EMERSON RADIO CORP - Quarter Report: 2022 December (Form 10-Q)

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

EMERSON RADIO CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

EMERSON RADIO CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

EMERSON RADIO CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

EMERSON RADIO CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

EMERSON RADIO CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 — BACKGROUND AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Emerson Radio Corp. and its subsidiaries (“Emerson” or the “Company”). The Company designs, sources, imports and markets certain houseware and consumer electronic products, and licenses the Company’s trademarks for a variety of products.

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position as of  December 31, 2022 and the results of operations for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary in order to make the financial statements not misleading have been included. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes; actual results could materially differ from those estimates. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and accordingly do not include all of the disclosures normally made in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended  March 31, 2022 (“fiscal 2022”), included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for fiscal 2022.

The results of operations for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year ending March 31, 2023 (“fiscal 2023”).

Whenever necessary, reclassifications are made to conform the prior year’s consolidated financial statements to the current year’s presentation.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Update 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (Issued December 2019)

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. This standard took effect in the first quarter ( June 2021) of the Company’s fiscal year ending March 31, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The following Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) were issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) which relate to or could relate to the Company as concerns the Company’s normal ongoing operations or the industry in which the Company operates.

Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses” (Issued June 2016)

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” to introduce new guidance for the accounting for credit losses on instruments within its scope. ASU 2016-13 requires among other things, the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material impact on its financial statements.

Revenue recognition: Sales to customers and related cost of sales are primarily recognized at the point in time when control of goods transfers to the customer. Control is considered to be transferred when the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits of that good. Under the Direct Import Program, title passes in the country of origin when the goods are passed over the rail of the customer’s vessel. Under the Domestic Program, title passes primarily at the time of shipment. Estimates for future expected returns are based upon historical return rates and netted against revenues.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods. Revenue is recorded net of customer discounts, promotional allowances, volume rebates and similar charges. When the Company offers the right to return product, historical experience is utilized to establish a liability for the estimate of expected returns. Sales and other tax amounts collected from customers for remittance to governmental authorities are excluded from revenue.

Management must make estimates of potential future product returns related to current period product revenue. Management analyzes historical returns, current economic trends and changes in customer demand for the Company’s products when evaluating the adequacy of the reserve for sales returns. Management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the sales return reserves in any accounting period. Additional reserves may be required if actual sales returns increase above the historical return rates. Conversely, the sales return reserve could be decreased if the actual return rates are less than the historical return rates, which were used to establish the reserve.

Sales allowances, marketing support programs, promotions and other volume-based incentives which are provided to retailers and distributors are accounted for on an accrual basis as a reduction to net revenues in the period in which the related sales are recognized in accordance with ASC topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”).

At the time of sale, the Company reduces recognized gross revenue by allowances to cover, in addition to estimated sales returns as required by ASC 606, (i) sales incentives offered to customers that meet the criteria for accrual and (ii) an estimated amount to recognize additional non-offered deductions it anticipates and can reasonably estimate will be taken by customers, which it does not expect to recover. Accruals for the estimated amount of future non-offered deductions are required to be made as contra-revenue items, because that percentage of shipped revenue fails to meet the collectability criteria within ASC 606.

If additional marketing support programs, promotions and other volume-based incentives are required to promote the Company’s products subsequent to the initial sale, then additional reserves may be required and are accrued for when such support is offered.

The Company offers limited warranties for its consumer electronics, comparable to those offered to consumers by the Company’s competitors in the United States. Such warranties typically consist of a one year period for microwaves and a 90 day period for audio products, under which the Company pays for labor and parts, or offers a new or similar unit in exchange for a non-performing unit.

