Enact Holdings, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-40399

Enact Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						46-1579166
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

8325 Six Forks Road

Raleigh, North Carolina 27615

(919) 846-4100

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

ACT

The Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 1, 2022, there were 162,842,614 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


			Page
Part I. Financial Information			4
Item 1. Financial Statements			4
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets			4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income			5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income			6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes In Equity			7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			9
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			10
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			31
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			63
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			64
Part II. Other Information			65
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			65
Item 1A. Risk Factors			65
Item 2. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities			65
Item 5. Other Information			65
Item 6. Exhibits			66
Signatures			67

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. These forward-looking statements may address, among other things, our expected financial and operational results, the related assumptions underlying our expected results and the quotations of management. These forward-looking statements are distinguished by use of words such as “will,” “would,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “believe,” “designed,” “plan,” or “intend,” the negative of these terms and similar references to future periods. These views involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and, accordingly, our actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements contained herein speak only as of the date of this quarterly report.

Although Enact Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) believes the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, the Company can give no assurance that its expectations will be achieved and it undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. Factors or events that we cannot predict, including the following, may cause our actual results to differ from those expressed in forward-looking statements:

•uncertainty around COVID-19 and its variants or the effects of government and other measures seeking to contain its spread, including risks related to an economic downturn or recession in the United States and in other countries around the world;

•inability to continue to maintain the private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements (“PMIERs”) or any other restrictions imposed on us by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), government-sponsored enterprises collectively referred to as the “GSEs”

•deterioration in economic conditions or a decline in home prices;

•uncertainty of our loss reserve estimates or inaccuracies in our models;

•competition for our customers or the loss of a significant customer;

•changes to the charters or practices of the GSEs, including actions or decisions to decrease or discontinue the use of mortgage insurance;

•lenders or investors seeking alternatives to private mortgage insurance;

•failure of our risk management or loss mitigation strategies;

•fluctuations and continued increases in interest rates;

•limited availability of capital or reinsurance;

•adverse actions by rating agencies;

•competition with government-owned enterprises and GSEs;

•failure to manage the risk in our investment portfolio;

•disruption in the servicing of mortgages covered by our insurance policies or poor servicer performance;

•unanticipated claims arising under and risks associated with our delegated underwriting program or contract underwriting program;

•inadequacy of the premiums we charge to compensate for the losses we incur;

•decrease in the volume of Low-Down Payment Loan originations;

•failure to protect our confidential customer information;

•adverse changes in regulatory requirements;

•inability to maintain sufficient regulatory capital;

•risks relating to our continuing relationship with our parent;

•changes in tax laws;

•litigation, regulatory investigations or other actions;

•changes in accounting principles or policies or in our application of such accounting principles or policies;

•inability to attract and retain key employees;

•failure or any compromise of the security of our computer systems, disaster recovery systems, business continuity plans and failures to safeguard or breaches of confidential information; and

•occurrence of natural or man-made disasters or public health emergencies, including pandemics and disasters caused or exacerbated by climate change

We provide additional information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 28, 2022, and in Part II. Item 1A Risk Factors of this report. In addition, unlisted factors may present significant additional obstacles to the realization of forward-looking statements. We therefore caution you against relying on any forward-looking statements.

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
(Amounts in thousands, except par value amount)	(Unaudited)
Assets

Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $5,420,533 and $5,160,174 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)	$	4,877,902	$	5,266,339
Short-term investments, at fair value	2,434		—
Total investments	4,880,336		5,266,339
Cash and cash equivalents	535,775		425,828
Accrued investment income	35,896		31,061
Deferred acquisition costs	26,310		27,220
Premiums receivable (net of allowance for credit losses of $834 and $948 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)	40,331		42,266
Deferred tax asset	135,152		—
Other assets	69,040		73,059
Total assets	$	5,722,840	$	5,865,773
Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Loss reserves	$	510,237	$	641,325
Unearned premiums	212,987		246,319
Other liabilities	140,413		130,604
Long-term borrowings	742,211		740,416
Deferred tax liability	—		1,586
Total liabilities	1,605,848		1,760,250
Equity:
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 600,000 shares authorized, 162,843 shares issued and outstanding)	1,628		1,628
Additional paid-in capital	2,379,576		2,371,861
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(427,085)		83,581
Retained earnings	2,162,873		1,648,453
Total equity	4,116,992		4,105,523
Total liabilities and equity	$	5,722,840	$	5,865,773

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	235,060	$	243,063	$	706,725	$	738,085
Net investment income	39,493		35,995		110,415		105,943
Net investment gains (losses)	(42)		580		(762)		(2,129)
Other income	564		671		1,826		3,114
Total revenues	275,075		280,309		818,204		845,013
Losses and expenses:
Losses incurred	(40,309)		34,124		(112,318)		119,501
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals	54,523		55,151		166,986		175,823
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles	3,338		3,669		9,658		11,104
Interest expense	12,879		12,756		38,441		38,238
Total losses and expenses	30,431		105,700		102,767		344,666
Income before income taxes	244,644		174,609		715,437		500,347
Provision for income taxes	53,658		37,401		155,086		107,196
Net income	$	190,986	$	137,208	$	560,351	$	393,151

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	1.17	$	0.84	$	3.44	$	2.41
Diluted	$	1.17	$	0.84	$	3.43	$	2.41
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	162,843		162,840		162,842		162,840
Diluted	163,376		162,852		163,219		162,844

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income	$	190,986	$	137,208	$	560,351	$	393,151
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities without an allowance for credit losses	(134,102)		(25,899)		(510,803)		(74,704)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities with an allowance for credit losses	—		—		—		—
Foreign currency translation	44		—		137		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(134,058)		(25,899)		(510,666)		(74,704)
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	56,928	$	111,309	$	49,685	$	318,447

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands)	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Retained earnings		Total equity
Balances as of June 30, 2022	$	1,628	$	2,377,042	$	(293,027)	$	1,994,857	$	4,080,500

Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	—		—		—		190,986		190,986
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		(134,058)		—		(134,058)

Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other	—		2,534		—		(172)		2,362
Dividends	—		—		—		(22,798)		(22,798)
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	1,628	$	2,379,576	$	(427,085)	$	2,162,873	$	4,116,992


	Three months ended September 30, 2021
(Amounts in thousands)	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Retained earnings		Total equity
Balances as of June 30, 2021	$	1,628	$	2,369,601	$	159,854	$	1,558,768	$	4,089,851

Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	—		—		—		137,208		137,208
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes	—		—		(25,899)		—		(25,899)


Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other	—		221		—		—		221

Balance as of September 30, 2021	$	1,628	$	2,369,822	$	133,955	$	1,695,976	$	4,201,381

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements


	Nine months ended September 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands)	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Retained earnings		Total equity
Balances as of December 31, 2021	$	1,628	$	2,371,861	$	83,581	$	1,648,453	$	4,105,523

Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	—		—		—		560,351		560,351
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		(510,666)		—		(510,666)

Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other	—		7,715		—		(335)		7,380
Dividends	—		—		—		(45,596)		(45,596)
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	1,628	$	2,379,576	$	(427,085)	$	2,162,873	$	4,116,992


	Nine months ended September 30, 2021
(Amounts in thousands)	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Retained earnings		Total equity
Balances as of December 31, 2020	$	1,628	$	2,368,699	$	208,378	$	1,303,106	$	3,881,811
Cumulative effect of change in accounting, net of taxes	—		—		281		(281)		—
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	—		—		—		393,151		393,151
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		(74,704)		—		(74,704)

Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other	—		221		—		—		221
Capital contributions from Genworth Financial, Inc.	—		902		—		—		902
Balances as of September 30, 2021	$	1,628	$	2,369,822	$	133,955	$	1,695,976	$	4,201,381

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	560,351	$	393,151
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net investment losses	762		2,129
Amortization of fixed maturity securities discounts and premiums	(1,992)		(6,884)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles	9,658		11,104
Acquisition costs deferred	(5,044)		(5,525)
Deferred income taxes	1,413		824
Stock-based compensation expense	7,401		221
Amortization of debt issuance costs	1,795		1,676
Other	(21)		908
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income	(4,835)		(2,162)
Premiums receivable	1,935		3,039
Other assets	381		(4,666)
Loss reserves	(131,088)		92,686
Unearned premiums	(33,332)		(52,139)
Other liabilities	(5,313)		(23,280)
Net cash provided by operating activities	402,071		411,082
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	(1,069,759)		(1,192,098)
Purchases of short-term investments	(2,453)		(12,500)
Proceeds from sales of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	451,285		292,697
Proceeds from maturities of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	374,399		499,607
Net cash used in investing activities	(246,528)		(412,294)
Cash flows from financing activities:


Dividends paid	(45,596)		—
Net cash used in financing activities	(45,596)		—

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	109,947		(1,212)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	425,828		452,794
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	535,775	$	451,582

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(1)Nature of Business, Organization Structure and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include, on a consolidated basis, the accounts of Enact Holdings, Inc. (“EHI,” together with its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) (formerly known as Genworth Mortgage Holdings, Inc.). EHI is a subsidiary of Genworth Financial, Inc. (“Genworth” or “Parent”) and has been since EHI’s incorporation in Delaware in 2012.

We are engaged in the business of writing and assuming residential mortgage guaranty insurance. The insurance protects lenders and investors against certain losses resulting from nonpayment of loans secured by mortgages, deeds of trust, or other instruments constituting a lien on residential real estate.

On May 3, 2021, EHI amended its certificate of incorporation to change its name from Genworth Mortgage Holdings, Inc. This amendment also authorized EHI to issue 600,000,000 shares of common stock, each having a par value of $0.01 per share. Concurrently, we entered into a share exchange agreement with Genworth Holdings, Inc. (“Genworth Holdings”), pursuant to which Genworth Holdings exchanged its 100 shares of common stock, representing all of the previously issued and outstanding capital stock, for 162,840,000 newly-issued shares of common stock, par value $0.01, of EHI. All of the share and per share information presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the share exchange on a retroactive basis for all periods and as of all dates presented.

On September 15, 2021, we priced our initial public offering (“IPO”) of common stock, which resulted in the issuance and sale of 13,310,400 shares of common stock at the IPO price of $19.00 per common share. All shares were offered by the selling stockholder, our parent company, Genworth Holdings. In addition to the shares sold in the IPO, 14,655,600 common shares were sold in a concurrent private sale (“Private Sale”) at a price per share of $17.86, which is equal to the IPO price less the underwriting discount share. Genworth Holdings also granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 1,996,560 common shares (“Over-Allotment Option”) at the IPO price less the underwriting discount. On September 16, 2021, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase all 1,996,560 common shares permitted under the terms of the underwriting agreement. The IPO, Private Sale and Over-Allotment Option (collectively the “Offering”) closed on September 20, 2021, and Genworth Holdings retained all net proceeds from the Offering. The gross proceeds of the Offering, before payment of underwriter fees and other expenses, were approximately $553 million. Costs directly related to the Offering, including underwriting fees and other expenses, were approximately $24 million.

We offer private mortgage insurance products predominantly insuring prime-based, individually underwritten residential mortgage loans (“primary mortgage insurance”). Our primary mortgage insurance enables borrowers to buy homes with a down payment of less than 20% of the home’s value. Primary mortgage insurance also facilitates the sale of these low down payment mortgage loans in the secondary mortgage market, most of which are sold to government sponsored enterprises. We also selectively enter into insurance transactions with lenders and investors, under which we insure a portfolio of loans at or after origination.

We operate our business through our primary insurance subsidiary, Enact Mortgage Insurance Corporation, (“EMICO”), formerly known as Genworth Mortgage Insurance Corporation, with operations in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. We completed name changes to some of our subsidiary legal entities during the first quarter of 2022. EMICO is an approved insurer by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”). Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are government-sponsored enterprises and we refer to them collectively as the “GSEs.”

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We also perform fee-based contract underwriting services for mortgage lenders. The provision of underwriting services by mortgage insurers eliminates the duplicative lender and mortgage insurer underwriting activities and expedites the approval process.

We operate our business in a single segment, which is how our chief operating decision maker (who is our Chief Executive Officer) reviews our financial performance and allocates resources. Our segment includes a run-off insurance block with reference properties in Mexico (“run-off business”), which is immaterial to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary by management to present a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results reported in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

(2)Accounting Changes

Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

We have not adopted new accounting pronouncements in 2022.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

There are no significant new accounting pronouncements impacting our financial statements.

(3)Investments

Net Investment Income

Sources of net investment income were as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	$	38,450	$	37,055	$	111,794	$	110,007
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	2,423		13		2,854		65
Gross investment income before expenses and fees	40,873		37,068		114,648		110,072
Investment expenses and fees	(1,380)		(1,073)		(4,233)		(4,129)
Net investment income	$	39,493	$	35,995	$	110,415	$	105,943

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Net Investment Gains (Losses)

The following table sets forth net investment gains (losses) for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Gross realized gains	$	573	$	839	$	1,214	$	1,423
Gross realized (losses)	(615)		(128)		(2,149)		(1,261)
Net realized gains (losses)	(42)		711		(935)		162
Net change in allowance for credit losses on fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	—		(131)		173		(2,291)

Net investment gains (losses)	$	(42)	$	580	$	(762)	$	(2,129)

There was no recorded allowance for credit losses for fixed maturity securities available-for-sale as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. There was no recorded allowance for credit losses for fixed maturity securities available-for-sale as of and for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

The following table represents the allowance for credit losses aggregated by security type for fixed maturity available-for-sale securities as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2021:


(Amounts in thousands)	Beginning balance		Cumulative effect of change in accounting		Increase from securities without allowance in previous periods		Securities sold		Ending balance
Fixed maturity securities:
Non-U.S. corporate	$	—	$	357	$	2,157	$	(2,514)	$	—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	$	—	$	357	$	2,157	$	(2,514)	$	—

Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

Net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities reflected as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) were as follows as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in thousands)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities:
Fixed maturity securities	$	(542,631)	$	106,165
Short-term investments	(19)		—
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	(542,650)		106,165
Income taxes	115,435		(22,577)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	$	(427,215)	$	83,588

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The change in net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities reported in accumulated other comprehensive income was as follows as of and for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	(293,113)	$	159,854

Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	(170,400)		(32,185)
Provision for income taxes	36,265		6,848
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	(134,135)		(25,337)
Reclassification adjustments to net investment (gains) losses, net of taxes of $(9) and $149, respectively	33		(562)
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)	(134,102)		(25,899)
Ending balance	$	(427,215)	$	133,955

