Emmaus Life Sciences, Inc. - Annual Report: 2013 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(mark one)

x Annual Report Pursuant To Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013

or

¨ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from _______________ to _______________

Commission file number 000-26285

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

85 Enterprise, Suite 410

Aliso Viejo, California 92656

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)

(949) 420-4400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

Common Stock, $0.001 par value

(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes     ¨                       No      x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes     ¨                       No      x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes     x                       No      ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes     x                         No     ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.)

Yes     ¨                       No      x

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on March 31, 2013, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter was $6,066,000 (calculated based on the price at which the registrant's common stock was last sold on that date).

As of December 20, 2013, the registrant had 96,062,942 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value, issued and outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement or an amendment to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, to be filed on or before January 31, 2014, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report.

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

2013 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business,” contain “forward-looking statements” that include information relating to future events, future financial performance, strategies, expectations, competitive environment, regulation and availability of resources.  These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding: proposed new products or services; our statements concerning litigation or other matters; statements concerning projections, predictions, expectations, estimates or forecasts for our business, financial and operating results and future economic performance; statements of management’s goals and objectives; trends affecting our financial condition, results of operations or future prospects; our financing plans or growth strategies; and other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts.  Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes” and “estimates” and similar expressions, as well as statements in future tense, identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by which, that performance or those results will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time they are made and/or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause these differences include, but are not limited to:

Additional risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be different from those expressed or implied in our written or oral forward-looking statements may be found under “Risk Factors” contained in this Annual Report.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws.  If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

ITEM 1. Business

With respect to this discussion, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “CNS” and the “Company” refer to CNS Response, Inc., a Delaware corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries CNS Response, Inc., a California corporation (“CNS California”), Colorado CNS Response, Inc., a Colorado corporation (“CNS Colorado”) and Neuro-Therapy Clinic, Inc., a Colorado corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of CNS Colorado (“NTC”).

Introduction

We are a clinical decision support company with a patented commercial neurometric platform to predict drug response for the treatment of brain disorders, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (“PTSD”).  We have commenced a reimbursed 2,000 patient trial at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (“Walter Reed”) and Fort Belvoir Community Hospital (“Fort Belvoir”) focused on patients with depression, PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury (“mTBI”) in order to support clinical decisions in the treatment of depression and related disorders.  We will be reimbursed by Walter Reed at a study-specific rate which includes a prorated element for study expenses, for each Psychiatric Electroencephalographic Evaluation Registry (“PEER”) Outcome report rendered in the study.

The Challenge and the Opportunity

Psychotropic medications have become the dominant treatment for mild to severe mental disorders, with over 400% growth in the antidepressant medication class over the last two decades. But research has emerged during this time that challenges their efficacy, documenting that these medications often do not work or lose their effect over time. Over 17 million Americans who have failed two or more medication treatments are now considered “treatment-resistant.” For these patients, the conventional “trial and error” method of prescribing psychotropic drugs has resulted in low efficacy, high relapse rates, high treatment discontinuation rates, significant patient suffering and billions of dollars in additional healthcare costs to payers.

There is no objective test to guide prescribing in psychiatry. Consequently, because of the lack of objective neurophysiology data available to physicians, the underlying pathology and physiology of behavioral disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, addiction, anxiety disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are often not analyzed effectively by treating physicians. Doctors are often forced to make prescription decisions based only on incomplete symptomatic factors. As a result, treatment is often ineffective, costly and may require multiple courses of treatment before the effective medications are identified, if at all. The use of Quantitative Electroencephalography (“QEEG”) to predict medication outcomes has been well established in over 82 studies involving over 2,000 patients. PEER technology has since been used as adjunctive information by physicians treating behavioral disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, eating disorders including anorexia, addiction, anxiety disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (“OCD”) and others.

Our neurometric database correlates medication outcomes with objective neurophysiology data provided by an ordinary electroencephalograph (“EEG”) for an individual. Our founding physicians developed this tool to reduce trial and error and thereby improve pharmacotherapy outcomes, particularly in treatment-resistant patients, a particularly expensive patient population with profound unmet clinical needs. This approach, commonly referred to as “Personalized Medicine”, is in the process of transforming both clinical practice and the pharmaceutical industry. The Company brings this science to behavioral medicine, where the unmet clinical need is well-documented, expensive and growing.

Walter Reed PEER trial

In our path to clinical adoption, we have commenced a 2,000 subject clinical trial, led by Walter Reed, designed to generate real-world, generalizable evidence with a significant statistical sample.  The performance of pharmacotherapy in military mental healthcare has been the focus of significant media and legislative debate; as military healthcare organizations have fully adopted electronic medical records, are transparent and are committed at the highest levels to improving pharmacotherapy outcomes, we believe they are the perfect demonstration market for PEER technology.

The Walter Reed PEER trial is designed as a randomized, double-blind, multi-site controlled clinical trial for military patients with a primary diagnosis of depression, and comorbid diagnoses such as PTSD, mTBI, bipolar disorder, ADHD and substance abuse. Walter Reed is acting as the lead site and Principal Investigator, with additional sites including Fort Belvoir, which is actively participating, the Boston region of the Veterans Administration and other sites which are expected to join the study. Its primary prospective endpoint will be a change from baseline using the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomology Self Report (QIDS-SR) scale in the study group when compared with the control group. Additional endpoints include suicidality conducted on the Concise Health Risk Tracking scale (CHRT”), the PTSD Checklist (PCL-C), achievement of Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI) and psychiatric adverse events. A post-hoc analysis will be performed to evaluate the predictiveness of the database for the full population, including the control subjects (i.e. did the physicians, in both the study and control groups, whose prescriptions matched medications rated highly in the PEER Reports do better than physicians whose prescriptions did not match up with the medications rated highly by the reports).

The Walter Reed PEER trial is designed to produce reportable results at several points during its course.  Interim results will be announced when the study is 10%, 25%, and 50% complete, and at such times as there are other statistically significant findings which are likely to be published.  Accordingly, during 2014 a series of military-related announcements relative to the clinical trial are expected to drive increased awareness and interest in PEER technology.  The company intends to translate such interest into accelerated military recruiting for the current trial, and increased referrals to the PEER Network for non-military patients.  

Based on its six-month review of the protocol in 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) Center for Devices concluded the trial to be a Non-Significant Risk trial that does not require an Investigational Device Exemption (“IDE”) review.

Accordingly, this major trial serves a number of purposes.  

PEER Technology

We believe that our technology offers an improvement over traditional methods for evaluating pharmacotherapy options in patients suffering from non-psychotic behavioral disorders, because our technology is designed to correlate the success of courses of medication with the neurophysiological characteristics of a particular patient. Our technology provides medical professionals with medication sensitivity data for a subject patient based upon the identification and correlation of treatment outcome information from other patients with similar neurophysiologic characteristics. This treatment outcome information is contained in what we believe to be the largest outcomes database for mental health care pharmacotherapy; there are now over 36,000 outcomes within the database from over 9,600 unique patients with psychiatric or addictive problems. We refer to this database as the PEER Online database (formerly known as the “CNS Database”). For each patient in the PEER Online database, we have compiled neurophysiology data from EEG scans, symptoms and outcomes often across multiple treatments from multiple psychiatrists and other physicians. This patented technology, called PEER Online ^TM (based on a technology known as “Referenced-EEG®” or “rEEG®”), represents an innovative approach to prescribing effective medications for patients suffering from debilitating behavioral disorders.

PEER Outcome Reports

Our technology allows us to create and provide simple reports (“PEER Outcome Reports” or “PEER Reports”) to medical professionals that summarize historical treatment success of specific medications for those patients with similar neurometric brain patterns.

PEER Reports provide neither a diagnosis nor a specific treatment, but like all lab results, provide objective, evidence-based information to help the prescriber in their decision-making. With PEER Reports, physicians order a digital EEG for a patient, which is then referenced to the PEER Online database. By providing this reference correlation, an attending physician can better establish a treatment strategy with the knowledge of how other patients with similar brain function have previously responded to a myriad of treatment alternatives. Analysis of this complete data set yielded a platform of neurometric variables that have shown utility in characterizing patient response to diverse medications. This platform then allows a new patient to be characterized based on these neurometric variables and the database to be queried to understand the statistical response of patients with similar brain patterns to the medications currently in the database.

The development of pathophysiological markers as the new method for identifying the correct patient population to research is being encouraged by both the National Institute of Mental Health (“NIMH”) and the FDA.

Treatment Decisions Made by Licensed Professionals

We do not operate our own healthcare facilities, employ our own treating physician or provide medical advice or treatment for patients. Physicians who contract for our PEER Reports own their own facilities or professional licenses and control and are responsible for the clinical activities provided on their premises. Patients receive medical care in accordance with orders from their attending physicians or providers. Physicians who contract for PEER Reports are responsible for exercising their independent medical judgment in determining the specific application of the information contained in the PEER Reports and the appropriate course of care for each patient. Following the prescription of any medication, physicians are presumed to administer and provide continuing care treatment.

The PEER Process

The service works as follows:

Product Evolution

Referenced-EEG (rEEG®), the Company’s original product, was developed by a pathologist and a psychiatrist who recognized that correlation of a patient’s unique brain patterns to known long-term medication outcomes of similar patients might significantly improve therapeutic performance.

PEER Online®: In 2011, the Company introduced a fundamentally new approach to its product, publishing its physician outcome registry to the web and providing online access to methodology, raw data, and individual medication analyses — PEER Outcome Reports — for researchers and clinicians who use EEG in their practice. PEER Outcome Reports are offered as a neurometric service, in which QEEG readings are referenced to an outcome registry database to identify patient-specific probabilities of response to different medications. EEG recording devices are widely available, inexpensive to lease and are available in most major cities by independent mobile EEG providers.

PEER Interactive: Commencing in May 2013, the U.S. military began a 2,000 subject clinical study of PEER Interactive, a significantly updated and automated version of PEER Online.

PEER Evidence

The correlation of QEEG variables with individual medication outcomes has become a well-established scientific principle over the past two decades, as documented in over 82 studies involving over 2,000 patients.

Depression Efficacy Study:  Over the last few years, we have been primarily focused on demonstrating the efficacy of PEER Report informed treatments through multiple clinical trials. The largest of these — the Depression Efficacy Trial — was a multi-center, randomized, parallel controlled trial completed in 2009 at 12 academic and commercial sites, including Harvard, Stanford, Cornell, University of California Irvine and Rush. The study began in late 2007 and was completed in September 2009, screening 465 potential subjects with Treatment-Resistant Depression and ultimately randomizing 114 participants to a 12-week course of treatment utilizing PEER Reports in the experimental group and a modified STAR*D algorithm in the control group (STAR*D, or Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression, was a large, seven-year study sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health and completed in 2006). Primary clinical outcome measures included the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomology (QIDS-16-SR) and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LESQ-SF). Top-line results were consistent with previous trials of PEER Reports:

Commercial Payer Analysis:   During 2011, a retrospective analysis was conducted of physician reports and health records of patients who were members of several of the Nation’s largest managed care networks. The results were published in Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, the journal of the International Neuropsychiatric Association (“INA”). The paper entitled “Measuring Severe Adverse Events and Medication Selection Using A “PEER Report” for Non-Psychotic Patients: A Retrospective Chart Review” was authored by Daniel Hoffman M.D. of the Neuro-Therapy Clinic, Charles DeBattista M.D. of the Stanford University School of Medicine, Rob Valuck, Ph.D. from the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and Dan Iosifescu, M.D. of the Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Harvard University Faculty. The analysis of 257 evaluable patient records for the period starting in 2003 through mid-2011 represents cases in which the prescribers utilized PEER Outcome Reports for these patients. The analysis found that prescribers using the PEER Outcomes reported reduced trial-and-error pharmacotherapy through the following findings:

Medco Analysis:   In 2011, the Company signed an agreement with Medco Health Services Inc. to analyze historical PEER Outcome results in terms of Medco drug and healthcare claims datasets. Approximately 2,200 matching records were analyzed, yielding about 211 patients for whom 365 days of continuous claim data were available before and after the test. Based on these data, consultants for CNS Response assessed the performance of physicians before and after testing. Findings include:

Medco Research performed an analysis of this tested group against a control cohort of patients in its database matched by age, sex, disease-chronicity and prescription profile.

Eating Disorders Study:   In November 2011, we published in Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, the journal of the International Neuropsychiatric Association (“INA”), a paper entitled “Retrospective Chart Review of a Referenced EEG Database in Assisting Medication Selection for Treatment of Depression in Patients with Eating Disorders.” The physicians reviewed two-year pre-treatment data and between two- to five-year follow-up data, found that study patients experienced significantly decreased depressive symptoms and overall 53 percent fewer hospitalization days, which significantly reduced overall healthcare costs. In addition, according to the study, the wide variety of medications successfully used to treat study patients suggests there is no single class of medications for treating eating disorders. Instead, by developing individual treatment regimens, correlated to a patient’s unique neurophysiology, physicians were able to achieve significant reductions in trial-and-error practice. The subjects had previously failed an average of 5.7 medications over an average of nine years.

The study group focused on 22 eating disorders patients with a median age of 21 years. The average age of onset of eating disorders symptoms was 15.6 years. The primary comorbid diagnosis for each patient included either major depressive disorder (MDD) for 18 (82%) of the patients or bipolar disorder for four (18%) of the patients. Additionally, 12 individuals were diagnosed with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), three with attention deficit disorder (ADHD), five with past alcohol abuse/dependence, six with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and one with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). According to the study:

Polypharmacy Paper:   We published an additional paper in Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, the journal of the INA entitled “Polypharmacy or Medication Washout: An Old Tool Revisited”. The paper includes a comparison of the advantages and risks from using medication washout compared to polypharmacy with treatment-resistant patients. Polypharmacy is a common medical practice in which physicians prescribe additional psychiatric medications on top of previous medications already being used for a patient. This can result in patients being on too many drugs with the potential for harmful side effects. When done appropriately, washing medications out of select patients can be valuable in supporting better patient diagnosis and assessing medication needs, and can reduce the risks resulting from unknown drug interactions. While some patients will still need more than one medication as part of their treatment regimen, the ultimate goal is to determine which medications are necessary and effective for an individual patient. The paper highlights previous study findings and current data related to medication washout and polypharmacy, including:

The Market for PEER Reports

Currently, the wholesale (direct to physician) price for standard PEER testing is $400 per test, and the retail (payer and consumer) price is approximately $800. Thus far, payments to us have typically been from psychiatrists whose patients pay privately for the PEER Outcome Report. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) estimates that only 12.7% of patients receive minimally effective treatment, with over 17 million Americans now classified as “treatment-resistant”, meaning that they have failed to find relief after trying two or more medications. Assuming a $600 average selling price (ASP) and an addressable market of 25% of treatment-resistant patients, we estimate a U.S. commercial market size of approximately $2.7 billion annually.

We see three distinct but complementary market segments in the United States for PEER Reports.

Military: military mental healthcare combines patient, provider, and payer in a single enterprise. Because of its visibility and capital efficiency, the military will be the first large-scale addressable market for PEER. It is the Company’s intention to derive both clinical and pharmaco-economic data from the Walter Reed PEER Trial to TriCare, the VA, and the Department of Defense which support military-wide adoption of PEER Interactive.

Payer: traditional challenge for any new medical technology is the achievement of sustained reimbursement. As a result of Mental Health Parity legislation passed in 2008, EEG tests are now being regularly reimbursed by most U.S. healthcare payers. Final regulations and enforcement rules for Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (“MHPEA”) were published in November 2013, and will become fully effective in July 2014. The regulations reinforce the principle under MHPEA that health plans cannot refuse to pay for specific mental health treatments and services, or restrict access to such services through copays or selective provider networks, in any way that is different from the services they pay for under the medical plan. Practically, this means that reimbursement for EEG services is probable, as EEG testing is currently paid for under medical plans for Neurological indications.  Likewise, for the PEER Report, health plans will be required to provide evidence for any claim denials and affirmatively demonstrate that such denials use the same criteria in mental health as in physical health.  Accordingly, we believe these final rules will be a significant benefit for physicians and consumers, as fully one-half of the retail cost of a PEER Report (approximately $400) is now covered under most health insurance plans. Importantly, patients who have failed on two or more medications continue to be a significant cost driver for payers, adding approximately $8,500 in medical losses per patient per year. Accordingly, we are encouraging the adoption by payers pursuing their own economic self-interest. It is the Company’s present intention to submit both clinical and pharmaco-economic results from the Walter Reed PEER trial to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and commercial payers, to seek reimbursement for PEER Outcome Reports.

