ExOne Co - Quarter Report: 2015 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015

OR

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File No. 001-35806

The ExOne Company

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

127 Industry Boulevard

North Huntingdon, Pennsylvania 15642

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(724) 863-9663

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).  Yes o  No x

As of November 9, 2015, 14,524,637 shares of common stock, par value $0.01, were outstanding.

IMPLICATIONS OF BEING AN EMERGING GROWTH COMPANY

As a company with less than $1.0 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). An EGC may take advantage of specified reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies.

As an EGC:

We will continue to operate under these provisions until December 31, 2018, or such earlier time that we are no longer an EGC. We would cease to be an EGC if we have more than $1.0 billion in annual revenues, qualify as a “large accelerated filer” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which requires us to have more than $700 million in market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates, or issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. We may choose to take advantage of some, but not all, of these reduced burdens.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The ExOne Company and Subsidiaries

Condensed Statement of Consolidated Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per-share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The ExOne Company and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The ExOne Company and Subsidiaries

Condensed Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The ExOne Company and Subsidiaries

Condensed Statement of Changes in Consolidated Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The ExOne Company and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per-share and share amounts)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Organization

The ExOne Company (“ExOne”) is a corporation organized under the laws of the state of Delaware. ExOne was formed on January 1, 2013, when The Ex One Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, merged with and into a Delaware corporation, which survived and changed its name to The ExOne Company (the “Reorganization”). As a result of the Reorganization, The Ex One Company, LLC became ExOne, the common and preferred interest holders of The Ex One Company, LLC became holders of common stock and preferred stock, respectively, of ExOne, and the subsidiaries of The Ex One Company, LLC became the subsidiaries of ExOne. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ExOne, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, ExOne Americas LLC (United States), ExOne GmbH (Germany), ExOne Property GmbH (Germany), ExOne KK (Japan); effective in March 2014, MWT—Gesellschaft für Industrielle Mikrowellentechnik mbH (Germany); effective in May 2014, ExOne Italy S.r.l (Italy); and effective in July 2015, ExOne Sweden AB (Sweden). Collectively, the consolidated group is referred to as the “Company”.

On February 6, 2013, the Company commenced an initial public offering of 6,095,000 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $18.00 per share, of which 5,483,333 shares were sold by the Company and 611,667 were sold by a selling stockholder (including consideration of the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option). Following completion of the offering on February 12, 2013, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $91,996 (net of underwriting commissions).

On September 9, 2013, the Company commenced a secondary public offering of 3,054,400 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $62.00 per share, of which 1,106,000 shares were sold by the Company and 1,948,400 were sold by selling stockholders (including consideration of the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option). Following completion of the offering on September 13, 2013, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $65,315 (net of underwriting commissions).

The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are unaudited. The condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary by management to fairly state the results of operations, financial position and cash flows of the Company. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year. The December 31, 2014 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from the audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in connection with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which includes all disclosures required by GAAP.

Liquidity

The Company has incurred a net loss in each of its annual periods since its inception. As shown in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company incurred a net loss of approximately $10,077 and $24,646 for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. As noted above, in connection with the completion of its initial public offering and secondary public offering in 2013, the Company received unrestricted net proceeds from the sale of its common stock of approximately $157,311. At September 30, 2015, the Company had approximately $20,253 in cash and cash equivalents.  In addition, in October 2015, the Company entered into a five-year, $15,000 revolving credit facility with a related party.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

On January 1, 2015, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidance clarifying the presentation of unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carryforward, or similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward exists. The amendment requires that unrecognized tax benefits be presented in the consolidated financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, unless certain exceptions exist. Previously, there was diversity in practice as no explicit guidance existed. As the Company had previously followed the now required presentation, the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

In May 2014, the FASB issued changes to the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. These changes created a comprehensive framework for all entities in all industries to apply in the determination of when to recognize revenue, and, therefore, supersede virtually all existing revenue recognition requirements and guidance. This framework is expected to provide a consistent

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and comparable methodology for revenue recognition. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this principle, an entity should apply the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation. These changes become effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, or January 1, 2018, in the event that the Company no longer qualifies as an EGC.  Early adoption is permitted, but the Company may adopt the changes no earlier than January 1, 2017 (regardless of EGC status). Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of these changes on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

In August 2014, the FASB issued changes to the disclosure of uncertainties about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. Under GAAP, continuation of a reporting entity as a going concern is presumed as the basis for preparing financial statements unless and until the entity’s liquidation becomes imminent. Even if an entity’s liquidation is not imminent, there may be conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. Because there is no guidance in GAAP about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern or to provide related note disclosures, there is diversity in practice whether, when, and how an entity discloses the relevant conditions and events in its financial statements. As a result, these changes require an entity’s management to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that financial statements are issued. Substantial doubt is defined as an indication that it is probable that an entity will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that financial statements are issued. If management has concluded that substantial doubt exists, then the following disclosures should be made in the financial statements: (i) principal conditions or events that raised the substantial doubt, (ii) management’s evaluation of the significance of those conditions or events in relation to the entity’s ability to meet its obligations, (iii) management’s plans that alleviated the initial substantial doubt or, if substantial doubt was not alleviated, management’s plans that are intended to at least mitigate the conditions or events that raise substantial doubt, and (iv) if the latter in (iii) is disclosed, an explicit statement that there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. These changes become effective for the Company on December 31, 2016. Subsequent to adoption, this guidance will need to be applied by management at the end of each annual period and interim period therein to determine what, if any, impact there will be on the consolidated financial statements of the Company in a given reporting period.

