FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. - Quarter Report: 2019 March (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly period ended March 31, 2019

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File No. 333-193087

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

(Exact Name of Small Business Issuer as specified in its charter)

(626) 272-3883

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes o  No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes o    No x

As of May 15, 2019, registrant had outstanding 40,959,741 shares of the registrant's common stock at a par value of $0.001 per share.  

FORM 10-Q

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

References in this document to "us," "we," or "Company" refer to FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Index to the Financial Statements

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2019 AND 2018

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements 

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements 

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2019 AND 2018

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

FOCUS UNIVERSAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization and Operations

Focus Universal Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on December 4, 2012 (“Inception”). We are a universal smart instrument developer and manufacturer, headquartered in the Los Angeles, California metropolitan area, specializing in the development and commercialization of the novel and proprietary universal smart technologies and instruments. Universal smart technology is an innovative, commercial, off-the-shelf technology with an innovative soft hardware integrated platform. Our platform provides a unique and universal wireless solution for embedded design, industrial control, test and measurement. Our smart technology software utilizes a smartphone, computer, or a mobile device as a platform and display that communicates and works in tandem with a group of external sensors and probes manufactured by different vendors in a manner that requires the user to have little or no knowledge of their unique characteristics. Our universal smart instrument (the “Ubiquitor”) consists of a reusable foundation component which includes a wireless gateway (which allows the instrument to connect to the smartphone via Bluetooth and wifi technology), a universal smart application software (our “Application”) which is installed on the user’s smartphone allowing the sensor readouts to be monitored on the smartphone screen. The Ubiquitor also connects to a variety of individual scientific sensors that collect unique data points, from moisture, light, and airflow to other things like electricity voltage meters and a wide variety of applications. These data points are then sent wirelessly to the smartphone and the data is organized on the smartphone screen. The smartphone, foundation, and sensor readouts together perform the functions of many traditional scientific and engineering instruments and are intended to replace the traditional, wired stand-alone instruments at a fraction of their cost.

The Company and Perfecular were entities under common control; therefore, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805-50-45, the acquisition of Perfecular was accounted for as a business combination between entities under common control and treated similar to a pooling of interest transaction.

Perfecular Inc. was founded in September 2009 and is headquartered in Walnut, California, and is engaged in designing certain digital sensor products and sells a broad selection of horticultural sensors and filters in North America and Europe.

On March 15, 2019, Focus Universal Inc. entered into a stock purchase agreement with AVX Design & Integration, Inc. whereby the Company purchased 100% of the outstanding stock of AVX Design & Integration, Inc.

AVX Design & Integration, Inc. was incorporated on June 16, 2000 in the state of California. The Company is an internet of things installation and management company that specializes in high performance, easy to use audio/video, home theater, lighting control, automation and integration. Services include full integration of houses, apartment, commercial complex, office with audio, visual and control systems to fully integrate devices in the low voltage field. The Company’s services also include partial equipment upgrade and installation.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Focus Universal Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Perfecular Inc. and AVX Design & Integration, Inc. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Segment Reporting

The Company currently has two operating segments. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280’), the Company considers operating segments to be components of the Company’s business for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Management reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis to determine resource allocation and evaluate financial performance. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has two operating and reportable segments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. At times, such investments may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limit. There were no cash equivalents held by the Company as at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company limits its exposure to credit loss by investing its cash with high credit quality financial institutions.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company follows ASC 825-10-50-10 for disclosures about fair value of its financial instruments and ASC 820-10-35-37”) to measure the fair value of its financial instruments. ASC 820-10-35-37 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures, ASC 820-10-35-37 establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three (3) broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three (3) levels of fair value hierarchy defined by ASC 820-10-35-37 are described below:

Financial assets are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.

The carrying amount of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalent, prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.

Transactions involving related parties cannot be presumed to be carried out on an arm's-length basis, as the requisite conditions of competitive, free-market dealings may not exist. Representations about transactions with related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm's-length transactions unless such representations can be substantiated.

It is not however practical to determine the fair value of advances from stockholders, if any, due to their related party nature.

Inventory

Inventory is valued at the lower of the inventory’s cost or net realizable value under the first-in-first-out method. Management compares the cost of inventory with its market value and an allowance is made to write down inventory to market value, if lower. Inventory allowances are recorded for obsolete or slow-moving inventory based on assumptions about future demand and marketability of products, the impact of new product introductions and specific identification of items, such as discontinued products. These estimates could vary significantly from actual requirements if future economic conditions, customer inventory levels or competitive conditions differ from expectations. The Company regularly reviews the value of inventory based on historical usage and estimated future usage. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, inventory reserve amounted to $64,966 and $40,974, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives range from three to thirty-nine years on all categories of depreciable assets. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are removed from the respective accounts and any gain or loss is included in earnings. Maintenance and repairs are currently expensed. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Long-term assets of the Company are reviewed when circumstances warrant as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Company considers assets to be impaired if the carrying value exceeds the future projected cash flows from related operations. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of amortization to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the underlying book value of the net assets of the businesses that were acquired. Under accounting requirements, goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. The Company recorded goodwill of $307,572 related to its acquisition of AVX Design & Integration, Inc. At March 31, 2019, the Company determined that the goodwill associated with the acquisition of AVX Design & Integration, Inc. was not impaired.

Revenue Recognition

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of the new revenue standards as of January 1, 2018 did not change the Company’s revenue recognition as the majority of its revenues continue to be recognized when the customer takes control of its product. As the Company did not identify any accounting changes that impacted the amount of reported revenues with respect to its product revenues, and therefore no adjustment to retained earnings was required upon adoption.

In general, the Company’s performance obligation is to transfer its products to its distributors. Revenues from product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s products, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon delivery to the customer.

The Company's revenue is generated mainly from the sale of sensor products, and horticultural sensors and filters, such as light meters. The Company evaluated its product sales contracts and determined that those contracts are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. A performance obligation is satisfied when the finished product is delivered to the customers.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold represents the cost of the devices sold through wholesale channel for the three months ended March 31, 2018. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 cost of goods sold also included smart home devices and labor for the installation from the newly acquired AVX Design & Integration, Inc.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts equal to the estimated uncollectible amounts. The Company's estimate is based on historical collection experience and a review of the current status of trade accounts receivable. It is reasonably possible that the Company's estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts will change. Management determined that there was no allowance for doubtful accounts at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 based on collection history.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs primarily consist of efforts to refine existing product models and develop new product models.

Related Parties

The Company follows ASC 850-10 for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. Pursuant to ASC 850-10-20 the related parties include: a) affiliates of the Company; b) entities for which investments in their equity securities would be required, absent the election of the fair value option under the Fair Value Option Subsection of ASC 825–10–15, to be accounted for by the equity method by the investing entity; c) trusts for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of management; d) principal owners of the Company; e) management of the Company; f) other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests; and g) other parties that can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or that have an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests.

The consolidated financial statements shall include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business. However, disclosure of transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of consolidated financial statements are not required in those statements. The disclosures shall include: (a) the nature of the relationship(s) involved; (b) a description of the transactions, including transactions to which no amounts or nominal amounts were ascribed, for each of the periods for which income statements are presented, and such other information deemed necessary to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the consolidated financial statements; (c) the dollar amounts of transactions for each of the periods for which income statements are presented and the effect of any change in the method of establishing the terms from that used in the preceding period; and (d) amounts due from or to related parties as of the date of each balance sheet presented and, if not otherwise apparent, the terms and manner of settlement.

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company follows ASC 450-20 to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the consolidated financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows.

Stock Based Compensation

The Company accounts for employee and non-employee stock awards under ASC 718, whereby equity instruments issued to employees for services are recorded based on the fair value of the instrument issued and those issued to non-employees are recorded based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument, whichever is more reliably measurable.

There were no outstanding stock options as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Income Tax Provision

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in recognizing certain income, expense and credit items for financial reporting purposes and tax reporting purposes. Such deferred income taxes primarily relate to the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. There was no material deferred tax asset or liabilities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not identify any material uncertain tax positions.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Net income (loss) per common share is computed pursuant to ASC 260-10-45. Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially outstanding shares of common stock during the period to reflect the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through contingent shares issuance arrangement, stock options or warrants.

There were no potentially dilutive debt or equity instruments issued and outstanding at any time during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Cash Flows Reporting

The Company adopted ASC 230-10-45-24 for cash flows reporting, which classifies cash receipts and payments according to whether they stem from operating, investing, or financing activities and provides definitions of each category, and uses the indirect or reconciliation method (“Indirect method”) as defined by ASC 230-10-45-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report net cash flow from operating activities by adjusting net income to reconcile it to net cash flow from operating activities by removing the effects of (a) all deferrals of past operating cash receipts and payments and all accruals of expected future operating cash receipts and payments and (b) all items that are included in net income that do not affect operating cash receipts and payments. The Company reports the reporting currency equivalent of foreign currency cash flows, using the current exchange rate at the time of the cash flows and the effect of exchange rate changes on cash held in foreign currencies is reported as a separate item in the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of cash and cash equivalents and separately provides information about investing and financing activities not resulting in cash receipts or payments during the period pursuant to ASC 830-230-45-1.

Subsequent Events

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 855-10-50 for the disclosure of subsequent events. The Company will evaluate subsequent events through the date when the financial statements were issued. Pursuant to Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) ASU 2010-09, the Company as an SEC filer considers its financial statements issued when they are widely distributed to users, such as through EDGAR filings.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Management has considered all recent accounting pronouncements issued since the last audit of the Company’s financial statements. The Company’s management believes that these recent pronouncements will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Recently Adopted Standards

In 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)”. This ASU and subsequently issued amendments require leases with durations greater than 12 months to be recognized on the balance sheet. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the new standard in the first quarter of 2019.

Note 3 – Recent Accounting Pronouncement

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“Topic 842”), which requires lessees to recognize leases on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; ASU 2018-11, Targeted Improvements; and ASU 2019-01, Codification Improvements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (“ROU”) that requires a lessee to recognize an ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases are classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the statement of income.

The new standard was effective for the Company on January 1, 2019. A modified retrospective transition approach is required, applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. An entity may choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as its date of initial application. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2019 and used the effective date as its date of initial application. Consequently, prior period financial information has not been recast and the disclosures required under the new standard have not been provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2019.

The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. The Company elected the “package of practical expedients”, which permits it not to reassess under the new standard its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company did not elect the use-of-hindsight or the practical expedient pertaining to land easements, the latter not being applicable to the Company. The new standard also provides practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing accounting. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, it has not recognized ROU assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition. The Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of its leases.

The Company believes the most significant effects of the adoption of this standard relate to (1) the recognition of new ROU assets and lease liabilities on its condensed consolidated balance sheet for its office operating leases and (2) providing new disclosures about its leasing activities. There was no change in the Company’s leasing activities as a result of the adoption.

Note 4 – Property and Equipment

At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, property and equipment consisted of the following:

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $32,925 and $545, respectively.

Note 5 – Convertible Promissory Notes

On June 30, 2017 and July 28, 2017, the Company received $420,000 and $80,000, respectively through a series of two unsecured convertible promissory notes from the same unrelated third party (the “2017 Notes”). The unsecured 2017 Notes bear interest at 10% per annum, and are due on June 30, 2020 and July 28, 2020, respectively. The 2017 Notes contain a provision that allows the note holder to convert the outstanding balance into shares of the Company's common stock at $1.75 per share. The Company determined that the convertible promissory notes contain beneficial conversion features that are valued at $420,000 and $80,000 respectively; however, the amount recorded as the beneficial conversion feature is limited to the face amount of the convertible promissory note. This beneficial conversion feature of $420,000 and $80,000 has been recorded in the financial statements to additional paid-in capital and as a discount to the convertible promissory payable. The debt discounts are being amortized over the terms of the 2017 Notes. The Company recognized interest expense of $443,144 for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to these two unsecured convertible promissory notes. On June 27, 2018, the convertible holder elected the right to convert all of convertible notes to common stock at $1.75 per share.

Note 6 – Promissory Note

On March 15, 2019, when the Company purchased AVX Design & Integration, Inc. the Company agreed to pay the predecessor owner with a promissory note as one of the forms of consideration. The note was for $50,000 with a fixed interest rate of 6% per annum payable in 12 equal monthly payments commencing on June 1^st, 2019 with interest calculated from the initial payment date through the date in which all amount due under the note is paid off. As of March 31, 2019 balance of the promissory note was $50,000 and no interest incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Note 7 – Related Party Transactions

Revenue generated from Vitashower Corp., a company owned by the CEO, amounted to $3,000 and $7,375 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The accounts receivable balance due from Vitashower Corp. amounted to $2,000 and $39,625 as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Compensation for services provided by the President and Chief Executive Officer for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $30,000 and $30,000, respectively.

Note 8 – Business Concentration and Risks

Major Customers

One customer accounted for 28% and 22% of the total accounts receivable as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Major Vendors

One vendor accounted for 13% and 95% of total accounts payable at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies

On April 24, 2017, we entered into a two-year industrial/commercial lease within a larger multi-tenant industrial complex with Walnut Park Business Center, LLC. We leased a 2,800-square foot warehouse with a 1,400-square foot office space inside which will allow us to be able to assemble our products as well as efficiently run our administrative operations in the same building. The lease commenced on May 1, 2017 and will end on April 30, 2019. We will pay $3,500 per month until May 1, 2018 when the rent will increase to $3,605 per month. The warehouse is located at 820511 East Walnut Drive North, Walnut, California. The Company purchased a warehouse in Ontario, California in September and subleased the Walnut location to a third party. The Company is no longer obligated to pay for Walnut’s lease. The sublease tenant paid $7,210 as security deposit, shown as other payable in current liability.

The Company did not have operating loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Total rent expense was $10,500 for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Note 10 – Leases

During the current quarter, we adopted ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” which requires leases with durations greater than twelve months to be recognized on the balance sheet. Prior year financial statements were not recast under the new standard and, therefore, those amounts are not presented below.

We lease property under finance and operating leases. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, we record the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term.

When available, we use the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value. We estimate our incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement.

As of March 31, 2019, right-of-use assets amounted to $184,416 with lease liabilities amounting to $195,642.

Note 11 – Stockholders’ Equity

Shares Authorized

Upon formation the total number of shares of all classes of stock which the Company is authorized to issue is seventy-five million (75,000,000) shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Common Stock

As of December 31, 2018 the Company had 40,959,741 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.

Note 12 – Acquisition

On March 15, 2019, the Company entered into and closed an asset purchase agreement with AVX Design & Integration, Inc. (“AVX”) as stated in Note 1.

A summary of the purchase price and the purchase price allocations at fair value is below. The purchase price allocation is a preliminary and subject to change. The Company has not yet completed its analysis to determine the fair value of the assets acquired on the acquisition date. Once this analysis is complete, the Company will adjust, if necessary, the provisional amounts assigned to the assets purchased in the accounting period in which the analysis is completed.

(1) the fair value of the common stock was calculated based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of acquisition.

The revenue from the acquisition of the AVX Design & Integration, Inc. included in the results of operations from the date of acquisition on to March 31, 2019 was $128,545.

The unaudited pro forma information below present statement of operations data as if the acquisition of the AVX Design & Integration, Inc. took place on January 1, 2018.

Note 13 – Shares Issued for Compensation

In June 2018, the Company entered into agreements with third party consultants. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 services rendered by the consultant amounted to $96,509, payable in 13,445 shares.

In addition, the Company has incurred third party consultant services fees of $36,000 (4,866 shares) for the three months ended March 31, 2019, which the Company will issue common stock as compensation for services rendered. The Company had issued 3,312 shares for these services in March 2019 and will issue the remaining 1,554 shares in June 2019.

Note 14 – Segment Reporting

The Company’s operation consists of two separate types of operations. Focus Universal Inc. and Perfecular Inc. (“Focus”) business operations involve wholesale, research and development of universal smart instrument and farming devices. AVX Design & Integration, Inc. (“AVX”) is an IoT installation and management company specializes high performance, easy to use audio/video, home theater, lighting control, automation and integration. The table below discloses income statements segment reporting of the separate business models.

Note 15 – Going Concern

In August 2014, the FASB issued ACU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. The new standard requires management to assess the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Disclosures are required if there is substantial doubt as to the company’s continuation as a going concern within one year after the issue date of financial statements. The standard provides guidance for making the assessment, including consideration of management’s plans which may alleviate doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for years ending after December 15, 2016. The Company has adopted this standard for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the Company will continue to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders, the ability of the Company to repay its debt obligations, to obtain necessary equity financing to continue operations, and the attainment of profitable operations. Recently, the Company has devoted a substantial amount of resources to research and development to bring the Ubiquitor and its mobile application to full production and distribution. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company had net loss of $447,283 and negative cash flow from operating activities of $369,117. As of March 31, 2019, the Company also had an accumulated deficit of $4,450,741. These factors raise certain doubts regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. There are no assurances, however, that the Company will be successful in obtaining an adequate level of financing for the long-term development and commercialization of its Ubiquitor product.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION, ANALYSIS AND PLAN OF OPERATION

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This item contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated in such forward-looking statements.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, and projections about our industry, management beliefs, and certain assumptions made by our management. Words such as "anticipates", "expects", "intends", "plans", "believes", "seeks", "estimates", variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict; therefore, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. However, readers should carefully review the risk factors set forth herein and in other reports and documents that we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, particularly the Report on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and any Current Reports on Form 8-K.

