Drive Shack Inc. - Annual Report: 2006 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
x |
ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
|
For
the
fiscal year ended December
31,
2006
or
o |
TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
|
For
the
transition period from to
Commission
File Number: 001-31458
Newcastle
Investment
Corp.
|
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its
charter)
|
Maryland
|
81-0559116
|
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
|
|
or
organization)
|
|
1345
Avenue of the Americas, New York,
NY
|
10105
|
(Address
of principal executive
offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: (212) 798-6100
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:
Title
of each class:
|
Name
of exchange on which registered:
|
Common
Stock, $0.01 par value per share
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
9.75%
Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred
|
|
Stock,
$0.01 par value per share
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
8.05%
Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred
|
|
Stock,
$0.01 par value per share
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
x
Yes
o
No
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
o
Yes
x
No
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days.
x
Yes
o No
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
form 10-K o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated
filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
One):
Large Accelerated Filer x | Accelerated Filer o | Non-accelerated Filer o |
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). (Check One):
o
Yes
x
No
The
aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates as
of
June 30, 2006 (computed based on the closing price on such date as reported
on
the NYSE) was: $1.0 billion.
Indicate
the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common
stock, as of the last practicable date.
Common
stock, $0.01 par value per share: 48,137,099 outstanding as of February 16,
2007.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
1. |
Portions
of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the Registrant’s 2007
annual meeting, to be filed within 120 days after the close of the
Registrant’s fiscal year, are incorporated by reference into Part III of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
|
CAUTIONARY
STATEMENTS
This
report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking
statements relate to, among other things, the operating performance of our
investments, the stability of our earnings, and our financing needs.
Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking
terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,”
“endeavor,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “overestimate,” “underestimate,”
“believe,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” “continue” or other similar words or
expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions,
discuss future expectations, describe future plans and strategies, contain
projections of results of operations or of financial condition or state other
forward-looking information. Our ability to predict results or the actual effect
of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although we believe
that
the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on
reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ
materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. These
forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that
may cause our actual results in future periods to differ materially from
forecasted results. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our
operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to, our ability
to
take advantage of opportunities in additional asset classes at attractive
risk-adjusted prices, our ability to deploy capital accretively, the risks
that
default and recovery rates on our loan portfolios exceed our underwriting
estimates, the relationship between yields on assets which are paid off and
yields on assets in which such monies can be reinvested, the relative spreads
between the yield on the assets we invest in and the cost of financing, changes
in economic conditions generally and the real estate and bond markets
specifically; adverse changes in the financing markets we access affecting
our
ability to finance our investments, or in a manner that maintains our historic
net spreads; changes in interest rates and/or credit spreads, as well as the
success of our hedging strategy in relation to such changes; the quality and
size of the investment pipeline and the rate at which we can invest our cash,
including cash inside our CBOs; impairments in the value of the collateral
underlying our investments and the relation of any such impairments to our
judgments as to whether changes in the market value of our securities, loans
or
real estate are temporary or not and whether circumstances bearing on the value
of such assets warrant changes in carrying values; legislative/regulatory
changes; completion of pending investments; the availability and cost of capital
for future investments; competition within the finance and real estate
industries; and other risks detailed from time to time below and in our other
SEC reports.
Readers
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking
statements, which reflect our management’s views as of the date of this report.
The factors noted above could cause our actual results to differ significantly
from those contained in any forward-looking statement. For a discussion of
our
critical accounting policies see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Application of Critical
Accounting Policies.”
Although
we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements
are
reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance
or achievements. We are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking
statements after the date of this report to conform these statements to actual
results.
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP.
FORM
10-K
INDEX
Page
|
||
PART
I
|
|
|
Item
1.
|
Business
|
1
|
Item
1A.
|
Risk
Factors
|
12
|
Item
1B.
|
Unresolved
Staff Comments
|
23
|
Item
2.
|
Properties
|
23
|
Item
3.
|
Legal
Proceedings
|
23
|
Item
4.
|
Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
|
23
|
PART
II
|
|
|
Item
5.
|
Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and
Issuer
|
|
Purchases
of Equity Securities
|
23
|
|
Item
6.
|
Selected
Financial Data
|
25
|
Item
7.
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
|
|
Results
of Operations
|
27
|
|
Item
7A.
|
Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
47
|
Item
8.
|
Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
|
52
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
53
|
|
Report
on Internal Control over Financial Reporting of Independent
Registered
|
|
|
Public
Accounting Firm
|
54
|
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and December 31,
2005
|
55
|
|
Consolidated
Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2006,
2005
|
|
|
and
2004
|
56
|
|
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended
|
|
|
December
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
|
57
|
|
|
||
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
|
|
|
and
2004
|
59
|
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
61
|
|
Item
9.
|
Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
|
96
|
Item
9A.
|
Controls
and Procedures
|
96
|
Management’s
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
|
96
|
|
Item
9B.
|
Other
Information
|
97
|
PART
III
|
|
|
Item
10.
|
Directors,
Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
|
98
|
Item
11.
|
Executive
Compensation
|
98
|
Item
12.
|
Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and
Related
|
|
Stockholder
Matters
|
98
|
|
Item
13.
|
Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence
|
98
|
Item
14.
|
Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
|
98
|
PART
IV
|
|
|
Item
15.
|
Exhibits;
Financial Statement Schedules
|
99
|
Signatures
|
100
|
PART
I
Item
1. Business.
Overview
Newcastle
Investment Corp. (“Newcastle”) is a real estate investment and finance company.
We invest with the objective of producing long term, stable returns under
varying interest rate and credit cycles, with a moderate amount of credit risk.
Newcastle invests in real estate securities, loans and other real estate related
assets. In addition, we consider other opportunistic investments which
capitalize on our manager’s expertise and which we believe present attractive
risk/return profiles and are consistent with our investment guidelines. We
seek
to deliver stable dividends and attractive risk-adjusted returns to our
stockholders through prudent asset selection, active management and the use
of
match funded financing structures, when appropriate, which reduces our interest
rate and financing risks. We make money by optimizing our “net spread,” the
difference between the yield on our investments and the cost of financing these
investments. We emphasize asset quality, diversification, match funded financing
and credit risk management.
Our
investment activities cover four distinct categories:
1)
Real Estate Securities:
|
We
underwrite and acquire a diversified portfolio of moderately credit
sensitive real estate securities, including commercial mortgage backed
securities (CMBS), senior unsecured REIT debt issued by property
REITs,
real estate related asset backed securities (ABS) and agency residential
mortgage backed securities (RMBS). We generally target investments
rated A
through BB, except for our agency RMBS which are generally considered
AAA
rated. As of December 31, 2006, our investments in real estate securities
represented 74.6% of our assets.
|
2)
Real Estate Related Loans:
|
We
acquire and originate loans to well capitalized real estate owners
with
strong track records and compelling business plans, including B-notes,
mezzanine loans, bank loans, and real estate loans. As of December
31,
2006, our investments in real estate related loans represented 11.0%
of
our assets.
|
3)
Residential Mortgage Loans:
|
We
acquire residential mortgage loans, including manufactured
|
housing
loans and subprime mortgage loans, that we believe will produce attractive
risk-adjusted returns. As of December 31, 2006, our investments in
residential mortgage loans represented 13.7% of our assets.
|
|
4)
Operating Real Estate:
|
We
acquire direct and indirect interests in operating real estate. As
of
December 31, 2006, our investments in operating real estate represented
0.6% of our assets.
|
In
addition, Newcastle had uninvested cash and other miscellaneous net assets
which
represented 0.1% of our assets at December 31, 2006.
Underpinning
our investment activities is a disciplined approach to acquiring, financing
and
actively managing our assets. Our principal objective is to acquire a highly
diversified portfolio of debt investments secured by real estate that has
moderate credit risk and sufficient liquidity. Newcastle primarily utilizes
a
match funded financing strategy, when appropriate, in order to minimize
refinancing and interest rate risks. This means that we seek both to match
the
maturities of our debt obligations with the maturities of our investments,
in
order to minimize the risk that we have to refinance our liabilities prior
to
the maturities of our assets, and to match the interest rates on our investments
with like-kind debt (i.e. floating or fixed), in order to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings. Finally, we actively manage credit
exposure through portfolio diversification and ongoing asset selection and
surveillance. Newcastle, through its manager, has a dedicated team of senior
investment professionals experienced in real estate capital markets, structured
finance and asset management. We believe that these critical skills position
us
well not only to make prudent investment decisions but also to monitor and
manage the credit profile of our investments.
Newcastle’s
stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “NCT”. Newcastle
is a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes and is
externally managed and advised by an affiliate of Fortress Investment Group
LLC,
or Fortress. Fortress is a global alternative investment and asset management
firm with over $30 billion in assets under management as of December 31, 2006.
Fortress, which was founded in 1998, became the first global alternative asset
manager listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: FIG) in February 2007.
We
believe that our manager’s expertise and significant business relationships with
participants in the fixed income, structured finance and real estate industries
has enhanced our access to investment opportunities which may not be broadly
marketed. For its services, our manager receives a management fee and incentive
compensation pursuant to a management agreement. Our manager, through its
affiliates, and principals of Fortress owned 2.9 million shares of our common
stock and our manager, through its affiliates, had options to purchase an
additional 1.4 million shares of our common stock, which were issued in
connection with our equity offerings, representing approximately 8.7% of our
common stock on a fully diluted basis, as of February 16, 2007.
1
Our
Strategy
Newcastle’s
investment strategy focuses predominantly on debt investments secured by real
estate. We do not have specific policies as to the allocation among type of
real
estate related assets or investment categories since our investment decisions
depend on changing market conditions. Instead, we focus on relative value and
in-depth risk/reward analysis with an emphasis on asset quality, liquidity
and
diversification. Our focus on relative value means that assets which may be
unattractive under particular market conditions may, if priced appropriately
to
compensate for risks such as projected defaults and prepayments, become
attractive relative to other available investments. We utilize a match funded
financing strategy, when appropriate, and active credit risk management to
optimize our returns.
The
following table summarizes our investment portfolio at December 31, 2006 and
December 31, 2005:
December
31, 2006
|
|
December
31, 2005
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
Face
Amount
|
|
%
Total
|
|
Face
Amount
|
|
%
Total
|
|||||
Real
Estate Securities and Related Loans
|
$
|
6,196,179
|
71.7
|
%
|
$
|
4,802,172
|
76.1
|
%
|
|||||
Agency
RMBS
|
1,177,779
|
13.6
|
%
|
697,530
|
11.0
|
%
|
|||||||
Total
Real Estate Securities and Related Loans
|
7,373,958
|
85.3
|
%
|
5,499,702
|
87.1
|
%
|
|||||||
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
812,561
|
9.4
|
%
|
610,970
|
9.7
|
%
|
|||||||
Other
|
|||||||||||||
Subprime
Loans Subject to Future Repurchase
|
299,176
|
3.5
|
%
|
-
|
0.0
|
%
|
|||||||
Investment
in Joint Venture
|
38,469
|
0.4
|
%
|
38,164
|
0.6
|
%
|
|||||||
ICH
Loans
|
123,390
|
1.4
|
%
|
165,514
|
2.6
|
%
|
|||||||
Total
Portfolio
|
$
|
8,647,554
|
100.0
|
%
|
$
|
6,314,350
|
100.0
|
%
|
The
table
excludes operating real estate of $33.8 million at December 31, 2006 and $20.2
million at December 31, 2005.
Asset
Quality and Diversification at December 31, 2006
Total
real estate securities and related loans of $7.4 billion face amount,
representing 85.3% of the total portfolio
Asset
Quality
o |
$6.0
billion or 81.5% of this portfolio is rated by third parties, or
had an
implied AAA rating, with a weighted average rating of
BBB+.
|
o |
$1.4
billion or 18.5% of this portfolio is not rated by third parties
but had a
weighted average loan to value ratio of
68.6%.
|
o |
63%
of this portfolio has an investment grade rating (BBB- or
higher).
|
o |
The
weighted average credit spread (i.e., the yield premium on our investments
over the comparable US Treasury or LIBOR) for the core real estate
securities and related loans of $6.2 billion (excluding agency RMBS)
was
2.56%.
|
Diversity
o |
Our
real estate securities and loans are diversified by asset type, industry,
location and issuer.
|
o |
This
portfolio had 635 investments. The largest investment was $179.5
million
and the average investment size was $11.6
million.
|
o |
Our
real estate securities are supported by pools of underlying loans.
For
instance, our CMBS investments had over 21,000 underlying
loans.
|
Residential
mortgage loans of $0.8 billion face amount, representing 9.4% of the total
portfolio
Asset
Quality
o |
These
residential loans are to high quality borrowers with an average Fair
Isaac
Corp. credit score (“FICO”) of 697.
|
o |
Approximately
$142.3 million face amount were held in securitized form, of which
95.7%
was rated investment grade.
|
Diversity
o |
Our
residential and manufactured housing loans were well diversified
with 491
and 18,343 loans, respectively.
|
2
Financing
Strategy and Match Funded Discipline
We
employ
leverage in order to achieve our return objectives. We do not have a
predetermined target debt to equity ratio as we believe the appropriate leverage
for the particular assets we are financing depends on the credit quality of
those assets. As of December 31, 2006, our debt to equity ratio was
approximately 7.5 to 1. On a pro forma basis, our debt to equity ratio would
have been 6.7 to 1 if the trust preferred securities we issued in March 2006
were considered equity for purposes of this computation. Also,
on
a pro forma basis, our debt to equity ratio would have been 6.9 to 1 after
adjustment for the common stock issued in January 2007. We
utilize leverage for the sole purpose of financing our portfolio and not for
the
purpose of speculating on changes in interest rates.
We
maintain access to a broad array of capital resources in an effort to insulate
our business from potential fluctuations in the availability of capital. We
utilize multiple forms of financing including collateralized bond obligations
(CBOs), which represent 57% of our debt obligations, other securitizations,
term
loans (including total rate of return swaps), a credit facility and trust
preferred securities, as well as short term financing in the form of repurchase
agreements and asset backed commercial paper.
Our
manager may elect for us to bear a level of refinancing risk on a short term
or
longer term basis, such as is the case with investments financed with repurchase
agreements or asset backed commercial paper (ABCP), when based on all of the
relevant factors, bearing such risk is advisable. As of December 31, 2006,
approximately 25% of our debt obligations were in the form of repurchase
agreements including repurchase agreements subject to ABCP.
We
attempt to reduce interim refinancing risk and to minimize exposure to interest
rate fluctuations through the use of match funded financing structures, when
appropriate, whereby we seek (i) to match the maturities of our debt obligations
with the maturities of our assets and (ii) to match the interest rates on our
investments with like-kind debt (i.e.,
floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt and fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt), directly or through the use of interest
rate
swaps, caps or other financial instruments, or through a combination of these
strategies. This allows us to minimize the risk that we have to refinance our
liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets and to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings. As of December 31, 2006, a 100 basis
point change in short term interest rates would impact our earnings by
approximately $0.2 million per annum.
Credit
Risk Management
Credit
risk refers to each individual borrower’s ability to make required interest and
principal payments on the scheduled due dates. We believe, based on our due
diligence process, that our investments offer attractive risk-adjusted returns
with long term principal protection under a variety of default and loss
scenarios. We minimize credit risk by actively monitoring our investments,
their
underlying credit quality, loan to value ratio and, where appropriate,
repositioning our investments to upgrade their credit quality and yield. A
significant portion of our investments are financed with collateralized bond
obligations, known as CBOs. Our CBO financings offer us structural flexibility
to buy and sell certain investments to manage risk and, subject to certain
limitations, to optimize returns.
Further,
the expected yield on our real estate securities, which comprise a significant
portion of our assets, is sensitive to the performance of the underlying loans,
the first risk of default and loss is borne by the more subordinated securities
or other features of the securitization transaction, in the case of commercial
mortgage and asset backed securities, and the issuer’s underlying equity and
subordinated debt, in the case of senior unsecured REIT debt
securities.
3
Formation
We
were
formed in June 2002 as a subsidiary of Newcastle Investment Holdings Corp.
Prior
to our initial public offering, Newcastle Investment Holdings contributed to
us
certain assets and related liabilities in exchange for approximately 16.5
million shares of our common stock. For accounting purposes, this transaction
is
presented as a reverse spin-off, whereby Newcastle Investment Corp. is treated
as the continuing entity and the assets that were retained by Newcastle
Investment Holdings and not contributed to us are accounted for as if they
were
distributed at their historical book basis through a spin-off to Newcastle
Investment Holdings. Our operations commenced in July 2002. In May 2003,
Newcastle Investment Holdings distributed to its stockholders all of the shares
of our common stock that it owned, and it no longer owns any of our equity.
The
following table presents information on shares of our common stock issued since
our formation:
Year
|
Shares
Issued
|
|
Range
of Issue
Prices
per Share (1)
|
|
Net
Proceeds
(millions)
|
|||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
|
$13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
|||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
|
$20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
|||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
|
$26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
|||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
|
$29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
|||||
2006
|
1,800,408
|
|
$29.42
|
$
|
51.2
|
|||||
December
31, 2006
|
45,713,817
|
|
||||||||
January
2007
|
2,420,000
|
|
$31.30
|
$
|
75.0
|
(1)
|
Excludes prices of shares issued
pursuant to
the exercise of options and of shares issued to Newcastle's independent
directors.
|
Our
Investing Activities
Information
regarding our business segments is provided in “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Note 3 to our
consolidated financial statements which appear in “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
The
following is a description of our investments as of December 31,
2006.
Real
Estate Securities
We
own a
diversified portfolio of moderately credit sensitive real estate securities,
which was comprised of the following at December 31, 2006 (dollars in
thousands):
Weighted
Average
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Asset
Type
|
Current
Face Amount
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Number
of
Securities
|
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
|
Yield
|
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
||||||||
CMBS-Conduit
|
$
|
1,469,298
|
$
|
1,452,789
|
202
|
BBB
|
6.51
|
%
|
6.93
|
||||||||||
CMBS-Large
Loan
|
714,617
|
719,225
|
53
|
BBB-
|
7.02
|
%
|
2.62
|
||||||||||||
CMBS-CDO
|
23,500
|
21,958
|
2
|
BB
|
12.03
|
%
|
7.68
|
||||||||||||
CMBS-
B-Note
|
282,677
|
276,190
|
41
|
BB
|
7.51
|
%
|
6.02
|
||||||||||||
Unsecured
REIT Debt
|
1,004,540
|
1,025,040
|
101
|
BBB-
|
6.06
|
%
|
6.17
|
||||||||||||
ABS-Manufactured
Housing
|
80,839
|
77,700
|
9
|
BBB-
|
7.79
|
%
|
6.54
|
||||||||||||
ABS-Home
Equity
|
729,292
|
710,331
|
124
|
BBB+
|
7.89
|
%
|
2.70
|
||||||||||||
ABS-Franchise
|
76,777
|
76,707
|
22
|
BBB
|
8.21
|
%
|
4.80
|
||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
1,177,779
|
1,176,358
|
35
|
AAA
|
5.19
|
%
|
4.27
|
||||||||||||
Subtotal/Average
(A)
|
5,559,319
|
5,536,298
|
589
|
BBB+
|
6.50
|
%
|
5.04
|
||||||||||||
Residual
interest (B)
|
44,930
|
44,930
|
1
|
NR
|
18.77
|
%
|
2.52
|
||||||||||||
Total/Average
|
$
|
5,604,249
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
590
|
BBB+
|
6.60
|
%
|
5.02
|
(A) |
Implied AAA
rating.
|
(B) |
Represents the retained equity from securitization
of
subprime mortgage loans as described in "Residential Mortgage Loans"
below.
|
The
loans underlying our real estate securities were diversified by
industry as follows at December 31, 2006:
Industry
|
%
of Face Amount
|
|||
Residential
|
29.50
|
%
|
||
Retail
|
16.22
|
%
|
||
Office
|
15.02
|
%
|
||
Subprime
Residential
|
13.81
|
%
|
||
Lodging
|
6.57
|
%
|
||
Industrial
|
2.00
|
%
|
||
Health
Care
|
1.81
|
%
|
||
Other
|
15.07
|
%
|
4
Real
Estate Related Loans
We
directly owned the following real estate related loans at December 31, 2006
(dollars in thousands):
Loan
Type
|
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Loan
Count
|
|
Weighted
Avg. Yield
|
|
Weighted
Avg.
Maturity
(Years)
|
||||||
B-Notes
|
$
|
248,240
|
$
|
246,798
|
9
|
7.98
|
%
|
2.71
|
||||||||
Mezzanine
Loans (1)
|
906,907
|
904,686
|
22
|
8.61
|
%
|
2.67
|
||||||||||
Bank
Loans
|
233,793
|
233,895
|
6
|
7.75
|
%
|
3.92
|
||||||||||
Whole
Loans
|
61,240
|
61,703
|
3
|
12.63
|
%
|
1.81
|
||||||||||
ICH
Loans
|
123,390
|
121,834
|
70
|
7.77
|
%
|
1.10
|
||||||||||
Total
|
$
|
1,573,570
|
$
|
1,568,916
|
110
|
8.48
|
%
|
2.71
|
(1)
|
One of
these loans has an $8.9 million contractual exit fee. Newcastle
will begin to accrue this fee if and when management believes it
is probable that such exit fee will be
received.
|
We
also
indirectly owned the following interests in real estate related loans at
December 31, 2006:
Joint
Venture
In
2003,
we co-invested, on equal terms, in a joint venture alongside an affiliate of
our
manager which acquired a pool of franchise loans collateralized by fee and
leasehold interests and other assets. We, and our manager’s affiliate, each own
an approximately 38% interest in the joint venture. The remaining approximately
24% interest is owned by a third party financial institution. Our investment
totaled $10.2 million at December 31, 2006 and is reflected as an investment
in
an unconsolidated subsidiary on our consolidated balance sheet.
Our
relative interest in these franchise loans is summarized as follows (dollars
in
thousands):
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Loan
Count
|
Weighted
Avg.
Yield
|
||||||||
$ |
19,878
|
$
|
10,249
|
57
|
15.30
|
%
|
Loans
Financed via Total Rate of Return Swaps
We
have
entered into total rate of return swaps with major investment banks to finance
certain loans whereby we receive the sum of all interest, fees and any positive
change in value amounts (the total return cash flows) from a reference asset
with a specified notional amount, and pay interest on such notional plus any
negative change in value amounts from such asset. These agreements are recorded
in Derivative Assets and treated as non-hedge derivatives for accounting
purposes and are therefore marked to market through income. Net interest
received is recorded to Interest Income and the mark to market is recorded
to
Other Income. If we owned the reference assets directly, they would not be
marked to market through income. Under the agreements, we are required to post
an initial margin deposit to an interest bearing account and additional margin
may be payable in the event of a decline in value of the reference asset. Any
margin on deposit (recorded in Restricted Cash), less any negative change in
value amounts, will be returned to us upon termination of the contract.
As
of
December 31, 2006, Newcastle held an aggregate of $299.7 million notional amount
of total rate of return swaps on 8 reference assets on which it had deposited
$46.8 million of margin. These total rate of return swaps had an aggregate
fair
value of approximately $1.3 million, a weighted average receive interest rate
of
LIBOR + 2.59%, a weighted average pay interest rate of LIBOR + 0.63%, and a
weighted average swap maturity of 1.5 years.
5
Residential
Mortgage Loans
We
own
portfolios of residential mortgage loans, including manufactured housing loans
and subprime mortgage loans, on properties located in the U.S. The following
table sets forth certain information with respect to our residential mortgage
loan portfolios at December 31, 2006 (dollars in thousands):
Loan
Type
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Loan
Count
|
Weighted
Avg.
Yield
(1)
|
Weighted
Avg.
Maturity
(Years) (2)
|
|||||||||||
Residential
loans
|
$
|
168,649
|
$
|
172,839
|
491
|
6.42
|
%
|
2.79
|
||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans
|
643,912
|
636,258
|
18,343
|
8.48
|
%
|
6.02
|
||||||||||
Total
|
$
|
812,561
|
$
|
809,097
|
18,834
|
8.03
|
%
|
5.35
|
||||||||
Subprime
mortgage loans
|
||||||||||||||||
subject
to future repurchase
|
$
|
299,176
|
$
|
288,202
|
(1) |
Loss
adjusted.
|
(2) |
Weighted
average maturity was calculated based on a constant prepayment
rate (CPR)
of approximately 30% for residential loans and 9% for manufactured
housing
loans.
|
In
March
2006, we acquired a portfolio of approximately 11,300 residential mortgage
loans
to subprime borrowers (the “Subprime Portfolio”) for $1.50 billion. The loans
are being serviced by Nationstar Mortgage, LLC (formerly known as Centex Home
Equity Company, LLC) for a servicing fee equal to 0.50% per annum on the unpaid
principal balance of the Subprime Portfolio. At March 31, 2006, these loans
were
considered “held for sale” and carried at the lower of cost or fair value. A
write down of $4.1 million was recorded to Provision for Losses, Loans Held
for
Sale in March 2006 with respect to these loans, related to market factors.
Furthermore, the acquisition of loans held for sale is considered an operating
activity for statement of cash flow purposes. An offsetting cash inflow from
the
sale of such loans (as described below) was recorded as an operating cash flow
in April 2006. This acquisition was initially funded with an approximately
$1.47
billion repurchase agreement which bore interest at LIBOR + 0.50%. We entered
into an interest rate swap in order to hedge our exposure to the risk of changes
in market interest rates with respect to the financing of the Subprime
Portfolio. This swap did not qualify as a hedge for accounting purposes and
was
therefore marked to market through income. An unrealized mark to market gain
of
$5.5 million was recorded to Other Income in connection with this swap in March
2006.
In
April
2006, through Newcastle Mortgage Securities Trust 2006-1 (the “Securitization
Trust”), we closed on a securitization of the Subprime Portfolio. The
Securitization Trust is not consolidated by us. We sold the Subprime Portfolio
and the related interest rate swap to the Securitization Trust. The
Securitization Trust issued $1.45 billion of debt (the “Notes”). We retained
$37.6 million face amount of the low investment grade Notes and all of the
equity issued by the Securitization Trust. The Notes have a stated maturity
of
March 25, 2036. As holder of the equity of the Securitization Trust, we have
the
option to redeem the Notes once the aggregate principal balance of the Subprime
Portfolio is equal to or less than 20% of such balance at the date of the
transfer. The proceeds from the securitization were used to repay the repurchase
agreement described above.
The
transaction between us and the Securitization Trust qualified as a sale for
accounting purposes, resulting in a net gain of approximately $40,000 being
recorded in April 2006. We, as holder of the equity of the Securitization Trust,
have the option to redeem the Notes once the aggregate principal balance of
the
Subprime Portfolio is equal to or less than 20% of such balance at the date
of
the transfer. This 20% portion of the loans which is subject to future
repurchase by us was not treated as being sold and is classified as “held for
investment” subsequent to the completion of the securitization. Following the
securitization, we held the following interests in the Subprime Portfolio,
all
valued at the date of securitization: (i) the $62.4 million equity of the
Securitization Trust, recorded in Real Estate Securities, Available for Sale,
(ii) the $33.7 million of retained bonds ($37.6 million face amount), recorded
in Real Estate Securities, Available for Sale, which have been financed with
a
$28.0 million repurchase agreement, and (iii) subprime mortgage loans subject
to
future repurchase of $286.3 million and related financing in the amount of
100%
of such loans.
6
Operating
Real Estate
The
following table sets forth certain information with respect to our operating
real estate as of December 31, 2006
(dollars,
others than per square foot amounts, in thousands):
Property
Address
|
|
Use
|
|
Net
Rentable
Sq
Ft
|
|
Major
tenants
|
|
%
of Total
Sq
Ft
Leased
|
|
Tenant
Net
Rentable
Sq
Ft
|
|
Annual
Rent
|
|||||||
100
Dundas St. (1) (3)
|
Office
|
312,874
|
Bell
Canada (2)
|
59.1
|
%
|
184,829
|
$
|
1,294
|
|||||||||||
London,
ON
|
A
total of 4 tenants
|
1.5
|
%
|
4,668
|
26
|
||||||||||||||
60.6
|
%
|
189,497
|
1,320
|
||||||||||||||||
Apple
Valley I
|
Office
|
54,927
|
A
total of 8 tenants
|
65.0
|
%
|
35,702
|
504
|
||||||||||||
1430
Oak Court
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Beavercreek,
OH
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Apple
Valley II
|
Office
|
29,916
|
1
tenant
|
100.0
|
%
|
29,916
|
478
|
||||||||||||
4020
Executive Drive
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Beavercreek,
OH
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Apple
Valley III
|
Office
|
45,299
|
1
tenant
|
77.0
|
%
|
34,878
|
558
|
||||||||||||
4021-29
Executive Drive
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Beavercreek,
OH
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Dayton
Towne Center
|
Retail
|
33,485
|
A
total of 5 tenants
|
75.2
|
%
|
25,197
|
153
|
||||||||||||
1880
Needmore Drive
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Dayton,
OH
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Airport
Corporate Center
|
Office
|
46,614
|
A
total of 7 tenants
|
50.3
|
%
|
23,468
|
301
|
||||||||||||
303
Corporate Center Dr
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Vandalia,
OH
|
|||||||||||||||||||
2
River Place
|
Office
|
42,286
|
Vacant
|
0.0
|
%
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||
Dayton,
OH
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Totals
|
565,401
|
59.9
|
%
|
338,658
|
$
|
3,314
|
(1) |
Monetary
amounts for the Canadian property are in U.S. dollars based on
December
31, 2006 Canadian dollar exchange ratio of
1.1659.
|
(2)
|
This
lease charges an administration fee of up to 15% of the operating
expenses
reimbursable by the tenant.
|
(3)
|
The
parking garage income for approximately 185 parking stalls is not
included
in the annual rent.
|
Schedule
of lease expirations (dollars in thousands):
Year
|
Square
Feet of
Expiring
Leases
|
Annual
Rent of
Expiring
Leases (1)
|
%
of Gross Annual
Rent
represented by
Expiring
Leases
|
|||||||
2007
|
68,918
|
$
|
885
|
26.7
|
%
|
|||||
2008
|
23,828
|
336
|
10.1
|
%
|
||||||
2009
|
8,528
|
113
|
3.4
|
%
|
||||||
2010
|
15,103
|
136
|
4.2
|
%
|
||||||
2011
|
30,964
|
495
|
14.9
|
%
|
||||||
2012
|
191,317
|
1,349
|
40.7
|
%
|
||||||
Leased
total
|
338,658
|
$
|
3,314
|
100.0
|
%
|
|||||
Vacant
|
226,743
|
|||||||||
Total
|
565,401
|
7
We
also
indirectly owned the following interest in operating real estate at December
31,
2006:
Joint
Venture
In
March
2004, we purchased a 49% interest in a portfolio of convenience and retail
gas
stores located throughout the southeastern and southwestern regions of the
U.S.
The properties are subject to a sale-leaseback arrangement under long term
triple net leases with a 15 year minimum term. Circle K Stores Inc. (“Tenant”),
an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Alimentation Couche-Tard Inc. (“ACT”), is
the counterparty under the leases. ACT guarantees the obligations of Tenant
under the leases. We structured this transaction through a joint venture in
two
limited liability companies with a private investment fund managed by an
affiliate of our manager, pursuant to which it co-invested on equal terms.
One
company held assets available for sale, the last of which was sold in September
2005, and one holds assets for investment. In October 2004, the investment’s
initial financing was refinanced with a non-recourse term loan ($52.9 million
outstanding at December 31, 2006), which bears interest at a fixed rate of
6.04%. The required payments under the loan consist of interest only during
the
first two years, followed by a 25-year amortization schedule with a balloon
payment due in October 2014. At December 31, 2006, we had a $12.5 million
investment in this entity.
Our
Financing and Hedging Activities
We
employ
leverage in order to achieve our return objectives. We do not have a
predetermined target debt to equity ratio as we believe the appropriate leverage
for the particular assets we are financing depends on the credit quality of
those assets. As of December 31, 2006, our debt to equity ratio was
approximately 7.5 to 1. On a pro forma basis, our debt to equity ratio would
have been 6.7 to 1 if the trust preferred securities we issued in March 2006
were considered equity for purposes of this computation. Also, on a pro forma
basis, our debt to equity ratio would have been 6.9 to 1 after adjustment for
the common stock issued in January 2007. We utilize leverage for the sole
purpose of financing our portfolio and not for the purpose of speculating on
changes in interest rates.
We
maintain access to a broad array of capital resources in an effort to insulate
our business from potential fluctuations in the availability of capital. We
utilize multiple forms of financing including collateralized bond obligations
(CBOs), other securitizations, term loans (including total rate of return
swaps), a credit facility and trust preferred securities, as well as short
term
financing in the form of repurchase agreements and asset backed commercial
paper.
Our
manager may elect for us to bear a level of refinancing risk on a short term
or
longer term basis, such as is the case with investments financed with repurchase
agreements and repurchase agreements subject to asset backed commercial paper,
when, based on all of the relevant factors, bearing such risk is advisable.
We
attempt to reduce interim refinancing risk and to minimize exposure to interest
rate fluctuations through the use of match funded financing structures, when
appropriate, whereby we seek (i) to match the maturities of our debt obligations
with the maturities of our assets and (ii) to match the interest rates on our
investments with like-kind debt (i.e.,
floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt and fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt), directly or through the use of interest
rate
swaps, caps or other financial instruments, or through a combination of these
strategies. This allows us to minimize the risk that we have to refinance our
liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets and to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings.
We
enter
into hedging transactions to protect our positions from interest rate
fluctuations and other changes in market conditions. These transactions may
include interest rate swaps, the purchase or sale of interest rate collars,
caps
or floors, options, mortgage derivatives and other hedging instruments. These
instruments may be used to hedge as much of the interest rate risk as our
manager determines is in the best interest of our stockholders, given the cost
of such hedges and the need to maintain our status as a REIT. Our manager elects
to have us bear a level of interest rate risk that could otherwise be hedged
when our manager believes, based on all relevant facts, that bearing such risks
is advisable. We have extensive experience in hedging with these types of
instruments. We engage in hedging for the purpose of protecting against interest
rate risk and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in interest
rates.
Further
details regarding our hedging activities are presented in “Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Fair Value.”
8
Debt
Obligations
The
following table presents certain summary information regarding our debt
obligations and related hedges as of December 31, 2006 (unaudited) (dollars
in
thousands):
Debt
Obligation
|
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
(1)
|
Weighted
Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating
Rate
Debt
|
Collateral
Carrying
Value
|
Collateral
Weighted Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating Rate Collateral
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
of
Current
Hedges
|
||||||||||||||||||
CBO
Bonds Payable
|
$
|
4,340,166
|
$
|
4,313,824
|
5.73
|
%
|
5.83
|
$
|
4,047,216
|
$
|
4,944,086
|
5.05
|
$
|
1,724,873
|
$
|
2,168,565
|
||||||||||||
Other
Bonds Payable
|
679,891
|
675,844
|
6.63
|
%
|
2.26
|
579,952
|
758,092
|
5.23
|
80,936
|
575,083
|
||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
128,866
|
128,866
|
5.68
|
%
|
0.74
|
128,866
|
145,819
|
2.79
|
142,301
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements
|
760,346
|
760,346
|
5.92
|
%
|
0.08
|
760,346
|
953,383
|
2.77
|
823,901
|
112,087
|
||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
subject
to ABCP
|
1,143,749
|
1,143,749
|
4.97
|
%
|
0.08
|
1,143,749
|
1,176,358
|
4.27
|
-
|
1,087,385
|
||||||||||||||||||
Credit
Facility
|
93,800
|
93,800
|
7.08
|
%
|
0.85
|
93,800
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||
Junior
Subordinated
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
100,100
|
100,100
|
7.72
|
%
|
29.25
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal
debt obligations
|
$
|
7,246,918
|
$
|
7,216,529
|
5.76
|
%
|
4.15
|
$
|
6,753,929
|
$
|
7,977,738
|
4.63
|
$
|
2,772,011
|
$
|
3,943,120
|
||||||||||||
Financing
on Subprime
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage
Loans Subject
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
to
Future Repurchase
|
299,176
|
288,202
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt obligations
|
$
|
7,546,094
|
$
|
7,504,731
|
(1)
Including the effect of applicable hedges.
Further
details regarding our debt obligations are presented in “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and
Capital Resources.”
Investment
Guidelines
Our
general investment guidelines, adopted by our board of directors,
include:
· |
no
investment is to be made which would cause us to fail to qualify
as a
REIT;
|
· |
no
investment is to be made which would cause us to be regulated as
an
investment company;
|
· |
no
more than 20% of our total equity, determined as of the date of such
investment, is to be invested in any single
asset;
|
· |
our
leverage is not to exceed 90% of the sum of our total debt and our
total
equity; and
|
· |
we
are not to co-invest with the manager or any of its affiliates unless
(i)
our co-investment is otherwise in accordance with these guidelines
and
(ii) the terms of such co-investment are at least as favorable to
us as to
the manager or such affiliate (as applicable) making such
co-investment.
|
In
addition, our manager is required to seek the approval of the independent
members of our board of directors before we engage in a material transaction
with another entity managed by our manager or any of its affiliates. These
investment guidelines may be changed by our board of directors without the
approval of our stockholders.
The
Management Agreement
We
are
party to a management agreement with FIG LLC, an affiliate of Fortress
Investment Group LLC, dated June 23, 2003, pursuant to which FIG LLC, our
manager, provides for the day-to-day management of our operations.
The
management agreement requires our manager to manage our business affairs in
conformity with the policies and the investment guidelines that are approved
and
monitored by our board of directors. Our manager’s management is under the
direction of our board of directors. The manager is responsible for (i) the
purchase and sale of real estate securities and other real estate related
assets, (ii) the financing of our real estate securities and other real estate
related assets, (iii) management of our real estate, including arranging for
purchases, sales, leases, maintenance and insurance, (iv) the purchase, sale
and
servicing of loans for us, and (v) investment advisory services. Our manager
is
responsible for our day-to-day operations and performs (or causes to be
performed) such services and activities relating to our assets and operations
as
may be appropriate.
9
We
pay
our manager an annual management fee equal to 1.5% of our gross equity, as
defined in the management agreement. The management agreement provides that
we
will reimburse our manager for various expenses incurred by our manager or
its
officers, employees and agents on our behalf, including costs of legal,
accounting, tax, auditing, administrative and other similar services rendered
for us by providers retained by our manager or, if provided by our manager’s
employees, in amounts which are no greater than those which would be payable
to
outside professionals or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant
to agreements negotiated on an arm’s-length basis.
To
provide an incentive for our manager to enhance the value of our common stock,
our manager is entitled to receive an incentive return (the “Incentive
Compensation”) on a cumulative, but not compounding, basis in an amount equal to
the product of (A) 25% of the dollar amount by which (1) (a) our funds from
operations, as defined in the management agreement (before the Incentive
Compensation) per share of common stock (based on the weighted average number
of
shares of common stock outstanding) plus (b) gains (or losses) from debt
restructuring and from sales of property and other assets per share of common
stock (based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding), exceed (2) an amount equal to (a) the weighted average of the
price per share of common stock in our initial public offering and the value
attributed to the net assets transferred to us by Newcastle Investment Holdings,
and in any of our subsequent offerings (adjusted for prior capital dividends
or
capital distributions) multiplied by (b) a simple interest rate of 10% per
annum
(divided by four to adjust for quarterly calculations) multiplied by (B) the
weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding.