In April 2015, the FASB issued changes to the presentation of debt issuance costs in financial statements. These changes require an entity to present such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset, with an exception for line of credit arrangements. Amortization of debt issuance costs will continue to be reported as interest expense. These changes become effective for the Company on December 31, 2016, or March 31, 2016, in the event that the Company no longer qualifies as an EGC. Early adoption is permitted. The new guidance will be applied retrospectively to each prior period presented. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of these changes on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

In July 2015, the FASB issued changes to the measurement of inventories accounted for under any method other than last in, first out or the retail method. These changes require such inventories to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with net realizable value defined as the estimated selling price in the normal course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. These changes become effective for the Company on January 1, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The new guidance will be applied prospectively in the interim or annual period adopted. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of these changes on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Note 2. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table summarizes changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation adjustments consist of (i) the effect of translation of functional currency financial statements (denominated in the Euro and Japanese Yen) to the reporting currency of the Company (U.S. dollar) and (ii) certain long-term intercompany transactions between subsidiaries for which settlement is not planned or anticipated.

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There were no tax impacts related to income tax rate changes and no amounts were reclassified to earnings for either of the periods presented.

Note 3. Earnings Per Share

The Company presents basic and diluted net loss per common share amounts. Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares and common equivalent shares outstanding during the applicable period.

As the Company incurred a net loss during each of the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, basic average shares outstanding and diluted average shares outstanding were the same because the effect of potential shares of common stock, including incentive stock options (204,470 – 2015 and 153,970 – 2014) and unvested restricted stock issued (96,003 – 2015 and 25,834 – 2014), was anti-dilutive.

The information used to compute basic and diluted net loss per common share was as follows:

Note 4. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:

Raw materials and components consist of (i) consumable materials and (ii) component parts and subassemblies associated with 3D printing machine manufacturing and support activities. Work in process consists of 3D printing machines and other products in varying stages of completion. Finished goods consist of 3D printing machines and other products prepared for delivery in accordance with customer specifications.

At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the allowance for slow-moving and obsolete inventories was approximately $1,208 and $1,241, respectively, and has been reflected as a reduction to inventories (principally raw materials and components). Included in the allowance for slow-moving and obsolete inventories at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, is approximately $463 and $419, respectively, associated with the Company’s laser micromachining product line which was discontinued at the end of 2014.

Note 5. Impairment

During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, as a result of the significant decline in the market capitalization of the Company and continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies, the Company identified a triggering event requiring both (i) a test for the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use at the asset group level and (ii) a test for impairment of goodwill at the reporting unit level.  For purposes of testing, the Company operates as both a single asset group and a single reporting unit.  Assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use and goodwill requires significant judgments and estimates by management.

In assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use, the Company determined the carrying amount of long-lived assets held for use to be in excess of the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows of the related assets.  The Company proceeded to

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determination of the fair value of its long-lived assets held for use, principally through use of the market approach.  The Company’s use of the market approach included consideration of market transactions for comparable assets.  Management concluded that the fair value of long-lived assets held for use exceeded their carrying value and as such no impairment loss has been recorded. A significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset, adverse change in the use or condition of a long-lived asset, adverse change in the business climate or legal or regulatory factors impacting a long-lived asset and continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies associated with a long-lived asset, among other indicators, could cause a future assessment to be performed which may result in an impairment of long-lived assets held for use, resulting in a material adverse effect on the financial position and results of operations of the Company.

The Company subsequently performed an impairment test for goodwill by comparing the fair value of its reporting unit to its carrying amount.  The Company determined the fair value of its reporting unit through a combination of the market approach and income approach.  The Company’s use of the market approach included consideration of the Company’s market capitalization along with consideration of other factors that could influence the use of market capitalization as a fair value estimate, including premiums or discounts to be applied based on both market and entity-specific data.  The Company’s use of the income approach included consideration of present value techniques, principally the use of a discounted cash flow model.  In performing the impairment test for goodwill, the Company determined the carrying amount of goodwill to be in excess of the implied fair value of goodwill.  As a result, the Company recognized an impairment loss of approximately $4,419 associated with goodwill during the quarter ended September 30, 2015.  

The following table details the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:

Note 6. Contingencies and Commitments

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to various litigation, claims, and proceedings which have been or may be instituted or asserted from time to time in the ordinary course of business. Management does not believe that the outcome of any pending or threatened matters will have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.

Note 7. Equity-Based Compensation

On January 24, 2013, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). In connection with the adoption of the Plan, 500,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to the Plan, with automatic increases in such reserve available each year annually on January 1 from 2014 through 2023 equal to the lesser of (i) 3.0% of the total outstanding shares of common stock as of December 31 of the immediately preceding year or (ii) a number of shares of common stock determined by the Board of Directors, provided that the maximum number of shares authorized under the Plan will not exceed 1,992,242 shares, subject to certain adjustments.

The following table summarizes the total equity-based compensation expense recognized for awards issued under the Plan:

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At September 30, 2015, total future compensation expense related to unvested awards yet to be recognized by the Company was approximately $608 for incentive stock options (“ISOs”) and $1,156 for restricted stock awards. Total future compensation expense related to unvested awards yet to be recognized by the Company is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining vesting period of approximately 1.6 years.

