
million of gain. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, $0.2 million and $0.4 million
of such loss was deferred, net of amortization, respectively.
Fair
Value Hedges
At
December 31, 2005, Newcastle owned two interest rate swaps designated as fair
value hedges of fixed rate investments with an aggregate notional amount of
$2.1
million. Any unrealized gains or losses, as well as net payments received or
made, on these derivative instruments are recorded currently in income, as
are
any unrealized gains or losses on the associated hedged items related to changes
in interest rates.
With
respect to interest rate swaps which were designated as hedges of the fair
value
of lease payments, periodic net payments and any gain or loss from fluctuations
in the fair value of the interest
rate swaps were capitalized to accumulated other comprehensive income and are
being recognized over the term of the leases as adjustments to rental income.
Newcastle’s hedge of such payments was terminated in 1999. As of December 31,
2005 and 2004, $0.1 million and $1.0 million of such losses were deferred,
net
of amortization, respectively.
-64-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Classification
Newcastle
expects to reclassify approximately $1.0 million of net loss on derivative
instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during
the
twelve months ending December 31, 2006 due to amortization of net deferred
hedge
losses.
Newcastle’s
derivatives are recorded on its balance sheet as follows (excluding the real
estate securities portfolio deposit, which is reported separately):
Derivative
Assets
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||
Interest
rate caps (A)
|
$
|
2,145
|
$
|
3,554
|
|||
Interest
rate swaps (A)
|
56,829
|
21,001
|
|||||
Total
return swaps
|
3,096
|
399
|
|||||
Non-hedge
derivatives (B)
|
1,764
|
2,168
|
|||||
$
|
63,834
|
$
|
27,122
|
||||
Derivative
Liabilities
|
|||||||
Interest
rate swaps (A)
|
$
|
15,659
|
$
|
34,240
|
|||
Interest
payable
|
1,059
|
2,457
|
|||||
Non-hedge
derivatives (B)
|
1,674
|
2,964
|
|||||
$
|
18,392
|
$
|
39,661
|
(A)
Treated as hedges
|
|||||||
(B)
Interest rate swaps and caps
|
Unrealized
gains (losses) related to real estate securities portfolio deposits of ($0.7
million) and $0.6 million, related to total return swaps of $2.1 million and
$0.2 million, and related to other non-hedge derivatives of $1.0 million and
$0.0 million, were recorded in Other Income in 2005 and 2004,
respectively.
With
respect to interest rate swaps and caps that have not been designated as hedges,
any net payments under, or fluctuations in the fair value of, such swaps and
caps has been recognized currently in Other Income.
Newcastle’s
derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that its
bank
counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. Newcastle
minimizes such risk by limiting its counterparties to highly rated major
financial institutions with good credit ratings. In addition, the potential
risk
of loss with any one party resulting from this type of credit risk is monitored.
Management does not expect any material losses as a result of default by other
parties. Newcastle does not require collateral; however, Newcastle does call
margin from its counterparties when applicable.
Management
Fees and Incentive Compensation to Affiliate ¾ These
represent amounts due to the Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement.
For
further information on the Management Agreement, see Note 10.
BALANCE
SHEET MEASUREMENT
Investment
in Real Estate Securities ¾
Newcastle has classified its investments in securities as available for sale.
Securities available for sale are carried at market value with the net
unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated
other
comprehensive income. At disposition, the net realized gain or loss is
determined on the basis of the cost of the specific investments and is included
in earnings. Unrealized losses on securities are charged to earnings if they
reflect a decline in value that is other than temporary. A decline in value
is
considered other than temporary if either (a) it is deemed probable that
Newcastle will be unable to collect all amounts
anticipated to be collected at acquisition, or (b) Newcastle does not have
the
ability and intent to hold such investment until a forecasted market price
recovery.
Investment
in Loans ¾
Loans
receivable are presented net of any unamortized discount (or gross of any
unamortized premium), including any fees received, and an allowance for loan
losses. All of Newcastle’s loans receivable are classified as held for
investment.
-65-
NEWCASTLE INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Investment
in Operating Real Estate ¾ Operating
real estate is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation
is
computed on a straight-line basis. Buildings are depreciated over 40 years.
Major improvements are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful
lives. Fees and costs incurred in the successful negotiation of leases are
deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective
leases. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Newcastle reviews its real estate assets for impairment annually or whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset
may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, which
meet
certain criteria, are reclassified to Real Estate Held for Sale and measured
at
the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less costs of sale. The results
of operations for such an asset, assuming such asset qualifies as a “component
of an entity” as defined, are retroactively reclassified to Income (Loss) from
Discontinued Operations for all periods presented.
Foreign
Currency Investments ¾
Assets
and liabilities relating to foreign investments are translated using exchange
rates as of the end of each reporting period. The results of Newcastle’s foreign
operations are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for each
reporting period. Translation adjustments are included as a component of
accumulated other comprehensive income until realized.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash ¾
Newcastle considers all highly liquid short term investments with maturities
of
90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Substantially all amounts
on deposit with major financial institutions exceed insured limits. Restricted
cash consisted of:
December
31,
|
|||||||
2005
|
2004
|
||||||
Held
in CBO structures (Note 8) pending
reinvestment
|
$
|
173,438
|
$
|
44,719
|
|||
Total
return swap margin accounts
|
72,427
|
18,190
|
|||||
Bond
sinking funds
|
9,532
|
207
|
|||||
Trustee
accounts
|
9,047
|
9,652
|
|||||
Reserve
accounts
|
2,558
|
2,084
|
|||||
Derivative
margin accounts
|
1,908
|
2,573
|
|||||
Restricted
property operating accounts
|
-
|
549
|
|||||
$
|
268,910
|
$
|
77,974
|
Stock
Options ¾ Newcastle
accounts for stock options granted in accordance with SFAS No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation'' as revised in December 2004 and amended by EITF
Issue No. 96-18 “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than
Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Loans or Services.” The
fair value of the options issued as compensation to the Manager for its
successful efforts in raising capital for Newcastle in 2005, 2004 and 2003
was
recorded as an increase in stockholders’ equity with an offsetting reduction of
capital proceeds received. Options granted to Newcastle’s directors were
accounted for using the fair value method.
Preferred
Stock ¾
In March
2003, Newcastle issued 2.5 million shares ($62.5 million face amount) of its
9.75% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred”)
for net proceeds of approximately $60.1 million. In October 2005, Newcastle
issued 1.6 million shares ($40.0 million face amount) of its 8.05% Series C
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred”) for net
proceeds of approximately $38.5 million. The Series B Preferred and Series
C
Preferred are non-voting, have a $25 per share liquidation preference, no
maturity date and no mandatory redemption. Newcastle has the option to redeem
the Series B Preferred beginning in March 2008 and the Series C Preferred
beginning in October 2010 at their face amount.
In
connection with the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock and Series C
Preferred Stock, Newcastle incurred approximately $2.4 million and $1.5 million
of costs, respectively, which were netted against the proceeds of such
offerings. If either series of preferred stock were redeemed, the related costs
would be recorded as an adjustment to income available for common stockholders
at that time.
-66-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Accretion
of Discount and Other Amortization ¾
As
reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow, this item is comprised
of
the following:
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||
Accretion
of net discount on securities and loans
|
$
|
(13,432
|
)
|
$
|
(4,282
|
)
|
$
|
(4,532
|
)
|
|
Amortization
of net discount on debt obligations
|
4,574
|
4,132
|
3,800
|
|||||||
Amortization
of deferred financing costs and interest rate cap premiums
|
4,417
|
3,979
|
1,531
|
|||||||
Amortization
of net deferred hedge gains and losses - debt
|
1,587
|
(2,118
|
)
|
(4,752
|
)
|
|||||
Amortization
of deferred hedge loss - leases
|
209
|
187
|
192
|
|||||||
$
|
(2,645
|
)
|
$
|
1,898
|
$
|
(3,761
|
)
|
Accounting
Treatment for Certain Investments Financed with Repurchase Agreements
¾ Newcastle
owned $323.2 million of assets purchased from particular counterparties which
are financed via $287.5 million of repurchase agreements with the same
counterparties at December 31, 2005. Currently, Newcastle records such assets
and the related financings gross on its balance sheet, and the corresponding
interest income and interest expense gross on its income statement. In addition,
if the asset is a security, any change in fair value is reported through other
comprehensive income (since it is considered “available for sale”).
However,
in a transaction where assets are acquired from and financed under a repurchase
agreement with the same counterparty, the acquisition may not qualify as a
sale
from the seller’s perspective; in such cases, the seller may be required to
continue to consolidate the assets sold to Newcastle, based on their “continuing
involvement” with such investments. The result is that Newcastle may be
precluded from presenting the assets gross on its balance sheet as it currently
does, and may instead be required to treat its net investment in such assets
as
a derivative.
If
it is
determined that these transactions should be treated as investments in
derivatives, the interest rate swaps entered into by Newcastle to hedge its
interest rate exposure with respect to these transactions would no longer
qualify for hedge accounting, but would, as the underlying asset transactions,
also be marked to market through the income statement.
This
potential change in accounting treatment does not affect the economics of the
transactions but does affect how the transactions are reported in Newcastle’s
financial statements. Newcastle’s cash flows, its liquidity and its ability to
pay a dividend would be unchanged, and Newcastle does not believe its taxable
income would be affected. Newcastle’s net income and net equity would not be
materially affected. In addition, this would not affect Newcastle’s status as a
REIT or cause it to fail to qualify for its Investment Company Act exemption.
Management understands that this issue has been submitted to accounting standard
setters for resolution. If Newcastle were to change its current accounting
treatment for these transactions, its total assets and total liabilities would
each be reduced by $287.9 million and $240.4 million at December 31, 2005 and
2004, respectively.
-67-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
3. |
INFORMATION
REGARDING BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND UNCONSOLIDATED
SUBSIDIARIES
|
Newcastle
conducts its business through three primary segments: real estate securities
and
real estate related loans, residential mortgage loans and operating real estate.
Details of Newcastle’s investments in such segments can be found in Notes 4, 5
and 6.
The
unallocated portion consists primarily of interest on short term investments,
general and administrative expenses, and management fees and incentive
compensation pursuant to the Management Agreement.
