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EAST WEST BANCORP INC - Quarter Report: 2009 September (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 10-Q
 

Mark One

 

x      QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009

 

or

 

o         TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                 to                .

 

Commission file number 000-24939

 

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

95-4703316

(State or other jurisdiction of

 

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)

 

135 N. Los Robles Ave, 7th Floor, Pasadena, California 91101

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

(626) 768-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes x  No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes o  No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filed, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See definition of “large accelerated filer and accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer x

 

 

 

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Smaller reporting company o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes o  No x

 

Number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock on the latest practicable date: 91,732,640 shares of common stock as of October 31, 2009.

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

4

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

4-7

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

8-39

 

 

 

 

 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

40-79

 

 

 

 

 

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

79

 

 

 

 

 

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

79-80

 

 

 

 

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

81

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

81

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

81-82

 

 

 

 

 

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

83

 

 

 

 

 

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

83

 

 

 

 

 

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

83

 

 

 

 

 

Item 5.

Other Information

83

 

 

 

 

 

Item 6.

Exhibits

83-84

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURE

85

 

2



Table of Contents

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

Certain matters discussed in this Quarterly Report may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and as such, may involve risks and uncertainties.  These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things, expectations of the environment in which the Company operates and projections of future performance including future earnings and financial condition.  The Company’s actual results, performance, or achievements may differ significantly from the results, performance, or achievements expected or implied in such forward-looking statements.  Such risk and uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, adverse developments or conditions related to or arising from:

 

·                  changes in our borrowers’ performance on loans;

 

·                  changes in the commercial and consumer real estate markets;

 

·                  changes in our costs of operation, compliance and expansion;

 

·                  changes in the economy, including inflation;

 

·                  changes in government interest rate policies;

 

·                  changes in laws or the regulatory environment;

 

·                  changes in critical accounting policies and judgments;

 

·                  changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other regulatory agencies;

 

·                  changes in the equity and debt securities markets;

 

·                  changes in competitive pressures on financial institutions;

 

·                  effect of additional provision for loan losses;

 

·                  effect of any acquisitions we may make;

 

·                  effect of any goodwill impairment;

 

·                  fluctuations of our stock price;

 

·                  success and timing of our business strategies;

 

·                  impact of reputational risk created by these developments on such matters as business generation and retention, funding and liquidity;

 

·                  changes in our ability to receive dividends from our subsidiaries; and

 

·                  political developments, wars or other hostilities that may disrupt or increase volatility in securities or otherwise affect economic conditions.

 

For a more detailed discussion of some of the factors that might cause such differences, see the Company’s 2008 Form 10-K under the heading “ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” and the information set forth under “RISK FACTORS” in this Form 10-Q.  The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of events or circumstances after the date of such statements except as required by law.

 

3



Table of Contents

 

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

$

132,569

 

$

144,486

 

Short-term investments

 

460,665

 

734,367

 

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

320,860

 

228,441

 

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

75,000

 

50,000

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (with fair value of $799,729 at September 30, 2009 and $123,105 at December 31, 2008)

 

781,331

 

122,317

 

Investment securities available-for-sale, at fair value (with amortized cost of $1,496,992 at September 30, 2009 and $2,189,570 at December 31, 2008)

 

1,457,023

 

2,040,194

 

Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $230,650 at September 30, 2009 and $178,027 at December 31, 2008

 

8,156,838

 

8,069,377

 

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost

 

86,729

 

86,729

 

Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost

 

36,785

 

27,589

 

Other real estate owned, net

 

24,185

 

38,302

 

Investment in affordable housing partnerships

 

60,546

 

48,141

 

Premises and equipment, net

 

55,011

 

60,184

 

Due from customers on acceptances

 

5,414

 

5,538

 

Premiums on deposits acquired, net

 

17,904

 

21,190

 

Goodwill

 

337,438

 

337,438

 

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies

 

97,511

 

94,745

 

Deferred tax assets

 

156,047

 

184,588

 

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

 

224,074

 

129,190

 

TOTAL

 

$

12,485,930

 

$

12,422,816

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Customer deposit accounts:

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-bearing

 

$

1,397,217

 

$

1,292,997

 

Interest-bearing

 

7,271,340

 

6,848,962

 

Total customer deposits

 

8,668,557

 

8,141,959

 

Federal funds purchased

 

3,022

 

28,022

 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

923,216

 

1,353,307

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

1,019,450

 

998,430

 

Notes payable

 

7,111

 

16,506

 

Bank acceptances outstanding

 

5,414

 

5,538

 

Long-term debt

 

235,570

 

235,570

 

Accrued interest payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

101,808

 

92,718

 

Total liabilities

 

10,964,148

 

10,872,050

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 8)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; Series A, non-cumulative convertible, 200,000 shares issued and 85,741 shares outstanding in 2009 and 196,505 shares outstanding in 2008; Series B, cumulative, 306,546 shares issued and outstanding in 2009 and 2008.

 

367,922

 

472,311

 

Common stock, $0.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 98,442,732 and 70,377,989 shares issued in 2009 and 2008, respectively; 91,693,532 and 63,745,624 shares outstanding in 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

98

 

70

 

Additional paid in capital

 

929,558

 

695,521

 

Retained earnings

 

351,721

 

572,172

 

Treasury stock, at cost — 6,749,200 shares in 2009 and 6,632,365 shares in 2008

 

(104,338

)

(102,817

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

 

(23,179

)

(86,491

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

1,521,782

 

1,550,766

 

TOTAL

 

$

12,485,930

 

$

12,422,816

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

4



Table of Contents

 

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans receivable, including fees

 

$

114,512

 

$

131,682

 

$

336,997

 

$

425,113

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity

 

12,060

 

 

31,077

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

16,425

 

23,141

 

57,101

 

75,923

 

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

2,153

 

1,276

 

4,695

 

5,533

 

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

1,454

 

5

 

4,678

 

14

 

Short-term investments

 

402

 

1,953

 

2,663

 

3,093

 

Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock

 

552

 

415

 

1,604

 

1,122

 

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock

 

366

 

1,390

 

365

 

4,153

 

Total interest and dividend income

 

147,924

 

159,862

 

439,180

 

514,951

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTEREST EXPENSE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customer deposit accounts

 

26,970

 

40,757

 

94,933

 

136,546

 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

11,172

 

17,140

 

38,191

 

54,363

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

12,140

 

12,063

 

36,016

 

33,881

 

Long-term debt

 

1,760

 

2,957

 

6,211

 

9,675

 

Federal funds purchased

 

2

 

430

 

8

 

2,176

 

Total interest expense

 

52,044

 

73,347

 

175,359

 

236,641

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET INTEREST INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

 

95,880

 

86,515

 

263,821

 

278,310

 

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

 

159,244

 

43,000

 

388,666

 

183,000

 

NET INTEREST (LOSS) INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

 

(63,364

)

43,515

 

(124,845

)

95,310

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NONINTEREST (LOSS) INCOME

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment loss on investment securities

 

(45,199

)

(53,567

)

(82,846

)

(63,512

)

Less: Noncredit-related impairment loss recorded in other comprehensive income

 

20,950

 

 

20,950

 

 

Net impairment loss on investment securities recognized in earnings

 

(24,249

)

(53,567

)

(61,896

)

(63,512

)

Branch fees

 

4,679

 

4,285

 

14,463

 

12,725

 

Net gain on sale of investment securities

 

2,177

 

 

7,378

 

7,767

 

Letters of credit fees and commissions

 

1,984

 

2,319

 

5,768

 

7,472

 

Ancillary loan fees

 

1,227

 

1,783

 

4,812

 

3,908

 

Income from life insurance policies

 

1,090

 

1,029

 

3,269

 

3,081

 

Net gain on sale of loans

 

8

 

144

 

19

 

2,272

 

Other operating income

 

1,204

 

457

 

1,902

 

2,088

 

Total noninterest (loss) income

 

(11,880

)

(43,550

)

(24,285

)

(24,199

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NONINTEREST EXPENSE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation and employee benefits

 

15,875

 

17,520

 

49,492

 

66,578

 

Occupancy and equipment expense

 

6,262

 

6,817

 

19,950

 

20,364

 

Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments

 

6,057

 

1,678

 

18,950

 

5,191

 

Other real estate owned expense

 

767

 

2,123

 

16,480

 

3,520

 

Loan-related expense

 

2,197

 

2,361

 

5,274

 

5,967

 

Amortization of investments in affordable housing partnerships

 

1,709

 

1,886

 

5,121

 

5,521

 

Legal expense

 

1,323

 

855

 

4,856

 

3,890

 

Data processing

 

1,079

 

1,055

 

3,362

 

3,386

 

Amortization and impairment loss on premiums on deposits acquired

 

1,069

 

1,581

 

3,286

 

6,145

 

Deposit-related expenses

 

948

 

1,231

 

2,863

 

3,416

 

Impairment loss on goodwill

 

 

272

 

 

858

 

Other operating expenses

 

8,778

 

11,147

 

25,748

 

32,235

 

Total noninterest expense

 

46,064

 

48,526

 

155,382

 

157,071

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LOSS BEFORE BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES

 

(121,308

)

(48,561

)

(304,512

)

(85,960

)

BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES

 

(52,777

)

(17,355

)

(126,790

)

(33,911

)

Net loss before extraordinary item

 

(68,531

)

(31,206

)

(177,722

)

(52,049

)

Impact of desecuritization (Note 7)

 

 

 

5,366

 

 

NET LOSS AFTER EXTRAORDINARY ITEM

 

(68,531

)

(31,206

)

(183,088

)

(52,049

)

PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS, INDUCEMENT, AND AMORTIZATION OF PREFERRED STOCK DISCOUNT

 

(10,620

)

(4,089

)

(42,986

)

(4,089

)

NET LOSS AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

 

$

(79,151

)

$

(35,295

)

$

(226,074

)

$

(56,138

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LOSS PER SHARE AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC

 

$

(0.91

)

$

(0.56

)

$

(3.19

)

$

(0.90

)

DILUTED

 

$

(0.91

)

$

(0.56

)

$

(3.19

)

$

(0.90

)

DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE

 

$

0.01

 

$

0.10

 

$

0.04

 

$

0.30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC

 

86,538

 

62,675

 

70,967

 

62,586

 

DILUTED

 

86,538

 

62,675

 

70,967

 

62,586

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

5



Table of Contents

 

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paid In

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Preferred

 

Preferred

 

Common

 

Paid In

 

Retained

 

Treasury

 

Loss,

 

Comprehensive

 

Stockholders’

 

 

 

Stock

 

Stock

 

Stock

 

Capital

 

Earnings

 

Stock

 

Net of Tax

 

Income (Loss)

 

Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE, JANUARY 1, 2008

 

$

 

 

 

$

70

 

$

652,297

 

$

657,183

 

$

(98,925

)

$

(38,802

)

 

 

$

1,171,823

 

Comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss for the period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(52,049

)

 

 

 

 

$

(52,049

)

(52,049

)

Net unrealized loss on investment securities available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(33,797

)

(33,797

)

(33,797

)

Total comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(85,846

)

 

 

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle pursuant to adoption of ASC 715-60 (previously EITF 06-4)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(479

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(479

)

Stock compensation costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,515

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,515

 

Tax provision from stock plans

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(238

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(238

)

Issuance of 200,000 shares Series A convertible preferred stock, net of stock issuance costs

 

 

 

194,068

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

194,068

 

Conversion of 2,600 shares of Preferred Stock

 

 

 

(2,523

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,523

)

Issuance of 168,983 shares of Common Stock from converted 2,600 shares of Preferred Stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,523

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,523

 

Issuance of 400,834 shares pursuant to various stock plans and agreements

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,623

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,623

 

Issuance of 18,361 shares pursuant to Director retainer fee

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

219

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

219

 

Cancellation of 102,058 shares due to forfeitures of issued restricted stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,238

 

 

 

(3,238

)

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase accounting adjustment pursuant to DCB Acquisition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,298

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,298

 

Purchase of 410 shares of treasury stock due to the vesting of restricted stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(8

)

 

 

 

 

(8

)

Dividends paid on preferred stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,089

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,089

)

Dividends paid on common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(19,005

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(19,005

)

BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2008

 

$

 

$

191,545

 

$

70

 

$

666,475

 

$

581,561

 

$

(102,171

)

$

(72,599

)

 

 

$

1,264,881

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2008

 

$

 

$

472,311

 

$

70

 

$

695,521

 

$

572,172

 

$

(102,817

)

$

(86,491

)

 

 

$

1,550,766

 

Cumulative effect adjustment for reclassification of the previously recognized noncredit-related impairment loss on investment securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8,110

 

 

 

(8,110

)

 

 

 

BALANCE, JANUARY 1, 2009

 

$

 

$

472,311

 

$

70

 

$

695,521

 

$

580,282

 

$

(102,817

)

$

(94,601

)

 

 

$

1,550,766

 

Comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss after extraordinary item for the year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(183,088

)

 

 

 

 

$

(183,088

)

(183,088

)

Net unrealized gain on investment securities available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

53,021

 

53,021

 

53,021

 

Net unrealized loss as a result of desecuritization

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30,551

 

30,551

 

30,551

 

Noncredit-related impairment loss on investment securities recorded in the current year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(12,150

)

(12,150

)

(12,150

)

Total comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(111,666

)

 

 

Stock compensation costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,370

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,370

 

Tax provision from stock plans

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(498

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(498

)

Preferred stock issuance and conversion cost

 

 

 

(180

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(180

)

Common stock issuance cost

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5,535

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5,535

)

Induced conversion of 110,764 shares of Preferred Stock

 

 

 

(107,474

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(107,474

)

Issuance of 9,968,760 shares of Common Stock from converted 110,764 shares of Preferred Stock

 

 

 

 

 

10

 

107,464

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

107,474

 

Issuance of 5,000,000 shares Common Stock from Private Placement

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

27,495

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27,500

 

Issuance of 12,650,000 shares Common Stock from Public Offering

 

 

 

 

 

12

 

80,316

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

80,328

 

Issuance of 423,597 shares pursuant to various stock plans and agreements

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

399

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

400

 

Issuance of 22,386 shares pursuant to Director retainer fee

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

219

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

219

 

Cancellation of 60,578 shares due to forfeitures of issued restricted stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,467

 

 

 

(1,467

)

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of 11,166 shares of treasury stock due to the vesting of restricted stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(54

)

 

 

 

 

(54

)

Amortization of Series B preferred stock discount

 

 

 

3,265

 

 

 

 

 

(3,265

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock dividends

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(21,381

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(21,381

)

Common stock dividends

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,487

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,487

)

Inducement of preferred stock conversion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,340

 

(18,340

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2009

 

$

 

$

367,922

 

$

98

 

$

929,558

 

$

351,721

 

$

(104,338

)

$

(23,179

)

 

 

$

1,521,782

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Disclosure of reclassification amounts:

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized holding gain (loss) on securities arising during the period, net of tax (expense) benefit of $ (37,620) in 2009 and $ 47,887 in 2008

 

$

51,952

 

$

(66,129

)

Less: Reclassification adjustment for gain included in net loss, net of tax expense of $(22,898) in 2009 and $(23,413) in 2008

 

31,620

 

32,332

 

Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities, net of tax (expense) benefit of $ (60,518) in 2009 and $ 24,474 in 2008

 

$

83,572

 

$

(33,797

)

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss after extraordinary item

 

$

(183,088

)

$

(52,049

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

16,847

 

12,754

 

Impairment loss on goodwill

 

 

858

 

Credit related impairment loss on investment securities available-for-sale

 

61,896

 

63,512

 

Impairment loss on other equity investment

 

581

 

 

Stock compensation costs

 

4,370

 

4,515

 

Deferred tax benefit

 

(16,886

)

(78,929

)

Provision for loan losses and impact of desecuritization

 

397,929

 

183,000

 

Provision for loan loss on other real estate owned

 

17,670

 

2,121

 

Net gain on sales of investment securities, loans and other assets

 

(2,827

)

(8,570

)

Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividends

 

 

(3,777

)

Originations of loans held for sale

 

(33,248

)

(42,100

)

Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale

 

33,318

 

42,458

 

Tax provision from stock plans

 

498

 

238

 

Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets

 

(11,050

)

25,755

 

Net change in accrued interest payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

(97,694

)

(5,485

)

Total adjustments

 

371,404

 

196,350

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

188,316

 

144,301

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in loans receivable

 

318,232

 

265,375

 

Purchases of:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

(417,909

)

(495

)

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

(50,000

)

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity

 

(697,768

)

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

(1,314,263

)

(1,657,219

)

Loans receivable

 

(350,000

)

 

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

 

 

(9,400

)

Federal Reserve Bank stock

 

(9,196

)

(5,904

)

Investments in affordable housing partnerships

 

(22

)

 

Premises and equipment

 

(433

)

(3,173

)

Proceeds from:

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of investment securities

 

336,710

 

376,148

 

Sale/call of securities purchased under resale agreements

 

25,000

 

100,000

 

Sale of loans receivable

 

105,227

 

148,254

 

Sale of other real estate owned

 

51,807

 

28,084

 

Sale of premises and equipment

 

8

 

85

 

Maturity of interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

325,494

 

 

Repayments, maturity and redemption of investment securities

 

1,040,828

 

1,011,854

 

Dividends/redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

 

182

 

12,000

 

Acquisitions, net of cash paid

 

 

(1,158

)

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

 

(636,103

)

264,451

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Net proceeds from (payment for):

 

 

 

 

 

Deposits

 

526,598

 

257,435

 

Issuance of short-term borrowings

 

(3,980

)

(544,320

)

Proceeds from:

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of long-term borrowings

 

 

250,000

 

Issuance of preferred stock

 

 

200,000

 

Issuance of common stock from public offering

 

80,328

 

 

Issuance of common stock from private placement

 

27,500

 

 

Issuance of common stock pursuant to various stock plans and agreements

 

400

 

1,623

 

Payment for:

 

 

 

 

 

Repayment of long-term borrowings

 

(430,000

)

(170,000

)

Repayment of notes payable on affordable housing investments

 

(9,395

)

(7,091

)

Repurchase of treasury shares pursuant to stock repurchase program and vesting of restricted stock

 

(54

)

(8

)

Issuance and conversion costs of preferred stock & common stock

 

(5,715

)

(5,932

)

Cash dividends on preferred stock

 

(20,530

)

(4,089

)

Cash dividends on common stock

 

(2,486

)

(19,005

)

Tax provision from stock plans

 

(498

)

(238

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

162,168

 

(41,625

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

(285,619

)

367,127

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD

 

878,853

 

160,347

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

 

$

593,234

 

$

527,474

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid during the period for:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest

 

184,054

 

231,717

 

Income tax payments, net of refunds

 

(13,126

)

39,743

 

Noncash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Desecuritization of loans receivable

 

635,614

 

 

Loans to facilitate sales of loans receivable

 

130,509

 

52,500

 

Transfers to real estate owned/affordable housing partnership

 

116,124

 

46,614

 

Loans to facilitate sales of real estate owned

 

38,605

 

 

Issuance of common stock in lieu of Board of Director retainer fees

 

219

 

219

 

Afforadable housing investment financed through notes payable

 

 

3,000

 

Purchase accounting adjustment in connection with acquisition

 

 

2,298

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

(Unaudited)

 

1.              BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of East West Bancorp, Inc. (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “East West” and on a consolidated basis as the “Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, East West Bank and subsidiaries (the “Bank”) and East West Insurance Services, Inc.  Intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.  East West also has nine wholly-owned subsidiaries that are statutory business trusts (the “Trusts”).  In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, (previously FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities), the Trusts are not consolidated into the accounts of East West Bancorp, Inc.

 

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements, presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), are unaudited and reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of financial condition and results of operations for the interim periods.  All adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature.  Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the year as a whole.  Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted.  Events subsequent to the condensed consolidated balance sheet date have been evaluated through November 3, 2009, the date the financial statements are available to be issued, for inclusion in the accompanying financial statements.  The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

 

2.              SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Recent Accounting Standards

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued ASC 805 (previously SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations).  ASC 805 establishes principles and requirements for how an acquiring company (1) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree, (2) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase, and (3) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination.  ASC 805 is effective for business combinations occurring on or after the beginning of the fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008.  ASC 805, effective for the Company on January 1, 2009, applies to all transactions or other events in which the Company obtains control of one or more businesses.  Management will assess each transaction on a case-by-case basis as they occur.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued ASC 810-10 (previously SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - an Amendment of ARB No. 51).  This Statement requires

 

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that noncontrolling or minority interests in subsidiaries be presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the parents’ equity, and that the amount of the consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income.  ASC 810-10 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued ASC 860-10-35-2 and ASC 860-10-40-42 (previously FASB Staff Position FAS No. 140-3, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets and Repurchase Financing Transactions), which provides a consistent framework for the evaluation of a transfer of a financial asset and subsequent  repurchase agreement entered into with the same counterparty.  ASC 860-10-35-2 and ASC 860-10-40-42 provide guidelines that must be met in order for an initial transfer and subsequent repurchase agreement to not be considered linked for evaluation.  If the transactions do not meet the specified criteria, they are required to be accounted for as one transaction.  This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and shall be applied prospectively to initial transfers and repurchase financings for which the initial transfer is executed on or after adoption.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued ASC 820-10 (previously SFAS No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157), which provided for a one-year deferral of the implementation of this standard for other nonfinanical assets and liabilities, effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.  The adoption of this additional guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued ASC 815-10-50 (previously SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities).  ASC 815-10-50 requires specific disclosures regarding the location and amounts of derivative instruments in the financial statements; how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for; and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of the Company.  It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, with early adoption encouraged.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In April 2008, the FASB directed the FASB Staff to issue ASC 350-30-35-1 (previously FSP No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets).  ASC 350-30-35-1 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used for purposes of determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under ASC 350 (previously SFAS 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”).  ASC 350-30-35-1 is intended to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under ASC 350 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under ASC 805 and other GAAP.  ASC 350-30-35-1  is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  Earlier application is not permitted.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In June 2008, the FASB issued ASC 260-10-45 (previously FSP EITF 03-06-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities).  ASC 260-10-45 requires all outstanding unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to nonforfeitable dividends to be considered participating securities and requires entities to apply the two-class method of computing basic and diluted earnings per share.  This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early adoption

 

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is prohibited.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per share calculation.

 

In December 2008, the FASB issued ASC-10-50 (previously FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8, “Disclosures by Public Entities (Enterprises) About Transfers of Financial Assets and Interests in Variable Interest Entities”).  This disclosure-only ASC improves the transparency of transfers of financial assets and an enterprise’s involvement with variable interest entities (VIEs), including qualifying special-purpose entities (QSPEs).  The disclosures required by this ASC are intended to provide greater transparency to financial statement users about a transferor’s continuing involvement with transferred financial assets and an enterprise’s involvement with variable interest entities and qualifying SPEs.  This ASC shall be effective for the first reporting period ending after December 15, 2008, with earlier application encouraged, and shall be applied for each annual and interim reporting period thereafter.  The disclosure requirements related to the adoption of this guidance are presented in Note 3 and Note 8 of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In January 2009, the FASB issued ASC 325-40 (previously FSP EITF 99-20-1), Amendments to the Impairment Guidance of EITF Issue No. 99-20, which revises the other-than-temporary-impairment (“OTTI”) guidance on beneficial interests in securitized financial assets that are within the scope of EITF 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets).  ASC 325-40 amends Issue 99-20, to more closely align its OTTI guidance with ASC 320-10 (previously FASB Statement No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities), by (1) removing the notion of a “market participant” and (2) inserting a “probable” concept related to the estimation of a beneficial interest’s cash flows.  ASC 325-40 is effective prospectively for interim and annual periods ending after December 15, 2008.  Retrospective application of this ASC is prohibited.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In April 2009, the FASB issued ASC 320-10-65 (previously FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments), which makes changes to the timing of loss recognition and earnings for debt and similar investment securities classified as either “available-for-sale” or “held-to-maturity”.  The ASC provides that if an entity intends to sell an impaired debt security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, or if it is more likely than not that it will have to sell the security prior to recovery, then the full amount of the impairment is to be classified as other-than-temporary and recognized in earnings.  Otherwise, the portion of the impairment loss deemed to constitute a credit loss is considered an OTTI loss to be reported in earnings. The non-credit loss portion is recognized in other comprehensive income.  This ASC also requires entities to initially apply the provisions of the standard to the noncredit portion of previously recorded OTTI impaired securities, existing as of the date of initial adoption, by making a cumulative-effect adjustment from the opening balance of retained earnings to other comprehensive income in the period of adjustment.  Upon adoption of ASC 320-10-65, the Company reclassified the noncredit portion of previously recognized OTTI totaling $8.1 million, net of tax, from the opening balance of retained earnings to other comprehensive income.  Additionally, upon implementation of this ASC as of March 31, 2009, the Company recorded $200 thousand, on a pre-tax basis, of the credit portion of OTTI through earnings and $7.6 million, net of tax, of the non-credit portion of OTTI in other comprehensive income.

 

In April 2009, the FASB issued ASC 820-10-65 (previously FSP FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly), which provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with ASC 820 when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased.  ASC 820-10-65 also requires additional disclosures relating to fair value measurement inputs and valuation techniques, as well as providing disclosures for all debt and equity investment securities by major security types rather than by major security categories that should be

 

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based on the nature and risks of the security during both interim and annual periods.  The adoption of this ASC resulted in additional disclosures which are presented in Note 3 of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In April 2009, the FASB issued ASC 820-10-50, (previously FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments), which increases the frequency of fair value disclosures from an annual basis only to a quarterly basis.  The guidance will require public entities to disclose in their interim financial statements the fair value of all financial instruments within the scope of ASC 825 (previously SFAS No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments), as well as the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of those instruments.  The ASC shall be effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009.  An entity may early adopt this ASC only if it also elects to early adopt ASC 820-10-65 and ASC 320-10-65.  This ASC does not require disclosures for earlier periods presented for comparative periods at initial adoption.  In periods after initial adoption, this ASC requires comparative disclosures only for periods ending after the initial adoption.  The adoption of this ASC on June 30, 2009 resulted in additional disclosures which are presented in Note 3 of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2009, the FASB issued ASC 855, (previously SFAS No. 165, Subsequent Events).  ASC 855 requires entities to recognize in the financial statements the effect of all events or transactions that provide additional evidence of conditions that existed at the balance sheet date, including the estimates inherent in the financial statement preparation process.  Entities shall not recognize the impact of events or transactions that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the balance sheet date but arose after that date.  ASC 855 also requires entities to disclose the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated.  ASC 855 was effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In June 2009, the FASB issued ASC 860 (previously SFAS No. 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets, which amends Statement 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities), and will require more information about transfers of financial assets, including securitization transactions, and where companies have continuing exposure to the risks related to transferred financial assets.  It eliminates the concept of a “qualifying special-purpose entity,” changes the requirements for derecognizing financial assets, and requires additional disclosures.  It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009, and early adoption is prohibited.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this statement will have on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In June 2009, the FASB issued ASC 810 (previously SFAS No. 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)), which is a revision to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, and changes how a company determines when an entity that is insufficiently capitalized or is not controlled through voting (or similar rights) should be consolidated.  The determination of whether a company is required to consolidate an entity is based on, among other things, an entity’s purpose and design and a company’s ability to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance.  It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009, and early adoption is prohibited.  The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In June 2009, the FASB issued ASC 105 (previously SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) — a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162 (“Codification”)).  This Codification is the source of

 

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authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities.  All of the contents of the Codification carries the same level of authority, effectively superseding SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.  In other words, the GAAP hierarchy has been modified to include only two levels of GAAP: authoritative and nonauthoritative.  The Codification is not intended to change GAAP, but it will change the way GAAP is organized and presented.  The Codification is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  In order to ease the transition to the Codification, the Company has provided the Codification cross-reference alongside the references to the standards issued and adopted prior to the adoption of the Codification.