The activity for ISOs for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was as follows:

At September 30, 2015, there was no intrinsic value associated with ISOs exercisable or ISOs expected to vest. The weighted average remaining contractual term of ISOs exercisable and expected to vest at September 30, 2015, was approximately 7.4 years and 8.3 years, respectively. ISOs with an aggregate intrinsic value of approximately $306 were exercised by employees during the quarter ended March 31, 2014, resulting in proceeds to the Company from the exercise of stock options of approximately $318. The Company received no income tax benefit related to these exercises. There were no exercises during the quarter or nine months ended September 30, 2015 or the quarter ended September 30, 2014.

The activity for restricted stock awards for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was as follows:

Note 8. Income Taxes

The (benefit) provision for income taxes for the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was ($41) and $107, respectively. The (benefit) provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was ($200) and $274, respectively. The Company has completed a discrete period computation of its (benefit) provision for income taxes for each of the periods presented. Discrete period computation is as a result of (i) jurisdictions with losses before income taxes for which no tax benefit can be recognized and (ii) an inability to generate reliable estimates for results in certain jurisdictions as a result of inconsistencies in generating net operating profits (losses) in those jurisdictions.

The effective tax rate for the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was 0.4% (benefit on a loss) and 2.5% (provision on a loss), respectively. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was 0.8% (benefit on a loss) and 1.9% (provision on a loss), respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 34.0% for each of the periods presented primarily due to net changes in valuation allowances for the periods.

The Company has provided a valuation allowance for its net deferred tax assets as a result of the Company not generating consistent net operating profits in jurisdictions with which it operates. As such, any benefit from deferred taxes in either quarterly period has been fully offset by changes in the valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets. The Company continues to assess its future taxable income by jurisdiction based on (i) recent historical operating results, (ii) the expected timing of reversal of temporary differences, (iii) various tax planning strategies that the Company may be able to enact in future periods, (iv) the impact of potential operating

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changes on the business and (v) forecast results from operations in future periods based on available information at the end of each reporting period. To the extent that the Company is able to reach the conclusion that deferred tax assets are realizable based on any combination of the above factors, a reversal of existing valuation allowances may occur.

The Company has a liability for uncertain tax positions related to certain capitalized expenses and intercompany transactions. At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the liability for uncertain tax positions was approximately $805 and $871, respectively, and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. In addition, at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had a liability for uncertain tax positions related to its ExOne GmbH (Germany) and ExOne KK (Japan) subsidiaries of approximately $642 and $354, respectively, which were fully offset against net operating loss carryforwards of the respective subsidiaries.

Note 9. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities which are required to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and credit risk.

The Company applies the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:

The Company is required to disclose its estimate of the fair value of material financial instruments, including those recorded as assets or liabilities in its consolidated financial statements, in accordance with GAAP.

The following table sets forth the fair value of the Company’s liabilities measured on a recurring basis by level:

The fair value of contingent consideration associated with the 2014 acquisition of Machin-A-Mation Corporation (“MAM”) is determined by using certain forecasts of future profitability of MAM (an unobservable input). The valuation technique utilized by the Company with respect to this instrument is a discounted cash flow model, principally based on the assumption of achievement of the profitability targets stipulated in the earn-out provision. Future expected payments ($200) have been discounted using a market participant interest rate assumption. Terms of the earn-out provision require minimum achievement of revenues ($3,500) and gross profit ($875) for the year ending December 31, 2015.

There were no changes in the fair value of contingent consideration during the quarter ended September 30, 2015.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recorded changes in the fair value of contingent consideration issued in connection with the acquisition of MAM of approximately ($190), with a corresponding amount recorded to selling, general and administrative expenses. Changes in contingent consideration recorded by the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 are based on (i) revisions of estimates of revenues and gross profit for MAM for the year ending December 31, 2015 and (ii) the impact of discounting future cash payments on the associated liabilities.

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The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments:

The carrying values and fair values of other financial instruments (assets and liabilities) not required to be recorded at fair value were as follows:

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, current portion of long-term debt and current portion of capital and financing leases approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. Cash and cash equivalents are classified in Level 1; current portion of long-term debt, current portion of capital and financing leases, long-term debt – net of current portion and capital and financing leases – net of current portion are classified in Level 2.

Note 10. Customer Concentrations

During the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company conducted a significant portion of its business with a limited number of customers. For the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s five most significant customers represented approximately 34.6% and 43.6% of total revenue, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s five most significant customers represented approximately 22.1% and 27.2% of total revenue, respectively. At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, accounts receivable from the Company’s five most significant customers were approximately $1,395 and $6,326, respectively.

Note 11. Related Party Transactions

Revenues

In December 2014, the Company entered into a sale agreement for a 3D printing machine with a powdered metal company with proprietary powders determined to be a related entity based on common control by the Chairman and CEO of the Company. Total consideration for the 3D printing machine (approximately $1,000) was determined to represent a fair market value selling price (based on comparable 3D printing machine sales to third parties) and was approved prior to execution by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. The Company recorded revenue of approximately $815 on this transaction during 2014 based on the delivery of products and/or services. During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recorded revenue of approximately $70 and $185, respectively, based on the delivery of additional products and/or services. All of the proceeds associated with this transaction have been received by the Company at September 30, 2015.

