Front Yard Residential Corp - Quarter Report: 2015 June (Form 10-Q)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2015
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO __________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 001-35657
Altisource Residential Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MARYLAND | 46-0633510 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
c/o Altisource Asset Management Corporation
36C Strand Street
Christiansted, United States Virgin Islands 00820
(Address of principal executive office)
(340) 692-1055
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer | x | Accelerated Filer | o | |
Non-Accelerated Filer | o | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller Reporting Company | o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
As of July 31, 2015, 57,216,166 shares of our common stock were outstanding.
Altisource Residential Corporation
June 30, 2015
Table of Contents
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References in this report to "we," "our," "us," or the "Company" refer to Altisource Residential Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated. References in this report to “AAMC” refer to Altisource Asset Management Corporation, unless otherwise indicated. References in this report to “Altisource” refer to Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated. References in this report to “Ocwen” refer to Ocwen Financial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated.
Special note on forward-looking statements
Our disclosure and analysis in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, which we refer to as the “Securities Act,” and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which we refer to as the “Exchange Act.” In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” or “potential” or the negative of these words and phrases or similar words or phrases which are predictions of or indicate future events or trends and which do not relate solely to historical matters. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions.
The forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our current views about future events and are subject to numerous known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and changes in circumstances that may cause our actual results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Factors that may materially affect such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
• | our ability to implement our business strategy; |
• | our ability to make distributions to our stockholders; |
• | our ability to acquire assets for our portfolio; |
• | the impact of changes to the supply of, value of and the returns on sub-performing and non-performing loans and single-family rental properties; |
• | our ability to convert loans to rental properties generating attractive returns; |
• | our ability to predict our costs; |
• | our ability to effectively compete with our competitors; |
• | our ability to apply the proceeds from financing activities to target assets in a timely manner; |
• | changes in interest rates and the market value of the collateral underlying our sub-performing and non-performing loan portfolios or acquired properties; |
• | our ability to obtain and access financing arrangements on favorable terms, or at all; |
• | our ability to maintain adequate liquidity; |
• | our ability to retain our engagement of AAMC; |
• | the failure of Altisource to effectively perform its obligations under various agreements with us; |
• | the failure of our mortgage loan servicers to effectively perform their servicing obligations; |
• | our failure to maintain qualification as a REIT; |
• | our failure to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act; |
• | the impact of adverse real estate, mortgage or housing markets; |
• | the impact of adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes; and |
• | general economic and market conditions. |
While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs, assumptions and expectations, they are not guarantees of future performance. Such forward-looking statements speak only as of their respective dates, and we assume no obligation to update them to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information or otherwise. For a further discussion of these and other factors that could cause our future results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements, please see "Item 1A. Risk factors” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.
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Part I
Item 1. Financial statements (unaudited)
Certain information contained herein is presented as of July 31, 2015, which we have concluded is the latest practicable date for financial information prior to the filing of this quarterly report.
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Altisource Residential Corporation
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | ||||||
Assets: | |||||||
Real estate held for use: | |||||||
Land | $ | 23,743 | $ | 14,424 | |||
Rental residential properties (net of accumulated depreciation of $3,351 and $1,062, respectively) | 97,533 | 60,908 | |||||
Real estate owned | 548,137 | 457,045 | |||||
Total real estate held for use, net | 669,413 | 532,377 | |||||
Real estate assets held for sale | 134,027 | 92,230 | |||||
Mortgage loans at fair value | 1,716,489 | 1,959,044 | |||||
Mortgage loans held for sale | 5,977 | 12,535 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 70,502 | 66,166 | |||||
Restricted cash | 18,459 | 13,282 | |||||
Accounts receivable | 45,981 | 10,313 | |||||
Related party receivables | — | 17,491 | |||||
Investment in affiliate | 18,000 | 18,000 | |||||
Deferred leasing and financing costs, net | 8,605 | 4,251 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 6,184 | 373 | |||||
Total assets | $ | 2,693,637 | $ | 2,726,062 | |||
Liabilities: | |||||||
Repurchase and loan and security agreements | $ | 810,236 | $ | 1,015,000 | |||
Other secured borrowings (including $14,991 repurchase agreement with NewSource at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014) | 538,916 | 339,082 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 54,247 | 11,678 | |||||
Related party payables | 5,163 | 33,391 | |||||
Total liabilities | 1,408,562 | 1,399,151 | |||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6) | |||||||
Equity: | |||||||
Common stock, $.01 par value, 200,000,000 authorized shares; 57,216,166 and 57,192,212 shares issued and outstanding, at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively | 572 | 572 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,227,246 | 1,227,091 | |||||
Retained earnings | 57,257 | 99,248 | |||||
Total equity | 1,285,075 | 1,326,911 | |||||
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 2,693,637 | $ | 2,726,062 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Altisource Residential Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Three months ended June 30, 2015 | Three months ended June 30, 2014 | Six months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | ||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||
Rental revenues | $ | 2,140 | $ | 181 | $ | 3,540 | $ | 250 | |||||||
Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans | 42,209 | 105,042 | 103,343 | 170,172 | |||||||||||
Net realized gain on mortgage loans | 19,272 | 10,819 | 34,654 | 20,140 | |||||||||||
Net realized gain on re-performing mortgage loans | 254 | — | 405 | — | |||||||||||
Net realized gain on real estate | 12,404 | 1,234 | 23,012 | 1,234 | |||||||||||
Interest income | 240 | 81 | 480 | 189 | |||||||||||
Total revenues | 76,519 | 117,357 | 165,434 | 191,985 | |||||||||||
Expenses: | |||||||||||||||
Residential property operating expenses | 16,857 | 3,253 | 29,316 | 4,303 | |||||||||||
Real estate depreciation and amortization | 1,344 | 103 | 2,342 | 151 | |||||||||||
Real estate selling costs and impairment | 8,839 | 2,879 | 23,530 | 3,233 | |||||||||||
Mortgage loan servicing costs | 16,246 | 16,925 | 34,512 | 28,362 | |||||||||||
Interest expense | 13,398 | 6,945 | 25,041 | 12,653 | |||||||||||
General and administrative | 1,569 | 2,808 | 6,350 | 3,846 | |||||||||||
Related party general and administrative | 5,151 | 17,467 | 20,801 | 30,099 | |||||||||||
Total expenses | 63,404 | 50,380 | 141,892 | 82,647 | |||||||||||
Other income | — | 383 | 2,000 | 383 | |||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 13,115 | 67,360 | 25,542 | 109,721 | |||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 23 | (422 | ) | 26 | 26 | ||||||||||
Net income | $ | 13,092 | $ | 67,782 | $ | 25,516 | $ | 109,695 | |||||||
Earnings per share of common stock – basic: | |||||||||||||||
Earnings per basic share | $ | 0.23 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 1.98 | |||||||
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic | 57,208,273 | 57,138,695 | 57,204,602 | 55,297,630 | |||||||||||
Earnings per share of common stock – diluted: | |||||||||||||||
Earnings per diluted share | $ | 0.23 | $ | 1.18 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 1.97 | |||||||
Weighted average common stock outstanding – diluted | 57,407,845 | 57,401,953 | 57,407,253 | 55,754,685 | |||||||||||
Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 1.18 | $ | 0.93 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Altisource Residential Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Common stock | ||||||||||||||
Number of shares | Amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Total equity | ||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | 57,192,212 | $ | 572 | $ | 1,227,091 | $ | 99,248 | $ | 1,326,911 | |||||
Issuance of common stock, including stock option exercises | 23,954 | — | 62 | — | 62 | |||||||||
Dividends on common stock ($1.18 per share) | — | — | — | (67,507 | ) | (67,507 | ) | |||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | 93 | — | 93 | |||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 25,516 | 25,516 | |||||||||
June 30, 2015 | 57,216,166 | $ | 572 | $ | 1,227,246 | $ | 57,257 | $ | 1,285,075 |
Common stock | ||||||||||||||
Number of shares | Amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Total equity | ||||||||||
December 31, 2013 | 42,286,669 | $ | 423 | $ | 758,584 | $ | 26,420 | $ | 785,427 | |||||
Issuance of common stock, including stock option exercises | 14,875,402 | 149 | 483,457 | — | 483,606 | |||||||||
Cost of issuance of common stock | — | — | (15,215 | ) | — | (15,215 | ) | |||||||
Dividends on common stock ($0.93 per share) | — | — | — | (53,118 | ) | (53,118 | ) | |||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | 113 | — | 113 | |||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 109,695 | 109,695 | |||||||||
June 30, 2014 | 57,162,071 | $ | 572 | $ | 1,226,939 | $ | 82,997 | $ | 1,310,508 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Altisource Residential Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)(Unaudited)
Six months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | ||||||
Operating activities: | |||||||
Net income | $ | 25,516 | $ | 109,695 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: | |||||||
Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans | (103,343 | ) | (170,172 | ) | |||
Net realized gain on mortgage loans | (34,654 | ) | (20,140 | ) | |||
Net realized gain on sale of re-performing mortgage loans | (405 | ) | — | ||||
Net realized gain on sale of real estate | (23,012 | ) | (1,293 | ) | |||
Real estate depreciation and amortization | 2,342 | 151 | |||||
Real estate selling costs and impairment | 23,530 | 3,233 | |||||
Accretion of interest on re-performing mortgage loans | (469 | ) | — | ||||
Share-based compensation | 93 | 113 | |||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 2,218 | 1,171 | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||
Accounts receivable | 4,214 | 797 | |||||
Related party receivables | — | 4,952 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | (180 | ) | (180 | ) | |||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 7,004 | 1,061 | |||||
Related party payables | (22,407 | ) | 26,068 | ||||
Net cash used in operating activities | (119,553 | ) | (44,544 | ) | |||
Investing activities: | |||||||
Investment in mortgage loans | — | (1,056,493 | ) | ||||
Investment in real estate | — | (27,569 | ) | ||||
Investment in renovations | (11,001 | ) | (1,700 | ) | |||
Real estate tax advances | (14,443 | ) | (14,368 | ) | |||
Mortgage loan dispositions | 107,887 | 70,379 | |||||
Mortgage loan payments | 12,447 | 7,951 | |||||
Disposition of real estate | 70,916 | 3,466 | |||||
Acquisition related deposits | (5,631 | ) | — | ||||
Change in restricted cash | (5,177 | ) | (4,391 | ) | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 154,998 | (1,022,725 | ) | ||||
Financing activities: | |||||||
Issuance of common stock, including stock option exercises | 134 | 487,142 | |||||
Payment of tax withholdings on exercise of stock options | (72 | ) | (3,536 | ) | |||
Cost of issuance of common stock | — | (15,215 | ) | ||||
Dividends on common stock | (36,038 | ) | (53,118 | ) | |||
Proceeds from issuance of other secured debt | 221,691 | — | |||||
Repayments of secured notes | (21,306 | ) | — | ||||
Proceeds from repurchase agreement | 109,683 | 749,240 | |||||
Repayments of repurchase agreement | (298,078 | ) | (80,139 | ) | |||
Payment of deferred financing costs | (7,123 | ) | (2,335 | ) | |||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (31,109 | ) | 1,082,039 | ||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 4,336 | 14,770 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of the period | 66,166 | 115,988 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents as of end of the period | $ | 70,502 | $ | 130,758 | |||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||
Cash paid for interest | $ | 21,732 | $ | 10,496 | |||
Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned | 271,547 | 220,971 | |||||
Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans | 2,865 | 3,594 | |||||
Change in accrued capital expenditures | (1,732 | ) | 1,746 | ||||
Changes in receivables from mortgage loan dispositions, payments and real estate tax advances to borrowers, net | 36,359 | 4,796 | |||||
Changes in receivables from real estate owned dispositions | 1,369 | — | |||||
Dividends declared but not paid | 31,469 | — |
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Altisource Residential Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2015
(Unaudited)
1. Organization and basis of presentation
Altisource Residential Corporation is a Maryland REIT focused on acquiring and managing single-family rental properties throughout the United States. We conduct substantially all of our activities through our wholly owned subsidiary Altisource Residential, L.P. and its subsidiaries. To date, we have acquired our rental properties primarily through the acquisition of sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loan portfolios, which is a differentiated approach that we believe strategically positions us to take advantage of market opportunities better than market participants that are solely focused on real estate-owned (“REO”) acquisitions. Given evolving market conditions, commencing in the second quarter of 2015, we expanded our acquisition strategy to opportunistically acquire portfolios of single-family rental properties as an avenue to more quickly achieve scale in our rental portfolio where we believe the economics make sense. We also commenced a program to begin purchasing REO properties on a one-by-one basis sourcing listed properties from the Multiple Listing Service ("MLS") and alternative listing sources. We expect the first purchases of this program to occur in the third quarter of 2015.
On December 21, 2012 we became a stand-alone publicly traded company with an initial capital contribution of $100 million. We have a long-term service agreement with Altisource Portfolio Solutions, SA (“Altisource”), a leading provider of real estate and mortgage portfolio management, asset recovery and customer relationship management services. We also have servicing agreements with three separate mortgage loan servicers.
We are managed by Altisource Asset Management Corporation ("AAMC"). We rely on AAMC for administering our business and performing certain of our corporate governance functions. AAMC also provides portfolio management services in connection with our acquisition and management of sub-performing and non-performing loans and REO properties. AAMC was formed on March 15, 2012 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Altisource and was spun off from Altisource into a stand-alone publicly traded company concurrently with our separation from Altisource. On March 31, 2015, we entered into a new asset management agreement with AAMC (the “New AMA”) with an effective date of April 1, 2015. Prior to the AMA, we were party to a different asset management agreement with AAMC (the “Original AMA”) pursuant to which we paid incentive fees, which we refer to as “incentive management fees,” that gave AAMC a share of cash flow available for distribution to our stockholders as well as reimbursement for certain overhead and operating expenses. The New AMA provides for a new fee structure in which we pay AAMC a base management fee, an incentive management fee and a conversion fee for loans and REOs that become rental properties during each quarter versus the incentive management fee and expense reimbursement structure under the Original AMA. For additional details on the New AMA, please see “Note 7. Related Party Transactions.”