 

In August 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-05, Measuring Liabilities at Fair Value, which provides guidance on measuring the fair value of liabilities under FASB ASC 820.  ASU 2009-05 reaffirms that fair value measurement of a liability assumes the transfer of a liability to a market participant as of the measurement date.  ASU 2009-05 is effective for the first interim reporting period after issuance.  The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

3.              FAIR VALUE

 

The Company adopted ASC 820 effective January 1, 2008, which  provides a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP.  This standard applies to all financial assets and liabilities that are being measured and reported at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis.  For the Company, this includes the investment securities available-for-sale portfolio, equity swap agreements, derivatives payable, mortgage servicing assets, and impaired loans.

 

The Company adopted ASC 820-10 effective January 1, 2009, which provided for a one-year deferral of the implementation of ASC 820 for other nonfinanical assets and liabilities, effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.  For the Company, this includes other real estate owned (“OREO”).

 

Upon adoption of ASC 820-10-65 effective March 31, 2009, the Company has provided additional disclosures relating to fair value measurement inputs and valuation techniques as well as providing disclosures for all debt and equity investment securities by major security types rather than by major security categories that should be based on the nature and risks of the security during both interim and annual periods.

 

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  In determining fair value, the Company uses various methods including market and income approaches.  Based on these approaches, the Company often utilizes certain assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.  These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable firm inputs.  The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  Based on the observability of the inputs used in the valuation techniques, the Company is required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy.  The hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices available in active markets and the lowest priority to data lacking transparency.  Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

 

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·                  Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments that are highly liquid, observable and actively traded in over-the-counter markets.  Level 1 financial instruments typically include U.S. Treasury securities.

 

·                  Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable and can be corroborated by market data.  Level 2 financial instruments typically include U.S. Government debt and agency mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, U.S. Government sponsored enterprise preferred stock securities, trust preferred securities, equity swap agreements, and OREO.

 

·                  Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.  Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.  This category typically includes mortgage servicing assets, impaired loans, private label mortgage-backed securities, pooled trust preferred securities, and derivatives payable.

 

In determining the appropriate hierarchy levels, the Company performs a detailed analysis of assets and liabilities that are subject to fair value disclosure.  The following table presents both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis.  These assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at their fair values as of September 30, 2009.  Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement.

 

 

 

Assets (Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of September 30, 2009

 

 

 

Fair Value
Measurements

September 30, 2009

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

 

 

(In Thousands)

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

2,215

 

$

2,215

 

$

 

$

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

476,735

 

 

476,735

 

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 

26,980

 

 

26,980

 

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

772,374

 

 

772,374

 

 

Municipal securities

 

17,926

 

 

17,926

 

 

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

26,992

 

 

26,992

 

 

Non-investment grade

 

15,534

 

 

 

15,534

 

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

103,278

 

 

102,418

 

860

 

Non-investment grade

 

11,701

 

 

6,210

 

5,491

 

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities

 

3,288

 

 

3,288

 

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale

 

$

1,457,023

 

$

2,215

 

$

1,432,923

 

$

21,885

 

Equity swap agreements

 

$

13,728

 

 

 

$

13,728

 

 

 

Derivatives payable

 

(13,733

)

 

 

 

 

(13,733

)

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value
Measurements
September 30, 2009

 

Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Total Gains
(Losses)

 

 

 

(In Thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mortgage Servicing Assets

 

$

9,060

 

$

 

$

 

$

9,060

 

$

(20

)

Impaired Loans

 

119,413

 

 

 

119,413

 

(54,541

)

OREO

 

16,092

 

 

16,092

 

 

(4,644

)

 

 

 

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value
Measurements
September 30, 2009

 

Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Total Gains
(Losses)

 

 

 

(In Thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mortgage Servicing Assets

 

$

9,060

 

$

 

$

 

$

9,060

 

$

660

 

Impaired Loans

 

140,756

 

 

 

140,756

 

(81,547

)

OREO

 

16,920

 

 

16,920

 

 

(6,792

)

 

At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3.  The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for available-for-sale investment securities by major security type and for major asset and liability categories measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:

 

 

 

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential
Mortgage-Backed

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities

 

 

 

Non-

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

Non-Investment
Grade

 

Investment
Grade

 

Investment
Grade

 

Derivatives
Payable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning balance, July 1, 2009

 

$

32,460

 

$

16,628

 

$

1,245

 

$

14,587

 

$

(13,323

)

Total gains or (losses) (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

(24,164

)

1

 

5

 

(24,170

)

(410

)

Included in other comprehensive loss (unrealized) (2)

 

12,604

 

(1,095

)

(374

)

14,073

 

 

 

Purchases, issuances, sales, settlements (3)

 

985

 

 

(16

)

1,001

 

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 (4)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance, September 30, 2009

 

$

21,885

 

$

15,534

 

$

860

 

$

5,491

 

$

(13,733

)

Changes in unrealized losses included in earnings relating to assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2009

 

$

(23,839

)

$

 

$

 

$

(24,249

)

$

410

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential
Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-

 

 

 

Non-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment

 

Investment

 

Investment

 

Investment

 

Residual

 

Derivatives

 

 

 

Total

 

Grade

 

Grade

 

Grade

 

Grade

 

Securities

 

Payable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning balance, January 1, 2009

 

$624,351

 

$527,109

 

$10,216

 

$1,294

 

$35,670

 

$50,062

 

$(14,142

)

Total gains or (losses) (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

(55,119

)

2,629

 

193

 

12

 

(61,810

)

3,857

 

409

 

Included in other comprehensive loss (unrealized) (2)

 

105,387

 

101,456

 

1,363

 

(408

)

27,996

 

(25,020

)

 

 

Purchases, issuances, sales, settlements (3)

 

(652,734

)

(613,582

)

(13,850

)

(38

)

3,635

 

(28,899

)

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 (4)

 

 

(17,612

)

17,612

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance, September 30, 2009

 

$21,885

 

$—

 

$15,534

 

$860

 

$5,491

 

$—

 

$(13,733

)

Changes in unrealized losses included in earnings relating to assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2009

 

$(62,305

)

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$(61,896

)

$—

 

$(409

)

 


1)              Total gains or losses represent the total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 assets and liabilities.  Realized gains or losses are reported in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

2)              Unrealized gains or losses as well as the noncredit portion of OTTI on investment securities are reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity.

 

3)              Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements represent Level 3 assets and liabilities that were either purchased, issued, sold, or settled during the period.  The amounts are recorded at their end of period fair values.  In May 2009, the Company desecuritized its portfolio of private-label mortgage backed securities resulting in a $635.6 million decrease in Level 3 investment grade mortgage-backed securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

4)              Transfers in and/or out represent existing assets and liabilities that were either previously categorized as a higher level and the inputs to the model became unobservable or assets and liabilities that were previously classified as Level 3 and the lowest significant input became observable during the period.  These assets and liabilities are recorded at their end of period fair values.

 

Valuation Methodologies

 

Investment Securities Available-for-SaleThe fair values of available-for-sale investment securities are generally determined by reference to the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers or prices obtained from independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities.  In obtaining such valuation information from third parties, the Company has reviewed the methodologies used to develop the resulting fair values.

 

The Company’s Level 3 available-for-sale securities include one private-label mortgage-backed security and certain pooled trust preferred securities.  The fair values of the private-label mortgage-backed security and pooled trust preferred securities have traditionally been based on the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers since broker quotes in an active market are given the highest priority.  However, as a result of the global financial crisis and illiquidity in the U.S. markets, the market for these securities has become increasingly inactive since mid-2007.  It is the Company’s view that current broker prices on the private-label mortgage-backed security and certain pooled trust preferred securities are based on forced liquidation or distressed sale values in very inactive markets that are not representative of the economic value of these securities.  As such, the fair value of the private-label mortgage-backed security and pooled trust preferred securities have been below cost since the advent of the financial crisis.  Additionally, most, if not all, of these broker quotes are nonbinding.  The Company considered whether to place little, if any, weight on transactions that are not orderly when estimating fair value.  Although length of time and severity of impairment are among

 

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the factors to consider when determining whether a security that is other-than-temporarily impaired, the private-label mortgage backed security and pooled trust preferred securities have only exhibited deep declines in value since the credit crisis began.  The Company therefore believes that this is an indicator that the decline in price is solely a result of the lack of liquidity in the market for these securities and the broker quotes received stem from distressed sale transactions.

 

For the private-label mortgage-backed security, the Company determined fair value by using the appropriate combination of the market approach reflecting current broker prices and a discounted cash flow approach.  The values resulting from each approach (i.e. market and income approaches) were weighted to derive the final fair value on the private-label mortgage-backed security.  For the pooled trust preferred securities, the fair value was derived based on discounted cash flow analyses.  In order to determine the appropriate discount rate used in calculating fair values derived from the income method for the private-label mortgage-backed security and pooled trust preferred securities, the Company has made assumptions using an exit pricing approach related to the implied rate of return which have been adjusted for general changes in market rates, estimated changes in credit quality and liquidity risk premium, specific non-performance and default experience in the collateral underlying the securities.  The gains and losses recorded in the period are recognized in noninterest income.   During the second quarter of 2009, the private-label mortgage-backed security was downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade.

 

In May 2009, the desecuritization of the Company’s Level 3 private-label mortgage backed securities resulted in a $635.6 million increase in single and multifamily loans receivable and is reflected in the decrease of Level 3 investment grade mortgage-backed investment securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 Level 3 reconciliation table described above.

 

Equity Swap Agreements – The Company has entered into several equity swap agreements with a major investment brokerage firm to hedge against market fluctuations in a promotional equity index certificate of deposit product offered to bank customers.  This deposit product, which has a term of 5 years or 5½ years, pays interest based on the performance of the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index (“HSCEI”).  The fair value of these equity swap agreements is based on the income approach.  The fair value is based on the change in the value of the HSCEI and the volatility of the call option over the life of the individual swap agreement.  The option value is derived based on the volatility, the interest rate and the time remaining to maturity of the call option.  The Company’s consideration of its counterparty’s credit risk resulted in a $26 thousand adjustment to the valuation of the equity swap agreements for the quarter ended September 30, 2009.  The valuation of equity swap agreements falls within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts.

 

Derivatives Payable — The Company’s derivatives payable are recorded in conjunction with the certificate of deposits (“host instrument”) that pays interest based on changes in the HSCEI and are included in interest-bearing deposits on the consolidated balance sheets.  The fair value of these embedded derivatives is based on the income approach.  The Company’s consideration of its own credit risk resulted in a $21 thousand adjustment to the valuation of the derivative liabilities, and a net gain of $10 thousand was recognized in noninterest income as the net difference between the valuation of the equity swap agreements and derivatives payable for the quarter ended September 30, 2009.  The valuation of the derivatives payable falls within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy since the significant inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts are not directly observable.

 

Mortgage Servicing Assets (“MSAs”) — The Company records MSAs in conjunction with its loan sale and securitization activities since the servicing of the underlying loans is retained by the Bank.  MSAs are initially measured at fair value using an income approach.  The initial fair value of MSAs is determined based on the present value of estimated net future cash flows related to contractually

 

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Table of Contents

 

specified servicing fees.  The valuation for MSAs falls within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy since there are no quoted prices for MSAs and the significant inputs used to determine fair value are not directly observable.  The valuation of MSAs is determined using a discounted cash flow approach utilizing the appropriate yield curve and several market-derived assumptions including prepayment speeds, servicing cost, delinquency and foreclosure costs and behavior, and float earnings rate.  Net cash flows are present valued using a market-derived discount rate.  The resulting fair value is then compared to recently observed bulk market transactions with similar characteristics.  The fair value is adjusted accordingly to be better aligned with current observed market trends and activity.

 

Impaired Loans — The Company’s impaired loans are generally measured using the fair value of the underlying collateral, which is determined based on the most recent valuation information received, which may be adjusted based on factors such as the Company’s historical knowledge and changes in market conditions from the time of valuation.  Impaired loans fall within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy since they are measured at fair value based on the most recent valuation information received on the underlying collateral.

 

Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) — The Company’s OREO represents properties acquired through foreclosure or through full or partial satisfaction of loans, are considered held-for-sale, and are recorded at the lower of cost or estimated fair value at the time of foreclosure.  The fair values of OREO properties are based on third-party appraisals, broker price opinions or accepted written offers.  These valuations are reviewed and approved by the Company’s appraisal department, credit review, or OREO department.  OREO properties are classified as Level 2 assets in the fair value hierarchy.  The OREO balance of $24.2 million included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2009 is recorded net of estimated disposal costs.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company adopted ASC 820-10-50 effective June 30, 2009, which increases the frequency of fair value disclosures from an annual basis only to a quarterly basis.  The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were as follows:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2009

 

As of December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Carrying

 

 

 

Carrying

 

 

 

 

 

Notional or

 

Estimated

 

Notional or

 

Estimated

 

 

 

Contract Amount

 

Fair Value

 

Contract Amount

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Financial Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

$

132,569

 

$

132,569

 

$

144,486

 

$

144,486

 

Short-term investments

 

460,665

 

460,665

 

734,367

 

734,367

 

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

320,860

 

320,865

 

228,441

 

228,353

 

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

75,000

 

86,292

 

50,000

 

51,581

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity

 

781,331

 

799,729

 

122,317

 

123,105

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

1,457,023

 

1,457,023

 

2,040,194

 

2,040,194

 

Loans receivable, net

 

8,156,838

 

8,064,302

 

8,069,377

 

8,036,406

 

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock

 

86,729

 

86,729

 

86,729

 

86,729

 

Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock

 

36,785

 

36,785

 

27,589

 

27,589

 

Accrued interest receivable

 

51,025

 

51,025

 

46,230

 

46,230

 

Equity swap agreements

 

38,828

 

13,728

 

43,453

 

13,853

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customer deposit accounts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Demand, savings and money market deposits

 

4,428,646

 

4,008,980

 

3,399,817

 

3,141,126

 

Time deposits

 

4,239,911

 

4,248,498

 

4,742,142

 

4,750,957

 

Federal funds purchased

 

3,022

 

3,022

 

28,022

 

28,022

 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

923,216

 

943,118

 

1,353,307

 

1,397,081

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

1,019,450

 

1,264,807

 

998,430

 

1,204,329

 

Notes payable

 

7,111

 

7,111

 

16,506

 

16,506

 

Accrued interest payable

 

10,283

 

10,283

 

18,977

 

18,977

 

Long-term debt

 

235,570

 

89,972

 

235,570

 

120,325

 

Derivatives payable

 

38,828

 

13,733

 

43,453

 

14,142

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Off-balance sheet financial instruments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments to extend credit

 

1,100,083

 

10,615

 

1,469,513

 

16,001

 

Standby letters of credit

 

642,452

 

3,699

 

656,979

 

3,614

 

Commercial letters of credit

 

32,290

 

(76

)

39,426

 

(204

)

 

The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value are explained below:

 

Cash and Due From Banks — The carrying amounts approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

Short-Term Investments -The fair values of short-term investments generally approximate their book values due to their short maturities.

 

Interest-Bearing Deposits in Other Banks The fair values of interest-bearing deposits in other banks is based on the discounted cash flow approach.  The discount rate is derived from the Bank’s time deposit rate curve.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements — For securities purchased under resale agreements with original maturities of 90 days or less, the carrying amounts generally approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.  At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the securities purchased under resale agreements are long-term in nature and the fair value is estimated by discounting the cash flows based on expected maturities or repricing dates utilizing estimated market discount rates and taking into consideration the call features of each instrument.

 

Investment Securities Held-To-Maturity The fair values of the investment securities held-to-maturity are generally determined by reference to the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers or independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities.  In obtaining such valuation information from third parties, the Company has reviewed the methodologies used to develop the resulting fair values.

 

Investment Securities Available-For-Sale The fair values of the investment securities available-for-sale are generally determined by reference to the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers or independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities.  In obtaining such valuation information from third parties, the Company has reviewed the methodologies used to develop the resulting fair values.  For the private-label mortgage-backed security, the fair value was derived based on a combination of broker prices and discounted cash flow analyses that is weighted as deemed appropriate.  For the pooled trust preferred securities, the fair values were derived based on discounted cash flow analyses.

 

Loans Receivable, net - The fair value of loans is determined based on the discounted cash flow approach.  The discount rate is derived from the associated yield curve plus spreads, and reflects the offering rates in the market for loans with similar financial characteristics.  No adjustments have been made for changes in credit within the loan portfolio.  It is management’s opinion that the allowance for loan losses pertaining to performing and nonperforming loans results in a fair valuation of such loans.

 

Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock - The carrying amount of the Federal Home Loan Bank stock approximates fair value and its redemption price of $100 per share.  The carrying value of the Federal Reserve Bank stock approximates fair value as the stock may be sold back at its carrying value.

 

Accrued Interest Receivable - The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates fair value due to its short-term nature.

 

Equity Swap Agreements — The fair value of the derivative contracts is provided by an independent third party and is determined based on the change in value of the HSCEI and the volatility of the call option over the life of the individual swap agreement.  The option value is derived based on the volatility of the option, interest rate and time remaining to the maturity.  The Company has also considered the counterparty’s credit risk in determining the valuation.

 

Deposits The fair value of deposits is determined based on the discounted cash flow approach.  The discount rate is derived from the associated yield curve, plus spread, if any.  For core deposits, the cash outflows are projected by the decay rate based on the Bank’s core deposit premium study.  Cash flows for all non-time deposits are discounted using the LIBOR yield curve.  For time deposits, the cash flows are based on the contractual runoff and are discounted by the Bank’s current offering rates, plus spread.

 

Federal Funds Purchased — The carrying amounts approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances — The fair value of FHLB advances is estimated based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows, using rates currently offered by the FHLB of San Francisco for fixed-rate credit advances with similar remaining maturities at each reporting date.

 

Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements — For securities sold under repurchase agreements with original maturities of 90 days or less, the carrying amounts approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.  At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, most of the securities sold under repurchase agreements are long-term in nature and the fair values of securities sold under repurchase agreements are calculated by discounting future cash flows based on expected maturities or repricing dates, utilizing estimated market discount rates and taking into consideration the call features of each instrument.

 

Notes Payable — The carrying amount of notes payable approximates fair value as these notes are payable on demand.

 

Accrued Interest Payable - The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates fair value due to its short-term nature.

 

Long-Term Debt — The fair values of long-term debt are estimated by discounting the cash flows through maturity based on current market rates the Bank would pay for new issuances.

 

Derivatives Payable The Company’s derivatives payable are recorded in conjunction with the certificate of deposits (“host instrument”) that pays interest based on changes in the HSCEI.  The Company’s derivatives payable are estimated using the income approach.  The Company has also considered its own credit risk in determining the valuation.

 

Commitments to Extend Credit, Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit - The fair values of commitments are estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparty’s credit standing.

 

The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of each reporting date.  Although the Company is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date, and therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.

 

4.              STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

 

The Company issues stock-based compensation to certain employees, officers and directors under share-based compensation plans.  The adoption of ASC 505 and ASC 718 (previously SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment), on January 1, 2006 has resulted in incremental stock-based compensation expense.  Since the Company has previously recognized compensation expense on restricted stock awards, the incremental stock-based compensation expense recognized pursuant to ASC 505 and ASC 718 relates only to issued and unvested stock option grants.

 

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, total compensation cost recognized in the consolidated statements of operations related to stock options and restricted stock awards amounted to $1.5 million and $4.4 million, respectively, with related tax benefits of $614 thousand and $1.8 million, respectively.  During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, total compensation cost recognized in the consolidated statements of operations related to stock options and

 

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Table of Contents

 

restricted stock awards amounted to $1.5 million and $4.5 million, respectively, with related tax benefits of $630 thousand and $1.9 million, respectively.

 

Stock Options

 

The Company issues fixed stock options to certain employees, officers, and directors.  Stock options are issued at the current market price on the date of grant with a three-year or four-year vesting period and contractual terms of 7 years.  Stock options issued prior to July 2002 had contractual terms of 10 years.  The Company issues new shares upon the exercise of stock options.

 

A summary of activity for the Company’s stock options as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 is presented below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

Average

 

Aggregate

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Remaining

 

Intrinsic

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise

 

Contractual

 

Value

 

 

 

Shares

 

Price

 

Term

 

(In thousands) (1)

 

Outstanding at beginning of period

 

2,588,968

 

$

 20.67

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

43,942

 

6.83

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(6,198

)

5.95

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(620,001

)

17.23

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at end of period

 

2,006,711

 

$

 21.48

 

3.57 years

 

$

 196

 

Vested or expected to vest

 

1,941,416

 

$

 21.46

 

3.51 years

 

$

 183

 

Exercisable at end of period

 

1,079,689

 

$

 21.01

 

2.15 years

 

$

 69

 

 


(1) Includes in-the-money options only.

 

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

Expected term (1)

 

(5)

(5)

4 years

 

4 years

 

Expected volatility (2)

 

(5)

(5)

60.5

%

27.9

%

Expected dividend yield (3)

 

(5)

(5)

0.6

%

1.2

%

Risk-free interest rate (4)

 

(5)

(5)

1.8

%

2.6

%

 


(1) The expected term (estimated period of time outstanding) of stock options granted was estimated using the historical exercise behavior of employees.

(2) The expected volatility was based on historical volatility for a period equal to the stock option’s expected term.

(3) The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s prevailing dividend rate at the time of grant.

(4) The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury strips in effect at the time of grant equal to the stock option’s expected term.

(5) The Company did not issue any stock options during the third quarter of 2009 and 2008.

 

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, information related to stock options is presented as follows:

 

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Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the period

 

$

(1)

$

(1)

$

3.00

 

$

4.27

 

Total intrinsic value of options exercised (in thousands)

 

8

 

43

 

13

 

380

 

Total fair value of options vested (in thousands)

 

74

 

103

 

1,512

 

1,325

 

 


(1) The Company did not issue any stock options during the third quarter of 2009 and 2008.

 

As of September 30, 2009, total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options amounted to $2.5 million.  The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.8 years.

 

Restricted Stock

 

In addition to stock options, the Company also grants restricted stock awards to directors, certain officers and employees.  The restricted shares awarded become fully vested after three to five years of continued employment from the date of grant.  The Company becomes entitled to an income tax deduction in an amount equal to the taxable income reported by the holders of the restricted shares when the restrictions are released and the shares are issued.  Restricted shares are forfeited if officers and employees terminate prior to the lapsing of restrictions.  The Company records forfeitures of restricted stock as treasury share repurchases.

 

A summary of the activity for restricted stock as of September 30, 2009, including changes during the nine months then ended, is presented below:

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Shares

 

Price

 

Outstanding at beginning of period

 

753,165

 

$

 29.35

 

Granted

 

328,407

 

7.42

 

Vested

 

(32,609

)

37.87

 

Forfeited

 

(105,669

)

30.45

 

Outstanding at end of period

 

943,294

 

$

 21.30

 

 

The weighted average fair values of restricted stock awards granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 were $7.42 and $19.66, respectively.

 

As of September 30, 2009, total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards amounted to $9.3 million.  This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.

 

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5.              INVESTMENT SECURITIES

 

An analysis of the held-to-maturity and available-for-sale investment securities portfolio is presented as follows:

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

Estimated

 

 

 

Cost

 

Gains

 

Losses

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

$

 252,638

 

$

 530

 

$

 (1,145

)

$

 252,023

 

Municipal securities

 

36,118

 

1,720

 

 

37,838

 

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

75,033

 

1,909

 

(115

)

76,827

 

Non-investment grade

 

30,461

 

 

(1,770

)

28,691

 

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

377,947

 

17,417

 

(89

)

395,275

 

Non-investment grade

 

4,625

 

 

(59

)

4,566

 

Other securities

 

4,509

 

 

 

4,509

 

Total investment securities held-to-maturity

 

$

 781,331

 

$

 21,576

 

$

 (3,178

)

$

 799,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

 2,214

 

$

 1

 

$

 —

 

$

 2,215

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

474,896

 

2,311

 

(472

)

476,735

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 

26,107

 

873

 

 

26,980

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

752,671

 

19,705

 

(2

)

772,374

 

Municipal securities

 

17,759

 

193

 

(26

)

17,926

 

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

27,099

 

 

(107

)

26,992

 

Non-investment grade

 

21,329

 

 

(5,795

)

15,534

 

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

102,052

 

2,534

 

(1,308

)

103,278

 

Non-investment grade (1)

 

69,824

 

 

(58,123

)

11,701

 

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities

 

3,041

 

468

 

(221

)

3,288

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale

 

$

 1,496,992

 

$

 26,085

 

$

 (66,054

)

$

 1,457,023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total investment securities

 

$

 2,278,323

 

$

 47,661

 

$

 (69,232

)

$

 2,256,752

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

Estimated

 

 

 

Cost

 

Gains

 

Losses

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Municipal securities

 

$

 5,772

 

$

 118

 

$

 —

 

$

 5,890

 

Corporate debt securities

 

116,545

 

904

 

(234

)

117,215

 

Total investment securities held-to-maturity

 

$

 122,317

 

$

 1,022

 

$

 (234

)

$

 123,105

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

 2,505

 

$

 8

 

$

 —

 

$

 2,513

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

1,020,355

 

4,762

 

(1,183

)

1,023,934

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities

 

373,690

 

6,758

 

(397

)

380,051

 

Other mortgage-backed securities

 

645,940

 

 

(108,614

)

537,326

 

Corporate debt securities (1)

 

116,127

 

266

 

(73,849

)

42,544

 

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities (1)

 

3,340

 

 

(2,156

)

1,184

 

Residual securities

 

25,043

 

25,019

 

 

50,062

 

Other securities (1)

 

2,570

 

10

 

 

2,580

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale

 

$

 2,189,570

 

$

 36,823

 

$

 (186,199

)

$

 2,040,194

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total investment securities

 

$

 2,311,887

 

$

 37,845

 

$

 (186,433

)

$

 2,163,299

 

 


(1) As of December 31, 2008, the Company recorded an OTTI charge of $13.6 million for corporate debt securities, $55.3 million for U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities, and $4.3 million for other securities.  Upon adoption of ASC 320, the Company reclassified the noncredit portion of previously recognized OTTI for pooled trust preferred securities totaling $8.1 million, on a net of tax basis, from the opening balance of retained earnings to other comprehensive income as of March 31, 2009.  Additionally, the Company recorded $61.9 million, on a pre-tax basis, of the credit portion of OTTI through earnings and $12.2 million, net of tax, of the non-credit portion of OTTI for pooled trust preferred securities in other comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

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The fair values of investment securities are generally determined by reference to the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers or prices obtained from independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities.  The Company performs a monthly analysis on the broker quotes received from third parties to ensure that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of fair value.  The procedures include, but are not limited to, initial and ongoing review of third party pricing methodologies, review of pricing trends, and monitoring of trading volumes.  The Company assesses that prices received from independent brokers represent a reasonable estimate of fair value through the use of internal and external cash flow models developed that are based on spreads, and when available, market indices.  As a result of this analysis, if the Company determines there is a more appropriate fair value based upon available market data, the price received from third parties is adjusted accordingly.

 

Prices from third-party pricing services are often unavailable for securities that are rarely traded or are traded only in privately negotiated transactions. As a result, certain securities are priced via independent broker quotations which utilize inputs that may be difficult to corroborate with observable market based data.  Additionally, the majority of these independent broker quotations are non-binding.