The
management agreement provides for automatic one year extensions. Our independent
directors review our manager’s performance annually and the management agreement
may be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds
of
our independent directors, or by a vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding shares of our common stock, based upon unsatisfactory performance
that is materially detrimental to us or a determination by our independent
directors that the management fee earned by our manager is not fair, subject
to
our manager’s right to prevent such a management fee compensation termination by
accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of fees. Our manager will be provided
with 60 days’ prior notice of any such termination and will be paid a
termination fee equal to the amount of the management fee earned by our manager
during the twelve month period preceding such termination which may make it
more
difficult for us to terminate the management agreement. Following any
termination of the management agreement, we shall be entitled to purchase our
manager’s right to receive the Incentive Compensation at a price determined as
if our assets were sold for cash at their then current fair market value (as
determined by an appraisal, taking into account, among other things, the
expected future value of the underlying investments) or otherwise we may
continue to pay the Incentive Compensation to our manager. In addition, if
we do
not purchase our manager’s Incentive Compensation, our manager may require us to
purchase the same at the price discussed above. In addition, the management
agreement may be terminated by us at any time for cause.
Policies
With Respect to Certain Other Activities
We
have
authority to offer our common stock or other equity or debt securities in
exchange for property and to repurchase or otherwise reacquire our shares or
any
other securities and may engage in such activities in the future.
We
also
may make loans to, or provide guarantees of, our subsidiaries. Although we
have
no current intentions of doing so, we may repurchase or otherwise reacquire
our
shares or other securities.
Subject
to the percentage ownership and gross income and asset tests necessary for
REIT
qualification, we may invest in securities of other REITs, other entities
engaged in real estate activities or securities of other issuers, including
for
the purpose of exercising control over such entities.
We
may
engage in the purchase and sale of investments. We do not underwrite the
securities of other issuers.
Our
officers and directors may change any of these policies without a vote of our
stockholders.
In
the
event that we determine to raise additional equity capital, our board of
directors has the authority, without stockholder approval, to issue additional
common stock or preferred stock in any manner and on such terms and for such
consideration it deems appropriate, including in exchange for
property.
Decisions
regarding the form and other characteristics of the financing for our
investments are made by our manager subject to the general investment guidelines
adopted by our board of directors.
10
We
have
financed our assets with the net proceeds of our initial public offering,
follow-on offerings, the issuance of preferred stock, long term secured and
unsecured borrowings, a credit facility and short term borrowings under
repurchase agreements and asset backed commercial paper. In the future,
operations may be financed by future offerings of equity securities, as well
as
short term and long term unsecured and secured borrowings. We expect that,
in
general, we will employ leverage consistent with the type of assets acquired
and
the desired level of risk in various investment environments. Our governing
documents do not explicitly limit the amount of leverage that we may employ.
Instead, the general investment guidelines adopted by our board of directors
limits total leverage to a maximum 9.0 to 1 debt to equity ratio. At December
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, our debt to equity ratio was approximately 7.5 to
1,
5.7 to 1, and 5.0 to 1, respectively. Our policy relating to the maximum
leverage we may utilize may be changed by our board of directors at any time
in
the future.
Competition
We
are
subject to significant competition in seeking investments. We compete with
several other companies for investments, including other REITs, insurance
companies and other investors. Some of our competitors have greater resources
than we do and we may not be able to compete successfully for
investments.
Compliance
with Applicable Environmental Laws
Properties
we own or may acquire are or would be subject to various foreign, federal,
state
and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations. Under these laws,
ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner of real estate
(including, in certain circumstances, a secured lender that succeeds to
ownership or control of a property) may become liable for the costs of removal
or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product
releases at, on, under or in its property. These laws typically impose cleanup
responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or control
party knew of or was responsible for the release or presence of the hazardous
or
toxic substances. The costs of investigation, remediation or removal of these
substances may be substantial and could exceed the value of the property. An
owner or control party of a site may be subject to common law claims by third
parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination
emanating from a site. Certain environmental laws also impose liability in
connection with the handling of or exposure to asbestos-containing materials,
pursuant to which third parties may seek recovery from owners of real properties
for personal injuries associated with asbestos-containing materials. Our
operating costs and values of these assets may be adversely affected by the
obligation to pay for the cost of complying with existing environmental laws,
ordinances and regulations, as well as the cost of complying with future
legislation, and our income and ability to make distributions to our
stockholders could be affected adversely by the existence of an environmental
liability with respect to our properties. We endeavor to ensure that properties
we own or acquire will be in compliance in all material respects with all
foreign, federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations regarding
hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum products.
Employees
We
are
party to a management agreement with FIG LLC, an affiliate of Fortress
Investment Group LLC, pursuant to which they advise us regarding investments,
risk management, and other aspects of our business, and manage our day-to-day
operations. As a result, we have no employees. From time to time, certain of
our
officers may enter into written agreements with us that memorialize the
provision of certain services; these agreements do not provide for the payment
of any cash compensation to such officers from us. The employees of FIG LLC
are
not a party to any collective bargaining agreement.
Corporate
Governance and Internet Address
We
emphasize the importance of professional business conduct and ethics through
our
corporate governance initiatives. Our board of directors consists of a majority
of independent directors; the audit, nominating and corporate governance, and
compensation committees of our board of directors are composed exclusively
of
independent directors. We have adopted corporate governance guidelines, and
our
manager has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics, which delineate
our
standards for our officers and directors, and employees of our
manager.
Our
internet address is http://www.newcastleinv.com. We make available, free of
charge through a link on our site, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly
reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to such
reports, if any, as filed with the SEC as soon as reasonably practicable after
such filing.
Our
site
also contains our code of business conduct and ethics, senior officer code
of
ethics, corporate governance guidelines, and the charters of the audit
committee, nominating and corporate governance committee and compensation
committee of our board of directors.
11
Item
1A. Risk Factors
Risks
relating to our management, business and company include,
specifically:
Risks
Relating to Our Management
We
are dependent on our manager and may not find a suitable replacement if our
manager terminates the management agreement.
We
have
no paid employees. Our officers are employees of our manager. We have no
separate facilities and are completely reliant on our manager, which has
significant discretion as to the implementation of our operating policies and
strategies. We are subject to the risk that our manager will terminate the
management agreement and that no suitable replacement will be found to manage
us. Furthermore, we are dependent on the services of certain key employees
of
our manager whose continued service is not guaranteed, and the loss of such
services could temporarily adversely affect our operations.
There
are conflicts of interest in our relationship with our manager.
Our
chairman and chief executive officer and each of our executive officers also
serve as officers of our manager. As a result, our management agreement with
our
manager was not negotiated at arm's-length and its terms, including fees
payable, may not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with an
unaffiliated third party.
There
are
conflicts of interest inherent in our relationship with our manager insofar
as
our manager and its affiliates including investment funds, private investment
funds, or businesses managed by our manager, invest in real estate securities,
real estate related loans and operating real estate and whose investment
objectives overlap with our investment objectives. Certain investments
appropriate for Newcastle may also be appropriate for one or more of these
other
investment vehicles. Members of our board of directors and employees of our
manager who are our officers may serve as officers and/or directors of these
other entities. In addition, our manager or its affiliates may have investments
in and/or earn fees from such other investment vehicles which are larger than
their economic interests in Newcastle and which may therefore create an
incentive to allocate investments to such other investment vehicles. Our manager
or its affiliates may determine, in their discretion, to make a particular
investment through another investment vehicle rather than through Newcastle
and
have no obligation to offer to Newcastle the opportunity to participate in
any
particular investment opportunity. Accordingly, it is possible that we may
not
be given the opportunity to participate at all in certain investments made
by
our affiliates that meet our investment objectives.
Our
management agreement with our manager generally does not limit or restrict
our
manager or its affiliates from engaging in any business or managing other pooled
investment vehicles that invest in investments that meet our
investment
objectives, except that under our management agreement neither our manager
nor
any entity controlled by or under common control with our manager is permitted
to raise or sponsor any new pooled investment vehicle whose investment policies,
guidelines or plan targets as its primary investment category investment in
United States dollar-denominated credit sensitive real estate related securities
reflecting primarily United States loans or assets. Our manager intends to
engage in additional real estate related management and investment opportunities
in the future which may compete with us for investments.
The
ability of our manager and its officers and employees to engage in other
business activities, subject to the terms of our management agreement with
our
manager, may reduce the time our manager spends managing Newcastle. In addition,
we may engage in material transactions with our manager or another entity
managed by our manager or one of its affiliates, including certain
co-investments which present a conflict of interest, subject to our investment
guidelines.
The
management compensation structure that we have agreed to with our manager may
cause our manager to invest in high risk investments. In addition to its
management fee, our manager is entitled to receive incentive compensation based
in part upon our achievement of targeted levels of funds from operations. In
evaluating investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to
earn
incentive compensation based on funds from operations may lead our manager
to
place undue emphasis on the maximization of funds from operations at the expense
of other criteria, such as preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher
incentive compensation. Investments with higher yield potential are generally
riskier or more speculative. This could result in increased risk to the value
of
our investment portfolio.
12
Termination
of the management agreement with our manager is difficult and costly. The
management agreement may only be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote
of at least two-thirds of our independent directors, or by a vote of the holders
of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock, based upon (1)
unsatisfactory performance by our manager that is materially detrimental to
us
or (2) a determination that the management fee payable to our manager is not
fair, subject to our manager's right to prevent such a compensation termination
by accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of fees. Our manager will be
provided 60 days' prior notice of any termination and will be paid a termination
fee equal to the amount of the management fee earned by the manager during
the
twelve-month period preceding such termination. In addition, following any
termination of the management agreement, the manager may require us to purchase
its right to receive incentive compensation at a price determined as if our
assets were sold for their fair market value (as determined by an appraisal,
taking into account, among other things, the expected future value of the
underlying investments) or otherwise we may continue to pay the incentive
compensation to our manager. These provisions may increase the effective cost
to
us of terminating the management agreement, thereby adversely affecting our
ability to terminate our manager without cause.
Our
directors have approved very broad investment guidelines for our manager and
do
not approve each investment decision made by our manager.
Our
manager is authorized to follow very broad investment guidelines. Our directors
periodically review our investment guidelines and our investment portfolio.
However, our board does not review each proposed investment or our financing.
In
addition, in conducting periodic reviews, the directors rely primarily on
information provided to them by our manager. Furthermore, transactions entered
into by our manager may be difficult or impossible to unwind by the time they
are reviewed by the directors. Our manager has great latitude within the broad
investment guidelines in determining the types of assets it may decide are
proper investments for us.
We
may change our investment strategy without stockholder consent which may result
in riskier investments than our current investments.
Decisions
to make investments in entirely new asset categories present risks which may
be
difficult for us to adequately assess and could therefore reduce the stability
of our dividends or have adverse effects on our financial condition. A change
in
our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate and real
estate market fluctuations.
Our
investment strategy may evolve, in light of existing market conditions and
investment opportunities, to continue to take advantage of opportunistic
investments in real estate and real estate related assets, which may involve
additional risks depending upon the nature of such assets and our ability to
finance such assets on a short or long term basis. Investment opportunities
that
present unattractive risk-return profiles relative to other available investment
opportunities under particular market conditions may become relatively
attractive under changed market conditions and changes in market conditions
may
therefore result in changes in the investments we target. Our failure to
accurately assess the risks inherent in new asset categories or the financing
risks associated with such assets could adversely affect our results of
operations and our financial condition.
Risks
Relating to Our Business
We
are subject to significant competition and we may not compete successfully.
We
are
subject to significant competition in seeking investments. We compete with
other
companies, including other REITs, insurance companies and other investors,
including funds and companies affiliated with our manager. Some of our
competitors have greater resources than us and we may not be able to compete
successfully for investments. Furthermore, competition for investments of the
type to be made by us may lead to the returns available from such investments
decreasing which may further limit our ability to generate our desired returns.
We cannot assure you that other companies will not be formed that compete with
us for investments or otherwise pursue investment strategies similar to
ours.
Our
determination of how much leverage to apply to our investments may adversely
affect our return on our investments and may reduce cash available for
distribution.
We
leverage our portfolio through borrowings, generally through the use of credit
facilities, warehouse facilities, repurchase agreements, mortgage loans on
real
estate, securitizations, including the issuance of CBOs, private or public
offerings of debt by subsidiaries, loans to entities in which we hold, directly
or indirectly, interests in pools of properties or loans, and other borrowings.
Our investment policies do not limit the amount of leverage we may incur with
respect to any specific asset or pool of assets, subject to an overall limit
on
our use of leverage to 90% of the value of our assets on an aggregate basis.
Our
return on our investments and cash available for distribution to our
stockholders may be reduced to the extent that changes in market conditions
cause the cost of our financing to increase relative to the income that can
be
derived from the assets acquired.
13
We
finance certain of our investments with debt (e.g., repurchase agreements)
that
is subject to margin calls based on a decrease in the value of such investments,
which could adversely impact our liquidity and, as a result of the need to
post
greater margin with respect to existing investments, our return on equity.
If we
do not have the funds available to or choose not to satisfy any such margin
calls, we could be forced to sell the investments at a loss.
Although
we seek to match fund our investments to limit refinance risk and lock in net
spreads, we do not employ this strategy with respect to certain of our
investments, which increases the risks related to refinancing these investments.
A
key to
our investment strategy is to finance our investments using match funded
financing structures, which match assets and liabilities with respect to
maturities and interest rates. This limits our refinance risk, including the
risk of being able to refinance an investment or refinance on favorable terms.
We generally use match funded financing structures, such as CBOs, to finance
our
investments in real estate securities and loans. However, our manager may elect
for us to bear a level of refinancing risk on a short term or longer term basis,
such as is the case with investments financed with repurchase agreements or
asset backed commercial paper, when, based on all of the relevant factors,
bearing such risk is advisable. This is generally the case with respect to
the
residential mortgage loans and agency RMBS we invest in. The decision not to
match fund certain investments exposes us to additional refinancing risks that
may not apply to our other investments.
In
addition, we anticipate that, in most cases, for any period during which our
floating rate assets are not match funded with respect to maturity, the income
from such assets may respond more slowly to interest rate fluctuations than
the
cost of our borrowings. Because of this dynamic, interest income from such
investments may rise more slowly than the related interest expense, with a
consequent decrease in our net income. Interest rate fluctuations resulting
in
our interest expense exceeding interest income would result in operating losses
for us from these investments.
Accordingly,
if we do not or are unable to match fund our investments with respect to
maturities and interest rates, we will be exposed to the risk that we may not
be
able to finance or refinance our investments on economically favorable terms
or
may have to liquidate assets at a loss.
The
loans we invest in and the loans underlying the securities and total rate of
return swaps we invest in are subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss,
which could result in losses to us.
Commercial
mortgage loans are secured by multifamily or commercial property and are subject
to risks of delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss. The ability of
a
borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically
is
dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than
upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the
net
operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower's ability to repay
the
loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing property
can
be affected by, among other things: tenant mix, success of tenant businesses,
property management decisions, property location and condition, competition
from
comparable types of properties, changes in laws that increase operating expense
or limit rents that may be charged, any need to address environmental
contamination at the property, the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at
the
property, changes in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or
specific industry segments, declines in regional or local real estate values,
declines in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, increases in interest
rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses, changes in
governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental
legislation, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.
Residential
mortgage loans, manufactured housing loans and subprime mortgage loans are
secured by single-family residential property and are subject to risks of
delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss. The ability of a borrower to
repay a loan secured by a residential property is dependent upon the income
or
assets of the borrower. A number of factors may impair borrowers' abilities
to
repay their loans.
In
the
event of any default under a loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk
of
loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the
collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the loan, which could
adversely affect our cash flow from operations. Foreclosure of a loan,
particularly a commercial loan, can be an expensive and lengthy process which
could negatively affect our anticipated return on the foreclosed loan.
Mortgage
and asset backed securities are bonds or notes backed by loans and/or other
financial assets and include commercial mortgage back securities (CMBS), agency
residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS), and real estate related asset
backed securities (ABS). The ability of a borrower to repay these loans or
other
financial assets is dependant upon the income or assets of these borrowers.
While we intend to focus on real estate related asset backed securities, there
can be no assurance that we will not invest in other types of asset backed
securities.
14
Our
investments in mortgage and asset backed securities will also be adversely
affected by defaults under the loans underlying such securities. To the extent
losses are realized on the loans underlying the securities in which we invest,
the company may not recover the amount invested in, or, in extreme cases, any
of
our investment in, such securities.
Subprime
mortgage loans are generally loans to credit impaired borrowers and borrowers
that are ineligible to qualify for loans from conventional mortgage sources
due
to loan size, credit characteristics or documentation standards. Loans to lower
credit grade borrowers generally experience higher-than-average default and
loss
rates than do conforming mortgage loans. Material differences in the defaults,
loss severities and/or prepayments on the subprime mortgage loans we acquire
(or
on the manufactured housing loans we acquire) from what we estimate in
connection with our underwriting of the acquisition of such loans would cause
reductions in our income and adversely affect our operating results, both with
respect to unsecuritized loans and loans that we have securitized or otherwise
financed on a long term match funded basis. We cannot assure you that our
underwriting criteria will afford adequate protection against the higher risks
associated with loans made to lower credit grade borrowers. If we underestimate
the extent of losses that our loans will incur, then our business, financial
condition, liquidity and results of operations will be adversely impacted.
We
may not be able to finance our investments on a long term basis on attractive
terms, including by means of securitization, which may require us to seek more
costly financing for our investments or to liquidate assets.
When
we
acquire a portfolio of securities and loans which we finance on a short term
basis with a view to securitization or other long term financing, we bear the
risk of being unable to securitize the assets or otherwise finance them on
a
long term basis at attractive prices or in a timely matter, or at all. If it
is
not possible or economical for us to securitize or otherwise finance such assets
on a long term basis, we may be unable to pay down our short term credit
facilities, or be required to liquidate the assets at a loss in order to do
so.
Both
during the ramp up phase of a potential CBO financing and following the closing
of a CBO financing when we have locked in the liability costs for a CBO during
the reinvestment period, the rate at which we are able to acquire eligible
investments and changes in market conditions may adversely affect our
anticipated returns.
We
acquire real estate securities and loans and finance them on a long term basis,
typically through the issuance of collateralized bond obligations. We use short
term warehouse lines of credit to finance the acquisition of real estate
securities and loans until a sufficient quantity of assets are accumulated,
at
which time we may refinance these lines through a securitization, such as a
CBO
financing, or other long term financing. As a result, we are subject to the
risk
that we will not be able to acquire, during the period that our warehouse
facility is available, a sufficient amount of eligible assets to maximize the
efficiency of a collateralized bond obligation financing. In addition,
conditions in the capital markets may make the issuance of a collateralized
bond
obligation less attractive to us when we do have a sufficient pool of
collateral. If we are unable to issue a collateralized bond obligation to
finance these assets, we may be required to seek other forms of potentially
less
attractive financing or otherwise to liquidate the assets.
In
addition, following each CBO financing we must invest both the net cash raised
in the financing as well as cash proceeds of any prepayment or assets which
we
determine to sell. Until we are able to acquire sufficient assets, our returns
will reflect income earned on uninvested cash and, having locked in the cost
of
liabilities for the particular CBO, the particular CBO’s returns will be at risk
of declining to the extent that yields on the assets to be acquired decline.
In
general, our ability to acquire appropriate investments depends upon the supply
in the market of investments we deem suitable, and changes in various economic
factors may affect our determination of what constitutes a suitable investment.
Our
returns will be adversely affected when investment held in CBOs are prepaid
or
sold subsequent to the reinvestment period.
Real
estate securities and loans are subject to prepayment risk. In addition, we
may
sell, and realize gains (or losses) on, investments. To the extent such assets
were held in CBOs subsequent to the end of the reinvestment period, the proceeds
are fully utilized to pay down the related CBOs debt. This causes
the leverage on the CBO to decrease, thereby lowering our returns on
equity.
Our
investments may be subject to impairment charges.
We
will
periodically evaluate our investments for impairment indicators. The judgment
regarding the existence of impairment indicators is based on a variety of
factors depending upon the nature of the investment and the manner in which
the
income related to such investment calculated for purposes of our financial
statements. If we determine that a significant impairment has occurred, we
would
be required to make an adjustment to the net carrying value of the investment,
which could adversely affect our results of operations and funds from operations
in the applicable period.
15
Our
investments in senior unsecured REIT securities are subject to specific risks
relating to the particular REIT issuer and to the general risks of investing
in
subordinated real estate securities, which may result in losses to us.
Our
investments in REIT securities involve special risks relating to the particular
REIT issuer of the securities, including the financial condition and business
outlook of the issuer. REITs generally are required to substantially invest
in
operating real estate or real estate related assets and are subject to the
inherent risks associated with real estate related investments discussed in
this
report.
Our
investments in REIT securities are also subject to the risks described above
with respect to mortgage loans and mortgage backed securities and similar risks,
including (i) risks of delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss in the
event thereof, (ii) the dependence upon the successful operation of and net
income from real property, (iii) risks generally incident to interests in real
property, and (iv) risks that may be presented by the type and use of a
particular commercial property.
REIT
securities are generally unsecured and may also be subordinated to other
obligations of the issuer. We may also invest in REIT securities that are rated
below investment grade. As a result, investments in REIT securities are also
subject to risks of: (i) limited liquidity in the secondary trading market,
(ii)
substantial market price volatility resulting from changes in prevailing
interest rates, (iii) subordination to the prior claims of banks and other
senior lenders to the issuer, (iv) the operation of mandatory sinking fund
or
call/redemption provisions during periods of declining interest rates that
could
cause the issuer to reinvest premature redemption proceeds in lower yielding
assets, (v) the possibility that earnings of the REIT issuer may be insufficient
to meet its debt service and dividend obligations and (vi) the declining
creditworthiness and potential for insolvency of the issuer of such REIT
securities during periods of rising interest rates and economic downturn. These
risks may adversely affect the value of outstanding REIT securities and the
ability of the issuers thereof to repay principal and interest or make dividend
payments.
The
real estate related loans and other direct and indirect interests in pools
of
real estate properties or other loans that we invest in may be subject to
additional risks relating to the privately negotiated structure and terms of
the
transaction, which may result in losses to us.
We
invest
in real estate related loans and other direct and indirect interests in pools
of
real estate properties or loans.
We
invest
in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by second
mortgages on the underlying real property or other business assets or revenue
streams or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of the entity
owning real property or other business assets or revenue streams (or the
ownership interest of the parent of such entity). These types of investments
involve a higher degree of risk than long term senior lending secured by
business assets or income producing real property because the investment may
become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by a senior lender. In the event
of
a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests
as
security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the
assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If
a
borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the
event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after
the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment.
In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan to value ratios than
conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the property and
increasing the risk of loss of principal.
We
also
invest in mortgage loans (“B” Notes) that while secured by a first mortgage on a
single large commercial property or group of related properties are subordinated
to an "A Note" secured by the same first mortgage on the same collateral. As
a
result, if an issuer defaults, there may not be sufficient funds remaining
for B
Note holders. B Notes reflect similar credit risks to comparably rated
commercial mortgage backed securities. We also invest, directly or indirectly,
in pools of real estate properties or loans. However, since each transaction
is
privately negotiated, these investments can vary in their structural
characteristics and risks. For example, the rights of holders of B Notes to
control the process following a borrower default may vary from transaction
to
transaction, while investments in pools of real estate properties or loans
may
be subject to varying contractual arrangements with third party co-investors
in
such pools. Further, B Notes typically are secured by a single property, and
so
reflect the risks associated with significant concentration. These investments
also are less liquid than commercial mortgage backed securities.
16
Insurance
on real estate in which we have interests (including the real estate serving
as
collateral for our real estate securities and loans) may not cover all losses.
There
are
certain types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as
earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, terrorism or acts of war, that may be
uninsurable or not economically insurable. Inflation, changes in building codes
and ordinances, environmental considerations, and other factors, including
terrorism or acts of war, also might make the insurance proceeds insufficient
to
repair or replace a property if it is damaged or destroyed. Under such
circumstances, the insurance proceeds received might not be adequate to restore
our economic position with respect to the affected real property. As a result
of
the events of September 11, 2001, insurance companies are limiting and/or
excluding coverage for acts of terrorism in insurance policies. As a result,
we
may suffer losses from acts of terrorism that are not covered by insurance.
In
addition, the mortgage loans which are secured by certain of the properties
in
which we have interests contain customary covenants, including covenants that
require property insurance to be maintained in an amount equal to the
replacement cost of the properties. There can be no assurance that the lenders
under these mortgage loans will not take the position that exclusions from
coverage for losses due to terrorist acts is a breach of a covenant which,
if
uncured, could allow the lenders to declare an event of default and accelerate
repayment of the mortgage loans.
Environmental
compliance costs and liabilities with respect to our real estate in which we
have interests may adversely affect our results of operations.
Our
operating costs may be affected by our obligation to pay for the cost of
complying with existing environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, as
well
as the cost of complying with future legislation with respect to the assets,
or
loans secured by assets, with environmental problems that materially impair
the
value of the assets. Under various federal, state and local environmental laws,
ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real
property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous
or
toxic substances on, under, or in such property. Such laws often impose
liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible
for,
the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. In addition, the presence
of
hazardous or toxic substances, or the failure to remediate properly, may
adversely affect the owner's ability to borrow by using such real property
as
collateral. Certain environmental laws and common law principles could be used
to impose liability for releases of hazardous materials, including
asbestos-containing materials, into the environment, and third parties may
seek
recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury
associated with exposure to released asbestos-containing materials or other
hazardous materials. Environmental laws may also impose restrictions on the
manner in which a property may be used or transferred or in which businesses
it
may be operated, and these restrictions may require expenditures. In connection
with the direct or indirect ownership and operation of properties, we may be
potentially liable for any such costs. The cost of defending against claims
of
liability or remediating contaminated property and the cost of complying with
environmental laws could adversely affect our results of operations and
financial condition.
Many
or our investments are illiquid and this lack of liquidity could significantly
impede our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic
and
other conditions or to realize the value at which such investments are carried
if we are required to dispose of them.
Operating
real estate and other direct and indirect investments in real estate and real
estate related assets are generally illiquid. Our investments in unconsolidated
subsidiaries are also illiquid. In addition, the real estate securities that
we
purchase
in connection with privately negotiated transactions are not registered under
the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer,
sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from
the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those
laws. In addition, there are no established trading markets for a majority
of
our investments. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response
to
changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.
Our
assets are valued based primarily on third party quotations which are subject
to
significant variability based on market conditions. Certain of our investments,
however, are highly illiquid and we will not have access to readily
ascertainable market prices when establishing valuations of them. While we
will
endeavor to determine and establish valuations of our investments based on
our
manager’s estimate of the fair market value of such investments, if we are
required to liquidate all or a portion of our illiquid investments quickly,
we
may realize significantly less than the amount at which we have previously
valued these investments.
Interest
rate fluctuations and shifts in the yield curve may cause losses.
Our
primary interest rate exposures relate to our real estate securities, loans,
floating rate debt obligations, interest rate swaps, and interest rate caps.
Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest
income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on our
interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with
our
interest-bearing liabilities and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates
also can affect, among other things, our ability to acquire real estate
securities and loans at attractive prices, the value of our real estate
securities, loans and derivatives and our ability to realize gains from the
sale
of such assets.
17
In
the
event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or economic
downturn, loan and collateral defaults may increase and result in credit losses
that would adversely affect our liquidity and operating results. Interest rates
are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax
policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions, and
other factors beyond our control.
Our
ability to execute our business strategy, particularly the growth of our
investment portfolio, depends to a significant degree on our ability to obtain
additional capital. Our financing strategy is dependent on our ability to place
the match funded debt we use to finance our investments at rates that provide
a
positive net spread. If spreads for such liabilities widen or if demand for
such
liabilities ceases to exist, then our ability to execute future financings
will
be severely restricted.
Interest
rate changes may also impact our net book value as our real estate securities
and related hedge derivatives are marked to market each quarter. Our loan
investments and debt obligations are not marked to market. Generally, as
interest rates increase, the value of our fixed rate securities decreases,
which
will decrease the book value of our equity.
Furthermore,
shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve, which represents the market's
expectations of future interest rates, would also affect the yield required
on
our real estate securities and therefore their value. This would have similar
effects on our real estate securities portfolio and our financial position
and
operations to a change in interest rates generally.
Our
investments in real estate securities and loans are subject to changes in credit
spreads which could adversely affect our ability to realize gains on the sale
of
such investments.
Real
estate securities are subject to changes in credit spreads. Fixed rate
securities are valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable
on
fixed rate U.S. Treasuries of like maturity. The value of these securities
is
dependent on the yield demanded on these securities by the market based on
their
credit relative to U.S. Treasuries. Excessive supply of these securities
combined with reduced demand will generally cause the market to require a higher
yield on these securities, resulting in the use of a higher, or "wider," spread
over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury security yield)
to
value such securities. Under such conditions, the value of our real estate
securities portfolio would tend to decline. Conversely, if the spread used
to
value such securities were to decrease, or "tighten," the value of our real
estate securities portfolio would tend to increase. Our floating rate securities
are valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are affected similarly
by changes in LIBOR spreads. Such changes in the market value of our real estate
securities portfolio may affect our net equity, net income or cash flow directly
through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on available for sale
securities, and therefore our ability to realize gains on such securities,
or
indirectly through their impact on our ability to borrow and access capital.
Our
loan
portfolios are also subject to changes in credit spreads. Our floating rate
loans are valued based on a market credit spread to LIBOR. The value of these
loans is dependent on the yield demanded by the market based on their credit
relative to LIBOR. The value of our floating rate loans would tend to decline
should the market require a higher yield on such loans, resulting in the use
of
a higher spread over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable LIBOR yield).
Our fixed rate loans are valued based on a market credit spread over U.S.
Treasuries and are affected similarly by changes in U.S. Treasury spreads.
If
the value of our loans subject to repurchase agreements were to decline, it
could affect our ability to refinance such loans upon the maturity of the
related repurchase agreements. Any credit or spread related losses incurred
with
respect to our loans would affect us in the same way as similar losses on our
real estate securities portfolio as described above, except that our loans
are
not marked to market.
In
addition, widening credit spreads will generally result in a decrease in the
mark to market value of certain investments which are treated as derivatives
on
our balance sheet, such as total rate of return swaps. Since changes in the
value of such assets are reflected in our income statement, this would result
in
a decrease in our net income. To the extent that we choose to make increasing
investments in real estate related assets by means of entering into total rate
of return swaps, our net income will become more susceptible to decreases
stemming from credit spread changes.
Our
hedging transactions may limit our gains or result in losses.
We
use
derivatives to hedge our interest rate exposure and this has certain risks,
including the risk that losses on a hedge position will reduce the cash
available for distribution to stockholders and that such losses may exceed
the
amount invested in such instruments. We have adopted a general policy with
respect to the use of derivatives, which generally allows us to use derivatives
where appropriate, but does not set forth specific policies and procedures.
We
use derivative instruments, including forwards, futures, swaps and options,
in
our risk management strategy to limit the effects of changes in interest rates
on our operations. A hedge may not be effective in eliminating all of the risks
inherent in any particular position. Our profitability may be adversely affected
during any period as a result of the use of derivatives.
18
There
are
limits to the ability of hedging strategy to protect us completely against
interest rate risks. When rates change, we expect the gain or loss on
derivatives to be offset by a related but inverse change in the value of the
items, generally our liabilities, which we hedge. We cannot assure you, however,
that our use of derivatives will offset the risks related to changes in interest
rates. We cannot assure you that our hedging strategy and the derivatives that
we use will adequately offset the risk of interest rate volatility or that
our
hedging transactions will not result in losses.
In
managing our hedge instruments, we consider the effect of the expected hedging
income on the REIT qualification tests that limit the amount of gross income
that a REIT may receive from hedging. The REIT provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code limit our ability to hedge. We need to carefully monitor, and
may
have to limit, our hedging strategy to assure that we do not realize hedging
income, or hold hedges having a value, in excess of the amounts which would
cause us to fail the REIT gross income and asset tests.
Accounting
for derivatives under GAAP is extremely complicated. Any failure by us to
account for our derivatives properly in accordance with GAAP in our financial
statements could adversely affect our earnings.
Prepayment
rates can increase, adversely affecting yields on certain investments, including
our residential mortgage loans.
The
value
of our assets may be affected by prepayment rates on our residential mortgage
loans and other floating rate assets. Prepayment rates are influenced by changes
in current interest rates and a variety of economic, geographic and other
factors beyond our control, and consequently, such prepayment rates cannot
be
predicted with certainty. In periods of declining mortgage interest rates,
prepayments on loans generally increase. If general interest rates decline
as
well, the proceeds of such prepayments received during such periods are likely
to be reinvested by us in assets yielding less than the yields on the assets
that were prepaid. In addition, the market value of floating rate assets may,
because of the risk of prepayment, benefit less than fixed rate assets from
declining interest rates. Conversely, in periods of rising interest rates,
prepayments on loans generally decrease, in which case we would not have the
prepayment proceeds available to invest in assets with higher yields. Under
certain interest rate and prepayment scenarios we may fail to recoup fully
our
cost of acquisition of certain investments.
In
addition, when market conditions lead us to increase the portion of our CBO
investments that are comprised of floating rate securities, the risk of assets
inside our CBOs prepaying increases. Since our CBO financing costs are locked
in, reinvestment of such prepayment proceeds at lower yields than the initial
investments, as a result of changes in the interest rate or credit spread
environment, will result in a decrease of the return on our equity and therefore
our net income.
Risks
Relating to Our Taxation as a REIT
Our
failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes and reduced cash
available for distribution to our stockholders.
We
operate in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes. Our ability to satisfy the asset tests depends upon our analysis
of
the fair market values of our assets, some of which are not susceptible to
a
precise determination, and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals.
Our compliance with the REIT income and quarterly asset requirements also
depends upon our ability to successfully manage the composition of our income
and assets on an ongoing basis. Moreover, the proper classification of an
instrument as debt or equity for federal income tax purposes, and the tax
treatment of participation interests that we hold in mortgage loans and
mezzanine loans, may be uncertain in some circumstances, which could affect
the
application of the REIT qualification requirements. Accordingly, there can
be no
assurance that the IRS will not contend that our interests in subsidiaries
or
other issuers will not cause a violation of the REIT requirements.
If
we
were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we would be subject
to
federal income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our
taxable income at regular corporate rates, and distributions to stockholders
would not be deductible by us in computing our taxable income. Any such
corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of
cash
available for distribution to our stockholders, which in turn could have an
adverse impact on the value of, and trading prices for, our stock. Unless
entitled to relief under certain Internal Revenue Code provisions, we also
would
be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following
the
year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. The rule against re-electing
REIT status following a loss of such status could also apply to us if Newcastle
Investment Holdings Corp., a former stockholder of the Company, failed to
qualify as a REIT, and we are treated as a successor to Newcastle Investment
Holdings for federal income tax purposes.
19
Dividends
payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates.
Tax
law
changes in 2003 reduced the maximum tax rate for dividends payable to
individuals from 35% to 15% (through 2010). Dividends payable by REITs, however,
are generally not eligible for the reduced rates. Although this legislation
does
not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends paid by REITs, the
more
favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause investors
who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs to
be
relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT
corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of
the
stock of REITs, including our common stock. In addition, the relative
attractiveness of real estate in general may be adversely affected by the newly
favorable tax treatment given to corporate dividends, which could affect the
value of our real estate assets negatively.
REIT
distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our
business plan.
We
generally must distribute annually at least 90% of our net taxable income,
excluding any net capital gain, in order for corporate income tax not to apply
to earnings that we distribute. We intend to make distributions to our
stockholders to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code.
However, differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income and
the
actual receipt of cash could require us to sell assets or borrow funds on a
short-term or long-term basis to meet the 90% distribution requirement of the
Internal Revenue Code. Certain of our assets may generate substantial mismatches
between taxable income and available cash. As a result, the requirement to
distribute a substantial portion of our net taxable income could cause us to:
(i) sell assets in adverse market conditions, (ii) borrow on unfavorable terms
or (iii) distribute amounts that would otherwise be invested in future
acquisitions, capital expenditures or repayment of debt, in order to comply
with
REIT requirements. Further, amounts distributed will not be available to fund
investment activities. If we fail to obtain debt or equity capital in the
future, it could limit our ability to grow, which could adversely affect the
value of our common stock.
The
stock ownership limit imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and our
charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and restrict our business
combination opportunities.
In
order
for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code,
not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly
or
indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue
Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each
taxable year after our first year. Our charter, with certain exceptions,
authorizes our board of directors to take the actions that are necessary and
desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by our board
of directors, no person may own more than 8% of the aggregate value of our
outstanding capital stock, treating classes and series of our stock in the
aggregate, or more than 25% of the outstanding shares of our Series B Preferred
Stock or Series C Preferred Stock. Our board may grant an exemption in its
sole
discretion, subject to such conditions, representations and undertakings as
it
may determine in its sole discretion. These ownership limits could delay or
prevent a transaction or a change in our control that might involve a premium
price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our
stockholders. Our board has granted limited exemptions to an affiliate of our
manager, a third party group of funds managed by Cohen & Steers, and certain
affiliates of these entities.
Even
if we remain qualified as a REIT, we may face other tax liabilities that reduce
our cash flow.
Even
if
we remain qualified for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain
federal, state and local taxes on our income and assets, including taxes on
any
undistributed income, tax on income from some activities conducted as a result
of a foreclosure, and state or local income, property and transfer taxes, such
as mortgage recording taxes. Any of these taxes would decrease cash available
for distribution to our stockholders. In addition, in order to meet the REIT
qualification requirements, or to avert the imposition of a 100% tax that
applies to certain gains derived by a REIT from dealer property or inventory,
we
may hold some of our assets through taxable REIT subsidiaries. Such subsidiaries
will be subject to corporate level income tax at regular rates.
Complying
with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive
opportunities.
To
qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy
tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature
and
diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders
and
the ownership of our stock. We also may be required to make distributions to
stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily
available for distribution. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may
hinder our ability to make certain attractive investments.
20
The
“taxable mortgage pool” rules may increase the taxes that we or our stockholders
may incur, and may limit the manner in which we effect future securitizations.