In March 2015, the Company entered into a separate sale agreement for a 3D printing machine with the same related entity described above. Total consideration for the 3D printing machine (approximately $950) was determined to represent a fair market value selling price (based on comparable 3D printing machine sales to third parties) and was approved prior to execution by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015 the Company recorded

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revenue of approximately $47 and $913, respectively, based on the delivery of products and/or services. At September 30, 2015, the Company continued to defer the remaining consideration covered under this transaction (approximately $37) as certain additional products and/or services remained undelivered by the Company. All of the proceeds associated with this transaction have been received by the Company at September 30, 2015.

In June 2015, the Company entered into a sale agreement for a 3D printing machine with a multi-national, diversified metals company determined to be a related entity on the basis that a member of the Board of Directors of the Company also receives his principal compensation from the entity. Total consideration for the 3D printing machine (approximately $146) was determined to represent a fair market value selling price (based on comparable 3D printing machine sales to third parties) and was approved prior to execution by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015 the Company recorded revenue of approximately $5 and $146, respectively, based on the delivery of products and/or services.

Additional sales of products and/or services to related entities for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015 were approximately $30 and $50, respectively. Additional sales of products and/or services to related entities for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2014 were approximately $9 and $32, respectively.

Amounts due from related entities at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, were approximately $42 and $144, respectively.

Expenses

In December 2014, the Company entered into a consulting arrangement with Hans J. Sack who was subsequently appointed to the Board of Directors of the Company on December 17, 2014. Total consideration under the consulting arrangement was approximately $75, of which approximately $50 was included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed statement of consolidated operations and comprehensive loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2015, based on the services rendered (the remaining amount having been recorded by the Company during the quarter ended December 31, 2014). In addition, the Company recorded approximately $9 for reimbursable expenses incurred in connection with this consulting arrangement (also included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed statement of consolidated operations and comprehensive loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2015). In connection with his appointment to the Board of Directors of the Company, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved this arrangement under company policy for related party transactions. In March 2015, Hans J. Sack resigned from the Board of Directors to accept a position as President of the Company.

Separate from the consulting arrangement further described above, the Company has purchased certain raw materials and components, website design services and the corporate use of an airplane and leased office space from related entities under common control by the Chairman and CEO of the Company. The cost of these products and/or services for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015 were approximately $6 and $21, respectively.  The cost of these products and/or services for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2014 were approximately $5 and $80, respectively. None of the transactions met a threshold requiring review and approval by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company.

The Company also receives the benefit of the corporate use of an airplane from a related party under common control by the Chairman and CEO of the Company for no consideration. There were no such benefits received by the Company during the quarter or nine months ended September 30, 2015. The Company estimates the fair market value of the benefits received during the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2014 were approximately $2 and $8, respectively.

Amounts due to related entities at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, were approximately $1 and $29, respectively.

Note 12. Subsequent Events

On October 23, 2015, ExOne and its ExOne Americas LLC and ExOne GmbH subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with RHI Investments, LLC (“RHI”), a related party, on a $15,000 revolving credit facility to (i) assist the Company in its efforts to finance customer acquisition of its 3D printing machines and 3D printed and other products and services and (ii) provide additional funding for working capital and general corporate purposes.  The Credit Agreement includes a term of five years (through October 23, 2020) and bears interest at a rate of one month LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 700 basis points (approximately 7.2% at inception).  The Credit Agreement requires a commitment fee of 100 basis points (or 1.0%) on the unused portion of the facility.  ExOne may terminate or reduce the credit commitment at any time during the term of the Credit Agreement without penalty.  ExOne may also make prepayments against the Credit Agreement at any time without penalty.  Provided there exists no potential default or event of default, ExOne may request an increase in the credit commitment not to exceed $15,000.  Incremental increases shall be in minimum increments of $5,000, with three such requests allowable during the term of the Credit Agreement.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement have been collateralized by the accounts receivable, inventories and certain machinery and equipment of ExOne, ExOne Americas LLC and ExOne GmbH.  The total estimated value of collateral was in significant excess of the maximum capacity of the Credit Agreement at inception.

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The Credit Agreement contains several affirmative covenants including (1) prompt payment of liabilities and taxes; (2) maintenance of insurance, properties, and licenses; and (3) compliance with laws.  The Credit Agreement also contains several negative covenants including (1) restricting the incurrence of certain additional debt; (2) prohibiting future liens (other than permitted liens); (3) prohibiting investment in third parties; (4) limiting the ability to pay dividends; and (5) limiting mergers, acquisitions, and dispositions.  The Credit Agreement does not contain any financial covenants.  The Credit Agreement also contains events of default, including, but not limited to, cross-default to certain other debt, breaches of representations and warranties, change of control events and breaches of covenants.

RHI was determined to be a related party based on common control by the Chairman and CEO of the Company.  Accordingly, the Company does not consider the Credit Agreement indicative of a fair market value lending.  Provided there exists no potential default or event of default, RHI cannot cause any acceleration of repayment of any amount outstanding under the Credit Agreement and is prohibited from terminating the Credit Agreement or withdrawing any unused portion of the Credit Agreement. Prior to execution, the Credit Agreement was subject to review and approval by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors and the independent members of the Board of Directors of the Company.

The Company has evaluated all of its activities and concluded that no other subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements, except as described above.