	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	83,588	$	208,378
Cumulative effect of change in accounting, net of taxes	—		281
Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	(649,750)		(94,724)
Provision for income taxes	138,209		20,148
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	(511,541)		(74,576)
Reclassification adjustments to net investment (gains) losses, net of taxes of $(197) and $34, respectively	738		(128)
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)	(510,803)		(74,704)
Ending balance	$	(427,215)	$	133,955

Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income to net investment gains (losses) include realized gains (losses) on sales of securities, which are determined on a specific identification basis.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Fixed Maturity Securities Available-For-Sale

As of September 30, 2022, the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains (losses) and fair value of our investment securities were as follows:


(Amounts in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
U.S. government, agencies and GSEs	$	46,322	$	66	$	(1,734)	$	44,654
State and political subdivisions	528,255		2,429		(98,455)		432,229
Non-U.S. government	10,643		—		(1,391)		9,252
U.S. corporate	2,918,599		275		(279,690)		2,639,184
Non-U.S. corporate	721,819		17		(74,773)		647,063
Residential mortgage-backed	11,941		—		(198)		11,743
Other asset-backed	1,182,954		14		(89,191)		1,093,777
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	$	5,420,533	$	2,801	$	(545,432)	$	4,877,902
Short-term investments	2,453		—		(19)		2,434
Total investments available-for-sale	$	5,422,986	$	2,801	$	(545,451)	$	4,880,336

As of December 31, 2021, the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains (losses) and fair value of our investment securities were as follows:


(Amounts in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
U.S. government, agencies and GSEs	$	56,547	$	1,863	$	(2)	$	58,408
State and political subdivisions	531,927		10,982		(4,456)		538,453
Non-U.S. government	22,358		248		(190)		22,416
U.S. corporate	2,863,100		98,293		(16,090)		2,945,303
Non-U.S. corporate	652,503		17,556		(3,465)		666,594
Other asset-backed	1,033,739		6,989		(5,563)		1,035,165
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	$	5,160,174	$	135,931	$	(29,766)	$	5,266,339

There was no allowance for credit losses recorded fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Values of Fixed Maturity Securities Available-For-Sale

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our fixed maturity securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of September 30, 2022:


	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
(Amounts in thousands)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Number of securities	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Number of securities	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Number of securities
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and GSEs	$	43,752	$	(1,724)	18	$	95	$	(10)	1	$	43,847	$	(1,734)	19
State and political subdivisions	315,865		(74,515)		63	84,279		(23,940)		26	400,144		(98,455)		89
Non-U.S. government	—		—		—	9,252		(1,391)		1	9,252		(1,391)		1
U.S. corporate	2,289,613		(199,380)		522	347,057		(80,310)		56	2,636,670		(279,690)		578
Non-U.S. corporate	540,135		(52,646)		136	101,487		(22,127)		18	641,622		(74,773)		154
Residential mortgage-backed	11,743		(198)		6	—		—		—	11,743		(198)		6
Other asset-backed	906,744		(66,738)		261	162,110		(22,453)		33	1,068,854		(89,191)		294
Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	4,107,852	$	(395,201)	1,006	$	704,280	$	(150,231)	135	$	4,812,132	$	(545,432)	1,141

We did not recognize an allowance for credit losses on securities in an unrealized loss position included in the table above. Based on a qualitative and quantitative review of the issuers of the securities, we believe the decline in fair value is largely due to rising interest rates and recent market volatility, and is not indicative of credit losses. The issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments.

For all securities in an unrealized loss position without an allowance for credit losses, we expect to recover the amortized cost based on our estimate of the amount and timing of cash flows to be collected. We do not intend to sell nor do we expect that we will be required to sell these securities prior to recovering our amortized cost.

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our fixed maturity securities, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of December 31, 2021:


	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
(Amounts in thousands)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Number of securities	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Number of securities	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Number of securities
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and GSEs	$	103	$	(2)	1	$	—	$	—	—	$	103	$	(2)	1
State and political subdivisions	255,202		(4,456)		47	—		—		—	255,202		(4,456)		47
Non-U.S. government	10,560		(190)		1	—		—		—	10,560		(190)		1
U.S. corporate	649,927		(14,300)		94	26,181		(1,790)		4	676,108		(16,090)		98
Non-U.S. corporate	183,485		(3,465)		28	—		—		—	183,485		(3,465)		28
Other asset-backed	456,565		(5,549)		76	3,736		(14)		1	460,301		(5,563)		77
Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	1,555,842	$	(27,962)	247	$	29,917	$	(1,804)	5	$	1,585,759	$	(29,766)	252

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Contractual Maturities of Fixed Maturity Securities Available-For-Sale

The scheduled maturity distribution of fixed maturity securities as of September 30, 2022, is set forth below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers of securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


(Amounts in thousands)	Amortized cost		Fair value
Due one year or less	$	214,145	$	212,697
Due after one year through five years	2,154,780		2,013,369
Due after five years through ten years	1,569,701		1,314,043
Due after ten years	287,012		232,273
Subtotal	4,225,638		3,772,382
Residential mortgage-backed	11,941		11,743
Other asset-backed	1,182,954		1,093,777
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	$	5,420,533	$	4,877,902

As of September 30, 2022, securities issued by the finance and insurance, technology and communications, and consumer—non-cyclical industry groups represented approximately 32%, 14%, and 12%, respectively, of our domestic and foreign corporate fixed maturity securities portfolio. No other industry group comprised more than 9% of our investment portfolio.

As of September 30, 2022, we did not hold any fixed maturity securities in any single issuer, other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, which exceeded 10% of equity.

As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, $25.1 million and $22.9 million, respectively, of securities in our portfolio were on deposit with various state insurance commissioners in order to comply with relevant insurance regulations.

(4)Fair Value

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

We hold fixed maturity securities and short-term investments, which are carried at fair value. The fair value of fixed maturity securities and short-term investments are estimated primarily based on information derived from third-party pricing services (“pricing services”), internal models and/or broker quotes, which use a market approach, income approach or a combination of the market and income approach depending on the type of instrument and availability of information. In general, a market approach is utilized if there is readily available and relevant market activity for an individual security. In certain cases where market information is not available for a specific security but is available for similar securities, that security is valued using market information for similar securities, which is also a market approach. When market information is not available for a specific security (or similar securities) or is available but such information is less relevant or reliable, an income approach or a combination of a market and income approach is utilized. For securities with optionality, such as call or prepayment features (including asset-backed securities), an income or combination approach may be used. These valuation techniques may change from period to period, based on the relevance and availability of market data.

Further, while we consider the valuations provided by pricing services and broker quotes to be of high quality, management determines the fair value of our investment securities after considering all relevant and available information.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

In general, we first obtain valuations from pricing services. If prices are unavailable for public securities, we obtain broker quotes. For all securities, excluding certain private fixed maturity securities, if neither a pricing service nor broker quotes valuation is available, we determine fair value using internal models. For certain private fixed maturity securities where we do not obtain valuations from pricing services, we utilize an internal model to determine fair value since transactions for similar securities are not readily observable and these securities are not typically valued by pricing services.

Given our understanding of the pricing methodologies and procedures of pricing services, the securities valued by pricing services are typically classified as Level 2 unless we determine the valuation process for a security or group of securities utilizes significant unobservable inputs, which would result in the valuation being classified as Level 3.

Broker quotes are typically based on an income approach given the lack of available market data. As the valuation typically includes significant unobservable inputs, we classify the securities where fair value is based on our consideration of broker quotes as Level 3 measurements.

For private fixed maturity securities, we utilize an income approach where we obtain public bond spreads and utilize those in an internal model to determine fair value. Other inputs to the model include rating and weighted-average life, as well as sector which is used to assign the spread. We then add an additional premium, which represents an unobservable input, to the public bond spread to adjust for the liquidity and other features of our private placements. We utilize the estimated market yield to discount the expected cash flows of the security to determine fair value. We utilize price caps for securities where the estimated market yield results in a valuation that may exceed the amount that would be received in a market transaction. When a security does not have an external rating, we assign the security an internal rating to determine the appropriate public bond spread that should be utilized in the valuation. While we generally consider the public bond spreads by sector and maturity to be observable inputs, we evaluate the similarities of our private placement with the public bonds, any price caps utilized, liquidity premiums applied, and whether external ratings are available for our private placements to determine whether the spreads utilized would be considered observable inputs. We classify private securities without an external rating or public bond spread as Level 3. In general, a significant increase (decrease) in credit spreads would have resulted in a significant decrease (increase) in the fair value for our fixed maturity securities as of September 30, 2022.

For remaining securities priced using internal models, we determine fair value using an income approach. We maximize the use of observable inputs but typically utilize significant unobservable inputs to determine fair value. Accordingly, the valuations are typically classified as Level 3.

Our assessment of whether or not there were significant unobservable inputs related to fixed maturity securities was based on our observations obtained through the course of managing our investment portfolio, including interaction with other market participants, observations related to the availability and consistency of pricing and/or rating, and understanding of general market activity such as new issuance and the level of secondary market trading for a class of securities. Additionally, we considered data obtained from pricing services to determine whether our estimated values incorporate significant unobservable inputs that would result in the valuation being classified as Level 3.

A summary of the inputs used for our fixed maturity securities and short-term investments based on the level in which instruments are classified is included below. We have combined certain classes of instruments together as the nature of the inputs is similar.

Level 1 measurements

There were no fixed maturity securities classified as Level 1 as of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Level 2 measurements

Fixed maturity securities:

Third-party pricing services

In estimating the fair value of fixed maturity securities, approximately 89% of our portfolio was priced using third-party pricing services as of September 30, 2022. These pricing services utilize industry-standard valuation techniques that include market-based approaches, income-based approaches, a combination of market-based and income-based approaches or other proprietary, internally generated models as part of the valuation processes. These third-party pricing vendors maximize the use of publicly available data inputs to generate valuations for each asset class. Priority and type of inputs used may change frequently as certain inputs may be more direct drivers of valuation at the time of pricing. Examples of significant inputs incorporated by pricing services may include sector and issuer spreads, seasoning, capital structure, security optionality, collateral data, prepayment assumptions, default assumptions, delinquencies, debt covenants, benchmark yields, trade data, dealer quotes, credit ratings, maturity and weighted-average life. We conduct regular meetings with our pricing services for the purpose of understanding the methodologies, techniques and inputs used by the third-party pricing providers.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents a summary of the significant inputs used by our pricing services for certain fair value measurements of fixed maturity securities that are classified as Level 2 as of September 30, 2022:

(Amounts in thousands)

Fair value

Primary methodologies

Significant inputs

U.S. government, agencies and GSEs

44,654

Price quotes from trading desk, broker feeds

Bid side prices, trade prices, Option Adjusted Spread (“OAS”) to swap curve, Bond Market Association OAS, Treasury Curve, Agency Bullet Curve, maturity to issuer spread

State and political subdivisions

432,229

Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, third-party pricing vendors

Trade prices, material event notices, Municipal Market Data benchmark yields, broker quotes

Non-U.S. government

9,252

Matrix pricing, spread priced to benchmark curves, price quotes from market makers

Benchmark yields, trade prices, broker quotes, comparative transactions, issuer spreads, bid-offer spread, market research publications, third-party pricing sources

U.S. corporate

2,256,976

Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, broker quotes, price quotes from market makers, internal models, OAS-based models

Bid side prices to Treasury Curve, Issuer Curve, which includes sector, quality, duration, OAS percentage and change for spread matrix, trade prices, comparative transactions, Trade Reporting and Compliance Engine (“TRACE”) reports

Non-U.S. corporate

476,784

Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, OAS-based models, price quotes from market makers

Benchmark yields, trade prices, broker quotes, comparative transactions, issuer spreads, bid-offer spread, market research publications, third-party pricing sources

Residential mortgage-backed

11,743

OAS-based models, single factor binomial models, internally priced

Prepayment and default assumptions, aggregation of bonds with similar characteristics, including collateral type, vintage, tranche type, weighted-average life, weighted-average loan age, issuer program and delinquency ratio, pay up and pay down factors, TRACE reports

Other asset-backed

1,086,134

Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, spread matrix priced to swap curves, price quotes from market makers

Spreads to daily updated swap curves, spreads derived from trade prices and broker quotes, bid side prices, new issue data, collateral performance, analysis of prepayment speeds, cash flows, collateral loss analytics, historical issue analysis, trade data from market makers, TRACE reports

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Internal models

A portion of our Level 2 U.S. corporate and non-U.S. corporate securities are valued using internal models. The fair value of these fixed maturity securities was $165.3 million and $91.7 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2022. Internally modeled securities are primarily private fixed maturity securities where we use market observable inputs such as an interest rate yield curve, published credit spreads for similar securities based on the external ratings of the instrument and related industry sector of the issuer. Additionally, we may apply certain price caps and liquidity premiums in the valuation of private fixed maturity securities. Price caps and liquidity premiums are established using inputs from market participants.

Short-term investments:

The fair value of short-term investments classified as Level 2 is determined after considering prices obtained by pricing services.

Level 3 measurements

Broker quotes

A portion of our U.S. corporate and other asset-backed securities are valued using broker quotes. Broker quotes are obtained from third-party providers that have current market knowledge to provide a reasonable price for securities not routinely priced by pricing services. Brokers utilized for valuation of assets are reviewed annually. The fair value of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities priced by broker quotes was $10.8 million as of September 30, 2022.

