Element Solutions Inc - Quarter Report: 2023 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_______________

FORM 10-Q

_______________

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-36272

Element Solutions Inc

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

37-1744899

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

500 East Broward Boulevard, Suite 1860

33394

Fort Lauderdale,

Florida

(Zip Code)

(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (561) 207-9600

_______________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	ESI	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of shares of common stock outstanding at October 19, 2023: 241,516,314

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page

	Glossary of Defined Terms	i
	Forward-Looking Statements	ii
	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	ii

Part I.	Financial Information

Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
	Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
	Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	2
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
	September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
	Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	5
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	30
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	30

Part II.	Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	31
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	31
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	31
Item 5.	Other Information	31
Item 6.	Exhibits	32

Signatures		33

GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS


Terms						Definitions
Element Solutions; We; Us; Our; the Company						Element Solutions Inc, a Delaware corporation, and where the context requires, its subsidiaries or operating businesses.


Credit Agreement						Credit Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2019, as amended from time to time, among, inter alia, Element Solutions and MacDermid, Incorporated, as borrowers, certain subsidiaries of Element Solutions and the lenders from time to time parties thereto.
EBITDA						Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
Exchange Act						Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
GAAP						U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
HSO						HSO Herbert Schmidt GmbH & Co. KG, Dipl.-Ing. W. Schmidt GmbH and HSO Hong Kong Holding Limited and its subsidiary.
HSO Acquisition						Acquisition of HSO on January 26, 2022.
Kuprion Acquisition						Acquisition of Kuprion, Inc. on May 19, 2023.
Quarterly Report						This quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
RSUs						Restricted stock units issued by Element Solutions from time to time under its Amended and Restated 2013 Incentive Compensation Plan.
SEC						Securities and Exchange Commission.
ViaForm Distribution Rights						The rights to sell the Company's ViaForm® electrochemical deposition products in certain markets directly to customers.
WACC						Weighted average cost of capital
2022 Annual Report						Element Solutions' annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 22, 2023.
3.875% USD Notes due 2028						Element Solutions' $800 million aggregate principal amount of 3.875% senior notes due 2028, denominated in U.S. dollars, issued on August 18, 2020.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements that can be identified by words such as "expect," "anticipate," "project," "will," "should," "believe," "intend," "plan," "assume," "estimate," "predict," "seek," "continue," "outlook," "may," "might," "aim," "can have," "likely," "potential," "target," "hope," "goal," "priority" or "confident" and variations of such words and similar expressions. Many of the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements, beliefs, projections and expectations regarding the continuing economic impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) and its variants on the global economy, our business, financial results, customers, suppliers, vendors and/or stock price, including the impact of related governmental responses; the efficacy of vaccines and treatments targeting COVID-19 and its variants; secular trends and expected growth of our businesses; the expected benefits of the reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights and the Kuprion Acquisition; deferred payments related to the ViaForm Distribution Rights and the Kuprion Acquisition; the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the evolving nature of the conflicts in the Middle East as well as actions in response thereto and their impact on market conditions and the global economy; capital requirements and need for and availability of financing; probability of achievement of the performance target related to certain performance-based RSUs; the impact of new accounting standards and accounting changes; share repurchases; our dividend policy and dividend declarations; our hedging activities; timing and outcome of environmental and legal matters; tax planning strategies and assessments; the impact of tax law changes; impairments, including those on goodwill and other intangible assets; price volatility and cost environment; inflation and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates; our liquidity, cash flows and capital allocation; funding sources; capital expenditures; debt and debt leverage ratio; pension plan contributions; contractual obligations; general views about future operating results; expected returns to stockholders; risk management programs; future prospects; and other events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future.

Although we believe these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions regarding our business and expectations about future events, financial performance and trends, there can be no assurance that our actual results will not differ materially from any results expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our 2022 Annual Report. In addition, as we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, new risks may emerge from time to time. Any forward-looking statement included in this Quarterly Report is based only on information currently available and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Please consult any further disclosures on related subjects in our SEC filings.

The invasion of Ukraine by Russia in early 2022 and the sanctions and other measures being imposed in response to this conflict have increased the level of economic and political uncertainty. While none of Russia, Ukraine or Belarus constitutes a material portion of our business and we do not have physical assets in these countries, a significant escalation or expansion of economic disruption or the conflict's current scope could disrupt the global supply chain and increase our costs as well as amplify certain risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our 2022 Annual Report.

In addition, while progress has been made to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, it remains a global challenge. The long-term impact of the pandemic will depend on numerous and evolving factors that remain highly uncertain, vary by market and cannot be quantified at this time, such as the scope, severity and duration of the pandemic.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Quarterly Report contains non-GAAP financial measures, such as operating results on a constant currency and organic basis and Adjusted EBITDA. Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, a substitute for, or superior to, performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. For additional information on these non-GAAP financial measures, including definitions, limitations and reconciliations to their most comparable applicable GAAP measures, see "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" in the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section in Part I, Item 2, and Note 12, Segment Information, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, both included in this Quarterly Report.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net sales	$	599.3	$	618.5	$	1,759.8	$	1,975.6
Cost of sales	357.4		396.6		1,061.6		1,240.9
Gross profit	241.9		221.9		698.2		734.7
Operating expenses:
Selling, technical, general and administrative	149.9		131.4		445.8		431.3
Research and development	12.9		11.3		54.3		38.2
Goodwill impairment	80.0		—		80.0		—
Total operating expenses	242.8		142.7		580.1		469.5
Operating (loss) profit	(0.9)		79.2		118.1		265.2
Other (expense) income:
Interest expense, net	(13.3)		(12.3)		(37.0)		(39.6)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain	(5.3)		0.9		8.6		2.9
Other income, net	3.1		2.0		1.8		5.2
Total other expense	(15.5)		(9.4)		(26.6)		(31.5)
(Loss) income before income taxes and non-controlling interests	(16.4)		69.8		91.5		233.7
Income tax expense	(15.3)		(16.5)		(53.4)		(60.4)
Net (loss) income from continuing operations	(31.7)		53.3		38.1		173.3
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	—		—		2.9		1.8
Net (loss) income	(31.7)		53.3		41.0		175.1
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests	(0.1)		(0.1)		—		(0.6)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(31.8)	$	53.2	$	41.0	$	174.5

(Loss) earnings per share
Basic from continuing operations	$	(0.13)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.70
Basic from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		0.01
Basic attributable to common stockholders	$	(0.13)	$	0.22	$	0.17	$	0.71

Diluted from continuing operations	$	(0.13)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.70
Diluted from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		0.01
Diluted attributable to common stockholders	$	(0.13)	$	0.22	$	0.17	$	0.71

Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic	241.5		244.7		241.4		246.4
Diluted	241.5		245.0		241.8		247.2

See accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net (loss) income	$	(31.7)	$	53.3	$	41.0	$	175.1

Other comprehensive loss
Foreign currency translation:
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax expense of $0.6 and $5.4 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 and $0.6 and $7.8 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively	(21.8)		(107.4)		(80.4)		(233.8)

Total foreign currency translation adjustments	(21.8)		(107.4)		(80.4)		(233.8)




Available-for-sale debt securities:
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax expense of $0.0 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively	—		—		(1.0)		—

Total unrealized loss on available-for-sale debt securities	—		—		(1.0)		—
Derivative financial instruments:
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax (benefit) expense of $(0.7)and $4.3 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 and $(1.6) and $16.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively	7.3		15.1		20.5		43.7
Reclassifications, net of tax expense of $0.0 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 and $0.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively	(10.8)		(0.9)		(28.6)		6.9
Total unrealized (loss) gain on qualified hedging derivatives	(3.5)		14.2		(8.1)		50.6
Other comprehensive loss	(25.3)		(93.2)		(89.5)		(183.2)
Comprehensive loss	(57.0)		(39.9)		(48.5)		(8.1)
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests	—		0.1		0.5		1.6
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(57.0)	$	(39.8)	$	(48.0)	$	(6.5)

See accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Assets
Cash & cash equivalents	$	329.6	$	265.6
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $14.0 and $14.4 at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	449.5		455.8
Inventories	322.8		290.7
Prepaid expenses	31.3		38.5
Other current assets	166.3		138.1

Total current assets	1,299.5		1,188.7
Property, plant and equipment, net	279.2		277.2
Goodwill	2,281.5		2,412.8
Intangible assets, net	889.6		805.5
Deferred income tax assets	49.8		51.5
Other assets	169.2		168.0

Total assets	$	4,968.8	$	4,903.7
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Accounts payable	$	143.8	$	132.2
Current installments of long-term debt	11.5		11.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	221.4		200.7

Total current liabilities	376.7		344.4
Debt	2,027.8		1,883.8
Pension and post-retirement benefits	34.6		36.7
Deferred income tax liabilities	104.4		121.2
Other liabilities	179.1		168.5

Total liabilities	2,722.6		2,554.6
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders' equity