Subject to capital availability, the Company expects to provide turnkey support to its physician network in the performance and provisioning of EEG tests, by providing equipment, technical support, billing and reimbursement services to physician offices.   

Consumer: The end client for all pharmacotherapies is the consumer, which is why pharmaceutical firms have spent approximately $5.5 billion annually to reach them through direct to consumer advertising. During 2013, the Company had several limited but successful instances of retelling its story to general media, including appearances on Fox News, Varney & Company, Bloomberg TV, BNN and CTV.  Articles were also published in the Wall Street Journal, Military Times, Washington Post, Stars & Stripes, and the Associated Press.   The Company also developed a significant social media presence through Twitter and Facebook.   Overall, these appearances and social media initiatives generated significant incremental traffic to the Company’s website and referrals to the PEER Network.

We will seek to encourage media coverage of our trial at Walter Reed and other physician success stories, and we will use that growing awareness to channel inquiries to PEER Network physicians.

Global market opportunity: In the United States, it is estimated that approximately one quarter of adults are diagnosed in a given year for one or more mental disorders, and 16% of adults will experience major depression disorder in their lifetime. These results are, in fact, common to most developed countries: a study published by the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology reported that 165 million (38%) of Europeans are plagued by mental and neurological disorders, which have become Europe’s largest health challenge according to the study authors.

We are currently exploring opportunities in Canada, Europe and Australia through partnerships that we have not yet established.

PEER Online Technology in Pharmaceutical Development

In addition to its utility in providing psychiatrists and other physicians/prescribers with medication sensitivity data, our PEER Online technology provides us with significant opportunities in the area of pharmaceutical development. Our PEER Online™ technology, in combination with the information contained in the PEER Online database, offers the potential to enable the identification of novel uses for neuropsychiatric medications currently on the market and in late stages of clinical development, as well as in aiding the identification of neurophysiologic characteristics of clinical subjects that may be successfully treated with neuropsychiatric medications in the clinical testing stage. We will explore opportunities with established drug and biotechnology companies to further explore these opportunities, although we have not entered into any arrangements or agreements to date and no relationships are currently contemplated. In the future, we aim to use our proprietary data and processes to advance central nervous system (CNS) pharmaceutical development and economics, in one or more of the following ways:

Research & Development

We plan to continue to enhance, refine and improve the accuracy of our PEER Online database and PEER Outcome Reports through expansion of the number of medications covered by our PEER Reports, expansion of our neurometrics, refinement of our report generating system, and by reducing the time to turnaround a report to the physician. Research and Product Development expenses during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were $1,287,400 and $853,700 respectively.

Intellectual Property

PEER Online Patent

  We have twenty-two issued patents, of which nine are in the U.S., which cover the process involved in our PEER Online service. Our patents are valid until between September 2017 and July 2022. In addition, we believe these patents cover the analytical methodology we use with any form of neurophysiology measurement including SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography), fMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PET (Positron Emission Tomography), CAT (Computerized Axial Tomography), and MEG (Magnetoencephalography). We do not currently have data on the use of such alternate measurements, but we believe they may, in the future, prove to be useful to guide therapy in a manner similar to referenced-EEG. We have been issued patents in the following countries and regions: Canada (three patents), Europe (two patents), Australia (three patents), Mexico (two patents), Japan (two patents) and Israel (one patent). We also have filed multiple additional patent applications for our technology in the U.S., Europe, Canada, Japan and Mexico.

One of our recent US patent approvals was for a distinctly new patent estate, covering internet transmission of neurometric information. This new allowance under its basic methods patent portfolio, file number CNSR-09318, covers remote or web-based transmission of neurometric data. In the event that use of neurometric data or algorithms becomes widespread, this patent could make it necessary for major equipment manufacturers to license rights from the Company in order to transmit such information for use in medication response prediction.

During 2009 and 2011, we were awarded additional process patents for use of PEER Online technology in drug discovery, including clinical trial and drug efficacy studies. In addition, we successfully defended our patents by requesting reexamination of a patent issued to Aspect Medical (acquired by Covidien, plc.), resulting in a reduction and narrowing of claims awarded under the previously issued Aspect Medical patents.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

CNS Response has filed patent applications in the U.S. and Canada related to the company's acquisition of patient responsivity data for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (“TMS”). This would be the Company's first application for a neurometric predictor of a non-drug therapy. The Company anticipates using this methodology to help physicians better understand which patients may positively respond to TMS for treating depression. The U.S. and Canadian patent applications are entitled “Method for Assessing the Susceptibility of a Human Individual Suffering from a Psychiatric or Neurological Disorder to Neuromodulation Treatment.”

TMS is a non-invasive outpatient procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate areas of the brain thought to control mood. TMS, which is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and offered approximately 300 psychiatrists nationwide, is sometimes used as an alternative treatment for patients who have failed one or more antidepressants for the treatment of depression. While treatment periods vary by patient, a typical treatment regime generally involves 20 to 30 treatments over a four to six week period.

TMS responsivity data, which is based on a QEEG, helps physicians learn how patients with similar EEG patterns responded to TMS, thereby enabling them to more effectively guide patients most likely to benefit from this treatment and reduce expenditures on patients for whom TMS is not likely to be an effective solution for their depression.

TMS Response Study:  In February 2012, results from a study of EEG prediction of TMS responsivity were published by Dr. Martijn Arns in the peer-reviewed journal Brain Stimulation. “Neurophysiological predictors of non-response to rTMS in depression” presents results of a multi-site clinical trial (n=90) in the Netherlands using several CNSO variables (iAPF, Theta and P300 amplitude) associated with non-response to TMS therapy. Use of these combined neurometrics in a discriminant analysis resulted in a reliable identification of non-responders with low false positive rates. Replication studies are currently being planned in both the Netherlands and the United States.

Trademarks

“Referenced-EEG” and “rEEG” are registered trademarks of CNS California in the United States. We will continue to expand our brand names and our proprietary trademarks worldwide as our operations expand. We have trademarked PEER Online and PEER Outcome Reports and expect that they will be registered in due course by the United States Patent and Office.

PEER Online Database

The PEER Online database consists of over 36,000 clinical outcomes for over 9,600 unique patients with psychiatric or addictive problems. The PEER Online database is maintained in two parts:

1.  The QEEG Database

The QEEG Database includes EEG recordings and neurometric data derived from analysis of these recordings. QEEG is a standard measure that adds modern computer and statistical analyses to traditional EEG studies. We utilize two separate QEEG databases which provide statistical and normative information in the PEER Outcome Report process.

2.  The PEER Outcomes Database

The PEER Outcomes Database consists of physician provided assessments of the clinical long-term outcomes of patients and their associated medications. The clinical outcomes of patients are recorded using an industry-standard outcome rating scale, the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale (“CGI-I”). The CGI-I requires a clinician to rate how much the patient’s illness has improved or worsened relative to a baseline state. A patient’s illness is compared to change over time and rated as: very much improved, much improved, minimally improved, no change, minimally worse, much worse, or very much worse.

The format of the data is standardized and that standard is enforced at the time of capture by a software application. Outcome data is input into the database by the treating physician or in some cases, their office staff. Each Physician has access to his/her own patient data through the software tool that captures clinical outcome data.

We consider the information contained in the PEER Online database to be a valuable trade secret and are diligent about protecting such information. The PEER Online database is stored on a secure server to which only a limited number of employees have access.

Competition

Although we are not aware of any company that offers a service directly comparable to PEER Online services, the following companies might be noted as pursuing similar strategies:

Government Regulation

In 2008, the FDA informed us that it believes our rEEG service, and its successor, now called PEER Online, constitutes a medical device which is subject to regulation by the FDA, requiring pre-market approval or 510(k) clearance by the FDA pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the “Act”) before our service can be marketed or sold.

In early 2010, based upon written guidance from the FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health (“Center”), we submitted an application to obtain 510(k) clearance for our rEEG service, without waiving our right to continue to take the position that our services do not constitute a medical device. We sought review of our rEEG service, based upon its equivalence to predicate devices that already have FDA clearance, which appeared to represent a sound mechanism in order to reduce regulatory risks.

On July 27, 2010, we received a letter (the “NSE Letter”) from the FDA stating that they determined that our rEEG service was Not Substantially Equivalent (“NSE”) to the predicate devices that had previously been granted 510(k) clearance and that among other options we could be required to file a premarket approval application (PMA) and obtain approval before our rEEG service can be marketed legally, unless it is otherwise reclassified. The Company has filed an appeal for reconsideration of this finding based on material product modifications and additional evidence. For example, the Company received in June 2011, a response to its outstanding Freedom of Information Act request for original copies of the predicate filings, which the Company believes confirms its position that the predicate devices were cleared for the same intended use as the rEEG service.

In December 2010, and again in September 2011, the Company met with Center officials to determine whether the FDA had or would soon be developing a regulatory pathway for clinical decision support services such as PEER. In the latter meeting, the Company provided a detailed outline of its PEER Outcome registry, a published, transparent repository of individual medication response reports which reference known electrophysiology variables. Application of these published data can be performed manually, much like tables in medical journals, and do not meet the traditional definition of a regulated medical device.

Following its September, 2011, meeting with Center officials, the Company successfully registered its PEER Outcome database as a Class I Exempt Device within the category of Medical Device Data System, Section 860.6310. Recently, the Company completed registration in California of its Class I MDDS, and as part of the approval process, hosted an on-site audit of its quality management systems and software validation processes. The State of California Department of Public Health, Food and Drug Branch, Device Manufacturing License was issued and received by the Company on December 23, 2013.

At the same time, the Company continued its engagement with Center staff over the potential for a regulatory pathway for PEER Online as a Class II medical device, based on the Center’s recommendation that military use of PEER Online move forward under an Investigational Device Exemption (“IDE”) in order to provide additional data to support a successful 510(k) filing. The Company submitted a protocol in November, 2011 for a multi-site clinical trial led by Walter Reed, to include several other sites, partnering with military physicians treating 2,000 patients diagnosed with mental health conditions such as depression, PTSD, mTBI and several other disorders.

In August 2012, the FDA issued a determination that the Walter Reed PEER Trial was considered a Non-Significant Risk (“NSR”) clinical trial and did not require an IDE application.

On November 30, 2012, Walter Reed’s Institutional Review Board (“IRB”) approved the protocol for research to be conducted at Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir. On January 23, 2013, the Company received a memorandum from the Commander of Walter Reed, which officially confirmed the approval of the protocol and permission to conduct the clinical trial. The project title of the clinical trial is “Use of PEER Interactive to inform the prescription of psychotropic medications to patients with behavioral disorders.” Subsequently, the same protocol was also approved by the IRB at Fort Belvoir.

The clinical trial is currently in progress at both Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir. At this time we cannot predict the results or the success of the trial until sufficient data has been gathered to make a statistical determination. We can offer no assurances that the FDA will not insist on pre-market approval in the future or that the data, which will be included in our future submissions to the FDA, will not raise any important new issues that could materially affect safety or effectiveness of our PEER Reports.

We currently intend to continue marketing as a cloud-based neurometric information service branded as PEER Online, under our Class I registration, while we continue to pursue the military trial and consider submission of a Class II device premarket application.  If we continue to market PEER Online and the FDA determines that we should be subject to further FDA regulation, it could seek enforcement action against us based upon its position that our PEER Online product represents a Class II medical device, as a result of which we could be forced to cease our marketing activities and pay fines and penalties, which would have a material adverse impact on us.

In addition to the foregoing, federal and state laws and regulations relating to the sale of our neurometric services are subject to future changes, as are administrative interpretations of regulatory agencies. In the event that federal and state laws and regulations change, we may need to incur additional costs to seek government approvals for the sale of our neurometric services.

In the future, we may seek approval for medications or combinations of medications for new indications, either with corporate partners, or potentially, on our own. The development and commercialization of medications for new indications is subject to extensive regulation by the U.S. Federal government, principally through the FDA and other federal, state and governmental authorities elsewhere. Prior to marketing any central nervous system medication, and in many cases prior to being able to successfully partner a central nervous system medication, we will have to conduct extensive clinical trials at our own expense to determine safety and efficacy of the indication that we are pursuing.

Environmental Compliance

The Company’s operations are cloud-based, involve software algorithms and are administrative in nature. Therefore, the Company believes that there are no compliance issues associated with applicable environmental laws and regulations that would have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Employees

As of September 30, 2013, our Neurometric Services operation had seven full-time and three part-time independent contractors. We believe that our relations with our employees are good. None of our employees belong to a union.

Corporate Background

The Company was incorporated in Delaware on March 20, 1987, under the name Age Research, Inc. Prior to January 16, 2007, the Company (then called Strativation, Inc.) existed as a “shell company” with nominal assets whose sole business was to identify, evaluate and investigate various companies to acquire or with which to merge. On January 16, 2007, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with CNS Response, Inc., a California corporation formed on January 11, 2000 (“CNS California”), and CNS Merger Corporation, a California corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary (“MergerCo”) pursuant to which we agreed to acquire CNS California in a merger transaction wherein MergerCo would merge with and into CNS California, with CNS California being the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). On March 7, 2007, the Merger closed, CNS California became our wholly-owned subsidiary, and on the same date we changed our corporate name from Strativation, Inc. to CNS Response, Inc. The Company actively operates its businesses through CNS Response, Inc. (California) and, until September 30, 2012, also operated the Neuro-Therapy Clinic, Inc. (“NTC”), which was acquired in January 2008.

In January 2008, we acquired NTC which was our largest customer at that time. Upon the completion of the transaction, NTC became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. We discontinued the operations of NTC effective September 30, 2012, as the Company chose to focus its limited cash resources on the clinical trial at Walter Reed. Consequently, NTC is accounted for as a discontinued operation.

Our address is 85 Enterprise, Suite 410, Aliso Viejo, California 92656, our telephone number is (949) 420-4400 and we maintain a website at www.CNSResponse.com. The reference to our web address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained at this site.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors 

INVESTING IN CNS RESPONSE, INC. INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK.  YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING RISK FACTORS AND ALL OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT BEFORE PURCHASING OUR COMMON STOCK. THE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES DESCRIBED BELOW ARE NOT THE ONLY ONES FACING US. ADDITIONAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT WE ARE UNAWARE OF, OR THAT WE CURRENTLY DEEM IMMATERIAL, ALSO MAY BECOME IMPORTANT FACTORS THAT AFFECT US. IF ANY OF THE FOLLOWING RISKS OCCUR, OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION OR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COULD BE MATERIALLY AND ADVERSELY AFFECTED. IN THAT CASE, THE TRADING PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK COULD DECLINE, AND YOU MAY LOSE SOME OR ALL OF THE MONEY YOU PAID TO PURCHASE OUR COMMON STOCK.

Risks Related to Our Company

We need immediate additional funding to support our operations and capital expenditures, which may not be available to us. This lack of availability could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our continued operating losses and limited capital raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We have not generated significant revenues or become profitable, may never do so and may not generate sufficient working capital to cover costs of operations. Our continued operating losses and limited capital raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We are unable to pay other obligations as they become due and are in arrears on paying most of our creditors. We are insolvent and need additional funds immediately to continue our operations. Until we can generate a sufficient amount of revenues to finance our operations and capital expenditures, we are required to finance our cash needs primarily through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, borrowings or strategic collaborations. As of September 30, 2013 we had approximately $1.27 million in cash and cash equivalents at hand. We raised an additional $475,000 in a private placement of stock at $0.25 per share between October 4, 2013 and November 14, 2013. As of December 20, 2013 we had approximately $729,200 in cash and cash equivalents on hand. We will therefore need additional funds to continue our operations and will need substantial additional funds before we can increase demand for our PEER Online services. We are currently exploring additional sources of capital; however, we do not know whether additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all, especially given the economic conditions that currently prevail. In addition, any additional equity funding may result in significant dilution to existing stockholders, and, if we incur additional debt financing, a substantial portion of our operating cash flow may be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on such indebtedness, thus limiting funds available for our business activities. If adequate funds are not available, it would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and/or results of operations and could cause us to be required to cease operations. Our financial statements include an opinion of our auditors that our continued operating losses and limited capital raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as an ongoing concern.

Our liabilities exceed our assets; we have a working capital deficit.
 

As of September 30, 2013, we had liabilities of $3.56 million and assets of only $1.40 million. We had a working capital deficiency of $2.16 million. As of September 30, 2013, all our previously outstanding convertible notes were converted to equity. The assets of the Company are no longer encumbered by any outstanding debt.