Since we commenced operations, we have completed three public equity offerings with aggregate net proceeds of approximately $1.1 billion. We also entered into three separate repurchase agreements to finance our acquisition and ownership of residential mortgage loans and REO properties. The maximum aggregate funding available under these repurchase agreements at December 31, 2014 was $1.2 billion. On April 10, 2015, we also entered into a loan and security agreement (the “Nomura loan agreement”) with Nomura Corporate Funding Americas, LLC (“Nomura”). The purpose of the Nomura loan agreement is to finance our beneficial ownership of REO properties. The maximum aggregate funding available to us under the repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement as of June 30, 2015 was $1.0 billion, subject to certain sublimits, eligibility requirements and conditions precedent to each funding. As of June 30, 2015, an aggregate of $810.2 million was outstanding under our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement. All obligations of our subsidiaries under the repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement are fully guaranteed by us.
Each of our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement is described below:
• | Credit Suisse (“CS”) is the lender on the repurchase agreement entered into on March 22, 2013, (the “CS repurchase agreement”) with an initial aggregate maximum borrowing capacity of $100.0 million. During 2014 the CS repurchase agreement was amended on several occasions, ultimately increasing the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity to $225.0 million on December 31, 2014 with a maturity date of April 20, 2015, subject to an additional one-year extension with the approval of the lender. On April 20, 2015, we entered into an amended and restated repurchase agreement with CS that increased our aggregate borrowing capacity from $225.0 million to $275.0 million, increased the REO sublimit under the facility and extended the maturity date to April 18, 2016. |
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• | Deutsche Bank (“DB”) is the lender on the repurchase agreement entered into on September 12, 2013 (the “DB repurchase agreement”). The DB repurchase agreement matures on March 11, 2016 and includes a provision that after March 2015, we are not eligible for additional funding under the facility, thereby reducing our aggregate funding capacity under the DB repurchase agreement to $91.8 million, which was the amount outstanding under the facility on June 30, 2015. |
• | Wells Fargo (“Wells”) is the lender on the repurchase agreement entered into on September 23, 2013 (the “Wells repurchase agreement”) with an initial aggregate maximum borrowing capacity of $200.0 million. Throughout 2013 and 2014 the Wells repurchase agreement was amended several times increasing the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity to a high of $1.0 billion, and on December 31, 2014 was reduced to $750.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, to reflect the securitization of a significant portion of our non-performing loans that previously had been financed under the Wells repurchase agreement. The maturity date of the Wells repurchase agreement was March 23, 2015. However, on February 20, 2015, we exercised our option to extend the termination date of this facility to March 23, 2016 without any additional funding, thereby reducing our aggregate funding capacity under the Wells repurchase agreement to $471.3 million on June 30, 2015, which was the amount outstanding under the facility at that date. We are in discussions with Wells to further extend the repurchase agreement with an ability to obtain additional funding. No assurance can be provided that we will be able to renew this facility on reasonable terms, on a timely basis or at all. |
The agreement calls for the advance rate to be reduced by 10% after the first 90 days of the extension term. The 10% reduction date has been extended for an additional 90 days while the parties are negotiating an amended and restated repurchase agreement.
• | Nomura is the lender on the Nomura loan agreement entered into on April 10, 2015 with an initial aggregate maximum funding capacity of $100.0 million. On May 12, 2015, we amended the terms of the Nomura loan agreement to increase the aggregate maximum funding capacity to $200.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, eligibility requirements and conditions precedent to each funding. The Nomura loan agreement terminates on April 8, 2016. |
Since September 2014, we have also completed three securitization transactions, each of which is summarized below:
• | On June 29, 2015, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2015-1 ("ARLP 2015-1") issued $205.0 million in Class A Notes (the “ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes”) with a weighted coupon of approximately 4.01% and $60.0 million in Class M Notes (the “ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes”). We retained $34.0 million of the ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and all of the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes. No interest will be paid on any ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes while any ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes remain outstanding. The ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2015-1 and not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2015-1 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes. The ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes mature on May 25, 2055, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2015-1 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2015-1 was $275.7 million. |
• | On November 25, 2014, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-2 ("ARLP 2014-2") issued $270.8 million in Class A Notes (the “ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes”) with a weighted coupon of approximately 3.85% and $234.0 million in Class M Notes (the “ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes”). We initially retained $95.8 million of the ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and all of the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes. On February 9, 2015, we sold $50.7 million of the retained ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes to an unrelated third party. No interest will be paid on any ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes while any ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes remain outstanding. The ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2014-2 and not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2014-2 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes. The ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes mature on January 26, 2054, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2014-2 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2014-2 was $329.0 million. |
• | On September 25, 2014, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-1 (“ARLP 2014-1”) issued $150.0 million in Class A Notes (the “ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes”) with a weighted coupon of approximately 3.47% and $32.0 million in Class M Notes (the “ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes”) with a weighted coupon of 4.25%. The ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2014-1 and not by any of our other assets. The assets of |
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ARLP 2014-1 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes. The ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes mature on September 25, 2044, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2014-1 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2014-1 was $208.5 million.
We retained all of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes in our taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”). On September 30, 2014, pursuant to a master repurchase agreement, the TRS sold $15.0 million of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes to NewSource. The master repurchase agreement initially required the TRS to repurchase the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes from NewSource at a 5.0% yield on December 28, 2014, with the parties having the option to extend the master repurchase agreement for additional 89-day periods. In no event can the master repurchase agreement be extended beyond September 29, 2015. The agreement is currently due to expire on September 22, 2015.
For a more complete description of our repurchase agreements, loan and security agreement and securitization transactions, please see “Note 5. Borrowings.”
Basis of presentation and use of estimates
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States which we refer to as "U.S. GAAP." All wholly owned subsidiaries are included and all intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
The unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying unaudited consolidated financial information, in our opinion, contain all adjustments that are of a normal recurring nature and necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. The interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. We have omitted certain notes and other information from the interim consolidated financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report as permitted by SEC rules and regulations. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our 2014 annual report on Form 10-K.
Recently issued accounting standards
In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-03, Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) - Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs are presented on the balance sheet as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability instead of being presented as an asset. Debt disclosures will include the face amount of the debt liability and the effective interest rate. The standard requires retrospective application and represents a change in accounting principle. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the impact of adopting this standard to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810) – Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. ASU 2015-02 makes targeted amendments to the current consolidation guidance that change the analysis a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. This guidance addresses concerns that current accounting might require a reporting entity to consolidate another legal entity in situations in which the reporting entity’s contractual rights do not give it the ability to act primarily on its own behalf, the reporting entity does not hold a majority of the legal entity’s voting rights, or the reporting entity is not exposed to a majority of the legal entity’s economic benefits or obligations. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early application is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of ASU 2015-02 on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model requiring a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount reflecting the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 may be applied using either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach and is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods
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within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. We do not expect this amendment to have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations.
2. Mortgage loans
Acquisitions of non-performing residential mortgage loans
During the six months ended June 30, 2015, we did not acquire any portfolios of non-performing residential mortgage loans. During the six months ended June 30, 2014, we acquired an aggregate of 5,797 residential mortgage loans, substantially all of which were non-performing, and 190 REO properties having an aggregate UPB of approximately $1.6 billion and an aggregate market value of underlying properties of approximately $1.4 billion. The aggregate purchase price for these acquisitions was approximately $940.5 million.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we recognized $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, for due diligence costs related to a potential purchase of a portfolio we did not ultimately acquire. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we recognized $2.4 million and $2.9 million, respectively, for due diligence costs related to transactions in both general and administrative expense and related party general and administrative expense.
Generally, we expect that our residential mortgage loan and REO portfolios may grow at an uneven pace, as opportunities to acquire distressed residential mortgage loans and REO portfolios may be irregularly timed and may involve large portfolios of loans or REO, and the timing and extent of our success in acquiring such assets cannot be predicted. In addition, for any given portfolio of loans that we agree to acquire, we typically acquire fewer loans than originally expected, as certain loans may be resolved prior to the closing date or may fail to meet our diligence standards. The number of loans excluded from an acquisition typically constitutes a relatively small portion of a particular portfolio. In some cases, the number of loans we do not acquire could be significant. In any case where we do not acquire the full portfolio, appropriate adjustments are made to the applicable purchase price.
Throughout this report, all unpaid principal balance and market value amounts for the portfolios we have acquired are provided as of “cut-off date” for each transaction unless otherwise indicated. The “cut-off date” for each acquisition is a date shortly before the closing used to identify the final loans being purchased and the related unpaid principal balance, market value of underlying properties and other characteristics of the loans.
Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned
During the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, we transferred 687 and 894 mortgage loans, respectively, to REO at an aggregate fair value based on broker price opinions ("BPOs") of $133.9 million and $120.8 million, respectively. Such transfers occur when the foreclosure sale is complete. In connection with these transfers to REO, we recorded $14.7 million and $28.5 million, respectively, in net unrealized gains on mortgage loans.
During the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, we transferred 1,411 and 1,530 mortgage loans, respectively, to REO at an aggregate fair value based on BPOs of $268.7 million and $217.4 million, respectively. Such transfers occur when the foreclosure sale is complete. In connection with these transfers to REO, we recorded $33.1 million and $52.1 million, respectively, in net unrealized gains on mortgage loans. At June 30, 2015, we had 6,316 loans with a carrying value of $1.3 billion that were in the foreclosure process compared to 7,841 loans with a carrying value of $1.5 billion at December 31, 2014.
Dispositions of non-performing residential mortgage loans
During the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, we disposed of 270 and 135 mortgage loans, respectively, primarily through short sales, refinancing, foreclosure sales, and sale of loans that had transitioned to re-performing loans from prior non-performing loan acquisitions. In connection with these dispositions, we recorded $19.3 million and $10.8 million, respectively, of net realized gains on mortgage loans.
During the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, we disposed of 420 and 251 mortgage loans, respectively, primarily through short sales, refinancing, foreclosure sales, and sale of loans that had transitioned to re-performing loans from prior non-performing loan acquisitions. In connection with these dispositions, we recorded $34.7 million and $20.1 million, respectively, of net realized gains on mortgage loans.
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Acquisition and dispositions of re-performing residential mortgage loans
On June 27, 2014, we acquired 879 re-performing mortgage loans with an aggregate market value of underlying properties of $271.1 million for an aggregate purchase price of $144.6 million. Under ASC 310-30, acquired loans may be aggregated and accounted for as a pool of loans if the loans being aggregated have common risk characteristics. A pool is accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows. These 879 re-performing residential mortgage loans were determined to have common risk characteristics and have been accounted for as a single loan pool.
During October 2014, we sold an aggregate of 934 re-performing loans to an unrelated third party for an aggregate purchase price of $164 million. The sale included 770 loans from the re-performing mortgage loans purchased in June 2014, and 164 loans that had transitioned to re-performing status from prior non-performing loan acquisitions. During June 2015, we sold an aggregate of 189 re-performing loans to an unrelated third party for an aggregate purchase price of $34.6 million. The sale included 52 loans from the re-performing mortgage loans purchased in June 2014, and 137 loans that had transitioned to re-performing status from prior non-performing loan acquisitions. Approximately $2.0 million of the proceeds from the June 2015 re-performing loan sale were used to purchase the loans out of our ARLP 2014-1 and ARLP 2014-2 securitizations and approximately $16.4 million of the proceeds were used to purchase the loans out of our Wells repurchase facility. Therefore, our net proceeds from the June 2015 re-performing loan sale were approximately $16.2 million.
Under ASC 310-30, we estimate cash flows expected to be collected, adjusted for expected prepayments and defaults expected to be incurred over the life of the loan pool. We determine the excess of the loan pool's contractually required principal and interest payments over the expected cash flows as an amount that should not be accreted, the nonaccretable yield. The difference between expected cash flows and the present value of the expected cash flows is referred to as the accretable yield, which represents the amount that is expected to be recorded as interest income over the remaining life of the loan pool. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we recognized no provision for loan loss and no adjustments to the amount of the accretable yield. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we accreted $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, into interest income with respect to our re-performing loans. As of June 30, 2015, these re-performing loans, having a UPB of $8.8 million and a carrying value of $6.0 million, were held for sale.
The following tables present information regarding the estimates of the contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected as of the date of the acquisition and changes in the balance of the accretable yield ($ in thousands):
Six months ended June 30, 2015 | ||||||
Accretable Yield | Carrying Amount of Loans | |||||
Balance at the beginning of the period | $ | 7,640 | $ | 12,535 | ||
Additions | — | 37 | ||||
Payments and other reductions, net | (3,285 | ) | (7,064 | ) | ||
Accretion | (469 | ) | 469 | |||
Balance at the end of the period | $ | 3,886 | $ | 5,977 |
3. Real estate assets, net
Acquisitions
During the six months ended June 30, 2015, we acquired no REO properties. During three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we acquired 190 REO properties as part of our portfolio acquisitions for an aggregate purchase price of $27.6 million.
On June 28, 2015, we entered into an agreement (the “IH Purchase Agreement”) to purchase an aggregate of 1,325 REO properties, the substantial majority of which were rented and occupied, from certain subsidiaries of Invitation Homes (“Invitation Homes”) for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $112.6 million (the “IH Transaction”). The IH Purchase Agreement provided for a 30-day contingency period after signing in which we were entitled to complete due diligence on the REO properties, with each of Invitation Homes and us having the ability to terminate the IH Purchase Agreement based on the due diligence results. On July 28, 2015, the contingency period expired, and Invitation Homes and we determined to move forward with the closing of the IH Transaction. We currently expect to complete the IH Transaction in the third quarter of 2015. There can be no assurance that we will be able to complete the IH Transaction on a timely basis or at all.