Internal models

A portion of our U.S. corporate and non-U.S. corporate securities are valued using internal models. The primary inputs to the valuation of the bond population include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, duration, call provisions, issuer rating, benchmark yields and credit spreads. Certain private fixed maturity securities are valued using an internal model using market observable inputs such as the interest rate yield curve, as well as published credit spreads for similar securities, which includes significant unobservable inputs. Additionally, we may apply certain price caps and liquidity premiums in the valuation of private fixed maturity securities. Price caps are established using inputs from market participants. For structured securities, the primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, weighted-average coupon, weighted-average maturity, issuer rating, structure of the security, expected prepayment speeds and volumes, collateral type, current and forecasted loss severity, average delinquency rates, vintage of the loans, geographic region, debt service coverage ratios, payment priority with the tranche, benchmark yields and credit spreads. The fair value of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities priced using internal models was $292.3 million as of September 30, 2022.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables set forth our assets by class of instrument that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and GSEs	$	44,654	$	—	$	44,654	$	—
State and political subdivisions	432,229		—		432,229		—
Non-U.S. government	9,252		—		9,252		—
U.S. corporate	2,639,184		—		2,422,247		216,937
Non-U.S. corporate	647,063		—		568,447		78,616
Residential mortgage-backed	11,743		—		11,743		—
Other asset-backed	1,093,777		—		1,086,134		7,643
Total fixed maturity securities	4,877,902		—		4,574,706		303,196
Short-term investments	2,434		—		2,434		—
Total	$	4,880,336	$	—	$	4,577,140	$	303,196


	December 31, 2021
(Amounts in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and GSEs	$	58,408	$	—	$	58,408	$	—
State and political subdivisions	538,453		—		538,453		—
Non-U.S. government	22,416		—		22,416		—
U.S. corporate	2,945,303		—		2,724,570		220,733
Non-U.S. corporate	666,594		—		582,930		83,664
Other asset-backed	1,035,165		—		1,010,942		24,223

Total	$	5,266,339	$	—	$	4,937,719	$	328,620

We had no liabilities recorded at fair value as of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value as of or for the dates indicated:


	Beginning balance as of July 1, 2022		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)				Purchases		Settlements		Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of September 30, 2022		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in thousands)			Included in net income		Included in OCI										Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. corporate	$	216,654	$	(14)	$	(9,292)	$	9,999	$	(410)	$	—	$	—		$	216,937	$	(14)	$	(9,293)
Non-U.S. corporate	83,305		(86)		(2,498)		8,000		(10,105)		—		—			78,616		(86)		(2,501)
Other asset-backed	15,054		—		(523)		7,823		—		—		(14,711)			7,643		—		(180)
Total	$	315,013	$	(100)	$	(12,313)	$	25,822	$	(10,515)	$	—	$	(14,711)		$	303,196	$	(100)	$	(11,974)

	Beginning balance as of July 1, 2021		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)				Purchases		Settlements		Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of September 30, 2021		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in thousands)			Included in net income		Included in OCI										Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. corporate	$	129,613	$	(30)	$	(2,778)	$	53,000	$	(3,426)	$	4,318	$	(3,010)		$	177,687	$	(30)	$	(2,769)
Non-U.S. corporate	91,157		958		(644)		6,000		(14,148)		3,010		—			86,333		(83)		235
Other asset-backed	10,015		—		(170)		10,000		(1,459)		—		—			18,386		—		(146)
Total	$	230,785	$	928	$	(3,592)	$	69,000	$	(19,033)	$	7,328	$	(3,010)		$	282,406	$	(113)	$	(2,680)

______________

(1)The transfers into and out of Level 3 for fixed maturity securities were related to changes in the primary pricing source and changes in the observability of external information used in determining the fair value, such as external ratings or credit spreads.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2022		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)				Purchases		Settlements		Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of September 30, 2022		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in thousands)			Included in net income		Included in OCI										Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. corporate	$	220,733	$	(42)	$	(39,462)	$	49,968	$	(850)	$	—	$	(13,410)		$	216,937	$	(42)	$	(38,970)
Non-U.S. corporate	83,664		(254)		(11,768)		21,009		(10,316)		—		(3,719)			78,616		(254)		(11,476)
Other asset-backed	24,223		—		(2,090)		22,820		—		—		(37,310)			7,643		—		(123)
Total	$	328,620	$	(296)	$	(53,320)	$	93,797	$	(11,166)	$	—	$	(54,439)		$	303,196	$	(296)	$	(50,569)

(Amounts in thousands)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)				Purchases		Settlements		Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of September 30, 2021		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
			Included in net income		Included in OCI										Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. corporate	$	119,373	$	(92)	$	(3,750)	$	71,000	$	(8,914)	$	7,397	$	(7,327)		$	177,687	$	(92)	$	(4,029)
Non-U.S. corporate	95,751		868		3,147		42,786		(25,044)		3,010		(34,185)			86,333		(168)		(683)
Other asset-backed	13,781		—		(104)		10,000		(2,723)		—		(2,568)			18,386		—		(130)
Total	$	228,905	$	776	$	(707)	$	123,786	$	(36,681)	$	10,407	$	(44,080)		$	282,406	$	(260)	$	(4,842)

______________

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements represent the activity that occurred during the period that results in a change of the asset but does not represent changes in fair value for the instruments held at the beginning of the period. Such activity consists of purchases, sales and settlements of fixed maturity securities.

The amount presented for realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net income for fixed maturity securities primarily represents amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on certain fixed maturity securities recorded within net investment income.

The following table presents a summary of the significant unobservable inputs used for certain asset fair value measurements that are based on internal models and classified as Level 3 as of September 30, 2022:

(Amounts in thousands)

Valuation

technique

Fair value (1)

Unobservable

input

Range (bps)

Weighted-

average (2) (bps)

Fixed maturity securities:

U.S. corporate

Internal models

213,731

Credit spreads

50 - 230

153

Non-U.S. corporate

Internal models

78,614

Credit spreads

91 - 242

159

______________

(1)Certain classes of instruments classified as Level 3 are excluded as a result of not being material or due to limitations in being able to obtain the underlying inputs used by certain third-party sources, such as broker quotes, used as an input in determining fair value.

(2)Unobservable inputs weighted by the relative fair value of the associated instrument.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Liabilities Not Required to Be Carried at Fair Value

We have certain financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value, including cash and cash equivalents and accrued investment income, the carrying value of which approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments and are not included in this disclosure.

The following represents our estimated fair value of financial liabilities that are not required to be carried at fair value, classified as Level 2, as of the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(Amounts in thousands)	Carrying amount		Fair value		Carrying amount		Fair value
Long-term borrowings	$	742,211	$	719,213	$	740,416	$	821,033

(5)Loss Reserves

Activity for the liability for loss reserves for the nine months ended September 30, is summarized as follows:


(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Loss reserves, beginning balance	$	641,325	$	555,679
Run-off reserves	(681)		(654)
Net loss reserves, beginning balance	640,644		555,025

Losses and LAE incurred related to current accident year	138,504		104,939
Losses and LAE incurred related to prior accident years	(250,799)		14,468
Total incurred (1)	(112,295)		119,407

Losses and LAE paid related to current accident year	(1,005)		(1,574)
Losses and LAE paid related to prior accident years	(17,772)		(25,194)
Total paid (1)	(18,777)		(26,768)

Net loss reserves, ending balance	509,572		647,664
Run-off reserves	665		701
Loss reserves, ending balance	$	510,237	$	648,365

______________

(1)Losses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) incurred and paid exclude losses related to our run-off business.

The liability for loss reserves represents our current best estimate; however, there may be future adjustments to this estimate and related assumptions. Such adjustments, reflecting any variety of new and adverse trends, could possibly be significant, and result in future increases to reserves by amounts that could be material to our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.

Losses incurred related to insured events of the current accident year relate to defaults that occurred in that year and represent the estimated ultimate amount of losses to be paid on such defaults. Losses incurred related to insured events of prior accident years represent the (favorable) or unfavorable development of reserves as a result of the actual rates at which delinquencies go to claim (“claim rates”) and claim amounts being different than those we estimated when originally establishing the reserves.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Such estimates are based on our historical experience, which we believe is representative of expected future losses at the time of estimation. As a result of the extended period of time that may exist between the reporting of a delinquency and the claim payment, as well as changes in economic conditions and the real estate market, significant uncertainty and variability exist on amounts ultimately paid.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, losses and LAE incurred of $139 million related to insured events of the current accident year was primarily attributable to new delinquencies, a portion of which was from borrowers participating in deferred or reduced payments (“forbearance”) as a result of COVID-19. When establishing loss reserves for borrowers in forbearance, we assume a lower rate of delinquencies becoming active claims, which has the effect of producing a lower reserve compared to delinquencies that are not in forbearance. Historical experience with localized natural disasters, such as hurricanes, indicates a higher cure rate for borrowers in forbearance. Unlike a hurricane where the natural disaster occurs at a point in time and the rebuild starts soon after, COVID-19 brought ongoing displacement to the mortgage insurance market, making it more difficult to determine the effectiveness of forbearance and the resulting claim rates for new delinquencies in forbearance plans. Given this difference, we initially leveraged our prior hurricane experience and have recently layered in cure activity from COVID-19 related delinquencies as considerations in the establishment of an appropriate claim rate estimate for new delinquencies in forbearance plans that have emerged as a result of COVID-19. Loss reserves recorded on these new delinquencies have a high degree of estimation due to the level of uncertainty regarding whether delinquencies in forbearance will ultimately cure or result in claim payments. Losses in current accident year were also impacted by $25 million of reserve strengthening due to uncertainty in the current economic environment.

We also recorded favorable adjustments on prior accident year reserves of $251 million, which was primarily driven by performance of delinquencies from 2020 related to the emergence of COVID-19. During the peak of COVID-19, we experienced elevated new delinquencies subject to forbearance plans. Those delinquencies have continued to cure at levels above our reserve expectations. During the first nine months of 2021, existing reserves were strengthened by $10 million primarily driven by slower early cure emergence patterns on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies.

(6)Reinsurance

We reinsure a portion of our policy risks in order to reduce our ultimate losses, diversify our exposures and comply with regulatory requirements. We also assume certain policy risks written by other companies.

Reinsurance does not relieve us from our obligations to policyholders. In the event that the reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations, we remain liable for the reinsured claims. We monitor both the financial condition of individual reinsurers and risk concentrations arising from similar geographic regions, activities and economic characteristics of reinsurers to lessen the risk of default by such reinsurers.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth the effects of reinsurance on premiums written and earned for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net premiums written:
Direct	$	243,655	$	252,719	$	732,079	$	738,848
Assumed	64		78		198		249
Ceded	(20,453)		(18,500)		(58,884)		(53,150)
Net premiums written	$	223,266	$	234,297	$	673,393	$	685,947

Net premiums earned:
Direct	$	255,449	$	261,485	$	765,411	$	790,986
Assumed	64		78		198		249
Ceded	(20,453)		(18,500)		(58,884)		(53,150)
Net premiums earned	$	235,060	$	243,063	$	706,725	$	738,085

The difference between written premiums of $223.3 million and earned premiums of $235.1 million represents the decrease in unearned premiums for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The difference between written premiums of $673.4 million and earned premiums of $706.7 million represents the decrease in unearned premiums for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease in unearned premiums for each period was primarily the result of policy cancellations in our single premium mortgage insurance product.

Insurance-linked note excess of loss reinsurance treaties

On September 2, 2021, we obtained $371.5 million of excess of loss reinsurance coverage from Triangle Re 2021-3 Ltd. (“Triangle Re 2021-3”) on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from January 2021 through June 2021. In connection with entering into the reinsurance agreement with Triangle Re 2021-3, we believe that the risk transfer requirements for reinsurance accounting were met as Triangle Re 2021-3 is assuming significant insurance risk and a reasonable possibility of significant loss. At closing, we retain the first layer of aggregate losses up to $303.5 million. Triangle Re 2021-3 provides 72% reinsurance coverage for losses above our retained layer up to $371.5 million.

On April 16, 2021, we obtained $302.7 million of excess of loss reinsurance coverage from Triangle Re 2021-2 Ltd. (“Triangle Re 2021-2”) on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from September 2020 through December 2020. In connection with entering into the reinsurance agreement with Triangle Re 2021-2, we believe that the risk transfer requirements for reinsurance accounting were met as Triangle Re 2021-2 is assuming significant insurance risk and a reasonable possibility of significant loss. For the reinsurance coverage, we retain the first layer of aggregate losses up to $188.6 million. Triangle Re 2021-2 provides 76% reinsurance coverage for losses above our retained first layer up to $302.7 million.

On March 2, 2021, we obtained $495.0 million of excess of loss reinsurance coverage from Triangle Re 2021-1 Ltd. (“Triangle Re 2021-1”) on a portfolio of existing seasoned mortgage insurance policies written from January 2014 through December 2018 and from October 2019 through December 2019. In connection with entering into the reinsurance agreement with Triangle Re 2021-1, we believe that the risk transfer requirements for reinsurance accounting were met as Triangle Re 2021-1 is assuming significant insurance risk and a reasonable possibility of significant loss. Triangle Re 2021-1 reinsurance coverage is derived by applying a reinsurance cession percentage to the mortgage insurance coverage for each loan

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

to get to an Aggregate Exposed Principal Balance (“AEPB”). This AEPB accounts for any existing reinsurance and ensures we retain a minimum 5% vertical risk retention on each loan. For the reinsurance coverage, we retain the first layer of aggregate losses up to $212.1 million. Triangle Re 2021-1 provides 100% reinsurance coverage for losses above our retained first layer up to $495.0 million.

Other excess of loss reinsurance treaties

On September 15, 2022, we executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to $201 million of reinsurance coverage on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from January 1, 2022 through June 30, 2022, effective September 1, 2022.

On March 24, 2022, we executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to $325 million of reinsurance coverage on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from July 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021, effective March 1, 2022.

On January 27, 2022, we executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to $294 million of reinsurance coverage on a portion of current and expected new insurance written for the 2022 book year, effective January 1, 2022.

On February 4, 2021, we executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to $206 million of reinsurance coverage on a portion of current and expected new insurance written (“NIW”) for the 2021 book year, effective January 1, 2021.

(7)Borrowings

In 2020, we issued $750 million aggregate principal amount of 6.5% senior notes due in 2025 (the “2025 Senior Notes”). Interest on the 2025 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year. The 2025 Senior Notes mature on August 15, 2025.

The following table sets forth long-term borrowings as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in thousands)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
6.5% Senior Notes, due 2025	$	750,000	$	750,000
Deferred borrowing charges	(7,789)		(9,584)
Total	$	742,211	$	740,416

Revolving Credit Agreement

On June 30, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders that provides for a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) in the initial aggregate principal amount of $200 million, including the ability for EHI to increase the commitments under the Facility, on an uncommitted basis, by an additional aggregate principal amount of up to $100 million. Borrowings under the Facility will accrue interest at a floating rate tied to a standard short-term borrowing index, selected at EHI’s option, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin is based on the ratings established by certain debt rating agencies for EHI’s senior unsecured debt.

We may use borrowings under the Facility for working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including the execution of dividends to our shareholders and capital contributions to our insurance subsidiaries. The Facility contains several covenants, including financial covenants relating to minimum net worth, capital and liquidity levels, maximum debt to capitalization level and PMIERS compliance. We are in compliance with all covenants of the Facility and the Facility remained undrawn as of September 30, 2022.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(8)Income Taxes

We compute the provision for income taxes on a separate return with benefits-for-loss method. If during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we had computed taxes using the separate return method, the provision for income taxes would have been unchanged.