Licensing: In addition to the distribution of products, the Company grants licenses for the right to access the Company’s intellectual property, specifically the Company’s trademarks, for a stated term for the manufacture and/or sale of consumer electronics and other products under agreements which require payment of either (i) a non-refundable minimum guaranteed royalty or, (ii) the greater of (a) the actual royalties due (based on a contractual calculation, normally comprised of actual product sales by the licensee multiplied by a stated royalty rate, or “Sales Royalties”) or (b) a minimum guaranteed royalty amount. In the case of the foregoing clause (i), such amounts are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the license agreement. In the case of the foregoing clause (ii), Sales Royalties in excess of guaranteed minimums are accounted for as variable fees and are not recognized as revenue until the Company has ascertained that the licensee’s sales of products have exceeded the guaranteed minimum. In effect, the Company recognizes the greater of Sales Royalties earned to date or the straight-line amount of minimum guaranteed royalties to date. In the case where a royalty is paid to the Company in advance, the royalty payment is initially recorded as a liability and recognized as revenue as the royalties are deemed to be earned according to the principles outlined above.

NOTE 2 — EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts). Weighted average shares includes the impact of shares held in treasury.

NOTE 3 — SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Outstanding capital stock at December 31, 2022 consisted of common stock and Series A preferred stock. The Series A preferred stock is non-voting, has no dividend preferences and has not been convertible since March 31, 2002; however, it retains a liquidation preference.

At December 31, 2022, the Company had no options, warrants or other potentially dilutive securities outstanding.

NOTE 4 — INVENTORY

Inventories, which consist primarily of finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. As of December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022, inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

NOTE 5 — INCOME TAXES

At December 31, 2022, the Company had $16.0 million of U.S. federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carry forwards. These losses do not expire but are limited to utilization of 80% of taxable income in any one year. At December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $18.7 million of U.S. state NOL carry forwards. The tax benefits related to these state NOL carry forwards and future deductible temporary differences are recorded to the extent management believes it is more likely than not that such benefits will be realized.

The income of foreign subsidiaries before taxes was $247,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to income of foreign subsidiaries before taxes of $19,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021. The income of foreign subsidiaries before taxes was $489,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to income of foreign subsidiaries before taxes of $71,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021.  

The Company analyzed the future reasonability of recognizing its deferred tax assets at December 31, 2022. As a result, the Company concluded that a 100% valuation allowance of $4,800,000 would be recorded against the assets.

Although the Company generated a net operating loss, it recorded income tax expense of nil and $10,500, respectively, during the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022, primarily resulting from state income taxes. During the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded income tax expense of nil and $10,500, respectively, primarily resulting from state income taxes. After the adoption of ASU 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” during fiscal 2022, these non-income based state taxes are now reported within selling, general and administrative expenses.

The Company is subject to examination and assessment by tax authorities in numerous jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s open tax years for examination for U.S. federal tax are 2017-2021, and for U.S. states’ tax are 2016-2021. Based on the outcome of tax examinations or due to the expiration of statutes of limitations, it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken in previously filed returns may be different from the liabilities that have been recorded for these unrecognized tax benefits. As a result, the Company may be subject to additional tax expense.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company is asserting under ASC 740-30 that all of the unremitted earnings of its foreign subsidiaries are indefinitely invested. The Company evaluates this assertion each period based on a number of factors, including the operating plans, budgets, and forecasts for both the Company and its foreign subsidiaries; the long-term and short-term financial requirements in the U.S. and in each foreign jurisdiction; and the tax consequences of any decision to repatriate earnings of foreign subsidiaries to the U.S.

As of December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022, the Company had a federal tax liability of approximately $1,603,000 and $1,808,000, respectively, related to the repatriation of the Company’s undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries as required by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”). As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s short term portion was approximately $401,000 and the long term portion was approximately $1,202,000.

The liability is payable over 8 years. The first five installments are each equal to 8%, the sixth is equal to 15%, the seventh is equal to 20% and the final installment is equal to 25% of the liability. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has paid five of the eight installments. Each installment must be remitted on or before July 15^th of the year in which such installment is due. 

