DYNEX CAPITAL INC - Quarter Report: 2006 March (Form 10-Q)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
DC 20549
FORM
10-Q
Quarterly
Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
For
the quarterly period March 31, 2006
Transition
Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Commission
File Number: 1-9819
|
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia
|
52-1549373
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
|
(I.R.S.
Employer
|
incorporation
or organization)
|
Identification
No.)
|
4551
Cox Road, Suite 300, Glen Allen, Virginia
|
23060-6740
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
(804)
217-5800
(Registrant‘s
telephone number, including area
code)
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated
filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
Large
accelerated filer o Accelerated
filer o Non-accelerated
filer þ
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Act).
Yes o No þ
On
February 28, 2006, the registrant had 12,163,391 shares outstanding of common
stock, $.01 par value, which is the registrant’s only class of common
stock.
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
FORM
10-Q
INDEX
Page
|
|||
PART
I.
|
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
||
Item
1.
|
|||
1
|
|||
2
|
|||
3
|
|||
4
|
|||
Item
2.
|
12
|
||
Item
3.
|
24
|
||
Item
4.
|
25
|
||
PART
II.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
||
Item
1.
|
26
|
||
Item
1A.
|
27
|
||
Item
2.
|
27
|
||
Item
3.
|
28
|
||
Item
4.
|
28
|
||
Item
5.
|
28
|
||
Item
6.
|
28
|
||
29
|
i
PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item
1. Financial
Statements
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
(amounts
in thousands except share data)
March
31,
|
December
31,
|
||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
23,290
|
$
|
45,235
|
|||
Other
assets
|
4,480
|
4,332
|
|||||
27,770
|
49,567
|
||||||
Investments:
|
|||||||
Securitized
finance receivables, net
|
694,086
|
722,152
|
|||||
Securities
|
36,271
|
24,908
|
|||||
Other
investments
|
3,829
|
4,067
|
|||||
Other
loans
|
5,008
|
5,282
|
|||||
739,194
|
756,409
|
||||||
$
|
766,964
|
$
|
805,976
|
||||
LIABILITIES
AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
|||||||
LIABILITIES
|
|||||||
Securitization
financing:
|
|||||||
Non-recourse
securitization financing
|
$
|
503,536
|
$
|
516,578
|
|||
Repurchase
agreements secured by securitization financing
|
120,963
|
133,104
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements secured by securities
|
162
|
211
|
|||||
Other
liabilities
|
6,637
|
6,749
|
|||||
631,298
|
656,642
|
||||||
Commitments
and Contingencies (Note 11)
|
|||||||
SHAREHOLDERS'
EQUITY
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, par value $0.01 per share, 50,000,000 shares
authorized,
|
|||||||
9.5%
Cumulative Convertible Series D,
|
|||||||
4,221,539
and 5,628,737 shares issued and outstanding, respectively,
|
|||||||
($43,218
and $57,624 aggregate liquidation
|
|||||||
preference,
respectively)
|
41,749
|
55,666
|
|||||
Common
stock, par value $0.01 per share, 100,000,000 shares
authorized,
|
|||||||
12,143,091
and 12,163,391 shares issued outstanding, respectively
|
121
|
122
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
366,612
|
366,903
|
|||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income
|
504
|
140
|
|||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(273,320
|
)
|
(273,497
|
)
|
|||
135,666
|
149,334
|
||||||
$
|
766,964
|
$
|
805,976
|
||||
See
notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements.
|
-
1
-
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
OF
OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
(amounts
in thousands except share data)
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||
March
31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Interest
income:
|
|||||||
Securitized
finance receivables
|
$
|
13,886
|
$
|
21,997
|
|||
Securities
|
546
|
1,126
|
|||||
Other
investments
|
227
|
672
|
|||||
Other
loans
|
107
|
258
|
|||||
14,766
|
24,053
|
||||||
Interest
and related expenses:
|
|||||||
Non-recourse
securitization financing
|
10,988
|
19,101
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
1,515
|
454
|
|||||
Other
|
(25
|
)
|
41
|
||||
12,478
|
19,596
|
||||||
Net
interest income
|
2,288
|
4,457
|
|||||
Recapture
of (provision for) loan losses
|
119
|
(2,261
|
)
|
||||
Net
interest income after provision for loan losses
|
2,407
|
2,196
|
|||||
Impairment
charges
|
-
|
(87
|
)
|
||||
Gain
on sale of investments, net
|
24
|
79
|
|||||
Other
income
|
109
|
238
|
|||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
(1,327
|
)
|
(1,492
|
)
|
|||
Net
income
|
1,213
|
934
|
|||||
Preferred
stock charge
|
(1,036
|
)
|
(1,337
|
)
|
|||
Net
income (loss) to common shareholders
|
$
|
177
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
||
Change
in net unrealized gain/(loss) on :
|
|||||||
Investments
classified as available-for-sale
|
364
|
(3,883
|
)
|
||||
Hedge
instruments
|
-
|
383
|
|||||
Comprehensive
income (loss)
|
$
|
1,577
|
$
|
(2,566
|
)
|
||
Net
income (loss) per common share:
|
|||||||
Basic
and diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
||
See
notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements.
|
-
2
-
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
OF
CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(amounts
in thousands)
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||
March
31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Operating
activities:
|
|||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
1,213
|
$
|
934
|
|||
Adjustments
to reconcile net (loss) income to cash
|
|||||||
provided
by operating activities:
|
|||||||
(Recapture
of) provision for loan loss
|
(119
|
)
|
2,261
|
||||
Impairment
charges
|
-
|
87
|
|||||
Gain
on sale of investments
|
(24
|
)
|
(79
|
)
|
|||
Amortization
and depreciation
|
365
|
407
|
|||||
Net
change in other assets and other liabilities
|
75
|
(721
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities
|
1,510
|
2,889
|
|||||
Investing
activities:
|
|||||||
Principal
payments received on investments
|
27,435
|
45,831
|
|||||
Purchase
of securities and other investments
|
(16,168
|
)
|
(92
|
)
|
|||
Payments
received on securities, other investments and loans
|
5,883
|
12,624
|
|||||
Proceeds
from sales of securities and other investments
|
104
|
5,168
|
|||||
Other
|
69
|
102
|
|||||
Net
cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities
|
17,323
|
63,633
|
|||||
Financing
activities:
|
|||||||
Principal
payments on securitization financing
|
(13,009
|
)
|
(46,072
|
)
|
|||
Repayment
of purchase agreement borrowings
|
(12,190
|
)
|
(11,101
|
)
|
|||
Retirement
of common stock
|
(137
|
)
|
-
|
||||
Retirement
of preferred stock
|
(14,072
|
)
|
-
|
||||
Dividends
paid
|
(1,370
|
)
|
(1,337
|
)
|
|||
Net
cash and cash equivalents used for financing activities
|
(40,778
|
)
|
(58,510
|
)
|
|||
Net
(decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
(21,945
|
)
|
8,012
|
||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of period
|
45,235
|
52,522
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at end of period
|
$
|
23,290
|
$
|
60,534
|
|||
See
notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements.
|
-
3
-
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
March
31,
2006
(amounts
in thousands except share and per share data)
NOTE
1 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared
in
accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all of the
information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted
in
the United States of America, hereinafter referred to as “generally accepted
accounting principles,” for complete financial statements. The condensed
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dynex Capital, Inc.
and its qualified real estate investment trust ("REIT") subsidiaries and taxable
REIT subsidiary (together, “Dynex” or the “Company”). All inter-company balances
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The
Company consolidates entities in which it owns more than 50% of the voting
equity and control does not rest with others. The Company follows the equity
method of accounting for investments with greater than 20% and less than a
50%
interest in partnerships and corporate joint ventures or when it is able to
influence the financial and operating policies of the investee but owns less
than 50% of the voting equity. For all other investments, the cost method is
applied.
The
Company believes it has complied with the requirements for qualification as
a
REIT under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). To the extent the Company
qualifies as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, it generally will not
be
subject to federal income tax on the amount of its income or gain that is
distributed as dividends to shareholders.
In
the
opinion of management, all significant adjustments, consisting of normal
recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed
consolidated financial statements have been included. The financial statements
presented are unaudited. Operating results for the three months ended March
31,
2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for
the
year ending December 31, 2006. Certain information and footnote disclosures
normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been omitted.
The
unaudited financial statements included herein should be read in conjunction
with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
The
preparation of financial statements, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles, requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual
results could differ from those estimates. The primary estimates inherent in
the
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are discussed
below.
The
Company uses estimates in establishing fair value for its financial instruments.
Securities classified as available-for-sale are carried in the accompanying
financial statements at estimated fair value. Estimates of fair value for
securities are based on market prices provided by certain dealers, when
available. When market prices are not available, fair value estimates are
determined by calculating the present value of the projected cash flows of
the
instruments using market-based assumptions such as estimated future interest
rates and estimated market spreads to applicable indices for comparable
securities, and using collateral based assumptions such as prepayment rates
and
credit loss assumptions based on the most recent performance and anticipated
performance of the underlying collateral.
The
Company also has credit risk on loans in its portfolio as discussed in Note
4.
An allowance for loan losses has been estimated and established for currently
existing losses in the loan portfolio, which are deemed probable as
to
-
4
-
their
occurrence. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated and adjusted periodically
by management based on the actual and estimated timing and amount of probable
credit losses. Provisions made to increase the allowance for loan losses are
presented as provision for losses in the accompanying condensed consolidated
statements of operations. The Company’s actual credit losses may differ from
those estimates used to establish the allowance.
Certain
amounts for 2005 have been reclassified to conform to the presentation adopted
in 2006.