(9)Related Party Transactions

We have various agreements with Genworth that provide for reimbursement to and from Genworth of certain administrative and operating expenses that include, but are not limited to, information technology services and administrative services (such as finance, human resources, employee benefit administration and legal). These agreements provide for an allocation of corporate expenses to all Genworth businesses or subsidiaries. We incurred costs for these services of $7.5 million and $8.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We incurred costs for these services of $22.9 million and $37.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The investment portfolios of our insurance subsidiaries are managed by Genworth. Under the terms of the investment management agreement, we are charged a fee by Genworth. All fees paid to Genworth are charged to investment expense and are included in net investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The total investment expenses paid to Genworth were $1.4 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The total investment expenses paid to Genworth were $4.2 million and $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Our employees participate in certain benefit plans sponsored by Genworth and certain share-based compensation plans that utilize shares of Genworth common stock and other incentive plans.

We provide certain information technology and administrative services (such as facilities and maintenance) to Genworth. We charged Genworth $0.2 million and $0.1 million for these services for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We charged Genworth $0.6 million and $0.2 million for these services for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

We have a tax sharing agreement in place with Genworth, such that we participate in a single U.S. consolidated income tax return filing. All intercompany balances related to this agreement are settled at least annually.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the following amounts due to and from Genworth relating to recurring service and expense agreements as of:


(Amounts in thousands)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Amounts payable to Genworth	$	12,082	$	8,316
Amounts receivable from Genworth	$	14	$	133

(10)Net Income Per Common Share

The basic earnings per share computation is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the calculation of dilutive weighted average shares considers the impact of restricted stock units and performance stock units issued to employees as well deferred stock units issued to our directors.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The calculation of basic and diluted net income per share is as follows:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income available to EHI common stockholders	$	190,986	$	137,208	$	560,351	$	393,151
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	1.17	$	0.84	$	3.44	$	2.41
Diluted	$	1.17	$	0.84	$	3.43	$	2.41
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	162,843		162,840		162,842		162,840
Diluted	163,376		162,852		163,219		162,844

(11)Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following tables present a roll forward of accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months indicated:


(Amounts in thousands)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)		Foreign currency translation		Total
Balance as of July 1, 2022, net of tax	$	(293,113)	$	86	$	(293,027)

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(134,135)		44		(134,091)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)	33		—		33
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(134,102)		44		(134,058)
Balance as of September 30, 2022, net of tax	$	(427,215)	$	130	$	(427,085)

(Amounts in thousands)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)		Foreign currency translation		Total
Balance as of July 1, 2021, net of tax	$	159,854	$	—	$	159,854
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(25,337)		—		(25,337)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)	(562)		—		(562)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(25,899)		—		(25,899)
Balance as of September 30, 2021, net of tax	$	133,955	$	—	$	133,955

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present a roll forward of accumulated other comprehensive income for the nine months indicated:


(Amounts in thousands)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)		Foreign currency translation		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2022, net of tax	$	83,588	$	(7)	$	83,581
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(511,541)		137		(511,404)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)	738		—		738
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(510,803)		137		(510,666)
Balance as of September 30, 2022, net of tax	$	(427,215)	$	130	$	(427,085)

(Amounts in thousands)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)		Foreign currency translation		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2021, net of tax	$	208,378	$	—	$	208,378
Cumulative effective of change in accounting, net of taxes	281		—		281
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(74,576)		—		(74,576)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)	(128)		—		(128)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(74,704)		—		(74,704)
Balance as of September 30, 2021, net of tax	$	133,955	$	—	$	133,955

The following table presents the effect of the reclassifications of significant items out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items of the consolidated statements of income, for the periods indicated:


	Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income								Affected line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income
	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	$	(42)	$	711	$	(935)	$	162	Net investment gains (losses)
Benefit (expense) from income taxes	9		(149)		197		(34)		Provision for income taxes

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021 (the “Annual Report”).

In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from management’s expectations. Factors that could cause such differences are discussed in the sections entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above and Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report and Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report. Future results could differ significantly from the historical results presented in this section. References to EHI, Enact, Enact Holdings, the “Company,” “we” or “our” herein are, unless the context otherwise requires, to EHI on a consolidated basis.

Key Factors Affecting Our Results

There have been no material changes to the factors affecting our results, as compared to those disclosed in the Annual Report, other than the impact of items as discussed below in “—Trends and Conditions”.

Trends and Conditions

During the third quarter of 2022, the United States and global economies experienced continued volatility due to high inflation, geopolitical uncertainty and supply chain disruption. Inflationary pressures lessened in the third quarter of 2022, but remain elevated with the Bureau of Labor Statistics reporting in September that the Consumer Price Index was 8.2% year-over-year. As a result, the Federal Reserve has continued its aggressive approach towards addressing inflation through interest rate increases and a reduction of its balance sheet. The Federal Reserve approved an interest rate increase of 0.75% in November 2022 following increases of 0.75% in September, July and June 2022, 0.50% in May 2022 and 0.25% in the first quarter of 2022. Financial markets have reacted with increased volatility and rates have increased across the Treasury yield curve.

Mortgage origination activity continued to decline during the third quarter of 2022 in response to rising mortgage rates. The refinance market is likely to remain low as the Federal Reserve has signaled that it may make additional interest rate increases to address persistent inflationary pressure. Housing affordability remains challenged as of August 2022 compared to the past few years due to sharply increasing interest rates and rising home prices, modestly offset by rising median family income according to the National Association of Realtors Housing Affordability Index. Year-over-year home price appreciation has slowed throughout 2022, and in July 2022, home prices declined for the first time in more than two years, according to the FHFA Monthly Purchase-Only House Price Index.

The unemployment rate ticked down slightly to 3.5% in September 2022 compared to 3.6% in June 2022, following a steady decline from its peak of 14.8% in April 2020, bringing unemployment in line with the pre-COVID-19 level of 3.5% in February 2020. In the third quarter of 2022, the number of unemployed Americans stands at approximately 5.8 million, relatively in line with February 2020 metrics. Among the unemployed, those on temporary layoff remained at approximately 0.8 million, down significantly from a peak of 18 million in April 2020, and the number of permanent job losses remained at approximately 1.2 million. In addition, the number of long term unemployed over 26 weeks was approximately 1.1 million in September 2022.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) and the GSEs are focused on increasing the accessibility and affordability of homeownership, in particular for low- and moderate-income borrowers and underserved minority communities. In June 2022, the FHFA announced the release of Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s respective Equitable Housing Finance Plans. The proposals included many initiatives, including language discussing potential changes that could impact the mortgage insurance industry. These initiatives remain preliminary, and we will continue to work with the FHFA, the GSEs, and the broader housing finance industry as these proposals develop and to the extent they are implemented. We cannot predict whether or when any new practices or programs will be implemented under the GSEs’ Equitable Housing Finance Plans or other affordability initiatives, and if so in what form, nor can we predict what effect, if any, such practices or programs may have on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

For mortgages insured by the federal government (including those purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac), forbearance allows borrowers impacted by COVID-19 to temporarily suspend mortgage payments up to 18 months subject to certain limits. An initial forbearance period is typically up to six months and can be extended for another six months if requested by the borrower to its mortgage servicer. For GSE loans in a COVID-19 forbearance plan as of February 28, 2021, the maximum forbearance can be up to 18 months. Currently, the GSEs do not have a deadline for requesting an initial forbearance. Even though most foreclosure moratoriums expired at the end of 2021, federal laws and regulations continue to require servicers to discuss loss mitigation options with borrowers before proceeding with foreclosures. These requirements could further extend the foreclosure timeline, which could negatively impact the severity of loss on loans that go to claim.

Although it is difficult to predict the future level of reported forbearance and how many of the policies in a forbearance plan that remain current on their monthly mortgage payment will go delinquent, servicer-reported forbearances have generally declined. At the end of the third quarter of 2022 approximately 1.5%, or 14,231, of our active primary policies were reported in a forbearance plan, of which approximately 34% were reported as delinquent. As of September 30, 2022, we have not experienced any material impact from the recent hurricane affecting the southeastern United States. We will continue to monitor the affected areas and support the measures enacted by the GSEs allowing forbearance, restricting foreclosure actions and providing other forms of mortgage relief for those dealing with damage.

Total delinquencies decreased during the third quarter of 2022 as a result of cures outpacing new delinquencies, which decreased modestly during the quarter. The third quarter 2022 new delinquency rate of 1.0% was up slightly from the second quarter of 2022 but remains in line with pre-COVID-19 levels.

The full impact of COVID-19 and its ancillary economic effects on our future business results are difficult to predict. Given the maximum length of forbearance plans, the resolution of a delinquency in a plan may not be known for several quarters. We continue to monitor regulatory and government actions and the resolution of forbearance delinquencies. While the associated risks have moderated and delinquencies have declined, it is possible that COVID-19 could have an adverse impact on our future results of operations and financial condition.

Private mortgage insurance market penetration and eventual market size are affected in part by actions that impact housing or housing finance policy taken by the GSEs and the U.S. government, including but not limited to, the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”) and the FHFA. In the past, these actions have included announced changes, or potential changes, to underwriting standards, including changes to the GSEs’ automated underwriting systems, FHA pricing, GSE guaranty fees, loan limits and alternative products. On February 25, 2022, the FHFA finalized the rule for the Enterprise Capital Framework, which included technical corrections to their December 17, 2020 rule. Higher GSE capital requirements could lead to increased costs to borrowers of GSE loans, which in turn could shift the market away from the GSEs to the FHA or lender portfolios. Such a shift could potentially result in a smaller market for private mortgage insurance.

On October 24, 2022, the FHFA announced two initiatives: 1) targeted changes to the GSEs’ guarantee fee pricing by eliminating upfront fees for certain borrowers and affordable mortgage products, while implementing targeted increases to the upfront fees for most cash-out refinance loans; and 2) the validation and approval of both the FICO 10T credit score model and the VantageScore 4.0 credit score model for use by the GSEs as well as changing the requirement that lenders provide credit reports from all three nationwide consumer reporting agencies and instead only require credit reports from two of the three nationwide credit reporting agencies.

The upfront fees are eliminated for certain first-time home buyers with income at or below area median income and certain other GSE affordable housing products. The fee reductions are expected to go into effect “as soon as possible” while the new fees on cash-out refinance loans will begin February 1, 2023. We expect these price changes to be a net positive to the mortgage insurance market. The validation of the new credit scores requires lenders to deliver both credit scores for each loan sold to the GSEs. There is currently no implementation deadline, but this is expected to be a multiple year process that will require system and process updates along with coordination across stakeholders of the industry.

In January 2022, the FHFA introduced new upfront fees for some high-balance and second-home loans sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Upfront fees for high balance loans increased between 0.25% and 0.75%, tiered by loan-to-value ratio. For second home loans, the upfront fees increased between 1.125% and 3.875%, also tiered by loan-to-value ratio. The new pricing framework became effective April 1, 2022. To date, we have not experienced a significant impact to the mortgage insurance market or our projections based on this initiative.

On January 14, 2021, the FHFA and the Treasury Department agreed to amend the Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (“PSPAs”) between the Treasury Department and each of the GSEs to increase the amount of capital each GSE may retain. Among other things, the amendments to the PSPAs limit the number of certain mortgages the GSEs may acquire with two or more prescribed risk factors, including certain mortgages with combined loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios above 90%. However, on September 14, 2021, the FHFA and Treasury Department suspended certain provisions of the amendments to the PSPAs, including the limit on the number of mortgages with two or more risk factors that the GSEs may acquire. Such suspensions terminate on the later of one year after September 14, 2021, or six months after the Treasury Department notifies the GSEs of termination. The limit on the number of mortgages with two or more risk factors was based on the market size at the time, and we do not expect any material impact to the private mortgage market.

New insurance written of $15.1 billion in the third quarter of 2022 decreased 37% compared to the third quarter of 2021 primarily due to a smaller estimated private mortgage insurance market including a decline in refinance originations due to rising mortgage rates.

Our largest customer accounted for a sizable percentage of our total NIW during the first nine months of 2022 and we expect this customer to exceed 10% of our total estimated NIW for 2022. Our largest customer accounted for 14% of NIW for the year ended December 31, 2021. Additionally, no customer had earned premiums that accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 2022, or the year ended December 31, 2021.

Our primary persistency increased to 82% during the third quarter of 2022 compared to 65% during the third quarter of 2021 and is in line with historic levels of approximately 80%. The increase in persistency was primarily driven by a decline in the percentage of our in-force policies with mortgage rates above current mortgage rates. The increase in persistency has offset the decline in new insurance written in the third quarter of 2022, leading to an increase in insurance in-force (“IIF”) of $15 billion since December 31, 2021. Low persistency impacted business performance trends in 2021 in several ways including, but not limited to, accelerating the recognition of earned premiums due to single premium policy cancellations, accelerating the amortization of our existing reinsurance transactions, and shifting the concentration of our primary IIF to more recent years of policy origination. As of September 30, 2022, our primary IIF has approximately 4% concentration in 2014 and prior book years. In contrast, our 2021 book

year represents 35% of our primary IIF concentration while our 2022 book year concentration is 20% as of September 30, 2022.

The U.S. private mortgage insurance industry is highly competitive. Our market share is influenced by the execution of our go to market strategy, including but not limited to, pricing competitiveness relative to our peers and our selective participation in forward commitment transactions. We continue to manage the quality of new business through pricing and our underwriting guidelines, which are modified from time to time when circumstances warrant. We see the market and underwriting conditions, including the pricing environment, as being within our risk-adjusted return appetite enabling us to write new business at attractive returns. Ultimately, we expect our new insurance written with its strong credit profile and attractive pricing to positively contribute to our future profitability and return on equity.

Net earned premiums declined in the third quarter of 2022 compared to the third quarter of 2021 primarily as a result of the continued lapse of older, higher priced policies and a decrease in single premium cancellations. This was partially offset by insurance in-force growth. The total number of delinquent loans has declined from the COVID-19 peak in the second quarter of 2020 as forbearance exits continue and new forbearances declined. During this time and consistent with prior years, servicers continued the practice of remitting premiums during the early stages of default and we refund the post-delinquent premiums to the insured party if the delinquent loan goes to claim. We record a liability and a reduction to net earned premiums for the post-delinquent premiums we expect to refund. The post-delinquent premium liability recorded since the beginning of COVID-19 in the second quarter of 2020 through the third quarter of 2022 was not significant to the change in earned premiums for those periods as a result of the high concentration of new delinquencies being subject to a servicer reported forbearance plan and the lower estimated rate at which delinquencies go to claim for these loans.

Our loss ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2022, was (17)% as compared to 14% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease was due to reserve adjustments in the current quarter. We released $105 million of reserves on delinquencies from prior years, primarily related to favorable cure performance on COVID-19 delinquencies from 2020 and early 2021. During the peak of COVID-19, we experienced elevated new delinquencies subject to forbearance plans. Those delinquencies have continued to cure at levels above our reserve expectations, which led to the release of reserves in the third quarter of 2022. Reserves related to delinquencies from 2022 were strengthened by $25 million due to uncertainty in the current economic environment.