Summary
financial data on Newcastle’s segments is given below, together with a
reconciliation to the same data for Newcastle as a whole:
Real
Estate Securities and Real Estate Related Loans
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
Operating
Real Estate
|
Unallocated
|
Total
|
||||||||||||
December
31, 2005 and the Year then Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
Gross
revenues
|
$
|
321,889
|
$
|
48,844
|
$
|
6,772
|
$
|
708
|
$
|
378,213
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(4,163
|
)
|
(10,384
|
)
|
(2,456
|
)
|
(24,885
|
)
|
(41,888
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
317,726
|
38,460
|
4,316
|
(24,177
|
)
|
336,325
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(196,026
|
)
|
(29,754
|
)
|
(251
|
)
|
(415
|
)
|
(226,446
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
-
|
-
|
(528
|
)
|
(113
|
)
|
(641
|
)
|
||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (A)
|
3,328
|
-
|
2,281
|
-
|
5,609
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
125,028
|
8,706
|
5,818
|
(24,705
|
)
|
114,847
|
||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
-
|
-
|
2,108
|
-
|
2,108
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
125,028
|
$
|
8,706
|
$
|
7,926
|
$
|
(24,705
|
)
|
$
|
116,955
|
|||||
Revenue
derived from non-US sources:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,157
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,157
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
125
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
125
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
5,544,818
|
$
|
606,320
|
$
|
36,306
|
$
|
22,255
|
$
|
6,209,699
|
||||||
Long-lived
assets outside the US:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,673
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,673
|
||||||
December
31, 2004 and the Year then Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
Gross
revenues
|
$
|
225,236
|
$
|
19,135
|
$
|
4,745
|
$
|
553
|
$
|
249,669
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(828
|
)
|
(2,319
|
)
|
(2,678
|
)
|
(22,983
|
)
|
(28,808
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
224,408
|
16,816
|
2,067
|
(22,430
|
)
|
220,861
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(124,930
|
)
|
(10,863
|
)
|
(605
|
)
|
-
|
(136,398
|
)
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
-
|
-
|
(445
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
(451
|
)
|
||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (A)
|
3,767
|
-
|
6,190
|
-
|
9,957
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
103,245
|
5,953
|
7,207
|
(22,436
|
)
|
93,969
|
||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
-
|
-
|
4,446
|
-
|
4,446
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
103,245
|
$
|
5,953
|
$
|
11,653
|
$
|
(22,436
|
)
|
$
|
98,415
|
|||||
Revenue
derived from non-US sources:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
13,203
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
13,203
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
10,602
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
10,602
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
4,136,203
|
$
|
658,643
|
$
|
108,322
|
$
|
29,552
|
$
|
4,932,720
|
||||||
Long-lived
assets outside the US:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
57,193
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
57,193
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,376
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,376
|
-68-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Real
Estate Securities and Real Estate Related Loans
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
Operating
Real Estate
|
Unallocated
|
Total
|
||||||||||||
December
31, 2003 and the Year then Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
Gross
revenues
|
$
|
134,348
|
$
|
12,892
|
$
|
4,264
|
$
|
580
|
$
|
152,084
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(821
|
)
|
(1,506
|
)
|
(2,493
|
)
|
(15,603
|
)
|
(20,423
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
133,527
|
11,386
|
1,771
|
(15,023
|
)
|
131,661
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(70,192
|
)
|
(6,162
|
)
|
(523
|
)
|
-
|
(76,877
|
)
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
-
|
-
|
(405
|
)
|
-
|
(405
|
)
|
|||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (A)
|
861
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
862
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
64,196
|
5,224
|
843
|
(15,022
|
)
|
55,241
|
||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
-
|
-
|
877
|
-
|
877
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
64,196
|
$
|
5,224
|
$
|
1,720
|
$
|
(15,022
|
)
|
$
|
56,118
|
|||||
Revenue
derived from non-US sources:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,940
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,940
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
5,999
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
5,999
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
2,756,262
|
$
|
587,831
|
$
|
146,635
|
$
|
59,571
|
$
|
3,550,299
|
||||||
Long-lived
assets outside the US:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
54,250
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
54,250
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
78,149
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
78,149
|
(A)
Net
of
income taxes on related taxable subsidiaries.
-69-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Unconsolidated
Subsidiaries
Newcastle
has two unconsolidated subsidiaries which it accounts for under the equity
method.
The
following table summarizes the activity affecting the equity held by Newcastle
in unconsolidated subsidiaries:
Operating
Real Estate Subsidiary
|
Real
Estate Loan Subsidiary
|
||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2003
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
30,640
|
|||
Contributions
to unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
26,789
|
-
|
|||||
Distributions
from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(17,709
|
)
|
(10,955
|
)
|
|||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
8,698
|
3,767
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
17,778
|
$
|
23,452
|
|||
Contributions
to unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Distributions
from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(8,229
|
)
|
(8,978
|
)
|
|||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
2,602
|
3,328
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
12,151
|
$
|
17,802
|
Summarized
financial information related to Newcastle’s unconsolidated subsidiaries was as
follows:
Operating
Real
Estate
Subsidiary
(A) (B)
|
Real
Estate Loan Subsidiary (A) (C)
|
|||||||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
|||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||||||
Assets
|
$
|
77,758
|
$
|
89,222
|
$
|
35,806
|
$
|
47,170
|
$
|
61,628
|
||||||
Liabilities
|
(53,000
|
)
|
(53,000
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||
Minority
interest
|
(455
|
)
|
(666
|
)
|
(202
|
)
|
(266
|
)
|
(348
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
|
$
|
24,303
|
$
|
35,556
|
$
|
35,604
|
$
|
46,904
|
$
|
61,280
|
||||||
Equity
held by Newcastle (D)
|
$
|
12,151
|
$
|
17,778
|
$
|
17,802
|
$
|
23,452
|
$
|
30,640
|
||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
10,196
|
$
|
25,011
|
$
|
6,738
|
$
|
7,852
|
$
|
1,885
|
||||||
Expenses
|
(4,896
|
)
|
(7,159
|
)
|
(42
|
)
|
(111
|
)
|
(152
|
)
|
||||||
Minority
interest
|
(97
|
)
|
(328
|
)
|
(39
|
)
|
(44
|
)
|
(10
|
)
|
||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
5,203
|
$
|
17,524
|
$
|
6,657
|
$
|
7,697
|
$
|
1,723
|
||||||
Newcastle's
equity in net income (D)
|
$
|
2,602
|
$
|
8,698
|
$
|
3,328
|
$
|
3,767
|
$
|
862
|
(A)
|
The
unconsolidated subsidiaries’ summary financial information is presented on
a fair value basis, consistent with their internal basis of
accounting.
|
(B) |
Included
in the operating real estate segment.
|
(C)
|
Included
in the real estate securities and real estate related loans
segment.
|
(D)
|
With
respect to the operating real estate subsidiary, $0.8 million and
$7.2
million of Newcastle’s equity in net income was derived from the company
holding assets available for sale in 2005 and 2004, respectively,
while
$1.8 million and $1.5 million of Newcastle’s equity in net income was
derived from the company holding assets for investment in 2005 and
2004,
respectively. As of December 31, 2004, $5.6 million of the equity
held by
Newcastle related to the company holding assets available for sale
and
$12.2 million related to the company holding assets for investment.
As of
December 31, 2005, all of the equity held by Newcastle related to
the
company holding assets for investment. This subsidiary is more fully
described below.
|
-70-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Operating
Real Estate Subsidiary
In
March
2004 Newcastle purchased a 49% interest in a portfolio of convenience and retail
gas stores located throughout the southeastern and southwestern regions of
the
U.S. The properties are subject to a sale-leaseback arrangement under long
term
triple net leases with a 15 year minimum term. Circle K Stores Inc. (“Tenant”),
an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Alimentation Couche-Tard Inc. (“ACT”), is
the counterparty under the leases. ACT guarantees the obligations of Tenant
under the leases. Newcastle structured this transaction through a joint venture
in two limited liability companies with a private investment fund managed by
an
affiliate of its manager, pursuant to which such affiliate co-invested on equal
terms. One company held assets available for sale, the last of which was sold
in
September 2005, and one holds assets for investment. In October 2004, the
investment’s initial financing was refinanced with a nonrecourse term loan
($53.0 million outstanding at December 31, 2005), which bears interest at a
fixed rate of 6.04%. The required payments under the loan consist of interest
only during the first two years, followed by a 25-year amortization schedule
with a balloon payment due in October 2014. Newcastle has no additional capital
commitment to the limited liability companies.
Real
Estate Loan Subsidiary
In
November 2003, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate
of the Manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 38% interest
in DBNC Peach Manager LLC, a limited liability company that has acquired a
pool
of franchise loans collateralized by fee and leasehold interests and other
assets from a third party financial institution. The remaining approximately
24%
interest in the limited liability company is owned by the above-referenced
third
party financial institution. Newcastle has no additional capital commitment
to
the limited liability company.
Each
of
these limited liability companies is an investment company and therefore
maintains its financial records on a fair value basis. Newcastle has retained
such accounting relative to its investment in such limited liability companies,
which are accounted for under the equity method at fair value.
4. |
REAL
ESTATE SECURITIES
|
The
following is a summary of Newcastle’s real estate securities at December 31,
2005 and 2004, all of which are classified as available for sale and are
therefore marked to market through other comprehensive income.
December
31, 2005
Gross
Unrealized
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset
Type
|
Current
Face Amount
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
Gains
|
Losses
|
Carrying
Value
|
Number
of
Securities
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
Coupon
|
Yield
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-Conduit
|
$
|
1,455,345
|
$
|
1,397,868
|
$
|
26,367
|
$
|
(26,906
|
)
|
$
|
1,397,329
|
197
|
BBB-
|
5.84
|
%
|
6.61
|
%
|
7.87
|
|||||||||||||
CMBS-Large
Loan
|
578,331
|
575,444
|
9,096
|
(377
|
)
|
584,163
|
61
|
BBB-
|
6.64
|
%
|
6.75
|
%
|
2.10
|
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-
B-Note
|
180,201
|
176,228
|
4,732
|
(329
|
)
|
180,631
|
32
|
BBB-
|
6.62
|
%
|
6.95
|
%
|
5.97
|
||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured
REIT Debt
|
916,262
|
931,777
|
20,804
|
(9,835
|
)
|
942,746
|
99
|
BBB-
|
6.34
|
%
|
5.96
|
%
|
6.95
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Manufactured
Housing
|
178,915
|
162,410
|
2,422
|
(1,766
|
)
|
163,066
|
10
|
A-
|
7.12
|
%
|
8.65
|
%
|
6.64
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Home
Equity
|
525,004
|
523,363
|
3,429
|
(2,315
|
)
|
524,477
|
89
|
B
|
6.03
|
%
|
6.10
|
%
|
3.16
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Franchise
|
70,837
|
69,732
|
1,113
|
(1,223
|
)
|
69,622
|
18
|
BBB+
|
6.66
|
%
|
8.12
|
%
|
5.14
|
||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
698,322
|
700,912
|
145
|
(8,572
|
)
|
692,485
|
19
|
AAA
|
4.76
|
%
|
4.67
|
%
|
4.90
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total/Average
(A)
|
$
|
4,603,217
|
$
|
4,537,734
|
$
|
68,108
|
$
|
(51,323
|
)
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
525
|
BBB+
|
5.99
|
%
|
6.25
|
%
|
5.81
|
(A)
|
The
total current face amount of fixed rate securities was $3,584.4
million,
and of floating rate securities was $1,018.8
million.
|
Unrealized losses that are considered other than temporary are recognized currently in income. There were no such losses incurred during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004, or 2003. The unrealized losses on Newcastle’s securities are primarily the result of market factors, rather than credit impairment, and Newcastle believes their carrying values are fully recoverable over their expected holding period. None of the securities were in default or delinquent as of December 31, 2005. Newcastle has performed credit analyses (described in Note 2) in relation to such securities which support its belief that the carrying values of such securities are fully recoverable over their expected holding period. Although management expects to hold these securities until their recovery, there is no assurance that such securities will not be sold or at what price they may be sold.
