Fidelity National Financial, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2025 March (Form 10-Q)

Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024

Goodwill Prepaid expenses and other assets Market risk benefits asset Lease assets Other intangible assets, net Title plants Property and equipment, net Total assets$ $ LIABILITIES AND EQUITYLiabilities: Contractholder funds$ $ Future policy benefits Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Market risk benefits liability Notes payable Reserve for title claim losses Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities Secured trust deposits Lease liabilities Income taxes payable Total liabilities Equity:

FNF common stock, $ par value; authorized shares as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024; outstanding of as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024

Preferred stock, $ par value; authorized shares; issued and outstanding,

Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss()()

Treasury stock, and shares as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, at cost

()()Total Fidelity National Financial, Inc. shareholders’ equity Non-controlling interests Total equity Total liabilities and equity$ $

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(In millions, except per share data)

2025

2024

Revenues:

Direct title insurance premiums

Agency title insurance premiums

Escrow, title-related and other fees

Interest and investment income

Recognized gains and losses, net

()

Total revenues

Expenses:

Personnel costs

Agent commissions

Other operating expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves

Market risk benefit losses (gains)

()

Depreciation and amortization

Provision for title claim losses

Interest expense

Total expenses

Earnings before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

Income tax expense

Earnings before equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

Net earnings

Less: Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests

Net earnings attributable to Fidelity National Financial, Inc. common shareholders

Earnings per share

Net earnings per share attributable to common shareholders, basic

Net earnings per share attributable to common shareholders, diluted

Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic

Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS

(In millions)


	2025	2024
Net earnings	$	$

Other comprehensive earnings (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments and other financial instruments (excluding investments in unconsolidated affiliates) (1)		()
Unrealized gain on investments in unconsolidated affiliates (2)
Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency translation (3)		()
Reclassification adjustments for change in unrealized gains and losses included in net earnings (4)	()
Changes in current discount rate - future policy benefits (5)	()
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk - market risk benefits (6)

Other comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest (7)	()	()
Other comprehensive earnings
Comprehensive earnings
Less: Comprehensive earnings attributable to non-controlling interests
Comprehensive earnings attributable to Fidelity National Financial, Inc. common shareholders	$	$

Accumulated ) )

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In millions)


	Three months ended March 31,

	2025	2024
	(Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings	$	$
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	()	()
Loss (gain) on sales of investments and other assets and asset impairments, net		()
Interest credited/index credits to contractholder account balances
Change in market risk benefits, net		()
Deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred sales inducements	()	()
Charges assessed to contractholders for mortality and admin	()	()
Non-cash lease costs
Operating lease payments	()	()
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates, return on investment
Stock-based compensation cost
Change in NAV of limited partnerships, net	()	()
Change in valuation of derivatives, equity securities, preferred securities, and other assets, net		()
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:
Change in derivative collateral liabilities	()
Change in reinsurance recoverable	()	()
Change in future policy benefits
Change in funds withheld from reinsurers
Net decrease in trade receivables
Net decrease in reserve for title claim losses	()	()
Net change in income taxes
Net change in other assets and other liabilities	()	()
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sales, calls and maturities of investment securities
Additions to property and equipment, capitalized software and title plants	()	()
Purchases of investment securities	()	()
Net proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investment securities
Acquisitions and dispositions		()
Additional investments in unconsolidated affiliates	()	()
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates, return of investment
Net other investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities	()	()


Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings
Debt offering
Debt service payments	()
Dividends paid	()	()
Subsidiary dividends paid to non-controlling interest shareholders	()	()
Exercise of stock options
Net change in secured trust deposits		()
Payment of contingent consideration for prior period acquisitions	()	()
Contractholder account deposits
Contractholder account withdrawals	()	()
Purchases of treasury stock	()
F&G common stock offering
Other financing activities	()	()
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	$

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note A —

Description of the Business

We are a leading provider of (i) title insurance, escrow and other title-related services, including loan sub-servicing, valuations, default services and home warranty, (ii) transaction services to the real estate and mortgage industries and (iii) annuity and life insurance products. FNF is one of the nation’s largest title insurance companies operating through its title insurance underwriters - Fidelity National Title Insurance Company ("FNTIC"), Chicago Title Insurance Company ("Chicago Title"), Commonwealth Land Title Insurance Company ("Commonwealth Title"), Alamo Title Insurance and National Title Insurance of New York Inc. - which collectively issue more title insurance policies than any other title company in the United States. Through our subsidiary, ServiceLink Holdings, LLC ("ServiceLink"), we provide mortgage transaction services, including title-related services and facilitation of production and management of mortgage loans. We are also a leading provider of insurance solutions serving retail annuity and life customers and institutional clients through our majority-owned subsidiary, F&G Annuities & Life ("F&G").

For information about our reportable segments refer to Note H Segment Information.

Recent Developments

F&G Common Stock Issuance

On March 24, 2025, F&G completed a public offering of shares of F&G common stock, par value $ per share. In connection with the offering, F&G entered into an underwriting agreement, pursuant to which they granted the underwriters of the offering a -day option to purchase up to an additional shares of common stock. Pursuant to the underwriting agreement, the underwriters agreed to resell to FNF shares of F&G common stock at the same price per share paid by the underwriters, which was $ per share. The underwriters option subsequently expired unexercised. F&G intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including the support of organic growth opportunities.

Redemption of % F&G Senior Notes

On February 1, 2025, F&G redeemed the outstanding $ million aggregate principal amount of its % Senior Notes due May 1, 2025 (the "% F&G Senior Notes"). The notes were redeemed for a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. For further information, refer to Note N Notes Payable.

% F&G Junior Notes

On January 13, 2025, F&G completed its public offering of its % Junior Subordinated Notes due 2065 with an aggregate principal amount of $ million (the "% F&G Notes"). F&G used the net proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes, including the repurchase, redemption or repayment at maturity of outstanding indebtedness. For further information, refer to Note N Notes Payable.

Income Tax

Income tax expense was $ million and $ million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Income tax expense as a percentage of earnings before income taxes was % and % in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in income tax expense as a percentage of earnings before taxes in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024 is primarily attributable to more valuation allowance being recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024.

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antidilutive instruments outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2025. There were fewer than million antidilutive instruments outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Unconsolidated Owned Distribution Investments

We paid commissions on sales through our unconsolidated owned distribution investments and their affiliates of approximately $ million and $ million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The acquisition expense is deferred and amortized in Depreciation and amortization on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Summary of Updated Significant Accounting Policies

Since our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, we have updated the following significant accounting policies for Derivative Financial Instruments and Funds Withheld Arrangements which have been followed in preparing the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, primarily as a result of executing certain derivative transactions.

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For further information, refer to Note E Derivatives.

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Note B —

$ Change in insurance recoverable() Claim loss provision related to: Current year Total title claim loss provision Claims paid, net of recoupments related to: Current year()()Prior years()()Total title claims paid, net of recoupments()()Ending balance of claim loss reserve for title insurance$ $ Provision for title insurance claim losses as a percentage of title insurance premiums % %

Several lawsuits were filed by various parties against Chicago Title Company and Chicago Title Insurance Company as its principal (collectively, the “Named Companies”) by plaintiffs claiming they were investors who were solicited by Gina Champion-Cain through her former company, ANI Development LLC (“ANI”), or other affiliates to provide funds placed in an escrow account that purportedly were to be used for high-interest, short-term loans to parties seeking to acquire California alcoholic beverage licenses. Plaintiffs further alleged that employees of Chicago Title Company assisted Ms. Champion-Cain and her entities in diverting the funds placed into an escrow account maintained by Chicago Title Company into which some of the plaintiffs’ funds were deposited.

In connection with the alcoholic beverage license scheme, the SEC filed a civil enforcement proceeding asserting claims for securities fraud against Champion-Cain and ANI in a lawsuit styled, Securities and Exchange Commission v. Gina Champion-Cain and ANI Development, LLC, pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. The receiver, who was appointed by the court to preserve the assets of the defendant affiliated entities, then filed a lawsuit in San Diego County Superior Court against the Named Companies seeking damages in a lawsuit styled, Krista Freitag v. Chicago Title Co. and Chicago Title Ins. Co. The Named Companies reached a global settlement with the receiver and several other investor claimants and jointly sought court approval of the global settlement and entry of an order barring any claims against the Named Companies related to the alcoholic beverage license scheme. On November 23, 2022, the federal court overruled any objections by non-joining investors and entered an order approving the global settlement barring further claims against the Named Companies (“Settlement and Bar Order”). After her receipt of the settlement funds, the receiver dismissed the lawsuit against the Named Companies.

Some of the non-joining investor claimants who objected to entry of the Settlement and Bar Order appealed the decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by (Cases 22-56206, 22-56208, and 23-55083). On February 20, 2025, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court’s Settlement and Bar Order, barring all ongoing and future litigation against CTC stemming from the scheme operated by Ms. Champion-Cain. On April 10, 2025, the appellants filed a petition for rehearing or rehearing en banc requesting the Ninth Circuit to reconsider its decision, but the petition was denied. The deadline for appellants to submit a petition for further review with the U.S. Supreme Court expires on August 5, 2025. Once the appellate decision is final, the remaining lawsuits pending in the Superior Court of San Diego County for the State of California involving claimants/investors who objected to CTC’s settlement with the receiver are expected to be dismissed as to CTC.

Chicago Title Company has also resolved a number of other pre-suit claims and previously disclosed lawsuits from both individual and groups of alleged investors under confidential terms. Based on the facts and circumstances of the remaining claims, including the settlements already reached, we have recorded reserves included in our reserve for title claim losses,

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Note C —

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$ $ $— $ Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale:Asset-backed securities ("ABS") — Commercial mortgage-backed securities — Corporates — Hybrids — Municipals — Residential mortgage-backed securities — U.S. Government — Foreign Governments — Preferred securities — Equity securities Derivative investments — Investment in unconsolidated affiliates — Other long-term investments — Short term investments — Loan receivable, included in Prepaid expenses and other assets — Market risk benefits asset — Other assets — Total financial assets at fair value$ $ $ $ $ LiabilitiesDerivatives:Indexed annuities/indexed universal life insurance ("IUL") embedded derivatives, included in Contractholder funds$ $ $ $— $ Interest rate swaps — Equity options — Reinsurance related embedded derivatives, included in Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities () — ()Contingent consideration obligation, included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities — Market risk benefits liability — Total financial liabilities at fair value$ $()$ $— $

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$ $ $— $ Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale:Asset-backed securities — Commercial mortgage-backed securities — Corporates — Hybrids — Municipals — Residential mortgage-backed securities — U.S. Government — Foreign Governments — Preferred securities — Equity securities Derivative investments — Investment in unconsolidated affiliates — Other long-term investments — Short term investments — Loan receivable, included in Prepaid expenses and other assets — Market risk benefits asset — Other assets — Total financial assets at fair value$ $ $ $ $ LiabilitiesDerivatives:Indexed annuities/IUL embedded derivatives, included in Contractholder funds$ $ $ $— $ Interest rate swaps, included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities — Equity options — Reinsurance related embedded derivatives, included in Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities () — ()Contingent consideration obligation, included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities — Market risk benefits liability — Total financial liabilities at fair value$ $()$ $— $

Valuation Methodologies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The carrying amounts reported in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for these instruments approximate fair value.

Fixed Maturity Preferred and Equity Securities

We measure the fair value of our securities based on assumptions used by market participants in pricing the security. The most appropriate valuation methodology is selected based on the specific characteristics of the fixed maturity, preferred or equity security, and we will then consistently apply the valuation methodology to measure the security’s fair value. Our fair value measurement is based on a market approach, which utilizes prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable securities. Sources of inputs to the market approach include third-party pricing services, independent broker quotations, or pricing matrices. We use observable and unobservable inputs in our valuation methodologies. Observable inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data including market research publications. In addition, market indicators and industry and economic events are monitored and further market data will be acquired when certain thresholds are met.

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since F&G will not be required to make any additional payments at maturity of the fund-linked note in order to receive the NAV of the fund on the maturity date. A Black-Scholes model determines the NAV of the fund as the fair value of the equity option regardless of the values used for the other inputs to the option pricing model. The NAV of the fund is provided by the fund manager at the end of each calendar month and represents the value an investor

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Third-Party ValuationDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Corporates Discounted Cash FlowDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Corporates Third-Party Valuation Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Municipals Third-Party ValuationDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Residential mortgage-backed securities Third-Party Valuation Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Foreign Governments Third-Party Valuation Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Preferred securities Discounted Cash FlowDiscount rate

% - % (%)

Equity securities Discounted Cash FlowDiscount rate

% - % (%)

Market Comparable Company AnalysisEBITDA multiple

x - x (x)

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates Market Comparable Company AnalysisEBITDA Multiple

x - x (x)

Other long-term investments:Available-for-sale embedded derivative Black Scholes ModelMarket Value of AnchorPath Fund

Prepaid expenses and other assets:Loan receivable Discounted Cash FlowRisk-Adjusted Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Collateral Volatility

% - % (%)

Other assets Discounted Cash Flow Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Conditional Prepayment Rate

% -% (%)

Market risk benefits asset Discounted Cash FlowMortality

% - % (%)

Surrender Rates

% - % (%)

Partial Withdrawal Rates

% - % (%)

Non-Performance Spread

% - % (%)

GMWB Utilization

% - % (%)

Total financial assets at fair value (a)$ LiabilitiesDerivatives:Indexed annuities/ IUL embedded derivatives, included in Contractholder funds$ Discounted Cash FlowMarket Value of Option

% - % (%)

Mortality Multiplier

% - % (%)

Surrender Rates

% - % (%)

Partial Withdrawals

% - % (%)

Non-Performance Spread

% - % (%)

Option Cost

% - % (%)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities:Contingent consideration Discounted Cash FlowRisk-Adjusted Discount Rate

% - % (%)

EBITDA Volatility

% - % (%)

Counterparty Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Market risk benefits liability Discounted Cash FlowMortality

% - % (%)

Surrender Rates

% - % (%)

Partial Withdrawal Rates

% - % (%)

Non-Performance Spread

% - % (%)

GMWB Utilization

% - % (%)

Total financial liabilities at fair value $

(a) Assets of $ million and liabilities of $ million for which significant quantitative unobservable inputs are not developed internally and not readily available to the Company (primarily those valued using broker quotes and certain third-party pricing services) are excluded from the respective totals in the table above.

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Third-Party ValuationDiscount Rate

% - %% (%)

Corporates Third-Party ValuationDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

CorporatesDiscounted Cash FlowDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Residential mortgage-backed securities Third-Party ValuationDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Foreign Governments Third-Party ValuationDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Preferred securities Discounted Cash FlowDiscount rate

% - % (%)

Equity securities Discounted Cash FlowDiscount rate

% - % (%)

Market Comparable Company AnalysisEBITDA multiple

x - x (x)

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates Market Comparable Company AnalysisEBITDA Multiple

x - x (x)

Other assets Discounted Cash FlowDiscount Rate

% - % (%)

Conditional Prepayment Rate

% - % (%)

Other long-term investments:Available-for-sale embedded derivative Black Scholes ModelMarket Value of AnchorPath Fund

Prepaid expenses and other assets:Loan receivable Discounted Cash FlowRisk-Adjusted Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Collateral Volatility

% - % (%)

Market risk benefits asset Discounted Cash FlowMortality

% - % (%)

Surrender Rates

% - % (%)

Partial Withdrawal Rates

% -% (%)

Non-Performance Spread

% - % (%)

GMWB Utilization

% -% (%)

Total financial assets at fair value (a)$ LiabilitiesDerivatives:Indexed annuities/ IUL embedded derivatives, included in Contractholder funds$ Discounted Cash FlowMarket Value of Option

% - % (%)

Mortality Multiplier

% - % (%)

Surrender Rates

% - % (%)

Partial Withdrawals

% - % (%)

Non-Performance Spread

% - % %)

Option Cost

% - % (%)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities:Contingent considerationDiscounted Cash FlowRisk-Adjusted Discount Rate

% - % (%)

EBITDA Volatility

% - % (%)

Counterparty Discount Rate

% - % (%)

Market risk benefits liabilityDiscounted Cash FlowMortality

% - % (%)

Surrender Rates

% - % (%)

Partial Withdrawal Rates

% - % (%)

Non-Performance Spread

% - % (%)

GMWB Utilization

% - % (%)

Total financial liabilities at fair value$ (a) Assets of $ million for which significant quantitative unobservable inputs are not developed internally and not readily available to the Company (primarily those valued using broker quotes and certain third-party pricing services) are excluded from the respective totals in the table above.