NOTE
2 — NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
Net
income (loss) per common share is presented on both a basic and diluted per
common share basis. Diluted net income (loss) per common share assumes the
conversion of the convertible preferred stock into common stock, using the
if-converted method and stock appreciation rights, to the extent that there
are
rights outstanding, using the treasury stock method, but only if these items
are
dilutive. The Series D preferred stock is convertible into one share of common
stock for each share of preferred stock. The following table reconciles the
numerator and denominator for both the basic and diluted net income (loss)
per
common share for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||||
Income
(loss)
|
Weighted-Average
Number of Shares
|
Income
(loss)
|
Weighted-
Average
Number
of
Shares
|
||||||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
1,213
|
$
|
934
|
|||||||||
Preferred
stock charge
|
(1,036
|
)
|
(1,337
|
)
|
|||||||||
Net
income (loss) to common shareholders
|
$
|
177
|
12,161,682
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
12,162,391
|
||||||
Effect
of dividends and additional shares of preferred stock
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||
Diluted
|
$
|
177
|
12,161,682
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
12,162,391
|
||||||
Net
income (loss) per share:
|
|||||||||||||
Basic
and diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
||||||||
Reconciliation
of shares not included in calculation of earnings per share due
to
anti-dilutive effect:
|
|||||||||||||
Dividends
and assumed conversion of Series D preferred stock
|
$
|
1,036
|
4,362,259
|
$
|
1,337
|
5,628,737
|
|||||||
Expense
and incremental shares of stock appreciation rights and
options
|
-
|
(93,589
|
)
|
-
|
257
|
||||||||
$
|
1,036
|
4,268,670
|
$
|
1,337
|
5,628,994
|
||||||||
-
5
-
NOTE
3 — SECURITIZED FINANCE RECEIVABLES
The
following table summarizes the components of securitized finance receivables
at
March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005:
March
31,
2006
|
December
31,
2005
|
||||||
Collateral:
|
|||||||
Commercial
|
$
|
556,737
|
$
|
570,199
|
|||
Single-family
|
146,480
|
161,058
|
|||||
703,217
|
731,257
|
||||||
Funds
held by trustees, including funds held for defeasance
|
6,604
|
6,648
|
|||||
Accrued
interest receivable
|
5,033
|
5,114
|
|||||
Unamortized
discounts and premiums, net
|
(1,855
|
)
|
(1,832
|
)
|
|||
Loans,
at amortized cost
|
712,999
|
741,187
|
|||||
Allowance
for loan losses
|
(18,913
|
)
|
(19,035
|
)
|
|||
$
|
694,086
|
$
|
722,152
|
The
commercial securitized finance receivables are encumbered by non-recourse
securitized financing. The non-recourse securitization financing bonds
collateralized by the single-family loans were redeemed by the Company during
2005 and are held by the Company as of March 31, 2006. The redeemed bonds,
which
are eliminated from the condensed consolidated financial statements in
consolidation, collateralize the repurchase agreement financing the redemption
of these bonds. This repurchase agreement has been presented as securitization
financing in the financial statements.
NOTE
4 — ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The
Company reserves for probable estimated credit losses on loans in its investment
portfolio. The following table summarizes the aggregate activity for the
allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and
2005:
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Allowance
at beginning of period
|
$
|
19,035
|
$
|
28,014
|
|||
(Recapture
of) provision for loan losses
|
(119
|
)
|
2,261
|
||||
Charge-offs,
net of recoveries
|
(3
|
)
|
(2,594
|
)
|
|||
Allowance
at end of period
|
$
|
18,913
|
$
|
27,681
|
The
Company identified $51,673 and $54,558 of impaired commercial mortgage loans
at
March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. The decline is primarily
due
to improvements in the performance of the underlying real estate collateralizing
the impaired loans. At March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the Company had
approximately $35,902 and $39,758 of commercial mortgage loans that were 60
or
more days delinquent.
NOTE
5 — OTHER INVESTMENTS
The
following table summarizes the Company’s other investments at March 31, 2006 and
December 31, 2005:
March
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
||||||
Delinquent
property tax receivable securities
|
$
|
3,010
|
$
|
3,220
|
|||
Real
estate owned
|
819
|
847
|
|||||
$
|
3,829
|
$
|
4,067
|
-
6
-
Delinquent
property tax receivable securities includes an unrealized gain of $214 and
$55
at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. Real estate owned is
acquired from foreclosures on delinquent property tax receivables. During the
three months ended March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2005, the Company collected
an
aggregate of $609 and $876, respectively, on delinquent property tax receivables
and securities, including net sales proceeds from related real estate
owned.
NOTE
6 — SECURITIES
The
following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s securities classified
as available-for-sale, at March 31, 2006 and December 31,
2005:
March
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
||||||||||||
Fair
Value
|
Effective
Interest Rate
|
Fair
Value
|
Effective
Interest Rate
|
||||||||||
Securities,
available-for-sale:
|
|||||||||||||
Fixed-rate
mortgage securities
|
$
|
18,132
|
6.56%
|
|
$
|
22,900
|
6.14%
|
|
|||||
Commercial
paper
|
14,989
|
4.42%
|
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||
Other
securities
|
2,846
|
1,602
|
|||||||||||
Equity
securities
|
15
|
320
|
|||||||||||
35,982
|
24,822
|
||||||||||||
Gross
unrealized gains
|
461
|
332
|
|||||||||||
Gross
unrealized losses
|
(172
|
)
|
(246
|
)
|
|||||||||
$
|
36,271
|
$
|
24,908
|
NOTE
7 - OTHER LOANS
The
following table summarizes Dynex’s carrying basis for other loans at March 31,
2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.
March
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
||||||
Single-family
mortgage loans
|
$
|
4,574
|
$
|
4,825
|
|||
Multifamily
and commercial mortgage loan participations
|
987
|
995
|
|||||
5,561
|
5,820
|
||||||
Unamortized
discounts
|
(553
|
)
|
(538
|
)
|
|||
$
|
5,008
|
$
|
5,282
|
NOTE
8 - NON-RECOURSE SECURITIZATION FINANCING
Dynex,
through limited-purpose finance subsidiaries, has issued bonds pursuant to
indentures in the form of non-recourse securitization financing. Each series
of
securitization financing may consist of various classes of bonds, either at
fixed or variable rates of interest. Payments received on securitized finance
receivables and any reinvestment income thereon are used to make payments on
the
securitization financing (see Note 3). The obligations under the securitization
financings are payable solely from the securitized finance receivables and
are
otherwise non-recourse to Dynex. The stated maturity date for each class of
bonds is generally calculated based on the final scheduled payment date of
the
underlying collateral pledged. The actual maturity of each class will be
directly affected by the rate of principal prepayments on the related
collateral. Each series is also subject to redemption at Dynex’s option
according to specific terms of the respective indentures. As a result, the
actual maturity of any class of a series of securitization financing is likely
to occur earlier than its stated maturity. If Dynex does not exercise its option
to redeem a class or classes of bonds when it first has the right to do so,
the
interest rates on the bonds not redeemed will automatically increase by 0.30%
to
2.00%.
-
7
-
Dynex
may
retain certain bond classes of securitization financing issued, including
investment grade classes, financing these retained bonds with equity. As these
limited-purpose finance subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial
statements of Dynex, such retained bonds are eliminated in the consolidated
financial statements, while the associated repurchase agreements outstanding,
if
any, are included as recourse debt.
The
components of non-recourse securitization financing along with certain other
information at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 are summarized as
follows:
March
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
||||||||||||
Bonds
Outstanding
|
Range
of Interest Rates
|
Bonds
Outstanding
|
Range
of Interest Rates
|
||||||||||
Fixed-rate
classes
|
$
|
496,915
|
6.6%
- 8.8%
|
|
$
|
509,923
|
6.6%
- 8.8%
|
|
|||||
Accrued
interest payable
|
3,355
|
3,438
|
|||||||||||
Deferred
costs
|
(15,682
|
)
|
(16,912
|
)
|
|||||||||
Unamortized
net bond premium
|
18,948
|
20,129
|
|||||||||||
$
|
503,536
|
$
|
516,578
|
||||||||||
Range
of stated maturities
|
2009-2028
|
2009-2028
|
|||||||||||
Number
of series
|
3
|
3
|
At
March 31, 2006, the weighted-average effective rate of the fixed rate
classes was 6.8%. The average effective rate of interest for securitization
financing was 6.9%, and 7.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and
the
year ended December 31, 2005, respectively.
NOTE
9 - REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The
Company uses repurchase agreements, which are recourse to the Company, to
finance certain of its investments. The Company had repurchase agreements of
$120,963 and $133,104, at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively,
which are collateralized by certain securitization financing bonds that were
redeemed during 2005. The repurchase agreements mature monthly and have a
weighted average rate of 0.10% over one-month LIBOR (4.7% at March 31, 2006).
The securitization financing bonds collateralizing these repurchase agreements
have a fair value of $138,864 at March 31, 2006 and pay interest at a blended
rate of one-month LIBOR plus 0.31%.
Dynex
also utilizes other recourse repurchase agreements to finance certain of its
securities. There were $162 and $211 outstanding at March 31, 2006 and December
31, 2005, respectively, which were collateralized by securities with a market
value of $14,600 and $20,133, respectively. These repurchase agreements bear
interest based on one-month LIBOR plus a spread ranging from 0.10% to 0.60%,
which represented a weighted average rate of 5.0% at March 31, 2006.
NOTE
10 — PREFERRED STOCK
In
January 2006, Dynex redeemed 1,407,198 shares of the outstanding 9.5% Series
D
Preferred Stock with cash of $14,105.
At
March
31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the total liquidation preference, which includes
accrued dividends payable, on the Series D Preferred Stock was $43,218 and
$57,624, respectively. There was $1,003 and $1,337 ($0.2375 per share) of
accrued dividends payable on the Series D Preferred Stock at March 31, 2006
and
December 31, 2005, respectively.
-
8
-
NOTE
11 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As
discussed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2005, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries are defendants
in
litigation. The following discussion is the current status of the
litigation.
GLS
Capital, Inc. (“GLS”), a subsidiary of the Company, and the County of Allegheny,
Pennsylvania (“Allegheny County”), are defendants in a lawsuit in the Court of
Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (the “Court”). Plaintiffs
allege that GLS illegally charged the taxpayers of Allegheny County certain
attorney fees, costs and expenses, and interest in the collection of delinquent
property tax receivables owned by GLS. Plaintiffs are seeking class action
status. During 2005, the Court held hearings in this matter, and has not
yet ruled on whether it will grant class action status in the litigation.