Common stock: 400.0 shares authorized (2023: 266.2 shares issued; 2022: 265.1 shares issued)	2.7		2.7
Additional paid-in capital	4,197.7		4,185.9
Treasury stock (2023: 24.6 shares; 2022: 24.3 shares)	(341.9)		(334.2)
Accumulated deficit	(1,241.2)		(1,223.8)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(387.1)		(298.1)
Total stockholders' equity	2,230.2		2,332.5
Non-controlling interests	16.0		16.6
Total equity	2,246.2		2,349.1
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	4,968.8	$	4,903.7

See accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	41.0	$	175.1
Net income from discontinued operations, net of tax	2.9		1.8
Net income from continuing operations	38.1		173.3
Reconciliations of net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	124.7		122.0
Deferred income taxes	(8.1)		3.9
Foreign exchange gain	(10.5)		(1.0)
Incentive stock compensation	10.6		12.8
Goodwill impairment	80.0		—
Other, net	25.8		10.7
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	(6.6)		(23.3)
Inventories	(37.2)		(63.1)
Accounts payable	13.3		32.1
Accrued expenses	(8.0)		(47.9)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3.4		(22.0)
Other assets and liabilities	(3.7)		(2.1)
Net cash flows provided by operating activities	221.8		195.4
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(36.3)		(32.8)
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment	1.4		3.4
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(188.6)		(22.6)
Other, net	(2.7)		(9.9)
Net cash flows used in investing activities	(226.2)		(61.9)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Debt proceeds	150.0		—
Repayments of borrowings	(8.6)		(11.9)

Repurchases of common stock	—		(113.5)
Dividends	(58.1)		(59.2)
Payment of financing fees	(1.0)		—
Other, net	(7.7)		(27.0)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities	74.6		(211.6)

Net cash flows provided by operating activities of discontinued operations	2.9		1.8



Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(9.1)		(19.8)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	64.0		(96.1)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	265.6		330.1
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	329.6	$	234.0

See accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions, except share amounts)


Three Months Ended September 30, 2023	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Stockholders' Equity		Non- controlling Interests		Total Equity
	Shares	Amount				Shares	Amount
Balance at June 30, 2023	266,130,782	$	2.7	$	4,194.4	24,641,709	$	(341.8)	$	(1,189.9)	$	(361.9)	$	2,303.5	$	16.2	$	2,319.7
Net (loss) income	—	—		—		—	—		(31.8)		—		(31.8)		0.1		(31.7)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—	—		—		—	—		—		(25.2)		(25.2)		(0.1)		(25.3)
Exercise/ vesting of stock-based compensation	10,107	—		—		3,046	(0.1)		—		—		(0.1)		—		(0.1)
Issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	20,180	—		0.3		—	—		—		—		0.3		—		0.3

Dividends ($0.08 per share)	—	—		—		—	—		(19.5)		—		(19.5)		—		(19.5)
Equity compensation expense	—	—		3.0		—	—		—		—		3.0		—		3.0
Changes in non-controlling interests	—	—		—		—	—		—		—		—		(0.2)		(0.2)
Balance at September 30, 2023	266,161,069	$	2.7	$	4,197.7	24,644,755	$	(341.9)	$	(1,241.2)	$	(387.1)	$	2,230.2	$	16.0	$	2,246.2


Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Stockholders' Equity		Non- controlling Interests		Total Equity
	Shares	Amount				Shares	Amount
Balance at June 30, 2022	265,013,065	$	2.7	$	4,176.4	19,221,388	$	(244.9)	$	(1,250.6)	$	(285.4)	$	2,398.2	$	17.0	$	2,415.2
Net income	—	—		—		—	—		53.2		—		53.2		0.1		53.3
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—	—		—		—	—		—		(93.0)		(93.0)		(0.2)		(93.2)
Exercise/ vesting of stock-based compensation	851	—		—		266	—		—		—		—		—		—
Issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	21,610	—		0.3		—	—		—		—		0.3		—		0.3
Repurchases of common stock	—	—		—		3,018,851	(54.8)		—		—		(54.8)		—		(54.8)
Dividends ($0.08 per share)	—	—		—		—	—		(19.7)		—		(19.7)		—		(19.7)
Equity compensation expense	—	—		4.1		—	—		—		—		4.1		—		4.1
Changes in non-controlling interests	—	—		(0.2)		—	—		—		—		(0.2)		(0.3)		(0.5)
Balance at September 30, 2022	265,035,526	$	2.7	$	4,180.6	22,240,505	$	(299.7)	$	(1,217.1)	$	(378.4)	$	2,288.1	$	16.6	$	2,304.7

See accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions, except share amounts)


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Stockholders' Equity		Non- controlling Interests		Total Equity
	Shares	Amount				Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2022	265,062,533	$	2.7	$	4,185.9	24,272,748	$	(334.2)	$	(1,223.8)	$	(298.1)	$	2,332.5	$	16.6	$	2,349.1
Net income	—	—		—		—	—		41.0		—		41.0		—		41.0
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—	—		—		—	—		—		(89.0)		(89.0)		(0.5)		(89.5)
Exercise/ vesting of stock-based compensation	1,038,192	—		—		372,007	(7.7)		—		—		(7.7)		—		(7.7)
Issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	60,344	—		1.0		—	—		—		—		1.0		—		1.0

Dividends ($0.24 per share)	—	—		—		—	—		(58.4)		—		(58.4)		—		(58.4)
Equity compensation expense	—	—		10.8		—	—		—		—		10.8		—		10.8
Changes in non-controlling interests	—	—		—		—	—		—		—		—		(0.1)		(0.1)
Balance at September 30, 2023	266,161,069	$	2.7	$	4,197.7	24,644,755	$	(341.9)	$	(1,241.2)	$	(387.1)	$	2,230.2	$	16.0	$	2,246.2


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Stockholders' Equity		Non- controlling Interests		Total Equity
	Shares	Amount				Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2021	261,937,509	$	2.6	$	4,166.6	15,195,525	$	(159.2)	$	(1,331.9)	$	(197.4)	$	2,480.7	$	20.1	$	2,500.8
Net income	—	—		—		—	—		174.5		—		174.5		0.6		175.1
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—	—		—		—	—		—		(181.0)		(181.0)		(2.2)		(183.2)
Exercise/ vesting of stock-based compensation	3,040,841	0.1		—		1,033,035	(24.0)		—		—		(23.9)		—		(23.9)
Issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	57,176	—		1.0		—	—		—		—		1.0		—		1.0
Repurchases of common stock	—	—		—		6,011,945	(116.5)		—		—		(116.5)		—		(116.5)
Dividends ($0.24 per share)	—	—		—		—	—		(59.7)		—		(59.7)		—		(59.7)
Equity compensation expense	—	—		13.1		—	—		—		—		13.1		—		13.1
Changes in non-controlling interests	—	—		(0.1)		—	—		—		—		(0.1)		(1.9)		(2.0)
Balance at September 30, 2022	265,035,526	$	2.7	$	4,180.6	22,240,505	$	(299.7)	$	(1,217.1)	$	(378.4)	$	2,288.1	$	16.6	$	2,304.7

See accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. BACKGROUND AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Background

Element Solutions was incorporated in Delaware in January 2014 and its shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “ESI.”

Element Solutions is a leading global specialty chemicals company whose businesses supply a broad range of solutions that enhance the performance of products people use every day. Developed in multi-step technological processes, these innovative solutions enable customers' manufacturing processes in several key industries, including consumer electronics, power electronics, semiconductor fabrication, communications and data storage infrastructure, automotive systems, industrial surface finishing, consumer packaging and offshore energy. Element Solutions' businesses provide products that, in substantially all cases, are consumed by customers as part of their production process, providing the Company with reliable and recurring revenue streams as the products are replenished in order to continue production. Element Solutions delivers its products to customers through its sales and service workforce, regional distributors and manufacturing representatives.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of Element Solutions and all of its controlled subsidiaries. The Company consolidates the income, expenses, assets, liabilities and cash flows of its subsidiaries from the date it acquires control or becomes the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

In preparing the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP, management uses estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period. Management applies judgment based on its understanding and analysis of the relevant circumstances, including historical experience and future expectations. These judgments, by their nature, are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty and, accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates and assumptions.

These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments that are normal, recurring and necessary for a fair statement of the Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows for interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023. These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in its 2022 Annual Report.

In the first quarter of 2023, the Company transferred operational responsibility of its Films business from its Graphics Solutions business within its Industrial & Specialty segment to its Circuitry Solutions business in its Electronics segment. The financial results of this business are not material to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the Company transferred certain product lines between its Assembly Solutions business and its Semiconductor Solutions business, both of which are part of its Electronics segment, to align more closely with its current business structure. Historical information has been reclassified to reflect these changes for all periods presented in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report.