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(dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)

The following discussion and analysis should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act with respect to our future financial or business performance, strategies, or expectations. Forward-looking statements typically are identified by words or phrases such as “trend,” “potential,” “opportunity,” “pipeline,” “believe,” “comfortable,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “current,” “intention,” “estimate,” “position,” “assume,” “outlook,” “continue,” “remain,” “maintain,” “sustain,” “seek,” “achieve,” as well as similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could” and “may.”

We caution that forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and we assume no duty to and do not undertake to update forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from historical performance.

In addition to items described under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as modified and supplemented by “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015, the following factors, among others, could cause results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance: timing and length of sales of machines; risks related to global operations including effects of foreign currency and risks related to the situation in the Ukraine; our ability to qualify more industrial materials in which we can print; the availability of skilled personnel; the impact of increased operating expenses and expenses relating to proposed acquisitions, investments and alliances; our strategy, including the expansion and growth of our operations; the impact of loss of key management; our plans regarding increased international operations in additional international locations; sufficiency of funds for required capital expenditures, working capital, and debt service; the adequacy of sources of liquidity; expectations regarding demand for our industrial products, operating revenues, operating and maintenance expenses, insurance expenses and deductibles, interest expenses, debt levels, and other matters with regard to outlook; demand for aerospace, automotive, heavy equipment, energy/oil/gas and other industrial products; the scope, nature or impact of acquisitions, alliances and strategic investments and our ability to integrate acquisitions and strategic investments; liabilities under laws and regulations protecting the environment; the impact of governmental laws and regulations; operating hazards, war, terrorism and cancellation or unavailability of insurance coverage; the effect of litigation and contingencies; the impact of disruption of our manufacturing facilities or production service centers (“PSCs”); the adequacy of our protection of our intellectual property; material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting; the impact of customer specific terms in machine purchase agreements on the period in which we recognize revenue and the impact of market conditions and other factors on the carrying value of long-lived assets.

Overview

Our Business

We are a global provider of 3D printing machines and 3D printed and other products, materials and services to industrial customers. Our business primarily consists of manufacturing and selling 3D printing machines and printing products to specification for our customers using our installed base of 3D printing machines. We offer pre-production collaboration and printed products for customers through our nine PSCs, which are located in the United States, Germany, Italy, Sweden and Japan. We build 3D printing machines at our facilities in the United States and Germany. We also supply the associated materials, including consumables and replacement parts, and other services, including training and technical support, necessary for purchasers of our machines to print products. We believe that our ability to print in a variety of industrial materials, as well as our industry-leading printing capacity (as measured by build box size and print head speed) uniquely position us to serve the needs of industrial customers.

Recent Developments and Outlook

Our results of operations for both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015, were negatively affected by lower than expected sales of 3D printing machines as a result of longer than expected sales cycles for certain customers and as a result, our gross profit was negatively affected based on a lower contribution margin from the sale of these units. We have additionally experienced overall increased costs of production and selling, general and administrative activities, principally in the form of expanded personnel costs and facilities costs, both of which were attributable to the transition and expansion of our German and United States operations and deployment of our new enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system (both resulting in production and operational inefficiencies).  

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During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, as a result of the significant decline in our market capitalization and continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies, we identified a triggering event requiring both (i) a test for the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use at the asset group level and (ii) a test for impairment of goodwill at the reporting unit level.  For purposes of testing, we operate as both a single asset group and a single reporting unit.  Assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use and goodwill requires significant judgments and estimates by management.

In assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use, we determined the carrying amount of long-lived assets held for use to be in excess of the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows of the related assets.  We proceeded to determination of the fair value of our long-lived assets held for use, principally through use of the market approach.  Our use of the market approach included consideration of market transactions for comparable assets.  Management concluded that the fair value of long-lived assets held for use exceeded their carrying value and as such no impairment loss has been recorded. A significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset, adverse change in the use or condition of a long-lived asset, adverse change in the business climate or legal or regulatory factors impacting a long-lived asset and continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies associated with a long-lived asset, among other indicators, could cause a future assessment to be performed which may result in an impairment of long-lived assets held for use, resulting in a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

We subsequently performed an impairment test for goodwill by comparing the fair value of our reporting unit to its carrying amount.  We determined the fair value of our reporting unit through a combination of the market approach and income approach.  Our use of the market approach included consideration of our market capitalization along with consideration of other factors that could influence the use of market capitalization as a fair value estimate, including premiums or discounts to be applied based on both market and entity-specific data.  Our use of the income approach included consideration of present value techniques, principally the use of a discounted cash flow model.  In performing the impairment test for goodwill, we determined the carrying amount of goodwill to be in excess of the implied fair value of goodwill.  As a result, we recognized an impairment loss of approximately $4,419 associated with goodwill during the quarter ended September 30, 2015.  

Note the following 2015 operational highlights:

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At September 30, 2015, our backlog was approximately $22,800, of which, approximately $19,500 is expected to be fulfilled during the next twelve months.  At December 31, 2014, our backlog was approximately $13,200.

With our facilities expansions substantially behind us, and our new machine platforms (Exerial, S-Max+ and Innovent) gaining market attention, we continue to focus on improving the operational effectiveness of our business with the primary goal being the continued global adoption of our binder jetting technologies. This includes further expanding our business focus from predominantly prototyping activities and short-run production to series production, principally through our introduction of the Exerial machine platform. We intend to place a firm emphasis on maximizing revenues from our 3D printing machines and continuing to grow our revenues from 3D printed and other products, materials and services. We also plan to continue to effectively manage our costs of production (focusing on our print material costs and machine manufacturing costs) and operating expenses such that we align our spending plans with the anticipated growth of our business.