Plaintiffs have not enumerated its damages in this matter. The Company
believes that the ultimate outcome of this litigation will not have a material
impact on its financial condition, but may have a material impact on reported
results for the particular period presented.
The
Company and Dynex Commercial, Inc. (“DCI”), formerly an affiliate of the Company
and now known as DCI Commercial, Inc., are appellees (or “respondents”) in the
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Judicial District of Texas at Dallas, related
to
the matter of Basic Capital Management et al (collectively, “BCM” or “the
Plaintiffs”) versus Dynex Commercial, Inc. et al. Plaintiff’s appeal seeks to
overturn a judgment in favor of the Company and DCI which denied recovery to
Plaintiffs, and to have a judgment entered in favor of Plaintiffs based on
a
jury award for damages against the Company of $253, and against DCI for $2,200
or $25,600, all of which was set aside by the trial court. In the
alternative, Plaintiffs are seeking a new trial. The Court of Appeals heard
the
oral argument on the matter on April 18, 2006.
On
February 11, 2005, a putative class action complaint alleging violations of
the
federal securities laws and various state common law claims was filed against
Dynex Capital, Inc., our subsidiary MERIT Securities Corporation, Stephen J.
Benedetti, the Company's Executive Vice President, and Thomas H. Potts, the
Company's former President and a former Director, in United States District
Court for the Southern District of New York ("District Court") by the Teamsters
Local 445 Freight Division Pension Fund ("Teamsters"). The lawsuit
purported to be a class action on behalf of purchasers of MERIT Series 13
securitization financing bonds, which are collateralized by manufactured housing
loans. On May 31, 2005, the Teamsters filed an amended class action
complaint. The amended complaint dropped all state common law claims but
added federal securities claims related to the MERIT Series 12 securitization
financing bonds. On July 15, 2005, the defendants moved to
dismiss the amended complaint. On February 10, 2006, the District Court
dismissed the claims against Messrs. Benedetti and Potts, but did not dismiss
the claims against Dynex and MERIT. On February 24, 2006, Dynex
and MERIT moved for reconsideration and interlocutory appeal of the District
Court's order denying the motion to dismiss Dynex and MERIT. The
Company has evaluated the allegations and believes them to be without merit
and
intends to continue to vigorously defend itself against them.
Although
no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of the above
litigation, the Company believes the resolution of these lawsuits will not
have
a material effect on our consolidated balance sheet but could materially affect
our consolidated results of operations in a given year.
NOTE
12 — STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
Pursuant
to Dynex’s 2004 Stock
Incentive Plan, as approved by the shareholders at Dynex’s 2005 annual
shareholders’ meeting (the “Stock Incentive Plan”), Dynex may grant to eligible
officers, directors and employees stock options, stock appreciation rights
(“SARs”) and restricted stock awards. An aggregate of 1,500,000 shares of common
stock is available for distribution pursuant to the Employee Incentive Plan.
Dynex may also grant dividend equivalent rights (“DERs”) in connection with the
grant of options or SARs.
-
9
-
Effective
January 1, 2006, Dynex adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No.
123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment, (SFAS 123(R)) using the
modified-prospective-transition method. Under this transition method,
compensation cost in 2006 includes cost for options granted prior to but not
vested as of December 31, 2005, and options vested in 2006. Therefore results
for prior periods have not been restated.
On
January 2, 2005, Dynex granted 126,297 SARs to certain of its employees and
officers
under
the Stock Incentive Plan. The SARs vest over the next four years in equal annual
installments, expire on December 31, 2011 and have an exercise price of $7.81
per share, which was the market price of the stock on the grant date. On January
2, 2006, 31,574 shares vested.
On
June
17, 2005, Dynex granted options to acquire an aggregate of 40,000 shares of
common stock to the members
of its
Board of Directors under the Stock Incentive Plan. The options have an exercise
price of $8.46 per share, which represents 110% of the closing stock price
on
the grant date, expire on June 17, 2010 and were fully vested when
granted.
On
January 12, 2006, Dynex granted 77,000 SARs to certain of its employees and
officers
under
the Stock Incentive Plan. The SARs vest over the next four years in equal annual
installments, expire on December 31, 2012 and have an exercise price of $6.61
per share, which was the market price of the stock on the grant date.
Dynex
incurred expense of $145 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 for SARs
and options related to the Stock Incentive Plan related to the adoption of
SFAS
123(R).
The
following table presents the 2005 effect on net income and earnings per share
if
the Company had applied the fair value method to the SARs and options granted
to
employees and Directors using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model.
Three
Months Ended
March
31, 2005
|
||||
Net
loss to common shareholders
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
|
Fair
value method stock based compensation expense
|
(16
|
)
|
||
Pro
forma net loss to common shareholders
|
$
|
(419
|
)
|
|
Net
loss per common share:
|
||||
Basic
and diluted - as reported
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
Basic
and diluted - pro forma
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
The
following table presents a summary of the SAR activity for the Stock Incentive
Plan:
Three
Months ended
|
|||||||
March
31, 2006
|
|||||||
Number
Of
Shares
|
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
|
||||||
SARs
outstanding at beginning of period
|
126,297
|
7.81
|
|||||
SARs
granted
|
77,000
|
6.61
|
|||||
SARs
forfeited or redeemed
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
SARs
exercised
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
SARs
outstanding at end of period
|
203,297
|
7.36
|
|||||
SARs
vested and exercisable
|
31,574
|
7.81
|
-
10
-
The
following table presents a summary of the option activity for the Stock
Incentive Plan:
Three
Months ended
|
|||||||
March
31, 2006
|
|||||||
Number
Of
Shares
|
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
|
||||||
Options
outstanding at beginning of period
|
40,000
|
8.46
|
|||||
Options
granted
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Options
forfeited or redeemed
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Options
exercised
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Options
outstanding at end of period
|
40,000
|
8.46
|
|||||
Options
vested and exercisable
|
40,000
|
8.46
|
NOTE
13 — RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
late
2005, the FASB's staff issued Staff Position (FSP) 115-1, The Meaning of
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and its Application to Certain Investments.
This
FSP provides additional guidance on when an investment in a debt or equity
security should be considered impaired and when that impairment should be
considered other-than-temporary and recognized as a loss. Additionally, the
FSP
requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses which have not been
recognized as other-than-temporary. This guidance did not have a material effect
on the Company's consolidated financial statements upon implementation on
January 1, 2006.
In
February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid
Financial Instruments”. Key provisions of SFAS 155 include: (1) a broad
fair value measurement option for certain hybrid financial instruments that
contain an embedded derivative that would otherwise require bifurcation;
(2) clarification that only the simplest separations of interest payments
and principal payments qualify for the exception afforded to interest-only
strips and principal-only strips from derivative accounting under paragraph
14
of FAS 133 (thereby narrowing such exception); (3) a requirement that
beneficial interests in securitized financial assets be analyzed to determine
whether they are freestanding derivatives or whether they are hybrid instruments
that contain embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation; (4) clarification
that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded
derivatives; and (5) elimination of the prohibition on a Qualified Special
Purpose Entity (“QSPE”) holding passive derivative financial instruments that
pertain to beneficial interests that are or contain a derivative financial
instrument. In general, these changes will reduce the operational complexity
associated with bifurcating embedded derivatives, and increase the number of
beneficial interests in securitization transactions, including interest-only
strips and principal-only strips, required to be accounted for in accordance
with FAS 133. Management does not believe that SFAS 155 will have a material
effect on the financial statements of the Company.
In
March
2006 the FASB issued SFAS No.156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial
Assets—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (SFAS 156). This Statement amends
FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting
for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of
Liabilities, with
respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and
servicing liabilities. This Statement requires an entity to recognize a
servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation
to
service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract in certain
situations and to initially measure those servicing assets and servicing
liabilities at fair value, if practicable. SFAS 156 permits an entity to measure
each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities
by either amortizing the servicing asset or liability and assessing the mortgage
servicing asset or servicing liability for impairment at each reporting date.
Alternatively, an entity may choose to measure the servicing asset or servicing
liability at fair value at each reporting date and report changes in fair value
in earnings in the period the changes occur. SFAS 156 permits, at its initial
adoption, a one-time reclassification of available-for-sale securities to
trading securities by entities with recognized servicing rights, without calling
into question the treatment of other available-for-sale securities under
Statement 115, provided that the available-for-sale securities
-
11
-
are
identified in some manner as offsetting the entity’s exposure to changes in fair
value of servicing assets or servicing liabilities that a servicer elects to
subsequently measure at fair value. This statement is effective as of the
beginning of its first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The
Company is currently evaluating the potential impact this statement may have
on
its financial statements.
The
following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of
operations of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2006 should
be
read in conjunction with the Company's Unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report.
The
Company is
a
specialty finance company organized as a real estate investment trust (REIT)
that invests in loans and securities consisting principally of single-family
residential and commercial mortgage loans. The Company finances these loans
and
securities through a combination of non-recourse securitization financing,
repurchase agreements, and equity. Dynex employs financing in order to increase
the overall yield on its invested capital.
The
Company continues to focus its efforts in the near-term on managing its current
investment portfolio to maximize cash flow, while evaluating longer-term
opportunities for redeployment of its capital. The Company has substantial
tax
net operating loss carryforwards which can be used to offset future taxable
income through approximately 2019.
On
January 9, 2006, Dynex redeemed 1,407,198 shares of the Series D preferred
stock, which represented approximately 25% of the then outstanding shares,
for
approximately $14.1 million in cash, which represented a redemption price of
$10
per share and $33 thousand of preferred dividends that had accrued on those
shares through the redemption date.