We have a history of operating losses.

We are a company with a limited operating history. Since our inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. As of September 30, 2013, our accumulated deficit was approximately $56.6 million. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, such as the risk factors described in this section, including our ability to maintain our existing cost structure and to execute our business and strategic plans as currently conceived. Even if we achieve profitability, we may be unable to maintain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. 

If our PEER Reports do not gain widespread market acceptance, we will not sell adequate services to maintain our operations.

We have developed a methodology that aids psychiatrists and other physicians in selecting appropriate and effective medications for patients with certain behavioral or addictive disorders based on physiological traits of the patient’s brain and information contained in a proprietary database that has been developed over the last twenty years. We began selling reports, referred to as rEEG Reports, based on our methodology in 2000; these reports have since been rebranded as PEER Outcome Reports. To date, we have not received widespread market acceptance of the usefulness of our PEER Reports in helping psychiatrists and other physicians inform their treatment strategies for patients suffering from behavioral and/or addictive disorders and we currently rely on a limited number of employees to market and promote our PEER Reports. To grow our business, we will need to develop and introduce new sales and marketing programs and clinical education programs to promote the use of our PEER Reports by psychiatrists and other physicians and hire additional employees for this purpose. If we do not implement these new sales and marketing and education programs in a timely and successful manner, we may not be able to achieve the level of market awareness and sales required to expand our business, which could also negatively impact our stock price.

Our PEER Reports may not be as effective as we believe them to be, which could limit or prevent us from growing our revenues. If the results of our Walter Reed PEER trial are not significant, we may not be able to continue to fund our development efforts.

Our belief in the efficacy of our PEER Online technology is based on a limited number of studies. Such results may not be statistically significant and may not be indicative of the long-term future efficacy of the information we provide. Controlled scientific studies, including those that have already been announced and that are planned for the future, may yield results that are unfavorable or demonstrate that our services, including our PEER Reports, are not clinically useful. While we have not experienced such problems to date, if the initially indicated results cannot be successfully replicated or maintained over time, utilization of services based on our PEER Online technology, including the delivery of our PEER Reports, may not increase as we anticipate, which would harm our operating results and stock price. In addition, if we fail to upgrade our PEER Online database to account for new medications that are now available on the market, psychiatrists and other physicians may be less inclined to utilize our services if they believe that our reports only provide information about older treatment options, which would further harm our operating results and stock price. We have recently begun enrolling patients in our Walter Reed PEER trial. The trial is designed as a double-blind trial for military patients with a primary diagnosis of depression, among other things.  We do not expect that we will have preliminary data from the trial for at least four months and we do not know currently whether we will achieve successful results.  There are many factors beyond our control that could affect the success of the Walter Reed trial, including difficulty in registering subjects, failures of investigators to follow the proper protocol, external factors affecting patient health, among others.  If we fail to receive significant positive results, doctors would likely not be willing to use our services and our ability to generate revenue and to continue the PEER Online program could be limited.   

The FDA believes that rEEG and, potentially, our PEER Online service, constitute a medical device, which is subject to regulation by the FDA. As we continue to market our PEER Online service, there is risk that the FDA will commence an enforcement action against us. The FDA has informed us that our marketing of our rEEG services without prior approval or re-classification by the FDA constitutes a violation of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.

Since April of 2008, we have been engaged in discussions with the FDA regarding its position that our rEEG service and its successor, now called PEER Online, constitutes a medical device which is subject to regulation by the FDA. On April 10, 2008, we received correspondence from the FDA in which the FDA indicated it believed, based in part on the combination of certain marketing statements it read on our website, together with the delivery of our rEEG Reports, that we were selling a software product to aid in diagnosis, which constituted a “medical device” requiring pre-market approval or 510(k) clearance by the FDA pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the “Act”). We responded to the FDA on April 24, 2008, indicating that we believed it had incorrectly understood our product offering and further clarified that our rEEG services are not diagnostic and thus, for this as well as other reasons, do not constitute a medical device. On December 14, 2008, the FDA again made contact with us and indicated that, based upon its review of our description of our intended use of the rEEG Reports on our website, it continued to maintain that our rEEG service met its definition of a medical device. In response to the FDA communications, we made a number of changes to our website and other marketing documents to reflect that rEEG is a service to aid in medication selection and is not an aid to diagnosis. On September 4, 2009, through our regulatory counsel, we responded to the December 14, 2008 FDA letter explaining our position in more detail.

During the intervening period of time, based upon written guidance from the FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health (“Center”), we chose to submit an application to obtain 510(k) clearance for our rEEG service, without waiving our right to continue to take the position that our services do not constitute a medical device. We sought review of our rEEG service based upon its equivalence to predicate devices that already have FDA clearance which appeared to represent a sound mechanism to reduce regulatory risks.

On July 27, 2010, we received a NSE Letter from the FDA stating that they determined that our rEEG service was not substantially equivalent to the predicate devices that had previously been granted 510(k) clearance and that among other options we could be required to file an approved premarket approval application (PMA) before it can be marketed legally, unless it is otherwise reclassified. The company has filed an appeal for reconsideration of this finding based on material product modifications and additional evidence. For example, the Company received in June 2011 a response to its outstanding Freedom of Information Act request for original copies of the predicate filings, which the Company believes confirm its position that the predicate devices were cleared for the same intended use as the rEEG service.

In December 2010 and again in September 2011, the Company met with Center officials to determine whether FDA had or would soon be developing a coherent regulatory pathway for clinical decision support services such as PEER Reports. In 2011, the Company introduced its PEER Outcome database as a published, transparent repository of individual medication response reports which reference known electrophysiology variables.

Following a meeting with the FDA, the Company successfully registered its PEER Outcome database as a Class I Exempt Device within the category of Medical Device Data System, Section 860.6310.

The Company continued its engagement with Center staff over the potential for a regulatory pathway for PEER Online as a Class II medical device, based on the Center’s recommendation that military use of PEER Online move forward under an Investigational Device Exemption (“IDE”) in order to provide additional data to support a successful 510(k) filing.

In March 2012, the FDA responded to our proposal for a clinical trial of an Investigational Device, PEER Interactive, designed to support physicians in identifying the best treatments for certain mental illnesses. In response to the comments provided by the FDA, we revised the protocol to partner with military physicians treating 2,000 patients diagnosed with mental health conditions such as depression, PTSD, mTBI and several other disorders.

In August 2012, the FDA issued a determination that the Walter Reed PEER Trial was considered a Non-Significant Risk (NSR) clinical trial and did not require an IDE application.

On November 30, 2012, the Walter Reed IRB approved the protocol for research to be conducted at Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir. On January 23, 2013, the Company received a memorandum from the Commander of Walter Reed, which officially confirmed the approval of the protocol and permission to conduct the clinical trial. The project title of the clinical trial is “Use of PEER Interactive to inform the prescription of psychotropic medications to patients with behavioral disorders”. Subsequently, the same protocol was also approved by the IRB at Fort Belvoir.

The clinical trial is currently in progress at both Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir. At this time we cannot predict the results or the success of any trial, if and once completed. We can offer no assurances that the FDA will not insist on pre-market approval in the future, or that the data, which will be included in our future submissions to the FDA, do not raise any important new issues that could materially affect safety or effectiveness of our rEEG service.

 The inability of Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir to enroll sufficient subjects or the receipt of inconclusive results from our clinical trial would have a material adverse effect on our ability to expand our operations.

We currently intend to continue marketing as a non-device cloud-based neurometric service branded as PEER Outcome Reports, under our Class I registration, while we pursue the military clinical trial and consider submission of a Class II device premarket application in 2013. If we continue to market our PEER Outcomes and the FDA determines that we should be subject to further FDA regulation as a Class II medical device, it could seek enforcement action against us based upon its position that our PEER Outcome Reports constitute a medical device as a result of which we could be forced to cease our marketing activities and pay fines and penalties, which would have a material adverse impact on us.

In addition to the foregoing, federal and state laws and regulations relating to the sale of our neurometric services are subject to future changes, as are administrative interpretations of regulatory agencies. In the event that federal and state laws and regulations change, we may need to incur additional costs to seek government approvals for the sale of our neurometric services.

In the future, we may seek approval for medications or combinations of medications for new indications, either with corporate partners, or potentially, on our own. The development and commercialization of medications for new indications is subject to extensive regulation by the U.S. Federal government, principally through the FDA and other federal, state and governmental authorities elsewhere. Prior to marketing any central nervous system medication, and in many cases prior to being able to successfully partner a central nervous system medication, we will have to conduct extensive clinical trials at our own expense to determine safety and efficacy of the indication that we are pursuing.

If government and third-party payers fail to provide coverage and adequate payment rates for treatments that are guided by our PEER Reports, our revenue and prospects for profitability will be harmed.

Our future revenue growth will depend in part upon the availability of reimbursement from third-party payers for psychiatrists and other physicians who use our PEER Outcome Reports to guide the treatment of their patients. Such third-party payers include government health programs such as Medicare and Medicaid, managed care providers, private health insurers and other organizations. These third-party payers are increasingly attempting to contain healthcare costs by demanding price discounts or rebates and limiting both coverage on which procedures they will pay for and the amounts that they will pay for new procedures. As a result, they may not cover or provide adequate payment for treatments that are guided by our PEER Reports, which will discourage psychiatrists and other physicians from utilizing the information services we provide. We may need to conduct studies in addition to those we have already announced to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of treatments that are guided by our products and services to such payers’ satisfaction. Such studies might require us to commit a significant amount of management time and financial and other resources. Adequate third-party reimbursement might not be available to enable us to realize an appropriate return on investment in research and product development and the lack of such reimbursement could have a material adverse effect on our operations and could adversely affect our revenues and earnings.

Regulations are constantly changing and in the future, our business may be subject to additional regulations that will increase our compliance costs.

Federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to the sale of our PEER Outcome Reports are subject to future changes, as are administrative interpretations of regulatory agencies. If we fail to comply with applicable federal, state or foreign laws or regulations, we could be subject to enforcement actions, including injunctions that would prevent us from conducting our business, withdrawal of clearances or approvals and civil and criminal penalties. In the event that federal, state, and foreign laws and regulations change, we may need to incur additional costs to seek government approvals, in addition to the clearance we are currently seeking from the FDA (discussed above), in order to sell or market our PEER Online service. There is no guarantee that we will be able to obtain such approvals in a timely manner or at all, and as a result, our business would be significantly harmed.

Our operating results may fluctuate significantly and our stock price could decline or fluctuate if our results do not meet the expectation of analysts or investors.

Management expects that we will experience substantial variations in our operating results from quarter to quarter. We believe that the factors which influence this variability of quarterly results include, without limitation:

As a result of fluctuations in our revenue and operating expenses that may occur, management believes that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not a good indication of our future performance. It is possible that in some future quarter or quarters, our operating results will be below the expectations of securities analysts or investors. In that case, our common stock price could fluctuate significantly or decline.

If we do not maintain and expand our relationships in the psychiatric and physician community, our growth will be limited and our business could be harmed. If psychiatrists and other physicians do not recommend and endorse our products and services, we may be unable to increase our sales, and in such instances, our profitability would be harmed.

Our relationships with psychiatrists and other physicians are critical to the growth of our Neurometric Information Services business. We believe that these relationships are based on the quality and ease of use of our PEER Reports, our commitment to the behavioral health market, our marketing efforts and our presence at tradeshows. Any actual or perceived diminution in our reputation or the quality of our PEER Reports, or our failure or inability to maintain our commitment to the behavioral health market and our other marketing and product promotion efforts could damage our current relationships, or prevent us from forming new relationships, with psychiatrists and other physicians and cause our growth to be limited and our business to be harmed.

To sell our PEER Reports, psychiatric professionals must recommend and endorse them. We may not obtain the necessary recommendations or endorsements from this community. Acceptance of our PEER Reports depends on educating psychiatrists and other physicians as to the benefits, clinical efficacy, ease of use, revenue opportunity and cost-effectiveness of our PEER Reports and on training the medical community to properly understand and utilize our PEER Reports. If we are not successful in obtaining the recommendations or endorsements of psychiatrists and other physicians for our PEER Reports, we may be unable to increase our sales and profitability.

Negative publicity or unfavorable media coverage could damage our reputation and harm our operations.

In the event that the marketplace perceives our PEER Reports as not offering the benefits which we believe they offer, we may receive significant negative publicity. This publicity may result in litigation and increased regulation and governmental review. If we were to receive such negative publicity or unfavorable media attention, whether warranted or unwarranted, our ability to market our PEER Reports would be adversely affected, pharmaceutical companies may be reluctant to pursue strategic initiatives with us relating to the development of new products and services based on our PEER Online technology, we may be required to change our products and services and become subject to increased regulatory burdens and we may be required to pay large judgments or fines and incur significant legal expenses. Any combination of these factors could further increase our cost of doing business and adversely affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

If we do not successfully generate additional products and services from our patented methodology and proprietary database, or if such products and services are developed but not successfully commercialized, then we could lose revenue opportunities.

Our primary business is the sale of PEER Reports to psychiatrists and other physicians based on our PEER Online methodology and proprietary database. In the future, we may utilize our patented methodology and proprietary database to produce pharmaceutical advancements and developments. For instance, we may use our patented methodology and proprietary database to identify new medications that are promising in the treatment of behavioral health disorders, identify new uses of medications which have been previously approved and identify new patient populations that are responsive to medications in clinical trials that have previously failed to show efficacy in FDA approved clinical trials. The development of new pharmaceutical applications that are based on our patented methodology and proprietary database will be costly, since we will be subject to additional regulations, including the need to conduct expensive and time-consuming clinical trials.

In addition, to successfully monetize our pharmaceutical opportunity, we will need to enter into strategic alliances with biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies that have the ability to bring to market a medication, an ability which we currently do not have. We maintain no pharmaceutical manufacturing, marketing or sales organization, nor do we plan to build one in the foreseeable future. Therefore, we are reliant upon approaching and successfully negotiating attractive terms with a partner who has these capabilities. No guarantee can be made that we can do this on attractive terms, or even at all. If we are unable to find strategic partners for our pharmaceutical opportunity, our revenues may not grow as quickly as we desire, which could lower our stock price.

Our industry is highly competitive and we may not be able to compete successfully, which could result in price reductions and decreased demand for our products.

The healthcare business, in general, and the behavioral health treatment business in particular, are highly competitive. In the event that we are unable to convince physicians, psychiatrists and patients of the efficacy of our products and services, individuals seeking treatment for behavioral health disorders may seek alternative treatment methods, which could negatively impact our sales and profitability.

In the event that we pursue our pharmaceutical opportunities, we or any development partners that we partner with will likely need to conduct clinical trials. If such clinical trials are delayed or unsuccessful, it could have an adverse effect on our business.

We have no experience conducting clinical trials of psychiatric medications and in the event we conduct clinical trials, we will rely on outside parties, including academic investigators, outside consultants and will contract with research organizations to conduct these trials on our behalf. We will rely on these parties to assist in the recruitment of sites for participation in clinical trials, to maintain positive relations with these sites, and to ensure that these sites conduct the trials in accordance with the protocol and our instructions. If these parties renege on their obligations to us, our clinical trials may be delayed or unsuccessful.

In the event we conduct clinical trials, we cannot predict whether we will encounter problems that will cause us or regulatory authorities to delay or suspend our clinical trials or delay the analysis of data from our completed or ongoing clinical trials. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will be successful in reaching the endpoints in these trials, or if we do, that the FDA or other regulatory agencies will accept the results.

Any of the following factors, among others, could delay the completion of clinical trials, or result in a failure of these trials to support our business, which would have an adverse effect on our business:

If we determine that the costs associated with attaining regulatory approval of a product exceed the potential financial benefits or if the projected development timeline is inconsistent with our determination of when we need to get the product to market, we may choose to stop a clinical trial and/or development of a product.

We may fail to successfully manage and maintain the growth of our business, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

As we continue expanding our commercial operations, this expansion could place significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources. To manage future growth, we will need to continue to hire, train, and manage additional employees, particularly a specially-trained sales force to market our PEER Reports.