-71-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Gross
Unrealized
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current
Face Amount
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
Gains
|
Losses
|
Carrying
Value
|
Number
of
Securities
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
Coupon
|
Yield
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities
in an Unrealized Loss Position
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less
Than Twelve Months
|
$
|
2,212,833
|
$
|
2,201,085
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(38,770
|
)
|
$
|
2,162,315
|
264
|
A-
|
5.65
|
%
|
5.67
|
%
|
6.20
|
|||||||||||||
Twelve
or More Months
|
274,127
|
279,868
|
-
|
(12,756
|
)
|
267,112
|
42
|
BBB+
|
5.71
|
%
|
5.32
|
%
|
7.15
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total
|
$
|
2,486,960
|
$
|
2,480,953
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(51,526
|
)
|
$
|
2,429,427
|
306
|
A-
|
5.66
|
%
|
5.63
|
%
|
6.31
|
December
31, 2004
Gross
Unrealized
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset
Type
|
|
Current
Face Amount
|
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
|
Gains
|
|
Losses
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Number
of Securities
|
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
Coupon
|
Yield
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
||||||||||||||
CMBS-Conduit
|
$
|
1,024,762
|
$
|
995,194
|
$
|
54,506
|
$
|
(7,240
|
)
|
$
|
1,042,460
|
162
|
BBB-
|
6.17
|
%
|
6.80
|
%
|
7.53
|
|||||||||||||
CMBS-Large
Loan
|
583,758
|
580,383
|
9,781
|
(168
|
)
|
589,996
|
68
|
BBB
|
5.16
|
%
|
5.41
|
%
|
2.35
|
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-
B-Note
|
173,587
|
170,884
|
2,614
|
(379
|
)
|
173,119
|
28
|
BB+
|
6.31
|
%
|
6.58
|
%
|
6.12
|
||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured
REIT Debt
|
735,402
|
750,489
|
38,433
|
(3,200
|
)
|
785,722
|
90
|
BBB-
|
6.51
|
%
|
6.15
|
%
|
7.34
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Manufactured
Housing
|
221,803
|
198,181
|
5,328
|
(4,494
|
)
|
199,015
|
11
|
B
|
7.10
|
%
|
8.83
|
%
|
5.67
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Home
Equity
|
298,934
|
297,083
|
3,072
|
(83
|
)
|
300,072
|
44
|
A-
|
4.16
|
%
|
4.29
|
%
|
4.06
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Franchise
|
77,825
|
75,631
|
2,493
|
(540
|
)
|
77,584
|
17
|
BBB+
|
7.13
|
%
|
8.79
|
%
|
5.25
|
||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
199,182
|
201,803
|
-
|
(275
|
)
|
201,528
|
3
|
AAA
|
4.69
|
%
|
4.41
|
%
|
3.35
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total/Average
(A)
|
$
|
3,315,253
|
$
|
3,269,648
|
$
|
116,227
|
$
|
(16,379
|
)
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
423
|
BBB
|
5.89
|
%
|
6.19
|
%
|
5.76
|
(A)
The total current face amount of fixed rate securities was $2,472.1 million,
and
of floating rate securities was $843.2 million.
The
following is a reconciliation of real estate securities:
Current
Face
Amount
|
Market
(Discount) / Premium
|
Loss
Allowance
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
||||||||||
December
31, 2003
|
$
|
2,173,538
|
$
|
(61,173
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
2,112,365
|
||||
Purchases
|
1,500,549
|
4,084
|
-
|
1,504,633
|
|||||||||
Collection
of principal
|
(181,008
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(181,008
|
)
|
|||||||
Cost
of securities sold
|
(177,826
|
)
|
4,677
|
-
|
(173,149
|
)
|
|||||||
Accretion
|
-
|
6,807
|
-
|
6,807
|
|||||||||
December
31, 2004
|
$
|
3,315,253
|
$
|
(45,605
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
3,269,648
|
||||
Purchases
|
1,895,580
|
(45,385
|
)
|
-
|
1,850,195
|
||||||||
Collection
of principal
|
(382,872
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(382,872
|
)
|
|||||||
Cost
of securities sold
|
(224,744
|
)
|
18,912
|
-
|
(205,832
|
)
|
|||||||
Accretion
|
-
|
6,595
|
-
|
6,595
|
|||||||||
December
31, 2005
|
$
|
4,603,217
|
$
|
(65,483
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
4,537,734
|
-72-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
During
2005 and 2004, Newcastle recorded gross realized gains of approximately $24.0
million and $20.0 million, respectively, and gross realized losses of
approximately $3.4 million and $0.0 million, respectively, related to the sale
of real estate securities.
The
securities are encumbered by the CBO bonds payable and by repurchase agreements
(Note 8) at December 31, 2005.
Newcastle
enters into short term warehouse agreements pursuant to which it makes deposits
with major investment banks for the right to purchase commercial mortgage backed
securities, unsecured REIT debt, real estate related loans and real estate
related asset backed securities for its real estate securities portfolios,
prior
to their being financed with CBOs. These agreements are treated as non-hedge
derivatives for accounting purposes and are therefore marked to market through
current income. The cost to Newcastle if the related CBO is not consummated
is
limited, except where the non-consummation results from Newcastle’s gross
negligence, willful misconduct or breach of contract, to payment of the Net
Loss, if any, as defined, up to the related deposit, less any Excess Carry
Amount, as defined, earned on such deposit. The income recorded on these
agreements was approximately $2.4 million, $3.1 million, and $3.6 million in
2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
-73-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
5. |
REAL
ESTATE RELATED LOANS AND RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE
LOANS
|
The
following is a summary of real estate related loans and residential mortgage
loans. The loans contain various terms, including fixed and floating rates,
self-amortizing and interest only. They are generally subject to
prepayment.
December
31,
|
December
31, 2005
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Loan
Type
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value (C)
|
Loan
Count
|
Wtd.
Avg. Yield
|
Weighted
Average Maturity
(Years)
(D)
|
Delinquent
Carrying Amount (E)
|
|||||||||||||||||||
B-Notes
|
$
|
72,173
|
$
|
132,777
|
$
|
72,520
|
$
|
133,344
|
13
|
8.46
|
%
|
2.40
|
$
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Mezzanine
Loans (A)
|
302,740
|
80,000
|
302,816
|
80,052
|
8
|
8.44
|
%
|
1.94
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||
Bank
Loans
|
56,274
|
146,909
|
56,563
|
146,909
|
3
|
6.58
|
%
|
2.51
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||
Real
Estate Loans
|
23,082
|
29,555
|
22,364
|
28,911
|
1
|
20.02
|
%
|
2.00
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||
ICH
Loans (B)
|
165,514
|
205,147
|
161,288
|
202,674
|
96
|
8.64
|
%
|
1.55
|
22,136
|
||||||||||||||||
Total
Real Estate
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Related
Loans
|
$
|
619,783
|
$
|
594,388
|
$
|
615,551
|
$
|
591,890
|
121
|
8.74
|
%
|
1.94
|
$
|
22,136
|
|||||||||||
Residential
Loans
|
$
|
326,100
|
$
|
645,381
|
$
|
333,226
|
$
|
654,784
|
919
|
4.79
|
%
|
2.73
|
$
|
3,699
|
|||||||||||
Manufactured
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Housing
Loans
|
284,870
|
-
|
267,456
|
-
|
7,067
|
7.84
|
%
|
5.78
|
2,927
|
||||||||||||||||
Total
Residential
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage
Loans
|
$
|
610,970
|
$
|
645,381
|
$
|
600,682
|
$
|
654,784
|
7,986
|
6.15
|
%
|
4.15
|
$
|
6,626
|
(A) |
One
of these loans has a contractual exit fee which Newcastle will begin
to
accrue if and when management believes
it is probable that such exit fee will be received. These loans are
comprised of the following:
|
$
50,000
|
$
|
50,000
|
$
|
50,003
|
$
|
50,008
|
1
|
7.10
|
%
|
0.71
|
$
|
-
|
||||||||||
38,000
|
-
|
38,016
|
-
|
1
|
8.51
|
%
|
1.81
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
100,000
|
-
|
100,052
|
-
|
1
|
7.60
|
%
|
2.53
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
58,630
|
-
|
58,662
|
-
|
1
|
8.87
|
%
|
1.70
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
56,110
|
30,000
|
56,083
|
30,044
|
4
|
10.64
|
%
|
2.32
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
$
302,740
|
$
|
80,000
|
$
|
302,816
|
$
|
80,052
|
8
|
8.44
|
%
|
1.94
|
$
|
-
|
(B) |
In
October 2003, pursuant to FIN No. 46, Newcastle consolidated an entity
which holds a portfolio of commercial mortgage loans which has been
securitized. This investment, which is referred to as ICH, was previously
treated as a non-consolidated residual interest in such securitization.