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$ $ $()$()$ $ $ ) ()() ) () () Other long-term investments: Prepaid expenses and other assets: ()$ $ $()$()$ $ $ LiabilitiesDerivatives:) () ()Accounts payable and accrued liabilities: () ()$ $ $ $()$ $ $()

(a) The net transfers out of Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were exclusively to Level 2.

(b) Refer to Note O Market Risk Benefits for roll forward activity of the net Market Risk Benefits Asset and Liability.

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$()$ $ $()$()$()$ $ Commercial mortgage-backed securities () Corporates ()() Municipals () Residential mortgage-backed securities Foreign Governments () Investment in unconsolidated affiliates Short term investments Preferred securities Equity securities () Interest Rate Swaps () Other long-term investments:Available-for-sale embedded derivative Credit linked note () Subtotal Level 3 assets at fair value$ $()$ $ $()$()$()$ $ Market risk benefits asset (b) Total Level 3 assets at fair value$ $ LiabilitiesDerivatives:Indexed annuities/IUL embedded derivatives, included in contractholder funds$ $ $ $ $ $()$ $ $ Interest rate swaps Accounts payable and accrued liabilities:Contingent consideration (c) Subtotal Level 3 liabilities at fair value$ $ $ $ $ $()$ $ $ Market risk benefits liability (b) Total Level 3 liabilities at fair value$ $

Valuation Methodologies and Associated Inputs for Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

The following discussion outlines the methodologies and assumptions used to determine the fair value of our financial instruments not carried at fair value. Considerable judgment is required to develop these assumptions used to measure fair value. Accordingly, the estimates shown are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that would be realized in a one-time, current market exchange of all of our financial instruments.

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million and $ million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Policy Loans (included within Other long-term investments)

Policy loans are reported at the unpaid principal balance and are fully collateralized by the cash surrender value of underlying insurance policies. The carrying value of the policy loans approximates the fair value and are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Company Owned Life Insurance

Company owned life insurance ("COLI") is a life insurance program used to finance certain employee benefit expenses. The fair value of COLI is based on net realizable value, which is generally cash surrender value. COLI is classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

Other Invested Assets (included within Other long-term investments)

The fair value of bank loans is estimated using a discounted cash flow method with the discount rate based on weighted average cost of capital ("WACC"). This yield-based approach is sourced from a third-party vendor and the WACC establishes a market participant discount rate by determining the hypothetical capital structure for the asset should it be underwritten as of each period end. Bank loans are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. For cost method investments, our carrying value approximates fair value. Cost method investments are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.

Investment Contracts

Investment contracts include deferred annuities (indexed annuities and fixed rate annuities), IUL policies, funding agreements and pension risk transfers ("PRT"), and immediate annuity contracts without life contingencies. The indexed annuities/IUL embedded derivatives, included in contractholder funds, are excluded as they are carried at fair value. The fair value of the deferred annuities (indexed annuities and fixed rate annuities) and IUL contracts is based on their cash surrender value (i.e., the cost the Company would incur to extinguish the liability) as these contracts are generally issued without an annuitization date. The fair value of funding agreements and PRT and immediate annuity contracts without life contingencies is derived by calculating a new fair value interest rate using the updated yield curve and treasury spreads as of the respective reporting date. The Company is not required to, and has not, estimated the fair value of the liabilities under contracts that involve significant mortality or morbidity risks, as these liabilities fall within the definition of insurance contracts that are exceptions from financial instruments that require disclosures of fair value.

Other

Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) common stock is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The carrying amount of FHLB common stock represents the value it can be sold back to the FHLB and is classified as Level 2 within the hierarchy.

Debt

The fair value of debt, with the exception of the F&G Credit Agreement is based on quoted market prices. The carrying value of the F&G Credit Agreement approximates fair value as the rates are comparable to those at which we could currently borrow under similar terms. The inputs used to measure the fair value of our outstanding debt are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

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$ $ $— $ $ Commercial mortgage loans — Residential mortgage loans — Investments in unconsolidated affiliates Policy loans — Other invested assets Company-owned life insurance — Trade and notes receivables, net of allowance — Total$ $ $ $ $ $ LiabilitiesInvestment contracts, included in contractholder funds$ $ $ $— $ $ Debt — Total$ $ $ $— $ $

December 31, 2024

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

NAV

Total Estimated Fair Value

Carrying Amount

Assets

(In millions)

FHLB common stock

—

Commercial mortgage loans

—

Residential mortgage loans

—

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates

Policy loans

—

Other invested assets

Company-owned life insurance

—

Trade and notes receivables, net of allowance

—

Total

Liabilities

Investment contracts, included in contractholder funds

—

Debt

—

Total

—

For investments for which NAV is used as a practical expedient for fair value, we do not have any significant restrictions in our ability to liquidate our positions in these investments, other than obtaining general partner approval, nor do we believe it is probable that a price less than NAV would be received in the event of a liquidation.

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Note D —

$()$ $()$ Commercial mortgage-backed securities () () Corporates () () Hybrids () Municipals () Residential mortgage-backed securities () () U.S. Government () Foreign Governments () Total available-for-sale securities$ $()$ $()$

December 31, 2024

Amortized Cost

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses

Gross Unrealized Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Fair Value

Available-for-sale securities

(In millions)

Asset-backed securities

()

Commercial mortgage-backed/asset-backed securities

()

Corporates

()

Hybrids

()

Municipals

()

Residential mortgage-backed securities

()

U.S. Government

()

Foreign Governments

()

Total available-for-sale securities

()

Securities held on deposit with various state regulatory authorities had a fair value of $ million and $ million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company held $ million and $ million, respectively, of investments that were non-income producing for a period greater than twelve months.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company's accrued interest receivable balance, excluding accrued interest receivable balances related to mortgage loans discussed below under "Mortgage Loans," was $ million and $ million, respectively. Accrued interest receivable is classified within Prepaid expenses and other assets within the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In accordance with our FHLB agreements, the investments supporting the funding agreement liabilities are pledged as collateral to secure the FHLB funding agreement liabilities and are not available to us for general purposes. The collateral investments had a fair value of $ million and $ million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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$ $ $ Due after one year through five years Due after five years through ten years Due after ten years Subtotal Other securities, which provide for periodic payments:Asset-backed securities Commercial mortgage-backed securities Residential mortgage-backed securities Subtotal Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities$ $ $ $

Allowance for Expected Credit Loss

We regularly review AFS securities for declines in fair value that we determine to be credit related. For our fixed maturity securities, we generally consider the following in determining whether our unrealized losses are credit related, and if so, the magnitude of the credit loss:

•The extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis;

•The reasons for the decline in value (credit event, currency or interest-rate related, including general credit spread widening);

•The financial condition of and near-term prospects of the issuer (including issuer's current credit rating and the probability of full recovery of principal based upon the issuer's financial strength);

•Current delinquencies and non-performing assets of underlying collateral;

•Expected future default rates;

•Collateral value by vintage, geographic region, industry concentration or property type;

•Subordination levels or other credit enhancements as of the balance sheet date as compared to origination; and

•Contractual and regulatory cash obligations and the issuer's plans to meet such obligations.

We recognize an allowance for current expected credit losses on fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position when it is determined, using the factors discussed above, a component of the unrealized loss is related to credit. We measure the credit loss using a discounted cash flow model that utilizes the single best estimate cash flow and the recognized credit loss is limited to the total unrealized loss on the security (i.e., the fair value floor). Cash flows are discounted using the implicit yield of bonds at their time of purchase and the current book yield for asset and mortgage-backed securities as well as variable rate securities. We recognize the expected credit losses in Recognized gains and losses, net in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings, with an offset for the amount of non-credit impairments recognized in AOCI. We do not measure a credit loss allowance on accrued investment income because we write-off accrued interest through Interest and investment income when collectability concerns arise.

We consider the following in determining whether write-offs of a security’s amortized cost are necessary:

• We believe amounts related to securities have become uncollectible;

• We intend to sell a security; or

• It is more likely than not that we will be required to sell a security prior to recovery.

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million and $ million, respectively.

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$()$ $()$ $()Commercial mortgage-backed securities () () ()Corporates () () ()Hybrids () () ()Municipals () () ()Residential mortgage-backed securities () () ()U.S. Government () ()Foreign Government () () ()Total available-for-sale securities$ $()$ $()$ $()Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position less than twelve months Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longerTotal number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position

December 31, 2024

Less than 12 months

12 months or longer

Total

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized
Losses

Available-for-sale securities

(In millions)

Asset-backed securities

()

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

()

Corporates

()

Hybrids

()

Municipals

()

Residential mortgage-backed securities

()

U.S. Government

()

Foreign Government

()

Total available-for-sale securities

()

Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position less than twelve months

Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longer

Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position

The unrealized losses as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were caused by higher treasury rates compared to those at the time of the F&G acquisition or the purchase of the security if later. For securities in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025, our allowance for expected credit loss was $ million. We believe the unrealized loss position for which we have recorded an allowance for expected credit loss as of March 31, 2025 was primarily attributable to interest rate increases, near-term illiquidity, and other macroeconomic uncertainties as opposed to issuer specific credit concerns.

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% of our total investments reported on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The mortgage loans in our investment portfolio are generally comprised of high quality commercial first lien and mezzanine real estate loans. Mortgage loans are primarily on income producing properties including industrial properties, retail buildings, multifamily properties, and office buildings. We diversify our CML portfolio by geographic region and property type to attempt to reduce concentration risk. We continuously evaluate CMLs based on relevant current information to ensure properties are performing at a consistent and acceptable level to secure the related debt. %$ %Industrial Mixed Use Multifamily Office Retail Student Housing Other

Total CMLs, gross of valuation allowance

$ %$ %Allowance for expected credit loss()()

Total CMLs, net of valuation allowance

$ $ U.S. Region:East North Central$ %$ %East South Central Middle Atlantic Mountain New England Pacific South Atlantic West North Central West South Central

Total CMLs, gross of valuation allowance

$ %$ %Allowance for expected credit loss()()

Total CMLs, net of valuation allowance

$ $

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$ $ $ $ $ $ 30-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total CMLs$ $ $ $ $ $ $


	December 31, 2024

	Amortized Cost by Origination Year
	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	Prior	Total
CMLs	(In millions)
Current (less than 30 days past due)	$	$	$	$	$	$	$
30-89 days past due
90 days or more past due
Total CMLs	$	$	$	$	$	$	$

%$ %


	March 31, 2025

	Amortized Cost by Origination Year
	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	Prior	Total
CMLs	(In millions)
LTV Ratios:
Less than 50.00%	$	$	$	$	$	$	$
50.00% to 59.99%
60.00% to 74.99%
75.00% to 84.99%
Total CMLs	$	$	$	$	$	$	$
CMLs
DSCR
Greater than 1.25x	$	$	$	$	$	$	$
1.00x - 1.25x
Less than 1.00x
Total CMLs	$	$	$	$	$	$	$

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$ $ $ $ $ $ 50.00% to 59.99% 60.00% to 74.99% 75.00% to 84.99% Total CMLs$ $ $ $ $ $ $ CMLsDSCRGreater than 1.25x$ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1.00x - 1.25x Less than 1.00x Total CMLs $ $ $ $ $ $ $

We recognize a mortgage loan as delinquent when payments on the loan are greater than 30 days past due. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had CML that was delinquent in principal or interest payments as shown in the tables above.

Residential Mortgage Loans

Residential mortgage loans (“RMLs”) represented approximately % and % of our total investments reported on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Our RMLs are primarily closed end, amortizing loans and % of the properties are located in the United States. We diversify our RML portfolio by state to attempt to reduce concentration risk.

%All other states (a) Total RMLs, gross of valuation allowance % Allowance for expected credit loss() Total RMLs, net of valuation allowance$

(a) The individual concentration of each state is less than 5% as of March 31, 2025.


	December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost	% of Total
U.S. States:	(In millions)
Florida	$		%
All other states (a)
Total RMLs, gross of valuation allowance			%
Allowance for expected credit loss	()
Total RMLs, net of valuation allowance	$

(a) The individual concentration of each state is less than 5% as of December 31, 2024.

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%$ %Non-performing Total RMLs, gross of valuation allowance % %Allowance for expected loan loss()()Total RMLs, net of valuation allowance$ $

An individual loan, or a portion thereof, is charged off when it is determined to be uncollectible. There were charge offs recorded by RMLs during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or during the year ended December 31, 2024.

$ $ $ $ $ $ 30-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total RMLs$ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ Commercial mortgage: Total non-accrual mortgages$ $

Immaterial interest income was recognized on non-accrual financing receivables for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

It is our policy to cease to accrue interest on loans that are delinquent for 90 days or more. For loans less than 90 days delinquent, interest is accrued unless it is determined that the accrued interest is not collectible. If a loan becomes 90 days or more delinquent, it is our general policy to initiate foreclosure proceedings unless a workout arrangement to bring the loan current is in place. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ million and $ million, respectively, of mortgage loans that were over 90 days past due.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ million and $ million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans that were in the process of foreclosure.

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reasonable and supportable forecast and then reverts over a period to market-wide historical loss experience. Changes in our allowance for expected credit losses on mortgage loans are recognized in Recognized gains and losses, net in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

)$()$()) ()()$()$() ()()()$()$()

An allowance for expected credit loss is not measured on accrued interest income for CMLs as we have a process to write-off interest on loans that enter into non-accrual status (90 days or more past due). Allowances for expected credit losses are measured on accrued interest income for RMLs and were immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the accrued interest receivable balance on CMLs totaled $ million and $ million, respectively, and the accrued interest receivable on RMLs totaled $ million and $ million, respectively. Accrued interest receivable is classified within Prepaid expenses and other assets within the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Interest and Investment Income

$ Equity securities Preferred securities Mortgage loans Invested cash and short-term investments Limited partnerships Tax deferred property exchange income Other investments Gross investment income Investment expense()()Interest and investment income$ $

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million and $ million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Recognized Gains and Losses, Net

)$()Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities (1)() Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) on preferred securities (2)() Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) on other invested assets() Change in allowance for expected credit losses() Derivatives and embedded derivatives:Realized gains (losses) on certain derivative instruments() Unrealized gains (losses) on certain derivative instruments() Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives (3)()()Change in fair value of other derivatives and embedded derivatives Net realized/unrealized (losses) gains on derivatives and embedded derivatives() Recognized gains and losses, net$()$

(1) Includes net valuation (losses) gains of $() million and $ million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(2) Includes net valuation (losses) gains of $() million and $ million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(3) Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives is due to activity related to the reinsurance treaties.

Recognized gains and losses, net is shown net of amounts attributable to certain funds withheld reinsurance agreements, which are passed along to the reinsurer in accordance with the terms of these agreements. Recognized gains and (losses) attributable to these agreements, and thus excluded from the totals in the table above, were $ million and $() million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

$ Gross gains Gross losses()()

Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities

We own investments in variable interest entities ("VIEs") that are not consolidated within our financial statements. A VIE is an entity that does not have sufficient equity to finance its own activities without additional financial support, where investors lack certain characteristics of a controlling financial interest, or where the entity is structured with non-substantive voting rights. VIEs are consolidated by their ‘primary beneficiary,’ a designation given to an entity that receives both the benefits from the VIE as well as the substantive power to make its key economic decisions. While we participate in the benefits from VIEs in which we invest, but do not consolidate, the substantive power to make the key economic decisions for each respective VIE resides with entities not under our common control. It is for this reason that we are not considered the primary beneficiary for the VIE investments that are not consolidated.