In addition, we have maintained a small financial and accounting staff and our reporting obligations as a public company, as well as our need to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations of the SEC will continue to place significant demands on our financial and accounting staff, on our financial, accounting and information systems and on our internal controls. As we grow, we will need to add additional accounting staff and continue to improve our financial, accounting and information systems and internal controls in order to fulfill our reporting responsibilities and to support expected growth in our business. Our current and planned personnel, systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our anticipated growth or management may not be able to effectively hire, train, retain, motivate and manage required personnel. Our failure to manage growth effectively could limit our ability to achieve our marketing and commercialization goals or to satisfy our reporting and other obligations as a public company.

We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property, which is the core of our business.

We consider the protection of our intellectual property to be important to our business prospects. We currently have twenty-one issued patents in U.S., as well as Australia, Canada, Europe, Israel, Japan and Mexico and we have also filed multiple additional patent applications in the United States and multiple foreign jurisdictions.

In the future, if we fail to file patent applications in a timely manner, fail to pay applicable maintenance fees on issued patents, or in the event we elect not to file a patent application because of the costs associated with patent prosecution, we may lose patent protection that we may have otherwise obtained. The loss of any proprietary rights which are obtainable under patent laws may result in the loss of a competitive advantage over present or potential competitors, with a resulting decrease in revenues and profitability for us.

With respect to the applications we have filed, there is no guarantee that the applications will result in issued patents, and further, any patents that do issue may be too narrow in scope to adequately protect our intellectual property and provide us with a competitive advantage. Competitors and others may design around aspects of our technology, or alternatively, may independently develop similar or more advanced technologies that fall outside the scope of our claimed subject matter, but that can be used in the treatment of behavioral health disorders.

In addition, even if we are issued additional patents covering our products, we cannot predict with any degree of certainty, whether or not we will be able to enforce our proprietary rights and whether our patents will provide us with adequate protection against competitors. We may be forced to engage in costly and time-consuming litigation or reexamination proceedings to protect our intellectual property rights and our opponents in such proceedings may have and be willing to expend, substantially greater resources than we are able to expend. In addition, the results of such proceedings may result in our patents being invalidated or reduced in scope. These developments could cause a decrease in our operating income and reduce our available cash flow, which could harm our business and cause our stock price to decline.

We also utilize processes and technology that constitute trade secrets, such as our PEER Online database and we must implement appropriate levels of security for those trade secrets to secure the protection of applicable laws, which we may not do effectively. In addition, the laws of many foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights as fully as the laws of the United States.

While we have not had any significant issues to date, the loss of any of our trade secrets or proprietary rights, which may be protected under the foregoing intellectual property safeguards may result in the loss of our competitive advantage over present and potential competitors.

Confidentiality agreements with employees, licensees and others may not adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary information.

In order to protect our proprietary technology and processes, we rely in part on confidentiality provisions in our agreements with employees, licensees, treating physicians and psychiatrists and others. These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of confidential information and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. Moreover, policing compliance with our confidentiality agreements and nondisclosure agreements and detecting unauthorized use of our technology is difficult and we may, therefore, be unable to determine whether piracy of our technology has actually occurred. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary information. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights and failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position.

We depend heavily upon secure access to, and secure transfer of data via, the internet in exchanging data with customers. Any security breaches could result in unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, our intellectual property and other confidential business information. We use third-party data centers and any damage to, or failure of, our central analytical database could adversely affect our ability to provide our services. For any of the foregoing or related reasons, customers may curtail or stop using our services and we may incur significant legal and financial exposure and liabilities.

We depend heavily on secure access to, and secure transfer of data via the internet in the generation of our PEER Outcome Reports and other data exchange with our customers. We rely on services provided by third parties to store, transmit and process data in our central neurometric database. Security breaches could expose us to a risk of losing data and result in litigation and possible liability. Security measures taken by us or by such third party service providers may be breached as a result of third party action, including intentional misconduct by computer hackers, employee error, malfeasance, fraud or otherwise, during transfer or processing of data or at any time and result in someone obtaining unauthorized access to sensitive patient information, our intellectual property, other confidential business information, or our information technology systems. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we or our third-party service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Any security breach could result in a loss of confidence in the security of our service, damage to our reputation, disruption to our business, could lead to legal liability and severely curtail future revenue.

In addition, any damage to, or failure of, our central neurometric database and the server on which it resides could result in interruptions in our ability to provide PEER Outcome Reports. Interruptions in our service may reduce our revenue, cause PEER Network providers to terminate their relationship with us and adversely affect our ability to attract new physicians to the PEER Network. Our business will also be harmed if our customers and potential customers believe our service is unreliable.

Because our service is complex and cloud based we rely on third-party data centers to store the data in our central neurometric database, our data and processes may be corrupted at some future time resulting in erroneous, defective or ineffective reports, which could result in unanticipated downtime in our service for PEER Network providers, resulting in harm to our reputation and our business. We do not control the operation of these facilities. While we take precautions such as (data redundancy, back-up and disaster recovery plans) to prevent service interruptions, our data centers are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, intentional bad acts, pandemics, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, war, terrorist attacks, power losses, hardware failures, systems failures, communications failures and similar events. The occurrence of a natural disaster or an act of terrorism, or vandalism or other misconduct, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in the availability of our central neurometric database. Since many physicians rely on our service to assist in treating their patients, any errors, defects, disruptions in service or other performance problems with our service could hurt our reputation and hurt the reputation of the physicians in our PEER Network. If that occurs, physicians could elect to terminate their relationship with us, or delay or withhold payment to us. We could lose future revenues or customers may make warranty or other claims against us, which could result in an increase in our provision for doubtful accounts, an increase in collection cycles for accounts receivable or the expense and risk of litigation and a reduction in revenue.

Security breaches, damages or failures of the sort described above would adversely affect our ability to market our PEER Reports. In addition, pharmaceutical companies may be reluctant to pursue strategic initiatives with us relating to the development of new products and services based on our PEER Online technology, we may be required to change our products and services and become subject to increased regulatory burdens and we may be required to pay large judgments or fines and incur significant legal expenses.

The liability of our directors and officers is limited.

The applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law and our Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws limit the liability of our directors to us and our stockholders for monetary damages for breaches of their fiduciary duties, with certain exceptions, and for other specified acts or omissions of such persons. In addition, the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law and of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, as well as indemnification agreements we have entered into with our directors, officers and certain other individuals, provide for indemnification of such persons under certain circumstances. In the event we are required to indemnify any of our directors or any other person, our financial strength may be harmed, which may in turn lower our stock price.

If we do not retain our senior management and other key employees, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.

Our future success depends on the ability, experience and performance of our senior management and our key professional personnel. Our success therefore depends to a significant extent on retaining the services of George Carpenter, our Chief Executive Officer, our senior product development and clinical managers and others. Because of their ability and experience, if we lose one or more of the members of our senior management or other key employees, our ability to successfully implement our business strategy could be seriously harmed. While we believe our relationships with our executives are good and do not anticipate any of them leaving in the near future, the loss of the services of any of our senior management could have a material adverse effect on our ability to manage our business. We do not carry key-man life insurance on any of our key employees.

If we do not attract and retain skilled personnel, we may not be able to expand our business.

Our products and services are based on a complex database of information. Accordingly, we require skilled medical, scientific and administrative personnel to sell and support our products and services. Our future success will depend largely on our ability to continue to hire, train, retain and motivate additional skilled personnel, particularly sales representatives who are responsible for customer education and training and customer support. In the future, if we pursue our pharmaceutical opportunities, we will also likely need to hire personnel with experience in clinical testing and matters relating to obtaining regulatory approvals. If we are not able to attract and retain skilled personnel, we will not be able to continue our development and commercialization activities.

In the future we could be subject to personal injury claims, which could result in substantial liabilities that may exceed our insurance coverage.

All significant medical treatments and procedures, including treatment that is facilitated through the use of our PEER Reports, involve the risk of serious injury or death. While we have not been the subject of any personal injury claims for patients treated by providers using our PEER Reports, our business entails an inherent risk of claims for personal injuries, which are subject to the attendant risk of substantial damage awards. We cannot control whether individual physicians and psychiatrists will properly select patients, apply the appropriate standard of care, or conform to our procedures in determining how to treat their patients. A significant source of potential liability is negligence or alleged negligence by physicians treating patients with the aid of the PEER Reports that we provide. There can be no assurance that a future claim or claims will not be successful or, including the cost of legal defense, will not exceed the limits of available insurance coverage.

We currently have general liability and medical professional liability insurance coverage for up to $3 million per year for personal injury claims. We may not be able to maintain adequate liability insurance, in accordance with standard industry practice, with appropriate coverage based on the nature and risks of our business, at acceptable costs and on favorable terms. Insurance carriers are often reluctant to provide liability insurance for new healthcare services companies and products due to the limited claims history for such companies and products. In addition, based on current insurance markets, we expect that liability insurance will be more difficult to obtain and that premiums will increase over time and as the volume of patients treated by physicians that are guided by our PEER Reports increases. In the event of litigation, regardless of its merit or eventual outcome, or an award against us during a time when we have no available insurance or insufficient insurance, we may sustain significant losses of our operating capital which may substantially reduce stockholder equity in the company.

We are subject to evolving and expensive corporate governance regulations and requirements. Our failure to adequately adhere to these requirements or the failure or circumvention of our controls and procedures could seriously harm our business.

Because we are a publicly traded company we are subject to certain federal, state and other rules and regulations, including applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Compliance with these evolving regulations is costly and requires a significant diversion of management time and attention, particularly with regard to our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting. Although we have reviewed our disclosure and internal controls and procedures in order to determine whether they are effective, our controls and procedures may not be able to prevent errors or frauds in the future. Faulty judgments, simple errors or mistakes, or the failure of our personnel to adhere to established controls and procedures may make it difficult for us to ensure that the objectives of the control system are met. A failure of our controls and procedures to detect other than inconsequential errors or fraud could seriously harm our business and results of operations.

Our senior management’s limited recent experience managing a publicly traded company may divert management’s attention from operations and harm our business.

Our management team has relatively limited recent experience managing a publicly traded company and complying with federal securities laws, including compliance with recently adopted disclosure requirements on a timely basis. Our management will be required to design and implement appropriate programs and policies in responding to increased legal, regulatory compliance and reporting requirements, and any failure to do so could lead to the imposition of fines and penalties and harm our business.

Risks Related To Our Industry

The healthcare industry in which we operate is subject to substantial regulation by state and federal authorities, which could hinder, delay or prevent us from commercializing our products and services.

Healthcare companies are subject to extensive and complex federal, state and local laws, regulations and judicial decisions governing various matters such as the licensing and certification of facilities and personnel, the conduct of operations, billing policies and practices, policies and practices with regard to patient privacy and confidentiality, and prohibitions on payments for the referral of business and self-referrals. There are federal and state laws, regulations and judicial decisions that govern patient referrals, physician financial relationships, submission of healthcare claims and inducement to beneficiaries of federal healthcare programs. Many states prohibit business corporations from practicing medicine, employing or maintaining control over physicians who practice medicine, or engaging in certain business practices, such as splitting fees with healthcare providers. Many healthcare laws and regulations applicable to our business are complex, applied broadly and subject to interpretation by courts and government agencies. Our failure, or the failure of physicians and psychiatrists to whom we sell our PEER Reports, to comply with these healthcare laws and regulations could create liability for us and negatively impact our business.

In addition, the FDA regulates development, testing, labeling, manufacturing, marketing, promotion, distribution, record-keeping and reporting requirements for prescription drugs. Compliance with laws and regulations enforced by the FDA and other regulatory agencies may be required in relation to future products or services developed or used by us, in addition to the regulatory process and dialogue in which we are now engaged with the FDA (for more information, please see the risk factor entitled The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) believes that rEEG and, potentially, our PEER Online service, constitute a medical device, which is subject to regulation by the FDA. As we continue to market our PEER Online service, there is risk that the FDA will commence an enforcement action against us. The FDA has informed us that our marketing of our rEEG services without prior approval or re-classification by the FDA constitutes a violation of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act). Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in various adverse consequences, including withdrawal of our products and services from the market, or the imposition of civil or criminal sanctions.

We believe that this industry will continue to be subject to increasing regulation, political and legal action and pricing pressures, the scope and effect of which we cannot predict. Legislation is continuously being proposed, enacted and interpreted at the federal, state and local levels to regulate healthcare delivery and relationships between and among participants in the healthcare industry. Any such changes could prevent us from marketing some or all of our products and services for a period of time or permanently.

We may be subject to regulatory and investigative proceedings, which may find that our policies and procedures do not fully comply with complex and changing healthcare regulations.

While we have established policies and procedures that we believe will be sufficient to ensure that we operate in substantial compliance with applicable laws, regulations and requirements, the criteria are often vague and subject to change and interpretation. We may become the subject of regulatory or other investigations or proceedings, and our interpretations of applicable laws and regulations may be challenged. The defense of any such challenge could result in substantial cost and a diversion of management’s time and attention. Thus, any such challenge could have a material adverse effect on our business, regardless of whether it ultimately is successful. If we fail to comply with any applicable laws, or a determination is made that we have failed to comply with these laws, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Failure to comply with the Federal Trade Commission Act or similar state laws could result in sanctions or limit the claims we can make.

Our promotional activities and materials, including advertising to consumers and physicians, and materials provided to third parties for their use in promoting our products and services, are regulated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) under the FTC Act, which prohibits unfair and deceptive acts and practices, including claims which are false, misleading or inadequately substantiated. The FTC typically requires competent and reliable scientific tests or studies to substantiate express or implied claims that a product or service is effective. If the FTC were to interpret our promotional materials as making express or implied claims that our products and services are effective for the treatment of mental illness, it may find that we do not have adequate substantiation for such claims. Failure to comply with the FTC Act or similar laws enforced by state attorneys general and other state and local officials could result in administrative or judicial orders limiting or eliminating the claims we can make about our products and services, and other sanctions including fines.

Our business practices may be found to constitute illegal fee-splitting or corporate practice of medicine, which may lead to penalties and adversely affect our business.

Many states, including California, in which our principal executive offices are located, have laws that prohibit business corporations, such as us, from practicing medicine, exercising control over medical judgments or decisions of physicians, or engaging in certain arrangements, such as employment or fee-splitting, with physicians. Courts, regulatory authorities or other parties, including physicians, may assert that we are engaged in the unlawful corporate practice of medicine through our ownership of the Neuro-Therapy Clinic or by providing administrative and ancillary services in connection with our PEER Reports. These parties may also assert that selling our PEER Reports for a portion of the patient fees constitutes improper fee-splitting. If asserted, such claims could subject us to civil and criminal penalties and substantial legal costs, could result in our contracts being found legally invalid and unenforceable, in whole or in part, or could result in us being required to restructure our contractual arrangements, all with potentially adverse consequences to our business and our stockholders.

Our business practices may be found to violate anti-kickback, self-referral or false claims laws, which may lead to penalties and adversely affect our business.

The healthcare industry is subject to extensive federal and state regulation with respect to financial relationships and “kickbacks” involving healthcare providers, physician self-referral arrangements, filing of false claims and other fraud and abuse issues. Federal anti-kickback laws and regulations prohibit certain offers, payments or receipts of remuneration in return for (i) referring patients covered by Medicare, Medicaid or other federal health care program, or (ii) purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for or recommending any service, good, item or facility for which payment may be made by a federal health care program. In addition, federal physician self-referral legislation, commonly known as the Stark law, generally prohibits a physician from ordering certain services reimbursable by Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare program from any entity with which the physician has a financial relationship. In addition, many states have similar laws, some of which are not limited to services reimbursed by federal healthcare programs. Other federal and state laws govern the submission of claims for reimbursement, or false claims laws. One of the most prominent of these laws is the federal False Claims Act, and violations of other laws, such as the anti-kickback laws or the FDA prohibitions against promotion of off-label uses of medications, may also be prosecuted as violations of the False Claims Act.

While we believe we have structured our relationships to comply with all applicable requirements, federal or state authorities may claim that our fee arrangements, agreements and relationships with contractors and physicians violate these anti-kickback, self-referral or false claims laws and regulations. These laws are broadly worded and have been broadly interpreted by courts. It is often difficult to predict how these laws will be applied, and they potentially subject many typical business arrangements to government investigation and prosecution, which can be costly and time consuming. Violations of these laws are punishable by monetary fines, civil and criminal penalties, exclusion from participation in government-sponsored health care programs and forfeiture of amounts collected in violation of such laws. Some states also have similar anti-kickback and self-referral laws, imposing substantial penalties for violations. If our business practices are found to violate any of these provisions, we may be unable to continue with our relationships or implement our business plans, which would have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

We may be subject to healthcare anti-fraud initiatives, which may lead to penalties and adversely affect our business.