The primary effect of the consolidation is the requirement that Newcastle
reflect the gross loan assets and gross bonds payable of this entity
in
its financial statements.
|
(C)
|
The
aggregate United States federal income tax basis for such assets
at
December 31, 2005 was approximately equal to their book
basis.
|
(D)
|
The
weighted average maturity for the residential loan portfolio and
the
manufactured housing loan portfolio were calculated based on constant
prepayment rates (CPR) of approximately 30% and 10%,
respectively.
|
(E)
|
This
face amount of loans is 60 or more days delinquent. $14.8 million
of the
delinquent ICH Loans were transferred out of the securitization trust
and
the related properties were foreclosed on in
2006.
|
-74-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
following is a reconciliation of real estate related loans and residential
mortgage loans.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
Estate Related Loans
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current
Face Amount
|
Market
(Discount)/
Premium
|
Loss
Allowance
|
Carrying
Value
|
Current
Face Amount
|
Market
(Discount)/
Premium
|
Loss
Allowance
|
Carrying
Value
|
||||||||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2003
|
$
|
405,308
|
$
|
(49
|
)
|
$
|
(2,475
|
)
|
$
|
402,784
|
$
|
578,330
|
$
|
8,007
|
$
|
(100
|
)
|
$
|
586,237
|
||||||
Purchases/advances
|
281,340
|
15
|
-
|
281,355
|
347,318
|
3,055
|
-
|
350,373
|
|||||||||||||||||
Collections
of principal
|
(92,425
|
)
|
-
|
2
|
(92,423
|
)
|
(154,660
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(154,660
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Cost
of loans sold
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(125,607
|
)
|
874
|
-
|
(124,733
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Accretion
|
165
|
9
|
-
|
174
|
-
|
(2,533
|
)
|
-
|
(2,533
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Loss
allowance
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
100
|
100
|
|||||||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
594,388
|
$
|
(25
|
)
|
$
|
(2,473
|
)
|
$
|
591,890
|
$
|
645,381
|
$
|
9,403
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
654,784
|
|||||||
Purchases/advances
|
341,676
|
(505
|
)
|
-
|
341,171
|
327,855
|
(18,150
|
)
|
-
|
309,705
|
|||||||||||||||
Collections
of principal
|
(319,830
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(319,830
|
)
|
(359,905
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(359,905
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Accretion
|
-
|
524
|
-
|
524
|
-
|
1,666
|
-
|
1,666
|
|||||||||||||||||
Paid-in-kind
interest
|
4,648
|
-
|
-
|
4,648
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||
Loss
allowance
|
-
|
-
|
(2,852
|
)
|
(2,852
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(5,568
|
)
|
(5,568
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Realized
losses
|
(1,099
|
)
|
-
|
1,099
|
-
|
(2,361
|
)
|
-
|
2,361
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
619,783
|
$
|
(6
|
)
|
$
|
(4,226
|
)
|
$
|
615,551
|
$
|
610,970
|
$
|
(7,081
|
)
|
$
|
(3,207
|
)
|
$
|
600,682
|
Newcastle
has entered into arrangements with a major investment bank to finance certain
loans whereby Newcastle receives the sum of all interest, fees and any positive
change in value amounts (the total return cash flows) from a reference asset
with a specified notional amount, and pays interest on such notional plus any
negative change in value amounts from such asset. These agreements are recorded
in Derivative Assets and treated as non-hedge derivatives for accounting
purposes and are therefore marked to market through income. Net interest
received is recorded to Interest Income and the mark to market is recorded
to
Other Income. If Newcastle owned the reference assets directly, they would
not
be marked to market. Under the agreements, Newcastle is required to post an
initial margin deposit to an interest bearing account and additional margin
may
be payable in the event of a decline in value of the reference asset. Any margin
on deposit (recorded in Restricted Cash), less any negative change in value
amounts, will be returned to Newcastle upon termination of the contract. The
following table presents information on these instruments as of December 31,
2005.
Reference
Asset
|
Notional
Amount
|
Margin
Amount
|
Receive
Interest
Rate
|
Pay
Interest
Rate
|
Maturity
Date
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||||||
Term
loan to a retail mall REIT
|
$
|
106,083
|
$
|
18,149
|
LIBOR
+ 2.000%
|
%
|
LIBOR
+ 0.500%
|
|
Nov
2008
|
$
|
1,008
|
||||||||
Term
loan to a diversified real
estate
and finance company
|
97,997
|
19,599
|
LIBOR
+ 3.000%
|
%
|
LIBOR
+ 0.625%
|
|
Feb
2008
|
877
|
|||||||||||
Mezzanine
loan to a hotel company
|
15,000
|
5,224
|
LIBOR
+ 4.985%
|
%
|
LIBOR
+ 1.350%
|
|
Jun
2007
|
101
|
|||||||||||
Term
loan to a diversified real
estate
company
|
94,954
|
9,495
|
LIBOR
+
1.750%
|
%
|
LIBOR
+ 0.500%
|
|
Aug
2007
|
904
|
|||||||||||
Term
loan to a retail company
|
100,000
|
19,960
|
LIBOR
+
3.000%
|
%
|
LIBOR
+ 0.500%
|
|
Dec
2008
|
206
|
|||||||||||
$
|
414,034
|
$
|
72,427
|
$
|
3,096
|
The
average carrying amount of Newcastle’s real estate related loans was
approximately $594.1 million and $486.2 million during 2005 and 2004,
respectively, on which Newcastle earned approximately $54.7 million and $36.7
million of gross revenues, respectively.
The
average carrying amount of Newcastle’s residential mortgage loans was
approximately $764.2 million and $637.4 million during 2005 and 2004,
respectively, on which Newcastle earned approximately $48.8 million and $19.1
million of gross revenues, respectively.
The
loans
are encumbered by various debt obligations as described in Note 8.
Real
estate owned (“REO”) as a result of foreclosure on loans is included in
Receivables and Other Assets, and is recorded at the lower of cost or fair
value. No material REO was owned as of December 31, 2005 or 2004.
-75-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
6. |
OPERATING
REAL ESTATE
|
The
following is a reconciliation of operating real estate assets and accumulated
depreciation:
Operating
Real Estate
|
Gross
|
Accumulated
Depreciation
|
Net
|
|||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2003
|
$
|
114,330
|
$
|
(11,335
|
)
|
$
|
102,995
|
|||
Improvements
|
148
|
-
|
148
|
|||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
8,899
|
(1,094
|
)
|
7,805
|
||||||
Depreciation
|
-
|
(2,137
|
)
|
(2,137
|
)
|
|||||
Transferred
to Real Estate Held for Sale
|
(57,686
|
)
|
6,068
|
(51,618
|
)
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
65,691
|
$
|
(8,498
|
)
|
$
|
57,193
|
|||
Improvements
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(422
|
)
|
(28
|
)
|
(450
|
)
|
||||
Depreciation
|
-
|
(704
|
)
|
(704
|
)
|
|||||
Transferred
to Real Estate Held for Sale
|
(45,060
|
)
|
5,694
|
(39,366
|
)
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
20,209
|
$
|
(3,536
|
)
|
$
|
16,673
|
|||
Real
Estate Held for Sale
|
||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2003
|
$
|
29,404
|
||||||||
Improvements
|
73
|
|||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(735
|
)
|
||||||||
Sold
|
(67,984
|
)
|
||||||||
Transferred
from Operating Real Estate
|
51,618
|
|||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
12,376
|
||||||||
Improvements
|
182
|
|||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(1,620
|
)
|
||||||||
Sold
|
(50,304
|
)
|
||||||||
Transferred
from Operating Real Estate
|
39,366
|
|||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
-
|
-76-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
During
the periods presented, Newcastle’s operating real estate was comprised of
Canadian properties, Belgian properties and an investment in an unconsolidated
subsidiary which owns domestic properties.
The
Canadian properties were primarily leased to Bell Canada, a wholly-owned
subsidiary of BCE, Inc. and are referred to as the “Bell Canada Portfolio.” For
2005, 2004 and 2003, primarily all of Newcastle’s consolidated rental and
escalation income from continuing operations was attributable to Bell Canada.
The remaining Bell Canada lease expires in 2006 and provides for a significant
payment due upon expiration of the lease, which has been received in 2006.
Bell
Canada has agreed to release a portion of this space upon expiration of the
lease. The Bell Canada lease also provides for the reimbursement of
substantially all operating expenses and property taxes plus an administrative
fee.
The
Belgian properties, which have all been sold, are referred to as the “LIV
Portfolio.”
The
following is a schedule of the future minimum rental payments to be received
under non-cancelable operating leases (including the lease renewal signed in
2006):
2006
|
$
|
745
|
||
2007
|
1,114
|
|||
2008
|
1,111
|
|||
2009
|
1,111
|
|||
2010
|
278
|
|||
$
|
4,359
|
In
April
2003, Newcastle consummated the sale of two properties in the Bell Canada
portfolio. These properties had been classified as held for sale in 2002.
Newcastle recognized a $1.6 million loss on this sale in 2002. In addition,
Newcastle recognized a $0.6 million gain in 2003, net of a $0.3 million loss
related to the prepayment of the debt on such properties.
In
June
2004, Newcastle consummated the sale of five properties in the LIV portfolio.
These properties had been classified as held for sale since December 2003.
Newcastle recognized a $1.5 million loss on this sale in December 2003. In
addition, Newcastle recognized a $1.1 million loss in 2004, primarily related
to
the prepayment of the debt on such properties.
In
December 2004, Newcastle sold two properties in the LIV portfolio at a gain
of
approximately $5.3 million, net of $2.6 million of prepayment penalties on
the
related debt.
In
March
2005, Newcastle closed on the sale of a property in the Bell Canada portfolio
and recorded a gain of approximately $0.4 million, net of $0.9 million of
prepayment penalties on the related debt. Newcastle posted a CAD $1.1 million
letter of credit to cover potential Canadian taxes arising from this sale,
however no taxes are expected to be paid.
In
June
2005, Newcastle closed on the sale of a property in the Bell Canada portfolio
and recorded a gain (net of Canadian taxes) of approximately $0.9 million,
net
of $2.1 million of prepayment penalties on the related debt. Newcastle posted
a
CAD $4.9 million letter of credit to cover potential Canadian taxes arising
from
this sale, however no taxes are expected to be paid in excess of those accrued
at closing.
In
June
2005, Newcastle closed on the sale of the last property in the LIV portfolio
and
recorded a loss of approximately $0.7 million.
Pursuant
to SFAS No. 144, Newcastle has retroactively recorded the operations, including
the gain or loss, of all sold or “held for sale” properties in Income from
Discontinued Operations for all periods presented.
Gross
revenues from discontinued operations were approximately $5.5 million, $19.1
million and $18.7 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Interest expense
included in discontinued operations was approximately $0.8 million, $5.9
million, and $6.2 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
-77-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
following table sets forth certain information regarding the operating real
estate portfolio:
Type
of
Property |
Location
|
Net
Rentable
Sq.
Ft. (A)
|
Acq'n
Date (A)
|
Year
Built/
Renovated
(A)
|
|||||
Off.
Bldg.
|
London,
ON
|
323,411
|
10/98
|
1980
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Initial
Cost (B)
|
Costs
Capitalized
Subseq.
to Acq'n (B)
|
Gross
Carrying
Amount
|
Accum.
Depr.
|
Net
Carrying Value (C)
|
Encumb.
|
Occ.
(A)
|
|||||||||||||
$
19,790
|
$
|
419
|
$
|
20,209
|
$
|
(3,536
|
)
|
$
|
16,673
|
$
|
-
|
95.2
|
%
|
(A)
Unaudited.
(B)
Adjusted for changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which aggregated $0.7
million of gain and $1.4 million of gain between land, building and improvements
in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
(C)
The aggregate United States federal income tax basis for such assets at December
31, 2005 was equal to its net carrying value.
-78-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
7. |
FAIR
VALUE OF FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS
|
Fair
values for a majority of Newcastle’s investments are readily obtainable through
broker quotations. For certain of Newcastle’s financial instruments, fair values
are not readily available since there are no active trading markets as
characterized by current exchanges between willing parties. Accordingly, fair
values can only be derived or estimated for these instruments using various
valuation techniques, such as computing the present value of estimated future
cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However,
the determination of estimated future cash flows is inherently subjective and
imprecise. It should be noted that minor changes in assumptions or estimation
methodologies can have a material effect on these derived or estimated fair
values, and that the fair values reflected below are indicative of the interest
rate and credit spread environments as of December 31, 2005 and do not take
into
consideration the effects of subsequent interest rate or credit spread
fluctuations.