Certain
of our securitizations have resulted in the creation of taxable mortgage pools
for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, so long as we own 100% of the equity
interests in a taxable mortgage pool, we would generally not be adversely
affected by the characterization of the securitization as a taxable mortgage
pool. Certain categories of stockholders, however, such as foreign stockholders
eligible for treaty or other benefits, stockholders with net operating losses,
and certain tax-exempt stockholders that are subject to unrelated business
income tax, could be subject to increased taxes on a portion of their dividend
income from us that is attributable to the taxable mortgage pool. In addition,
to the extent that our stock is owned by tax-exempt “disqualified
organizations,” such as certain government-related entities and charitable
remainder trusts that are not subject to tax on unrelated business income,
we
may incur a corporate level tax on a portion of our income from the taxable
mortgage pool. In that case, we may reduce the amount of our distributions
to
any disqualified organization whose stock ownership gave rise to the
tax.
Maintenance
of our Investment Company Act exemption imposes limits on our operations.
We
conduct our operations so as not to become regulated as an investment company
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. We believe that there
are
a number of exemptions under the Investment Company Act that may be applicable
to us. The assets that we may acquire, therefore, are limited by the provisions
of the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated under
the Investment Company Act. In addition, we could, among other things, be
required either (a) to change the manner in which we conduct our operations
to
avoid being required to register as an investment company or (b) to register
as
an investment company, either of which could adversely affect us and the market
price for our stock.
ERISA
may restrict investments by plans in our common stock.
A
plan
fiduciary considering an investment in our common stock should consider, among
other things, whether such an investment is consistent with the fiduciary
obligations under ERISA, including whether such investment might constitute
or
give rise to a prohibited transaction under ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code
or
any substantially similar federal, state or local law and, if so, whether an
exemption from such prohibited transaction rules is available.
Maryland
takeover statutes may prevent a change of our control. This could depress our
stock price.
Under
Maryland law, "business combinations" between a Maryland corporation and an
interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are
prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested
stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations
include certain mergers, consolidations, share exchanges, or, in circumstances
specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification
of
equity securities or a liquidation or dissolution. An interested stockholder
is
defined as:
· |
any
person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the
corporation's outstanding shares; or
|
· |
an
affiliate or associate of a corporation who, at any time within the
two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial
owner of
10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of
the
corporation.
|
A
person
is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors
approved in advance the transaction by which he or she otherwise would have
become an interested stockholder.
After
the
five--year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland
corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by
the
board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote
of at
least:
· |
80%
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares
of
voting stock of the corporation voting together as a single group;
and
|
· |
two-thirds
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the
corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder
with whom
or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected
or held
by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder voting
together
as a single voting group.
|
The
business combination statute may discourage others from trying to acquire
control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer, including
potential acquisitions that might involve a premium price for our common stock
or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
21
Our
authorized, but unissued common and preferred stock may prevent a change in
our
control.
Our
charter authorizes us to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of
our
common stock or preferred stock. In addition, our board of directors may
classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common stock or preferred stock
and may set the preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or
reclassified shares. As a result, our board may establish a series of preferred
stock that could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that
might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best
interest of our stockholders.
Our
stockholder rights plan could inhibit a change in our control.
We
have
adopted a stockholder rights agreement. Under the terms of the rights agreement,
in general, if a person or group acquires more than 15% of the outstanding
shares of our common stock, all of our other common stockholders will have
the
right to purchase securities from us at a discount to such securities' fair
market value, thus causing substantial dilution to the acquiring person. The
rights agreement may have the effect of inhibiting or impeding a change in
control not approved by our board of directors and, therefore, could adversely
affect our stockholders' ability to realize a premium over the then-prevailing
market price for our common stock in connection with such a transaction. In
addition, since our board of directors can prevent the rights agreement from
operating, in the event our board approves of an acquiring person, the rights
agreement gives our board of directors significant discretion over whether
a
potential acquirer's efforts to acquire a large interest in us will be
successful. Because the rights agreement contains provisions that are designed
to assure that the executive officers, our manager and its affiliates will
never, alone, be considered a group that is an acquiring person, the rights
agreement provides the executive officers, our manager and its affiliates with
certain advantages under the rights agreement that are not available to other
stockholders.
Our
staggered board and other provisions of our charter and bylaws may prevent
a
change in our control.
Our
board
of directors is divided into three classes of directors. Directors of each
class
are chosen for three-year terms upon the expiration of their current terms,
and
each year one class of directors is elected by the stockholders. The staggered
terms of our directors may reduce the possibility of a tender offer or an
attempt at a change in control, even though a tender offer or change in control
might be in the best interest of our stockholders. In addition, our charter
and
bylaws also contain other provisions that may delay or prevent a transaction
or
a change in control that might involve a premium price for our common stock
or
otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
22
Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
We
have
no unresolved staff comments.
Item
2. Properties.
Our
direct investments in properties are described under “Business - Our Investing
Activities.”
Our
manager leases principal executive and administrative offices located at 1345
Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, 46th floor. Its telephone
number is (212) 798-6100.
Item
3. Legal Proceedings.
We
are
not a party to any material legal proceedings.
Item
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
No
matters were submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth
quarter of 2006.
PART
II
Item
5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Our
common stock has been listed and is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
under the symbol “NCT” since our initial public offering in October 2002. The
following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low and last
sale prices in dollars on the NYSE for our common stock and the distributions
we
declared with respect to the periods indicated.
2006
|
High
|
Low
|
Last
Sale
|
Distributions
Declared
|
||||
First
Quarter
|
$27.50
|
$23.34
|
$23.92
|
$0.625
|
||||
Second
Quarter
|
$26.30
|
$22.16
|
$25.32
|
$0.650
|
||||
Third
Quarter
|
$28.58
|
$24.60
|
$27.41
|
$0.650
|
||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
$32.59
|
$26.78
|
$31.32
|
$0.690
|
||||
2005
|
High
|
Low
|
Last
Sale
|
Distributions
Declared
|
||||
First
Quarter
|
$31.95
|
$29.27
|
$29.60
|
$0.625
|
||||
Second
Quarter
|
$32.31
|
$28.25
|
$30.15
|
$0.625
|
||||
Third
Quarter
|
$31.25
|
$27.00
|
$27.90
|
$0.625
|
||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
$27.96
|
$24.74
|
$24.85
|
$0.625
|
We
intend
to continue to declare quarterly distributions on our common stock. No
assurance, however, can be given as to the amounts or timing of future
distributions as such distributions are subject to our earnings, financial
condition, capital requirements and such other factors as our board of directors
deems relevant.
On
February 16, 2007, the closing sale price for our common stock, as reported
on
the NYSE, was $31.50. As of February 16, 2007, there were approximately 113
record holders of our common stock. This figure does not reflect the beneficial
ownership of shares held in nominee name.
23
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
The
following table summarizes the total number of outstanding securities in the
incentive plan and the number of securities remaining for future issuance,
as
well as the weighted average exercise price of all outstanding securities as
of
December 31, 2006.
Plan
Category
|
|
Number
of Securities to be
Issued
Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price of
Outstanding
Options
|
|
Number
of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity
Compensation Plans
|
Equity
Compensation Plans Approved
|
||||||
by
Security Holders:
|
||||||
Newcastle
Investment Corp. Nonqualified
|
||||||
Stock
Option and Incentive Award Plan
|
1,883,807
(1)
|
$25.89
|
7,148,169
(2)
|
|||
Equity
Compensation Plans Not Approved
|
|
|||||
by
Security Holders:
|
|
|||||
None
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
(1) |
Includes
options for (i) 1,278,014 shares held by an affiliate of our
manager; (ii)
591,793 shares granted to our manager and assigned to certain
of the
manager’s employees; and (iii) an aggregate of 14,000 shares held by
our
directors, other than Mr.
Edens.
|
(2) |
The
maximum available for issuance is equal to 10% of the number of
outstanding equity interests, subject to a maximum of 10,000,000
shares in
the aggregate over the term of the plan. The number of securities
remaining available for future issuance is net of an aggregate of
8,104
shares of our common stock awards to our directors, other than Mr.
Edens,
representing the aggregate annual automatic stock awards to each
such
director for 2003 through 2006, and of 959,920 shares issued to certain
of
our directors and employees of our manager upon the exercise of previously
granted options.
|
24
Item
6. Selected Financial Data.
The
selected historical consolidated financial information set forth below as of
December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and for the years ended December
31, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003 and 2002 has been derived from our audited historical
consolidated financial statements.
The
information below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Selected
Consolidated Financial Information
(in
thousands, except per share data)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2002
|
||||||
Operating
Data
|
(1)
|
|||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
530,006
|
$
|
348,516
|
$
|
225,761
|
$
|
133,183
|
$
|
73,620
|
||||||
Other
income
|
22,603
|
29,697
|
23,908
|
18,901
|
18,716
|
|||||||||||
552,609
|
378,213
|
249,669
|
152,084
|
92,336
|
||||||||||||
Expenses
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
374,269
|
226,446
|
136,398
|
76,877
|
44,238
|
|||||||||||
Other
expense
|
56,608
|
42,529
|
29,259
|
20,828
|
18,197
|
|||||||||||
430,877
|
268,975
|
165,657
|
97,705
|
62,435
|
||||||||||||
Income
before equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
121,732
|
109,238
|
84,012
|
54,379
|
29,901
|
|||||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net
|
5,968
|
5,609
|
9,957
|
862
|
362
|
|||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
127,700
|
114,847
|
93,969
|
55,241
|
30,263
|
|||||||||||
Income
from discontinued operations
|
223
|
2,108
|
4,446
|
877
|
1,232
|
|||||||||||
Net
income
|
127,923
|
116,955
|
98,415
|
56,118
|
31,495
|
|||||||||||
Preferred
dividends and related accretion
|
(9,314
|
)
|
(6,684
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
(4,773
|
)
|
(1,162
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
118,609
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
$
|
51,345
|
$
|
30,333
|
||||||
Net
income per share of common stock, diluted
|
$
|
2.67
|
$
|
2.51
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
1.96
|
$
|
1.68
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common stock,
|
||||||||||||||||
after
preferred dividends, diluted
|
$
|
2.67
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
2.34
|
$
|
1.93
|
$
|
1.61
|
||||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
outstanding,
diluted
|
44,417
|
43,986
|
37,558
|
26,141
|
18,090
|
|||||||||||
Dividends
declared per share of common stock-NCT
|
$
|
2.615
|
$
|
2.500
|
$
|
2.425
|
$
|
1.950
|
$
|
0.850
|
||||||
Dividends
declared per share of common stock-predecessor
|
$
|
1.200
|
As
Of December 31,
|
||||||||||||||||
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
|||||||||||
Balance
Sheet Data
|
||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities, available for sale
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
3,369,496
|
$
|
2,192,727
|
$
|
1,025,010
|
||||||
Real
estate related loans, net
|
1,568,916
|
615,551
|
591,890
|
402,784
|
26,417
|
|||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans, net
|
809,097
|
600,682
|
654,784
|
586,237
|
258,198
|
|||||||||||
Operating
real estate, net
|
29,626
|
16,673
|
57,193
|
102,995
|
113,652
|
|||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
5,371
|
21,275
|
37,911
|
60,403
|
45,463
|
|||||||||||
Total
assets
|
8,604,392
|
6,209,699
|
4,932,720
|
3,550,299
|
1,574,828
|
|||||||||||
Debt
|
7,504,731
|
5,212,358
|
4,021,396
|
2,924,552
|
1,217,007
|
|||||||||||
Total
liabilities
|
7,602,412
|
5,291,696
|
4,136,005
|
3,010,936
|
1,288,326
|
|||||||||||
Common
stockholders' equity
|
899,480
|
815,503
|
734,215
|
476,863
|
284,241
|
|||||||||||
Preferred
stock
|
102,500
|
102,500
|
62,500
|
62,500
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Supplemental
Balance Sheet Data
|
||||||||||||||||
Common
shares outstanding
|
45,714
|
43,913
|
39,859
|
31,375
|
23,489
|
|||||||||||
Book
value per share of common stock
|
$
|
19.68
|
$
|
18.57
|
$
|
18.42
|
$
|
15.20
|
$
|
12.10
|
||||||
(1)
Includes the operations of our predecessor through the date of
commencement of our operations, July 12,
2002.
|
25
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2002
|
||||||
Other
Data
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash
Flow provided by (used in):
|
||||||||||||||||
Operating
activities
|
$
|
16,322
|
$
|
98,763
|
$
|
90,355
|
$
|
38,454
|
$
|
21,919
|
||||||
Investing
activities
|
(1,963,058
|
)
|
(1,334,746
|
)
|
(1,332,164
|
)
|
(1,659,026
|
)
|
(683,053
|
)
|
||||||
Financing
activities
|
1,930,832
|
1,219,347
|
1,219,317
|
1,635,512
|
675,237
|
|||||||||||
Funds
from Operations (FFO) (1)
|
119,421
|
104,031
|
86,201
|
54,380
|
37,633
|
(1)
|
We
believe FFO is one appropriate measure of the operating performance
of
real estate companies. We also believe that FFO is an appropriate
supplemental disclosure of operating performance for a REIT due to
its
widespread acceptance and use within the REIT and analyst communities.
Furthermore, FFO is used to compute our incentive compensation to our
manager. FFO, for our purposes, represents net income available for
common
stockholders (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding extraordinary
items, plus depreciation of our operating real estate, and after
adjustments for unconsolidated subsidiaries, if any. We consider
gains and
losses on resolution of our investments to be a normal part of our
recurring operations and, therefore, do not exclude such gains and
losses
when arriving at FFO. Adjustments for unconsolidated subsidiaries,
if any,
are calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis. FFO does not represent
cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP
and
therefore should not be considered an alternative to net income as
an
indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash
flow
as a measure of our liquidity and is not necessarily indicative of
cash
available to fund cash needs. Our calculation of FFO may be different
from
the calculation used by other companies and, therefore, comparability
may
be limited.
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|||||||||||||||
2006
|
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
|||||||||||
Calculation
of Funds From Operations (FFO):
|
||||||||||||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
118,609
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
$
|
51,345
|
$
|
30,333
|
||||||
Operating
real estate depreciation
|
812
|
702
|
2,199
|
3,035
|
7,994
|
|||||||||||
Accumulated
depreciation on operating real estate sold
|
-
|
(6,942
|
)
|
(8,319
|
)
|
-
|
(2,847
|
)
|
||||||||
Other
(1)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,153
|
|||||||||||
Funds
from operations (FFO)
|
$
|
119,421
|
$
|
104,031
|
$
|
86,201
|
$
|
54,380
|
$
|
37,633
|
||||||
(1)
Related to an investment retained by our predecessor
26
Item
7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
The
following should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial
statements and notes thereto included in “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
General
Newcastle
Investment Corp. is a real estate investment and finance company. We invest
in
real estate securities, loans and other real estate related assets. In addition,
we consider other opportunistic investments which capitalize on our manager’s
expertise and which we believe present attractive risk/return profiles and
are
consistent with our investment guidelines. We seek to deliver stable dividends
and attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders through prudent asset
selection, active management and the use of match funded financing structures,
when appropriate, which reduces our interest rate and financing risks. Our
objective is to maximize the difference between the yield on our investments
and
the cost of financing these investments while hedging our interest rate risk.
We
emphasize asset quality, diversification, match funded financing and credit
risk
management.
We
currently own a diversified portfolio of moderately credit sensitive real estate
debt investments including securities and loans. Our portfolio of real estate
securities includes commercial mortgage backed securities (CMBS), senior
unsecured debt issued by property REITs, real estate related asset backed
securities (ABS) and agency residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS).
Mortgage backed securities are interests in or obligations secured by pools
of
mortgage loans. We generally target investments rated A through BB, except
for
our agency RMBS which are generally considered AAA rated. We also own, directly
and indirectly, interests in loans and pools of loans, including real estate
related loans, commercial mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans,
manufactured housing loans and subprime residential loans. We also own, directly
and indirectly, interests in operating real estate.
We
employ
leverage in order to achieve our return objectives. We do not have a
predetermined target debt to equity ratio as we believe the appropriate leverage
for the particular assets we are financing depends on the credit quality of
those assets. As of December 31, 2006, our debt to equity ratio was
approximately 7.5 to 1. On a pro forma basis, our debt to equity ratio would
have been 6.7 to 1 if the trust preferred securities we issued in March 2006
were considered equity for purposes of this computation. Also, on a pro forma
basis, our debt to equity ratio would have been 6.9 to 1 after adjustment for
the common stock issued in January 2007.
We
maintain access to a broad array of capital resources in an effort to insulate
our business from potential fluctuations in the availability of capital. We
utilize a multiple forms of financing including collateralized bond obligations
(CBOs), other securitizations, term loans, credit facility and trust preferred
securities, as well as short term financing in the form of repurchase agreements
and asset backed commercial paper.
We
seek
to match fund our investments with respect to interest rates and maturities
in
order to minimize the impact of interest rate fluctuations on earnings and
reduce the risk of refinancing our liabilities prior to the maturity of the
investments. We seek to finance a substantial portion of our real estate
securities and loans through the issuance of debt securities in the form of
CBOs, which are obligations issued in multiple classes secured by an underlying
portfolio of securities. Our CBO financings offer us the structural flexibility
to buy and sell certain investments to manage risk and, subject to certain
limitations, to optimize returns.
Market
Considerations
Our
ability to maintain our dividends and grow our business is dependent on our
ability to invest our capital on a timely basis at yields which exceed our
cost
of capital. The primary market factor that bears on this is credit
spread.
Generally
speaking, tightening credit spreads increase the unrealized gains on our current
investments and reduce our financing costs, but reduce the yields available
on
potential new investments, while widening credit spreads reduce the unrealized
gains on our current investments (or cause unrealized losses) and increase
our
financing costs, but increase the yields available on potential new
investments.
In
2004
credit spreads on real estate securities tightened to historical lows, before
widening in 2005. In 2006, these spreads tightened once again. This tightening
of credit spreads and increasing interest rates caused the net unrealized gains
on our securities and derivatives, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive
income, and therefore our book value per share to increase on a net basis from
December 31, 2003 to December 31, 2006.
In
addition, trends in market interest rates continue to also affect our
operations, although to a lesser degree due to our match funded financing
strategy. Interest rates had been historically low throughout 2004, before
rising in 2005 and continuing to increase in 2006.
Interest
rates, as well as property values and other factors, influence the prepayment
rates on our investments. Higher prepayment rates can hinder our ability to
deploy capital in a timely manner, thereby reducing our return on equity, which
occurred in 2005.
27
We
continue to pursue opportunistic investments within our investment guidelines
that offer a more attractive risk adjusted return, including investments in
subprime mortgage loans and manufactured housing loans which we expect to
generate a net, loss adjusted yield in the high teens.
If
credit
spreads widen and interest rates continue to increase, we expect that our new
investment activities will benefit and our earnings will increase, although
our
net book value per share and the ability to realize gains from existing
investments may decrease.
Certain
aspects of these effects are more fully described in “Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Interest Rate,
Credit and Spread Risk” as well as in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
About Market Risk.”
Formation
and Organization
We
were
formed in 2002 as a subsidiary of Newcastle Investment Holdings Corp. (referred
to herein as Holdings). Prior to our initial public offering, Holdings
contributed to us certain assets and liabilities in exchange for approximately
16.5 million shares of our common stock. Our operations commenced in July 2002.
In May 2003, Holdings distributed to its stockholders all of the shares of
our
common stock that it held, and it no longer owns any of our common
equity.
The
following table presents information on shares of our common stock issued since
our formation:
Year
|
|
Shares
Issued
|
Range
of
Issue
Prices (1)
|
Net
Proceeds
(millions)
|
||||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
|
$13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
|||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
|
$20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
|||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
|
$26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
|||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
|
$29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
|||||
2006
|
1,800,408
|
|
$29.42
|
$
|
51.2
|
|||||
December
31, 2006
|
45,713,817
|
|||||||||
January
2007
|
2,420,000
|
|
$31.30
|
$
|
75.0
|
(1) |
Excludes
prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and
of shares
issued to Newcastle's independent
directors.
|
As
of
December 31, 2006, approximately 2.9 million of our shares of common stock
were
held by our manager, through its affiliates, and principals of Fortress. In
addition, our manager, through its affiliates, held options to purchase
approximately 1.3 million shares of our common stock at December 31,
2006.
We
are
organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal
income tax purposes. As such, we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on that portion of our income that is distributed to stockholders
if
we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders by
prescribed dates and comply with various other requirements.
We
conduct our business by investing in three primary business segments: (i) real
estate securities and real estate related loans, (ii) residential mortgage
loans
and (iii) operating real estate.
Our
discontinued operations include the operations of properties which have been
sold or classified as Real Estate Held for Sale pursuant to SFAS No. 144. For
more information on these properties, see Note 6 of our consolidated financial
statements which appear in “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Net
proceeds from the sales of such properties have been redeployed to other
investments which better meet our strategic objectives.
Revenues
attributable to each segment are disclosed below (unaudited) (in
thousands).
For
the Year Ended
|
|
Real
Estate Securities and
Real
Estate
Related
Loans
|
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
|
Operating
Real
Estate
|
|
Unallocated
|
|
Total
|
||||||
December
31, 2006
|
$
|
441,965
|
$
|
105,621
|
$
|
5,117
|
$
|
(94
|
)
|
$
|
552,609
|
|||||
December
31, 2005
|
$
|
321,889
|
$
|
48,844
|
$
|
6,772
|
$
|
708
|
$
|
378,213
|
||||||
December
31, 2004
|
$
|
225,236
|
$
|
19,135
|
$
|
4,745
|
$
|
553
|
$
|
249,669
|
28
Taxation
We
have
elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and we intend to
continue to operate in such a manner. Our current and continuing qualification
as a REIT depends on our ability to meet various tax law requirements,
including, among others, requirements relating to the sources of our income,
the
nature of our assets, the composition of our stockholders, and the timing and
amount of distributions that we make.
As
a
REIT, we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax
on
our net income that is currently distributed to stockholders. We may, however,
nevertheless be subject to certain state, local and foreign income and other
taxes, and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes and penalties in certain
situations, including taxes on our undistributed income. In addition, our
stockholders may be subject to state, local or foreign taxation in various
jurisdictions, including those in which they or we transact business or reside.
The state, local and foreign tax treatment of us and our stockholders may not
conform to the U.S. federal income tax treatment.
If,
in
any taxable year, we fail to satisfy one or more of the various tax law
requirements, we could fail to qualify as a REIT. In addition, if Newcastle
Investment Holdings failed to qualify as a REIT and we are treated as a
successor to Newcastle Investment Holdings, this could cause us to likewise
fail
to qualify as a REIT. If we fail to qualify as a REIT for a particular tax
year,
our income in that year would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax
(including any applicable alternative minimum tax), and we may need to borrow
funds or liquidate certain investments in order to pay the applicable tax,
and
we would not be compelled by the Code to make distributions. Unless entitled
to
relief under certain statutory provisions, we would also be disqualified from
treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which
qualification is lost.
Although
we currently intend to operate in a manner designed to qualify as a REIT, it
is
possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other developments may
cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT, or may cause our board of directors
to
revoke the REIT election.
29
Application
of Critical Accounting Policies
Management’s
discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is
based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared
in
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the use
of
estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets
and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the
reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results could differ from
these
estimates. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions utilized
in
the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are prudent and
reasonable. Actual results have been in line with Management’s estimates and
judgements used in applying each of the accounting policies described below.
A
summary of our significant accounting policies is presented in Note 2 to our
consolidated financial statements, which appear in “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.” The following is a summary of our accounting policies that
are most effected by judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Variable
Interest Entities
In
December 2003, Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation (“FIN”) No.
46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” was issued as a modification
of FIN 46. FIN 46R, which became effective in the first quarter of 2004,
clarified the methodology for determining whether an entity is a variable
interest entity (“VIE”) and the methodology for assessing who is the primary
beneficiary of a VIE. VIEs are defined as entities in which equity investors
do
not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not
have
sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without
additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required
to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, and only its primary beneficiary,
which is defined as the party who will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected
losses or receive a majority of the expected residual returns as a result of
holding variable interests.
Prior
to
the adoption of FIN 46R, we consolidated our existing CBO transactions (the
“CBO
Entities) because we owned the entire equity interest in each of them,
representing a substantial portion of their capitalization, and we controlled
the management and resolution of their assets. We have determined that certain
of the CBO Entities are VIEs and that we are the primary beneficiary of each
of
these VIEs and have therefore continued to consolidate them. We have also
determined that the application of FIN 46R did not result in a change in our
accounting for any other entities which were previously consolidated. However,
it did cause us to consolidate one entity which was previously not consolidated,
ICH CMO, as described below under “Liquidity and Capital Resources.” We will
continue to analyze future CBO entities, as well as other investments, pursuant
to the requirements of FIN 46R. These analyses require considerable judgment
in
determining the primary beneficiary of a VIE since they involve estimated
probability weighting of subjectively determined possible cash flow scenarios.
The result could be the consolidation of an entity acquired or formed in the
future that would otherwise not have been consolidated or the non-consolidation
of such an entity that would otherwise have been consolidated.
Valuation
and Impairment of Securities
We
have
classified our real estate securities as available for sale. As such, they
are
carried at fair value with net unrealized gains or losses reported as a
component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Fair value is based
primarily upon broker quotations, as well as counterparty quotations, which
provide valuation estimates based upon reasonable market order indications
or a
good faith estimate thereof. These quotations are subject to significant
variability based on market conditions, such as interest rates and credit
spreads. Changes in market conditions, as well as changes in the assumptions
or
methodology used to determine fair value, could result in a significant increase
or decrease in our book equity. We must also assess whether unrealized losses
on
securities, if any, reflect a decline in value which is other than temporary
and, accordingly, write the impaired security down to its value through
earnings. For example, a decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary
if it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according
to
the contractual terms of a security which was not impaired at acquisition,
or if
we do not have the ability and intent to hold a security in an unrealized loss
position until its anticipated recovery (if any). Temporary declines in value
generally result from changes in market factors, such as market interest rates
and credit spreads, or from certain macroeconomic events, including market
disruptions and supply changes, which do not directly impact our ability to
collect amounts contractually due. We continually evaluate the credit status
of
each of our securities and, if necessary, the collateral supporting our
securities. This evaluation includes a review of the credit of the issuer of
the
security (if applicable), the credit rating of the security, the key terms
of
the security (including credit support), debt service coverage and loan to
value
ratios, the performance of the pool of underlying loans and the estimated value
of the collateral supporting such loans, including the effect of local, industry
and broader economic trends and factors. These factors include loan default
expectations and loss severities, which are analyzed in connection with a
particular security’s credit support, as well as prepayment rates. The result of
this evaluation is considered in relation to the amount of the unrealized loss
and the period elapsed since it was incurred. Significant judgment is required
in this analysis.
30
Revenue
Recognition on Securities
Income
on
these securities is recognized using a level yield methodology based upon a
number of cash flow assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and
contingencies. Such assumptions include the rate and timing of principal and
interest receipts (which may be subject to prepayments and defaults). These
assumptions are updated on at least a quarterly basis to reflect changes related
to a particular security, actual historical data, and market changes. These
uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to
future events and economic and market conditions, which may alter the
assumptions. For securities acquired at a discount for credit losses, the net
income
recognized
is based on a “loss adjusted yield” whereby a gross interest yield is recorded
to Interest Income, offset by a provision for probable, incurred credit losses
which is accrued on a periodic basis to Provision for Credit Losses. The
provision is determined based on an evaluation of the credit status of
securities, as described in connection with the analysis of impairment above.
A
rollforward of the provision, if any, is included in Note 4 to our consolidated
financial statements in “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
Valuation
of Derivatives
Similarly,
our derivative instruments are carried at fair value pursuant to Statement
of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS'') No. 133 "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities,'' as amended. Fair value is based on
counterparty quotations. To the extent they qualify as cash flow hedges under
SFAS No. 133, net unrealized gains or losses are reported as a component of
accumulated other comprehensive income; otherwise, they are reported currently
in income. To the extent they qualify as fair value hedges, net unrealized
gains
or losses on both the derivative and the related portion of the hedged item
are
reported currently in income. Fair values of such derivatives are subject to
significant variability based on many of the same factors as the securities
discussed above. The results of such variability could be a significant increase
or decrease in our book equity and/or earnings.
Impairment
of Loans
We
purchase, directly and indirectly, real estate related, commercial mortgage
and
residential mortgage loans, including manufactured housing loans, to be held
for
investment. We must periodically evaluate each of these loans or loan pools
for
possible impairment. Impairment is indicated when it is deemed probable that
we
will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms
of
the loan, or, for loans acquired at a discount for credit losses, when it is
deemed probable that we will be unable to collect as anticipated. Upon
determination of impairment, we would establish a specific valuation allowance
with a corresponding charge to earnings. We continually evaluate our loans
receivable for impairment. Our residential mortgage loans, including
manufactured housing loans, are aggregated into pools for evaluation based
on
like characteristics, such as loan type and acquisition date. Individual loans
are evaluated based on an analysis of the borrower’s performance, the credit
rating of the borrower, debt service coverage and loan to value ratios, the
estimated value of the underlying collateral, the key terms of the loan, and
the
effect of local, industry and broader economic trends and factors. Pools of
loans are also evaluated based on similar criteria, including trends in defaults
and loss severities for the type and seasoning of loans being evaluated. This
information is used to estimate specific impairment charges on individual loans
as well as provisions for estimated unidentified incurred losses on pools of
loans. Significant judgment is required both in determining impairment and
in
estimating the resulting loss allowance.
Revenue
Recognition on Loans
Income
on
these loans is recognized similarly to that on our securities and is subject
to
similar uncertainties and contingencies, which are also analyzed on at least
a
quarterly basis. For loans acquired at a discount for credit losses, the net
income recognized is based on a “loss adjusted yield” whereby a gross interest
yield is recorded to Interest Income, offset by a provision for probable,
incurred credit losses which is accrued on a periodic basis to Provision for
Credit Losses. The provision is determined based on an evaluation of the loans
as described under “Impairment of Loans” above. A rollforward of the provision
is included in Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements in “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Impairment
of Operating Real Estate
We
own
operating real estate held for investment. We review our operating real estate
for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Upon determination
of impairment, we would record a write-down of the asset, which would be charged
to earnings. Significant judgment is required both in determining impairment
and
in estimating the resulting write-down. In addition, when operating real estate
is classified as held for sale, it must be recorded at the lower of its carrying
amount or fair value less costs of sale. Significant judgment is required in
determining the fair value of such properties.
31
Accounting
Treatment for Certain Investments Financed with Repurchase
Agreements
We
owned
$305.7 million of assets purchased from particular counterparties which are
financed via $243.7 million of repurchase agreements with the same
counterparties at December 31, 2006. Currently, we record such assets and the
related financings gross on our balance sheet, and the corresponding interest
income and interest expense gross on our income statement. In addition, if
the
asset is a security, any change in fair value is reported through other
comprehensive income (since it is considered “available for sale”).
However,
in a transaction where assets are acquired from and financed under a repurchase
agreement with the same counterparty, the acquisition may not qualify as a
sale
from the seller’s perspective; in such cases, the seller may be required to
continue to consolidate the assets sold to us, based on their “continuing
involvement” with such investments. The result is that we may be precluded from
presenting the assets gross on our balance sheet as we currently do, and may
instead be required to treat our net investment in such assets as a derivative.
If
it is
determined that these transactions should be treated as investments in
derivatives, the interest rate swaps entered into by us to hedge our interest
rate exposure with respect to these transactions would no longer qualify for
hedge accounting, but would, as the underlying asset transactions, also be
marked to market through the income statement.
This
potential change in accounting treatment does not affect the economics of the
transactions but does affect how the transactions are reported in our financial
statements. Our cash flows, our liquidity and our ability to pay a dividend
would be unchanged, and we do not believe our taxable income would be affected.
Our net income and net equity would not be materially affected. In addition,
this would not affect Newcastle’s status as a REIT or cause it to fail to
qualify for its Investment Company Act exemption. We understand that this issue
has been submitted to accounting standard setters for resolution. If we were
to
change our current accounting treatment for these transactions, our total assets
and total liabilities would each be reduced by $244.3 million and $287.9 million
at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
32
Results
of Operations
We
raised
a significant amount of capital in offerings in each of these years, resulting
in additional capital being deployed to our investments which, in turn, caused
changes to our results of operations.
The
following table summarizes the changes in our results of operations from
year-to-year (dollars in thousands):
Year-to-Year
Increase
(Decrease)
|
|
Year-to-Year
Percent
Change
|
|
Explanation
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
|
2006/2005
|
|
2005/2004
|
|
2006/2005
|
|
2005/2004
|
|
2006/2005
|
|
2005/2004
|
|||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
181,490
|
$
|
122,755
|
52.1
|
%
|
54.4
|
%
|
(1)
|
|
(1)
|
|
|||||||
Rental
and escalation income
|
(1,786
|
)
|
1,903
|
(26.9
|
%)
|
40.1
|
%
|
(2)
|
|
(2)
|
|
||||||||
Gain
on sale of investments
|
(7,965
|
)
|
1,991
|
(39.2
|
%)
|
10.9
|
%
|
(3)
|
|
(3)
|
|
||||||||
Other
income
|
2,657
|
1,895
|
96.8
|
%
|
222.9
|
%
|
(4)
|
|
(4)
|
|
|||||||||
Interest
expense
|
147,823
|
90,048
|
65.3
|
%
|
66.0
|
%
|
(1)
|
|
(1)
|
|
|||||||||
Property
operating expense
|
1,442
|
(212
|
)
|
61.0
|
%
|
(8.2
|
%)
|
(2)
|
|
(2)
|
|
||||||||
Loan
and security servicing expense
|
951
|
2,936
|
15.9
|
%
|
96.0
|
%
|
(1)
|
|
(1)
|
|
|||||||||
Provision
for credit losses
|
1,017
|
8,421
|
12.1
|
%
|
N/A
|
(5)
|
|
(5)
|
|
||||||||||
Provision
for losses, loans held for sale
|
4,127
|
-
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
(6)
|
|
(6)
|
|
|||||||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
787
|
(438
|
)
|
18.9
|
%
|
(9.5
|
%)
|
(7)
|
|
(7)
|
|
||||||||
Management
fee to affiliate
|
693
|
2,705
|
5.2
|
%
|
25.5
|
%
|
(8)
|
|
(8)
|
|
|||||||||
Incentive
compensation to affiliate
|
4,618
|
(332
|
)
|
60.5
|
%
|
(4.2
|
%)
|
(8)
|
|
(8)
|
|
||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
444
|
190
|
69.3
|
%
|
42.1
|
%
|
(9)
|
|
(9)
|
|
|||||||||
Equity
in earnings of
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
unconsolidated
subsidiaries, net
|
359
|
(4,348
|
)
|
6.4
|
%
|
(43.7
|
%)
|
(10)
|
|
(10)
|
|
||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
$
|
12,853
|
$
|
20,878
|
11.2
|
%
|
22.2
|
%
|
(1) |
Changes
in interest income and expense are primarily due to our acquisition
and
disposition during these periods of interest bearing assets and related
financings, as follows:
|
Year-to-Year
Increase
|
|
||||||
|
|
Interest
Income
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
||
|
|
2006/2005
|
|
2006/2005
|
|||
Real
estate security and loan portfolios (A)
|
$
|
68,911
|
$
|
52,174
|
|||
Agency
RMBS
|
25,738
|
24,695
|
|||||
Other
real estate related loans
|
42,899
|
15,342
|
|||||
Subprime
mortgage loan portfolio
|
41,478
|
29,671
|
|||||
Credit
facility and junior subordinated notes
|
-
|
11,305
|
|||||
Manufactured
housing loan portfolio (B)
|
17,323
|
11,313
|
|||||
Other
(C)
|
9,375
|
16,908
|
|||||
Residential
mortgage loan portfolio (D)
|
(6,934
|
)
|
(4,557
|
)
|
|||
Other
real estate related loans (D)
|
(17,300
|
)
|
(9,028
|
)
|
|||
$
|
181,490
|
$
|
147,823
|
(A)
Represents our CBO financings and the acquisition of the related
collateral in the respective years.
|
||||
(B)
Primarily due to the acquisition of a manufactured housing loan
pool in
the third quarter of 2006.
|
||||
(C)
Primarily due to increasing interest rates on floating rate assets
and
liabilities owned during the period.
|
||||
(D)
These loans received paydowns during the period which served
to offset the
amounts listed above.
|
Year-to-Year
Increase
|
|
||||||
|
|
Interest
Income
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
||
|
|
2005/2004
|
|
2005/2004
|
|||
Real
estate security and loan portfolios (A)
|
$
|
61,251
|
$
|
48,213
|
|||
Agency
RMBS
|
18,350
|
16,981
|
|||||
Residential
mortgage loan portfolio
|
1,147
|
5,727
|
|||||
Manufactured
housing loan portfolio
|
27,717
|
13,164
|
|||||
Other
real estate related loans
|
20,878
|
3,809
|
|||||
Other
(B)
|
3,181
|
7,023
|
|||||
ABS
- manufactured housing portfolio (C)
|
(2,777
|
)
|
(426
|
)
|
|||
ICH
loan portfolio (C)
|
(3,963
|
)
|
(3,655
|
)
|
|||
Other
real estate related loans (C)
|
(3,029
|
)
|
(788
|
)
|
|||
$
|
122,755
|
$
|
90,048
|
(A)
Represents our CBO financings and the acquisition of the related
collateral in the respective years.
|
||||
(B)
Primarily due to increasing interest rates on floating rate assets
and
liabilities owned during the entire period.
|
||||
(C)
These loans received paydowns during the period which served
to offset the
amounts listed above.
|
33
(2)
|
These
changes are primarily the result of the effect of the termination
of a
lease (including the acceleration of lease termination income), the
inception of a new lease (including the associated free rent period),
foreign currency fluctuations and the acquisition of a $12.2 million
portfolio of properties through foreclosure in the first quarter
of
2006.
|
(3)
|
These
changes are primarily a result of the volume of sales of real estate
securities. Sales of real estate securities are based on a number
of
factors including credit, asset type and industry and can be expected
to
increase or decrease from time to time. Periodic fluctuations in
the
volume of sales of securities is dependent upon, among other things,
management's assessment of credit risk, asset concentration, portfolio
balance and other factors.
|
(4) |
This
change is primarily the result of investments financed with total
rate of
return swaps which we treat as non-hedge derivatives and mark to
market
through the income statement, which is offset by the $5.5 million
gain
recorded in the first half of 2006 on the derivative used to hedge
the
interim financing of our subprime mortgage loans, which did not qualify
as
a hedge for accounting purposes. This gain was offset by the loss
described in (6) below.
|
(5)
|
The
increase from 2004 to 2005 is primarily the result of the acquisition
of
manufactured housing and residential mortgage loan pools at a discount
for
credit quality and $2.9 million of impairment recorded with respect
to the
ICH loans in 2005. The increase from 2005 to 2006 is primarily due
to the
acquisition of manufactured housing loans at a discount for credit
quality
which is offset by less impairment recorded with respect to the ICH
loans.
|
(6)
|
This
change represents the unrealized loss on our pool of subprime mortgage
loans which was considered held for sale at March 31, 2006. This
loss was
related to market factors and was offset by the gain described in
(4)
above.
|
(7)
|
The
changes in general and administrative expense are primarily increases
as a
result of our increased size, offset by decreased professional fees
in
2005.
|
(8) |
The
increases in management fees are a result of our increased size resulting
from our equity issuances during these periods. The changes in incentive
compensation are primarily a result of our increased earnings, offset
by
FFO losses recorded with respect to the sale of properties during
2004 and
2005.
|
(9) |
The
increase in depreciation is primarily due to the implementation of
new
information systems and the acquisition of a $12.2 million portfolio
of
properties through foreclosure in the first quarter of
2006.
|
(10)
|
The
change from 2004 to 2005 is related to an interest in an LLC which
held a
portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores that was acquired
with the
intent to sell. All sales were completed in 2005. The change from
2005 to
2006 is the result of a small improvement in operating performance.