Our loss reserves continue to be impacted by COVID-19 and remain subject to uncertainty. Borrowers who have experienced a financial hardship including, but not limited to, the loss of income due to the closing of a business or the loss of a job, continue to take advantage of available forbearance programs and payment deferral options. Loss reserves recorded on these new delinquencies have a high degree of estimation due to the level of uncertainty regarding whether delinquencies in forbearance will ultimately cure or result in claim payments.

The severity of loss on loans that do go to claim may be negatively impacted by the extended forbearance and foreclosure timelines, the associated elevated expenses and the higher loan amount of the recent new delinquencies. These negative influences on loss severity could be mitigated, in part, by embedded home price appreciation. For loans insured on or after October 1, 2014, our mortgage insurance policies limit the number of months of unpaid interest and associated expenses that are included in the mortgage insurance claim amount to a maximum of 36 months.

New delinquencies in the third quarter of 2022 increased compared to the third quarter of 2021. Current period primary delinquencies of 9,121 contributed $39 million of loss expense in the third quarter of 2022. We incurred $33 million of losses from 7,427 current period delinquencies in the third quarter of 2021. In determining the loss expense estimate, considerations were given to forbearance and non-forbearance delinquencies, recent cure and claim experience, and the prevailing economic conditions. Approximately 18% of our primary new delinquencies in the third quarter of 2022 were subject to a forbearance plan as compared to 36% in the third quarter of 2021.

As of September 30, 2022, EMICO’s risk-to-capital ratio under the current regulatory framework as established under North Carolina law and enforced by the North Carolina Department of Insurance (“NCDOI”), EMICO’s domestic insurance regulator, was approximately 12.3:1, compared with a risk-to-capital ratio of 12.3:1 and 11.9:1 as of December 31, 2021, and September 30, 2021, respectively. EMICO’s risk-to-capital ratio remains below the NCDOI’s maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25:1. North Carolina’s calculation of risk-to-capital excludes the risk-in-force for delinquent loans given the established loss reserves against all delinquencies. EMICO’s ongoing risk-to-capital ratio will depend on the magnitude of future losses incurred by EMICO, the effectiveness of ongoing loss mitigation activities, new business volume and profitability, the amount of policy lapses and the amount of additional capital that is generated or distributed by the business or capital support provided.

Under PMIERs, we are subject to operational and financial requirements that private mortgage insurers must meet in order to remain eligible to insure loans that are purchased by the GSEs. Since 2020, the GSEs have issued several amendments to PMIERs, which implemented both permanent and temporary revisions.

For loans that became non-performing due to a COVID-19 hardship, PMIERs was temporarily amended with respect to each non-performing loan that (i) had an initial missed monthly payment occurring on or after March 1, 2020, and prior to April 1, 2021, or (ii) is subject to a forbearance plan granted in response to a financial hardship related to COVID-19, the terms of which are materially consistent with terms of forbearance plans offered by the GSEs. The risk-based required asset amount factor for the non-performing loan is the greater of (a) the applicable risk-based required asset amount factor for a performing loan were it not delinquent, and (b) the product of a 0.30 multiplier and the applicable risk-based required asset amount factor for a non-performing loan. In the case of (i) above, absent the loan being subject to a forbearance plan described in (ii) above, the 0.30 multiplier was applicable for no longer than three calendar months beginning with the month in which the loan became a non-performing loan due to having missed two monthly payments. Loans subject to a forbearance plan described in (ii) above include those that are either in a repayment plan or loan modification trial period following the forbearance plan unless reported to the approved insurer that the loan is no longer in such forbearance plan, repayment plan, or loan modification trial period. The PMIERs amendment dated June 30, 2021 further allows loans that enter a forbearance plan due to a COVID-19 hardship on or after April 1, 2021 to remain eligible for extended application of the reduced PMIERs capital factor for as long as the loan remains in forbearance. In addition, the PMIERs amendment imposed permanent revisions to the risk-based required asset amount factor for non-performing loans for properties located in future Federal Emergency Management Agency Declared Major Disaster Areas eligible for individual assistance.

In September 2020, subsequent to the issuance of our senior notes due in 2025, the GSEs imposed certain restrictions (the “GSE Restrictions”) with respect to capital on our business. In May 2021, in connection with their conditional approval of the then potential partial sale of EHI, the GSEs confirmed the GSE Restrictions will remain in effect until the following collective conditions (“GSE Conditions”) are met for two consecutive quarters: (a) EMICO obtains “BBB+”/“Baa1” (or higher) rating from S&P, Moody’s or Fitch Ratings, Inc. and (b) Genworth achieves certain financial metrics. Genworth believes that they achieved their financial metrics for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, and expect to maintain compliance through December 31, 2022. If achieved, Enact would no longer be subject to GSE Restrictions and Conditions in early 2023, subject to GSE confirmation.

Prior to the satisfaction of the GSE Conditions, the GSE Restrictions require:

•EMICO to maintain 120% of PMIERs minimum required assets through 2022 and 125% thereafter;

•EHI to retain $300 million of net proceeds from the 2025 Senior Notes offering that can be drawn down exclusively for debt service of those notes or to contribute to EMICO to meet its regulatory capital needs including PMIERs; and

•written approval must be received from the GSEs prior to any additional debt issuance by either EMICO or EHI.

Until the GSE Conditions imposed in connection with the GSE Restrictions are met, our liquidity must not fall below 13.5% of its outstanding debt. In addition, Fannie Mae agreed to reconsider the GSE Restrictions if Genworth were to own 50% or less of EHI at any point prior to their expiration. We understand that Genworth’s current plans do not include a potential sale in which Genworth owns less than 80% of EHI. The current balance of the 2025 Senior Notes proceeds required to be held by our holding company is approximately $203 million.

As of September 30, 2022, we had estimated available assets of $5,292 million against $3,043 million net required assets under PMIERs compared to available assets of $5,147 million against $3,100 million net required assets as of June 30, 2022. The sufficiency ratio as of September 30, 2022, was 174%, or $2,249 million, above the published PMIERs requirements, compared to 166%, or $2,047 million, above the published PMIERs requirements as of June 30, 2022. PMIERs sufficiency is based on the published requirements applicable to private mortgage insurers and does not give effect to the GSE Restrictions imposed on our business. The increase in the PMIERs sufficiency for the quarter was driven by a new XOL transaction, business cash flows, and lower delinquencies, partially offset by NIW and amortization of existing reinsurance transactions. Our PMIERs required assets as of September 30, 2022, and June 30, 2022, benefited from the application of a 0.30 multiplier applied to the risk-based required asset amount factor for certain non-performing loans. The application of the 0.30 multiplier to all eligible delinquencies provided $140 million of benefit to our September 30, 2022 PMIERs required assets compared to $178 million of benefit as of June 30, 2022. These amounts are gross of any incremental reinsurance benefit from the elimination of the 0.30 multiplier.

On July 21, 2022, Moody’s Investors Service upgraded the insurance financial strength rating of EMICO to Baa1 from Baa2. The increase was driven by improvement in our overall credit profile, including market position, profitability, capital adequacy and financial flexibility.

On March 24, 2022, we executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to $325 million of reinsurance coverage on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from July 1, 2021, through December 31, 2021, effective March 1, 2022.

On September 15, 2022, we executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to $201 million of reinsurance coverage on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from January 1, 2022, through June 30, 2022, effective September 1, 2022.

On June 30, 2022, we entered into a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders in the initial aggregate principal amount of $200 million. The Facility may be used for working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including the execution of dividends to our shareholders and capital contributions to our insurance subsidiaries. The Facility remains undrawn as of September 30, 2022.

On April 26, 2022, our Board of Directors approved the initiation of a dividend program under which the Company intends to pay a quarterly cash dividend. The inaugural quarterly dividend for the second quarter of 2022 was $0.14 per share, and was paid on May 26, 2022. Our second quarterly dividend payment was also $0.14 per share and was paid on September 9, 2022, and we recently announced our quarterly dividend of $0.14 per share to be paid in December, 2022. Future dividend payments are subject to quarterly review and approval by our Board of Directors and Genworth, and will be targeted to be paid in the third month of each subsequent quarter. In April 2022, our primary mortgage insurance operating company, EMICO, completed a distribution to EHI that supports our ability to pay a quarterly dividend. We completed another such distribution in October 2022, subsequent to quarter end. We intend

to use these proceeds and future EMICO distributions to fund the quarterly dividend as well as to bolster our financial flexibility and potentially return additional capital to shareholders.

Returning capital to shareholders, balanced with our growth and risk management priorities, remains a key commitment as we look to drive shareholder value through time. We believe the initiation of a quarterly dividend reflects meaningful progress towards that goal. Further, subsequent to quarter end we announced a special cash dividend of $183 million, or $1.12 per share, to be paid during the fourth quarter of 2022. We also announced the initiation of a share repurchase program which authorizes the repurchase of up to $75 million of the Company’s common stock. Under the program, share repurchases may be made at the Company’s discretion from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or by other means, including through 10b5-1 trading plans. In support, we have entered into an agreement with Genworth Holdings, Inc. to repurchase its Enact shares on a pro rata basis as part of the program. The share repurchase program is not expected to change Genworth’s ownership interest in Enact post completion. We expect the timing and amount of any share repurchases will be opportunistic and will depend on a variety of factors, including Enact’s share price, capital availability, business and market conditions, regulatory requirements, and debt covenant restrictions. The program does not obligate Enact to acquire any amount of common stock, it may be suspended or terminated at any time at the Company’s discretion without prior notice, and it does not have a specified expiration date.

Future return of capital will be shaped by our capital prioritization framework: supporting our existing policyholders, growing our mortgage insurance business, funding attractive new business opportunities and returning capital to shareholders. Our total return of capital will also be based on our view of the prevailing and prospective macroeconomic conditions, regulatory landscape and business performance.

Results of Operations and Key Metrics

Results of Operations

Three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to three months ended September 30, 2021

The following table sets forth our consolidated results for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in thousands)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	235,060		$	243,063		$	(8,003)	(3)	%
Net investment income	39,493			35,995			3,498		10	%
Net investment gains (losses)	(42)			580			(622)		(107)	%
Other income	564			671			(107)		(16)	%
Total revenues	275,075			280,309			(5,234)		(2)	%
Losses and expenses:
Losses incurred	(40,309)			34,124			(74,433)		(218)	%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals	54,523			55,151			(628)		(1)	%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles	3,338			3,669			(331)		(9)	%
Interest expense	12,879			12,756			123		1	%
Total losses and expenses	30,431			105,700			(75,269)		(71)	%
Income before income taxes	244,644			174,609			70,035		40	%
Provision for income taxes	53,658			37,401			16,257		43	%
Net income	$	190,986		$	137,208		$	53,778	39	%
Loss ratio (1)	(17)		%	14		%
Expense ratio (2)	25		%	24		%

_______________

(1)Loss ratio is calculated by dividing losses incurred by net earned premiums.

(2)Expense ratio is calculated by dividing acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, plus amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles by net earned premiums.

Revenues

Premiums decreased mainly attributable to the continued lapse of older, higher priced policies and a decrease in single premium cancellations. This was partially offset by insurance in-force growth driven by increased persistency.

Net investment income increased from higher yield as a result of rising interest rates and higher average invested assets partially offset by lower income from bond calls.

Net investment losses in the third quarter of 2022 were driven by realized losses on sales. Net investment gains from the third quarter of 2021 were driven by realized gains from sales.

Losses and expenses

Losses incurred during the third quarter of 2022 decreased due to prior year development, offset in part by current year reserve strengthening. We continued to experience better than expected cure performance on delinquencies primarily from 2020 and early 2021 related to COVID-19 contributing to a

reserve release of $105 million on prior years. Reserves related to delinquencies from 2022 were strengthened by $25 million associated with uncertainty the current economic environment. Current period primary delinquencies of 9,121 contributed $39 million of loss expense in the three months ended September 30, 2022. This compares to $33 million of loss expense from 7,427 current period primary delinquencies in the third quarter of 2021.

The following table shows incurred losses related to current and prior accident years for the three months ended September 30,:


(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Losses and LAE incurred related to current accident year	$	62,942	$	33,343
Losses and LAE incurred related to prior accident years	(103,241)		791
Total incurred (1)	$	(40,299)	$	34,134

_______________

(1)Excludes run-off business.

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, remained relatively flat for the three months ended September 30, 2022, as declines in variable costs were offset by higher general and administrative expenses.

The expense ratio increased slightly in the current quarter due to a higher percentage decline in premiums than expenses.

Interest expense primarily relates to our 2025 Senior Notes. For additional details see Note 7 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

Provision for income taxes

The effective tax rate was 21.9% and 21.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, consistent with the United States corporate federal income tax rate.

Nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021

The following table sets forth our consolidated results for the periods indicated:


	Nine months ended September 30,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in thousands)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	706,725		$	738,085		$	(31,360)	(4)	%
Net investment income	110,415			105,943			4,472		4	%
Net investment gains (losses)	(762)			(2,129)			1,367		(64)	%
Other income	1,826			3,114			(1,288)		(41)	%
Total revenues	818,204			845,013			(26,809)		(3)	%
Losses and expenses:
Losses incurred	(112,318)			119,501			(231,819)		(194)	%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals	166,986			175,823			(8,837)		(5)	%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles	9,658			11,104			(1,446)		(13)	%
Interest expense	38,441			38,238			203		1	%
Total losses and expenses	102,767			344,666			(241,899)		(70)	%
Income before income taxes	715,437			500,347			215,090		43	%
Provision for income taxes	155,086			107,196			47,890		45	%
Net income	$	560,351		$	393,151		$	167,200	43	%
Loss ratio (1)	(16)		%	16		%
Expense ratio (net earned premiums) (2)	25		%	25		%

_______________

(1)Loss ratio is calculated by dividing losses incurred by net earned premiums.

(2)Expense ratio (net earned premiums) is calculated by dividing acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, plus amortization of DAC and intangibles by net earned premiums.

Revenues

Net investment income increased primarily from higher average invested assets in the current year and a small increase in investment yields, partially offset by lower income from bond calls in the current year.

Net investment losses in the current year were primarily driven by realized losses from the sale of fixed maturity securities. Net investment losses in the prior year were mainly driven by credit losses related to non-US corporate fixed maturity securities and realized losses from the sale of fixed maturity securities.