The
carrying values and estimated fair values of Newcastle's financial instruments
at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were as follows:
Carrying
Value
|
Principal
Balance or Notional Amount
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
||||||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
||||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||||
Assets:
|
||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities, available for sale
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
$
|
4,603,217
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
||||||
Real
estate securities portfolio deposit
|
-
|
25,411
|
-
|
-
|
25,411
|
|||||||||||
Real
estate related loans
|
615,551
|
591,890
|
619,783
|
615,865
|
600,528
|
|||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
600,682
|
654,784
|
610,970
|
609,486
|
654,784
|
|||||||||||
Interest
rate caps, treated as hedges (A)
|
2,145
|
3,554
|
342,351
|
2,145
|
3,554
|
|||||||||||
Total
return swaps (A)
|
3,096
|
399
|
414,034
|
3,096
|
399
|
|||||||||||
Liabilities:
|
||||||||||||||||
CBO
bonds payable
|
3,530,384
|
2,656,510
|
3,560,953
|
3,594,638
|
2,720,704
|
|||||||||||
Other
bonds payable
|
353,330
|
222,266
|
353,330
|
356,294
|
227,510
|
|||||||||||
Notes
payable
|
260,441
|
652,000
|
260,441
|
260,441
|
652,000
|
|||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
1,048,203
|
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
|||||||||||
Credit
facility
|
20,000
|
-
|
20,000
|
20,000
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges (B)
|
(41,170
|
)
|
13,239
|
2,943,752
|
(41,170
|
)
|
13,239
|
|||||||||
Non-hedge
derivative obligations (C)
|
90
|
796
|
See
below
|
90
|
796
|
|||||||||||
(A)
Included in Derivative Assets. The longest cap maturity is October 2015.
The
longest total return swap maturity is December 2008.
(B)
Included in Derivative Assets or Liabilities, as applicable. The longest
swap
maturity is November 2018.
(C)
Included in Derivative Assets or Liabilities, as applicable. The longest
maturity is July 2038.
-79-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
methodologies used and key assumptions made to estimate fair value are as
follows:
Real
Estate Securities, Available for Sale ¾ The
fair
value of these securities is estimated by obtaining third party broker
quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
Real
Estate Securities Portfolio Deposit ¾
The fair
value of this deposit, which is treated as a non-hedge derivative, is estimated
by obtaining third party broker quotations on the underlying securities, if
available and practicable, and counterparty quotations, including a counterparty
quotation on the portion of the fair value resulting from the Excess Carry
Amount, as defined, earned on such deposit. This deposit is more fully described
in Note 4.
Real
Estate Related Loans ¾
The ICH
loans were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by the loans’
effective rate at acquisition. The rest of the loans were valued by obtaining
third party broker quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
Residential
Mortgage Loans ¾
This
aggregate portfolio of residential loans consists of a portfolio of floating
rate residential mortgage loans as well as a portfolio of primarily fixed rate
manufactured housing loans. These loans were valued by discounting expected
future cash flows by a rate calculated based on current market conditions for
comparable financial instruments, including market interest rates and credit
spreads.
Interest
Rate Cap and Swap Agreements, Total Return Swaps and Non-Hedge Derivative
Obligations ¾
The fair
value of these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations.
The
total return swaps are more fully described in Note 5.
CBO
Bonds Payable ¾
These
bonds were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated
based on current market conditions for comparable financial instruments,
including market interest rates and credit spreads.
Other
Bonds Payable ¾ The
Bell
Canada bonds (which were repaid in 2005) were valued, in U.S. dollars at the
period end exchange rate, by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate
calculated by imputing a spread over a market index on the date of borrowing.
The ICH bonds and manufactured housing loan bonds were valued by discounting
expected future cash flows by a rate calculated based on current market
conditions for comparable financial instruments, including market interest
rates
and credit spreads.
Notes
Payable ¾
The real
estate related loan financing (which was repaid in 2005) and residential
mortgage loan financing bear floating rates of interest. They were valued by
discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated based on current
market conditions for comparable financial instruments, including market
interest rates and credit spreads.
Repurchase
Agreements ¾
These
agreements bear floating rates of interest, which reset monthly or quarterly
to
a market credit spread, and Newcastle believes that, for similar financial
instruments with comparable credit risks, the effective rates approximate market
rates. Accordingly, the carrying amounts outstanding are believed to approximate
fair value.
Credit
Facility ¾ This
facility bears a floating rate of interest. Newcastle believes that, for similar
financial instruments with comparable credit risk, the effective rate
approximates a market rate. Newcastle notes that two new banks joined the
lending group in December 2005 at the same rate. Accordingly, the carrying
amount outstanding is believed to approximate fair value.
-80-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
8. |
DEBT
OBLIGATIONS
|
The
following table presents certain information regarding Newcastle’s debt
obligations and related hedges:
Debt
Obligation/Collateral
|
Month
Issued
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Unhedged
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
|
Final
Stated Maturity
|
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
(1)
|
Weighted
Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating Rate
Debt
|
Collateral
Carrying
Value
|
Collateral
Weighted Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating
Rate Collateral
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
of
Current
Hedges
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CBO
Bonds Payable
|
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Jul
1999
|
$
|
426,653
|
$
|
436,895
|
$
|
423,191
|
$
|
432,893
|
5.67%
(2)
|
|
Jul
2038
|
4.89
|
%
|
3.18
|
$
|
331,653
|
$
|
562,803
|
5.01
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
262,732
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2002
|
444,000
|
444,000
|
441,054
|
440,427
|
5.43%
(2)
|
|
Apr
2037
|
6.56
|
%
|
4.46
|
372,000
|
498,998
|
5.61
|
56,526
|
290,000
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2003
|
472,000
|
472,000
|
468,413
|
467,905
|
5.46%
(2)
|
|
Mar
2038
|
5.08
|
%
|
6.30
|
427,800
|
516,042
|
5.25
|
142,775
|
276,060
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2003
|
460,000
|
460,000
|
455,657
|
455,115
|
5.16%
(2)
|
|
Sep
2038
|
5.38
|
%
|
6.85
|
442,500
|
506,290
|
4.71
|
180,598
|
192,500
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2004
|
414,000
|
414,000
|
410,511
|
410,018
|
5.15%
(2)
|
|
Mar
2039
|
4.94
|
%
|
6.61
|
382,750
|
444,037
|
5.27
|
214,876
|
165,300
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2004
|
454,500
|
454,500
|
450,639
|
450,152
|
5.09%
(2)
|
|
Sep
2039
|
5.03
|
%
|
7.19
|
442,500
|
494,099
|
5.80
|
221,569
|
189,373
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2005
|
447,000
|
-
|
442,379
|
-
|
4.85%
(2)
|
|
Apr
2040
|
5.10
|
%
|
8.17
|
439,600
|
481,954
|
6.54
|
193,471
|
243,337
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Dec
2005
|
442,800
|
-
|
438,540
|
-
|
4.82%
(2)
|
|
Dec
2050
|
5.14
|
%
|
9.53
|
436,800
|
497,935
|
8.49
|
97,349
|
341,506
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3,560,953
|
2,681,395
|
3,530,384
|
2,656,510
|
5.27
|
%
|
6.55
|
3,275,603
|
4,002,158
|
5.86
|
1,107,164
|
1,960,808
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other
Bonds Payable
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bell
Canada portfolio
|
Apr
2002
|
-
|
42,885
|
-
|
42,422
|
7.02%
|
|
Repaid
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ICH
loans (3)
|
(3)
|
|
141,311
|
179,844
|
141,311
|
179,844
|
6.68%
(2)
|
|
Aug
2030
|
6.68
|
%
|
1.46
|
3,605
|
161,288
|
1.55
|
3,605
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans (4)
|
Jan
2005
|
212,019
|
-
|
212,019
|
-
|
LIBOR
+1.25%
|
|
Jan
2006(7)
|
|
5.45
|
%
|
0.08
|
212,019
|
267,456
|
5.78
|
6,356
|
227,576
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
353,330
|
222,729
|
353,330
|
222,266
|
5.94
|
%
|
0.63
|
215,624
|
428,744
|
4.23
|
9,961
|
227,576
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loan
|
Nov
2003
|
-
|
67,523
|
-
|
67,523
|
LIBOR
+1.50%
|
|
Repaid
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loan
|
Feb
2004
|
-
|
40,000
|
-
|
40,000
|
LIBOR
+1.50%
|
|
Repaid
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans (4)
|
Nov
2004
|
260,441
|
544,477
|
260,441
|
544,477
|
LIBOR
+0.15%
|
|
Nov
2007
|
4.70
|
%
|
1.21
|
260,441
|
288,683
|
2.69
|
282,589
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
260,441
|
652,000
|
260,441
|
652,000
|
4.70
|
%
|
1.21
|
260,441
|
288,683
|
2.69
|
282,589
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements (4) (10)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
Rolling
|
41,853
|
67,382
|
41,853
|
67,382
|
LIBOR
+ 0.43%
|
|
Mar
2006
|
4.95
|
%
|
0.25
|
41,853
|
44,543
|
2.81
|
43,511
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS (5)
|
Rolling
|
671,526
|
195,754
|
671,526
|
195,754
|
LIBOR
+ 0.13%
|
|
Jan
2006
|
4.48
|
%
|
0.08
|
671,526
|
692,486
|
4.90
|
-
|
665,965
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Rolling
|
149,546
|
171,209
|
149,546
|
171,209
|
LIBOR
+ 0.39%
|
|
Various
(8)
|
|
4.65
|
%
|
0.16
|
149,546
|
166,737
|
5.84
|
31,450
|
89,403
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loans
|
Rolling
|
185,278
|
56,275
|
185,278
|
56,275
|
LIBOR
+ 1.01%
|
|
Various
(8)
|
|
5.38
|
%
|
0.08
|
185,278
|
266,669
|
1.82
|
266,630
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
1,048,203
|
490,620
|
4.68
|
%
|
0.10
|
1,048,203
|
1,170,435
|
4.29
|
341,591
|
755,368
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit
facility (6)
|
20,000
|
-
|
20,000
|
-
|
LIBOR
+ 2.50% (9)
|
|
Jul
2008
|
6.86
|
%
|
2.55
|
20,000
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt obligations
|
$
|
5,242,927
|
$
|
4,046,744
|
$
|
5,212,358
|
$
|
4,021,396
|
5.17
|
%
|
4.59
|
$
|
4,819,871
|
$
|
5,890,020
|
5.25
|
$
|
1,741,305
|
$
|
2,943,752
|
(1)
|
Including
the effect of applicable
hedges.
|
(2)
|
Weighted
average, including floating and fixed rate
classes.
|
(3)
|
See
Note 5.
|
(4)
|
Subject
to potential mandatory prepayments based on collateral
value.
|
(5)
|
A
maximum of $1 billion is available until November
2006.
|
(6)
|
A
maximum of $100 million can be drawn (increased from $75 million
in
February 2006).
|
(7)
|
This
financing was replaced with a new term financing in January 2006;
the new
maturity date is January
2009.
|
(8)
|
The
longest maturity is March
2006.
|
(9)
|
In
addition, unused commitment fees of between 0.125% and 0.250% are
paid.
|
(10)
|
The
counterparties on our repurchase agreements include: Bank of America
Securities LLC ($693.4million), Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation
($181.1 million), Greenwich Capital Markets Inc ($72.2 million),
Deutsche
Bank AG ($58.1 million), and other ($43.4
million).
|
-81-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Certain
of the debt obligations included above are obligations of consolidated
subsidiaries of Newcastle which own the related collateral. In some cases,
including the CBO and Other Bonds Payable, such collateral is not available
to
other creditors of Newcastle.