Note
that the amounts shown are net of income taxes on related taxable
subsidiaries.
|
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Liquidity
is a measurement of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including
ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain investments, and
other general business needs. Additionally, to maintain our status as a REIT
under the Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable
income. Our primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of net cash provided
by operating activities, borrowings under loans, and the issuance of debt and
equity securities. Additional sources of liquidity include investments that
are
readily saleable prior to their maturity. Our debt obligations are generally
secured directly by our investment assets.
We
expect
that our cash on hand and our cash flow provided by operations, as well as
our
credit facility, will satisfy our liquidity needs with respect to our current
investment portfolio over the next twelve months. However, we currently expect
to seek additional capital in order to grow our investment portfolio. We have
an
effective shelf registration statement with the SEC which allows us to issue
various types of securities, such as common stock, preferred stock, depository
shares, debt securities and warrants, from time to time, up to an aggregate
of
$750 million, of which approximately $185 million remained available as of
February 16, 2007.
We
expect
to meet our long term liquidity requirements, specifically the repayment of
our
debt obligations, through additional borrowings and the liquidation or
refinancing of our assets at maturity. We believe that the value of these assets
is, and will continue to be, sufficient to repay our debt at maturity under
either scenario. Our ability to meet our long term liquidity requirements
relating to capital required for the growth of our investment portfolio is
subject to obtaining additional equity and debt financing. Decisions by
investors and lenders to enter into such transactions with us will depend upon
a
number of factors, such as our historical and projected financial performance,
compliance with the terms of our current credit arrangements, industry and
market trends, the availability of capital and our investors’ and lenders’
policies and rates applicable thereto, and the relative attractiveness of
alternative investment or lending opportunities. We maintain access to a broad
array of capital resources in an effort to insulate our business from potential
fluctuations in the availability of capital.
34
Our
ability to execute our business strategy, particularly the growth of our
investment portfolio, depends to a significant degree on our ability to obtain
additional capital. Our core business strategy is dependent upon our ability
to
finance our real estate securities and other real estate related assets with
match funded debt at rates that provide a positive net spread. If spreads for
such liabilities widen or if demand for such liabilities ceases to exist, then
our ability to execute future financings will be severely restricted.
Furthermore, in an environment where spreads are tightening, if spreads tighten
on the assets we purchase to a greater degree than they tighten on the
liabilities we issue, our net spread will be reduced.
We
expect
to meet our short term liquidity requirements generally through our cash flow
provided by operations and our credit facility, as well as investment specific
borrowings. In addition, at December 31, 2006, we had an unrestricted cash
balance of $5.4 million and an undrawn balance of $106.2 million on our credit
facility. Our cash flow provided by operations differs from our net income
due
to several primary factors: (i) accretion of discount or premium on our real
estate securities and loans (including the accrual of interest and fees payable
at maturity), discount on our debt obligations, deferred financing costs and
interest rate cap premiums, and deferred hedge gains and losses, (ii) gains
and
losses from sales of assets financed with CBOs, (iii) depreciation and
straight-lined rental income of our operating real estate, (iv) the provision
for credit losses recorded in connection with our loan assets, and (v)
unrealized gains or losses on our non-hedge derivatives, particularly our total
rate of return swaps, as described below. Proceeds from the sale of assets
which
serve as collateral for our CBO financings, including gains thereon, are
required to be retained in the CBO structure until the related bonds are retired
and are therefore not available to fund current cash needs. As of December
31,
2006 we had $123.9 million of restricted cash held in CBO financing structures
pending its investment in real estate securities and loans.
Our
match
funded investments are financed long term and their credit status is
continuously monitored; therefore, these investments are expected to generate
a
generally stable current return, subject to limited interest rate fluctuations.
See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk — Interest Rate
Exposure'' below. Our remaining investments, generally financed with short
term
repurchase agreements and asset backed commercial paper, are also subject to
refinancing risk upon the maturity of the related debt. See “Debt Obligations”
below.
With
respect to our operating real estate, we expect to incur expenditures of
approximately $2.4 million relating to tenant improvements in connection with
the inception of leases and capital expenditures during the year ending December
31, 2007.
With
respect to one of our real estate related loans, we were committed to fund
up to
an additional $6.6 million at December 31, 2006, subject to certain conditions
to be met by the borrower.
As
described below, under “Interest Rate, Credit and Spread Risk,” we are subject
to margin calls in connection with our assets financed with repurchase
agreements or total rate of return swaps. Margin calls resulting from decreases
in value related to rising interest rates are substantially offset by our
ability to make margin calls on our interest rate derivatives. We do not expect
these potential margin calls to materially affect our financial condition or
results of operations.
35
Debt
Obligations
The
following table presents certain information regarding our debt obligations
and
related hedges as of December 31, 2006 (unaudited) (dollars in
thousands):
Debt
Obligation/
Collateral
|
|
Month
Issued
|
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Unhedged
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
|
|
Final
Stated Maturity
|
|
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
(1)
|
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
(Years)
|
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating
Rate
Debt
|
|
Collateral
Carrying
Value
|
|
Collateral
Weighted Average Maturity
(Years)
|
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating Rate Collateral
|
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
of
Current
Hedges
|
|||||||||||||
CBO
Bonds Payable
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Jul
1999
|
$
|
398,366
|
$
|
395,646
|
6.94%
(2)
|
Jul
2038
|
5.50%
|
|
1.99
|
$
|
303,366
|
$
|
544,469
|
4.06
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
255,352
|
||||||||||||||||||
Real
estato securities and loans
|
Apr
2002
|
444,000
|
441,660
|
6.42%
(2)
|
Apr
2037
|
6.78%
|
|
3.45
|
372,000
|
498,754
|
5.15
|
59,612
|
296,000
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2003
|
472,000
|
468,944
|
6.23%
(2)
|
Mar
2038
|
5.35%
|
|
5.30
|
427,800
|
515,335
|
4.56
|
128,600
|
285,060
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2003
|
460,000
|
456,250
|
6.08%
(2)
|
Sep
2038
|
5.88%
|
|
5.85
|
442,500
|
505,450
|
4.28
|
151,677
|
207,500
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2004
|
414,000
|
411,014
|
5.93%
(2)
|
Mar
2039
|
5.38%
|
|
5.61
|
382,750
|
446,749
|
4.76
|
174,192
|
177,300
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2004
|
454,500
|
451,137
|
5.91%
(2)
|
Sep
2039
|
5.49%
|
|
6.19
|
442,500
|
499,389
|
5.08
|
227,898
|
209,202
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2005
|
447,000
|
442,870
|
5.81%
(2)
|
Apr
2040
|
5.53%
|
|
7.16
|
439,600
|
491,398
|
5.82
|
195,186
|
242,990
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Dec
2005
|
442,800
|
438,894
|
5.85%
(2)
|
Dec
2050
|
5.57%
|
|
8.48
|
436,800
|
512,249
|
7.23
|
115,491
|
341,506
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
.estate securities and loans
|
Nov
2006
|
807,500
|
807,409
|
5.98%
(2)
|
Nov
2052
|
5.92%
|
|
7.06
|
799,900
|
930,293
|
4.69
|
672,217
|
153,655
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
4,340,166
|
4,313,824
|
|
|
5.73%
|
|
5.83
|
4,047,216
|
4,944,086
|
5.05
|
1,724,873
|
2,168,565
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other
Bonds Payable
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ICH
loans (3)
|
(3)
|
101,925
|
101,925
|
6.78%
(2)
|
Aug
2030
|
6.78%
|
|
1.04
|
1,986
|
121,834
|
1.10
|
1,986
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans
|
Jan
2006
|
213,172
|
211,738
|
LIBOR
+1.25%
|
Jan
2009
|
6.14%
|
|
1.46
|
213,172
|
237,133
|
6.26
|
4,977
|
204,617
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans
|
Aug
2006
|
364,794
|
362,181
|
LIBOR
+1.25%
|
Aug
2011
|
6.87%
|
|
3.07
|
364,794
|
399,125
|
5.87
|
73,973
|
370,466
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
679,891
|
675,844
|
|
6.63%
|
|
2.26
|
579,952
|
758,092
|
5.25
|
80,936
|
575,083
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgago loans (4)
|
Nov
2004
|
128,866
|
128,866
|
LIBOR+
0.16%
|
Nov
2007
|
5.68%
|
|
0.74
|
128,866
|
145,819
|
2.79
|
142,301
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements (4) (7)
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Rolling
|
181,059
|
181,059
|
LIBOR
+ 0.41%
|
Jan
2007
|
5.62%
|
|
0.08
|
181,059
|
207,374
|
4.60
|
101,380
|
92,457
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loans
|
Rolling
|
553,944
|
553,944
|
LIBOR
+ 0.69%
|
Jan
2007
|
6.02%
|
|
0.08
|
553,944
|
718,989
|
2.21
|
696,174
|
19,630
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
Rolling
|
25,343
|
25,343
|
LIBOR
+ 0.43%
|
Mar
2007
|
5.79%
|
|
0.23
|
25,343
|
27,020
|
2.81
|
26,347
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
760,346
|
760,346
|
|
5.92%
|
|
0.08
|
760,346
|
953,383
|
2.77
|
823,901
|
112,087
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
subject
to ABCP facility
(8)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
Dec
2006
|
1,143,749
|
1,143,749
|
5.41%
|
Jan
2007
|
4.97%
|
|
0.08
|
1,143,749
|
1,176,358
|
4.27
|
-
|
1,087,385
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit
facility (5)
|
May
2006
|
93,800
|
93,800
|
LIBOR
+1.75%
|
Nov
2007
|
7.08%
|
|
0.85
|
93,800
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Junior
subordinated notes payable
|
Mar
2006
|
100,100
|
100,100
|
7.80%
(6)
|
Apr
2036
|
7.72%
|
|
29.25
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal
debt obligations
|
|
7,246,918
|
7,216,529
|
5.76%
|
|
4.15
|
$
|
6,753,929
|
$
|
7,977,738
|
4.63
|
$
|
2,772,011
|
$
|
3,943,120
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Financing
on subprime mortgage loans subject to future repurchase
(8)
|
Apr
2006
|
299,176
|
288,202
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt obligations
|
$
|
7,546,094
|
$
|
7,504,731
|
(1) |
Including
the effect of applicable
hedges.
|
(2) |
Weighted
average, including floating and fixed rate
classes.
|
(3) |
See
"Business-Our Investing Activities-Real Estate Related Loans"
above.
|
(4) |
Subject
to potential mandatory prepayments based on collateral
value.
|
(5) |
A
maximum of $200 million can be
drawn.
|
(6) |
LIBOR
+ 2.25% after April 2016.
|
(7) |
The
counterparties on our repurchase agreements include:
Bear Stearns Mortgage
Capital Corporation ($270.6 million), Credit Suisse
($216.2 million),
Deutsche Bank AG ($181.7 million) and other ($91.8
million).
|
(8) |
See
"Liquidity and Capital Resources"
below.
|
36
Our
debt
obligations existing at December 31, 2006 (gross of $41.4 million of discounts)
have contractual maturities as follows (unaudited) (in thousands):
2007
|
$
|
2,126,761
|
||
2008
|
-
|
|||
2009
|
213,172
|
|||
2010
|
-
|
|||
2011
|
364,794
|
|||
Thereafter
|
4,841,367
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
7,546,094
|
Certain
of the debt obligations included above are obligations of our consolidated
subsidiaries which own the related collateral. In some cases, including the
CBO
and Other Bonds Payable, such collateral is not available to other creditors
of
ours.
Our
debt
obligations contain various customary loan covenants. Such covenants do not,
in
management’s opinion, materially restrict our investment strategy or ability to
raise capital. We are in compliance with all of our loan covenants as of
December 31, 2006.
Two
classes of separately issued CBO bonds, with an aggregate $718.0 million face
amount, were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related agreements
whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis. $395.0 million
of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect to the timely
payment of interest and principal thereon.
Two
classes of CBO bonds, with an aggregate $50.0 million of face amount, were
upgraded to a rating of A+ by Fitch in 2006.
In
October 2003, pursuant to FIN No. 46R, we consolidated an entity which holds
a
portfolio of commercial mortgage loans which has been securitized. This
investment, which we refer to as ICH, was previously treated as a
non-consolidated residual interest in such securitization. The primary effect
of
the consolidation is the requirement that we reflect the gross loan assets
and
gross bonds payable of this entity in our financial statements.
In
January 2006, we closed on a term financing of our manufactured housing loan
portfolio which provided for an initial financing amount of approximately $237.1
million. The lender received an upfront structuring fee equal to 0.75% on the
initial financing amount and is entitled to expense reimbursement of up to
0.125% on the initial financing amount.
In
March
2006, a consolidated subsidiary of ours acquired a portfolio of approximately
11,300 subprime mortgage loans (the “Subprime Portfolio”) for $1.50 billion.
This acquisition was initially funded with an approximately $1.47 billion
repurchase agreement.
In
April
2006, Newcastle Mortgage Securities Trust 2006-1 (the “Securitization Trust”)
closed on a securitization of the Subprime Portfolio. We do not consolidate
the
Securitization Trust. We sold the Subprime Portfolio to the Securitization
Trust. The Securitization Trust issued $1.45 billion of debt (the “Notes”). The
Notes have a stated maturity of March 25, 2036. We,
as
holder of the equity of the Securitization Trust, have the option to redeem
the
Notes once the aggregate principal balance of the Subprime Portfolio is equal
to
or less than 20% of such balance at the date of the transfer. The
proceeds from the securitization were used to repay the repurchase agreement
described above.
The
transaction between us and the Securitization Trust qualified as a sale for
accounting purposes. However, 20% of the loans which are subject to future
repurchase by us were not treated as being sold. Following the securitization,
we held the following interests in the Subprime Portfolio, all valued at the
date of securitization: (i) the $62.4 million equity of the Securitization
Trust, (ii) the $33.7 million of retained bonds ($37.6 million face amount),
which have been financed with a $28.0 million repurchase agreement, and (iii)
subprime mortgage loans subject to future repurchase of $286.3 million and
related financing in the amount of 100% of such loans.
In
March
2006, we completed the placement of $100.0 million of trust preferred securities
through our wholly owned subsidiary, Newcastle Trust I (the “Preferred Trust”).
We own all of the common stock of the Preferred Trust. The Preferred Trust
used
the proceeds to purchase $100.1 million of our junior subordinated notes. These
notes represent all of the Preferred Trust’s assets. The terms of the junior
subordinated notes are substantially the same as the terms of the trust
preferred securities. The trust preferred securities may be redeemed at par
beginning in April 2011. We do not consolidate the Preferred Trust; as a result,
we have reflected the obligation to the Preferred Trust under the caption Junior
Subordinated Notes Payable.
37
In
May
2006, we entered into a new $200.0 million revolving credit facility, secured
by
substantially all of our unencumbered assets and our equity interests in our
subsidiaries. We paid an upfront fee of 0.25% of the total commitment. We will
not incur any unused fees. We simultaneously terminated our prior credit
facility and recorded an expense of $0.7 million related to deferred financing
costs.
In
August
2006, we completed our acquisition of a manufactured housing loan portfolio
and
closed on a five year term financing for an initial financing amount of
approximately $391.3 million. The lender received an upfront structuring fee
equal to 0.5% on the initial financing amount and is entitled to expense
reimbursement of up to 0.125% on the initial financing amount.
In
November 2006, we closed our ninth CBO financing to term finance a $950 million
portfolio of real estate securities and loans. Approximately 69%, or $560.5
million, of the debt issued, all of which is investment grade, is rated
AAA.
In
December 2006, we closed a $2 billion asset backed commercial paper (ABCP)
facility through our wholly owned subsidiary, Windsor Funding Trust. This
facility provides us with the ability to finance our agency residential mortgage
backed securities (RMBS) and AAA-rated MBS by issuing secured liquidity notes
that are rated A-1+,
P-1
and F-1+, by Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch respectively, and have
maturities of up to 250 days. The facility also permits the issuance of
subordinated notes rated at least BBB/Baa by Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s or
Fitch. As of December 31, 2006, Windsor Funding Trust had approximately $1.1
billion of secured liquidity notes and $8.3 million of subordinated notes issued
and outstanding. The weighted average maturities of the secured liquidity notes
and the subordinated notes were 0.12 years and 5 years, respectively. We own
all
of the trust certificates of the Windsor Funding Trust. Windsor Funding Trust
used the proceeds of the issuance to enter into a repurchase agreement with
Newcastle to purchase interests in our agency RMBS. The repurchase agreement
represents Windsor Funding Trust’s only asset. The interest rate on the
repurchase agreement is effectively the weighted average interest rate on the
secured liquidity notes and subordinated notes. Under the provisions of FIN
46R,
we determined that the noteholders were the primary beneficiaries of the Windsor
Funding Trust. As a result, we did not consolidate the Windsor Funding Trust
and
have reflected our obligation pursuant to the asset backed commercial paper
facility under the caption Repurchase Agreements subject to ABCP
Facility.
In
January 2007, we entered into an $700 million non-recourse warehouse agreement
with a major investment bank to finance a portfolio of real estate related
loans
and securities prior to them being financed with a CBO. The financing bears
interest at LIBOR + 0.50%.
38
Other
We
have
entered into total rate of return swaps with major investment banks to finance
certain loans whereby we receive the sum of all interest, fees and any positive
change in value amounts (the total return cash flows) from a reference asset
with a specified notional amount, and pay interest on such notional plus any
negative change in value amounts from such asset. These agreements are recorded
in Derivative Assets and treated as non-hedge derivatives for accounting
purposes and are therefore marked to market through income. Net interest
received is recorded to Interest Income and the mark to market is recorded
to
Other Income. If we owned the reference assets directly, they would not be
marked to market. Under the agreements, we are required to post an initial
margin deposit to an interest bearing account and additional margin may be
payable in the event of a decline in value of the reference asset. Any margin
on
deposit, less any negative change in value amounts, will be returned to us
upon
termination of the contract.
As
of
December 31, 2006 we held an aggregate of $299.7 million notional amount of
total rate of return swaps on 8 reference assets on which we had deposited
$46.8
million of margin. These total rate of return swaps had an aggregate fair value
of approximately $1.3 million, a weighted average receive interest rate of
LIBOR
+ 2.59%, a weighted average pay interest rate of LIBOR + 0.63%, and a weighted
average swap maturity of 1.5 years.
Stockholders’
Equity
Common
Stock
The
following table presents information on shares of our common stock issued since
our formation.
Year
|
|
Shares
Issued
|
|
Range
of Issue
Prices
per
Share (1)
|
|
Net
Proceeds (millions)
|
|
Options
Granted
to
Manager
|
|||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
|
$13.00
|
$
|
80.0
|
700,000
|
|||||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
|
$20.35-$22.85
|
$
|
163.4
|
788,227
|
|||||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
|
$26.30-$31.40
|
$
|
224.3
|
837,500
|
|||||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
|
$29.60
|
$
|
108.2
|
330,000
|
|||||||
2006
|
1,800,408
|
|
$29.42
|
$
|
51.2
|
170,000
|
|||||||
December
31, 2006
|
45,713,817
|
|
|||||||||||
January
2007
|
2,420,000
|
|
$31.30
|
$
|
75.0
|
242,000
|
(1) |
Excludes
prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and of
shares
issued to our independent
directors.
|
Through
December 31, 2006, our manager had assigned, for no value, options to purchase
approximately 0.9 million shares of our common stock to certain of our manager’s
employees, of which approximately 0.3 million had been exercised. In addition,
our manager had exercised 0.7 million of its options.
As
of
December 31, 2006, our outstanding options had a weighted average strike price
of $25.89 and were summarized as follows:
Held
by our manager
|
1,278,014
|
|||
Issued
to our manager and subsequently assigned to
certain of our manager's employees
|
591,793
|
|||
Held
by directors and former directors
|
14,000
|
|||
Total
|
1,883,807
|
Preferred
Stock
In
March
2003, we issued 2.5 million shares ($62.5 million face amount) of 9.75% Series
B
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred”). In October
2005, we issued 1.6 million shares ($40.0 million face amount) of 8.05% Series
C
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred”). The Series B
Preferred and Series C Preferred have a $25 liquidation preference, no maturity
date and no mandatory redemption. We have the option to redeem the Series B
Preferred beginning in March 2008 and the Series C Preferred beginning in
October 2010. If the Series C Preferred ceases to be listed on the NYSE or
the
AMEX, or quoted on the NASDAQ, and we are not subject to the reporting
requirements of the Exchange Act, we have the option to redeem the Series C
Preferred at their face amount and, during such time any shares of Series C
Preferred are outstanding, the dividend will increase to 9.05% per
annum.
39
Other
Comprehensive Income
During
the year ended December 31, 2006, our accumulated other comprehensive income
changed due to the
following
factors (in thousands):
Accumulated
other comprehensive income, December 31, 2005
|
$
|
45,564
|
||
Net
unrealized gain on securities
|
26,242
|
|||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
(282
|
)
|
||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(26
|
)
|
||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
7,773
|
|||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on derivatives designated as cash
flow
hedges into earnings
|
(3,287
|
)
|
||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income, December 31, 2006
|
$
|
75,984
|
Our
book
equity changes as our real estate securities portfolio and derivatives are
marked to market each quarter, among other factors. The primary causes of mark
to market changes are changes in interest rates and credit spreads. During
the
year, the combination of tightening credit spreads and increasing interest
rates
has resulted in a net increase in unrealized gains on our real estate securities
and derivatives. We believe that our ongoing investment activities benefit
in
general from an environment of widening credit spreads and increasing interest
rates. While such an environment would likely result in a decrease in the fair
value of our existing securities portfolio and, therefore, reduce our book
equity and ability to realize gains on such existing securities, it would not
directly affect our earnings or our cash flow or our ability to pay
dividends.
Common
Dividends Paid
Declared
for the Period Ended
|
|
Paid
|
|
Amount
Per Share
|
|||
March
31, 2004
|
April
2004
|
$
|
0.600
|
||||
June
30, 2004
|
July
2004
|
$
|
0.600
|
||||
September
30, 2004
|
October
2004
|
$
|
0.600
|
||||
December
31, 2004
|
January
2005
|
$
|
0.625
|
||||
March
31, 2005
|
April
2005
|
$
|
0.625
|
||||
June
30, 2005
|
July
2005
|
$
|
0.625
|
||||
September
30, 2005
|
October
2005
|
$
|
0.625
|
||||
December
31, 2005
|
January
2006
|
$
|
0.625
|
||||
March
31, 2006
|
April
2006
|
$
|
0.625
|
||||
June
30, 2006
|
July
2006
|
$
|
0.650
|
||||
September
30, 2006
|
October
2006
|
$
|
0.650
|
||||
December
31, 2006
|
January
2007
|
$
|
0.690
|
Cash
Flow
Net
cash
flow provided by operating activities decreased from $98.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 2005 to $16.3 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. It increased from $90.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004
to
$98.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. These changes primarily
resulted from the acquisition and settlement of our investments as described
above.
Investing
activities used ($1,963.1 million), ($1,334.7 million) and ($1,332.2 million)
during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Investing
activities consisted primarily of the investments made in real estate securities
and loans, net of proceeds from the sale or settlement of
investments.
Financing
activities provided $1,930.8 million, $1,219.3 million and $1,219.3 million
during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The
equity issuances, borrowings and debt issuances described above served as the
primary sources of cash flow from financing activities. Offsetting uses included
the payment of related deferred financing costs, the purchase of hedging
instruments, the payment of dividends, and the repayment of debt as described
above.
See
the
consolidated statements of cash flows in our consolidated financial statements
included in “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a reconciliation
of our cash position for the periods described herein.
40
Interest
Rate, Credit and Spread Risk
We
are
subject to interest rate, credit and spread risk with respect to our
investments.
Our
primary interest rate exposures relate to our real estate securities, loans,
floating rate debt obligations, interest rate swaps, and interest rate caps.
Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest
income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on
interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with
our
interest-bearing liabilities and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates
also can affect, among other things, our ability to acquire real estate
securities and loans at attractive prices, the value of our real estate
securities, loans and derivatives, and our ability to realize gains from the
sale of such assets.
Our
general financing strategy focuses on the use of match funded structures. This
means that we seek to match the maturities of our debt obligations with the
maturities of our investments to minimize the risk that we have to refinance
our
liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets, and to reduce the impact
of
changing interest rates on our earnings. In addition, we generally match fund
interest rates on our investments with like-kind debt (i.e., fixed rate assets
are financed with fixed rate debt and floating rate assets are financed with
floating rate debt) when appropriate, directly or through the use of interest
rate swaps, caps or other financial instruments, or through a combination of
these strategies, which allows us to reduce the impact of changing interest
rates on our earnings. See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk - Interest Rate Exposure” below.
Real
Estate Securities
Interest
rate changes may also impact our net book value as our real estate securities
and related hedge derivatives are marked to market each quarter. Our loan
investments and debt obligations are not marked to market. Generally, as
interest rates increase, the value of our fixed rate securities decreases,
and
as interest rates decrease, the value of such securities will increase. In
general, we would expect that over time, decreases in the value of our real
estate securities portfolio attributable to interest rate changes will be offset
to some degree by increases in the value of our swaps, and vice versa. However,
the relationship between spreads on securities and spreads on swaps may vary
from time to time, resulting in a net aggregate book value increase or decline.
Our real estate securities portfolio is largely financed to maturity through
long term CBO financings that are not redeemable as a result of book value
changes. Accordingly, unless there is a material impairment in value that would
result in a payment not being received on a security, changes in the book value
of our securities portfolio will not directly affect our recurring earnings
or
our ability to pay dividends.
The
commercial mortgage and
asset
backed securities we invest in are generally junior in right of payment of
interest and principal to one or more senior classes, but benefit from the
support of one or more subordinate classes of securities or other form of credit
support within a securitization transaction. The senior unsecured REIT debt
securities we invest in reflect comparable credit risk. Credit risk refers
to
each individual borrower’s ability to make required interest and principal
payments on the scheduled due dates. We believe, based on our due diligence
process, that these securities offer attractive risk-adjusted returns with
long
term principal protection under a variety of default and loss scenarios. While
the expected yield on these securities is sensitive to the performance of the
underlying assets, the more subordinated securities or other features of the
securitization transaction, in the case of commercial mortgage and asset backed
securities, and the issuer’s underlying equity and subordinated debt, in the
case of senior unsecured REIT debt securities, are designed to bear the first
risk of default and loss. We further minimize credit risk by actively monitoring
our real estate securities and loan portfolio and the underlying credit quality
of our holdings and, where appropriate, repositioning our investments to upgrade
the credit quality on our investments. While we have not experienced any
significant credit losses, in the event of a significant rising interest rate
environment and/or economic downturn, loan and collateral defaults may increase
and result in credit losses that would adversely affect our liquidity and
operating results.
Our
real
estate securities are also subject to spread risk. Our fixed rate securities
are
valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate
U.S.
Treasuries of like maturity. In other words, their value is dependent on the
yield demanded on such securities by the market based on their credit relative
to U.S. Treasuries. Excessive
supply
of
such securities combined with reduced demand will generally cause the market
to
require a higher yield on such securities, resulting in the use of a higher
(or
“wider”) spread over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury
security yield) to value such securities. Under such conditions, the value
of
our real estate securities portfolio would tend to decline. Conversely, if
the
spread used to value such securities were to decrease (or “tighten”), the value
of our real estate securities portfolio would tend to increase. Our floating
rate securities are valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are
effected similarly by changes in LIBOR spreads. Such changes in the market
value
of our real estate securities portfolio may effect our net equity, net income
or
cash flow directly through their impact on the amount of unrealized gains or
losses on available-for-sale securities, and therefore on our ability to realize
gains on such securities, or indirectly through their impact on our ability
to
borrow and access capital. If the value of our securities subject to repurchase
agreements were to decline, it could affect our ability to refinance such
securities upon the maturity of the related repurchase agreements, adversely
impacting our rate of return on such securities. See “Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Credit Spread Exposure”
below.
Furthermore,
shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve, which represents the market’s
expectations of future interest rates, would also effect the yield required
on
our real estate securities and therefore their value. This would have similar
effects on our real estate securities portfolio and our financial position
and
operations to a change in spreads.
41
Loans
Similar
to our real estate securities portfolio, we are subject to credit and spread
risk with respect to our real estate related commercial mortgage and residential
mortgage loan portfolios. However, unlike our real estate securities portfolio,
our loans generally do not benefit from the support of junior classes of
securities, but rather bear the first risk of default and loss. We believe
that
this credit risk is mitigated through our due diligence process and continual
reviews of the borrower’s payment history, delinquency status, and the
relationship of the loan balance to the underlying property value.
Our
loan
portfolios are also subject to spread risk. Our floating rate loans are valued
based on a market credit spread to LIBOR. The value of these loans is dependent
upon the yield demanded by the market based on their credit relative to LIBOR.
The value of our floating rate loans would tend to decline should the market
require a higher yield on such loans, resulting in the use of a higher spread
over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable LIBOR yield). Our fixed rate
loans are valued based on a market credit spread over U.S. Treasuries and are
effected similarly by changes in U.S. Treasury spreads. If the value of our
loans subject to repurchase agreements or commercial paper were to decline,
it
could affect our ability to refinance such loans upon the maturity of the
related repurchase agreements or commercial paper.
Any
credit or spread losses incurred with respect to our loan portfolios would
affect us in the same way as similar losses on our real estate securities
portfolio as described above, except that our loan portfolios are not marked
to
market. Accordingly, unless there is a material impairment in value that would
result in a payment not being received on a loan, changes in the value of our
loan portfolio will not directly affect our recurring earnings or our ability
to
pay dividends.
Statistics
December
31, 2006
|
|
December
31, 2005
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
Face
Amount
|
|
%
Total
|
|
Face
Amount
|
|
%
Total
|
|||||
Real
Estate Securities and Related Loans
|
$
|
6,196,179
|
71.7
|
%
|
$
|
4,802,172
|
76.1
|
%
|
|||||
Agency
RMBS
|
1,177,779
|
13.6
|
%
|
697,530
|
11.0
|
%
|
|||||||
Total
Real Estate Securities and Related Loans
|
7,373,958
|
85.3
|
%
|
5,499,702
|
87.1
|
%
|
|||||||
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
812,561
|
9.4
|
%
|
610,970
|
9.7
|
%
|
|||||||
Other
|
|||||||||||||
Subprime
Loans Subject to Future Repurchase
|
299,176
|
3.5
|
%
|
-
|
0.0
|
%
|
|||||||
Investment
in Joint Venture
|
38,469
|
0.4
|
%
|
38,164
|
0.6
|
%
|
|||||||
ICH
Loans
|
123,390
|
1.4
|
%
|
165,514
|
2.6
|
%
|
|||||||
Total
Portfolio
|
$
|
8,647,554
|
100.0
|
%
|
$
|
6,314,350
|
100.0
|
%
|
The
table
excludes operating real estate of $33.8 million at December 31, 2006 and $20.2
million at December 31, 2005.
Asset
Quality and Diversification at December 31, 2006
· |
Total
real estate securities and related loans of $7.4 billion face amount,
representing 85.3% of the total
portfolio
|
Asset
Quality
o |
$6.0
billion or 81.5% of this portfolio is rated by third parties, or
had an
implied AAA rating, with a weighted average rating of
BBB+.
|
o |
$1.4
billion or 18.5% of this portfolio is not rated by third parties
but had a
weighted average loan to value ratio of
68.6%.
|
o |
63%
of this portfolio has an investment grade rating (BBB- or
higher).
|
o |
The
weighted average credit spread (i.e., the yield premium on our investments
over the comparable US Treasury or LIBOR) for the core real estate
securities and related loans of $6.2 billion (excluding agency RMBS)
was
2.56%.
|
Diversity
o |
Our
real estate securities and loans are diversified by asset type, industry,
location and issuer.
|
o |
This
portfolio had 635 investments. The largest investment was $179.5
million
and the average investment size was $11.6
million.
|
o |
Our
real estate securities are supported by pools of underlying loans.
For
instance, our CMBS investments had over 21,000 underlying
loans.
|
· |
Residential
mortgage loans of $0.8 billion face amount, representing 9.4% of
the total
portfolio
|
Asset
Quality
o |
These
residential loans are to high quality borrowers with an average Fair
Isaac
Corp. credit score (“FICO”) of 697.
|
o |
Approximately
$142.3 million face amount were held in securitized form, of which
95.7%
was rated investment grade.
|
42
Diversity
o |
Our
residential and manufactured housing loans were well diversified
with 491
and 18,343 loans, respectively.
|
Margin
Certain
of our investments are financed through repurchase agreements or total rate
of
return swaps which are subject to margin calls based on the value of such
investments. Margin calls resulting from decreases in value related to rising
interest rates are substantially offset by our ability to make margin calls
on
our interest rate derivatives. We maintain adequate cash reserves or
availability on our credit facility to meet any margin calls resulting from
decreases in value related to a reasonably possible (in the opinion of
management) widening of credit spreads. Funding a margin call on our credit
facility would have a dilutive effect on our earnings, however we would not
expect this to be material.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
As
of
December 31, 2006, we had one material off-balance sheet
arrangement.
· |
In
April 2006, we securitized our portfolio of subprime mortgage loans.
80%
of this transaction was treated as an off-balance sheet financing
as
described in “Liquidity and Capital
Resources.”
|
We
also
had the following arrangements which do not meet the definition of off-balance
sheet arrangements, but do have some of the characteristics of off-balance
sheet
arrangements.
· |
We
are party to total rate of return swaps which are treated as non-hedge
derivatives. For further information on these investments, see “Liquidity
and Capital Resources.”
|
· |
We
have made investments in four unconsolidated subsidiaries. See Note
3 to
our consolidated financial statements in “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
|
In
each
case, our exposure to loss is limited to the carrying (fair) value of our
investment, except for the total rate of return swaps where our exposure to
loss
is limited to their fair value plus their notional amount
Contractual
Obligations
As
of
December 31, 2006, we had the following material contractual obligations
(payments in thousands):
Contract
|
Terms
|
|
CBO
bonds payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Other
bonds payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Notes
payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Repurchase
agreements
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Repurchase
agreements subject to ABCP facility
|
We
entered into a repurchase agreement with our wholly owned subsidiary
Windsor Funding Trust as described under “Liquidity and Capital
Resources”
|
|
Credit
facility
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Junior
subordinated notes payable
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
Non-hedge
derivative obligations
|
Described
under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk”
|
|
CBO
wrap agreement
|
Two
classes of our CBO bonds, with an aggregate $718.0 million face amount,
were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related agreements
whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis. $395.0
million of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect
to
the timely payment of interest and principal thereon, pursuant to
a
financial guaranty insurance policy (“wrap”). We pay annual fees of 0.12%
of the outstanding face amount of the bonds under this
agreement.
|
|
43
CBO
backstop agreements
|
In
connection with the remarketing procedures described above, backstop
agreements have been created whereby a third party financial institution
is required to purchase
the $718.0 million face amount of bonds at the end of any remarketing
period if such bonds could not be resold in the market by the remarketing
agent. We pay annual fees between 0.15% and 0.20% of the outstanding
face
amount of such bonds under these agreements.
|
|
CBO
remarketing agreements
|
In
connection with the remarketing procedures described above, the
remarketing agent is paid an annual fee of 0.05% of the outstanding
face
amount of the bonds under the remarketing agreements.
|
|
Subprime
loan securitization
|
We
entered into the securitization of our subprime mortgage loan portfolio
as
described under “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
|
|
Loan
servicing agreements
|
We
are a party to servicing agreements with respect to our residential
mortgage loans, including manufactured housing loans and subprime
mortgage
loans, and our ICH loans. We pay annual fees generally equal to 0.38%
of
the outstanding face amount of the residential mortgage loans, 1.00%
and
0.625% of the outstanding face amount of the two portfolios of
manufactured housing loans, respectively, and approximately 0.11%
of the
outstanding face amount of the ICH loans under these agreements.
Our
subprime loans are held off balance sheet.
|
|
Trustee
agreements
|
We
have entered into trustee agreements in connection with our securitized
investments, primarily our CBOs. We pay annual fees of between 0.015%
and
0.020% of the outstanding face amount of the CBO bonds under these
agreements.
|
|
Management
agreement
|
Our
manager is paid an annual management fee of 1.5% of our gross equity,
as
defined, an expense reimbursement, and incentive compensation equal
to 25%
of our FFO above a certain threshold. For more information on this
agreement, as well as historical amounts earned, see Note 10 to our
audited consolidated financial statements under “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
|
Actual
Payments
|
Fixed
and Determinable Payments Due by Period (2)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Contract
|
2006
(1)
|
2007
|
2008-2009
|
2010-2011
|
Thereafter
|
Total
|
|||||||||||||
CBO
bonds payable
|
$
|
233,913
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
4,340,166
|
$
|
4,340,166
|
|||||||
Other
bonds payable
|
335,625
|
-
|
213,172
|
364,794
|
101,925
|
679,891
|
|||||||||||||
Notes
payable
|
141,584
|
128,866
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
128,866
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
2,872,327
|
760,346
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
760,346
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements subject to ABCP facility
|
181,605
|
1,143,749
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,143,749
|
|||||||||||||
Financing
of subprime mortgage loans subject to
future repurchase
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
299,176
|
299,176
|
|||||||||||||
Credit
facility
|
501,202
|
93,800
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
93,800
|
|||||||||||||
Junior
subordinated notes payable
|
4,444
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
100,100
|
100,100
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges
|
3,197
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Non-hedge
derivative obligations
|
34
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
CBO
wrap agreement
|
481
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
CBO
backstop agreements
|
1,292
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
CBO
remarketing agreements
|
364
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Subprime
loan securitization
|
1,462,427
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Loan
servicing agreements
|
4,755
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Trustee
agreements
|
826
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Management
agreement
|
21,581
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
||||||||
Total
|
$
|
5,765,657
|
$
|
2,126,761
|
$
|
213,172
|
$
|
364,794
|
$
|
4,841,367
|
$
|
7,546,094
|
(1) |
Includes
all payments made under the respective agreements. The management
agreement payments shown include $14.0
million of management fees and expense reimbursements and $7.6
million of
incentive compensation.
|
(2) |
Represents
debt principal due based on contractual
maturities.
|
(3) |
These
contracts do not have fixed and determinable
payments.
|
44
Inflation
We
believe that our risk of increases in market interest rates on our floating
rate
debt as a result of inflation is largely offset by our use of match funding
and
hedging instruments as described above. See "Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosure About Market Risk — Interest Rate Exposure'' below.