Real estate held for use
As of June 30, 2015, we had 3,977 REO properties held for use. Of these properties, 777 had been rented, 96 were being listed for rent and 111 were in varying stages of renovation. With respect to the remaining 2,993 REO properties, we will make a final determination whether each property meets our rental profile after (a) applicable state redemption periods have expired, (b) the foreclosure sale has been ratified, (c) we have recorded the deed for the property, (d) utilities have been activated and (e) we have secured access for interior inspection. A majority of the REO properties are subject to state regulations which require us to await the expiration of a redemption period before a foreclosure can be finalized. We include these redemption periods in our portfolio pricing which generally reduces the price we pay for the mortgage loans. Once the redemption period expires, we immediately proceed to record the new deed, take possession of the property, activate utilities, and start the inspection process in order to make our final determination.
As of December 31, 2014, we had 3,349 REO properties held for use. Of these properties, 336 had been rented, 197 were being listed for rent and 254 were in various stages of renovation. With respect to the remaining 2,562 REO properties, we were in the process of determining whether these properties would meet our rental profile. As of June 30, 2014, we had 1,766 REO properties held for use. Of these properties, 102 had been rented, 40 were being listed for rent and 140 were in various stages of renovation. With respect to the remaining 1,484 REO properties, we were in the process of determining whether these properties would meet our rental profile. If a REO property meets our rental profile, we determine the extent of renovations that are needed to generate an optimal rent and maintain consistency of renovation specifications for future branding. If we determine that the REO property will not meet our rental profile, we list the property for sale, in certain instances after renovations are made to optimize the sale proceeds.
Real estate held for sale
As of June 30, 2015, we classified 819 REO properties having an aggregate carrying value of $134.0 million as real estate held for sale as they do not meet our residential rental property investment criteria. As of December 31, 2014, we had 611 REO properties having an aggregate carrying value of $92.2 million held for sale, and as of June 30, 2014, we had 192 REO properties having an aggregate carrying value of $27.6 million held for sale. None of these REO properties have any operations; therefore, we are not presenting discontinued operations related to these properties.
We record residential properties held for sale at the lower of either the carrying amount of REO or its estimated fair value less estimated selling costs. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value, as adjusted, we record impairment equal to the amount of such excess. If an increase in fair value is noted at a subsequent measurement date, a gain is recognized to the extent of any previous impairment recognized. As of June 30, 2015 we had $7.8 million of impairment on the 819 REO properties having a fair value of $153.9 million. As of December 31, 2014 we had $4.9 million of impairment on the 611 REO properties having a fair value of $96.0 million. There was no impairment on the 192 REO properties held at June 30, 2014.
Dispositions
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we disposed of 321 and 575 REO properties, respectively, and recorded $12.4 million and $23.0 million of net realized gains on real estate, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we disposed of 22 and 24 REO properties, respectively, and recorded $1.2 million of net realized gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014.
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4. Fair value of financial instruments
The following table sets forth the fair value of financial assets and liabilities by level within the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||
Quoted prices in active markets | Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices | Unobservable inputs | |||||||
June 30, 2015 | |||||||||
Recurring basis (assets) | |||||||||
Mortgage loans | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,716,489 | |||
Nonrecurring basis (assets) | |||||||||
Real estate assets held for sale | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 153,868 | |||
Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 2,865 | |||
Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 271,547 | |||
Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (assets) | |||||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 5,977 | |||
Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (liabilities) | |||||||||
Repurchase agreements at fair value | $ | — | $ | 810,236 | $ | — | |||
Other secured borrowings | $ | — | $ | 536,491 | $ | — | |||
December 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Recurring basis (assets) | |||||||||
Mortgage loans | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,959,044 | |||
Nonrecurring basis (assets) | |||||||||
Real estate assets held for sale | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 96,041 | |||
Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 8,400 | |||
Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 595,668 | |||
Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (assets) | |||||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 12,535 | |||
Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (liabilities) | |||||||||
Repurchase agreements at fair value | $ | — | $ | 1,015,000 | $ | — | |||
Other secured borrowings | $ | — | $ | 336,409 | $ | — |
We have not transferred any assets from one level to another level during the six months ended June 30, 2015 or during the year ended December 31, 2014.
The carrying values of our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, related party receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, related party payables and investment in NewSource are equal to or approximate fair value. The fair value of mortgage loans is estimated using our asset manager's proprietary pricing model. The fair value of transfers of mortgage loans to real estate owned is estimated using BPOs. The fair value of re-performing mortgage loans held for sale is estimated using the present value of the future estimated principal and interest payments of the loan, with the discount rate used in the present value calculation representing the estimated effective yield of the loan. The fair value of the repurchase agreements is estimated using the income approach based on credit spreads available to us currently in the market for similar floating rate debt. The fair value of other secured borrowings is estimated using observable market data.
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The following table sets forth the changes in our level 3 assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands):
Three months ended June 30, 2015 | Three months ended June 30, 2014 | Six months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | ||||||||||||
Mortgage loans | |||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 1,853,495 | $ | 1,766,142 | $ | 1,959,044 | $ | 1,207,163 | |||||||
Investment in mortgage loans | — | 300,503 | — | 913,011 | |||||||||||
Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans | 42,209 | 105,042 | 103,343 | 170,172 | |||||||||||
Net realized gain on mortgage loans | 19,272 | 10,819 | 34,654 | 20,140 | |||||||||||
Mortgage loan dispositions and payments | (82,070 | ) | (44,314 | ) | (147,238 | ) | (83,772 | ) | |||||||
Real estate tax advances to borrowers | 4,264 | 4,716 | 11,391 | 12,722 | |||||||||||
Reclassification of realized gains on real estate sold from unrealized gains | 13,175 | — | 23,977 | — | |||||||||||
Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans | 1,509 | 5,563 | 2,865 | 5,563 | |||||||||||
Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned | (135,365 | ) | (124,443 | ) | (271,547 | ) | (220,971 | ) | |||||||
Ending balance at June 30 | $ | 1,716,489 | $ | 2,024,028 | $ | 1,716,489 | $ | 2,024,028 | |||||||
Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans held at the end of the period | $ | 29,784 | $ | 70,623 | $ | 80,852 | $ | 108,820 |
The following table sets forth the fair value of our non-performing mortgage loans, the related unpaid principal balance and market value of underlying properties by delinquency status as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Number of loans | Carrying value | Unpaid principal balance | Market value of underlying properties(1) | ||||||||
June 30, 2015 | |||||||||||
Current | 727 | $ | 117,544 | $ | 165,532 | $ | 169,272 | ||||
30 | 102 | 16,148 | 22,309 | 24,784 | |||||||
60 | 59 | 7,128 | 10,398 | 11,972 | |||||||
90 | 1,930 | 316,877 | 493,893 | 477,131 | |||||||
Foreclosure | 6,316 | 1,258,792 | 1,767,873 | 1,654,676 | |||||||
Mortgage loans | 9,134 | $ | 1,716,489 | $ | 2,460,005 | $ | 2,337,835 | ||||
December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||
Current | 670 | $ | 107,467 | $ | 159,731 | $ | 160,654 | ||||
30 | 109 | 15,424 | 22,629 | 24,046 | |||||||
60 | 57 | 7,921 | 11,624 | 12,510 | |||||||
90 | 2,286 | 361,434 | 569,930 | 544,709 | |||||||
Foreclosure | 7,841 | 1,466,798 | 2,172,047 | 1,951,606 | |||||||
Mortgage loans | 10,963 | $ | 1,959,044 | $ | 2,935,961 | $ | 2,693,525 |
_____________
(1) | Market value is based on the most recent BPO provided to us by the applicable seller for each property in the respective portfolio as of its cut-off date or an updated BPO received since the acquisition was completed. |
The following table sets forth the carrying value of our remaining re-performing mortgage loans from the re-performing loan portfolio we bought in June 2014, which are held for sale, the related unpaid principal balance and market value of underlying properties by delinquency status as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
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Number of loans | Carrying value | Unpaid principal balance | Market value of underlying properties(1) | ||||||||
June 30, 2015 | |||||||||||
Current | 13 | $ | 1,908 | $ | 2,531 | $ | 3,760 | ||||
30 | 6 | 1,045 | 1,440 | 1,909 | |||||||
60 | 5 | 466 | 1,254 | 1,253 | |||||||
90 | 17 | 2,457 | 3,126 | 3,847 | |||||||
Foreclosure | 3 | 101 | 422 | 348 | |||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale | 44 | $ | 5,977 | $ | 8,773 | $ | 11,117 | ||||
December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||
Current | 68 | $ | 8,317 | $ | 11,938 | $ | 15,154 | ||||
30 | 6 | $ | 1,118 | $ | 1,667 | $ | 2,004 | ||||
60 | 4 | $ | 359 | $ | 644 | $ | 670 | ||||
90 | 24 | $ | 2,741 | $ | 4,149 | $ | 4,624 | ||||
Mortgage loans held for sale | 102 | $ | 12,535 | $ | 18,398 | $ | 22,452 |
_____________
(1) | Market value is based on the most recent BPO provided to us by the applicable seller for each property in the respective portfolio as of its cut-off date or an updated BPO received since the acquisition was completed. |
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our mortgage loans are discount rates, forecasts of future home prices, alternate loan resolution probabilities, resolution timelines and the value of underlying properties. Significant changes in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a significant change to the fair value measurement. A decline in the discount rate in isolation would increase the fair value. A decrease in the housing pricing index in isolation would decrease the fair value. Individual loan characteristics such as location and value of underlying collateral affect the loan resolution probabilities and timelines. An increase in the loan resolution timeline in isolation would decrease the fair value. A decrease in the value of underlying properties in isolation would decrease the fair value. The following table sets forth quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used to measure the fair value of our mortgage loans as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:
Input | June 30, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
Equity discount rate | 15.0% | 15.0% |
Debt to asset ratio | 65.0% | 65.0% |
Cost of funds | 3.5% over 1 month LIBOR | 3.5% over 1 month LIBOR |
Annual change in home pricing index | 0% to 7.5% | -0.1% to 7.6% |
Loan resolution probabilities — modification | 0% to 44.7% | 0% to 44.7% |
Loan resolution probabilities — rental | 0% to 100.0% | 0% to 100.0% |
Loan resolution probabilities — liquidation | 0% to 100.0% | 0% to 100.0% |
Loan resolution timelines (in years) | 0.1 to 5.3 | 0.1 to 5.3 |
Value of underlying properties | $500 - $5,500,000 | $3,000 - $5,300,000 |
5. Borrowings
Repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement
Our operating partnership and certain of its Delaware Statutory Trust subsidiaries, as applicable, have entered into master repurchase agreements with major financial institutions. The purpose of these repurchase agreements is to finance the acquisition and ownership of mortgage loans, rental properties and REO properties in our portfolio. On April 10, 2015, we also entered into the Nomura loan agreement for the purpose of financing our beneficial ownership of REO properties. We have effective control of the assets associated with these agreements and therefore have concluded these are financing arrangements. As of June 30, 2015, the weighted average annualized interest rate on borrowings under our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement was 3.30%, excluding amortization of deferred financing costs.
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The following table sets forth data with respect to our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Maximum borrowing capacity | Book value of collateral | Amount outstanding | |||||||
June 30, 2015 | |||||||||
CS repurchase agreement due April 18, 2016 | $ | 275,000 | $ | 367,114 | $ | 202,855 | |||
Wells repurchase agreement due March 23, 2016 | 471,303 | 949,984 | 471,303 | ||||||
DB repurchase agreement due March 11, 2016 | 91,750 | 208,958 | 91,750 | ||||||
Nomura loan agreement due April 8, 2016 | 200,000 | 69,831 | 44,328 | ||||||
$ | 1,038,053 | $ | 1,595,887 | $ | 810,236 | ||||
December 31, 2014 | |||||||||
CS repurchase agreement due April 20, 2015 | $ | 225,000 | $ | 332,618 | $ | 222,044 | |||
Wells repurchase agreement due March 23, 2015 | 750,000 | 1,036,409 | 569,509 | ||||||
DB repurchase agreement due March 11, 2016 | 250,000 | 450,532 | 223,447 | ||||||
$ | 1,225,000 | $ | 1,819,559 | $ | 1,015,000 |
Under the terms of each of our repurchase agreements, as collateral for the funds drawn thereunder, subject to certain conditions, our operating partnership will sell to the applicable lender equity interests in the Delaware statutory trust subsidiary that owns the applicable underlying mortgage assets on our behalf, or the trust will directly sell such underlying mortgage assets. In the event the lender determines the value of the collateral has decreased, the lender has the right to initiate a margin call and require us, or the applicable trust subsidiary, to post additional collateral or to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings. The price paid by the lender for each mortgage asset we finance under the repurchase agreements is based on a percentage of the market value of the mortgage asset and may depend on its delinquency status. With respect to funds drawn under the repurchase agreements, our applicable subsidiary is required to pay the lender interest based on LIBOR or at the lender’s cost of funds plus a spread calculated based on the type of applicable mortgage assets collateralizing the funding, as well as certain other customary fees, administrative costs and expenses to maintain and administer the repurchase agreements. We do not collateralize any of our repurchase facilities with cash. Pursuant to the CS repurchase agreement, we are entitled to collateralize a portion of the facility with securities. As of June 30, 2015, approximately $10.6 million of the amounts outstanding under the CS repurchase agreement was collateralized by $17.0 million of the Class M Notes issued and retained by us in connection with the securitization completed in September 2014 by ARLP 2014-1, and approximately $29.4 million of the amounts outstanding under the CS repurchase agreement was collateralized by $45.1 million of the Class A-2 Notes issued and retained by us in connection with the securitization completed in November 2014 by ARLP 2014-2.
The repurchase agreements require us to maintain various financial and other covenants, including maintaining a minimum adjusted tangible net worth, a maximum ratio of indebtedness to adjusted tangible net worth and specified levels of unrestricted cash. In addition, the repurchase agreements contain customary events of default. We are restricted by the terms of our repurchase agreements from paying dividends greater than our REIT taxable income in a calendar year.
We are currently in compliance with the covenants and other requirements with respect to the repurchase agreements. We monitor our banking partners’ ability to perform under the repurchase agreements and have concluded there is currently no reason to doubt that they will continue to perform under the repurchase agreements as contractually obligated. For additional information on the repurchase agreements, please see Note 1, "Organization and basis of presentation."
Under the terms of the Nomura loan agreement, subject to certain conditions, Nomura may advance funds to us from time to time, with such advances collateralized by REO properties. The advances paid under the Nomura loan agreement with respect to the REO properties from time to time will be based on a percentage of the market value of the applicable REO properties. Under the terms of the Nomura loan agreement, we are required to pay interest based on the one-month LIBOR plus a spread and certain other customary fees, administrative costs and expenses in connection with Nomura's structuring, management and ongoing administration of the facility.
The Nomura loan agreement requires us to maintain various financial and other covenants, including a minimum adjusted tangible net worth, a maximum ratio of indebtedness to adjusted tangible net worth and specified levels of unrestricted cash. In addition, the Nomura loan agreement contains events of default (subject to certain materiality thresholds and grace periods), including payment defaults, breaches of covenants and/or certain representations and warranties, cross-defaults, certain material adverse changes, bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings and other events of default customary for this type of transaction. The
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remedies for such events of default are also customary for this type of transaction and include the acceleration of the principal amount outstanding under the Nomura loan agreement and the liquidation by Nomura of the REO properties then subject thereto.
Other Secured Debt - Securitizations
On June 29, 2015, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP 2015-1 issued $205.0 million in ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes with a weighted coupon of approximately 4.01% and $60.0 million in ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes. ARLP 2015-1 is a Delaware statutory trust that is wholly-owned by our operating partnership with a federally-chartered bank as its trustee. We retained $34.0 million of the ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and all of the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes. No interest will be paid on any ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes while any ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes remain outstanding. The ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes are non-recourse to us and are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2015-1 but not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2015-1 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes, thereby making the cash proceeds received by ARLP 2015-1 of loan payments, loan liquidations, loan sales and sales of converted REO properties the sole sources of the payment of interest and principal by ARLP 2015-1 to the bond holders. The ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes mature on May 25, 2055, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2015-1 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2015-1 was $275.7 million.
On November 25, 2014, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP 2014-2 issued $270.8 million in ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes with a weighted coupon of approximately 3.85% and $234.0 million in ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes. ARLP 2014-2 is a Delaware statutory trust that is wholly-owned by our operating partnership with a federally-chartered bank as its trustee. We initially retained $95.8 million of the ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and all of the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes. On February 9, 2015, we sold $50.7 million of the retained ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes to an unrelated third party. No interest will be paid on any ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes while any ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes remain outstanding. The ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes are non-recourse to us and are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2014-2 but not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2014-2 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes, thereby making the cash proceeds received by ARLP 2014-2 of loan payments, loan liquidations, loan sales and sales of converted REO properties the sole sources of the payment of interest and principal by ARLP 2014-2 to the bond holders. The ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes mature on January 26, 2054, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2014-2 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2014-2 was $329.0 million.
On September 25, 2014, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP 2014-1 issued $150.0 million in ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes with a weighted coupon of approximately 3.47% and $32.0 million in ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes with a weighted coupon of 4.25%. ARLP 2014-1 is a Delaware statutory trust that is wholly-owned by our operating partnership with a federally-chartered bank as its trustee. The ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes are non-recourse to us and are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2014-1 but not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2014-1 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes, thereby making the cash proceeds received by ARLP 2014-1 of loan payments, loan liquidations, loan sales and sales of converted REO properties the sole sources of the payment of interest and principal by ARLP 2014-1 to the bond holders. The ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes mature on September 25, 2044, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2014-1 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2014-1 was $208.5 million.
We retained all of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes in our TRS. On September 30, 2014, pursuant to a master repurchase agreement, the TRS sold $15.0 million of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes to NewSource. The master repurchase agreement initially required the TRS to repurchase the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes from NewSource at a 5.0% yield on December 28, 2014, with the parties having the option to extend the master repurchase agreement for additional 89-day periods. In no event can the master repurchase agreement be extended beyond September 29, 2015. The agreement is currently due to expire on September 22, 2015.
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The following table sets forth data with respect to these notes as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Interest Rate | Amount outstanding | ||||
June 30, 2015 | |||||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2015-1 | |||||
ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes due May 25, 2055(1) | 4.01 | % | $ | 205,000 | |
ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes due May 25, 2044 | — | % | 60,000 | ||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-2 | |||||
ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due January 26, 2054(2) | 3.87 | % | 255,144 | ||
ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due January 26, 2054 | — | % | 234,010 | ||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-1 | |||||
ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes due September 25, 2044(3) | 3.47 | % | 142,919 | ||
ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due September 25, 2044(4) | 4.25 | % | 32,000 | ||
ARNS, Inc. | |||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase due September 22, 2015 | 5.00 | % | 14,991 | ||
Intercompany eliminations | |||||
Elimination of ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (34,000 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes due to ARLP | (60,000 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (45,138 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due to ARLP | (234,010 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (32,000 | ) | |||
$ | 538,916 | ||||
December 31, 2014 | |||||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-2 | |||||
ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due January 26, 2054(2) | 3.85 | % | $ | 269,820 | |
ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due January 26, 2054 | — | % | 234,010 | ||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-1 | |||||
ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes due September 25, 2044(3) | 3.47 | % | 150,000 | ||
ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due September 25, 2044(4) | 4.25 | % | 32,000 | ||
ARNS, Inc. | |||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase due March 27, 2015 | 5.00 | % | 14,991 | ||
Intercompany eliminations | |||||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (95,729 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (234,010 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due to ARLP | (32,000 | ) | |||
$ | 339,082 |
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(1) | The expected redemption date for the Class A Notes ranges from June 25, 2018 to June 25, 2019. |
(2) | The expected redemption date for the Class A Notes ranges from November 27, 2017 to November 27, 2018. |
(3) | The expected redemption date for the Class A Notes ranges from September 25, 2017 to September 25, 2018. |
(4) | The expected redemption date for the Class M Notes is September 25, 2018. |
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6. Commitments and contingencies
Litigation, claims and assessments
Set forth below are developments in our legal proceedings since the March 2, 2015 filing of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and the May 7, 2015 filing of our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2015:
The Police Retirement System of Saint Louis v. Erbey, et al. On June 30, 2015, The Police Retirement System of Saint Louis and the defendants entered into a Stipulation and Agreement of Compromise, Settlement and Release (the “Settlement Stipulation”) for the settlement of this derivative action (the “Settlement”), and the parties filed the Settlement Stipulation with the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland (the “Court") on the same day. By Order dated August 3, 2015, the Court preliminarily approved the Settlement, scheduled a hearing on November 9, 2015 to consider final approval of the Settlement, and authorized us to provide notice of the proposed Settlement to stockholders. If the Settlement is finally approved by the Court and, ultimately, no shareholders successfully object to the Settlement, it will resolve and release all claims in the action that were, or could have been, brought by or on behalf of our company challenging the Original AMA among us, Altisource Residential L.P. and AAMC, or the negotiation of, the terms and provisions of, or the approval of the New AMA. In addition, pursuant to the Settlement Stipulation, the parties agreed that the defendants will pay the attorneys’ fees and expenses of plaintiff’s counsel, in an amount not to exceed $6.0 million. We have been informed by our insurers that the Settlement will be a covered claim under our insurance policy.
Martin v. Altisource Residential Corporation, et al. In May 2015, two of our purported shareholders filed competing motions with the court to be appointed lead plaintiff and for selection of lead counsel in the action. Subsequently, opposition and reply briefs were filed by the purported shareholders with respect to these motions. The court has not made any decisions with respect to the lead plaintiff motions.
Sokolowski v. Erbey, et al. On July 16, 2015, we filed a motion to dismiss all claims against us in the action, based upon, among other arguments, lack of personal jurisdiction and failure to state a claim. Co-defendant AAMC has filed a similar motion to dismiss the complaint as to all claims asserted against it. Briefing on the motions to dismiss the complaint is ongoing.
Hulstrom v. William C. Erbey, et al. On April 23, 2015, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix by a purported shareholder under the caption Kirk Hulstrom v. William Erbey et al. SX-15-CV-158. The action names as defendants William C. Erbey, each of the current and former members of our Board of Directors, certain officers of the Company, AAMC and Ocwen. In the complaint, plaintiff asserts claims against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control and gross mismanagement in connection with the asset management agreement between AAMC and us. As to AAMC and Ocwen, plaintiff alleges that these two companies aided and abetted the purported breaches of fiduciary duty and have been unjustly enriched by the asset management agreement. The complaint also names RESI as a nominal defendant. At this time, we are not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter, nor can we estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
Moncavage v. Faris, et al. In March, 2015, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in and for Palm Beach County, Florida by a purported shareholder of Ocwen under the caption Moncavage v. Ronald Faris, et al., Case No. 2015-CA-03244 (MB-AD). The action named certain officers and directors of Ocwen as defendants and alleged, among other things, various breaches of fiduciary duties by these individual defendants. The action also named Altisource, Home Loan Servicing Solutions and us as alleged aiders and abettors of the purported breaches of fiduciary duties. The allegations of wrongdoing contained in the Moncavage action are similar to the allegations in the Sokolowski action updated above. On July 13, 2015, the plaintiff and we jointly filed a stipulation of an extension of time to respond to the pending motions to stay the action that had been filed by Ocwen and the individual defendants. We believe the claims against us in the matter are without merit. At this time, we are not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter, nor can we estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
In connection with the Police Retirement System case described above, management had previously established a litigation accrual in the amount of $1.5 million. Given the notice received by us from our insurers that the Police Retirement System case is a covered claim, we have reversed the $1.5 million litigation accrual.
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Management does not believe that we have incurred an estimable, probable or material loss by reason of any of the above new or updated actions.
7. Related party transactions
New Asset Management Agreement with AAMC
On March 31, 2015, we entered into a new Asset Management Agreement (the "New AMA") with AAMC. The New AMA, which became effective on April 1, 2015, provides for a new management fee structure which replaces the incentive fee structure under the original asset management agreement (the “Original AMA”) as follows:
• | Base Management Fee. AAMC is entitled to a quarterly base management fee equal to 1.5% of the product of (i) our average invested capital for the quarter multiplied by (ii) 0.25, while we have fewer than 2,500 single family rental properties actually rented (“Rental Properties”). The base management fee percentage increases to 1.75% of invested capital while we have between 2,500 and 4,499 Rental Properties and increases to 2.0% of invested capital while we have 4,500 or more Rental Properties; |
• | Incentive Management Fee. AAMC is entitled to a quarterly incentive management fee equal to 20% of the amount by which our return on invested capital (based on AFFO as defined in the New AMA) exceeds a hurdle return rate of between 7.0% and 8.25% (depending on the 10-year treasury rate). The incentive management fee increases to 22.5% while we have between 2,500 and 4,499 Rental Properties and increases to 25% while we have 4,500 or more Rental Properties; and |
• | Conversion Fee. AAMC is entitled to a quarterly conversion fee equal to 1.5% of the market value of the single-family homes leased by us for the first time during the quarter. |
We have the flexibility to pay up to 25% of the incentive management fee to AAMC in shares of our common stock.
Under the New AMA, AAMC will continue to be the exclusive asset manager for us for an initial term of 15 years from April 1, 2015, with two potential five-year extensions, subject to our achieving an average annual return on invested capital of at least 7.0%. Under the New AMA, we will not be required to reimburse AAMC for the allocable compensation and routine overhead expenses of its employees and staff, all of which will now be covered by the base management fee described above.
Neither party is entitled to terminate the New AMA prior to the end of the initial term, or each renewal term, other than termination by (a) us and/or AAMC “for cause” for certain events such as a material breach of the New AMA and failure to cure such breach, (b) Residential for certain other reasons such as our failure to achieve a return on invested capital of at least 7.0% for two consecutive fiscal years after the third anniversary of the New AMA, and (c) Residential in connection with certain change of control events.
Under the amended fee structure of the New AMA, the fees payable to AAMC reduced from $15.5 million in the second quarter of 2014 to $5.2 million in the second quarter of 2015. The $5.2 million fees payable to AAMC in the second quarter of 2015 consists of a $4.8 million Base Management Fee and a $0.4 million Conversion Fee. No Incentive Management Fee was payable to AAMC for the second quarter of 2015 because return on invested capital (as defined in the New AMA) was below the required hurdle rate. The amount by which return on invested capital was below the required hurdle rate in the second quarter of 2015 is a deficit which is carried forward for up to seven future quarters or until the deficit is reduced by our future performance above the hurdle rate. In future quarters, return on invested capital must exceed the required hurdle rate for the current quarter plus any carried forward cumulative deficit from the prior seven quarters before any Incentive Management Fee is payable to AAMC.
Summary of Related Party Transaction Expenses
Through January 16, 2015, William C. Erbey served as our Chairman as well as the Executive Chairman of Ocwen, Chairman of Altisource, and Chairman of AAMC. Effective January 16, 2015, Mr. Erbey stepped down as the Executive Chairman of Ocwen and Chairman of each of Altisource, Residential and AAMC and is no longer a member of the Board of Directors for any of these companies. Accordingly, at that point, Ocwen and Altisource are no longer considered related parties of Residential and AAMC as defined by FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures.
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Transactions under our agreements with Ocwen and Altisource for the current year through January 16, 2015 were not material to our consolidated results of operations.
Our Consolidated Statements of Operations included the following significant related party transactions ($ in thousands):
Three months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2015 | Counter-party | Consolidated Statements of Operations location | |||||
2015 | ||||||||
Expense reimbursements | $ | — | $ | 750 | AAMC | Related party general and administrative expenses | ||
Conversion fee | 399 | 399 | AAMC | Related party general and administrative expenses | ||||
Base management fee | 4,752 | 4,752 | AAMC | Related party general and administrative expenses | ||||
Management incentive fee | — | 14,900 | AAMC | Related party general and administrative expenses | ||||
Interest expense | 161 | 321 | NewSource | Interest expense | ||||
Professional fee sharing for negotiation of AMA | — | 2,000 | AAMC | Other income | ||||
Three months ended June 30, 2014 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | Counter-party | Consolidated Statements of Operations location | |||||
2014 | ||||||||
Residential property operating expenses | $ | 3,150 | $ | 4,200 | Ocwen/Altisource | Residential property operating expenses | ||
Mortgage loan servicing costs | 14,942 | 25,432 | Ocwen | Mortgage loan servicing costs | ||||
Due diligence and unsuccessful deal costs | 1,655 | 1,766 | Altisource | Related party general and administrative expenses | ||||
Expense reimbursements | 1,789 | 3,258 | AAMC | Related party general and administrative expenses | ||||
Management incentive fee | 13,715 | 24,626 | AAMC | Related party general and administrative expenses |
On September 30, 2014, pursuant to a master repurchase agreement, our TRS sold $15.0 million of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes to NewSource for a purchase price of $15.0 million. The master repurchase agreement initially required the TRS to repurchase the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes from NewSource at a 5.0% yield on December 28, 2014, with the parties having the option to extend the master repurchase agreement for additional 89 day periods. In no event can the master repurchase agreement be extended beyond September 29, 2015. The agreement is currently due to expire on September 22, 2015.
8. Share-based payments
On December 21, 2012, as part of our separation transaction from Altisource, we issued stock options under the 2012 Conversion Option Plan and 2012 Special Conversion Option Plan to holders of Altisource stock options to purchase shares of our common stock in a ratio of one share of our common stock to every three shares of Altisource common stock. The options were granted as part of our separation to employees of Altisource and/or Ocwen solely to give effect to the exchange ratio in the separation, and we do not include share-based compensation expense related to these options in our consolidated statements of operations because they are not related to our incentive compensation.
Our directors each receive annual grants of restricted stock equal to $45 thousand based on the market value of our common stock at the time of the annual stockholders meeting. This restricted stock vests and is issued after a one-year service period subject to each director attending at least 75% of the Board and committee meetings. No dividends are paid on the shares until the award is issued. During the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, we granted 9,924 and 8,245 shares of stock, respectively, pursuant to our 2013 Director Equity Plan with weighted average grant date fair value per share of $18.25 and $27.28, respectively.
We recorded $36 thousand and $93 thousand of compensation expense related to these grants for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, and recorded $57 thousand and $113 thousand of compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. As of both June 30, 2015 and 2014, we had $0.2 million of unrecognized share-
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based compensation cost remaining with respect to the director grants to be recognized over a weighted average remaining estimated term of 0.9 years.
9. Income taxes
As a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements including the requirement to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent we distribute our REIT taxable income to our stockholders and provided we satisfy the REIT requirements including certain asset, income, distribution and stock ownership tests. If we fail to qualify as a REIT, and do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we will be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes and may be precluded from qualifying as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years following the year in which we lost our REIT qualification.
On March 31, 2015, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.55 per share of common stock, which was paid on April 23, 2015 to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on April 13, 2015. On June 18, 2015, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.55 per share of common stock, which was paid on July 15, 2015 to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 30, 2015.
Based on our 2014 taxable income of $115.8 million, which includes net capital gains of $54.4 million, the aggregate minimum distribution to stockholders required to maintain our REIT status was $55.3 million in 2014. Dividends declared and paid per share of common stock aggregated $2.03 for the year ended December 31, 2014, or $116.0 million. These distributions included a cash dividend of $0.08 per share of common stock, or $4.5 million, which was treated as a 2013 distribution for REIT qualification purposes. On March 12, 2015 our Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.08 per share of common stock, which was paid on March 30, 2015 to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 23, 2015. This additional dividend, an aggregate of $4.6 million, was treated as a 2014 distribution for REIT qualification purposes.
Our consolidated financial statements include the operations of our TRS, which is subject to federal, state and local income taxes on its taxable income. Through December 31, 2014, the TRS operated at a cumulative taxable loss, which resulted in our recording a deferred tax asset with a corresponding valuation allowance. The TRS has continued to operate at a cumulative taxable loss through June 30, 2015 which resulted in our recording additional deferred tax assets and a corresponding valuation allowance. As of June 30, 2015, we are forecasting that the TRS will not be profitable for the 2015 fiscal year.
We recorded state income tax expense on our consolidated operations for the six months ended June 30, 2015. As a REIT, we may also be subject to federal taxes if we engage in certain types of transactions.
As of June 30, 2015 and 2014, we did not accrue interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits, nor was any interest expense or penalty recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014. We recorded nominal state and local tax expense on income and property for the six months ended June 30, 2015. Our subsidiaries and we remain subject to tax examination for the period from inception to December 31, 2014.
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10. Earnings per share
The following table sets forth the components of diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):
Three months ended June 30, 2015 | Three months ended June 30, 2014 | Six months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | ||||||||||||
Numerator | |||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 13,092 | $ | 67,782 | $ | 25,516 | $ | 109,695 | |||||||
Denominator | |||||||||||||||
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic | 57,208,273 | 57,138,695 | 57,204,602 | 55,297,630 | |||||||||||
Stock options using the treasury method | 195,420 | 257,110 | 198,066 | 447,936 | |||||||||||
Restricted stock | 4,152 | 6,148 | 4,585 | 9,119 | |||||||||||
Weighted average common stock outstanding – diluted | 57,407,845 | 57,401,953 | 57,407,253 | 55,754,685 | |||||||||||
Earnings per basic share | $ | 0.23 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 1.98 | |||||||
Earnings per diluted share | $ | 0.23 | $ | 1.18 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 1.97 |
11. Segment information
Our primary business is the acquisition and ownership of single-family rental assets. Our primary sourcing strategy is to acquire these assets by purchasing sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loans. While we focus on acquiring our rental properties through the acquisition of distressed mortgage loans, we have also always considered purchasing rental properties through other avenues, including, without limitation, though the purchase of portfolios of single-family rental properties, REO properties, residential mortgage-backed securities, clean-up calls and other distressed assets. As a result, we operate in a single segment focused on the resolution of sub-performing and non-performing mortgages and ownership of rental residential properties.
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Item 2. Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Overview
We are a Maryland REIT focused on acquiring and managing single-family rental properties throughout the United States. We conduct substantially all of our activities through our wholly owned subsidiary Altisource Residential, L.P. and its subsidiaries.
To date, we have acquired our rental properties primarily through the acquisition of sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loan portfolios, which is a differentiated approach that we believe strategically positions us to take advantage of market opportunities better than market participants that are solely focused on REO acquisitions. Given evolving market conditions, commencing in the second quarter of 2015, we expanded our acquisition strategy to opportunistically acquire portfolios of single-family rental properties as an avenue to more quickly achieve scale in our rental portfolio where we believe the economics make sense. We also commenced a program to begin purchasing REO properties on a one-by one basis sourcing listed properties from the Multiple Listing Service ("MLS") and alternative listing sources. We expect the first purchases of this program to occur in the third quarter of 2015.
We believe that the events affecting the housing and mortgage market in recent years have created a significant rental demand for single-family properties. These events have created a large supply of distressed mortgage loans for sale in the market. Therefore, we historically have had opportunities to acquire single-family properties through the acquisition of sub-performing and non-performing loan portfolios at attractive valuations. We expect our integrated approach of acquiring sub-performing and non-performing residential mortgage loans and converting them to rental properties will enable us to compete more effectively for attractive investment opportunities. While we focus on acquiring our rental properties through the acquisition of distressed mortgage loans, we have also always considered purchasing rental properties through other avenues, including, without limitation, though the purchase of portfolios of single-family rental properties, REO properties, residential mortgage-backed securities, clean-up calls and other distressed assets.
Observations on Current Market Opportunities
In the first two and one-half years of our operations, although we had considered the alternative approaches to acquiring single-family rental homes described above, our most opportunistic acquisition strategy involved acquiring portfolios of non-performing loans. However, as market conditions have continued to evolve, and non-performing mortgage loan pools became relatively higher priced, opportunities in these alternative acquisition strategies have increased and become more prevalent in the marketplace. Although we have been and are continuing to review, assess and bid on portfolios of non-performing mortgage loans, entities are seeking to sell portfolios of REO properties and rental properties. We have been exploring and reviewing these other sources of single-family rental assets, including the acquisition of portfolios of single-family rental properties and the purchase of certain REO properties on a one-by-one basis, as we believe they may also provide alternative attractive avenues to grow our rental portfolio.
As a result of these activities, on June 28, 2015, we entered into the IH Purchase Agreement to acquire an aggregate of 1,325 REO properties, the substantial majority of which were rented and occupied, from certain subsidiaries of Invitation Homes for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $112.6 million. The IH Purchase Agreement provided for a 30-day contingency period after signing in which we were entitled to complete due diligence on the REO properties, with each of Invitation Homes and us having the ability to terminate the IH Purchase Agreement based on the due diligence results. On July 28, 2015, the contingency period expired, and Invitation Homes and we determined to move forward with the closing of the IH Transaction. We currently expect to complete the IH Transaction in the third quarter of 2015. There can be no assurance that we will be able to complete the IH Transaction on a timely basis or at all.
Prior to the second quarter of 2015, we had acquired our non-performing and re-performing mortgage loans through direct acquisitions from institutions such as banks, HUD and private equity funds. We expect to continue to review and acquire portfolios of non-performing loan portfolios at attractive prices, but we expect to be disciplined in doing so, rather than acquiring non-performing loans at inflated prices that do not fit our investment criteria.
Historical Purchases of Non-Performing Mortgage Loans
During 2014 and 2013 we acquired portfolios consisting of an aggregate of 15,817 residential mortgage loans, substantially all of which were non-performing, and 277 REO properties having an aggregate unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) of approximately $4.2 billion and an aggregate market value of underlying properties of approximately $3.6 billion. The aggregate purchase price for these acquisitions was approximately $2.4 billion. We did not complete any acquisitions of non-performing residential loan portfolios in the six months ended June 30, 2015.
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Additionally, in June 2014, we acquired 879 re-performing mortgage loans with an aggregate market value of underlying properties of $271.1 million for an aggregate purchase price of $144.6 million. During October 2014 and June 2015, we sold 770 and 52 of these re-performing mortgage loans, respectively. During June 2015, we sold an aggregate of 189 re-performing loans to an unrelated third party for an aggregate purchase price of $34.6 million. The sale included 52 loans from the re-performing mortgage loans purchased in June 2014, and 137 loans that had transitioned to re-performing status from prior non-performing loan acquisitions. Approximately $2.0 million of the proceeds from the June 2015 re-performing loan sale were used to purchase the loans out of our ARLP 2014-1 and ARLP 2014-2 securitizations and approximately $16.4 million of the proceeds were used to purchase the loans out of our Wells repurchase facility. Therefore, our net proceeds from the June 2015 re-performing loan sale were approximately $16.2 million.
From inception through June 30, 2015, we modified an aggregate of 876 mortgage loans, converted an aggregate of 5,317 non-performing and 2 re-performing mortgage loans into REO properties and disposed of an aggregate of 1,366 non-performing and 11 re-performing mortgage loans through short sale, refinancing or other liquidation events. Our preferred resolution methodology with respect to distressed loans is to modify the sub-performing and non-performing loans. We believe modification followed by refinancing generates near-term cash flows, provides the highest possible economic outcome for us and is a socially responsible business strategy because it keeps more families in their homes. We also sold 800 REO properties from inception through June 30, 2015.
As of June 30, 2015, our portfolio consisted of 9,134 residential mortgage loans, substantially all of which were non-performing, having an aggregate UPB of approximately $2.5 billion and an aggregate market value of underlying properties of $2.3 billion. We also owned 4,796 REO properties with an aggregate carrying value of $803.4 million, of which 3,977 were held for use and 819 were held for sale. Of the 3,977 REO properties held for use, 777 properties had been rented and were occupied by tenants, 96 were being listed for rent and 111 were in varying stages of renovation. With respect to the remaining 2,993 REO properties held for use, we will make a final determination whether each property meets our rental profile after (a) applicable state redemption periods have expired, (b) the foreclosure sale has been ratified, (c) we have recorded the deed for the property, (d) utilities have been activated and (e) we have secured access for interior inspection. We also owned 44 re-performing mortgage loans held for sale having an aggregate UPB of approximately $8.8 million and an aggregate market value of underlying properties of approximately $11.1 million as of June 30, 2015.
Transition to New Servicers
As previously disclosed, during the first quarter of 2015, we appointed two new servicers, Fay Servicing (“Fay”) and BSI Financial Services (“BSI”). By the end of April 2015, we had transferred the servicing on mortgage loans of approximately $1.1 billion of UPB from Ocwen to Fay and BSI. We believe that these servicing transfers were the right thing to do for our long term prospects, but the transfer of a large portion of our loans during the first quarter hampered our resolution efforts on those loans, which negatively impacted our results for the first quarter. We also had previously disclosed that we expected to continue to transfer servicing away from Ocwen. As such, in June 2015, we transferred servicing on mortgage loans of approximately $680 million of UPB to Fay and BSI. Although these transfers have continued to hamper our ability to covert loans to REO during the second quarter, and may continue to hamper our resolution efforts in the short term, we believe these transfers will be beneficial to us in the long term.
The New AMA with AAMC
We are externally managed by AAMC, an asset management company that provides portfolio management and corporate governance services to investment vehicles that own real estate related assets. We conduct substantially all of our operations, and make substantially all of our investments, through our operating partnership and its subsidiaries. One of our subsidiaries is the sole general partner of the operating partnership, and we are the sole limited partner.
On March 31, 2015, we entered into a new Asset Management Agreement (the "New AMA") with AAMC. The New AMA, which became effective on April 1, 2015, provides for a new management fee structure which replaces the incentive fee structure under the original asset management agreement with AAMC (the “Original AMA”) as follows:
• | Base Management Fee. AAMC is entitled to a quarterly base management fee equal to 1.5% of the product of (i) our average invested capital for the quarter multiplied by (ii) 0.25, while we have fewer than 2,500 single family rental properties actually rented (“Rental Properties”). The base management fee percentage increases to 1.75% of invested capital while we have between 2,500 and 4,499 Rental Properties and increases to 2.0% of invested capital while we have 4,500 or more Rental Properties; |
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• | Incentive Management Fee. AAMC is entitled to a quarterly incentive management fee equal to 20% of the amount by which our return on invested capital (based on AFFO as defined in the New AMA) exceeds a hurdle return rate of between 7.0% and 8.25% (depending on the 10-year treasury rate). The incentive management fee increases to 22.5% while we have between 2,500 and 4,499 Rental Properties and increases to 25% while we have 4,500 or more Rental Properties; and |
• | Conversion Fee. AAMC is entitled to a quarterly conversion fee equal to 1.5% of the market value of the single-family homes leased by us for the first time during the quarter. |
We have the flexibility to pay up to 25% of the incentive management fee to AAMC in shares of our common stock.
Under the New AMA, AAMC will continue to be the exclusive asset manager for us for an initial term of 15 years from April 1, 2015, with two potential five-year extensions, subject to our achieving an average annual return on invested capital of at least 7.0%.
Neither party is entitled to terminate the New AMA prior to the end of the initial term, or each renewal term, other than termination by (a) us and/or AAMC “for cause” for certain events such as a material breach of the New AMA and failure to cure such breach, (b) Residential for certain other reasons such as our failure to achieve a return on invested capital of at least 7.0% for two consecutive fiscal years after the third anniversary of the New AMA, and (c) Residential in connection with certain change of control events.
Under the amended fee structure of the New AMA, the fees payable to AAMC reduced from $15.5 million in the second quarter of 2014 to $5.2 million in the second quarter of 2015. The $5.2 million fees payable to AAMC in the second quarter of 2015 consists of a $4.8 million Base Management Fee and a $0.4 million Conversion Fee. No Incentive Management Fee was payable to AAMC for the second quarter of 2015 because return on invested capital (as defined in the New AMA) was below the required hurdle rate. The amount by which return on invested capital was below the required hurdle rate in the second quarter of 2015 is a deficit which is carried forward for up to seven future quarters or until the deficit is reduced by our future performance above the hurdle rate. In future quarters, return on invested capital must exceed the required hurdle rate for the current quarter plus any carried forward cumulative deficit from the prior seven quarters before any Incentive Management Fee is payable to AAMC.
Metrics Affecting Our Results
Revenues
Our revenues primarily consist of the following:
i. | Net realized gain on mortgage loans. We record net realized gains, including the reclassification of previously accumulated net unrealized gains, upon the liquidation of a loan which may consist of short sale, third party sale of the underlying property, refinancing or full debt pay-off of the loan. We expect the timeline to liquidate loans will vary significantly by loan, which could result in fluctuations in revenue recognition and operating performance from period to period. Additionally, the proceeds from loan liquidations may vary significantly depending on the resolution methodology. We generally expect to collect proceeds of loan liquidations in cash and, thereafter, have no continuing involvement with the asset. |
ii. | Net unrealized gains from the conversion of loans to REO. Upon conversion of loans to REO, we mark the properties to the most recent market value. The difference between the carrying value of the asset at the time of conversion and the most recent market value, based on BPOs, is recorded in our statement of operations as net unrealized gain on mortgage loans. We expect the timeline to convert acquired loans into REO will vary significantly by loan, which could result in fluctuations in our revenue recognition and our operating performance from period to period. The factors that may affect the timelines to foreclose upon a residential mortgage loan include, without limitation, state foreclosure timelines and deferrals associated therewith; unauthorized parties occupying the property; inadequacy of documents necessary to foreclose; bankruptcy proceedings initiated by borrowers; federal, state or local legislative action or initiatives designed to provide homeowners with assistance in avoiding residential mortgage loan foreclosures and continued declines in real estate values and/or sustained high levels of unemployment that increase the number of foreclosures and which place additional pressure and/or delays on the judicial and administrative proceedings. |
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iii. | Net unrealized gains from the change in fair value of loans. After our sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loans are acquired, the fair value of each loan is adjusted in each subsequent reporting period as the loan proceeds to a particular resolution (i.e., modification, or conversion to real estate owned). As a loan approaches resolution, the resolution timeline for that loan decreases and costs embedded in the discounted cash flow model for loan servicing, foreclosure costs and property insurance are incurred and removed from future expenses. The shorter resolution timelines and reduced future expenses each increase the fair value of the loan. The increase in the value of the loan is recognized in net unrealized gain on mortgage loans in our consolidated statements of operations. The exact nature of resolution will be dependent on a number of factors that are beyond our control, including borrower willingness to pay, property value, availability of refinancing, interest rates, conditions in the financial markets, the regulatory environment and other factors. |
iv. | Net realized gain on real estate. REO properties that do not meet our investment criteria are sold out of our taxable REIT subsidiary. The realized gain or loss recognized in financial statements reflects the net amount of realized and unrealized gains on sold REOs from the time of acquisition to sale completion. |
As a greater number of our REO properties are renovated and deemed suitable for rental and as a greater number of our acquired assets are REO properties to be held for rent, we expect a greater portion of our revenues will be rental revenues. For the non-performing loans we have acquired to date, the average number of days to determine whether a property met our rental profile was 181 days for 200 properties for which renovations began during 2015. The average renovation expense was $22,630 per property for 433 renovations completed during 2015, the average number of days between commencement of renovation and listing of the property for rent was 40 days for 178 properties for which renovation began during 2015, and the average number of days from listing to leasing a property was 27 days for 354 properties listed in 2015. We believe the key variables that will affect our rental revenues over the long term will be average occupancy and rental rates. We anticipate that a majority of our leases of single-family rental properties to tenants will be for a term of two years or less. As these leases permit the residents to leave at the end of the lease term without penalty, we anticipate our rental revenues will be affected by declines in market rents more quickly than if our leases were for longer terms. Short-term leases may result in high turnover, which involves expenses such as additional renovation costs and leasing expenses, or reduced rental revenues. Our physical occupancy rate at June 30, 2015 was 83%. For properties in lease-up without stabilized occupancy rates, management believes the physical occupancy rate is the appropriate performance metric. In the lease-up phase, we may utilize rent concessions and other incentives, and thus financial occupancy which is based on contractual revenue is not considered the best metric to quantify occupancy. Our rental properties had an average annual rental rate of $14,375 per home for 777 properties rented at June 30, 2015.
Although we seek to lease the majority of REO properties we acquire, we also sell the properties that do not meet our rental investment criteria and generate cash for reinvestment in other acquisitions. The real estate market and home prices will determine proceeds from any sale of real estate. In addition, while we seek to track real estate price trends and estimate the effects of those trends on the valuations of our portfolios of residential mortgage loans, future real estate values are subject to influences beyond our control.
Our investment strategy is to develop a portfolio of single-family rental properties in the United States which provide attractive risk-adjusted returns on invested capital. In determining which REO properties we will retain for our rental portfolio, we consider various objective and subjective factors, including but not limited to gross and net rental yields, property values, renovation costs, location in relation to our coverage area, property type, HOA covenants, potential future appreciation and neighborhood amenities.
Expenses
Our expenses have primarily consisted of rental property operating expenses, depreciation and amortization, real estate selling cost and impairment, mortgage loan servicing, interest expense, general and administrative expenses, and expense reimbursement and incentive management fees under the Original AMA. Rental property operating expenses are expenses associated with our ownership and operation of rental properties including expenses such as property management fees, expenses towards repairs, utility expenses on vacant properties, turnover costs, property taxes, insurance and HOA dues. Depreciation and amortization is a non-cash expense associated with the ownership of real estate and generally remains relatively consistent each year in relation to our asset levels since we depreciate our properties on a straight-line basis over a fixed life. Real estate selling cost and impairment represents our estimate for the costs to be incurred to sell a property and an amount that represents the carrying amount over the estimated fair value less costs to sell. Mortgage loan servicing costs are primarily for servicing fees, foreclosure fees and advances of residential property insurance. Interest expense consists of the costs to borrow money in connection with our debt financing of our portfolios. General and administrative expenses consist of
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the costs related to the general operation and overall administration of our business. Historically, expense reimbursement consisted primarily of employee salaries of AAMC in direct correlation to the services they provided on our behalf and other personnel costs and corporate overhead. Under the New AMA, there are no general expense reimbursements. The incentive management fees consist of compensation due to AAMC. Historically, this was based on the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders for each period. Under the new agreement the management fees are based on our invested capital and leased properties.
Other factors affecting our consolidated results
We expect our results of operations to be affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the following:
Acquisitions
Our operating results will depend on our ability to source sub-performing and non-performing loans, other residential mortgage loans and REO properties. We believe that there is currently a large supply of sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loans as well as REO properties and single family rental properties available to us for acquisition.
Generally, we expect that our residential mortgage loan and single-family rental and REO portfolios may grow at an uneven pace, as opportunities to acquire distressed residential mortgage loans and REO properties may be irregularly timed and may at times involve large portfolios, and the timing and extent of our success in acquiring such assets cannot be predicted.
Financing
Our ability to grow our business is dependent on the availability of adequate financing including additional equity financing, debt financing or both in order to meet our objectives. We intend to leverage our investments with debt, the level of which may vary based upon the particular characteristics of our portfolio and on market conditions. To the extent available at the relevant time, our financing sources may include bank credit facilities, warehouse lines of credit, structured financing arrangements and repurchase agreements, among others. We may also seek to raise additional capital through public or private offerings of debt or equity securities, depending upon market conditions. To qualify as a REIT under the Code, we will need to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year to our stockholders. This distribution requirement limits our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital to support our activities.
Resolution Activities
Our business model is dependent on the success of our loan modification and other resolution efforts and the conversion of a significant portion of those loans to REO. Our preferred resolution methodology is to modify the sub-performing and non-performing loans. We believe modification followed by refinancing generates near-term cash flows and provides the highest possible economic outcome for us. Upon liquidation of a loan, which may consist of short sale, third party sale of the underlying property, refinancing or full debt pay-off of the loan, we record net realized gains, including the reclassification of previously accumulated net unrealized gains. We expect the timeline to liquidate loans will vary significantly by loan, which could result in fluctuations in revenue recognition and operating performance from period to period. Additionally, the proceeds from loan liquidations may vary significantly depending on the resolution methodology.
Upon conversion of loans to REO, we mark the properties to the most recent market value and recognize net unrealized gains for the difference between the carrying value of the asset at the time of conversion and the most recent market value, based on BPOs. The timeline to convert acquired loans into REO can vary significantly by loan, which can result in fluctuations in our revenue recognition and our operating performance from period to period. The factors that may affect the timelines to foreclose upon a residential mortgage loan include, without limitation, state foreclosure timelines and deferrals associated therewith; unauthorized parties occupying the property; federal, state or local legislative action or initiatives designed to provide homeowners with assistance in avoiding residential mortgage loan foreclosures and continued declines in real estate values and/or sustained high levels of unemployment that increase the number of foreclosures and which place additional pressure and/or delays on the already overburdened judicial and administrative proceedings.
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The size and composition of our sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loan portfolio is, and has been, a key factor affecting our overall operating results. The following table summarizes, by quarter and for the six month periods, the key metrics reflecting the operating performance of our loan portfolio.
First quarter 2014 | Second quarter 2014 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | First quarter 2015 | Second quarter 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2015 | ||||||||
Mortgage Loans (1) | |||||||||||||
Beginning balance | 8,054 | 11,509 | 8,054 | 10,963 | 10,089 | 10,963 | |||||||
Acquisitions | 4,207 | 1,590 | 5,797 | — | — | — | |||||||
Dispositions | (116 | ) | (135 | ) | (251 | ) | (150 | ) | (270 | ) | (420 | ) | |
Mortgage loan conversions to REO | (637 | ) | (907 | ) | (1,544 | ) | (728 | ) | (692 | ) | (1,420 | ) | |
Reversions to mortgage loans (2) | 1 | 13 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | |||||||
Ending balance | 11,509 | 12,070 | 12,070 | 10,089 | 9,134 | 9,134 | |||||||
Modifications | 81 | 90 | 171 | 126 | 131 | 257 | |||||||
Loan reinstatements | 19 | 30 | 49 | 67 | 38 | 105 | |||||||
Real Estate Owned | |||||||||||||
Beginning balance | 262 | 896 | 262 | 3,960 | 4,430 | 3,960 | |||||||
Acquisitions | — | 190 | 190 | — | — | — | |||||||
Dispositions | (2 | ) | (22 | ) | (24 | ) | (254 | ) | (321 | ) | (575 | ) | |
Mortgage loan conversions to REO (3) | 637 | 907 | 1,544 | 728 | 694 | 1,422 | |||||||
Reversions to mortgage loans (2) | (1 | ) | (13 | ) | (14 | ) | (4 | ) | (7 | ) | (11 | ) | |
Ending balance | 896 | 1,958 | 1,958 | 4,430 | 4,796 | 4,796 | |||||||
Leased | 35 | 102 | 102 | 587 | 777 | 777 | |||||||
Renovations complete | 17 | 40 | 40 | 151 | 96 | 96 | |||||||
Renovations in process | 48 | 140 | 140 | 116 | 111 | 111 | |||||||
Evaluating strategy/held for sale | 796 | 1,676 | 1,676 | 3,576 | 3,812 | 3,812 | |||||||
896 | 1,958 | 1,958 | 4,430 | 4,796 | 4,796 |
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(1) | Excludes mortgage loans held for sale. |
(2) | Subsequent to the foreclosure sale, we may be notified that the foreclosure sale was invalidated for certain reasons. |
(3) | Second quarter 2015 conversions to REO included 2 properties that were previously in our re-performing mortgage loans held for sale. |
In addition, as of June 30, 2015, 107 of our mortgage loans were on trial modification plans, compared to 207 mortgage loans on trial modification plans as of December 31, 2014.
