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FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC. - Quarter Report: 2011 September (Form 10-Q)

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FORM 10-Q
(MARK ONE)
     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED September 30, 2011
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-21433
FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
DELAWARE   04-2797789
(State or other jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)   Identification Number)
     
60 Acorn Park Drive    
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS   02140
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (617) 613- 6000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
             
Large accelerated filer o
  Accelerated filer þ   Non-accelerated filer o   Smaller reporting company o
 
      (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of November 1, 2011, 22,673,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.
 
 

 


 

FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q
         
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 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32.1
 EX-32.2
 EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
 EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share data, unaudited)
                 
    September 30,     December 31,  
    2011     2010  
ASSETS
Current Assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 73,586     $ 86,927  
Marketable investments (Note 4)
    139,033       119,990  
Accounts receivable, net
    43,159       73,574  
Deferred income taxes
    1,790       4,089  
Deferred commissions
    9,406       12,598  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    16,181       16,733  
Restricted cash
    2,216       3,879  
 
           
Total current assets
    285,371       317,790  
Long-term marketable securities (Note 4)
    9,539       9,117  
Restricted cash
          11,609  
Property and equipment, net
    51,490       19,838  
Deferred income taxes
    4,550       7,779  
Goodwill
    71,677       67,958  
Intangible assets, net
    11,170       8,487  
Non-marketable investments (Note 5)
    7,684       7,359  
Other assets
    488       540  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 441,969     $ 450,477  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 5,037     $ 3,644  
Accrued expenses
    27,959       36,485  
Deferred revenue
    117,547       131,521  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    150,543       171,650  
Non-current liabilities
    13,059       6,920  
 
           
Total liabilities
    163,602       178,570  
 
           
 
               
Stockholders’ Equity (Note 8):
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value
               
Authorized — 500 shares, issued and outstanding — none
           
Common stock, $.01 par value
               
Authorized — 125,000 shares
               
Issued — 30,779 and 30,500 as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively
               
Outstanding — 22,564 and 22,812 as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively
    307       305  
Additional paid—in capital
    368,462       358,017  
Retained earnings
    95,765       81,652  
Treasury stock — 8,215 and 7,688 as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, at cost
    (181,000 )     (162,595 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (5,167 )     (5,472 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    278,367       271,907  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 441,969     $ 450,477  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data, unaudited)
                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2011     2010     2011     2010  
Revenues:
                               
Research services
  $ 49,242     $ 42,895     $ 141,130     $ 123,063  
Advisory services and other
    20,532       16,882       67,836       60,547  
 
                       
Total revenues
    69,774       59,777       208,966       183,610  
 
                       
 
                               
Operating expenses:
                               
Cost of services and fulfillment
    25,071       22,399       78,593       69,026  
Selling and marketing
    24,927       20,228       76,401       61,036  
General and administrative
    7,928       9,489       25,176       24,413  
Depreciation
    1,420       943       3,335       2,740  
Amortization of intangible assets
    679       905       1,898       2,715  
 
                       
Total operating expenses
    60,025       53,964       185,403       159,930  
 
                       
Income from operations
    9,749       5,813       23,563       23,680  
 
                               
Other income (expense), net
    378       (945 )     273       1,278  
Gains on investments, net
    8       1,377       648       1,829  
 
                       
Income before income taxes
    10,135       6,245       24,484       26,787  
 
                               
Income tax provision
    4,403       2,541       10,371       10,409  
 
                       
Net income
  $ 5,732     $ 3,704     $ 14,113     $ 16,378  
 
                       
 
                               
Basic income per common share
  $ 0.25     $ 0.16     $ 0.62     $ 0.73  
 
                       
 
                               
Diluted income per common share
  $ 0.25     $ 0.16     $ 0.61     $ 0.71  
 
                       
 
                               
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
    22,620       22,462       22,672       22,456  
 
                       
 
                               
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
    23,082       23,107       23,179       23,040  
 
                       
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands, unaudited)
                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2011     2010  
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net income
  $ 14,113     $ 16,378  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation
    3,335       2,740  
Amortization of intangible assets
    1,898       2,715  
Net gains from investments
    (648 )     (1,829 )
Deferred income taxes
    5,820       (537 )
Stock-based compensation
    3,093       3,686  
Amortization of premium on investments
    2,523       1,728  
Foreign currency losses
    1,202       683  
Other non-cash items
          89  
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
               
Accounts receivable
    31,273       27,524  
Deferred commissions
    3,193       913  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    926       (3,295 )
Accounts payable
    (1,732 )     1,927  
Accrued expenses
    (3,428 )     (2,692 )
Deferred revenue
    (15,061 )     (12,342 )
 
           
Net cash provided by operating activities
    46,507       37,688  
 
           
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Acquisitions
    (7,164 )     (1,660 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (33,194 )     (6,248 )
Purchases of marketable investments
    (81,008 )     (105,102 )
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable investments
    58,888       118,235  
Decrease in restricted cash
    13,272       1,851  
Other investing activity
    307       314  
 
           
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (48,899 )     7,390  
 
           
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee equity incentive plans
    7,017       10,773  
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
    432       399  
Repurchases of common stock
    (18,405 )     (13,951 )
 
           
Net cash used in financing activities
    (10,956 )     (2,779 )
 
           
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    7       (2,004 )
 
           
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (13,341 )     40,295  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    86,927       97,805  
 
           
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 73,586     $ 138,100  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 — Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete financial statements are not included herein. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. It is recommended that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in the Forrester Research, Inc. (“Forrester”) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows as of the dates and for the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 may not be indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2011, or any other period.
Note 2 — Revenue Recognition
Effective January 1, 2011 the Company adopted Update No. 2009-13, “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements — a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force” (ASU 2009-13) for contracts entered into or materially modified after that date. ASU 2009-13 updates the previous multiple-element revenue arrangements guidance. The revised guidance primarily provides three significant changes: 1) it eliminates the need for objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered element in order for a delivered item to be treated as a separate unit of accounting; 2) it eliminates the residual method to allocate the arrangement consideration; and, 3) it modifies the fair value requirements of EITF Issue 00-21 by providing “best estimate of selling price” in addition to vendor specific objective evidence and vendor objective evidence for determining the selling price of a deliverable. In addition, the guidance also expands the disclosure requirements for revenue recognition. The adoption of ASU 2009-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Forrester generates revenues from licensing research (including our data products), performing advisory services and consulting projects and hosting events. Forrester executes contracts that govern the terms and conditions of each arrangement. Revenues are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, services have been provided to the customer, and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue contracts may include either a single product or service or a combination of multiple products and services. Revenues from contracts that contain multiple products and services are allocated among the separate units of accounting based on their relative selling prices; however, the amount recognized is limited to the amount that is not contingent on future performance conditions. The Company obtains the selling prices of its products and services based on an analysis of standalone sales of these products and services during the year. Research service revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Advisory service revenues are recognized when the customer receives the agreed upon deliverable and consulting project revenues, which are short-term in nature and based upon fixed-fee agreements, are recognized as the services are provided. Losses on consulting project contracts, if any, would be recognized in the period in which the loss first becomes probable and reasonably estimable. Reimbursed out-of-pocket expenses are recorded as advisory services revenue. Event revenues are recognized upon completion of the event.
Annual subscriptions to our RoleView research include access to all or a designated portion of our research, and depending on the type of license, membership in one or more of our Forrester leadership boards, unlimited phone or email analyst inquiry, unlimited participation in Forrester Teleconferences, and the right to attend one event. Contracts for RoleView research entered into prior to the adoption of ASU 2009-13 on January 1, 2011, were accounted for as one unit of accounting and recognized ratably as research services revenue over the membership period. Contracts for RoleView research entered into or significantly modified after January 1, 2011 are accounted for as two units of accounting: 1) the event ticket and 2) the remaining research services that are delivered throughout the contract period, based on the new guidance that permits alternative methods of determining selling price as it relates to the components that we do not sell on a standalone basis, such as research services in this case. Arrangement consideration is allocated to each of these elements based upon their relative selling prices, which is based on standalone sales of event tickets and the estimated selling price of the remaining research services. Annual subscriptions to our data products include access to designated survey data products and access to a data specialist, which are delivered throughout the year, and are accounted for as one unit of accounting and recognized ratably as research services revenue over the membership period. Clients are offered a service guarantee, which gives them the right to cancel their contracts prior to the end of the contract term and receive a refund for unused products or services.
Note 3 — Acquisition
On May 12, 2011, Forrester acquired Springboard Research (“Springboard”), a provider of research and advisory services focused on Asia Pacific and emerging markets. Springboard was a former division of Knowledge Platform, Inc. The acquisition of the Springboard business further supports Forrester’s role-based strategy and expands Forrester’s coverage in the Asia Pacific region. The total purchase price was approximately $9.0 million, of which approximately $6.7 million was paid on the acquisition date and $2.3 million (the “Holdback”) is payable at various times through June 1, 2013, subject to possible reduction to satisfy indemnification claims and specified contingencies. Of the $2.3 million Holdback, up to $0.9 million could be retained by the Company if certain key employees do not remain with the Company through May 12, 2012 or if the Company is not able to occupy one of Springboard’s facilities through September 15, 2012. As of September 30, 2011, $1.2 million and $0.9 million of the Holdback remains in accrued expenses and non-current liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The results of Springboard, which were not material to the consolidated financial statements, have been included in Forrester’s consolidated financial statements since May 12, 2011 in the Technology Industry Client Group segment. Pro forma financial information has not been provided as it is not material to the consolidated results of operations.
A summary of the purchase price allocation for Springboard is as follows (in thousands):

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Assets:
       
Cash
  $ 85  
Accounts receivable
    561  
Other current assets
    285  
Goodwill
    3,695  
Intangible assets
    4,815  
 
     
Total assets
    9,441  
 
     
Liabilities:
       
Accrued expenses
    160  
Deferred revenue
    312  
 
     
Total liabilities
    472  
 
     
Net assets acquired
  $ 8,969  
 
     
Approximately $2.1 million of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The Company believes the goodwill reflects its expectations of synergistic revenue opportunities from the acquisition and the value of the acquired workforce.
Intangible assets are amortized according to the expected cash flows to be received. The following are the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average lives (dollars in thousands):
                 
            Useful  
    Assigned     Life  
    Value     (in years)  
Customer relationships
  $ 3,605       7.5  
Research content
    1,080       1.5  
Backlog
    130       1.0  
 
             
 
  $ 4,815          
 
             
Note 4 — Marketable Investments
The following table summarizes the Company’s marketable investments (in thousands):
                                 
            Gross     Gross        
    Amortized     Unrealized     Unrealized     Market  
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value  
September 30, 2011
                               
Available-for-sale securities
                               
State and municipal obligations
  $ 10,828     $ 11     $ (6 )     10,833  
Federal agency and corporate obligations
    128,458       169       (427 )     128,200  
 
                       
Total short-term available-for-sale securities
    139,286       180       (433 )     139,033  
ARS, long-term
    11,000             (1,461 )     9,539  
 
                       
Total available-for-sale securities
  $ 150,286     $ 180     $ (1,894 )   $ 148,572  
 
                       
                                 
            Gross     Gross        
    Amortized     Unrealized     Unrealized     Market  
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value  
December 31, 2010
                               
Available-for-sale securities
                               
State and municipal obligations
  $ 12,011     $ 23     $ (25 )   $ 12,009  
Federal agency and corporate obligations
    107,669       483       (171 )     107,981  
 
                       
Total short-term available-for-sale securities
    119,680       506       (196 )     119,990  
ARS, long-term
    11,000             (1,883 )     9,117  
 
                       
Total available-for-sale securities
  $ 130,680     $ 506     $ (2,079 )   $ 129,107  
 
                       
Realized gains and losses on securities are included in earnings and are determined using the specific identification method. Realized gains or losses on the sale of the Company’s federal agency, state, municipal and corporate obligations were not material in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 or 2010.
The following table summarizes the maturity periods of the marketable securities in the Company’s portfolio as of September 30, 2011. In February 2008, certain auction rate securities (“ARS”) that Forrester held experienced failed auctions that limited the liquidity of these securities. These auction failures have continued and based on current market conditions, it is likely that auction failures will continue. The following table reflects the ARS at their contractual maturity dates of between

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2024 and 2034 (in thousands).
                                         
    FY 2011     FY 2012     FY2013     Thereafter     Total  
Federal agency and corporate obligations
  $ 21,285     $ 57,713     $ 48,194     $ 1,008     $ 128,200  
State and municipal obligations
    5,133       5,700                   10,833  
ARS
                        9,539       9,539  
 
                             
Total
  $ 26,418     $ 63,413     $ 48,194     $ 10,547     $ 148,572  
 
                             
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and market value of Forrester’s available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporary, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):
                                 
    As of September 30, 2011  
    Less Than 12 Months     12 Months or Greater  
    Market     Unrealized     Market     Unrealized  
    Value     Losses     Value     Losses  
State and municipal bonds
  $ 1,113     $ 6     $     $  
Federal agency and corporate obligations
    67,015       427              
ARS
                9,539       1,461  
 
                       
Total
  $ 68,128     $ 433     $ 9,539     $ 1,461  
 
                       
                                 
    As of December 31, 2010  
    Less Than 12 Months     12 Months or Greater  
    Market     Unrealized     Market     Unrealized  
    Value     Losses     Value     Losses  
State and municipal bonds
  $ 3,258     $ 25     $     $  
Federal agency and corporate obligations
    45,928       171              
ARS
                9,117       1,883  
 
                       
Total
  $ 49,186     $ 196     $ 9,117     $ 1,883  
 
                       
Fair Value
The Company measures certain financial assets at fair value on a recurring basis, including cash equivalents, available-for-sale securities and trading securities. The fair values of these financial assets have been classified as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy as described in the accounting standards for fair value measurements.
Level 1 — Fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 — Fair value based on inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 — Fair value based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and such inputs are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets (cash equivalents and investments) measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 (in thousands):
                                 
    As of September 30, 2011  
    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
Money market funds (1)
  $ 4,364     $     $     $ 4,364  
Federal agency and corporate obligations (2)
          138,027             138,027  
State and municipal obligations
          10,834       9,538       20,372  
 
                       
Total
  $ 4,364     $ 148,861     $ 9,538     $ 162,763  
 
                       
                                 
    As of December 31, 2010  
    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
Money market funds (1)
  $ 25,222     $     $     $ 25,222  
Federal agency and corporate obligations
          107,981             107,981  
State and municipal obligations
          12,009       9,117       21,126  
 
                       
Total
  $ 25,222     $ 119,990     $ 9,117     $ 154,329  
 
                       

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(1)   Included in cash and cash equivalents.
 
(2)   $9.8 million included in cash and cash equivalents as original maturities at the time of purchase were 90 days or less.
Level 2 assets consist of the Company’s entire portfolio of federal, state, municipal and corporate bonds, excluding those municipal bonds described below with an auction reset feature. Level 2 assets have been initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued, at the end of each reporting period, typically utilizing third party pricing services or other market observable data. The pricing services utilize industry standard valuation methods, including both income and market based approaches and observable market inputs to determine value. These observable market inputs include reportable trades, benchmark yields, credit spreads, broker/dealer quotes, bids, offers, current spot rates and other industry and economic events.
Level 3 assets at September 30, 2011 consist entirely of municipal bonds with an auction reset feature (ARS). Prior to 2008, the fair value of the ARS investments approximated par value due to the frequent resets through the auction process. While the Company continues to earn interest on its ARS investments at the contractual rate, these investments trade infrequently and therefore do not have a readily determinable market value. Accordingly, the estimated fair value of the ARS no longer approximates par value. At September 30, 2011, the Company held ARS with one investment advisor. The Company values the ARS using a discounted cash flow model that includes estimates of interest rates, timing and amount of cash flows, credit and liquidity premiums and expected holding periods of the securities, which is considered a Level 3 valuation. The valuation resulted in an unrealized loss recorded in other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Balance Sheets of $1.5 million at September 30, 2011 and $1.9 million at December 31, 2010. The Company believes that the loss is temporary due to the strong underlying credit rating of the securities and the fact that the Company does not intend to sell the securities and is not likely to be required to sell the securities. The assumptions used in valuing the ARS are volatile and subject to change as the underlying sources of these assumptions and market conditions change.
Through July 1, 2010, the Company also held ARS with UBS AG (UBS). Historically, UBS provided a valuation utilizing Level 3 inputs for the ARS investments. UBS utilized a discounted cash flow approach to arrive at its valuation, which was corroborated by a separate and comparable discounted cash flow analysis prepared by the Company. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow model included estimates, based on data available at each balance sheet date, of interest rates, timing and amount of cash flows, credit and liquidity premiums, and expected holding periods of the ARS. In November 2008, the Company accepted an offer (the “Right”) from UBS entitling the Company to sell at par value ARS originally purchased from UBS at any time during a two-year period from June 30, 2010 through July 2, 2012. The Company valued the Right as an asset using a discounted cash flow approach including estimates of interest rates and timing and amount of cash flows, adjusted for any bearer risk associated with UBS’s financial ability to repurchase the ARS beginning June 30, 2010, based on data available at each balance sheet date. The combined fair value of the Right and the UBS ARS historically equaled the par value of the UBS ARS. The remaining $5.4 million of par value UBS ARS at June 30, 2010 were sold to UBS at par under the Right on July 1, 2010.
The following table provides a summary of changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands):
         
    ARS  
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 9,117  
Sales/Maturities
     
Total gains (losses):
       
Included in other comprehensive income
    422  
Included in earnings
     
Balance at September 30, 2011
  $ 9,539  
 
     
                 
    UBS        
    Right     ARS  
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 2,100     $ 39,525  
Sales/Maturities
          (31,675 )
Total gains (losses):
               
Included in other comprehensive income
          (16 )
Included in earnings
    (2,100 )     2,100  
 
           
Balance at September 30, 2010
  $     $ 9,934  
 
           
Note 5— Non-Marketable Investments
At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the carrying value of the Company’s non-marketable investments, which were composed primarily of interests in technology-related private equity funds, were $7.7 million and $7.4 million, respectively.
One of the Company’s investments, with a book value of $1.6 million and $1.7 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, is being accounted for using the cost method and, accordingly, is valued at cost unless an other-than-temporary impairment in its value occurs. The other investments are being accounted for using the equity method as the investments are limited partnerships and the Company has an ownership interest in excess of 5% and, accordingly, the Company records its share of the investee’s operating results each period. The Company recorded a gain from its non-marketable investments of $0.6 million and $1.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which are included in gains on investments, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Gains from non-marketable investments were insignificant during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and were $1.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Note 6 — Reorganization
The following table rolls forward the activity in the reorganization accrual for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 (in thousands):

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    Facility        
    Consolidation     Total  
Accrual at December 31, 2010
  $ 446     $ 446  
Cash payments
    (446 )     (446 )
 
           
Accrual at September 30, 2011
  $     $  
 
           
Note 7 — Net Income Per Common Share
Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the diluted weighted average number of common shares and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of common equivalent shares outstanding has been determined in accordance with the treasury-stock method. Common equivalent shares consist of common stock issuable on the exercise of outstanding options and vesting of restricted stock units when dilutive.
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares are as follows (in thousands):
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2011     2010     2011     2010  
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
    22,620       22,462       22,672       22,456  
Weighted average common equivalent shares
    462       645       507       584  
 
                       
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
    23,082       23,107       23,179       23,040  
 
                       
 
                               
Options excluded from diluted weighted average share calculation as effect would have been anti-dilutive
    447       344       209       490  
 
                       
Note 8 — Stockholders’ Equity
Comprehensive Income
The components of total comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 are as follows (in thousands):
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2011     2010     2011     2010  
Net income
  $ 5,732     $ 3,704     $ 14,113     $ 16,378  
Cumulative translation adjustment
    (2,593 )     3,637       298       (1,785 )
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable investments, net of tax
    (197 )     103       7       (140 )
 
                       
Total comprehensive income
  $ 2,942     $ 7,444     $ 14,418     $ 14,453  
 
                       
Equity Plans
Stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is presented below (in thousands, except per share data):
                                 
            Weighted -     Weighted -        
            Average     Average        
            Exercise     Remaining     Aggregate  
    Number     Price Per     Contractual     Intrinsic  
    of Shares     Share     Term (in years)     Value  
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
    2,215     $ 26.00                  
Granted
    345       34.56                  
Exercised
    (222 )     25.21                  
Forfeited
    (64 )     31.30                  
 
                             
Outstanding at September 30, 2011
    2,274     $ 27.22       6.59     $ 12,771  
 
                       
Exercisable at September 30, 2011
    1,373     $ 24.99       5.24     $ 10,332  
 
                       
Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is presented below (in thousands, except per share data):

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            Weighted-  
            Average  
            Grant Date  
    RSUs     Fair Value  
Unvested at December 31, 2010
    192     $ 27.64  
Granted
    116       33.19  
Vested or settled
    (9 )     29.86  
Forfeited
    (20 )     27.90  
 
             
Unvested at September 30, 2011
    279     $ 29.86  
 
             
Stock-Based Compensation
Forrester recognizes the fair value of stock-based compensation in net income over the requisite service period of the individual grantee, which generally equals the vesting period. Stock-based compensation was recorded in the following expense categories (in thousands):
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2011     2010     2011     2010  
Cost of services and fulfillment
  $ 678     $ 531     $ 1,325     $ 1,588  
Selling and marketing
    294       238       686       708  
General and administrative
    440       387       1,082       1,390  
 
                       
Total
  $ 1,412     $ 1,156     $ 3,093     $ 3,686  
 
                       
In 2009, the Company issued to its employees 95,496 performance-based RSUs. The vesting of the RSUs is subject to performance criteria and will vest at 100% or 40% on April 1, 2012, or the RSUs could be forfeited, depending on whether specified revenue growth and certain operating margin targets related to full year 2011 performance are achieved. Compensation expense in 2009, 2010 and the three months ended March 31, 2011 was recognized based on an estimate of 100% vesting of the RSUs. During the three months ended June 30, 2011, the Company modified its assessment of the likelihood of vesting to the 40% level and recorded a credit, to stock-based compensation expense, of approximately $0.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2011 resulting from the change in estimate. Compensation expense in the three months ended September 30, 2011 continued to be recognized based on an estimate of 40% vesting.
Forrester utilizes the Black-Scholes valuation model for estimating the fair value of stock-based compensation. Options granted under the equity incentive plans and shares subject to purchase under the employee stock purchase plan were valued using the following assumptions:
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended
    September 30, 2011   September 30, 2010
    Equity Incentive   Employee Stock   Equity Incentive   Employee Stock
    Plans   Purchase Plan   Plans   Purchase Plan
Average risk-free interest rate
    1.11 %     0.08 %     1.37 %     0.20 %
Expected dividend yield
    None       None       None       None  
Expected life
    3.5 Years       0.5 Years       3.5 Years       0.5 Years  
Expected volatility
    40 %     28 %     40 %     25 %
Weighted average fair value
  $ 10.01     $ 7.56     $ 9.49     $ 6.87  
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Nine Months Ended
    September 30, 2011   September 30, 2010
    Equity Incentive   Employee Stock   Equity Incentive   Employee Stock
    Plans   Purchase Plan   Plans   Purchase Plan
Average risk-free interest rate
    1.29 %     0.14 %     2.02 %     0.17 %
Expected dividend yield
    None       None       None       None  
Expected life
    3.5 Years       0.5 Years       3.6 Years       0.5 Years  
Expected volatility
    40 %     28 %     40 %     25 %
Weighted average fair value
  $ 10.53     $ 7.55     $ 9.63     $ 6.23  
Treasury Stock
Forrester’s Board of Directors has authorized an aggregate $260 million to purchase common stock under the stock repurchase program. The shares repurchased may be used, among other things, in connection with Forrester’s employee and director equity incentive and purchase plans. As of September 30, 2011, Forrester had repurchased approximately 8.2 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of approximately $181.0 million.
Note 9 — Income Taxes
Forrester provides for income taxes on an interim basis according to management’s estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. Certain items such as changes in tax rates, foreign exchange gains or losses on the remeasurement of deferred tax liabilities and tax benefits related to disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options are treated as discrete items and are recorded in the period in which they arise.

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Note 10 — Operating Segments
Forrester is organized into three client groups with each client group responsible for writing relevant research for the roles within the client organization on a worldwide basis. The three client groups, which are considered operating segments, are: Business Technology (“BT”) (formerly called Information Technology or IT), Technology Industry (“TI”), and Marketing and Strategy (“M&S”). In addition, the Company’s Events segment supports all three client groups. All of the client groups generate revenues through sales of research, advisory and other service offerings targeted at specific roles within their targeted clients. Each of the client groups consists of research personnel focused primarily on issues relevant to particular roles and to the day-to-day responsibilities of persons within the roles. Amounts included in the “Events” segment relate to the operations of the events production department. Revenue reported in the Events segment consists primarily of sponsorships and sales of event tickets to Forrester events.
Forrester evaluates reportable segment performance and allocates resources based on direct margin. Direct margin, as presented below, is defined as operating income excluding sales expenses, certain marketing and fulfillment expenses, stock-based compensation expense, general and administrative expenses, depreciation expense, and amortization of intangibles. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used in the consolidated financial statements.
Forrester does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by operating segment. Accordingly, assets are not being reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of performance or in making decisions on the allocation of resources.
The following tables present information about reportable segments (in thousands):
                                         
    BT     TI     M&S     Events     Consolidated  
Three months ended September 30, 2011
                                       
Revenue
  $ 25,220     $ 21,655     $ 21,499     $ 1,400     $ 69,774  
Direct margin
    17,065       15,231       13,387       410       46,093  
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses
                                    (35,665 )
Amortization of intangible assets
                                    (679 )
 
                                     
Income from operations
                                  $ 9,749  
 
                                     
                                         
    BT     TI     M&S     Events     Consolidated  
Three months ended September 30, 2010
                                       
Revenue
  $ 23,047     $ 18,342     $ 17,889     $ 499     $ 59,777  
Direct margin
    16,283       13,410       11,059       (146 )     40,606  
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses
                                    (33,888 )
Amortization of intangible assets
                                    (905 )
 
                                     
Income from operations
                                  $ 5,813  
 
                                     
                                         
    BT     TI     M&S     Events     Consolidated  
Nine months ended September 30, 2011
                                       
Revenue
  $ 73,667     $ 62,373     $ 62,828     $ 10,098     $ 208,966  
Direct margin
    49,319       44,381       38,615       4,601       136,916  
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses
                                    (111,455 )
Amortization of intangible assets
                                    (1,898 )
 
                                     
Income from operations
                                  $ 23,563  
 
                                     
                                         
    BT     TI     M&S     Events     Consolidated  
Nine months ended September 30, 2010
                                       
Revenue
  $ 69,173     $ 54,617     $ 52,133     $ 7,687     $ 183,610  
Direct margin
    48,456       40,215       31,880       3,182       123,733  
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses
                                    (97,338 )
Amortization of intangible assets
                                    (2,715 )
 
                             
Income from operations
                                  $ 23,680  
 
                                     
During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the Company identified errors in the presentation of direct margin by operating segment during the nine-month period ending September 30, 2010. Certain corporate level adjustments related to the BT, TI and M&S segments were incorrectly classified within the Event segment. There was no effect on consolidated segment direct margin. The Company has concluded that the error described above was immaterial to all periods discussed. The Company has detailed the adjustments to the prior periods below (amounts in thousands):
                                         
    BT     TI     M&S     Events     Consolidated  
Direct margin — three months ended March 31, 2010
                                       
As reported
  $ 15,913     $ 13,915     $ 10,159     $ (120 )   $ 39,867  
As adjusted
    15,981       13,318       10,199       369       39,867  
 
                             
Change
  $ (68 )   $ 597     $ (40 )   $ (489 )   $  
 
                             
 
                                       
Direct margin — three months ended June 30, 2010
                                       
As reported
  $ 16,166     $ 14,388     $ 10,616     $ 2,090     $ 43,260  
As adjusted
    16,192       13,487       10,622       2,959       43,260  
 
                             
Change
  $ (26 )   $ 901     $ (6 )   $ (869 )   $  
 
                             
 
                                       
Direct margin — six months ended June 30, 2010
                                       
As reported
  $ 32,079     $ 28,303     $ 20,775     $ 1,970     $ 83,127  
As adjusted
    32,173       26,805       20,821       3,328       83,127  
 
                             
Change
  $ (94 )   $ 1,498     $ (46 )   $ (1,358 )   $  
 
                             
 
                                       
Direct margin — three months ended September 30, 2010
                                       
As reported
  $ 15,990     $ 13,616     $ 11,059     $ (59 )   $ 40,606  
As adjusted
    16,283       13,410       11,059       (146 )     40,606  
 
                             
Change
  $ (293 )   $ 206     $     $ 87     $  
 
                             
 
                                       
Direct margin — nine months ended September 30, 2010
                                       
As reported
  $ 48,069     $ 41,920     $ 31,834     $ 1,910     $ 123,733  
As adjusted
    48,456       40,215       31,880       3,182       123,733  
 
                             
Change
  $ (387 )   $ 1,705     $ (46 )   $ (1,272 )   $  
 
                             

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” or similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the adequacy of our liquidity and capital resources, future revenue growth rates, anticipated increases in our sales force, future depreciation expenses and anticipated continued repurchases of our common stock. These statements are based on our current plans and expectations and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual future activities and results of operations to be materially different from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual future activities and results to differ include, among others, our ability to retain and enrich memberships for our research products and services, technology spending, our ability to respond to business and economic conditions and market trends, the risks and challenges inherent in international business activities, competition and industry consolidation, the ability to attract and retain professional staff, our dependence on key personnel, and possible variations in our quarterly operating results. These risks are described more completely in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
We derive revenues from memberships to our research products and services, performing advisory services and consulting projects, and hosting events. We offer contracts for our research products that are typically renewable annually and payable in advance. Research revenues are recognized as revenue ratably over the term of the contract. Accordingly, a substantial portion of our billings are initially recorded as deferred revenue. Clients purchase advisory services independently and/or to supplement their memberships to our research. Billings attributable to advisory services and consulting projects are initially recorded as deferred revenue. Advisory service revenues are recognized when the customer receives the agreed upon deliverable. Consulting project revenues, which generally are short-term in nature and based upon fixed-fee agreements, are recognized as the services are provided. Event billings are also initially recorded as deferred revenue and are recognized as revenue upon completion of each event.
Our primary operating expenses consist of cost of services and fulfillment, selling and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses. Cost of services and fulfillment represents the costs associated with the production and delivery of our products and services, including salaries, bonuses, employee benefits and stock-based compensation expense for research personnel and all associated editorial, travel, and support services. Selling and marketing expenses include salaries, sales commissions, bonuses, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, travel expenses, promotional costs and other costs incurred in marketing and selling our products and services. General and administrative expenses include the costs of the technology, operations, finance, and human resources groups and our other administrative functions, including salaries, bonuses, employee benefits, and stock-based compensation expense. Overhead costs such as facilities are allocated to these categories according to the number of employees in each group.
Deferred revenue, agreement value, client retention, dollar retention and enrichment are metrics we believe are important to understanding our business. We believe that the amount of deferred revenue, along with the agreement value of contracts to purchase research and advisory services, provide a significant measure of our business activity. We define these metrics as follows:
    Deferred revenue - billings in advance of revenue recognition as of the measurement date.
 
    Agreement value - the total revenues recognizable from all research and advisory service contracts in force at a given time (but not including advisory-only contracts), without regard to how much revenue has already been recognized.
 
    Client retention - the percentage of client companies with memberships expiring during the most recent twelve-month period that renewed one or more of those memberships during that same period.
 
    Dollar retention - the percentage of the dollar value of all client membership contracts renewed during the most recent twelve-month period to the total dollar value of all client membership contracts that expired during the period.
 
    Enrichment - the percentage of the dollar value of client membership contracts renewed during the most recent twelve-month period to the dollar value of the corresponding expiring contracts.
Client retention, dollar retention, and enrichment are not necessarily indicative of the rate of future retention of our revenue base. A summary of our key metrics is as follows (dollars in millions):
                                 
    As of   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Deferred revenue
  $ 117.5     $ 104.6     $ 12.9       12 %
Agreement value
  $ 211.2     $ 191.8     $ 19.4       10 %
Client retention
    81 %     80 %     1       1 %
Dollar retention
    91 %     89 %     2       2 %
Enrichment
    104 %     102 %     2       2 %
Number of clients
    2,703       2,562       141       6 %
The increase in deferred revenue and agreement value from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011 is primarily due to increased demand for our products and services. Client and dollar retention rates as well as our enrichment rate have all increased from the September 30, 2010 period and remain at or near historic highs.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to

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make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our policies and estimates, including but not limited to, those related to our revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, non-marketable investments, goodwill and other intangible assets, income taxes and valuation and impairment of marketable investments. Management bases its estimates on historical experience, data available at the time the estimates are made and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We have updated our critical accounting policies for “revenue recognition” and “valuation and impairment of marketable investments” below. Our other critical accounting policies and estimates are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
Revenue Recognition.
Effective January 1, 2011 we adopted Update No. 2009-13, “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements — a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force” (ASU 2009-13). ASU 2009-13 updates the previous multiple-element revenue arrangements guidance. The revised guidance primarily provides three significant changes: 1) it eliminates the need for objective and reliable evidence of the fair value for the undelivered element in order for a delivered item to be treated as a separate unit of accounting; 2) it eliminates the residual method to allocate the arrangement consideration; and, 3) it modifies the fair value requirements of EITF Issue 00-21 by providing “best estimate of selling price” in addition to vendor specific objective evidence and vendor objective evidence for determining the selling price of a deliverable.
We generate revenues from licensing memberships to our research (including our data products), performing advisory services and consulting projects and hosting events. We execute contracts that govern the terms and conditions of each arrangement. Revenues are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, services have been provided to the customer, and collectability is reasonably assured. Our contracts may include either a single product or service or a combination of multiple products and services. Revenues from contracts that contain multiple products or services are allocated among the separate units of accounting based on their relative selling prices; however, the amount recognized is limited to the amount that is not contingent on future performance conditions. For example, when a discount off of list price is provided in a multiple element contract, the discount is applied ratably to the research and data products only (which commence delivery on the first day of the contract), as the undelivered products in the contract (advisory services or events) would be refundable to the customer at list price. We obtain the selling prices of our products and services based upon an analysis of standalone sales of these products and services during the year. Research service revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Advisory service revenues are recognized when the customer receives the agreed upon deliverable and consulting project revenues are recognized as the services are provided. Reimbursed out-of-pocket expenses are recorded as advisory services revenue. Event revenues are recognized upon completion of the event.
Annual subscriptions to our RoleView research include access to all or a designated portion of our research, and depending on the type of license, membership in one or more of our Forrester leadership boards, unlimited phone or email analyst inquiry, unlimited participation in Forrester Teleconferences, and the right to attend one event. Contracts for RoleView research entered into prior to the adoption of ASU 2009-13 on January 1, 2011, were accounted for as one unit of accounting and recognized ratably as research services revenue over the membership period. Contracts for RoleView research entered into or significantly modified after January 1, 2011 are accounted for as two units of accounting: 1) the event ticket and 2) the remaining research services that are delivered throughout the contract period based on the new guidance that permits alternative methods of determining selling prices as it relates to the components that we do not sell on a standalone basis, such as research services in our case. Arrangement consideration is allocated to each element based upon its relative selling price, which is determined based on standalone sales of event tickets and the estimated selling price of the remaining research services. Annual subscriptions to our data products include access to designated survey data products and access to a data specialist, which are delivered throughout the year, and are accounted for as one unit of accounting and recognized ratably as research services revenue over the membership period. We offer our clients a service guarantee, which gives our clients the right to cancel their contracts prior to the end of the contract term and receive a refund for unused products or services. Furthermore, our revenue recognition determines the timing of commission expenses, as commissions are earned during the month a contract is booked and are deferred and recognized as expense as the related revenue is recognized. We evaluate the recoverability of deferred commissions at each balance sheet date.
Valuation and Impairment of Marketable Investments.
Our investment portfolio may at any time contain investments in U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agency securities, taxable and/or tax exempt municipal notes (some of which may have an auction reset feature), corporate notes and bonds, commercial paper and money market funds. The assessment of the fair value of certain of the debt securities (e.g. those containing an auction reset feature) can be difficult and subjective due in part to limited trading activity of certain of these debt instruments.
In accordance with the accounting standard for fair value measurements, we have classified our marketable investments as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs utilize unobservable data points.
As of September 30, 2011, we held municipal bonds with a fair value of $9.5 million ($11.0 million at par value) with an auction reset feature (“auction rate securities” or “ARS”). The fair value of the ARS was determined by utilizing a discounted cash flow approach, which is considered a Level 3 valuation. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow model include estimates, based on data available at September 30, 2011, of interest rates, timing and amount of cash flows, credit and liquidity premiums, and expected holding periods of the ARS. The assumptions used in valuing the ARS are volatile and subject to change as the underlying sources of these assumptions and market conditions change, which may lead us in the future to record additional losses for these securities. We classified these ARS as available-for-sale securities and determined that the losses were not considered other-than-temporary and were not due to credit losses. Accordingly, changes in the market value of the ARS have been recorded in other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. If market conditions deteriorate further, we may be required to record unrealized losses in other comprehensive loss or impairment charges within the Consolidated Statements of Income. We may not be able to liquidate these investments unless the issuer calls the security, a successful auction occurs, a buyer is found outside of the auction process, or the security matures.
At September 30, 2011, we held $139.0 million of marketable investments, excluding ARS, which were valued using Level 2 inputs. Level 2 investments are initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued, at the end of each reporting period, by our investment managers utilizing third party pricing services, which consists of one price per instrument. We do not obtain pricing or quotes from brokers directly and historically we have not adjusted prices obtained from our investment managers for our non-ARS portfolio. We verify the pricing information obtained from our investment managers by obtaining an understanding of the pricing methodology and inputs utilized by the pricing services to value our particular investments, as well as an understanding of the controls and procedures utilized by our investment managers to both ensure the accurate recording and to validate the pricing of our investments obtained from the pricing services on an annual basis.

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Our marketable investments consist solely of high credit quality corporate and municipal bonds with a weighted average credit rating AA and do not include difficult to value features. The majority of our marketable investments are in large corporate notes.
We conduct periodic reviews to identify and evaluate each investment that has an unrealized loss, in accordance with the meaning of other-than-temporary impairment and its application to certain investments, as required under current accounting standards. An unrealized loss exists when the current fair value of an individual security is less than its amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities that are determined to be temporary, and not related to credit loss, are recorded, net of tax, in accumulated other comprehensive loss.
For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, management performs an analysis to assess whether we intend to sell or whether we would more likely than not be required to sell the security before the expected recovery of the amortized cost basis. Where we intend to sell a security, or may be required to do so, the security’s decline in fair value would be deemed to be other-than-temporary and the full amount of the unrealized loss would be recorded within gains (losses) on investments, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Regardless of our intent to sell a security, we perform additional analysis on all securities with unrealized losses to evaluate losses associated with the creditworthiness of the security. Credit losses are identified where we do not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the amortized cost basis of a security and are recorded within gains (losses) on investments, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our statement of income as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated:
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended
    September 30,   September 30,
    2011   2010   2011   2010
Revenues:
                               
Research services
    71 %     72 %     68 %     67 %
Advisory services and other
    29       28       32       33  
 
                               
Total revenues
    100       100       100       100  
Operating expenses:
                               
Cost of services and fulfillment
    36       37       38       38  
Selling and marketing
    36       34       36       33  
General and administrative
    11       16       12       13  
Depreciation
    2       2       2       2  
Amortization of intangible assets
    1       1       1       1  
 
                               
Income from operations
    14       10       11       13  
Other income, net
          (2 )           1  
Gains on investments, net
          2       1       1  
 
                               
Income before income taxes
    14       10       12       15  
Income tax provision
    6       4       5       6  
 
                               
Net income
    8 %     6 %     7 %     9 %
 
                               
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
Revenues
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
    (dollars in millions)                
Revenues
  $ 69.8     $ 59.8     $ 10.0       17 %
Revenues from research services
  $ 49.2     $ 42.9     $ 6.3       15 %
Revenues from advisory services and other
  $ 20.5     $ 16.9     $ 3.6       21 %
Revenues attributable to customers outside of the U.S.
  $ 20.5     $ 16.3     $ 4.2       26 %
Percentage of revenue attributable to customers outside of the U.S.
    29 %     27 %     2       7 %
Number of clients (at end of period)
    2,703       2,562       141       6 %
Number of events
    2       1       1       100 %
The increase in total revenues is principally the result of increased demand for our products and services from both the enrichment of our existing clients, as shown by our enrichment rate of 104% for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2011, as well as from an increase in the number of clients. We have also increased the number of selling and marketing personnel from 416 at September 30, 2010 to 490 at September 30, 2011. In addition, the effects of foreign exchange resulted in an approximate 1.5% increase in total revenues during the quarter as compared with the third quarter of 2010 and accounted for the majority of the increase in the percent of revenue from customers outside of the U.S. Revenue growth for the current quarter was driven by a 20% increase in revenue in the marketing and strategy client