We invest in various limited partnerships and limited liability companies primarily as a passive investor. These investments are primarily in credit funds with a bias towards current income, real assets, or private equity. Limited partnership and limited liability company interests are accounted for under the equity method and are included in Investments in unconsolidated affiliates on our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, we invest in structured investments, which may be VIEs, but for which we are not the primary beneficiary. These structured investments typically

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$ $ $ Fixed maturity securities Total unconsolidated VIE investments$ $ $ $

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Note E —

$ $ $ $ $ Foreign currency swaps (a) Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments Derivatives not designated as hedging instrumentsEquity options (a)$ $ $ $ $ $ Interest rate swaps (a) Futures contracts (a) Other derivative investments (a) Other embedded derivatives (b) Indexed annuities/IUL embedded derivatives (c) Reinsurance related embedded derivatives (d) () ()Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Total derivatives $ $ $ $ $ $

(a)The fair value of derivative assets are reported in Derivative investments, and the fair value of derivative liabilities are reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(b)The fair value is included in Other long term investments on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(c)The fair value is included in Contractholder funds on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(d)The fair value of the embedded derivative asset is included in Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities as a contra-liability on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Collateral Agreements

We are required to maintain minimum ratings as a matter of routine practice as part of our over-the-counter derivative agreements on ISDA forms. Under some ISDA agreements, we have agreed to maintain certain financial strength ratings. A downgrade below these levels provides the counterparty under the agreement the right to terminate the open derivative contracts between the parties, at which time any amounts payable by us or the counterparty would be dependent on the market value of the underlying contracts. Our current rating does not allow any counterparty the right to terminate ISDA agreements. In certain transactions, both us and the counterparty have entered into a collateral support agreement requiring either party to post collateral when the net exposures exceed pre-determined thresholds. For all counterparties, except , the threshold is set to . As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 counterparties posted collateral of $ million and $ million, respectively, of which $ million and $ million, respectively, is included in Cash and cash equivalents with an associated payable for this collateral included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accordingly, the maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that we would incur if parties to the derivatives failed completely to perform according to the terms of the contracts was $ million as of March 31, 2025 and $ million at December 31, 2024.

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and futures contracts as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The fair value of the futures contracts represents the cumulative unsettled variation margin (open trade equity, net of cash settlements). We provide cash collateral to the counterparties for the initial and variation margin on the futures contracts, which is included in Cash and cash equivalents in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of cash collateral held by the counterparties for such contracts was $ million at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Note F —

million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. None of the amounts we have currently recorded are considered to be material to our financial condition individually or in the aggregate. Actual losses may materially differ from the amounts recorded and the ultimate outcome of our pending legal proceedings is generally not yet determinable. While some of these matters could be material to our operating results or cash flows for any particular period if an unfavorable outcome results, at present we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of currently pending legal proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

F&G is a defendant in putative class action lawsuits related to the alleged compromise of certain of F&G’s customers’ personal information resulting from an alleged vulnerability in the MOVEit file transfer software. F&G’s vendor, Pension Benefit Information, LLC (“PBI”), used the MOVEit software in the course of providing audit and address research services to F&G and many other corporate customers. Miller v. F&G, No. 4:23-cv-00326, was filed against F&G in the Southern District of Iowa on August 31, 2023. Miller alleges that he is an F&G customer whose information was impacted in the MOVEit incident and brings common law tort and implied contract claims for damages. Cooper v. Progress Software Corp., No. 1:23-cv-12067, was filed against F&G and other defendants in the District of Massachusetts on September 7, 2023. Cooper also alleges that he is an F&G customer and brings similar common law tort claims and alleges claims as a purported third-party beneficiary of an alleged contract.

Well over similar lawsuits have been filed against other entities impacted by the MOVEit incident including a number of such lawsuits related to PBI’s use of MOVEit. On October 4, 2023, the U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (JPML) created a multidistrict litigation (MDL) pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407 to handle all litigation brought by individuals whose information was potentially compromised in connection with the alleged MOVEit vulnerability. Both Miller and Cooper have been transferred to the MDL and are consolidated under MDL Case No. 1:23-md-03083-ADB-PGL. The case is proceeding under a modified bellwether structure to decide critical issues and facilitate reciprocal discovery, and Plaintiffs’ consolidated class action complaint against all the bellwether Defendants was filed on December 6, 2024. F&G was not selected as a bellwether Defendant, and there is no schedule in place for further proceedings involving the non-bellwether Defendants like F&G. At this time, we do not believe the incident will have a material impact on our business, operations, or financial results.

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million of % Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock to FNF. Plaintiff alleges that, based upon an unfair process and unfair price, the preferred stock investment was advantageous to FNF and unfair to F&G. Plaintiff seeks to recover damages on behalf of F&G for the alleged unfair preferred stock investment and the adoption of certain corporate governance measures. On July 24, 2024, F&G filed its answer, and the remaining defendants, including FNF, filed their motion to dismiss Plaintiff’s complaint. On September 23, 2024, Plaintiff voluntarily dismissed its action against William P. Foley, leaving FNF’s motion to dismiss fully briefed and a decision pending with the court. On February 4, 2025, FNF argued the motion to dismiss before the court. The remaining defendants will vigorously contest the Plaintiff’s claims in the action.

Fidelity & Guaranty Life Insurance Company (“FGL Insurance”) is a defendant in a lawsuit filed in U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas styled, Insurance Distribution Consulting, LLC v. Fidelity & Guaranty Life Insurance Company, Case No. 3:23-cv-00126. Plaintiff, which provides consulting services to independent marketing organizations (IMOs), alleges FGL Insurance failed to pay commissions owed to Plaintiff and diverted commissions from one of Plaintiff’s IMO customers, Syncis, to another IMO, Freedom Equity Group, LLC (“Freedom Equity”). Further, Plaintiff alleges after FGL Insurance purportedly purchased a partial ownership interest in Syncis and Freedom Equity, Plaintiff offered to sell its interests in its contracts with Syncis but FGL Insurance declined, leading Plaintiff to allege a statutory violation of 42 U.S.C. §1981 for discrimination where Plaintiff’s sole member is a racial minority. Plaintiff claims its damages for breach of contract from FGL Insurance’s purported failure to pay commissions are more than $ million and its damages from FGL Insurance’s declining to purchase Plaintiff’s interest in its contracts with Syncis are over $ million. FGL Insurance denies the allegations and denies any contract or agreement existed with Plaintiff to pay commissions. FGL Insurance filed its motion for summary judgment, and briefing is in process. The case is expected to be set for trial in the summer of 2025. FGL Insurance will vigorously contest the Plaintiff’s claims in the action. As this case continues to evolve, it is not possible to reasonably estimate the probability that Plaintiff will ultimately prevail on its claims or that FGL Insurance will be held liable for the dispute. At this time, we do not believe the lawsuit will have a material impact on our business, operations, or financial results.

From time to time, we receive inquiries and requests for information from state insurance departments, attorneys general, and other regulatory agencies about various matters relating to our business. Sometimes these take the form of civil investigative demands or subpoenas. We cooperate with all such inquiries, and we have responded to or are currently responding to inquiries from multiple governmental agencies. Also, regulators and courts have been dealing with issues arising from foreclosures and related processes and documentation. Various governmental entities are studying the title insurance product, market, pricing, and business practices, and potential regulatory and legislative changes, which may materially affect our business and operations. From time to time, we are assessed fines for violations of regulations or other matters or enter into settlements with such authorities, which may require us to pay fines or claims or take other actions. We do not anticipate such fines and settlements, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our business, operations, or financial results.

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Whole loans Fixed maturity securities, ABS Direct Lending Other fixed maturity securities, AFS Commercial mortgage loans Residential mortgage loans Other assets Other invested assets Total$

million. The loan matures on August 5, 2027. The principal balance outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $ million, and the balance is included in “Prepaid expenses and other assets” on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in fair value are reported within Recognized gains and losses, net in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Interest income is recorded in Interest and investment income in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and recognized when earned. The remainder of the unfunded loan commitment is included in the unfunded commitments table above in the “Other assets” line item.

Note G —

per share, payable on June 30, 2025, to FNF common shareholders of record as of June 16, 2025.

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Note H —

Agency title insurance premiums Escrow, title related and other fees Interest and investment income () Recognized gains and losses, net()() ()Total segment revenues () Significant segment expenses:Personnel costs Agent commissions Other operating expenses Benefits and other changes in policy reserves Total significant segment expenses Other segment items:Depreciation and amortization Provision for title claim losses Market risk benefit gains Interest expense Total other segment items Total segment expenses Earnings (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates ()()() Income tax expense (benefit) ()() Earnings (loss) before equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates () () Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations$ $()$ $()$ Assets$ $ $ $ $ Goodwill

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Agency title insurance premiums Escrow, title related and other fees Interest and investment income () Recognized gains and losses, net Total segment revenues () Significant segment expenses:Personnel costs Agent commissions Other operating expenses Benefits and other changes in policy reserves Total significant segment expenses Other segment items:Depreciation and amortization Provision for title claim losses Market risk benefit gains () ()Interest expense Total other segment items Total segment expenses Earnings (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates ()() Income tax expense (benefit) () Earnings (loss) before equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates () Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations$ $ $ $()$ Assets$ $ $ $ $ Goodwill

The activities in our segments include the following:

•Title. This segment consists of the operations of our title insurance underwriters and related businesses. This segment provides core title insurance and escrow and other title-related services including loan sub-servicing, valuations, default services, and home warranty.

•F&G. This segment primarily consists of the operations of our annuities and life insurance related businesses. This segment issues a broad portfolio of annuity and life products, including deferred annuities (indexed annuities and fixed rate annuities), immediate annuities and IUL. This segment also provides funding agreements and PRT solutions.

•Corporate and Other. This segment consists of the operations of the parent holding company, our real estate technology subsidiaries, and our remaining real estate brokerage businesses. This segment also includes certain other unallocated corporate overhead expenses and eliminations of revenues and expenses between it and our Title segment.

•Elimination. This segment consists of the elimination of dividends paid from F&G to FNF, which are included in the Corporate and Other segment.

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Note I —

$ Income taxes Deferred sales inducements Non-cash investing and financing activities:Investments transferred subject to reinsurance agreement() Change in proceeds of sales of investments available for sale receivable in period ()Change in purchases of investments available for sale payable in period Lease liabilities recognized in exchange for lease right-of-use assets Remeasurement of lease liabilities Liabilities assumed in connection with acquisitions Fair value of assets acquired Less: Total Purchase price Liabilities and noncontrolling interests assumed $ $

Note J —

$ Agency title insurance premiumsAgency title insurance premiumsTitle Life insurance premiums, insurance and investment product fees, and otherEscrow, title-related and other feesF&G Home warrantyEscrow, title-related and other feesTitle Total revenue from insurance contracts Revenue from contracts with customers:Escrow feesEscrow, title-related and other feesTitle Other title-related fees and incomeEscrow, title-related and other feesTitle ServiceLink, excluding title premiums, escrow fees, and subservicing feesEscrow, title-related and other feesTitle Real estate technologyEscrow, title-related and other feesCorporate and other Total revenue from contracts with customers Other revenue:Loan subservicing revenueEscrow, title-related and other feesTitle OtherEscrow, title-related and other feesCorporate and other Interest and investment incomeInterest and investment incomeVarious Recognized gains and losses, netRecognized gains and losses, netVarious() Total revenuesTotal revenues$ $ )

For IUL, the cash flow assumptions used to amortize URL reflect the Company’s best estimates for policyholder behavior. We review cash flow assumptions annually, generally in the third quarter. In 2024, F&G undertook a review of all significant assumptions, resulting in a revision to the IUL assumptions involving premium persistency and mortality improvement.

Note K —

$ Value of business acquired Deferred acquisition costs Deferred sales inducements Value of distribution asset Computer software Trademarks, tradenames, and other ) )

VOBA amortization expense of $ million and $ million was recorded in Depreciation and amortization on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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$ $ $ Capitalization Amortization()()()()

Balance at March 31, 2025

$ $ $ $ Indexed AnnuitiesFixed Rate AnnuitiesUniversal LifeTotal (a)(In millions)

Balance at January 1, 2024

$ $ $ $ Capitalization Amortization()()()()

Balance at March 31, 2024

$ $ $ $

(a) Excludes insignificant amounts of DAC related to funding agreement backed notes ("FABN") and PRT.

DAC amortization expense of $ million and $ million was recorded in Depreciation and amortization on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, excluding insignificant amounts related to FABN and PRT.

$ Fixed Rate Annuities Universal Life Funding Agreements PRT Total$ $ $ Capitalization Amortization()()Balance at March 31,$ $

DSI amortization expense of $ million and $ million was recorded in Depreciation and amortization on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The cash flow assumptions used to amortize VOBA and DAC were consistent with the assumptions used to estimate the future policy benefit ("FPB") for life contingent immediate annuities, and will be reviewed and unlocked, if applicable, in the same period as those balances. For nonparticipating traditional life contracts, the VOBA amortization is straight-line, without the use of cash flow assumptions. For indexed annuity contracts, the cash flow assumptions used to amortize VOBA, DAC, and DSI were consistent with the assumptions used to estimate the value of the embedded derivative and MRBs, and will be reviewed and unlocked, if applicable, in the same period as those balances. For fixed rate annuities and IUL the cash flow assumptions used to amortize VOBA, DAC and DSI reflect the Company’s best estimates for policyholder behavior, consistent with the development of assumptions for indexed annuities and immediate annuities.

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Note L —

$ $ $ Ceded()()()() Net$ $ $ $

Amounts payable or recoverable for reinsurance on paid and unpaid claims are not subject to periodic or maximum limits. policies issued by the Company have been reinsured with any foreign company, which is controlled, either directly or indirectly, by a party not primarily engaged in the business of insurance. The Company has not entered into any reinsurance agreements in which the reinsurer may unilaterally cancel any reinsurance for reasons other than non-payment of premiums or other similar credit issues.

Reinsurance Transactions

The following summarizes significant changes to third-party reinsurance agreements for the period ended March 31, 2025:

Everlake: Effective January 1, 2025, F&G amended the existing flow reinsurance agreement with Everlake Life Insurance Company (“Everlake”) to cede future additional MYGA business for agreed upon periods to Everlake pursuant to an offer and acceptance process, rather than on a flow basis. The amendment included a cession of an in force block of certain MYGA policies on a coinsurance quota share basis.

There have been no other significant changes to third party reinsurance agreements for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

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$ Coinsurance Funds WithheldCertain MYGA (b)DepositSomerset Reinsurance Ltd. (c) Coinsurance Funds WithheldCertain MYGA (b) and deferred annuitiesDepositCoinsurance Funds WithheldCertain FIAReinsurance Everlake Coinsurance Certain MYGA (b) (d)DepositWilton Reassurance Company CoinsuranceBlock of traditional, IUL and UL (e)ReinsuranceOther (f) Reinsurance recoverable, gross of allowance Allowance for expected credit losses()()Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for expected credit losses$ $ (a) Reinsurance recoverables do not include unearned ceded premiums that would be recovered in the event of early termination of certain traditional life policies.

(b) The combined quota share flow reinsurance amongst all reinsurers for 2025 was % for the majority of the first quarter of 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the combined quota share flow reinsurance amongst all reinsurers was %. Refer to Everlake amendment in first quarter of 2025 above.