NOTE 6 — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

From time to time, Emerson engages in business transactions with its controlling shareholder, Nimble Holdings Company Limited (“Nimble”), formerly known as The Grande Holdings Limited (“Grande”), and one or more of Nimble’s direct and indirect subsidiaries, or with entities related to the Company’s Chairman of the Board of Directors. Set forth below is a summary of such transactions.

Controlling Shareholder

S&T International Distribution Limited (“S&T”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Grande N.A.K.S. Ltd., which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nimble, collectively have, based on a Schedule 13D/A filed with the SEC on February 15, 2019, the shared power to vote and direct the disposition of 15,243,283 shares, or approximately 72.4%, of the Company’s outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2022. Accordingly, the Company is a “controlled company” as defined in Section 801(a) of the NYSE American Company Guide.

Related Party Transactions

Charges of rental and utility fees on office space in Hong Kong

During the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022, the Company was billed approximately $40,000 and $119,000, respectively, for rental and utility fees from Vigers Appraisal and Consulting Ltd (“VACL”), which is a company related to the Company’s Chairman of the Board of Directors. As of December 31, 2022 the Company owed approximately $800 to VACL related to these charges.  

During the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2021, the Company was billed approximately $500 and $1,100, respectively, for purchases of personal protection equipment from Vigers Strategic Services Ltd (“VSSL”), which is a company related to the Company’s Chairman of the Board of Directors. VSSL was formerly known as Lafe Strategic Services Ltd. As of December 31, 2022 the Company owed approximately $500 to VSSL related to these charges.  

NOTE 7 — SHORT TERM INVESTMENTS

At both December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022, the Company held short term investments in deposits totaling nil. The Company held $25.5 million in deposits which were classified as cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and $22.0 million of such deposits as of March 31, 2022.   

NOTE 8 — CONCENTRATION RISK

Customer Concentration

For the three month period ended December 31, 2022, the Company’s two largest customers accounted for approximately 84% of the Company’s net revenues, of which Walmart accounted for approximately 50% and Amazon accounted for approximately 34%. No other customer accounted for greater than 10% of the Company's net revenues.

For the nine month period ended December 31, 2022, the Company’s three largest customers accounted for approximately 74% of the Company’s net revenues, of which Walmart accounted for approximately 42%, Amazon accounted for approximately 21% and Fred Meyer accounted for approximately 11%.

For the three month period ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s three largest customers accounted for approximately 92% of the Company’s net revenues, of which Amazon accounted for approximately 50%, Walmart accounted for approximately 37% and Fred Meyer accounted for approximately 5%.

For the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s three largest customers accounted for approximately 88% of the Company’s net revenues, of which Walmart accounted for approximately 37%, Amazon accounted for approximately 36% and Fred Meyer accounted for approximately 15%.

A significant decline in net sales to any of the Company’s key customers would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operation.             

Product Concentration

For the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022, the Company’s gross product sales included microwave ovens, which generated approximately 9% and 24%, respectively, of the Company’s gross product sales and audio products, which generated approximately 91% and 75%, respectively, of the Company’s gross product sales. 

For the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s gross product sales included microwave ovens, which generated approximately 10% and 24%, respectively, of the Company’s gross product sales and audio products, which generated approximately 89% and 76%, respectively, of the Company’s gross product sales.     

Concentrations of Credit Risk

As a percent of the Company’s total trade accounts receivable, net of specific reserves, the Company’s top two customers accounted for approximately 51% and 48%, respectively, as of December 31, 2022. No other customers accounted for greater than 10% of the Company's total trade accounts receivable, net of specific reserves as of December 31, 2022. As a percent of the Company’s total trade accounts receivable, net of specific reserves, the Company’s top three customers accounted for approximately 69%, 17% and 11%, respectively, as of March 31, 2022. The Company periodically performs credit evaluations of its customers but generally does not require collateral, and the Company provides for any anticipated credit losses in the financial statements based upon management’s estimates and ongoing reviews of recorded allowances. Due to the high concentration of the Company’s net trade accounts receivables among just two customers, any significant failure by one of these customers to pay the Company the amounts owing against these receivables would result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company maintains its cash accounts with major U.S. and foreign financial institutions. The Company’s cash and restricted cash balances on deposit in the U.S. as of December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022 were insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000 per qualifying bank account in accordance with FDIC rules. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances in excess of these FDIC-insured limits were approximately $27.0 million and approximately $25.3 million at December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively.