CBO
Bonds Payable
In
connection with the sale of two classes of CBO bonds in our first CBO, Newcastle
entered into two interest rate swaps and three interest rate cap agreements
that
do not qualify for hedge accounting.
In
November 2001, Newcastle sold the retained subordinated $17.5 million Class
E
Note from its first CBO to a third party. The sale of the Class E Note
represented an issuance of debt and was recorded as additional CBO Bonds
Payable. In April 2002, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Newcastle repurchased
the
Class E Note. The repurchase of the Class E Note represented a repayment of
debt
and was recorded as a reduction of CBO Bonds Payable. The Class E Note is
included in the collateral for Newcastle’s second CBO. The Class E Note is
eliminated in consolidation.
Two
classes of separately issued CBO bonds, with an aggregate $718.0 million face
amount, were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related agreements
whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis. $395.0 million
of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect to the timely
payment of interest and principal thereon.
In
July
2004, Newcastle refinanced $342.5 million of the AAA and AA bonds in its first
CBO. $322.5 million of AAA bonds were refinanced at LIBOR +0.30% from LIBOR
+0.65% and $20.0 million of AA bonds were refinanced at LIBOR +0.50% from LIBOR
+0.80%. In connection with this transaction, Newcastle incurred approximately
$1.5 million of costs, which are included in Gain on Sale of Investments, Net.
Other
Bonds Payable
In
October 2003, Newcastle consolidated an entity which holds a portfolio of
commercial mortgage loans which has been securitized. The primary effect of
the
consolidation is the requirement that Newcastle reflect the gross loans assets
(Note 5) and gross bonds payable of this entity in its financial statements.
Maturity
Table
Newcastle’s
debt obligations (gross of $30.6 million of discounts at December 31, 2005)
have
contractual maturities as follows (in millions):
2006
|
$
|
1,260,222
|
||
2007
|
260,441
|
|||
2008
|
20,000
|
|||
2009
|
-
|
|||
2010
|
-
|
|||
Thereafter
|
3,702,264
|
|||
$
|
5,242,927
|
-82-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
9. |
STOCK
OPTION PLAN AND EARNINGS PER
SHARE
|
Newcastle
is required to present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”). Basic
EPS is calculated by dividing net income available for common stockholders
by
the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each
period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income available for common
stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding plus the additional dilutive effect of common stock equivalents
during each period. Newcastle’s common stock equivalents are its stock options.
During 2005, 2004 and 2003, based on the treasury stock method, Newcastle had
314,125, 614,038 and 242,489 dilutive common stock equivalents, respectively,
resulting from its outstanding options. Net income available for common
stockholders is equal to net income less preferred dividends.
In
June
2002, Newcastle (with the approval of the board of directors) adopted a
nonqualified stock option and incentive award plan (the "Newcastle Option
Plan'') for officers, directors, consultants and advisors, including the Manager
and its employees. The maximum available for issuance is equal to 10% of the
number of outstanding equity interests of Newcastle, subject to a maximum of
10,000,000 shares in the aggregate over the term of the plan.
The
non-employee directors have been, in accordance with the Newcastle Option Plan,
automatically granted options to acquire an aggregate of 18,000 shares of common
stock. The fair value of such options was not material at the date of grant.
Through
December 31, 2005, for the purpose of compensating the Manager for its
successful efforts in raising capital for Newcastle, the Manager has been
granted options representing the right to acquire 2,655,727 shares of common
stock, with strike prices subject to adjustment as necessary to preserve the
value of such options in connection with the occurrence of certain events
(including capital dividends and capital distributions made by Newcastle).
The
Manager options represented an amount equal to 10% of the shares of common
stock
of Newcastle sold in its public offerings and the value of such options was
recorded as an increase in stockholders’ equity with an offsetting reduction of
capital proceeds received. The options granted to the Manager, which may be
assigned by the Manager to its employees, were fully vested on the date of
grant
and one thirtieth of the options become exercisable on the first day of each
of
the following thirty calendar months, or earlier upon the occurrence of certain
events, such as
a
change in control of Newcastle
or the termination of the Management Agreement. The options expire ten years
from the date of issuance.
-83-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
following table summarizes our outstanding options at December 31, 2005. Note
that the last sales price on the New York Stock Exchange for our common stock
in
the year ended December 31, 2005 was $24.85.
Recipient
|
Date
of Grant/
Exercise
|
Number
of Options
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
Fair
Value
At
Grant Date
(millions)
|
|||||||||
Directors
|
Various
|
18,000
|
$
|
17.38
|
Not
Material
|
||||||||
Manager
(B)
|
October
2002
|
700,000
|
$
|
13.00
|
$
|
0.4
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Manager
(B)
|
July
2003
|
460,000
|
$
|
20.35
|
$
|
0.8
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Manager
(B)
|
December
2003
|
328,227
|
$
|
22.85
|
$
|
0.4
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Manager
(B)
|
January
2004
|
330,000
|
$
|
26.30
|
$
|
0.6
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Manager
(B)
|
May
2004
|
345,000
|
$
|
25.75
|
$
|
0.5
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Manager
(B)
|
November
2004
|
162,500
|
$
|
31.40
|
$
|
0.5
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Manager
(B)
|
January
2005
|
330,000
|
$
|
29.60
|
$
|
1.1
(A
|
)
|
||||||
Exercised
(B)
|
Prior
to 2005
|
(110,000
|
)
|
$
|
13.31
|
||||||||
Exercised
(B)
|
2005
|
(751,920
|
)
|
$
|
15.55
|
||||||||
Outstanding
|
1,811,807
|
$
|
25.14
|
(A) |
The
fair value of the options was estimated using a binomial option pricing
model. Since the Newcastle Option Plan has characteristics significantly
different from those of traded options, and since the assumptions
used in
such model, particularly the volatility assumption, are subject to
significant judgment and variability, the actual value of the options
could vary materially from management’s estimate. The assumptions used in
such model were as follows:
|
Date
of Grant
|
Volatility
|
Dividend
Yield
|
Expected
Life (Years)
|
Risk-Free
Rate
|
|||||||||
October
2002
|
15
|
%
|
13.85
|
%
|
10
|
4.05
|
%
|
||||||
July
2003
|
15
|
%
|
9.83
|
%
|
10
|
3.63
|
%
|
||||||
December
2003
|
15
|
%
|
8.75
|
%
|
10
|
4.23
|
%
|
||||||
January
2004
|
15
|
%
|
7.60
|
%
|
10
|
4.23
|
%
|
||||||
May
2004
|
15
|
%
|
9.32
|
%
|
10
|
4.77
|
%
|
||||||
November
2004
|
18
|
%
|
7.64
|
%
|
10
|
4.21
|
%
|
||||||
January
2005
|
21
|
%
|
8.45
|
%
|
10
|
4.27
|
%
|
The
volatility assumption for options issued in 2005 was estimated based primarily
on the historical volatility of Newcastle’s common stock and management’s
expectations regarding future volatility. The expected life assumption for
options issued subsequent to January 2005 was estimated based on the simplified
term method.
(B)
|
The
Manager assigned certain of its options to its employees as
follows:
|
Year
Assigned
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
Strike
Price
|
2004
|
2003
|
Total Inception
to Date |
|||||||
$13.00
|
267,750
|
1,750
|
269,500
|
|||||||
$20.35
|
192,050
|
1,150
|
193,200
|
|||||||
$22.85
|
139,355
|
-
|
139,355
|
|||||||
$26.30
|
127,050
|
-
|
127,050
|
|||||||
$31.40
|
62,563
|
-
|
62,563
|
|||||||
Total
|
788,768
|
2,900
|
791,668
|
670,620
of the total options exercised were by the Manager. 187,300 of the total options
exercised were by employees of the Manager subsequent to their assignment.
4,000
of the total options exercised were by directors.
-84-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
10. |
MANAGEMENT
AGREEMENT AND RELATED PARTY
TRANSACTIONS
|
Manager
Newcastle
entered into the Management Agreement with the Manager in June 2002, which
provided for an initial term of one year with automatic one year extensions,
subject to certain termination rights. After the initial one year term, the
Manager's performance is reviewed annually and the Management Agreement may
be
terminated by Newcastle by payment of a termination fee, as defined in the
Management Agreement, equal to the amount of management fees earned by the
Manager during the twelve consecutive calendar months immediately preceding
the
termination, upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the independent
directors, or by a majority vote of the holders of common stock. Pursuant to
the
Management Agreement, the Manager, under the supervision of Newcastle’s board of
directors, formulates investment strategies, arranges for the acquisition of
assets, arranges for financing, monitors the performance of Newcastle's assets
and provides certain advisory, administrative and managerial services in
connection with the operations of Newcastle. For performing these services,
Newcastle pays the Manager an annual management fee equal to 1.5% of the gross
equity of Newcastle, as defined.
The
Management Agreement provides that Newcastle will reimburse the Manager for
various expenses incurred by the Manager or its officers, employees and agents
on Newcastle's behalf, including costs of legal, accounting, tax, auditing,
administrative and other similar services rendered for Newcastle by providers
retained by the Manager or, if provided by the Manager's employees, in amounts
which are no greater than those which would be payable to outside professionals
or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant to agreements
negotiated on an arm's-length basis.