The
Company also began repurchasing its common shares during the quarter under
the
stock repurchase plan authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors. The
Company repurchased 20,300 shares of its common stock during the quarter at
an
average cost of $6.72 per share and may repurchase up to an additional 979,700
shares under the current Board authorization. Subject to the applicable
securities laws and the terms of the Series D Preferred Stock designation,
future repurchases of common stock will be made
at
times and in amounts as the Company deems appropriate and may be suspended
or
discontinued at any time.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The
discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of
operations are based in large part upon its consolidated financial statements,
which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of the financial
statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect
the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
Critical
accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant
judgments or uncertainties, and which may result in materially different results
under different assumptions and conditions, or the application of which may
have
a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. The following are the
Company’s critical accounting policies.
Consolidation
of Subsidiaries.
The
consolidated financial statements represent our accounts after the elimination
of inter-company transactions. We consolidate entities in which we own more
than
50% of the voting equity and control of the entity does not rest with others.
We
follow the equity method of accounting for investments with greater than 20%
and
less than a 50% interest in partnerships and corporate joint ventures or when
we
are able to influence the financial and operating policies of the investee
but
own less than 50% of the voting equity. For all other investments, the cost
method is applied.
-
12
-
Impairments.
We
evaluate all securities in our investment portfolio for other-than-temporary
impairments. A security is generally defined to be other-than-temporarily
impaired if, for a maximum period of three consecutive quarters, the carrying
value of such security exceeds its estimated fair value and we estimate, based
on projected future cash flows or other fair value determinants, that the fair
value will remain below the carrying value for the foreseeable future. If an
other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to exist, we record an impairment
charge to adjust the carrying value of the security down to its estimated fair
value. In certain instances, as a result of the other-than-temporary impairment
analysis, the recognition or accrual of interest will be discontinued and the
security will be placed on non-accrual status.
We
consider an investment to be impaired if the fair value of the investment is
less than its recorded cost basis. Impairments of other investments are
generally considered to be other-than-temporary when the fair value remains
below the carrying value for three consecutive quarters. If the impairment
is
determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge is recorded in
order
to adjust the carrying value of the investment to its estimated
value.
Allowance
for Loan Losses.
We have
credit risk on loans pledged in securitization financing transactions and
classified as securitized finance receivables in our investment portfolio.
An
allowance for loan losses has been estimated and established for currently
existing probable losses. Factors considered in establishing an allowance
include current loan delinquencies, historical cure rates of delinquent loans,
and historical and anticipated loss severity of the loans as they are
liquidated. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated and adjusted periodically
by management based on the actual and estimated timing and amount of probable
credit losses, using the above factors, as well as industry loss experience.
Where loans are considered homogeneous, the allowance for losses is established
and evaluated on a pool basis. Otherwise, the allowance for losses is
established and evaluated on a loan-specific basis. Provisions made to increase
the allowance are a current period expense to operations. Single-family loans
are considered impaired when they are 60-days past due. Commercial mortgage
loans are evaluated on an individual basis for impairment. Generally, a
commercial loan with a debt service coverage ratio of less than one is
considered impaired. However, based on a commercial loan’s details, commercial
loans with a debt service ratio less than one may not be considered impaired;
conversely, commercial loans with a debt service coverage ratio greater than
one
may be considered impaired. Certain of the commercial mortgage loans are covered
by loan guarantees that limit our exposure on these loans. The level of
allowance for loan losses required for these loans is reduced by the amount
of
applicable loan guarantees. Our actual credit losses may differ from the
estimates used to establish the allowance.
FINANCIAL
CONDITION
Below
is
a discussion of the Company’s financial condition.
(amounts
in thousands except per share data)
|
March
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||||
Investments:
|
|||||||
Securitized
finance receivables, net
|
$
|
694,086
|
$
|
722,152
|
|||
Securities
|
36,271
|
24,908
|
|||||
Other
investments
|
3,829
|
4,067
|
|||||
Other
loans
|
5,008
|
5,282
|
|||||
Non-recourse
securitization financing
|
503,536
|
516,578
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements secured by securitization financing bonds
|
120,963
|
133,104
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements secured by securities
|
162
|
211
|
|||||
Shareholders’
equity
|
135,666
|
149,334
|
|||||
Common
book value per share
|
$
|
7.70
|
$
|
7.65
|
-
13
-
Securitized
finance receivables.
Securitized finance receivables decreased to $694.1 million at March 31, 2006
compared to $722.2 million at December 31, 2005. This decrease of $28.1 million
is primarily the result of $22.1 million of unscheduled and $5.5 million of
scheduled principal payments on the collateral, $0.4 million of reductions
to
allowance for loan losses, and $0.1 million of other items.
Securities.
Securities increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 by $11.4
million, to $36.3 million at March 31, 2006 from $24.9 million at December
31,
2005 due primarily to the purchase of $15.0 million of commercial paper, the
purchase of $1.2 million of publicly traded equity securities, and an increase
in the net unrealized gain on securities of $0.2 million. These increases were
partially offset by principal payments of $5.1 million received on securities
during the quarter.
Other
investments.
Other
investments at March 31, 2006 consist primarily of a security collateralized
by
delinquent property tax receivables. Other investments decreased from $4.1
million at December 31, 2005 to $3.8 million at March 31, 2006. This decrease
is
primarily the result of collections on the tax liens and proceeds from the
sale
of real estate owned properties which totaled of $0.5 million during the
quarter. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in the unrealized
gain of $0.2 million on the security and $0.1 million of capitalized recoverable
advances.
Other
loans.
Other
loans decreased by $0.3 million from $5.3 million at December 31, 2005 to $5.0
million at March 31, 2006 primarily as the result of scheduled and unscheduled
pay-downs during the period.
Non-recourse
securitization financing. Non-recourse
securitization financing decreased $13.0 million, from $516.6 million at
December 31, 2005 to $503.6 million at March 31, 2006. This decrease was
primarily a result of principal payments received of $13.0 million on the
associated finance receivables pledged which were used to pay down the
non-recourse securitization financing in accordance with the respective
indentures.
Repurchase
Agreements.
The
balance of repurchase agreements declined to $121.1 million at March 31, 2006
from $133.3 million at December 31, 2005. The decrease was due to net repayments
of $12.2 during the period as a result of principal received on the underlying
securities being financed.
Shareholders’
equity.
Shareholders’ equity decreased to $135.7 million at March 31, 2006 from $149.3
million at December 31, 2005. This decrease was primarily the result of the
redemption of 1,407,198 shares of Series D Preferred Stock and the repurchase
of
20,300 shares of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2006,
which contributed to a $14.2 million decrease in equity, and the preferred
stock
charge of $1.0 million for preferred stock dividends. These decreases were
partially offset by net income of $1.2 million for the quarter and a $0.4
million increase in net unrealized gains on securities.
Supplemental
Discussion of Investments
As
further discussed below, the Company manages its investment portfolio on a
net
investment basis, consisting of the amortized cost basis or fair value of the
investment less the associated external financing of the investment, if any.
Below is the net basis of the Company’s investments as of March 31, 2006.
Excluded from this table are cash and cash equivalents, other assets, and other
liabilities.
As
the
cash flows received on our investments are generally subordinate to the
obligations under the associated financing of the investment, the investment
portfolio is evaluated and managed based on the net capital invested in that
particular investment. Net capital invested is generally defined as the cost
basis of the investment net of the associated financing for that investment.
For
securitized finance receivables, because the securitization financing is
recourse only to the finance receivables pledged and is, therefore, not a
general obligation of the Company, the risk on the investment in securitized
finance receivables from an economic point of view is limited to the Company’s
net retained investment in the securitization trust. Below is the net basis
of
Dynex’s investments as of March 31, 2006. Included in the table is an estimate
of the fair value of the net investment. The fair value of the net investment
in
securitized finance receivables is based on the present value of the projected
cash flow from the collateral, adjusted for the impact and assumed level of
future prepayments and credit losses, less the projected principal and interest
due
-
14
-
on
the
securitization financing bonds owned by third parties. The fair value of
securities is based on quotes obtained from third-party dealers, or from
management estimates.
(amounts
in thousands)
|
March
31, 2006
|
||||||||||||
Amortized
cost basis
|
Financing
|
Net
basis
|
Fair
value of net basis (1)
|
||||||||||
Securitized
finance receivables:
|
|||||||||||||
Single
family mortgage loans
|
$
|
149,117
|
$
|
120,963
|
$
|
28,154
|
$
|
29,012
|
|||||
Commercial
mortgage loans
|
563,882
|
503,536
|
60,346
|
39,722
|
|||||||||
Allowance
for loan losses
|
(18,913
|
)
|
-
|
(18,913
|
)
|
-
|
|||||||
694,086
|
624,499
|
69,587
|
68,734
|
||||||||||
Securities:
|
|||||||||||||
Investment
grade single-family
|
17,631
|
162
|
17,469
|
17,631
|
|||||||||
Non-investment
grade single-family
|
668
|
-
|
668
|
668
|
|||||||||
Equity
and other
|
17,972
|
-
|
17,972
|
17,972
|
|||||||||
36,271
|
162
|
36,109
|
36,271
|
||||||||||
Other
loans and investments
|
8,837
|
-
|
8,837
|
9,948
|
|||||||||
Total
|
$
|
739,194
|
$
|
624,661
|
$
|
114,533
|
$
|
114,953
|
|||||
(1) Fair
values are based on dealer quotes, and where dealer quotes are not available
fair values are calculated as the net present value of expected future cash
flows, discounted at 16%. Fair value also includes our capital invested in
redeemed securitization financing bonds. Expected future cash flows were based
on the forward LIBOR curve as of March 31, 2006, and incorporate the resetting
of the interest rates on the adjustable rate assets to a level consistent with
projected prevailing rates. Expected cash flows were also based on estimated
prepayment speeds and credit losses on the underlying loans set forth in the
table below. Increases or decreases in interest rates and index levels from
those used would impact the calculation of fair value, as would differences
in
actual prepayment speeds and credit losses versus the assumptions set forth
above.
The
following table summarizes the assumptions used in estimating fair value for
our
net investment in securitized finance receivables and the cash flow related
to
those net investments at March 31, 2006.