State and federal governments are devoting increased attention and resources to anti-fraud initiatives against healthcare providers, taking an expansive definition of fraud that includes receiving fees in connection with a healthcare business that is found to violate any of the complex regulations described above. While to our knowledge we have not been the subject of any anti-fraud investigations, if such a claim were made defending our business practices could be time consuming and expensive, and an adverse finding could result in substantial penalties or require us to restructure our operations, which we may not be able to do successfully.

Our use and disclosure of patient information is subject to privacy and security regulations, which may result in increased costs.

In conducting research or providing administrative services to healthcare providers in connection with the use of our PEER Reports, as well as in our Clinical Services business, we may collect, use, maintain and transmit patient information in ways that will be subject to many of the numerous state, federal and international laws and regulations governing the collection, dissemination, use and confidentiality of patient-identifiable health information, including the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and related rules. The three rules that were promulgated pursuant to HIPAA that could most significantly affect our business are the Standards for Electronic Transactions, or Transactions Rule; the Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information, or Privacy Rule; and the Health Insurance Reform: Security Standards, or Security Rule. HIPAA applies to covered entities, which include most healthcare facilities and health plans that may contract for the use of our services. The HIPAA rules require covered entities to bind contractors like us to compliance with certain burdensome HIPAA rule requirements.

The HIPAA Transactions Rule establishes format and data content standards for eight of the most common healthcare transactions. If we perform billing and collection services on behalf of psychiatrists and other physicians, we may be engaging in one or more of these standard transactions and will be required to conduct those transactions in compliance with the required standards. The HIPAA Privacy Rule restricts the use and disclosure of patient information, requires entities to safeguard that information and to provide certain rights to individuals with respect to that information. The HIPAA Security Rule establishes elaborate requirements for safeguarding patient information transmitted or stored electronically. We may be required to make costly system purchases and modifications to comply with the HIPAA rule requirements that are imposed on us and our failure to comply may result in liability and adversely affect our business.

Numerous other federal and state laws protect the confidentiality of personal and patient information. These laws in many cases are not preempted by the HIPAA rules and may be subject to varying interpretations by courts and government agencies, creating complex compliance issues for us and the psychiatrists and other physicians who purchase our services, and potentially exposing us to additional expense, adverse publicity and liability.

Risks Relating To An Investment In Our Common Stock

We currently have a limited trading volume, which results in higher price volatility for, and reduced liquidity of, our common stock.

Our shares of common stock are currently quoted on the OTCBB under the symbol “CNSO.OB”. There is currently no broadly followed, established trading market for our common stock and an established trading market for our shares of common stock may never develop or be maintained. Active trading markets generally result in lower price volatility and more efficient execution of buy and sell orders. The absence of an active trading market increases price volatility and reduces the liquidity of our common stock. As long as this condition continues, the sale of a significant number of shares of common stock at any particular time could be difficult to achieve at the market prices prevailing immediately before such shares are offered. Also, as a result of this lack of trading activity, the quoted price for our common stock on the OTCBB is not necessarily a reliable indicator of its fair market value.

Furthermore, if we cease to be quoted on the OTCBB, holders would find it more difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations as to the market value of, our common stock, and the market value of our common stock would likely decline.

If and when a larger trading market for our common stock develops, the market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations, and you may be unable to resell your shares at or above the price at which you acquired them.

The market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors that are beyond our control, including, but not limited to:

In the past, stockholders have often instituted securities class action litigation after periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities. If a stockholder were to file any such class action suit against us, we would incur substantial legal fees and our management’s attention and resources would be diverted from operating our business to respond to the litigation, which could harm our business.

The sale of securities by us in any equity or debt financing could result in dilution to our existing stockholders and have a material adverse effect on our earnings.

Any sale of common stock by us in a future private placement or public offering could result in dilution to our existing stockholders as a direct result of our issuance of additional shares of our capital stock. In addition, our business strategy may include expansion through internal growth, by acquiring complementary businesses, by acquiring or licensing additional products and services, or by establishing strategic relationships with targeted customers and suppliers. In order to do so, or to finance the cost of our other activities, we may issue additional equity securities that could dilute our stockholders’ stock ownership. We may also assume additional debt and incur impairment losses related to goodwill and other tangible assets if we acquire another company and this could negatively impact our earnings and results of operations.

U.S. broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in shares of our common stock because they may be considered penny stock and thus be subject to the penny stock rules.

The SEC has adopted a number of rules to regulate “penny stock” that restricts transactions involving our shares of common stock. Such rules include Rules 3a51-1, 15g-1, 15g-2, 15g-3, 15g-4, 15g-5, 15g-6, 15g-7, and 15g-9 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These rules may have the effect of reducing the liquidity of penny stocks. “Penny stocks” generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 per share (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market if current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system). Our securities constitute “penny stock” within the meaning of the rules. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon U.S. broker-dealers may discourage such broker-dealers from effecting transactions in shares or our common stock, which could severely limit the market liquidity of such shares and impede their sale in the secondary market.

A U.S. broker-dealer selling penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or “accredited investor” (generally, an individual with net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. In addition, the penny stock regulations require the U.S. broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared in accordance with SEC standards relating to the penny stock market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A U.S. broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the U.S. broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, a U.S. broker-dealer is required to submit monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to the penny stock held in a customer’s account and information with respect to the limited market in penny stocks.

Stockholders should be aware that, according to SEC, the market for penny stocks has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (i) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (ii) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (iii) “boiler room” practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (iv) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differentials and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (v) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, resulting in investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities.

We have not paid dividends in the past and do not expect to pay dividends for the foreseeable future, and any return on investment may be limited to potential future appreciation on the value of our common stock.

We currently intend to retain any future earnings to support the development and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account various factors, including without limitation, our financial condition, operating results, cash needs, growth plans and the terms of any credit agreements that we may be a party to at the time. To the extent we do not pay dividends, our stock may be less valuable because a return on investment will only occur if and to the extent our stock price appreciates, which may never occur. In addition, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation as the only way to realize their investment, and if the price of our stock does not appreciate, then there will be no return on investment. Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock.

Our officers, directors and principal stockholders can exert significant influence over us and may make decisions that are not in the best interests of all stockholders.

Our officers, directors, principal stockholders (greater than 5% stockholders) and nominees to our board of directors collectively control approximately 59% of our issued and outstanding common stock and 57% on a fully diluted basis. As a result, these stockholders are able to affect the outcome of, or exert significant influence over, all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election and removal of directors and any change in control. In addition, two significant stockholders exercise substantial control over the composition of the board of directors, by virtue of having the power to nominate all of the members of the board of directors. In particular, this concentration of ownership of our common stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of us or otherwise discouraging or preventing a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of us. This, in turn, could have a negative effect on the market price of our common stock. It could also prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over the market prices for their shares of common stock. Moreover, the interests of this concentration of ownership may not always coincide with our interests or the interests of other stockholders, and accordingly, they could cause us to enter into transactions or agreements that we would not otherwise consider.

Transactions engaged in by our largest stockholders, our directors or executives involving our common stock may have an adverse effect on the price of our stock.

Our officers, directors, principal stockholders (greater than 5% stockholders) and nominees to our board of directors collectively control approximately 59% of our issued and outstanding common stock and 57% on a fully diluted basis. Subsequent sales of our shares by these stockholders could have the effect of lowering our stock price. The perceived risk associated with the possible sale of a large number of shares by these stockholders, or the adoption of significant short positions by hedge funds or other significant investors, could cause some of our stockholders to sell their stock, thus causing the price of our stock to decline. In addition, actual or anticipated downward pressure on our stock price due to actual or anticipated sales of stock by our directors or officers could cause other institutions or individuals to engage in short sales of our common stock, which may further cause the price of our stock to decline.

From time to time our directors and executive officers may sell shares of our common stock on the open market. These sales will be publicly disclosed in filings made with the SEC. In the future, our directors and executive officers may sell a significant number of shares for a variety of reasons unrelated to the performance of our business. Our stockholders may perceive these sales as a reflection on management’s view of the business and result in some stockholders selling their shares of our common stock. These sales could cause the price of our stock to drop.

Anti-takeover provisions may limit the ability of another party to acquire us, which could cause our stock price to decline.

Delaware law contains provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us, even if doing so may be beneficial to our stockholders, which could cause our stock price to decline. In addition, these provisions could limit the price investors would be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

Non-U.S. investors may have difficulty effecting service of process against us or enforcing judgments against us in courts of non-U.S. jurisdictions .

We are a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. All of our directors and officers reside in the United States. It may not be possible for non-U.S. investors to effect service of process within their own jurisdictions upon our company and our directors and officers. In addition, it may not be possible for non-U.S. investors to collect from our company, its directors and officers, judgments obtained in courts in such non-U.S. jurisdictions predicated on non-U.S. legislation.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our stock adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

ITEM 1B.          Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.             Properties

The Company leases its headquarters and Neurometric Services space, located at 85 Enterprise, Suite 410, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, under an operating lease which commenced on February 1, 2010 and terminated on January 31, 2013. The 2,023 square foot facility has an average cost for the lease term of $3,600 per month. On December 27, 2012, we agreed to enter into a 12 month extension to our lease for our current location at 85 Enterprise, Suite 410, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656. The lease period started on February 1, 2013 and ends January 31, 2014. The monthly rent remains the same as our 2012 monthly rate at $4,147 with the 9^th month of the lease, October 2013, being a rent-free month.

We believe that our current space is adequate for our needs and that suitable additional or substitute space will be available to accommodate the foreseeable expansion of our operations.

ITEM 3.             Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in our management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.

On April 11, 2011, Leonard J. Brandt and his family business partnership Brandt Ventures, GP, filed an action in the Superior Court for the State of California, Orange County against CNS Response, Inc., one of its stockholders, SAIL Venture Partner, LP, and Mr. David Jones, a member of the board of directors, alleging breach of a promissory note agreement entered into by Brandt Ventures, GP and the Company and alleging that Mr. Brandt was wrongfully terminated as CEO in April, 2009.  The Company was served with a summons and complaint in the action on July 19, 2011.

On November 1, 2011, Mr. Brandt and Brandt Ventures filed an amended complaint amending their claims and adding new claims against the same parties. On March 12, 2012, the court sustained demurrers to certain of the counts against each defendant. On March 22, 2012, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint modifying certain of their claims, but did not add new claims. On February 6, 2013, the plaintiffs moved for leave to amend the second amended complaint and filed a third amended complaint. On March 6, 2013 the Court granted leave to amend, but awarded fees and costs for the defendants to again make dispositive motions. The third amended complaint added a claim for breach of the promissory note and seeks to foreclose on the collateral securing the note obligation.  In addition, Mr. Brandt is seeking approximately $170,000 of severance and compensatory and punitive damages in connection with his termination.  In interrogatory responses served on January 26, 2013, Mr. Brandt for the first time identified that he seeks damages in connection with his termination in an amount exceeding $9 million.  Mr. Brandt has proffered no credible evidence to support damages in this amount, and the Company believes this claim for damages is without merit.  The plaintiffs also seek rescission of a $250,000 loan made by Brandt Ventures, GP to the Company which was converted into common stock in accordance with its terms and restitution of the loan amount. 

Discovery is ongoing and the Company continues to aggressively defend the action. A trial date has been set for May 2014. The Company believes the third amended complaint, like the prior complaints, is without merit. The Company is aggressively defending the action and has not accrued any amounts related to this matter. The action is captioned Leonard J. Brandt and Brandt Ventures, GP v. CNS Response, Inc., Sail Venture Partners and David Jones, case no. 30-2011-00465655-CU-WT-CJC.

ITEM 4.             Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Common Stock

Our common stock is currently trading on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol CNSO.OB. There is currently no broadly followed, established trading market for our common stock.  Established trading markets generally result in lower price volatility and more efficient execution of buy and sell orders. The absence of an established trading market increases price volatility and reduces the liquidity of our common stock.  As a result of this lack of trading activity, the quoted price for our common stock on the OTCBB is not necessarily a reliable indicator of its fair market value.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid information for our common stock as determined from sporadic quotations on the OTC Bulletin Board.  The following quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.

On December 20, 2013, the closing sales price of our common stock as reported on the OTC Bulletin Board was $0.35 per share.  As of December 20, 2013, there were 398 record holders of our common stock.  The number of holders of record is based on the actual number of holders registered on the books of our transfer agent and does not reflect holders of shares in “street name” or persons, partnerships, associations, corporations or other entities identified in security position listings maintained by depository trust companies.

Dividend Rights

We have not paid or declared cash distributions or dividends on our common stock and we do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.  We currently intend to retain all earnings, if and when generated, to finance our operations.  The declaration of cash dividends in the future will be determined by the board of directors based upon our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other relevant factors.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The required disclosure on our equity compensation plan is incorporated herein by reference to “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence - Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans,” which is incorporated in our definitive proxy statement or an amendment to our Annual Report on Form 10-K to be filed on or before January 31, 2014.
 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

The information required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 701 of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to our Company’s current reports on Form 8-K.

None of the sales of securities referred to in such section was registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).  Each of the purchasers represented to us that he/she/it was an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act.  In addition, no general solicitation or advertising was used in connection with the sales.  In making the sales without registration under the Securities Act, the Company relied upon the exemptions from registration contained in Sections 4(2) of the Securities Act, and in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act.

ITEM 6.              Selected Financial Data.

Not applicable.

ITEM 7.              Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes provided under Part II, Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.  This discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting the consolidated operating results, financial condition and liquidity and cash flows of CNS Response, Inc. for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.  Except for historical information, the matters discussed in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management as of the date hereof based on information currently available to our management. Use of words such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “should,” “forecasts,” “goal,” “likely” or similar expressions, indicate a forward-looking statement. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from the forward-looking statements we make. See “Risk Factors” elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K for a discussion of certain risks associated with our business.  We disclaim any obligation to update forward-looking statements for any reason.

Overview

We are a clinical decision support company with a patented commercial neurometric platform to predict drug response for treatment of brain disorders, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (“PTSD”).  We have commenced a reimbursed 2,000 patient trial at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (“Walter Reed”) and Fort Belvoir Community Hospital (“Fort Belvoir”) focused on patients with depression, PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury (“mTBI”) in order to support clinical decisions in the treatment of depression and related disorders.  We will be reimbursed by Walter Reed at our standard rate for each Psychiatric Electroencephalographic Evaluation Registry (“PEER”) Outcome report rendered in the study.

Clinical Services- Discontinued Operation

In January 2008, we acquired, the Neuro-Therapy Clinic, Inc. (“NTC”) which upon the completion of the transaction became a wholly-owned subsidiary. NTC operated a psychiatric medication management practices in the state of Colorado. Due to the Company’s inability to raise sufficient funding and due to NTC’s continued operating losses, it was decided to discontinue the operations of NTC effective September 30, 2012, as the Company chose to focus its limited cash resources on its Walter Reed clinical trial. Consequently, NTC is accounted for as a discontinued operation.

Working Capital

  We are unable to pay our obligations as they become due and we are in arrears on paying certain of our creditors.  If we are not able to raise additional funds within the next few months and reach some accommodations with our creditors, we will likely be required to cease our operations.

Since our inception, we have generated significant net losses. As of September 30, 2013, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $56.6 million; and as of September 30, 2012, our accumulated deficit was approximately $45.6 million. We incurred operating losses of $4.2 million and $4.8 million for the fiscal years ended September 2013 and 2012, respectively and incurred net losses of $10.9 million and $3.4 million for those respective periods. Large, non-cash, accounting transactions significantly impacted the net losses for the 2013 and 2012 fiscal years were including:

Assuming we are able to continue our operations, we expect our net losses to continue for at least the next couple of years. We anticipate that a substantial portion of any capital resources and efforts would be focused on our clinical trial being conducted at Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir, followed by the scale-up of our commercial organization, further research, product development and other general corporate purposes, including the payment of legal fees incurred as a result of our litigation. We anticipate that future research and development projects would be funded by grants or third-party sponsorship, along with funding by the Company.

As of September 30, 2013, our current liabilities of approximately $3.6 million exceeded our current assets of approximately $1.4 million by approximately $2.2 million and, assuming we are able to continue our operations, our net losses will continue for the foreseeable future.  During fiscal year 2013 we were successful in converting all $9.6 million of our convertible debt, and interest of $1.7 million thereon, to equity and we also negotiated settlements with stock in lieu of cash with 10 of our creditors to settle $0.5 million owed to them. Between September 30 and November 14, 2013, we have raised an additional $475,000 in a private placement of common stock at $0.25 per share and we have negotiated settlements with creditors for a further $1,466,800 of debt with 1,446,380 shares of common stock. We will need additional funding to complete our clinical trial at Walter Reed, Fort Belvoir and other military and VA locations. Plus additional funding will be needed before we can significantly increase the demand for our PEER Online services.