Funds
from Operations
We
believe Funds from Operations (FFO) is one appropriate measure of the operating
performance of real estate companies. We also believe that FFO is an appropriate
supplemental disclosure of operating performance for a REIT due to its
widespread acceptance and use within the REIT and analyst communities.
Furthermore, FFO is used to compute our incentive compensation to our manager.
FFO, for our purposes, represents net income available for common stockholders
(computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding extraordinary items, plus
depreciation of our operating real estate, and after adjustments for
unconsolidated subsidiaries, if any. We consider gains and losses on resolution
of our investments to be a normal part of our recurring operations and,
therefore, do not exclude such gains and losses when arriving at FFO.
Adjustments for unconsolidated subsidiaries, if any, are calculated to reflect
FFO on the same basis. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating
activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered an
alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or as
an
alternative to cash flow as a measure of liquidity and is not necessarily
indicative of cash available to fund cash needs.
Our
calculation of FFO may be different from the calculation used by other companies
and, therefore, comparability may be limited. Funds from Operations (FFO) is
calculated as follows (unaudited) (in thousands):
For
the Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
118,609
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
||||
Operating
real estate depreciation
|
812
|
702
|
2,199
|
|||||||
Accumulated
depreciation on operating real estate sold
|
-
|
(6,942
|
)
|
(8,319
|
)
|
|||||
Funds
from operations (FFO)
|
$
|
119,421
|
$
|
104,031
|
$
|
86,201
|
Funds
from operations was derived from our segments as follows (unaudited) (in
thousands):
Book
Equity December 31,
|
Average
Invested Common Equity for the Year Ended December 31,
|
FFO
for the Year Ended December 31,
|
Return
on Invested Common Equity (3)
for
the Year Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||||||||
2006
(1)
|
|
2006
(2)
|
|
2006
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
||||||||
Real
estate securities and
|
||||||||||||||||||
real
estate related loans
|
$
|
998,473
|
$
|
903,165
|
$
|
146,048
|
16.2
|
%
|
17.9
|
%
|
20.5
|
%
|
||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
125,647
|
109,966
|
21,596
|
19.6
|
%
|
9.1
|
%
|
16.7
|
%
|
|||||||||
Operating
real estate
|
49,085
|
46,331
|
3,831
|
8.3
|
%
|
3.5
|
%
|
9.2
|
%
|
|||||||||
Unallocated
(1)
|
(345,521
|
)
|
(260,045
|
)
|
(52,054
|
)
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
Total
(2)
|
827,684
|
$
|
799,417
|
$
|
119,421
|
14.9
|
%
|
13.4
|
%
|
14.5
|
%
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock
|
102,500
|
|||||||||||||||||
Accumulated
depreciation
|
(4,188
|
)
|
||||||||||||||||
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
|
75,984
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
book equity
|
$
|
1,001,980
|
(1)
|
Unallocated
FFO represents ($11.7 million) of interest expense, ($9.3 million)
of
preferred dividends and ($31.1 million) of corporate general and
administrative expense, management fees and incentive
compensation.
|
(2)
|
Invested
common equity is equal to book equity excluding preferred stock,
accumulated depreciation and accumulated other comprehensive
income.
|
(3)
|
FFO
divided by average invested common
equity.
|
Related
Party Transactions
In
November 2003, we and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of
our
manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 38% interest in
a
limited liability company that acquired a pool of franchise loans from a third
party financial institution. Our investment in this entity, reflected as an
investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on our consolidated balance sheet,
was approximately $10.2 million at December 31, 2006. The remaining
approximately 24% interest in the limited liability company is owned by the
above referenced third party financial institution.
45
As
of
December 31, 2006, we owned an aggregate of approximately $108.0 million of
securities of Global Signal Trust II and III, special purpose vehicles
established by Global Signal Inc., which were purchased in private placements
from underwriters in January 2004, April 2005 and February 2006. Our CEO and
chairman of our board of directors was chairman of the board of Global Signal,
Inc. and private equity funds managed by an affiliate of our manager own a
significant portion of Global Signal Inc.’s common stock. In January 2007,
Global Signal was acquired by Crown Castle International Corp. Newcastle’s
affiliate no longer had significant influence over Global Signal subsequent
to
the acquisition.
In
March
2004, we and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of our manager
co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 49% interest in two limited
liability companies that have acquired, in a sale-leaseback transaction, a
portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores from a public company. The
properties are subject to a number of master leases, the initial term of which
in each case is a minimum of 15 years. This investment was financed with
nonrecourse debt at the limited liability company level and our investment
in
this entity, reflected as an investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on
our
consolidated balance sheet, was approximately $12.5 million at December 31,
2006. In March 2005, the property management agreement related to these
properties was transferred to an affiliate of our manager from a third party
servicer; our allocable portion of the related fees, approximately $20,000
per
year for three years, was not changed.
In
January 2005, we entered into a servicing agreement with a portfolio company
of
a private equity fund advised by an affiliate of our manager for them to service
a portfolio of manufactured housing loans, which was acquired at the same time.
As compensation under the servicing agreement, the portfolio company will
receive, on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee equal to 1.00% per annum on
the
unpaid principal balance of the loans being serviced. In January 2006, we closed
on a new term financing of this portfolio. In connection with this term
financing, we renewed our servicing agreement at the same terms. The outstanding
unpaid principal balance of this portfolio was approximately $245.7 million
at
December 31, 2006.
In
April
2006, we securitized our portfolio of subprime residential mortgage loans and,
through the Securitization Trust, entered into a servicing agreement with a
subprime home equity mortgage lender (“Subprime Servicer”) to service this
portfolio. In July 2006, private equity funds managed by an affiliate of our
manager completed the acquisition of the Subprime Servicer. As compensation
under the servicing agreement, the Subprime Servicer will receive, on a monthly
basis, a net servicing fee equal to 0.5% per annum on the unpaid principal
balance of the portfolio. The outstanding unpaid principal balance of this
portfolio was approximately $1.2 billion at December 31, 2006.
In
August
2006, we acquired a portfolio of manufactured housing loans. The loans are
being
serviced by a portfolio company of a private equity fund advised by an affiliate
of our manager. As compensation under the servicing agreement, the servicer
will
receive, on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee equal to 0.625% per annum
on
the unpaid principal balance of the portfolio plus an incentive fee if the
performance of the loans meets certain thresholds. The outstanding unpaid
principal balance of this portfolio was approximately $398.3 million at December
31, 2006.
In
September 2006, we were co-lenders with two private investment funds managed
by
an affiliate of our manager in a new real estate related loan. The loan is
secured by a first mortgage interest on a parcel of land in Arizona. We own
a
20% interest in the loan and the private investment funds own an 80% interest
in
the loan. Major decisions require the unanimous approval of the holders of
interests in the loan, while other decisions require the approval of a majority
of holders of interests in the loan. Newcastle and our affiliated investment
funds are each entitled to transfer all or any portion of their respective
interests in the loan to third parties. In October 2006, we and the private
investment funds sold, on a pro-rata basis, a $125.0 million senior
participation interest in the loan to an unaffiliated third party, resulting
in
us owning a 20% interest in the junior participation interest in the loan.
Our
investment in this loan was approximately $26.1 million at December 31,
2006.
As
of
December 31, 2006, we held total investments of $192.2 million face amount
of
real estate securities and real estate related loans issued by affiliates of
our
manager and earned approximately $18.5 million, $13.7 million and $13.1 million
of interest on investments issued by affiliates for the years ended December
31,
2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In
each
instance described above, affiliates of our manager have an investment in the
applicable affiliated fund and receive from the fund, in addition to management
fees, incentive compensation if the fund’s aggregate investment returns exceed
certain thresholds.
46
Item
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk.
Market
risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, credit
spreads, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices.
The primary market risks that we are exposed to are interest rate risk and
credit spread risk. These risks are highly sensitive to many factors, including
governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic
and
political considerations and other factors beyond our control. All of our market
risk sensitive assets, liabilities and related derivative positions are for
non-trading purposes only. For a further understanding of how market risk may
effect our financial position or operating results, please refer to the
“Application of Critical Accounting Policies” section of “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Interest
Rate Exposure
Our
primary interest rate exposures relate to our real estate securities, loans,
floating rate debt obligations, interest rate swaps, and interest rate caps.
Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest
income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on
interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with
our
interest-bearing liabilities and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates
also can affect, among other things, our ability to acquire real estate
securities and loans at attractive prices, the value of our real estate
securities, loans and derivatives, and our ability to realize gains from the
sale of such assets. While our strategy is to utilize interest rate swaps,
caps
and match funded financings in order to limit the effects of changes in interest
rates on our operations, there can be no assurance that our profitability will
not be adversely affected during any period as a result of changing interest
rates. In the event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or
economic downturn, loan and collateral defaults may increase and result in
credit losses that would adversely affect our liquidity and operating results.
As of December 31, 2006, a 100 basis point increase in short term interest
rates
would increase our earnings by approximately $0.2 million per annum.
A
period
of rising
interest rates negatively impacts our return on
certain
investments, particularly our floating rate residential mortgage loans. Although
these loans are financed with floating rate debt, the interest rate on the
debt
resets prior to, and in some cases more frequently than, the interest rate
on
the assets, causing a decrease in return on equity during a period of rising
interest rates. When interest rates stabilize, we expect these investments
would
return to their historical returns on equity.
Interest
rate changes may also impact our net book value as our real estate securities
and related hedge derivatives are marked to market each quarter. Our loan
investments and debt obligations are not marked to market. Generally, as
interest rates increase, the value of our fixed rate securities decreases,
and
as interest rates decrease, the value of such securities will increase. In
general, we would expect that over time, decreases in the value of our real
estate securities portfolio attributable to interest rate changes will be offset
to some degree by increases in the value of our swaps, and vice versa. However,
the relationship between spreads on securities and spreads on swaps may vary
from time to time, resulting in a net aggregate book value increase or decline.
Our real estate securities portfolio is largely financed to maturity through
long term CBO financings that are not redeemable as a result of book value
changes. Accordingly, unless there is a material impairment in value that would
result in a payment not being received on a security, changes in the book value
of our portfolio will not directly affect our recurring earnings or our ability
to pay dividends. As of December 31, 2006, a 100 basis point change in short
term interest rates would impact our net book value by approximately $65.7
million.
Our
general financing strategy focuses on the use of match funded structures. This
means that, when appropriate, we seek to match the maturities of our debt
obligations with the maturities of our investments to minimize the risk that
we
have to refinance our liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets, and
to
reduce the impact of changing interest rates on our earnings. In addition,
we
generally match fund interest rates on our investments with like-kind debt
(i.e., fixed rate assets are financed with fixed rate debt and floating rate
assets are financed with floating rate debt), directly or through the use of
interest rate swaps, caps, or other financial instruments, or through a
combination of these strategies, which allows us to reduce the impact of
changing interest rates on our earnings. Our financing strategy is dependent
on
our ability to place the match funded debt we use to finance our investments
at
rates that provide a positive net spread. If spreads for such liabilities widen
or if demand for such liabilities ceases to exist, then our ability to execute
future financings will be severely restricted.
Interest
rate swaps are agreements in which a series of interest rate flows are exchanged
with a third party (counterparty) over a prescribed period. The notional amount
on which swaps are based is not exchanged. In general, our swaps are "pay fixed"
swaps involving the exchange of floating rate interest payments from the
counterparty for fixed interest payments from us. This can effectively convert
a
floating rate debt obligation into a fixed rate debt obligation.
47
Similarly,
an interest rate cap or floor agreement is a contract in which we purchase
a cap
or floor contract on a notional face amount. We will make an upfront payment
to
the counterparty for which the counterparty agrees to make future payments
to us
should the reference rate (typically one- or three-month LIBOR) rise above
(cap
agreements) or fall below (floor agreements) the "strike" rate specified in
the
contract. Should the reference rate rise above the contractual strike rate
in a
cap, we will earn cap income; should the reference rate fall below the
contractual strike rate in a floor, we will earn floor income. Payments on
an
annualized basis will equal the contractual notional face amount multiplied
by
the difference between the actual reference rate and the contracted strike
rate.
While
a
REIT may utilize these types of derivative instruments to hedge interest rate
risk on its liabilities or for other purposes, such derivative instruments
could
generate income that is not qualified income for purposes of maintaining REIT
status. As a consequence, we may only engage in such instruments to hedge such
risks within the constraints of maintaining our standing as a REIT. We do not
enter into derivative contracts for speculative purposes nor as a hedge against
changes in credit risk.
Our
hedging transactions using derivative instruments also involve certain
additional risks such as counterparty credit risk, the enforceability of hedging
contracts and the risk that unanticipated and significant changes in interest
rates will cause a significant loss of basis in the contract. The counterparties
to our derivative arrangements are major
financial
institutions with high credit ratings with which we and our affiliates may
also
have other financial relationships. As a result, we do not anticipate that
any
of these counterparties will fail to meet their obligations. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to adequately protect against the foregoing
risks
and will ultimately realize an economic benefit that exceeds the related amounts
incurred in connection with engaging in such hedging strategies.
Credit
Spread Exposure
Our
real
estate securities are also subject to spread risk. Our fixed rate securities
are
valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate
U.S.
Treasuries of like maturity. In other words, their value is dependent on the
yield demanded on such securities by the market based on their credit relative
to U.S. Treasuries. Excessive supply of such securities combined with reduced
demand will generally cause the market to require a higher yield on such
securities, resulting in the use of a higher (or “wider”) spread over the
benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury security yield) to value
such securities. Under such conditions, the value of our real estate securities
portfolio would tend to decline. Conversely, if the spread used to value such
securities were to decrease (or “tighten”), the value of our real estate
securities portfolio would tend to increase. Our floating rate securities are
valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are affected similarly
by
changes in LIBOR spreads. Such changes in the market value of our real estate
securities portfolio may effect our net equity, net income or cash flow directly
through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale
securities, and therefore our ability to realize gains on such securities,
or
indirectly through their impact on our ability to borrow and access
capital.
Furthermore,
shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve, which represents the market’s
expectations of future interest rates, would also effect the yield required
on
our real estate securities and therefore their value. This would have similar
effects on our real estate securities portfolio and our financial position
and
operations to a change in spreads.
Our
loan
portfolios are also subject to spread risk. Our floating rate loans are valued
based on a market credit spread to LIBOR. The value of these loans is dependent
upon the yield demanded by the market based on their credit relative to LIBOR.
The value of our floating rate loans would tend to decline should the market
require a higher yield on such loans, resulting in the use of a higher spread
over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable LIBOR yield). Our fixed rate
loans are valued based on a market credit spread over U.S. Treasuries and are
effected similarly by changes in U.S. Treasury spreads. If the value of our
loans subject to repurchase agreements or commercial paper were to decline,
it
could affect our ability to refinance such loans upon the maturity of the
related repurchase agreements or commercial paper.
Any
decreases in the value of our loan portfolios due to spread changes would affect
us in the same way as similar changes to our real estate securities portfolio
as
described above, except that our loan portfolios are not marked to
market.
As
of
December 31, 2006, a 25 basis point movement in credit spreads would impact
our
net book value by approximately $62.5 million, but would not directly affect
our
earnings or cash flow.
Margin
Certain
of our investments are financed through repurchase agreements or total rate
of
return swaps which are subject to margin calls based on the value of such
investments. Margin calls resulting from decreases in value related to rising
interest rates are substantially offset by our ability to make margin calls
on
our interest rate derivatives. We maintain adequate cash reserves or
availability on our credit facility to meet any margin calls resulting from
decreases in value related to a reasonably possible (in the opinion of
management) widening of credit spreads. Funding a margin call on our credit
facility would have a dilutive effect on our earnings, however we would not
expect this to be material.
48
Fair
Value
Fair
values for a majority of our investments are readily obtainable through broker
quotations. For certain of our financial instruments, fair values are not
readily available since there are no active trading markets as characterized
by
current exchanges between willing parties. Accordingly, fair values can only
be
derived or estimated for these instruments using various valuation techniques,
such as computing the present value of estimated future cash flows using
discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However, the determination
of estimated future cash flows is inherently subjective and imprecise. We note
that minor changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a
material effect on these derived or estimated fair values, and that the fair
values reflected below are indicative of the interest rate and credit spread
environments as of December 31, 2006 and do not take into consideration the
effects of subsequent interest rate or credit spread fluctuations.
We
note
that the values of our investments in real estate securities, loans and
derivative instruments are sensitive to changes in market interest rates, credit
spreads and other market factors. The value of these investments can vary,
and
has varied, materially from period to period.
Interest
Rate and Credit Spread Risk
We
held
the following interest rate and credit spread risk sensitive instruments at
December 31, 2006 (in thousands):
Carrying
Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
Value
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
December
31,
|
|
December
31, 2006
|
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
Principal
Balance or Notional Amount
|
|
Weighted
Average Yield/ Funding Cost
|
|
Maturity
Date
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||||
Assets:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities,
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
available
for sale (1)
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
5,604,249
|
6.60
|
%
|
(1
|
)
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
||||||||
Real
estate related loans (2)
|
1,568,916
|
615,551
|
1,573,570
|
8.48
|
%
|
(2
|
)
|
1,571,412
|
615,865
|
|||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans (3)
|
809,097
|
600,682
|
812,561
|
8.03
|
%
|
(3
|
)
|
829,980
|
609,486
|
|||||||||||||
Subrpime
mortgage loans subject to
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
future
repurchase (4)
|
288,202
|
-
|
299,176
|
(4
|
)
|
(4
|
)
|
288,202
|
-
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
rate caps, treated as hedges (5)
|
1,262
|
2,145
|
334,971
|
N/A
|
(5
|
)
|
1,262
|
2,145
|
||||||||||||||
Total
rate of return swaps (6)
|
1,288
|
3,096
|
299,654
|
N/A
|
(6
|
)
|
1,288
|
3,096
|
||||||||||||||
Liabilities:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
CBO
bonds payable (7)
|
4,313,824
|
3,530,384
|
4,340,166
|
5.73
|
%
|
(7
|
)
|
4,369,540
|
3,594,638
|
|||||||||||||
Other
bonds payable (8)
|
675,844
|
353,330
|
679,891
|
6.63
|
%
|
(8
|
)
|
676,512
|
356,294
|
|||||||||||||
Notes
payable (9)
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
128,866
|
5.68
|
%
|
(9
|
)
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements (10)
|
760,346
|
1,048,203
|
760,346
|
5.92
|
%
|
(10
|
)
|
760,346
|
1,048,203
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements subject to
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
ABCP
facility (10)
|
1,143,749
|
-
|
1,143,749
|
4.97
|
%
|
(10
|
)
|
1,143,749
|
-
|
|||||||||||||
Financing
of subrpime mortgage loans
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
subject
to future repurchase (4)
|
288,202
|
-
|
299,176
|
(4
|
)
|
(4
|
)
|
288,202
|
-
|
|||||||||||||
Credit
facility (11)
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
93,800
|
7.08
|
%
|
(11
|
)
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
|||||||||||||
Junior
subordinated notes payable (12)
|
100,100
|
-
|
100,100
|
7.72
|
%
|
(12
|
)
|
101,629
|
-
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges (13)
|
(42,887
|
)
|
(41,170
|
)
|
3,943,120
|
N/A
|
(13
|
)
|
(42,887
|
)
|
(41,170
|
)
|
||||||||||
Non-hedge
derivatives (14)
|
360
|
90
|
(14
|
)
|
N/A
|
(14
|
)
|
360
|
90
|
(1)
|
These
securities contain various terms, including fixed and floating rates,
self-amortizing and interest only. Their weighted average maturity
is 5.02
years. The fair value of these securities is estimated by obtaining
third
party broker quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
|
(2)
|
Represents
the following loans:
|
Loan
Type
|
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Weighted
Avg.
Yield
|
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
(Years)
|
|
Floating
Rate Loans
as
a % of
Carrying
Value
|
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||
B-Notes
|
$
|
248,240
|
$
|
246,798
|
7.98
|
%
|
2.71
|
73.0
|
%
|
$
|
248,662
|
||||||||
Mezzanine
Loans
|
906,907
|
904,686
|
8.61
|
%
|
2.67
|
97.5
|
%
|
904,996
|
|||||||||||
Bank
Loans
|
233,793
|
233,895
|
7.75
|
%
|
3.92
|
100.0
|
%
|
234,680
|
|||||||||||
Whole
Loans
|
61,240
|
61,703
|
12.63
|
%
|
1.81
|
100.0
|
%
|
61,240
|
|||||||||||
ICH
Loans
|
123,390
|
121,834
|
7.77
|
%
|
1.10
|
1.6
|
%
|
121,834
|
|||||||||||
$
|
1,573,570
|
$
|
1,568,916
|
8.48
|
%
|
2.71
|
86.7
|
%
|
$
|
1,571,412
|
The
ICH
loans were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by the loans’
effective rate at acquisition. The rest of the loans were valued by obtaining
third party broker quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
49
(3)
|
This
aggregate portfolio of residential loans consists of a portfolio
of
floating rate residential mortgage loans and two portfolios of
substantially fixed rate manufactured housing loans. The $168.6 million
portfolio of residential mortgage loans has a weighted average maturity
of
2.79 years. The $643.9 million portfolios of manufactured housing
loans
have a weighted average maturity of 6.02 years. These loans were
valued by
reference to current market interest rates and credit spreads.
|
(4)
|
These
two items, related to the securitization of subprime mortgage loans,
are
equal and offsetting. They each yield 9.24% and are further described
under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital
Resources”.
|
(5) |
Represents
cap agreements as follows:
|
Notional
Balance
|
Effective
Date
|
|
Maturity
Date
|
Capped
Rate
|
Strike
Rate
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||||
$
|
255,352
|
Current
|
March
2009
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
6.50%
|
|
$
|
31
|
|||||||||
18,000
|
|
January
2010
|
October
2015
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
8.00%
|
|
154
|
||||||||||
8,619
|
December
2010
|
June
2015
|
3-Month
LIBOR
|
7.00%
|
|
371
|
|||||||||||
53,000
|
May
2011
|
September
2015
|
1-Month
LIBOR
|
7.50%
|
|
706
|
|||||||||||
$
|
334,971
|
$
|
1,262
|
The
fair
value of these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty
quotations.
(6)
|
Represents
total return swaps which are treated as non-hedge derivatives. The
fair
value of these agreements, which is included in Derivative Assets,
is
estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations. See “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources” for a further discussion of
these swaps.
|
(7)
|
These
bonds were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a
rate
calculated based on current market conditions for comparable financial
instruments, including market interest rates and credit spreads.
The
weighted average maturity of the CBO bonds payable is 5.83 years.
The CBO
bonds payable amortize principal prior to maturity based on collateral
receipts, subject to reinvestment
requirements.
|
(8)
|
The
ICH bonds amortize principal prior to maturity based on collateral
receipts and have a weighted average maturity of 1.04 years. These
bonds
were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated
based on current market conditions for comparable financial instruments,
including market interest rates and credit spreads. The manufactured
housing loan bonds amortize principal prior to maturity based on
collateral receipts and have a weighted average maturity of 2.48
years.
These bonds were valued by reference to current market interest rates
and
credit spreads.
|
(9)
|
The
residential mortgage loan financing has a weighted average maturity
of
0.74 years and is subject to adjustment monthly based on the agreed
upon
market value of the loan portfolio. This
financing was valued by reference to current market interest rates
and
credit spreads.
|
(10)
|
These
agreements bear floating rates of interest, which reset monthly or
quarterly to a market credit spread, and we believe that, for similar
financial instruments with comparable credit risks, the effective
rates
approximate market rates. Accordingly, the carrying amounts outstanding
are believed to approximate fair value. These agreements have a weighted
average maturity of 0.08 years.
|
(11)
|
This
facility, which has a weighted average maturity of 0.85 years, bears
a
floating rate of interest. This facility was valued at par because
management believes it could currently enter into a similar arrangement
under similar terms.
|
(12) |
These
notes have a weighted average maturity of 29.25 years. These notes
were
valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated
based on current market conditions for comparable financial instruments,
including market interest rates and credit spreads. The credit spread
used
was obtained from a broker
quotation.
|
50
(13) |
Represents
current swap agreements as follows:
|
Year
of
Maturity
|
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
|
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
|
|
Weighted
Average
Fixed
Pay Rate
|
|
Aggregate
Fair
Value
|
|||||
Agreements
which receive 1-Month LIBOR:
|
|||||||||||||
2009
|
May2009
|
$
|
331,620
|
* |
3.27
|
%
|
$
|
(9,517
|
)
|
||||
2010
|
Jun
2010
|
402,533
|
4.37
|
%
|
(6,211
|
)
|
|||||||
2011
|
Jun
2011
|
591,800
|
5.24
|
%
|
2,688
|
||||||||
2012
|
Jan
2012
|
127,001
|
4.92
|
%
|
(546
|
)
|
|||||||
2015
|
Jul
2015
|
776,996
|
4.92
|
%
|
(7,465
|
)
|
|||||||
2016
|
Apr
2016
|
728,738
|
5.18
|
%
|
2,776
|
||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Agreements
which receive 3-Month LIBOR:
|
|||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
2011
|
Apr
2011
|
337,000
|
5.81
|
%
|
7,785
|
||||||||
2013
|
Mar
2013
|
276,060
|
3.87
|
%
|
(15,183
|
)
|
|||||||
2014
|
Jun
2014
|
357,852
|
4.21
|
%
|
(17,603
|
)
|
|||||||
2016
|
Apr
2016
|
13,520
|
5.57
|
%
|
389
|
||||||||
$
|
3,943,120
|
$
|
(42,887
|
)
|
|||||||||
*
$255,352 of this notional receives 1-Month LIBOR only up to
6.50%
|
The
fair
value of these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations.
A
positive fair value represents a liability. We have recorded $59.6 million
of
gross interest rate swap assets and $16.7 million of liabilities.
(14) |
These
are two essentially offsetting interest rate caps and two essentially
offsetting interest rate swaps, each with notional amounts
of $32.5
million, and an interest rate cap with a notional balance of
$17.5
million. The maturity date of the purchased swap is July 2009;
the
maturity date of the sold swap is July 2014, the maturity date
of the
$32.5 million caps is July 2038 and the maturity date of the
$17.5 million
cap is July 2009. The fair value of these agreements is estimated
by
obtaining counterparty quotations.
|
51
Item
8. Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.
Index
to
Financial Statements:
Report
of
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Report
on
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005
Consolidated
Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
All
schedules have been omitted because either the required information is included
in our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto or it is not
applicable.
52
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The
Board
of Directors and Stockholders of Newcastle Investment Corp.
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Newcastle Investment
Corp. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the
related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flow
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on
our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining,
on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company at
December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of their operations
and
their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31,
2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness the Company’s internal
control. over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee
of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated
February 22, 200.7 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Ernst
& Young LLP
New
York,
NY
February
22, 2007
53
Report
on Internal Control over Financial Reporting of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
The
Board
of Directors and Stockholders of Newcastle Investment Corp.
We
have
audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s
Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Newcastle Investment
Corp. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) maintained effective internal control
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established
in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company’s
management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion
on
management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over
financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating
the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing
such
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
(2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary
to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors
of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention
or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting
may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may
become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In
our
opinion, management’s assessment that the Company maintained effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated,
in
all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion,
the
Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control
over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the COSO
criteria.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the
Company
as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements
of
income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flow for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2006 of the Company and our report dated February
22,
2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Ernst
& Young LLP
New
York,
NY
February
22, 2007
54
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars
in thousands, except share data)
December
31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Assets
|
|||||||
Real
estate securities, available for sale - Note 4
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
|||
Real
estate related loans, net - Note 5
|
1,568,916
|
615,551
|
|||||
Residential
mortgage loans, net - Note 5
|
809,097
|
600,682
|
|||||
Subprime
mortgage loans subject to future repurchase - Note 5
|
288,202
|
-
|
|||||
Investments
in unconsolidated subsidiaries - Note 3
|
22,868
|
29,953
|
|||||
Operating
real estate, net - Note 6
|
29,626
|
16,673
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
5,371
|
21,275
|
|||||
Restricted
cash
|
184,169
|
268,910
|
|||||
Derivative
assets - Note 7
|
62,884
|
63,834
|
|||||
Receivables
and other assets
|
52,031
|
38,302
|
|||||
$
|
8,604,392
|
$
|
6,209,699
|
||||
Liabilities
and Stockholders' Equity
|
|||||||
Liabilities
|
|||||||
CBO
bonds payable - Note 8
|
$
|
4,313,824
|
$
|
3,530,384
|
|||
Other
bonds payable - Note 8
|
675,844
|
353,330
|
|||||
Notes
payable - Note 8
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements - Note 8
|
760,346
|
1,048,203
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements subject to ABCP facility - Note 8
|
1,143,749
|
||||||
Financing
of subprime mortgage loans subject to future repurchase - Notes
5 and
8
|
288,202
|
-
|
|||||
Credit
facility - Note 8
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
|||||
Junior
subordinated notes payable (security for trust preferred) - Note
8
|
100,100
|
-
|
|||||
Derivative
liabilities - Note 7
|
17,715
|
18,392
|
|||||
Dividends
payable
|
33,095
|
29,052
|
|||||
Due
to affiliates - Note 10
|
13,465
|
8,783
|
|||||
Accrued
expenses and other liabilities
|
33,406
|
23,111
|
|||||
7,602,412
|
5,291,696
|
||||||
Commitments
and contingencies - Notes 9, 10 and 11
|
|||||||
Stockholders'
Equity
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 2,500,000
|
|||||||
shares
of 9.75% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock
|
|||||||
and
1,600,000 shares of 8.05% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred
Stock,
|
|||||||
liquidation
preference $25.00 per share, issued and outstanding
|
102,500
|
102,500
|
|||||
Common
stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized,
45,713,817
|
|||||||
and
43,913,409 shares issued and outstanding at
|
|||||||
December
31, 2006 and 2005, respectively
|
457
|
439
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
833,887
|
782,735
|
|||||
Dividends
in excess of earnings - Note 2
|
(10,848
|
)
|
(13,235
|
)
|
|||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income - Note 2
|
75,984
|
45,564
|
|||||
1,001,980
|
918,003
|
||||||
$
|
8,604,392
|
$
|
6,209,699
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
55
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(dollars
in thousands, except share data)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||||
Revenues
|
||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
530,006
|
$
|
348,516
|
$
|
225,761
|
||||
Rental
and escalation income
|
4,861
|
6,647
|
4,744
|
|||||||
Gain
on sale of investments, net
|
12,340
|
20,305
|
18,314
|
|||||||
Other
income, net
|
5,402
|
2,745
|
850
|
|||||||
552,609
|
378,213
|
249,669
|
||||||||
Expenses
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
374,269
|
226,446
|
136,398
|
|||||||
Property
operating expense
|
3,805
|
2,363
|
2,575
|
|||||||
Loan
and security servicing expense
|
6,944
|
5,993
|
3,057
|
|||||||
Provision
for credit losses
|
9,438
|
8,421
|
-
|
|||||||
Provision
for losses, loans held for sale - Note 5
|
4,127
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
4,946
|
4,159
|
4,597
|
|||||||
Management
fee to affiliate - Note 10
|
14,018
|
13,325
|
10,620
|
|||||||
Incentive
compensation to affiliate - Note 10
|
12,245
|
7,627
|
7,959
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
1,085
|
641
|
451
|
|||||||
430,877
|
268,975
|
165,657
|
||||||||
Income
before equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
121,732
|
109,238
|
84,012
|
|||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries - Note 3
|
5,968
|
5,930
|
12,465
|
|||||||
Income
taxes on related taxable subsidiaries - Note 12
|
-
|
(321
|
)
|
(2,508
|
)
|
|||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
127,700
|
114,847
|
93,969
|
|||||||
Income
from discontinued operations - Note 6
|
223
|
2,108
|
4,446
|
|||||||
Net
Income
|
127,923
|
116,955
|
98,415
|
|||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(9,314
|
)
|
(6,684
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
||||
Income
Available For Common Stockholders
|
$
|
118,609
|
$
|
110,271
|
$
|
92,321
|
||||
Net
Income Per Share of Common Stock
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
2.68
|
$
|
2.53
|
$
|
2.50
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
2.67
|
$
|
2.51
|
$
|
2.46
|
||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common
|
||||||||||
stock,
after preferred dividends
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
2.67
|
$
|
2.48
|
$
|
2.38
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
2.67
|
$
|
2.46
|
$
|
2.34
|
||||
Income
from discontinued operations per share of common stock
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
0.12
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
0.12
|
||||
Weighted
Average Number of Shares of Common Stock
Outstanding
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
44,268,575
|
43,671,517
|
36,943,752
|
|||||||
Diluted
|
44,417,113
|
43,985,642
|
37,557,790
|
|||||||
Dividends
Declared per Share of Common Stock
|
$
|
2.615
|
$
|
2.500
|
$
|
2.425
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
56
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR
THE
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
Preferred
Stock
|
Common
Stock
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Amount
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
Additional
Paid
in
Capital
|
Dividends
in
Excess
of
Earnings
|
Accumulated
Other
Comp.
Income
|
Total
Stock-
holders'
Equity
|
||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December
31, 2005
|
4,100,000
|
$
|
102,500
|
43,913,409
|
$
|
439
|
$
|
782,735
|
$
|
(13,235
|
)
|
$
|
45,564
|
$
|
918,003
|
||||||||||
Dividends
declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(125,536
|
)
|
-
|
(125,536
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
-
|
-
|
1,700,000
|
17
|
49,376
|
-
|
-
|
49,393
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock to directors
|
-
|
-
|
2,408
|
-
|
60
|
-
|
-
|
60
|
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
-
|
-
|
98,000
|
1
|
1,716
|
-
|
-
|
1,717
|
|||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
127,923
|
-
|
127,923
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized (loss) on securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
26,242
|
26,242
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(282
|
)
|
(282
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(26
|
)
|
(26
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7,773
|
7,773
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on derivatives designated cash flow
hedges
into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(3,287
|
)
|
(3,287
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Total
comprehensive income
|
158,343
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December
31, 2006
|
4,100,000
|
$
|
102,500
|
45,713,817
|
$
|
457
|
$
|
833,887
|
$
|
(10,848
|
)
|
$
|
75,984
|
$
|
1,001,980
|
||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December
31, 2004
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
39,859,481
|
$
|
399
|
$
|
676,015
|
$
|
(13,969
|
)
|
$
|
71,770
|
$
|
796,715
|
||||||||||
Dividends
declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(116,221
|
)
|
-
|
(116,221
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
-
|
-
|
3,300,000
|
33
|
96,449
|
-
|
-
|
96,482
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock to directors
|
-
|
-
|
2,008
|
-
|
67
|
-
|
-
|
67
|
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
-
|
-
|
751,920
|
7
|
11,687
|
-
|
-
|
11,694
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of preferred stock
|
1,600,000
|
40,000
|
-
|
-
|
(1,483
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
38,517
|
||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
116,955
|
-
|
116,955
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized (loss) on securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(67,077
|
)
|
(67,077
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(16,015
|
)
|
(16,015
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,089
|
)
|
(1,089
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized foreign currency translation into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(626
|
)
|
(626
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
56,426
|
56,426
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized loss on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,175
|
2,175
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total
comprehensive income
|
90,749
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December
31, 2005
|
4,100,000
|
$
|
102,500
|
43,913,409
|
$
|
439
|
$
|
782,735
|
$
|
(13,235
|
)
|
$
|
45,564
|
$
|
918,003
|
Continued
on next page.
57
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR
THE
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in thousands)
Preferred
Stock
|
|
Common
Stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Additional
Paid in Capital
|
|
Dividends
in Excess of Earnings
|
|
Accumulated
Other Comp.
Income
|
|
Total
Stock-holders'
Equity
|
|||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2003
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
31,374,833
|
$
|
314
|
$
|
451,806
|
$
|
(14,670
|
)
|
$
|
39,413
|
$
|
539,363
|
||||||||||
Dividends
declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(97,714
|
)
|
-
|
(97,714
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
-
|
-
|
8,375,000
|
84
|
222,721
|
-
|
-
|
222,805
|
|||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock to directors
|
-
|
-
|
2,148
|
-
|
60
|
-
|
-
|
60
|
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
-
|
-
|
107,500
|
1
|
1,428
|
-
|
-
|
1,429
|
|||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
98,415
|
-
|
98,415
|
|||||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
34,088
|
34,088
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized (gain) on securities into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(14,574
|
)
|
(14,574
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,984
|
1,984
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net realized foreign currency translation into earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,478
|
)
|
(1,478
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
11,973
|
11,973
|
|||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of net unrealized loss on derivatives designated as cash
flow hedges into
earnings
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
364
|
364
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total
comprehensive income
|
130,772
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders'
equity - December 31, 2004
|
2,500,000
|
$
|
62,500
|
39,859,481
|
$
|
399
|
$
|
676,015
|
$
|
(13,969
|
)
|
$
|
71,770
|
$
|
796,715
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
58
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
(dollars
in thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|||||||||
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||||
Cash
Flows From Operating Activities
|
||||||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
127,923
|
$
|
116,955
|
$
|
98,415
|
||||
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities
|
||||||||||
(inclusive
of amounts related to discontinued operations):
|
||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
1,085
|
818
|
2,253
|
|||||||
Accretion
of discount and other amortization
|
(15,365
|
)
|
(2,645
|
)
|
1,898
|
|||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(5,968
|
)
|
(5,930
|
)
|
(12,465
|
)
|
||||
Distributions
of earnings from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
5,968
|
5,930
|
12,465
|
|||||||
Deferred
rent
|
(1,274
|
)
|
(2,539
|
)
|
(1,380
|
)
|
||||
Gain
on sale of investments
|
(13,359
|
)
|
(20,811
|
)
|
(22,029
|
)
|
||||
Unrealized
gain on non-hedge derivatives and hedge ineffectiveness
|
(4,284
|
)
|
(2,839
|
)
|
(3,332
|
)
|
||||
Provision
for credit losses
|
9,438
|
8,421
|
-
|
|||||||
Provision
for losses, loans held for sale
|
4,127
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Purchase
of loans held for sale - Note 5
|
(1,511,086
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Sale
of loans held for sale - Note 5
|
1,411,530
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Non-cash
directors' compensation
|
60
|
67
|
60
|
|||||||
Change
in
|
||||||||||
Restricted
cash
|
1,400
|
(7,980
|
)
|
(8,137
|
)
|
|||||
Receivables
and other assets
|
(8,985
|
)
|
218
|
(5,431
|
)
|
|||||
Due
to affiliates
|
4,682
|
(180
|
)
|
6,518
|
||||||
Accrued
expenses and other liabilities
|
10,430
|
9,278
|
21,520
|
|||||||
Net
cash provided by operating activities:
|
16,322
|
98,763
|
90,355
|
|||||||
Cash
Flows From Investing Activities
|
||||||||||
Purchase
of real estate securities
|
(1,295,067
|
)
|
(1,463,581
|
)
|
(1,426,762
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from sale of real estate securities
|
318,007
|
60,254
|
193,246
|
|||||||
Deposit
on real estate securities (treated as a derivative)
|
-
|
(57,149
|
)
|
(80,311
|
)
|
|||||
Purchase
of and advances on loans
|
(1,643,062
|
)
|
(584,270
|
)
|
(631,728
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from settlement of loans
|
24,750
|
1,901
|
124,440
|
|||||||
Repayments
of loan and security principal
|
579,166
|
698,002
|
428,091
|
|||||||
Margin received
on derivative instruments
|
50,701
|
|
-
|
|
-
|
|||||
Return
of margin on derivative instruments
|
(50,799
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Margin
deposits on total rate of return swaps (treated as derivative
instruments)
|
(55,922
|
)
|
(53,518
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Return
of margin deposits on total rate of return swaps
|
||||||||||
(treated
as derivative instruments)
|
81,619
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Proceeds
from termination of derivative instruments
|
16,426
|
1,338
|
-
|
|||||||
Proceeds
from sale of derivative instruments into Securitization Trust -
Note
5
|
5,623
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Payments
on settlement of derivative instruments
|
-
|
(1,112
|
)
|
-
|
||||||
Purchase
and improvement of operating real estate
|
(1,585
|
)
|
(182
|
)
|
(141
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from sale of operating real estate
|
-
|
52,333
|
71,871
|
|||||||
Contributions
to unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(125
|
)
|
-
|
(26,789
|
)
|
|||||
Distributions
of capital from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
7,210
|
11,277
|
16,199
|
|||||||
Payment
of deferred transaction costs
|
-
|
(39
|
)
|
(280
|
)
|
|||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(1,963,058
|
)
|
(1,334,746
|
)
|
(1,332,164
|
)
|
Continued
on next page.