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We believe that our existing capital resources (including available borrowings under the revolving credit facility with a related party) will be sufficient to support our operating plan. If we anticipate that our actual results will differ from our operating plan, we believe we have sufficient capabilities to enact cost saving measures to preserve capital. Further, we may seek to raise additional capital to support our growth through additional debt, equity or other alternatives or a combination thereof.

Results of Operations

Net Loss

Net loss for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, was $10,077, or $0.70 per basic and diluted share, compared with a net loss of $4,451 or $0.31 per basic and diluted share, for the quarter ended September 30, 2014. Net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $24,646, or $1.71 per basic and diluted share, compared with a net loss of $14,643, or $1.02 per basic and diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

The increase in our net loss for both periods was principally due to a decrease in our revenues and gross profit principally attributed to a lower volume of sales of 3D printing machines and an unfavorable mix of sales (between 3D printing machines and 3D printed and other products, materials and services). We also incurred increased production costs associated with the transition and expansion of our global facilities and increased operating expenses, mostly due to our global facilities transition and expansion and implementation of our ERP system. These changes were offset by a reduction in research and development expense as a result of a reduction in costs associated with materials qualification and machine development activities, principally materials usage.  Also, during the quarter ended September 30, 2015, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of approximately $4,419 as a result of a significant decline in our market capitalization during the period, combined with continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies.

Revenue

The following table summarizes revenue by product line for each of the quarter and nine month periods ended September 30:

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The following table summarizes the significant components of the change in revenue by product line for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2015:

Revenue for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, was $8,864 compared with revenue of $9,649 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $785, or 8.1%. The decrease in revenue was due to a decrease in revenues associated with 3D printing machines as a result of lower volumes (5 units sold in 2015 versus 8 units sold in 2014) and an unfavorable mix of sales of machines based on unit type. Offsetting this decrease was an increase in revenue as a result of higher volumes from 3D printed and other products, materials and services driven by an overall continued increase in customer acceptance and demand for our additive manufacturing technologies, resulting in higher PSC volumes and an increase in materials and service revenues associated with an increased global installed base of our 3D printing machines. Unfavorable changes in currency also impacted revenues from both product lines (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen).

The following table summarizes the significant components of the change in revenue by product line for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2015:

Revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $24,155 compared with revenue of $28,135 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $3,980, or 14.1%. The decrease in revenue was due to a decrease in revenues associated with 3D printing machines as a result of lower volumes (14 units sold in 2015 versus 17 units sold in 2014) and an unfavorable mix of sales of machines based on unit type. Offsetting this decrease was an increase in revenue as a result of higher volumes from 3D printed and other products, materials and services driven by an overall continued increase in customer acceptance and demand for our additive manufacturing technologies, resulting in higher PSC volumes and an increase in materials and service revenues associated with an increased global installed base of our 3D printing machines. Unfavorable changes in currency also impacted revenues from both product lines (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen).

The following table summarizes 3D printing machines sold by type for each of the quarter and nine month periods ended September 30 (refer to the “Our Machines and Machine Platforms” section of Part I Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, for a description of 3D printing machines by type):

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Cost of Sales and Gross Profit

Cost of sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, was $7,695 compared with cost of sales of $7,162 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, an increase of $533, or 7.4%. The increase in cost of sales was principally the result of increased costs of production associated with our global facilities transition and expansion in Germany and the United States and our ERP system deployment (both resulting in production inefficiencies), the continued development of operations at our Italy PSC and commencement of operations at our Sweden PSC. The increase in cost of sales was offset by a reduction in costs associated with a lower volume of sales and mix of sales associated with 3D printing machines and favorable changes in currency (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen).

Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, was $1,169 compared with gross profit of $2,487 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $1,318, or 53.0%. Gross profit percentage was 13.2% for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, compared with 25.8% for the quarter ended September 30, 2014. The decrease in gross profit was the result of the decrease in revenues and increase in cost of sales as further cited above.

Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $21,881 compared with cost of sales of $21,533 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, an increase of $348, or 1.6%. The increase in cost of sales was principally the result of increased costs of production associated with our global facilities transition and expansion in Germany and the United States and our ERP system deployment (both resulting in production inefficiencies), the continued development of operations at our Italy PSC and commencement of operations at our Sweden PSC. The increase in cost of sales was offset by a reduction in costs associated with a lower volume of sales and mix of sales associated with 3D printing machines and favorable changes in currency (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen).

Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $2,274 compared with gross profit of $6,602 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $4,328, or 65.6%. Gross profit percentage was 9.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, compared with 23.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The decrease in gross profit was the result of the decrease in revenues and increase in cost of sales as further cited above.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, were $1,825 compared with research and development expenses of $2,261 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $436, or 19.3%. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily due to a reduction in costs associated with materials qualification and machine development activities, principally materials usage, and favorable changes in currency (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro).

Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, were $5,218 compared with research and development expenses of $6,014 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $796, or 13.2%. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily due to a reduction in costs associated with materials qualification and machine development activities, principally materials usage, and favorable changes in currency (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro).