Losses and expenses

Losses incurred decreased as a result of favorable reserve adjustments. New primary delinquencies of 25,692 contributed $113 million of loss expense in the first nine months of 2022. This compares to $107 million of loss expense from 24,432 new primary delinquencies in the first nine months of 2021. During the first nine months of 2022, we released reserves of $251 million on prior accident years reserves due to better than expected cure experience primarily on delinquencies from 2020 related to the emergence of COVID-19. This was partially offset by $25 million of reserve strengthening related to delinquencies from 2022 given uncertainty the current economic environment. In the prior year, existing reserves were strengthened by $10 million primarily driven by slower early cure emergence patterns on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies.

The following table shows incurred losses related to current and prior accident years for the nine months ended September 30,:


(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Losses and LAE incurred related to current accident year	$	138,504	$	104,939
Losses and LAE incurred related to prior accident years	(250,799)		14,468
Total incurred (1)	$	(112,295)	$	119,407

_______________

(1)Excludes run-off business.

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, increased primarily attributable to lower costs allocated by our Parent, partially offset by higher general and administrative expenses.

The expense ratio (net earned premiums) remained flat as we experienced a decline in both expenses and premiums during the period.

Interest expense primarily relates to our 2025 Senior Notes and increased as the notes were outstanding for only a portion of the nine months ended September 30, 2022. For additional details see Note 7 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

Provision for income taxes

The effective tax rate was 21.7% and 21.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, consistent with the United States corporate federal income tax rate.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We use a non-U.S. GAAP (“non-GAAP”) financial measure entitled “adjusted operating income.” This non-GAAP financial measure aligns with the way our business performance is evaluated by both management and our Board of Directors. This measure has been established in order to increase transparency for the purposes of evaluating our core operating trends and enabling more meaningful comparisons with our peers. Although “adjusted operating income” is a non-GAAP financial measure, for the reasons discussed above we believe this measure aids in understanding the underlying performance of our operations. Our senior management, including our chief operating decision maker (who is our Chief Executive Officer), use “adjusted operating income” as the primary measure to evaluate the fundamental financial performance of our business and to allocate resources.

“Adjusted operating income” is defined as U.S. GAAP net income excluding the effects of (i) net investment gains (losses) and (ii) restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items.

(i)Net investment gains (losses)—The recognition of realized investment gains or losses can vary significantly across periods as the activity is highly discretionary based on the timing of individual securities sales due to such factors as market opportunities or exposure management. Trends in

the profitability of our fundamental operating activities can be more clearly identified without the fluctuations of these realized gains and losses. We do not view them to be indicative of our fundamental operating activities. Therefore, these items are excluded from our calculation of adjusted operating income.

(ii)Restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items are also excluded from adjusted operating income if, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating trends.

In reporting non-GAAP measures in the future, we may make other adjustments for expenses and gains we do not consider reflective of core operating performance in a particular period. We may disclose other non-GAAP operating measures if we believe that such a presentation would be helpful for investors to evaluate our operating condition by including additional information.

Adjusted operating income is not a measure of total profitability, and therefore should not be considered in isolation or viewed as a substitute for U.S. GAAP net income. Our definition of adjusted operating income may not be comparable to similarly named measures reported by other companies, including our peers.

Adjustments to reconcile net income to adjusted operating income assume a 21% tax rate (unless otherwise indicated).

The following table includes a reconciliation of net income to adjusted operating income for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Net income	$	190,986	$	137,208
Adjustments to net income:
Net investment (gains) losses	42		(580)
Costs associated with reorganization	(156)		339
Taxes on adjustments	24		50
Adjusted operating income	$	190,896	$	137,017


	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Net income	$	560,351	$	393,151
Adjustments to net income:
Net investment (gains) losses	762		2,129
Costs associated with reorganization	170		2,655
Taxes on adjustments	(196)		(1,005)
Adjusted operating income	$	561,087	$	396,930

Adjusted operating income increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to September 30, 2021, primarily due to decreased losses coupled with lower expenses and partially offset by lower premiums.

Key Metrics

Management reviews the key metrics included within this section when analyzing the performance of our business. The metrics provided in this section exclude activity related to our run-off business, which is immaterial to our consolidated results.

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures on a primary basis as of or for the periods indicated:












	Three months ended September 30,
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2022		2021
New insurance written	$15,069		$23,972
Primary insurance in-force(1)	$241,813		$222,464
Primary risk in-force	$61,124		$55,866
Persistency rate	82	%	65	%
PIF (count)	949,052		936,934
Delinquent loans (count)	18,856		28,904
Delinquency rate	1.99	%	3.08	%

	Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2022		2021
New insurance written	$51,340		$75,563
Persistency rate	79	%	61	%

_______________

(1)Represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance for loans we insure.

New insurance written (“NIW”)

NIW for the three months ended September 30, 2022 decreased 37% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. NIW for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased 32% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decreases were primarily due to a smaller market and lower mortgage refinancing originations in the current period largely driven by rising mortgage rates. We manage the quality of new business through pricing and our underwriting guidelines, which we modify from time to time as circumstances warrant.

The following table presents NIW by product for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,								Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021				2022				2021
Primary	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%
Pool	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%

The following table presents primary NIW by underlying type of mortgage for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,								Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021				2022				2021
Purchases	$	14,634	97	%	$	20,988	88	%	$	48,762	95	%	$	57,631	76	%
Refinances	435		3		2,984		12		2,578		5		17,932		24
Total	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%

The following table presents primary NIW by policy payment type for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,								Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021				2022				2021
Monthly	$	14,138	94	%	$	21,475	90	%	$	47,378	92	%	$	69,720	92	%
Single	890		6		2,431		10		3,798		8		5,563		8
Other	41		—		66		—		164		—		280		—
Total	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%

The following table presents primary NIW by FICO score for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021
Over 760	$	6,948	46	%	$	10,708	45	%
740-759	2,554		17		3,830		16
720-739	2,106		14		3,177		13
700-719	1,531		10		2,702		11
680-699	1,085		7		1,875		8
660-679 (1)	527		3		1,010		4
640-659	234		2		504		2
620-639	79		1		166		1
<620	5		—		—		—
Total	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%














	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021
Over 760	$	23,288	45	%	$	32,990	44	%
740-759	8,555		17		11,661		15
720-739	7,151		14		10,067		13
700-719	5,400		10		8,812		12
680-699	3,500		7		6,868		9
660-679 (1)	2,056		4		3,061		4
640-659	1,017		2		1,562		2
620-639	358		1		542		1
<620	15		—		—		—
Total	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%

______________

(1)Loans with unknown FICO scores are included in the 660-679 category.

LTV ratio is calculated by dividing the original loan amount, excluding financed premium, by the property’s acquisition value or fair market value at the time of origination. The following table presents primary NIW by LTV ratio for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021
95.01% and above	$	1,741	11	%	$	3,396	14	%
90.01% to 95.00%	6,184		41		8,838		37
85.01% to 90.00%	5,094		34		7,454		31
85.00% and below	2,050		14		4,284		18
Total	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%


	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021
95.01% and above	$	7,064	14	%	$	8,404	11	%
90.01% to 95.00%	20,324		39		29,049		39
85.01% to 90.00%	15,921		31		24,464		32
85.00% and below	8,031		16		13,646		18
Total	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%

DTI ratio is calculated by dividing the borrower’s total monthly debt obligations by total monthly gross income. The following table presents primary NIW by DTI ratio for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021
45.01% and above	$	3,728	25	%	$	4,167	17	%
38.01% to 45.00%	5,681		38		7,949		33
38.00% and below	5,660		37		11,856		50
Total	$	15,069	100	%	$	23,972	100	%

	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022				2021
45.01% and above	$	12,247	24	%	$	10,002	13	%
38.01% to 45.00%	18,478		36		25,899		34
38.00% and below	20,615		40		39,662		53
Total	$	51,340	100	%	$	75,563	100	%

Insurance in-force (“IIF”) and Risk in-force (“RIF”)

IIF increased as a result of NIW. Higher interest rates and the declining refinance market led to lower lapse and cancellations during the third quarter of 2022 driving increased persistency. Primary persistency was 82% and 65% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. RIF increased primarily as a result of higher IIF.

The following table sets forth IIF and RIF as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
Primary IIF	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%
Pool IIF	531		—		641		—		771		—
Total IIF	$	242,344	100	%	$	227,155	100	%	$	223,235	100	%

Primary RIF	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%
Pool RIF	84		—		105		—		117		—
Total RIF	$	61,208	100	%	$	56,986	100	%	$	55,983	100	%

The following table sets forth primary IIF and primary RIF by origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
Purchases IIF	$	199,322	82	%	$	176,550	78	%	$	169,944	76	%
Refinances IIF	42,491		18		49,964		22		52,520		24
Total IIF	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%

Purchases RIF	$	52,134	85	%	$	46,470	82	%	$	44,871	80	%
Refinances RIF	8,990		15		10,411		18		10,995		20
Total RIF	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%

The following table sets forth primary IIF and primary RIF by product as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
Monthly IIF	$	211,062	87	%	$	194,826	86	%	$	190,702	86	%
Single IIF	28,550		12		29,205		13		29,013		13
Other IIF	2,201		1		2,483		1		2,749		1
Total IIF	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%

Monthly RIF	$	54,247	89	%	$	49,614	87	%	$	48,495	87	%
Single RIF	6,324		10		6,658		12		6,709		12
Other RIF	553		1		609		1		662		1
Total RIF	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%

The following table sets forth primary IIF by policy year as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
2008 and prior	$	6,849	3	%	$	8,196	3	%	$	8,963	4	%
2009 to 2014	2,293		1		3,369		2		3,949		2
2015	3,133		1		4,488		2		5,087		2
2016	6,772		3		8,997		4		10,082		4
2017	6,818		3		8,962		4		10,185		5
2018	7,133		3		9,263		4		10,568		5
2019	17,070		7		21,730		10		24,884		11
2020	58,497		24		69,963		31		75,785		34
2021	83,740		35		91,546		40		72,961		33
2022	49,508		20		—		—		—		—
Total	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%

The following table sets forth primary RIF by policy year as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
2008 and prior	$	1,764	3	%	$	2,112	3	%	$	2,309	4	%
2009 to 2014	609		1		904		2		1,062		2
2015	840		1		1,197		2		1,355		2
2016	1,805		3		2,388		4		2,676		5
2017	1,792		3		2,324		4		2,631		5
2018	1,806		3		2,330		4		2,656		5
2019	4,313		7		5,454		10		6,239		11
2020	14,891		25		17,574		31		18,965		34
2021	20,848		34		22,598		40		17,973		32
2022	12,456		20		—		—		—		—
Total	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%

The following table presents the development of primary IIF for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	237,563	$	217,477
NIW	15,069		23,972
Cancellations, principal repayments and other reductions (1)	(10,819)		(18,985)
Ending balance	$	241,813	$	222,464


	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	226,514	$	207,947
NIW	51,340		75,563
Cancellations, principal repayments and other reductions (1)	(36,041)		(61,046)
Ending balance	$	241,813	$	222,464

______________

(1)Includes the estimated amortization of unpaid principal balance of covered loans

The following table sets forth primary IIF by LTV ratio at origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
95.01% and above	$	38,099	16	%	$	35,455	16	%	$	34,259	15	%
90.01% to 95.00%	101,164		42		95,149		42		94,888		43
85.01% to 90.00%	69,803		29		64,549		28		63,349		28
85.00% and below	32,747		13		31,361		14		29,968		14
Total	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%

The following table sets forth primary RIF by LTV ratio at origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
95.01% and above	$	10,809	18	%	$	9,907	17	%	$	9,490	17	%
90.01% to 95.00%	29,379		48		27,608		49		27,509		49
85.01% to 90.00%	17,019		28		15,644		27		15,322		28
85.00% and below	3,917		6		3,722		7		3,545		6
Total	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%

The following table sets forth primary IIF by FICO score at origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
Over 760	$	99,177	41	%	$	89,982	40	%	$	87,073	39	%
740-759	38,731		16		35,874		16		35,177		16
720-739	33,874		14		31,730		14		31,374		14
700-719	28,384		12		27,359		12		27,371		12
680-699	21,294		9		21,270		9		21,458		10
660-679 (1)	10,842		4		10,549		5		10,309		5
640-659	6,115		3		6,124		3		6,009		3
620-639	2,663		1		2,783		1		2,787		1
<620	733		—		843		—		906		—
Total	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%

______________

(1)Loans with unknown FICO scores are included in the 660-679 category.

The following table sets forth primary RIF by FICO score at origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
Over 760	$	24,965	41	%	$	22,489	40	%	$	21,767	39	%
740-759	9,808		16		9,009		16		8,824		16
720-739	8,656		14		8,055		14		7,966		14
700-719	7,200		12		6,907		12		6,923		12
680-699	5,356		9		5,334		9		5,383		10
660-679 (1)	2,739		4		2,638		5		2,568		5
640-659	1,541		3		1,530		3		1,497		3
620-639	672		1		702		1		705		1
<620	187		—		217		—		233		—
Total	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%

______________

(1)Loans with unknown FICO scores are included in the 660-679 category.

The following table sets forth primary IIF by DTI score at origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
45.01% and above	$	40,846	17	%	$	34,076	15	%	$	31,771	14	%
38.01% to 45.00%	85,226		35		79,147		35		78,303		35
38.00% and below	115,741		48		113,291		50		112,390		51
Total	$	241,813	100	%	$	226,514	100	%	$	222,464	100	%

The following table sets forth primary RIF by DTI score at origination as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021
45.01% and above	$	10,393	17	%	$	8,631	15	%	$	8,048	14	%
38.01% to 45.00%	21,603		35		19,974		35		19,773		36
38.00% and below	29,128		48		28,276		50		28,045		50
Total	$	61,124	100	%	$	56,881	100	%	$	55,866	100	%

Delinquent loans and claims

Our delinquency management process begins with notification by the loan servicer of a delinquency on an insured loan. “Delinquency” is defined in our master policies as the borrower’s failure to pay when due an amount equal to the scheduled monthly mortgage payment under the terms of the mortgage. Generally, the master policies require an insured to notify us of a delinquency if the borrower fails to make two consecutive monthly mortgage payments prior to the due date of the next mortgage payment. We generally consider a loan to be delinquent and establish required reserves after the insured notifies us that the borrower has failed to make two scheduled mortgage payments. Borrowers may cure delinquencies by making all of the delinquent loan payments, agreeing to a loan modification, or by selling the property in full satisfaction of all amounts due under the mortgage. In most cases, delinquencies that are not cured result in a claim under our policy.