59
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
(dollars
in thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||
Cash
Flows From Financing Activities
|
||||||||||
Issuance
of CBO bonds payable
|
807,464
|
880,570
|
859,719
|
|||||||
Repayments
of CBO bonds payable
|
(18,889
|
)
|
(10,241
|
)
|
(604
|
)
|
||||
Issuance
of other bonds payable
|
631,988
|
246,547
|
-
|
|||||||
Repayments
of other bonds payable
|
(305,428
|
)
|
(114,780
|
)
|
(41,759
|
)
|
||||
Borrowings
under notes payable
|
-
|
-
|
614,106
|
|||||||
Repayments
of notes payable
|
(131,575
|
)
|
(391,559
|
)
|
(119,407
|
)
|
||||
Borrowings
under repurchase agreements
|
3,953,324
|
815,840
|
654,254
|
|||||||
Repayments
of repurchase agreements
|
(4,241,181
|
)
|
(258,257
|
)
|
(879,417
|
)
|
||||
Issuance
of repurchase agreement subject to ABCP facility
|
1,143,749
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Draws
under credit facility
|
570,400
|
62,000
|
-
|
|||||||
Repayments
of credit facility
|
(496,600
|
)
|
(42,000
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Issuance
of junior subordinated notes payable
|
100,100
|
- | - | |||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
50,014
|
97,680
|
222,805
|
|||||||
Costs
related to issuance of common stock
|
(581
|
)
|
(1,198
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Exercise
of common stock options
|
1,717
|
11,694
|
1,429
|
|||||||
Issuance
of preferred stock
|
-
|
40,000
|
-
|
|||||||
Costs
related to issuance of preferred stock
|
-
|
(1,483
|
)
|
-
|
||||||
Dividends
paid
|
(121,493
|
)
|
(113,097
|
)
|
(88,489
|
)
|
||||
Payment
of deferred financing costs
|
(12,177
|
)
|
(2,369
|
)
|
(3,320
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
1,930,832
|
1,219,347
|
1,219,317
|
|||||||
Net
Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
(15,904
|
)
|
(16,636
|
)
|
(22,492
|
)
|
||||
Cash
and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
|
21,275
|
37,911
|
60,403
|
|||||||
Cash
and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
|
$
|
5,371
|
$
|
21,275
|
$
|
37,911
|
||||
Supplemental
Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
|
||||||||||
Cash
paid during the period for interest expense
|
$
|
353,545
|
$
|
213,070
|
$
|
135,172
|
||||
Cash
paid during the period for income taxes
|
$
|
244
|
$
|
448
|
$
|
2,639
|
||||
Supplemental
Schedule of Non-cash Investing and Financing
Activities
|
||||||||||
Common
stock dividends declared but not paid
|
$
|
31,543
|
$
|
27,446
|
$
|
24,912
|
||||
Preferred
stock dividends declared but not paid
|
$
|
1,552
|
$
|
1,606
|
$
|
1,016
|
||||
Deposits
used in acquisition of real estate securities (treated as
derivatives)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
82,334
|
$
|
75,824
|
||||
Foreclosure
of loans
|
$
|
14,780
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
||||
Acquisition
and financing of loans subject to future repurchase
|
$
|
286,315
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
||||
Retained
bonds and equity in securitization
|
$
|
96,058
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
60
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
1. |
ORGANIZATION
|
Newcastle
Investment Corp. (and its subsidiaries, “Newcastle”) is a Maryland corporation
that was formed in 2002. Newcastle conducts its business through three primary
segments: (i) real estate securities and real estate related loans, (ii)
residential mortgage loans, and (iii) operating real estate.
The
following table presents information on shares of Newcastle’s common stock
issued subsequent to its formation:
Year
|
Shares
Issued
|
Range
of Issue
Prices
(1)
|
Net
Proceeds
(millions)
|
|||||||
Formation
|
16,488,517
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||
2002
|
7,000,000
|
|
$13.00
|
|
$80.0
|
|||||
2003
|
7,886,316
|
|
$20.35-$22.85
|
|
$163.4
|
|||||
2004
|
8,484,648
|
|
$26.30-$31.40
|
|
$224.3
|
|||||
2005
|
4,053,928
|
|
$29.60
|
|
$108.2
|
|||||
2006
|
1,800,408
|
|
$29.42
|
|
$51.2
|
|||||
December
31, 2006
|
45,713,817
|
|
||||||||
January
2007
|
2,420,000
|
|
$31.30
|
|
$75.0
|
(1)
|
Excludes
prices of shares issued pursuant to the exercise of options and
of shares
issued to Newcastle's independent
directors.
|
Newcastle
is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a real estate investment
trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
As such, Newcastle will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate
income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders
if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders
by
prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements.
Newcastle
is party to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) with FIG LLC
(the “Manager”), an affiliate of Fortress Investment Group LLC, under which the
Manager advises Newcastle on various aspects of its business and manages its
day-to-day operations, subject to the supervision of Newcastle’s board of
directors. For its services, the Manager receives an annual management fee
and
incentive compensation, both as defined in the Management Agreement. For a
further discussion of the Management Agreement, see Note 10.
Approximately
2.9 million shares of Newcastle’s common stock were held by the Manager, through
its affiliates, and principals of Fortress at December 31, 2006. In addition,
the Manager, through its affiliates, held options to purchase approximately
1.3
million shares of Newcastle’s common stock at December 31, 2006.
2. |
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES
|
GENERAL
Basis
of Accounting - The
accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP''). The consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Newcastle and its consolidated
subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been
eliminated. Newcastle consolidates those entities in which it has an investment
of 50% or more and has control over significant operating, financial and
investing decisions of the entity.
In
December 2003, Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation (“FIN”) No.
46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” was issued as a modification
of FIN 46. FIN 46R, which became effective in the first quarter of 2004,
clarified the methodology for determining whether an entity is a variable
interest entity (“VIE”) and the methodology for assessing who is the primary
beneficiary of a VIE. VIEs are defined as entities in which equity investors
do
not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not
have
sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without
additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required
to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, and only its primary beneficiary,
which is defined as the party who will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected
losses or receive a majority of the expected residual returns as a result of
holding variable interests. The application of FIN 46R did not result in a
change in our accounting for any entities. Our CBO subsidiaries are considered
VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary.
61
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
For
entities over which Newcastle exercises significant influence, but which do
not
meet the requirements for consolidation, Newcastle uses the equity method of
accounting whereby it records its share of the underlying income of such
entities. Newcastle owns an equity method investment in two limited liability
companies (Note 3) which are investment companies and therefore maintain their
financial records on a fair value basis. Newcastle has retained such accounting
relative to its investments in such companies pursuant to the Emerging Issues
Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 85-12 “Retention of Specialized Accounting for
Investments in Consolidation.” In addition, Newcastle owns equity method
investments in two entities which issued trust preferred securities and asset
backed commercial paper (Note 8).
Risks
and Uncertainties ¾
In the
normal course of business, Newcastle encounters primarily two significant types
of economic risk: credit and market. Credit risk is the risk of default on
Newcastle’s securities, loans, derivatives, and leases that results from a
borrower's, derivative counterparty's or lessee's inability or unwillingness
to
make contractually required payments. Market risk reflects changes in the value
of investments in securities, loans and derivatives or in real estate due to
changes in interest rates, spreads or other market factors, including the value
of the collateral underlying loans and securities and the valuation of real
estate held by Newcastle. Management believes that the carrying values of its
investments are reasonable taking into consideration these risks along with
estimated collateral values, payment histories, and other borrower
information.
Additionally,
Newcastle is subject to significant tax risks. If Newcastle were to fail to
qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, Newcastle would be subject to U.S.
federal corporate income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum
tax),
which could be material. In addition, if Newcastle’s predecessor, Newcastle
Investment Holdings Corp. (“Holdings”), failed to qualify as a REIT and
Newcastle is treated as a successor to Holdings, this could cause Newcastle
to
likewise fail to qualify as a REIT. Unless entitled to relief under certain
statutory provisions, Newcastle would also be disqualified from treatment as
a
REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification
is
lost.
Use
of Estimates ¾
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
Comprehensive
Income ¾
Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise
during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances, excluding
those resulting from investments by and distributions to owners. For Newcastle’s
purposes, comprehensive income represents net income, as presented in the
statements of income, adjusted for unrealized gains or losses on securities
available for sale and derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and net
foreign currency translation adjustments. The following table summarizes our
accumulated other comprehensive income:
December
31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Net
unrealized gains on securities
|
$
|
42,742
|
$
|
16,782
|
|||
Net
unrealized gains on derivatives designated as cash flow
hedges
|
31,224
|
26,738
|
|||||
Net
foreign currency translation adjustments
|
2,018
|
2,044
|
|||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income
|
$
|
75,984
|
$
|
45,564
|
62
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
REVENUE
RECOGNITION
Real
Estate Securities and Loans Receivable ¾
Newcastle invests in securities, including commercial mortgage backed
securities, senior unsecured debt issued by property REITS, real estate related
asset backed securities and agency residential mortgage backed securities.
Newcastle also invests in loans, including real estate related loans, commercial
mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans, manufactured housing loans and
subprime mortgage loans. Newcastle determines at acquisition whether loans
will
be aggregated into pools based on common risk characteristics (credit quality,
loan type, and date of origination or acquisition); loans aggregated into pools
are accounted for as if each pool were a single loan. Loans receivable are
presented in the consolidated balance sheet net of any unamortized discount
(or
gross of any unamortized premium) and an allowance for loan losses. Discounts
or
premiums are accreted into interest income on an effective yield or “interest”
method, based upon a comparison of actual and expected cash flows, through
the
expected maturity date of the security or loan. Depending on the nature of
the
investment, changes to expected cash flows may result in a prospective change
to
yield or a retrospective change which would include a catch up adjustment.
For
loans acquired at a discount for credit quality, the difference between
contractual cash flows and expected cash flows at acquisition is not accreted
(nonaccretable difference). Income is not accrued on non-performing securities
or loans; cash received on such securities or loans is treated as income to
the
extent of interest previously accrued. Interest income with respect to
non-discounted securities or loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Deferred
fees and costs, if any, are recognized as interest income over the terms of
the
securities or loans using the interest method. Upon settlement of securities
and
loans, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value
of
such security or loan is recognized as a gain (or loss) in the period of
settlement. Interest income includes prepayment penalties received of $5.9
million, $3.2 million and $0.6 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Impairment
of Securities and Loans ¾
Newcastle continually evaluates securities and loans for impairment. This
evaluation includes the following, as applicable: (i) review of the credit
of
the issuer or the borrower, (ii) review of the credit rating of the security,
(iii) review of the key
terms
of the security or loan, (iv) review of the performance of the loan or
underlying loans, including debt service coverage and loan to value ratios,
(v)
analysis of the value of the collateral for the loan or underlying loans, (vi)
analysis of the effect of local, industry and broader economic factors, and
(vii) analysis of trends in defaults and loss severities for similar loans.
Securities and loans are considered to be impaired, for financial reporting
purposes, when it is probable that Newcastle will be unable to collect all
principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the
original agreements, or, for securities or loans purchased at a discount for
credit quality or that represent beneficial interests in securitizations, when
Newcastle determines that it is probable that it will be unable to collect
as
anticipated. For loans purchased at a discount for credit quality, if Newcastle
determines that it is probable that it will collect more than previously
anticipated, the yield accrued on such loan or security is adjusted upward,
on a
prospective basis. Upon determination of impairment, Newcastle establishes
specific valuation allowances for loans or records a direct write down for
securities, through provisions for losses, based on the estimated fair value
of
the underlying collateral using a discounted cash flow analysis or based on
observable market value. Newcastle also establishes allowances for estimated
unidentified incurred losses on pools of loans. The allowance for each security
or loan is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb
probable losses, based on periodic reviews of actual and expected losses. It
is
Newcastle’s policy to establish an allowance for uncollectible interest on
performing securities or loans that are past due more than 90 days or sooner
when, in the judgment of management, the probability of collection of interest
is deemed to be insufficient to warrant further accrual. Upon such a
determination, those loans are deemed to be non-performing. Actual losses may
differ from Newcastle’s estimate.
63
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
EXPENSE
RECOGNITION
Interest Expense
¾ Newcastle
finances its investments using both fixed and floating rate debt, including
securitizations, loans, repurchase agreements, and other financing vehicles.
Certain of this debt has been issued at discounts. Discounts are accreted into
interest expense on the interest method through the expected maturity date
of
the financing.
Deferred
Costs and Interest Rate Cap Premiums ¾ Deferred
costs consist primarily of costs incurred in obtaining financing which are
amortized into interest expense over the term of such financing using the
interest method. Interest rate cap premiums, which are included in Derivative
Assets, are amortized as described below.
Derivatives
and Hedging Activities ¾
All
derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet
and measured at fair value. Fair value adjustments affect either stockholders'
equity or net income depending on whether the derivative instrument qualifies
as
a hedge for accounting purposes and, if so, the nature of the hedging activity.
For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging
instruments, Newcastle designates the hedging instrument, based upon the
exposure being hedged, as either a cash flow hedge, a fair value hedge or a
hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation.
Derivative
transactions are entered into by Newcastle solely for risk management purposes,
except for real estate securities portfolio deposits as described in Note 4
and
the total rate of return swaps described in Note 5. Such total rate of return
swaps are essentially financings of certain reference assets which are treated
as derivatives for accounting purposes. The decision of whether or not a given
transaction/position (or portion thereof) is hedged is made on a case-by-case
basis, based on the risks involved and other factors as determined by senior
management, including restrictions imposed by the Code among others. In
determining whether to hedge a risk, Newcastle may consider whether other
assets, liabilities, firm commitments and anticipated transactions already
offset or reduce the risk. All transactions undertaken as hedges are entered
into with a view towards minimizing the potential for economic losses that
could
be incurred by Newcastle. Generally, all derivatives entered into are intended
to qualify as hedges under GAAP, unless specifically stated otherwise. To this
end, terms of hedges are matched closely to the terms of hedged
items.
Description
of the risks being hedged
1) |
Interest
rate risk, existing debt obligations - Newcastle generally hedges
the risk
of interest rate fluctuations with respect to its borrowings, regardless
of the form of such borrowings, which require payments based on a
variable
interest rate index. Newcastle generally intends to hedge only the
risk
related to changes in the benchmark interest rate (LIBOR or a Treasury
rate). In order to reduce such risks, Newcastle may enter into swap
agreements whereby Newcastle would receive floating rate payments
in
exchange for fixed rate payments, effectively converting the borrowing
to
fixed rate. Newcastle may also enter into cap agreements whereby,
in
exchange for a premium, Newcastle would be reimbursed for interest
paid in
excess of a certain cap rate.
|
2) |
Interest
rate risk, anticipated transactions - Newcastle may hedge the aggregate
risk of interest rate fluctuations with respect to anticipated
transactions, primarily anticipated borrowings. The primary risk
involved
in an anticipated borrowing is that interest rates may increase between
the date the transaction becomes probable and the date of consummation.
Newcastle generally intends to hedge only the risk related to changes
in
the benchmark interest rate (LIBOR or a Treasury rate). This is generally
accomplished through the use of interest rate
swaps.
|
3) |
Interest
rate risk, fair value of investments - Newcastle occasionally hedges
the
fair value of investments acquired outside of its warehouse agreements
(Note 4) prior to such investments being included in a CBO financing
(Note
8). The primary risk involved is the risk that the fair value of
such an
investment will change between the acquisition date and the date
the terms
of the related financing are “locked in.” Newcastle generally intends to
hedge only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest
rate
(LIBOR or a Treasury rate). This is generally accomplished through
the use
of interest rate swaps.
|
64
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Cash
flow hedges
To
qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, interest rate swaps and caps must meet
certain criteria, including (1) the items to be hedged expose Newcastle to
interest rate risk, (2) the interest rate swaps or caps are highly effective
in
reducing Newcastle’s exposure to interest rate risk, and (3) with respect to an
anticipated transaction, such transaction is probable. Correlation and
effectiveness are periodically assessed based upon a comparison of the relative
changes in the fair values or cash flows of the interest rate swaps and caps
and
the items being hedged.
For
derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge
(i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that
is
attributable to a particular risk), the effective portion of the gain or loss,
and net payments received or made, on the derivative instrument is reported
as a
component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the
same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.
The
remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative
change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item, if any,
is
recognized in current earnings during the period of change. The premiums paid
for interest rate caps, treated as cash flow hedges, are amortized into interest
expense based on the estimated value of such cap for each period covered by
such
cap.
With
respect to interest rate swaps which have been designated as hedges of
anticipated financings, periodic net payments are recognized currently as
adjustments to interest expense; any gain or loss from fluctuations in the
fair
value of the interest rate swaps is recorded as a deferred hedge gain or loss
in
accumulated other comprehensive income and treated as a component of the
anticipated transaction. In the event the anticipated refinancing failed to
occur as expected, the deferred hedge credit or charge would be recognized
immediately in income. Newcastle’s hedges of such refinancing were terminated
upon the consummation of such financing.
Newcastle
has dedesignated certain of its hedge derivatives, and in some cases
redesignated all or a portion thereof as hedges. As a result of these
dedesignations, in the cases where the originally hedged items were still owned
by Newcastle, the unrealized gain or loss was recorded in OCI as a deferred
hedge gain or loss and is being amortized over the life of the hedged item.
Fair
Value Hedges
Any
unrealized gains or losses, as well as net payments received or made, on these
derivative instruments are recorded currently in income, as are any unrealized
gains or losses on the associated hedged items related to changes in interest
rates.
Non-Hedge
Derivatives
With
respect to interest rate swaps and caps that have not been designated as hedges,
any net payments under, or fluctuations in the fair value of, such swaps and
caps has been recognized currently in Other Income.
65
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Classification
Newcastle’s
derivatives are recorded on its balance sheet as follows (excluding the real
estate securities portfolio deposit, which is reported separately):
December
31,
|
|||||||
Derivative
Assets
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|||
Interest
rate caps (A)
|
$
|
1,262
|
$
|
2,145
|
|||
Interest
rate swaps (A)
|
59,551
|
56,829
|
|||||
Total
rate of return swaps
|
1,288
|
3,096
|
|||||
Non-hedge
derivatives (B)
|
783
|
1,764
|
|||||
$
|
62,884
|
$
|
63,834
|
||||
Derivative
Liabilities
|
|||||||
Interest
rate swaps (A)
|
$
|
16,664
|
$
|
15,659
|
|||
Interest
(receivable) payable
|
(92
|
)
|
1,059
|
||||
Non-hedge
derivatives (B)
|
1,143
|
1,674
|
|||||
$
|
17,715
|
$
|
18,392
|
||||
(A)
Treated as hedges
|
|||||||
(B)
Interest rate swaps and caps
|
The
following table summarizes financial information related to derivatives
(excluding the real estate securities portfolio deposit and total rate of return
swaps, which are reported separately) :
December
31,
|
||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||||
Cash
flow hedges
|
||||||||||
Notional
amount
|
||||||||||
Interest
rate cap agreements
|
$
|
334,971
|
$
|
342,351
|
||||||
Interest
rate swap agreements
|
3,937,544
|
2,941,625
|
||||||||
|
||||||||||
Deferred
hedge gain (loss) related to anticipated financings, net
of amortization
|
(1,585
|
)
|
(3,536
|
)
|
||||||
Deferred
hedge gain (loss) related to dedesignation, net
of amortization
|
(2,554
|
)
|
(202
|
)
|
||||||
Expected
reclassification of deferred hedges from AOCI into earnings
over the next 12 months
|
(1,251
|
)
|
(1,002
|
)
|
||||||
|
||||||||||
Fair
value hedges
|
||||||||||
Notional
amount
|
5,575
|
2,127
|
||||||||
Deferred
hedge gain (loss) related to lease payments, net
of amortization
|
-
|
(129
|
)
|
|||||||
|
||||||||||
Non-hedge
Derivatives
|
||||||||||
Notional
amount of interest rate cap and swap agreements
|
147,500
|
166,700
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||
Cash
flow hedges
|
||||||||||
Gain
(loss) on the ineffective portion
|
$
|
49
|
$
|
164
|
$
|
(100
|
)
|
|||
Gain
(loss) immediately recognized at dedesignation
|
|
5,133
|
|
342
|
|
-
|
||||
Fair
value hedges
|
||||||||||
Gain
(loss) on the effective portion (A)
|
|
(333
|
)
|
|
7
|
|
(1
|
)
|
||
Gain
(loss) on the ineffective portion
|
|
(22
|
)
|
|
-
|
|
-
|
|||
Non-hedge
derivatives gain (loss)
|
|
6,178
|
|
976
|
|
-
|
(A)
Offset
by
the unrealized gain (loss) on the associated hedged items which is recognized
in
earnings.
66
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Newcastle’s
derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that its
bank
counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. Newcastle
minimizes such risk by limiting its counterparties to highly rated major
financial institutions with good credit ratings. In addition, the potential
risk
of loss with any one party resulting from this type of credit risk is monitored.
Management does not expect any material losses as a result of default by other
parties. Newcastle does not require collateral; however, Newcastle does call
margin from its counterparties when applicable.
Management
Fees and Incentive Compensation to Affiliate ¾ These
represent amounts due to the Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement.
For
further information on the Management Agreement, see Note 10.
BALANCE
SHEET MEASUREMENT
Investment
in Real Estate Securities ¾
Newcastle has classified its investments in securities as available for sale.
Securities available for sale are carried at market value with the net
unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated
other
comprehensive income. At disposition, the net realized gain or loss is
determined on the basis of the cost of the specific investments and is included
in earnings. Unrealized losses on securities are charged to earnings if they
reflect a decline in value that is other than temporary. A decline in value
is
considered other than temporary if either (a) it is deemed probable that
Newcastle will be unable to collect all amounts
anticipated to be collected at acquisition, or (b) Newcastle does not have
the
ability and intent to hold such investment until a forecasted market price
recovery.
Investment
in Loans ¾
Loans
receivable are presented net of any unamortized discount (or gross of any
unamortized premium), including any fees received, and an allowance for loan
losses. All of Newcastle’s loans receivable are classified as held for
investment.
Investment
in Operating Real Estate ¾ Operating
real estate is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation
is
computed on a straight-line basis. Buildings are depreciated over 40 years.
Major improvements are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful
lives. Fees and costs incurred in the successful negotiation of leases are
deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective
leases. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Newcastle reviews its real estate assets for impairment annually or whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset
may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, which
meet
certain criteria, are reclassified to Real Estate Held for Sale and measured
at
the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less costs of sale. The results
of operations for such an asset, assuming such asset qualifies as a “component
of an entity” as defined, are retroactively reclassified to Income (Loss) from
Discontinued Operations for all periods presented.
Foreign
Currency Investments ¾
Assets
and liabilities relating to foreign investments are translated using exchange
rates as of the end of each reporting period. The results of Newcastle’s foreign
operations are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for each
reporting period. Translation adjustments are included as a component of
accumulated other comprehensive income until realized.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash ¾
Newcastle considers all highly liquid short term investments with maturities
of
90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Substantially all amounts
on deposit with major financial institutions exceed insured limits. Restricted
cash consisted of:
December
31,
|
|
||||||
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||
Held
in CBO structures pending reinvestment (Note 8)
|
$
|
123,886
|
$
|
173,438
|
|||
Total
rate of return swap margin accounts
|
46,760
|
72,427
|
|||||
Bond
sinking funds
|
101
|
9,532
|
|||||
Trustee
accounts
|
10,031
|
9,047
|
|||||
Reserve
accounts
|
1,539
|
2,558
|
|||||
Derivative
margin accounts
|
1,794
|
1,908
|
|||||
Restricted
property operating accounts
|
58
|
-
|
|||||
$
|
184,169
|
$
|
268,910
|
67
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Stock
Options ¾ Newcastle
accounts for stock options granted in accordance with SFAS No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation'' as revised in December 2004 and amended by EITF
Issue No. 96-18 “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than
Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Loans or Services.” The
fair value of the options issued as compensation to the Manager for its
successful efforts in raising capital for Newcastle in 2006, 2005 and 2004
was
recorded as an increase in stockholders’ equity with an offsetting reduction of
capital proceeds received. Options granted to Newcastle’s directors were
accounted for using the fair value method.
Preferred
Stock ¾
In March
2003, Newcastle issued 2.5 million shares ($62.5 million face amount) of its
9.75% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred”)
for net proceeds of approximately $60.1 million. In October 2005, Newcastle
issued 1.6 million shares ($40.0 million face amount) of its 8.05% Series C
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred”) for net
proceeds of approximately $38.5 million. The Series B Preferred and Series
C
Preferred are non-voting, have a $25 per share liquidation preference, no
maturity date and no mandatory redemption. Newcastle has the option to redeem
the Series B Preferred beginning in March 2008 and the Series C Preferred
beginning in October 2010 at their face amount. If the Series C Preferred ceases
to be listed on the NYSE or the AMEX, or quoted on the NASDAQ, and Newcastle
is
not subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, Newcastle has
the
option to redeem the Series C Preferred at their face amount and, during such
time any shares of Series C Preferred are outstanding, the dividend will
increase to 9.05% per annum.
In
connection with the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock and Series C
Preferred Stock, Newcastle incurred approximately $2.4 million and $1.5 million
of costs, respectively, which were netted against the proceeds of such
offerings. If either series of preferred stock were redeemed, the related costs
would be recorded as an adjustment to income available for common stockholders
at that time.
Accretion
of Discount and Other Amortization ¾
As
reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow, this item is comprised
of
the following:
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
||||||
Accretion
of net discount on securities and loans
|
$
|
(27,657
|
)
|
$
|
(13,432
|
)
|
$
|
(4,282
|
)
|
|
Amortization
of net discount on debt obligations
|
7,328
|
4,574
|
4,132
|
|||||||
Amortization
of deferred financing costs and interest rate cap premiums
|
4,434
|
4,417
|
3,979
|
|||||||
Amortization
of net deferred hedge gains and losses - debt
|
401
|
1,587
|
(2,118
|
)
|
||||||
Amortization
of deferred hedge loss - leases
|
129
|
209
|
187
|
|||||||
$
|
(15,365
|
)
|
$
|
(2,645
|
)
|
$
|
1,898
|
Securitization
of Subprime Mortgage Loans ¾
Newcastle’s accounting policy for its securitization of subprime mortgage loans
is disclosed in Note 5.
Accounting
Treatment for Certain Investments Financed with Repurchase Agreements
¾ Newcastle
owned $305.7 million of assets purchased from particular counterparties which
are financed via $243.7 million of repurchase agreements with the same
counterparties at December 31, 2006. Currently, Newcastle records such assets
and the related financings gross on its balance sheet, and the corresponding
interest income and interest expense gross on its income statement. In addition,
if the asset is a security, any change in fair value is reported through other
comprehensive income (since it is considered “available for sale”).
However,
in a transaction where assets are acquired from and financed under a repurchase
agreement with the same counterparty, the acquisition may not qualify as a
sale
from the seller’s perspective; in such cases, the seller may be required to
continue to consolidate the assets sold to Newcastle, based on their “continuing
involvement” with such investments. The result is that Newcastle may be
precluded from presenting the assets gross on its balance sheet as it currently
does, and may instead be required to treat its net investment in such assets
as
a derivative.
If
it is
determined that these transactions should be treated as investments in
derivatives, the interest rate swaps entered into by Newcastle to hedge its
interest rate exposure with respect to these transactions would no longer
qualify for hedge accounting, but would, as the underlying asset transactions,
also be marked to market through the income statement.
68
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
This
potential change in accounting treatment does not affect the economics of the
transactions but does affect how the transactions are reported in Newcastle’s
financial statements. Newcastle’s cash flows, its liquidity and its ability to
pay a dividend would be unchanged, and Newcastle does not believe its taxable
income would be affected. Newcastle’s net income and net equity would not be
materially affected. In addition, this would not affect Newcastle’s status as a
REIT or cause it to fail to qualify for its Investment Company Act exemption.
Management understands that this issue has been submitted to accounting standard
setters for resolution. If Newcastle were to change its current accounting
treatment for these transactions, its total assets and total liabilities would
each be reduced by $244.3 million and $287.9 million at December 31, 2006 and
2005, respectively.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements ¾
In June
2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Interpretation
No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, as interpretation of FASB
Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 requires companies to recognize the tax
benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is “more likely than
not” to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. The tax benefit
recognized is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent
likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN 48 is effective for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The adoption of FIN48 is not
expected to have a material impact on Newcastle’s financial condition or results
of operations.
In
February 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(“SFAS”) No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments”, which
amends SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,”
and SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and
Extinguishments of Liabilities”. SFAS 155 provides, among other things, that (i)
for embedded derivatives which would otherwise be required to be bifurcated
from
their host contracts and accounted for at fair value in accordance with SFAS
133
an entity may make an irrevocable election, on an instrument-by-instrument
basis, to measure the hybrid financial instrument at fair value in its entirety,
with changes in fair value recognized in earnings and (ii) concentrations of
credit risk in the form of subordination are not considered embedded
derivatives. SFAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired,
issued or subject to remeasurement after the beginning of an entity’s first
fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. Upon adoption, differences
between the total carrying amount of the individual components of an existing
bifurcated hybrid financial instrument and the fair value of the combined hybrid
financial instrument should be recognized as a cumulative effect adjustment
to
beginning retained earnings. Prior periods are not restated. The adoption of
SFAS 155 is not expected to have a material impact on Newcastle’s financial
condition or results of operations.
In
December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment”, which
requires all equity-based payments to employees and non-employees to be
recognized using a fair value based method. However, SFAS 123(R) does not change
the measurement method for equity-based payments to non-employees which were
already measured at fair value. On January 1, 2006, Newcastle adopted SFAS
No.
123(R) using the modified prospective method and therefore prior period amounts
will not be restated. The adoption of SFAS 123(R) did not have a material impact
on Newcastle’s financial condition or results of operations.
In
September 2006, the FASB cleared Statement of Position No. 71, “Clarification of
the Scope of the Audit and Accounting Guide Investment
Companies and
Accounting by Parent Companies and Equity Method Investors for Investments
in
Investment Companies” (“SOP 71”) for issuance. SOP 71 addresses whether the
accounting principles of the Audit and Accounting Guide for Investment Companies
may be applied to an entity by clarifying the definition of an investment
company and whether those accounting principles may be retained by a parent
company in consolidation or by an investor in the application of the equity
method of accounting. SOP 71 applies to the later of the (i) reporting periods
beginning on or after December 15, 2007 or (ii) the first permitted early
adoption date of the FASB’s proposed fair value option statement. Newcastle is
currently evaluating the potential impact on adoption of SOP 71.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS
157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and
expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 applies to reporting
periods beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS 157 is not
expected to have a material impact on Newcastle’s financial condition or results
of operations.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” SFAS 159 permits entities to choose
to measure many financial instruments, and certain other items, at fair value.
SFAS 159 applies to reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2007.
Newcastle is currently evaluating the potential impact on adoption of SFAS
159.
69
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
3. |
INFORMATION
REGARDING BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND UNCONSOLIDATED
SUBSIDIARIES
|
Newcastle
conducts its business through three primary segments: real estate securities
and
real estate related loans, residential mortgage loans and operating real estate.
Details of Newcastle’s investments in such segments can be found in Notes 4, 5
and 6.
The
residential mortgage loans segment includes the securitized retained equity
and
bonds from the Securitization Trust described in Note 5 since they represent
a
first loss credit position in residential loans.
The
unallocated portion consists primarily of interest on short term investments,
general and administrative expenses, interest expense on the credit facility
and
junior subordinated notes payable and management fees and incentive compensation
pursuant to the Management Agreement.
Summary
financial data on Newcastle’s segments is given below, together with a
reconciliation to the same data for Newcastle as a whole:
Real
Estate Securities and Real Estate Related Loans
|
|
Residential
Mortgage
Loans
|
|
Operating
Real
Estate
|
|
Unallocated
|
|
Total
|
||||||||
December
31, 2006 and the Year then Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
Gross
revenues
|
$
|
441,965
|
$
|
105,621
|
$
|
5,117
|
$
|
(94
|
)
|
$
|
552,609
|
|||||
Operating
expenses
|
(2,961
|
)
|
(17,844
|
)
|
(4,059
|
)
|
(30,659
|
)
|
(55,523
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
439,004
|
87,777
|
1,058
|
(30,753
|
)
|
497,086
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(296,368
|
)
|
(66,181
|
)
|
-
|
(11,720
|
)
|
(374,269
|
)
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
-
|
-
|
(812
|
)
|
(273
|
)
|
(1,085
|
)
|
||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (A)
|
3,412
|
-
|
2,550
|
6
|
5,968
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
146,048
|
21,596
|
2,796
|
(42,740
|
)
|
127,700
|
||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
-
|
-
|
223
|
-
|
223
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
146,048
|
21,596
|
3,019
|
(42,740
|
)
|
127,923
|
||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(9,314
|
)
|
(9,314
|
)
|
|||||||||
Income
(loss) available for common stockholders
|
$
|
146,048
|
$
|
21,596
|
$
|
3,019
|
$
|
(52,054
|
)
|
$
|
118,609
|
|||||
Revenue
derived from non-US sources:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
3,671
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
3,671
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
7,366,684
|
$
|
1,179,547
|
$
|
48,518
|
$
|
9,643
|
$
|
8,604,392
|
||||||
Long-lived
assets outside the US:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,553
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,553
|
||||||
December
31, 2005 and the Year then Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
Gross
revenues
|
$
|
321,889
|
$
|
48,844
|
$
|
6,772
|
$
|
708
|
$
|
378,213
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(4,163
|
)
|
(10,384
|
)
|
(2,456
|
)
|
(24,885
|
)
|
(41,888
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
317,726
|
38,460
|
4,316
|
(24,177
|
)
|
336,325
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(196,026
|
)
|
(29,754
|
)
|
(251
|
)
|
(415
|
)
|
(226,446
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
-
|
-
|
(528
|
)
|
(113
|
)
|
(641
|
)
|
||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (A)
|
3,328
|
-
|
2,281
|
-
|
5,609
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
125,028
|
8,706
|
5,818
|
(24,705
|
)
|
114,847
|
||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
-
|
-
|
2,108
|
-
|
2,108
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
125,028
|
8,706
|
7,926
|
(24,705
|
)
|
116,955
|
||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(6,684
|
)
|
(6,684
|
)
|
|||||||||
Income
(loss) available for common stockholders
|
$
|
125,028
|
$
|
8,706
|
$
|
7,926
|
$
|
(31,389
|
)
|
$
|
110,271
|
|||||
Revenue
derived from non-US sources:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,157
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,157
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
5,544,818
|
$
|
606,320
|
$
|
36,306
|
$
|
22,255
|
$
|
6,209,699
|
||||||
Long-lived
assets outside the US:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,673
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
16,673
|
70
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Real
Estate Securities and Real Estate Related Loans
|
|
Residential
Mortgage
Loans
|
|
Operating
Real
Estate
|
|
Unallocated
|
|
Total
|
||||||||
December
31, 2004 and the Year then Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
Gross
revenues
|
$
|
225,236
|
$
|
19,135
|
$
|
4,745
|
$
|
553
|
$
|
249,669
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(828
|
)
|
(2,319
|
)
|
(2,678
|
)
|
(22,983
|
)
|
(28,808
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
224,408
|
16,816
|
2,067
|
(22,430
|
)
|
220,861
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(124,930
|
)
|
(10,863
|
)
|
(605
|
)
|
-
|
(136,398
|
)
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
-
|
-
|
(445
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
(451
|
)
|
||||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (A)
|
3,767
|
-
|
6,190
|
-
|
9,957
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
103,245
|
5,953
|
7,207
|
(22,436
|
)
|
93,969
|
||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
-
|
-
|
4,446
|
-
|
4,446
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
103,245
|
5,953
|
11,653
|
(22,436
|
)
|
98,415
|
||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(6,094
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
|||||||||
Income
(loss) available for common stockholders
|
$
|
103,245
|
$
|
5,953
|
$
|
11,653
|
$
|
(28,530
|
)
|
$
|
92,321
|
|||||
Revenue
derived from non-US sources:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
13,203
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
13,203
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
10,602
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
10,602
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
4,136,203
|
$
|
658,643
|
$
|
108,322
|
$
|
29,552
|
$
|
4,932,720
|
||||||
Long-lived
assets outside the US:
|
||||||||||||||||
Canada
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
57,193
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
57,193
|
||||||
Belgium
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,376
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
12,376
|
(A)
Net
of income taxes on related taxable subsidiaries.
71
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Unconsolidated
Subsidiaries
Newcastle
has four unconsolidated subsidiaries which it accounts for under the equity
method.