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group, an 18% increase in revenue in the technology industry client group, a 9% increase in revenue in the business technology client group and an increase in event revenue of approximately $0.9 million due largely to one additional event in the quarter. The acquisition of Springboard Research in May 2011 accounted for approximately 1% of revenue growth in the current quarter. We anticipate that the rate of year-over-year revenue growth in the fourth quarter of 2011 will be less than the rate achieved in the third quarter.
Cost of Services and Fulfillment
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Cost of services and fulfillment (dollars in millions)
  $ 25.1     $ 22.4     $ 2.7       12 %
Cost of services and fulfillment as a percentage of total revenues
    36 %     37 %     (1 )     (3 %)
Number of research and fulfillment employees (at end of period)
    552       448       104       23 %
The increase in cost of services and fulfillment in dollars during the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior period is primarily the result of increased compensation and benefits largely due to an increase in research and fulfillment employees and increased facility costs, partially offset by a reduction in the amount of incentive bonus earned with respect to the current quarter. The increase in facility costs is principally due to us incurring lease costs for both our new corporate headquarters and our previous headquarters during the quarter. The decrease in cost of services and fulfillment as a percentage of total revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior period is primarily due to the reduction in the amount of incentive bonus earned with respect to the current quarter.
Selling and Marketing
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Selling and marketing expenses (dollars in millions)
  $ 24.9     $ 20.2     $ 4.7       23 %
Selling and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues
    36 %     34 %     2       6 %
Selling and marketing employees (at end of period)
    490       416       74       18 %
The increase in selling and marketing expenses in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to an increase in compensation and benefits costs resulting from an increase in the number of selling and marketing employees and an increase in sales commissions. The increase is also attributable to increased facility costs and increased professional services costs. Subject to the business environment for our products and services, we have an ongoing initiative to expand our sales force by 15% to 20% annually. Increased sales of our research services are generally recognized over a twelve-month period, which typically results in an increase in selling and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue during periods of sales force expansion.
General and Administrative
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
General and administrative expenses (dollars in millions)
  $ 7.9     $ 9.5     $ (1.6 )     (16 %)
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues
    11 %     16 %     (5 )     (31 %)
General and administrative employees (at end of period)
    180       167       13       8 %
The decrease in general and administrative expense in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to a reduction in the amount of incentive bonus earned with respect to the current quarter and a reduction in the amount of costs incurred related to the development of customer facing technology in the current quarter as compared with the prior period.
Depreciation
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Depreciation expense (dollars in millions)
  $ 1.4     $ 0.9     $ 0.5       51 %
Depreciation expense as a percentage of total revenues
    2 %     2 %            
The increase in depreciation expense in dollars during the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior year is primarily due to the initiation of depreciation for our new corporate headquarters in August 2011. We expect depreciation expense in future periods to increase from the current quarter level due to our new corporate headquarters and the future implementation of customer facing technologies.

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Amortization of Intangible Assets
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Amortization expense (dollars in millions)
  $ 0.7     $ 0.9     $ (0.2 )     (25 %)
Amortization expense as a percentage of total revenues
    1 %     1 %            
The decrease in amortization expense in dollars during the three months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to certain intangible assets from the acquisition of Strategic Oxygen in December 2009 becoming fully amortized in the first quarter of 2011, partially offset by an increase in amortization from the acquisition of Springboard Research in May 2011.
Other Income (Expense), Net
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Other income (expense), net (dollars in millions)
  $ 0.4     $ (0.9 )   $ 1.3       140 %
Other income (expense), net as a percentage of total revenues
          (2 %)     2       100 %
The increase in other income (expense), net, during the three months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to a reduction in net foreign exchange losses to $0.2 million in the 2011 quarter compared to $1.5 million of foreign exchange losses in the prior year period.
Gains on Investments, Net
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Gains on investments, net (dollars in millions)
  $     $ 1.4     $ (1.4 )     (100 %)
Gains on investments, net as a percentage of total revenues
          2 %     (2 )     (100 %)
Gains on investments during the three months ended September 30, 2010 primarily represent our share of equity method investment gains from our technology-related investment funds. The gains in the 2010 quarter were primarily due to increases in the valuation of certain assets within the funds during the period. There were no such increases recognized during the 2011 quarter.
Provision for Income Taxes
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Provision for income taxes (dollars in millions)
  $ 4.4     $ 2.5     $ 1.9       73 %
Effective tax rate
    43 %     41 %     2       5 %
The increase in the effective tax rate during the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior year is primarily due to the 2011 period including tax expense from a valuation allowance recorded on certain deferred tax assets of foreign operations.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
Revenues
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
    (dollars in millions)                
Revenues
  $ 209.0     $ 183.6     $ 25.4       14 %
Revenues from research services
  $ 141.1     $ 123.1     $ 18.0       15 %
Revenues from advisory services and other
  $ 67.8     $ 60.5     $ 7.3       12 %
Revenues attributable to customers outside of the U.S.
  $ 62.0     $ 51.7     $ 10.3       20 %
Percentage of revenue attributable to customers outside of the U.S.
    30 %     28 %     2       7 %
Number of clients (at end of period)
    2,703       2,562       141       6 %
Number of events
    10       9       1       11 %
The increase in total revenues is principally the result of increased demand for our products and services from both the enrichment of our existing clients, as shown by our enrichment rate of 104% for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2011, as well as from an increase in the number of clients. We have also increased the

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number of selling and marketing personnel from 416 at September 30, 2010 to 490 at September 30, 2011. In addition, the effects of foreign exchange resulted in an approximate 1.5% increase in total revenues during the period as compared with the prior period and accounted for the majority of the increase in the percent of revenue from customers outside of the U.S. Revenue growth for the current quarter was driven by a 21% increase in revenue in the marketing and strategy client group, a 14% increase in revenue in the technology industry client group, a 7% increase in revenue in the business technology client group and an increase of $2.4 million of events revenue due to a combination of higher revenue per event and one additional event during the period. The acquisition of Springboard Research had an insignificant effect on revenue for the period.
Cost of Services and Fulfillment
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Cost of services and fulfillment (dollars in millions)
  $ 78.6     $ 69.0     $ 9.6       14 %
Cost of services and fulfillment as a percentage of total revenues
    38 %     38 %            
Number of research and fulfillment employees (at end of period)
    552       448       104       23 %
The increase in cost of services and fulfillment in dollars during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior period is primarily the result of increased compensation and benefits principally due to an increase in research and fulfillment employees, increased facility costs, and increased travel and entertainment expense due in part to an all-employee meeting in the first quarter of 2011. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in the amount of incentive bonus earned with respect to the third quarter of 2011. Facility costs recorded in costs of services and fulfillment increased approximately $2.5 million during the period primarily due to us incurring lease costs for both our new corporate headquarters and our previous headquarters in Cambridge. We recognized approximately eight months of lease costs in 2011 for our new headquarters during the construction period as we had access to the facility for construction purposes prior to our occupancy at the end of August 2011. Our lease at our prior headquarters expired on September 30, 2011.
Selling and Marketing
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Selling and marketing expenses (dollars in millions)
  $ 76.4     $ 61.0     $ 15.4       25 %
Selling and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues
    36 %     33 %     3       9 %
Selling and marketing employees (at end of period)
    490       416       74       18 %
The increase in selling and marketing expenses in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to an increase in compensation and benefits costs resulting from an increase in the number of selling and marketing employees and an increase in sales commissions. The increase is also attributable to increased travel and entertainment expense and increased facility costs. Subject to the business environment for our products and services, we have an ongoing initiative to expand our sales force by 15% to 20% annually. Increased sales of our research services are generally recognized over a twelve-month period, which typically results in an increase in selling and marketing expense as a percent of revenue during periods of sales force expansion. Facility costs recorded in selling and marketing increased approximately $1.8 million during the period primarily due to us incurring lease costs for both our new corporate headquarters and our previous headquarters in Cambridge as described above under “cost of services and fulfillment”.
General and Administrative
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
General and administrative expenses (dollars in millions)
  $ 25.2     $ 24.4     $ 0.8       3 %
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues
    12 %     13 %     (1 )     (8 %)
General and administrative employees (at end of period)
    180       167       13       8 %
The increase in general and administrative expense in dollars during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to an increase in facility costs, an increase in compensation and benefits costs resulting from an increase in the number of general and administrative employees, and acquisition and integration costs for Springboard Research of approximately $0.7 million in 2011. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in the amount of incentive bonus earned with respect to the third quarter of 2011 and a reduction in the amount of costs incurred during the 2011 period related to the development of customer facing technology. Facility costs recorded in general and administrative expense increased approximately $0.7 million during the period primarily due to us incurring lease costs for both our new corporate headquarters and our previous headquarters in Cambridge as described above under “cost of services and fulfillment”.