 

As a result of the global financial crisis and illiquidity in the U.S. markets, the Company believes current broker prices obtained on the private-label mortgage-backed security and certain pooled trust preferred securities are based on forced liquidation or distressed sale values in very inactive markets that are not representative of the economic value of these securities.  The fair values of the private-label mortgage-backed security and pooled trust preferred securities have traditionally been based on the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers since broker quotes in an active market are given the highest priority.  However, in light of these circumstances, the Company has modified its approach in determining the fair values of these securities.  For the pooled trust preferred securities, the Company believes that the cash flow analyses which demonstrate that the realizable value of these securities are equal to their carrying values should be the primary factor considered when making a judgment about other-than-temporary impairment.  For the private-label mortgage-backed security, the Company determined fair value by using the appropriate combination of the market approach reflecting current broker prices and a discounted cash flow approach.  The values resulting from each approach (i.e. market and income approaches) were weighted to derive the final fair value on the private-label mortgage-backed security.  In calculating the fair value derived from the income approach, the Company made assumptions related to the implied rate of return, general change in market rates, estimated changes in credit quality and liquidity risk premium, specific non-performance and default experience in the collateral underlying the security, as well as broker discount rates.

 

The following tables show the Company’s rollforward of the amount related to credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2009

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Beginning balance, July 1, 2009

 

$

 (37,647

)

Additions of OTTI that was not previously recognized

 

(3,855

)

Additional increases to the amount related to the credit loss for which an OTTI was previously recognized

 

(20,394

)

Ending balance, September 30, 2009

 

$

 (61,896

)

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2009

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Beginning balance, January 1, 2009

 

$

 —

 

Additions of OTTI that was not previously recognized

 

(29,084

)

Additional increases to the amount related to the credit loss for which an OTTI was previously recognized

 

(32,812

)

Ending balance, September 30, 2009

 

$

 (61,896

)

 

The following table shows the Company’s investment portfolio’s gross unrealized losses and related fair values, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2009

 

 

 

Less Than 12 Months

 

12 Months or More

 

Total

 

 

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

Value

 

Losses

 

Value

 

Losses

 

Value

 

Losses

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

$

126,494

 

$

(1,145

)

$

 

$

 

$

126,494

 

$

(1,145

)

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

17,106

 

(115

)

 

 

17,106

 

(115

)

Non-investment grade

 

28,691

 

(1,770

)

 

 

28,691

 

(1,770

)

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

4,039

 

(89

)

 

 

4,039

 

(89

)

Non-investment grade

 

4,566

 

(59

)

 

 

4,566

 

(59

)

Total temporarily impaired securities held-to-maturity

 

$

180,896

 

$

(3,178

)

$

 

$

 

$

180,896

 

$

(3,178

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

34,528

 

(472

)

 

 

34,528

 

(472

)

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise residenial mortgage-backed securities

 

5,091

 

(2

)

 

 

5,091

 

(2

)

Municipal securities

 

2,430

 

(26

)

 

 

2,430

 

(26

)

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

26,992

 

(107

)

 

 

26,992

 

(107

)

Non-investment grade

 

 

 

15,534

 

(5,795

)

15,534

 

(5,795

)

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

11,927

 

(76

)

860

 

(1,232

)

12,787

 

(1,308

)

Non-investment grade (1)

 

419

 

(10,230

)

11,282

 

(47,893

)

11,701

 

(58,123

)

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities

 

 

 

1,786

 

(221

)

1,786

 

(221

)

Total temporarily impaired securities available-for-sale

 

$

81,387

 

$

(10,913

)

$

29,462

 

$

(55,141

)

$

110,849

 

$

(66,054

)

Total temporarily impaired securities

 

$

262,283

 

$

(14,091

)

$

29,462

 

$

(55,141

)

$

291,745

 

$

(69,232

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Less Than 12 Months

 

12 Months or More

 

Total

 

 

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

Value

 

Losses

 

Value

 

Losses

 

Value

 

Losses

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

40,057

 

$

(234

)

$

 

$

 

$

40,057

 

$

(234

)

Total temporarily impaired securities held-to-maturity

 

$

40,057

 

$

(234

)

$

 

$

 

$

40,057

 

$

(234

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

$

143,727

 

$

(1,183

)

$

 

$

 

$

143,727

 

$

(1,183

)

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities

 

72,245

 

(397

)

 

 

72,245

 

(397

)

Other mortgage-backed securities

 

17,984

 

(3,339

)

519,090

 

(105,275

)

537,074

 

(108,614

)

Corporate debt securities

 

4,016

 

(2,946

)

34,611

 

(70,903

)

38,627

 

(73,849

)

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities

 

1,184

 

(2,156

)

 

 

1,184

 

(2,156

)

Total temporarily impaired securities available-for-sale

 

$

239,156

 

$

(10,021

)

$

553,701

 

$

(176,178

)

$

792,857

 

$

(186,199

)

Total temporarily impaired securities

 

$

279,213

 

$

(10,255

)

$

553,701

 

$

(176,178

)

$

832,914

 

$

(186,433

)

 


(1) For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Company recorded $21.0 million, on a pre-tax basis, of the non-credit portion of OTTI for pooled trust preferred securities in other comprehensive income, which is included as gross unrealized losses.

 

Corporate Debt Securities (Available-for-Sale)

 

The majority of unrealized losses in the available-for-sale portfolio at September 30, 2009 are related to pooled trust preferred debt securities.  As of September 30, 2009, the Company had $6.4 million in pooled trust preferred debt securities available-for-sale, representing less than 1% of the total investment securities available-for-sale portfolio.  In April 2009, except for one security which was downgraded but remained at investment grade status, the ratings for the other twelve pooled trust

 

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preferred securities were downgraded to non-investment grade status due to increased deferral and default activity from the issuers of the underlying debt collateralizing these instruments.  As of September 30, 2009, these debt instruments had gross unrealized losses amounting to $55.4 million, or 90% of the total amortized cost basis of these securities, comprised of $34.4 million in gross unrealized losses and $21.0 million, or $12.2 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related impairment losses recorded during the first nine months of 2009 pursuant to the provisions of ASC 320-10-65.

 

Almost all of the pooled trust preferred securities held by the Company have underlying collateral issued by banks and insurance companies.  Continued deterioration in market conditions have resulted in many more small banks either deferring or defaulting on their trust preferred debt during the third quarter of 2009.  As a result of diminishing collateral values, deteriorating cash flows, and increasing estimates of future deferrals and defaults, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $45.2 million on its portfolio of trust preferred securities during the third quarter of 2009, of which $24.2 million was a pre-tax credit loss recorded through earnings.  The remaining $21.0 million, or $12.2 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related impairment loss was recorded in other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2009.  The Company determined the amount of credit-related impairment by discounting the expected future cash flows with the effective yield of the security in accordance with generally accepted accounting principlesDuring the first quarter of 2009, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $13.4 million on a non-investment grade pooled trust preferred security.  During the second quarter of 2009, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $100.8 million on its portfolio of trust preferred securities, of which $37.4 million was a pre-tax credit loss recorded in other comprehensive income.  As of March 31, 2009, of the total impairment loss amount, $200 thousand was a pretax credit loss recorded through earnings.  The remaining $13.2 million, or $7.6 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related impairment loss was recorded in other comprehensive income.

 

During 2008 and 2007, the Company recorded $13.6 million and $405 thousand, respectively, in non-credit related impairment losses on three pooled trust preferred securities due to rating downgrades caused by increases in market spreads, concerns regarding the housing market, and lack of liquidity in the market.  None of these securities have experienced any credit-related losses for which OTTI was previously recorded.  Upon the implementation of ASC 320-10-65, the Company reclassified the combined $14.0 million, or $8.1 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related OTTI impairment losses recognized during 2008 and 2007 from the opening balance of retained earnings to other comprehensive income as of March 31, 2009.

 

Mortgage-backed Securities (Held-to-Maturity)

 

As of September 30, 2009, the aggregate fair value of the non-agency held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities amounted to $105.5 million.  These securities are collateralized by single family loans and secured by first liens on these residential properties.  During the second and third quarter of 2009,  three mortgage-backed securities were downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade.  Except for these three non-investment grade securities, the remaining held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities are investment grade.  As of September 30, 2009, these debt instruments had gross unrealized losses for less than twelve months amounting to $1.9 million, or 2% of the aggregate amortized cost basis of held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities, comprised of $1.8 million and $115 thousand that are non-investment grade and investment grade, respectively.

 

The decline in fair values of these securities is due to widening market spreads, concerns regarding the downturn in the housing market, and lack of liquidity in the market.  However, these securities have strong credit support, low loan-to-values, low delinquency, and low OREO ratios.  The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  As such, the Company does not deem these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

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Mortgage-backed Securities (Available-for-Sale)

 

As of September 30, 2009, the Company had one private-label available-for-sale mortgage-backed security with a fair value of $15.5 million, with a gross unrealized loss of $5.8 million, or 27% of the amortized cost basis of this security, for more than 12 months.  During the second quarter of 2009, this security was downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade.  This security is collateralized by single family loans and secured by the first lien on these residential properties.  Additionally, any principal and interest shortfall that may arise from the deterioration of the collateral will be covered by a monoline insurance provider.  The Company does not intend to sell this security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell this security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  As such, the Company does not deem this security to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

In May 2009, the Company desecuritized its private-label mortgage backed securities which resulted in a $635.6 million increase in single and multifamily loans receivable with a corresponding decrease in available-for-sale investment securities.  These single family and multifamily loans were previously originated by the Company and were securitized in 2006 and 2007 for additional liquidity purposes.  All of the resulting securities were retained by the Company in its available-for-sale investment portfolio.  The Company’s decision to desecuritize these securities was prompted by the mark-to-market adjustments recorded on these securities that were based on price points observed in the general market for mortgage-backed securities that were not reflective of the better credit quality of the underlying loans.  These loans had very low overall delinquency rates as of September 30, 2009.  The accumulated mark-to-market adjustments on these securities, recorded in other comprehensive income, were negatively impacting the Company’s tangible common equity.  The desecuritization added $30.6 million to the Company’s tangible common equity.

 

Government-Sponsored Equity Preferred Stock (Available-for Sale)

 

In September 2008, liquidity and credit concerns led the U.S. Federal Government to assume a conservatorship role in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.  The rating on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock securities was downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade status reflecting the cessation of dividend payments on these securities.  These securities are non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock in which unpaid dividends do not accumulate.  The purchase agreement between the U.S. Treasury and these government-sponsored entities contains a covenant prohibiting the payment of dividends on existing preferred stock.  As the assessment on the status of any resumption in dividend payments on these securities was uncertain, the Company recorded $55.3 million in OTTI charges on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock securities in 2008.  As of September 30, 2009, the fair value of these preferred stock securities was $3.3 million.  Gross unrealized losses on these securities amounted to $221 thousand as of September 30, 2009, or 7% of the aggregate amortized cost basis of these securities.  The outlook for these preferred securities remains stable.  The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  As such, the Company does not deem these remaining securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

The Company has thirteen individual securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer as of September 30, 2009.  These securities are comprised of ten corporate debt securities with a total fair value of $12.1 million, two government-sponsored equity preferred securities with a total fair value of $1.8 million and one mortgage-backed security with a fair value of $15.5 million.  As of September 30, 2009, there were also 28 securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months.  The unrealized losses on these securities are primarily attributed to changes in interest rates as well as the liquidity crisis that has impacted all

 

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financial industries.  The issuers of these securities have not, to the Company’s knowledge, established any cause for default on these securities.  These securities have fluctuated in value since their purchase dates as market interest rates have fluctuated.  The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  As such, the Company does not deem these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

The scheduled maturities of investment securities at September 30, 2009 are presented as follows:

 

 

 

Held-to-maturity

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Estimated

 

Amortized

 

Estimated

 

(In thousands)

 

Cost

 

Fair Value

 

Cost

 

Fair Value

 

Due within one year

 

$

 220,132

 

$

 222,276

 

$

 325,308

 

$

 316,192

 

Due after one year through five years

 

305,649

 

320,941

 

151,933

 

154,067

 

Due after five years through ten years

 

52,040

 

53,800

 

116,058

 

119,026

 

Due after ten years

 

203,510

 

202,712

 

900,651

 

864,450

 

Indeterminate maturity

 

 

 

3,042

 

3,288

 

Total

 

$

781,331

 

$

799,729

 

$

1,496,992

 

$

1,457,023

 

 

6.              GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

The carrying amount of goodwill remained at $337.4 million at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.  Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently as events occur, or as current circumstances and conditions warrant.  The Company records impairment losses as charges to noninterest expense and adjustments to the carrying value of goodwill.  Subsequent reversals of goodwill impairment are prohibited.

 

During the third quarter of 2009, both the U.S. and global financial markets continued to experience volatility and the effect of such volatility continued to unfavorably impact the market prices of banking stocks, including the Company’s.  As of September 30, 2009, the Company’s market capitalization based on total outstanding common and preferred shares was $1.08 billion and its total stockholders’ equity was $1.52 billion.  As a result, the Company performed an impairment analysis as of September 30, 2009 to determine whether and to what extent, if any, recorded goodwill was impaired.  The analysis compared the fair value of each of the reporting units, including goodwill, to the respective carrying amounts.  If the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill exceeds the fair value of that reporting unit, then further testing for goodwill impairment is performed.

 

During the first quarter of 2009, the Company re-aligned its management reporting structure and identified three business divisions that meet the criteria of an operating segment in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  The Company’s three operating segments are Retail Banking, Commercial Banking, and Other.  The Company determined that there were no additional reporting units below each operating segment and therefore the reporting units are equivalent to the operating segments.  See Note 10 to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report for a further discussion of the revised business segments.

 

In order to determine the fair value of the reporting units, a combined income and market approach was used.  Under the income approach, the Company provided a net income projection for the next 5 years plus a terminal growth rate was used to calculate the discounted cash flows and the present value of the reporting units.  Under the market approach, the fair value was calculated using the current fair values of comparable peer banks of similar size, geographic footprint and focus.  The market

 

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capitalizations and multiples of these peer banks were used to calculate the market price of the Company and each reporting unit.  The fair value was also subject to a control premium adjustment, which is the cost savings that a purchaser of the reporting units could achieve by eliminating duplicative costs.  Under the combined income and market approaches, the value from each approach was appropriately weighted to determine the fair value.  As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that there was no goodwill impairment at September 30, 2009 as the fair values of all reporting units exceeded the current carrying amounts of the goodwill.  No assurance can be given that goodwill will not be written down in future periods.  The Company recorded goodwill impairment of $858 thousand as a charge to earnings during the first nine months of 2008.

 

The Company also has premiums on acquired deposits which represent the intangible value of depositor relationships resulting from deposit liabilities assumed from various acquisitions.  Other intangibles are tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently as events occur, or as current circumstances and conditions warrant.  The gross carrying amount of deposit premiums totaled $43.0 million as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, with related accumulated amortization expense amounting to $24.3 million and $21.0 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.  During the first quarter of 2008, the Company recorded an $855 thousand impairment loss on deposit premiums initially recorded for the Desert Community Bank acquisition due to higher than anticipated runoffs in certain deposit categories.  The Company amortizes premiums on acquired deposits based on the projected useful lives of the related deposits.

 

The following table provides the estimated amortization expense of premiums on acquired deposits for 2009 and the succeeding four years as follows:

 

Estimate For The Year Ending
December 31,

 

Amount

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

2009

 

$

 1,058

 

2010

 

3,858

 

2011

 

3,378

 

2012

 

2,602

 

2013

 

1,707

 

 

7.              ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

 

The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated:

 

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Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance balance, beginning of period

 

$

 223,700

 

$

 168,413

 

$

 178,027

 

$

 88,407

 

Allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit

 

(1,051

)

5,437

 

(617

)

5,669

 

Provision for loan losses

 

159,244

 

43,000

 

388,666

 

183,000

 

Impact of desecuritization

 

 

 

9,262

 

 

Chargeoffs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single family real estate

 

8,371

 

1,023

 

26,487

 

1,732

 

Multifamily real estate

 

7,235

 

1,006

 

11,333

 

1,442

 

Commercial real estate

 

23,715

 

666

 

39,574

 

666

 

Land

 

40,397

 

21,024

 

86,519

 

42,442

 

Construction

 

56,354

 

16,138

 

134,880

 

40,429

 

Commercial business

 

17,696

 

4,401

 

50,873

 

18,136

 

Automobile

 

6

 

63

 

41

 

226

 

Other consumer

 

109

 

34

 

1,727

 

74

 

Total chargeoffs

 

153,883

 

44,355

 

351,434

 

105,147

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recoveries:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single family real estate

 

337

 

1

 

563

 

3

 

Multifamily real estate

 

4

 

 

222

 

 

Commercial and industrial real estate

 

610

 

3

 

1,207

 

1,905

 

Land

 

409

 

1,896

 

825

 

 

Construction

 

768

 

2,581

 

1,734

 

2,581

 

Commercial business

 

484

 

177

 

2,132

 

714

 

Automobile

 

14

 

2

 

45

 

23

 

Other consumer

 

14

 

 

18

 

 

Total recoveries

 

2,640

 

4,660

 

6,746

 

5,226

 

Net chargeoffs

 

151,243

 

39,695

 

344,688

 

99,921

 

Allowance balance, end of period

 

$

 230,650

 

$

 177,155

 

$

 230,650

 

$

 177,155

 

Average loans outstanding

 

$

 8,471,766

 

$

 8,451,517

 

$

 8,305,602

 

$

 8,725,596

 

Total gross loans outstanding, end of period

 

$

 8,419,475

 

$

 8,289,433

 

$

 8,419,475

 

$

 8,289,433

 

Annualized net chargeoffs to average loans

 

7.14

%

1.88

%

5.53

%

1.53

%

Allowance for loan losses to total gross loans, end of period

 

2.74

%

2.14

%

2.74

%

2.14

%

 

At September 30, 2009, the allowance for loan losses amounted to $230.7 million, or 2.74% of total loans, compared with $178.0 million or 2.16% of total loans at December 31, 2008, and $177.2 million, or 2.14% of total gross loans as of September 30, 2008.  The increase in the allowance for loan losses is primarily due to the $388.7 million in provisions for loan losses recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and $9.3 million in allowance for losses recorded during the second quarter of 2009 in conjunction with the desecuritization of single family and multifamily loans completed in May 2009.  This compares to $183.0 million in provisions for loan losses recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.  During the third quarter of 2009, the Company sold $180.6 million in problem loans and $25.7 million in OREO properties.  Year to date through September 30, 2009, the Company has sold $313.3 million in problem loans and $105.5 million in OREO properties.  These sales of problem assets have resulted in net chargeoffs of $60.1 million and $91.9 million for the third quarter of 2009 and first nine months of 2009, respectively, and increased loan loss provisions.  During the first nine months of 2009, the Company recorded $344.7 million in net chargeoffs, compared to $99.9 million in net chargeoffs recorded during the first nine months of 2008.  Throughout the course of 2008 and the first nine months of 2009, the Company has actively reduced its total exposure to land and construction loans by $2.03 billion, or 63%.  As of September 30, 2009, land and construction loan balances were

 

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reduced to $415.2 million and $654.1 million, respectively, from $576.6 million and $1.26 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2008.

 

8.              COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Credit Extensions - In the normal course of business, the Company has various outstanding commitments to extend credit that are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.  As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, undisbursed loan commitments amounted to $1.10 billion and $1.47 billion, respectively.  Commercial and standby letters of credit amounted to $674.7 million and $696.4 million as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

Guarantees — From time to time, the Company securitizes loans with recourse in the ordinary course of business.  For loans that have been securitized with recourse, the recourse component is considered a guarantee.  When the Company securitizes a loan with recourse, it commits to stand ready to perform if the loan defaults, and to make payments to remedy the default.  As of September 30, 2009, total loans securitized with recourse amounted to $485.6 million and were comprised of $54.0 million in single family loans with full recourse and $431.5 million in multifamily loans with limited recourse.  In comparison, total loans securitized with recourse amounted to $544.5 million at December 31, 2008, comprised of $62.4 million in single family loans with full recourse and $482.1 million in multifamily loans with limited recourse.  The recourse provision on multifamily loans is limited to 2.5% of the top loss on the underlying loans.  All of these transactions represent securitizations with Fannie Mae.  The Company’s recourse reserve related to loan securitizations totaled $1.7 million as of September 30, 2009 and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2008, and is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.  Despite the challenging conditions in the real estate market, the Company continues to experience relatively minimal losses from the single family and multifamily loan portfolios.

 

The Company also sells or securitizes loans without recourse that may have to be subsequently repurchased if a defect that occurred during the loan origination process results in a violation of a representation or warranty made in connection with the securitization or sale of the loan.  When a loan sold or securitized to an investor without recourse fails to perform according to its contractual terms, the investor will typically review the loan file to determine whether defects in the origination process occurred and if such defects give rise to a violation of a representation or warranty made to the investor in connection with the sale or securitization.  If such a defect is identified, the Company may be required to either repurchase the loan or indemnify the investor for losses sustained.  If there are no such defects, the Company has no commitment to repurchase the loan.  As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the amount of loans sold without recourse totaled $708.2 million and $693.5 million, respectively.  Total loans securitized without recourse amounted to $362.1 million and $1.04 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.  The decrease in loans securitized without recourse at September 30, 2009, is due to the desecuritization of the Company’s private label mortgage backed securities during May 2009 which resulted in an increase of $635.6 million of single and multifamily loans with a corresponding decrease in investment securities available-for-sale.  The loans sold or securitized without recourse represent the unpaid principal balance of the Company’s loans serviced for others portfolio.

 

Litigation — Neither the Company nor the Bank is involved in any material legal proceedings at September 30, 2009.  The Bank, from time to time, is a party to litigation which arises in the ordinary course of business, such as claims to enforce liens, claims involving the origination and servicing of loans, and other issues related to the business of the Bank.  After taking into consideration information furnished by counsel to the Company and the Bank, management believes that the resolution of such

 

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issues will not have a material adverse impact on the financial position, results of operations, or liquidity of the Company or the Bank.

 

9.              STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

Series A Preferred Stock Offering - In April 2008, the Company issued 200,000 shares of 8% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A (“Series A”), with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share.  The Company received $194.1 million of additional Tier 1 qualifying capital, after deducting stock issuance costs.  The holders of the Series A preferred stock have the right at any time to convert each share of Series A preferred stock into 64.9942 shares of the Company’s common stock, plus cash in lieu of fractional shares.  This represents an initial conversion price of approximately $15.39 per share of common stock or a 22.5% conversion premium based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on April 23, 2008 of $12.56 per share.  On or after May 1, 2013, the Company will have the right, under certain circumstances, to cause the Series A preferred stock to be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock.  Dividends on the Series A preferred stock, if declared, will accrue and be payable quarterly in arrears at a rate per annum equal to 8% on the liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year.  The proceeds from this offering were used to augment the Company’s liquidity and capital positions and reduce its borrowings.

 

In July 2009, the Company completed the exchange of approximately 111 thousand shares of Series A preferred stock into about 10 million shares of common stock with certain shareholders.  This transaction was accounted for as an induced conversion with the settlement of shares occurring in July 2009.  The Company recorded a preferred dividend of $18.3 million during the nine months ended 2009 which represents the additional consideration or inducement given to these shareholders in excess of the carrying value of the Series A preferred stock.  As a result of these exchange transactions, the Company’s tangible common equity increased by an aggregate of $107.5 million net of original stock issuance costs.

 

Series B Preferred Stock Offering - On December 5, 2008, the Company issued 306,546 shares of Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B (“Series B”), with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share.  The Company received $306.5 million of additional Tier 1 qualifying capital from the U.S. Treasury by participating in the U.S.Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program (“TCPP”).  The Series B preferred shares will pay cumulative dividends at a rate of 5% per annum until the fifth anniversary of the investment date and thereafter at a rate of 9% per annum.  The Series B preferred shares are transferable by the U.S. Treasury at any time.  Subject to the approval of the Federal Reserve Board, the Series B preferred shares may be reacquired by the Company at 100% of liquidation preference (plus any accrued and unpaid dividends).

 

Warrants During 2008, in conjunction with the Series B preferred stock offering, the Company issued warrants with an initial price of $15.15 per share of common stock for which the warrant may be exercised, with an allocated fair value of $25.2 million.  The warrant may be exercised at any time on or before December 5, 2018.  The U.S. Treasury may not transfer a portion of the warrants with respect to more than one-half of the original number of shares of common stock until the earlier of the successful completion of an offering of replacement Tier 1 capital of at least $306.5 million and December 31, 2009.  The warrants, and all rights under the warrants, are otherwise transferable.  As of September 30, 2009, there were 3,035,109 warrants outstanding.

 

Private Sales of Common Stock On July 14, 2009, in private placement transactions, two customers of the Bank purchased 5,000,000 newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $5.50 per share. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $26.0 million, net of

 

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stock issuance costs, in conjunction with this common stock offering.  The Company has registered these shares for resale to the public.

 

Public Offering of Common Stock - On July 24, 2009, the Company completed a public offering of 11 million shares of its common stock priced at $6.35.  The underwriter also exercised its option to purchase an additional 1.65 million shares of the Company’s common stock.  The Company received net proceeds of approximately $76.7 million, net of stock issuance costs, in conjunction with this common stock offering.

 

Stock Repurchase Program — During 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to $80.0 million of the Company’s common stock.  The Company did not repurchase any shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 in connection with this stock repurchase program.

 

Quarterly Dividends — On July 15, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors declared third quarter preferred stock cash dividends of $20.00 per share on its Series A preferred stock payable on or about August 1, 2009 to shareholders of record on July 15, 2009.  On August 17, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors declared and paid quarterly preferred cash dividends of $12.50 on its Series B preferred shares.  Total cash dividends accrued and paid in conjunction with the Company’s Series A and B preferred stock amounted to $5.9 million and $21.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

 

On July 15, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors also declared quarterly common stock cash dividends of $0.01 per share payable on or about August 26, 2009 to shareholders of record on August 12, 2009.  Cash dividends totaling $916 thousand and $2.5 million were paid to the Company’s common shareholders during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively.

 

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (“EPS”) — The actual number of shares outstanding at September 30, 2009 was 91,693,532.  Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted EPS is calculated on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period plus restricted stock and shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of outstanding convertible preferred stock, common stock options and warrants, unless they have an antidilutive effect.  Due to the net loss recorded during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, incremental shares resulting from the assumed conversion, exercise, or contingent issuance of securities are not included as their effect on earnings or loss per share would be antidilutive.

 

The following table sets forth (loss) earnings per share calculations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

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Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

Net loss available to

 

Number

 

Per Share

 

Net loss available to

 

Number

 

Per Share

 

 

 

common stockholders

 

of Shares

 

Amounts

 

common stockholders

 

of Shares

 

Amounts

 

 

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

Basic EPS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss before extraordinary item, as reported

 

$

(68,531

)

86,538

 

$

(0.79

)

$

(31,206

)

62,675

 

$

(0.50

)

Less: Preferred stock dividends, inducement, and amortization of preferred stock discount

 

(10,620

)

 

 

(4,089

)

 

 

Loss available to common stockholders before extraordinary item

 

(79,151

)

86,538

 

(0.91

)

(35,295

)

62,675

 

(0.56

)

Extraordinary item

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss available to common stockholders after extraordinary item

 

$

(79,151

)

$

86,538

 

$

(0.91

)

$

(35,295

)

62,675

 

$

(0.56

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted EPS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of dilutive securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss available to common stockholders before extraordinary item

 

$

(79,151

)

86,538

 

$

(0.91

)

$

(35,295

)

62,675

 

$

(0.56

)

Extraordinary item

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss available to common stockholders after extraordinary item

 

$

(79,151

)

$

86,538

 

$

(0.91

)

$

(35,295

)

62,675

 

$

(0.56

)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

Net loss available to

 

Number

 

Per Share

 

Net loss available to

 

Number

 

Per Share

 

 

 

common stockholders

 

of Shares

 

Amounts

 

common stockholders

 

of Shares

 

Amounts

 

 

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

Basic EPS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss before extraordinary item, as reported

 

$

(177,722

)

70,967

 

$

(2.50

)

$

(52,049

)

62,586

 

$

(0.83

)

Less: Preferred stock dividends, inducement, and amortization of preferred stock discount

 

(42,986

)

 

 

(4,089

)

 

 

Loss available to common stockholders before extraordinary item

 

(220,708

)

70,967

 

(3.11

)

(56,138

)

62,586

 

(0.90

)

Extraordinary item

 

(5,366

)

70,967

 

(0.08

)

 

 

 

Net loss available to common stockholders after extraordinary item

 

$

(226,074

)

$

70,967

 

$

(3.19

)

$

(56,138

)

62,586

 

$

(0.90

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted EPS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of dilutive securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss available to common stockholders before extraordinary item

 

$

(220,708

)

70,967

 

$

(3.11

)

$

(56,138

)

62,586

 

$

(0.90

)

Extraordinary item

 

(5,366

)

70,967

 

(0.08

)

 

 

 

Net loss available to common stockholders after extraordinary item

 

$

(226,074

)

70,967

 

$

(3.19

)

$

(56,138

)

62,586

 

$

(0.90

)

 

The following outstanding convertible preferred stock, stock options, and restricted stock for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because including them would have had an antidilutive effect:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

(In thousands)

 

Convertible preferred stock

 

6,169

 

12,955

 

10,547

 

7,617

 

Stock options

 

1,922

 

2,435

 

1,964

 

1,995

 

Restricted stock

 

583

 

710

 

802

 

651

 

 

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10.       BUSINESS SEGMENTS

 

The Company utilizes an internal reporting system to measure the performance of various operating segments within the Bank and the Company overall.  The Company had previously identified five operating segments for purposes of management reporting: retail banking, commercial lending, treasury, residential lending, and other.  The Bank’s strategic focus has been shifting and evolving over the last several years which has influenced how the chief operating decision maker views the Company’s business operations and assesses its economic performance.  Specifically, the Company’s business focus has culminated in a two-segment core business structure: Retail Banking and Commercial Banking.  A third segment, which is comprised of a combination of previous operating segments—Treasury and Other, provides broad administrative support to these two core segments.  As a result of this evolution in the Company’s strategic focus, the Company realigned its segment methodology during the first quarter of 2009, and identified these three business divisions as meeting the criteria of an operating segment.  The objective of combining certain segments under a new reporting structure was to better align the Company’s service structure with its customer base, and to provide a platform to more efficiently manage the complexities and challenges impacting the Company’s current business environment.

 

The Retail Banking segment focuses primarily on retail operations through the Bank’s branch network.  The Commercial Banking segment, which includes commercial real estate, primarily generates commercial loans through the efforts of the commercial lending offices located in the Bank’s northern and southern California production offices.  Furthermore, the Company’s Commercial Banking segment also offers a wide variety of international finance and trade services and products.  The former residential lending segment has been combined with the Retail Banking segment due to the consumer-centric nature of the products and services offered by these two segments as well as the synergistic relationship between these two units in generating consumer mortgage loans.  The remaining centralized functions, including the former Treasury segment, and eliminations of intersegment amounts have been aggregated and included in “Other.”

 

Given the significant decline in short-term and long-term interest rates since 2007, the Company reassessed its transfer pricing assumptions during the first quarter of 2009 to be consistent with its goal of growing core deposits and originating profitable, good credit quality loans.  Changes to the Company’s funds transfer pricing assumptions were made with the intent to promote core deposit growth and, given the Bank’s recent credit experience, to better reflect the current risk profiles of various loan categories within the credit portfolio.  Transfer pricing assumptions and methodologies are reviewed at least annually to ensure that the Company’s process is reflective of current market conditions.  The transfer pricing process is formulated with the goal of incenting loan and deposit growth that is consistent with the Company’s overall growth objectives as well as provide a reasonable and consistent basis for the measurement of the Company’s business segments and product net interest margins.  Changes to the Company’s transfer pricing assumptions and methodologies are approved by the Asset Liability Committee.

 

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The changes in transfer pricing assumptions that the Company implemented during the first quarter of 2009 have not been reflected in the segment results for 2008 since these changes were adopted on a prospective basis.  The Company has, however, performed a high level assessment of the impact of these transfer pricing assumption changes to the various operating segments.  Based on this assessment, the Company determined that the full year impact of these changes was not significant overall, and would have been favorable to the segment pretax profit (loss) results for the Retail Banking and Commercial banking segments but unfavorable to the Other segment during 2008.  Additionally, the changes in transfer pricing assumptions implemented during the first quarter of 2009 would not have altered the conclusion of the goodwill impairment test performed as of September 30, 2008, had these assumptions been retroactively implemented during 2008.

 

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies described in Note 1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.  Operating segment results are based on the Company’s internal management reporting process, which reflects assignments and allocations of capital, certain operating and administrative costs and the provision for loan losses.  Net interest income is based on the Company’s internal funds transfer pricing system which assigns a cost of funds or a credit for funds to assets or liabilities based on their type, maturity or repricing characteristics.  Noninterest income and noninterest expense, including depreciation and amortization, directly attributable to a segment are assigned to that business.  Indirect costs, including overhead expense, are allocated to the segments based on several factors, including, but not limited to, full-time equivalent employees, loan volume and deposit volume.  The provision for credit losses is allocated based on actual chargeoffs for the period as well as average loan balance for each segment during the period.  The Company evaluates overall performance based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes excluding nonrecurring gains and losses.

 

The following tables present the operating results and other key financial measures for the individual operating segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2009

 

 

 

Retail

 

Commercial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banking

 

Banking

 

Other

 

Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

55,364

 

$

61,039

 

$

31,521

 

$

147,924

 

Charge for funds used

 

(17,024

)

(16,822

)

(36,441

)

(70,287

)

Interest spread on funds used

 

38,340

 

44,217

 

(4,920

)

77,637

 

Interest expense

 

(21,648

)

(3,680

)

(26,716

)

(52,044

)

Credit on funds provided

 

32,132

 

3,157

 

34,998

 

70,287

 

Interest spread on funds provided

 

10,484

 

(523

)

8,282

 

18,243

 

Net interest income (expense)

 

$

48,824

 

$

43,694

 

$

3,362

 

$

95,880

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

$

65,184

 

$

94,060

 

$

 

$

159,244

 

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

 

2,512

 

1,354

 

1,409

 

5,275

 

Goodwill

 

320,566

 

16,872

 

 

337,438

 

Segment pretax (loss) profit

 

(44,984

)

(56,767

)

(19,557

)

(121,308

)

Segment assets

 

4,292,102

 

4,660,368

 

3,533,460

 

12,485,930

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2008

 

 

 

Retail

 

Commercial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banking

 

Banking

 

Other

 

Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

60,292

 

$

79,833

 

$

19,737

 

$

159,862

 

Charge for funds used

 

(28,222

)

(35,898

)

(37,888

)

(102,008

)

Interest spread on funds used

 

32,070

 

43,935

 

(18,151

)

57,854

 

Interest expense

 

(32,494

)

(3,454

)

(37,399

)

(73,347

)

Credit on funds provided

 

49,598

 

3,867

 

48,543

 

102,008

 

Interest spread on funds provided

 

17,104

 

413

 

11,144

 

28,661

 

Net interest income (expense)

 

$

49,174

 

$

44,348

 

$

(7,007

)

$

86,515

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

$

22,604

 

$

20,396

 

$

 

$

43,000

 

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

 

2,577

 

196

 

(120

)

2,653

 

Goodwill

 

320,464

 

16,867

 

 

337,331

 

Segment pretax (loss) profit

 

(9,698

)

9,078

 

(47,941

)

(48,561

)

Segment assets

 

4,027,073

 

5,229,446

 

2,465,797

 

11,722,316

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009

 

 

 

Retail

 

Commercial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banking

 

Banking

 

Other

 

Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

164,304

 

$

185,437

 

$

89,439

 

$

439,180

 

Charge for funds used

 

(48,702

)

(48,926

)

(145,265

)

(242,893

)

Interest spread on funds used

 

115,602

 

136,511

 

(55,826

)

196,287

 

Interest expense

 

(73,196

)

(12,942

)

(89,221

)

(175,359

)

Credit on funds provided

 

116,897

 

12,479

 

113,517

 

242,893

 

Interest spread on funds provided

 

43,701

 

(463

)

24,296

 

67,534

 

Net interest income (expense)

 

$

159,303

 

$

136,048

 

$

(31,530

)

$

263,821

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

$

144,561

 

$

244,105

 

$

 

$

388,666

 

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

 

8,584

 

3,226

 

5,037

 

16,847

 

Goodwill

 

320,566

 

16,872

 

 

337,438

 

Segment pretax (loss) profit

 

(84,964

)

(136,334

)

(83,214

)

(304,512

)

Segment assets

 

4,292,102

 

4,660,368

 

3,533,460

 

12,485,930

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008

 

 

 

Retail

 

Commercial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banking

 

Banking

 

Other

 

Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

205,251

 

$

253,950

 

$

55,750

 

$

514,951

 

Charge for funds used

 

(104,691

)

(123,884

)

(79,163

)

(307,738

)

Interest spread on funds used

 

100,560

 

130,066

 

(23,413

)

207,213

 

Interest expense

 

(109,582

)

(10,813

)

(116,246

)

(236,641

)

Credit on funds provided

 

167,118

 

13,748

 

126,872

 

307,738

 

Interest spread on funds provided

 

57,536

 

2,935

 

10,626

 

71,097

 

Net interest income (expense)

 

$

158,096

 

$

133,001

 

$

(12,787

)

$

278,310

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

$

70,392

 

$

112,608

 

$

 

$

183,000

 

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

 

9,641

 

627

 

2,486

 

12,754

 

Goodwill

 

320,464

 

16,867

 

 

337,331

 

Segment pretax (loss) profit

 

(5,907

)

(13,396

)

(66,657

)

(85,960

)

Segment assets

 

4,027,073

 

5,229,446

 

2,465,797

 

11,722,316

 

 

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11.       SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

Dividend Payout

 

On October 19, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the payment of fourth quarter dividends of $20.00 per share on the Company’s Series A preferred stock.  The dividend is payable on or about November 1, 2009 to shareholders of record as of October 15, 2009.  Additionally, on October 19, 2009, the Board declared a dividend of $0.01 per share on the Company’s common stock payable on or about November 24, 2009 to shareholders of record as of November 10, 2009.

 

The Board has also authorized the payment of fourth quarter dividends of $12.50 per share on the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock to be paid on November15, 2009.

 

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ITEM 2.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion provides information about the results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and capital resources of East West Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  This information is intended to facilitate the understanding and assessment of significant changes and trends related to our financial condition and the results of our operations.  This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, and the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes presented elsewhere in this report.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and general practices within the banking industry.  The financial information contained within these statements is, to a significant extent, financial information that is based on approximate measures of the financial effects of transactions and events that have already occurred.  Various elements of our accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments.  In addition, certain accounting policies require significant judgment in applying complex accounting principles to individual transactions to determine the most appropriate treatment.  We have established procedures and processes to facilitate making the judgments necessary to prepare financial statements.

 

The following is a summary of the areas which require more judgment and complex accounting estimates and principles.  In each area, we have identified the variables most important in the estimation process.  We have used the best information available to make the estimations necessary to value the related assets and liabilities.  Actual performance that differs from our estimates and future changes in the key variables could change future valuations and impact the results of operations.

 

·                  fair valuation of financial instruments;

·                  investment securities;

·                  allowance for loan losses;

·                  other real estate owned;

·                  loan sales;

·                  goodwill impairment; and

·                  share-based compensation

·                  income taxes and deferred tax asset valuation

 

Our significant accounting policies are described in greater detail in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis and in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements—“Significant Accounting Policies” which are essential to understanding Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

Overview

 

During the third quarter of 2009, we continued to sustain losses brought about by the prolonged recessionary climate and the downturn in the real estate market.  As a result of our strategy to accelerate the resolution of problem assets, we recorded a net loss of $68.5 million or $(0.91) per share, largely due to $159.2 million in loan loss provisions and $24.2 million in other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses on our pooled trust preferred securities.  Despite the ongoing economic challenges, we ended the

 

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Table of Contents

 

quarter with record deposits and strong levels of both capital and the allowance for loan losses.  Our core profitability (refer to the non-GAAP reconciliation of our loss before benefit from income taxes to core pre-tax operating income below) and liquidity position also remain strong, and our net interest margin has notably improved.

 

Building on the initiatives that we commenced in the second quarter of 2009, we completed several transactions during the third quarter of 2009 to further strengthen capital and increased tangible common equity.  In July 2009, we completed the exchange of approximately 111 thousand shares of Series A preferred stock for approximately 10 million shares of our common stock, resulting in $107.5 million of additional tangible common equity net of original stock issuance costs.  In July 2009, we entered into private placement transactions to sell 5 million newly issued shares of common stock at a price of $5.50 per share increasing tangible common equity by $26.0 million net of stock issuance costs.  Also in July 2009, we completed a public offering of 12.65 million shares of our common stock for which the Company received total proceeds of approximately $76.7 million net of stock issuance costs.  The combined impact of our comprehensive capital plan initiatives has resulted in a $240.8 million increase to tangible common equity, net of stock issuance costs.  As of September 30, 2009, our total risk-based capital ratio was 15.13% or $512.4 million more than the 10.00% regulatory requirement for well-capitalized banks.  Our Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 13.08% and our Tier 1 leverage ratio of 10.62% as of September 30, 2009 also significantly exceeded regulatory guidelines for well-capitalized banks.

 

During the third quarter of 2009, we continued to manage our exposure to problem assets through sales of $206.3 million in problem loans and other real estate owned (“OREO”) as well as a reduction in land and construction loan balances of $355.6 million, or 25% from June 30, 2009.  Total delinquent loans decreased for the second consecutive quarter, declining $71.8 million or 24% as of September 30, 2009 relative to June 30, 2009.  Specifically, loans 30 to 59 days delinquent decreased 63% or $37.3 million, 60 to 89 day delinquent loans decreased 30% or $27.1 million, and 90 or more day delinquent loans decreased 5.0% or $7.4 million, as of September 30, 2009 relative to June 30, 2009.  The decline in delinquent loans is primarily due to the sale, payoff and resolution of problem assets.    During the third quarter of 2009, we sold $180.6 million in loans and $25.7 million in OREO properties.  These sales of problem assets have resulted in net chargeoffs of $60.1 million and $91.9 million for the third quarter of 2009 and first nine months of 2009, respectively.  Our proactive actions to identify and manage our exposure to problem assets have resulted in elevated chargeoff levels throughout 2008 and 2009.  If the REO is sold shortly after it is received in a foreclosure, the adjustment made to the loss is charged against or credit to the allowance for loan losses, if deemed material.  Total net chargeoffs amounted to $151.2 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared to $133.9 million and $59.6 million during the second and first quarters of 2009, respectively.  At September 30, 2009, the allowance for loan losses amounted to $230.7 million or 2.74% of total gross loans, compared to $223.7 million or 2.62% as of June 30, 2009, and $195.5 million or 2.42% as of March 31, 2009.  We recorded $159.2 million in loan loss provisions during the third quarter of 2009, compared to $151.4 million and $43.0 million recorded during the second quarter of 2009 and third quarter of 2008, respectively.

 

Nonperforming assets totaled $230.2 million representing 1.84% of total assets at September 30, 2009.  This compares to $189.4 million or 1.49% at June 30, 2009 and $286.6 million or 2.28% of total assets at March 31, 2009.  Nonperforming assets as of September 30, 2009 are comprised of nonaccrual loans totaling $204.4 million, OREO totaling $24.2 million, and accruing loans past due 90 days or more of $1.6 million.  Total nonaccrual loans increased 26% to $204.4 million as of September 30, 2009 from $162.2 million as of June 30, 2009 but decreased 18% from $248.0 million as of March 31, 2009.  Included in nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2009 are loans totaling $66.0 million which were not 90 days past due as of September 30, 2009, but have been classified as nonaccrual due to concerns surrounding collateral values and future collectibility.  The increase in nonperforming assets at September 30, 2009, relative to June 30, 2009, was largely due to increases in nonaccrual land loans that

 

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are current or otherwise less than 90 days delinquent.  These loans were placed on nonaccrual status to proactively manage these problem assets.  We also had $116.5 million and $89.5 million in total performing restructured loans as of September 30, 2009 and June 30, 2009, respectively, which were excluded from nonperforming assets.

 

Included in the $116.5 million total restructured loans as of September 30, 2009 were $104.1 million in performing A/B notes.  In A/B note restructurings, the original loan is bifurcated into two notes where the A note represents the portion of the original loan which allows for acceptable loan-to-value and debt coverage on the collateral and is expected to be collected in full and the B note represents the portion of the original loan which is the shortfall in value and is fully charged off.  The A/B notes balance as of September 30, 2009 is comprised of A note balances only.  The A notes are performing loans at market interest rates that have demonstrated sustained repayment and performance with adequate collateral and cash flows and are accruing interest.  In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, A notes must be disclosed as troubled debt restructurings until the beginning of the next fiscal year.

 

In addition to the loan loss provision of $159.2 million posted during the third quarter of 2009, we also recorded $24.2 million in OTTI losses on our pooled trust preferred securities prompted by diminishing collateral values, deteriorating cash flows, and increased deferrals and defaulted payments from many small banks that issued these instruments.  We also recorded $767 thousand in OREO expenses during the quarter ended September 30, 2009.  Excluding these items, our core pre-tax operating income before extraordinary item was $63.0 million for the third quarter of 2009.  This compares to $56.0 million and $50.1 million in core pre-tax operating income during the second quarter of 2009 and third quarter of 2008, respectively.  We believe that core pre-tax operating income is a strong indicator of our stable core earnings.  Although a non-GAAP measure, a reconciliation of our loss before benefit from income taxes to core pre-tax operating income is as follows:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2009

 

June 30, 2009

 

September 30, 2008

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Loss before benefit for income taxes

 

$

(121,308

)

$

(147,273

)

$

(48,561

)

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

159,244

 

151,422

 

43,000

 

Impairment loss on investment securities

 

24,249

 

37,447

 

53,567

 

FDIC special assessment

 

 

5,700

 

 

Other real estate owned expense

 

767

 

8,682

 

2,123

 

Core pre-tax operating income

 

$

62,952

 

$

55,978

 

$

50,129

 

 

Net interest income amounted to $95.9 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with $88.3 million during the second quarter of 2009 and $86.5 million during the third quarter of 2008.  Our net interest margin increased to 3.20% during the third quarter of 2009 relative to 2.98% during the second quarter of 2009 and 3.10% during the third quarter of 2008.  The increase in our net interest margin can be attributed to the maturity of higher cost CDs, new core deposits at lower costs, the maturity and paydown of FHLB advances, the impact from the desecuritization, and higher yields realized on investable funds and new loans.  We anticipate our net interest margin to increase during the remainder of 2009 as we continue to increase our core deposit base and pay down higher cost FHLB advances.

 

Total noninterest loss amounted to $(11.9) million during the third quarter of 2009, compared with noninterest loss of $(26.2) million during the second quarter of 2009 and $(43.6) million during the third quarter of 2008.  During the third quarter of 2009 we recorded $24.2 million in OTTI losses, compared with $37.4 million and $53.6 million in such losses recorded during the second quarter of 2009 and the third quarter of 2008, respectively.  Core noninterest income amounted to $10.2 million during

 

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the third quarter of 2009, compared with $9.5 million and $9.8 million recorded during the second quarter of 2009 and the third quarter of 2008, respectively.  We believe that core noninterest income is a strong indicator of our stable core earnings.  Although a non-GAAP measure, a reconciliation of our noninterest income to core noninterest income is as follows:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2009

 

June 30, 2009

 

September 30, 2008

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Noninterest loss

 

$

(11,880

)

$

(26,199

)

$

(43,550

)

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment loss on investment securities

 

24,249

 

37,447

 

53,567

 

Subtract:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net gain on sale of investment securities

 

(2,177

)

(1,680

)

 

Net gain on fixed assets

 

(25

)

(25

)

(44

)

Net gain on sale of loans

 

(8

)

(3

)

(144

)

Core noninterest income

 

$

10,159

 

$

9,540

 

$

9,829

 

 

Total noninterest expense amounted to $46.1 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared with $57.9 million and $48.5 million recorded during the second quarter of 2009 and the third quarter of 2008, respectively.  The decrease in noninterest expense during the third quarter of 2009 relative to the second quarter of 2009 is primarily due to lower losses on sales, writedowns and expenses on OREO properties as well as lower deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments.  During the second quarter of 2009, we accrued $5.7 million in special FDIC assessments that was paid on September 30, 2009.  There were no special assessments recorded during the third quarter of 2009.  Our efficiency ratio, which represents noninterest expense (excluding amortization and/or impairment losses on intangible assets and investments in affordable housing partnerships) divided by the aggregate of net interest income before provision for loan losses and noninterest income, excluding impairment losses on investment securities, was 39.99% during the third quarter of 2009 compared with 55.12% during the second quarter of 2009 and 46.40% during the third quarter of 2008.  We will continue to explore various cost management opportunities during the remainder of 2009 and beyond.

 

Total consolidated assets at September 30, 2009 slightly increased to $12.49 billion, compared with $12.42 billion at December 31, 2008.  Similarly, total average assets increased to $12.64 billion during the third quarter of 2009, compared to $12.62 billion and $11.71 billion during the second quarter of 2009 and the third quarter of 2008, respectively.  Growth in average short-term investments and average held-to-maturity investment securities accounted for the majority of the increase in total average assets during the first three quarters of 2009 relative to the third quarter of 2008.  The increases in average short-term investments and held-to-maturity investment securities can be attributed to proceeds received in conjunction with our issuance of Series B preferred stock during December 2008, notable increases in our deposit base during the first three quarters of 2009, as well as the reinvestment of a portion of our loan payoffs into short-term securities and investment securities.  Total average deposits grew to $8.66 billion during the third quarter of 2009, compared to $8.44 billion and $7.47 billion during the second quarter of 2009 and the third quarter of 2008, respectively, with the largest increase coming from money market accounts.

 

During the third quarter of 2009, we continued to experience deposit growth with total deposits increasing to a record $8.67 billion as of September 30, 2009, representing a 6% or $526.6 million, increase over year-end 2008.  This increase in total deposits was predominantly due to a 30% or $1.03 billion increase in our core deposit base as of September 30, 2009 relative to December 31, 2008.  Since mid-2008, we have experienced strong deposit momentum through both our retail branch network and our commercial deposit platforms despite volatile and challenging market conditions.  As a result of this increase in core deposits, we were able to reduce our reliance on higher cost brokered time deposits and pay down higher cost FHLB advances which decreased $430.1 million or 32% to $923.2 million as of September 30, 2009.  We intend to pay down maturing FHLB advances totaling $200.0 million during

 

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the remainder of 2009.  These FHLB advances currently have interest rates ranging from 4% to over 5%.  Our cost of deposits has steadily declined in conjunction with the growth of our core deposit base, decreasing 23 basis points to 1.24% during the third quarter of 2009, relative to the second quarter of 2009, and decreasing 90 basis points since the quarter ended December 31, 2008.  Similarly, our cost of funds decreased 24 basis points to 1.88% during the third quarter of 2009, from 2.12% for the second quarter of 2009, and decreased 89 basis points since the quarter ended December 31, 2008.

 

Our liquidity position remains strong.  Our total borrowing capacity and holdings of cash and due from banks, short-term investments and interest-bearing deposits in other banks amounted to $3.85 billion as of September 30, 2009, compared to $3.97 billion as of June 30, 2009 and $3.94 billion as of March 31, 2009.  As of September 30, 2009, we had $132.6 million in cash and due from banks, $320.9 million in interest-bearing deposits, $460.7 million in short-term investments, and approximately $2.94 billion in available borrowing capacity from various sources including the Federal Home Loan Bank, the Federal Reserve Bank, and federal funds facilities with several financial institutions.  We believe that our liquidity position is more than sufficient to meet our operating expenses, borrowing needs and other obligations.

 

As of September 30, 2009, we updated our goodwill impairment analysis to determine whether and to what extent our goodwill asset was impaired.  As a result of this updated analysis, we determined that there was no goodwill impairment at September 30, 2009.

 

On July 15, 2009, the Board of Directors declared third quarter dividends on our common stock and remaining Series A preferred stock.  We will continue to review our dividend policy quarterly in light of the current economic environment.

 

We continue to explore opportunities for growth and expansion both organically and by acquisition, including FDIC-assisted acquisitions for banks which fail and are placed in receivership.  During the third quarter of 2009, we opened a Representative Office in Taipei.  Our growing physical presence in Asia includes a full service branch in Hong Kong and Representative Offices in Beijing and Shanghai.  With our increasing presence in Asia, we will be better able to facilitate our customers’ lending and overall banking needs.

 

Results of Operations

 

Net loss for the third quarter of 2009 totaled $(68.5) million, compared with net loss of $(31.2) million for the third quarter of 2008.  On a per basic and diluted share basis, net loss was $(0.91) and $(0.56) during the third quarters of 2009 and 2008, respectively.  During the third quarter of 2009, our operating results were significantly impacted by $159.2 million in loan loss provisions and $24.2 million in credit-related impairment loss on investment securities, partially offset by a $52.8 million benefit from income taxes.  In comparison, we recorded $43.0 million in loan loss provisions and $53.6 million in impairment losses on investment securities, partially offset by a $17.4 million benefit from income taxes during the third quarter of 2008.  Our annualized return on average total assets decreased to (2.17%) for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, from (1.07%) for the same period in 2008.  The annualized return on average stockholders’ equity decreased to (17.76%) for the third quarter of 2009, compared with (10.06%) for the third quarter of 2008.

 

We incurred a net loss after extraordinary item for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 of $(183.1) million, or $(3.19) loss per basic and diluted share, compared with net loss of $(52.0) million, or $(0.90) loss per basic and diluted share, reported during the corresponding period in 2008.  The net loss reported during the first nine months of 2009 was primarily due to the $388.7 million in loan loss provisions and $61.9 million in credit-related impairment losses on investment securities, partially offset

 

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Table of Contents

 

by a $126.8 million benefit from income taxes.  In comparison, we recorded $183.0 million in loan loss provisions recorded during the first nine months of 2008 and $63.5 million in impairment losses on investment securities, partially offset by a $33.9 million benefit from income taxes.  Our annualized return on average total assets decreased to (1.94%) for the first nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to (0.59%) for the same period in 2008.  The annualized return on average total stockholders’ equity decreased to (15.87%) for the first nine months of 2009, compared with (5.75%) for the same period in 2008.

 

Components of Net Loss

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(In millions)

 

(In millions)

 

Net interest income

 

$

95.9

 

$

86.5

 

$

263.8

 

$

278.3

 

Provision for loan losses

 

(159.2

)

(43.0

)

(388.7

)

(183.0

)

Noninterest (loss) income

 

(11.9

)

(43.6

)

(24.3

)

(24.2

)

Noninterest expense

 

(46.1

)

(48.5

)

(155.4

)

(157.1

)

Benefit from income taxes

 

52.8

 

17.4

 

126.9

 

34.0

 

Net loss before extraordinary item

 

(68.5

)

(31.2

)

(177.7

)

(52.0

)

Impact of desecuritization, net of tax

 

 

 

5.4

 

 

Net loss after extraordinary item

 

$

(68.5

)

$

(31.2

)

$

(183.1

)

$

(52.0

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annualized return on average total assets

 

-2.17

%

-1.07

%

-1.94

%

-0.59

%

Annualized return on average total equity

 

-17.76

%

-10.06

%

-15.87

%

-5.75

%

Annualized return on average common equity

 

-27.12

%

-13.49

%

-27.46

%

-6.83

%

 

Net Interest Income

 

Our primary source of revenue is net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on loans, investment securities and other earning assets less the interest expense on deposits, borrowings and other interest-bearing liabilities.  Net interest income for the third quarter of 2009 totaled $95.9 million, an 11% increase over net interest income of $86.5 million same period in 2008For the first nine months of 2009, net interest income decreased 5% to $263.8 million, compared to $278.3 million for the same period in 2008.