The
following table summarizes the activity for significant subsidiaries affecting
the equity held by Newcastle in unconsolidated
subsidiaries:
Operating
Real
Estate
|
Real
Estate
Loan
|
||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
17,778
|
$
|
23,452
|
|||
Contributions
to unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Distributions
from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(8,229
|
)
|
(8,978
|
)
|
|||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
2,602
|
3,328
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
12,151
|
$
|
17,802
|
|||
Contributions
to unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Distributions
from unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
(2,173
|
)
|
(11,041
|
)
|
|||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
2,550
|
3,488
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2006
|
$
|
12,528
|
$
|
10,249
|
Summarized
financial information related to Newcastle’s unconsolidated subsidiaries was as
follows:
Operating
Real
Estate (A) (C)
|
Real
Estate Loan (B)
|
||||||||||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
||||||||||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||||||
Assets
|
$
|
78,381
|
$
|
77,758
|
$
|
89,222
|
$
|
20,615
|
$
|
35,806
|
$
|
47,170
|
|||||||
Liabilities
|
(52,856
|
)
|
(53,000
|
)
|
(53,000
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||
Minority
interest
|
(470
|
)
|
(455
|
)
|
(666
|
)
|
(116
|
)
|
(202
|
)
|
(266
|
)
|
|||||||
Equity
|
$
|
25,055
|
$
|
24,303
|
$
|
35,556
|
$
|
20,499
|
$
|
35,604
|
$
|
46,904
|
|||||||
Equity
held by Newcastle
|
$
|
12,528
|
$
|
12,151
|
$
|
17,778
|
$
|
10,249
|
$
|
17,802
|
$
|
23,452
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
8,626
|
$
|
10,196
|
$
|
25,011
|
$
|
7,048
|
$
|
6,738
|
$
|
7,852
|
|||||||
Expenses
|
(3,430
|
)
|
(4,896
|
)
|
(7,159
|
)
|
(32
|
)
|
(42
|
)
|
(111
|
)
|
|||||||
Minority
interest
|
(96
|
)
|
(97
|
)
|
(328
|
)
|
(40
|
)
|
(39
|
)
|
(44
|
)
|
|||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
5,100
|
$
|
5,203
|
$
|
17,524
|
$
|
6,976
|
$
|
6,657
|
$
|
7,697
|
|||||||
Newcastle's
equity in net income
|
$
|
2,550
|
$
|
2,602
|
$
|
8,698
|
$
|
3,488
|
$
|
3,328
|
$
|
3,767
|
The
unconsolidated subsidiaries’ summary financial information above is presented on
a fair value basis, consistent with their internal basis of
accounting.
(A) |
Included
in the operating real estate segment.
|
(B)
|
Included
in the real estate securities and real estate related loans
segment.
|
(C)
|
With
respect to the operating real estate subsidiary, no income was recorded
from the company holding assets available for sale in 2006 and $0.8
million and $7.2 million was derived from holding assets available
for
sale in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The remaining of Newcastle’s equity
in net income was derived from the company holding assets for investment
in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and
2005,
all of the equity held by Newcastle related to the company holding
assets
for investment. This subsidiary is more fully described
below.
|
72
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Operating
Real Estate Subsidiary
In
March
2004 Newcastle purchased a 49% interest in a portfolio of convenience and retail
gas stores located throughout the southeastern and southwestern regions of
the
U.S. The properties are subject to a sale-leaseback arrangement under long
term
triple net leases with a 15 year minimum term. Circle K Stores Inc. (“Tenant”),
an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Alimentation Couche-Tard Inc. (“ACT”), is
the counterparty under the leases. ACT guarantees the obligations of Tenant
under the leases. Newcastle structured this transaction through a joint venture
in two limited liability companies with a private investment fund managed by
an
affiliate of its manager, pursuant to which such affiliate co-invested on equal
terms. One company held assets available for sale, the last of which was sold
in
September 2005, and one holds assets for investment. In October 2004, the
investment’s initial financing was refinanced with a nonrecourse term loan
($52.9 million outstanding at December 31, 2006), which bears interest at a
fixed rate of 6.04%. The required payments under the loan consist of interest
only during the first two years, followed by a 25-year amortization schedule
with a balloon payment due in October 2014. Newcastle has no additional capital
commitment to the limited liability companies.
Real
Estate Loan Subsidiary
In
November 2003, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate
of the Manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 38% interest
in DBNC Peach Manager LLC, a limited liability company that has acquired a
pool
of franchise loans collateralized by fee and leasehold interests and other
assets from a third party financial institution. The remaining approximately
24%
interest in the limited liability company is owned by the above-referenced
third
party financial institution. Newcastle has no additional capital commitment
to
the limited liability company.
Each
of
these limited liability companies is an investment company and therefore
maintains its financial records on a fair value basis. Newcastle has retained
such accounting relative to its investment in such limited liability companies,
which are accounted for under the equity method at fair value.
Trust
Preferred Subsidiary
As
of
December 31, 2006, Newcastle’s investment in the Trust Preferred Subsidiary was
$0.1 million. For Information regarding the trust preferred subsidiary, which
is
a financing subsidiary with no material net income or cash flow, see Note
8.
ABCP
Subsidiary
As
of
December 31, 2006, Newcastle had a deminimus investment in this subsidiary.
For
information regarding the ABCP Subsidiary, which is a financing subsidiary
with
no material net income or net cash flow, see Note 8.
73
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
4. REAL
ESTATE SECURITIES
The
following is a summary of Newcastle’s real estate securities at December 31,
2006 and 2005, all of which are classified as available for sale and are
therefore marked to market through other comprehensive income.
December
31, 2006
Gross
Unrealized
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset
Type
|
Current
Face Amount
|
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
|
Gains
|
|
Losses
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Number
of
Securities
|
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
|
Coupon
|
|
Yield
|
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
||||||||||||
CMBS-Conduit
|
$
|
1,469,298
|
$
|
1,421,069
|
$
|
41,465
|
$
|
(9,745
|
)
|
$
|
1,452,789
|
202
|
BBB
|
5.84%
|
|
6.51%
|
|
6.93
|
|||||||||||||
CMBS-Large
Loan
|
714,617
|
712,655
|
6,991
|
(421
|
)
|
719,225
|
53
|
BBB-
|
6.85%
|
|
7.02%
|
|
2.62
|
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-CDO
|
23,500
|
20,820
|
1,265
|
(127
|
)
|
21,958
|
2
|
BB
|
9.47%
|
|
12.03%
|
|
7.68
|
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-
B-Note
|
282,677
|
270,257
|
6,141
|
(208
|
)
|
276,190
|
41
|
BB
|
6.85%
|
|
7.51%
|
|
6.02
|
||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured
REIT Debt
|
1,004,540
|
1,017,280
|
18,923
|
(11,163
|
)
|
1,025,040
|
101
|
BBB-
|
6.36%
|
|
6.06%
|
|
6.17
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Manufactured
Housing
|
80,839
|
76,347
|
1,744
|
(391
|
)
|
77,700
|
9
|
BBB-
|
6.68%
|
|
7.79%
|
|
6.54
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Home
Equity
|
729,292
|
713,135
|
4,677
|
(7,481
|
)
|
710,331
|
124
|
BBB+
|
7.15%
|
|
7.89%
|
|
2.70
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Franchise
|
76,777
|
76,264
|
1,713
|
(1,270
|
)
|
76,707
|
22
|
BBB
|
7.28%
|
|
8.21%
|
|
4.80
|
||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
1,177,779
|
1,182,946
|
2,144
|
(8,732
|
)
|
1,176,358
|
35
|
AAA
|
5.22%
|
|
5.19%
|
|
4.27
|
||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal/Average
(A)
|
5,559,319
|
5,490,773
|
85,063
|
(39,538
|
)
|
5,536,298
|
589
|
BBB+
|
6.20%
|
|
6.50%
|
|
5.04
|
||||||||||||||||||
Residual
interest (B)
|
44,930
|
44,930
|
-
|
-
|
44,930
|
1
|
NR
|
0.00%
|
|
18.77%
|
|
2.52
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total/Average
|
$
|
5,604,249
|
$
|
5,535,703
|
$
|
85,063
|
$
|
(39,538
|
)
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
590
|
BBB+
|
6.15%
|
|
6.60%
|
|
5.02
|
(A) |
The
total current face amount of fixed rate securities was $4.4 billion,
and
of floating rate securities was $1.2
billion.
|
(B) |
Represents
the equity from the Securitization Trust as described in Note
5. This
security has been treated as part of the
residential mortgage loan segment - see Note 3. The residual
does not have
a stated coupon and therefore its coupon has
been treated as zero for purposes of the
table.
|
Unrealized
losses that are considered other than temporary are recognized currently
in
income. There were no such losses incurred during the years ended December
31,
2006, 2005, or 2004. The unrealized losses on Newcastle’s securities are
primarily the result of market factors, rather than credit impairment,
and
Newcastle believes their carrying values are fully recoverable over their
expected holding period. None of the securities had principal in default
as of
December 31, 2006. Newcastle has performed credit analyses (described in
Note 2)
in relation to such securities which support its belief that the carrying
values
of such securities are fully recoverable over their expected holding period.
Although management expects to hold these securities until their recovery,
there
is no assurance that such securities will not be sold or at what price
they may
be sold.
Gross
Unrealized
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Current
Face Amount
|
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
|
Gains
|
|
Losses
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Number
of
Securities
|
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
|
Coupon
|
|
Yield
|
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
|||||||||||
Securities
in an Unrealized Loss Position
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less
Than Twelve Months
|
$
|
700,782
|
$
|
683,237
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(8,731
|
)
|
$
|
674,506
|
84
|
A-
|
6.55%
|
|
7.28%
|
|
4.11
|
|||||||||||||
Twelve
or More Months
|
1,600,903
|
1,622,047
|
-
|
(30,807
|
)
|
1,591,240
|
185
|
A
|
5.56%
|
|
5.29%
|
|
5.46
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total
|
$
|
2,301,685
|
$
|
2,305,284
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(39,538
|
)
|
$
|
2,265,746
|
269
|
A
|
5.86%
|
|
5.88%
|
|
5.05
|
December
31, 2005
Gross
Unrealized
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset
Type
|
Current
Face Amount
|
|
Amortized
Cost Basis
|
|
Gains
|
|
Losses
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Number
of
Securities
|
|
S&P
Equivalent
Rating
|
|
Coupon
|
|
Yield
|
|
Maturity
(Years)
|
||||||||||||
CMBS-Conduit
|
$
|
1,455,345
|
$
|
1,397,868
|
$
|
26,367
|
$
|
(26,906
|
)
|
$
|
1,397,329
|
197
|
BBB-
|
5.84%
|
|
6.61%
|
|
7.87
|
|||||||||||||
CMBS-Large
Loan
|
578,331
|
575,444
|
9,096
|
(377
|
)
|
584,163
|
61
|
BBB-
|
6.64%
|
|
6.75%
|
|
2.10
|
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-
B-Note
|
180,201
|
176,228
|
4,732
|
(329
|
)
|
180,631
|
32
|
BBB-
|
6.62%
|
|
6.95%
|
|
5.97
|
||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured
REIT Debt
|
916,262
|
931,777
|
20,804
|
(9,835
|
)
|
942,746
|
99
|
BBB-
|
6.34%
|
|
5.96%
|
|
6.95
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Manufactured
Housing
|
178,915
|
162,410
|
2,422
|
(1,766
|
)
|
163,066
|
10
|
A-
|
7.12%
|
|
8.65%
|
|
6.64
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Home
Equity
|
525,004
|
523,363
|
3,429
|
(2,315
|
)
|
524,477
|
89
|
B
|
6.03%
|
|
6.10%
|
|
3.16
|
||||||||||||||||||
ABS-Franchise
|
70,837
|
69,732
|
1,113
|
(1,223
|
)
|
69,622
|
18
|
BBB+
|
6.66%
|
|
8.12%
|
|
5.14
|
||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
697,530
|
700,912
|
145
|
(8,572
|
)
|
692,485
|
19
|
AAA
|
4.76%
|
|
4.67%
|
|
4.90
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total/Average
(A)
|
$
|
4,602,425
|
$
|
4,537,734
|
$
|
68,108
|
$
|
(51,323
|
)
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
525
|
BBB+
|
5.99%
|
|
6.25%
|
|
5.81
|
(A) |
The
total current face amount of fixed rate securities was $3.6 billion,
and
of floating rate securities was $1.0
billion.
|
As
of
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, Newcastle has no loss allowance recorded
on
its real estate securities.
74
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
During
2006 and 2005, Newcastle recorded gross realized gains of approximately $9.2
million and $24.0 million, respectively, and gross realized losses of
approximately $2.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, related to the sale
of real estate securities.
The
securities are encumbered by the CBO bonds payable (Note 8) at December 31,
2006.
As
of
December 31, 2006 and 2005, Newcastle had $123.9 million and $173.4 million
of
restricted cash, respectively, held in CBO financing structures pending its
investment in real estate securities and loans.
Newcastle
may enter into short term warehouse agreements pursuant to which it makes
deposits with major investment banks for the right to purchase commercial
mortgage backed securities, unsecured REIT debt, real estate related loans
and
real estate related asset backed securities prior to their being financed with
CBOs. This type of warehouse agreement is treated as a non-hedge derivative
for
accounting purposes and is therefore marked to market through current income.
The cost to Newcastle if the related CBO is not consummated is limited, except
where the non-consummation results from Newcastle’s gross negligence, willful
misconduct or breach of contract, to payment of the Net Loss, if any, as
defined, up to the related deposit, less any Excess Carry Amount, as defined,
earned on such deposit. No income was recorded in 2006 and the income recorded
on these agreements was approximately $2.4 million and $3.1 million in 2005
and
2004, respectively.
75
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
5. |
REAL
ESTATE RELATED LOANS, RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE LOANS AND SUBPRIME MORTGAGE
LOANS
|
The
following is a summary of real estate related loans, residential mortgage loans
and subprime mortgage loans. The loans contain various terms, including fixed
and floating rates, self-amortizing and interest only. They are generally
subject to prepayment.
December
31,
|
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan
Type
|
Current
Face
Amount
|
Carrying
Value
(D)
|
Loan
Count
|
Wtd.
Avg.
Yield
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
(Years)
(E)
|
Delinquent
Carrying Amount (F)
|
|||||||||||||||||||
B-Notes
|
$
|
248,240
|
$
|
72,173
|
$
|
246,798
|
$
|
72,520
|
9 |
7.98%
|
2.71 |
$
|
-
|
||||||||||||
Mezzanine
Loans (A)
|
906,907 | 302,740 | 904,686 | 302,816 | 22 |
8.61%
|
2.67 | - | |||||||||||||||||
Bank
Loans
|
233,793 | 56,274 | 233,895 | 56,563 | 6 |
7.75%
|
3.92 | - | |||||||||||||||||
Whole
Loans
|
61,240 | 23,082 | 61,703 | 22,364 | 3 |
12.63%
|
1.81 | - | |||||||||||||||||
ICH
Loans (B)
|
123,390 | 165,514 | 121,834 | 161,288 | 70 |
7.77%
|
1.10 | 3,530 | |||||||||||||||||
Total
Real Estate
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Related
Loans
|
$
|
1,573,570
|
$
|
619,783
|
$
|
1,568,916
|
$
|
615,551
|
110 |
8.48%
|
2.71 |
$
|
3,530
|
||||||||||||
Residential
Loans
|
$
|
168,649
|
$
|
326,100
|
$
|
172,839
|
$
|
333,226
|
491 |
6.42%
|
2.79 |
$
|
4,742
|
||||||||||||
Manufactured
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Housing
Loans
|
643,912 | 284,870 | 636,258 | 267,456 | 18,343 |
8.48%
|
6.02 | 8,199 | |||||||||||||||||
Total
Residential
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage
Loans
|
$
|
812,561
|
$
|
610,970
|
$
|
809,097
|
$
|
600,682
|
18,834 |
8.03%
|
5.35 |
$
|
13,571
|
||||||||||||
Subprime
Mortgage loans
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
subject
to Future
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
(C)
|
$
|
299,176
|
$
|
288,202
|
(A) |
One
of these loans has an 8.9 million contractual exit fee which
Newcastle will begin to accrue when management believes it is probable
that such exit fee will be received. These loans are comprised as
follows:
|
$
|
100,000
|
$
|
100,000
|
$
|
100,023
|
$
|
100,052
|
1
|
8.58
|
%
|
1.79
|
||||||||||||||
70,000
|
-
|
70,000
|
-
|
1
|
8.35
|
%
|
1.28
|
||||||||||||||||||
87,500
|
-
|
87,500
|
-
|
1
|
9.59
|
%
|
3.36
|
||||||||||||||||||
108,690
|
-
|
108,518
|
-
|
1
|
8.30
|
%
|
1.80
|
||||||||||||||||||
87,664
|
-
|
87,689
|
-
|
1
|
7.07
|
%
|
9.53
|
||||||||||||||||||
453,053
|
202,740
|
450,956
|
202,764
|
17
|
8.84
|
%
|
1.83
|
||||||||||||||||||
$
|
906,907
|
$
|
302,740
|
$
|
904,686
|
$
|
302,816
|
22
|
8.61
|
%
|
2.67
|
(B) |
In
2003, pursuant to FIN No. 46, Newcastle consolidated an entity which
holds
a portfolio of commercial mortgage loans which has been securitized.
This
investment, which is referred to as ICH, was previously treated as
a
non-consolidated residual interest in such securitization. The primary
effect of the consolidation is the requirement that Newcastle reflect
the
gross loan assets and gross bonds payable of this entity in its financial
statements.
|
(C) |
See
below.
|
(D) |
The
aggregate United States federal income tax basis for such assets
at
December 31, 2006 was approximately equal to their book
basis.
|
(E) |
The
weighted average maturity for the residential loan portfolio and
the
manufactured housing loan portfolio were calculated based on constant
prepayment rates (CPR) of approximately 30% and 9%,
respectively.
|
(F) |
This
face amount of loans is 60 or more days
delinquent.
|
76
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
following is a reconciliation of loss allowance:
Real
Estate
Related
Loans
|
|
Residential
Mortgage Loans
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
(2,473
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
||
Provision
for credit losses
|
(2,852
|
)
|
(5,568
|
)
|
|||
Realized
losses
|
1,099
|
2,361
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
(4,226
|
)
|
$
|
(3,207
|
)
|
|
Provision
for credit losses
|
(1,154
|
)
|
(8,284
|
)
|
|||
Realized
losses
|
3,230
|
4,235
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2006
|
$
|
(2,150
|
)
|
$
|
(7,256
|
)
|
Newcastle
has entered into total rate of return swaps with major investment banks to
finance certain loans whereby Newcastle receives the sum of all interest, fees
and any positive change in value amounts (the total return cash flows) from
a
reference asset with a specified notional amount, and pays interest on such
notional plus any negative change in value amounts from such asset. These
agreements are recorded in Derivative Assets and treated as non-hedge
derivatives for accounting purposes and are therefore marked to market through
income. Net interest received is recorded to Interest Income and the mark to
market is recorded to Other Income. If Newcastle owned the reference assets
directly, they would not be marked to market. Under the agreements, Newcastle
is
required to post an initial margin deposit to an interest bearing account and
additional margin may be payable in the event of a decline in value of the
reference asset. Any margin on deposit (recorded in Restricted Cash), less
any
negative change in value amounts, will be returned to Newcastle upon termination
of the contract.
As
of
December 31, 2006, Newcastle held an aggregate of $299.7 million notional amount
of total rate of return swaps on 8 reference assets on which it had deposited
$46.8 million of margin. These total rate of return swaps had an aggregate
fair
value of approximately $1.3 million, a weighted average receive interest rate
of
LIBOR + 2.59%, a weighted average pay interest rate of LIBOR + 0.63%, and a
weighted average swap maturity of 1.5 years.
The
average carrying amount of Newcastle’s real estate related loans was
approximately $995.8 million, $594.1 million and $486.2 million during 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively, on which Newcastle earned approximately $67.3
million, $54.7 million and $36.7 million of gross revenues,
respectively.
The
average carrying amount of Newcastle’s residential mortgage loans was
approximately $783.2 million, $764.2 million and $637.4 million during 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively, on which Newcastle earned approximately $105.6
million, $48.8 million and $19.1 million of gross revenues,
respectively.
The
loans
are encumbered by various debt obligations as described in Note 8.
Real
estate owned (“REO”) as a result of foreclosure on loans is included in
Receivables and Other Assets, and is recorded at the lower of cost or fair
value. No material REO was owned as of December 31, 2006 or 2005.
Securitization
of Subprime Mortgage Loans
In
March
2006, Newcastle, through a consolidated subsidiary, acquired a portfolio of
approximately 11,300 residential mortgage loans to subprime borrowers (the
“Subprime Portfolio”) for $1.50 billion. The loans are being serviced by
Nationstar Mortgage, LLC (formerly known as Centex Home Equity Company, LLC)
for
a servicing fee equal to 0.50% per annum on the unpaid principal balance of
the
Subprime Portfolio. At March 31, 2006, these loans were considered “held for
sale” and carried at the lower of cost or fair value. A write down of $4.1
million was recorded to Provision for Losses, Loans Held for Sale in March
2006
related to these loans, related to market factors. Furthermore, the acquisition
of loans held for sale is considered an operating activity for statement of
cash
flow purposes. An offsetting cash inflow from the sale of such loans (as
described below) was recorded as an operating cash flow in April 2006. This
acquisition was initially funded with an approximately $1.47 billion repurchase
agreement which bore interest at LIBOR + 0.50%. Newcastle entered into an
interest rate swap in order to hedge its exposure to the risk of changes in
market interest rates with respect to the financing of the Subprime Portfolio.
This swap did not qualify as a hedge for accounting purposes and was therefore
marked to market through income. An unrealized mark to market gain of $5.5
million was recorded to Other Income in connection with this swap in March
2006.
77
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
In
April
2006, Newcastle, through Newcastle Mortgage Securities Trust 2006-1 (the
“Securitization Trust”), closed on a securitization of the Subprime Portfolio.
The Securitization Trust is not consolidated by Newcastle. Newcastle sold the
Subprime Portfolio and the related interest rate swap to the Securitization
Trust. The Securitization Trust issued $1.45 billion of debt (the “Notes”).
Newcastle retained $37.6 million face amount of the low investment grade Notes
and all of the equity issued by the Securitization Trust. The Notes have a
stated maturity of March 25, 2036. Newcastle, as holder of the equity of the
Securitization Trust, has the option to redeem the Notes once the aggregate
principal balance of the Subprime Portfolio is equal to or less than 20% of
such
balance at the date of the transfer. The proceeds from the securitization were
used to repay the repurchase agreement described above.
The
transaction between Newcastle and the Securitization Trust qualified as a sale
for accounting purposes, resulting in a net gain of approximately $40,000 being
recorded in April 2006. However, 20% of the loans which are subject to future
repurchase by Newcastle were not treated as being sold and are classified as
“held for investment” subsequent to the completion of the securitization.
Following the securitization, Newcastle held the following interests in the
Subprime Portfolio, all valued at the date of securitization: (i) the $62.4
million equity of the Securitization Trust, recorded in Real Estate Securities,
Available for Sale, (ii) the $33.7 million of retained bonds ($37.6 million
face
amount), recorded in Real Estate Securities, Available for Sale, which have
been
financed with a $28.0 million repurchase agreement, and (iii) subprime mortgage
loans subject to future repurchase of $286.3 million and related financing
in
the amount of 100% of such loans.
The
key
assumptions utilized in measuring the $62.4 million fair value of the equity,
or
residual interest, in the Securitization Trust at the date of securitization
were as follows:
Weighted
average life (years) of residual interest
|
3.1
|
|||
Expected
credit losses
|
5.3%
|
|||
Weighted
average constant prepayment rate
|
28.0%
|
|||
Discount
rate
|
18.8%
|
The
following table presents information on the retained interests in the
securitization of the Subprime Portfolio, which include the residual interest
and the retained bonds described above, and the sensitivity of their fair value
to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in the assumptions utilized in
calculating such fair value, at December 31, 2006:
Total
securitized loans (unpaid principal balance)
|
$
|
1,192,763
|
||
Loans
subject to future repurchase (carrying value)
|
$
|
288,202
|
||
Retained
interests (fair value)
|
$
|
79,105
|
||
Weighted
average life (years) of residual interest
|
2.52
|
|||
Expected
credit losses
|
5.1%
|
|
||
Effect
on fair value of retained interests of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,160
|
)
|
|
Effect
on fair value of retained interests of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(5,460
|
)
|
|
Weighted
average constant prepayment rate
|
31.0%
|
|
||
Effect
on fair value of retained interests of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,806
|
)
|
|
Effect
on fair value of retained interests of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,435
|
)
|
|
Discount
rate
|
18.8%
|
|
||
Effect
on fair value of retained interests of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(2,175
|
)
|
|
Effect
on fair value of retained interests of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(4,272
|
)
|
78
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
sensitivity analysis is hypothetical and should be used with caution. In
particular, the results are calculated by stressing a particular economic
assumption independent of changes in any other assumption; in practice, changes
in one factor may result in changes in another, which might counteract or
amplify the sensitivities. Also, changes in the fair value based on a 10% or
20%
variation in an assumption generally may not be extrapolated because the
relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in fair value may
not
be linear.
The
following table summarizes principal amounts outstanding and delinquencies
of
the securitized loans as of December 31, 2006 and net credit losses for the
period then ended:
Loan
unpaid principal balance (UPB)
|
$
|
1,192,763
|
||
Delinquencies
of 60 or more days (UPB)
|
$
|
52,281
|
||
Net
credit losses
|
$
|
57
|
Newcastle
received net proceeds of $1.41 billion from the securitization transaction
completed in April 2006 and net cash inflows of $27.4 million from the retained
interests subsequent to the securitization in 2006.
The
weighted average yield of the retained bonds was 11.04% and the weighted average
funding cost of the related repurchase agreement was 5.80% as of December 31,
2006. The loans subject to future repurchase and the corresponding financing
recognize interest income and expense based on the expected weighted average
coupon of the loans subject to future repurchase at the call date of 9.24%.
79
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
6. |
OPERATING
REAL ESTATE
|
The
following is a reconciliation of operating real estate assets and accumulated
depreciation:
Operating
Real Estate
|
Gross
|
|
Accumulated
Depreciation
|
|
Net
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
65,691
|
$
|
(8,498
|
)
|
$
|
57,193
|
|||
Improvements
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(422
|
)
|
(28
|
)
|
(450
|
)
|
||||
Depreciation
|
-
|
(704
|
)
|
(704
|
)
|
|||||
Transferred
to Real Estate Held for Sale
|
(45,060
|
)
|
5,694
|
(39,366
|
)
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
$
|
20,209
|
$
|
(3,536
|
)
|
$
|
16,673
|
|||
Foreclosed
loans
|
12,486
|
-
|
12,486
|
|||||||
Improvements
|
1,301
|
-
|
1,301
|
|||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(32
|
)
|
7
|
(25
|
)
|
|||||
Fully
depreciated assets
|
(150
|
)
|
150
|
-
|
||||||
Depreciation
|
-
|
(809
|
)
|
(809
|
)
|
|||||
Balance
at December 31, 2006
|
$
|
33,814
|
$
|
(4,188
|
)
|
$
|
29,626
|
|||
Real
Estate Held for Sale
|
||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
$
|
12,376
|
||||||||
Improvements
|
182
|
|||||||||
Foreign
currency translation
|
(1,620
|
)
|
||||||||
Sold
|
(50,304
|
)
|
||||||||
Transferred
from Operating Real Estate
|
39,366
|
|||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005 and 2006
|
$
|
-
|
80
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
During
the periods presented, Newcastle’s operating real estate was comprised of
Canadian properties, Belgian properties, foreclosed domestic properties and
an
investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary which owns domestic
properties.
The
following is a schedule of the future minimum rental payments to be received
under non-cancelable operating leases:
2007
|
$
|
3,084
|
||
2008
|
2,300
|
|||
2009
|
2,116
|
|||
2010
|
1,954
|
|||
2011
|
1,751
|
|||
$
|
11,205
|
In
June
2004, Newcastle consummated the sale of five properties in Belgian. These
properties had been classified as held for sale since December 2003. Newcastle
recognized a $1.5 million loss on this sale in December 2003. In addition,
Newcastle recognized a $1.1 million loss in 2004, primarily related to the
prepayment of the debt on such properties.
In
December 2004, Newcastle sold two properties in the Belgian portfolio at a
gain
of approximately $5.3 million, net of $2.6 million of prepayment penalties
on
the related debt.
In
March
2005, Newcastle closed on the sale of a property in the Canadian portfolio
and
recorded a gain of approximately $0.4 million, net of $0.9 million of prepayment
penalties on the related debt.
In
June
2005, Newcastle closed on the sale of a property in the Canadian portfolio
and
recorded a gain (net of Canadian taxes) of approximately $0.9 million, net
of
$2.1 million of prepayment penalties on the related debt.
In
June
2005, Newcastle closed on the sale of the last property in the Belgian portfolio
and recorded a loss of approximately $0.7 million.
Pursuant
to SFAS No. 144, Newcastle has retroactively recorded the operations, including
the gain or loss, of all sold or “held for sale” properties in Income from
Discontinued Operations for all periods presented.
The
following table summarizes the financial information for the discontinued
operations:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2006
|
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||||
Interest
and other income
|
$
|
18
|
$
|
4,744
|
$
|
15,301
|
||||
Net
gain on sale
|
419
|
780
|
3,778
|
|||||||
Gross
revenues
|
437
|
5,524
|
19,079
|
|||||||
Interest
expense
|
-
|
804
|
5,885
|
|||||||
Other
expenses
|
214
|
2,612
|
8,748
|
|||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
223
|
$
|
2,108
|
$
|
4,446
|
No
income
tax related to discontinued operations was recorded for the years ended December
31, 2006, 2005 or 2004.
81
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
following table sets forth certain information regarding the operating real
estate portfolio:
Type
of Property
|
|
Location
|
|
Net
Rentable
Sq.
Ft. (A)
|
|
Acquisition
Date
|
|
Year
Built/
Renovated
(A)
|
|
Canada
Portfolio
|
|||||||||
Office
Building
|
London,
ON
|
312,874
|
Oct
98
|
1982
|
|||||
|
|||||||||
Ohio
Portfolio
|
|||||||||
Office
Building
|
Beavercreek,
OH
|
54,927
|
Mar
06
|
1986
|
|||||
Office
Building
|
Beavercreek,
OH
|
29,916
|
Mar
06
|
1986
|
|||||
Office
Building
|
Beavercreek,
OH
|
45,299
|
Mar
06
|
1986
|
|||||
Retail
|
Dayton,
OH
|
33,485
|
Mar
06
|
1989
|
|||||
Office
Building
|
Vandalia,
OH
|
46,614
|
Mar
06
|
1987
|
|||||
Office
Building
|
Dayton,
OH
|
42,286
|
Mar
06
|
1985
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio
|
Initial
Cost (B)
|
Costs
Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (B)
|
|
Gross
Carrying Amount
|
|
Accumulated
Depreciation
|
|
Net
Carrying
Value
(C)
|
|
Occupancy
(A)
|
|||||||||
Canada
Portfolio
|
$
|
19,758
|
$
|
688
|
$
|
20,446
|
$
|
(3,893
|
)
|
$
|
16,553
|
60.6%
|
|
||||||
Ohio
Portfolio
|
12,486
|
882
|
13,368
|
(295
|
)
|
13,073
|
59.1%
|
|
No
encumbrances were recorded as of December 31, 2006.
(A) |
Unaudited.
|
(B) |
For
the Canada portfolio, adjusted for changes in foreign currency
exchange
rates, which aggregated $0.0 million of
gain and $0.7 million of gain between land, building and improvements
in
2006 and 2005, respectively and net of
fully depreciated assets of $0.2
million.
|
(C)
|
The
aggregate United States federal income tax basis for such assets
at
December 31, 2006 was equal to its net carrying
value.
|
82
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
7. |
FAIR
VALUE OF FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS
|
Fair
values for a majority of Newcastle’s investments are readily obtainable through
broker quotations. For certain of Newcastle’s financial instruments, fair values
are not readily available since there are no active trading markets as
characterized by current exchanges between willing parties. Accordingly, fair
values can only be derived or estimated for these instruments using various
valuation techniques, such as computing the present value of estimated future
cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However,
the determination of estimated future cash flows is inherently subjective and
imprecise. It should be noted that minor changes in assumptions or estimation
methodologies can have a material effect on these derived or estimated fair
values, and that the fair values reflected below are indicative of the interest
rate and credit spread environments as of December 31, 2006 and do not take
into
consideration the effects of subsequent interest rate or credit spread
fluctuations.
The
carrying values and estimated fair values of Newcastle's financial instruments
at December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:
Carrying
Value
|
Principal
Balance or Notional Amount
|
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
December
31,
|
|
December
31,
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
Assets:
|
||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities, available for sale
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
$
|
5,604,249
|
$
|
5,581,228
|
$
|
4,554,519
|
||||||
Real
estate related loans
|
1,568,916
|
615,551
|
1,573,570
|
1,571,412
|
615,865
|
|||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
809,097
|
600,682
|
812,561
|
829,980
|
609,486
|
|||||||||||
Subprime
mortgage loans subject to future repurchase
|
288,202
|
-
|
299,176
|
288,202
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Interest
rate caps, treated as hedges (A)
|
1,262
|
2,145
|
334,971
|
1,262
|
2,145
|
|||||||||||
Total
return swaps (A)
|
1,288
|
3,096
|
299,654
|
1,288
|
3,096
|
|||||||||||
Liabilities:
|
||||||||||||||||
CBO
bonds payable
|
4,313,824
|
3,530,384
|
4,340,166
|
4,369,540
|
3,594,638
|
|||||||||||
Other
bonds payable
|
675,844
|
353,330
|
679,891
|
676,512
|
356,294
|
|||||||||||
Notes
payable
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
128,866
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
|||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
760,346
|
1,048,203
|
760,346
|
760,346
|
1,048,203
|
|||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements subject to ABCP
|
1,143,749
|
-
|
1,143,749
|
1,143,749
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Financing
of subprime mortgage loans subject to
|
||||||||||||||||
future
repurchase
|
288,202
|
-
|
299,176
|
288,202
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Credit
facility
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
93,800
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
|||||||||||
Junior
subordinated notes payable
|
100,100
|
-
|
100,100
|
101,629
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Interest
rate swaps, treated as hedges (B)
|
(42,887
|
)
|
(41,170
|
)
|
3,943,120
|
(42,887
|
)
|
(41,170
|
)
|
|||||||
Non-hedge
derivative obligations (C)
|
360
|
90
|
See
below
|
360
|
90
|
(A) |
Included
in Derivative Assets. The longest cap maturity is October 2015.
The
longest total rate of return swap maturity is December
2008.
|
(B) |
Included
in Derivative Assets or Liabilities, as applicable. A positive
number
represents a liabilty. The longest swap maturity is June
2016.
|
(C) |
Included
in Derivative Assets or Liabilities, as applicable. A positive
number
represents a liabilty. The longest maturity is July 2038.
|
83
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
methodologies used and key assumptions made to estimate fair value are as
follows:
Real
Estate Securities, Available for Sale ¾ The
fair
value of these securities is estimated by obtaining third party broker
quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
Real
Estate Related Loans ¾
The ICH
loans were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by the loans’
effective rate at acquisition. The rest of the loans were valued by obtaining
third party broker quotations, if available and practicable, and counterparty
quotations.
Residential
Mortgage Loans ¾
This
aggregate portfolio of residential loans consists of a portfolio of floating
rate residential mortgage loans as well as two portfolios of substantially
fixed
rate manufactured housing loans. These loans were valued by reference to current
market interest rates and credit spreads.
Subprime
Mortgage Loans Subject to Future Repurchase and related
Financing—These
two items, related to the securitization of subprime mortgage loans, are equal
and offsetting. They are further described in Note 5.
Interest
Rate Cap and Swap Agreements, Total Rate of Return Swaps and Non-Hedge
Derivative Obligations ¾
The fair
value of these agreements is estimated by obtaining counterparty quotations.
The
total rate of return swaps are more fully described in Note 5.
CBO
Bonds Payable ¾
These
bonds were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated
based on current market conditions for comparable financial instruments,
including market interest rates and credit spreads.
Other
Bonds Payable ¾ The
ICH
bonds were valued by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated
based on current market conditions for comparable financial instruments,
including market interest rates and credit spreads. The manufactured housing
loan bonds were valued by reference to current market interest rates and credit
spreads.
Notes
Payable ¾
The
residential mortgage loan financing was valued by reference to current market
interest rates and credit spreads.
Repurchase
Agreements ¾
These
agreements bear floating rates of interest, which reset monthly or quarterly
to
a market credit spread, and Newcastle believes that, for similar financial
instruments with comparable credit risks, the effective rates approximate market
rates. Accordingly, the carrying amounts outstanding are believed to approximate
fair value.
Credit
facility ¾
This
facility was valued at par because management believes it could currently enter
into a similar arrangement under similar terms.
Junior
Subordinated Notes Payable—
These
notes were values by discounting expected future cash flows by a rate calculated
based on current market conditions for comparable financial instruments,
including market interest rates and credit spreads. The credit spread used
was
obtained from a broker quotation.