Supplier Concentration

During the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022, the Company procured 100% of its products for resale from its three largest factory suppliers, of which approximately 74% and 71%, respectively, was supplied by its largest supplier. During the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2021, the Company procured 100% of its products for resale from its two largest factory suppliers, of which approximately 81% and 83%, respectively, was supplied by its largest supplier.    

NOTE 9 — LEASES

The Company leases office space in the U.S. and in Hong Kong as well as a copier in the U.S. These leases have remaining non-cancellable lease terms of four months to twenty-two months. The Company has elected not to separate lease and non-lease components for all leased assets. The Company did not identify any events or conditions during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 to indicate that a reassessment or re-measurement of the Company’s existing leases was required. There were also no impairment indicators identified during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 that required an impairment test for the Company’s right-of-use assets or other long-lived assets in accordance with ASC topic 360-10, “Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s current operating lease liabilities and finance lease liabilities were $145,000 and $1,000, respectively and its non-current operating lease liabilities and finance lease liabilities were $98,000 and $1,000, respectively. The Company’s operating and finance lease right-of-use asset balances are presented in non-current assets. The net balance of the Company’s operating and finance lease right-of-use assets as of December 31, 2022 was $244,000 and $2,000, respectively.

In January 2023, the Company relocated its headquarters to a temporary office space. The Company's new landlord has yet to receive the proper permits to build out the agreed-upon space. The commencement date on the new lease will not begin until the Company moves into the agreed-upon space. The Company is not obligated to pay rent while it resides in the temporary office space. Due to the uncertainty of the commencement date, the right-of-use asset and lease liabilities cannot be calculated at this time.

The components of lease costs, which were included in operating expenses in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, were as follows:

Information relating to the lease term and discount rate are as follows:

As of  December 31, 2022 the maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:

NOTE 10 — GOVERNMENTAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS  

During the three month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s Hong Kong subsidiary recorded $4,000 and nil, respectively, under the governmental program called the Employment Support Scheme (“ESS”). The proceeds must be used for payroll expenses and the Company may be subject to government-appointed random reviews to verify the information submitted by the applicant. 

During the nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s Hong Kong subsidiary recorded $34,000 and nil, respectively, under the ESS. During the nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company recorded nil and $207,000, respectively, related to forgiveness of the Company's Paycheck Protection Program (”PPP”) loan.

The income realized from the amount granted under the ESS program and the PPP loan forgiveness are presented as Other Income under the description called “Income from governmental assistance programs” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 11 — LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On April 19, 2022, the US District Court for the District of Delaware granted judgment in favor of the Company in its trademark infringement lawsuit against air conditioning and heating products provider Emerson Quiet Kool and wholesaler Home Easy (the “defendants”). Among other things, the court order issues an injunction and directs the US Patent and Trademark Office to cancel the defendants’ existing and proposed “Emerson Quiet Kool” trademarks and prohibits defendants from registering or applying to register the same mark or any other mark or name containing the word “Emerson” going forward. The judgment also awards $6.5 million to the Company. The defendants have to date conditionally made payments, including certain advances and a portion of their liability, which are reflected as advanced deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, in connection with ongoing negotiations among the parties. There is no guarantee that the Company will be able to collect the entire judgment or that a negotiated resolution regarding these matters will ever be agreed among the parties or, if agreed, how soon the parties will be able to do so.  

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

The following discussion of the Company’s operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

In the following discussions, most percentages and dollar amounts have been rounded to aid presentation. Accordingly, all amounts are approximations.