Certain prior year amounts have also been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

2. ACQUISITIONS

ViaForm Distribution Rights

On June 1, 2023, the Company terminated a long-standing distribution agreement related to its ViaForm® electrochemical deposition products for $200 million, including $170 million paid at closing and a deferred payment of $30.0 million which remains contingent upon satisfaction of certain conditions during the applicable transition period. Following the transition period, the Company expects to manage all aspects of the ViaForm® product line in-house, which it believes will result in a more efficient supply chain and improved customer outcomes for leading semiconductor fabricators. This deferred payment is expected to be paid in the fourth quarter of 2023 and, as such, is included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities." The transaction did not meet the accounting definition of a business which precluded any goodwill from being recognized and allowed the Company to capitalize $0.5 million of transaction costs. The financial results of this transaction are included in the Company's Semiconductor Solutions business within its Electronics segment.

In connection with the transaction, the Company recognized a reacquired distribution right intangible asset of $187 million, which will be amortized over 15 years, and a receivable of $13.5 million which will be settled in inventory and cash at the conclusion of the transition period and is included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as "Other current assets." The amount paid, including future consideration, is deductible for tax purposes.

Kuprion Acquisition

On May 19, 2023, the Company completed the Kuprion Acquisition for $15.9 million, net of cash, with potential additional payments in various installments, which are not to exceed $259 million in aggregate, to be made upon the achievement of certain milestones associated with product qualification and revenue through December 31, 2030. The Company acquired Kuprion, Inc. to complement its next-generation nano-copper technology to the semiconductor, circuit board and electronics assembly markets. As the acquisition did not meet the accounting definition of a business and the technology acquired is still in development with no alternative future use, $15.7 million was expensed to research and development in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Any potential earn-out payments to be paid based on milestones will be recognized when probable and estimable and either expensed as additional research and development expense, if the technology did not yet meet the accounting definition of an asset, or capitalized as a developed technology intangible asset. The Company does not expect payments associated with the contingent consideration to be material for the remainder of 2023. Kuprion, Inc. is included in the Company's Semiconductor Solutions business within its Electronics segment. The amount paid, including future consideration, is not deductible for tax purposes.

3. INVENTORIES

The major components of inventory, on a net basis, were as follows:


(dollars in millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Finished goods	$	192.7	$	164.4
Work in process	36.5		25.9
Raw materials and supplies	93.6		100.4
Total inventories	$	322.8	$	290.7

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

The major components of property, plant and equipment were as follows:


(dollars in millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land and leasehold improvements	$	50.1	$	52.0
Buildings and improvements	165.9		163.9
Machinery, equipment, fixtures and software	315.7		299.8
Construction in process	55.0		50.3
Total property, plant and equipment	586.7		566.0
Accumulated depreciation	(307.5)		(288.8)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	279.2	$	277.2

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded depreciation expense of $11.8 million and $10.6 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded depreciation expense of $31.4 million and $31.5 million, respectively.

5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment were as follows:


(dollars in millions)	Electronics		Industrial & Specialty			Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	1,304.0	$	1,108.8	(1)	$	2,412.8
Transfer of Films business (2)	7.9		(7.9)			—
Goodwill impairment	—		(80.0)			(80.0)
Foreign currency translation and other	(43.2)		(8.1)			(51.3)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	1,268.7	$	1,012.8		$	2,281.5

(1) Includes accumulated impairment losses of $46.6 million.

(2) Goodwill was reallocated using a relative fair value approach and assessed for impairment both before and after the allocation. See Note 1, Background and Basis of Presentation, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level in the fourth quarter of each year or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. During the third quarter of 2023, given the lower-than-expected results of the Graphics Solutions reporting unit, the Company determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of this reporting unit was less than its carrying value. As a result, the Company conducted an interim goodwill impairment test using the same quantitative methodologies used for its 2022 annual goodwill impairment test (as described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements to the 2022 Annual Report). This quantitative test confirmed that goodwill was impaired and the Company recorded an $80.0 million impairment charge in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations to reduce the carrying value of this reporting unit to its estimated fair value. This impairment charge was primarily driven by the reduction of the expected long-term cash flows for the business due to profit margin pressures from raw material inflation across the packaging supply chain, the recent loss of a significant newspaper customer, and a higher WACC as compared to the assumptions used for the 2022 annual goodwill impairment test.

As of September 30, 2023, following the impairment, the goodwill assigned to the Graphics Solutions reporting unit was approximately $129 million. After recording the impairment, its carrying value was equal to its estimated fair value.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Intangible Assets

The major components of intangible assets were as follows:


	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
(dollars in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value
Customer relationships	$	952.2	$	(478.1)	$	474.1	$	967.5	$	(434.1)	$	533.4
Developed technology	398.8		(299.5)		99.3		408.9		(277.0)		131.9
Trade names	93.6		(28.5)		65.1		96.0		(23.8)		72.2
Reacquired distribution rights	187.0		(4.2)		182.8		—		—		—
Other	0.6		(0.3)		0.3		—		—		—
Indefinite-lived trade name	68.0		—		68.0		68.0		—		68.0
Total	$	1,700.2	$	(810.6)	$	889.6	$	1,540.4	$	(734.9)	$	805.5

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded amortization expense on intangible assets of $32.7 million and $29.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded amortization expense on intangible assets of $93.3 million and $90.5 million, respectively.

6. DEBT

The Company’s debt obligations consisted of the following:


(dollars in millions)	Maturity Date	Interest Rate	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loans A (1)	2026	SOFR plus 1.75%	$	149.2	$	—
Term Loans B (1)	2026	SOFR plus 2.00%	1,098.2		1,104.5
Senior Notes - $800 million (2)	2028	3.875%	791.9		790.8



Total debt			2,039.3		1,895.3
Less: current installments of long-term debt			11.5		11.5
Total long-term debt			$	2,027.8	$	1,883.8

(1) Term loans, net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs of $8.0 million and $9.5 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The effective interest rate was 2.8% and 1.6% at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, including the effects of interest rate swaps and net investment hedges. See Note 7, Financial Instruments, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding the Company's interest rate swaps and net investment hedges.

(2) Senior notes, net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $8.1 million and $9.2 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The effective interest rate was 4.1% at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Credit Agreement

On June 1, 2023, the Company amended its Credit Agreement and borrowed U.S. dollar denominated term loans A in an aggregate principal amount of $150 million under an incremental term loan facility. The new term loans A have identical terms as the term loans B, including a maturity date of January 2026, except for a first lien net leverage ratio covenant, their SOFR spread adjustment and the lack of required quarterly principal payments. Proceeds of the transaction were used to finance a portion of the reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights.

Guarantees, Covenants and Events of Default

The obligations of the borrowers (the Company and its subsidiary, MacDermid, Incorporated) under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain of their domestic subsidiaries and secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of their assets and the assets of the guarantors, including mortgages on material real property, subject to certain exceptions.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on additional indebtedness, dividends, and other distributions, entry into new lines of business, use of loan proceeds, capital expenditures, restricted payments, restrictions on liens on the assets of the borrowers or any guarantor, transactions with affiliates, amendments to organizational documents, accounting changes, sale and leaseback transactions and dispositions. Subject to certain exceptions, the borrowers are required to maintain a first lien net leverage ratio not to exceed 5.0 to 1.0 under the term loan A facility and any borrowings under the revolving credit facility in an aggregate amount greater than 30% of the commitment amount, subject to a right to cure.

The Credit Agreement requires the borrowers to make mandatory prepayments of borrowings, subject to certain exceptions, as described in the Credit Agreement. In addition, the Credit Agreement contains customary events of default that include, among others, non-payment of principal, interest or fees, violation of covenants, inaccuracy of representations and warranties, failure to make payment on, or defaults with respect to, certain other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency events, material judgments and change of control provisions. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, and after the expiration of any applicable grace period, payment of any outstanding loans under the Credit Agreement may be accelerated and the lenders could foreclose on their security interests in the assets of the borrowers and the guarantors.

At September 30, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the debt covenants contained in the Credit Agreement and had full availability of its unused borrowing capacity of $369 million, net of letters of credit, under the revolving credit facility. The Company is required to pay a commitment fee on any undrawn portion of the revolving credit facility which is not material.

Senior Notes

3.875% USD Notes due 2028

The indenture governing the 3.875% USD Notes due 2028 provides for, among other things, customary affirmative and negative covenants, events of default and other customary provisions. The notes accrue interest at a rate of 3.875% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears, on March 1 and September 1 of each year, and will mature on September 1, 2028, unless earlier repurchased or redeemed. Pursuant to the indenture, the Company has the option to redeem the 3.875% USD Notes due 2028 prior to their maturity, subject to, in certain cases, the payment of an applicable make-whole premium, or to repurchase them by any means other than a redemption, including by tender offer, open market purchases or negotiated transactions. The 3.875% USD Notes due 2028 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by generally all of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries that guarantee the obligations of the borrowers under the Credit Agreement.