To
provide an incentive for the Manager to enhance the value of the common stock,
the Manager is entitled to receive an incentive return (the "Incentive
Compensation'') on a cumulative, but not compounding, basis in an amount equal
to the product of (A) 25% of the dollar amount by which (1) (a) the Funds from
Operations, as defined (before the Incentive Compensation) of Newcastle per
share of common stock (based on the weighted average number of shares of common
stock outstanding) plus (b) gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and from
sales of property and other assets per share of common stock (based on the
weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding), exceed (2)
an
amount equal to (a) the weighted average of the price per share of common stock
in the IPO and the value attributed to the net assets transferred to us by
our
predecessor, and in any subsequent offerings by Newcastle (adjusted for prior
capital dividends or capital distributions) multiplied by (b) a simple interest
rate of 10% per annum (divided by four to adjust for quarterly calculations)
multiplied by (B) the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding.
Amounts
Incurred (in millions)
|
||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||||||
Management
Fee
|
$
|
12.8
|
$
|
10.1
|
$
|
6.0
|
||||
Expense
Reimbursement
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|||||||
Incentive
Compensation
|
7.6
|
8.0
|
6.2
|
At
December 31, 2005, an affiliate of the Manager, and its principals, owned 2.9
million shares of Newcastle’s common stock and had options to purchase an
additional 1.2 million shares of Newcastle’s common stock (Note 9).
At
December 31, 2005, Due To Affiliates is comprised of $7.6 million of incentive
compensation payable and $1.2 million of management fees and expense
reimbursements payable to the Manager.
Other
Affiliates
In
November 2003, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate
of our manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 38% interest
in a limited liability company (Note 3) that has acquired a pool of franchise
loans from a third party financial institution. Newcastle’s investment in this
entity, reflected as an investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on
Newcastle’s consolidated balance sheet, was approximately $17.8
million at December 31, 2005. The remaining approximately 24% interest in the
limited liability company is owned by the above-referenced third party financial
institution.
-85-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
As
of
December 31, 2005, Newcastle owned an aggregate of approximately $48.5 million
of securities of Global Signal Trust I and II , special purpose vehicles
established by Global Signal Inc., which were purchased in private placements
from underwriters in January 2004 and April 2005. One of Newcastle’s directors
is the CEO, chairman of the board, and President of Global Signal, Inc. and
private equity funds managed by an affiliate of Newcastle’s manager own a
significant portion of Global Signal Inc.’s common stock. In February 2006,
Newcastle purchased from an underwriter $91.0 million face amount of BBB- and
BB+ rated securities of Global Signal Trust III, a special purpose vehicle
established by Global Signal, Inc. Pursuant to an underwritten 144A offering,
approximately $1,550.0 million of Global Signal Trust III securities were issued
in 8 classes, rated AAA through BB+, of which the BBB- and BB+ classes
aggregated $188.3 million. The balance of the BBB- and BB+ securities were
sold
on identical terms to third parties. A portion of the proceeds were used to
repay $402.7 million of indebtedness of Global Signal, Inc., of which Newcastle
owned $31.5 million, and to fund the prepayment penalty associated with this
debt.
In
March
2004, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of
Newcastle’s manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 49%
interest in two limited liability companies (Note 3) that have acquired, in
a
sale-leaseback transaction, a portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores
from a public company. The properties are subject to a number of master leases,
the initial term of which in each case is a minimum of 15 years. This investment
was financed with nonrecourse debt at the limited liability company level and
Newcastle’s investment in this entity, reflected as an investment in an
unconsolidated subsidiary on Newcastle’s consolidated balance sheet, was
approximately $12.2 million at December 31, 2005. In March 2005, the property
management agreement related to these properties was transferred to an affiliate
of Newcastle’s manager from a third party servicer; Newcastle’s allocable
portion of the related fees, approximately $20,000 per year for three years,
was
not changed.
In
December 2004, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate
of Newcastle’s manager each made an initial investment in a new real estate
related loan (Note 5) with a maximum loan amount of $128 million, subject to
being drawn down under certain conditions. The loan is secured by a mezzanine
loan on one of the phases and a first mortgage on the remaining phases of a
large development project and related assets. Newcastle owns a 27.3% interest
in
the loan and the private investment fund owns a 72.7% interest in the loan.
Major decisions require the unanimous approval of holders of interests in the
loan, while other decisions require the approval of a majority of holders of
interests in the loan, based on their percentage interests therein. Newcastle
and our affiliated investment fund are each entitled to transfer all or any
portion of their respective interests in the loan to third parties. Newcastle’s
investment in this loan was approximately $22.4 million at December 31,
2005.
In
January 2005, Newcastle entered into a servicing agreement with a portfolio
company of a private equity fund advised by an affiliate of Newcastle’s manager
for them to service a portfolio of manufactured housing loans (Note 5), which
was acquired at the same time. As compensation under the servicing agreement,
the portfolio company will receive, on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee
equal to 1.00% per annum on the unpaid principal balance of the loans being
serviced. The outstanding unpaid principal balance of this portfolio was
approximately $284.9 million at December 31, 2005. In January 2006, Newcastle
closed on a new term financing of this portfolio. In connection with this term
financing, Newcastle renewed its servicing agreement at the same
terms.
In
each
instance described above, affiliates of Newcastle’s manager have an investment
in the applicable affiliated fund and receive from the fund, in addition to
management fees, incentive compensation if the fund’s aggregate investment
returns exceed certain thresholds.
-86-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
11. |
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
Remarketing
Agreements ¾
Two
classes of separately issued CBO bonds (Note 8), with an aggregate $718.0
million face amount, were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related
agreements whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis.
$395.0 million of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect
to
the timely payment of interest and principal thereon, pursuant to a financial
guaranty insurance policy (“wrap”). Newcastle pays annual fees of 0.12% of the
outstanding face amount of such bonds under this agreement.
In
connection with the remarketing procedures described above, backstop agreements
have been created whereby a third party financial institution is required to
purchase the $718.0 million face amount of bonds at the end of any remarketing
period if such bonds could not be resold in the market by the remarketing agent.
Newcastle pays an annual fee of between 0.15% and 0.20% of the outstanding
face
amount of such bonds under these agreements.
In
addition, the remarketing agent is paid an annual fee of 0.05% of the
outstanding face amount of such bonds under the remarketing
agreements.
Real
Estate Securities Portfolio Deposit ¾
During
periods when such a deposit is outstanding, Newcastle has the option to purchase
certain real estate securities and loans from an investment bank. To the extent
that such securities decline in value, Newcastle must either purchase such
securities or lose an amount equal to the lesser of such decline or its deposit.
See Note 4.
Loan
Commitment—
With
respect to one of its real estate related loans, Newcastle was committed to
fund
up to an additional $11.9 million at December 31, 2005, subject to certain
conditions to be met by the borrower.
Stockholder
Rights Agreement ¾
Newcastle has adopted a stockholder rights agreement (the "Rights Agreement'').
Pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement, Newcastle will attach to each
share of common stock one preferred stock purchase right (a "Right''). Each
Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from Newcastle a unit
consisting of one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participation
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $70 per
unit.
Initially, the Rights are not exercisable and are attached to and transfer
and
trade with the outstanding shares of common stock. The Rights will separate
from
the common stock and will become exercisable upon the acquisition or tender
offer to acquire a 15% beneficial ownership interest by an acquiring person,
as
defined. The effect of the Rights Agreement will be to dilute the acquiring
party's beneficial interest. Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof,
as
such, will have no rights as a stockholder of Newcastle.
Litigation
¾
Newcastle is, from time to time, a defendant in legal actions from transactions
conducted in the ordinary course of business. Management, after consultation
with legal counsel, believes the ultimate liability arising from such actions
which existed at December 31, 2005, if any, will not materially affect
Newcastle’s consolidated results of operations or financial
position.
Environmental
Costs ¾
As a
commercial real estate owner, Newcastle is subject to potential environmental
costs. At December 31, 2005, management of Newcastle is not aware of any
environmental concerns that would have a material adverse effect on Newcastle's
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Debt
Covenants ¾ Newcastle's
debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. Such covenants do
not, in management's opinion, materially restrict Newcastle's investment
strategy or ability to raise capital at this time. Newcastle is in compliance
with all of its loan covenants at December 31, 2005.
Exit
Fee ¾ One
of
Newcastle’s loan investments provides for a $50 million contractual exit fee
which Newcastle will begin to accrue if and when management believes it is
probable that such exit fee will be received.
-87-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
12. |
INCOME
TAXES AND DIVIDENDS
|
Newcastle
Investment Corp. is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a REIT
under the Code. A REIT will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate
income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders
if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders
by
prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements.
Since
Newcastle distributed 100% of its 2005, 2004 and 2003 REIT taxable income,
no
provision has been made for U.S. federal corporate income taxes in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements, except in connection with
Newcastle’s taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).
Distributions
relating to 2005, 2004, and 2003 were taxable as follows:
|
Book
Basis
Dividends
Per Share (A)
|
Tax
Basis
Dividends
Per Share (A)
|
Ordinary/
Qualified
Income
|
Captial
Gains
|
Return
of Capital
|
|||||||||||
2005
|
$
|
2.500
|
$
|
2.540
|
86.41
|
%
|
13.59
|
%
|
None
|
|||||||
2004
|
$
|
2.425
|
$
|
2.432
|
76.60
|
%
|
23.40
|
%
|
None
|
|||||||
2003
|
$
|
1.950
|
$
|
1.843
|
77.66
|
%
|
22.34
|
%
|
None
|
|||||||
|
(A)
Any excess of book basis dividends over tax basis dividends would generally
be
carried forward to the next year for tax purposes.
Dividends
in Excess of Earnings includes ($14.5 million) related to the operations of
our
predecessor.
Newcastle
has elected to treat NC Circle Holdings II LLC as a taxable REIT subsidiary
(“TRS”), effective February 27, 2004. NC Circle Holdings II LLC owned a portion
of Newcastle’s investment in a portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores as
described in Note 3. For taxable income generated by NC Circle Holdings II
LLC,
Newcastle has provided for relevant income taxes based on a blended statutory
rate of 40%. Newcastle accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability
method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the
future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their
respective tax bases. No such material differences have been recognized through
December 31, 2005.
13. |
SUBSEQUENT
EVENTS
|
In
February 2006, employees of the Manager exercised options to acquire 54,000
shares of Newcastle’s common stock for net proceeds of $1.1
million.
In
January 2006, Newcastle closed on a three year term financing of its
manufactured housing loan portfolio which provided for an initial financing
amount of approximately $237.1 million. The financing bears interest at LIBOR
+
1.25%. The lender received an upfront structuring fee equal to 0.75% of the
initial financing amount. Newcastle entered into an interest rate swap in order
to hedge its exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates with
respect to this debt. In connection with this term financing, Newcastle renewed
its servicing agreement on these loans, with a portfolio company of a private
equity fund advised by an affiliate of our manager, at the same
terms.
In
March
2006, Newcastle, through a consolidated subsidiary, acquired a portfolio of
approximately 11,300 subprime residential mortgage loans for $1.50 billion.