Forward-Looking Information

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to the Company’s beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, anticipations, assumptions, estimates, intentions, and future performance, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may be beyond the Company’s control, and which may cause the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.

All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that could be forward-looking statements. The reader can identify these forward-looking statements through the Company’s use of words such as “may,” “will,” “can,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “should,” “indicate,” “would,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “expect,” “seek,” “estimate,” “continue,” “plan,” “project,” “predict,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “potential,” and other similar words and expressions of the future. These forward-looking statements may not be realized due to a variety of factors, including, without limitation:

Furthermore, the situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic remains fluid. The extent of any impact on the Company's business, results of operations or financial position will depend on future developments, including the duration of the outbreak, duration of the measures taken to control the spread, the effectiveness of actions taken to contain and treat the disease, and demand for the Company’s products.

All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary notice. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report or the date of the document incorporated by reference into this report. The Company has no obligation, and expressly disclaims any obligation, to update, revise or correct any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The Company has expressed its expectations, beliefs and projections in good faith and it believes it has a reasonable basis for them. However, the Company cannot assure the reader that its expectations, beliefs or projections will result or be achieved or accomplished.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes certain financial information for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 (fiscal 2023) and December 31, 2021 (fiscal 2022) (in thousands):

Net product sales — Net product sales for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 were $1.7 million as compared to $2.5 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of  $0.8 million, or 32.1%. The Company’s sales during the three month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were highly concentrated among the Company’s three largest customers – Wal-Mart, Amazon  and Fred Meyer – comprising in the aggregate approximately 99% and 94%, respectively, of the Company’s total net product sales for such periods.

Net product sales for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 were $4.3 million as compared to $6.3 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of $2.0 million, or 31.1%. The Company’s sales during the nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were highly concentrated among the Company’s three largest customers – Wal-Mart, Fred Meyer and Amazon – comprising in the aggregate approximately 91% and 91%, respectively, of the Company’s total net product sales for such periods.

Net product sales are comprised primarily of the sales of houseware and audio products which bear the Emerson® brand name. Net product sales may be periodically impacted by adjustments made to the Company’s sales allowance and marketing support accrual to record unanticipated customer deductions from accounts receivable or to reduce the accrual by any amounts which were accrued in the past but not taken by customers through deductions from accounts receivable within a certain time period. In the aggregate, these adjustments had the effect of increasing net product sales and operating income by approximately $10,000 and $6,000 for the three month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and by approximately $16,000 and nil for the nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The major elements which contributed to the overall decrease in net product sales were as follows:

i)    Houseware products:Net sales decreased $0.1 million, or 43.9%, to $0.2 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $0.3 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, driven by reduced demand for microwave ovens. For the nine month period ended December 31, 2022, houseware net product sales were $1.1 million, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 29.6%, from $1.5 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, driven by a decrease in year-over-year sales of microwave ovens.

ii)         Audio products: Net sales decreased $0.7 million, or 30.7%, to $1.5 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $2.2 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, resulting from decreased net sales of clock radios. For the nine month period ended December 31, 2022, audio net product sales were $3.3 million, a decrease of $1.5 million or 31.6%, from to $4.8 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, driven by a decrease in year-over-year sales of clock radios.

Business operations — The Company expects to continue to expand its existing distribution channels and to develop and promote new products with retailers in the U.S. The Company is also continuing to invest in products and marketing activities to expand its sales through internet and ecommerce channels. These efforts require investments in appropriate human resources, media marketing and development of products in various categories in addition to the traditional home appliances and audio products on which the Company has historically focused. The Company also is continuing its efforts to identify strategic courses of action related to its licensing activities, including seeking new licensing relationships. The Company has engaged each of Leveraged Marketing Corporation of America and Global Licensing Services Pte Limited as an agent to assist in identifying and procuring potential licensees.