Lines of Credit and Other Debt Facilities

The Company has access to various revolving lines of credit, short-term debt facilities and overdraft facilities worldwide which are used to fund short-term cash needs. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $0.3 million and no amounts outstanding under such facilities, respectively. The Company had letters of credit outstanding of $5.9 million and $6.0 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, of which $5.9 million and $6.0 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, reduced the borrowings available under the various facilities. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the availability under these facilities totaled approximately $392 million and $391 million, respectively, net of outstanding letters of credit.

7. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Derivatives and Hedging

In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to risks relating to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps, net investment hedges, foreign currency exchange forward contracts and commodities derivative contracts are used to manage the risks associated with changes in the conditions of those markets. All derivatives are recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative agreements are primarily major international financial institutions. The Company continually monitors its derivative positions and the credit ratings of its counterparties and does not anticipate nonperformance on their part.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Interest Rate and Cross-Currency Swaps

The Company uses interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps to reduce its exposure to interest rate risk and foreign currency risk. The Company has designated its interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges and its cross-currency swaps as net investment hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a portion of its net investment in certain euro functional subsidiaries. These swaps, as amended from time to time, effectively convert the Company's term loans under the Credit Agreement, which are U.S. dollar denominated debt obligations, into fixed-rate euro-denominated debt through their respective expiration dates.

In June 2023, the Company entered into interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps to effectively convert the $150 million of incremental term loans A from U.S. dollar denominated debt obligations into fixed-rate euro-denominated debt through January 2026.

In March 2023, the Company terminated and replaced $360 million of its interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps with swaps that mature in January 2026; which date is concurrent with the maturity date of the Company's term loans to which they relate. The fair value of the interest rate swaps on the date of termination was $6.8 million and the amount recorded in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" is being amortized as a reduction to "Interest expense, net" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations from March 2023 through January 2024. The fair value in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" for the terminated cross-currency swaps will remain until the hedged net investment is sold or liquidated.

The total notional value of the interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps held at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was approximately $1.26 billion and $1.11 billion, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, $357 million in notional value matures in January 2024, $391 million in January 2025 and $507 million in January 2026.

The proceeds from these contracts are reflected as "Cash flows from operating activities" in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps are recorded in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" and reclassified to "Interest expense, net" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as the underlying hedged item affects earnings. Changes in the fair value of cross-currency swaps are recorded in "Foreign currency translation" in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss."

The net result of these hedges, excluding the reduction to interest expense from the terminated interest rate swaps discussed above, is an interest rate of approximately 2.8% at September 30, 2023, which could vary in the future due to changes in the euro and the U.S. dollar exchange rate. The fair value of the interest rate swaps was a net asset of $40.5 million and $47.3 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The fair value of the cross-currency swaps was a net asset of $73.1 million and $70.4 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, these interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps were deemed highly effective. The Company expects to reclassify a $30.5 million benefit from "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" to "Interest expense, net" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations within the next twelve months.

Foreign Currency

The Company conducts a significant portion of its business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and certain subsidiaries conduct business in currencies other than their functional currency, which is typically their local currency. As a result, the Company’s operating results are impacted by foreign currency exchange rate volatility.

At September 30, 2023, the Company held foreign currency forward contracts to purchase and sell various currencies to mitigate foreign currency exposure primarily with the U.S. dollar, euro and British pound. The Company has not designated any foreign currency exchange forward contracts as eligible for hedge accounting and, as a result, changes in the fair value of foreign currency forward contracts are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as "Other income, net." The total notional value of foreign currency exchange forward contracts held at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was approximately $88.7 million and $105 million, respectively, with settlement dates generally within one year. The fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts was an $0.4 million net current asset and a $0.3 million net current liability at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Commodities

As part of its risk management policy, the Company enters into commodity derivative contracts for the purpose of mitigating its exposure to fluctuations in prices of certain metals used in the production of its finished goods. The Company held derivative contracts to purchase and sell various metals, primarily tin and silver, for a notional amount of $57.3 million and $45.7 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The fair value of the metals derivative contracts was a net current asset of $3.4 million and a net current liability of $2.5 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all contracts outstanding at September 30, 2023 have delivery dates within one year. The Company has not designated these derivatives as hedging instruments and, accordingly, records changes in their fair values in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as "Other income, net."

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts are accounted for in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as "Operating activities".

Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


(dollars in millions)	Balance sheet location	Classification	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Asset Category
Foreign exchange contracts	Other current assets	Level 2	$	0.6	$	0.2
Metals contracts	Other current assets	Level 2	3.8		2.5
Interest rate swaps	Other current assets	Level 2	30.5		32.7
Cross-currency swaps	Other current assets	Level 2	38.7		26.1

Interest rate swaps	Other assets	Level 2	10.0		14.6
Cross-currency swaps	Other assets	Level 2	36.0		44.3

Available-for-sale debt securities	Other assets	Level 3	14.1		11.5
Total			$	133.7	$	131.9

Liability Category
Foreign exchange contracts	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Level 2	$	0.2	$	0.5
Metals contracts	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Level 2	0.4		5.0




Cross-currency swaps	Other liabilities	Level 2	1.6		—

Total			$	2.2	$	5.5

The fair values of Level 1 and Level 2 derivative assets and liabilities are determined using pricing models based upon observable market inputs, such as market spot and futures prices on over-the-counter derivative instruments, market interest rates and consideration of counterparty credit risk. Level 3 investments are valued using a probability weighted methodology based on possible outcomes of potential liquidity events. Significant assumptions include the enterprise valuation, the timing and type of liquidation events and the risk-free interest rate.

There were no significant transfers of financial instruments between the fair value hierarchy levels for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt totaled $2.04 billion and $1.95 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2023. At December 31, 2022, the carrying value and estimated fair value totaled $1.90 billion and $1.80 billion, respectively. The carrying values noted above include unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs. The estimated fair value of long-term debt is measured using quoted market prices for similar instruments at the reporting date multiplied by the gross carrying amount of the related debt, which excludes unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs. Such instruments are valued using Level 2 inputs.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurement

As a result of the goodwill impairment test conducted in the third quarter 2023, the Industrial & Specialty segment recorded an impairment charge of $80.0 million to reduce the carrying value of the Graphics Solutions reporting unit to its estimated fair value. This measurement was performed on a non-recurring basis as of August 31, 2023 using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). See Note 5, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

8. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of shares of the Company's common stock and potential common stock outstanding during the period. Potential common stock, for purposes of determining diluted earnings per share, assumes the issuance of all potentially dilutive share equivalents using the treasury stock method.

A computation of earnings per share and weighted average shares of the Company's common stock outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net (loss) income from continuing operations	$	(31.7)	$	53.3	$	38.1	$	173.3
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests	(0.1)		(0.1)		—		(0.6)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(31.8)	$	53.2	$	38.1	$	172.7






Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	241.5		244.7		241.4		246.4
Denominator adjustments for diluted EPS:



Number of stock options and RSUs			0.3		0.4		0.8
Denominator adjustments for diluted EPS	—		0.3		0.4		0.8
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	241.5		245.0		241.8		247.2

(Loss) earnings per share from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders:
Basic	$	(0.13)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.70
Diluted	$	(0.13)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.70

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the following securities were not included in the computation of diluted shares outstanding because either the effect would be anti-dilutive or the applicable performance targets were not yet met for awards contingent upon such measures:


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
(shares in millions)	2023	2022	2023	2022


Shares issuable upon vesting of RSUs and exercise of stock options	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.6

9. CONTINGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGAL MATTERS

Environmental Matters

The Company is involved in various claims relating to environmental matters at current and former plants and waste management sites. At certain of these sites, the Company engages or participates in remedial and other environmental compliance activities. At other sites, the Company has been named as a potential responsible party pursuant to the federal Superfund Act and/or state Superfund laws comparable to the federal law for site remediation. After analyzing each individual site, considering the number of parties involved, the level of its potential liability or contribution relating to the other parties, the

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

nature and magnitude of the hazardous waste involved, the method and extent of remediation, the potential insurance coverage, the estimated legal and consulting expense with respect to each site and the time period over which any costs would likely be incurred, the Company estimates the clean-up costs and related claims for each site. The estimates are based in part on discussions with other potential responsible parties, governmental agencies and engineering firms.

The Company accrues for environmental matters when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated based on current laws and existing technologies. The accruals are adjusted periodically as assessment and remediation efforts progress or as additional technical or legal information becomes available. The Company's environmental liabilities, which are included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" and "Other liabilities," totaled $11.3 million and $11.6 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, primarily driven by environmental remediation, clean-up costs and monitoring of sites that were either closed or disposed of in prior years. While uncertainty exists with respect to the amount and timing of its ultimate environmental liabilities, the Company does not currently anticipate any material losses in excess of the amount recorded. However, new information about the sites, such as results of investigations, could make it necessary for the Company to reassess its potential exposure related to these environmental matters.