Fair
Value Assumptions
|
($
in thousands)
|
||||
Loan
type
|
Weighted-average
prepayment speeds
|
Losses
|
Weighted-Average
Discount
Rate
|
Projected
cash flow termination date
|
Cash
flows received in 2006
(1)
|
Single-family
mortgage loans
|
30%
CPR
|
0.2%
annually
|
16%
|
Anticipated
final maturity 2024
|
$819
|
Commercial
mortgage loans(2)
|
(3)
|
0.8%
annually
|
16%
|
(4)
|
$2,263
|
(1) Represents
the excess of the cash flows received on the collateral pledged over the cash
flow requirements of the securitization financing bond
security.
(2) Includes
loans pledged to three different securitization trusts.
(3) Assumed
CPR speeds generally are governed by underlying pool characteristics, prepayment
lock-out provisions, and yield maintenance provisions. Loans currently
delinquent in excess of 30 days are assumed liquidated in month
six.
(4) Cash
flow termination dates are modeled based on the repayment dates of the loans
or
optional redemption dates of the underlying securitization financing
bonds.
-
15
-
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||
March
31,
|
|||||||
(amounts
in thousands except per share information)
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Net
interest income
|
$
|
2,288
|
$
|
4,457
|
|||
Recapture
of (provision for) loan losses
|
119
|
(2,261
|
)
|
||||
Net
interest income after provision for loan losses
|
2,407
|
2,196
|
|||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
(1,327
|
)
|
(1,492
|
)
|
|||
Net
income
|
1,213
|
934
|
|||||
Preferred
stock charge
|
(1,036
|
)
|
(1,337
|
)
|
|||
Net
income (loss) to common shareholders
|
177
|
(403
|
)
|
||||
Net
income (loss) per common share:
|
|||||||
Basic
and diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
Three
Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31,
2005.
The
increase in net income and net income per common share during the three months
ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005 is primarily the
result of a $2.4 million decrease in provision for loan losses offset by a
decrease net interest income before provision for loan losses of $2.2 million
as
discussed below.
Net
interest income decreased from $4.5 million to $2.3 million for the quarter
ended March 31, 2006 from the same period in 2005 primarily as a result of
a
decline in average interest earning assets for the three-month periods ended
March 31, 2006 and 2005. The decline in average earning assets was primarily
due
to the derecognition of two manufactured housing securitization trusts during
the second quarter of 2005, which is discussed in more detail below. Net
interest after provision for loan losses for the three months ended March 31,
2006 increased to $2.4 million from $2.2 million for the same period for 2005.
Provision for loan losses decreased from an expense of $2.3 million for the
first quarter of 2005 to a benefit of $0.1 million for the first quarter of
2006
due primarily to the Company not needing to make any additional provisions
for
its securitized commercial loans during the quarter and decreased delinquencies
in the Company’s non-pool insured securitized single family loans.
The
following table summarizes the average balances of interest-earning assets
and
their average effective yields, along with the average interest-bearing
liabilities and the related average effective interest rates, for each of the
periods presented. Assets that are on non-accrual status are excluded from
the
table below for each period presented.
-
16
-
Average
Balances and Effective Interest Rates
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||||
Average
Balance
|
Effective
Rate
|
Average
Balance
|
Effective
Rate
|
||||||||||
Interest-earning
assets:(1)
|
|||||||||||||
Securitized
finance receivables(2)
|
$
|
717,445
|
7.74
|
%
|
$
|
1,226,852
|
7.17
|
%
|
|||||
Securities
|
35,605
|
6.09
|
%
|
72,807
|
5.69
|
%
|
|||||||
Cash
|
17,054
|
4.15
|
%
|
54,200
|
2.21
|
%
|
|||||||
Other
loans
|
5,184
|
8.23
|
%
|
7,092
|
14.53
|
%
|
|||||||
Other
investments
|
-
|
-
|
7,394
|
20.14
|
%
|
||||||||
Total
interest-earning assets
|
$
|
775,288
|
7.58
|
%
|
$
|
1,368,345
|
7.00
|
%
|
|||||
Interest-bearing
liabilities:
|
|||||||||||||
Non-recourse
securitization financing(3)
|
$
|
507,482
|
8.48
|
%
|
$
|
1,147,513
|
6.49
|
%
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements secured by securitization financing
|
128,201
|
4.75
|
%
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
194
|
4.78
|
%
|
69,216
|
2.62
|
%
|
|||||||
Total
interest-bearing liabilities
|
$
|
635,877
|
7.73
|
%
|
$
|
1,216,729
|
6.27
|
%
|
|||||
Net
interest spread on all investments(3)
|
(0.15
|
)%
|
0.73
|
%
|
|||||||||
Net
yield on average interest-earning assets(3)(4)
|
1.25
|
%
|
1.43
|
%
|
|||||||||
(1) |
Average
balances exclude adjustments made in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, “Accounting for Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” to record available-for-sale
securities at fair value.
|
(2) |
Average
balances exclude funds held by trustees of $6,618 and $233 for the
three
months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
|
(3) |
Effective
rates are calculated excluding non-interest related collateralized
bond
expenses. If included, the effective rate on interest-bearing liabilities
would be 7.85% and 6.44% for the three months ended March 31, 2006
and
2005.
|
(4) |
Net
yield on average interest-earning assets reflects net interest income
excluding non-interest related collateralized bond expenses divided
by
average interest earning assets for the period,
annualized.
|
The
net
interest spread decreased 88 basis points, to negative 0.15% for the three
months ended March 31, 2006 from 0.73% for the same period in 2005. The net
yield on average interest earning assets for the three months ended March 31,
2006 decreased relative to the same period in 2005, to 1.25% from 1.43%. The
decline in the Company’s net interest spread can be attributed primarily to an
increase of 146 basis points in the effective rate on interest-bearing
liabilities, partially offset by an increase of 58 basis points in the effective
rate on interest-earning assets. Amounts for 2005 in the above table include
two
securitization financing trusts sold in the second quarter of 2005, and which
had an effective interest-bearing liability rate of 5.24% on an average balance
of $371.5 million, and had an effective interest-earning rate of 6.46% on an
average balance of $386.2 million for the same period. The Company has not
meaningfully reinvested the proceeds from the sale of these two securitization
trusts, and therefore, the sale of these trusts which had a net interest spread
of 1.19% at the time of their sale, has resulted in the overall decline in
the
Company’s net interest spread. In addition to the impact from the sale of these
two trusts, the effective rate on interest-earning assets also declined as
a
result of certain securitized commercial loans being on non-accrual during
the
first quarter of 2006, which decreased interest income in the first quarter
of
2006 by approximately $0.5 million, or 28 basis points.
-
17
-
The
following table summarizes the amount of change in interest income and interest
expense due to changes in interest rates versus changes in volume:
Three
Months Ended March 31, 2006 vs. 2005
|
||||||||||
(amounts
in thousands)
|
Rate
|
Volume
|
Total
|
|||||||
Securitized
finance receivables
|
$
|
1,661
|
$
|
(9,772
|
)
|
$
|
(8,111
|
)
|
||
Securities
|
123
|
(616
|
)
|
(493
|
)
|
|||||
Other
investments
|
(186
|
)
|
(186
|
)
|
(372
|
)
|
||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
69
|
(191
|
)
|
(122
|
)
|
|||||
Other
loans
|
(93
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
(151
|
)
|
||||
Total
interest income
|
1,574
|
(10,823
|
)
|
(9,249
|
)
|
|||||
Securitization
financing
|
3,086
|
(9,413
|
)
|
(6,327
|
)
|
|||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
155
|
(607
|
)
|
(452
|
)
|
|||||
Total
interest expense
|
3,241
|
(10,020
|
)
|
(6,779
|
)
|
|||||
Net
interest income
|
$
|
(1,667
|
)
|
$
|
(803
|
)
|
$
|
(2,470
|
)
|
Note: The
change in interest income and interest expense due to changes in both volume
and
rate, which cannot be segregated, has been allocated proportionately to the
change due to volume and the change due to rate. This table excludes
non-interest related dividends on equity securities, securitization financing
expense, other interest expense and provision for credit
losses.
From
March 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006, average interest-earning assets declined
$593
million, or approximately 43%. Approximately 65% of that decline resulted from
the derecognition of two securitization trusts collateralized by manufactured
housing loans. Another large portion of such reduction relates to paydowns
on
the Company’s adjustable-rate single-family mortgage.
Credit
Exposures.
The
Company’s predominate securitization structure is non-recourse securitization
financing, whereby loans and securities are pledged to a trust, and the trust
issues bonds pursuant to an indenture. Generally these securitization structures
use over-collateralization, subordination, third-party guarantees, reserve
funds, bond insurance, mortgage pool insurance or any combination of the
foregoing as a form of credit enhancement. From an economic point of view,
the
Company generally has retained a limited portion of the direct credit risk
in
these securities. In many instances, the Company retained the “first-loss”
credit risk on pools of loans that it has securitized.
The
following table summarizes the aggregate principal amount of certain investments
of the Company; the direct credit exposure retained by the Company (represented
by the amount of over-collateralization pledged and subordinated securities
owned by the Company), net of the credit reserves and discounts maintained
by
the Company for such exposure; and the actual credit losses incurred for each
quarter presented. Credit Exposure, Net of Credit Reserves is based on the
credit risk retained by the Company for the loans and securities pledged to
the
securitization trust, from an economic point of view. The table includes any
subordinated security retained by the Company. The Company’s Credit Exposure,
Net of Credit Reserves declined from the first quarter 2005 by $7.4 million
due
to the sale of two securitization financing trusts where the Company had
retained the credit risk and was substantially unchanged from the fourth quarter
of 2005.