The following table sets forth a roll forward of the number of primary loans in default for the periods indicated:


	Nine months ended September 30,
(Loan count)	2022	2021
Number of delinquencies, beginning of period	24,820	44,904
New defaults	25,692	24,342
Cures	(31,254)	(39,697)
Claims paid	(384)	(620)
Rescissions and claim denials	(18)	(25)
Number of delinquencies, end of period	18,856	28,904

The following table sets forth changes in our direct primary case loss reserves for the periods indicated:










	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands) (1)	2022		2021
Loss reserves, beginning of period	$	606,102	$	516,863
Claims paid	(18,776)		(21,603)
Change in reserve	(111,263)		117,494
Loss reserves, end of period	$	476,063	$	612,754

______________

(1)Direct primary case reserves exclude LAE, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

The following tables set forth primary delinquencies, direct case reserves and RIF by aged missed payment status as of the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies	Direct case reserves (1)		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less	7,446	$	48	$	401	12	%
4 - 11 payments	6,119	146		358		41	%
12 payments or more	5,291	282		295		96	%
Total	18,856	$	476	$	1,054	45	%


	December 31, 2021
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies	Direct case reserves (1)		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less	6,586	$	35	$	340	10	%
4 - 11 payments	7,360	111		426		26	%
12 payments or more	10,874	460		643		72	%
Total	24,820	$	606	$	1,409	43	%


	September 30, 2021
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies	Direct case reserves (1)		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less	6,192	$	32	$	319	10	%
4 - 11 payments	9,021	128		529		24	%
12 payments or more	13,691	453		813		56	%
Total	28,904	$	613	$	1,661	37	%

______________

(1)Direct primary case reserves exclude LAE, incurred but not reported and reinsurance reserves.

The total increase in reserves as a percentage of RIF as of September 30, 2022 was primarily driven by the decrease in delinquent RIF. Delinquent RIF decreased mainly due to lower total delinquencies as cures outpaced new delinquencies in the first nine months of 2022, while reserves decreased due to our reserve releases. While the number of loans that are delinquent for 12 months or more has decreased, it remains elevated compared to pre-COVID-19 levels due, in large part, to borrowers entering a forbearance plan over a year ago driven by COVID-19.

Resolution of a delinquency in a forbearance plan, whether it ultimately results in a cure or a claim, remains difficult to estimate. In addition, due to foreclosure moratoriums and the uncertainty around the lack of progression through the foreclosure process there is still uncertainty around the likelihood and timing of delinquencies going to claim.

Primary insurance delinquency rates differ from region to region in the United States at any one time depending upon economic conditions and cyclical growth patterns. Delinquency rates are shown by region based upon the location of the underlying property, rather than the location of the lender.

The table below sets forth our primary delinquency rates for the ten largest states by our primary RIF as of September 30, 2022:


	Percent of RIF		Percent of direct primary case reserves		Delinquency rate
By State:
California	12	%	10	%	2.02	%
Texas	8		7		2.10	%
Florida (1)	8		8		1.93	%
New York (1)	5		14		2.97	%
Illinois (1)	5		6		2.53	%
Michigan	4		3		1.69	%
Arizona	3		2		1.67	%
North Carolina	3		2		1.62	%
Georgia	3		3		2.26	%
Pennsylvania (1)	3		3		2.11	%
All other states (2)	46		42		1.85	%
Total	100	%	100	%	1.99	%

______________

(1)Jurisdiction predominantly uses a judicial foreclosure process, which generally increases the amount of time it takes for a foreclosure to be completed.

(2)Includes the District of Columbia.

The table below sets forth our primary delinquency rates for the ten largest states by our primary RIF as of December 31, 2021:


	Percent of RIF		Percent of direct primary case reserves		Delinquency rate
By State:
California	11	%	12	%	3.17	%
Texas	8		8		2.89	%
Florida (1)	7		9		2.97	%
New York (1)	5		12		3.80	%
Illinois (1)	5		6		3.09	%
Michigan	4		2		1.87	%
Arizona	4		2		2.31	%
North Carolina	3		2		2.18	%
Pennsylvania (1)	3		3		2.38	%
Washington	3		3		2.98	%
All other states (2)	47		41		2.46	%
Total	100	%	100	%	2.65	%

______________

(1)Jurisdiction predominantly uses a judicial foreclosure process, which generally increases the amount of time it takes for a foreclosure to be completed.

(2)Includes the District of Columbia.

The table below sets forth our primary delinquency rates for the ten largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas (“MSA”) or Metro Divisions (“MD”) by our primary RIF as of September 30, 2022:


	Percent of RIF		Percent of direct primary case reserves		Delinquency rate
By MSA or MD:
Chicago-Naperville, IL MD	3	%	4	%	2.85	%
Phoenix, AZ MSA	3		2		1.71	%
New York, NY MD	3		9		3.88	%
Atlanta, GA MSA	2		3		2.47	%
Washington-Arlington, DC MD	2		2		1.79	%
Houston, TX MSA	2		3		2.74	%
Riverside-San Bernardino CA MSA	2		2		2.74	%
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA MD	2		2		2.13	%
Dallas, TX MD	2		2		1.78	%
Nassau County, NY MD	2		4		3.83	%
All Other MSAs/MDs	77		67		1.85	%
Total	100	%	100	%	1.99	%

The table below sets forth our primary delinquency rates for the ten largest MSAs or MDs by our primary RIF as of December 31, 2021:


	Percent of RIF		Percent of direct primary case reserves		Delinquency rate
By MSA or MD:
Chicago-Naperville, IL MD	3	%	4	%	3.68	%
Phoenix, AZ MSA	3		2		2.36	%
New York, NY MD	3		8		5.32	%
Atlanta, GA MSA	2		3		3.28	%
Washington-Arlington, DC MD	2		2		2.96	%
Houston, TX MSA	2		3		3.61	%
Riverside-San Bernardino CA MSA	2		2		3.42	%
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA MD	2		3		3.95	%
Dallas, TX MD	2		2		2.31	%
Nassau County, NY MD	2		4		5.55	%
All Other MSAs/MDs	77		67		2.44	%
Total	100	%	100	%	2.65	%

The frequency of delinquencies may not correlate directly with the number of claims received because delinquencies may cure. The rate at which delinquencies cure is influenced by borrowers’ financial resources and circumstances and regional economic differences. Whether a delinquency leads to a claim correlates highly with the borrower’s equity at the time of delinquency, as it influences the borrower’s willingness to continue to make payments, the borrower’s or the insured’s ability to sell the home for an amount sufficient to satisfy all amounts due under the mortgage loan and the borrower’s financial ability to continue making payments. When we receive notice of a delinquency, we use our proprietary model to determine whether a delinquent loan is a candidate for a modification. When our model identifies such a candidate, our loan workout specialists prioritize cases for loss mitigation based upon the likelihood that the loan will result in a claim. Loss mitigation actions include loan modification,

extension of credit to bring a loan current, foreclosure forbearance, pre-foreclosure sale and deed-in-lieu. These loss mitigation efforts often are an effective way to reduce our claim exposure and ultimate payouts.

The following table sets forth the dispersion of primary RIF and direct primary case reserves by policy year and delinquency rates as of September 30, 2022:


	Percent of RIF		Percent of direct primary case reserves		Delinquency rate		Cumulative delinquency rate (1)
Policy Year:
2008 and prior	3	%	28	%	9.71	%	5.57	%
2009 to 2014	1		4		5.00	%	0.70	%
2015	1		4		3.68	%	0.75	%
2016	3		7		3.14	%	0.83	%
2017	3		8		3.75	%	1.03	%
2018	3		10		4.47	%	1.18	%
2019	7		12		2.65	%	0.94	%
2020	25		16		1.31	%	0.86	%
2021	34		10		0.92	%	0.83	%
2022	20		1		0.26	%	0.25	%
Total portfolio	100	%	100	%	1.99	%	4.26	%

______________

(1)Calculated as the sum of the number of policies where claims were ever paid to date and number of policies for loans currently in default divided by policies ever in-force.

The following table sets forth the dispersion of primary RIF and loss reserves by policy year and delinquency rates as of December 31, 2021:


	Percent of RIF		Percent of direct primary case reserves		Delinquency rate		Cumulative delinquency rate (1)
Policy Year:
2008 and prior	3	%	24	%	10.54	%	5.59	%
2009 to 2013	1		2		5.54	%	0.74	%
2014	1		3		5.51	%	0.99	%
2015	2		5		4.24	%	1.04	%
2016	4		8		3.69	%	1.16	%
2017	4		10		4.78	%	1.56	%
2018	4		13		5.93	%	1.88	%
2019	10		19		3.89	%	1.68	%
2020	31		14		1.50	%	1.14	%
2021	40		2		0.37	%	0.36	%
Total portfolio	100	%	100	%	2.65	%	4.42	%

______________

(1)Calculated as the sum of the number of policies where claims were ever paid to date and number of policies for loans currently in default divided by policies ever in-force.

Loss reserves in policy years in 2008 and prior are outsized compared to their representation of RIF. The size of these policy years at origination combined with the significant decline in home prices led to significant losses in these policy years. Although uncertainty remains with respect to the ultimate losses we will experience on these policy years, they have become a smaller percentage of our total mortgage insurance portfolio. The largest portion of loss reserves has shifted to newer book years as a result of COVID-19 given their significant representation of RIF. As of September 30, 2022, our 2015 and newer policy years represented approximately 96% of our primary RIF and 68% of our total direct primary case reserves.

Investment Portfolio

Our investment portfolio is affected by factors described below, each of which in turn may be affected by COVID-19 as noted above in “—Trends and Conditions.” The investment portfolios of our insurance subsidiaries are directed by a newly formed Enact Investment Committee with Genworth serving as the investment manager. The investment portfolio of EHI is directed by a separate newly formed EHI Investment Committee with a third-party investment manager. These parties, with oversight from our Board of Directors and our senior management team, are responsible for the execution of our investment strategy. Our investment portfolio is an important component of our consolidated financial results and represents our primary source of claims paying resources. Our investment portfolio primarily consists of a diverse mix of highly rated fixed income securities and is designed to achieve the following objectives:

•Meet policyholder obligations through maintenance of sufficient liquidity;

•Preserve capital;

•Generate investment income;

•Maximize statutory capital; and

•Increase shareholder value, among other objectives.

To achieve our portfolio objectives, our investment strategy focuses primarily on:

•Our business outlook, including current and expected future investment conditions;

•Investments selection based on fundamental, research-driven strategies;

•Diversification across a mix of fixed income, low-volatility investments while actively pursuing strategies to enhance yield;

•Regular evaluation and optimization of our asset class mix;

•Continuous monitoring of investment quality, duration, and liquidity;

•Regulatory capital requirements; and

•Restriction of investments correlated to the residential mortgage market.

Fixed Maturity Securities Available-for-Sale

The following table presents the fair value of our fixed maturity securities available-for-sale as of the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(Amounts in thousands)	Fair value		% of total		Fair value		% of total
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	44,654	1	%	$	58,408	1	%
State and political subdivisions	432,229		9		538,453		10
Non-U.S. government	9,252		—		22,416		—
U.S. corporate	2,639,184		54		2,945,303		56
Non-U.S. corporate	647,063		14		666,594		13
Residential mortgage-backed	11,743		—		—		—
Other asset-backed	1,093,777		22		1,035,165		20
Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	4,877,902	100	%	$	5,266,339	100	%

Our investment portfolio did not include any direct residential real estate or whole mortgage loans as of September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021. We have no derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio.

As of both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, 98% and 97% of our investment portfolio was rated investment grade, respectively. The following table presents the security ratings of our fixed maturity securities as of the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
AAA	10	%	9	%
AA	16		17
A	35		34
BBB	37		37
BB & below	2		3
Total	100	%	100	%

The table below presents the effective duration and investment yield on our investments available-for-sale, excluding cash and cash equivalents as of the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Duration (in years)	3.7		3.9
Pre-tax yield (% of average investment portfolio assets)	3.0	%	2.7	%

We manage credit risk by analyzing issuers, transaction structures and any associated collateral. We also manage credit risk through country, industry, sector and issuer diversification and prudent asset allocation practices.

We primarily mitigate interest rate risk by employing a buy and hold investment philosophy that seeks to match fixed income maturities with expected liability cash flows in modestly adverse economic scenarios.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows for the periods indicated:


	Nine months ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)	2022		2021
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	402,071	$	411,082
Investing activities	(246,528)		(412,294)
Financing activities	(45,596)		—

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	109,947	$	(1,212)

Our most significant source of operating cash flows is from premiums received from our insurance policies, while our most significant uses of operating cash flows are generally for claims paid on our insured policies and our operating expenses. Net cash from operating activities decreased largely due to lower unearned premium declines from cancelled single premium policies. Cash flows from operations were also impacted by changes in reserves, timing of tax payments, stock-based compensation expense and amortization of discounts and premiums on fixed maturity securities.

Investing activities are primarily related to purchases, sales and maturities of our investment portfolio. Net cash used by investing activities decreased as a result of lower net purchases of fixed maturity securities in the current year.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our cash flows from financing activities included dividends paid of $45.6 million. The amount and timing of future dividends is discussed within “—Trends and Conditions” as well as below. There were no dividends paid or other financing activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Capital Resources and Financing Activities

We issued our 2025 Senior Notes in 2020 with interest payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year. The 2025 Senior Notes mature on August 15, 2025. We may redeem the 2025 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to February 15, 2025, at our option, by paying a make-whole premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. At any time on or after February 15, 2025, we may redeem the 2025 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at our option, at 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The 2025 Senior Notes contain customary events of default, which subject to certain notice and cure conditions, can result in the acceleration of the principal and accrued interest on the outstanding 2025 Senior Notes if we breach the terms of the indenture.

Pursuant to the GSE Restrictions, we were required to retain $300 million of the net proceeds from the 2025 Senior Notes offering that can be drawn down exclusively for our debt service or to contribute to EMICO to meet its regulatory capital needs including PMIERs. The current balance of the 2025 Senior Notes proceeds required to be held by our holding company is approximately $203 million. See “—Trends and Conditions” for additional information regarding the GSE Restrictions.

On June 30, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders that provides for a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) in the initial aggregate principal amount of $200 million. We may use borrowings under the Facility for working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including the execution of dividends to our shareholders and capital contributions to our insurance subsidiaries. The Facility contains several covenants, including financial covenants relating to minimum net worth, capital and liquidity levels, maximum debt to capitalization level and PMIERS

compliance. We are in compliance with all covenants of the Facility and the Facility remained undrawn as of September 30, 2022.