Emerson’s success is dependent on its ability to anticipate and respond to changing consumer demands and trends in a timely manner, as well as expanding into new markets and sourcing new products that are profitable to the Company. Geo-political factors may also affect the Company’s operations and demand for the Company’s products, which are subject to customs requirements and to tariffs and quotas set by governments through mutual agreements and bilateral actions. The Company expects that current and proposed U.S. tariffs on categories of products that the Company imports from China, and China’s retaliatory tariffs on certain goods imported from the United States, as well as modifications to international trade policy, will continue to affect its product costs going forward. If no mitigation steps are taken, or the mitigation is unsuccessful, the combination of tariffs will result in significantly increased annualized costs to the Company as all of the Company’s products are currently manufactured by suppliers in China. Although the Company is monitoring the trade and political environment and working to mitigate the possible effect of tariffs with its suppliers as well as its customers through pricing and sourcing strategies, the Company cannot be certain how its customers and competitors will react to the actions taken. In addition, heightened tensions between the United States and China over Hong Kong and any resulting retaliatory policies may affect our operations in Hong Kong. At this time the Company is unable to quantify possible effects on its costs arising from the new tariffs, which are expected to increase the Company’s inventory costs and associated costs of sales as tariffs are incurred, and some costs may be passed through to the Company’s customers as product price increases in the future. However, if the Company is unable to successfully pass through the additional costs or otherwise mitigate the effects of these tariffs, or if the higher prices reduce demand for the Company’s products, it will have a negative effect on the Company’s product sales and gross margins.

Starting in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges and impacted the Company’s business and operating results, and the operations and production capabilities of the Company’s suppliers in China and the distribution capabilities of the Company’s third party logistics provider, including as a result of quarantine or closure. The pandemic has directly and indirectly disrupted certain sales and supply chain activities and affected the Company’s ability to address those challenges. Although the Company has since experienced increased demand in certain of its product categories and favorable impacts on its online channels as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company expects that the pandemic will continue to impact its business and operations over the coming quarters, including with respect to the magnitude and timing of orders by retailers, resellers, distributors and consumers. Additionally, surges in demand and shifts in shopping patterns related to the COVID-19 pandemic have strained the global freight network and availability of shipping containers, which has been further exacerbated by COVID-19 outbreaks and protocols at many port locations, resulting in carrier-imposed capacity restrictions, carrier delays and longer lead times, including shipment receiving and unloading backlogs at many U.S. ports. As a result, the Company’s shipping costs have recently increased by several multiples compared to fiscal 2021 averages. Global component shortages, in particular semiconductor chips, arising from these changes in consumer demand and reduced manufacturing capacity related to the COVID-19 pandemic have also caused and are likely to continue to result in significant price fluctuations and long lead times in the supply of these components. Although the Company is seeking alternate suppliers for these components, developing alternate sources of supply will be time consuming, difficult and costly, and may require the re-tooling of products to accommodate components from different suppliers. In addition to increasing cost trends, the Company’s suppliers are not equipped to hold meaningful amounts of inventory and if shipping container capacity remains limited or unavailable, they could pause manufacturing, which could ultimately impact the Company’s ability to fulfill customer orders on a timely basis. These impacts on the Company’s supply chain have and may continue to impact the Company’s ability to meet product demand, which could result in additional costs, customer dissatisfaction in the event of inventory shortages or may otherwise adversely impact the Company’s business and results of operations.

In light of the adverse macroeconomic conditions domestically and internationally, the Company has implemented certain cost-reduction actions intended to reduce expenditures. However, the environment remains highly uncertain and demand for the Company’s products remains difficult to assess due to many factors including the pace of economic recovery around the world, the status of various government stimulus programs, competitive intensity and retailer actions to continue carefully managing inventory. Accordingly, current results and financial condition discussed herein may not be indicative of future operating results and trends.

For more information on risks associated with the Company’s operations, including tariffs, please see the risk factors within Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended March 31, 2022.