(c) The balance represents the total reinsurance recoverable for all reinsurance agreements with Somerset. (d) Reinsurance recoverable is collateralized by assets placed in a statutory comfort trust by the reinsurer and maintained for our sole benefit.(e) Also includes certain FGL Insurance life insurance policies that are subject to redundant reserves, reported on a statutory basis, under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX.(f) Represents all other reinsurers, with no single reinsurer having a carrying value in excess of 5% of total reinsurance recoverable.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, F&G had a deposit asset of $ million and $ million, respectively, which is reported in the Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for credit losses on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company incurred risk charge fees of $ million and $ million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, in relation to reinsurance agreements.

Credit Losses

The Company estimates expected credit losses on reinsurance recoverables using a probability of default/loss given default model. Significant inputs to the model include the reinsurer's credit risk, expected timing of recovery, industry-wide historical default experience, senior unsecured bond recovery rates, and credit enhancement features. There was no material change in the expected credit loss reserve for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Concentration of Reinsurance Risk

As indicated above, F&G has a significant concentration of reinsurance risk with third party reinsurers, Aspida Life Re Ltd. (“Aspida Re”), Somerset Reinsurance Ltd. (“Somerset”), Everlake and Wilton Reassurance (“Wilton Re”) that could have a material impact on our financial position in the event that any of these reinsurers fails to perform its obligations under the various reinsurance treaties. We monitor the financial condition and financial strength of individual reinsurers using public ratings (refer to table below) and ratings reports of individual reinsurers to attempt to reduce the risk of default by such reinsurers. In addition, the risk of non-performance is further mitigated with various forms of collateral or collateral arrangements, including secured trusts, funds withheld accounts, and irrevocable letters of credit. We believe that all amounts due from Aspida Re, Somerset, Everlake, and Wilton Re for periodic treaty settlements, net of any applicable credit loss reserves, are collectible as of March 31, 2025. The following table presents financial strength ratings as of March 31, 2025:

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Note M —

)$ $ $()For the three months ended March 31, 2024 ()Statutory Capital and Surplus:March 31, 2025$ $ $ $ December 31, 2024

(a) FGL NY Insurance, Raven Re, and Corbeau Re are subsidiaries of FGL Insurance, and the columns should not be added together.

Prescribed and permitted practices

FGL Insurance - FGL Insurance applies Iowa-prescribed accounting practices prescribed by Iowa Administrative Code 191 Chapter 97, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments Used to Hedge the Growth in Interest Credited for Indexed Insurance Products and Accounting for the Indexed Insurance Products Reserve,” for its indexed annuities and IUL products. Under these alternative accounting practices, the equity option derivative instruments that hedge the growth in interest credited on index products are accounted for at amortized cost with the corresponding amortization recorded as a decrease to net investment income and indexed annuity reserves are calculated based on Standard Valuation Law and Actuarial Guideline XXXV assuming the market value of the equity options associated with the current index term is zero regardless of the observable market value for such options.

In addition, based on a permitted practice received from the Iowa Insurance Division, FGL Insurance carries one of its limited partnership interests, which qualifies for accounting under SSAP No. 48, “Investments in Joint Ventures, Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies,” on a net asset value per share basis. This is a departure from SSAP No. 48, which requires such investments to be carried based on the investees underlying GAAP equity (prior to any impairment considerations).This limited partnership investment was redeemed as of December 31, 2024 and subsequently repurchased during the first quarter of 2025. In addition, the financial statements of Raven Re and Corbeau Re include certain permitted practices approved by the Vermont Department of Financial Regulation. Without these permitted practices, the carry value of these entities would be .

The prescribed and permitted practices resulted in increases to statutory capital and surplus of $ million and $ million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

There have been no material changes to the prescribed and permitted practices for our U.S. insurance subsidiaries, which were detailed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and no other significant changes in the regulatory status of our insurance subsidiaries as of March 31, 2025.

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permitted practices, which have been approved by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (“CIMA”). F&G Cayman Re has a permitted practice approved by CIMA to include, as an admitted asset, the value of the letters of credit (“LOCs”) acquired to support reinsurance transactions. Also, F&G Cayman Re has a permitted practice, approved by CIMA, for PRT reinsurance transactions to use U.S. statutory book value adjusted for best estimate reserve calculations (consistent with GAAP prior to ASU 2018-12, Financial Services-Insurance (Topic 944), Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts). These reserve calculations will be subject to annual assumption reviews consistent with other GAAP liability balances. If F&G Cayman Re had not been permitted to calculate PRT assumed reserves using best estimate reserve calculations or include the value of the LOCs as an admitted asset, statutory surplus would be $() million and $() million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Without such permitted statutory accounting practices, F&G Cayman Re’s risk-based capital would fall below the minimum regulatory requirements as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

F&G Life Re files financial statements based on GAAP.

Net income and capital and surplus of our wholly owned Cayman Islands and Bermuda regulated insurance subsidiaries under SAP and GAAP, respectively, were as follows :

$ For the three months ended March 31, 2024() Statutory Capital and Surplus:March 31, 2025$ $ December 31, 2024

The prescribed and permitted statutory accounting practices have no impact on our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which are prepared in accordance with GAAP.

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Note N —

% Notes, net of discount$ $

% Notes, net of discount

Revolving Credit Facility()()F&G Credit Agreement

% F&G Notes, net of discount

Other $ $

On January 13, 2025, F&G completed its public offering of the “% F&G Junior Notes. F&G used the net proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes, including the repurchase, redemption or repayment at maturity of outstanding indebtedness. The % F&G Junior Notes are junior, unsecured subordinated obligations of F&G. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears beginning on April 15, 2025, and the % F&G Junior Notes mature on January 15, 2065, unless earlier repurchased or redeemed. The % F&G Junior Notes become redeemable in whole or in part, any time and from time to time on or after January 15, 2030 or within 90 days of the occurrence of certain events as described in the indenture. The % F&G Junior Notes were registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended) (the “Securities Act”).

On October 4, 2024, F&G issued $ million of its % Senior Notes due 2034. The % F&G Notes were issued at % of face value, net of deferred issuance costs of approximately $ million. The % F&G Notes are senior unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of F&G and are guaranteed by each of F&G's subsidiaries that are guarantors of F&G's obligations under its existing credit agreement. The % F&G Notes mature on October 4, 2034, and become callable on July 4, 2034. Interest is payable semi-annually at a fixed rate of %, and if the % F&G Notes are downgraded, the interest rate payable is subject to adjustment from time to time per the terms of the indenture. A portion of the net proceeds were used to pay off the outstanding balance of $ million on the F&G Credit Agreement described below. F&G intends to use the remaining net proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes, including the support of organic growth opportunities.

On June 4, 2024, F&G completed its public offering of $ million aggregate principal amount of its % F&G Notes due 2029. The % F&G Notes were issued at % of face value net of deferred issuance costs of approximately $ million. The % F&G Notes are guaranteed on an unsecured, unsubordinated basis by each of F&G’s subsidiaries that are guarantors of F&G’s obligations under its existing credit agreement. The % F&G Notes mature on June 4, 2029, and become callable on May 4, 2029. Interest is payable semi-annually at a fixed rate of %, and, if the % F&G Notes are downgraded, the interest rate payable is subject to adjustment from time to time per the terms of the indenture. A portion of the net proceeds were used to finance a cash tender offer by its wholly owned subsidiary Fidelity & Guaranty Life Holdings, Inc. (“FGLH”) for an aggregate principal amount of $ million of FGLH’s % Senior Notes due 2025 (the “% F&G Notes”). F&G intends to use the remaining net proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes, which may include the repurchase, redemption or repayment at maturity of outstanding indebtedness.

On December 6, 2023, F&G issued $ million of its % Senior Notes due 2053 ("% F&G Notes"). The % F&G Notes were issued at par, net of deferred issuance costs of approximately $ million. The % F&G Notes are senior unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of F&G and are guaranteed by each of F&G’s subsidiaries that are guarantors of F&G’s obligations under its existing credit agreement. The % F&G Notes mature on December 15, 2053, and become callable on December 15, 2028. Interest is payable quarterly at a fixed rate of %, and, if the % F&G Notes are downgraded, the interest rate payable is subject to adjustment from time to time per the terms of the indenture.

On January 13, 2023, F&G issued $ million of its % Notes due 2028 ("the % F&G Notes"). The % F&G Notes were issued at par, net of deferred issuance costs of approximately $ million. The % F&G Notes are senior, unsecured unsubordinated obligations of F&G and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on an unsecured, unsubordinated basis by each of F&G’s subsidiaries that are guarantors of F&G’s obligations under its existing credit agreement. The %

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%, and if, the % F&G Notes are downgraded, the interest rate payable is subject to adjustment from time to time per the terms of the indenture.

On November 22, 2022, F&G entered into the F&G Credit Agreement pursuant to which the Lenders have made available the F&G Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $ million to be used for working capital and general corporate purposes. On February 21, 2023, F&G entered into the Amended F&G Credit Agreement with the Lenders and the Administrative Agent, swing line lender and issuing bank. The Amended F&G Credit Agreement increased the aggregate principal amount of commitments under the F&G Credit Facility by $ million to $ million. On February 16, 2024, F&G entered into a Second Amended and Restated F&G Credit Agreement. Among other changes, the Second Amended and Restated F&G Credit Agreement amends the Amended F&G Credit Agreement to extend the maturity date to November 22, 2027, and increase the aggregate principal amount of commitments under the revolving credit facility to $ million.

Revolving loans under the Credit Agreement generally bear interest at a variable rate based on either (i) the base rate (which is the highest of (a) one-half of one percent in excess of the federal funds rate, (b) the Administrative Agent’s “prime rate”, or (c) the sum of % plus The Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a margin of between and basis points depending on the non-credit-enhanced, senior unsecured long-term debt ratings of F&G or (ii) Term SOFR plus a margin of between and basis points depending on the non-credit-enhanced, senior unsecured long-term debt ratings of F&G. In addition, F&G pays a facility fee of between and basis points on the entire facility, also depending on the non-credit-enhanced, senior unsecured long-term debt ratings, which is payable quarterly in arrears. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ million of remaining borrowing availability.

On September 17, 2021, we completed our underwritten public offering of $ million aggregate principal amount of our % Notes due 2051 ("the % Notes"), pursuant to our registration statement on Form S-3 ASR (File No. 333-239002) and the related prospectus supplement. The net proceeds from the registered offering of the % Notes were approximately $ million, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses. We used the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes.

On October 29, 2020, we entered into the Fifth Restated Credit Agreement for our Amended Revolving Credit Facility with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and the other agents party thereto. Among other changes, the Fifth Restated Credit Agreement amends the Fourth Restated Credit Agreement to extend the maturity date from April 27, 2022 to October 29, 2025. The material terms of the Fourth Restated Credit Agreement are set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. On February 16, 2024, we entered into a Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement for our $ million revolving credit facility (the "Amended Revolving Credit Facility") with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and other agents party thereto (the "Sixth Restated Credit Agreement"). Among other changes, the Sixth Restated Credit Agreement amends the Amended Revolving Credit Facility to extend the maturity date from October 29, 2025, to February 16, 2029. As of March 31, 2025, there was principal outstanding, $ million of unamortized debt issuance costs, and $ million of available borrowing capacity under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility.

On September 15, 2020, we completed our underwritten public offering of $ million aggregate principal amount of our % Notes due March 15, 2031 (the "% Notes") pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC. The net proceeds from the registered offering of the % Notes were approximately $ million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. We used the net proceeds from the offering (i) to repay all our $ million outstanding indebtedness under our prior term loan credit agreement dated April 22, 2020, among us, as borrower, various lenders, and Bank of American N.A., as administrative agent (the "Term Loan"), which provided for an aggregate principal borrowing of $ billion that we entered into to fund a portion of the acquisition of F&G and (ii) for general corporate purposes.

On June 12, 2020, we completed our underwritten public offering of $ million aggregate principal amount of the % Notes due June 15, 2030 (the “% Notes”) pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC. The net proceeds from the registered offering of the % Notes were approximately $ million, after deducting underwriting discounts, and commissions and offering expenses. We used the net proceeds from the offering (i) to repay $ million of the outstanding principal amount under the Term Loan, and (ii) for general corporate purposes.

On April 20, 2018, Fidelity & Guaranty Life Holdings, Inc. (“FGLH”), F&G's indirect wholly owned subsidiary, completed a debt offering of $ million of % F&G Notes due May 1, 2025 at % of face value for proceeds of $ million. As a result of our acquisition of F&G in 2020, a premium of million was established for these notes and is being amortized over the remaining life of the debt through 2025. In conjunction with the acquisition, we became a guarantor of FGLH's obligations under the % F&G Notes and agreed to fully and unconditionally guarantee the % F&G Notes, on a joint and several basis. A portion of the net proceeds of the % F&G Notes were used for a $ million cash tender offer of the % F&G Notes in June 2024. On February 1, 2025, F&G redeemed the outstanding $ million aggregate principal

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% Senior Notes due May 1, 2025 (the “% F&G Senior Notes”). The notes % F&G Senior Notes were redeemed for a redemption price equal to % of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. On and after the redemption date, interest ceased to accrue on the notes.

On August 13, 2018, we completed an offering of $ million in aggregate principal amount of % notes due August 2028 (the "% Notes"), pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The % Notes were priced at % of par to yield % annual interest. We pay interest on the % Notes semi-annually on the 15th of February and August, beginning February 15, 2019. The % Notes contain customary covenants and events of default for investment grade public debt, which primarily relate to failure to make principal or interest payments. On May 16, 2019, we completed an offering to exchange the % Notes for substantially identical notes registered pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "% Notes Exchange"). There were no material changes to the terms of the % Notes as a result of the % Notes Exchange and all holders of the % Notes accepted the offer to exchange.

2026 2027 2028 2029 Thereafter $

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Note O —

$ $ $ Balance, beginning of period, before effect of changes in the instrument-specific credit risk$ $ $ $ Issuances and benefit payments Attributed fees collected and interest accrual Actual policyholder behavior different from expected () Changes in assumptions and other Effects of market related movements () Balance, end of period, before effect of changes in the instrument-specific credit risk Effect of changes in the instrument-specific credit risk Balance, end of period, net liability Less: reinsured market risk benefits Balance, end of period, net of reinsurance$ $ $ $ Weighted-average attained age of policyholders weighted by total AV (years)Net amount at risk$ $ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ Fixed rate annuities Total MRB asset $ $ $ $ $ $ MRB liabilityIndexed annuities$ $ $ $ $ $ Fixed rate annuities Total MRB liability$ $ $ $ $ $

The net MRB liability increased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily as a result of collection of attributed fees, interest accrual, MRB reserves for contracts issued within the period and effects of market related movements, including the impacts of lower risk-free rates and decreases in equity market projections.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, notable changes made to the inputs to the fair value estimates of MRBs calculations included a decrease in risk-free rates leading to an unfavorable change in the MRBs associated with indexed annuities and fixed rate annuities; and decreases in the equity market related projections resulted in an increase in the net amount at risk associated with indexed annuities, leading to an unfavorable change in the value of the associated MRBs.

The net MRB liability increased for the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily as a result of collection of attributed fees, interest accrual, MRB reserves for contracts issued within the period, and changes in actuarial assumptions. These increases were partially offset by the effects of market related movements, including the impacts of higher risk-free rates and increases in the equity market related projections.

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Note P —

$ $ $ $ Issuances Premiums received Policy charges (a)() () Surrenders and withdrawals()()() Benefit payments()()()()()Interest credited Other () Balance, end of period Reconciling items (c) Gross liability, end of period Less: Reinsurance Net liability, after reinsurance$ $ $ $ $ Weighted-average crediting rate % % %N/AN/ANet amount at risk (d)N/AN/A$ N/AN/ACash surrender value (e)$ $ $ N/AN/A

(a) Contracts included in the contractholder funds are generally charged a premium and/or monthly assessments on the basis of the account balance.

(b) FABN and FHLB are considered funding agreements that are investment contracts, which follow the interest method of accounting, and therefore are not subject to ASU 2018-12 disclosure requirements. However, the Company has elected to present the liability for these agreements within the disaggregated roll forward as we believe it will provide meaningful information for users of the financials.