The
table
excludes other forms of credit enhancement from which the Company benefits,
and
based upon the performance of the underlying loans, may provide additional
protection against losses. These additional protections include loss
reimbursement guarantees with a remaining balance of $20.5 million and a
remaining deductible aggregating $0.6 million on $19.1 million of securitized
single family mortgage loans which are subject to such reimbursement agreements;
guarantees aggregating $17.2 million of securitized commercial mortgage loans
with an outstanding loan principal balance of $168.9 million, whereby losses
on
such loans would need to exceed the
-
18
-
respective
guarantee amount before the Company would incur credit losses; and $69.7 million
of securitized single family mortgage loans which are subject to various
mortgage pool insurance policies whereby losses would need to exceed the
remaining stop loss of at least 92% on such policies before the Company would
incur losses. This table excludes any credit exposure on unsecuritized other
loans and other investments.
Credit
Reserves and Actual Credit Losses
($
in
millions)
Outstanding
Loan
Principal
Balance
|
Credit
Exposure,
Net
Of
Credit
Reserves
|
Actual
Credit
Losses
|
Credit
Exposure, Net Of Credit Reserves To Outstanding Loan
Balance
|
||||||||||
2005,
Quarter 1
|
$
|
1,245.8
|
$
|
39.4
|
$
|
2.6
|
3.16
|
%
|
|||||
2005,
Quarter 2
|
828.9
|
29.0
|
0.5
|
3.50
|
%
|
||||||||
2005,
Quarter 3
|
786.5
|
29.3
|
0.3
|
3.73
|
%
|
||||||||
2005,
Quarter 4
|
753.2
|
31.0
|
0.0
|
4.12
|
%
|
||||||||
2006,
Quarter 1
|
724.4
|
32.0
|
0.0
|
4.42
|
%
|
The
following tables summarize single-family mortgage loan and commercial mortgage
loan delinquencies as a percentage of the outstanding commercial securitized
finance receivables balance for those securities in which we have retained
a
portion of the direct credit risk. The delinquencies as a percentage of all
outstanding securitized finance receivables balance have increased to 7.8%
at
March 31, 2006 from 6.2% at March 31, 2005 primarily as a result a net addition
of one delinquent commercial loan since the first quarter 2005. We monitor
and
evaluate our exposure to credit losses and have established reserves based
upon
anticipated losses, general economic conditions and trends in the investment
portfolio. At March 31, 2006, management believes the level of credit reserves
is appropriate for currently existing losses within these loan
pools.
Single
family mortgage loan delinquencies as a percentage of the outstanding loan
balance decreased by approximately 0.75% to 8.25% at March 31, 2006 from 9.01%
at March 31, 2005 and increased by 0.84% from 7.41% at December 31, 2005. The
increase in delinquencies from December 31, 2005 is primarily due to larger
mortgage loans becoming delinquent. The following table provides the percentage
of delinquent single family loans.
Single-Family
Loan Delinquency Statistics
December
31,
|
30
to 59 days delinquent
|
60
to 89 days
delinquent
|
90
days and over delinquent (1)
|
Total
|
|||||||||
2005,
Quarter 1
|
4.43%
|
|
|
1.06%
|
|
|
3.52%
|
|
|
9.01%
|
|
||
2005,
Quarter 2
|
4.09%
|
|
|
0.69%
|
|
|
2.46%
|
|
|
7.24%
|
|
||
2005,
Quarter 3
|
3.33%
|
|
|
1.43%
|
|
|
2.24%
|
|
|
7.00%
|
|
||
2005,
Quarter 4
|
4.23%
|
|
|
0.61%
|
|
|
2.57%
|
|
|
7.41%
|
|
||
2006,
Quarter 1
|
4.50%
|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
2.90%
|
|
|
8.25%
|
|
For
commercial mortgage loans, the delinquencies as a percentage of the outstanding
securitized finance receivables balance have increased to 7.63% at March 31,
2006 from 6.90% at December 31, 2005 primarily due to two commercial loans
which
became delinquent during the quarter. Delinquencies increased from the first
quarter of 2005 by 1.57% as a result of the net addition of one delinquent
loan.
Since the end of the first quarter of 2006, one loan in the “90 days and over
delinquent” category with an unpaid principal balance of $7.8 million
liquidated. In addition, a foreclosure sale on a second loan in the “90 days and
over delinquent” category with a current principal balance of $23.3 million
occurred in May 2006. The Company has a specific allowance of $8.2 million
for
this loan.
-
19
-
Commercial
Mortgage Loan Delinquency Statistics (1)
December
31,
|
30
to 59 days delinquent
|
60
to 89 days
delinquent
|
90
days and over delinquent (1)
|
Total
|
2005,
Quarter 1
|
0.10%
|
0.20%
|
5.76%
|
6.06%
|
2005,
Quarter 2
|
0.84%
|
0.71%
|
5.78%
|
7.33%
|
2005,
Quarter 3
|
-%
|
1.50%
|
6.54%
|
8.04%
|
2005,
Quarter 4
|
-%
|
0.25%
|
6.65%
|
6.90%
|
2006,
Quarter 1
|
1.25%
|
-%
|
6.38%
|
7.63%
|
(1) Includes
foreclosures and real estate owned.
RECENT
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
late
2005, the FASB's staff issued Staff Position (FSP) 115-1, The Meaning of
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and its Application to Certain Investments.
This
FSP provides additional guidance on when an investment in a debt or equity
security should be considered impaired and when that impairment should be
considered other-than-temporary and recognized as a loss. Additionally, the
FSP
requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses which have not been
recognized as other-than-temporary. This guidance did not have a material effect
on the Company's consolidated financial statements upon implementation on
January 1, 2006.
In
February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid
Financial Instruments”. Key provisions of SFAS 155 include: (1) a broad
fair value measurement option for certain hybrid financial instruments that
contain an embedded derivative that would otherwise require bifurcation;
(2) clarification that only the simplest separations of interest payments
and principal payments qualify for the exception afforded to interest-only
strips and principal-only strips from derivative accounting under paragraph
14
of FAS 133 (thereby narrowing such exception); (3) a requirement that
beneficial interests in securitized financial assets be analyzed to determine
whether they are freestanding derivatives or whether they are hybrid instruments
that contain embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation; (4) clarification
that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded
derivatives; and (5) elimination of the prohibition on a QSPE holding
passive derivative financial instruments that pertain to beneficial interests
that are or contain a derivative financial instrument. In general, these changes
will reduce the operational complexity associated with bifurcating embedded
derivatives, and increase the number of beneficial interests in securitization
transactions, including interest-only strips and principal-only strips, required
to be accounted for in accordance with FAS 133. Management does not believe
that
SFAS 155 will have a material effect on the financial statements of the
Company.
In
March
2006 the FASB issued SFAS No.156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial
Assets—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (SFAS 156). This Statement amends
FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting
for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of
Liabilities, with
respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and
servicing liabilities. This Statement requires an entity to recognize a
servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation
to
service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract in certain
situations and to initially measure those servicing assets and servicing
liabilities at fair value, if practicable. SFAS 156 permits an entity to measure
each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities
by either amortizing the servicing asset or liability and assessing the mortgage
servicing asset or servicing liability for impairment at each reporting date.
Alternatively, an entity may choose to measure the servicing asset or servicing
liability at fair value at each reporting date and report changes in fair value
in earnings in the period the changes occur. SFAS 156 permits, at its initial
adoption, a one-time reclassification of available-for-sale securities to
trading securities by entities with recognized servicing rights, without calling
into question the treatment of other available-for-sale securities under
Statement 115, provided that the available-for-sale securities are identified
in
some manner as offsetting the entity’s exposure to changes in fair value of
servicing assets or servicing liabilities that a servicer elects to subsequently
measure at fair value. This statement is effective as of the beginning of its
first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The Company is currently
evaluating the potential impact this statement may have on its financial
statements.
-
20
-
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The
Company has historically financed its operations from a variety of sources.
The
Company’s primary source of funding for its operations today is the cash flow
generated from the investment portfolio, which includes net interest income
and
principal payments and prepayments on these investments. From the cash flow
on
our investment portfolio, the Company currently funds operating overhead
costs,
including the servicing of delinquent property tax receivables, pays the
dividend on the Series D Preferred Stock and services any remaining recourse
debt. The Company investment portfolio continues to provide positive cash
flow,
which can be utilized for reinvestment purposes.
Cash
flow
from the investment portfolio for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 was
approximately $12.4 million, which includes approximately $7.7 million in
principal payments on securities, including $600 thousand on the property
tax
receivable security. Such cash flow is after payment of principal and interest
on the associated non-recourse securitization financing (i.e.,
non-recourse debt) outstanding.
Excluding
any cash flow derived from the sale or re-securitization of assets, and assuming
that short-term interest rates remain stable, the Company anticipates that
the
cash flow from its investment portfolio will sequentially decline in 2006
as the
investment portfolio continues to pay down, absent meaningful reinvestment
of
capital. The Company anticipates, however, that it will have sufficient cash
flow from the investment portfolio to meet all of its current obligations
on
both a short-term and long-term basis.
During
the first quarter 2006, the Company utilized available capital to purchase
$1.4
million in equity securities of other publicly-traded mortgage REITs, and
purchased additional short-term cash equivalent instruments such as highly-rated
commercial paper. At March 31, 2006, the Company had unused capacity on
uncommitted repurchase agreement lines of approximately $17.5 million, cash
and
equivalents of $23.3 million, and other short-term instruments of $14.0 million.
Cash flow from the investment portfolio is subject to fluctuation due to
changes
in interest rates, repayment rates and default rates and related losses.
The
Company intends to maintain high levels of liquidity for the foreseeable
future
given the lack of compelling reinvestment opportunities as a result of the
absolute low level of interest rates, the flat yield curve, and the historically
tight spreads on fixed income instruments. Partially as a result of the lack
of
compelling investment opportunities, the Company redeemed 25% of its Series
D
Preferred Stock outstanding in January 2006. This redemption reduced the
Series
D Preferred Stock outstanding by approximately $14 million, saving the Company
approximately $1.3 million in dividends annually. The Board of Directors
of
Dynex also approved the redemption of up to one million shares of common
stock
of Dynex, and through March 31, 2006, the Company had purchased 20,300 such
shares at an average effective price of $6.72. The repurchase of shares of
common stock is likely to continue if alternative uses of the capital are
not
available and if such repurchases are accretive to book value per common
share.