Legal Proceedings — On April 19, 2022, the US District Court for the District of Delaware granted judgment in favor of the Company in its trademark infringement lawsuit against air conditioning and heating products provider Emerson Quiet Kool and wholesaler Home Easy (the “defendants”). Among other things, the court order issues an injunction and directs the US Patent and Trademark Office to cancel the defendants’ existing and proposed “Emerson Quiet Kool” trademarks and prohibits defendants from registering or applying to register the same mark or any other mark or name containing the word “Emerson” going forward. The judgment also awards $6.5 million to the Company. The defendants have to date conditionally made payments, including certain advances and a portion of their liability, which are reflected as advanced deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, in connection with ongoing negotiations among the parties. There is no guarantee that the Company will be able to collect the entire judgment or that a negotiated resolution regarding these matters will ever be agreed among the parties or, if agreed, how soon the parties will be able to do so.

Licensing revenue — Licensing revenue for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 was $228,000 as compared to $65,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, an increase of $163,000, or 251.4%. Licensing revenue for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 was $971,000 as compared to $195,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, an increase of $776,000 or 398.0%. For the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 the Company recorded $105,000 and $700,000, respectively, in royalty income derived from sell-off agreements made with customers of Emerson Quiet Kool. Also contributing were year-over-year increases attributed to the signing of new licensing agreements as well as an escalation in the annual minimum royalty earned by the Company from one of its existing licensees.

Net revenues — Net revenues were $1.9 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $2.6 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of $0.7 million, or 24.9% and $5.3 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $6.5 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021 , a decrease of $1.2 million, or 18.2%.

Cost of sales — Cost of sales decreased $0.5 million, or 25.5% to $1.3 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $1.8 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in absolute terms for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the three month period ended December 31, 2021 was primarily related to a decrease in net product sales partially offset by higher year-over-year gross cost of sales as a percentage of gross sales.

Cost of sales decreased $1.2 million, or 25.9% to $3.6 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $4.8 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in absolute terms for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the three month period ended December 31, 2021 was primarily related to a decrease in net product sales partially offset by higher year-over-year gross cost of sales as a percentage of gross sales.

The Company purchases the products it sells from a limited number of factory suppliers. In each of the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company purchased 100% of its products from its three largest suppliers.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“S,G&A”) — S,G&A was $1.1 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $1.5 million for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of $0.4 million or 28.5%. S,G&A, as a percentage of net revenues, was 54.4% for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to 57.1% for the three month period ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in S,G&A was primarily attributable to a decrease in legal fees of $333,000, a decrease in compensation costs of $42,000, a decrease in insurance expense of $43,000 and a decrease in director’s fees of $15,000. Legal fees for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 were $169,000 as compared to $502,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021. Compensation costs for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 were $489,000 as compared to $531,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021. Insurance expense for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 was $111,000 as compared to $154,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021. Director’s fees for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 were $33,000 as compared to $48,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021.

S,G&A was $3.7 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $4.2 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of $0.5 million or 12.4%. S,G&A, as a percentage of net revenues, was 69.5% for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to 64.9% for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in S,G&A was primarily attributable to a decrease in compensation costs of $247,000, a decrease in legal fees of $93,000, a decrease in insurance expense of $71,000, a decrease in director’s fees of $63,000, a decrease in commission expense of $30,000 and a decrease in bad debt expense of $25,000. Compensation costs for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 were $1,524,000 as compared to $1,771,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. Legal fees for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 were $1,007,000 as compared to $1,100,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. Insurance expense for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 was $388,000 as compared to $459,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. Director’s fees for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 were $97,000 as compared to $160,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. Commission expense for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 was $33,000 as compared to $63,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021. Bad debt expense for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 was $2,000 as compared to $27,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021.

Interest income, net — Interest income, net, was $235,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $7,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021, an increase of $228,000. The increase was primarily due to higher average interest rates earned on the Company’s short term investments.

Interest income, net, was $424,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $40,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, an increase of $384,000. The increase was primarily due to higher average interest rates earned on the Company’s short term investments.