(c) The reconciling items reconcile the account balance to the gross GAAP liability. For indexed annuities and universal life, the reconciling items represent embedded derivatives and include the combination of the host contracts and the fair value of the embedded derivatives. For FABN, the reconciling items represent basis adjustments due to the impact of fair value hedge accounting.

(d) For those guarantees of benefits that are payable in the event of death, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance at the balance sheet date.

(e) These amounts are gross of reinsurance.

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$ $ $ $ Issuances Premiums received Policy charges (a)() () Surrenders and withdrawals()()() Benefit payments()()()()()Interest credited Other ()()Balance, end of period Embedded derivative adjustment (c) Gross liability, end of period Less: Reinsurance Net liability, after reinsurance$ $ $ $ $ Weighted-average crediting rate % % %N/AN/ANet amount at risk (d)N/AN/A$ N/AN/ACash surrender value (e)$ $ $ N/AN/A

(a) Contracts included in the contractholder funds are generally charged a premium and/or monthly assessments on the basis of the account balance.

(c) The embedded derivative adjustment reconciles the account balance to the gross GAAP liability and represents the combination of the host contract and the fair value of the embedded derivatives.

(e) These amounts are gross of reinsurance.

$ Fixed rate annuities Immediate annuities Universal life Traditional life Funding Agreement-FABN FHLB PRT Total$ $

Annually, typically in the third quarter, we review assumptions associated with reserves for policy benefits and product guarantees. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, based on experience, we reflected updates to the option budget assumption used to calculate the fair value of the embedded derivative component within contractholder funds. These changes resulted in a decrease in contractholder funds of approximately $ million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

For the year ended December 31, 2024, based on policyholder behavior, experience and interest rate movements, we reflected updates to surrender assumptions for recent and expected near term policyholder behavior, as well as updated certain indexed annuities assumptions used to calculate the fair value of the embedded derivative component within contractholder funds. These changes resulted in a decrease in in contractholder funds of approximately $ million for the year ended December 31, 2024.

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Basis Point- Basis Points Above

Basis Points- Basis Points Above

Greater Than Basis Points Above

TotalIndexed annuities(In millions)0.00%-1.50%$ $ $ $ $ 1.51%-2.50% Greater than 2.50% Total$ $ $ $ $ Fixed rate annuities0.00%-1.50%$ $ $ $ $ 1.51%-2.50% Greater than 2.50% Total$ $ $ $ $ Universal life0.00%-1.50%$ $ $ $ $ 1.51%-2.50% Greater than 2.50% Total$ $ $ $ $


	December 31, 2024
Range of guaranteed minimum crediting rate	At Guaranteed Minimum	Basis Point- Basis Points Above	Basis Points- Basis Points Above	Greater Than Basis Points Above	Total
Indexed annuities	(In millions)
0.00%-1.50%	$	$	$	$	$
1.51%-2.50%
Greater than 2.50%
Total	$	$	$	$	$

Fixed rate annuities
0.00%-1.50%	$	$	$	$	$
1.51%-2.50%
Greater than 2.50%
Total	$	$	$	$	$

Universal life
0.00%-1.50%	$	$	$	$	$
1.51%-2.50%
Greater than 2.50%
Total	$	$	$	$	$

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Note Q —

$ Beginning balance at original discount rate Effect of actual variances from expected experience ()Balance adjusted for variances from expectation Interest accrual Net premiums collected()()Ending balance at original discount rate Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions()()Balance, end of period$ $ Expected FPBBalance, beginning of year$ $ Beginning balance at original discount rate Effect of actual variances from expected experience Balance adjusted for variances from expectation Interest accrual Benefits payments()()Ending balance at original discount rate Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions()()Balance, end of period$ $ Net liability for future policy benefits$ $ Less: Reinsurance recoverable Net liability for future policy benefits, after reinsurance recoverable$ $ Weighted-average duration of liability for future policyholder benefits (years)

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$ Beginning balance at original discount rate Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions()() Effect of actual variances from expected experience()()Balance adjusted for variances from expectation Issuances Interest accrual Benefits payments()()Ending balance at original discount rate Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions()()Balance, end of period$ $ Net liability for future policy benefits, after reinsurance recoverable$ $ Weighted-average duration of liability for future policyholder benefits (years)

Immediate annuities

March 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

(Dollars in millions)

Balance, beginning of year

Beginning balance at original discount rate

Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions

Effect of actual variances from expected experience

()

Balance adjusted for variances from expectation

Issuances

Interest accrual

Benefits payments

()

Ending balance at original discount rate

Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions

()

Balance, end of period

Net liability for future policy benefits

Less: Reinsurance recoverable

Net liability for future policy benefits, after reinsurance recoverable

Weighted-average duration of liability for future policyholder benefits (years)

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$ $ $ Effect of modeling changes Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions () Effect of actual variances from expected experience Balance adjusted for variances from expectation Issuances Interest accrual Amortization() ()()Balance, end of period$ $ $ $ $ Immediate annuities PRT Immediate annuities DPL PRT DPL Total$ $ $ $ $ Expected future gross premiums Immediate annuitiesExpected future benefit payments$ $ $ $ Expected future gross premiums PRTExpected future benefit payments$ $ $ $ Expected future gross premiums $ $ $ Immediate annuities PRT Total$ $ $ $

(a) Included in Life insurance premiums and other fees on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

(b) Included in Benefits and other changes in policy reserves on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

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% %Current discount rate % %Immediate annuitiesInterest accretion rate % %Current discount rate % %PRTInterest accretion rate % %Current discount rate % % % % %Expected experience % % %LapsesActual experience % % %Expected experience % % %

December 31, 2024

Traditional life

Immediate annuities

PRT

Mortality

Actual experience

Expected experience

Lapses

Actual experience

Expected experience

%Term with return of premium Non-NY CohortReserves before NPR capping$ Term with return of premium Non-NY CohortReserves after NPR capping Term with return of premium Non-NY CohortLoss Expense Term with return of premium Non-NY Cohort2.5 $2.4 $2.1 $1.8

As of April 11, 2025, the MBA expects residential purchase transactions to increase in 2025, 2026, and 2027, and expects residential refinance transactions to increase in 2025 and 2026 but remain flat in 2027, and overall mortgage originations to increase in 2025, 2026, and 2027.

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Following a decline in inflation in 2024, the Federal Reserve reduced the benchmark rate to a range of 4.25% and 4.50% as of December 31, 2024. The Federal Reserve has held rates steady at the range of 4.25% and 4.50% in 2025. Average interest rates for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage were 6.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to 6.7% for the corresponding period in 2024.

A shortage in the supply of homes for sale, increasing home prices, high mortgage interest rates, disrupted labor markets and geopolitical uncertainties associated with international conflicts created some volatility in the residential real estate market in 2024 and the first quarter of 2025. Changes in United States trade policy, including tariffs, may create additional volatility in 2025. Existing-home sales decreased 2.4% in March 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024 while median existing-home sales prices increased to $403,700, or approximately 3%, from the corresponding period in 2024.

Other economic indicators used to measure the health of the U.S. economy, including the unemployment rate, have remained strong. The unemployment rate was 4.2% and 3.8% in March 2025 and 2024, respectively.

We issue commercial title insurance policies in sectors including office, industrial, energy, hospitality, retail, and multi-family, among others. The demand for commercial title insurance varies based on a variety of factors such as investor appetite, financing availability, and supply and demand in a particular area. Because commercial real estate transactions tend to be generally driven by supply and demand for commercial space in a particular area rather than by interest rate fluctuations, we believe that our commercial real estate title insurance business is less dependent on the industry cycles discussed above than our residential real estate title business. Factors including U.S. tax reform and a shift in U.S. monetary policy have had, or are expected to have, varying effects on availability of financing in the U.S. Lower corporate and individual tax rates and corporate tax-deductibility of capital expenditures have provided increased capacity and incentive for investments in commercial real estate. In recent years, we experienced fluctuating demand in commercial real estate markets. Commercial volumes and commercial fee-per-file increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024.

We continually monitor mortgage origination trends and believe that, based on our ability to produce industry leading operating margins through all economic cycles, we are well positioned to adjust our operations for adverse changes in real estate activity and to take advantage of increased volume when demand increases.

Seasonality. Historically, real estate transactions have produced seasonal revenue fluctuations in the real estate industry. The first calendar quarter is typically the weakest quarter in terms of revenue due to the generally low volume of home sales during January and February. The second and third calendar quarters are typically the strongest quarters in terms of revenue, primarily due to a higher volume of residential transactions in the spring and summer months. The fourth quarter is typically strong due to the desire of commercial entities to complete transactions by year-end. We have noted short-term fluctuations through recent years in resale and refinance transactions as a result of changes in interest rates.

F&G

The following factors represent some of the key trends and uncertainties that have influenced the development of our F&G segment and its historical financial performance, and we believe these key trends and uncertainties will continue to influence the business and financial performance of our F&G segment in the future.

Market Conditions

Market conditions can change rapidly with significant positive or negative impacts on our results. Volatility can pressure sales and reduce demand as consumers hesitate to make financial decisions. We anticipate various macroeconomic factors will continue to drive uncertainty and instability, which could have a significant impact on the Company during fiscal year 2025. These factors include, among others, consumer spending, business investment, government spending, the volatility and strength of the capital markets, investor and consumer confidence, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, inflation levels, changes in trade policy, tariffs and trade sanctions on goods, trade wars, United States-China relations and supply chain disruptions.

In light of increasing uncertainty in the markets we serve, we are unable to predict how long the current environment will last or the significance of the financial and operational impacts to us. To enhance the attractiveness and profitability of our products and services, we continually monitor the behavior of our customers, as evidenced by annuitization rates and lapse rates, which vary in response to changes in market conditions. See “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025, for further discussion of risk factors that could affect market conditions.

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Interest Rate Environment

Some of our F&G products include guaranteed minimum crediting rates, most notably our fixed rate annuities. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our reserves, net of reinsurance, and average crediting rate on our fixed rate annuities were both $6.0 billion and 5%. We are required to pay the guaranteed minimum crediting rates even if earnings on our investment portfolio decline, which would negatively impact earnings. In addition, we expect more policyholders to hold policies with comparatively high guaranteed rates for a longer period in a low interest rate environment. Conversely, a rise in average yield on our investment portfolio would increase earnings if the average interest rate we pay on our products does not rise correspondingly. Similarly, we expect that policyholders would be less likely to hold policies with existing guarantees as interest rates rise and the relative value of other new business offerings are increased, which would negatively impact our earnings and cash flows.

See Item 7A of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a more detailed discussion of interest rate risk.

Aging of the U.S. Population

We believe that the aging of the U.S. population will increase the demand for our indexed annuity and indexed universal life ("IUL") products. As the “baby boomer” generation prepares for retirement, we believe that demand for retirement savings, growth, and income products will grow. We serve a growing retirement population, with more than 10,000 Americans turning 65 every day and a projected 30% increase in people age 65 and older over the next 25 years. The impact of this growth may be offset to some extent by asset outflows as an increasing percentage of the population begins withdrawing assets to convert their savings into income.

Industry Factors and Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations

We operate in the sector of the insurance industry that focuses on the needs of middle-income Americans. The underserved middle-income market represents a major growth opportunity for us. As a tool for addressing the unmet need for retirement planning, we believe that many middle-income Americans have grown to appreciate the financial certainty that we believe annuities such as our indexed annuity products afford. For example, the fixed index annuity market grew from nearly $12 billion of sales in 2002 to $130 billion of sales in 2024 and the registered index-linked annuities ("RILA") market grew from $17 billion of sales in 2019 to $62 billion of sales in 2024. Additionally, this market demand has positively impacted the IUL market as it has expanded from $100 million of annual sales in 2002 to $2 billion of annual sales in 2024.

See Item 7 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a more detailed discussion of industry factors and trends affecting our Results of Operations.

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Results of Operations

Consolidated Results of Operations

Net Earnings. The following table presents certain financial data for the periods indicated:




	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Revenues:
Direct title insurance premiums	$	510	$	440
Agency title insurance premiums	681		593
Escrow, title-related and other fees	1,065		1,281

Interest and investment income	760		710
Recognized gains and losses, net	(287)		275
Total revenues	2,729		3,299
Expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves	524		1,161
Personnel costs	770		727
Agent commissions	528		460

Other operating expenses	377		369

Market risk benefit losses (gains)	109		(11)
Depreciation and amortization	196		167
Provision for title claim losses	54		46
Interest expense	60		49
Total expenses	2,618		2,968
Earnings before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	111		331
Income tax expense	29		63
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	1		1
Net earnings	$	83	$	269

Revenues

Total revenues decreased by $570 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the corresponding period in 2024.

Net earnings decreased by $186 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to corresponding period in 2024.

The change in revenue and net earnings from our reportable segments is discussed in further detail at the segment level below.

Expenses

Our operating expenses consist primarily of Personnel costs; Other operating expenses, which in our title business are incurred as orders are received and processed; Agent commissions, which are incurred as title agency revenue is recognized; and Benefits and other changes in policy reserves, which in our F&G segment are charged to earnings in the period they are earned by the policyholder based on their selected strategy. For traditional life and immediate annuities, policy benefit claims are charged to expense in the period that the claims are incurred, net of reinsurance recoveries. Title insurance premiums, escrow, and title-related fees are generally recognized as income at the time the underlying transaction closes or other service is provided. Direct title operations revenue often lags approximately 45-60 days behind expenses and therefore gross margins may fluctuate. The changes in the market environment, mix of business between direct and agency operations, and the contributions from our various business units have historically impacted margins and net earnings. We have implemented programs and have taken necessary actions to maintain expense levels consistent with revenue streams. However, a short-term lag exists in reducing controllable fixed costs and certain fixed costs are incurred regardless of revenue levels.

Personnel costs include base salaries, commissions, benefits, stock-based compensation, and bonuses paid to employees, and are one of our most significant operating expenses.

Agent commissions represent the portion of premiums retained by our third-party agents pursuant to the terms of their respective agency contracts.

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Benefit expenses for deferred annuity, indexed annuity and IUL policies include index credits and interest credited to contractholder account balances and benefit claims in excess of contract account balances, net of reinsurance recoveries. Other changes in policy reserves include the change in the fair value of the indexed annuity embedded derivative and the change in the reserve for secondary guarantee benefit payments. Other changes in policy reserves also include the change in reserves for life insurance products.

Other operating expenses consist primarily of facilities expenses, title plant maintenance, premium taxes (which insurance underwriters are required to pay on title premiums in lieu of franchise and other state taxes), appraisal fees and other cost of sales on ServiceLink product offerings and other title-related products, postage and courier services, computer services, professional services, travel expenses, general insurance, and bad debt expense on our trade and notes receivable.

The provision for title claim losses includes an estimate of anticipated title and title-related claims, and escrow losses.

The change in expenses attributable to our reportable segments is discussed in further detail at the segment level below.

Income tax expense was $29 million and $63 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Income tax expense as a percentage of earnings before income taxes was 26% and 19% in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in income tax expense as a percentage of earnings before taxes in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding periods in 2024 is primarily attributable to more valuation allowance being recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024.

The Company considers its non-U.S. earnings to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the U.S. to the extent these earnings are not subject to the U.S. income tax under an anti-deferral tax regime. Given our intent to reinvest these earnings for an indefinite period of time, the Company has not accrued a deferred tax liability on these earnings. A determination of an unrecognized deferred tax liability related to these earnings is not practicable.

Title

The following table presents the results from operations of our Title segment:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Revenues:	(In millions)
Direct title insurance premiums	$	510	$	440
Agency title insurance premiums	681		593
Escrow, title-related and other fees	525		484
Interest and investment income	83		83
Recognized gains and losses, net	(25)		63
Total revenues	1,774		1,663
Expenses:
Personnel costs	672		618
Agent commissions	528		460
Other operating expenses	313		285
Depreciation and amortization	36		36
Provision for title claim losses	54		46

Total expenses	1,603		1,445
Earnings before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	$	171	$	218

Orders opened by direct title operations (in thousands)	343		315
Orders closed by direct title operations (in thousands)	201		186
Fee per file (in dollars)	$	3,761	$	3,555

Total revenues for the Title segment increased by $111 million, or 7%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024.