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Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, were $5,018 compared with selling, general and administrative expenses of $4,593 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, an increase of $425, or 9.3%. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was principally due to an increase in consulting and professional fees, including costs associated with the deployment of our new ERP system, increased facilities costs associated with our global expansion and increased agent commission expenses on 3D printing machine sales.  Increases in selling, general and administrative expenses were offset by a reduction in the provision for bad debts associated with certain customer balances estimated as uncollectible and favorable changes in currency (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen).

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, were $17,479 compared with selling, general and administrative expenses of $15,061 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, an increase of $2,418, or 16.1%. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was principally due to personnel costs associated with an increased headcount (including salaries, related benefits and travel expenses) and certain employee termination costs and other growth-related expenses (consulting and professional fees, including costs associated with the deployment of our new ERP system), increased facilities costs associated with our global expansion, increased trade show expenses (principally attributed to the GIFA show in June 2015).  Increases in selling, general and administrative expenses were offset by a reduction in agent commission expenses on 3D printing machine sales and favorable changes in currency (principally appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen).

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, was $29 compared with interest expense of $32 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $3, or 9.4%. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $87 compared with interest expense of $106 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $19, or 17.9%.

The decrease for both periods was principally due to a lower average outstanding debt balance for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2014.

Other (Income) Expense – Net

Other (income) expense – net for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, was ($4) compared with other (income) expense – net of ($55) for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $51. The decrease in other (income) expense – net was principally due to a decrease in interest income and other financing activity benefits, mostly due to a lower average cash and cash equivalents balance for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2014.

Other (income) expense – net for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was ($83) compared with other (income) expense – net of ($210) for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, a decrease of $127. The decrease in other (income) expense – net was principally due to a decrease in interest income and other financing activity benefits, mostly due to a lower average cash and cash equivalents balance for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

(Benefit) Provision for Income Taxes

The (benefit) provision for income taxes for the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, was ($41) and $107, respectively. The effective tax rate for the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, was 0.4% (benefit on a loss) and 2.5% (provision on a loss), respectively. For each of the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 34.0% primarily due to net changes in valuation allowances for the period.

The (benefit) provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, was ($200) and $274, respectively. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, was 0.8% (benefit on a loss) and 1.9% (provision on a loss), respectively. For each of the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 34.0% primarily due to net changes in valuation allowances for the period.

We have provided a valuation allowance for our net deferred tax assets as a result of our inability to generate consistent net operating profits in jurisdictions in which we operate. As such, any benefit from deferred taxes in either quarterly period has been fully offset by changes in the valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets. We continue to assess our future taxable income by jurisdiction based on (i) our recent historical operating results, (ii) the expected timing of reversal of temporary differences, (iii) various tax planning strategies that we may be able to enact in future periods, (iv) the impact of potential operating changes on our business and (v) our forecast results from operations in future periods based on available information at the end of each reporting period. To the extent that we are able to reach the conclusion that deferred tax assets are realizable based on any combination of the above factors, a reversal of existing valuation allowances may occur.

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Impact of Inflation

Our results of operations and financial condition are presented based on historical cost. While it is difficult to accurately measure the impact of inflation due to the imprecise nature of the estimates required, we believe the effects of inflation, if any, on our results of operations and financial condition are not significant.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

We have incurred a net loss in each of our annual periods since our inception. In addition, we incurred a net loss of approximately $10,077 and $24,646 for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015. In connection with the completion of our initial public offering and secondary public offering in 2013, we received unrestricted net proceeds from the sale of our common stock of approximately $157,311. At September 30, 2015, we had approximately $20,253 in cash and cash equivalents.  In addition, in October 2015, we entered into a five-year, $15,000 revolving credit facility with a related party as further described below.

We believe that our existing capital resources (including available borrowings under the revolving credit facility with a related party) will be sufficient to support our operating plan. If we anticipate that our actual results will differ from our operating plan, we believe we have sufficient capabilities to enact cost saving measures to preserve capital. Further, we may seek to raise additional capital to support our growth through additional debt, equity or other alternatives or a combination thereof.

Credit Agreement

On October 23, 2015, we entered into a Credit Agreement with RHI, a related party, on a $15,000 revolving credit facility to (i) assist our efforts to finance customer acquisition of our 3D printing machines and 3D printed and other products and services and (ii) provide additional funding for working capital and general corporate purposes.  The Credit Agreement includes a term of five years (through October 23, 2020) and bears interest at a rate of one month LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 700 basis points (approximately 7.2% at inception).  The Credit Agreement requires a commitment fee of 100 basis points (or 1.0%) on the unused portion of the facility.  We may terminate or reduce the credit commitment at any time during the term of the Credit Agreement without penalty.  We may also make prepayments against the Credit Agreement at any time without penalty.  Provided there exists no potential default or event of default, we may request an increase in the credit commitment not to exceed $15,000.  Incremental increases shall be in minimum increments of $5,000, with three such requests allowable during the term of the Credit Agreement.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement have been collateralized by the accounts receivable, inventories and certain machinery and equipment of ExOne, ExOne Americas LLC and ExOne GmbH.  The total estimated value of collateral was in significant excess of the maximum capacity of the Credit Agreement at inception.