Restrictions on the Payment of Dividends

The ability of our regulated insurance operating subsidiaries to pay dividends and distributions to us is restricted by certain provisions of North Carolina insurance laws. Our insurance subsidiaries may pay dividends only from unassigned surplus; payments made from sources other than unassigned surplus, such as paid-in and contributed surplus, are categorized as distributions. Notice of all dividends must be submitted to the Commissioner of the NCDOI (the “Commissioner”) within 5 business days after declaration of the dividend or distribution, and at least 30 days before payment thereof. No dividend may be paid until 30 days after the Commissioner has received notice of the declaration thereof and (i) has not within that period disapproved the payment or (ii) has approved the payment within the 30-day period. Any distribution, regardless of amount, requires that same 30-day notice to the Commissioner, but also requires the Commissioner’s affirmative approval before being paid. Based on our estimated statutory results and in accordance with applicable dividend restrictions, EMICO has the capacity to pay dividends from unassigned surplus of $156 million as of September 30, 2022, with 30 day advance notice to the Commissioner of the intent to pay. In addition to dividends and distributions, alternative mechanisms, such as share repurchases, subject to any requisite regulatory approvals, may be utilized from time to time to upstream surplus.

In addition, we review multiple other considerations in parallel to determine a prospective dividend strategy for our regulated insurance operating subsidiaries. Given the regulatory focus on the reasonableness of an insurer’s surplus in relation to its outstanding liabilities and the adequacy of its surplus relative to its financial needs for any dividend, our insurance subsidiaries consider the minimum amount of policyholder surplus after giving effect to any contemplated future dividends. Regulatory minimum policyholder surplus is not codified in North Carolina law and limitations may vary based on prevailing business conditions including, but not limited to, the prevailing and future macroeconomic conditions. We estimate regulators would require a minimum policyholder surplus of approximately $300 million to meet their threshold standard. Given (i) we are subject to statutory accounting requirements that establish a contingency reserve of at least 50% of net earned premiums annually for ten years, after which time it is released into policyholder surplus and (ii) that no material 10-year contingency reserve releases are scheduled before 2024, we expect modest growth in policyholder surplus through 2024. As a result, minimum policyholder surplus could be a limitation on the future dividends of our regulated operating subsidiaries.

Another consideration in the development of the dividend strategies for our regulated insurance operating subsidiaries is our expected level of compliance with PMIERs. Prior to the satisfaction of the GSE Conditions, the GSE Restrictions also require EMICO to maintain 120% of PMIERs Minimum Required Assets through 2022, and 125% thereafter. In addition, under PMIERs, EMICO is subject to other operational and financial requirements that approved insurers must meet in order to remain eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs. Refer to “—Trends and Conditions” for recent updates related to these requirements.

Our regulated insurance operating subsidiaries are also subject to statutory “risk-to-capital” (“RTC”) requirements that affect the dividend strategies of our regulated operating subsidiaries. EMICO’s domiciliary regulator, the NCDOI, requires the maintenance of a statutory RTC ratio not to exceed 25:1. See “—Risk-to-Capital Ratio” for additional RTC trend analysis.

We consider potential future dividends compared to the prior year statutory net income in the evaluation of dividend strategies for our regulated operating subsidiaries. We also consider the dividend payout ratio, or the ratio of potential future dividends compared to the estimated U.S. GAAP net income, in the evaluation of our dividend strategies. In either case, we do not have prescribed target or maximum thresholds, but we do evaluate the reasonableness of a potential dividend relative to the actual or estimated income generated in the proceeding or preceding calendar year after giving consideration to

prevailing business conditions including, but not limited to the prevailing and future macroeconomic conditions. In addition, the dividend strategies of our regulated operating subsidiaries are made in consultation with our Parent.

In April 2022, EMICO completed a distribution of approximately $242 million to EHI that will support our ability to pay a quarterly dividend. EMICO completed a similar distribution of $242 million to EHI subsequent to quarter end, in October 2022. We intend to use these proceeds and future EMICO distributions to fund a quarterly dividend as well as to bolster our financial flexibility at EHI and return additional capital to shareholders.

The credit agreement entered into in connection with the Facility contains customary restrictions on EHI’s ability to pay cash dividends. Under the credit agreement, EHI is permitted to make cash distributions (1) so long as no Default or Event of Default (as each are defined in the credit agreement) has occurred and is continuing and EHI is in pro forma compliance with its financial covenants as described in Note 7 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, at the time of and after giving effect to such payment, (2) within 60 days of declaration of any cash dividend so long as the payment was permitted under the credit agreement at the time of such declaration and (3) other customary exceptions as more fully set forth in the credit agreement.

In addition to the restrictions described above, all dividends from EHI are subject to Parent consent and EHI Board of Directors approval.

Risk-to-Capital Ratio

We compute our RTC ratio on a separate company statutory basis, as well as for our combined insurance operations. The RTC ratio is net RIF divided by policyholders’ surplus plus statutory contingency reserve. Our net RIF represents RIF, net of reinsurance ceded, and excludes risk on policies that are currently delinquent and for which loss reserves have been established. Statutory capital consists primarily of statutory policyholders’ surplus (which increases as a result of statutory net income and decreases as a result of statutory net loss and dividends paid), plus the statutory contingency reserve. The statutory contingency reserve is reported as a liability on the statutory balance sheet.

Certain states have insurance laws or regulations that require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital (including the statutory contingency reserve) relative to its level of RIF in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. While formulations of minimum capital vary in certain states, the most common measure applied allows for a maximum permitted RTC ratio of 25:1.

The following table presents the calculation of our RTC ratio for our combined insurance subsidiaries as of the dates indicated:


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Statutory policyholders’ surplus	$	1,348	$	1,397
Contingency reserves	3,424		3,042
Combined statutory capital	$	4,772	$	4,439
Adjusted RIF(1)	$	58,542	$	54,201
Combined risk-to-capital ratio	12.3		12.2

______________

(1)Adjusted RIF for purposes of calculating combined statutory RTC differs from RIF presented elsewhere in this periodic report. In accordance with NCDOI requirements, adjusted RIF excludes delinquent policies.

The following table presents the calculation of our RTC ratio for our principal insurance company, EMICO, as of the dates indicated:


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Statutory policyholders’ surplus	$	1,296	$	1,346
Contingency reserves	3,422		3,041
EMICO statutory capital	$	4,718	$	4,387
Adjusted RIF(1)	$	58,233	$	54,033
EMICO risk-to-capital ratio	12.3		12.3

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(1)Adjusted RIF for purposes of calculating EMICO statutory RTC differs from RIF presented elsewhere herein. In accordance with NCDOI requirements, adjusted RIF excludes delinquent policies.

Liquidity

As of September 30, 2022, we maintained liquidity in the form of cash and cash equivalents of $536 million compared to $426 million as of December 31, 2021, and we also held significant levels of investment-grade fixed maturity securities that can be monetized should our cash and cash equivalents be insufficient to meet our obligations. On August 21, 2020, we issued the 2025 Senior Notes. The GSE Restrictions required us to retain $300 million of the net 2025 Senior Notes proceeds that can be drawn down exclusively for our debt service or to contribute to EMICO to meet its regulatory capital needs including PMIERs, until the GSE Conditions are satisfied. See “—Trends and Conditions” for additional details. We distributed $437 million of the net proceeds to Genworth Holdings at the closing of the offering of our 2025 Senior Notes. The 2025 Senior Notes were issued to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in a private offering exempt from registration pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and to non-U.S. persons outside of the United States in compliance with Regulation S under the Securities Act. The current balance of the 2025 Senior Notes proceeds required to be held by our holding company is approximately $203 million.

Additionally, on June 30, 2022, we entered into a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of lenders in the initial aggregate principal amount of $200 million. The Facility may be used for working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including the execution of dividends to our shareholders and capital contributions to our insurance subsidiaries. The Facility remains undrawn as of September 30, 2022.

The principal sources of liquidity in our business currently include insurance premiums, net investment income and cash flows from investment sales and maturities. We believe that the operating cash flows generated by our mortgage insurance subsidiary will provide the funds necessary to satisfy our claim payments, operating expenses and taxes. However, our subsidiaries are subject to regulatory and other capital restrictions with respect to the payment of dividends. To the extent the remaining balance of the $300 million of net proceeds retained from the 2025 Senior Notes offering is used to provide capital support to EMICO, the GSEs and the NCDOI may seek to prevent EMICO from returning that capital to EHI in the form of a dividend, distribution or an intercompany loan. We currently have no material financing commitments, such as lines of credit or guarantees, that are expected to affect our liquidity over the next five years, other than the 2025 Senior Notes and the Facility.

Financial Strength Ratings

The following EMICO financial strength ratings have been independently assigned by third-party rating organizations and represent our current ratings, which are subject to change.

Name of Agency

Rating

Outlook

Action

Date of Rating

Moody’s Investor Service, Inc.

Baa1

Stable

Upgrade

July 21, 2022

Fitch Ratings, Inc.

BBB+

Stable

Affirmed

April 27, 2022

S&P Global Ratings

BBB

Positive

Affirmed

March 11, 2022

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Our loss reserves include delinquencies from borrower forbearance programs due to COVID-19, which have a high degree of estimation. Therefore, it is possible we could have higher contractual obligations related to these loss reserves if they do not cure or progress to claim as we expect. Other than changes in our aforementioned loss reserves, there have been no material additions or changes to our contractual obligations or other off-balance sheet arrangements as compared to the amounts disclosed within our audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Critical Accounting Estimates

As of the filing date of this report, there were no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates from those discussed in our Annual Report.

New Accounting Standards

Refer to Note 2 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and in our audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, for a discussion of recently adopted and not yet adopted accounting standards.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We own and manage a large investment portfolio of various holdings, types and maturities. Investment income is one of our material sources of revenue and the investment portfolio represents the primary resource supporting operational and claim payments. The assets within the investment portfolio are exposed to the same factors that affect overall financial market performance. While our investment portfolio is exposed to factors affecting markets worldwide, it is most sensitive to fluctuations in the drivers of United States markets.

We manage market risk via our defined investment policy guidelines implemented by our investment managers with oversight from our Board of Directors and our senior management. Important drivers of our market risk exposure that we monitor and manage include but are not limited to:

•Changes to the level of interest rates. Increasing interest rates may reduce the value of certain fixed-rate bonds held in the investment portfolio. Higher rates may cause variable-rate assets to generate additional income. Decreasing rates will have the reverse impact. Significant changes in interest rates can also affect persistency and claim rates that may require that the investment portfolio be restructured to better align it with future liabilities and claim payments. Such restructuring may cause investments to be liquidated when market conditions are adverse.

•Changes to the term structure of interest rates. Rising or falling rates typically change by different amounts along the yield curve. These changes may have unforeseen impacts on the value of certain assets.

•Market volatility/changes in the real or perceived credit quality of investments. Deterioration in the quality of investments, identified through changes to our own or third-party (e.g., rating agency) assessments, will reduce the value and potentially the liquidity of investments.

•Concentration risk. If the investment portfolio is highly concentrated in one asset, or in multiple assets whose values are highly correlated, the value of the total portfolio may be greatly affected by the change in value of just one asset or a group of highly correlated assets.

•Prepayment risk. Bonds may have call provisions that permit debtors to repay prior to maturity when it is to their advantage. This typically occurs when rates fall below the interest rate of the debt.

Market risk is measured for all investment assets at the individual security level. Market risks that are not fully captured by the quantitative analysis and material market risk changes that occur from the last reporting period to the current are discussed within “—Trends and conditions” and “—Investment Portfolio” in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.

At September 30, 2022, the effective duration of our investments available-for-sale was 3.7 years, which means that an instantaneous parallel shift (movement up or down) in the yield curve of 100 basis points would result in a change of 3.7% in fair value of our investments available-for-sale.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of September 30, 2022, an evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2022.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting During the Quarter Ended September 30, 2022

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2022, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are not subject to any pending material legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We have disclosed within Part I, Item 1A in our Annual Report and Part II, Item 1A in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2022 the risk factors that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and/or financial condition. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed. You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth in the Annual Report and the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2022, and the other information set forth elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. These risk factors and other information may not describe every risk that we face. The occurrence of any additional risks and uncertainties that are currently immaterial or unknown could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and/or financial condition.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no sales of unregistered equity securities during the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Item 5. Other Information

On November 1, 2022, EHI entered into a Share Repurchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Genworth Holdings, Inc. (“Genworth”). EHI’s Board of Directors has authorized the Company to repurchase shares of Common Stock for a purchase price of up to $75.0 million. EHI intends to repurchase shares of its Common Stock from stockholders other than Genworth (“Market Repurchases”) from time to time and subject to market and other conditions. Pursuant to the Agreement, EHI will repurchase shares from Genworth on a pro rata basis to Market Repurchases. The share repurchase program is not expected to change Genworth’s ownership interest in Enact post completion. The foregoing description of the Agreement is only a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this quarterly filing on Form 10-Q and incorporated by reference herein. The Agreement is filed with this quarterly report on Form 10-Q to provide security holders with information regarding its terms. It is not intended to provide any other factual information about Enact, or Genworth. The representations, warranties, and covenants contained in the Agreement were made solely for purposes of such agreement and as of specific dates, are solely for the benefit of the parties to the Agreement, and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the parties. Security holders should not rely on the representations, warranties, and covenants or any descriptions thereof as characterizations of the actual state of facts or condition of Enact, or Genworth. Moreover, information concerning the subject matter of the representations and warranties may change after the date of the Agreement, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in Enact’s public disclosures, except to the extent required by law.

Item 6. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules


Exhibit Number						Description of Exhibit
3.1						Amended and Restated Bylaws of Enact Holdings, Inc . (incorporated by refere nce to Exhibit 3.1 to th e Company ’s Current Repo rt on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and E xchange Co m mission on Aug ust 15, 202 2)



10.1						Share Repurchase Agreement, dated November 1 , 2022, by and between Enact Holdings, Inc. and Genworth Holdings, Inc.
31.1						Certification of Principal Executive Officer (filed herewith)
31.2						Certification of Principal Financial Officer (filed herewith)
32.1						Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code — Principal Executive Officer (filed herewith)
32.2						Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code — Principal Financial Officer (filed herewith)
101.INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

______________

+ Indicates management contract and compensatory plan

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned duly authorized.

ENACT HOLDINGS, INC.

(Registrant)

Dated: November 3, 2022


By:			/s/ Hardin Dean Mitchell
			Hardin Dean Mitchell
			Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
			(Principal Financial Officer)


By:			/s/ James McMullen
			James McMullen
			Vice President, Controller and Principal Accounting Officer