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The following table presents the percentages of title insurance premiums generated by our direct and agency operations:


	Three months ended March 31,
			% of				% of
	2025		Total		2024		Total
	(Dollars in millions)
Title premiums from direct operations	$	510	43	%	$	440	43	%
Title premiums from agency operations	681		57		593		57
Total title premiums	$	1,191	100	%	$	1,033	100	%

Title premiums increased by $158 million, or 15%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. The increase was comprised of an increase in Title premiums from direct operations of $70 million, or 16%, and an increase in Title premiums from agency operations of $88 million, or 15%.

The following table presents the percentages of opened and closed title insurance orders generated by purchase and refinance transactions by our direct operations:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Opened title insurance orders from purchase transactions (1)	75	%	79	%
Opened title insurance orders from refinance transactions (1)	25		21
	100	%	100	%

Closed title insurance orders from purchase transactions (1)	75	%	79	%
Closed title insurance orders from refinance transactions (1)	25		21
	100	%	100	%

(1) Percentages exclude consideration of an immaterial number of non-purchase and non-refinance orders.

Title premiums from direct operations increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. The increase was attributable to an increase in the average fee per file and an increase in closed order volume.

We experienced an increase in closed title insurance order volumes from both purchase and refinance transactions in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. Total closed order volume was 201,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 186,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024. This represented an overall increase of 8% in the three months ended March 31, 2025, from the corresponding period in 2024. The increase was primarily attributable to higher housing inventory in the three months ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the corresponding period in 2024.

Total opened title insurance order volumes increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding periods in 2024.

The average fee per file in our direct operations was $3,761 in the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $3,555 three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in average fee per file in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024 is primarily attributable to home price appreciation. The fee per file tends to change as the mix of refinance and purchase transactions changes, because purchase transactions involve the issuance of both a lender’s policy and an owner’s policy, resulting in higher fees, whereas refinance transactions only require a lender’s policy, resulting in lower fees.

Title premiums from agency operations increased $88 million, or 15%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024.

Escrow, title-related and other fees increased by $41 million, or 8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. Escrow and title-related fees increased by $19 million, or 11%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. The increase in escrow and title-related fees in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024 are relatively consistent with the increase in direct premiums. Other fees, excluding escrow and title-related fees, increased by $22 million, or 7%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in Other fees, excluding escrow and title-related fees, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024 was attributable to various immaterial items.

Interest and investment income levels are primarily a function of securities markets, interest rates, and the amount of cash available for investment. There was no change in Interest and investment income in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024.

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Net recognized losses were $25 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025. Net recognized gains were $63 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The fluctuations in recognized gains and losses, net in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the corresponding period in 2024 are primarily attributable to fluctuations in non-cash valuation changes on our equity and preferred security holdings in addition to various other immaterial items.

Personnel costs include base salaries, commissions, benefits, stock-based compensation, and bonuses paid to employees, and are one of our most significant operating expenses. Personnel costs increased $54 million, or 9%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the corresponding period in 2024. The increase is due to inflationary salary increases and increased variable costs from a modest increase in revenues. Personnel costs as a percentage of total revenues from direct title premiums and escrow, title-related and other fees were 65% and 67% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Average employee count in the Title segment was 21,399 and 20,516 in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Other operating expenses increased by $28 million, or 10%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025, from the corresponding period in 2024. Other operating expenses as a percentage of total revenue excluding agency premiums, interest and investment income, and recognized gains and losses were 30% and 31% in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Agent commissions represent the portion of premiums retained by agents pursuant to the terms of their respective agency contracts. Agent commissions and the resulting percentage of agent premiums that we retain vary according to regional differences in real estate closing practices and state regulations.

The following table illustrates the relationship of agent premiums and agent commissions, which has remained relatively consistent since 2023:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		%		2024		%
	(Dollars in millions)
Agent premiums	$	681	100	%	$	593	100	%
Agent commissions	528		78	%	460		78	%
Net retained agent premiums	$	153	22	%	$	133	22	%

The claim loss provision for title insurance was $54 million and $46 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The provision reflects an average provision rate of 4.5% of title premiums in all periods. We continually monitor and evaluate our loss provision level, actual claims paid and the loss reserve position each quarter. This loss provision rate is set to provide for losses on current year policies, but due to development of prior years and our long claim duration, it periodically includes amounts of estimated adverse or positive development on prior years' policies.

F&G

Segment Overview

Through our majority-owned F&G subsidiary, we have five distribution channels across retail and institutional markets. Our three retail channels include agent-based Independent Marketing Organizations ("IMOs"), banks, and broker dealers. We have deep, long-tenured relationships with our network of leading IMOs and their agents to serve the needs of the middle-income market and develop competitive annuity and life products to align with their evolving needs. Upon FNF’s ownership and F&G’s subsequent rating upgrades in mid-2020, we launched into banks and broker dealers. Further, in 2021, we launched into two institutional markets to originate Funding Agreement Backed Notes ("FABN") and pension risk transfer ("PRT") transactions. The FABN Program offers funding agreements to institutional clients by means of capital markets transactions through investment banks. The funding agreements issued under the FABN Program are in addition to those issued to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta ("FHLB"). The PRT solutions business is supported by an experienced team, and we partner with brokers and institutional consultants for distribution. These markets leverage our existing team's spread-based capabilities as well as our strategic partnership with Blackstone ISG-I Advisors LLC (“Blackstone”).

In setting the features and pricing of our flagship indexed annuity products relative to our targeted net margin, we take into account our expectations regarding (1) the difference between the net investment income we earn and the sum of the interest credited to policyholders and the cost of hedging our risk on the policies; (2) fees, including surrender charges and rider fees, partly offset by vesting bonuses that we pay our policyholders; and (3) a number of related expenses, including benefits and changes in reserves, acquisition costs, and general and administrative expenses.

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Key Components of Our Historical Results of Operations

Through our insurance subsidiaries, we issue a broad portfolio of deferred annuities (indexed annuities and fixed rate annuities), IUL insurance, immediate annuities, funding agreements and PRT solutions. A deferred annuity is a type of contract that accumulates value on a tax deferred basis and typically begins making specified periodic or lump sum payments a certain number of years after the contract has been issued. IUL insurance is a complementary type of contract that accumulates value in a cash value account and provides a payment to designated beneficiaries upon the policyholder’s death. An immediate annuity is a type of contract that begins making specified payments within one annuity period (e.g., one month or one year) and typically makes payments of principal and interest earnings over a period of time. As defined by the Iowa Insurance Division, a funding agreement is an agreement for an insurer to accept and accumulate funds and to make one or more payments at future dates in amounts that are not based on mortality or morbidity contingencies of the person to whom the funding agreement is issued. In essence, funding agreement providers issue fixed maturity contracts with fixed or floating interest rates in exchange for a single upfront premium. Our PRT products are comparable to income annuities, as we generally receive a single, upfront premium in exchange for paying a guaranteed stream of future income payments, which are typically fixed in nature but may vary in duration based on participant mortality experience.

Under GAAP, premium collections for deferred annuities (indexed annuities and fixed rate annuities), immediate annuities and PRT without life contingency, and deposits received for funding agreements are reported in the financial statements as deposit liabilities (i.e., contractholder funds) instead of as sales or revenues. Similarly, cash payments to customers are reported as decreases in the liability for contractholder funds and not as expenses. Sources of revenues for products accounted for as deposit liabilities are net investment income, surrender charges, cost of insurance and other charges deducted from contractholder funds (i.e., amortization of URL), and net realized gains (losses) on investments. Components of expenses for products accounted for as deposit liabilities are interest-sensitive and index product benefits (primarily interest credited to account balances or the hedging cost of providing index credits to the policyholder), amortization of VOBA, DAC and DSI, and other operating costs and expenses.

F&G hedges certain portions of its exposure to product related equity market risk by entering into derivative transactions. We purchase derivatives consisting predominantly of equity options and, to a lesser degree, futures contracts (specifically for indexed annuity contracts) on the equity indices underlying the applicable policy. These derivatives are used to offset the reserve impact of the index credits due to policyholders under the indexed annuity and IUL contracts. The majority of all such equity options are one-year options purchased to match the funding requirements underlying the indexed annuity/IUL contracts. We attempt to manage the cost of these purchases through the terms of our indexed annuity/IUL contracts, which permit us to change caps, spread, or participation rates on each policy's annual anniversary, subject to certain guaranteed minimums that must be maintained. The equity options and futures contracts are marked to fair value with the change in fair value included as a component of net investment gains (losses). The change in fair value of the equity options and futures contracts includes the gains and losses recognized at the expiration of the instruments’ terms or upon early termination and the changes in fair value of open positions. In addition, to reduce market risks from interest rate changes on our earnings associated with our floating rate investments, during 2023, we began to execute pay-float and receive-fixed interest rate swaps.

Market risk benefits (“MRBs”) are contracts or contract features that both provide protection to the contract holder from other-than-nominal capital market risk (equity, interest and foreign exchange risk) and expose the Company to other-than-nominal capital market risk. MRBs (inclusive of reinsured MRBs) are measured at fair value using a risk neutral valuation method, which is based on current net amounts at risk, market data, internal and industry experience, and other factors. The change in fair value of MRBs generally reflects impacts from actual policyholder behavior (including surrenders of the benefit), changes in interest rates, and changes in equity market returns. Generally higher interest rates and equity returns result in gains whereas lower interest rates and equity returns result in losses. Reinsured MRBs are valued using a methodology consistent with direct MRBs, with the exception of the non-performance spread, which reflects the credit of the reinsurer.

Earnings from products accounted for as deposit liabilities are primarily generated from the excess of net investment income earned over the sum of interest credited to policyholders and the cost of hedging our risk on indexed annuity/IUL policies, which includes the expenses incurred to fund the index credit with respect to indexed annuities/IULs. Proceeds received upon expiration or early termination of equity options purchased to fund annual index credits are recorded as part of the change in fair value of derivatives and are largely offset by an expense for index credits earned on annuity contractholder fund balances.

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F&G Results of Operations

The results of operations of our F&G segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Revenues	(In millions)
Life insurance premiums and other fees	$	489	$	718
Interest and investment income	666		616
Owned distribution revenues	16		23
Recognized gains and (losses), net	(263)		212
Total revenues	908		1,569
Benefits and expenses
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves	524		1,161
Market risk benefit (gains) losses	109		(11)
Depreciation and amortization	153		123
Personnel costs	67		66
Other operating expenses	41		58
Interest expense	40		30

Total benefits and expenses	934		1,427

Earnings (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	$	(26)	$	142

Revenues

Life insurance premiums and other fees

Life insurance premiums and other fees primarily reflect premiums on life-contingent PRTs and traditional life insurance products, which are recognized as revenue when due from the policyholder, as well as policy rider fees primarily on indexed annuity policies, the cost of insurance on IUL policies, and surrender charges assessed against policy withdrawals in excess of the policyholder's allowable penalty-free amounts (up to 10% of the prior year's value, subject to certain limitations). The following table summarizes the Life insurance premiums and other fees, on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Life-contingent pension risk transfer premiums	$	311	$	584
Traditional life insurance and life-contingent immediate annuity premiums	10		12


Surrender charges	57		43
Policyholder fees and other income	111		79
Life insurance premiums and other fees	$	489	$	718

•Life-contingent pension risk transfer premiums decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, reflecting the timing of PRT transactions. As noted above, PRT premiums are subject to fluctuation period to period.

•Surrender charges increased for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting increases in withdrawals from policyholders with surrender charges and market value adjustments (“MVAs”), primarily on our indexed annuities policies. The increase in termination activity is primarily due to the higher interest rate environment.

•Policyholder fees and other income increased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting a reinsurance true-up adjustment, increased cost of insurance charges, net of changes in unearned revenue liabilities (“URL”) on IUL policies from growth in business and higher guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (“GMWB”) rider fees. GMWB rider fees are based on the policyholder's benefit base and are collected at the end of the policy year.

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Interest and investment income

Below is a summary of interest and investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale	$	549	$	516
Equity securities	5		6
Preferred securities	3		6
Mortgage loans	82		66
Invested cash and short-term investments	34		28
Limited partnerships	54		54
Other investments	2		10
Gross investment income	$	729	$	686
Investment expense	(63)		(70)
Interest and investment income	$	666	$	616

Interest and investment income is shown net of amounts attributable to certain funds withheld reinsurance agreements, which is passed along to the reinsurer in accordance with the terms of these agreements. Interest and investment income attributable to these agreements, and thus excluded from the totals in the table above, was $184 million and $127 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

Recognized gains and losses, net

Below is a summary of the major components included in recognized gains and losses, net for the three and three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities, equity securities and other invested assets	$	(16)	$	48
Change in allowance for expected credit losses	(22)		—
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on certain derivatives instruments	(184)		179
Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives	(41)		(18)
Change in fair value of other derivatives and embedded derivatives	—		3
Recognized gains and losses, net	$	(263)	$	212

Recognized gains and (losses), net is shown net of amounts attributable to certain funds withheld reinsurance agreements, which is passed along to the reinsurer in accordance with the terms of these agreements. Recognized gains and (losses) attributable to these agreements, and thus excluded from the totals in the table above, was $(42) million for the three month period ended March 31, 2025, and $(19) million for the three month period ended March 31, 2024, respectively.

•For the three months ended March 31, 2025, net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities, equity securities and other invested assets is primarily the result of mark-to-market losses on our equity securities.

•For the three months ended March 31, 2024, net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities, equity securities and other invested assets is primarily the result of unrealized fair value option (“FVO”) gains on owned distribution investments and preferred securities, partially offset by realized losses on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities and mark-to-market losses on our equity securities.

•The change in allowance for expected credit losses primarily relates to available for sale securities.

•For all periods, net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on certain derivative instruments primarily relate to the net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on equity options and futures used to hedge indexed annuity and IUL products, including gains on option and futures expiration and changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps. See the table below for primary drivers of gains (losses) on certain derivatives.

•The fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivative is based on the change in fair value of the underlying assets held in the funds withheld (“FWH”) portfolio.

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We utilize a combination of static (equity options) and dynamic (long futures contracts) instruments in our product hedging strategy. Equity options and futures contracts are generally based upon the performance of various equity indices, such as the S&P 500 Index, as well as other bond and gold market indices.

We utilize interest rate swaps to reduce market risks from interest rate changes on our earnings associated with our floating rate investments.

The components of the realized and unrealized gains (losses) on certain derivative instruments hedging our indexed annuities, universal life products and floating rate investments are summarized in the table below for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025			2024
	(In millions)
Equity options:
Realized gains (losses)	$	(20)		$	11
Change in unrealized (losses) gains	(214)			239
Futures contracts:
Gains (losses) on futures contracts expiration	(1)			7
Change in unrealized (losses) gains	6			(1)
Interest rate swap (losses) gains	49			(80)
Other derivative investments
Gains (losses) on other derivative investments	(4)			3
Total net change in fair value	$	(184)		$	179

Annual Point-to-Point Change in S&P 500 Index during the periods	6		%	28		%
Secured Overnight Financing Rates	4.41		%	5.34		%

•Realized gains and (losses) on certain derivative instruments are directly correlated to the performance of the indices upon which the equity options and futures contracts are based and the value of the derivatives at the time of expiration compared to the value at the time of purchase.

•The changes in unrealized gains (losses) due to the net changes in fair value of equity options and futures contracts are driven by the underlying performance of the indices, such as the S&P 500 Index, upon which the equity options and futures contracts are based during each respective period relative to the respective indices on the policyholder buy dates.