The
Company currently utilizes a combination of equity, securitization financing
and
repurchase agreement financing to finance its investment portfolio.
Securitization financing is recourse only to the assets pledged as collateral
to
support the financing and is not otherwise recourse to the Company. The maturity
of each class of securitization financing is directly affected by the rate
of
principal prepayments on the related collateral and is not subject to margin
call risk. Each series is also subject to redemption according to specific
terms
of the respective indentures, generally on the earlier of a specified date
or
when the remaining balance of the bonds equals 35% or less of the original
principal balance of the bonds. At March 31, 2006, the Company had $496.9
million of non-recourse securitization financing outstanding, all of which
carries a fixed rate of interest.
Repurchase
agreement financing is recourse to the assets pledged, and to the Company.
Repurchase agreement financing is not committed financing to the Company,
and it
generally renews or rolls every 30-days. The amounts advanced to the Company
by
the repurchase agreement counterparty are determined largely based on the
fair
value of the asset pledged to the counterparty.
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
Certain
written statements in this Form 10-Q
made by
the Company that are not historical fact constitute “forward-looking statements”
within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements
contained in this Item as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Report
addressing the results of operations, our operating performance, events, or
developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future, including
statements relating to investment strategies, net interest income growth,
earnings or earnings per share growth, and market share, as well as statements
expressing optimism or pessimism about future operating results, are
forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are based upon
management’s views and assumptions as of the date of this Report, regarding
future events and operating performance and are applicable only as of the dates
of such statements. Such forward-looking statements may
-
21
-
involve
factors that could cause the actual results of the Company to differ materially
from historical results or from any results expressed or implied by such
forward-looking statements. The Company cautions the public not to place undue
reliance on forward-looking statements, which may be based on assumptions and
anticipated events that do not materialize.
Factors
that may cause actual results to differ from historical results or from any
results expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include the
following:
Reinvestment. Asset
yields today are generally lower than those assets sold or repaid, due to lower
overall interest rates and more competition for these assets. We have generally
been unable to find investments which have acceptable risk adjusted yields.
As a
result, our net interest income has been declining, and may continue to decline
in the future, resulting in lower earnings per share over time. In order to
maintain our investment portfolio size and our earnings, we need to reinvest
a
portion of the cash flows we receive into new interesting earning assets. If
we
are unable to find suitable reinvestment opportunities, the net interest income
on our investment portfolio and investment cash flows could be negatively
impacted.
Economic
Conditions.
We are
affected by general economic conditions. An increase in the risk of defaults
and
credit risk resulting from an economic slowdown or recession could result in
a
decrease in the value of our investments and the over-collateralization
associated with its securitization transactions. As a result of our being
heavily invested in short-term high quality investments, a worsening economy,
however, could also benefit us by creating opportunities for us to invest in
assets that become distressed as a result of the worsening conditions. These
changes could have an effect on our financial performance and the performance
on
our securitized loan pools.
Investment
Portfolio Cash Flow.
Cash
flows from the investment portfolio fund our operations, the preferred stock
dividend, and repayments of outstanding debt, and are subject to fluctuation
due
to changes in interest rates, repayment rates and default rates and related
losses, particularly given the high degree of internal structural leverage
inherent in our securitized investments. Based on the performance of the
underlying assets within the securitization structure, cash flows which may
have
otherwise been paid to us as a result of our ownership interest may be retained
within the structure. Cash flows from the investment portfolio are likely to
sequentially decline until we meaningfully begin to reinvest our capital. There
can be no assurances that we will be able to find suitable investment
alternatives for our capital, nor can there be assurances that we will meet
our
reinvestment and return hurdles.
Defaults.
Defaults
by borrowers on loans we securitized may have an adverse impact on our financial
performance, if actual credit losses differ materially from our estimates or
exceed reserves for losses recorded in the financial statements. The allowance
for loan losses is calculated on the basis of historical experience and
management’s best estimates. Actual default rates or loss severity may differ
from our estimate as a result of economic conditions. Actual defaults on
adjustable-rate mortgage loans may increase during a rising interest rate
environment. In addition, commercial mortgage loans are generally large dollar
balance loans, and a significant loan default may have an adverse impact on
our
financial results. Such impact may include higher provisions for loan losses
and
reduced interest income if the loan is placed on non-accrual.
Interest
Rate Fluctuations.
Our
income and cash flow depends on our ability to earn greater interest on our
investments than the interest cost to finance these investments. Interest rates
in the markets served by us generally rise or fall with interest rates as a
whole. Approximately $600 million of our investments, including loans and
securities currently pledged as securitized finance receivables and securities,
are fixed-rate and approximately $129 million of our investments are variable
rate. We currently finance these fixed-rate assets through $497 million of
fixed
rate securitization financing and $121 million of variable rate repurchase
agreements. The net interest spread for these investments could decrease during
a period of rapidly rising short-term interest rates, since the investments
generally have interest rates which reset on a delayed basis and have periodic
interest rate caps; the related borrowing has no delayed resets or such interest
rate caps.
-
22
-
Third-party
Servicers.
Our
loans
and loans underlying securities are serviced by third-party service providers.
As with any external service provider, we are subject to the risks associated
with inadequate or untimely services. Many borrowers require notices and
reminders to keep their loans current and to prevent delinquencies and
foreclosures. A substantial increase in our delinquency rate that results from
improper servicing or loan performance in general could harm our ability to
securitize our real estate loans in the future and may have an adverse effect
on
our earnings.
Prepayments.
Prepayments by borrowers on loans we securitized may have an adverse impact
on
our financial performance. Prepayments are expected to increase during a
declining interest rate or flat yield curve environment. Our exposure to rapid
prepayments is primarily (i) the faster amortization of premium on the
investments and, to the extent applicable, amortization of bond discount, and
(ii) the replacement of investments in its portfolio with lower yielding
investments.
Competition.
The
financial services industry is a highly competitive market in which we compete
with a number of institutions with greater financial resources. In purchasing
portfolio investments and in issuing securities, we compete with other mortgage
REITs, investment banking firms, savings and loan associations, commercial
banks, mortgage bankers, insurance companies, federal agencies and other
entities, many of which have greater financial resources and a lower cost of
capital than we do. Increased competition in the market and our competitors
greater financial resources have adversely affected Dynex, and may continue
to
do so. Competition may also continue to keep pressure on spreads resulting
in us
being unable to reinvest our capital on an acceptable risk-adjusted
basis.
Regulatory
Changes.
Our
businesses as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005 were not subject
to
any material federal or state regulation or licensing requirements. However,
changes in existing laws and regulations or in the interpretation thereof,
or
the introduction of new laws and regulations, could adversely affect us and
the
performance of our securitized loan pools or our ability to collect on our
delinquent property tax receivables. We are a REIT and are required to meet
certain tests in order to maintain our REIT status as described in the earlier
discussion of “Federal Income Tax Considerations.” If we should fail to maintain
our REIT status, we would not be able to hold certain investments and would
be
subject to income taxes.
Section
404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Based
on our current market capitalization, we do not anticipate that we will be
required to be compliant with the provisions of Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in 2006. However, the measurement date for
determining the compliance deadline is June 30, 2006. Failure to be compliant
may result in doubt in the capital markets about the quality and adequacy of
our
internal disclosure controls. This could result in our having difficulty in
or
being unable to raise additional capital in these markets in order to finance
our operations and future investments.
Other.
The
following risks, which are discussed in more detail in the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2005, could also affect
our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows:
· |
We
may be unable to invest in new assets with attractive yields, and
yields
on new assets in which we do invest may not generate attractive yields,
resulting in a decline in our earnings per share over
time.
|
· |
Our
ownership of certain subordinate interests in securitization trusts
subjects us to credit risk on the underlying loans, and we provide
for
loss reserves on these loans as required under GAAP.
|
· |
Certain
investments employ internal structural leverage as a result of the
securitization process, and are in the most subordinate position
in the
capital structure, which magnifies the potential impact of adverse
events
on our cash flows and reported results.
|
· |
Our
efforts to manage credit risk may not be successful in limiting
delinquencies and defaults in underlying loans or losses on our
investments.
|
· |
Prepayments
of principal on our investments, and the timing of prepayments, may
impact
our reported earnings and our cash
flows.
|
-
23 -
· |
We
finance a portion of our investment portfolio with short-term recourse
repurchase agreements which subjects us to margin calls if the assets
pledged subsequently decline in
value.
|
· |
We
may be subject to the risks associated with inadequate or untimely
services from third-party service providers, which may harm our results
of
operations.
|
· |
Interest
rate fluctuations can have various negative effects on us, and could
lead
to reduced earnings and/or increased earnings
volatility.
|
· |
Our
reported income depends on accounting conventions and assumptions
about
the future that may change.
|
· |
Failure
to qualify as a REIT would adversely affect our dividend distributions
and
could adversely affect the value of our
securities.
|
· |
Maintaining
REIT status may reduce our flexibility to manage our
operations.
|
· |
We
may fail to properly conduct our operations so as to avoid falling
under
the definition of an investment company pursuant to the Investment
Company
Act of 1940.
|
· |
We
are dependent on certain key
personnel.
|
Market
risk generally represents the risk of loss that may result from the potential
change in the value of a financial instrument due to fluctuations in interest
and foreign exchange rates and in equity and commodity prices. Market risk
is
inherent to both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments, and
accordingly, the scope of our market risk management extends beyond derivatives
to include all market risk sensitive financial instruments. As a financial
services company, net interest income comprises the primary component of Dynex’s
earnings and cash flows. The Company is subject to risk resulting from interest
rate fluctuations to the extent that there is a gap between the amount of the
Company’s interest-earning assets and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities
that are prepaid, mature or re-price within specified periods.
The
Company monitors the aggregate cash flow, projected net yield and estimated
market value of its investment portfolio under various interest rate and
prepayment assumptions. While certain investments may perform poorly in an
increasing or decreasing interest rate environment, other investments may
perform well, and others may not be impacted at all.