We are actively exploring additional sources of capital; however, we cannot offer assurances that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all, especially given the economic and market conditions that currently prevail and the Company’s failure to consummate the public offering of securities it had pursued during fiscal year 2012. Even if we were to raise additional funds, any additional equity funding may result in significant dilution to existing stockholders, and, if we incur additional debt financing, a substantial additional portion of our operating cash flow may be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on such indebtedness, thus limiting the funds available for our business activities. If adequate funds are not available, it will likely force us to cease operations or would otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and/or results of operations.

2010 through 2013 Private Placement Transactions

Between June 3, 2010 and February 2012, the Company raised funds through four rounds of private placements as follows:

Effective October 24, 2012, all the warrants that were issued in connection with the abovementioned four private placement transactions were forfeited pursuant to the Amended & Restated Consent, Note Amendment and Warrant Forfeiture Agreement dated October 24, 2012. This agreement also amended the conversion price of the notes to $1 per share.

From August 17, 2012, through September 30, 2012, we raised an additional $2.0 million through the sale of October 2012 Notes convertible at $0.04718 per share of common stock. All these notes, along with the interest thereon, were converted by September 30, 2013 into 44,085,044 shares of common stock.

On January 31, 2013, SAIL Capital Partners converted one October 2010 Note in the aggregate principle amount of $0.25 million and six January 2011 Notes in the aggregate amount of $1.00 million, plus the interest thereon, which were held by various SAIL entities into 1,469,816 shares of common stock at $1 per share.

Effective August 12, 2013, all remaining notes convertible at $1.0 per share in the aggregate total amount of $7.7 million of principal and interest thereon, were converted into 30,893,419 shares of common stock pursuant to an offer letter to convert the notes and interest at $0.25 per share and the Omnibus Note Amendment Agreement, which was fully executed on August 12, 2013, when all holders of the notes convertible at $1.0 per share agreed to convert those notes and interest into common stock at $0.25 per share. 

Please see Note 4. Convertible Debt and Equity Financings to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of the abovementioned transactions.

From February through November of 2013, the Company conducted three tranches of private placements of shares of common stock at $0.25 per share as follows:

Financial Operations Overview

Revenues

Our neurometric services revenues are derived from the sale of PEER Reports to physicians. Physicians are generally billed upon delivery of a PEER Report. The list price of our PEER Reports to physicians is $400 per report which excludes the cost of doing the EEG. Our Clinical Trial revenues are derived from the PEER Reports to the Military. The list price of our PEER Reports to the Military is $540 and is inclusive of collecting the EEG. Follow-up reports and more complex work-ups can range from $200 to $800.

Clinical Services revenue, which is now accounted for as a discontinued operation, was generated as a result of providing services to patients on an outpatient basis. Clinical service revenue was recorded at our established billing rates less contractual adjustments. Generally, collection in full was not expected on our established billing rates. Contractual adjustments were recorded to state our clinical service revenue at the amount we expected to collect for the services provided based on amounts due from third-party payers at contractually determined rates.

  Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues are for neurometric services and represent the cost of direct labor, the costs associated with external processing, analysis and consulting review necessary to render an individualized test result and any miscellaneous support expenses. Costs associated with performing our tests are expensed as the tests are performed. We continually evaluate the feasibility of hiring our own personnel to perform most of the processing and analysis necessary to render a PEER Outcome Report.

Cost of revenues for Clinical Services, is now accounted for as a discontinued operation.

  Research and Product Development

Research and Product development expenses are associated with our neurometric services and primarily represent costs incurred to design and conduct clinical studies, to recruit patients into the studies, to improve PEER Outcome processing, to add data to the CNS Database, to improve analytical techniques and advance application of the methodology. We charge all research and development expenses to operations as they are incurred.

  Sales and Marketing

For our neurometric services, our selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel, media, support and travel costs to inform user organizations and consumers of our products and services. Additional marketing expenses are the costs of educating physicians, laboratory personnel, other healthcare professionals regarding our products and services.

  General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel, occupancy, legal, consulting and administrative and support costs for our neurometric services.

  Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could therefore differ materially from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We believe the following critical accounting policies reflect our more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

  Discontinued Operation

Due to our cessation of our Clinical Services operation as described in Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements, we have segregated the revenues and expenses associated with the Clinical Services and accounted for them as discontinued operations.

Revenue Recognition

We have generated limited revenues since our inception. Revenues for our Neurometric Service product are recognized when a PEER Report is delivered to a Client-Physician. For our Clinical Services, revenues were recognized when the services were performed.

  Stock-based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash charge, results from stock option grants. Compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the calculated fair value of the award. We recognize stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the underlying option. The amount of stock-based compensation expense expected to be amortized in future periods may decrease if unvested options are subsequently cancelled or may increase if future option grants are made.

  Offering Costs

The Company applies ASC topic 505-10, “Costs of an Equity Transaction”, for recognition of offering costs. In accordance with ASC 505-10, the Company treats incremental direct costs incurred to issue shares classified as equity, as a reduction of the proceeds. Direct costs incurred before shares classified as equity are issued, are classified as an asset until the stock is issued. Indirect costs such as management salaries or other general and administrative expenses and deferred costs of an aborted offering are expensed.

  Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets

Property and equipment and intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. If the Company determines that the carrying value of the asset is not recoverable, a permanent impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived or intangible asset exceeds its fair value. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives of ten years.

  Derivative accounting for convertible debt and warrants

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC-480-10 and ASC 815-10 whereby the Company determines the fair market carrying value of a financial instrument using the Black-Scholes model and revalues the fair market value on a quarterly basis. Any changes in carrying value flow through as other income (expense) in the income statement. As of September 30, 2013, the Company no longer has any convertible debt or warrants, and therefore, has no associated derivative liabilities.

Results of Operations for the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012

We operated in two business segments until September 30, 2012. Since September 30, 2012, Neurometric Services has been focused on conducting the clinical trial at Walter Reed and Fort Belvoir and on the delivery of reports (“PEER Reports”) to a core group of physicians. The PEER Report that enables psychiatrists and other physician/prescribers to make more informed, patient-specific decisions when treating individual patients for behavioral (psychiatric and/or addictive) disorders based on the patient’s own physiology. Our Clinical Services business which was operated by the NTC providing full service psychiatric services has been closed and is now accounted for as a discontinued operation.

The following table presents consolidated statement of operations data for each of the periods indicated as a percentage of revenues.

Revenues

With respect to our Neurometric Services business, the number of third party paid PEER Reports delivered increased to 317 for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013, up from 294 for the prior fiscal year end. Our standard price per report is $400 to our non-military providers and $540, which includes the collection of the EEG, to our military clinical trial providers. The average revenue per report increased to $413 per test due to the mix of regular and clinical trial reports. The total numbers of free PEER Reports processed were 97 and 130 for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 respectively. These free PEER Reports are used for training, database-enhancement and compassionate-use purposes.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of Neurometric Services revenues consisting of payroll costs, consulting costs, and other miscellaneous charges were as follows:

Consulting costs associated with the processing of PEER Reports are $75 per PEER Report. We expect the cost of revenues to decrease as a percentage of revenues as we improve our operating efficiency and increase the automation of certain processes.

The increase in Cost of Revenues was due to an increase in salaries and partly offset by reductions in consulting fees and other miscellaneous costs when compared to the corresponding period in 2012.

Research

Research expenses consist of clinical studies expenses, doctor training costs, consulting fees, payroll costs (including stock-based compensation costs), travel and conference costs and other miscellaneous costs which were as follows:

Comparing the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 with the corresponding period in 2012:

Product Development

Product Development expenses consist of payroll costs (including stock-based compensation costs), consulting fees, programming fees on the production system, database costs and miscellaneous costs which were as follows:

Comparing the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 with the corresponding period in 2012:  

Sales and marketing 

Sales and marketing expenses associated with our Neurometric Information Services business consist primarily of payroll and benefit costs, including stock-based compensation, advertising and marketing, consulting fees and conference and travel expenses.

Comparing the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013, with the same period in 2012: 

General and administrative  

General and administrative expenses for our Neurometric Information Services business are largely comprised of payroll and benefit costs, including stock based compensation, legal fees, patent costs, other professional and consulting fees, general administrative and occupancy costs, dues and subscriptions, conference and travel costs and miscellaneous costs.

With respect to our Neurometric Services business, for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013, compared to the same period in 2012 we had the following changes:

Other income (expense)

(* not meaningful)  

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 net other non-operating income (expenses) for Neurometric Services were as follows:

Net Loss from Continuing Operations

The net loss for our Neurometric Information Services business of approximately $10.9 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 compared to the $2.9 million loss in the prior year is primarily due to the large non-cash charges in our Other Income (Expense) expense category described above.

The Company’s operating loss of $4.2 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013, is a reduction of $0.6 million from the $4.8 million loss in the prior year. This reduction is due to a general reduction in operating expenses that occurred in the course of the year, much of it driven by cost cutting due to our very limited cash resources and a singular focus on the Walter Reed/Fort Belvoir clinical trial.

Loss from Discontinued operations:

For our Clinical Services the net loss for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 of $19,400 is a decrease of $471,100 over the same period in the prior year. As there were no ongoing operations during the 2013 period, the loss incurred was largely due to the write down of assets, namely receivables, which were unlikely to be collected, storage fees for medical records and interest and costs associated with the remaining period of our lease on NTC’s premises.

The decision to discontinue the Clinical Services operations was due to NTC’s persistent losses and its inability to function as a standalone entity within the foreseeable future. As the Company was unable to raise funds, there were insufficient cash resources to continue to support NTC.

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Since our inception, we have incurred significant losses.  As of September 30, 2013, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $56.6 million, and for the prior year our accumulated deficit was approximately $45.6 million.  We have not yet achieved profitability and anticipate that we will continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. We expect that with our Walter Reed clinical trial, sales and marketing and general and administrative cost, our expenditures will continue to grow and, as a result, we will need to generate significant product revenues to achieve profitability. We may never achieve profitability.

As of September 30, 2013, we had approximately $1,273,600 in cash and cash equivalents and a working capital deficit of approximately $2.2 million which is a considerable improvement when compared to the prior year in which we had approximately $7,700 in cash and cash equivalents and a working capital deficit of approximately $13.1 million at September 30, 2012.

Operating Capital and Capital Expenditure Requirements

Our continued operating losses and limited capital raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We have limited ability to meet our current obligations as they become due and we are in arrears on certain of our creditors.  Because of our substantial indebtedness, we are insolvent and need to raise additional funds and restructure our debt in order to continue our operations. 

We need additional funds to complete our Walter Reed clinical trial and to continue our operations and will need substantial additional funds before we can increase demand for our PEER Online services. We are continuing to explore additional sources of capital; however, we do not know whether additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all, especially given the economic conditions that currently prevail.  In addition, any additional equity funding may result in significant dilution to existing stockholders and, if we incur debt financing, a substantial portion of our operating cash flow may be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on such indebtedness, thus limiting funds available for our business activities.

We expect to continue to incur operating losses in the future. Although since September 30, 2013 we have raised gross cash proceeds of $475,000 through the sale of restricted common stock at $0.25 per share, we anticipate that our cash on hand and cash generated through our operations will not be sufficient to fund our operations for the next 12 months. If adequate funds are not available, it would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and/or results of operations, and could cause us to have to cease operations.

The amount of capital we will need to conduct our operations and the time at which we will require such capital may vary significantly depending upon a number of factors, such as:

Sources of Liquidity

Since our inception, substantially all of our operations have been financed from equity and debt financings. From June 3, 2010 through to November 12, 2010, we raised $3.0 million through the sale of secured convertible notes (October 2010 Notes) and warrants. From January 20, 2011 through to April 25, 2011, we raised $2.5 million through the sale of subordinated secured convertible notes (January 2011 Notes) and warrants. From October 11, 2011 through January 31, 2012, we raised $2.0 million through the sales of additional subordinated secured convertible notes (October 2011 Notes). On February 29, 2012 we raised a further $90,000 in an unsecured convertible note. From August 17, 2012 through November 30, 2012 we raised $2.0 million in senior secured notes (October 2012 Notes). Of such amounts, an aggregate of $4.0 million was purchased by members of our current Board of Directors or their affiliate companies or officers of the Company. All these notes have been converted to equity as of September 30, 2013. See Note 4 and Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

From February 22, 2013 through September 16, 2013, we raised approximately $3.0 million from the issuance of common stock at $0.25 per share to accredited investors pursuant to subscription agreements. Of such amount an aggregate of $1.37 million was purchased by members of the Board of Directors, an officer of the Company and greater than 5% shareholders. See Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Since September 30, 2013 through November 14, 2013, we raised an additional $475,000 from the issuance of common stock at $0.25 per share to accredited investors pursuant to subscription agreements.

Cash Flows

Net cash used in operating activities was $3.0 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 compared to $2.3 million for the same period in 2012.  However, the operations during the two periods were substantially different in that during the 2013 period the Company was solely focused on the Walter Reed/Fort Belvoir clinical study, while during the 2012 period, the Company’s focus was on completing a registered offering, addressing FDA licensure issues and trying to support the Clinical Services operation.

Net cash provided by investing activities was $1,400 for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 as compared to use of $25,500 for the same period in 2012.  Our 2013 activity reflected the disposal of computer equipment, whereas during the 2012 period we acquired intellectual property pertaining to a Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation biomarker for $21,200 from Brain Clinics and we purchased $4,300 of furniture and equipment.

Net cash proceeds from financing activities for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 were primarily net proceeds of $4.3 million. Of this amount, a net $1.4 million was raised through the sale of senior convertible promissory October 2012 Notes and a net $3.0 million was raised through the private placement of common stock with accredited investors at $0.25 per share. For the same period in 2012, net cash proceeds from financing activities were approximately $2.6 million of which $2.2 was from the sale of our October 2011 Notes and a further $0.4 million was from the sale of our notes convertible at $0.04718.

Net cash used in discontinued operations for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 was $21,700 which was primarily for the NTC accounts payable, medical record storage costs and costs associated with the lease. For the same period ended September 30, 2012, net cash used in discontinued operations was $490,500 which was all the total operating cost of NTC.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

As of September 30, 2013, our combined lease & note payable obligations are $75,600; our remaining lease obligation on our Aliso Viejo office, which expires on January 30, 2014, is $12,400 with an average monthly rental of $4,100 over the entire lease period.  

Our remaining lease obligation on our Greenwood Village, CO, which was occupied by our now discontinued clinical services operation, which expired on April 30, 2013, the remaining balance of the lease was converted to an unsecured one year note of $50,000 bearing an interest rate of 5%.

Derivative Liability

As of September 30, 2013, the Company no longer has any derivative liabilities. As of September 30, 2012, the Company’s derivative liability was comprised of a warrant liability which was carried at fair value totaling $520,700; there was no conversion option liability. The warrant liability and conversion option liability were removed pursuant to the Amended and Restated Consent, Note Amendment and Warrant Forfeiture Agreement dated November 24, 2012 and agreed to by the majority of each tranche of noteholders on November 28, 2012. Consequently, warrants were eliminated and the ratchet feature removed from the convertible notes. As a result, there are no residual warrant or conversion option liabilities as of September 30, 2013.

Income Taxes

Since inception, we have incurred operating losses and, accordingly, have not recorded a provision for federal income taxes for any periods presented.  As of September 30, 2013, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes of approximately$33.1 million. If not utilized, the federal net operating loss carryforwards will begin expiring in 2031. Utilization of net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to restrictions contained in the Internal Revenue Code that are applicable if we experience an “ownership change”. We have not conducted a study of whether or not an ownership change has occurred. Though, it is likely that as a result of substantial sale of our securities over the last two years that our ability to utilize a significant portion of such net operating loss carryforward may be limited. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of our net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards before they can be used.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements or financing activities with special purpose entities.

ITEM 7A.           Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

Not applicable 

ITEM 8.            Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to financial statements

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors

CNS Response, Inc.