•The net change in fair value of the interest rate swaps was primarily driven by fluctuations in the interest rate index underlying the swap contracts.

The average index credits to policyholders are as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Average Crediting Rate	5	%	3	%
S&P 500 Index:
Point-to-point strategy	5	%	3	%
Monthly average strategy	4	%	3	%
Monthly point-to-point strategy	4	%	3	%
3 year high water mark	2	%	5	%

•Actual amounts credited to contractholder fund balances may differ from the index appreciation due to contractual features in the indexed annuity contracts and certain IUL contracts (caps, spreads and participation rates), which allow us to manage the cost of the options purchased to fund the annual index credits.

•The credits for the periods presented were based on comparing the S&P 500 Index on each issue date in the period to the same issue date in the respective prior year periods.

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Benefits and expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves

Below is a summary of the major components included in Benefits and other changes in policy reserves:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
PRT agreements	$	314	$	598
Indexed annuities/IUL market related liability movements	(240)		225
Index credits, interest credited and bonuses	438		327
Other changes in policy reserves	12		11
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves	$	524	$	1,161

•PRT agreements, primarily representing the change in reserves associated with PRT premiums during the periods, decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, reflecting the timing of PRT transactions. PRT transactions are subject to fluctuation period to period.

•The indexed annuities/IUL market related liability movements during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively, are mainly driven by changes in the equity markets, non-performance spreads, and risk free rates during the respective periods. The change in risk free rates and non-performance spreads increased (decreased) the direct indexed annuities market related liability by $47 million and $(84) million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The remaining changes in market value of the market related liability movements for all periods were primarily driven by equity market impacts. See “Revenues — Recognized gains and (losses), net” above for summary and discussion of net unrealized gains (losses) on certain derivative instruments.

•Annually, typically in the third quarter, F&G reviews assumptions associated with reserves for policy benefits and product guarantees.

◦During the three months ended March 31, 2025, based on experience, we reflected updates to the option budget assumption used to calculate the fair value of the embedded derivative component within contractholder funds. These changes resulted in decreases in total benefits and other changes in policy reserves of approximately $21 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

◦During the three months ended March 31, 2024, based on increases in interest rates and pricing changes, we updated certain indexed annuity assumptions used to calculate the fair value of the embedded derivative component within contractholder funds. These changes resulted in an increase in total benefits and other changes in policy reserves of $57 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

•Index credits, interest credited and bonuses for the three months ended March 31, 2025, were higher compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting higher index credits and interest credited on indexed annuities and other policies as a result of market movement during the respective periods and higher interest credited associated with the growth in PRT agreements.

Market Risk Benefit losses (gains)

Below is a summary of market risk benefit losses (gains):


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Market risk benefit losses (gains)	$	109	$	(11)

•Market risk benefit losses (gains) is primarily driven by issuances, attributed fees collected, effects of market related movements (including changes in equity markets and risk-free rates), actual policyholder behavior as compared with expected changes in assumptions during the periods. Market risk benefit losses (gains) are reported net of reinsurance, reflecting an amended reinsurance agreement effective July 1, 2024.

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•Changes in market risk benefit losses (gains) for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflect unfavorable market related movements and unfavorable actual policyholder behavior as compared to expected.

Depreciation and Amortization

Below is a summary of the major components included in depreciation and amortization:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Amortization of DAC, VOBA and DSI	$	134	$	107


Amortization of other intangible assets and fixed asset depreciation	19		16
Depreciation and amortization	$	153	$	123

•DAC, VOBA and DSI are amortized on a constant level basis for the grouped contracts over the expected term of the related contracts to approximate straight-line amortization. Amortization of DAC, VOBA and DSI increased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting increased DAC and DSI associated with the growth of the business. In addition, as a result of our annual actuarial assumption update process during the three months ended September 30, 2024, amortization rates on some DAC and DSI balances increased primarily for indexed annuities.

Personnel Costs and Other Operating Expenses

Below is a summary of personnel costs and other operating expenses:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(In millions)
Personnel costs	$	67	$	66
Other operating expenses	41		58
Total personnel costs and other operating expenses	$	108	$	124

•Personnel costs and other operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were lower compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting disciplined expense management, costs in line with sales volumes and growth in assets, along with continued investments in our operating platform.

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Investment Portfolio

The types of assets in which we may invest are influenced by various state laws, which prescribe qualified investment assets applicable to insurance companies. Within the parameters of these laws, we invest in assets giving consideration to four primary investment objectives: (i) maintain robust absolute returns; (ii) provide reliable yield and investment income; (iii) preserve capital; and (iv) provide liquidity to meet policyholder and other corporate obligations.

Our investment portfolio is designed to contribute stable earnings, excluding short term mark to market effects, and balance risk across diverse asset classes and is primarily invested in high quality fixed income securities.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of our investment portfolio was approximately $60 billion and $60 billion, respectively, and was divided among the following asset classes and sectors:


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Fair Value		Percent		Fair Value		Percent

Fixed maturity securities, available for sale:	(Dollars in millions)
United States Government full faith and credit	$	209	—	%	$	158	—	%
United States Government sponsored entities	94		—		95		—
United States municipalities, states and territories	1,370		2		1,346		2
Foreign Governments	224		—		186		—
Corporate securities:
Finance, insurance and real estate	9,038		15		8,611		14
Manufacturing, construction and mining	1,451		3		1,139		2
Utilities, energy and related sectors	3,137		5		2,971		5
Wholesale/retail trade	3,236		5		3,210		5
Services, media and other	4,638		8		4,547		8
Hybrid securities	512		1		581		1
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities	2,647		4		2,693		5
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	5,091		9		5,131		9
Asset-backed securities ("ABS") (a)	6,990		12		10,270		17
Collateral loan obligations and loan backed-private obligations ("CLO") (a)	9,272		15		5,379		9
Total fixed maturity available for sale securities	47,909		79		46,317		77
Equity securities (b)	354		1		415		1
Limited partnerships:
Private equity	1,947		3		1,830		3
Real assets	719		1		437		1
Credit	1,185		2		1,021		2
Limited partnerships	3,851		6		3,288		6
Commercial mortgage loans	2,534		4		2,404		4
Residential mortgage loans	3,338		6		2,916		5
Other (primarily derivatives, company owned life insurance and unconsolidated owned distribution investments)	1,680		3		1,753		3
Short term investments	549		1		2,410		4
Total investments	$	60,215	100	%	$	59,503	100	%
(a) Balances at March 31, 2025 reflect classifications consistent with the NAIC Principles Based Bond Definition Project effective January 1, 2025.
(b) Includes investment grade non-redeemable preferred stocks ($203 million and $222 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively).

Insurance statutes regulate the type of investments that our life insurance subsidiaries are permitted to make and limit the amount of funds that may be used for any one type of investment. In light of these statutes and regulations, and our business and investment strategy, we generally seek to invest in primarily high-grade fixed-income assets across a wide range of sectors, including Corporate securities, U.S. Government and government-sponsored agency securities, and Structured securities, among others.

The NAIC’s Securities Valuation Office ("SVO") is responsible for the day-to-day credit quality assessment and valuation of securities owned by state regulated insurance companies. Insurance companies report ownership of securities to the SVO when such securities are eligible for regulatory filings. The SVO conducts credit analysis on these securities for the purpose of assigning an NAIC designation or unit price. Typically, if a security has been rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization ("NRSRO"), the SVO utilizes that rating and assigns an NAIC designation based upon the NAIC published comparison of NRSRO ratings to NAIC designations.

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The NAIC determines ratings for non-agency residential mortgage backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage backed securities using modeling that estimates security level expected losses under a variety of economic scenarios. For such assets issued prior to January 1, 2013, an insurer’s amortized cost basis in applicable assets can impact the assigned rating. In the tables below, we present the rating of structured securities based on ratings from the NAIC rating methodologies described above (which in some cases do not correspond to rating agency designations). All NAIC designations (e.g., NAIC 1-6) are based on the NAIC methodologies.

The following table summarizes the credit quality by NRSRO rating, or NAIC designation equivalent, of our fixed income portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:


Fair Value				Fair Value Percent

31,258		$	29,174			63	%
	15,082				33
	1,538				3
	353				1
	68				—
	102				—
49,729		$	46,317			100	%

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Investment Concentrations

The tables below present the top ten structured security and industry categories of our fixed maturity and equity securities including the fair value and percent of total fixed maturity and equity securities fair value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.


	March 31, 2025
Top 10 Concentrations	Fair Value (In millions)		Percent of Total Fair Value
CLO	$	9,272	19	%
ABS other	6,990		14
Commercial mortgage backed securities	5,091		11
Diversified financial services	4,255		9
Whole loan collateralized mortgage obligation	2,616		5
Banking	2,005		4
Insurance	1,831		4
Municipal	1,370		3
Electric	1,274		3
Telecommunications	815		2
Total	$	35,519	74	%

	December 31, 2024
Top 10 Concentrations	Fair Value (In millions)		Percent of Total Fair Value
ABS other	$	10,270	22	%
CLO	5,379		11
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	5,131		11
Diversified financial services	4,271		9
Whole loan collateralized mortgage obligation	2,635		6
Banking	1,988		4
Insurance	1,761		4
Municipal	1,363		3
Electric	1,229		3
Pharmaceuticals	738		1
Total	$	34,765	74	%

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity AFS securities by contractual maturities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.


	March 31, 2025
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Corporate, Non-structured Hybrids, Municipal and Government securities:	(In millions)
Due in one year or less	$	603	$	603
Due after one year through five years	4,117		4,103
Due after five years through ten years	5,124		5,011
Due after ten years	16,713		14,098
Subtotal	$	26,557	$	23,815
Other securities, which provide for periodic payments:
Asset-backed securities	$	16,429	$	16,262

Commercial-mortgage-backed securities	5,260		5,091

Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,780		2,741
Subtotal	$	24,469	$	24,094
Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities	$	51,026	$	47,909

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Non-Agency RMBS Exposure

Our investment in non-agency RMBS securities is predicated on the conservative and adequate cushion between purchase price and NAIC 1 rating, general lack of sensitivity to interest rates, positive convexity to prepayment rates and correlation between the price of the securities and the unfolding recovery of the housing market.

The fair value of our investments in subprime securities and Alt-A RMBS securities were $5 million and $44 million as of March 31, 2025, respectively, and $29 million and $44 million as of December 31, 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately 92% and 93%, respectively, of the subprime and Alt-A RMBS exposures were rated NAIC 2 or higher.

ABS and CLO Exposures

Our ABS exposures are largely diversified by underlying collateral and issuer type. Our CLO exposures are generally senior tranches of CLOs, which have leveraged loans as their underlying collateral.

As of March 31, 2025, the CLO and ABS positions were trading at a net unrealized gain of $55 million and a net unrealized loss of $207 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the CLO and ABS positions were trading at a net unrealized gain of $92 million and a net unrealized loss of $207 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the credit quality by NRSRO rating, or NAIC designation equivalent, of our AFS ABS portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Balances as of March 31, 2025 reflect classifications consistent with the NAIC Principles Based Bond Definition Project effective January 1, 2025.


		March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
		Fair Value		Percent		Fair Value		Percent
NRSRO Rating	NAIC Designation	(Dollars in millions)
AAA/AA/A	1	$	5,227	75	%	$	7,963	78	%
BBB	2	1,513		21		1,633		16
BB	3	187		3		445		4
B	4	7		—		183		2
CCC	5	7		—		8		—
CC and lower	6	49		1		38		—
Total		$	6,990	100%		$	10,270	100%

The following table summarizes the credit quality by NRSRO rating, or NAIC designation equivalent, of our AFS CLO portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Balances as of March 31, 2025 reflect classifications consistent with the NAIC Principles Based Bond Definition Project effective January 1, 2025.


		March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
		Fair Value		Percent	Fair Value		Percent
NRSRO Rating	NAIC Designation	(Dollars in millions)
AAA/AA/A	1	$	6,673	72%	$	3,411	63%
BBB	2	1,600		17	1,396		26
BB	3	800		9	524		10
B	4	162		2	10		—
CCC	5	—		—	—		—
CC and lower	6	37		—	38		1
Total		$	9,272	100%	$	5,379	100%

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Municipal Bond Exposure

The following table summarizes our municipal bond exposure as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(Dollars in millions)
General obligation bonds	$	245	$	207	$	247	$	205
Special revenue bonds	1,330		1,149		1,329		1,128
Certificate participations	16		14		16		13
Total	$	1,591	$	1,370	$	1,592	$	1,346

Across all municipal bonds, the largest issuer represented 5% of the category and less than 1% of the total portfolio for both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and is rated NAIC 1 as of March 31, 2025. Our focus within municipal bonds is on NAIC 1 rated instruments, with 98% and 97% of our municipal bond exposure rated NAIC 1 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Mortgage Loans

Commercial Mortgage Loans

We diversify our commercial mortgage loans ("CMLs") portfolio by geographic region and property type to attempt to reduce concentration risk. We continuously evaluate CMLs based on relevant current information to ensure properties are performing at a level to secure the related debt. Loan-to value ("LTV") and debt-service coverage ("DSC") ratios are utilized to assess the risk and quality of CMLs. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our mortgage loans on real estate portfolio had a weighted average DSC ratio of 2.3 times, and a weighted average LTV ratio of 56% and 55%, respectively.

We consider a CML delinquent when a loan payment is greater than 30 days past due. For mortgage loans that are determined to require foreclosure, the carrying value is reduced to the fair value of the underlying collateral, net of estimated costs to obtain and sell at the point of foreclosure. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had one CML that was delinquent in principal or interest payments. We had no CMLs in the process of foreclosure as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. See Note D Investments to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for additional information on our CMLs, including our distribution by property type, geographic region, LTV, and DSC ratios.

Residential Mortgage Loans

F&G's residential mortgage loans ("RMLs") are closed end, amortizing loans, and 100% of the properties are in the United States. F&G diversifies its RML portfolio by state to attempt to reduce concentration risk. RMLs have a primary credit quality indicator of either a performing or non-performing loan. F&G defines non-performing RMLs as those that are 90 or more days past due and/or in non-accrual status.

Loans are placed on non-accrual status when they are over 90 days delinquent. If a loan becomes over 90 days delinquent, it is our general policy to initiate foreclosure proceedings unless a workout arrangement to bring the loan current can be put in place. See Note D Investments to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information on our RMLs.