As of the date hereof, the Company believes it is not practicable to provide an estimated range of reasonably possible environmental losses in excess of its recorded liabilities, and, as a result, the Company is unable to ascertain the ultimate aggregate amount of monetary liability or financial impact that may be associated with these matters.

Legal Matters

From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings, investigations and/or claims in the normal course of its business. Although it cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of these matters, which involve judgments that are inherently subjective, the Company believes that their resolutions, to the extent not covered by insurance, will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

10. INCOME TAXES

The Company's quarterly income tax provision is measured using an estimate of its consolidated annual effective tax rate, which includes the impact of foreign withholding tax accruals and uncertain tax positions, adjusted for discrete items, within the periods presented. The comparison of the Company's income tax provision between periods can be significantly impacted by the level and mix of earnings and losses by tax jurisdiction and discrete items.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized income tax expense of $15.3 million, as compared to $16.5 million in the same period for 2022. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized income tax expense of $53.4 million, as compared to $60.4 million in the same period for 2022. Income tax expense includes a U.S. tax benefit provided with respect to foreign earnings and the impact of changes to the level and mix of earnings, offset by an increase in foreign withholding tax accruals for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was adversely impacted by expenses, which will not be able to be deducted on the Company's 2023 tax return but which reduced the Company's pre-tax income, including a goodwill impairment of $80.0 million in the third quarter of 2023 and the recognition of $15.7 million of research and development costs associated with the Kuprion acquisition in the second quarter of 2023; both of which did not impact expenses in the prior year period.

11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company is party to an Advisory Services Agreement with Mariposa Capital, LLC, an affiliate of one of its founder directors, whereby Mariposa Capital, LLC is entitled to receive an annual fee of $3.0 million and reimbursement for expenses. This agreement is automatically renewed for successive one-year terms unless either party notifies the other in writing of its intention not to renew no later than 90 days prior to the expiration of the applicable term. Amounts paid under this agreement are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as "Selling, technical, general and administrative" expense.

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

12. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company's operations are organized into two reportable segments: Electronics and Industrial & Specialty. These segments represent businesses for which separate financial information is utilized by the chief operating decision maker (or CODM) for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating performance. See Note 1, Background and Basis of Presentation, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information about the transfer of the Company's Films business and other transfers of product lines that occurred in the first quarter of 2023.

The Company allocates resources and evaluates the performance of its operating segments based primarily on net sales and Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA for each segment is defined as EBITDA, as further adjusted for additional items included in earnings which the Company believes are not representative or indicative of each of its segments' ongoing business or are considered to be associated with the Company's capital structure. Adjusted EBITDA for each segment also includes an allocation of corporate costs, such as compensation expense and professional fees.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes financial information regarding each reportable segment’s results of operations, including disaggregated external net sales by product category:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net sales:
Electronics
Assembly Solutions	$	191.2	$	192.5	$	548.7	$	645.5
Circuitry Solutions	109.1		126.5		318.8		399.7
Semiconductor Solutions	66.7		70.4		194.9		226.6
Total Electronics	367.0		389.4		1,062.4		1,271.8
Industrial & Specialty
Industrial Solutions	177.7		176.8		534.2		549.2
Graphics Solutions	35.9		36.1		107.5		106.3
Energy Solutions	18.7		16.2		55.7		48.3
Total Industrial & Specialty	232.3		229.1		697.4		703.8
Total net sales	$	599.3	$	618.5	$	1,759.8	$	1,975.6

Adjusted EBITDA:
Electronics	$	90.4	$	90.9	$	239.4	$	293.0
Industrial & Specialty	43.7		42.6		123.1		125.7
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	134.1	$	133.5	$	362.5	$	418.7

ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table reconciles "Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders" to Adjusted EBITDA:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(31.8)	$	53.2	$	41.0	$	174.5
Add (subtract):
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests	0.1		0.1		—		0.6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	—		—		(2.9)		(1.8)
Income tax expense	15.3		16.5		53.4		60.4
Interest expense, net	13.3		12.3		37.0		39.6
Depreciation expense	11.8		10.6		31.4		31.5
Amortization expense	32.7		29.2		93.3		90.5
EBITDA	41.4		121.9		253.2		395.3
Adjustments to reconcile to Adjusted EBITDA:
Inventory step-up	—		—		—		0.5
Restructuring expense	2.1		2.9		6.3		6.1
Acquisition and integration expense	5.0		2.2		13.3		6.2
Foreign exchange loss (gain) on intercompany loans	6.5		2.5		(7.6)		3.2
Goodwill impairment	80.0		—		80.0		—
Kuprion Acquisition research and development charge	—		—		15.7		—
Adjustment of stock compensation previously not probable	—		—		—		1.3

Other, net	(0.9)		4.0		1.6		6.1
Adjusted EBITDA	$	134.1	$	133.5	$	362.5	$	418.7

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report, and the Consolidated Financial Statements, related notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section and other disclosures contained in our 2022 Annual Report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including, but not limited to, those discussed in "Forward-Looking Statements” of this Quarterly Report, and in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of our 2022 Annual Report.

Overview

Our Business

Element Solutions, incorporated in Delaware in January 2014, is a leading global specialty chemicals company whose businesses supply a broad range of solutions that enhance the performance of products people use every day. Developed in multi-step technological processes, these innovative solutions enable customers' manufacturing processes in several key industries, including consumer electronics, power electronics, semiconductor fabrication, communications and data storage infrastructure, automotive systems, industrial surface finishing, consumer packaging and offshore energy. Our product innovation and product extensions are expected to continue to drive sales growth in both new and existing markets while expanding margins through a consistent focus on increasing customer value propositions.

We believe the majority of our businesses hold strong positions in the high-growth markets we serve. Our extensive global teams of specially trained scientists and engineers develop our products, and our expert sales and service organizations ensure our customers' needs are met every day. Our continuous focus on customer-centric innovation serves as a catalyst to drive changes to existing formulations and opportunities in adjacent markets within our industry. We believe that our customers place significant value on the consistency and quality of our brands, on which we capitalize through significant market share, customer loyalty and supply chain access. In addition, operational risks and switching costs make it difficult for our customers to change suppliers which allows us to retain customers and maintain our market positions.

Our customers use our innovation as a competitive advantage, relying on us to help them navigate through fast-paced, high-growth markets. To that end, we draw upon our broad and longstanding intellectual property portfolio and technical expertise, while working closely with both customers and original equipment manufacturers on an ongoing basis to develop proprietary solutions tailored to their manufacturing needs. We leverage these close relationships to win qualifications and specifications into their supply chains as well as to identify opportunities for new products; all of which provide potential additional revenue streams.

Our strategy is based on a balance of operational excellence and prudent capital allocation. Our operating teams focus on the strong execution of customer-led product development, superior technical sales support and continuous supply chain optimization. Our senior leadership aims to foster an environment of accountability and success for our operating teams while also evaluating and executing on high-return capital allocation opportunities that can drive improvements in long-term shareholder value.

Our Operations

Our operations are organized into two segments: Electronics and Industrial & Specialty, which are each described below:

Electronics – Our Electronics segment researches, formulates and sells specialty chemicals and material process technologies for all types of electronics hardware, from complex printed circuit board designs to advanced semiconductor packaging. In mobile communications, computers, automobiles and aerospace equipment, its products are an integral part of the electronics manufacturing process and the functionality of end-products. The segment's "wet chemistries" for metallization, surface treatments and solderable finishes form the physical circuitry pathways and its "assembly materials," such as solders, pastes, fluxes and adhesives, join those pathways together.

Electronics provides solutions through the following businesses:


Assembly Solutions						As a global supplier of surface mount technologies ("SMT"), fluxes, thermal management materials, coatings, resins, cleaners and other attachment materials for the electronics assembly industry, we develop innovative materials that join electronic circuits in high volume device manufacturing. Our high-performing interconnect materials are used to assemble consumer electronics from circuit boards, discrete electronic components, connectors and integrated circuit substrates. We believe our growth in this business will be driven by the increasing use of electronics in consumer, automotive, telecommunications, memory, medical, aerospace and other markets.
Circuitry Solutions						As a global supplier of chemical formulations to the electronics industry, we design and manufacture proprietary liquid chemical processes and materials used by our customers to manufacture printed circuit boards and memory storage devices. Our product portfolio is focused on specialized consumable chemical processes and materials, such as surface treatments, circuit formation, primary metallization, electroplate, surface finishes and flexible/formable films. We believe our growth in this business will be driven by demand in wireless mobile devices, internet infrastructure computers, and the increasing use of electronics in automobiles.
Semiconductor Solutions						As a global supplier to the semiconductor industry, we provide advanced copper interconnects, die attachment, sintered silver material, adhesives, wafer bump processes and photomask technologies to our customers for integrated circuit fabrication and semiconductor packaging. We believe our growth in this business will be driven by advanced electronics packaging, necessary to meet the growing needs of high performance computing, the internet of things, 5G communications and the increasing content and complexity of electronics in automotive applications.