85 Enterprise, Suite 410

Aliso Viejo, CA 92656

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of CNS Response, Inc. (the "Company") as of September 30, 2013, and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the fiscal year then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. The consolidated financial statements of the Company as of September 30, 2012, were audited by other auditors, whose report, dated January 15, 2013, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements and also included an explanatory paragraph that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

We conducted our audit in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company was not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2013 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the fiscal year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1, the Company has recurring losses from operations and a net capital deficiency. These conditions, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans concerning these matters are also described in the consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

/s/ Anton & Chia, LLP

Newport Beach, California

December 23, 2013

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2013 and 2012

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE FISCAL YEARS ENDED

SEPTEMBER 30, 2013 AND 2012

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT FOR THE FISCAL YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2013 AND 2012

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE FISCAL YEARS ENDED

SEPTEMBER 30, 2013 AND 2012 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

CNS RESPONSE, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2013

Organization and Nature of Operations

CNS Response, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on March 20, 1987, under the name Age Research, Inc.   Prior to January 16, 2007, CNS Response, Inc. (then called Strativation, Inc.) existed as a “shell company” with nominal assets whose sole business was to identify, evaluate and investigate various companies to acquire or with which to merge.  On January 16, 2007, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with CNS Response, Inc., a California corporation formed on January 11, 2000 (“CNS California”), and CNS Merger Corporation, a California corporation and the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary (“MergerCo”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire CNS California in a merger transaction wherein MergerCo would merge with and into CNS California, with CNS California being the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). On March 7, 2007, the Merger closed, CNS California became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and on the same date the corporate name was changed from Strativation, Inc. to CNS Response, Inc.

The Company is a clinical decision support company with a patented commercial neurometric platform to predict drug response for treatment of brain disorders, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (“PTSD”).  The Company has commenced a reimbursed 2,000 patient trial at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (“Walter Reed”) and Fort Belvoir Community Hospital focused on patients with depression, PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury in order to support clinical decisions in the treatment of depression and related disorders.  We will be reimbursed by Walter Reed at our standard rate for each Psychiatric Electroencephalographic Evaluation Registry (“PEER”) Outcome report rendered in the study.

In addition, the Company had acquired the Neuro-Therapy Clinic, Inc. (“NTC”) on January 15, 2008, which provided behavioral health care services.  However, due to the Company’s inability to raise sufficient funding and due to NTC’s continued operating losses, it was decided to discontinue the operations of NTC effective September 30, 2012, as the Company chose to focus its limited cash resources on the clinical trial at Walter Reed. NTC is accounted for as a discontinued operation as detailed in Footnote 3.

On April 2, 2012, the Company announced that on March 30, 2012 it had filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amendment”) to (i) effect a 1-for-30 reverse stock split (“reverse split”) of its common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), effective at 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time on April 2, 2012 (the “Effective Time”), and (ii) simultaneously therewith reduce the number of authorized shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), from 750 million to 100 million. Because the Amendment did not reduce the number of authorized shares of Common Stock in the same proportion as the reverse split, the effect of the Amendment was to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance relative to the number of shares issued and outstanding.

At the Effective Time, immediately and without further action by the Company’s stockholders, every 30 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time were automatically combined into one share of Common Stock. In the event the reverse split left a stockholder with a fraction of a share, the number of shares due to that stockholder was rounded up. Further, any options, warrants and rights outstanding as of the Effective Time that were subject to adjustment were adjusted in accordance with the terms thereof. These adjustments included, without limitation, changes to the number of shares of Common Stock that would be obtained upon exercise or conversion of such securities, and changes to the applicable exercise or purchase price.

On May 23, 2013, the Company held its 2013 annual meeting of stockholders (the “2013 Annual Meeting”), the holders of the Company’s common stock voted to elect each of the following directors to serve until the next annual meeting and until his successor is elected and qualified: Thomas Tierney, John Pappajohn, Walter Schindler, Zachary McAdoo, Richard Turner, Andrew Sassine and Robert Follman.

At the 2013 Annual Meeting the shareholders also approved the following proposals:

The Company’s Charter was amended for the first two of these items effective May 31, 2013.

Going Concern Uncertainty

The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern. The Company has a limited operating history and its operations are subject to certain problems, expenses, difficulties, delays, complications, risks and uncertainties frequently encountered in the operation of a new business. These risks include the ability to obtain adequate financing on a timely basis, the failure to develop or supply technology or services to meet the demands of the marketplace, the failure to attract and retain qualified personnel, competition within the industry, government regulation and the general strength of regional and national economies.

The Company’s continued operating losses and limited capital raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has limited cash resources for its operations and will need to raise additional funds to meet its obligations as they become due.

To date, the Company has financed its cash requirements primarily from debt and equity financings.  It will be necessary for the Company to raise additional funds immediately to continue its operations and to raise substantial additional funds before the Company can increase demand for its PEER Online services (formerly known as rEEG services). Until it can generate a sufficient amount of revenues to finance its cash requirements, which it may never do, the Company has to finance future cash needs primarily through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, borrowings or strategic collaborations. The Company’s liquidity and capital requirements depend on several factors, including the rate of market acceptance of its services, the future profitability of the Company, the rate of growth of the Company’s business and other factors described elsewhere in this report.  The Company continues to explore additional sources of capital but there is substantial doubt as to whether any financing arrangement will be available in amounts and on terms acceptable to the Company to permit it to continue operations. The Company was unsuccessful in consummating the public offering of securities it had been pursuing in 2012. The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

As of November 30, 2012 the Company closed on a $2 million round of convertible debt financing and has approval from the majority of note holders in each tranche to raise an additional $1 million of debt. All $2 million of this debt and $ 81,800 interest thereon was converted to 44,085,044 shares of common stock at $0.25 per share, par value $0.001 per share, between January 18, 2013 and September 30, 2013.

Between February 22, 2013 and April 4, 2013, the Company issued an aggregate of 4,180,000 shares of its common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a per share price of $0.25, in a private placement to an aggregate of 19 accredited investors, including 450,000 shares issued to two affiliates of the Company, for gross cash proceeds to the Company of $1,045,000.

Between May 10, 2013 and September 12, 2013, the Company issued an aggregate of 8,000,000 shares of its common stock, par value $0.001 per share at a per share price of $0.25, in a private placement to an aggregate of 23 accredited investors, including 2,400,000 shares issued to three affiliates of the Company, for gross cash proceeds to the Company of $2,000,000.

On August 12, 2013, pursuant to an offer to all holders of debt convertible into common stock at $1.00 per share all holders agreed to convert $7,723,400 of convertible debt and interest thereon into 30,893,419 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a per share price of $0.25.

The private placements were made pursuant to an exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Regulation D thereunder, as the shares of common stock were issued to accredited investors, without a view to distribution, and not through any general solicitation or advertisement. The shares of common stock have not been, and will not be, registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.

 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

All share and per share numbers presented have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the 1-for-30 reverse stock split of the common stock on April 2, 2012 and a simultaneous reduction in authorized shares to 100,000,000.

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CNS Response, Inc., an inactive parent company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries CNS California and NTC.  All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. NTC is accounted for as a discontinued operation (see footnote 3).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expense, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, doubtful accounts, intangible assets, income taxes, valuation of equity instruments, accrued liabilities, contingencies and litigation. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates.

Cash

The Company deposits its cash with major financial institutions and may at times exceed federally insured limit of $250,000.  At September 30, 2013 cash exceeded the federally insured limit by $1,023,600.  The Company believes that the risk of loss is minimal. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses related to cash deposits with financial institutions.

Derivative Liabilities

The Company applies ASC Topic 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging,” which provides a two-step model to determine whether a financial instrument or an embedded feature is indexed to an issuer’s own stock and thus able to qualify for the scope exception in ASC 815-10-15-74. This standard triggers liability accounting on all instruments and embedded features exercisable at strike prices based on future equity-linked instruments issued at a lower rate.  Using the criteria in ASC 815, the Company determines which instruments or embedded features that require liability accounting and records the fair values as a derivative liability. The changes in the values of the derivative liabilities are shown in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as “gain (loss) on change in fair value of derivative liabilities.”

Effective November 28, 2012 the Company, together with the majority of the note holders of each of the October 2010 Notes, the January 2011 Notes, the October 2011 Notes and the February 2011 Note (see Note 4 below) agreed to amend all the Notes, pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Consent, Note Amendment and Warrant Forfeiture Agreement, dated as of October 24, 2012. Consequently, all of such notes were amended to (a) extend the maturity date to October 1, 2013, (b) set the conversion price at $1.00, subject to adjustment as provided in the notes and (c) remove full-ratchet anti-dilution protection. In addition, the holders forfeited the warrants they received in connection with the issuance of the notes, and consented to the 2012 Bridge Financing, the issuance of the October 2012 Notes and to the subordination of their notes to these October 2012 Notes. Both the convertible notes and warrants had contained ratchet provisions, which under ASC 815 required bifurcation of the conversion feature and warrants for derivative liability treatment. With the warrants forfeited, the ratchet in the notes eliminated and the maturity date extended, only the interest rate on all the notes remained unchanged at 9% per annum. Using the Black Scholes model, we valued each tranche of the Notes as of November 28, 2012 and compared that value with the value of these notes on the prior day with their original maturity dates.  The difference of the two valuation calculations of $556,300 was booked to Other Expenses as a gain on extinguishment of debt.

As of September 30, 2013 the derivative liability was $0 as the warrants had been eliminated and with the ratchet removed the debt conversion option liability was also $0. As of September 30, 2012 the derivative liability was $520,700, which was comprised of the warrant liability of $520,700.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 825-10 (formerly SFAS 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments”) defines financial instruments and requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments held by the Company. The Company considers the carrying amount of cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, to approximate their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization.

The Company also analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480-10 (formerly SFAS 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity”), ASC 815-10 (formerly SFAS No 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”) and ASC 815-40 (formerly EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”).

The Company adopted ASC 820-10 (formerly SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements”) on January 1, 2008. ASC 820-10 defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The three levels are defined as follow:

As at September 30, 2013 the Company did not identify any assets or liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value in accordance with ASC 825-10. All warrant and conversion derivative liabilities were converted and reduce to $0 as at September 30, 2013. For the year ended September 30, 2013, the Company recognized a loss of $97,600 on the change in fair value of derivative liabilities.

As of September 30, 2012 the Company’s warrant liability was carried at fair value totaling $520,700.  For the year ended September 30, 2012 the Company recognized a gain of $6,950,300 on the change in fair value of derivative liabilities.

Accounts Receivable

The Company estimates the collectability of customer receivables on an ongoing basis by reviewing past-due invoices and assessing the current creditworthiness of each customer.  Allowances are provided for specific receivables deemed to be at risk for collection.

Furniture and Equipment

 Furniture and equipment, which are recorded at cost, are depreciated over their estimated useful life on a straight-line basis.  The useful life of these assets is estimated to be from 3 to 5 years.  Depreciation for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were $13,000 and $18,800 respectively.  Accumulated depreciation at September 30, 2013 and 2012 was $64,800 and $50,700 respectively.

Offering Costs

The Company applies ASC topic 505-10, “Costs of an Equity Transaction”, for recognition of offering costs. In accordance with ASC 505-10, the Company treats incremental direct costs incurred to issue shares classified as equity, as a reduction of the proceeds. Direct costs incurred before shares classified as equity are issued, are classified as an asset until the stock is issued. Indirect costs such as management salaries or other general and administrative expenses and deferred costs of an aborted offering are expensed. Offering costs for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were $2,500 and $784,100 respectively.

Long-Lived Assets

As required by ASC 350-30 (formerly SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets) (“ASC 350-30”), the Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the historical cost-carrying value of an asset may no longer be appropriate. The Company assesses recoverability of the carrying value of the asset by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the asset, including eventual disposition. If the future net cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the difference between the asset’s carrying value and fair value. No impairment losses were recorded for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.

The Company adopted ASU 2012-02, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. The new guidance is intended to reduce the complexity and costs of the annual impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets by allowing companies to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of impairment to determine whether it should perform a quantitative impairment test.

Accounts Payable

This consists of trade payables of which $1,864,700 are due to law firms.

Revenues

The Company recognizes revenue on services in accordance with FASB ASC No. 605, “Revenue Recognition”.  In all cases, revenue is recognized when we have evidence of an arrangement, a determinable fee, and when collection is considered to be probable and services are delivered.

Research and Development Expenses

The Company charges all research and development expenses to operations as incurred.

Advertising Expenses

The Company charges all advertising expenses to operations as incurred. Advertising expenses for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were $14,400 and $57,400 respectively.

 Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has adopted ASC 718-20 (formerly SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment -revised 2004) (“ASC718-20”) and related interpretations which establish the accounting for equity instruments exchanged for employee services. Under ASC 718-20, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the calculated fair value of the award (see Note 5 for further discussion on valuations). The expense is recognized over the employees’ requisite service period, generally the vesting period of the award.

Inducement to Convert Debt

According to ASC 470-20-55, when a convertible debt instrument is converted to equity pursuant to an inducement offer, the debtor recognizes an expense equal to the fair value of all securities and other consideration transferred in the transaction in excess of the fair value of securities issuable pursuant to the original conversion terms. The fair value of the securities or other consideration is measured as of the date the inducement offer is accepted by the convertible debt holder.

Fair value of debt conversion on August 12, 2013

Based on the volume of shares traded on the open market, during the period April 1, 2013 through to August 12, 2013, the date of the conversion of all convertible debt with a conversion price of $1, management judged that the Company’s stock was not actively traded as only $277,636 worth of stock was traded on 42 of 95 trading days during this period at prices ranging from $0.41 to $2.50. There was a contemporaneous transaction whereby shares corresponding to $827,500 of a $2.0 million private placement of common stock purchased at a price of $0.25 per share by accredited third party investors. Given the low volume of stock that was traded, compared to the volume of the private placement of common stock, management’s judgment was that the pricing of the private placement of common stock at $0.25 per share represented a better determinant of fair value of the Company’s common stock upon the conversion of debt on August 12, 2013.

As the original conversion terms of the notes were at $1 into one share of common stock with a fair value of $0.25, so the three additional shares offered on conversion at $0.25 each represent the inducement to convert. In aggregate the inducement to convert totaled $5,792,500, or three quarters of the total balance of notes and interest converted on August 12, 2013.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Valuation allowances are recorded, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

As a result of the implementation of certain provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes, (formerly FIN 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109), (“ASC 740”), which clarifies the accounting and disclosure for uncertainty in tax positions, as defined. ASC 740 seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of the recognition and measurement related to accounting for income taxes.  The Company adopted the provisions of ASC 740 and have analyzed filing positions in each of the federal and state jurisdictions where required to file income tax returns, as well as all open tax years in these jurisdictions.  We have identified the U.S. federal and California as our "major" tax jurisdictions.  Generally, we remain subject to Internal Revenue Service examination of our 2007 through 2011 U.S. federal income tax returns, and remain subject to California Franchise Tax Board examination of our 2007 through 2011 California Franchise Tax Returns.  However, we have certain tax attribute carryforwards which will remain subject to review and adjustment by the relevant tax authorities until the statute of limitations closes with respect to the year in which such attributes are utilized.

We believe that our income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and do not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change to our financial position.  Therefore, no reserves for uncertain income tax positions have been recorded pursuant to ASC 740.  In addition, we did not record a cumulative effect adjustment related to the adoption of ASC 740.  Our policy for recording interest and penalties associated with income-based tax audits is to record such items as a component of income taxes.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

ASC 220-10 (formerly, SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income ) (“ASC 220-10”), requires disclosure of all components of comprehensive income (loss) on an annual and interim basis.  Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources.  The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) is the same as its reported net income (loss) for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.

Earnings (Loss) per Share

The Company has adopted the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States regarding earnings (loss) per, which requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share in conjunction with the disclosure of the methodology used in computing such earnings (loss) per share.