The
Company focuses on the sensitivity of its investment portfolio cash flow, and
measures such sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Changes in interest
rates are defined as instantaneous, parallel, and sustained interest rate
movements in 100 basis point increments. The Company estimates its interest
income cash flow for the next twenty-four months assuming interest rates over
such time period follow the forward LIBOR curve (based on 90-day Eurodollar
futures contracts) as of March 31, 2006. Once the base case has been estimated,
cash flows are projected for each of the defined interest rate scenarios. Those
scenario results are then compared against the base case to determine the
estimated change to cash flow. Cash flow changes from interest rate swaps,
caps,
floors or any other derivative instrument are included in this
analysis.
The
following table summarizes the Company’s net interest income cash flow and
market value sensitivity analyses as of March 31, 2006. These analyses represent
management’s estimate of the percentage change in net interest margin cash flow
and value expressed as a percentage change of shareholders’ equity, given a
parallel shift in interest rates, as discussed above. Other investments are
excluded from this analysis because they are not considered interest rate
sensitive. The “Base” case represents the interest rate environment as it
existed as of March 31, 2006. At March 31, 2006, one-month LIBOR was 4.83%
and
six-month LIBOR was 5.14%. The analysis is heavily dependent upon the
assumptions used in the model. The effect of changes in future interest rates,
the shape of the
-
24 -
yield
curve or the mix of assets and liabilities may cause actual results to differ
significantly from the modeled results. In addition, certain financial
instruments provide a degree of “optionality.” The most significant option
affecting our portfolio is the borrowers’ option to prepay the loans. The model
applies prepayment rate assumptions representing management’s estimate of
prepayment activity on a projected basis for each collateral pool in the
investment portfolio. The model applies the same prepayment rate assumptions
for
all five cases indicated below. The extent to which borrowers utilize the
ability to exercise their option may cause actual results to significantly
differ from the analysis. Furthermore, the projected results assume no additions
or subtractions to our portfolio, and no change to Dynex’s liability structure.
Historically, there have been significant changes in the Company’s investment
portfolio and the liabilities incurred by the Company. As a result of
anticipated prepayments on assets in the investment portfolio, there are likely
to be such changes in the future.
Basis
Point
Increase
(Decrease)
In
Interest Rates
|
Projected
Change In Net
Interest
Margin
Cash
Flow From
Base
Case
|
Projected
Change In Value, Expressed As A Percentage Of Shareholders’
Equity
|
|||||
+200
|
(3.9)%
|
|
(1.0)%
|
|
|||
+100
|
(1.5)%
|
|
(0.4)%
|
|
|||
Base
|
|||||||
-100
|
0.4%
|
|
0.0%
|
|
|||
-200
|
0.7%
|
|
0.1%
|
|
The
Company’s interest rate risk is related both to the rate of change in short term
interest rates and to the level of short-term interest rates. Approximately
$600
million of Dynex’s investment portfolio is comprised of loans or securities that
have coupon rates that are fixed. Approximately $129 million of its investment
portfolio as of March 31, 2006 was comprised of loans or securities that have
coupon rates which adjust over time (subject to certain periodic and lifetime
limitations) in conjunction with changes in short-term interest rates.
Approximately 67%, 12% and 10% of the adjustable-rate loans underlying our
securitized finance receivables are indexed to and reset based upon the level
of
six-month LIBOR, one-year constant maturity treasury rate (CMT) and prime rate,
respectively.
Generally,
during a period of rising short-term interest rates, our net interest income
earned and the corresponding cash flow on our investment portfolio will
decrease. The decrease of the net interest spread results from
(i) fixed-rate loans and investments financed with variable-rate debt, (ii)
the lag in resets of the adjustable-rate loans underlying the securitized
finance receivables relative to the rate resets on the associated borrowings,
and (iii) rate resets on the adjustable-rate loans which are generally
limited to 1% every six months or 2% every twelve months and subject to lifetime
caps, while the associated borrowings have no such limitation. As to item (i),
the Company has substantially limited its interest rate risk by match funding
fixed rate assets and variable rate assets. As to items (ii) and (iii), as
short-term interest rates stabilize and the adjustable-rate loans reset, the
net
interest margin may be partially restored as the yields on the adjustable-rate
loans adjust to market conditions.
Net
interest income may increase following a fall in short-term interest rates.
This
increase may be temporary as the yields on the adjustable-rate loans adjust
to
the new market conditions after a lag period. The net interest spread may also
be increased or decreased by the proceeds or costs of interest rate swap, cap
or
floor agreements, to the extent that Dynex has entered into such
agreements.
(a) Evaluation
of disclosure controls and procedures.
Disclosure
controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed
to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed
or submitted under the
-
25 -
Exchange
Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods
specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures
include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that
information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed under the
Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the
Company’s management, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosures.
As
of the
end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation
of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure
controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act. This
evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation
of
the Company’s management, including the Company’s Principal Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s
management concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are
effective.
In
conducting its review of disclosure controls, management concluded that
sufficient disclosure controls and procedures did exist to ensure that
information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within
the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
(b) Changes
in internal controls.
The
Company’s management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in
the
Company’s internal controls or in other factors that could materially affect, or
are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal controls over
financial reporting. There were also no significant deficiencies or material
weaknesses in such internal controls requiring corrective actions.
PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION
As
discussed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2005, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries are defendants
in
litigation. The following discussion is the current status of the
litigation.
GLS
Capital, Inc. (“GLS”), a subsidiary of the Company, and the County of Allegheny,
Pennsylvania (“Allegheny County”), are defendants in a lawsuit in the Court of
Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (the “Court”). Plaintiffs
allege that GLS illegally charged the taxpayers of Allegheny County certain
attorney fees, costs and expenses, and interest in the collection of delinquent
property tax receivables owned by GLS. Plaintiffs are seeking class action
status. During 2005, the Court held hearings in this matter, and has not
yet ruled on whether it will grant class action status in the litigation.
Plaintiffs have not enumerated its damages in this matter. The Company
believes that the ultimate outcome of this litigation will not have a material
impact on its financial condition, but may have a material impact on reported
results for the particular period presented.
The
Company and Dynex Commercial, Inc. (“DCI”), formerly an affiliate of the Company
and now known as DCI Commercial, Inc., are appellees (or “respondents”) in the
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Judicial District of Texas at Dallas, related
to
the matter of Basic Capital Management et al (collectively, “BCM” or “the
Plaintiffs”) versus Dynex Commercial, Inc. et al. Plaintiff’s appeal seeks to
overturn a judgment in favor of the Company and DCI which denied recovery to
Plaintiffs, and to have a judgment entered in favor of Plaintiffs based on
a
jury award for damages against the Company of $0.3 million, and against DCI
for
$2.2 million or $25.6 million, all of which was set aside by the trial
court. In the alternative, Plaintiffs are seeking a new trial. The Court
of Appeals heard the oral argument on the matter on April 18, 2006.
-
26 -
On
February 11, 2005, a putative class action complaint alleging violations of
the
federal securities laws and various state common law claims was filed against
Dynex Capital, Inc., our subsidiary MERIT Securities Corporation, Stephen J.
Benedetti, the Company's Executive Vice President, and Thomas H. Potts, the
Company's former President and a former Director, in United States District
Court for the Southern District of New York ("District Court") by the Teamsters
Local 445 Freight Division Pension Fund ("Teamsters"). The lawsuit
purported to be a class action on behalf of purchasers of MERIT Series 13
securitization financing bonds, which are collateralized by manufactured housing
loans. On May 31, 2005, the Teamsters filed an amended class action
complaint. The amended complaint dropped all state common law claims but
added federal securities claims related to the MERIT Series 12 securitization
financing bonds. On July 15, 2005, the defendants moved to
dismiss the amended complaint. On February 10, 2006, the District Court
dismissed the claims against Messrs. Benedetti and Potts, but did not dismiss
the claims against Dynex and MERIT. On February 24, 2006, Dynex
and MERIT moved for reconsideration and interlocutory appeal of the District
Court's order denying the motion to dismiss Dynex and MERIT. The
Company has evaluated the allegations and believes them to be without merit
and
intends to continue to vigorously defend itself against them.
Although
no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of the above
litigation, the Company believes the resolution of these lawsuits will not
have
a material effect on our consolidated balance sheet but could materially affect
our consolidated results of operations in a given year.
There
have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A - Risk
Factors of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2005 (the “Form 10-K”). The materialization of any risks and uncertainties
identified in the Company’s Forward Looking Statements contained herein together
with those previously disclosed in the Form 10-K or those that are presently
unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on the Company’s
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See Item 2.
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations - Forward Looking Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q.
On
November 15, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a common stock
repurchase program under which the Company may purchase up to one million shares
of its common stock. Subject
to the applicable securities laws and the terms of the Series D Preferred Stock
designation, future repurchases of common stock will be made
at
times and in amounts as the Company deems appropriate and may be suspended
or
discontinued at any time. The following table provides common stock repurchases
made by or on behalf of the Company during the three months ended March 31,
2006.
-
27 -
Period
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased
|
Average
Price Paid per Share
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan or
Program
|
Maximum
Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased under the Plan or
Program
|
|
Beginning
|
Ending
|
||||
January
1, 2006
|
January
31, 2006
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,000,000
|
February
1, 2006
|
February
28, 2006
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,000,000
|
March
1, 2006
|
March
31, 2006
|
20,300
|
$
6.72
|
20,300
|
979,700
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,300
|
$
6.72
|
20,300
|
979,700
|
None
Not
applicable
None
31.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant
to
Section 302 (filed herewith).
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant
to
Section 906 (filed herewith).
|
-
28 -
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant
has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto
duly authorized.
DYNEX
CAPITAL, INC.
|
|
Date:
May 15, 2006
|
/s/
Stephen J. Benedetti
|
Stephen
J. Benedetti
|
|
Executive
Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
|
|
(Principal
Executive Officer and Principal Financial
Officer)
|
-
29 -
EXHIBIT
INDEX
Exhibit
No.
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant
to
Section 302 (filed herewith).
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant
to
Section 906 (filed herewith).
|