 

Net interest margin, defined as net interest income divided by average earning assets, increased 10 basis points to 3.20% during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, from 3.10% during the third quarter of 2008.  The increase in our net interest margin can be attributed to the maturity of higher cost CDs, new core deposits at lower costs, the maturity and paydown of FHLB advances, the impact from the desecuritization, and higher yields realized on investable funds and new loans.  The net interest margin for the first nine months of 2009 decreased 38 basis points to 2.97%, compared with 3.35% during the same period in 2008.  The decline in the net interest margin for the first three quarters of 2009 relative to the same period in 2008 reflects the steep decrease in the federal funds target rate during 2008, the actions we took to resolve our problem assets, and the reinvestment of net loan payoffs into lower yielding investment securities and other short-term investments.

 

The following table presents the net interest spread, net interest margin, average balances, interest income and expense, and the average yields and rates by asset and liability component for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Yield/

 

Average

 

 

 

Yield/

 

 

 

Volume

 

Interest

 

Rate (1)

 

Volume

 

Interest

 

Rate (1)

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term investments

 

$

387,753

 

$

402

 

0.41

%

$

340,228

 

$

1,953

 

2.28

%

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

509,774

 

1,454

 

1.12

%

495

 

5

 

4.01

%

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

91,033

 

2,153

 

9.25

%

50,000

 

1,276

 

10.12

%

Investment securities (2)(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable

 

761,615

 

11,886

 

6.24

%

 

 

 

Tax-exempt (4)(5)

 

22,727

 

256

 

4.51

%

 

 

 

Available-for-sale (3)(4)(5)

 

1,543,004

 

16,425

 

4.22

%

2,126,894

 

23,315

 

4.35

%

Loans receivable (2)(6)

 

8,471,766

 

114,512

 

5.36

%

8,451,517

 

131,682

 

6.18

%

FHLB and FRB stock

 

123,514

 

918

 

2.97

%

114,281

 

1,803

 

6.26

%

Total interest-earning assets

 

11,911,186

 

148,006

 

4.93

%

11,083,415

 

160,034

 

5.73

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

124,708

 

 

 

 

 

136,018

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(244,542

)

 

 

 

 

(171,025

)

 

 

 

 

Other assets

 

843,925

 

 

 

 

 

660,736

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

12,635,277

 

 

 

 

 

$

11,709,144

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Checking accounts

 

$

342,922

 

$

286

 

0.33

%

$

399,866

 

$

659

 

0.65

%

Money market accounts

 

2,160,722

 

6,830

 

1.25

%

1,046,721

 

5,664

 

2.15

%

Savings deposits

 

421,844

 

608

 

0.57

%

449,687

 

929

 

0.82

%

Time deposits less than $100,000

 

1,090,647

 

5,572

 

2.03

%

1,151,876

 

7,932

 

2.73

%

Time deposits $100,000 or greater

 

3,308,057

 

13,674

 

1.64

%

3,045,325

 

25,573

 

3.33

%

Federal funds purchased

 

1,385

 

2

 

0.57

%

87,606

 

430

 

1.95

%

FHLB advances

 

1,046,056

 

11,172

 

4.24

%

1,541,799

 

17,140

 

4.41

%

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

1,018,321

 

12,140

 

4.66

%

1,000,273

 

12,063

 

4.78

%

Long-term debt

 

235,570

 

1,760

 

2.92

%

235,570

 

2,957

 

4.98

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

 

9,625,524

 

52,044

 

2.15

%

8,958,723

 

73,347

 

3.25

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Demand deposits

 

1,335,131

 

 

 

 

 

1,375,103

 

 

 

 

 

Other liabilities

 

130,800

 

 

 

 

 

134,809

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

1,543,822

 

 

 

 

 

1,240,509

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

12,635,277

 

 

 

 

 

$

11,709,144

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate spread

 

 

 

 

 

2.78

%

 

 

 

 

2.48

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income and net interest margin

 

 

 

$

95,962

 

3.20

%

 

 

$

86,687

 

3.10

%

 


(1) Annualized.

(2) Includes amortization of premium and accretion of discounts on investment securities and loans receivable totaling $(1.6) million and $(3.3) million for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  Also includes the amortization of deferred loan fees totaling $(1.9) million and $284 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

(3) Average balances exclude unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities.

(4) Total interest income and average yield rate on an unadjusted basis for tax-exempt investment securities held-to-maturity is $174 thousand and 3.06% for the three months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, and none for the three months ended September 30, 2008. Total interest income and average yield rate on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $16.4 million and 4.22% for the three months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Total interest income and average yield rate on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $23.1 million and 4.32% for the three months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.

(5) Amounts calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

(6) Average balances include nonperforming loans.

 

46



Table of Contents

 

The following table presents the net interest spread, net interest margin, average balances, interest income and expense and the average yields and rates by asset and liability component for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Yield/

 

Average

 

 

 

Yield/

 

 

 

Volume

 

Interest

 

Rate (1)

 

Volume

 

Interest

 

Rate (1)

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term investments

 

$

405,387

 

$

2,663

 

0.88

%

$

181,675

 

$

3,093

 

2.27

%

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

430,382

 

4,678

 

1.45

%

495

 

14

 

3.77

%

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

64,286

 

4,695

 

9.63

%

76,898

 

5,533

 

9.58

%

Investment securities (3)(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable

 

646,936

 

30,464

 

6.28

%

 

 

 

Tax-exempt (2)(5)

 

20,737

 

907

 

5.83

%

 

 

 

Available-for-sale (2)(4)(5)

 

1,878,815

 

57,101

 

4.06

%

1,986,124

 

76,814

 

5.15

%

Loans receivable (3)(6)

 

8,305,602

 

336,997

 

5.42

%

8,725,596

 

425,113

 

6.49

%

FHLB and FRB stock

 

122,369

 

1,969

 

2.15

%

115,839

 

5,275

 

6.07

%

Total interest-earning assets

 

11,874,514

 

439,474

 

4.95

%

11,086,627

 

515,842

 

6.20

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

120,493

 

 

 

 

 

136,708

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(210,015

)

 

 

 

 

(132,548

)

 

 

 

 

Other assets

 

799,008

 

 

 

 

 

664,711

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

12,584,000

 

 

 

 

 

$

11,755,498

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Checking accounts

 

$

351,933

 

$

1,003

 

0.38

%

$

416,636

 

$

2,707

 

0.87

%

Money market accounts

 

1,826,626

 

18,664

 

1.37

%

1,081,520

 

20,246

 

2.49

%

Savings deposits

 

416,011

 

1,969

 

0.63

%

463,172

 

3,341

 

0.96

%

Time deposits less than $100,000

 

1,194,374

 

22,137

 

2.48

%

1,018,609

 

24,333

 

3.18

%

Time deposits $100,000 or greater

 

3,391,653

 

51,160

 

2.02

%

3,073,775

 

85,919

 

3.72

%

Federal funds purchased

 

2,889

 

8

 

0.37

%

115,370

 

2,176

 

2.51

%

FHLB advances

 

1,200,713

 

38,191

 

4.25

%

1,622,429

 

54,363

 

4.46

%

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

1,007,912

 

36,016

 

4.71

%

1,000,750

 

33,881

 

4.51

%

Long-term debt

 

235,570

 

6,211

 

3.48

%

235,570

 

9,675

 

5.47

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

 

9,627,681

 

175,359

 

2.44

%

9,027,831

 

236,641

 

3.49

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Demand deposits

 

1,292,852

 

 

 

 

 

1,379,975

 

 

 

 

 

Other liabilities

 

125,183

 

 

 

 

 

141,275

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

1,538,284

 

 

 

 

 

1,206,417

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

12,584,000

 

 

 

 

 

$

11,755,498

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate spread

 

 

 

 

 

2.51

%

 

 

 

 

2.71

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income and net interest margin

 

 

 

$

264,115

 

2.97

%

 

 

$

279,201

 

3.35

%

 


(1) Annualized.

(2) Amounts calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

(3) Includes amortization of premium and accretion of discounts on investment securities and loans receivable totaling $(3.3) million and $(5.4) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, and 2008, respectively. Also includes the amortization of deferred loan fees totaling $(4.6) million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

(4) Average balances exclude unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities.

(5) Total interest income and average yield rate on an unadjusted basis for tax-exempt investment securities held-to-maturity is $613 thousand and 3.94% for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, and none for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Total interest income and average yield rate on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $57.1 million and 4.06% for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, and $75.9 million and 5.09% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.

(6) Average balances include nonperforming loans.

 

47



Table of Contents

 

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income

 

Changes in net interest income are a function of changes in rates and volumes of both interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  The following table sets forth information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated.  The total change for each category of interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability is segmented into the change attributable to variations in volume (changes in volume multiplied by old rate) and the change attributable to variations in interest rates (changes in rates multiplied by old volume).  Nonaccrual loans are included in average loans used to compute this table.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2009 vs. 2008

 

2009 vs. 2008

 

 

 

Total

 

Changes Due to

 

Total

 

Changes Due to

 

 

 

Change

 

Volume (1)

 

Rates (1)

 

Change

 

Volume (1)

 

Rates (1)

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

(In thousands)

 

INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term investments

 

$

(1,551

)

$

240

 

$

(1,791

)

$

(430

)

$

2,235

 

$

(2,665

)

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

1,449

 

1,455

 

(6

)

4,664

 

4,678

 

(14

)

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

877

 

977

 

(100

)

(838

)

(937

)

99

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable

 

11,886

 

 

 

30,464

 

 

 

Tax-exempt (2)

 

256

 

 

 

907

 

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale (2)

 

(6,890

)

(6,047

)

(843

)

(19,713

)

(3,544

)

(16,169

)

Loans receivable

 

(17,170

)

315

 

(17,485

)

(88,116

)

(19,981

)

(68,135

)

FHLB and FRB stock

 

(885

)

135

 

(1,020

)

(3,306

)

279

 

(3,585

)

Total interest and dividend income

 

$

(12,028

)

$

(2,925

)

$

(21,245

)

$

(76,368

)

$

(17,270

)

$

(90,469

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Checking accounts

 

$

(373

)

$

(83

)

$

(290

)

$

(1,704

)

$

(370

)

$

(1,334

)

Money market accounts

 

1,166

 

4,226

 

(3,060

)

(1,582

)

10,059

 

(11,641

)

Savings deposits

 

(321

)

(55

)

(266

)

(1,372

)

(315

)

(1,057

)

Time deposits less than $100,000

 

(2,360

)

(403

)

(1,957

)

(2,196

)

3,739

 

(5,935

)

Time deposits $100,000 or greater

 

(11,899

)

2,044

 

(13,943

)

(34,759

)

8,048

 

(42,807

)

Federal funds purchased

 

(428

)

(249

)

(179

)

(2,168

)

(1,157

)

(1,011

)

FHLB advances

 

(5,968

)

(5,318

)

(650

)

(16,172

)

(13,684

)

(2,488

)

Securities sold under resale agreements

 

78

 

216

 

(138

)

2,135

 

230

 

1,905

 

Long-term debt

 

(1,198

)

 

(1,198

)

(3,464

)

 

(3,464

)

Total interest expense

 

(21,303

)

378

 

(21,681

)

(61,282

)

6,550

 

(67,832

)

CHANGE IN NET INTEREST INCOME

 

$

9,275

 

$

(3,303

)

$

436

 

$

(15,086

)

$

(23,820

)

$

(22,637

)

 


(1) Change in interest income/expense not arising from volume or rate variances are allocated proportionately to rate and volume.

(2) Amounts calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.  Total change on an unadjusted basis for tax-exempt investment securities held-to-maturity is $174 thousand, and there is no total change due to volume and rates on an unadjusted basis for tax-exempt investment securities held-to-maturity for the three months ended September 30, 2009 vs. 2008. Total change on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $(6.7) million, and total changes due to volume and rates on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $(6.0) million and $(754) thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2009 vs. 2008, respectively.

Total change on an unadjusted basis for tax-exempt investment securities held-to-maturity is $613 thousand, and there is no total change due to volume and rates on an unadjusted basis for tax-exempt investment securities held-to-maturity for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 vs. 2008. Total change on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $(18.8) million, and total changes due to volume and rates on an unadjusted basis for investment securities available-for-sale is $(3.1) million and $(15.7) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 vs. 2008, respectively.

 

Provision for Loan Losses

 

We recorded $159.2 million and $388.7 million in provisions for loan losses during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively.  In comparison, we recorded $43.0 million and $183.0 million in provisions for loan losses during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively.  The significant increase in loan loss provisions recorded during the third quarter of 2009 reflects our elevated chargeoff levels as we continue to manage down our exposure to problem assets.  During the third quarter of 2009, our ongoing efforts to proactively identify and resolve problem assets resulted in the sale of $180.6 million in problem loans and $25.7 million in OREO properties.  Losses of

 

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$60.1 million realized from the sale of problem loans and OREO properties during the third quarter of 2009 are included in total chargeoffs.  Gain or losses from the sale of OREO properties that are sold shortly after they are received in a foreclosure are credited or charged against the allowance for loan losses, if deemed material.  In conjunction with our efforts to manage and reduce our problem assets, we recorded $151.2 million and $344.7 million in net chargeoffs during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009.  This compares to $39.7 million and $99.9 million in net chargeoffs recorded during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively.  Although we believe that credit challenges will continue throughout 2009, we have actively lowered our exposure to land and construction loans and our overall credit risk on these portfolios have been significantly reduced.  Throughout the course of 2008 and the first nine months of 2009, we have substantially pared down both the outstanding loan balances as well as the total commitments on these loan categories by $2.03 billion or 63%.  We continue to aggressively monitor delinquencies and proactively review the credit risk exposure of other segments of our loan portfolio to mitigate losses.

 

During May 2009, we desecuritized our private label mortgage backed securities which resulted in $635.6 million of single and multifamily loans being added to the loan portfolio with a corresponding decrease in investment securities available-for-sale.  As a result of this transaction, we recorded an extraordinary loss of $5.4 million on a net of tax basis during the second quarter of 2009 which represents the allowance for loan losses on these single family and multifamily loans.

 

Provisions for loan losses are charged to income to bring the allowance for credit losses as well as the allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance sheet credit exposures, and recourse provisions to a level deemed appropriate by the Company based on the factors discussed under the “Allowance for Loan Losses” section of this report.

 

Noninterest (Loss) Income

 

Components of Noninterest (Loss) Income

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(In millions)

 

(In millions)

 

Impairment loss on investment securities

 

$

(24.2

)

$

(53.6

)

$

(61.9

)

$

(63.5

)

Branch fees

 

4.7

 

4.3

 

14.5

 

12.7

 

Net gain on investment securities

 

2.2

 

 

7.4

 

7.8

 

Letters of credit fees and commissions

 

2.0

 

2.3

 

5.8

 

7.5

 

Ancillary loan fees

 

1.2

 

1.8

 

4.8

 

3.9

 

Income from life insurance policies

 

1.1

 

1.0

 

3.3

 

3.1

 

Net gain on sale of loans

 

 

0.1

 

 

2.3

 

Other operating income

 

1.1

 

0.4

 

1.8

 

2.0

 

Total

 

$

(11.9

)

$

(43.6

)

$

(24.3

)

$

(24.2

)

 

Noninterest (loss) income includes revenues earned from sources other than interest income.  These sources include service charges and fees on deposit accounts, fees and commissions generated from trade finance activities and the issuance of letters of credit, ancillary fees on loans, net gains on sales of loans, investment securities, and other assets, impairment losses on investment securities and other assets, and other noninterest-related revenues.

 

Noninterest loss amounted to $(11.9) million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009 compared with ($43.6) million for the corresponding quarter in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest loss totaled $(24.3) million, compared to ($24.2) million recorded during the first nine months of 2008.  Included in noninterest loss during the third quarter of 2009 is a $24.2 million credit-related impairment loss on our pooled trust preferred securities recorded pursuant to the provisions of

 

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ASC 320-10-65 which the Company implemented during the first quarter of 2009.  During the third quarter of 2008, we recorded $53.6 million in total impairment charges, of which $47.0 million were related to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock and $6.6 million were related to pooled trust preferred securities.  For the first nine months of 2009, total credit-related impairment losses on investment securities amounted to $61.9 million.  This compares to $63.5 million in impairment losses recorded on investment securities during the first nine months of 2008.

 

Branch fees, which represent revenues derived from branch operations, increased 9% to $4.7 million in the third quarter of 2009, from $4.3 million for the same quarter in 2008.  Similarly, branch fee income for the first nine months of 2009 increased 14% to $14.5 million, compared to $12.7 million in the same prior year period.  The increase in branch-related fees can be attributed primarily to higher revenues from service and transaction charges on deposit accounts.

 

Letters of credit fees and commissions, which represent revenues from trade finance operations as well as fees related to the issuance and maintenance of standby letters of credit, decreased 14% to $2.0  million during the third quarter of 2009, from $2.3 million recorded during the same period in 2008For the first nine months of 2009, letters of credit fees and commissions decreased 23% to $5.8 million, compared to $7.5 million for the first nine months of 2008.  The decrease in letters of credit fees and commissions is primarily due to the decline in the volume of standby letters of credit during 2009 relative to the prior year as well as a decrease in commissions generated from trade finance activities due to the downturn in the economy.

 

Net gain on sales of investment securities amounted to $2.2 million during the third quarter of 2009.  There were no sales of investment securities during the third quarter of 2008.  During the first nine months of 2009, net gain on sales of investment securities decreased 5% to $7.4 million, from the $7.8 million recorded during the same period in 2008.  Proceeds from the sale of investment securities provide additional liquidity to purchase additional investment securities, to fund loan originations, and to pay down borrowings.

 

Ancillary loan fees consist of revenues earned from the servicing of mortgages, fees related to the monitoring and disbursement of construction loan proceeds, and other miscellaneous loan income.  Ancillary loan fees decreased 31% to $1.2 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared to $1.8 million recorded during the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, ancillary loan fees increased 23% to $4.8 million, compared to $3.9 million for the first nine months of 2008.

 

We had minimal secondary market activity during the first three quarters of 2009.  The net gain on sales of loans recorded during 2008 is primarily due to sales of single family loans to Fannie Mae as well as bulk sales of commercial real estate loans to various third parties consummated during these periods.

 

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Noninterest Expense

 

Components of Noninterest Expense

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(In millions)

 

(In millions)

 

Compensation and employee benefits

 

$

15.9

 

$

17.5

 

$

49.5

 

$

66.6

 

Occupancy and equipment expense

 

6.3

 

6.8

 

20.0

 

20.4

 

Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments

 

6.1

 

1.7

 

19.0

 

5.2

 

Other real estate owned expense

 

0.8

 

2.1

 

16.5

 

3.5

 

Loan related expense

 

2.2

 

2.4

 

5.3

 

6.0

 

Amortization of investments in affordable housing partnerships

 

1.7

 

1.9

 

5.1

 

5.5

 

Legal expense

 

1.3

 

0.9

 

4.9

 

3.9

 

Data processing

 

1.1

 

1.1

 

3.4

 

3.4

 

Amortization and impairment loss of premiums on deposits acquired

 

1.1

 

1.6

 

3.3

 

6.1

 

Deposit-related expenses

 

0.9

 

1.2

 

2.9

 

3.4

 

Impairment loss on goodwill

 

 

0.3

 

 

0.9

 

Other operating expenses

 

8.7

 

11.0

 

25.5

 

32.2

 

Total noninterest expense

 

$

46.1

 

$

48.5

 

$

155.4

 

$

157.1

 

Efficiency Ratio (1)

 

39.99

%

46.40

%

48.67

%

45.51

%

 


(1)  Represents noninterest expense, excluding the amortization and/or impairment losses of intangibles, and amortization of investments in affordable housing partnerships, divided by the aggregate of net interest income before provision for loan losses and noninterest income, excluding impairment loss on investment securities.

 

Noninterest expense, which is comprised primarily of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy and other operating expenses decreased 5% to $46.1 million during the third quarter of 2009, from $48.5 million for the same quarter in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest expense decreased 1% to $155.4 million, compared with $157.1 million during the same period in 2008.

 

Compensation and employee benefits decreased 9% to $15.9 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared to $17.5 million for the third quarter of 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, compensation and employee benefits decreased 26% to $49.5 million, compared with $66.6 million for the first nine months of 2008.  The decrease in compensation and employee benefit expenses is due to the impact of initiatives undertaken by the Company throughout the past year and 2008 to reduce overall staffing levels and lower compensation-related incentives and expenses.

 

Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments increased to $6.1 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with $1.7 million during the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments increased to $19.0 million compared to $5.2 million for the same period in 2008.  Increases in the FDIC deposit assessment rate during the third quarter of 2009 contributed to the increase in deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, relative to the same periods in 2008.  Furthermore, the special assessment imposed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) resulted in a $5.7 million impact to our pretax earnings during the second quarter of 2009 and was paid on September 30, 2009.

 

We recorded OREO expenses, net of OREO revenues and gains, totaling $767 thousand during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with $2.1 million recorded during the same period in 2008For the first nine months of 2009, net OREO expenses increased to $16.5 million, compared with $3.5 million in net OREO expenses during the first nine months of 2008.  The $767 thousand in total OREO expenses incurred during the third quarter of 2009 is comprised of $1.1 million in various operating and maintenance expenses related to our higher volume of OREO properties, $559 thousand in valuation losses, and $920 thousand in net gains from the sale of ten OREO properties consummated during the third quarter of 2009.  For the first nine months of 2009, total net OREO expenses amounting to $16.5 million were comprised of $4.0 million in various operating and maintenance expenses on

 

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OREO properties, $7.5 million in valuation losses, and $5.0 million in net losses from the sale of 110 OREO properties consummated during the first nine months of 2009.  As of September 30, 2009, total OREO, net amounted to $24.2 million, compared to $17.6 million as of September 30, 2008.

 

Amortization expense and impairment losses on premiums on deposits acquired decreased 32% to $1.1 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with $1.6 million during the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, amortization expense and impairment losses on premiums on deposits totaled $3.3 million, compared with $6.1 million incurred during the same period in 2008.  During the first quarter of 2008, we recognized an $855 thousand impairment loss on deposit premiums initially recorded for the Desert Community Bank acquisition due to higher than anticipated runoffs in certain deposit categories.  In comparison, we did not record any impairment losses on deposit premiums during the first three quarters of 2009.  Additionally, the amortization expense on deposit premiums related to the United National Bank and Standard Bank acquisitions decreased during the first nine months of 2009, relative to the same period in 2008.  This is due to lower runoff or decay rates incorporated into our core deposit amortization model after three years following the consummation of each acquisition.  The projected deposit runoff rates incorporated into the core deposit amortization models simulate the decay rates used in the Company’s current asset liability model.  Premiums on acquired deposits are amortized over their estimated useful lives.

 

Other operating expenses include advertising and public relations, telephone and postage, stationery and supplies, bank and item processing charges, insurance expenses, and other professional fees, and charitable contributions.  Other operating expenses decreased 21% to $8.8 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with $11.1 million during the same period in 2008.  Similarly, other operating expenses decreased 20% to $25.7 million for the first nine months of 2009, from $32.2 million for the same period in 2008.  The decrease in other operating expenses for both periods in 2009, relative to the same periods in 2008, is primarily due to various cost-cutting measures and initiatives that we undertook throughout 2008 and the first nine months of 2009.

 

Our efficiency ratio decreased to 39.99% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared to 46.40% for the corresponding period in 2008.  The decrease in our efficiency ratio during the third quarter of 2009 reflects our ongoing expense management efforts.  For the first nine months of 2009, the efficiency ratio was 48.67% compared with 45.51% for the same period in 2008.  The increase in our efficiency ratio for the first nine months of 2009 can be attributed largely to higher deposit insurance premiums and higher credit cycle related expenses associated with OREO/foreclosure transactions as well as lower net interest income before the provision for loan losses.

 

Income Taxes

 

The income tax benefit amounted to $52.8 million for the third quarter of 2009, representing an effective tax benefit rate of 43.5%.  In comparison, the income tax benefit of $17.4 million represented an effective tax rate of 35.7% for the third quarter of 2008.   Included in the income tax benefit recognized during the third quarters of 2009 and 2008 are $1.6 million and $2.0 million, respectively, in tax credits generated from our investments in affordable housing partnerships.

 

For the first nine months of 2009, the income tax benefit totaled $126.8 million representing an effective tax rate of 41.6%.  This compares to $33.9 million income tax benefit, representing a 39.4% effective tax rate, recorded during the first nine months of 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, the income tax benefit includes $4.7 million in tax credits, compared to $5.3 million in tax credits during the same period in 2008.  Due to the high degree of variability of the estimated annual effective tax rate when considering the range of projected income (loss) for the remainder of the year, we have determined that the actual year-to-date effective tax rate is the best estimate of the annual effective tax rate.  Our

 

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effective tax rate is derived based on our corporate statutory tax rate adjusted for permanent differences and available tax credits.

 

Management regularly reviews the Company’s tax positions and deferred tax assets.  In accordance with ASC 740-10 (previously FIN 48, Acccounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—and interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109), the Company applies a more likely than not recognition threshold for the realization of deferred tax assets.  Factors considered in this analysis include future reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable income exclusive of reversing differences, taxable income in prior carryback years, and tax planning strategies.  Although realization is not assured, management believes that it is more likely than not that the recorded deferred tax assets are fully recoverable.

 

At September 30, 2009, the total deferred tax asset amounted to $156.0 million.  This compares to $184.6 million in total deferred tax asset at December 31, 2008.  Our current earnings forecasts reflect that it is more likely than not that the Company will produce sufficient taxable income to realize the entire deferred tax asset as of September 30, 2009.  Should the expectations of future profitability materially change or should earnings in the short term differ materially from the Company’s forecast, a valuation allowance may be established if management believes any portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.  The receivable related to the deferred tax asset is reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets under the caption accrued interest receivable and other assets.

 

Management’s analysis of the deferred tax asset recognizes that the Company has incurred a cumulative loss during the preceding three-year period ended September 30, 2009 of $75.4 million, including substantial losses in 2008 and 2009.  A majority of the cumulative loss has been caused by the deterioration in credit and the substantial increase to the allowance for loan losses in the past two years.

 

Operating Segment Results

 

We had previously identified five operating segments for purposes of management reporting: retail banking, commercial lending, treasury, residential lending, and other.  Our strategic focus has been shifting and evolving over the last several years which has influenced how our chief operating decision maker views the Company’s business operations and assesses its economic performance.  Specifically, our business focus has culminated in a two-segment core business structure: Retail Banking and Commercial Banking.  A third segment, which is comprised of a combination of our previous operating segments—Treasury and Other, provides broad administrative support to these two core segments.  As a result of this evolution in our strategic focus, we realigned our segment methodology during the first quarter of 2009, and identified these three business divisions as meeting the criteria of an operating segment.  The objective of combining certain segments under a new reporting structure was to better align our service structure with our customer base, and to provide a platform to more efficiently manage the complexities and challenges impacting our current business environment.

 

The Retail Banking segment focuses primarily on retail operations through the Bank’s branch network.  The Commercial Banking segment, which includes commercial real estate, primarily generates commercial loans through the efforts of the commercial lending offices located in the Bank’s northern and southern California production offices.  Furthermore, the Commercial Banking segment also offers a wide variety of international finance and trade services and products.  The former residential lending segment has been combined with the Retail Banking segment due to the consumer-centric nature of the products and services offered by these two segments as well as the synergistic relationship between these two units in generating consumer mortgage loans.  The remaining centralized functions, including the former Treasury segment, and eliminations of intersegment amounts have been aggregated and included in “Other.”