Basic earnings (loss) per share are computed by dividing income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted into common stock.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). The amendments in this ASU state that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, with certain exceptions. This ASU applies to all entities that have unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists at the reporting date. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of the standard update to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In April 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2013-07 Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205): Liquidation Basis of Accounting, in order to clarify when an entity should apply the liquidation basis of accounting. In addition, the guidance provides principles for the recognition and measurement of assets and liabilities and requirements for financial statements prepared using the liquidation basis of accounting. The amendments are effective for entities that determine liquidation is imminent during annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim reporting periods therein. The Company does not expect the adoption of the standard update to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-04 Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date, in order to provide guidance for the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this guidance is fixed at the reporting date, except for obligations addressed within existing guidance in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of the standard update to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02 Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, in order to improve the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in this Update seek to attain that objective by requiring an entity to report the effect of significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items in net income if the amount being reclassified is required under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to be reclassified in its entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts. This would be the case when a portion of the amount reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income is reclassified to a balance sheet account (for example, inventory) instead of directly to income or expense in the same reporting period. The amendments are effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The Company considers the adoption of the standard update will not impact its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-01 Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, in order to clarify that the scope of  Update 2011-11  applies to derivatives accounted for in accordance with  Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset in accordance with Section  210-20-45  or Section  815-10-45  or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. An entity is required to apply the amendments for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. An entity should provide the required disclosures retrospectively for all comparative periods presented. The Company does not expect the adoption of the standard update to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

On September 30, 2012 the Company discontinued its Clinical Services Operation at its wholly-owned subsidiary Neuro Therapy Clinic, Inc. (“NTC”), because the operation had persistent losses which could no longer be supported by the Company. Furthermore, the Company chose to focus its limited cash resources to conduct its clinical trial at Walter Reed.

As of September 30, 2012 the staff of NTC had departed and the premises were vacated. Prior to the clinic’s closure all patients were sent letters informing them where they could continue their treatment with their usual provider. Two of NTC’s providers joined a nearby psychiatric clinic operated by Compass Health Systems (“Compass”). NTC executed a business associate agreement with Compass to allow the confidential sharing of patient information and to enable the providers to continue to treat their patients. All revenues and operating expenses under this management agreement would belong to Compass. All NTC assets and liabilities incurred prior to October 1, 2012 would remain with CNS Response.

Summary Financial Data of Discontinued Operations:

Revenues, income before income taxes and net loss of NTC which are included in discontinued operations are as follows:

The assets and liabilities of NTC are as follows:

During 2010, 2011 and 2012 we entered into five private placement financings of convertible debt, all of which were converted to equity during fiscal year 2013 as summarized below.

As of September 30, 2013, no October 2010 Notes were outstanding. As of September 30, 2012, $3,023,900 of October 2010 Notes were outstanding with no debt discount. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the Company amortized $0 and $155,700 of debt discount respectively.

As of September 30, 2013, no January 2011 Notes were outstanding. As of September 30, 2012, $2,500,000 of the January 2011 Notes were outstanding with no debt discount. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 the Company amortized $0 and $1,105,200 of the debt discount respectively.

As of September 30, 2013, no October 2011 Notes were outstanding. As of September 30, 2012, $2,000,000 of the October 2011 Notes were outstanding with a debt discount of $416,700. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 the Company amortized $277,100 and $1,583,300 of the debt discount respectively.

As of September 30, 2013, the February 2011 Note was not outstanding. As of September 30, 2012, the $90,000 February 2011 Note was outstanding with a debt discount of $37,500. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 the Company amortized $15,000 and $52,500 of the debt discount respectively.

On October 19, 2012 the August 2012 Bridge Financing Purchase Agreement in connection with the August 2012 Bridge Notes was amended and restated (the “Amended and Restated Bridge Financing Purchase Agreement”) thereby extending the period for closing the sale of August 2012 Bridge Notes from October 15, 2012 to November 30, 2012. Additionally, the revised notes (“October 2012 Notes”) eliminated the mandatory conversion provision (upon a subsequent equity financing) included in the August 2012 Bridge Notes. Otherwise the October 2012 Bridge Notes had substantially the same terms as the August 2012 Notes.

The Amended and Restated Bridge Financing Purchase Agreement provided for the issuance and sale of Bridge Notes in the aggregate principal amount of up to $2,000,000, in one or multiple closings to occur no later than November 30, 2012. Additionally this amended and restated agreement also provided for the reissuance and replacement of the five August 2012 Notes with the revised October 2012 Notes.

Between January 31, 2013 and September 30, 2013 all $1,998,200 of October 2012 Notes and $81,800 of interest thereon were converted into 44,085,044 shares of common stock at $0.4718 per share.   

As of September 30, 2013, no October 2012 Notes were outstanding. As of September 30, 2012, $398,100 of the October 2012 Notes were outstanding with a debt discount of $370,200. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the Company amortized $370,200 and $29,800 of the debt discount respectively.

As of September 30, 2013, all convertible debt and interest thereon had been converted to 76,448,279 shares of common stock. As of September 30, 2012 the combined outstanding balance of all the above mentioned convertible debt was $8,012,000 with debt discount balance of $824,400. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the Company amortized $662,300 and $2,926,500 of the debt discount respectively.

According to ASC 470-20-55, when a convertible debt instrument is converted to equity pursuant to an inducement offer, the debtor recognizes an expense equal to the fair value of all securities and other consideration transferred in the transaction in excess of the fair value of securities issuable pursuant to the original conversion terms. The fair value of the securities or other consideration is measured as of the date the inducement offer is accepted by the convertible debt holder. In order to induce the holders of the October 2010 Notes, the January 2011 Notes, the October 2011 Notes and the February 2011 Note for which the original conversion terms were at $1 per share of common stock, the Board approved a 60-day period whereby the holders of these $1 notes could convert their notes at $0.25 per share of common stock, provided that 100% of these note holders agreed to convert. Effective August 12, 2013, all $1 note holders agreed to convert $7,723,300 of debt and interest thereon into 30,893,419 shares of common stock at $0.25 per share. Consequently, the fair value of three of the four shares converted per $1.00 in this transaction were determined to be an inducement to convert and were valued at an aggregate amount of $5,792,500; this amount was expensed as an Inducement to Convert on August 12, 2013.

Common and Preferred Stock

As of September 30, 2013, the Company is authorized to issue 165,000,000 shares of stock of which 150,000,000 are common stock at par value of $0.001 per share; the remaining 15,000,000 shares, with a par value of $0.001 per shares are blank-check preferred stock which the Board of Directors are expressly authorized to provide, for one or more series of preferred stock and, with respect to each such series, to fix the number of shares constituting such series and the designation of such series, the voting powers, if any, of the shares of such series, and the preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, if any, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the shares of such series. The powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights of each series of preferred stock, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, may differ from those of any and all other series at any time outstanding.

As of September 30, 2013, 92,716,562 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock were issued or outstanding.

As of September 30, 2013, CNS California is authorized to issue 100,000,000 no par value shares of two classes of stock, 80,000,000 of which was designated as common shares and 20,000,000 of which was designated as preferred shares.

As of September 30, 2013, Colorado CNS Response, Inc. is authorized to issue 1,000,000 no par value shares of common stock.

As of September 30, 2013, Neuro-Therapy Clinic, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Colorado CNS Response, Inc., is authorized to issue 10,000 shares of common stock, no par value per share.

On September 19, 2012, the BluMont Capital Corp. ITF Northern Rivers Innovation RSP Fund converted $1,900 on principal and interest of their $50,000 August 2012 Note to 40,000 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.04718 per share.

As a condition of the November 28, 2012 closing of the 2012 Bridge Financing, the Company also entered into Employment Compensation Forfeiture and Exchange Agreements (“Forfeiture and Exchange Agreements”) with three of its executive officers, George Carpenter, Paul Buck and Michael Darkoch. Pursuant to these agreements, the executives agreed to waive receipt of and release the Company from the payment of 50% of their salaries accrued from August 31, 2010 to September 30, 2012 (amount waived was $56,250 for George Carpenter, $66,083 for Paul Buck and $43,333 for Michael Darkoch), in consideration for which the Company agreed to issue to such executives a certain number of shares of its common stock (56,250 for George Carpenter, 66,083 for Paul Buck and 43,333 for Michael Darkoch). Any remaining accrued salary remains outstanding and shall be paid (i) from time to time at the discretion of the Board of Directors to the extent the Board of Directors determines that such payment will not jeopardize the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern; or (ii) upon the closing of any single financing transaction (including a single financing transaction that contemplates multiple closings) in which the Company receives proceeds of $5 million or more. Additionally, where applicable, the executives agreed to waive receipt of and release the Company from the payment of any previously approved bonus award. Under the agreements, the Company agreed to indemnify the executives for all federal and state income tax payable and actually paid by the executive related directly to the receipt of the common stock, the per share value of which was not expected to be more than the conversion price of the October 2012 Notes which was $0.04718 per share.

From January 18, 2013 through September 30, 2013 the $1,998,200 of October 2012 Note holders converted all their debt and interest thereon into 44,085,044 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, at a conversion price of $0.04718 per share. (Refer to Note 7. Related Party Transactions)

On January 31, 2013, the SAIL Capital Partners converted all their notes convertible at $1.00 in the aggregate principal amount of $1,250,000 and $219,800 of interest thereon into 1,469,816 shares of common stock. Of these conversions $250,000 was an October 2010 Note together with interest of $53,300 converted into 303,313 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $1.00 per share. $1,000,000 in aggregate were six January 2011 Notes together with interest of $166,500 which converted into 1,166,503 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $1.00.

From February 22, 2013 through April 1, 2013, 19 accredited investors purchased an aggregate of 4,180,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.25 per share in a private placement. The Company received gross aggregate cash proceeds of $1,045,000. (Refer to Note 7. Related Party Transactions)

On March 26, 2013 the Board resolved to amend the Company’s Charter in order to:

This amendment to the Charter was approved by more than 80% of the shareholders eligible to vote at the annual meeting of shareholders which was held on May 23, 2013.

From May 23, 2013, through September 12, 2013, 23 accredited investors purchased an aggregate of 8,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, at a price of $0.25 per share pursuant to a private placement. The Company received gross aggregate cash proceeds of $2,000,000. (Refer to Note 7. Related Party Transactions)

On August 12, 2013, pursuant to an offer to all holders of debt convertible into common stock at $1.00 per share, all holders agreed to convert $7,723,300 of convertible debt, which included $1,359,400 interest thereon, into 30,893,419 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a per share price of $0.25. (Refer to Note 7. Related Party Transactions)

Below is a summary of all promissory notes conversions:

From August 30, 2013, through September 30, 2013, pursuant to a subscription agreement, 10 vendors converted an aggregate $502,100 of payable into 2,008,318 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, at a price for $0.25 per share. (Refer to Note 7. Related Party Transactions)

Stock-Option Plan

On August 3, 2006, CNS California adopted the CNS California 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”). The 2006 Plan provides for the issuance of awards in the form of restricted shares, stock options (which may constitute incentive stock options (ISO) or non-statutory stock options (NSO), stock appreciation rights and stock unit grants to eligible employees, directors and consultants and is administered by the board of directors. A total of 333,334 shares of stock were initially reserved for issuance under the 2006 Plan.

 The 2006 Plan initially provided that in any calendar year, no eligible employee or director shall be granted an award to purchase more than 100,000 shares of stock. The option price for each share of stock subject to an option shall be (i) no less than the fair market value of a share of stock on the date the option is granted, if the option is an ISO, or (ii) no less than 85% of the fair market value of the stock on the date the option is granted, if the option is a NSO; provided, however, if the option is an ISO granted to an eligible employee who is a 10% shareholder, the option price for each share of stock subject to such ISO shall be no less than 110% of the fair market value of a share of stock on the date such ISO is granted. Stock options have a maximum term of ten years from the date of grant, except for ISOs granted to an eligible employee who is a 10% shareholder, in which case the maximum term is five years from the date of grant. ISOs may be granted only to eligible employees.

On March 3, 2010, the Board of Directors approved an amendment to the 2006 Plan which increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2006 plan from 333,334 to 666,667 shares of stock. The amendment also increased the limit on shares issued within a calendar year to any eligible employee or director from 100,000 to 133,333 shares of stock. The amendment was approved by shareholders at the annual meeting held on April 27, 2010.

On March 22, 2012, our Board of Directors approved the CNS Response, Inc. 2012 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2012 Plan”), reserved 333,334 shares of stock for issuance and approved the grant of options to purchase 42,670 shares of common stock pursuant to such plan at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, including options to purchase 8,334 shares to each of our directors Zachary McAdoo and Maurice DeWald.

On December 10, 2012, the Board approved the amendment of the Company’s 2012 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2012 Plan”) to increase the shares authorized for issuance under the 2012 Plan from 333,334 shares to 5,500,000 shares and granted to each of its three existing members as well as to each of the four New Board Members options to purchase 250,000 shares of its common stock pursuant to the 2012 Plan at an exercise price of $0.04718 per share. The options vest evenly over 36 months starting from the date of grant. The Board furthermore granted to each of the five former directors who had departed the Board effective November 30, 2012, (George Carpenter, Henry Harbin, George Kallins, David Jones, and Maurice DeWald), options to purchase 25,000 shares of its common stock pursuant to the 2012 Plan at an exercise price of $0.04718 per share. These options to former directors are fully vested. Finally, the Board granted to the Company’s executive officers options to purchase shares of its common stock pursuant to the 2012 Plan at an exercise price of $0.04718 per share as follows: George Carpenter 1,200,000 shares, Paul Buck 1,400,000 shares and Michael Darkoch 920,000 shares. These options vest in increments of 12.5% at the beginning of each quarter starting from the date of grant.

Based on the volume of shares traded on the open market, during the period October 1, 2012 through to December 10, 2012, the date of the option grant, management judged that the Company’s stock was not actively traded as only $15,000 worth of stock was traded on 11 of 48 trading days during this period at prices ranging from $0.76 to $0.83. In a contemporaneous transaction, Senior Secured Convertible Notes (“October 2012 Notes”) with a conversion price of $0.04718 were purchased by accredited third party investors. Given the very low volume of stock which was not actively traded, compared to the volume of October 2012 Notes purchased, management’s judgment was that the pricing of the October 2012 Notes at $0.04718 represented a better determinant of fair value of the Company’s common stock on December 10, 2012.

On January 14, 2013, the Board granted options to purchase 1,960,000 shares of common stock to members of staff and 1,600,000 share of common stock to key consultants. The options granted to staff vest evenly over 48 months starting on the date of grant. The options granted to consultants vest evenly over 36 months starting on the date of grant. All these options have an exercise price of $0.04718 per share.

Based on the volume of shares traded on the open market, during the period October 1, 2012 through to January 14, 2013, the date of the option grant, management judged that the Company’s stock was not actively traded as only $36,700 worth of stock was traded on 21 of 50 trading days during this period at prices ranging from $0.49 to $2.50. There had been a recent transaction which closed on November 30, 2012 whereby $2 million of Senior Secured Convertible Notes (“October 2012 Notes”) with a conversion price of $0.04718 were purchased by accredited third party investors. Given the very low volume of stock which was not actively traded, compared to the volume of October 2012 Notes purchased, management’s judgment was that the pricing of the October 2012 Notes at $0.04718 represented a better determinant of fair value of the Company’s common stock on January 14, 2013.

On March 26, 2013, the Board approved the amendment of the Company’s 2012 Plan to increase the shares authorized for issuance under the 2012 Plan from 5,500,000 shares to 15,000,000 shares. The Board also granted options to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock to Thomas Tierney upon his election to be Chairman of the Board of Directors. These options granted to Mr. Tierney vest evenly over 36 months starting on the date of grant and have an exercise price of $0.25 per share.

Based on the volume of shares traded on the open market, during the period January 1, 2013 through to March 26, 2013, the date of the option grant, management judged that the Company’s stock was not actively traded as only $283,400 worth of stock was traded on 22 of 58 trading days during this period at prices ranging from $0.46 to $0.83. There was a contemporaneous transaction whereby $695,000 worth of a $2.5 million private placement offering of common stock at a price of $0.25 per share were purchased by accredited third party investors. Given the low volume of stock which was not actively traded, compared to the volume of the private placement of common stock, management’s judgment was that the pricing of the private placement of common stock at $0.25 per share represented a better determinant of fair value of the Company’s common stock on March 26, 2013.

The 2012 Plan, as amended, was approved by our shareholders at the 2013 annual meeting held on May 23, 2013.

As of September 30, 2013, 70,825 options were exercised and there were 501,924 options and 6,132 restricted shares outstanding under the amended 2006 Plan leaving 87,786 shares which will not be issued as the 2006 Plan is frozen. 9,247,670 options have been issued under the 2012 Plan, none of which have been exercised, leaving 5,250,406 available for issuance.

The Company estimates the fair value of each option on the grant date using the Black-Scholes model.  The following assumptions were made in estimating the fair value:

Stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the employees’ or service provider’s requisite service period, generally the vesting period of the award. Stock-based compensation expense included in the accompanying statements of operations for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 is as follows:

Total unrecognized compensation as of September 30, 2013 amounted to $793,200.

A summary of stock option activity is as follows: