FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. - Annual Report: 2018 (Form 10-K)

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒     ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018

or

☐     TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 333-193087

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (702) 724-2646

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

None

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act Yes ☐    No ☒ 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒   No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒   No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to this From 10-K. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐   No ☒ 

As of March 8, 2019, the date immediately preceding the filing of this Annual Report, the aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing price of the thinly-traded Over-The-Counter QB of $7.40 per share, at which the common equity was sold, was $302,733,238.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding as of March 8, 2019, 2019: 40,907,010.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are projections of events, revenues, income, future economic performance or management’s plans and objectives for our future operations. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may”, “should”, “expects”, “plans”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “predicts”, “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and the risks set out below, any of which may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks include, by way of example and not in limitation:

This list is not an exhaustive list of the factors that may affect any of our forward-looking statements. These and other factors should be considered carefully and readers should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based on management’s beliefs, estimates and opinions on the date the statements are made and we undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.

Our financial statements are stated in United States dollars (US$) and are prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. All references to “common stock” refer to the common shares in our capital stock.

As used in this annual report, the terms “we”, “us”, “our”, the “Company” and “Focus Universal” mean Focus Universal Inc. unless otherwise indicated.

PART I

Item 1. BUSINESS

Company Background.

Focus Universal Inc. (the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a Nevada corporation that is a provider of handheld sensor devices and wholesaler of various air filters.

We are based in the City of Ontario, California, and were incorporated in Nevada in 2012. In December 2013, we filed an S-1 registration statement that went effective on March 14, 2014. Since then our securities have been trading in the OTCQB Market.

Our website is www.focusuniversal.com. Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Focus Universal Inc. is a universal smart instrumentation platform developer, developer of instrument sensors, and creator of a universal smart device called the Ubiquitor universal smart instrument (the “Ubiquitor”). We are also a wholesaler of various air filtration systems, though filtration system wholesaling is no longer our primary focus. We are currently in the process of researching, developing, and assembling a universal smart instrument device and working on specializing in the development and commercialization of such universal smart technology and instruments. We define universal smart technology as commercial technology with an integrated platform, which provides a unique and universal solution for test and measurement made up of off-the-shelf parts. We are working on developing a universal sensor node and gateway system that uses the data processing capabilities of a smartphone to display readings of multiple probe modules. 

Our universal smart instrumentation technology features a Universal Smart Instrumentation Platform (“USIP”) generalizes instruments into a reusable foundation representing a majority part of the instruments, and architecture-specific components (sensor modules), which together replaces the functions of traditional instruments at a fraction of their cost. The USIP has an open architecture incorporating a variety of individual instrument functions, sensors and probes from different industries and vendors. The platform features the ability to connect thousands of sensors or probes. This technology addresses major limitations with traditional hardware and represents another technological advancement in the Internet of Things marketplace. We call this device the “Ubiquitor” because it can be used to wirelessly measure and test a variety of electrical and physical phenomena such as voltage, current, temperature, pressure, sound, light, and humidity.

The Ubiquitor, which we have created and assembled in limited quantities, utilizes a standard desktop computer with Mac OS, Windows OS, an Android-based or iOS-based smartphone, or mobile tablet device as a platform that communicates with a group of sensors or probes manufactured by different vendors in a manner that requires the user to have little or no knowledge of their unique characteristics. The data readout is displayed on the computer, smartphone, or tablet display in a program or application we have created for Windows PC and are creating for MacOS. We are designing the application software (the “App”) to have a graphical representation of control and indicator elements common in real instruments such as knobs, buttons, dials, and graphs, etc. Our developers are designing and implementing a soft control touch screen interface which supports real-time data monitoring and facilitates instrument control and operation.

On December 29, 2014, Xu Tang and Desheng Wang, two non-affiliates, acquired over 90% equity of the Company. That same date, the current officers and directors, Ms. Tatyana Popova resigned as Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company and Ms. Elena Ignatenko resigned as Treasurer, Secretary, Chief Financial Officer, principal accounting officer, and principal financial officer of the Company. Upon such resignations, Desheng Wang was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer and Secretary of the Company, Xu Tang was appointed as the President of the Company, Yan Chen was appointed as the Senior Vice President. Messrs. Wang, Tang, and Chen accepted such appointments.

On October 21, 2015, Xu Tang entered into a stock purchase agreement whereby Mr. Tang collectively sold 3,260,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to eight unrelated persons using private funds to purchase the shares. This represented at the time 49.5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock and represented a material change in control of the Company’s ownership.

Effective as of October 21, 2015, Dr. Jennifer Gu and Dr. Edward Lee were appointed as directors of the Company, and Dr. Gu and Dr. Lee accepted such appointments. Thereupon, each of Xu Tang and Yan Chen resigned as directors of the Company. After such resignation, the Board of Directors consisted of Dr. Desheng Wang, Dr. Jennifer Gu and Dr. Edward Lee.

On December 2015, through a reverse triangular merger with Perfecular Inc., a company owned and controlled by our controlling shareholder, Desheng Wang, where we issued shares of our Company’s common stock in exchange for 100% of the outstanding shares of Perfecular, Inc., we strategically expanded our services to the assembly and marketing of high-tech electronic devices. Since then, we sell handheld sensor systems and filters to distribution platforms and are working on developing the Ubiquitor and an accompanying mobile application.

Until March 31, 2016, we offered a full range of web services, including web marketing services, social and viral marketing campaigns, search engine optimization consulting, and web analytics implementation. We generated our revenue from providing these services to small and medium sized businesses. We focused on providing one-off services, such as development of a fully functioning website or creation of a marketing strategy plan, to small business clients. Since then we have ceased pursuing these activities.

On April 24, 2017 we leased 2,800 square feet at 201511 East Walnut Drive North, Walnut, California. This lease will extend through April 30, 2019 and we pay $3,500 per month. We have subleased the space under this lease for the same amount.

The Company purchased a assembling and manufacturing warehouse and office space addressed at 2311 E. Locust St, Ontario, CA, 91761 where we will assemble our Ubiquitor devices. The property consists of an industrial type, two-story building, with a total building area of 30,740 square feet. 10,000 square feet will be utilized for office space; and 20,000 square feet for warehouse space that will require particularized custom fixtures that we will need to install. The property includes 58 parking spaces. The purchase price for the property was approximately $4.62 million dollars.

Duncan Lee was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company on April 2, 2018.

We announced the appointment of new board members, the majority of whom were independent, appointing: Sheri Lofgren, Sean Warren, Michael Pope, and Carine Clark as new board members of the Company on June 8, 2018. On or around that date we formed our Audit, Compensation and Nominating Committees.

On July 26, 2018, our Board of Directors approved the filing of a listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market and we have applied in compliance with the NASDAQ rules and regulations to list and trade our Company’s securities on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

On November 28, 2018, Sean Warren resigned as a member of the Board of Directors and Greg Butterfield was appointed in his place. On December 1, 2018, Mr. Warren became a part-time consultant to the Company.

Recent Developments

Intellectual Property Applications

Pursuant to recent research and development efforts, we recently received an issue notification from the USPTO for an application filed on June 2, 2017 that is a process for improving a spectral response curve of a photo sensor. The small and cost-effective multicolor sensor and its related software protected by the potential patent we believe could achieve a spectral response that approximates an ideal photo response to measure optical measurement. The patent was issued on February 26, 2019.

In addition, we have been awarded a notice of allowance for a patent from the USPTO for a patent application we filed on March 12, 2018 as application No. 15/925,400. The patent title is a “Universal Smart Device” which is a universal smart instrument that unifies heterogeneous measurement probes into a single device that can analyze, publish, and share the data analyzed. The issue fee must be paid no later than May 12, 2019.

Our current products and services include:

Scientific Instrument Research, Development and Sales

Industry Background and Overview.

Universal Smart Technologies

Through our acquisition of Perfecular Inc., we entered into the scientific instrument industry, specifically the instrument sensor industry. Instrument sensors are devices specifically designed and constructed for sensing and measuring physical variables that are useful in: (i) industrial operations; (ii) environmental, commercial and medical applications; (iii) research and development in a variety of industries; and (iv) the daily lives of electronics consumers. Our research and development of the Ubiquitor and accompanying application is an instrument that will have several instrument sensor applications.

We believe that instrument sensors are important in modern science, having applications in both the industrial and educational fields. In recent years, significant progress has been made in instruments and instrumentation systems. The performance of measuring and monitoring instruments has improved considerably in the computer age. Analog instruments are used to indicate the magnitude of the quantity in the form of pointer movements. Digital instruments, on the other hand, specify the quantity in a digital readout format, they can be read easily, and are more accurate than the analog multi-meters because the pointer movements can be easily misread and are often not permanently stored, reducing interpolation and reading errors. Digital instruments offer significant advantages over analog devices. The auto-polarity function of digital devices prevents various problems. Parallax error which occurs when the pointer of an analog instrument is viewed from a different angle, which may cause users to see and read a different value are eliminated as well. Digital instruments are free from wear and potential shock failures because they have no moving parts. With the advancements in technology of integrated circuits, digital instruments are becoming increasingly compact and accurate. Key market players of analog and digital instruments include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Danaher Corporation, Mettler Toledo, Metrohm USA, Hanna Instruments, Agilent Technologies, and Perkin Elmer.

Most modern instruments are digital. They are designed for measuring various physical quantities in objects; and consist of the following functional components:

Data acquisition: This is the process of sampling signals that measure real world physical conditions and converting the resulting samples into digital numeric values that can be manipulated by a microprocessor. The components of data acquisition systems include:

Storage and communication components:

Traditional hardware-centered instrumentation systems are made up of multiple stand-alone instruments that are interconnected to carry out a determined measurement or control an operation. They have fixed vendor-defined functionality, are very powerful, large, expensive and cumbersome. They also require a lot of power and often have excessive amounts of features that are not user friendly. Users generally cannot extend or customize them easily. The knobs and buttons on the instrument, the built-in circuitry and the functions available to the user, are specific to the nature of the instrument.

Virtual instruments represent a fundamental shift from traditional hardware-centered instrumentation systems, to software-centered systems that exploit the computing power, productivity, display, and connectivity capabilities of popular desktop computers and workstations. The functionality of these stand-alone instruments can be implemented in a digital environment by using computers, plug-in data-acquisition boards, and support software to implement the functions of the system. The plug-in data acquisition boards enable the interface of analog signals to computer, and the software allows programming of the computer to look and function as an instrument. The major advantage of virtual instrumentation is its flexibility. Changing function simply requires a modification of the supporting software. Whereas the same change in a traditional system may require adding or substituting a stand-alone instrument, which is more difficult and also more expensive. Virtual instruments also offer advantages in displaying and storing information. Computer display can show more colors and allow users to quickly change the format of displaying the data that is received by the instrument.

Instrument inter-operability and connectivity allow devises to communicate and work with other instruments manufactured by different vendors, in a manner that requires the user to have little or no knowledge of the unique characteristics of those instruments. Traditional instruments, including traditional hardware-centered instrumentations and software centered virtual instrumentations, are specifically designed, constructed and refined to perform one or more specific tasks. When manufacturers develop these instruments, they naturally seek ways to differentiate their products from those of their competitors. Most of the instruments on the market come with a variety of connectivity technologies and do not have the built-in firmware and software to support the connectivity and inter-operability of instruments. Even instruments within in the same class, from different vendors, are not compatible. In 1998, National Instruments, along with other companies including Agilent, Advantest, Anritsu, Ascor, BAE systems, Boeing, Ericsson, Genrad, Honeywell, IFR, Keithley, Lecroy, Nokia, Northrop Grumman, Racal, Ratheon, Rohde & Schwarz, Smiths, Tektronix, Teradyne, and Wavetek formed the interchangeable virtual machine foundation. Interchangeable Virtual Instruments (IVI) is a revolutionary standard for instrument driver software technology. It attempts to standardize the commands to which specific kinds of instruments respond, and also makes it possible to interchange instruments in a test system without drastically revising the application software and maximizing interchangeability across instrument brands. Unfortunately, while the instrument driver did simplify software development and maintenance, it didn’t address hardware obsolescence as each manufacturer had their own and none were compatible. Current applications are limited to large, expensive test and measurement instruments.

A universal instrument is a versatile device which combines many individual instrument functions, sensors and probes in a single unit. It has a primary purpose, but also incorporates other instrument’s functionalities. One instrument could perform many different measurements and control and substitute many other instruments. It utilizes a variety of probes to connect to the device for a wide variety of process measurement and control. A universal instrument offers superior sensor or probe compatibility, versatility, inter-operability, connectivity and scalability. Theoretically, it is feasible to design a universal instrument which is compatible with all sensors or probes on the market, and capable of monitoring and controlling any combination of sensors or probes.

Despite the undoubted usefulness of the universal instruments, one of the major obstacles that prevent the universal instruments from being adopted by end users is their cost. The end user who just needs a $10 traditional instrument for his applications certainly does not have the motivation to spend $1,000 for functions he does not need. Functionality always needs to be balanced against cost. The knobs and buttons on analog instruments, the built-in circuitry, and the functions available to the user, are specific to the nature of the instrument, making them very expensive and hard to adapt.

Smartphones and tablets have been considered recreational devices for communicating, playing games and streaming videos, but they are also one of the most powerful tools engineers use for designing, validating, and producing products. These ubiquitous smartphones perform better than most instrumentation in many fields. Because of their network connectivity, smartphones and tablets are great tools for remotely viewing measurements. In addition, the processing capabilities have exploded in recent years with processors and data capability rivaling that of very recent laptop computers. Thus, their small size and processing power also makes them effective for portable measurements. The ubiquity of wireless connectivity, unlimited data plans, and more powerful cellular networks combined with increasing functionality and the speed of connected devices and mobile networks will further drive consumer demand for more cost-effective wireless smartphone-based instruments. Building an application for a smartphone or tablet and turning a smartphone or tablet to an instrument is not a trivial task. Many of the industrial instrument manufacturers have limited or no expertise programming for mobile platforms and designing wireless hardware. To help industrial instrument manufacturers take advantage of these smart devices, Perfecular Inc., has dedicated many years of research and development efforts into designing, assembling, marketing and promoting wireless smart technology and products for industrial measuring instruments.

Our universal smart development protocol focuses not only on the design of the hardware and software modules, but also on the design of the overall universal smart instruments system, guided by the structured, universal and modular principles. We make our development open to industrial instrument manufacturers, software, and hardware developers.

Compatibility: The compatibility in universal smart instrument system refers not only to the compatibility between the same types of industrial sensor instruments from different manufactures, but also to the compatibility between various industrial instrument types. The full inter-operability and absolute instrument interchangeability is constantly addressed in our development protocol.

Universality: It is our goal to incorporate as many functionalities of the traditional industrial sensor instruments into a single unit, allowing different data acquisition sensor modules to execute on the same mobile platform. Thus, the interoperability between various sensors or probes can be achieved.

Upgradeability: Most traditional industrial instrument sensor interfaces are unidirectional applications, meaning the instrument performs its task and transmits results to the interface device in one direction only. They only perform monitoring tasks and share a majority of functions of the bi-directional controlling instruments, however, they cannot be upgraded to controllers. End users have to purchase a new controlling instrument for their applications. Taking advantage of the secure bi-directional wireless communications and interface supported by smartphones or mobile devices, universal smart instruments, which deliver data back-and-forth between the smartphones and industrial sensors, can be readily modified or upgraded by adding the corresponding actuators for controlling applications. Sensors or probes measure the output performance of the device being controlled and give feedback to the input actuators that can make corrections towards the desired performance. 

Expandability and Scalability: Similar to existing sensor network technology, our universal smart instruments are more flexible than sensor networks. They can currently monitor and control hundreds of different sensors or probes. They automatically identify and configure the corresponding graphical user interfaces that are connected to the Universal Smart Instruments. End users are free to add or removes sensors or probes from the universal smart instruments. All communication protocols supported by smartphones are integrated in the software design including WI-FI, blue tooth, cellular network technology and wired form through the audio port on the smartphone.

Security: Universal smart instruments have the sensor security built-in data acquisition module and help companies meet sensor security requirements, preventing unauthorized users from accessing the sensor measurements and control. Unauthorized access of the universal smart instruments sensors is forbidden.

Modularity: Increasing instrument complexity is driving instruments to become more modular. The knobs and buttons on the instrument, the built-in circuitry, and the functions available to the user used in traditional stand-alone instruments duplicate these components for each instrument, adding cost and size. Universal smart instruments divide all instruments into three parts: (i) smartphones including their application software, (ii) wireless communication module (we called it universal smart device), which is not needed in the wired form, and (iii) task-specific data acquisition module. Our universal smart devices were developed and assembled by us with parts that were shipped to us from China. Both hardware and software, including wired or wireless communication protocols, were developed and well tested. The only work needed to be done are the design and manufacture of the task-specific data acquisition, which is just a fraction of the traditional stand-alone instrument design. The high degree of modularity saves a lot of time in development, maintenance, and support. Modular hardware and software limit the time needed to test products so developers can spend more of their energy on innovation.

Universal smart instruments share many similarities, in terms of functionalities and advantages, with virtual instruments. They are both soft-centered technologies. However, developing the software for virtual instrumentation is not trivial, a programming language or special software can be used. Professional software engineers with virtual instrument expertise are needed. A virtual instrument consists of an industry-standard computer or workstation equipped with powerful application software, cost-effective hardware such as plug-in boards, and driver software, which together perform the functions of traditional instruments. Its primary focus is on large, expensive, testing and measurement instruments, not portable devices. Because of the unique nature of the smartphone operating systems such as iOS or Android, which are significantly different from those used in industry-standard computers or workstations, the migration of virtual instrument technology from industry-standard computers or workstations to mobile devices such as smartphones is not straight forward. Virtual Instrument Software Architecture, commonly known as VISA is a comprehensive package for configuring, programming, and troubleshooting instrumentation systems comprised of GPIB, Serial, VXI, PXI, Ethernet, and USB interfaces which are wired forms of communications and widely used in traditional instruments. Universal smart instruments adopt ubiquitous wireless connectivity for communications between a sensor and the smartphone. The wired form communications used in virtual instruments cannot be applied to wireless communications supported by smartphones. Industry-standard computers or workstations have more powerful computational capability, memories and storage to deal with demanding applications in modern industrial measurement systems than those found on smartphones. The software architecture designed in universal smart instruments is significantly different from that of virtual instruments. There are many applications running on smartphones. Universal smart instrument software should not interfere with other software. Mobile application programming and wireless communication technologies are the major holdup for instrument engineers who do not have the mobile application programming and wireless communication expertise.

Focus Universal Inc. provided a comprehensive package including both universal instrument application software for smartphones or mobile devices, and hardware for wireless communications between smartphones and sensors, called universal smart device. These technologies, including instrument protocol, completely eliminate those holdups. No smartphone programming and/or wireless communication knowledge are required, instrument engineers just use their traditional embedded programming and spend a small fraction of their time coding the instrument specification into the data acquisition modules including sensors or probes according to the universal smart protocol, and then enjoy the huge hardware reduction and more functionalities provided or supported by the smartphone. The instrument design was simplified to the data acquisition design; all other functions were achieved by the universal smart instrument software. Universal smart technology offers the potential to standardization of the instrument design.

Universal smart technologies are designed so that a single software package and hardware support all instrumentation applications, no new software and hardware is needed. Traditional instrument manufacturers still migrate from their traditional instruments to the state-of-the-art universal wireless smart instruments seamlessly. Instrumentation is a huge industry which covers a variety of industry fields including commercial, industrial, military, medical, healthcare, scientific and daily life. It is very difficult to estimate its market value; Bain & Company issued a report predicting that the impact of the Internet of Things market on the global economy might be as high as $520 billion by 2021, more than double the $235 billion spent in 2017¹. The Internet of Things is just a fraction of the instrumentation market.

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¹ Bain & Company, “Unlocking the Opportunity in the Internet of Things” 2018 (available at: https://www.bain.com/contentassets/5aa3a678438846289af59f62e62a3456/bain_brief_unlocking_opportunities_in_the_internet_of_things.pdf. Last accessed January 30, 2019).

Our Approach to Measurement and Sensing

We hope to offer a different approach that links handheld devices and instrument sensors with the computing power that is available on common smartphones through a mobile application on the smartphone in both iOS and Android devices. Tapping into the computing power of a smartphone enables a standard measurement device to increase its capabilities—yet, we believe very few scientific instrument sensor platforms are harnessing this power. The application instantly measures the instrument readouts from the Ubiquitor through a Wi-Fi or Bluetooth connection.

We also offer an array of traditional handheld meters through our wholesale distribution platform. The design, development, and use of these products have led us to look for more robust handheld digital sensor concepts, which eventually led us to develop the Ubiquitor Wireless Universal Sensor Device.

Ubiquitor Wireless Universal Sensor Device

Our “Ubiquitor,” device is a handheld fully modular system with a universal sensor node and gateway system that uses a smartphone as the output display module that displays the readings of various probe modules. We have completed and initial production run of prototype devices and intend to develop them into full-scale production. The Ubiquitor is a wireless sensor device that combines measuring tools with smartphone technology to quickly deliver sensor node data on desktop and mobile phone screens. The Ubiquitor’s sensor analytics system integrates event-monitoring, storage and analytics software in a cohesive package that provides a holistic view of sensor data it is reading.

The physical hardware consists of:

This device can connect up to 2,500 sensor instruments, and integrate data using embedded software to display the data and all analytics onto a digital screen (desktop or mobile displays) using a Wi-Fi connection. Most types of probes can connect to the hardware. If the sensor size is bigger than the standard probe size, it is possible to simply use a USB cable to connect the probe and the hub. All data and analytics are displayed on a single screen, with tools that record and keep track of all measurements, and sort and display analytic information in easy to read charts.

The Ubiquitor is a general platform that collects data in real time, up to 100hz per second, and thus is intended to be adapted to many industrial uses.

The Ubiquitor is a multipurpose wireless intelligent sensor device. Its greatest advantage is universal compatibility. Currently, the Ubiquitor device could simultaneously accommodate more than 256 different types of sensor heads. Users could use their smartphones to simultaneously operate and monitor over 256 kinds of sensor readings. With our technology, users only need to obtain the sensor heads, facilitating ease and convenience of use. Using a smartphone, users can collect and analyze data in real time.

By using the smartphone as a substitute platform, we believe we will achieve the following efficiencies:

Other Traditional Handheld Meters

We also offer an array of traditional handheld meters through our wholesale distribution platform.

Filter and Handheld Meter Wholesaler

We are a wholesaler of various filtration products and digital meters. We source our products from various manufacturers in China in bulk and then sell to a major U.S. distributor who resells our products directly to consumers through retail distribution channels.

Specifically, we sell the following products:

Fan Speed Adjuster device. We provide a fan speed adjuster device to retailers and distributors. Designed specifically for centrifugal fans with brushless motors, our adjuster device helps ensure longer life by preventing damage to fan motors by adjusting the speed of centrifugal fans without causing the motor to hum. These devices are rated for 350 watts max, have 120VAC voltage capacity and feature an internal, electronic auto-resetting circuit breaker.

Carbon filter devices. We also sell two types of carbon filter devices to distributors. These Carbon filter devices are professional grade filters specifically designed and used to filter air in greenhouses that might be polluted by fermenting organics. One of these filters can be attached to a centrifugal fan to scrub the air in a constant circle or can be attached to an exhaust line as a single pass filter, which moves air out of the growing area and filters unwanted odors and removes pollens, dust, and other debris in the air. The other filter is designed to be used with fans from 0-6000 C.F.M.

HEPA filtration device. We provide an organic air high efficiency particulate arrestance (“HEPA”) filtration device at wholesale prices to distributors and retailers. Manufactured, tested, certified, and labeled in accordance with current HEPA filter standards, this device is targeted towards greenhouses and grow rooms and designed to keep insects, bacteria, and mold out of grow rooms. We sell these devices in various sizes.

Digital light meter. We provide a handheld digital light meter that is used to measure luminance in fc units, or foot-candles. The meter we sell is designed to be full cosine corrected for the angular incidence of light (meaning if you are not holding the sensor perpendicular to the light source, the sensor will still read the light correctly). The meter has a built-in low battery indicator and is designed to accurately measure to 40,000 FC.

Quantum par meter. We provide a handheld quantum par meter used to measure photosynthetically active radiation (“PAR”). This fully portable handheld PAR meter is designed to measure PAR flux in wavelengths ranging from 400 to 700 nm. It is designed to measure up to 10,000 umol.

Strategy

Strategy and Marketing Plan

We have successfully designed, assembled, marketed and distributed our electronic measurement devices, such as temperature humidity meters, digital meters, quantum PAR meters, pH meters, TDS meters and CO2 monitors, for many years through Hydrofarm, our sole distribution platform. The universal smart technology has been applied to our existing traditional devices and demonstrated functionality and hardware cost savings. We believe we have achieved hardware cost savings in the range of 70% to 90%. Prototypes were sent to certain test consumers for demonstrations and evaluation. We completed the production of certain pilot assembly runs. The first round of pilot production was completed in May 2016. The second round of pilot production was completed in July 2016. We are continuing our future strategic and marketing plans by thoroughly testing the products produced in these assembling runs, however, the products from our first and second pilot productions may still be offered for sale in the future.

Smartphones are an integral part of our wireless universal smart technology system. Both wireless and wired communication connectivity are used and targeted on different applications. In wired connectivity, the data acquisition module is connected through the audio port in the smartphone. The smartphone is used to replace a traditional instrument. Compared with the wireless solution, the wireless communication module or even the power supply used for data acquisition module are eliminated in the design, as a consequence of this some hardware costs are saved. End users are not able to access the sensors or probes remotely. We believe that the instruments based on wired universal smart technology are not as convenient as their wireless counterparts. Currently, in the industry, however, wired instruments are cheaper.

We believe that being the first ones in the market could provide a significant and sustained market-share advantage over later competitors because we can update our product based on user applications that will become apparent after we have a critical mass of users. We are attempting to convert our existing instruments to universal smart Ubiquitor devices and market the Ubiquitor to our existing customers and hopefully gain new customers.

We are putting together an internal sales team in order to establish and optimize our marketing efforts.

We believe that wireless universal smart technology will play a critical role for traditional industrial instrument manufacturers, as it is too expensive and difficult to develop industrial instrument sensors for medium or smaller companies. The cost factor is the first consideration when deciding whether a company wants to develop smart wireless technologies and implement them in their products. There are hundreds of thousands of instrument manufacturers and hundreds of billions of dollars of revenue for this manufacturing industry in China.¹ We plan to open a sales department in China dedicated to promoting our technologies to local instrument manufacturers.

Smartphones have been seamlessly integrated into our daily life. A large number of functions and services have become accessible to the masses through the use of smart phones. The proliferation of the smartphone and its user-friendly interface, which allows access to digital information, will cause these devices to become a crucial part of our wireless universal smart instruments.

Our goals over the next three years include:

In order to achieve these goals, we intend to focus on the following initiatives:

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¹  https://www.merics.org/sites/default/files/2017-09/MPOC_No.2_MadeinChina2025.pdf; https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/FINAL-China-Technology-Report-6.18.18-PDF.pdf;

Distribution Method

We intend to continue to engage in relationships with Chinese manufacturers and then distribute our products to distributors and retailers directly from the Chinese manufacturers and then we intend to distribute the Ubiquitor by selling directly to traditional instrument manufacturers. We believe that traditional instrument manufacturers will adopt this technology because it will be so cost-effective compared to what they are using and also since the Ubiquitor device will consolidate various other sensors into one single device.

We intend to manufacture and market the Ubiquitor and sell it directly to consumers or distributors using internet marketing and also using channels such as Amazon.com and to launch the product through direct-to-consumer platform sites that pre-sell products like indiegogo and kickstarter.com. We also intend to establish a marketing department overseas in China.

Raw Materials

The electronic components used in the Ubiquitor are common and can be easily purchased through a variety of suppliers with little advance notice. Production and assembly lines are also available worldwide, though we complete our assembly in our Ontario, California facility. On October 1, 2018 we entered into an agreement with Beijing Hengnar Technology Development Co., Ltd., to develop certain infrared online gas analyzer products that detect O2, CO, CO2, H2, Nox, SF6 and other gases.

Manufacturing and Assembly

We currently have a third party manufacture our Ubiquitor device and have an assembly facility in California where we assemble the Ubiquitor. However, within the next three years, the Company expects to cancel their third-party manufacturing relationship and reevaluate the volume of assembly of the Ubiquitor product. If the volume of assembly becomes too much to do all assembly of the Ubiquitor in California, then it may be necessary to convert both manufacturing and assembly to a large-scale facility in China. We believe we will gradually transfer assembly to a Chinese facility by assembling part of the Ubiquitor orders in California and part of the orders in China and gradually transfer until all of the assembly and manufacturing is done in China (this assumes high quality control levels for assembly in China). The Company has key strategic relationships with manufacturing facilities, such as Tianjin Guanglee Technologies Ltd., in China and believes that eventually converting all manufacturing and assembly of the Ubiquitor device, in China, will lead to reduced production costs and greater profits.

Competitors

There are several competitors we have identified in the wireless sensor node industry, including traditional instruments or devices manufacturers such as Hanna Instruments or Extech Instruments.

Hach developed and launched SC1000 Multi-parameter Universal Controller, a probe module for connecting up to 8 SC sensors and their products are not compatible with smart phones yet and we believe their price-point is still prohibitive to consumers.

Monnit Corporation offers a range of wireless or remote sensors. Many of Monnit’s products are web-based wireless sensors usually are not portable because of the power consumption. Also, the sensors real-time updates are slow, and we believe security of the web-based sensor data acquisition also may be a concern. In addition to purchasing the device, consumers usually have to pay monthly fee for using web-based services.

We are not trying to compete with traditional instruments or device manufacturers because we utilize our Ubiquitor universal smart device in conjunction with our generic instrument’s smartphone application, which we believe will be a completely different product category.

Patent, Trademark, License and Franchise Restrictions. Contractual Obligations and Concessions

On March 5, 2018, we issued a press release announcing that the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office had issued an Issue Notification for U.S. Patent Application No. 9924295 entitled “Universal Smart Device,” which covers a patent application regarding the Company’s Universal Smart Device. The patent was granted on March 20, 2018.

Pursuant to recent research and development efforts, we recently received an issue notification from the USPTO for an application filed on June 2, 2017 that is a process for improving a spectral response curve of a photo sensor. The small and cost-effective multicolor sensor and its related software protected by the potential patent we believe could achieve a spectral response that approximates an ideal photo response to measure optical measurement. The patent was issued on February 26, 2019.

In addition, we have been awarded a notice of allowance for a patent from the USPTO for a patent application we filed on March 12, 2018 as application No. 15/925,400. The patent title is a “Universal Smart Device” which is a universal smart instrument that unifies heterogeneous measurement probes into a single device that can analyze, publish, and share the data analyzed. The issue fee must be paid no later than May 12, 2019.

Research and Development Activities

During 2018 we spent a total of $221,510 on research and development activities. We estimate spending $280,000 on research and development over the course of 2019.

Compliance with Environmental Laws

We are not aware of any environmental laws that have been enacted, nor are we aware of any such laws being contemplated for the future, that impact issues specific to our business.

Employees

As of the date of this Annual Report, we have eight full-time and two part-time employees, the Company’s officers, our President Dr. Edward Lee, our Chief Executive Officer and Secretary Desheng Wang. Our officers and directors are responsible for planning, developing and operational duties, and will continue to do so throughout the early stages of our growth. Our eight full-time employees are working in the warehouse orchestrating the development and distribution of our handheld sensor devices as well as our filters.

Legal Proceedings

We are not a party to any legal proceedings.

Reports to Securities Holders

We provide an Annual Report that includes audited financial information to our shareholders. We will make our financial information equally available to any interested parties or investors through compliance with the disclosure rules for a small business issuer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We are subject to disclosure filing requirements including filing Form 10-K annually and Form 10-Q quarterly. In addition, we will file Form 8-K and other proxy and information statements from time to time as required. We do not intend to voluntarily file the above reports in the event that our obligation to file such reports is suspended under the Exchange Act. The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, (“SEC”), at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549.

The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

We have a limited operating history and a history of operating losses, and we may not be able to sustain profitability. In addition, we may be unable to continue as a going concern.

We were incorporated on December 4, 2012, and as of December 31, 2018, we had an accumulated deficit of $4,003,459. We have a limited operating history upon which an evaluation of our future success or failure can be made. Additionally, if we are not successful in growing revenues and controlling costs, we will not maintain profitable operations or positive cash flow, and even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods. Absent a significant increase in revenue or additional equity or debt financing, we may not be able to sustain our ability to continue as a going concern.

Because we have a limiting operating history, you may not be able to accurately evaluate our operations.

We were incorporated on December 4, 2012 and have had limited operations to date. Therefore, we have a limited operating history upon which to evaluate the merits of investing in our company. Potential investors should be aware of the difficulties normally encountered by new companies and the high rate of failure of such enterprises. The likelihood of success must be considered in light of the problems, expenses, difficulties, complications and delays encountered in connection with the operations that we plan to undertake. These potential problems include, but are not limited to, unanticipated problems relating to the ability to generate sufficient cash flow to operate our business, and additional costs and expenses that may exceed current estimates. However, we expect to continue generating revenues. Additionally, we recognize that if the effectiveness of our business plan is not forthcoming, we will not be able to continue business operations. If we are unsuccessful in addressing these risks, our business will most likely fail. 

We require significant funding to manufacture and market our Ubiquitor wireless sensor.

We may ultimately require up to $20 million to fund the manufacturing, assembly, and marketing strategy for our product. Once we achieve this fund-raising goal, we intend to position ourselves in the small device market, establishing the price at below a few hundred dollars. Due to superior functionality and low price, we expect to capture this section of the market fairly easily, while our product and service matures, and the Company becomes better known, we will seize the high-end market. None of this will be possible if we fail to obtain the funding we require. There is no guarantee that additional funding can be obtained on favorable terms, if at all.

We depend on key personnel.

Our future success will depend in part on the continued service of key personnel, particularly, Desheng Wang our Chief Executive Officer and our President Edward Lee.

If any of our directors and officers will choose to leave the company, we will face significant difficulties in attracting potential candidates for replacement of our key personnel due to our limited financial resources and operating history. In addition, the loss of any key employees or the inability to attract or retain qualified personnel could delay our plan of operations and harm our ability to provide services to our current customer, Hydrofarm, and harm the market’s perception of us.

We outsource our product manufacturing and procurement, decreasing quality, reliability and protectability

We assemble our Ubiquitor devices by using fully manufactured parts, the manufacturing of which has been fully outsourced. We have no direct control over the manufacturing processes of our products. This lack of control may increase quality or reliability risks and could limit our ability to quickly increase or decrease production rates.

We outsource the manufacturing of key elements of the Ubiquitor to a single manufacturing partner, with whom we do not have a formal contractual relationship.

We outsource the manufacture of our Ubiquitor devices to a single contract manufacturer, Tianjin Guanglee Technologies Ltd. (“Tianjin Guanglee”). If Tianjin Guanglee’s operations are interrupted or if Tianjin Guanglee is unable to meet our delivery requirements due to capacity limitations or other constraints, we may be limited in our ability to fulfill new customer orders, and we may be required to seek new manufacturing partners in the future. Tianjin Guanglee has limited manufacturing capacity, is itself dependent upon third-party suppliers and is dependent on trained technical labor to effectively create components making up the Ubiquitor or to repair special tooling. In addition, as of the date of this annual report, we do not have a formal development and manufacturing agreement under which we and Tianjin Guanglee operate. Although we continue to operate under the terms of an oral agreement, our manufacturing operations could be adversely impacted if we are unable to enforce Tianjin Guanglee’s performance.

Our potential inability to adequately protect our intellectual property during the outsource manufacturing of our products in China could negatively impact our performance.

In connection with our manufacturing outsourcing arrangements, we rely on third-party manufacturers to implement customary manufacturer safeguards onsite, such as the use of confidentiality agreements with employees, to protect our proprietary information and technologies during the manufacturing process. However, these safeguards may not effectively prevent unauthorized use of such information and technical knowhow or prevent the manufacturers from retaining them. We face risks that our proprietary information may not be afforded the same protection in China as it is in countries with more comprehensive intellectual property laws, and local laws may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights in China, and failure to obtain or maintain intellectual property or trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position. In the event that the third-party manufacturers of our proprietary products misappropriate our intellectual property, our business, prospects and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

We are subject to risks associated with operations that have a concentration of customers.

We only have one customer, Hydrofarm, who resells our digital light meters and sensors. There is no guarantee that this customer will remain solvent, and/or continue with the Company as it has in the past. Consequently, if we were to lose this customer, nearly all of our revenues would be lost.

Our business depends on our ability to keep manufacturing costs low and we may lack the expertise necessary to negotiate and maintain favorable pricing, supply, business and credit terms with our potential vendors.

It may be difficult to negotiate or maintain favorable pricing, supply, business or credit terms with our potential vendors, suppliers and service providers. In addition, product manufacturing costs may increase if we fail to achieve anticipated volumes. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully manage these risks. In summary, we can offer no assurance that we will be able to obtain a sufficient (but not excess) supply of products on a timely and cost-effective basis. Our failure to do so would lead to a material adverse impact on our business.

Demand for our products is uncertain and depends on our currently unproven ability to create and maintain superior performance

Our future operating results will depend upon our ability to provide our products or services and to operate profitably in an industry characterized by intense competition, rapid technological advances and low margins. This, in turn, will depend on a number of factors, including:

These factors are difficult to manage, satisfy and influence and we cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to generate significant demand for and sales of our products.

The Ubiquitor device could fail to gain traction in the marketplace for a number of reasons that would adversely impact our financial results and cause our investors to lose money.

Future successful sales of the Ubiquitor entail numerous risks such as:

In order to compete successfully, we must accurately forecast demand, closely monitor inventory levels, secure quality products, continuously drive down costs, meet aggressive product price and performance targets, create market demand for our brand and hold sufficient, but not excess, inventory.

Our Ubiquitor device greatly depends on the growth and adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) market, and other next-generation internet and smartphone-based applications.

The Internet may ultimately prove not to be a viable commercial marketplace for IoT applications for a number of reasons, including:

There is a risk that the market will not adapt to using the smartphone as a substitute platform for sensor devices, causing our products to fail in the marketplace.

There is a risk that the market will not receive the smartphone technology, which we currently as our sole platform. The vast majority of products on the small sensor device market do not currently use smartphones to collect and analyze sensor data. There is no guarantee that using smartphone technology will cut production costs and be well received. If our platform using smartphone technology is not well received, there is a risk that device manufacturers will develop new monitoring and operating components that are incompatible with our current platform instead of developing the traditional sensors that are compatible with our technology. Updating our platform to stay compatible with new components could increase our costs unexpectedly.

Using wireless transmission technologies such as WI-FI and Bluetooth may create security risks.

There is also a risk of failure based on the wireless transmission of data used by our smartphone platform. If there is instability in a wireless network, Bluetooth sensor, or other network problems that are out of our control, our new platform may not be well received. Our smartphone platform relies on the wireless transmission of data through WIFI networks and Bluetooth sensors. These networks are often deemed less secure than a hard-wired network. The security of a wireless network is often out of our control. However, any breach of security could result in the market and sensor device manufacturers to fail to embrace our platform.

Our business involves the use, transmission and storage of confidential information, and the failure to properly safeguard such information could result in significant reputational harm.

We may at times collect, store and transmit information of, or on behalf of, our clients that may include certain types of confidential information that may be considered personal or sensitive, and that are subject to laws that apply to data breaches. We believe that we take reasonable steps to protect the security, integrity and confidentiality of the information we collect and store, but there is no guarantee that inadvertent or unauthorized disclosure will not occur or that third parties will not gain unauthorized access to this information despite our efforts to protect this information, including through a cyber-attack that circumvents existing security measures and compromises the data that we store. If such unauthorized disclosure or access does occur, we may be required to notify persons whose information was disclosed or accessed. Most states have enacted data breach notification laws and, in addition to federal laws that apply to certain types of information, such as financial information, federal legislation has been proposed that would establish broader federal obligations with respect to data breaches. We may also be subject to claims of breach of contract for such unauthorized disclosure or access, investigation and penalties by regulatory authorities and potential claims by persons whose information was disclosed. The unauthorized disclosure of information, or a cyber-security incident involving data that we store, may result in the termination of one or more of our commercial relationships or a reduction in client confidence and usage of our services. We may also be subject to litigation alleging the improper use, transmission or storage of confidential information, which could damage our reputation among our current and potential clients and cause us to lose business and revenue.

Product liability associated with the production, marketing and sale of our products, and/or the expense of defending against claims of product liability, could materially deplete our assets and generate negative publicity which could impair our reputation.

The production, marketing and sale of digital products have inherent risks of liability in the event of product failure or claim of harm caused by product operation. Furthermore, even meritless claims of product liability may be costly to defend against. We do not currently have product liability insurance for our products. We may not be able to obtain this insurance on acceptable terms or at all. Because we may not be able to obtain insurance that provides us with adequate protection against all or even some potential product liability claims, a successful claim against us could materially deplete our assets. Moreover, even if we are able to obtain adequate insurance, any claim against us could generate negative publicity, which could impair our reputation and adversely affect the demand for our products, our ability to generate sales and our profitability.

Some of the agreements that we may enter into with manufacturers or distributors of our products and components of our products may require us:

If we are not able to obtain and maintain adequate product liability insurance, then we could be in breach of these agreements, which could materially adversely affect our ability to produce our products and generate revenues. Even if we are able to obtain and maintain product liability insurance, if a successful claim in excess of our insurance coverage is made, then we may have to indemnify some or all of our manufacturers or distributors for their losses, which could materially deplete our assets.

Product defects could result in costly fixes, litigation and damages.

Our business exposes us to potential product liability risks that are inherent in the design, manufacture and sale of our products. If there are claims related to defective products (under warranty or otherwise), particularly in a product recall situation, we could be faced with significant expenses in replacing or repairing the product. For example, our filtration products or Ubiquitor devices obtain raw materials, machined parts and other product components from suppliers who provide certifications of quality which we rely on. Should these product components be defective and pass undetected into finished products, or should a finished product contain a defect, we could incur significant costs for repairs, re-work and/or removal and replacement of the defective product. In addition, if a dispute over product claims cannot be settled, arbitration or litigation may result, requiring us to incur attorneys’ fees and exposing us to the potential of damage awards against us.

The lack of public company experience of our management team could adversely impact our ability to comply with the reporting requirements of U.S. securities laws.

Dr. Wang lacks extensive public company experience. Our CEO is ultimately responsible for complying with federal securities laws and making required disclosures on a timely basis. Any such deficiencies, weaknesses or lack of compliance could have a materially adverse effect on our ability to comply with the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which is necessary to maintain our public company status. If we were to fail to fulfill those obligations, our ability to continue as a U.S. public company would be in jeopardy in which event you could lose your entire investment in our company.

Our officers, directors, consultants and advisors are involved in other businesses and not obligated to commit their time and attention exclusively to our business and therefore they may encounter conflicts of interest with respect to the allocation of time and business opportunities between our operations and those of other businesses.

Our Chief Executive Officer Mr. Desheng Wang is currently involved in other businesses and not obligated to commit his time and attention exclusively to our business and, accordingly, he may encounter conflicts of interest in allocating his own time, or any business opportunities that he may encounter, between our operations and those of other businesses. Furthermore, if the execution of our business plan demands more time than is currently committed by him, he will be under no obligation to commit such additional time, and his failure to do so may adversely affect our ability to carry on our business and successfully execute our business plan.

Another example of a conflict of interest is so called “self-dealing” transactions. If a conflict-of-interest transaction is negotiated and approved, in a manner that approximates arms-length negotiations, the transaction is accepted unless a shareholder proves in court that the transaction is not entirely fair to the company or its shareholders. The burden is on the shareholder to show lack of entire fairness. A self-dealing transaction, is considered invalid if challenged, unless the interested director proves in court that the transaction is entirely fair to the company. The burden is on the director to show entire fairness.

If, as a result of before mentioned conflicts, we are deprived of business opportunities or information, the execution of our business plan and our ability to effectively compete in the marketplace may be adversely affected. If our audit committee becomes aware of such conflict of interests, we will take an immediate action to resolve it. Each conflict of interest will be handled by the company based on the nature of the conflict and the individual involved in it.

We are not aware of any current or potential conflict of interests with our consultants or advisors.

We have concluded that we have not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting through the year ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in our internal control could have material adverse effects on us.

It is important for us to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, which is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

A material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting could adversely impact our ability to provide timely and accurate financial information. If we are unsuccessful in implementing or following our remediation plan, we may not be able to timely or accurately report our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows or maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures. If we are unable to report financial information timely and accurately or to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures, we could be subject to, among other things, regulatory or enforcement actions by the SEC, any one of which could adversely affect our business prospects.

We currently have identified significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that, if not corrected, could result in material misstatements of our financial statements.

In connection with the audit of our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we identified significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting and a general understanding of U.S. GAAP. As such, there is a reasonable possibility that a misstatement of our financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

As we have thus far not needed to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, neither we nor our independent registered public accounting firm has performed an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In light of the deficiency, we believe that it is possible that certain control deficiencies may have been identified if such an evaluation had been performed.

We are working to remediate the deficiencies or material weaknesses. We have taken steps to enhance our internal control environment and plan to take additional steps to remediate the material weaknesses. Specifically:

Although we plan to complete this remediation process as quickly as possible, we are unable, at this time to estimate how long it will take, and our efforts may not be successful in remediating the deficiencies or material weaknesses.

Our executive officers and directors collectively have the power to control our management and operations and have a significant majority in voting power on all matters submitted to the stockholders of the company.

One of our Directors owns over 34.93% of the outstanding shares of our common stock as of the date of this annual report. Accordingly, Directors have a significant influence in determining the outcome of all corporate transactions or other matters, including mergers, consolidations and the sale of all or substantially all of our assets. They also have the power to prevent or cause a change in control. The interests of our directors may differ from the interests of the other stockholders and thus result in corporate decisions that are disadvantageous to other shareholders.

Management currently beneficially owns a majority of our outstanding common stock. Consequently, management has the ability to influence control of the operations of the Company and, acting together, will have the ability to influence or control substantially all matters submitted to stockholders for approval, including:

These stockholders have complete control over our affairs. Accordingly, this concentration of ownership by itself may have the effect of impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business consolidation, or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer for the Common Stock.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results. As a result, current and potential shareholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our stock.

Members of our Board of Directors are inexperienced with U.S. GAAP and the related internal control procedures required of U.S. public companies. Management has determined that our internal audit function is also significantly deficient due to insufficient qualified resources to perform internal audit functions.

We are a smaller reporting company with limited resources. Therefore, we cannot assure investors that we will be able to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting based on criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. For these reasons, we are considering the costs and benefits associated with improving and documenting our disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls and procedures, which includes (i) hiring additional personnel with sufficient U.S. GAAP experience and (ii) implementing ongoing training in U.S. GAAP requirements for our CFO and accounting and other finance personnel. If the result of these efforts are not successful, or if material weaknesses are identified in our internal control over financial reporting, our management will be unable to report favorably as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and/or our disclosure controls and procedures, and we could be required to further implement expensive and time-consuming remedial measures and potentially lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports which could have an adverse effect on our stock price and potentially subject us to litigation.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and distract our management.

We are required to comply with various regulatory and reporting requirements, including those required by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Complying with these reporting and other regulatory requirements is time-consuming and may result in increased costs to us and could have a negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, or SOX. These requirements may place a strain on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition. The SOX requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. Compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on our systems and resources.

These activities may divert management’s attention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be harmed.

We also expect that being a public company and these new rules and regulations will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our Board of Directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee and compensation committee, and qualified executive officers.

There is a very limited public (trading) market for our common stock and; therefore, our investors may not be able to sell their shares and the price of our common stock may fluctuate substantially.

Our common stock is listed on the over-the-counter exchange, and is thinly traded. As a result, stockholders may be unable to liquidate their investments, or may encounter considerable delay in selling shares of our common stock. If an active trading market does develop, the market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile due to, among other things, the nature of our business and because we are a new public company with a limited operating history. Further, a few individual stockholders dominate our shares. The limited trading volume subjects the price of our common stock to manipulation by one or more stockholders and will significantly limit the number of shares that one can purchase or sell in a short period of time. The market price of our common stock may also fluctuate significantly in response to the following factors, most of which are beyond our control:

The equity markets have, on occasion, experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market prices for many companies’ securities and that have often been unrelated to the operating performance of these companies. Any such fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. As a result, stockholders may be unable to sell their shares, or may be forced to sell them at a loss.

To date, there has been a limited public market for shares of our common stock, with limited trading. An active public trading market may not develop or, if developed, may not be sustained. The current market price of our common stock and any possible subsequent listing on another larger securities exchange, if and when we are successful in doing so, will be affected by a number of factors, including those discussed above.

An increase of free trading shares of our common stock could result in substantial sales of common stock on the open market which could cause our stock price to fall substantially.

Last year, we registered 19,904,706 shares of our common stock for more than 300 shareholders, which is substantially more than the 3,670,000 shares of common stock that are currently free trading. Any increase in freely trading shares, or the perception that such shares will or could come onto the market could have an adverse effect on the trading price of the stock. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that sales of these shares, or the availability of such shares for sale, will have on the market prices prevailing from time to time. Nevertheless, the possibility that substantial amounts of common stock may be sold in the public market may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of our equity securities or impair our shareholders’ ability to sell on the open market.

You could be diluted from our future issuance of capital stock and derivative securities.

As of March 8, 2019 2019, we had 40,907,010 shares of common stock outstanding and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. We are authorized to issue up to 90,000,000 shares of common stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. To the extent of such authorization, our Board of Directors will have the ability, without seeking stockholder approval, to issue additional shares of common stock or preferred stock in the future for such consideration as the Board of Directors may consider sufficient. The issuance of additional common stock or preferred stock in the future may reduce an investor’s or potential investor’s proportionate ownership and voting power.

Substantial future sales of our common stock, or the perception in the public markets that these sales may occur, may depress our stock price.

Sales of substantial shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional shares.

In the future, we may issue our securities if we need to raise capital in connection with a capital raise or acquisitions. The number of shares of our common stock issued in connection with a capital raise or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding shares of our common stock and have a dilutive effect on our shareholders which could have a material negative effect on our stock price.

Future sales of our common stock by existing stockholders could cause our stock price to decline.

If our existing stockholders sell substantial shares of our common stock in the public market, then the market price of our common stock could decrease significantly. The perception in the public market that our stockholders might sell shares of common stock also could depress the market price of our common stock. There are approximately 40,901,010 shares of our common stock outstanding, of which approximately 3,670,000 shares are currently freely tradable.

Certain existing holders of a majority of our common stock have rights, subject to certain conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other shareholders. If the sale of these shares are registered, they will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act. In the event such registration rights are exercised and a large number of shares of common stock are sold in the public market, such sales could reduce the trading price of our common stock.

A decline in the price of shares of our common stock might impede our ability to raise capital through the issuance of additional shares of our common stock or other equity securities.

We do not intend to pay dividends and there will be less ways in which you can make a gain on any investment in Focus Universal Inc.

We have never paid any cash dividends and currently do not intend to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. To the extent that we require additional funding currently not provided for in our financing plan, our funding sources may likely prohibit the payment of a dividend. Because we do not intend to declare dividends, any gain on an investment in Focus Universal Inc. will need to come through appreciation of the stock’s price.

No assurance can be given that our NASDAQ Capital Market application will be approved. There has been a limited trading market for our common stock to date and it may continue to be the case even if our listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market is approved.

There has been limited trading volume in our common stock, which is currently quoted on OTCQB and traded under the symbol “FCUV.” Although we have applied for listing of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market, no assurance can be given that our application will be approved. If our application to list common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market is not approved, we anticipate that there will continue to be a limited trading market for our common stock. Even if our NASDAQ Capital Market listing application is approved, there may still continue to be a limited trading market for our common stock. A lack of an active market may impair the ability of our stockholders to sell shares at the time they wish to sell or at a price that they consider favorable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of our common stock, impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares of capital stock and may impair our ability to use common stock as consideration to attract and retain talent or engage in business transactions (including mergers and acquisitions).

Failure to qualify to trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market will make it more difficult to raise capital.

NASDAQ has listing requirements for inclusion of securities for trading on the NASDAQ Capital Market, including stockholders equity of $4 million (market value standard) or $5 million (equity standard), market value of publicly held shares of $15 million, an operating history of 2 years under the equity standard or a market value of listed securities of $50 million under the market value standard, 1 million publicly held shares, 300 shareholders, three market makers and a $4 bid price or a closing price of $3 (equity standard) or $2 (market value standard). If we are unable to eventually uplist to the NASDAQ Capital Market due to lack of external market support, lack of trading volume, low stock price or failing other initial listing requirements, it could make it harder for us to raise capital in the long-term. If we are unable to raise capital when needed in the future, we may have to cease or reduce operations.

If we are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market and our financial condition deteriorates, we may not meet continued listing standards on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

The NASDAQ Capital Market requires companies to fulfill specific requirements in order for their shares to continue to be listed. Even if our Common Stock is approved for listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market, there is no guarantee that it will continue to be listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. If our Common Stock is delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date, our shareholders could find it difficult to sell their Common Stock.

In the event that the shares of our common stock were to be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market, we expect that it would be traded on the OTCQB or OTCQX, which are unorganized, inter-dealer, over-the-counter markets which provides significantly less liquidity than the NASDAQ Capital Market or other national securities exchanges. In the event that our common stock were to be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market, it may have a material adverse effect on the trading and price of our common stock.

If we are unable to maintain compliance with NASDAQ Capital Market listing standards, including maintenance of at least $2.5 million of stockholders’ equity and maintenance of a $1.00 minimum bid price, our common stock may be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market.

There can be no assurances that we will be able to maintain our NASDAQ Capital Market listing in the future. In the event we were unable to maintain compliance with NASDAQ Capital Market listing standards and our common stock were delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market, among other things, it would likely lead to a number of negative implications, including an adverse effect on the price of our common stock, reduced liquidity in our common stock, the loss of federal preemption of state securities laws and greater difficulty in obtaining financing. In the event of a de-listing, we would take actions to restore our compliance with NASDAQ’s listing requirements, but we can provide no assurance that any such action taken by us would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below the NASDAQ Capital Market minimum bid price requirement or prevent future non-compliance with NASDAQ’s listing requirements.

If our NASDAQ Capital Market listing is not approved or if we fail to maintain our NASDAQ Capital Market listing, you may face significant restrictions on the resale of your shares due to state “blue sky” laws.

Each state has its own securities laws, often called “blue sky” laws, which (1) limit sales of securities to a state’s residents unless the securities are registered in that state or qualify for an exemption from registration, and (2) govern the reporting requirements for broker-dealers doing business directly or indirectly in the state. Before a security is sold in a state, there must be a registration in place to cover the transaction, or it must be exempt from registration. The applicable broker-dealer must also be registered in that state.

If our NASDAQ Capital Market listing is not approved or if we fail to maintain our NASDAQ Capital Market listing, then we may not be considered to be on a national exchange and do not know whether our securities will be registered or exempt from registration under the laws of any state. A determination regarding registration will be made by those broker-dealers, if any, who agree to serve as market makers for our common stock. There may be significant state blue sky law restrictions on the ability of investors to sell, and on purchasers to buy, our securities. You should therefore consider the resale market for our common stock to be limited, as you may be unable to resell your shares without the significant expense of state registration or qualification.

Focus Universal is an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act. We cannot be certain if the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our shares of common stock less attractive to investors.

Focus Universal is and will remain an “emerging growth company” until the earliest to occur of (a) the last day of the fiscal year during which its total annual revenues equal or exceed $1 billion (subject to adjustment for inflation), (b) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of its initial public offering, (c) the date on which Focus Universal has, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt securities, or (d) the date on which Focus Universal is deemed a “large accelerated filer” (with at least $700 million in public float) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”).

For so long as Focus Universal remains an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act, it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” as described in further detail in the risk factors below. Focus Universal cannot predict if investors will find its shares of common stock less attractive because Focus Universal will rely on some or all of these exemptions. If some investors find Focus Universal’s shares of common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for its shares of common stock and its stock price may be more volatile.

If Focus Universal avails itself of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements, its reduced disclosure may make it more difficult for investors and securities analysts to evaluate Focus Universal and may result in less investor confidence.

The JOBS Act is intended to reduce the regulatory burden on “emerging growth companies”. Focus Universal meets the definition of an “emerging growth company” and so long as it qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” it will not be required to:

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. However, Focus Universal is choosing to “opt out” of such extended transition period, and as a result, Focus Universal will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that its decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable.

Notwithstanding the above, we are also currently a “smaller reporting company”, meaning that we are not an investment company, an asset-backed issuer, or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a smaller reporting company and have a public float of less than $250 million or annual revenues of less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year.

However, similar to “emerging growth companies”, “smaller reporting companies” are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in their filings; are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; are not required to conduct say-on-pay and frequency votes until annual meetings occurring on or after January 21, 2013; and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in their SEC filings, including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status as an “emerging growth company” or “smaller reporting company” may make it harder for investors to analyze the Company’s results of operations and financial prospects.

Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

Item 2. PROPERTIES

On April 24, 2017 we leased 2,800 square feet at 201511 East Walnut Drive North, Walnut, California. This lease will extend through April 30, 2019 and we pay $3,500 per month. We have subleased the space under this lease for the same amount we were paying because we purchased a manufacturing and assembly warehouse and office space addressed at 2311 E. Locust St, Ontario, CA, 91761. The property consists of an industrial type, two-story building, with a total building area of 30,740 square feet. 10,000 square feet will be utilized for office space; and 20,000 square feet for warehouse space that will require particularized custom fixtures that we will need to install. The property includes 58 parking spaces. The purchase price for the property was approximately $4.52 million dollars.

Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings, and we are not aware of any pending or potential legal actions.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable to our Company.

PART II

Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Market Information

On September 23, 2014, our common stock was verified for trading on OTCQB under the trading symbol FCUV. Prior to that time, there was no public market for our stock. The following table sets forth for the indicated periods the high and low intra-day sales price per share for our common stock on the OTCQB for the four quarters of 2017 and for the four quarters of 2018.

Holders.

As of March 8, 2019, there were 408 record holders (including our directors) of 40,907,010 shares of the Company’s common stock. At December 31, 2019, there were 408 record holders (including our directors) of 40,907,010 shares of the Company’s common stock.

Dividends.

The Company has not paid any cash dividends to date and does not anticipate or contemplate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. It is the present intention of management to utilize all available funds for the development of the Company’s business.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

None.

Recent sales of unregistered securities.

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

We did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the year ended December 31, 2018, 2017, 2016 the nine months ended December 31, 2015, the year ended March 31, 2015, 2014 or the period from December 4, 2012 (inception) to March 31, 2013.

Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and notes thereto included herein. In connection with, and because we desire to take advantage of, the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, we caution readers regarding certain forward-looking statements in the following discussion and elsewhere in this report and in any other statement made by, or on our behalf, whether or not in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements are statements not based on historical information and which relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control and many of which, with respect to future business decisions, are subject to change. These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or our behalf. We disclaim any obligation to update forward-looking statements.

Narrative Description of the Business  

Focus Universal Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) currently conducts business as a handheld sensor systems and filters wholesaler to distribution platforms. We are working on developing a universal sensor node and gateway system that uses the data processing capabilities of a smartphone to display readings of multiple probe modules. We are also researching the development of an anti-counterfeit authentication technology that we believe could address the problem of counterfeit production by attempting to authenticate consumer goods.

Through a merger with Perfecular Inc., we strategically expanded our business to the research, development, assembly, and marketing of high-tech electronic devices. We realized that Internet marketing would not be sufficient to generate sales of our products, particularly the Ubiquitor product. We are going to focus on all types of marketing, particularly marketing directly to established consumer distributions retailers. For this reason, during the first quarter of 2016 we decided to emphasize our sales of handheld sensors and air filters and discontinue our marketing and advertising business segment. Through the development and creation of our Ubiquitor device, we anticipate that sales and marketing involved with bringing this product to market will require us to hire a number of new employees in order to gain traction in the market as well as continue to expand such sales of our existing sensor and air filter products.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2018 and the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we generated significant amount of revenue from sales of a broad selection of agricultural sensors and measurement equipment which was the primary business for Perfecular and is now our primary business.

Our current products include: 

Scientific Instrument Research, Development and Sales 

Engineers and scientists use instrumentation to observe, understand, and manage real-world data and phenomena, events, and processes related to their industries or areas of expertise. Instrumentation systems that we are researching and developing measure and control electrical signals, such as voltage, current and power, as well as temperature, pressure, speed, flow, volume, torque, light sensing, and vibration for example. Common general-purpose instruments in our market segment include, for example, voltmeters, signal generators, oscilloscopes, data loggers, spectrum analyzers, cameras, and temperature and pressure monitors and controllers. Systems that perform measurement and control can be generally categorized as test, measurement, and embedded systems. 

A New Approach to Measurement and Sensing

We offer a different approach than what is currently on the market because we are attempting to establish a demand for devices that link handheld devices and sensors with common smartphone computing power through an application on the smartphone in both iOS and Android devices. Tapping into the computing power of a smartphone enables a measurement device to increase its capabilities.

We also offer an array of traditional handheld measurement and control meters through our wholesale distribution platform.

Filter and Handheld Meter Wholesaler

We are a wholesaler of various filtration products and digital meters. We source our products from manufacturers in China and then sell to a major U.S. distributor who resells our products directly to consumers through retail distribution channels. Specifically, we sell the following products:

Fan Speed Adjuster device. We provide a fan speed adjuster device to retailers and distributors. Designed specifically for centrifugal fans with brushless motors, our adjuster device helps ensure longer life by preventing damage to fan motors by adjusting the speed of centrifugal fans without causing the motor to hum. These devices are rated for 350 watts max, have 120VAC voltage capacity and feature an internal, electronic auto-resetting circuit breaker.

Carbon filter devices. We also sell two types of carbon filter devices to distributors. These Carbon filter devices are professional grade filters specifically designed and used to filter air in greenhouses that might be polluted by fermenting organics. One of these filters can be attached to a centrifugal fan to scrub the air in a constant circle or can be attached to an exhaust line as a single pass filter, which moves air out of the growing area and filters unwanted odors and removes pollens, dust, and other debris in the air. The other filter is designed to be used with fans from 0-6000 C.F.M.

HEPA filtration device. We provide an organic air high efficiency particulate arrestance (“HEPA”) filtration device at wholesale prices to distributors and retailers. Manufactured, tested, certified, and labeled in accordance with current HEPA filter standards, this device is targeted towards greenhouses and grow rooms and designed to keep insects, bacteria, and mold out of grow rooms. We sell these devices in various sizes.

Digital light meter. We provide a handheld digital light meter that is used to measure luminance in fc units, or foot-candles. The meter we sell is designed to be full cosine corrected for the angular incidence of light (meaning if you are not holding the sensor perpendicular to the light source, the sensor will still read the light correctly). The meter has a built-in low battery indicator and is designed to accurately measure to 40,000 FC.

Quantum par meter. We provide a handheld quantum par meter used to measure photosynthetically active radiation (“PAR”). This fully portable handheld PAR meter is designed to measure PAR flux in wavelengths ranging from 400 to 700 nm. It is designed to measure up to 10,000 umol.

Ubiquitor Wireless Universal Sensor Device

We have fully researched and developed a device we call the “Ubiquitor,” which is a handheld fully modular system with a universal sensor node and gateway system that uses a smartphone as the output display module that displays the readings of various probe modules. We have completed an initial production run of 1,000 devices and intend to develop this into full-scale production as soon as possible. The Ubiquitor is a wireless sensor device that combines measuring tools with smartphone technology to quickly deliver sensor node data on desktop and mobile phone screens. The Ubiquitor’s sensor analytics system will integrate event-monitoring, storage and analytics software in a cohesive package that we hope will provide a holistic view of sensor data it is reading.

After sending our circuit boards to China for soldering at an unaffiliated manufacturing facility, we assembled the initial production run at our facility located in the City of Industry. This initial production run will allow us to show large distributors and consumers the capabilities of the Ubiquitor which we hope will generate demand.

The physical hardware consists of:

This device is intended to connect up to 2,500 sensor instruments, and integrate data using embedded software to display the data and all analytics onto a digital screen (desktop or mobile displays) using multiple types of wireless connections (i.e., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3G and 4G). Most types of probes can connect to the hardware. If the sensor size is bigger than the standard probe size, it is possible to simply use a USB cable to connect the probe and the hub. All data and analytics are displayed on a single screen, with tools that record and keep track of all measurements, and sort and display analytic information in easy to read charts.

The Ubiquitor is a general platform that collects data in real time, up to 100hz per second, and thus is intended to be adapted to many industrial uses.

The Ubiquitor is a multipurpose wireless intelligent sensor device that will be intended to achieve universal compatibility. Currently, the Ubiquitor device could simultaneously accommodate more than 256 different types of sensor heads. Users could use their smartphones to simultaneously operate and monitor over 256 kinds of sensor readings. With Perfecular’s technology, users only need to obtain the sensor heads, facilitating ease and convenience of use. Using a smartphone, users can collect and analyze data in real time. We have not yet started research and development of a second generation Ubiquitor device, but once we demonstrate the market for this product intend to begin such research and development. Currently our research and development is focused on concepts we can implement in the current generation Ubiquitor device.

Intellectual Property Protection

On November 4, 2016 we filed a U.S. patent application number 15/344,041 with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. We hope this full patent application protects the Ubiquitor universal sensor device. On March 5, 2018, we issued a press release announcing that the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has issued an Issue Notification for U.S. Patent Application No. 9924295 entitled “Universal Smart Device,” which covers a patent application regarding the Company’s Universal Smart Device. 

Pursuant to recent research and development efforts, we recently received an issue notification from the USPTO for an application filed on June 2, 2017 that is a process for improving a spectral response curve of a photo sensor. The small and cost-effective multicolor sensor and its related software protected by the potential patent we believe could achieve a spectral response that approximates an ideal photo response to measure optical measurement. The patent was issued on February 26, 2019.

In addition, we have been awarded a notice of allowance for a patent from the USPTO for a patent application we filed on March 12, 2018 as application No. 15/925,400. The patent title is a “Universal Smart Device” which is a universal smart instrument that unifies heterogeneous measurement probes into a single device that can analyze, publish, and share the data analyzed. The issue fee must be paid no later than May 12, 2019.

Competitors

There are several competitors we have identified in the wireless sensor node industry, including traditional instruments or devices manufacturers such as Hanna Instruments or Extech Instruments.

Hach developed and launched SC1000 Multi-parameter Universal Controller, a probe module for connecting up to 8 SC sensors and their products are not compatible with smart phones yet and we believe their price-point is still prohibitive to consumers.

Monnit Corporation offers a range of wireless or remote sensors. Many of Monnit’s products are web-based wireless sensors usually are not portable because of the power consumption. Also, the sensors real-time updates are slow and we believe security of the web-based sensor data acquisition also may be a concern. In addition to purchasing the device, consumers usually have to pay monthly fee for using web-based services.

We are not trying to compete with traditional instruments or device manufacturers because we utilize our Ubiquitor universal smart device in conjunction with our generic instrument’s smartphone application, which we believe will be a completely different product category.

Market Potential

We believe that wireless universal smart technology will play a critical role for traditional instrument manufacturers, as it is too expensive and difficult to develop for medium or smaller companies. The cost factor is the first consideration when deciding whether a company wants to develop smart wireless technologies and implement them in their products or use them in their field testing. We also hope to play a role in academic laboratories, particularly with smaller academic laboratories who are sensitive to price.

Results of Operations

For the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to the year ended December 31, 2017

Revenue, cost of sales and gross profit

Our consolidated gross revenue for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $308,129 and $898,084, respectively, which included revenue form related party of $22,200 and $6,571, respectively. Our cost of consolidated cost of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $137,897 and $726,252, respectively, resulting in a gross profit of $170,232 and $171,832 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Operating Costs and Expenses

The major components of our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are outlined in the table below:

Officer compensation was $120,000 for years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Research and development was $221,510 and $208,238 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Professional fees increased from $107,899 during the year ended December 31, 2017 to $960,846 during the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $852,947. The increase of professional fees mainly resulted legal, accounting and consulting expenses incurred related to the private offering, SEC filings, and preparing for a listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

General and administrative expenses of $451,597 incurred during the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily consisted of market fee of $175,983, salaries of $140,209, insurance expenses of $45,706, and depreciation expense of $27,993. General and administrative expenses of $256,225 incurred during the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily consisted of salaries of $147,182, and office rent of $51,117. The increase was mainly due to increased marketing fee, insurance expenses, and depreciation expenses.

Net Losses

During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we incurred net losses of $2,024,664 and $626,361 respectively, due to the factors discussed above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Working Capital

Cash Flows

The table below, for the periods indicated, provides selected cash flow information:

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our net cash outflows from operating activities of $1,411,703 for the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily the result of our net loss of $2,024,665, and changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Our net cash outflows from operating activities of $445,673 for the year ended December 31, 2017, was primarily the result of our net loss of $626,361 and changes in our operating assets and liabilities.

We expect that cash flows from operating activities may fluctuate in future periods as a result of a number of factors, including fluctuations in our net revenues and operating results, utilization of new revenue streams, collection of accounts receivable, and timing of billings and payments.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

The Company purchased a warehouse in September of 2018 and had some additional improvement on the building, resulting a cash outflow from investment activities of $4,599,792. The Company did not incur any cash flow from investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Our net cash inflows from financing activities of $10,072,848 for the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily from sale of common stocks through private placement. Our net cash inflows from financing activities of $500,000 for the year ended December 31, 2017 was from the issuance of a convertible promissory note.

Going concern

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the Company will continue to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders, the ability of the Company to repay its debt obligations, to obtain necessary equity financing to continue operations, and the attainment of profitable operations. Recently, the Company has devoted a substantial amount of resources to research and development to bring the Ubiquitor and its mobile application to full production and distribution. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company had net loss of $2,024,664 and negative cash flow from operating activities of $1,411,703. As of December 31, 2018, the Company also had an accumulated deficit of $4,003,458. These factors raise certain doubts regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. There are no assurances, however, that the Company will be successful in obtaining an adequate level of financing for the long-term development and commercialization of its Ubiquitor product.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2018, we did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation SK.

Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018, AND 2017

Index to the Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the shareholders and the board of directors of Focus Universal, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Focus Universal, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related statement of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 9 to the financial statements, the Company’s significant operating losses raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

/s BF Borgers CPA PC

BF Borgers CPA PC

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017

Lakewood, CO

March 8, 2019

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 and 2017

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

Note 1 – Organization and Operations

Focus Universal Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on December 4, 2012 (“Inception”). We are a universal smart instrument developer and manufacturer, headquartered in the Los Angeles, California metropolitan area, specializing in the development and commercialization of the novel and proprietary universal smart technologies and instruments. Universal smart technology is an innovative, commercial, off-the-shelf technology with an innovative soft hardware integrated platform. Our platform provides a unique and universal wireless solution for embedded design, industrial control, test and measurement. Our smart technology software utilizes a smartphone, computer, or a mobile device as a platform and display that communicates and works in tandem with a group of external sensors and probes manufactured by different vendors in a manner that requires the user to have little or no knowledge of their unique characteristics. Our universal smart instrument (the “Ubiquitor”) consists of a reusable foundation component which includes a wireless gateway (which allows the instrument to connect to the smartphone via Bluetooth and wifi technology), a universal smart application software (our “Application”) which is installed on the user’s smartphone allowing the sensor readouts to be monitored on the smartphone screen. The Ubiquitor also connects to a variety of individual scientific sensors that collect unique data points, from moisture, light, and airflow to other things like electricity voltage meters and a wide variety of applications. These data points are then sent wirelessly to the smartphone and the data is organized on the smartphone screen. The smartphone, foundation, and sensor readouts together perform the functions of many traditional scientific and engineering instruments and are intended to replace the traditional, wired stand-alone instruments at a fraction of their cost.

The Company and Perfecular were entities under common control; therefore, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805-50-45, the acquisition of Perfecular was accounted for as a business combination between entities under common control and treated similar to a pooling of interest transaction.

Perfecular Inc. was founded in September 2009 and is headquartered in Walnut, California, and is engaged in designing certain digital sensor products and sells a broad selection of horticultural sensors and filters in North America and Europe.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Focus Universal Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Perfecular Inc. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Segment Reporting

The Company currently has one operating segment. In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280’), the Company considers operating segments to be components of the Company’s business for which separate financial information is available that evaluated regularly by the Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Management reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocation resources and evaluating financial performance. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has a single operating and reportable segment.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. At times, such investments may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limit. There were no cash equivalents held by the Company at December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company limits its exposure to credit loss by investing its cash with high credit quality financial institutions.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company follows paragraph ASC 825-10-50-10 for disclosures about fair value of its financial instruments and paragraph ASC 820- 10-35-37 (“Paragraph 820-10-35-37”) to measure the fair value of its financial instruments. Paragraph 820-10-35-37 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures, Paragraph 820-10-35-37 establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three (3) broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three (3) levels of fair value hierarchy defined by Paragraph 820-10-35-37 are described below:

Financial assets are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.

The carrying amount of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalent, prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.

Transactions involving related parties cannot be presumed to be carried out on an arm’s-length basis, as the requisite conditions of competitive, free-market dealings may not exist. Representations about transactions with related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s-length transactions unless such representations can be substantiated.

It is not however practical to determine the fair value of advances from stockholders, if any, due to their related party nature.

Inventory

Inventory is valued at the lower of the inventory’s cost or net realizable value under the first-in-first-out method. Management compares the cost of inventory with its market value and an allowance is made to write down inventory to market value, if lower. Inventory allowances are recorded for obsolete or slow-moving inventory based on assumptions about future demand and marketability of products, the impact of new product introductions and specific identification of items, such as discontinued products. These estimates could vary significantly from actual requirements if future economic conditions, customer inventory levels or competitive conditions differ from expectations. The Company regularly reviews the value of inventory based on historical usage and estimated future usage. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, inventory reserve amounted to $53,501 and $27,067, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives range from three to thirty-nine years on all categories of depreciable assets. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are removed from the respective accounts and any gain or loss is included in earnings. Maintenance and repairs are expensed currently. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Long-term assets of the Company are reviewed when circumstances warrant as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Company considers assets to be impaired if the carrying value exceeds the future projected cash flows from related operations. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of amortization to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.

Revenue Recognition

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with our Customer, using the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of the new revenue standards as of January 1, 2018 did not change the Company’s revenue recognition as the majority of its revenues continue to be recognized when the customer takes control of its product. As the Company did not identify any accounting changes that impacted the amount of reported revenues with respect to its product revenues, no adjustment to retained earnings was required upon adoption.

In general, the Company’s performance obligation is to transfer it products to its distributors. Revenues from product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s products, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon delivery to the customer.

The Company’s revenue mainly generates from sale of sensor products, horticultural sensors and filters, such as light meters. The Company evaluated its product sales contracts and determined that those contracts are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Performance obligation is satisfied when the finished goods product delivered to consumers who buy from our customer Hydrofarm. 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts equal to the estimated uncollectible amounts. The Company’s estimate is based on historical collection experience and a review of the current status of trade accounts receivable. It is reasonably possible that the Company’s estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts will change. Management evaluated that there was no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 based on collection history.

Research and development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs primarily consist of efforts to refine existing product models and develop new product models.

Related Parties

The Company follows ASC 850-10 for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. Pursuant to ASC 850-10-20 the related parties include: a) affiliates of the Company; b) entities for which investments in their equity securities would be required, absent the election of the fair value option under the Fair Value Option Subsection of ASC 825–10–15, to be accounted for by the equity method by the investing entity; c) trusts for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of management; d) principal owners of the Company; e) management of the Company; f) other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests; and g) other parties that can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or that have an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly Influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests.

The consolidated financial statements shall include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business. However, disclosure of transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of consolidated financial statements is not required in those statements. The disclosures shall include: (a) the nature of the relationship(s) involved; (b) a description of the transactions, including transactions to which no amounts or nominal amounts were ascribed, for each of the periods for which income statements are presented, and such other information deemed necessary to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the consolidated financial statements; (c) the dollar amounts of transactions for each of the periods for which income statements are presented and the effects of any change in the method of establishing the terms from that used in the preceding period; and (d) amounts due from or to related parties as of the date of each balance sheet presented and, if not otherwise apparent, the terms and manner of settlement.

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company follows ASC 450-20 to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the consolidated financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows.

Stock Based Compensation

The Company accounts for employee and non-employee stock awards under ASC 718, whereby equity instruments issued to employees for services are recorded based on the fair value of the instrument issued and those issued to non-employees are recorded based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument, whichever is more reliably measurable.

There were no outstanding stock options as of and December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Income Tax Provision

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in recognizing certain income, expense and credit items for financial reporting purposes and tax reporting purposes. Such deferred income taxes primarily relate to the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. There was no material deferred tax asset or liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017.

As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company did not identify any material uncertain tax positions.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Net income (loss) per common share is computed pursuant to ASC 260-10-45. Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially outstanding shares of common stock during the period to reflect the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through contingent shares issuance arrangement, stock options or warrants.

There were no potentially dilutive debt or equity instruments issued and outstanding at any time during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Cash Flows Reporting

The Company adopted ASC 230-10-45-24 for cash flows reporting, classifies cash receipts and payments according to whether they stem from operating, investing, or financing activities and provides definitions of each category, and uses the indirect or reconciliation method (“Indirect method”) as defined by ASC 230-10-45-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report net cash flow from operating activities by adjusting net income to reconcile it to net cash flow from operating activities by removing the effects of (a) all deferrals of past operating cash receipts and payments and all accruals of expected future operating cash receipts and payments and (b) all items that are included in net income that do not affect operating cash receipts and payments. The Company reports the reporting currency equivalent of foreign currency cash flows, using the current exchange rate at the time of the cash flows and the effect of exchange rate changes on cash held in foreign currencies is reported as a separate item in the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of cash and cash equivalents and separately provides information about investing and financing activities not resulting in cash receipts or payments in the period pursuant to ASC 830-230-45-1.

Subsequent Events

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 855-10-50 for the disclosure of subsequent events. The Company will evaluate subsequent events through the date when the financial statements were issued. Pursuant to ASU 2010-09, the Company as an SEC filer considers its financial statements issued when they are widely distributed to users, such as through filing them on EDGAR.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Management has considered all recent accounting pronouncements issued since the last audit of the Company’s financial statements. The Company’s management believes that these recent pronouncements will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Note 3 – Property and Equipment

At December 31, 2018 and 2017, property and equipment consisted of the following:

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 amounted to $27,993 and $2,182, respectively.

Note 4 – Convertible Promissory Notes

On June 30, 2017 and July 28, 2017, the Company received $420,000 and $80,000, respectively through a series of two unsecured convertible promissory notes from the same unrelated third party (the “2017 Notes”). The 2017 Notes bear interest at 10% per annum, are due on June 30, 2020 and July 28, 2020 respectively and are unsecured. The 2017 Notes contain a provision that allows the note holder to convert the outstanding balance into shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.75 per share. The Company determined that the convertible promissory notes contain beneficial conversion features that are valued at $420,000 and $80,000 respectively; however, the amount recorded as the beneficial conversion feature is limited to the face amount of the convertible promissory note. This beneficial conversion feature of $420,000 and $80,000 has been recorded in the financial statements to additional paid-in capital and as a discount to the convertible promissory payable. The debt discounts are being amortized over the terms of the 2017 Notes. The Company recognized interest expense of $443,144 for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the these two unsecured convertible promissory notes. On June 27, 2018, the convertible holder elected the right to convert all of convertible notes to common stock at $1.75 per share.

Note 5 – Related Party Transactions

Revenue generated from Vitashower Corp., a company owned by the CEO, amounted to $22,200 and $6,571 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Account receivable balance due from Vitashower Corp. amounted to $39,625 and $564 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

On May 30, 2018, the CEO and majority shareholder of the Company lent the Company $50,000 for operation use. The loan had no interest and is due upon demand. The loan was repaid on July 12, 2018.

Compensation for services provided by the President and Chief Executive Officer for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 amounted to $120,000 and $120,000, respectively.

As of December 31, 2018, salaries earned by the CEO, Mr. Wang and his wife and not yet paid amounted to $4,921. The wife of CEO also works at the Company. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, Mrs. Wang’s salary amounted to $36,000 for each year.

Note 6 – Business Concentration and Risks

Major customers

One customer accounted for 22% and 98% of the total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Major vendors

One vendor accounted for 95% and 92% of total accounts payable at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies

On April 24, 2017, we entered into a two-year industrial/commercial lease within a larger multi-tenant industrial complex with Walnut Park Business Center, LLC. We leased a 2,800-square foot warehouse with a 1,400-square foot office space inside which will allow us to assemble our products as well as efficiently run our administrative operations in the same building. The lease commenced on May 1, 2017 and will end on April 30, 2019. We will pay $3,500 per month until May 1, 2018 when the rent will increase to $3,605 per month. The warehouse is located at 820511 East Walnut Drive North, Walnut, California. The Company purchased a warehouse in Ontario, California in September and subleased the Walnut location to a third party. The Company is no longer obligated to pay for Walnut’s lease. The sublease tenant paid $7,210 as security deposit, shown as other payable in current liability.

Total rent expense was $13,433 and $51,117 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Note 8 – Stockholders’ Equity

Shares authorized

Upon formation the total number of shares of all classes of stock which the Company is authorized to issue is seventy-five million (75,000,000) shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Common stock

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 40,907,010 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.

Note 9 – Subscription Receivable for Stock to be Issued

On June 19, 2018 the Company entered into private placement with individual investors at $1.75 per share. As of December 31, 2018, total amount of shares sold through private placement amount to 5,755,927 shares. Total subscription receivable for stock to be issued as of December 31, 2018 has been fully received.

Note 10 – Shares Issued for Compensation

The Company entered agreements with third party consultant and issued 262,691 shares for services rendered amounted to $497,377 for the year ended December 31, 2018. In addition, the Company has incurred services fee of $72,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018, which the Company will issue stock as compensation for service rendered.

Note 11 – Going Concern

In August 2014, the FASB issued ACU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. The new standard requires management to assess the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Disclosures are required if there is substantial doubt as to the company’s continuation as a going concern within one year after the issue date of financial statements. The standard provides guidance for making the assessment, including consideration of management’s plans which may alleviate doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for years ending after December 15, 2016. The Company has adopted this standard for the year ending December 31, 2018 and 2017.

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the Company will continue to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders, the ability of the Company to repay its debt obligations, to obtain necessary equity financing to continue operations, and the attainment of profitable operations. Recently, the Company has devoted a substantial amount of resources to research and development to bring the Ubiquitor and its mobile application to full production and distribution. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company had net loss of $2,024,664 and negative cash flow from operating activities of $1,411,703. As of December 31, 2018 the Company also had an accumulated deficit of $4,003,458. These factors raise certain doubts regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. There are no assurances, however, that the Company will be successful in obtaining an adequate level of financing for the long-term development and commercialization of its Ubiquitor product.

Note 12 – Subsequent Events

On January 22, 2019, the Company subleased a portion of the unused warehouse and office space to a third party. The Company subleased 16,000 square feet of warehouse and 446 square feet of office space with base rent at $12,334.50 per month and $12,334.50 security deposit. The lease is for three years commencing February 15, 2019 and monthly rent to increase $0.02 per square foot each year.

Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None. 

Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls

Our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Evaluation Date”), concluded that as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Internal Controls

Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving an entity’s disclosure objectives. The likelihood of achieving such objectives is affected by limitations inherent in disclosure controls and procedures. These include the fact that human judgment in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns in internal control can occur because of human failures such as simple errors or mistakes or intentional circumvention of the established process.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting; as such term is defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(f). Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“1992 COSO Framework”).

A material weakness is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Our management concluded we did not maintain effective controls over the Company’s financial reporting. The material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, caused principally by inadequate staffing and technical expertise in key positions, resulted in overly relying on outside consultants to make numerous adjustments to our financial statements. Additionally, the significant deficiencies or material weaknesses could result in future material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected. Management has concluded that the identified control deficiency constitutes a material weakness.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit the company to provide only management’s report on internal control in this annual report.

Background and Remediation Plan

Management has determined that its processes and procedures over accounting and financial reporting are not adequate. As a result, the Company plans to implement a number of steps to remediate the material weakness discussed above and improve its internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, the following are planned: hiring additional qualified accounting personnel; reviewing all areas of the accounting process; strengthening controls and improving the reporting tools and quality of data used in the analysis of disclosures to review activities relevant to the financial reporting process.

Management believes that the measures described above should remediate the material weakness identified and strengthen the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. As the Company continues to evaluate and improve its internal control over financial reporting, additional measures to remediate the material weakness or modifications to certain of the remediation procedures described above may be necessary. The Company expects to complete the required remedial actions during 2016.

PART III

Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The following table presents information with respect to our officers, directors and significant employees as of the date of this report:

* Appointed director on October 21, 2015

** Appointed director on December 29, 2014

*** Appointed officer on April 2, 2018

**** Appointed director on June 8, 2018

***** Appointed director on November 28, 2018

(1) Independent director

Each director serves until our next annual meeting of the stockholders or unless they resign earlier and serves until his or her successor is elected and qualified. At the present time, members of the Board of Directors are not compensated for their services to the board.

Each of our officers is elected by the Board of Directors to a term of one (1) year and serves until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until he or she is removed from office.

Biographical Information Regarding Officers and Directors

Desheng Wang

Dr. Desheng Wang was appointed as Chief Executive Officer, Secretary, and is a director as of December 29, 2014. Dr. Wang has over 20 years of professional experience in mobile technology. Dr. Wang earned his bachelor’s degree from Hebei Normal University, Physics Department in 1985. In 1988, Dr. Wang earned his master’s degree from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics at the Chinese Academy of Science in 1988. Dr. Wang earned his Ph.D. in Chemistry at Emory University in 1994. Dr. Wang served as a senior research fellow at California Institute of Technology from 1994-2011. Over the last five years, Dr. Wang has served as president of Vitashower Corporation and formerly as President of Perfecular Inc.

Edward Lee

Dr. Edward Lee was appointed President and has been a Director since October 21, 2015. Dr. Lee received his bachelor’s degree in Mathematics at Lanzhou University in 1983, received his master’s degree at University of Science and Technology of China in 1985 and earned his Ph.D. in Mathematics at University of Florida in 1991. Dr. Lee worked as an assistant professor at Tsinghua University in 1986 and National University of Singapore in 1992. Dr. Lee currently serves as CEO of AIDP and has for the past 22 years. AIDP is a leading supplier of dietary supplement ingredients, focusing on research & development and marketing and sales of proprietary ingredients like Magtein, KoACT, Predtic X, and Long Jax. Dr. Lee is also serving as the Vice President of the American Chinese Medicine Association. Dr. Lee is married to Jennifer Gu, a current director of Focus Universal.

Duncan Lee

Mr. Lee was appointed as CFO on April 2, 2018. Mr. Lee is presently a licensed Certified Public Accountant. Mr. Lee graduated in 2006 with a bachelor’s degree in Accounting from the University of Southern California and has more than 11 years of experience with public company accounting and financial reporting with the SEC. Mr. Lee worked on the audit staff of the PCAOB accounting firm of Moore Stephens Wurth Frazer and Torbet LLP and then worked as a senior associate at the PCAOB accounting firm of Simon & Edward, LLP in Diamond Bar, CA. Since 2011, Mr. Lee has worked in-house as a staff accountant at a public company called E-world USA Holding, Inc. preparing their routine securities filings, including their 10-K and 10-Q filings. In addition to working with E-World USA Holding, Inc., in the past five years, Mr. Lee has also worked as an outside consultant CPA for other public companies.

Jennifer Gu

Dr. Jennifer Gu was appointed as a director on October 21, 2015. Dr. Jennifer Gu was born in 1967 in Anhui, China. Dr. Gu earned her bachelor’s degree in Biology from University of Florida in 1990 and earned her Ph.D. in Experimental Pathology at University of California, Los Angeles in 1997. She also completed post-doctoral research at the California Institute of Technology in 2004. Dr. Gu is currently serving as the Vice President of Research & Development at AIDP. Dr. Gu is married to Edward Lee, the current president and director of Focus Universal.

Michael Pope

Michael Pope was appointed as a Director of the Company on June 8, 2018. Mr. Pope has served as President of Boxlight Corporation (Nasdaq: BOXL), a global education technology provider since July 2015. He previously served as Managing Director of Vert Capital Corp., a Los Angeles based private equity, and Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer for the Taylor Family. As a seasoned, global executive, Mr. Pope has led over 50 buy-side transactions and raised over $200 million in debt and equity financings. He brings specific experience with fundraising, investor relations, mergers and acquisitions, and corporate strategy. Mr. Pope holds an active CPA license and serves on the boards of various private and public organizations. Mr. Pope earned his undergraduate and graduate degrees in accounting from Brigham Young University.

Sheri Lofgren

Sheri Lofgren was appointed as an independent director of the Company on June 8, 2018. Ms. Lofgren has served as a financial consultant since March 2018. She served as Chief Financial Officer for Boxlight Corporation (Nasdaq: BOXL), a global education technology provider, from September 2014 to March 2018. She was Chief Financial Officer at Logical Choice Technologies, Inc., a distributor of interactive technologies to the education market, from 2005 to 2013. Ms. Lofgren is a certified public accountant with extensive experience in financial accounting and management, operational improvement, budgeting and cost control, cash management and treasury, along with broad audit experience, internal control knowledge and internal and external reporting. She started her career with KPMG and then joined Tarica and Whittemore, an Atlanta based CPA firm, as an audit manager. Ms. Lofgren is a graduate of Georgia State University where she earned a B.A. in Business Administration – Accounting.

Greg Butterfield

Greg Butterfield was appointed as an independent director of the Company on November 28, 2018. Mr. Butterfield is the founder and Managing Partner of SageCreek Partners (“SCP”) a technology commercialization and consulting firm. Prior to starting SCP Mr. Butterfield served as the CEO of Vivint Solar, a leading full-service residential solar integrator. Before Vivint, Greg was the Group President for Symantec’s Server and Storage business units, responsible for a $4 Billion sector in the business. Mr. Butterfield joined Symantec through the company’s acquisition of Altiris in April 2007. At Altiris, he served as chairman of the board, President, and CEO. After joining Altiris in February 2000, he guided the company to eight consecutive years of positive revenue growth and profitability. In Mr. Butterfield’s first year with Altiris, annual revenues were $3 million; in 2007, annual revenues exceeded $300 million. Mr. Butterfield is widely credited as the driving force behind eleven acquisitions and navigated the company through a successful IPO in 2002 in spite of a notable economic downturn in the technology sector. The IPO was followed in August of 2003 with a successful secondary offering. Mr. Butterfield was invited to the 2006 World Economic Forum as a Technology Pioneer. He was also the winner of the 2002 Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the Year award and served as the chairman of the board of the Utah Information Technology Association from 2003 to 2005. Mr. Butterfield received a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (finance emphasis) from Brigham Young University.

Carine Clark

Carine Clark was appointed as an independent Director of the Company on June 8, 2018. Ms. Clark is a talented executive serving as president and CEO of four high-growth tech companies, specializing in helping companies scale from $10 million to $100 million or more. Since 2017 she has served as an Executive Board Member of the Utah Governor’s Office of Economic Development and Silicon Slopes, a non-profit helping Utah’s tech community thrive. Prior to that, Ms. Clark served from January 2015 to December 2016 as the President and CEO of MartizCX. From December 2012 to December 2016 Ms. Clark served as the President and CEO of Allegiance, Inc. Her reputation as a data-driven marketing executive at Novell for 14 years, Altiris for five years, and Symantec for more than 10 years. She has received numerous awards including the EY Entrepreneur of The Year® Award in the Utah Region and Utah Business Magazine’s CEO of the Year. Clark earned a bachelor’s degree in organizational communications and an MBA from Brigham Young University.

Item 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation of Officers 

The following summary compensation table sets forth information concerning compensation for services rendered in all capacities during 2018, and 2017 awarded to, earned by or paid to our executive officers.

Summary Compensation Table

Narrative Disclosure Requirement for Summary Compensation Table

Compensation

We have not provided our named executive officers with perquisites or other personal benefits. As of year-end December 31, 2017, and 2016, only Dr. Wang has informally entered into compensation arrangements pursuant to services provided. As of December 31, 2018, no other officer or director has formally entered into any compensation arrangement for services provided under consulting agreements or employment agreements.

Retirement, Resignation or Termination Plans

We sponsor no plan, whether written or verbal, that would provide compensation or benefits of any type to an executive upon retirement, or any plan that would provide payment for retirement, resignation, or termination as a result of a change in control of our company or as a result of a change in the responsibilities of an executive following a change in control of our company.

Directors’ Compensation

The persons who served as members of our Board of Directors, including executive officers, did not receive any compensation for services as directors for 2017, 2016, or 2015.

For our independent directors, Mr. Michael Pope received $5,000 cash compensation for 2018. Ms. Sheri Lofgren received $18,750 cash compensation for 2018. Mr. Sean Warren received $15,000 cash compensation for 2018 for serving as a director. Ms. Carrie Clark received $5,000 cash compensation for 2018. Mr. Greg Butterfield $5,000 cash compensation for 2018. All directors are yet to be issued 15,000 options per person at the end of 2018 pursuant to our 2018 Stock Option Plan  and will vest over a period of one year. Our 2018 Stock Option Plan is currently being drafted and has not been finalized.

Option Exercises and Stock Vested

Previously we did not have a stock option plan in place; therefore, there were no options issued, outstanding, exercised, or stock issued or vested as compensation during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015.

Pension Benefits and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation

The Company does not maintain any qualified retirement plans or non-nonqualified deferred compensation plans for its employees or directors.

Executive Officer Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table provides certain information concerning any common share purchase options, stock awards or equity incentive plan awards held by each of our named executive officers that were outstanding as of December 31, 2018.

Item 12.   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The following table sets forth certain information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of December 31, 2018: (i) by each of our directors, (ii) by each of the Named Executive Officers, (iii) by all of our executive officers and directors as a group, and (iv) by each person or entity known by us to beneficially own more than five percent (5%) of any class of our outstanding shares. As of December 31, 2018, there were 40,907,010 shares of our common stock outstanding:

(1) Applicable percentage of ownership is based on 40,907,010 shares of common stock outstanding on December 31, 2018.

Percentage ownership is determined based on shares owned together with securities exercisable or convertible into shares of common stock within 60 days of December 31, 2017, for each stockholder. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Shares of common stock subject to securities exercisable or convertible into shares of common stock that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2017, are deemed to be beneficially owned by the person holding such securities for the purpose of computing the percentage of ownership of such person, but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Our common stock is our only issued and outstanding class of securities eligible to vote.

As of December 31, 2018 there were 22,690,000 shares of common stock outstanding owned by our officers and directors.

Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Consulting services provided by the President, Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:

Advances to (from) related party

Prior to the merger, the Company granted advances to or from Perfecular Inc. from time to time, and the advances are non-interest bearing. Total advances from Perfecular amounted to $12,448 as of March 31, 2015. The entire balance was paid off in January, 2016.

Loan from stockholders

On February 25, 2015, the Company borrowed $100,000 from a stockholder for working capital. The loan bears an interest rate of 5% annually. The loan is unsecured and is due on demand. The outstanding balance was $100,000 at March 31, 2015, with accrued interest payable of $479 as of March 31, 2015. The entire balance plus accrued interest was paid off in October, 2015.

Loan from related party

On February 1, 2015, the Company borrowed $20,000 from Perfecular. This loan is a demand loan payable upon the demand of the lender. The interest rate will accrue at 0.48% per annum and is unsecured. The outstanding balance for this loan was $20,000 and $0 at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The entire balance plus accrued interest was paid off in June, 2016.

Our management is involved in other business activities and may, in the future become involved in other business opportunities. If a specific business opportunity becomes available, such persons may face a conflict in selecting between our business and their other business interests. In the event that a conflict of interest arises at a meeting of our directors, a director who has such a conflict will disclose her interest in a proposed transaction and will abstain from voting for or against the approval of such transaction.

Director Independence

A director is not considered to be independent if he or she is also an executive officer or employee of the corporation. Our director, Edward Lee, is also our President; our director Desheng Wang is also our Chief Executive Officer. The rest of our directors are considered to be independent directors

Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

During the year ended March 31, 2015, 2014, and the period from December 4, 2012 (Inception) to March 31, 2013, we engaged Cutler & Co, LLC, as our independent auditor. On October 20, 2015, we changed our independent auditor to DYH & Company. On April 16, 2017, we changed our independent auditor to BF Borgers & Co. For the years ended December 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017. For these periods, we incurred fees as discussed below:

Audit fees consist of fees related to professional services rendered in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements and review of our quarterly financial statements. Tax fees represent fees related to preparation of our corporation income tax returns. Our policy is to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services performed by the independent accountants. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services.

PART IV

Item 15. EXHIBITS

* Filed herewith.

** XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.

Item 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: March 8, 2019

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of Focus Universal Inc. and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.