 

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Changes in our management structure or reporting methodologies may result in changes in the measurement of operating segment results.  Results for prior periods are generally restated for comparability for changes in management structure or reporting methodologies unless it is not deemed practicable to do so.

 

Given the significant decline in short-term and long-term interest rates since 2007, we reassessed our transfer pricing assumptions during the first quarter of 2009 to be consistent with the Company’s strategic goal of growing core deposits and originating profitable, good credit quality loans.  Changes to our funds transfer pricing assumptions were made with the intent to promote core deposit growth and, given our recent credit experience, to better reflect the current risk profiles of various loan categories within our credit portfolio.  Our transfer pricing assumptions and methodologies are reviewed at least annually to ensure that our process is reflective of current market conditions.  Our transfer pricing process is formulated with the goal of incenting loan and deposit growth that is consistent with the Company’s overall growth objectives as well as provide a reasonable and consistent basis for measurement of our business segments and product net interest margins.  Changes to our transfer pricing assumptions and methodologies are approved by the Asset Liability Committee.

 

The changes in transfer pricing assumptions that we implemented during the first quarter of 2009 have not been reflected in the segment results for 2008 since these changes were adopted on a prospective basis.  We have, however, performed a high level assessment of the impact of these transfer pricing assumption changes to the various operating segments.  Based on this assessment, we determined that the full year impact of these changes was not significant overall, and would have been favorable to the segment pretax profit (loss) results for the Retail Banking and Commercial banking segments but unfavorable to the Other segment during 2008.  Additionally, the changes in transfer pricing assumptions implemented during the first quarter of 2009 would not have altered the conclusion of our goodwill impairment test performed as of September 30, 2008, had these assumptions been retroactively implemented during 2008.

 

For more information about our segments, including information about the underlying accounting and reporting process, please see Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.

 

Retail Banking

 

The Retail Banking segment reported a $(45.0) million pretax loss for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared to a $(9.7) million pretax loss for the same quarter in 2008.  The increase in pretax loss for this segment during the third quarter of 2009 is comprised of a $42.6 million increase in loan loss provision, a $1.6 million decrease in noninterest income, a $1.8 million increase in noninterest expense, and a $351 thousand decrease in net interest income.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the pretax loss for the Retail Banking segment amounted to $(85.0) million, compared to the $(5.9) million in pretax loss recorded for the same period in 2008.  The increase in pretax loss for this segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 is comprised of a $74.2 million or 105% increase in loan loss provisions, a $9.4 million or 32% decrease in noninterest income, and a $9.1 million or 10% increase in noninterest expense, partially offset by a $1.2 million or 1% increase in net interest income.

 

The slight increase in net interest income during the first nine months of 2009 is attributable to the interest rate floors on newly originated variable-rate loans, which partially offsets the steep decline in interest rates since 2008.  The sizeable increase in loan loss provisions for this segment during the third quarter of 2009 and first nine months of 2009, relative to the same periods in 2008, were due to increased

 

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chargeoff activity resulting from the downturn in the real estate housing market.  Loan loss provisions are also impacted by average loan balances for each reporting segment.

 

Noninterest income for this segment decreased 21%, to $5.9 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, from $7.4 million recorded during the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest income for the retail banking segment decreased 32% to $20.4 million, compared to $29.8 million for the same period in 2008.  The decrease in noninterest income for both periods is primarily due to lower loan fee income resulting from a notable decrease in our loan origination activities and lower net gain on sale of loans, partially offset by an increase in branch-related revenues pertaining to service and transaction charges on deposit accounts.  Additionally, noninterest income during the first nine months of 2008 reflects the $6.1 million gain on sale of investment securities from loans originated by this segment that have been securitized as part of the Company’s securitization activities.

 

Noninterest expense for this segment increased 7% to $28.9 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared with $27.1 million recorded during the third quarter of 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest expense increased 10% to $97.2 million, from $88.1 million for the same period in 2008.  The increase in noninterest expense for both periods is primarily due to higher FDIC insurance premiums, partially offset by a decrease in compensation and employee benefits and amortization and impairment losses on premiums on deposits acquired.  Higher OREO expenses further contributed to higher noninterest expense during the first nine months of 2009 relative to the same period in 2008.

 

Commercial Banking

 

The Commercial Banking segment reported a pretax loss of $(56.8) million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with pretax income of $9.1 million for the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, the pretax loss for the Commercial Banking segment amounted to $(136.3) million, compared to a pretax loss of $(13.4) million recorded during the same period in 2008.  The primary driver of the increase in pretax loss for both periods for this segment is due to a significant increase in loan loss provisions resulting from increased chargeoff activity.  Loan loss provisions increased 361% to $94.1 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared with $20.4 million for the same period in 2008.  During the first nine months of 2009, loan loss provisions increased 117% to $244.1 million, compared with $112.6 million for the same period in 2008.  Net interest income for this segment slightly decreased 1% to $43.7 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared to $44.4 million for the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, net interest income for the Commercial Banking segment amounted to $136.1 million, or a 2% increase from net interest income of $133.0 million recorded during the same period in 2008.

 

The slight increases in net interest income during the first nine months of 2009 is primarily due to a significant decrease in the charge for funds applied to the loan portfolio as a result of the declining interest rate environment.  Although interest income on loans also decreased in response to declining interest rates, the interest rate floors on variable loans helped to support the interest income on these loans.

 

Noninterest income for this segment decreased 12% to $4.8 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared with $5.4 million recorded in the same quarter of 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest income decreased 19% to $15.2 million, from $18.9 million for the same period in 2008.  The decrease in noninterest income is primarily due to a decrease in net gain on sale of loans as well as a decrease in letters of credit fees and commissions driven by a decline in the volume of standby letters of credit and commissions generated from trade finance activities due to the downturn in the economy.

 

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Noninterest expense for this segment decreased 5% to $10.3 million during the third quarter of 2009, compared with $10.8 million recorded during the same quarter in 2008.  The decrease in noninterest expense during the third quarter of 2009 is due to a decline in OREO expenses and compensation and employee benefits, partially offset by an increase in FDIC insurance premiums.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest expense for this segment increased 1%, to $36.2 million, from $35.9 million for the same period in 2008 due to an increase in OREO expenses and FDIC insurance premiums, partially offset by a decrease in compensation and employee benefits for this segment.

 

Other

 

This segment reported a pretax loss of $(19.6) million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared with a pretax loss of $(47.9) million recorded in the same quarter of 2008.  The decrease in pretax loss during the third quarter of 2009 is primarily due to an increase in net interest income and decreases in both noninterest loss and noninterest expense.  For the first nine months of 2009, the pretax loss for this segment amounted to $(83.2) million, compared to a pretax loss of $(66.7) million recorded during the same period in 2008.  The increase in the pretax loss for the first three quarters of 2009 is primarily due to an increase in net interest expense, partially offset by decreases in noninterest loss and noninterest expense.

 

Net interest income for this segment amounted to $3.4 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2009, compared to net interest expense of $7.0 million recorded in the same quarter of 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, net interest expense for this segment amounted to $31.5 million, compared with net interest expense of $12.8 million recorded during the same period in 2008.  Since this segment now includes the treasury function, which is responsible for the liquidity and interest rate risk management of the Bank, it bears the cost of adverse movements in interest rates affecting our net interest margin and supports the Retail Banking and Commercial Banking segments through funds transfer pricing.

 

Noninterest loss for this segment amounted to $22.5 million, compared with $56.4 million in noninterest loss recorded during the same quarter of 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest loss amounted to $59.9 million, compared with $72.9 million for the same period in 2008.  The noninterest loss recorded for this segment is primarily due to the $24.2 million and $61.9 million in credit-related impairment losses recorded on our investment securities during the third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.  In comparison, we recorded $53.6 million and $63.5 million in impairment losses on our investment securities during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest loss is partially offset by a higher gain on sale of investment securities amounting to $7.4 million.  This compares to $641 thousand in gains from investment securities sales for the same period in 2008.

 

Noninterest expense for this segment decreased 35% to $6.9 million, compared with $10.6 million recorded during the same quarter in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, noninterest expense for this segment decreased 34%, to $22.0 million, from $33.0 million for the same period in 2008.  The decrease in noninterest expense for both periods is primarily due to a decrease in compensation and employee benefits, partially offset by higher FDIC insurance premiums.

 

Balance Sheet Analysis

 

Total assets increased $63.1 million, or 1%, to $12.49 billion at September 30, 2009, relative to total assets of $12.42 billion at December 31, 2008.  The increase in total assets is comprised predominantly of increases in interest-bearing deposits totaling $92.4 million, held-to-maturity investment securities totaling $659.0 million, and net loans receivable amounting to $87.5 million,

 

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partially offset by decreases in short-term investments totaling $273.7 million, and available-for-sale investment securities totaling $583.2 million.  A large portion of the net increase in total assets was funded by deposit growth of $526.6 million, partially offset by a decrease in FHLB advances of $430.1 million.

 

Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value Option

 

ASC 820 (previously SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurement) and ASC 825 (previously SFAS 159, Fair Value Option) became effective on January 1, 2008.  We adopted ASC 820 which provides a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP.  This standard applies to all financial assets and liabilities that are being measured and reported at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis.  For the Company, this includes the investment securities available-for-sale portfolio, equity swap agreements, derivatives payable, mortgage servicing assets and, impaired loans.  The adoption of ASC 820 did not have any impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

We adopted ASC 820-10 (previously FSP SFAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157) effective January 1, 2009, which provided for a one-year deferral of the implementation of ASC 820 for other nonfinancial assets and liabilities, effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.  As a result of adopting this guidance, we are now providing fair value disclosures related to our OREO properties.  See Note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.

 

We did not elect to adopt the fair value option, but to continue recording the financial instruments in accordance with current practice.

 

Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements

 

We purchase securities under resale agreements (“resale agreements”) with terms that range from one day to several years.  Total resale agreements increased to $75.0 million as of September 30, 2009, compared with $50.0 million as of December 31, 2008, all of which are long-term agreements.  On June 26, 2009, we entered into a new resale agreement amounting to $25.0 million, which has a stated termination date of June 26, 2024.  This resale agreement was called on September 26, 2009.  On July 31, 2009, we entered into a new resale agreement amounting to $25.0 million, which has a stated termination date of July 31, 2024.  The collateral for these resale agreements consists of U.S. Government agency and/or U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt and/or mortgage-backed securities held in safekeeping by a third party custodian.

 

Purchases of securities under resale agreements are overcollateralized to ensure against unfavorable market price movements.  We monitor the market value of the underlying securities which collateralize the related receivable on resale agreements, including accrued interest.  In the event that the fair market value of the securities decreases below the carrying amount of the related repurchase agreement, our counterparty is required to designate an equivalent value of additional securities.  The counterparties to these agreements are nationally recognized investment banking firms that meet credit eligibility criteria and with whom a master repurchase agreement has been duly executed.

 

Investment Securities

 

Income from investing activities provides a significant portion of our total income.  We aim to maintain an investment portfolio with an adequate mix of fixed-rate and adjustable-rate securities with

 

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relatively short maturities to minimize overall interest rate risk.  Our investment securities portfolio primarily consists of U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. Government agency securities, U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities, U.S. Government sponsored and other mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, corporate debt securities, and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities.  We classify certain investment securities as held-to-maturity, and accordingly, these securities are recorded based on their amortized cost.  We also classify certain investments as available-for-sale, and accordingly, these securities are carried at their estimated fair values with the corresponding changes in fair values recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, as a component of stockholders’ equity.

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity totaled $781.3 million and $122.3 million at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, representing U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities, municipal securities, corporate debt securities and mortgage backed-securities, and other securities purchased during the first nine months of 2009 and fourth quarter of 2008.  The increase in investment securities was funded by deposit growth and capital raised during 2008.

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale decreased 29% to $1.46 billion as of September 30, 2009, compared with $2.04 billion at December 31, 2008.  The decrease is due to the desecuritization of our private-label mortgage backed securities in May 2009 which resulted in a $635.6 million increase in single and multifamily loan receivable with a corresponding decrease in available-for-sale investment securities.  Total repayments/maturities and proceeds from sales of investment securities amounted to $1.04 billion and $336.7 million, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

We recorded net gains on sales of investment securities totaling $2.2 million during the third quarter of 2009.  There were no sales of investment securities during the same period in 2008.  For the first nine months of 2009, we recorded net gains on sales of investment securities totaling $7.4 million, compared with $7.8 million recorded during the first nine months of 2008.

 

A portion of the proceeds from repayments, maturities, sales, and redemptions of investment securities were applied towards additional investment securities purchases totaling $2.01 billion.

 

At September 30, 2009, investment securities held-to-maturity with an aggregate par value of $667.1 million and available-for-sale securities with an aggregate par value of $1.09 billion were pledged to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements, the FRB discount window, and other purposes required or permitted by law.

 

We perform regular impairment analyses on our portfolio of investment securities.  If we determine that a decline in fair value is other-than-temporary, a credit-related impairment loss is recognized in current earnings.  Noncredit-related impairment losses are charged to other comprehensive income.  Other-than-temporary declines in fair value are assessed based on factors including the duration the security has been in a continuous unrealized loss position, the severity of the decline in value, the rating of the security, the probability that we will be unable to collect all amounts due, and our ability and intent to not sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  For securities that are determined to have other-than-temporary declines in value, we have both the ability and the intent to hold these securities and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases.

 

The fair values of investment securities are generally determined by reference to the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers or prices obtained from independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities.  We perform a monthly analysis on the broker quotes received from third parties to ensure that the prices

 

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represent a reasonable estimate of fair value.  Our procedures include, but are not limited to, initial and ongoing review of third party pricing methodologies, review of pricing trends, and monitoring of trading volumes.  We ensure that prices received from independent brokers represent a reasonable estimate of fair value through the use of internal and external cash flow models that are developed based on spreads, and when available, market indices. As a result of this analysis, if we determine that there is a more appropriate fair value based upon available market data, the price received from third parties is adjusted accordingly.

 

Prices from third party pricing services are often unavailable for securities that are rarely traded or are traded only in privately negotiated transactions.  As a result, certain securities are priced via independent broker quotations which utilize inputs that may be difficult to corroborate with observable market based data.  Additionally, the majority of these independent broker quotations are non-binding.

 

As a result of the global financial crisis and illiquidity in the U.S. markets, we believe that current broker prices obtained on one private-label mortgage-backed security and certain pooled trust preferred securities are based on forced liquidation or distressed sale values in very inactive markets that are not representative of the economic value of these securities.  The fair values of the private-label mortgage-backed security and pooled trust preferred securities have traditionally been based on the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers since broker quotes in an active market are given the highest priority.  However, in light of these circumstances, we modified our approach in determining the fair values of these securities.  For the pooled trust preferred securities, we believe that the cash flow analyses which demonstrate that the realizable value of these securities are equal to their carrying values should be the primary factor considered when making a judgment about other-than-temporary impairment.  For the private-label mortgage-backed security, we determined fair value by using the appropriate combination of the market approach reflecting current broker prices and a discounted cash flow approach.  The values resulting from each approach (i.e. market and income approaches) were weighted to derive the final fair value on the private-label mortgage-backed security.  In calculating the fair value derived from the income approach, we made assumptions related to the implied rate of return, general change in market rates, estimated changes in credit quality and liquidity risk premium, specific non-performance and default experience in the collateral underlying the security, as well as broker discount rates.

 

Corporate Debt Securities (Available-for-Sale)

 

The majority of unrealized losses in the available-for-sale portfolio at September 30, 2009 are related to pooled trust preferred debt securities.  As of September 30, 2009, the Company had $6.4 million in pooled trust preferred debt securities available-for-sale, representing less than 1% of the total investment securities available-for-sale portfolio.  In April 2009, except for one security which was downgraded but remained at investment grade status, the ratings for the other twelve pooled trust preferred securities were downgraded to non-investment grade status due to increased deferral and default activity from the issuers of the underlying debt collateralizing these instruments.  As of September 30, 2009, these debt instruments had gross unrealized losses amounting to $55.4 million, or 90% of the total amortized cost basis of these securities, comprised of $34.4 million in gross unrealized losses and $21.0 million, or $12.2 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related impairment losses recorded during the first nine months of 2009 pursuant to the provisions of ASC 320-10-65.

 

Almost all of the pooled trust preferred securities held by us have underlying collateral issued by banks and insurance companies.  Continued deterioration in market conditions have resulted in many more small banks either deferring or defaulting on their trust preferred debt during the third quarter of 2009.  As a result of diminishing collateral values, deteriorating cash flows, and increasing estimates of future deferrals and defaults, we recorded an impairment loss of $45.2 million on our portfolio of trust preferred securities during the third quarter of 2009, of which $24.2 million was a pre-tax credit loss

 

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recorded through earnings.  The remaining $21.0 million, or $12.2 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related impairment loss was recorded in other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2009.  We determined the amount of credit-related impairment by discounting the expected future cash flows with the effective yield of the security in accordance with generally accepted accounting principlesDuring the first quarter of 2009, we recorded an impairment loss of $13.4 million on a non-investment grade pooled trust preferred security.  During the second quarter of 2009, we recorded an impairment loss of $100.8 million on its portfolio of trust preferred securities, of which $37.4 million was a pre-tax credit loss recorded in other comprehensive income.  As of March 31, 2009, of the total impairment loss amount, $200 thousand was a pretax credit loss recorded through earnings.  The remaining $13.2 million, or $7.6 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related impairment loss was recorded in other comprehensive income.

 

During 2008 and 2007, we recorded $13.6 million and $405 thousand, respectively, in non-credit related impairment losses on three pooled trust preferred securities due to rating downgrades caused by increases in market spreads, concerns regarding the housing market, and lack of liquidity in the market.  None of these securities have experienced any credit-related losses for which OTTI was previously recorded.  Upon the implementation of ASC 320-10-65, we reclassified the combined $14.0 million, or $8.1 million on a net of tax basis, in noncredit-related OTTI impairment losses recognized during 2008 and 2007 from the opening balance of retained earnings to other comprehensive income as of March 31, 2009.

 

Mortgage-backed Securities (Held-to-Maturity)

 

As of September 30, 2009, the aggregate fair value of the non-agency held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities amounted to $105.5 million.  These securities are collateralized by single family loans and secured by first liens on these residential properties.  During the second and third quarter of 2009, three mortgage-backed securities were downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade.  Except for these three non-investment grade securities, the remaining held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities are investment grade.  As of September 30, 2009, these debt instruments had gross unrealized losses for less than twelve months amounting to $1.9 million, or 2% of the aggregate amortized cost basis of held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities, comprised of $1.8 million and $115 thousand that are non-investment grade and investment grade, respectively.

 

The decline in fair values of these securities is due to widening market spreads, concerns regarding the downturn in the housing market, and lack of liquidity in the market.  However, these securities have strong credit support, low loan-to-values, low delinquency, and low OREO ratios.  We do not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  As such, we do not deem these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

Mortgage-backed Securities (Available-for-Sale)

 

As of September 30, 2009, we had one private-label available-for-sale mortgage-backed security with a fair value of $15.5 million, with a gross unrealized loss of $5.8 million, or 27% of the amortized cost basis of this security, for more than 12 months.  During the second quarter of 2009, this security was downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade.  This security is collateralized by single family loans and secured by the first lien on these residential properties.  Additionally, any principal and interest shortfall that may arise from the deterioration of the collateral will be covered by a monoline insurance provider.  We do not intend to sell this security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell this security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  As such, we do not deem this security to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

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In May 2009, we desecuritized our private-label mortgage backed securities which resulted in a $635.6 million increase in single and multifamily loans receivable with a corresponding decrease in available-for-sale investment securities.  These single family and multifamily loans were previously originated by us and were securitized in 2006 and 2007 for additional liquidity purposes.  All of the resulting securities were retained by us in our available-for-sale investment portfolio.  Our decision to desecuritize these securities was prompted by the mark-to-market adjustments recorded on these securities that were based on price points observed in the general market for mortgage-backed securities that were not reflective of the better credit quality of the underlying loans.  These loans had very low overall delinquency rates as of September 30, 2009.  The accumulated mark-to-market adjustments on these securities, recorded in other comprehensive income, were negatively impacting our tangible common equity.  The desecuritization added $30.6 million to the Company’s tangible common equity.

 

Government-Sponsored Equity Preferred Stock (Available-for Sale)

 

In September 2008, liquidity and credit concerns led the U.S. Federal Government to assume a conservatorship role in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.  The rating on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock securities was downgraded from investment grade to non-investment grade status reflecting the cessation of dividend payments on these securities.  These securities are non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock in which unpaid dividends do not accumulate.  The purchase agreement between the U.S. Treasury and these government-sponsored entities contains a covenant prohibiting the payment of dividends on existing preferred stock.  As the assessment on the status of any resumption in dividend payments on these securities was uncertain, we recorded $55.3 million in OTTI charges on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock securities in 2008.  As of September 30, 2009, the fair value of these preferred stock securities was $3.3 million.  Gross unrealized losses on these securities amounted to $221 thousand as of September 30, 2009, or 7% of the aggregate amortized cost basis of these securities.  The outlook for these preferred securities remains stable.  We do not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  As such, we do not deem these remaining securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

We have thirteen individual securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer as of September 30, 2009.  These securities are comprised of ten corporate debt securities with a total fair value of $12.1 million, two government-sponsored equity preferred securities with a total fair value of $1.8 million, and one mortgage-backed security with a fair value of $15.5 million.  As of September 30, 2009, there were also 28 securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months.  The unrealized losses on these securities are primarily attributed to changes in interest rates as well as the liquidity crisis that has impacted all financial industries.  The issuers of these securities have not, to our knowledge, established any cause for default on these securities.  These securities have fluctuated in value since their purchase dates as market interest rates have fluctuated.  We do not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  As such, we do not deem these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2009.

 

The following table sets forth the amortized cost of investment securities held-to-maturity and the fair values of investment securities available-for-sale as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

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As of September 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

Estimated

 

 

 

Cost

 

Gains

 

Losses

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

$

252,638

 

$

530

 

$

(1,145

)

$

252,023

 

Municipal securities

 

36,118

 

1,720

 

 

37,838

 

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

75,033

 

1,909

 

(115

)

76,827

 

Non-investment grade

 

30,461

 

 

(1,770

)

28,691

 

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

377,947

 

17,417

 

(89

)

395,275

 

Non-investment grade

 

4,625

 

 

(59

)

4,566

 

Other securities

 

4,509

 

 

 

4,509

 

Total investment securities held-to-maturity

 

$

781,331

 

$

21,576

 

$

(3,178

)

$

799,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

2,214

 

$

1

 

$

 

$

2,215

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

474,896

 

2,311

 

(472

)

476,735

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 

26,107

 

873

 

 

26,980

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

752,671

 

19,705

 

(2

)

772,374

 

Municipal securities

 

17,759

 

193

 

(26

)

17,926

 

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

27,099

 

 

(107

)

26,992

 

Non-investment grade

 

21,329

 

 

(5,795

)

15,534

 

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

102,052

 

2,534

 

(1,308

)

103,278

 

Non-investment grade (1)

 

69,824

 

 

(58,123

)

11,701

 

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities

 

3,041

 

468

 

(221

)

3,288

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale

 

$

1,496,992

 

$

26,085

 

$

(66,054

)

$

1,457,023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total investment securities

 

$

2,278,323

 

$

47,661

 

$

(69,232

)

$

2,256,752

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

Estimated

 

 

 

Cost

 

Gains

 

Losses

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Municipal securities

 

$

5,772

 

$

118

 

$

 

$

5,890

 

Corporate debt securities

 

116,545

 

904

 

(234

)

117,215

 

Total investment securities held-to-maturity

 

$

122,317

 

$

1,022

 

$

(234

)

$

123,105

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

2,505

 

$

8

 

$

 

$

2,513

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

1,020,355

 

4,762

 

(1,183

)

1,023,934

 

U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities

 

373,690

 

6,758

 

(397

)

380,051

 

Other mortgage-backed securities

 

645,940

 

 

(108,614

)

537,326

 

Corporate debt securities (1)

 

116,127

 

266

 

(73,849

)

42,544

 

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities (1)

 

3,340

 

 

(2,156

)

1,184

 

Residual securities

 

25,043

 

25,019

 

 

50,062

 

Other securities (1)

 

2,570

 

10

 

 

2,580

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale

 

$

2,189,570

 

$

36,823

 

$

(186,199

)

$

2,040,194

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total investment securities

 

$

2,311,887

 

$

37,845

 

$

(186,433

)

$

2,163,299

 

 


(1) As of December 31, 2008, the Company recorded an OTTI charge of $13.6 million for corporate debt securities, $55.3 million for U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities, and $4.3 million for other securities. Upon adoption of ASC 320, the Company reclassified the noncredit portion of previously recognized OTTI for pooled trust preferred securities totaling $8.1 million, on a net of tax basis, from the opening balance of retained earnings to other comprehensive income as of March 31, 2009. Additionally, the Company recorded $61.9 million, on a pre-tax basis, of the credit portion of OTTI through earnings and $12.2 million, net of tax, of the non-credit portion of OTTI for pooled trust preferred securities in other comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

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The following table sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost of our investment securities held-to-maturity and fair values of our investment securities available-for-sale, as well as the weighted average yields, and contractual maturity distribution, excluding periodic principal payments, of our investment securities held-to-maturity and available-for-sale portfolio at September 30, 2009.  Securities with no stated maturity dates, such as equity securities, are included in the “indeterminate maturity” category.

 

 

 

 

 

After One

 

After Five

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Within

 

But Within

 

But Within

 

After

 

Indeterminate

 

 

 

 

 

One Year

 

Five Years

 

Ten Years

 

Ten Years

 

Maturity

 

Total

 

 

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Held-to-maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

$

100,000

 

4.38

%

$

25,000

 

4.00

%

 

 

$

127,638

 

5.50

%

 

 

$

252,638

 

4.91

%

Municipal securities

 

3,472

 

4.21

%

15,301

 

5.27

%

14,690

 

6.67

%

2,655

 

7.11

%

 

 

36,118

 

5.87

%

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

 

 

 

 

32,277

 

5.91

%

42,756

 

7.00

%

 

 

75,033

 

6.53

%

Non-investment grade

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30,461

 

10.77

%

 

 

30,461

 

10.77

%

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

114,084

 

6.01

%

258,790

 

5.47

%

5,073

 

4.31

%

 

 

 

 

377,947

 

5.61

%

Non-investment grade

 

 

 

4,625

 

8.11

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,625

 

8.11

%

Other securities

 

2,576

 

0.17

%

1,933

 

0.47

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,509

 

0.30

%

Total investment securities held-to-maturity

 

$

220,132

 

5.17

%

$

305,649

 

5.34

%

$

52,040

 

5.97

%

$

203,510

 

6.63

%

 

 

$

781,331

 

5.67

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

1,204

 

0.31

%

$

1,011

 

0.43

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,215

 

0.37

%

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt securities

 

299,922

 

3.84

%

60,324

 

2.27

%

44,786

 

3.06

%

71,703

 

3.80

%

 

 

476,735

 

3.57

%

U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

2,955

 

6.34

%

7,465

 

5.48

%

16,560

 

5.09

%

 

 

26,980

 

5.33

%

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

1,217

 

 

 

 

39,542

 

4.56

%

731,615

 

5.12

%

 

 

772,374

 

5.10

%

Municipal securities

 

 

 

16,964

 

3.24

%

962

 

5.42

%

 

 

 

 

17,926

 

3.36

%

Other residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

 

 

 

 

9,120

 

4.63

%

17,872

 

4.96

%

 

 

26,992

 

4.85

%

Non-Investment grade

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,534

 

6.37

%

 

 

15,534

 

6.37

%

Corporate debt securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

12,454

 

4.38

%

72,813

 

3.36

%

17,151

 

4.84

%

860

 

1.26

%

 

 

103,278

 

3.68

%

Non-Investment grade

 

1,395

 

3.04

%

 

 

 

 

10,306

 

2.88

%

 

 

11,701

 

2.90

%

U.S. Government sponsored enterprise equity securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,288

 

 

3,288

 

 

Total investment securities available-for-sale

 

$

316,192

 

3.82

%

$

154,067

 

2.96

%

$

119,026

 

4.10

%

$

864,450

 

4.89

%

$

3,288

 

 

$

1,457,023

 

4.39

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total investment securities

 

$

536,324

 

4.37

%

$

459,716

 

4.55

%

$

171,066

 

4.68

%

$

1,067,960

 

5.21

%

$

3,288

 

 

$

2,238,354

 

4.83

%

 

Loans

 

We offer a broad range of products designed to meet the credit needs of our borrowers.  Our lending activities consist of residential single family loans, residential multifamily loans, commercial real estate loans, land loans, construction loans, commercial business loans, trade finance loans, and consumer loans.  Net loans receivable increased $87.5 million, or 1%, to $8.16 billion at September 30, 2009, relative to December 31, 2008.  The increase in net loans receivable at September 30, 2009 is primarily due to the desecuritization of our private-label mortgage backed securities which resulted in a $635.6 million increase in single and multifamily loan receivable with a corresponding decrease in available-for-sale investment securities.  Loan purchases from third parties totaling $350.0 million, comprised of $179.2 million in consumer loans, $76.6 million in single family loans, $76.1 million in commercial real estate loans, and $18.1 million in multifamily loans, also contributed to the increase in net loans receivable during the first nine months of 2009.  These transactions were partially offset by loan sales, payoffs, and higher loan loss provisions recorded during the third quarter of 2009 as a result of the sustained downtown in the real estate market.