Narrative Description of the Business 

Focus Universal Inc. (“the Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) currently conducts business as a handheld sensor systems and filters wholesaler to distribution platforms. We are working on developing a universal sensor node and gateway system that use the data processing capabilities of a smartphone to display readings of multiple probe modules. We are also researching the development of an anti-counterfeit authentication technology that we believe could address the problem of counterfeit production by attempting to authenticate consumer goods.

Through a merger with Perfecular Inc., we strategically expanded our business to include the manufacturing and marketing of high-tech electronic devices. We realized that internet marketing would not be sufficient to generate sales of our products, particularly the Ubiquitor product. We are going to focus on all types of marketing, particularly marketing directly to established consumer distribution retailers. For this reason, in 2016 we decided to emphasize selling handheld sensors and air filters and discontinue our marketing and advertising business segment. Through the development and creation of our Ubiquitor device, we anticipate that the sales and marketing involved with bringing this product to the market will require us to hire a number of new employees in order to gain traction in the market as well as continue to expand such sales of our existing sensor and air filter products.

Our current services include:

Scientific Instrument Research, Development and Sales

Engineers and scientists use instrumentation to observe, understand, and manage real-world data and phenomena, events, and processes related to their industries or areas of expertise. Instrumentation systems that we are researching and developing measure and control electrical signals, such as voltage, current, and power, as well as temperature, pressure, speed, flow, volume, torque, light sensing, and vibration, for example. Common general-purpose instruments in our market segment include, for example, voltmeters, signal generators, oscilloscopes, data loggers, spectrum analyzers, cameras, and temperature and pressure monitors and controllers. Systems that perform measurement and control can be generally categorized as test, measurement, and embedded systems.

A New Approach to Measurement and Sensing

We offer a different approach than what is currently on the market because we are attempting to establish a demand for devices that link handheld devices and sensors with common smartphone computing power through an application on the smartphone in both IOS and Android devices. Tapping into the computing power of a smartphone enables a measurement device to increase its capabilities.

We also offer an array of traditional handheld measurements and control meters through our wholesale distribution platform.

Filter and Handheld Meter Wholesaler

We are a wholesaler of various filtration products and digital meters. We source our products from manufacturers in China and then sell to a major U.S. distributor who resells our products directly to consumers through retail distribution channels.

Specifically, we sell the following products:

Fan Speed Adjuster device. We provide a fan speed adjuster device to retailers and distributors. Designed specifically for centrifugal fans with brushless motors, our adjuster device helps ensure longer life by preventing damage to fan motors by adjusting the speed of centrifugal fans without causing the motor to hum. These devices are rated for 350 watts max, have 120VAC voltage capacity and feature an internal, electronic auto-resetting circuit breaker.

Carbon filter devices. We also sell two types of carbon filter devices to distributors. These Carbon filter devices are professional grade filters specifically designed and used to filter air in greenhouses that might be polluted by fermenting organics. One of these filters can be attached to a centrifugal fan to scrub the air in a constant circle or can be attached to an exhaust line as a single pass filter, which moves air out of the growing area and filters unwanted odors and removes pollens, dust, and other debris in the air. The other filter is designed to be used with fans from 0-6000 C.F.M.

HEPA filtration device. We provide an organic air high efficiency particulate arrestance (“HEPA”) filtration device at wholesale prices to distributors and retailers. Manufactured, tested, certified, and labeled in accordance with current HEPA filter standards, this device is targeted towards greenhouses and grow rooms and designed to keep insects, bacteria, and mold out of grow rooms. We sell these devices in various sizes.

Digital light meter. We provide a handheld digital light meter that is used to measure luminance in FC units, or foot-candles. The meter we sell is designed to be full cosine corrected for the angular incidence of light (meaning if you are not holding the sensor perpendicular to the light source, the sensor will still read the light correctly). The meter has a built-in low battery indicator and is designed to accurately measure to 40,000 FC.

Quantum par meter. We provide a handheld quantum par meter used to measure photosynthetically active radiation (“PAR”). This fully portable handheld PAR meter is designed to measure PAR flux in wavelengths ranging from 400 to 700 nm. It is designed to measure up to 10,000 umol.

Ubiquitor Wireless Universal Sensor Device

We have fully researched and developed a device we call the “Ubiquitor,” which is a handheld fully modular system with a universal sensor node and gateway system that uses a smartphone as the output display module that displays the readings of various probe modules. We have completed an initial production run of 1,000 devices and intend to develop this into full-scale production as soon as possible. The Ubiquitor is a wireless sensor device that combines measuring tools with smartphone technology to quickly deliver sensor node data on desktop and mobile phone screens. The Ubiquitor’s sensor analytics system will integrate event-monitoring, storage and analytics software in a cohesive package that we hope will provide a holistic view of sensor data it is reading.

After sending our circuit boards to China for soldering at an unaffiliated manufacturing facility, we assembled the initial production run at our facilities here in the City of Industry. This initial production run will allow us to show large distributors and consumers the capabilities of the Ubiquitor which we hope will generate demand.

The physical hardware consists of:

This device is intended to connect up to 2.5 kilometers of sensor instruments, and integrate data using embedded software to display the data and all analytics onto a digital screen (desktop or mobile displays) using multiple types of wireless connections (i.e., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3G and 4G). Most types of probes can connect to the hardware. If the sensor size is bigger than the standard probe size, it is possible to simply use a USB cable to connect the probe and the hub. All data and analytics are displayed on a single screen, with tools that record and keep track of all measurements, and sort and display analytic information in easy to read charts. 

The Ubiquitor is a general platform that collects data in real time, up to 100hz per second, and thus is intended to be adapted to many industry uses.

The Ubiquitor is a multipurpose wireless intelligent sensor device that will be intended to achieve universal compatibility. Currently, the Ubiquitor device could simultaneously accommodate more than 256 different types of sensor heads. Users could use their smartphones to simultaneously operate and monitor over 256 kinds of sensor readings. With Perfecular’s technology, users only need to obtain the sensor heads, facilitating ease and convenience of use. Using a smartphone, users can collect and analyze data in real time. We have not yet started research and development of a second generation Ubiquitor device, but once we demonstrate the market for this product we intend to begin such research and development.

Intellectual Property Protection

After the merger, on January 20, 2016 we filed provisional patent application number 62/281,104 with attorney docket number PER1.PAU.01.0 and Confirmation No. 2212. Prior to its expiration, on November 4, 2016, we filed a full utility patent application with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (number 15/344,041). On November 4, 2016 we filed U.S. patent application number 15/344,041 with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. On March 5, 2018, Focus Universal Inc. (the "Company") issued a press release announcing that the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has issued an Issue Notification for U.S. Patent Application No. 9924295 entitled “Universal Smart Device,” which covers a patent application regarding the Company’s Universal Smart Device. The USPTO had previously issued a Notice of Allowance for the same patent. Barring any unforeseen circumstances, this patent, when issued, will be valid until 2036. We filed the trademark “Ubiquitor” on July 10, 2016, under Serial No.:  87068020.

Competitors

There are several competitors we have identified in the wireless sensor node industry, including traditional instruments or devices manufacturers such as Hanna Instruments or Extech Instruments.

Hach developed and launched SC1000 Multi-parameter Universal Controller, a probe module for connecting up to 8 SC sensors and their products are not compatible with smart phones yet and we believe their price-point is still prohibitive to consumers.

Monnit Corporation offers a range of wireless or remote sensors. Many of Monnit’s products are web-based wireless sensors usually are not portable because of the power consumption. Also, the sensors real-time updates are slow and we believe security of the web-based sensor data acquisition also may be a concern. In addition to purchasing the device, consumers usually have to pay a monthly fee for using web-based services.

We are not trying to compete with traditional instruments or device manufacturers because we utilize our Ubiquitor universal smart device in conjunction with our generic instruments smartphone application, which we believe will be a completely different product category.

Market Potential

We believe that wireless universal smart technology will play a critical role for traditional instrument manufacturers, as it is too expensive and difficult for small companies to develop. The cost factor is the first consideration when deciding whether a company wants to develop smart wireless technologies and implement them in their products or use them in their field testing. We also hope to play a role in academic laboratories, particularly with smaller academic laboratories that are sensitive to price.

Results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Revenue, Cost of Sales and Gross Profit

Our consolidated gross revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $242,738 and $68,552, respectively, which included revenue from related parties of $3,000 and $7,375, respectively. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 increased $174,186 due to acquisition of AVX Design & Integration, Inc. which generated revenue of $128,545 for the period then ended. Our cost of consolidated cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $122,610 and $17,924, respectively, resulting in a gross profit of $120,610 and $50,628 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Operating Costs and Expenses

The major components of our operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 are outlined in the table below:

Officer compensation was $31,675 and $30,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Research and development was $62,004 and $51,018 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Professional fees increased from $50,161 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 to $355,274 during the March 31, 2019, an increase of $305,113. The increase of professional fees mainly resulted legal, accounting and consulting expenses incurred related to the acquisition, annual audit, SEC filings, and preparing for a listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

General and administrative expenses of $110,456 incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2019 primarily consisted of salaries of $51,542 and depreciation expense of $32,926. General and administrative expenses of $69,163 incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2018 primarily consisted of office rent of $10,500 and salaries of $26,023. The increase was mainly due to increased salaries and depreciation expenses.

Net Losses

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we incurred net losses of $447,283 and $203,833 respectively, due to the factors discussed above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Working Capital

Cash Flows

The table below, for the periods indicated, provides selected cash flow information:

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our net cash outflows from operating activities of $369,117 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily the result of our net loss of $447,283, and changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Our net cash outflows from operating activities of $141,872 for the three months ended March 31, 2018, was primarily the result of our net loss of $203,833 and changes in our operating assets and liabilities.

We expect that cash flows from operating activities may fluctuate in future periods as a result of a number of factors, including fluctuations in our net revenues and operating results, utilization of new revenue streams, collection of accounts receivable, and timing of billings and payments.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

The Company purchased a warehouse in September of 2018 and had some additional improvement on the building, resulting a cash outflow from investment activities of $529,638 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The Company did not incur any cash flow from investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Our net cash outflows from financing activities of $2,021 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily from payment on long term debt and finance lease obligations. The Company did not incur any cash flow from financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Going concern

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the Company will continue to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders, the ability of the Company to repay its debt obligations, to obtain necessary equity financing to continue operations, and the attainment of profitable operations. Recently, the Company has devoted a substantial amount of resources to research and development to bring the Ubiquitor and its mobile application to full production and distribution. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company had a net loss of $447,283 and negative cash flow from operating activities of $369,117. As of March 31, 2019 the Company also had an accumulated deficit of $4,450,741. These factors raise certain doubts regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. There are no assurances, however, that the Company will be successful in obtaining an adequate level of financing for the long-term development and commercialization of its Ubiquitor product.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2019, we did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation SK.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a15(e) and 15d15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, at the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded as of the evaluation date that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that the material information required to be included in our Securities and Exchange Commission reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms relating to our company, particularly during the period when this report was being prepared.

Our management concluded we did not maintain effective controls over the Company’s financial reporting. The material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, caused principally by inadequate staffing and technical expertise in key positions, resulted in overly relying on outside consultants to make numerous adjustments to our financial statements. Additionally, the significant deficiencies or material weaknesses could result in future material misstatements of the consolidated financial statements that may not be prevented or detected. Management has concluded that the identified control deficiencies constitutes a material weakness.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Internal Controls

Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving an entity's disclosure objectives. The likelihood of achieving such objectives is affected by limitations inherent in disclosure controls and procedures. These include the fact that human judgment in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns in internal control can occur because of human failures such as simple errors or mistakes or intentional circumvention of the established process.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We were not subject to any legal proceedings during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and there are currently no legal proceedings, to which we are a party, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

No shares or common stock were sold during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

ITEM 3.  DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

No senior securities were issued and outstanding during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 or 2018.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable to our Company.

ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION

Our common stock has been quoted on the OTCQB and on the OTC Link since July 31, 2014 under the symbol “FCUV”. 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 10-Q

Exhibits

The following financial information is filed as part of this report:

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.