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Unrealized Losses

The amortized cost and fair value of the fixed maturity securities and the equity securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were as follows:


	March 31, 2025
	Number of Securities	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale:	(Dollars in millions)
United States Government full faith and credit	10	$	17	$	—	$	(1)	$	16
United States Government sponsored agencies	51	24		—		(2)		22
United States municipalities, states and territories	164	1,390		—		(226)		1,164
Foreign Governments	42	218		—		(42)		176
Corporate securities:
Finance, insurance and real estate	705	6,056		(14)		(640)		5,402
Manufacturing, construction and mining	146	1,287		—		(148)		1,139
Utilities, energy and related sectors	443	2,821		—		(513)		2,308
Wholesale/retail trade	483	2,867		—		(463)		2,404
Services, media and other	591	4,322		—		(827)		3,495
Hybrid securities	35	435		—		(28)		407
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities	251	1,005		(1)		(77)		927
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	326	2,435		(49)		(170)		2,216
Asset-backed securities	726	8,352		(13)		(326)		8,013
Total fixed maturity available for sale securities	3,973	31,229		(77)		(3,463)		27,689
Equity securities	25	305		—		(82)		223
Total investments	3,998	$	31,534	$	(77)	$	(3,545)	$	27,912

	December 31, 2024
	Number of Securities	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale:	(Dollars in millions)
United States Government full faith and credit	29	$	106	$	—	$	(3)	$	103
United States Government sponsored agencies	64	92		—		(4)		88
United States municipalities, states and territories	176	1,476		—		(249)		1,227
Foreign Governments	43	224		—		(45)		179
Corporate securities:
Finance, insurance and real estate	840	6,596		—		(728)		5,868
Manufacturing, construction and mining	156	1,173		—		(161)		1,012
Utilities, energy and related sectors	477	3,000		—		(542)		2,458
Wholesale/retail trade	523	3,111		—		(497)		2,614
Services, media and other	640	4,679		—		(874)		3,805
Hybrid securities	31	515		—		(29)		486
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities	314	1,370		—		(101)		1,269
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	344	2,552		(41)		(200)		2,311
Asset-backed securities	355	4,148		(11)		(317)		3,820
Total fixed maturity available for sale securities	3,992	29,042		(52)		(3,750)		25,240
Equity securities	31	363		—		(87)		276
Total investments	4,023	$	29,405	$	(52)	$	(3,837)	$	25,516

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The gross unrealized loss position on the fixed maturity available-for-sale fixed and equity portfolio was $3,545 million and $3,837 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Most components of the portfolio exhibited price appreciation caused primarily by lower treasury rates. The total amortized cost of all securities in an unrealized loss position was $31,534 million and $29,405 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The average market value/book value of the investment category with the largest unrealized loss position was 81% for services, media and other for both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. In the aggregate, services, media and other represented 23% of the total unrealized loss position for both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity available for sale securities under watch list analysis and the number of months in a loss position with investment grade securities (NRSRO rating of BBB/Baa or higher) as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were as follows:


	March 31, 2025
	Number of Securities	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Allowance for Credit Loss		Gross Unrealized Losses
Investment grade:	(Dollars in millions)
Less than six months	6	$	18	$	17	$	—	$	(1)
Six months or more and less than twelve months	2	11		10		—		(1)
Twelve months or greater	95	1,236		811		—		(425)
Total investment grade	103	1,265		838		—		(427)

Below investment grade:
Less than six months	—	—		—		—		—
Six months or more and less than twelve months	—	—		—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	7	112		75		(14)		(23)
Total below investment grade	7	112		75		(14)		(23)
Total	110	$	1,377	$	913	$	(14)	$	(450)

	December 31, 2024
	Number of Securities	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Allowance for Credit Loss		Gross Unrealized Losses
Investment grade:	(Dollars in Millions)
Less than six months	8	$	54	$	52	$	—	$	(2)
Six months or more and less than twelve months	—	—		—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	107	1,443		959		—		(484)
Total investment grade	115	1,497		1,011		—		(486)

Below investment grade:
Less than six months	—	—		—		—		—
Six months or more and less than twelve months	—	—		—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	5	82		51		—		(31)
Total below investment grade	5	82		51		—		(31)
Total	120	$	1,579	$	1,062	$	—	$	(517)

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Expected Credit Losses and Watch List

F&G prepares a watch list to identify securities to evaluate for expected credit losses. Factors used in preparing the watch list include fair values relative to amortized cost, ratings and negative ratings actions and other factors. Detailed analysis is performed for each security on the watch list to further assess the presence of credit impairment loss indicators and, where present, calculate an allowance for expected credit loss or direct write-down of a security’s amortized cost.

The watch list excludes structured securities as we have separate processes to evaluate the credit quality on the structured securities.

There were 72 and 45 structured securities with a fair value of $241 million and $146 million to which we had potential credit exposure as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Our analysis of these structured securities, which included cash flow testing, resulted in allowances for expected credit losses of $66 million and $62 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Exposure to Sovereign Debt and Certain Other Exposures

Our investment portfolio had an immaterial amount of direct exposure to European sovereign debt as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. We have no exposure to investments in Russia or Ukraine and de minimis investments in peripheral countries in the region.

Interest and Investment Income

For discussion regarding our interest and investment income and recognized gains and (losses), net refer to Note D Investments to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

AFS Securities

For additional information regarding our AFS securities, including the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains (losses), and fair value as well as the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity AFS securities by contractual maturities, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, refer to Note D Investments to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Concentrations of Financial Instruments

For certain information regarding our concentrations of financial instruments, refer to Note D Investments to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Derivatives

We are exposed to credit loss in the event of non-performance by our counterparties on derivative instruments. We attempt to reduce this credit risk by purchasing such derivative instruments from large, well-established financial institutions.

We also hold cash and cash equivalents received from counterparties for derivative instrument collateral, as well as U.S. Government securities pledged as derivative instrument collateral, if our counterparty’s net exposures exceed pre-determined thresholds.

We are required to pay counterparties the effective federal funds rate each day for cash collateral posted to F&G for daily mark to market margin changes. We reduce the negative interest cost associated with cash collateral posted from counterparties under various ISDA agreements by reinvesting derivative cash collateral. This program permits collateral cash received to be invested in short term Treasury securities, bank deposits and commercial paper rated A1/P1, which are included in Cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

See Note E Derivative Financial Instruments to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding our derivatives and our exposure to credit loss on derivatives.

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Corporate and Other

The Corporate and Other segment consists of the operations of the parent holding company and our real estate technology subsidiaries. This segment also includes certain other unallocated corporate overhead expenses and eliminations of revenues and expenses between it and our Title segment.

The following table presents the results of operations of our Corporate and Other segment:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Revenues:	(In millions)


Escrow, title-related and other fees	$	35	$	56
Interest and investment income	39		38
Recognized gains and losses, net	1		—
Total revenues	75		94
Expenses:
Personnel costs	31		43

Other operating expenses	23		26
Depreciation and amortization	7		8

Interest expense	20		19
Total expenses	81		96
Loss from continuing operations, before income taxes and equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	$	(6)	$	(2)

The revenue in the Corporate and Other segment represents revenue generated by our non-title real estate technology subsidiaries as well as mark-to-market valuation changes on certain corporate deferred compensation plans.

Total revenues in the Corporate and Other segment decreased $19 million, or 20%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. The decrease in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024 is primarily attributable to a decrease in valuations associated with our deferred compensation plan assets of $1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to an increase in valuations associated with our deferred compensation plan assets of $17 million in the corresponding period in 2024.

Personnel costs in the Corporate and Other segment decreased $12 million, or 28%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025, from the corresponding period in 2024. The decrease in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024 is primarily attributable to the aforementioned decrease in valuations associated with our deferred compensation plan assets of $18 million, which decreased both revenue and personnel costs.

Other operating expenses in the Corporate and Other segment decreased $3 million, or 12%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024. The decrease in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024 is attributable to various immaterial items.

Interest expense in the Corporate and Other segment increased $1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 from the corresponding period in 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Requirements. Our current cash requirements include personnel costs, operating expenses, claim payments, taxes, payments of interest and principal on our debt, capital expenditures, business acquisitions, stock repurchases, and dividends on our common stock. We paid dividends of $0.50 per share in the first quarter of 2025, or approximately $136 million to our common shareholders. On May 7, 2025, our Board of Directors declared cash dividends of $0.50 per share, payable on June 30, 2025, to FNF common shareholders of record as of June 16, 2025. There are no restrictions on our retained earnings regarding our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders, although there are limits on the ability of certain subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, as described below. The declaration of any future dividends is at the discretion of our Board of Directors.

As of March 31, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of $4,484 million, short term investments of $1,161 million, available capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility of $800 million, and available capacity under the Amended F&G Credit agreement of $385 million. On January 13, 2025, F&G completed its public offering of its 7.30% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2065 with an aggregate principal amount of $375 million (the "7.30% F&G Notes"). F&G used the net proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes, including the repurchase, redemption or repayment at maturity of outstanding indebtedness. On February 1, 2025, F&G redeemed the outstanding $300 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.50% Senior Notes due May 1, 2025 (the "5.50% F&G Senior Notes"). The notes were redeemed for a redemption price equal to

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100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. On March 24, 2025, F&G completed a public offering of 8,000,000 shares of F&G common stock, par value $0.001 per share. In connection with the offering, F&G entered into an underwriting agreement, pursuant to which F&G granted the underwriters of the offering a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 1,200,000 shares of F&G common stock. Pursuant to the underwriting agreement, the underwriters agreed to resell to FNF 4,500,000 shares of F&G common stock at the same price per share paid by the underwriters. F&G intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including the support of organic growth opportunities.

We continually assess our capital allocation strategy, including decisions relating to the amount of our dividend, reducing debt, repurchasing our stock, investing in growth of our subsidiaries, making acquisitions, and/or conserving cash. We believe that all anticipated cash requirements for current operations will be met from internally generated funds, through cash dividends from subsidiaries, cash generated by investment securities, potential sales of non-strategic assets, potential issuances of additional debt or equity securities, and borrowings on our Revolving Credit Facility. Our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements are monitored regularly to ensure that we can meet our cash requirements. We forecast the needs of all of our subsidiaries and periodically review their short-term and long-term projected sources and uses of funds, as well as the asset, liability, investment, and cash flow assumptions underlying such forecasts.

Our insurance subsidiaries generate cash from premiums earned and their respective investment portfolios, and these funds are adequate to satisfy the payments of claims and other liabilities. Due to the magnitude of our investment portfolio in relation to our title claim loss reserves, we do not specifically match durations of our investments to the cash outflows required to pay claims, but do manage outflows on a shorter time frame.

Our two significant sources of internally generated funds are dividends and other payments from our subsidiaries. As a holding company, we receive cash from our subsidiaries in the form of dividends and as reimbursement for operating and other administrative expenses we incur. The reimbursements are paid within the guidelines of management agreements among us and our subsidiaries. Our insurance subsidiaries are restricted by state regulation in their ability to pay dividends and make distributions. Each applicable state of domicile regulates the extent to which our title underwriters can pay dividends or make other distributions. As of December 31, 2024, $1,141 million of our net assets were restricted from dividend payments without prior approval from the relevant departments of insurance. We anticipate that our title insurance subsidiaries will pay or make dividends in the remainder of 2025 of approximately $375 million. Our underwritten title companies and non-insurance subsidiaries are not regulated to the same extent as our insurance subsidiaries.

The maximum dividend permitted by law is not necessarily indicative of an insurer’s actual ability to pay dividends, which may be constrained by business and regulatory considerations, such as the impact of dividends on surplus, which could affect an insurer’s ratings or competitive position, the amount of premiums that can be written, and the ability to pay future dividends. Further, depending on business and regulatory conditions, we may in the future need to retain cash in our underwriters or even contribute cash to one or more of them in order to maintain their ratings or their statutory capital position. Such a requirement could be the result of investment losses, reserve charges, adverse operating conditions in the current economic environment, or changes in statutory accounting requirements by regulators.

Cash flow from our operations will be used for general corporate purposes including to reinvest in operations, repay debt, pay dividends, repurchase stock, pursue other strategic initiatives, and/or conserve cash.

Operating Cash Flow. Our cash flows provided by operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 totaled $1,115 million and $1,591 million, respectively. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities in the 2025 period of $476 million is primarily attributable to net cash outflows associated with the change in derivative collateral liabilities of $135 million in the 2025 period as compared to net cash inflows of $151 million in the 2024 period, decreased net cash inflows associated with the change in future policy benefits of $295 million and decreased net cash inflows associated with the change in funds withheld by reinsurers of $292 million, partially offset decreased net cash outflows associated with the changes in other assets and other liabilities of $247 million.

Investing Cash Flows. Our cash flows used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were $785 million and $1,096 million, respectively. The decrease in cash used in investing activities in the 2025 period of $311 million was primarily attributable to increased cash inflows from proceeds from sales, calls and maturities of investment securities of $1,288 million, increased net cash inflows associated with net proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investment securities of $417 million and decreased net cash outflows associated with acquisitions of $284 million, partially offset by increased cash outflows associated with the purchases of investment securities of $1,309 million and increased cash outflows associated with additional investments in unconsolidated affiliates of $393 million.

Capital Expenditures. Total capital expenditures for property and equipment and capitalized software were $37 million and $35 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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Financing Cash Flows. Our cash flows provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were $675 million and $255 million, respectively. The increase in cash provided by financing activities in the 2025 period of $420 million was primarily attributable to cash inflows associated with the public offering of the 7.30% F&G Notes of $375 million in the 2025 period, increased cash inflows associated with the change in contractholder account deposits of $860 million, net cash inflows associated with the change in secured trust deposits of $77 million in 2025 as compared to net cash outflows of $38 million in 2024 and cash inflows associated with F&G's common stock issuance of $117 million in 2025, partially offset by cash outflows associated with the change in contractholder account withdrawals of $711 million and cash outflows associated with the redemption of the 5.50% F&G Senior notes of $300 million in 2025.

Financing Arrangements. For a description of our financing arrangements see Note G Notes Payable included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Capital Stock Transactions. On August 3, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a three-year repurchase program (the "2021 Repurchase Program") under which we were authorized to purchase up to 25 million shares of our FNF common stock through July 31, 2024. Since the commencement of the 2021 Repurchase Program, we repurchased a total of 16,449,565 FNF common shares for approximately $701 million, at an average price of $42.60 per share. On July 31, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a new three-year stock repurchase program effective July 31, 2024 (the "2024 Repurchase Program") under which we are authorized to purchase up to 25 million shares of our FNF common stock through July 31, 2027. We repurchased 390,000 shares of FNF common stock under the 2024 Repurchase Program during the three months ended March 31, 2025 for approximately $25 million, at an average price of $63.42. Subsequent to March 31, 2025 and through market close on May 8, 2025, we repurchased a total of 60,000 shares for approximately $4 million, at an average price of $64.31 under this program.

Equity and Preferred Security Investments. Our equity and preferred security investments may be subject to significant volatility. Currently prevailing accounting standards require us to record the change in fair value of equity and preferred security investments held as of any given period end within earnings. Our results of operations in future periods are anticipated to be subject to such volatility.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. Other than our unfunded investment commitments discussed below, there have been no significant changes to our off-balance sheet arrangements since our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

We have unfunded investment commitments as of March 31, 2025 based upon the timing of when investments are executed compared to when the actual investments are funded, as some investments require that funding occur over a period of months or years. Please refer to Note F Commitments and Contingencies to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional details on unfunded investment commitments.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

There have been no material changes in the market risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is: (a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms; and (b) accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See discussion of legal proceedings in Note F Commitments and Contingencies to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated by reference into this Item 1 of Part II.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the "Risk Factors" disclosed under "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

There have been no material changes as of the date of this report to the risk factors disclosed in “Item IA. Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table summarizes repurchases of equity securities by FNF during the three months ended March 31, 2025:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)

1/1/2025 - 1/31/2025	—	$	—	—	25,000,000
2/1/2025 - 2/28/2025	75,000	61.71		75,000	24,925,000
3/1/2025 - 3/31/2025	315,000	63.83		315,000	24,610,000
Total	390,000	$	63.42	390,000

(1) On July 31, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a three-year stock repurchase program effective July 31, 2024, under which we are authorized to purchase up to 25 million shares of our FNF common stock through July 31, 2027.

(2) As of the last day of the applicable month.

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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, no director or officer of the Company or a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits

(a) Exhibits:


4.1						Indenture, between F&G, and Citibank, N.A., as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on January 13, 2025).

4.2						Form of First Supplemental Indenture relating to the 7.300% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2065, between F&G Annuities and Life, Inc. and Citibank, N.A., as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.2 on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on January 13, 2025).

4.3						Form of 7.300% Junior Subordinated Note due 2065 (included in Exhibit 4.2 and incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.3 on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on January 13, 2025).

31.1**						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2**						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1***						Certification by Chief Executive Officer of Periodic Financial Reports pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

32.2***						Certification by Chief Financial Officer of Periodic Financial Reports pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

101.INS*						Inline XBRL Instance Document*

101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.


* The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.

** Filed herewith.

***Furnished, not filed.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date:

May 8, 2025

FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC.

(registrant)

By:

/s/ Anthony J. Park

Anthony J. Park

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Fidelity National Financial, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2025 March (Form 10-Q)

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