Industrial & Specialty – Our Industrial & Specialty segment researches, formulates and sells specialty chemicals and process technologies that enhance surfaces or improve industrial processes in diverse industrial sectors from automotive trim to transcontinental infrastructure and from high-speed printing to high-design faucets. Its products include chemical systems that protect and decorate metal and plastic surfaces; consumable chemicals that enable printing image transfer on flexible packaging materials; and chemistries used in water-based hydraulic control fluids in offshore energy production. These fully consumable products are used in the aerospace, automotive, construction, consumer electronics, consumer packaged goods and oil and gas production end-markets.

Industrial & Specialty provides solutions through the following businesses:


Industrial Solutions						As a global supplier of industrial metal and plastic finishing chemistries, we primarily design and manufacture chemical systems that protect and decorate surfaces. Our high-performance functional coatings improve resistance to wear and tear, such as hard chrome plating of shock absorbers for cars, or provide corrosion resistance for appliance parts. Our decorative performance coatings apply finishes for parts in various end-markets, such as automotive interiors or jewelry surfaces. As part of our broader sustainable solutions platform, we also provide both chemistry and equipment for turnkey wastewater treatment and recycle and reuse solutions. Our industrial customer base is highly diverse and includes customers in the following end-markets: appliances and electronics equipment; automotive parts; industrial parts; plumbing goods; construction equipment and transportation equipment. We believe our growth in this industry will be primarily driven by increased worldwide automobile production with elevated fashion elements and higher content per vehicle as well as general economic growth.
Graphics Solutions						As a supplier of consumable materials used to transfer images on to consumer packaging materials, our products are used to improve print quality and printing productivity. We produce and market photopolymers through an extensive line of flexographic plates that are used in the consumer packaging and printing industries. Photopolymers are molecules that change properties upon exposure to light. Flexography is a printing process that utilizes flexible printing plates made of rubber or other flexible plastics. We believe growth in this business will be driven by consumer demand and market shifts favoring the use of package imaging technologies that, like ours, offer a lower total cost of ownership to customers.
Energy Solutions						As a global supplier of specialized fluids to the offshore energy industry, we produce water-based hydraulic control fluids for major oil and gas companies and drilling contractors to be used in offshore deep-water production and drilling applications. We believe our growth in this business will be driven by continued capital expenditures in energy exploration and production.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Our recent accounting pronouncements have not changed materially from the summary disclosed in Note 3, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2022 Annual Report.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section, we present certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as operating results on a constant currency and organic basis and Adjusted EBITDA. Management internally reviews these non-GAAP measures to evaluate performance on a comparative period-to-period basis in terms of absolute performance, trends and expected future performance with respect to our business. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide investors with an additional perspective on trends and underlying operating results on a period-to-period comparable basis. We also believe that investors find this information helpful in understanding the ongoing performance of our operations separate from items that may have a disproportionate positive or negative impact on our financial results in any particular period or are considered to be associated with our capital structure.

These non-GAAP financial measures, however, have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation from, a substitute for, or superior to, the related financial information that we report in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of these non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude significant expenses and income that are required by GAAP to be recorded in our financial statements and may not be completely comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies due to potential differences in calculation methods. In addition, these measures are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgment by management about which items are excluded or included in determining these non-GAAP financial measures. Investors are encouraged to review the definitions and reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measures included in this Quarterly Report and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. Below is a more detailed description of these non-GAAP measures.

Constant Currency

We disclose operating results, from net sales through operating profit and Adjusted EBITDA, on a constant currency basis by adjusting results to exclude the impact of changes due to the translation of foreign currencies of our international locations into U.S. dollars. Management believes this non-GAAP financial information facilitates period-to-period comparison in the analysis of trends in business performance, thereby providing valuable supplemental information regarding our results of operations, consistent with how we internally evaluate our financial results.

The impact of foreign currency translation is calculated by converting our current-period local currency financial results into U.S. dollars using the prior period's exchange rates and comparing these adjusted amounts to our prior period reported results. The difference between actual growth rates and constant currency growth rates represents the estimated impact of foreign currency translation.

Organic Net Sales Growth

Organic net sales growth is defined as net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, changes due to the pass-through pricing of certain metals and acquisitions and/or divestitures, as applicable. Management believes this non-GAAP financial measure provides investors with a more complete understanding of the underlying net sales trends by providing comparable net sales over differing periods on a consistent basis.

For a reconciliation of GAAP net sales growth to organic net sales growth, see "Net Sales" within the "Results of Operations" section below.

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA, excluding the impact of additional items included in GAAP earnings which we believe are not representative or indicative of our ongoing business or are considered to be associated with our capital structure.

Management believes Adjusted EBITDA provides investors with a more complete understanding of the long-term profitability trends of our business and facilitates comparisons of our profitability to prior and future periods.

For a reconciliation of "Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders" to Adjusted EBITDA and more information about the adjustments made, see Note 12, Segment Information, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report.

Results of Operations

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to three and nine months ended September 30, 2022


	Three Months Ended						% Change			Nine Months Ended						% Change
	September 30,									September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency	Organic	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency	Organic
Net sales	$	599.3		$	618.5		(3)%	(3)%	(3)%	$	1,759.8		$	1,975.6		(11)%	(9)%	(6)%
Cost of sales	357.4			396.6			(10)%	(11)%		1,061.6			1,240.9			(14)%	(13)%
Gross profit	241.9			221.9			9%	10%		698.2			734.7			(5)%	(3)%
Gross margin	40.4		%	35.9		%	450 bps	490 bps		39.7		%	37.2		%	250 bps	260 bps
Operating expenses	242.8			142.7			70%	68%		580.1			469.5			24%	24%
Operating (loss) profit	(0.9)			79.2			(nm)	(nm)		118.1			265.2			(55)%	(50)%
Operating margin	(0.2)		%	12.8		%	(nm)	(nm)		6.7		%	13.4		%	(670)bps	(610)bps
Other expense, net	(15.5)			(9.4)			65%			(26.6)			(31.5)			(16)%
Income tax expense	(15.3)			(16.5)			(7)%			(53.4)			(60.4)			(12)%
Net (loss) income from continuing operations	(31.7)			53.3			(nm)			38.1			173.3			(78)%
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	—			—			(nm)			2.9			1.8			61%
Net (loss) income	$	(31.7)		$	53.3		(nm)			$	41.0		$	175.1		(77)%

Adjusted EBITDA	$	134.1		$	133.5		0%	2%		$	362.5		$	418.7		(13)%	(10)%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	22.4		%	21.6		%	80bps	110bps		20.6		%	21.2		%	(60)bps	(30)bps

(nm) Calculation not meaningful.

Net Sales

Net sales in the third quarter of 2023 decreased 3% on a reported basis, 3% on a constant currency basis and 3% on an organic basis. Electronics' consolidated results were positively impacted by $1.4 million of pass-through metals pricing and negatively impacted by $0.3 million of acquisitions and Industrial & Specialty's consolidated results were positively impacted by $1.1 million of acquisitions.

The following table reconciles GAAP net sales growth to constant currency and organic net sales growth:


	Three Months Ended				% Change
	September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023		2022		Reported Net Sales Growth	Impact of Currency	Constant Currency	Pass-Through Metals Pricing	Acquisitions	Organic Net Sales Growth
Electronics:
Assembly Solutions	$	191.2	$	192.5	(1)%	1%	1%	(1)%	—%	0%
Circuitry Solutions	109.1		126.5		(14)%	1%	(12)%	—%	—%	(12)%
Semiconductor Solutions	66.7		70.4		(5)%	(1)%	(6)%	—%	0%	(6)%
Total	367.0		389.4		(6)%	1%	(5)%	0%	0%	(5)%

Industrial & Specialty:
Industrial Solutions	177.7		176.8		1%	(2)%	(1)%	—%	(1)%	(2)%
Graphics Solutions	35.9		36.1		(1)%	(3)%	(4)%	—%	—%	(4)%
Energy Solutions	18.7		16.2		15%	(4)%	11%	—%	—%	11%
Total	232.3		229.1		1%	(2)%	(1)%	—%	0%	(1)%

Total	$	599.3	$	618.5	(3)%	0%	(3)%	0%	0%	(3)%

NOTE: Totals may not sum due to rounding.

Electronics' net sales in the third quarter of 2023 decreased 6% on a reported basis and 5% on an organic basis.

•Assembly Solutions: net sales decreased 1% on a reported basis and remained relatively flat on an organic basis. Pass-through metals pricing had a positive impact of 1% on reported net sales. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 1% on reported net sales. Organic net sales were relatively flat as growth in automotive customers was offset by demand weakness in China.

•Circuitry Solutions: net sales decreased 14% on a reported basis and 12% on an organic basis. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 1% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to demand weakness in the memory disk end market globally and lower raw material surcharges in the third quarter of 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022.