84
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
8. |
DEBT
OBLIGATIONS
|
The
following table presents certain information regarding Newcastle’s debt
obligations and related hedges:
Debt
Obligation/ Collateral
|
Month
Issued
|
Current
Face Amount
|
Carrying
Value
|
Unhedged
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
|
Final
Stated Maturity
|
Weighted
Average
Funding
Cost
(1)
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating
Rate
Debt
|
Collateral
Carrying
Value
|
Collateral
Weighted Average Maturity
(Years)
|
Face
Amount
of
Floating
Rate Collateral
|
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
of
Current
Hedges
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CBO
Bonds \Payable
|
2006
|
2005
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Jul
1999
|
$
|
398,366
|
$
|
426,653
|
$
|
395,646
|
$
|
423,191
|
6.94%
(2)
|
|
Jul
2038
|
5.50%
|
|
1.99
|
$
|
303,366
|
$
|
544,469
|
4.06
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
255,352
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2002
|
444,000
|
444,000
|
441,660
|
441,054
|
6.42%
(2)
|
|
Apr
2037
|
6.78%
|
|
3.45
|
372,000
|
498,754
|
5.15
|
59,612
|
296,000
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2003
|
472,000
|
472,000
|
468,944
|
468,413
|
6.23%
(2)
|
|
Mar
2038
|
5.35%
|
|
5.30
|
427,800
|
515,335
|
4.56
|
128,600
|
285,060
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2003
|
460,000
|
460,000
|
456,250
|
455,657
|
6.08%
(2)
|
|
Sep
2038
|
5.88%
|
|
5.85
|
442,500
|
505,450
|
4.28
|
151,677
|
207,500
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Mar
2004
|
414,000
|
414,000
|
411,014
|
410,511
|
5.93%
(2)
|
|
Mar
2039
|
5.38%
|
|
5.61
|
382,750
|
446,749
|
4.76
|
174,192
|
177,300
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Sep
2004
|
454,500
|
454,500
|
451,137
|
450,639
|
5.91%
(2)
|
|
Sep
2039
|
5.49%
|
|
6.19
|
442,500
|
499,389
|
5.08
|
227,898
|
209,202
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Apr
2005
|
447,000
|
447,000
|
442,870
|
442,379
|
5.81%
(2)
|
|
Apr
2040
|
5.53%
|
|
7.16
|
439,600
|
491,398
|
5.82
|
195,186
|
242,990
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Dec
2005
|
442,800
|
442,800
|
438,894
|
438,540
|
5.85%
(2)
|
|
Dec
2050
|
5.57%
|
|
8.48
|
436,800
|
512,249
|
7.23
|
115,491
|
341,506
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities and loans
|
Nov
2006
|
807,500
|
-
|
807,409
|
-
|
5.98%
(2)
|
|
Nov
2052
|
5.92%
|
|
7.06
|
799,900
|
930,293
|
4.69
|
672,217
|
153,655
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4,340,166
|
3,560,953
|
4,313,824
|
3,530,384
|
|
|
5.73%
|
|
5.83
|
4,047,216
|
4,944,086
|
5.05
|
1,724,873
|
2,168,565
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other
Bonds Payable
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ICH
loans (3)
|
(3)
|
|
101,925
|
141,311
|
101,925
|
141,311
|
6.78%
(2)
|
|
Aug
2030
|
6.78%
|
|
1.04
|
1,986
|
121,834
|
1.10
|
1,986
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans
|
Jan
2006
|
213,172
|
212,019
|
211,738
|
212,019
|
LIBOR
+1.25%
|
|
Jan
2009
|
6.14%
|
|
1.46
|
213,172
|
237,133
|
6.26
|
4,977
|
204,617
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured
housing loans
|
Aug
2006
|
364,794
|
-
|
362,181
|
-
|
LIBOR
+1.25%
|
|
Aug
2011
|
6.87%
|
|
3.07
|
364,794
|
399,125
|
5.87
|
73,973
|
370,466
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
679,891
|
353,330
|
675,844
|
353,330
|
|
|
6.63%
|
|
2.26
|
579,952
|
758,092
|
5.23
|
80,936
|
575,083
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes
Payable
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans (4)
|
Nov
2004
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
128,866
|
260,441
|
LIBOR+0.16%
|
|
Nov
2007
|
5.68%
|
|
0.74
|
128,866
|
145,819
|
2.79
|
142,301
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements (4) (8)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate securities
|
Rolling
|
181,059
|
149,546
|
181,059
|
149,546
|
LIBOR
+ 0.41%
|
|
Jan
2007
|
5.62%
|
|
0.08
|
181,059
|
207,374
|
4.60
|
101,380
|
92,457
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real
estate related loans
|
Rolling
|
553,944
|
185,278
|
553,944
|
185,278
|
LIBOR
+ 0.69%
|
|
Jan
2007
|
6.02%
|
|
0.08
|
553,944
|
718,989
|
2.21
|
696,174
|
19,630
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential
mortgage loans
|
Rolling
|
25,343
|
41,853
|
25,343
|
41,853
|
LIBOR
+ 0.43%
|
|
Mar
2007
|
5.79%
|
|
0.23
|
25,343
|
27,020
|
2.81
|
26,347
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
760,346
|
376,677
|
760,346
|
376,677
|
|
|
5.92%
|
|
0.08
|
760,346
|
953,383
|
2.77
|
823,901
|
112,087
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements subject to ABCP facility (7)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
Dec
2006
|
1,143,749
|
671,526
|
1,143,749
|
671,526
|
5.41%
|
|
Jan
2007
|
4.97%
|
|
0.08
|
1,143,749
|
1,176,358
|
4.27
|
-
|
1,087,385
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit
facility (5)
|
May
2006
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
93,800
|
20,000
|
LIBOR
+ 1.75%
|
|
Nov
2007
|
7.08%
|
|
0.85
|
93,800
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Junior
subordinated notes payable
|
Mar
2006
|
100,100
|
-
|
100,100
|
-
|
7.80%
(6)
|
|
Apr
2036
|
7.72%
|
|
29.25
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal
debt obligations
|
7,246,918
|
5,242,927
|
7,216,529
|
5,212,358
|
|
|
5.76%
|
|
4.15
|
$
|
6,753,929
|
$
|
7,977,738
|
4.63
|
$
|
2,772,011
|
$
|
3,943,120
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financing
on subprime mortgage loans subject to future
repurchase (3)
|
Apr
2006
|
299,176
|
-
|
288,202
|
-
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt obligations
|
$
|
7,546,094
|
$
|
5,242,927
|
$
|
7,504,731
|
$
|
5,212,358
|
|
(1) |
Including
the effect of applicable hedges.
|
(2) |
Weighted
average, including floating and fixed rate
classes.
|
(3) |
See
Note 5.
|
(4) |
Subject
to potential mandatory prepayments based on collateral
value.
|
(5) |
A
maximum of $200 million can be
drawn.
|
(6) |
LIBOR
+ 2.25% after April 2016.
|
(7) |
ABCP
means asset backed commercial paper. See
below.
|
(8) |
The
counterparties on our repurchase agreements include: Bear Stearns
Mortgage
Capital Corporation ($270.6 million), Credit Suisse ($216.2 million),
Deutsche Bank AG ($181.7 million) and other ($91.8
million).
|
Certain
of the debt obligations included above are obligations of consolidated
subsidiaries of Newcastle which own the related collateral. In some cases,
including the CBO and Other Bonds Payable, such collateral
is not available to other creditors of Newcastle.
85
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
CBO
Bonds Payable
In
connection with the sale of two classes of CBO bonds in our first CBO, Newcastle
entered into two interest rate swaps and three interest rate cap agreements
that
do not qualify for hedge accounting.
Two
classes of separately issued CBO bonds, with an aggregate $718.0 million face
amount, were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related agreements
whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis. $395.0 million
of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect to the timely
payment of interest and principal thereon.
Junior
Subordinated Notes Payable
In
March
2006, Newcastle completed the placement of $100 million of trust preferred
securities through its wholly owned subsidiary, Newcastle Trust I (the
“Preferred Trust”). Newcastle owns all of the common stock of the Preferred
Trust. The Preferred Trust used the proceeds to purchase $100.1 million of
Newcastle’s junior subordinated notes. These notes represent all of the
Preferred Trust’s assets. The terms of the junior subordinated notes are
substantially the same as the terms of the trust preferred securities. The
trust
preferred securities mature in April 2036, but may be redeemed at par beginning
in April 2011. Under the provisions of FIN 46R, Newcastle determined that the
holders of the trust preferred securities were the primary beneficiaries of
the
Preferred Trust. As a result, Newcastle did not consolidate the Preferred Trust
and has reflected the obligation to the Preferred Trust under the caption Junior
Subordinated Notes Payable in its consolidated balance sheet and will account
for its investment in the common stock of the Preferred Trust, which is
reflected in Investments in Unconsolidated Subsidiaries in the consolidated
balance sheet, under the equity method of accounting (Note 3).
Credit
Facility
In
May
2006, Newcastle entered into a new revolving credit facility, secured by
substantially all of its unencumbered assets and its equity interests in its
subsidiaries. Newcastle paid an upfront fee of 0.25% of the total commitment.
The credit facility does not contain any unused fees. Newcastle simultaneously
terminated its prior credit facility and recorded a loss of $0.7 million related
to deferred financing costs, included in Gain on Sale of Investments,
Net.
Repurchase
Agreements Subject to ABCP Facility
In
December 2006, Newcastle closed a $2 billion asset backed commercial paper
(ABCP) facility through its wholly owned subsidiary, Windsor Funding Trust.
This
facility provides Newcastle with the ability to finance its agency residential
mortgage backed securities (RMBS) and AAA-rated MBS by issuing secured liquidity
notes that are rated A-1+, P-1 and F-1+, by Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and
Fitch respectively, and have maturities of up to 250 days. The facility also
permits the issuance of subordinated notes rated at least BBB/Baa by Standard
& Poor’s, Moody’s or Fitch. As of December 31, 2006, Windsor Trust Funding
had approximately $1.1 billion of secured liquidity notes and $8.3 million
of
subordinated notes issued and outstanding. The weighted average maturities
of
the secured liquidity notes and the subordinated notes were 0.12 years and
5
years, respectively. Newcastle owns all of the trust certificates of the Windsor
Funding Trust. Windsor Funding Trust used the proceeds of the issuance to enter
into a repurchase agreement with Newcastle to purchase interests in Newcastle’s
agency RMBS. The repurchase agreements represent Windsor Funding Trust’s only
asset. The interest rate on the repurchase agreement is effectively the weighted
average interest rate on the secured liquidity notes and subordinated notes.
Under the provisions of FIN 46R, Newcastle determined that the noteholders
were
the primary beneficiaries of the Windsor Funding Trust. As a result, Newcastle
did not consolidate the Windsor Funding Trust and has reflected its obligation
pursuant to the asset backed commercial paper facility under the caption
Repurchase Agreements subject to ABCP Facility.
86
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Maturity
Table
Newcastle’s
debt obligations (gross of $41.4 million of discounts at December 31, 2006)
have
contractual maturities as follows:
2007
|
$
|
2,126,761
|
||
2008
|
-
|
|||
2009
|
213,172
|
|||
2010
|
-
|
|||
2011
|
364,794
|
|||
Thereafter
|
4,841,367
|
|||
$
|
7,546,094
|
87
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
9. |
STOCK
OPTION PLAN AND EARNINGS PER
SHARE
|
Newcastle
is required to present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”). Basic
EPS is calculated by dividing net income available for common stockholders
by
the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each
period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income available for common
stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding plus the additional dilutive effect of common stock equivalents
during each period. Newcastle’s common stock equivalents are its stock options.
During 2006, 2005 and 2004, based on the treasury stock method, Newcastle had
148,538, 314,125 and 614,038 dilutive common stock equivalents, respectively,
resulting from its outstanding options. Net income available for common
stockholders is equal to net income less preferred dividends.
In
June
2002, Newcastle (with the approval of the board of directors) adopted a
nonqualified stock option and incentive award plan (the "Newcastle Option
Plan'') for officers, directors, consultants and advisors, including the Manager
and its employees. The maximum available for issuance is equal to 10% of the
number of outstanding equity interests of Newcastle, subject to a maximum of
10,000,000 shares in the aggregate over the term of the plan.
Upon
joining the board, the non-employee directors have been, in accordance with
the
Newcastle Option Plan, automatically granted options to acquire an aggregate
of
18,000 shares of common stock. The fair value of such options was not material
at the date of grant.
Through
December 31, 2006, for the purpose of compensating the Manager for its
successful efforts in raising capital for Newcastle, the Manager has been
granted options representing the right to acquire 2,825,727 shares of common
stock, with strike prices subject to adjustment as necessary to preserve the
value of such options in connection with the occurrence of certain events
(including capital dividends and capital distributions made by Newcastle).
The
Manager options represented an amount equal to 10% of the shares of common
stock
of Newcastle sold in its public offerings and the value of such options was
recorded as an increase in stockholders’ equity with an offsetting reduction of
capital proceeds received. The options granted to the Manager, which may be
assigned by the Manager to its employees, were fully vested on the date of
grant
and one thirtieth of the options become exercisable on the first day of each
of
the following thirty calendar months, or earlier upon the occurrence of certain
events, such as
a
change in control of Newcastle
or the termination of the Management Agreement. The options expire ten years
from the date of issuance.
88
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
The
following table summarizes our outstanding options at December 31, 2006. Note
that the last sales price on the New York Stock Exchange for our common stock
in
the year ended December 31, 2006 was $31.32.
Recipient
|
|
Date
of
Grant/Exercise
|
|
Number
of
Options
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
Fair
Value At Grant
Date
(Millions)
|
Directors
|
Various
|
18,000
|
$17.38
|
Not
Material
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
October
2002
|
700,000
|
$13.00
|
$0.4
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
July
2003
|
460,000
|
$20.35
|
$0.8
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
December
2003
|
328,227
|
$22.85
|
$0.4
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
January
2004
|
330,000
|
$26.30
|
$0.6
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
May
2004
|
345,000
|
$25.75
|
$0.5
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
November
2004
|
162,500
|
$31.40
|
$0.5
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
January
2005
|
330,000
|
$29.60
|
$1.1
(A)
|
||||
Manager
(B)
|
November
2006
|
170,000
|
$29.42
|
$0.5
(A)
|
||||
Excercised
(B)
|
Prior
to 2006
|
(861,920)
|
$15.27
|
|
||||
Excercised
(B)
|
2006
|
(98,000)
|
$18.06
|
|
||||
Outstanding
|
|
1,883,807
|
$25.89
|
(A) |
The
fair value of the options was estimated using a binomial option
pricing
model. Since the Newcastle Option Plan has characteristics significantly
different from those of traded options, and since the assumptions
used in
such model, particularly the volatility assumption, are subject
to
significant judgment and variability, the actual value of the options
could vary materially from management’s estimate. The assumptions used in
such model were as follows:
|
Date
of Grant
|
Volatility
|
Dividend
Yield
|
Expected
Life
(Years)
|
Risk-Free
Rate
|
||||
October
2002
|
15%
|
13.85%
|
10
|
4.05%
|
||||
July
2003
|
15%
|
9.83%
|
10
|
3.63%
|
||||
December
2003
|
15%
|
8.75%
|
10
|
4.23%
|
||||
January
2004
|
15%
|
7.60%
|
10
|
4.23%
|
||||
May
2004
|
15%
|
9.32%
|
10
|
4.77%
|
||||
November
2004
|
18%
|
7.64%
|
10
|
4.21%
|
||||
January
2005
|
21%
|
8.45%
|
10
|
4.27%
|
||||
November
2006
|
21%
|
8.84%
|
5
|
4.69%
|
The
volatility assumption for options issued in 2005 and 2006 was estimated based
primarily on the historical volatility of Newcastle’s common stock and
management’s expectations regarding future volatility. The expected life
assumption for options issued subsequent to January 2005 was estimated based
on
the simplified term method.
(B) |
The
Manager assigned certain of its options to its employees as
follows:
|
|
|
Total
|
||
Strike
Price
|
Inception
to
Date
|
|||
$13.00
|
269,500 | |||
$20.35
|
193,200 | |||
$22.85
|
139,355 | |||
$26.30
|
127,050 | |||
$31.40
|
62,563 | |||
$29.42
|
85,425 | |||
Total
|
877,093 |
670,620
of the total options exercised were by the Manager. 285,300 of the total options
exercised were by employees of the Manager subsequent to their assignment.
4,000
of the total options exercised were by directors.
89
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
10. |
MANAGEMENT
AGREEMENT AND RELATED PARTY
TRANSACTIONS
|
Manager
Newcastle
entered into the Management Agreement with the Manager in June 2002, as amended,
which provided for an initial term of one year with automatic one year
extensions, subject to certain termination rights. After the initial one year
term, the Manager's performance is reviewed annually and the Management
Agreement may be terminated by Newcastle by payment of a termination fee, as
defined in the Management Agreement, equal to the amount of management fees
earned by the Manager during the twelve consecutive calendar months immediately
preceding the termination, upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds
of
the independent directors, or by a majority vote of the holders of common stock.
Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Manager, under the supervision of
Newcastle’s board of directors, formulates investment strategies, arranges for
the acquisition of assets, arranges for financing, monitors the performance
of
Newcastle's assets and provides certain advisory, administrative and managerial
services in connection with the operations of Newcastle. For performing these
services, Newcastle pays the Manager an annual management fee equal to 1.5%
of
the gross equity of Newcastle, as defined.
The
Management Agreement provides that Newcastle will reimburse the Manager for
various expenses incurred by the Manager or its officers, employees and agents
on Newcastle's behalf, including costs of legal, accounting, tax, auditing,
administrative and other similar services rendered for Newcastle by providers
retained by the Manager or, if provided by the Manager's employees, in amounts
which are no greater than those which would be payable to outside professionals
or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant to agreements
negotiated on an arm's-length basis.
To
provide an incentive for the Manager to enhance the value of the common stock,
the Manager is entitled to receive an incentive return (the "Incentive
Compensation'') on a cumulative, but not compounding, basis in an amount equal
to the product of (A) 25% of the dollar amount by which (1) (a) the Funds from
Operations, as defined (before the Incentive Compensation) of Newcastle per
share of common stock (based on the weighted average number of shares of common
stock outstanding) plus (b) gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and from
sales of property and other assets per share of common stock (based on the
weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding), exceed (2)
an
amount equal to (a) the weighted average of the price per share of common stock
in the IPO and the value attributed to the net assets transferred to us by
our
predecessor, and in any subsequent offerings by Newcastle (adjusted for prior
capital dividends or capital distributions) multiplied by (b) a simple interest
rate of 10% per annum (divided by four to adjust for quarterly calculations)
multiplied by (B) the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding.
Amounts
Incurred (in millions)
|
||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||
Management
Fee
|
|
$13.5
|
|
$12.8
|
|
$10.1
|
||||
Expense
Reimbursement
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|||||||
Incentive
Compensation
|
12.2
|
7.6
|
8.0
|
At
December 31, 2006, the Manager, through its affiliates, and principals of
Fortress, owned 2.9 million shares of Newcastle’s common stock and
the manager through its affiliates, had options to purchase an
additional 1.3 million shares of Newcastle’s common stock (Note 9).
At
December 31, 2006, Due To Affiliates is comprised of $12.2 million of incentive
compensation payable and $1.3 million of management fees and expense
reimbursements payable to the Manager.
90
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
Other
Affiliates
In
November 2003, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate
of our manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 38% interest
in a limited liability company (Note 3) that has acquired a pool of franchise
loans from a third party financial institution. Newcastle’s investment in this
entity, reflected as an investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary on
Newcastle’s consolidated balance sheet, was approximately $10.2 million at
December 31, 2006. The remaining approximately 24% interest in the limited
liability company is owned by the above-referenced third party financial
institution.
As
of
December 31, 2006, Newcastle owned an aggregate of approximately $108.0 million
of securities of Global Trust II and III, special purpose vehicles established
by Global Signal Inc., which were purchased in private placements from
underwriters in January 2004, April 2005 and February 2006. Newcastle’s CEO and
chairman of its board of directors was the chairman of the board of Global
Signal, Inc. and private equity funds managed by an affiliate of Newcastle’s
manager own a significant portion of Global Signal Inc.’s common stock. In
January 2007, Global Signal was acquired by Crown Castle International Corp.
Newcastle’s affiliate no longer had significant influence over Global Signal
subsequent to the acquisition.
In
March
2004, Newcastle and a private investment fund managed by an affiliate of
Newcastle’s manager co-invested and each indirectly own an approximately 49%
interest in two limited liability companies (Note 3) that have acquired, in
a
sale-leaseback transaction, a portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores
from a public company. The properties are subject to a number of master leases,
the initial term of which in each case is a minimum of 15 years. This investment
was financed with nonrecourse debt at the limited liability company level and
Newcastle’s investment in this entity, reflected as an investment in an
unconsolidated subsidiary on Newcastle’s consolidated balance sheet, was
approximately $12.5 million at December 31, 2006. In March 2005, the property
management agreement related to these properties was transferred to an affiliate
of Newcastle’s manager from a third party servicer; Newcastle’s allocable
portion of the related fees, approximately $20,000 per year for three years,
was
not changed.
In
January 2005, Newcastle entered into a servicing agreement with a portfolio
company of a private equity fund advised by an affiliate of Newcastle’s manager
for them to service a portfolio of manufactured housing loans (Note 5), which
was acquired at the same time. As compensation under the servicing agreement,
the portfolio company will receive, on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee
equal to 1.00% per annum on the unpaid principal balance of the loans being
serviced. In January 2006, Newcastle closed on a new term financing of this
portfolio. In connection with this term financing, Newcastle renewed its
servicing agreement at the same terms. The outstanding unpaid principal balance
of this portfolio was approximately $245.7 million at December 31,
2006.
In
April
2006, Newcastle securitized its portfolio of subprime residential mortgage
loans
and, through the Securitization Trust, entered into a servicing agreement with
a
subprime home equity mortgage lender (“Subprime Servicer”) to service this
portfolio. In July 2006, private equity funds managed by an affiliate of
Newcastle’s manager completed the acquisition of the Subprime Servicer. As
compensation under the servicing agreement, the Subprime Servicer will receive,
on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee equal to 0.5% per annum on the unpaid
principal balance of the portfolio. The outstanding unpaid principal balance
of
this portfolio was approximately $1.2 billion at December 31, 2006.
In
August
2006, Newcastle acquired a portfolio of manufactured housing loans. The loans
are being serviced by a portfolio company of a private equity fund advised
by an
affiliate of Newcastle’s manager. As compensation under the servicing agreement,
the servicer will receive, on a monthly basis, a net servicing fee equal to
0.625% per annum on the unpaid principal balance of the portfolio plus an
incentive fee if the performance of the loans meets certain thresholds. The
outstanding unpaid principal balance of this portfolio was approximately $398.3
million at December 31, 2006.
In
September 2006, Newcastle was a co-lender with two private investment funds
managed by an affiliate of Newcastle’s manager in a new real estate related
loan. The loan is secured by a first mortgage interest on a parcel of land
in
Arizona. Newcastle owns a 20% interest in the loan and the private investment
funds own an 80% interest in the loan. Major decisions require the unanimous
approval of the holders of interests in the loan, while other decisions require
the approval of a majority of holders of interests in the loan. Newcastle and
our affiliated investment funds are each entitled to transfer all or any portion
of their respective interests in the loan to third parties. In October 2006,
Newcastle and the private investment funds sold, on a pro-rata basis, a $125.0
million
91
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
senior
participation interest in the loan to an unaffiliated third party, resulting
in
Newcastle owning a 20% interest in the junior participation interest in the
loan. Newcastle’s investment in this loan was approximately $26.1 million at
December 31, 2006.
As
of
December 31, 2006, Newcastle held total investments of $192.2 million face
amount of real estate securities and real estate related loans issued by
affiliates of its manager and earned approximately $18.5 million, $13.7 million
and $13.1 million of interest on investments issued by affiliates for the years
ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In
each
instance described above, affiliates of Newcastle’s manager have an investment
in the applicable affiliated fund and receive from the fund, in addition to
management fees, incentive compensation if the fund’s aggregate investment
returns exceed certain thresholds.
11. |
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
Remarketing
Agreements ¾
Two
classes of separately issued CBO bonds (Note 8), with an aggregate $718.0
million face amount, were issued subject to remarketing procedures and related
agreements whereby such bonds are remarketed and sold on a periodic basis.
$395.0 million of these bonds are fully insured by a third party with respect
to
the timely payment of interest and principal thereon, pursuant to a financial
guaranty insurance policy (“wrap”). Newcastle pays annual fees of 0.12% of the
outstanding face amount of such bonds under this agreement.
In
connection with the remarketing procedures described above, backstop agreements
have been created whereby a third party financial institution is required to
purchase the $718.0 million face amount of bonds at the end of any remarketing
period if such bonds could not be resold in the market by the remarketing agent.
Newcastle pays an annual fee of between 0.15% and 0.20% of the outstanding
face
amount of such bonds under these agreements.
In
addition, the remarketing agent is paid an annual fee of 0.05% of the
outstanding face amount of such bonds under the remarketing
agreements.
Loan
Commitment—
With
respect to one of its real estate related loans, Newcastle was committed to
fund
up to an additional $6.6 million at December 31, 2006, subject to certain
conditions to be met by the borrower.
Stockholder
Rights Agreement ¾
Newcastle has adopted a stockholder rights agreement (the "Rights Agreement'').
Pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement, Newcastle will attach to each
share of common stock one preferred stock purchase right (a "Right''). Each
Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from Newcastle a unit
consisting of one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participation
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $70 per
unit.
Initially, the Rights are not exercisable and are attached to and transfer
and
trade with the outstanding shares of common stock. The Rights will separate
from
the common stock and will become exercisable upon the acquisition or tender
offer to acquire a 15% beneficial ownership interest by an acquiring person,
as
defined. The effect of the Rights Agreement will be to dilute the acquiring
party's beneficial interest. Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof,
as
such, will have no rights as a stockholder of Newcastle.
Litigation
¾
Newcastle is, from time to time, a defendant in legal actions from transactions
conducted in the ordinary course of business. Management, after consultation
with legal counsel, believes the ultimate liability arising from such actions
which existed at December 31, 2006, if any, will not materially affect
Newcastle’s consolidated results of operations or financial
position.
Environmental
Costs ¾
As a
commercial real estate owner, Newcastle is subject to potential environmental
costs. At December 31, 2006, management of Newcastle is not aware of any
environmental concerns that would have a material adverse effect on Newcastle's
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Debt
Covenants ¾ Newcastle's
debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. Such covenants do
not, in management's opinion, materially restrict Newcastle's investment
strategy or ability to raise capital at this time. Newcastle is in compliance
with all of its loan covenants at December 31, 2006.
Exit
Fee ¾ One
of
Newcastle’s loan investments provides for an $8.9 million contractual exit fee
which Newcastle will begin to accrue for if and when management believes it
is
probable that such exit fee will be received.
92
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
12. |
INCOME
TAXES AND DIVIDENDS
|
Newcastle
Investment Corp. is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a REIT
under the Code. A REIT will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate
income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders
if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders
by
prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements.
Since
Newcastle distributed 100% of its 2006, 2005 and 2004 REIT taxable income,
no
provision has been made for U.S. federal corporate income taxes in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements, except in connection with
Newcastle’s taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).
Distributions
relating to 2006, 2005, and 2004 were taxable as follows:
Dividends
Per Share (A)
|
|
Ordinary/
|
|
Capital
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
Book
Basis
|
|
Tax
Basis
|
|
Qualified
Income
|
|
Gains
|
|
Return
of Capital
|
||||||
2006
|
|
$2.615
|
|
$2.948
|
100.00%
|
|
-
|
None
|
||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
2005
|
|
$2.500
|
|
$2.540
|
86.41%
|
|
13.59%
|
|
None
|
|||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
2004
|
|
$2.425
|
|
$2.432
|
76.60%
|
|
23.40%
|
|
None
|
(A) |
Any
excess of book basis dividends over tax basis dividends would generally
be
carried forward to the next year for tax
purposes.
|
Dividends
in Excess of Earnings includes ($14.5 million) related to the operations of
our
predecessor.
Newcastle
has elected to treat NC Circle Holdings II LLC as a taxable REIT subsidiary
(“TRS”), effective February 27, 2004. NC Circle Holdings II LLC owned a portion
of Newcastle’s investment in a portfolio of convenience and retail gas stores as
described in Note 3. For taxable income generated by NC Circle Holdings II
LLC,
Newcastle has provided for relevant income taxes based on a blended statutory
rate of 40%. Newcastle accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability
method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the
future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their
respective tax bases. No such material differences have been recognized through
December 31, 2006.
13. |
SUBSEQUENT
EVENTS
|
In
January 2007, Newcastle issued 2.42 million shares of its common stock in a
public offering at a price to the public of $31.30 per share for net proceeds
of
approximately $75.0 million. For the purpose of compensating the Manager for
its
successful efforts in raising capital for Newcastle, in connection with this
offering, Newcastle granted options to the Manager to purchase 242,000 shares
of
Newcastle’s common stock at the public offering price, which were valued at
approximately $0.8 million.
In
January 2007, certain of the Manager’s employees exercised options to acquire
3,282 shares of Newcastle’s common stock for net proceeds of $0.1
million.
In
January 2007, Newcastle entered into an $700 million non-recourse warehouse
agreement with a major investment bank to finance a portfolio of real estate
related loans and securities prior to them being financed with a CBO. The
financing bears interest at LIBOR + 0.50%.
93
NEWCASTLE INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
14. SUMMARY
QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
The
following is unaudited summary information on Newcastle’s quarterly
operations.
2006
|
|
Quarter
Ended
|
|
Year
Ended
|
||||||||||||
March
31 (A)
|
|
June
30 (A)
|
|
September
30 (A)
|
|
December
31
|
December
31
|
|||||||||
Gross
Revenues
|
$
|
123,548
|
$
|
129,027
|
$
|
144,094
|
$
|
155,940
|
$
|
552,609
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(16,911
|
)
|
(10,999
|
)
|
(13,032
|
)
|
(14,581
|
)
|
(55,523
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income
|
106,637
|
118,028
|
131,062
|
141,359
|
497,086
|
|||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(76,965
|
)
|
(87,909
|
)
|
(100,239
|
)
|
(109,156
|
)
|
(374,269
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
(199
|
)
|
(278
|
)
|
(290
|
)
|
(318
|
)
|
(1,085
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (B)
|
1,195
|
1,215
|
1,506
|
2,052
|
5,968
|
|||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
30,668
|
31,056
|
32,039
|
33,937
|
127,700
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
251
|
(26
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
10
|
223
|
|||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(2,328
|
)
|
(2,329
|
)
|
(2,328
|
)
|
(2,329
|
)
|
(9,314
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
28,591
|
$
|
28,701
|
$
|
29,699
|
$
|
31,618
|
$
|
118,609
|
||||||
Net
Income per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.65
|
$
|
0.65
|
$
|
0.68
|
$
|
0.70
|
$
|
2.68
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.65
|
$
|
0.65
|
$
|
0.67
|
$
|
0.70
|
$
|
2.67
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common stock, after preferred
dividends and related accretion
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.64
|
$
|
0.65
|
$
|
0.68
|
$
|
0.70
|
$
|
2.67
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.64
|
$
|
0.65
|
$
|
0.67
|
$
|
0.70
|
$
|
2.67
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common
stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.01
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
43,945
|
43,991
|
44,000
|
45,129
|
44,269
|
|||||||||||
Diluted
|
44,064
|
44,071
|
44,137
|
45,385
|
44,417
|
|||||||||||
2005
|
Quarter
Ended
|
|
Year
Ended
|
|
||||||||||||
|
March
31 (A)
|
|
June
30 (A)
|
|
September
30 (A)
|
|
December
31
|
|
December
31
|
|||||||
Gross
Revenues
|
$
|
83,663
|
$
|
92,065
|
$
|
99,850
|
$
|
102,635
|
$
|
378,213
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(9,114
|
)
|
(8,832
|
)
|
(12,934
|
)
|
(11,008
|
)
|
(41,888
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income
|
74,549
|
83,233
|
86,916
|
91,627
|
336,325
|
|||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(48,766
|
)
|
(55,791
|
)
|
(58,681
|
)
|
(63,208
|
)
|
(226,446
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
(136
|
)
|
(135
|
)
|
(182
|
)
|
(188
|
)
|
(641
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (B)
|
1,853
|
1,393
|
1,061
|
1,302
|
5,609
|
|||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
27,500
|
28,700
|
29,114
|
29,533
|
114,847
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
1,184
|
781
|
86
|
57
|
2,108
|
|||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(2,114
|
)
|
(6,684
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
27,161
|
$
|
27,957
|
$
|
27,677
|
$
|
27,476
|
$
|
110,271
|
||||||
Net
Income per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.64
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.53
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.62
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.51
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common stock, after preferred
dividends and related accretion
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.62
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.48
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.59
|
$
|
0.61
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
2.46
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.03
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.05
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.03
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.05
|
||||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
43,222
|
43,768
|
43,790
|
43,897
|
43,672
|
|||||||||||
Diluted
|
43,629
|
44,127
|
44,121
|
44,059
|
43,986
|
94
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(dollars
in tables in thousands, except per share data)
2004
|
Quarter
Ended
|
|
Year
Ended
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
March
31 (A)
|
|
June
30 (A)
|
|
September
30 (A)
|
|
December
31
|
|
December
31
|
||||||
Gross
Revenues
|
$
|
55,309
|
$
|
61,612
|
$
|
63,146
|
$
|
69,602
|
$
|
249,669
|
||||||
Operating
expenses
|
(7,333
|
)
|
(6,354
|
)
|
(7,822
|
)
|
(7,299
|
)
|
(28,808
|
)
|
||||||
Operating
income
|
47,976
|
55,258
|
55,324
|
62,303
|
220,861
|
|||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(28,091
|
)
|
(32,615
|
)
|
(33,612
|
)
|
(42,080
|
)
|
(136,398
|
)
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
(113
|
)
|
(95
|
)
|
(108
|
)
|
(135
|
)
|
(451
|
)
|
||||||
Equity
in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (B)
|
1,223
|
2,218
|
3,179
|
3,337
|
9,957
|
|||||||||||
Income
from continuing operations
|
20,995
|
24,766
|
24,783
|
23,425
|
93,969
|
|||||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
856
|
(1,591
|
)
|
185
|
4,996
|
4,446
|
||||||||||
Preferred
dividends
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(1,523
|
)
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(6,094
|
)
|
||||||
Income
available for common stockholders
|
$
|
20,328
|
$
|
21,651
|
$
|
23,445
|
$
|
26,897
|
$
|
92,321
|
||||||
Net
Income per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.59
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.61
|
$
|
0.70
|
$
|
2.50
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.58
|
$
|
0.59
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.69
|
$
|
2.46
|
||||||
Income
from continuing operations per share of common stock,
after preferred dividends and related accretion
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.57
|
$
|
0.64
|
$
|
0.61
|
$
|
0.56
|
$
|
2.38
|
||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.56
|
$
|
0.63
|
$
|
0.60
|
$
|
0.55
|
$
|
2.34
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations per share of common stock
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.04
|
)
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.14
|
$
|
0.12
|
|||||
Diluted
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.04
|
)
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.14
|
$
|
0.12
|
|||||
Weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
34,402
|
36,161
|
38,234
|
38,941
|
36,944
|
|||||||||||
Diluted
|
34,976
|
36,671
|
38,883
|
39,663
|
37,558
|
(A) |
The
Income Available for Common Stockholders shown agrees with Newcastle’s
quarterly report(s) on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and
Exchange
Commission. However, individual line items may vary from such report(s)
due to the operations of properties sold, or classified as held for
sale,
during subsequent periods being retroactively reclassified to Income
for
Discontinued Operations for all periods presented (Note
5).
|
(B) |
Net
of income taxes on related taxable
subsidiaries.
|
95
Item
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure.
None.
Item
9A. Controls and Procedures.
(a) |
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures. The Company’s management, with the participation
of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has
evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d -15(e)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. The Company’s
disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable
assurance that information is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported
accurately and on a timely basis. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded
that,
as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures are effective.
|
(b) |
Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes
in the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Acts)
during
the most recent fiscal quarter to which this report relates that
have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect,
the
Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.
|
Management’s
Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management
of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting
is
defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the
Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by
the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and includes
those
policies and procedures that:
· |
pertain
to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately
and
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of
the
Company;
|
· |
provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary
to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States, and that receipts
and
expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
|
· |
provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that
could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
|
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect all misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may
become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management
assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making this assessment, management used
the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework.
Based
on
our assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2006, the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed and operating
effectively.
The
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued an audit
report on our assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. This report appears at the beginning of “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”
By:
/s/
Wesley R. Edens
Wesley
R.
Edens
Chairman
of the Board
By:
/s/
Debra A. Hess
Debra
A.
Hess
Chief
Financial Officer
96
Item
9B. Other Information.
None.
97
PART
III
Item
10. Directors, Executive Officers AND Corporate
Governance.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2007 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
Item
11. Executive Compensation.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2007 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2007 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
Item
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, Director
Independence.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2007 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
Item
14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
Incorporated
by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2007 annual meeting
of
stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant
to
Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120
days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
98
PART
IV
Item
15. Exhibits; Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)
|
and
(c) Financial statements and
schedules:
|
See
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
(b) |
Exhibits
filed with this Form 10-K:
|
3.1 |
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement (incorporated by reference to the
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-90578),
Exhibit 3.1).
|
3.2 |
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series B Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended March 31, 2003, Exhibit 3.3).
|
3.3 |
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series C Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.3, filed on
October 25, 2005).
|
3.4 |
By-laws
(incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on
Form S-11, (File No. 333-90578), Exhibit
3.2).
|
4.1 |
Rights
Agreement between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and
Trust
Company, as Rights Agent, dated October 16, 2002 (incorporated by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended September 30, 2003, Exhibit
4.1).
|
10.1 |
Amended
and Restated Management and Advisory Agreement by and among the Registrant
and FIG LLC (formerly known as Fortress Investment Group LLC), dated
June
23 2003 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Statement on Form
S-11 (File No. 333-106135), Exhibit
10.1).
|
10.2 |
Newcastle
Investment Corp. Nonqualified Stock Option and Incentive Award Plan
Amended and Restated Effective as of February 11, 2004 (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2005, Exhibit
10.2).
|
12.1 |
Statements
re: Computation of Ratios
|
21.1 |
Subsidiaries
of the Registrant.
|
23.1 |
Consent
of Ernst & Young LLP, independent
accountants.
|
31.1 |
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302
of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
31.2 |
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
32.1 |
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
32.2 |
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
99
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of
1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized:
NEWCASTLE
INVESTMENT CORP.
|
|
February
26, 2007
|
|
By:
/s/ Wesley R. Edens
|
|
Wesley
R. Edens
|
|
Chairman
of the Board
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this
report has been signed below by the following person on behalf of the Registrant
and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
February
26, 2007
By:
/s/
Kenneth M. Riis
Kenneth
M. Riis
Chief
Executive Officer
February
26, 2007
By:
/s/
Debra A. Hess
Debra
A.
Hess
Chief
Financial Officer
February
26, 2007
By:
/s/
Kevin J. Finnerty
Kevin
J.
Finnerty
Director
February
26, 2007
By:
/s/
Stuart A. McFarland
Stuart
A.
McFarland
Director
February
26, 2007
By:
/s/
David K. McKown
David
K.
McKown
Director
February
26, 2007
By:
/s/
Peter M. Miller
Peter
M.
Miller
Director
100
Exhibit
Index
3.1 |
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement (incorporated by reference to the
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-90578),
Exhibit 3.1).
|
3.2 |
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series B Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended March 31, 2003, Exhibit 3.3).
|
3.3 |
Articles
Supplementary relating to the Series C Preferred Stock (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.3, filed on
October 25, 2005).
|
3.4 |
Amended
and Restated By-laws (incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 5,
2006).
|
4.1 |
Rights
Agreement between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and
Trust
Company, as Rights Agent, dated October 16, 2002 (incorporated by
reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended September 30, 2002, Exhibit
4.1).
|
10.1 |
Amended
and Restated Management and Advisory Agreement by and among the Registrant
and FIG LLC (formerly known as Fortress Investment Group LLC), dated
June
23, 2003 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Statement on Form
S-11 (File No. 333-106135), Exhibit
10.1).
|
10.2 |
Newcastle
Investment Corp. Nonqualified Stock Option and Incentive Award Plan
Amended and Restated Effective as of February 11, 2004 (incorporated
by
reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2005, Exhibit
10.2).
|
12.1 |
Statements
re: Computation of Ratios
|
21.1 |
Subsidiaries
of the Registrant.
|
23.1 |
Consent
of Ernst & Young LLP, independent
accountants.
|
31.1 |
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
31.2 |
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
32.1 |
Certification
of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|
32.2 |
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
|