The Credit Agreement contains several affirmative covenants including (1) prompt payment of liabilities and taxes; (2) maintenance of insurance, properties, and licenses; and (3) compliance with laws.  The Credit Agreement also contains several negative covenants including (1) restricting the incurrence of certain additional debt; (2) prohibiting future liens (other than permitted liens); (3) prohibiting investment in third parties; (4) limiting the ability to pay dividends; and (5) limiting mergers, acquisitions, and dispositions.  The Credit Agreement does not contain any financial covenants.  The Credit Agreement also contains events of default, including, but not limited to, cross-default to certain other debt, breaches of representations and warranties, change of control events and breaches of covenants.

RHI was determined to be a related party based on common control by our Chairman and CEO.  Accordingly, we do not consider the Credit Agreement indicative of a fair market value lending.  Provided there exists no potential default or event of default, RHI cannot cause any acceleration of repayment of any amount outstanding under the Credit Agreement and is prohibited from terminating the Credit Agreement or withdrawing any unused portion of the Credit Agreement. Prior to execution, the Credit Agreement was subject to review and approval by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors and the independent members of our Board of Directors.

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Cash Flows

The following table summarizes the significant components of cash flows for each of the nine month periods ended September 30 and our cash and cash equivalents balance at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

Operating Activities

Cash used for operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $11,007 compared with $24,595 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The decrease of $13,588, or 55.2%, was mostly attributed to an increase in cash flows from net changes in assets and liabilities principally impacted by cash inflows (versus outflows) for accounts receivable from customers based on the timing of payment (mostly the timing of receipt of installment payments on 3D printing machines) and an increase in prepayments received from customers on 3D printing machine sale contracts. These increases were offset by cash outflows associated with an increase in our net loss.  In both periods, we experienced a cash outflow related to inventories consistent with our production plans.

Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $4,419 compared with $27,816 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The decrease of $23,397, or 84.1%, was primarily attributed to a decrease in capital expenditures, mostly due to (i) spending associated with the expansion of our facilities in Germany (spending complete at the end of 2014) and (ii) the acquisition of the land and building associated with our Japan subsidiary (completed during the quarter ended June 30, 2014) and cash paid for acquisitions closed during the quarter ended March 31, 2014 (MAM and MWT).

Our remaining 2015 capital expenditures plan includes approximately $1,000 in spending associated with continued facilities expansions.

Financing Activities

Cash used for financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $363 compared with $526 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

Uses of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, included principal payments on outstanding debt and capital and financing leases.

Uses of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, included principal payments on outstanding debt (including the payoff of debt assumed in connection with the acquisition of MAM) and capital and financing leases. These uses were offset by cash proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are not a party to any off balance sheet arrangements.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Guidance

Refer to Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Refer to Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.

We are exposed to market risk from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. We seek to minimize these risks through regular operating and financing activities and, when we consider it to be appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. We do not purchase, hold or sell derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The local currency is the functional currency for significant operations outside of the United States. The determination of the functional currency of an operation is made based on the appropriate economic and management indicators.

Foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated into their U.S. dollar equivalents based on year end exchange rates, and are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations are charged to operations as incurred, except for gains and losses associated with intercompany receivables and payables for which settlement is not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future, which are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheet.

We transact business globally and are subject to risks associated with fluctuating foreign exchange rates. Approximately 44.5% and 34.6% of our consolidated revenue was derived from transactions outside the United States for the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Approximately 45.4% and 50.6% of our consolidated revenue was derived from transactions outside the United States for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. This revenue is generated primarily from wholly-owned subsidiaries operating in their respective countries and surrounding geographic areas. This revenue is primarily denominated in each subsidiary’s local functional currency, including the Euro and Japanese Yen. A hypothetical change in foreign exchange rates of +/- 10.0% for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015, would result in an increase (decrease) in revenue of approximately $400 and $1,100, respectively. These subsidiaries incur most of their expenses (other than intercompany expenses) in their local functional currencies.

At September 30, 2015, we held approximately $20,253 in cash and cash equivalents, of which approximately $16,769 was held by our United States parent in U.S. dollars.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2015. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, management concluded as of September 30, 2015, that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at the reasonable assurance level due to material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as discussed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 26, 2015.

As a result of material weaknesses described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, we performed additional analysis and other post-closing procedures to ensure our condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, management believes that the financial statements and related notes thereto included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015, with the oversight of senior management and the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, we continued to take steps and additional measures to remediate the underlying causes of the identified material weaknesses including:

We can provide no assurance at this time that management will be able to report that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2015. As an EGC, we are exempt from the requirement to obtain an attestation report from our independent registered public accounting firm on the assessment of our internal controls pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 until such time that we no longer qualify as an EGC.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

The disclosure in this item updates and supplements the risk factors set forth in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item IA of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as modified and supplemented by “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item IA of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2015 and June 30, 2015.

We may incur future impairment charges to our long-lived assets held for use.  

As a result of continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies, we have completed certain tests for the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use at the asset group level.  Assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use requires significant judgments and estimates by management.  We will be required to conduct additional testing for the recoverability of long-lived assets held for use to the extent that a triggering event requiring such test is identified in a future period. A significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset, adverse change in the use or condition of a long-lived asset, adverse change in the business climate or legal or regulatory factors impacting a long-lived asset and continued operating losses and cash flow deficiencies associated with a long-lived asset, among other indicators, could cause a future assessment to be performed which may result in an impairment of long-lived assets held for use.  The amount of any impairment could be significant and could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations for the period in which the impairment is recorded.

(a)(3) Exhibits

The Exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.