•Semiconductor Solutions: net sales decreased 5% on a reported basis and 6% on an organic basis. The reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights and the Kuprion Acquisition had a relatively flat impact on organic growth which excludes the impact of ViaForm sales for the third quarters of 2022 and 2023 as the transition from our prior distributor negatively impacted trends which we believe were not indicative of the underlying end-market for these products. Foreign exchange had a positive impact of 1% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower demand for precious metal based products, partially offset by growth in power electronics and plating chemistries for high-end electronics end markets.

Industrial & Specialty's net sales in the third quarter of 2023 increased 1% on a reported basis and decreased 1% on an organic basis.

•Industrial Solutions: net sales increased 1% on a reported basis and decreased 2% on an organic basis. Acquisitions had a positive impact of 1% on reported net sales. Foreign exchange had a positive impact of 2% on reported net sales. The

decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower demand from American and European construction and industrial manufacturing as well as lower raw material surcharges in the third quarter of 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022, partially offset by an equipment sale for a new production line under a multi-year chemistry sales agreement with an automotive customer which contributed approximately 5% to organic net sales.

•Graphics Solutions: net sales decreased 1% on a reported basis and 4% on an organic basis. Foreign exchange had a positive impact of 3% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower newspaper net sales and rationalization of lower margin customers partially offset by the contribution of new customer wins.

•Energy Solutions: net sales increased 15% on a reported basis and 11% on an organic basis. Foreign exchange had a positive impact of 4% on reported net sales. The increase in organic net sales was primarily due to cost inflation driven pricing actions and increased energy production activity.

Year to date, net sales decreased 11% on a reported basis, 9% on a constant currency basis and 6% on an organic basis. Electronics' consolidated results were negatively impacted by $73.5 million of pass-through metals pricing and positively impacted by $1.1 million of acquisitions and Industrial & Specialty's consolidated results were positively impacted by $3.8 million of acquisitions.

The following table reconciles GAAP net sales growth to constant currency and organic net sales growth:


	Nine Months Ended				% Change
	September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023		2022		Reported Net Sales Growth	Impact of Currency	Constant Currency	Pass-Through Metals Pricing	Acquisitions	Organic Net Sales Growth
Electronics:
Assembly Solutions	$	548.7	$	645.5	(15)%	3%	(12)%	11%	—%	(1)%
Circuitry Solutions	318.8		399.7		(20)%	3%	(18)%	—%	—%	(18)%
Semiconductor Solutions	194.9		226.6		(14)%	1%	(13)%	—%	(1)%	(14)%
Total	1,062.4		1,271.8		(16)%	2%	(14)%	6%	0%	(8)%

Industrial & Specialty:
Industrial Solutions	534.2		549.2		(3)%	2%	(1)%	—%	(1)%	(2)%
Graphics Solutions	107.5		106.3		1%	0%	1%	—%	—%	1%
Energy Solutions	55.7		48.3		15%	1%	16%	—%	—%	16%
Total	697.4		703.8		(1)%	1%	0%	—%	(1)%	0%

Total	$	1,759.8	$	1,975.6	(11)%	2%	(9)%	4%	0%	(6)%

NOTE: Totals may not sum due to rounding.

Year to date, Electronics' net sales decreased 16% on a reported basis and 8% on an organic basis.

•Assembly Solutions: net sales decreased 15% on a reported basis and 1% on an organic basis. Pass-through metals pricing had a negative impact of 11% on reported net sales. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 3% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower SMT volumes due to demand weakness in Asia, primarily China, partially offset by growth in automotive customers.

•Circuitry Solutions: net sales decreased 20% on a reported basis and 18% on an organic basis. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 3% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower demand from mobile phone market customers, primarily in Asia, and the memory disk end market globally.

•Semiconductor Solutions: net sales decreased 14% on a reported and organic basis. The reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights and the Kuprion Acquisition had a net positive impact of 1% on organic growth which excludes the impact of ViaForm sales for the third quarters of 2022 and 2023 as the transition from our prior distributor negatively impacted

trends which we believe were not indicative of the underlying end market for these products. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 1% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower demand for advanced packaging chemistries in the mobile phone and high-end electronics end markets and precious metal based products partially offset by strong demand from power electronics customers.

Year to date, Industrial & Specialty's net sales decreased 1% on a reported basis and remained relatively flat on an organic basis.

•Industrial Solutions: net sales decreased 3% on a reported basis and 2% on an organic basis. Acquisitions, primarily the HSO Acquisition, had a positive impact of 1% on reported net sales. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 2% on reported net sales. The decrease in organic net sales was primarily due to lower demand from European construction and industrial manufacturing markets as well as lower automotive production in China and India when compared to the same period in 2022, partially offset by an equipment sale for a new production line under a multi-year chemistry sales agreement with an automotive customer in the third quarter of 2023 which contributed approximately 2% to organic net sales.

•Graphics Solutions: net sales increased 1% on a reported basis and 1% on an organic basis. Foreign exchange remained relatively flat. The increase in organic net sales was primarily due to the contribution of new customer wins and cost inflation driven pricing actions partially offset by rationalization of lower-margin customers.

•Energy Solutions: net sales increased 15% on a reported basis and 16% on an organic basis. Foreign exchange had a negative impact of 1% on reported net sales. The increase in organic net sales was primarily due to increased energy production activity and cost inflation driven pricing actions.

Gross Profit


	Three Months Ended						% Change		Nine Months Ended						% Change
	September 30,								September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency
Gross profit
Electronics	$	148.6		$	134.1		11%	13%	$	424.6		$	459.8		(8)%	(5)%
Industrial & Specialty	93.3			87.8			6%	5%	273.6			274.9			0%	1%
Total	$	241.9		$	221.9		9%	10%	$	698.2		$	734.7		(5)%	(3)%

Gross margin
Electronics	40.5		%	34.4		%	610 bps	640 bps	40.0		%	36.2		%	380 bps	390 bps
Industrial & Specialty	40.2		%	38.4		%	180 bps	240 bps	39.2		%	39.1		%	10 bps	40 bps
Total	40.4		%	35.9		%	450 bps	490 bps	39.7		%	37.2		%	250 bps	260 bps

Electronics' gross profit in the third quarter of 2023 increased by 11% on a reported basis and 13% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase in gross profit was primarily driven by lower raw material and logistics costs. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to the recaptured margin on ViaForm Distributions Rights, lower raw material costs and favorable product mix.

Industrial & Specialty's gross profit in the third quarter of 2023 increased by 6% on a reported basis and 5% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase in gross profit was primarily driven by lower logistics costs, partially offset by declines in the Graphics Solutions business. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to lower logistics costs in the Industrial Solutions business as well as growth in our higher margin Energy Solutions business.

Year to date, Electronics' gross profit decreased by 8% on a reported basis and 5% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency decrease in gross profit was primarily driven by lower net sales across all businesses. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to lower pass-through metals pricing in the Assembly Solutions business, the recaptured margin on ViaForm Distributions Rights and the impact of inflationary price increases.

Year to date, Industrial & Specialty's gross profit remained relatively flat on a reported basis and increased 1% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase in gross profit was primarily driven by lower raw material costs in the Industrial Solutions business and growth in the Energy Solutions business, partially offset by declines in the Graphics Solutions business. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to lower logistics costs and growth in our higher margin Energy Solutions business.

Operating Expenses


	Three Months Ended						% Change		Nine Months Ended						% Change
	September 30,								September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency
Selling, technical, general and administrative	$	149.9		$	131.4		14%	13%	$	445.8		$	431.3		3%	5%
Research and development	12.9			11.3			15%	14%	54.3			38.2			42%	43%
Goodwill impairment	80.0			—			(nm)	(nm)	80.0			—			(nm)	(nm)
Total	$	242.8		$	142.7		70%	68%	$	580.1		$	469.5		24%	24%

Operating expenses as % of net sales
Selling, technical, general and administrative	25.0		%	21.2		%	380 bps	360 bps	25.3		%	21.8		%	350 bps	330 bps
Research and development	2.2		%	1.8		%	40 bps	40 bps	3.1		%	1.9		%	120 bps	110 bps
Goodwill impairment	13.3		%	—		%	(nm)	(nm)	4.5		%	—		%	(nm)	(nm)
Total	40.5		%	23.1		%	1,740 bps	1,700 bps	33.0		%	23.8		%	920 bps	870 bps

(nm) Calculation not meaningful.

During the third quarter of 2023, we recorded an impairment charge in our Industrial & Specialty segment of $80.0 million related to our Graphics Solutions reporting unit. See Note 5, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Operating expenses in the third quarter of 2023 increased 70% on a reported basis and 68% on a constant currency basis. Excluding the goodwill impairment charge discussed above, operating expenses in the third quarter of 2023 increased 14% on a reported basis and 13% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase was primarily driven by timing of incentive compensation accruals as the prior year period reflects a greater reduction of the accrual than the current year period and $3.2 million higher amortization expense associated with the purchase accounting for the reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights.