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Depreciation
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Depreciation expense (dollars in millions)
  $ 3.3     $ 2.7     $ 0.6       22 %
Depreciation expense as a percentage of total revenues
    2 %     2 %            
The increase in depreciation expense in dollars during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior year is primarily due to the initiation of depreciation for our new corporate headquarters in August 2011. We expect depreciation expense in future periods to increase from the current period level due to our new corporate headquarters and the future implementation of customer facing technologies.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Amortization expense (dollars in millions)
  $ 1.9     $ 2.7     $ (0.8 )     (30 %)
Amortization expense as a percentage of total revenues
    1 %     1 %            
The decrease in amortization expense in dollars during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to certain intangible assets from the acquisition of Strategic Oxygen in December 2009 becoming fully amortized in the first quarter of 2011, partially offset by an increase in amortization from the acquisition of Springboard Research in May 2011.
Other Income (Expense), Net
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Other income (expense), net (dollars in millions)
  $ 0.3     $ 1.3     $ (1.0 )     (79 %)
Other income (expense), net as a percentage of total revenues
          1 %     (1 )     (100 %)
The decrease in other income (expense), net, during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is primarily due to net foreign exchange losses of $1.2 million in the 2011 period compared to $0.7 million of foreign exchange losses in the prior year period. In addition, interest income decreased during 2011, primarily due to lower returns on invested capital.
Gains on Investments, Net
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Gains on investments, net (dollars in millions)
  $ 0.6     $ 1.8     $ (1.2 )     (65 %)
Gains on investments, net as a percentage of total revenues
    1 %     1 %            
Gains on investments during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 primarily represent our share of equity method investment gains from our technology-related investment funds. The gains during the 2011 and 2010 periods are primarily due to increases in the valuation of certain assets within the funds during the periods.
Provision for Income Taxes
                                 
    Nine Months Ended   Absolute   Percentage
    September 30,   Increase   Increase
    2011   2010   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
Provision for income taxes (dollars in millions)
  $ 10.4     $ 10.4     $        
Effective tax rate
    42 %     39 %     3       8 %
The increase in the effective tax rate during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the prior year is primarily due to the 2011 period including a tax expense from the remeasurement loss of a euro-denominated deferred tax liability compared to a credit from a remeasurement gain in the 2010 period and is also due to an increase in non-tax-deductible expenses in 2011, primarily related to the acquisition of Springboard Research.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have historically financed our operations primarily through funds generated from operations. Memberships for research services, which constituted approximately 68% of our revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, are annually renewable and are generally payable in advance. We generated cash from operating activities of $46.5 million and $37.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The $8.8 million increase in cash

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provided from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is attributable to an increase in cash from working capital primarily from a decrease in income tax payments due to the timing of the payments.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we used $48.9 million of cash from investing activities, consisting primarily of $22.1 million in net purchases of marketable investments, $33.2 million of purchases of property and equipment and $7.2 million for acquisitions. The property and equipment purchases were partially funded by $13.3 million of restricted cash that had been placed in escrow in 2009 for such purchases. Property and equipment purchases during the 2011 period consisted primarily of leasehold improvements for new facilities and also included purchases of software and computer equipment. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, we generated $7.4 million of cash from investing activities, consisting primarily of $13.1 million in proceeds from net maturities of marketable investments which were partially offset by $6.2 million of property and equipment purchases. In addition, restricted cash decreased by approximately $1.9 million primarily due to a release from an escrow account as the contingent purchase price element of the Strategic Oxygen acquisition was settled and paid during the first quarter of 2010. We regularly invest excess funds in short and intermediate-term interest-bearing obligations of investment grade.
We used $11.0 million of cash from financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 resulting from $18.4 million of purchases of our common stock, partially offset by $7.0 million of proceeds from exercises of stock options and our employee stock purchase plan. We used $2.8 million of cash from financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2010 resulting from $14.0 million of purchases of our common stock, partially offset by $10.8 million of proceeds from exercises of stock options and our employee stock purchase plan. At September 30, 2011, we had $79 million remaining on our stock repurchase authorization and we plan to continue to repurchase our common stock during the remainder of 2011, as market conditions warrant.
As of September 30, 2011, we held approximately $9.5 million ($11.0 million par value) of state and municipal bonds with an auction reset feature (auction rate securities or “ARS”). In February 2008, auctions began to fail for these securities and have continued to fail. As a result, our ability to liquidate our investment and fully recover the carrying value of our investment in the near term may be limited or not exist. Based on our expected operating cash flows and our cash resources, we do not anticipate the current lack of liquidity of our ARS investments will affect our ability to execute our current business plan.
As of September 30, 2011, we had cash and cash equivalents of $73.6 million and marketable investments and long-term investments of $148.6 million. We do not have a line of credit and do not presently anticipate the need to access a line of credit in the foreseeable future. We believe that our current cash balance, marketable investments, and cash flows from operations will satisfy working capital, financing activities, and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next two years.
Contractual Obligations
There have been no material changes to the contractual obligations table as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not maintain any off-balance sheet financing arrangements.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes in our assessment of our sensitivity to market risk since our presentation set forth in Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined under Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2011. Based upon their evaluation and subject to the foregoing, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance as of that date.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2011 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information set forth in this Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A: Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risk factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K remain applicable to our business. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Through September 30, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized an aggregate $260 million to purchase common stock under our stock repurchase program, including $60 million authorized in 2010 and $50 million authorized in 2009. During the quarter ended September 30, 2011, we purchased the following shares of our common stock under the stock repurchase program:

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                    Maximum Dollar
                    Value that May
                    Yet be Purchased
    Total Number of   Average Price   Under the Stock
Period   Shares Purchased (1)   Paid per Share   Repurchase Program
                    (In thousands)
July 1- July 31
        $     $ 84,010  
August 1 - August 31
    136,391     $ 32.16     $ 79,624  
September 1 - September 30
    19,302     $ 32.38     $ 79,000  
 
                       
 
    155,693                  
 
                       
 
(1)   All purchases of our common stock were made under the stock repurchase program first announced in 2002.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
     
31.1
  Certification of the Principal Executive Officer. (filed herewith)
 
   
31.2
  Certification of the Principal Financial Officer. (filed herewith)
 
   
32.1
  Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
 
   
32.2
  Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.INS*
  XBRL Instance Document. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.SCH*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.CAL*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.LAB*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.PRE*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase. (furnished herewith)
 
*   Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive date files shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability under that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
         
  FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Michael A. Doyle    
    Michael A. Doyle   
    Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal financial officer) 
 
 
Date: November 4, 2011

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Exhibit Index
     
Exhibit    
No.   Document
31.1
  Certification of the Principal Executive Officer. (filed herewith)
 
   
31.2
  Certification of the Principal Financial Officer. (filed herewith)
 
   
32.1
  Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
 
   
32.2
  Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.INS*
  XBRL Instance Document. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.SCH*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.CAL*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.LAB*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase. (furnished herewith)
 
   
101.PRE*
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase. (furnished herewith)
 
*   Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive date files shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability under that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.