The
loans, substantially all of which were current at the time of acquisition,
are
66% floating rate and 34% fixed rate. Their weighted average coupon is 7.6%
and
the loans have a weighted average remaining term of 345 months. This acquisition
was initially funded with an approximately $1.47 billion repurchase agreement
which bears interest at LIBOR + 0.50%. Newcastle entered into an interest rate
swap in order to hedge its exposure to the risk of changes in market interest
rates with respect to this debt. Newcastle expects to finance this investment
on
a long term basis through the securitization markets in the upcoming
months.
-88-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
14. |
SUMMARY
QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(UNAUDITED)
|
The
following is unaudited summary information on Newcastle’s quarterly
operations.
2005
|
||||||||||||||||
Quarter
Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
March
31 (A)
|
June
30 (A)
|
September
30 (A)
|
December
31
|
Year
Ended
December
31
|
||||||||||||
Gross
Revenues
|
$
|
83,663
|
$
|
92,065
|
$
|
99,850
|
$
|
102,635
|
$
|
378,213
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(9,114
|
)
|
(8,832
|
)
|
(12,934
|
)
|
(11,008
|
)
|
(41,888
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income
|
74,549
|
83,233
|
86,916
|
91,627
|
336,325
|
|||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(48,766
|
)
|
(55,791
|
)
|
(58,681
|
)
|
(63,208
|
)
|
(226,446
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
(136
|
)
|
(135
|
)
|
(182
|
)
|
(188
|
)
|
(641
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (B)
|
1,853
|
1,393
|
1,061
|
1,302
|
5,609
|
|||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
27,500
|
28,700
|
29,114
|
29,533
|
114,847
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
1,184
|
781
|
86
|
57
|
2,108
|
|||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(2,114
|
)
|
(6,684
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
27,161
|
$
|
27,957
|
$
|
27,677
|
$
|
27,476
|
$
|
110,271
|
||||||
Net
Income per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.64
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.53
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.62
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.51
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock,
after preferred dividends and related accretion
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.62
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.48
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.59
|
$
|
0.61
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.46
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.03
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.05
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.03
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.05
|
||||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
outstanding
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
43,222
|
43,768
|
43,790
|
43,897
|
43,672
|
|||||||||||
Diluted
|
43,629
|
44,127
|
44,121
|
44,059
|
43,986
|
2004
|
||||||||||||||||
Quarter
Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
March
31 (A)
|
June
30 (A)
|
September
30 (A)
|
December
31
|
Year
Ended
December
31
|
||||||||||||
Gross
Revenues
|
$
|
55,309
|
$
|
61,612
|
$
|
63,146
|
$
|
69,602
|
$
|
249,669
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(7,333
|
)
|
(6,354
|
)
|
(7,822
|
)
|
(7,299
|
)
|
(28,808
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income
|
47,976
|
55,258
|
55,324
|
62,303
|
220,861
|
|||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(28,091
|
)
|
(32,615
|
)
|
(33,612
|
)
|
(42,080
|
)
|
(136,398
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
(113
|
)
|
(95
|
)
|
(108
|
)
|
(135
|
)
|
(451
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (B)
|
1,223
|
2,218
|
3,179
|
3,337
|
9,957
|
|||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
20,995
|
24,766
|
24,783
|
23,425
|
93,969
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
856
|
(1,591
|
)
|
185
|
4,996
|
4,446
|
||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
20,328
|
$
|
21,651
|
$
|
23,445
|
$
|
26,897
|
$
|
92,321
|
||||||
Net
Income per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.59
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.61
|
$
|
0.70
|
$
|
2.50
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.58
|
$
|
0.59
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.69
|
$
|
2.46
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock,
after preferred dividends and related accretion
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.57
|
$
|
0.64
|
$
|
0.61
|
$
|
0.56
|
$
|
2.38
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.56
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.55
|
$
|
2.34
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.04
|
)
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.14
|
$
|
0.12
|
|||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.04
|
)
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.14
|
$
|
0.12
|
|||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
outstanding
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
34,402
|
36,161
|
38,234
|
38,941
|
36,944
|
|||||||||||
Diluted
|
34,976
|
36,671
|
38,883
|
39,663
|
37,558
|
-89-
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
2003
|
||||||||||||||||
Quarter
Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
March
31 (A)
|
June
30 (A)
|
September
30 (A)
|
December
31
|
Year
Ended
December
31
|
||||||||||||
Gross
Revenues
|
$
|
28,429
|
$
|
35,577
|
$
|
37,905
|
$
|
50,173
|
$
|
152,084
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(4,231
|
)
|
(4,880
|
)
|
(5,004
|
)
|
(6,308
|
)
|
(20,423
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income
|
24,198
|
30,697
|
32,901
|
43,865
|
131,661
|
|||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(13,336
|
)
|
(18,348
|
)
|
(18,693
|
)
|
(26,500
|
)
|
(76,877
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
(80
|
)
|
(101
|
)
|
(105
|
)
|
(119
|
)
|
(405
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (B)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
862
|
862
|
|||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
10,782
|
12,248
|
14,103
|
18,108
|
55,241
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
321
|
1,169
|
603
|
(1,216
|
)
|
877
|
||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(203
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(4,773
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
10,900
|
$
|
11,893
|
$
|
13,183
|
$
|
15,369
|
$
|
51,345
|
||||||
Net
Income per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
0.51
|
$
|
0.48
|
$
|
0.53
|
$
|
1.98
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
0.50
|
$
|
0.48
|
$
|
0.52
|
$
|
1.96
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock,
after preferred dividends and related accretion
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.45
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
0.57
|
$
|
1.94
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.45
|
$
|
0.45
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
0.56
|
$
|
1.92
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common
|
||||||||||||||||
stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.04
|
)
|
$
|
0.04
|
|||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.04
|
)
|
$
|
0.04
|
|||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
outstanding
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
23,489
|
23,489
|
27,340
|
29,197
|
25,898
|
|||||||||||
Diluted
|
23,620
|
23,679
|
27,620
|
29,563
|
26,141
|
(A) |
The
Income Available for Common Stockholders shown agrees with Newcastle’s
quarterly report(s) on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and
Exchange
Commission. However, individual line items may vary from such report(s)
due to the operations of properties sold, or classified as held for
sale,
during subsequent periods being retroactively reclassified to Income
for
Discontinued Operations for all periods presented (Note
5).
|
(B)
|
Net
of income taxes on related taxable
subsidiaries.
|
-90-
None.
(a) |
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures. The Company’s management, with the participation
of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has
evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d -15(e)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. The Company’s
disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable
assurance that information is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported
accurately and on a timely basis. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded
that,
as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures are effective.
|
(b) |
Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes
in the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Acts)
during
the most recent fiscal quarter to which this report relates that
have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect,
the
Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.
|
Management
of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting
is
defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the
Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by
the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and includes
those
policies and procedures that:
·
|
pertain
to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately
and
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of
the
Company;
|
·
|
provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary
to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States, and that receipts
and
expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
|
·
|
provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that
could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
|
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect all misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may
become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management
assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2005. In making this assessment, management used
the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework.
Based
on
our assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2005, the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed and operating
effectively.
The
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued an audit
report on our assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. This report appears at the beginning of “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
By: /s/ Wesley R. Edens | |||
Wesley R. Edens |
|||
Chairman of the Board | |||
By: /s/ Debra A. Hess | |||
Debra A. Hess |
|||
Chief Financial Officer | |||
None.
-91-
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
-92-
(a)
|
and
(c) Financial statements and
schedules:
|
See
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
(b)
|
Exhibits
filed with this Form 10-K:
|
3.1
|
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement (incorporated by reference to the
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-90578),
Exhibit 3.1).
|
3.2
|
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series B Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended March 31, 2003, Exhibit 3.3).
|
3.3
|
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series C Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.3, filed on
October 25, 2005).
|
3.4
|
By-laws
(incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on
Form S-11, (File No. 333-90578), Exhibit
3.2).
|
4.1
|
Rights
Agreement between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and
Trust
Company, as Rights Agent, dated October 16, 2002 (incorporated by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended September 30, 2003, Exhibit
4.1).
|
10.1
|
Amended
and Restated Management and Advisory Agreement by and among the Registrant
and Fortress Investment Group LLC, dated June 23 2003 (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Statement on Form S-11 (File No.
333-106135), Exhibit 10.1).
|
10.2
|
Newcastle
Investment Corp. Nonqualified Stock Option and Incentive Award Plan
Amended and Restated Effective as of February 11,
2004.
|
12.1 |
Statements
re: Computation of Ratios
|
21.1
|
Subsidiaries
of the Registrant.
|
23.1 |
Consent
of Ernst & Young LLP, independent
accountants.
|
31.1
|
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
-93-
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of
1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized:
NEWCASTLE INVESTMENT CORP. | ||
March 15, 2006 | ||
|
|
|
By: | /s/ Wesley R. Edens | |
Wesley R. Edens |
||
Chairman of the Board |
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this
report has been signed below by the following person on behalf of the Registrant
and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
March 15, 2006 | |||
By: /s/ Wesley R. Edens | |||
Wesley R. Edens |
|||
Chief Executive Officer |
March 15, 2006 | |||
By: /s/ Debra A. Hess | |||
Debra A. Hess |
|||
Chief Financial Officer |
March 15, 2006 | |||
By: /s/ Kevin J. Finnerty | |||
Kevin J. Finnerty |
|||
Director |
March 15, 2006 | |||
By: /s/ Stuart A. McFarland | |||
Stuart A. McFarland |
|||
Director |
March 15, 2006 | |||
By: /s/ David K. McKown | |||
David K. McKown |
|||
Director |
March 15, 2006 | |||
By: /s/ Peter M. Miller | |||
Peter M. Miller |
|||
Director |
-94-
Exhibit
Index
3.1
|
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement (incorporated by reference to the
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-90578),
Exhibit 3.1).
|
3.2
|
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series B Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended March 31, 2003, Exhibit 3.3).
|
3.3
|
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series C Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.3, filed on
October 25, 2005).
|
3.4 |
By-laws
(incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on
Form S-11, (File No. 333-90578), Exhibit
3.2).
|
4.1 |
Rights
Agreement between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and
Trust
Company, as Rights Agent, dated October 16, 2002 (incorporated by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended September 30, 2002, Exhibit
4.1).
|
10.1
|
Amended
and Restated Management and Advisory Agreement by and among the Registrant
and Fortress Investment Group LLC, dated June 23, 2003 (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Statement on Form S-11 (File No.
333-106135), Exhibit 10.1).
|
10.2
|
Newcastle
Investment Corp. Nonqualified Stock Option and Incentive Award Plan
Amended and Restated Effective as of February 11,
2004.
|
12.1 |
Statements
re: Computation of Ratios
|
21.1
|
Subsidiaries
of the Registrant.
|
23.1 |
Consent
of Ernst & Young LLP, independent
accountants.
|
31.1 |
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
32.1 |
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
-95-