Year to date, operating expenses increased 24% on a reported basis and 24% on a constant currency basis. Excluding the goodwill impairment charge discussed above, year to date operating expenses increased 7% on a reported basis and 8% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase was primarily driven by $15.7 million of research and development costs associated with the purchase accounting related to the Kuprion Acquisition, higher personnel costs and higher travel expenses. See Note 2, Acquisitions, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the research and development costs associated with the Kuprion Acquisition.

Other (Expense) Income


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Other (expense) income
Interest expense, net	$	(13.3)	$	(12.3)	$	(37.0)	$	(39.6)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain	(5.3)		0.9		8.6		2.9
Other income, net	3.1		2.0		1.8		5.2
Total	$	(15.5)	$	(9.4)	$	(26.6)	$	(31.5)

Interest Expense, Net

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, interest expense, net increased $1.0 million primarily due to the interest applicable under the $150 million incremental term loans A incurred in the second quarter of 2023. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, interest expense, net decreased $2.6 million driven primarily by higher interest income partially offset by the applicable interests related to the $150 million incremental term loans A incurred in the second quarter of 2023.

Foreign Exchange (Loss) Gain

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the fluctuations in foreign exchange (loss) gain were primarily driven by the remeasurement of intercompany loans.

Other Income, Net

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, other income, net included $3.5 million ($0.1 million of realized losses and $3.6 million of unrealized gains) and $2.1 million ($3.7 million of realized losses and $5.8 million of unrealized gains), respectively, of net gains associated with metals derivative contracts. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, other income, net included $3.1 million ($5.4 million of realized gains and $2.3 million of unrealized losses) and $7.0 million ($5.0 million of realized gains and $2.0 million of unrealized gains), respectively, of net gains associated with metals derivative contracts. The metal derivative contracts primarily relate to inventory associated with pass-through metals pricing in our Assembly Solutions business. See Note 7, Financial Instruments, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of these derivative instruments.

Income Tax

The comparison of the Company's income tax provision between periods can be significantly impacted by the level and mix of earnings and losses by tax jurisdiction and discrete items. See Note 10, Income Taxes, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA Performance


	Three Months Ended						% Change		Nine Months Ended						% Change
	September 30,								September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency	2023			2022			Reported	Constant Currency
Adjusted EBITDA:
Electronics	$	90.4		$	90.9		(1)%	1%	$	239.4		$	293.0		(18)%	(15)%
Industrial & Specialty	43.7			42.6			3%	2%	123.1			125.7			(2)%	1%
Total	$	134.1		$	133.5		0%	2%	$	362.5		$	418.7		(13)%	(10)%

Adjusted EBITDA margin:
Electronics	24.6		%	23.3		%	130 bps	150 bps	22.5		%	23.0		%	(50) bps	(20) bps
Industrial & Specialty	18.9		%	18.6		%	30 bps	70 bps	17.7		%	17.9		%	(20) bps	0 bps
Total	22.4		%	21.6		%	80 bps	110 bps	20.6		%	21.2		%	(60) bps	(30) bps

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, Electronics' Adjusted EBITDA decreased 1% on a reported basis and increased 1% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase was primarily driven by higher gross profits. Industrial & Specialty's Adjusted EBITDA increased 3% on a reported basis and 2% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase was primarily driven by growth in the Energy Solutions business and lower logistics costs partially offset by declines in the Graphics Solutions business.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Electronics' Adjusted EBITDA decreased 18% on a reported basis and 15% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency decrease was primarily driven by lower gross profits. Industrial & Specialty's Adjusted EBITDA decreased 2% on a reported basis and increased 1% on a constant currency basis. The constant currency increase was primarily driven by growth in the Energy Solutions business and easing cost pressures partially offset by declines in the Graphics Solutions business.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were the proceeds from the term loans A transaction and available cash generated from operations. Our primary uses of cash and cash equivalents were to fund the reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights and the Kuprion Acquisition, pay cash dividends, capital expenditures, fund operations including working capital and debt service obligations. A portion of our interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps associated with our term loans mature in January 2024. Expiration of these hedges could result in a material increase to interest expense. Our first significant debt principal payment of approximately $1.23 billion, related to the maturity of our outstanding term loans under the Credit Agreement, is not due until 2026.

In the third quarter of 2023, we paid a cash dividend of 8 cents per share. We currently expect to continue to pay a cash dividend on a quarterly basis; however, the actual declaration of any cash dividends as well as their amounts and timing, will be subject to the final determination of our Board of Directors based on factors including our future earnings and cash flow generation.

We believe that our cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations, supplemented by our availability under our lines of credit, including our revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to meet our working capital needs, interest payments, capital expenditures, potential dividend payments and other business requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, working capital cycles and/or future repurchases of our common stock and/or acquisitions may require additional funding, which may include future debt and/or equity offerings. Our long-term liquidity may be influenced by our ability to borrow additional funds, manage interest rates, renegotiate existing debt and/or raise new equity or debt under terms that are favorable to us.

We may from time to time seek to repurchase our equity and/or to retire or repurchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, applicable restrictions under our various financing arrangements and other factors.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, approximately 75% of our net sales were generated from non-U.S. operations, and we expect a large portion of our net sales to continue to be generated outside of the U.S. As a result, our foreign subsidiaries will likely continue to generate a substantial portion of our cash. We expect to manage our worldwide cash requirements based on available funds among the many subsidiaries through which we conduct business and the cost effectiveness with which those funds can be accessed. We may transfer cash from certain international subsidiaries to the U.S. and/or other international subsidiaries when we believe it is cost effective to do so. Of our $330 million of cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2023, $256 million was held by our foreign subsidiaries.

The following is a summary of our cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing activities during the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2023		2022

Cash provided by operating activities	$	221.8	$	195.4
Cash used in investing activities	$	(226.2)	$	(61.9)
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities	$	74.6	$	(211.6)

Operating Activities

The increase in net cash flows provided by operating activities of $26.4 million was primarily driven by lower annual incentive compensation payments and improved management of working capital, partially offset by lower cash operating profits (net income adjusted for non-cash items).

Investing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we paid approximately $170 million in connection with the reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights and $15.9 million in connection with the Kuprion Acquisition. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we paid approximately $23 million in connection with the HSO Acquisition.

Financing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we borrowed $150 million of incremental term loans A under our senior credit facility to finance the reacquired ViaForm Distribution Rights. We paid $58.1 million of cash dividends on shares of our common stock and $7.7 million for shares of our common stock withheld by the Company to satisfy the tax withholding requirements related to the vesting of RSUs included in "Other, net." During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we paid approximately $114 million in aggregate for the repurchase of shares of our common stock under our stock repurchase program, $59.2 million of cash dividends on shares of our common stock and $24.0 million for shares of our common stock withheld by the Company to satisfy the tax withholding requirements related to the vesting of RSUs included in "Other, net."

Financial Borrowings

Credit Facilities and Senior Notes

At September 30, 2023, we had $2.04 billion of indebtedness, net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs, which primarily included:

•$1.25 billion of term debt arrangements outstanding under our term loans; and

•$792 million of 3.875% USD Notes due 2028.

Availability under our revolving credit facility and various lines of credit and overdraft facilities totaled $392 million at September 30, 2023 (net of $5.9 million of stand-by letters of credit which reduce our borrowing capacity).

Covenants

At September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with the customary affirmative and negative covenants, events of default and other customary provisions of the Credit Agreement as well as with the covenants included in the indenture governing our 3.875% USD Notes due 2028.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk required by this item have not changed materially from those disclosed in our 2022 Annual Report. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, contained in our 2022 Annual Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Based on management's evaluation (with the participation of our CEO and CFO), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Changes to Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Based on management's evaluation (with the participation of our CEO and CFO), there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter covered by this Quarterly Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings, investigations and/or claims that are incidental to the operation of our businesses. In particular, we are involved in various claims relating to environmental matters at a number of current and former plant sites and waste management sites. See Note 9, Contingencies, Environmental and Legal Matters, to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report for more information and updates.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors from those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2022 Annual Report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None

Item 5. Other Information

None

Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed or furnished as part of this Quarterly Report:


Exhibit Number			Description
3.1(a)			Certificate of Incorporation dated January 22, 2014 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 of Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-192778) filed on January 24, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference)
3.1(b)			Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation dated June 12, 2014 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 13, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference)
3.1(c)			Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation dated January 31, 2019 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 5, 2019, and incorporated herein by reference)
3.2			Amended and Restated By-laws dated April 25, 2023 (filed as Exhibit 3.2 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on April 27, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference)




31.1*			Principal Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*			Principal Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**			Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.SCH**			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL**			Inline XBRL Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF**			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB**			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE**			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101. INS**			Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL documents
104**			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and included in Exhibits 101)

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized this October 26, 2023.


			ELEMENT SOLUTIONS INC

			By:			/s/ Michael Russnok
						Michael Russnok
						Chief Accounting Officer
						(Principal Accounting Officer)