Income from governmental assistance programs — For the three month period ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded income of approximately $4,000 under the ESS program. See “Note 10 – Governmental Assistance Programs”.

For the nine month period ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded income of approximately $34,000 under the ESS program. For the nine month period ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded income of $207,000 as loan forgiveness in respect of its PPP loan. See “Note 10 – Governmental Assistance Programs”.

Provision (benefit) for income taxes — For both of the three month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company recorded income tax expense of nil. For both of the nine month periods ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company under the adoption of ASU 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” incurred $10,950 of non-income based state taxes, which are now reported as S,G &A. See “Note 5 – Income Taxes”.

Although the Company generated net losses during fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, it was unable to realize an income tax benefit due to valuation allowances recorded against its deferred tax assets.

Net (loss) — As a result of the foregoing factors, the Company realized a net loss of $241,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2022 as compared to a net loss of $1,164,000 for the three month period ended December 31, 2021.

For the nine month period ended December 31, 2022, the Company realized a net loss of $1,471,000 as compared to a net loss of $2,711,000 for the nine month period ended December 31, 2021.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $27.3 million as compared to approximately $25.6 million at March 31, 2022. Cash and cash equivalents includes short term investments in deposits which were classified as cash equivalents of $25.5 million as of December 31, 2022 compared to $22.0 million of such deposits as of March 31, 2022. Working capital decreased to $26.3 million at December 31, 2022 as compared to $28.1 million at March 31, 2022. The increase in cash and cash equivalents of approximately $1.7 million was due to an increase in advanced deposits of $4.1 million (representing conditional payments received in connection with ongoing settlement negotiations) and a decrease in accounts receivable of $0.4 million partially offset by the net loss generated during the period of $1.5 million, an increase in prepaid purchases of $0.5 million, a decrease in accounts payable and other current liabilities of $0.2 million, an increase in inventory of $0.2 million and a decrease in federal taxes payable of $0.2 million and an increase in licensing receivables of $0.2 million.

Cash Flows

Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $1.7 million for the nine month period ended December 31, 20221, resulting from an increase in advanced deposits of $4.1 million and a decrease in accounts receivable of $0.3 million and a decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $0.1 million partially offset by the $1.5 million net loss generated during the period, an increase in prepaid purchases of $0.5 million, a decrease in accounts payable and other current liabilities of $0.2 million, an increase in inventory of $0.2 million, a decrease in federal taxes payable of $0.2 million and an increase in licensing receivables of $0.2 million.

Net cash used by investing activities was nil for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022.

Net cash used by financing activities was nil for the nine month period ended December 31, 2022.

Sources and Uses of Funds

The Company’s principal existing sources of cash are generated from operations and its existing short-term investments. The Company believes that its existing cash balance and sources of cash will be sufficient to support existing operations over the next 12 months.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined under the rules of the SEC.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Update 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (Issued December 2019)

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. This standard took effect in the first quarter (June 2021) of the Company’s fiscal year ending March 31, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The following ASUs were issued by the FASB which relate to or could relate to the Company as concerns the Company’s normal ongoing operations or the industry in which the Company operates.

Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses” (Issued June 2016)

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” to introduce new guidance for the accounting for credit losses on instruments within its scope. ASU 2016-13 requires among other things, the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material impact on its financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

(a) Disclosure controls and procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d — 15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due to the inherent limitations of control systems, not all misstatements may be detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. Our controls and procedures can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the above objectives have been met.

The Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of December 31, 2022, are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The Company is, and from time to time may become, involved in legal proceedings, in most cases involving ordinary and routine claims incidental to its business. Management cannot estimate with certainty the Company’s ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to any such pending litigation matters. However, management believes, based on its examination of such matters, that the Company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to the Company, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Information relating to our ongoing legal proceedings is described in Note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors contained in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended March 31, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

(a) None

(b) None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None

Item 6. Exhibits.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.