 

The following table sets forth the composition of the loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:

 

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September 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential, single family

 

$

912,391

 

10.8

%

$

491,315

 

6.0

%

Residential, multifamily

 

1,036,932

 

12.3

%

677,989

 

8.2

%

Commercial real estate

 

3,624,469

 

43.0

%

3,472,000

 

42.1

%

Land

 

415,228

 

4.9

%

576,564

 

7.0

%

Construction

 

654,115

 

7.8

%

1,260,724

 

15.3

%

Total real estate loans

 

6,643,135

 

78.9

%

6,478,592

 

78.6

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial business

 

1,110,373

 

13.2

%

1,210,260

 

14.6

%

Trade finance

 

233,123

 

2.8

%

343,959

 

4.2

%

Automobile

 

7,365

 

0.1

%

9,870

 

0.1

%

Other consumer

 

425,479

 

5.0

%

206,772

 

2.5

%

Total other loans

 

1,776,340

 

21.1

%

1,770,861

 

21.4

%

Total gross loans

 

8,419,475

 

100.0

%

8,249,453

 

100.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unearned fees, premiums and discounts, net

 

(31,987

)

 

 

(2,049

)

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(230,650

)

 

 

(178,027

)

 

 

Loan receivable, net

 

$

8,156,838

 

 

 

$

8,069,377

 

 

 

 

Nonperforming Assets

 

Nonperforming assets are comprised of nonaccrual loans, accruing loans past due 90 days or more, and other real estate owned, net.  Nonperforming assets totaled $230.2 million, or 1.84% of total assets, at September 30, 2009 and $252.9 million, or 2.04% of total assets, at December 31, 2008.  Nonaccrual loans amounted to $204.4 million at September 30, 2009, compared with $214.6 million at year-end 2008.  During the first nine months of 2009, we took aggressive actions to reduce our exposure to problem assets.  In conjunction with these efforts, we sold $313.3 million in problem loans and $105.5 million in OREO properties during the first nine months of 2009.  These sales of problem assets have resulted in net chargeoffs of $60.1 million and $91.9 million for the third quarter of 2009 and first nine months of 2009, respectively.

 

Approximately 35% of our problem loan sales during the first nine months of 2009 were all–cash transactions.  We also partially financed selected loan sales to unrelated third parties.  Problem loans are sold on a servicing released basis and the shortfall between the loan balance and any new notes is charged off.  A substantial down payment, typically in the range of 25% to 40%, is received from the new borrower purchasing the problem loan.  The underlying sales agreements provide for full recourse to the new borrower and require that periodic updated financial information be provided to demonstrate their ability to service the new loan.  The Company maintains no effective control over the transferred loans.

 

Loans totaling $245.6 million were placed on nonaccrual status during the third quarter of 2009.  As a part of our comprehensive loan review, loans totaling $66.0 million which were not 90 days past due as of September 30, 2009, were classified as nonaccrual loans due to concerns regarding collateral values and future collectibility.  Additions to nonaccrual loans were offset by $53.9 million in net chargeoffs, $65.9 million in payoffs and principal paydowns, $47.7 million in loans that were transferred to other real estate owned and other real estate investments, and $35.8 million in loans brought current.  The additions to nonaccrual loans during the third quarter of 2009 were comprised of $12.2 million in

 

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single family loans, $13.0 million in multifamily loans, $55.4 million in commercial real estate loans, $57.4 million in land loans, $71.0 million in construction loans, $33.9 million in commercial business loans including SBA loans, $2.2 million in trade finance loans, and $498 thousand in automobile and other consumer loans.

 

There was one loan in the amount of $1.6 million that was past due 90 days or more but not on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2009 that was fully guaranteed by the Export-Import Bank of the United States.  All loans that were past due 90 days or more were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2008.

 

We had $116.5 million and $11.0 million in total performing restructured loans as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, that were excluded from nonperforming assets.  As of September 30, 2009, the $116.5 million of restructured loans includes $104.1 million of performing, accrual loans that were structured as A/B notes.  In these A/B notes, the original loan was restructured into two notes where the A note represents the portion of the original loan that that have demonstrated sustained repayment and performance and is expected to be collected in full.  The B note represents the portion of the original loan which was the shortfall in value and was fully charged off.  The A/B notes balance as of September 30, 2009 is comprised of the A note balances.  As of September 30, 2009, restructured loans were comprised of $13.7 million in single family loans, $53.0 million in multifamily loans, $14.9 million in commercial real estate loans, $27.9 million in construction loans, $6.6 million in commercial business loans and $375 thousand in land loans.

 

Other real estate owned includes properties acquired through foreclosure or through full or partial satisfaction of loans.  We had 40 OREO properties as of September 30, 2009 with a combined aggregate carrying value of $24.2 million.  The majority of these properties were related to our construction and land loan portfolios.  Approximately 76% of OREO properties as of September 30, 2009 were located in California and 13% were located in Texas.  As of December 31, 2008, we had 41 OREO properties with an aggregate carrying value of $38.3 million.  During the first nine months of 2009, we foreclosed on 101 properties with an aggregate carrying value of $102.8 million as of the foreclosure date.  During the first nine months of 2009, we sold 110 OREO properties with a total carrying value of $105.5 million resulting in a total combined net loss on sale of $5.0 million and charges against the allowance for loans losses totaling $10.2 million.  As previously mentioned, losses on sale of OREO properties that are sold shortly after they are received in a foreclosure are charged against the allowance for loan losses.  We financed sales of OREO properties totaling $38.6 million during the first nine months of 2009.  During the first nine months of 2008, we sold eleven OREO properties with a combined carrying value of $28.4 million for a total net loss on sale of $302 thousand.

 

The following table sets forth information regarding nonperforming assets and performing restructured loans as of the dates indicated:

 

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September 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonaccrual loans

 

$

204,439

 

$

214,607

 

Loans past due 90 days or more but not on nonaccrual

 

1,556

 

 

Total nonperforming loans

 

205,995

 

214,607

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other real estate owned, net

 

24,185

 

38,302

 

Total nonperforming assets

 

$

230,180

 

$

252,909

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Performing restructured loans

 

$

116,516

 

$

10,992

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total nonperforming assets to total assets

 

1.84

%

2.04

%

Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans

 

111.97

%

82.95

%

 

We evaluate loan impairment in accordance with applicable GAAP principles.  Loans are considered impaired when it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments.  Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, as an expedient, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, less costs to sell.  If the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the deficiency will be charged off against the allowance for loan losses or, alternatively, a specific allocation will be established.  Additionally, loans that are considered impaired are specifically excluded from the quarterly migration analysis when determining the amount of the allowance for loan and lease losses required for the period.

 

At September 30, 2009, our total recorded investment in impaired loans was $232.9 million, compared with $232.1 million at December 31, 2008.  All nonaccrual loans are included in impaired loans.  Impaired loans at September 30, 2009 are comprised of single family loans totaling $6.2 million, multifamily loans totaling $11.9 million, commercial real estate loans totaling $41.4 million, land totaling $57.2 million, construction loans totaling $75.5 million, commercial business loans totaling $34.9 million, trade finance loans amounting to $3.9 million, SBA loans totaling $1.0 million, and automobile and other consumer loans totaling $969 thousand.

 

Specific reserves on impaired loans amounted to $18.8 million and $23.4 million at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.  Our average recorded investment in impaired loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 were $275.3 million and $233.1 million, respectively.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, gross interest income that would have been recorded on impaired loans had they performed in accordance with their original terms, totaled $12.7 million and $12.7 million, respectively.  Of this amount, actual interest recognized on impaired loans, on a cash basis, was $7.5 million and $7.6 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

In light of the credit and mortgage crisis affecting the entire financial industry and its impact on our borrowers, we took a more proactive approach in assessing potential loan impairment in our overall portfolio.  We have expanded our scope to perform focused reviews of certain sectors of our loan portfolio to identify and mitigate potential losses.  Our recent experience made us aware of the rapid deterioration occurring in the market in a relatively short period of time.  Specifically, we have noted that

 

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while our borrowers may continue to pay as agreed in accordance with their contractual terms and/or even though loans may not have reached a significant stage of delinquency, the existence of certain warning signs indicating possible collectibility issues warranted a more careful scrutiny of these loans for potential impairment.  Specifically, we reviewed loans that exhibited the following characteristics:

 

·                  diminishing or adverse changes in cash flows that serve as the principal source of repayment;

·                  adverse changes in the financial position or net worth of guarantors or investors;

·                  adverse changes in collateral values for collateral-dependent loans;

·                  declining or adverse changes in inventory levels securing commercial business and trade finance;

·                  failure in meeting financial covenants; or

·                  other changes or conditions that may adversely impact the ultimate collectibility of loans.

 

Although certain loans are not 90 days or more delinquent and therefore still accruing interest, we have classified them as impaired as of September 30, 2009 because they exhibit one or more of the characteristics described above.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

We are committed to maintaining the allowance for loan losses at a level that is commensurate with estimated and known risks in the loan portfolio.  In addition to regular quarterly reviews of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we perform an ongoing assessment of the risks inherent in the loan portfolio.  While we believe that the allowance for loan losses is adequate at September 30, 2009, future additions to the allowance will be subject to a continuing evaluation of estimated and known, as well as inherent, risks in the loan portfolio.

 

The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses which is charged against current period operating results, and is increased or decreased by the amount of net recoveries or chargeoffs, respectively, during the period.  At September 30, 2009, the allowance for loan losses amounted to $230.7 million, or 2.74% of total loans, compared with $178.0 million, or 2.16% of total loans, at December 31, 2008, and $177.2 million, or 2.14% of total loans, at September 30, 2008.  The $52.6 million increase in the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2009, from year-end 2008, reflects $388.7 million in additional loss provisions and $9.3 million of additional allowance for loan losses resulting from the impact of the desecuritization in May 2009, less $344.7 million in net chargeoffs recorded during the first nine months of 2009.  The allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance-sheet credit exposures, and recourse provisions is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities and amounted to $7.0 million at September 30, 2009, compared to $6.3 million at December 31, 2008.

 

We recorded $159.2 million in loan loss provisions during the third quarter of 2009 and $388.7 million during the first nine months of 2009.  In comparison, we recorded $43.0 million in loan loss provisions during the third quarter of 2008 and $183.0 million during the first nine months of 2008.  The increase in loss provisions recorded during the third quarter of 2009 resulted from our actions to reduce our exposure to problem assets brought on by the sustained downturn in the real estate market and continued instability in the overall economy.  During the third quarter of 2009, we recorded $151.2 million in net chargeoffs representing 7.14% of average loans outstanding during the quarter.  In comparison, we recorded net chargeoffs totaling $39.7 million, or 1.88% of average loans outstanding for the same period in 2008.  Although both the provision for loan losses and chargeoffs may continue to be elevated in the near future, we expect these levels will be lower than the third quarter of 2009.  During the first nine months of 2009, net chargeoffs amounted to $344.7 million, or 5.53% of average loans outstanding during the period.  This compares to net chargeoffs of $99.9 million, or 1.53% of average loans outstanding during the same period in 2008.

 

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The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance balance, beginning of period

 

$

223,700

 

$

168,413

 

$

178,027

 

$

88,407

 

Allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit

 

(1,051

)

5,437

 

(617

)

5,669

 

Provision for loan losses

 

159,244

 

43,000

 

388,666

 

183,000

 

Impact of desecuritization

 

 

 

9,262

 

 

Chargeoffs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single family real estate

 

8,371

 

1,023

 

26,487

 

1,732

 

Multifamily real estate

 

7,235

 

1,006

 

11,333

 

1,442

 

Commercial real estate

 

23,715

 

666

 

39,574

 

666

 

Land

 

40,397

 

21,024

 

86,519

 

42,442

 

Construction

 

56,354

 

16,138

 

134,880

 

40,429

 

Commercial business

 

17,696

 

4,401

 

50,873

 

18,136

 

Automobile

 

6

 

63

 

41

 

226

 

Other consumer

 

109

 

34

 

1,727

 

74

 

Total chargeoffs

 

153,883

 

44,355

 

351,434

 

105,147

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recoveries:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single family real estate

 

337

 

1

 

563

 

3

 

Multifamily real estate

 

4

 

 

222

 

 

Commercial and industrial real estate

 

610

 

3

 

1,207

 

1,905

 

Land

 

409

 

1,896

 

825

 

 

Construction

 

768

 

2,581

 

1,734

 

2,581

 

Commercial business

 

484

 

177

 

2,132

 

714

 

Automobile

 

14

 

2

 

45

 

23

 

Other consumer

 

14

 

 

18

 

 

Total recoveries

 

2,640

 

4,660

 

6,746

 

5,226

 

Net chargeoffs

 

151,243

 

39,695

 

344,688

 

99,921

 

Allowance balance, end of period

 

$

230,650

 

$

177,155

 

$

230,650

 

$

177,155

 

Average loans outstanding

 

$

8,471,766

 

$

8,451,517

 

$

8,305,602

 

$

8,725,596

 

Total gross loans outstanding, end of period

 

$

8,419,475

 

$

8,289,433

 

$

8,419,475

 

$

8,289,433

 

Annualized net chargeoffs to average loans

 

7.14

%

1.88

%

5.53

%

1.53

%

Allowance for loan losses to total gross loans, end of period

 

2.74

%

2.14

%

2.74

%

2.14

%

 

Our methodology to determine the overall appropriateness of the allowance is based on a classification migration model and qualitative considerations.  The technique of migration analysis essentially looks at pools of loans having similar characteristics and analyzes their loss rates over a historical period.  We utilize historical loss factors derived from trends and losses associated with each pool over a specified period of time.  Based on this process, we assign loss factors to each loan grade within each category of loans.  Loss rates derived by the migration model are based predominantly on historical loss trends that may not be indicative of the actual or inherent loss potential for loan categories.  As such, we utilize qualitative and environmental factors as adjusting mechanisms to supplement the historical results of the classification migration model.

 

Qualitative considerations include, but are not limited to, prevailing economic or market conditions, relative risk profiles of various loan segments, the strength or deficiency of the internal control environment, volume concentrations, growth trends, delinquency and nonaccrual status, problem loan trends, and geographic concentrations.  Qualitative and environmental factors are reflected as

 

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percent adjustments and are added to the historical loss rates derived from the classified asset migration model to determine the appropriate allowance amount for each loan category.

 

In consideration of the significant growth and increasing diversity and credit risk profiles of loans in our portfolio over the past several years, our classification migration model utilizes eighteen risk-rated or heterogeneous loan pool categories and three homogeneous loan categories.  The loan sectors included in the heterogeneous loan pools are residential single family, residential multifamily, commercial real estate, construction, commercial business, trade finance, and automobile loans.  With the exception of automobile loans, all other heterogeneous loan categories have been broken down into additional subcategories.  For example, the commercial real estate loan category is further segmented into six subcategories based on industry sector.  These subcategories include retail, office, industrial, land, hotel/motel, and other special purpose or miscellaneous.  By sectionalizing these broad loan categories into smaller subgroups, we are better able to isolate and identify the risks associated with each subgroup based on historical loss trends.

 

In addition to the eighteen heterogeneous loan categories, our classification migration model also utilizes three homogeneous loan categories which encompass predominantly consumer-related credits.  Specifically, these homogeneous loan categories are home equity lines, overdraft protection lines, and credit card loans.

 

The following table reflects management’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category and the ratio of each loan category to total loans as of the dates indicated:

 

 

 

September 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Amount

 

%

 

Amount

 

%

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Residential, single family

 

$

18,672

 

10.8

%

$

6,178

 

5.9

%

Residential, multifamily

 

9,532

 

12.3

%

6,811

 

8.2

%

Commercial real estate

 

47,261

 

43.0

%

19,169

 

42.1

%

Land

 

51,435

 

4.9

%

30,398

 

7.0

%

Construction

 

48,224

 

7.8

%

60,478

 

15.3

%

Commercial business

 

46,849

 

13.2

%

40,843

 

14.7

%

Trade finance

 

7,410

 

2.8

%

12,721

 

4.2

%

Automobile

 

77

 

0.1

%

282

 

0.1

%

Other consumer

 

1,190

 

5.1

%

1,147

 

2.5

%

Total

 

$

230,650

 

100.0

%

$

178,027

 

100.0

%

 

Deposits

 

Deposits increased 6% to $8.67 billion at September 30, 2009, from $8.14 billion at December 31, 2008.  The net increase in deposits primarily came from money market accounts which rose $939.9 million or 71%, and noninterest bearing accounts of $104.2 million or 8%.  These were offset by decreases in time deposits of $502.2 million or 11% and interest-bearing checking accounts of $15.5 million or 4%.

 

Since mid-2008, as a result of the turbulence in the banking sector, we have experienced a heightened interest in deposit products that afford greater deposit insurance coverage to deposit customers.  As of September 30, 2009, time deposits within the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry

 

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Service (“CDARS”) program amounted to $939.3 million, compared with $946.8 million at December 31, 2008.   The CDARS program allows customers with deposits in excess of FDIC-insured limits to obtain full coverage on time deposits through a network of banks within the CDARS program.  Additionally, during the third quarter of 2008, we partnered with another financial institution to implement a new retail sweep product for non-time deposit accounts to provide added deposit insurance coverage for deposits in excess of FDIC-insured limits.  Deposits gathered through these programs are considered brokered deposits under regulatory reporting guidelines.

 

The following table sets forth the composition of the deposit portfolio as of the dates indicated:

 

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-bearing demand

 

$

1,397,217

 

$

1,292,997

 

Interest-bearing checking

 

347,745

 

363,285

 

Money market

 

2,263,319

 

1,323,402

 

Savings

 

420,365

 

420,133

 

Total core deposits

 

4,428,646

 

3,399,817

 

Time deposits:

 

 

 

 

 

Less than $100,000

 

1,062,575

 

1,521,988

 

$100,000 or greater

 

3,177,336

 

3,220,154

 

Total time deposits

 

4,239,911

 

4,742,142

 

Total deposits

 

$

8,668,557

 

$

8,141,959

 

 

Borrowings

 

We utilize a combination of short-term and long-term borrowings to manage our liquidity position.  Federal funds purchased generally mature within one business day to six months from the transaction date.  At September 30, 2009, federal funds purchased decreased to $3.0 million from the $28.0 million balance at December 31, 2008.  FHLB advances decreased 32% to $923.2 million as of September 30, 2009, compared to $1.35 billion at December 31, 2008.  The decrease in federal funds purchased and FHLB advances is consistent with our overall strategy to deleverage our balance sheet.  During the first nine months of 2009, a portion of the proceeds from the maturities and sales of investment securities and redemption of our money-market mutual funds were used to pay down our borrowings.  During the first nine months of 2009, several long-term FHLB advances totaling $430.0 million matured and were paid off.  As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had no overnight FHLB advances.

 

In addition to federal funds purchased and FHLB advances, we also utilize securities sold under repurchase agreements (“repurchase agreements”) to manage our liquidity position.  Repurchase agreements totaled $1.02 billion and $998.4 million as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.  Included in this balance is $24.4 million in overnight repurchase agreements with customers.  The interest rates on these customer repurchase agreements ranged from 0.50% to 0.75% as of September 30, 2009.  All of the other repurchase agreements are long-term with ten year maturity terms.  Repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold.  The collateral for these agreements consist of U.S. Government agency and U.S. Government sponsored enterprise debt and mortgage-backed securities.  All of these repurchase agreements have an original term of ten years.  The rates were generally initially

 

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floating rate for a period of time ranging from six months to three years, with the floating interest rates ranging from the three-month Libor minus 80 basis points to the three-month Libor minus 340 basis points.  With the exception of one repurchase agreement, the rates have been switched to fixed rates for the remainder of the term, with fixed interest rates ranging from 4.29% to 5.13%.  The counterparty has the right to either a one-time call or a quarterly call when the rates change from floating to fixed, for each of the repurchase agreements.

 

Long-term Debt

 

Long-term debt remained at $235.6 million at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.  Long-term debt is comprised of subordinated debt which qualifies as Tier II capital and junior subordinated debt issued in connection with our various trust preferred securities offerings which qualify as Tier I capital for regulatory purposes.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations

 

The following table presents, as of September 30, 2009, the Company’s significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations, within the categories described below, by payment date.  With the exception of operating lease obligations, these contractual obligations are included in the consolidated balance sheets.  The payment amounts represent the amounts and interest contractually due to the recipient.

 

 

 

Payment Due by Period

 

 

 

Less than

 

 

 

 

 

After

 

Indeterminate

 

 

 

Contractual Obligations

 

1 year

 

1-3 years

 

3-5 years

 

5 years

 

Maturity

 

Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deposits

 

$

4,150,354

 

$

114,491

 

$

29,487

 

$

9,790

 

$

4,540,400

 

$

8,844,523

 

Federal funds purchased

 

3,023

 

 

 

 

 

3,023

 

FHLB advances

 

780,087

 

163,540

 

266

 

3,090

 

 

946,984

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

71,862

 

94,823

 

94,823

 

1,079,588

 

 

1,341,095

 

Notes payable

 

 

 

 

 

7,111

 

7,111

 

Long-term debt obligations

 

6,430

 

12,860

 

12,860

 

335,041

 

 

367,190

 

Operating lease obligations

 

11,665

 

21,395

 

14,156

 

20,218

 

 

67,434

 

Unrecognized tax benefits

 

 

 

 

 

7,392

 

7,392

 

Postretirement benefit payments

 

250

 

1,531

 

2,354

 

46,128

 

 

50,263

 

Total contractual obligations

 

$

5,023,671

 

$

408,640

 

$

153,947

 

$

1,493,855

 

$

4,554,903

 

$

11,635,016

 

 

As a financial service provider, we routinely enter into commitments to extend credit to customers, such as loan commitments, commercial letters of credit for foreign and domestic trade, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees.  Many of these commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn upon.  The same credit policies are used in extending these commitments as in extending loan facilities to customers.  A schedule of significant commitments to extend credit to our customers as of September 30, 2009 is as follows:

 

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Commitments

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Undisbursed loan commitments

 

$

1,100,083

 

Standby letters of credit

 

642,452

 

Commercial letters of credit

 

32,290

 

 

Capital Resources

 

At September 30, 2009, stockholders’ equity totaled $1.52 billion, a 2% decrease from the year-end 2008 balance of $1.55 billion.  The decrease is comprised of the following: (1) net loss after extraordinary item of $183.1 million recorded during the first nine months of 2009; (2) a noncredit-related impairment loss on investment securities recorded in the current year of $12.2 million, net of tax; (3) issuance and conversion costs related to preferred and common stock of $5.7 million; (4) tax provision of $498 thousand from various stock plans; (5) purchase of treasury shares related to vested restricted stock amounting to $54 thousand, representing 11,166 shares; and (6) accrual and payment of quarterly cash dividends on common and preferred stock totaling $23.9 million during the first nine months of 2009.  These transactions were offset by: (1) net unrealized gains on investment securities available-for-sale of $53.0 million; (2) reversal of net unrealized losses amounting to $30.6 million as a result of the desecuritization of our private-label mortgage-backed securities; (3) stock compensation costs amounting to $4.4 million related to grants of restricted stock and stock options; (4) issuance of common stock totaling $27.5 million, representing 5,000,000 shares, pursuant to the private placement; (5) issuance of common stock totaling $80.3 million, representing12,650,000 shares, pursuant to a public offering;  (6) issuance of common stock totaling $400 thousand, representing 423,597 shares, pursuant to various stock plans and agreements; and (7) issuance of common stock totaling $219 thousand, pursuant to directors’ retainer fee.

 

Historically, our primary source of capital has been the retention of operating earnings.  In order to ensure adequate levels of capital, we conduct an ongoing assessment of projected sources, needs and uses of capital in conjunction with projected increases in assets and the level of risk.  As part of this ongoing assessment, the Board of Directors reviews the various components of capital and the adequacy of capital.  Although we are not one of the 19 large financial institutions required to conduct a forward-looking capital assessment, or “stress test”, pursuant to the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Assistance Program (“CAP”) the stress assessment requirements under the CAP or similar requirements could be extended or otherwise impact financial institutions beyond the 19 participating institutions, including us.  As a result, we could determine independently, or our regulators could require us, to raise additional capital.

 

Series A Preferred Stock Offering

 

We raised $194.1 million in additional capital, net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses, during April 2008 through the issuance of 200,000 shares of non-cumulative, perpetual convertible preferred stock.  The proceeds from this offering were used to reduce our borrowings, enhance our liquidity position, and boost our already strong capital levels.  For a further discussion on this preferred stock offering, see Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.

 

In July 2009, we completed the exchange of approximately 111 thousand shares of Series A preferred stock for approximately 10 million shares of common stock.  This transaction was accounted for as an induced conversion with the settlement of shares occurring in July 2009, resulting in $107.5 million of additional tangible common equity, net of original stock issuance costs.  For a further

 

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discussion on this exchange, see Notes 9 and 11 to the condensed consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.

 

Series B Preferred Stock Offering

 

On December 5, 2008, we received $306.5 million of additional Tier 1 qualifying capital from the U.S. Treasury through the issuance of 306,546 shares of fixed-rate, cumulative perpetual preferred stock.  The issuance of Series B preferred stock was made in conjunction with the Company’s participation in the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program.  For a further discussion on this preferred stock offering, see Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.

 

Private Sales of Common Stock

 

In July 2009, in private placement transactions, two customers of the Bank purchased 5 million newly issued shares of our common stock at a price of $5.50 per share. We received net proceeds of approximately $26.0 million, net of stock issuance costs, in conjunction with this common stock offering.  We have registered these shares for resale to the public.

 

Public Offering of Common Stock

 

In July 2009, we completed a public offering of 11 million shares of our common stock priced at $6.35.  The underwriter also exercised its option to purchase an additional 1.65 million shares of our common stock.  We received net proceeds of approximately $76.7 million, net of stock issuance costs, in conjunction with this common stock offering.

 

Risk-Based Capital

 

We are committed to maintaining capital at a level sufficient to assure our shareholders, our customers and our regulators that our company and our bank subsidiary are financially sound.  We are subject to risk-based capital regulations and capital adequacy guidelines adopted by the federal banking regulators.  These guidelines are used to evaluate capital adequacy and are based on an institution’s asset risk profile and off-balance sheet exposures.  According to these guidelines, institutions whose Tier I and total capital ratios meet or exceed 6.0% and 10.0%, respectively, may be deemed “well-capitalized.”  At September 30, 2009, the Bank’s Tier I and total capital ratios were 11.9% and 13.9%, respectively, compared to 13.6% and 15.6%, respectively, at December 31, 2008.

 

The following table compares East West Bancorp, Inc.’s and East West Bank’s actual capital ratios at September 30, 2009, to those required by regulatory agencies for capital adequacy and well-capitalized classification purposes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minimum

 

Well

 

 

 

East West

 

East West

 

Regulatory

 

Capitalized

 

 

 

Bancorp

 

Bank

 

Requirements

 

Requirements

 

Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)

 

15.1

%

13.9

%

8.0

%

10.0

%

Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)

 

13.1

%

11.9

%

4.0

%

6.0

%

Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)

 

10.6

%

9.7

%

4.0

%

5.0

%

 

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ASSET LIABILITY AND MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

 

Liquidity

 

Liquidity management involves our ability to meet cash flow requirements arising from fluctuations in deposit levels and demands of daily operations, which include funding of securities purchases, providing for customers’ credit needs and ongoing repayment of borrowings.  Our liquidity is actively managed on a daily basis and reviewed periodically by the Asset/Liability Committee and the Board of Directors.  This process is intended to ensure the maintenance of sufficient funds to meet the needs of the Bank, including adequate cash flow for off-balance sheet instruments.

 

Our primary sources of liquidity are derived from financing activities which include the acceptance of customer and brokered deposits, federal funds facilities, repurchase agreement facilities, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco, and issuances of long-term debt.  These funding sources are augmented by payments of principal and interest on loans, the routine liquidation of securities from the available-for-sale portfolio and securitizations of loans.  In addition, government programs, such as the FDIC’s TLGP, may influence deposit behavior.  Primary uses of funds include withdrawal of and interest payments on deposits, originations and purchases of loans, purchases of investment securities, and payment of operating expenses.

 

During the first nine months of 2009, we experienced net cash inflows from operating activities of $188.3 million, compared to net cash inflows of $144.3 million for the first nine months of 2008.  Net cash inflows from operating activities reflect the $397.9 million and $183.0 million in loan loss provisions recorded during the first nine months of 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

Net cash outflows from investing activities totaled $636.1 million for the first nine months of 2009 compared with net inflows from investing activities of $264.5 million for the first nine months 2008.  Net cash outflows from investing activities for the first nine months of 2009 were due primarily to purchases of interest-bearing deposits, securities purchased under resale agreements, and investment securities.  These factors were partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of investment securities, as well as repayments, maturities and redemptions of investment securities, sale of loans receivable due to the sale of problem assets, and a decrease in loans receivable due to lower loan origination volume during the first nine months of 2009 relative to the first nine months 2008.  Net cash inflows from investing activities for the first nine months of 2008 were due primarily to proceeds from the sale of investment securities and loans, repayments on loans, the early termination of a resale agreement, as well as repayments, maturities and redemptions of investment securities.  These factors were partially offset by purchases of available-for-sale investment securities.

 

We experienced net cash inflows from financing activities of $162.2 million during the first nine months of 2009, primarily due to the net increase in deposits.  As a result of the turbulence in the banking sector, we experienced a notable growth in deposit products that afford greater deposit insurance coverage to deposit customers beginning in the second half of 2008.  We have focused on attracting new customers and growing deposits through both our retail branch and commercial deposit platforms.  We have successfully introduced new core deposit products and increased money market deposits during the first nine months of 2009.  We also received proceeds in the amount of $107.8 million from the issuance of common stock through a public offering and a private placement during July 2009.  Cash from financing activities were partially offset by net decreases in FHLB advances, and dividends paid on our common and preferred stock for the first nine months of 2009.  We experienced net outflows from financing activities of $41.6 for the first nine months of 2008 primarily due to the repayment of federal funds purchased, FHLB advances and dividends paid on our preferred and common stock during the first nine months of 2008.  These factors were partially offset by a net increase in deposits as well as net proceeds received from the issuance of convertible preferred stock.

 

As a means of augmenting our liquidity, we have available a combination of borrowing sources  comprised of the Federal Reserve Bank’s discount window, FHLB advances, federal funds lines with

 

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various correspondent banks, and several master repurchase agreements with major brokerage companies.  As of September 30, 2009, our total borrowing capacity and holdings of cash and due from banks, short-term investments, and interest-bearing deposits in other banks amounted to $3.85 billion, compared to $3.57 billion as of December 31, 2008.  We believe our liquidity sources to be stable and adequate to meet our day-to-day cash flow requirements.

 

Historically, the liquidity of the Company was primarily dependent on the payment of cash dividends by the Bank subject to applicable statutes and regulations.  The amount of dividends that the Bank can pay to the Bancorp is restricted by earnings, retained earnings, and risk-based capital requirements.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, total dividends paid by the Bank to the Company amounted to $25.4 million and $23.1 million, respectively.   This was partially offset by the reductions in quarterly common stock dividends to $0.01 per share and $0.02 per share during the second and first quarter of 2009, respectively, from $0.10 per share during the first half of 2008.  The increase in dividend payments for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 reflects the additional dividends paid by the Bank to allow the Company to, in turn, make the dividend payments on the Series A and B preferred stock issued in April 2008 and December 2008, respectively.  Our liquidity was strengthened through the issuance of over $100 million raised from the private and public sale of common stock.

 

On October 19, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the declaration of fourth quarter 2009 dividends on our Series A preferred stock and on our common shares.  Additionally, our Board of Directors also approved the payment of fourth quarter dividends on our Series B preferred stock payable on November 15, 2009.  The quarterly dividend rate is $0.01 per share on our common stock payable on or about November 24, 2009 to shareholders of record as of November 10, 2009.  Future dividend payments from Bank to the Company and to our common and preferred shareholders will continue to be reviewed quarterly in light of the business conditions we are operating in, and considering current and projected earnings and desired capital levels.

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity Management

 

Our success is largely dependent upon our ability to manage interest rate risk, which is the impact of adverse fluctuations in interest rates on our net interest income and net portfolio value.  Although in the normal course of business we manage other risks, such as credit and liquidity risk, we consider interest rate risk to be among the more significant market risks and could potentially have material effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

The fundamental objective of the asset liability management process is to manage our exposure to interest rate fluctuations while maintaining adequate levels of liquidity and capital.  Our strategy is formulated by the Asset Liability Committee, which coordinates with the Board of Directors to monitor our overall asset and liability composition.  The Committee meets regularly to evaluate, among other things, the sensitivity of our assets and liabilities to interest rate changes, the book and market values of assets and liabilities, unrealized gains and losses on the available-for-sale portfolio (including those attributable to hedging transactions, if any), purchase and securitization activity, and maturities of investments and borrowings.

 

Our overall strategy is to minimize the adverse impact of immediate incremental changes in market interest rates (rate shock) on net interest income and net portfolio value.  Net portfolio value is defined as the present value of assets, minus the present value of liabilities.  The attainment of this goal requires a balance between profitability, liquidity and interest rate risk exposure.  To minimize the adverse impact of changes in market interest rates, we simulate the effect of instantaneous interest rate changes on net interest income and net portfolio value on a quarterly basis.  The table below shows the

 

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estimated impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income and market value of equity as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, assuming a non-parallel shift of 100 and 200 basis points in both directions:

 

 

 

Net Interest Income

 

Net Portfolio Value

 

 

 

Volatility (1)

 

Volatility (2)

 

Change in Interest Rates

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

(Basis Points)

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

+200

 

4.3

%

11.6

%

(4.2

)%

8.8

%

+100

 

1.6

%

5.4

%

(2.5

)%

4.4

%

-100

 

1.7

%

(1.6

)%

3.1

%

(4.5

)%

-200

 

3.0

%

(1.4

)%

7.5

%

(9.7

)%

 


(1)   The percentage change represents net interest income for twelve months in a stable interest rate environment versus net interest income in the various rate scenarios.

 

(2)   The percentage change represents net portfolio value of the Bank in a stable interest rate environment versus net portfolio value in the various rate scenarios.

 

All interest-earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities and related derivative contracts are included in the interest rate sensitivity analysis at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.  As of September 30, 2009, 64% of our total loan portfolio has interest rate floors.  In a declining rate environment, the interest rate floors on these loans contribute to the favorable impact on our net interest income.  However, in a rising rate environment, these interest rate floors also serve to lessen the full benefit of higher interest rates.  At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, our estimated changes in net interest income and net portfolio value were within the ranges established by the Board of Directors.

 

Our primary analytical tool to gauge interest rate sensitivity is a simulation model used by many major banks and bank regulators, and is based on the actual maturity and repricing characteristics of interest-rate sensitive assets and liabilities.  The model attempts to predict changes in the yields earned on assets and the rates paid on liabilities in relation to changes in market interest rates.  As an enhancement to the primary simulation model, prepayment assumptions and market rates of interest provided by independent broker/dealer quotations, an independent pricing model and other available public sources are incorporated into the model.  Adjustments are made to reflect the shift in the Treasury and other appropriate yield curves.  The model also factors in projections of anticipated activity levels by product line and takes into account our increased ability to control rates offered on deposit products in comparison to our ability to control rates on adjustable-rate loans tied to the published indices.

 

The following table provides the outstanding principal balances and the weighted average interest rates of our financial instruments as of September 30, 2009.  The information presented below is based on the repricing date for variable rate instruments and the expected maturity date for fixed rate instruments.

 

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Fair Value at

 

 

 

Expected Maturity or Repricing Date by Year

 

 

 

September 30,

 

 

 

Year 1

 

Year 2

 

Year 3

 

Year 4

 

Year 5

 

Thereafter

 

Total

 

2009

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

 

$

310,182

 

$

10,428

 

 

 

 

 

$

250

 

 

 

$

320,860

 

$

320,865

 

average yield (fixed rate)

 

0.81

%

2.15

%

 

 

 

 

4.00

%

 

 

0.86

%

 

 

Short-term investments

 

$

460,665

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

460,665

 

$

460,665

 

Weighted average rate

 

0.32

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.32

%

 

 

Securities purchased under resale agreements

 

$

50,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

25,000

 

$

75,000

 

$

86,292

 

Weighted average rate

 

10.45

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.05

%

9.32

%

 

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity (fixed rate)

 

$

109,096

 

$

51,816

 

$

48,629

 

$

129,704

 

$

47,071

 

$

104,485

 

$

490,801

 

$

506,909

 

Weighted average rate

 

6.17

%

5.78

%

6.01

%

5.40

%

5.57

%

5.30

%

5.67

%

 

 

Investment securities held-to-maturity (variable rate)

 

$

128,080

 

$

55,687

 

$

100,780

 

$

4,594

 

$

1,389

 

 

 

$

290,530

 

$

292,820

 

Weighted average rate

 

1.94

%

4.17

%

4.42

%

5.11

%

5.29

%

 

 

3.29

%

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale (fixed rate)

 

$

186,367

 

$

98,089

 

$

151,187

 

$

89,636

 

$

137,753

 

$

171,507

 

$

834,539

 

$

844,485

 

Weighted average rate

 

5.96

%

5.83

%

4.40

%

4.55

%

3.93

%

5.16

%

5.01

%

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale (variable rate) (1)

 

$

359,180

 

$

205,604

 

$

45,934

 

$

36,505

 

$

14,862

 

$

369

 

$

662,454

 

$

612,538

 

Weighted average rate

 

4.00

%

4.22

%

5.47

%

4.52

%

4.44

%

4.73

%

4.21

%

 

 

Total gross loans

 

$

6,663,039

 

$

942,210

 

$

331,116

 

$

185,744

 

$

109,617

 

$

187,749

 

$

8,419,475

 

$

8,064,302

 

Weighted average rate

 

5.31

%

6.59

%

6.75

%

6.69

%

6.17

%

4.64

%

5.54

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Checking accounts

 

$

347,745

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

347,745

 

$

284,730

 

Weighted average rate

 

0.33

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.33

%

 

 

Money market accounts

 

$

2,263,319

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,263,319

 

$

2,182,162

 

Weighted average rate

 

1.17

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.17

%

 

 

Savings deposits

 

$

420,365

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

420,365

 

$

348,368

 

Weighted average rate

 

0.48

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.48

%

 

 

Time deposits

 

$

4,107,241

 

$

98,673

 

$

9,349

 

$

24,004

 

$

589

 

$

55

 

$

4,239,911

 

$

4,248,498

 

Weighted average rate

 

1.56

%

2.39

%

4.55

%

4.02

%

2.36

%

1.98

%

1.60

%

 

 

Federal funds purchased

 

$

3,022

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

3,022

 

$

3,022

 

Weighted average rate

 

1.35

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.35

%

 

 

FHLB advances (term)

 

$

760,216

 

$

155,000

 

$

5,000

 

 

 

 

 

$

3,000

 

$

923,216

 

$

943,118

 

Weighted average rate

 

4.03

%

4.59

%

4.46

%

 

 

 

 

4.44

%

4.13

%

 

 

Customer repurchase agreements

 

$

24,450

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

24,450

 

$

24,450

 

Weighted average rate

 

0.52

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.52

%

 

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements (fixed rate)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

945,000

 

$

945,000

 

$

1,186,700

 

Weighted average rate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.80

%

4.80

%

 

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements (variable rate)

 

$

50,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

50,000

 

$

53,657

 

Weighted average rate

 

4.15

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.15

%

 

 

Subordinated debt

 

$

75,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

75,000

 

$

44,831

 

Weighted average rate

 

1.60

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.60

%

 

 

Junior subordinated debt (fixed rate)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

21,392

 

$

21,392

 

$

18,512

 

Weighted average rate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.91

%

10.91

%

 

 

Junior subordinated debt (variable rate)

 

$

139,178

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

139,178

 

$

26,629

 

Weighted average rate

 

2.08

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.08

%

 

 

 


(1) Includes hybrid securities that have fixed interest rates for the first three or five years.  Thereafter, interest rates become adjustable based on a predetermined index.

 

Expected maturities of assets are contractual maturities adjusted for projected payment based on contractual amortization and unscheduled prepayments of principal as well as repricing frequency.  Expected maturities for deposits are based on contractual maturities adjusted for projected rollover rates for deposits with no stated maturity dates.  We utilize assumptions supported by documented analyses for the expected maturities of our loans and repricing of our deposits.  We also use prepayment projections for amortizing securities.  The actual maturities of these instruments could vary significantly if future prepayments and repricing frequencies differ from our expectations based on historical experience.

 

The fair values of interest-bearing deposits in other banks are based on the discounted cash flow approach.  The discount rate is derived from the Bank’s time deposit rate curve.  The fair values of short-

 

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term investments generally approximate their book values due to their short maturities.  For securities purchased under resale agreements, fair values are calculated by discounting future cash flows based on expected maturities or repricing dates utilizing estimated market discount rates and taking into consideration the call features of each instrument.  The fair values of the investment securities are generally determined by reference to the average of at least two quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers or prices obtained from independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities.  In obtaining such valuation information from third parties, the Company has reviewed the methodologies used to develop the resulting fair values.  For the private-label mortgage-backed security, the fair value was derived based on a combination of broker prices and discounted cash flow analyses that is weighted as deemed appropriate.  For the pooled trust preferred securities, the fair value was derived based on a discounted cash flow analyses.  The discount rate is derived from assumptions using an exit pricing approach related to the implied rate of return which have been adjusted for general change in market rates, estimated changes in credit quality and liquidity risk premium, and specific non-performance and default experience in the collateral underlying the securities.

 

The fair value of deposits is determined based on the discounted cash flow approach.  The discount rate is derived from the associated yield curve, plus spread, if any.  For core deposits, the cash outflows are projected by the decay rate based on the Bank’s core deposit premium study.  Cash flows for all non-time deposits are discounted using the LIBOR yield curve.  For time deposits, the cash flows are based on the contractual runoff and are discounted by the Bank’s current offering rates, plus spread.  For federal funds purchased, fair value approximates book value due to their short maturities.  The fair value of FHLB term advances is estimated by discounting the cash flows through maturity or the next repricing date based on current rates offered by the FHLB for borrowings with similar maturities.  Customer repurchase agreements, which have maturities ranging from one to three days, are presumed to have equal book and fair values because the interests rates paid on these instruments are based on prevailing market rates.  The fair values of securities sold under repurchase agreements are calculated by discounting future cash flows based on expected maturities or repricing dates, utilizing estimated market discount rates and taking into consideration the call features of each instrument.  For both subordinated and junior subordinated debt instruments, fair values are estimated by discounting cash flows through maturity based on current market rates the Bank would pay for new issuances.

 

The Asset/Liability Committee is authorized to utilize a wide variety of off-balance sheet financial techniques to assist in the management of interest rate risk.  We may elect to use derivative financial instruments as part of our asset and liability management strategy, with the overall goal of minimizing the impact of interest rate fluctuations on our net interest margin and stockholders’ equity.  Currently, derivative instruments do not have a material impact on our operating results or financial position.

 

In August and November 2004, we entered into four equity swap agreements with a major investment brokerage firm to hedge against market fluctuations in a promotional equity index certificate of deposit product that we offered to Bank customers for a limited time during the latter half of 2004.  This product, which has a term of 5 1/2 years, pays interest based on the performance of the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, or the “HSCEI”.  As of September 30, 2009, the combined notional amounts of the equity swap agreements totaled $15.6 million with termination dates similar to the stated maturity dates on the underlying certificate of deposit host contracts.  For the equity swap agreements, we agreed to pay interest based on the one-month Libor minus a spread on a monthly basis and receive any increase in the HSCEI at swap termination date.  Under ASC 815 (previously SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities), a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in an equity index is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative (i.e., equity call option) that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e., the certificate of deposit).  Both the embedded equity call options on the certificates of deposit and the freestanding equity swap agreements

 

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are marked-to-market every month with resulting changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

On April 1, 2005, we amended the four equity swap agreements entered into in 2004 effectively removing the swap payable leg.  The amendments to the swap agreements changed the terms of the agreements such that instead of paying interest based on the one-month Libor minus a spread on a monthly basis for the remaining terms of the agreements, we prepaid this amount based on the current market value of the cash streams.  The total amount paid in conjunction with these swap agreement amendments was $4.2 million on April 1, 2005.

 

In December 2007, we entered into two additional equity swap agreements with a major investment brokerage firm to hedge against market fluctuations in a promotional equity index certificate of deposit product offered to bank customers.  This product, which has a term of 5 years, also pays interest based on the performance of the HSCEI similar to the previous index certificate offering in 2004.  As of September 30, 2009, the combined notional amounts of these new equity swap agreements totaled $23.3 million and have termination dates similar to the stated maturities of the underlying certificate of deposit host contracts.  On December 3, 2007, we prepaid $4.5 million for the option cost based on the current market value of the cash streams.

 

The fair values of the equity swap agreements and embedded derivative liabilities for these six derivative contracts amounted to $13.7 million as of September 30, 2009, compared to $13.9 million as of December 31, 2008.

 

The embedded derivative liabilities are included in interest-bearing deposits and the equity swap agreements are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.  The fair value of the derivative contracts is determined based on the change in value of the HSCEI and the volatility of the call option over the life of the individual swap agreement.  The option value is derived based on the volatility, the interest rate and the time remaining to maturity of the call option.  We also considered the counterparty’s as well as our own credit risk in determining the valuation.

 

ITEM 3:  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES OF MARKET RISKS

 

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding market risks in our portfolio, see, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Asset Liability and Market Risk Management.”

 

ITEM 4:  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

As of September 30, 2009, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e).  Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of September 30, 2009.

 

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.  Our disclosure

 

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controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Internal Controls

 

During our most recent fiscal quarter, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

Neither the Company nor the Bank is involved in any material legal proceedings.  The Bank, from time to time, is party to litigation which arises in the ordinary course of business, such as claims to enforce liens, claims involving the origination and servicing of loans, and other issues related to the business of the Bank.  After taking into consideration information furnished by counsel to the Company and the Bank, management believes that the resolution of such issues would not have a material adverse impact on the financial position, results of operations, or liquidity of the Company or the Bank.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

 

The Company’s 2008 Form 10-K contains disclosure regarding the risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s business under the heading “Item A. Risk Factors.”  The information presented below updates and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors and information disclosed in the 2008 Form 10-K.  Other than as set forth below, there are no material changes to our risk factors as presented in the Company’s Form 10-K.

 

We may engage in FDIC-assisted transactions, which could present additional risks to our businessWe may have opportunities to acquire the assets and liabilities of failed banks in FDIC-assisted transactions.  Although these transactions typically provide for FDIC assistance to an acquirer to mitigate certain risks, such as sharing exposure to loan losses and providing indemnification against certain liabilities of the failed institution, we would still be subject to many of the same risks we would face in acquiring another bank in negotiated transactions, including risks associated with maintaining customer relationships and failure to realize the anticipated acquisition benefits in the amounts and within the timeframes we expect.  In addition, because these acquisitions are structured in a manner that would not allow us the time and access to information normally associated with preparing for and evaluating a negotiated acquisition, we may face additional risk in FDIC-assisted transactions, including additional strain on management resources, management of problem loans, problems related to integration of personnel and operating systems and impact to our capital resources requiring us to raise additional capital.  We cannot assure you that we will be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with FDIC-assisted transactions.  Our inability to overcome these risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and net income.

 

If the Bank continues to incur losses that erode its capital, it may need more capital and become subject to enhanced regulation or supervisory action.  If economic conditions continue to deteriorate, particularly in the California commercial real estate and residential building markets where our business is concentrated, we may need to raise additional capital to support any additional provisions for loan losses and loan chargeoffs.  We cannot provide assurance that we would succeed in raising any such additional capital, and any capital we obtain may dilute the interests of holders of our common stock, or otherwise have an adverse effect on their investment.

 

Under federal and state laws and regulations pertaining to the safety and soundness of insured depository institutions, the DFI and the Federal Reserve, and separately the FDIC as insurer of the Bank’s deposits, have authority to compel or restrict certain actions if the Bank’s capital should fall below adequate capital standards as a result of future operating losses, or if its bank regulators determine that it has insufficient capital.  Among other matters, the corrective actions include but are not limited to requiring affirmative action to correct any conditions resulting from any violation or practice; directing an increase in capital and the maintenance of specific minimum capital ratios; restricting the Bank’s operations; limiting the rate of interest it may pay on brokered deposits; restricting the amount of

 

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distributions and dividends and payment of interest on its trust preferred securities; requiring the Bank to enter into informal or formal enforcement orders, including memoranda of understanding, written agreements and consent or cease and desist orders to take corrective action and enjoin unsafe and unsound practices; removing officers and directors and assessing civil monetary penalties; and taking possession and closing and liquidating the Bank.  See Supervision and Regulation in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Our ability to pay dividends is limited by various statutes and regulations and depends primarily on East West Bank’s ability to distribute funds to us, which is also limited by various statutes and regulations.  Our ability to pay dividends may be limited because we are a holding company and, as such, do not have any significant operations or assets other than our ownership of the shares of our operating subsidiaries.  The principal source of funds from which we service our debt and pay our obligations and dividends is the receipt of dividends from the Bank.  The availability of dividends from the Bank is limited by various statutes and regulations.  It is possible, depending upon the financial condition of the Bank and other supervisory factors, that the DFI, FDIC or Federal Reserve could restrict or prohibit the Bank from paying dividends to us. In this regard, and as a result of the losses we reported for the year ended December 31, 2008, we are required, under the Federal Reserve’s November 14, 1985 Policy Statement on the Payment of Cash Dividends relating to when earnings are at a loss, to obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve before we receive or the Bank pays dividends to us.  In the event that the Bank is unable to pay dividends to us, we may not be able to service our debt, pay our obligations or pay dividends on our outstanding equity securities or debt securities, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.  In addition, our ability to pay dividends is limited by various statutes and regulations.  As a result of losses we reported for the year ended December 31, 2008, we will continue to seek the prior approval of the Federal Reserve prior to declaring or paying any dividends on our outstanding equity securities.

 

If we were to undergo an “ownership change” for tax purposes, our ability to use certain tax benefits would be limited.  If we were to undergo an “ownership change” for tax purposes, our ability to deduct then existing net operating loss carryforwards would be limited.  In addition, our ability to claim certain subsequent deductions could be limited if we had a “net unrealized built-in loss” at the time of the ownership change.  The rules for determining when a company has an ownership change and the subsequent calculation of applicable limitations are highly complex. If we were to undergo an ownership change, limitations on our ability to use our tax benefits could have a materially adverse effect on us.

 

Our outstanding debt securities restrict our ability to pay dividends on our capital stock.  We expect to seek the prior approval of the Federal Reserve prior to paying any interest on our junior subordinated decurities (which will be used to make distributions on our Trust Preferred Securities).  If we are unable to make payments on any of our junior subordinated securities for more than 20 consecutive quarters, we would be in default under the governing agreements for such securities and the amounts due under such agreements would be immediately due and payable.  Additionally, if for any interest payment period we do not pay interest in respect of the junior subordinated securities (which will be used to make distributions on the Trust Preferred Securities), or if for any interest payment period we do not pay interest in respect of our subordinated debt, or if any other event of default occurs, then we generally will be prohibited from declaring or paying any dividends or other distributions, or redeeming, purchasing or acquiring, any of our capital securities, including our Common Stock, during the next succeeding interest payment period applicable to any of the Junior Subordinated Securities, or next succeeding interest payment period applicable to the Subordinated Securities, as the case may be.

 

Moreover, any other financing agreements that we enter into in the future may limit our ability to pay cash dividends on our capital stock, including our Common Stock.  In the event that our existing or future financing agreements restrict our ability to pay dividends in cash on our Common Stock, we may be unable to pay dividends in cash on our Common Stock unless we can refinance amounts outstanding under those agreements.

 

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ITEM 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Except as previously disclosed on Reports on Form 8-K, there were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the quarter ended September 30, 2009. The following summarizes share repurchase activities during the third quarter of 2009:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Number

 

Approximate Dollar

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

of Shares

 

Value in Millions of Shares

 

 

 

Number

 

Average

 

Purchased as

 

that May Yet Be

 

 

 

of Shares

 

Price Paid

 

Part of Publicly

 

Purchased Under

 

Month Ended

 

Purchased (1)

 

per Share

 

Announced Programs

 

the Programs (2)

 

July 31, 2009

 

 

$

 

 

$

26.2

 

August 31, 2009

 

 

 

 

26.2

 

September 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

26.2

 

Total

 

 

$

 

 

$

26.2

 

 


(1)          Excludes 71,744 in repurchased shares totaling $1.5 million due to forfeitures and vesting of restricted stock awards pursuant to the Company’s 1998 Stock Incentive Plan.

 

(2)          During the first quarter of 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors announced a repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to $80.0 million of its common stock.  This repurchase program has no expiration date and, to date, 1,392,176 shares totaling $53.8 million have been purchased under this program.

 

ITEM 3.  DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS

 

(i) Exhibit 31.1

Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

(ii) Exhibit 31.2

Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

(iii) Exhibit 32.1

Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to

 

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Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

(iv) Exhibit 32.2

Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

All other material referenced in this report which is required to be filed as an exhibit hereto has previously been submitted.

 

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SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Dated: November 3, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas J. Tolda

 

THOMAS J. TOLDA

 

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 

85