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Portfolio size
The size of our investment portfolio will also impact operating results. Generally, as the size of our investment portfolio grows, the amount of revenue we expect to generate will increase. A growing investment portfolio, however, will drive increased expenses including possibly higher servicing fees, property management fees and, potentially, depending on our performance, fees payable to AAMC. We may also incur additional interest expense if we incur additional debt to finance the purchase of our assets.
Existing Portfolio
During 2014 and 2013 we acquired portfolios consisting of an aggregate of 15,817 residential mortgage loans, substantially all of which were non-performing, and 277 REO properties having an aggregate UPB of approximately $4.2 billion and an aggregate market value of underlying properties of approximately $3.6 billion. The aggregate purchase price for these acquisitions was approximately $2.4 billion. We did not complete any portfolio acquisitions in the six months ended June 30, 2015.
Throughout this report, all unpaid principal balance and market value amounts for the portfolios we have acquired are provided as of the applicable “cut-off” date for each transaction unless otherwise indicated. We refer to the assets underlying our completed acquisitions as our “Existing Portfolio.” The Existing Portfolio does not include assets acquired as REO. As defined in this quarterly report, our “Existing Portfolio” does not include the 44 re-performing mortgage loans having an aggregate UPB of approximately $8.8 million and an aggregate market value of underlying properties of approximately $11.1 million as of June 30, 2015, which are considered “Mortgage loans held for sale.”
Our sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loans become REO properties when we obtain legal title to the property upon completion of foreclosure. Additionally, some of the portfolios we purchase may, from time to time, contain a small number of residential mortgage loans that have already been converted to REO. If and as we acquire more REO properties directly, rather than converting loans to REO, our portfolios may rely less on acquiring and resolving loans.
As of June 30, 2015, we had 4,796 REO properties, consisting of 3,977 REO properties held for use and 819 held for sale. Of the 3,977 REO properties held for use, 777 properties had been rented and were occupied by tenants, 96 were being listed for rent and 111 were in varying stages of renovation. With respect to the remaining 2,993 REO properties held for use, we will make a final determination whether each property meets our rental profile after (a) applicable state redemption periods have expired, (b) the foreclosure sale has been ratified, (c) we have recorded the deed for the property, (d) utilities have been activated and (e) we have secured access for interior inspection. A majority of the REO properties are subject to state regulations which require us to await the expiration of a redemption period before a foreclosure can be finalized. We include these redemption periods in our pricing which generally reduces the price we pay for the mortgage loans. Once the redemption period expires, we immediately proceed to record the new deed, take possession of the property, activate utilities, and start the inspection process in order to make a final determination on whether to rent or liquidate the property. If an REO property meets our rental investment criteria, we determine the extent of renovations that are needed to generate an optimal rent and maintain consistency of renovation specifications for future branding. If it is determined that the REO property will not meet our rental investment criteria, the property is listed for sale, in some instances after renovations are made to optimize the sale proceeds. As of June 30, 2014, we had 1,766 REO properties held for use. Of these properties, 102 had been rented, 40 were being listed for rent and 140 were in various stages of renovation. With respect to the remaining 1,484 REO properties at June 30, 2014, we were in the process of determining whether these properties would meet our rental profile. Additionally, 192 REO properties owned as of June 30, 2014 were held for sale.
The following table sets forth a summary of our REO properties as of June 30, 2015 ($ in thousands):
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State / District | Number of properties | Carrying value (1) (2) | Weighted average age in years (3) | ||||
Alabama | 34 | $ | 4,791 | 25 | |||
Alaska | 1 | 185 | 30 | ||||
Arizona | 116 | 21,765 | 22 | ||||
Arkansas | 49 | 4,275 | 32 | ||||
California | 662 | 203,928 | 35 | ||||
Colorado | 36 | 8,213 | 28 | ||||
Connecticut | 32 | 6,343 | 55 | ||||
Delaware | 17 | 2,498 | 36 | ||||
District of Columbia | 1 | 218 | 105 | ||||
Florida | 888 | 135,024 | 25 | ||||
Georgia | 180 | 24,024 | 23 | ||||
Hawaii | 2 | 339 | 22 | ||||
Idaho | 13 | 1,734 | 32 | ||||
Illinois | 409 | 63,206 | 44 | ||||
Indiana | 160 | 17,315 | 33 | ||||
Iowa | 9 | 652 | 57 | ||||
Kansas | 25 | 1,979 | 50 | ||||
Kentucky | 61 | 6,506 | 34 | ||||
Louisiana | 26 | 2,551 | 28 | ||||
Maine | 13 | 1,484 | 124 | ||||
Maryland | 192 | 36,811 | 37 | ||||
Massachusetts | 48 | 9,538 | 79 | ||||
Michigan | 96 | 11,888 | 43 | ||||
Minnesota | 75 | 12,318 | 43 | ||||
Mississippi | 11 | 1,045 | 29 | ||||
Missouri | 67 | 6,509 | 45 | ||||
Montana | 3 | 790 | 29 | ||||
Nebraska | 7 | 921 | 54 | ||||
Nevada | 15 | 1,972 | 21 | ||||
New Hampshire | 15 | 2,324 | 68 | ||||
New Jersey | 65 | 10,353 | 68 | ||||
New Mexico | 32 | 4,063 | 21 | ||||
New York | 66 | 11,989 | 72 | ||||
North Carolina | 236 | 28,541 | 19 | ||||
Ohio | 133 | 16,021 | 42 | ||||
Oklahoma | 24 | 2,387 | 32 | ||||
Oregon | 11 | 1,877 | 38 | ||||
Pennsylvania | 253 | 32,941 | 54 | ||||
Rhode Island | 55 | 7,044 | 79 | ||||
South Carolina | 111 | 12,853 | 23 | ||||
South Dakota | 2 | 295 | 54 | ||||
Tennessee | 74 | 9,251 | 24 | ||||
Texas | 168 | 21,438 | 26 | ||||
Utah | 77 | 13,906 | 31 | ||||
Vermont | 4 | 630 | 140 | ||||
Virginia | 67 | 18,193 | 29 | ||||
Washington | 31 | 6,550 | 34 | ||||
West Virginia | 2 | 597 | 22 | ||||
Wisconsin | 121 | 13,117 | 51 | ||||
Wyoming | 1 | 248 | 23 | ||||
Total | 4,796 | $ | 803,440 | 36 |
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(1) | The carrying value of an asset is based on historical cost which generally consists of the market value at the time of foreclosure sale plus renovation costs, net of any accumulated depreciation and impairment. |
(2) | Portions of the Existing Portfolio are used to collateralize our secured financing obligations, including our securitization transactions. |
(3) | Weighted average age is based on the age weighted by carrying value for each state. |
The remainder of our Existing Portfolio consists of a diversified pool of sub-performing and non-performing residential mortgage loans with the underlying properties located across the United States. The aggregate purchase price of our Existing Portfolio of mortgage loans for acquisitions completed through June 30, 2015 was 67% of the aggregate market value, as determined by the most recent BPO provided by the applicable seller for each property in the respective portfolio as of its cut-off date.
As of June 30, 2015, the aggregate carrying value of our Existing Portfolio of mortgage loans was $1.7 billion (which does not include the carrying value of our REO properties of an additional $803.4 million). The carrying value of mortgage loans is based on our asset manager's proprietary pricing model. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our mortgage loans are discount rates, forecasts of future home prices, alternate resolution probabilities and foreclosure timelines. Significant changes in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a significant change to the fair value measurement. For a more complete description of the fair value measurements and the factors that may significantly affect the carrying value of our assets, please see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements.
The table below provides a summary of the sub-performing and non-performing residential mortgage loans in our Existing Portfolio based on the respective UPB and respective market values of underlying properties as of June 30, 2015 ($ in thousands):
Location | Loan count | UPB | Market value of underlying properties (1) | Weighted average market LTV (2) | ||||||
Alabama | 47 | $ | 7,099 | $ | 5,546 | 228.5 | % | |||
Alaska | 3 | 672 | 1,055 | 65.9 | % | |||||
Arizona | 95 | 26,249 | 24,554 | 118.6 | % | |||||
Arkansas | 45 | 3,677 | 4,393 | 100.1 | % | |||||
California | 909 | 448,941 | 498,948 | 102.2 | % | |||||
Colorado | 35 | 9,328 | 9,988 | 103.8 | % | |||||
Connecticut | 128 | 39,588 | 36,506 | 136.6 | % | |||||
Delaware | 49 | 9,669 | 8,998 | 123.1 | % | |||||
Dist. of Columbia | 65 | 17,156 | 20,543 | 104.4 | % | |||||
Florida | 1,807 | 444,750 | 381,214 | 136.4 | % | |||||
Georgia | 203 | 35,425 | 32,789 | 129.1 | % | |||||
Hawaii | 52 | 27,508 | 29,063 | 100.7 | % | |||||
Idaho | 28 | 7,000 | 6,488 | 134.3 | % | |||||
Illinois | 282 | 68,337 | 56,038 | 174.5 | % | |||||
Indiana | 222 | 28,431 | 27,224 | 115.2 | % | |||||
Iowa | 23 | 1,942 | 1,981 | 107.7 | % | |||||
Kansas | 19 | 2,184 | 2,635 | 97.4 | % | |||||
Kentucky | 40 | 5,052 | 4,623 | 118.6 | % | |||||
Louisiana | 30 | 4,836 | 4,726 | 115.9 | % | |||||
Maine | 37 | 6,698 | 6,204 | 117.7 | % | |||||
Maryland | 507 | 135,376 | 113,650 | 138.7 | % | |||||
Massachusetts | 258 | 70,481 | 71,635 | 115.3 | % | |||||
Michigan | 62 | 8,509 | 8,649 | 174.7 | % | |||||
Minnesota | 32 | 7,046 | 7,137 | 123.7 | % | |||||
Mississippi | 23 | 2,706 | 2,637 | 118.2 | % | |||||
Missouri | 64 | 5,907 | 4,986 | 175.6 | % |
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Montana | 2 | 459 | 564 | 82.9 | % | |||||
Nebraska | 4 | 465 | 432 | 110.4 | % | |||||
Nevada | 227 | 72,165 | 56,493 | 141.0 | % | |||||
New Hampshire | 10 | 2,782 | 2,598 | 120.5 | % | |||||
New Jersey | 1,034 | 310,973 | 247,509 | 154.7 | % | |||||
New Mexico | 120 | 17,170 | 17,302 | 108.7 | % | |||||
New York | 701 | 243,001 | 255,210 | 112.0 | % | |||||
North Carolina | 185 | 24,889 | 23,791 | 119.6 | % | |||||
North Dakota | 1 | 123 | 140 | 87.9 | % | |||||
Ohio | 96 | 13,347 | 11,638 | 318.4 | % | |||||
Oklahoma | 28 | 3,769 | 3,728 | 126.4 | % | |||||
Oregon | 100 | 29,468 | 27,626 | 114.5 | % | |||||
Pennsylvania | 211 | 39,253 | 33,877 | 132.4 | % | |||||
Puerto Rico | 2 | 218 | 285 | 77.2 | % | |||||
Rhode Island | 47 | 10,799 | 6,093 | 231.1 | % | |||||
South Carolina | 178 | 31,441 | 29,833 | 116.7 | % | |||||
South Dakota | 3 | 395 | 305 | 145.0 | % | |||||
Tennessee | 65 | 9,410 | 9,059 | 123.4 | % | |||||
Texas | 386 | 45,149 | 63,793 | 82.6 | % | |||||
Utah | 36 | 8,201 | 8,660 | 99.5 | % | |||||
Vermont | 7 | 1,266 | 1,259 | 111.5 | % | |||||
Virginia | 117 | 38,959 | 37,571 | 116.8 | % | |||||
Washington | 451 | 123,536 | 121,181 | 113.5 | % | |||||
West Virginia | 8 | 1,009 | 842 | 128.9 | % | |||||
Wisconsin | 50 | 7,191 | 5,836 | 144.1 | % | |||||
Total mortgage loans | 9,134 | $ | 2,460,005 | $ | 2,337,835 | 127.4 | % |
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(1) | Market value is based on the most recent BPO provided to us by the applicable seller for each property in the respective portfolio as of its cut-off date or an updated BPO received since the acquisition was completed. |
(2) | Weighted average loan to value (LTV) is based on the loan to value weighted by unpaid principal balance for each state. |
Results of operations
Three and six months ended June 30, 2015 versus three and six months ended June 30, 2014
Rental revenues
Rental revenues increased to $2.1 million and $3.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. The number of leased properties increased to 777 at June 30, 2015 from 102 at June 30, 2014. We also had an additional 96 properties listed for rent at June 30, 2015. We expect to generate increasing rental revenues as we continue to renovate, list and rent additional residential rental properties. Our rental revenues will depend primarily on occupancy levels and rental rates for our residential rental properties. Because our lease terms generally are expected to be two or fewer years, our occupancy levels and rental rates will be highly dependent on localized residential rental markets, our ability to manage maintenance and repair costs and our renters’ desire to remain in our properties.
Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans
Our net unrealized gains on mortgage loans decreased to $42.2 million and $103.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, from $105.0 million and $170.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. This decrease was primarily related to lower unrealized gains on loans converted to REO status and friction cost due to our servicing transfers during 2015. The net unrealized gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 can be broken down into the following two components:
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• | First, we recognized unrealized gains driven by a material change in loan status of $14.7 million and $33.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $28.5 million and $52.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we converted 687 and 1,411 mortgage loans to REO status, respectively, compared to 894 and 1,530 mortgage loans converted to REO status during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Upon conversion of these mortgage loans to REO, we marked these properties to the most recent market value, less estimated selling costs in the case of REO properties held for sale; and |
• | Second, we recognized $27.5 million and $70.2 million in unrealized gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, from the net increase in the fair value of loans during the period compared to $76.5 million and $118.1 million in unrealized gains during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Adjustments to the fair value of loans after acquisition represent, among other factors, a reduction in the time remaining to complete the foreclosure process due to the passage of time since acquisition and a reduction in future foreclosure expenses to the extent we have already incurred them. The reduction in time remaining to complete the foreclosure is driven by the completion of activities in the foreclosure process after we acquired the loans. This reduction in timeline results in reduced carrying costs and reduced future expenses for the loans, each of which increases the fair value of the loans. The increase in the value of the loans is recognized in net unrealized gain on mortgage loans in our consolidated statements of operations. |
Through the resolution of non-performing loans, our Existing Portfolio has decreased from 10,963 loans at December 31, 2014 to 9,134 loans at June 30, 2015. The fair value of mortgage loans is based on a number of factors which are difficult to predict and may be subject to adverse changes in value depending on the financial condition of borrowers, as well as geographic, economic, market and other conditions. Therefore, we may experience unrealized losses on our mortgage loans in the future.
Net realized gain on mortgage loans
Net realized gains on mortgage loans increased to $19.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 from $10.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014. We disposed of 270 mortgage loans in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 135 mortgage loans in the three months ended June 30, 2014, primarily from short sales, foreclosure sales and sale of re-performing loans.
Net realized gains on mortgage loans increased to $34.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 from $20.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014. We disposed of 420 mortgage loans in the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 251 mortgage loans in the six months ended June 30, 2014, primarily from short sales, foreclosure sales and sale of re-performing loans.
Net realized gain on real estate
Net realized gains on real estate were $12.4 million and $23.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, during which we disposed of 321 and 575 residential properties, respectively. We disposed of 22 and 24 residential properties during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, and recorded net realized gains on real estate of $1.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014.
Interest income
Interest income increased to $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, as we accreted $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, into interest income with respect to the re-performing loans acquired in June 2014. Interest income was $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively.
Residential property operating expenses
We incurred $16.9 million and $29.3 million of residential property operating expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $3.3 million and $4.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. At June 30, 2015, we had 4,796 REO properties and 777 leased properties compared to 1,958 REO properties and 102 leased properties at June 30, 2014. We expect to incur increasing residential property operating expenses as we convert more mortgage loans to, and own more residential properties. Our residential property operating expenses for rental properties will be dependent primarily on residential property taxes and insurance, property management fees, HOA dues, and repair and maintenance expenditures. Our residential property operating expenses for properties held while we are evaluating strategy will
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be dependent primarily on residential property taxes and insurance, property management fees, HOA dues, utilities, property preservation, and repairs and maintenance.
Real estate depreciation and amortization
We incurred $1.3 million and $2.3 million of real estate depreciation and amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. We expect to incur increasing real estate depreciation and amortization as we convert more mortgage loans to, and own more, residential rental properties. Real estate depreciation and amortization are non-cash expenditures which generally are not expected to be indicative of the market value or condition of our residential rental properties.
Real estate selling costs and impairment
Real estate selling costs of REO held for sale were $3.2 million and $13.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $2.9 million and $3.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. We also recognized $5.6 million and $9.7 million REO valuation impairment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. There was no impairment recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014. We record residential properties held for sale at the lower of either the carrying amount of REO or its estimated fair value less estimated selling costs. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value, as adjusted, we record impairment equal to the amount of such excess. If an increase in fair value is noted at a subsequent measurement date, a gain is recognized to the extent of any previous impairment recognized.
Mortgage loan servicing costs
We incurred $16.2 million and $34.5 million of mortgage loan servicing costs, primarily for servicing fees, foreclosure fees and advances of residential property insurance for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $16.9 million and $28.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. We incur mortgage loan servicing and foreclosure costs as our mortgage loan servicers provide servicing for our loans and pay for advances relating to property insurance, foreclosure attorney fees, foreclosure costs, and property preservation. Our loan servicing costs could be higher in a given period if the number of mortgage loans in our portfolio increases.
Interest expense
We incurred $13.4 million and $25.0 million of interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, related to borrowings under our repurchase agreements (including amortization of deferred financing costs) compared to $6.9 million and $12.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. The interest rate under our repurchase agreements is subject to change, based on changes in the relevant index. Market interest rates are currently at historically low levels, and any increase in market interest rates will cause our contractual interest expense to increase. We also expect our interest expense to increase as our debt increases to fund and/or leverage our ownership of existing and additional portfolios.
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses decreased to $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 from $2.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 primarily due to a decrease in acquisition costs. General and administrative expenses increased to $6.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 from $3.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014, primarily due to increased litigation-based expenses and higher professional fees.
Related party general and administrative
We incurred $5.2 million and $20.8 million of related party general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, compared to $17.5 million and $30.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. These expenses included $14.9 million in incentive management fees for the six months ended June 30, 2015, which were due to AAMC under the New AMA compared to $13.7 million and $24.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Additionally, for the three months ended June 30, 2015 we incurred $5.2 million in base management and conversion fees under the New AMA. The remaining related party general and administrative expenses are related to expense reimbursements to AAMC for salaries and benefits attributable to AAMC’s personnel providing services on behalf of our business under the original asset management agreement, professional fees and due diligence costs related to the acquisition of loan portfolios.
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Liquidity and capital resources
As of June 30, 2015, we had cash and cash equivalents of $70.5 million compared to $66.2 million as of December 31, 2014. Our liquidity reflects our ability to meet our current obligations (including our operating expenses and, when applicable, retirement of, and margin calls relating to, our financing arrangements) and make distributions to our stockholders. We are required to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year to our stockholders to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. This distribution requirement limits our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital to support our activities.
We were initially funded with $100.0 million on December 21, 2012. Since our separation, our primary sources of liquidity have been proceeds from equity offerings, borrowings under our repurchase agreements and securitization financings, interest payments we receive from our portfolio of assets, cash generated from loan liquidations and cash generated from our rental portfolio. We expect our existing business strategy will require additional debt and/or equity financing. Our manager continues to explore a variety of financing sources to support our growth, including, but not limited to, debt financing through bank warehouse lines of credit, additional and/or amended repurchase agreements, term financing, securitization transactions and additional debt or equity offerings. Based on our current borrowing capacity, leverage ratio, and anticipated additional debt financing transactions, we believe that these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to enable us to meet anticipated short-term (one year) liquidity requirements, including paying expenses on our existing loan portfolio, funding distributions to our stockholders, paying fees to AAMC under the New AMA and general corporate expenses. However, there can be no assurance as to how much additional financing capacity such efforts will produce, what form the financing will take or that such efforts will be successful. If we are unable to renew, replace or expand our sources of financing, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
To date, we have conducted the following equity offerings, credit facilities and securitization transactions:
Equity Offerings
We have completed three public equity offerings with aggregate net proceeds of approximately $1.1 billion. On May 1, 2013, we completed a public offering of 17,250,000 shares of common stock at $18.75 per share and received net proceeds of approximately $309.5 million. On October 1, 2013, we completed our second public offering of 17,187,000 shares of common stock at $21.00 per share and received net proceeds of $349.4 million. On January 22, 2014, we completed our third public offering of 14,200,000 shares of common stock at $34.00 per share and received net proceeds of approximately $467.6 million.
Credit Facilities
We entered into three separate repurchase agreements to finance the acquisition and ownership of residential mortgage loans and REO properties. The maximum aggregate funding available under these repurchase agreements at December 31, 2014 was $1.2 billion. On April 10, 2015, we entered into the Nomura loan agreement for the purpose of financing our beneficial ownership of REO properties. The maximum aggregate funding available to us under the repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement as of June 30, 2015 was $1.0 billion, subject to certain sublimits, eligibility requirements and conditions precedent to each funding. As of June 30, 2015, an aggregate of $810.2 million was outstanding under our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement. All obligations of our subsidiaries under the repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement are fully guaranteed by us.
Each of our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement is described below:
• | Credit Suisse (“CS”) is the lender on the repurchase agreement entered into on March 22, 2013 (the “CS repurchase agreement”) with an initial aggregate maximum borrowing capacity of $100.0 million. During 2014 the CS repurchase agreement was amended on several occasions, ultimately increasing the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity to $225.0 million on December 31, 2014 with a maturity date of April 20, 2015, subject to an additional one-year extension with the approval of the lender. On April 20, 2015, we entered into an amended and restated repurchase agreement with CS that increased our aggregate borrowing capacity from $225.0 million to $275.0 million, increased the REO sublimit under the facility and extended the maturity date to April 18, 2016. |
• | Deutsche Bank (“DB”) is the lender on the repurchase agreement entered into on September 12, 2013 (the “DB repurchase agreement”). The DB repurchase agreement matures on March 11, 2016 and includes a provision that after March 2015 we are not eligible for additional funding under the facility, thereby reducing our aggregate funding |
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capacity under the DB repurchase agreement to $91.8 million which was the amount outstanding under the facility on June 30, 2015.
• | Wells Fargo (“Wells”) is the lender on the repurchase agreement entered into on September 23, 2013 (the “Wells repurchase agreement”) with an initial aggregate maximum borrowing capacity of $200.0 million. Throughout 2013 and 2014 the Wells repurchase agreement was amended several times increasing the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity to a high of $1.0 billion, and on December 31, 2014 was reduced to $750.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, to reflect the securitization of a significant portion of our non-performing loans that previously had been financed under the Wells repurchase agreement. The maturity date of the Wells repurchase agreement was March 23, 2015. However, on February 20, 2015, we exercised our option to extend the termination date of this facility to March 23, 2016 without any additional funding, thereby reducing our aggregate funding capacity under the Wells repurchase agreement to $471.3 million on June 30, 2015, which was the amount outstanding under the facility at that date. We are in discussions with Wells to further extend the repurchase agreement with an ability to obtain additional funding. No assurance can be provided that we will be able to renew this facility on reasonable terms, on a timely basis or at all. The agreement calls for the advance rate to be reduced by 10% after the first 90 days of the extension term. The 10% reduction date has been extended for an additional 90 days while the parties are negotiating an amended and restated repurchase agreement. |
• | Nomura is the lender on the Nomura loan agreement, which we entered into on April 10, 2015 with an initial aggregate maximum funding capacity of $100.0 million. On May 12, 2015, we amended the terms of the Nomura loan agreement to increase the aggregate maximum funding capacity to $200.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, eligibility requirements and conditions precedent to each funding. The Nomura loan agreement terminates on April 8, 2016. |
Under the terms of each repurchase agreement, as collateral for the funds we draw thereunder, subject to certain conditions, the operating partnership will sell to the applicable lender equity interests in the Delaware statutory trust subsidiary that owns the applicable underlying mortgage assets on our behalf, or the trust will directly sell such underlying mortgage assets. In the event the lender determines the value of the collateral has decreased, the lender has the right to initiate a margin call and require us to post additional collateral or to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings. The price paid by the lender for each underlying mortgage asset we finance under the applicable repurchase agreement is subject to agreement between the lender and us and is based on a percentage of the market value of the underlying mortgage asset and depends on its delinquency status. Our cost of borrowing under the repurchase agreements generally corresponds to LIBOR, or the lender interest at the lender’s cost of funds plus a margin. We are also required to pay certain other customary fees, administrative costs and expenses to maintain and administer the repurchase agreements.
The repurchase agreements require us to maintain various financial and other covenants, including maintaining a minimum adjusted tangible net worth, a maximum ratio of indebtedness to adjusted tangible net worth and specified levels of unrestricted cash. In addition, the repurchase agreements contain customary events of default.
We are currently in compliance with the covenants and other requirements with respect to our repurchase agreements. We monitor our banking partners’ ability to perform under the repurchase agreements and have concluded there is currently no reason to doubt that they will continue to perform under the repurchase agreements as contractually obligated.
As amended, the three repurchase agreements provide for the lenders to finance our portfolio at advance rates (or purchase prices) ranging from 40% to 80% of the “asset value” of the mortgage loans and REO properties. The amounts borrowed under our repurchase agreements are generally subject to the application of "haircuts." A haircut is the percentage discount that a lender applies to the market value of an asset serving as collateral for a borrowing under a repurchase agreement, for the purpose of determining whether such borrowing is adequately collateralized. As of June 30, 2015, the weighted average contractual haircut applicable to the assets that serve as collateral for our outstanding repurchase agreements was 16.7%. Under these repurchase agreements, the “asset value” generally is an amount that is based on the market value of the mortgage loan or REO property as determined by the lender. We believe these are typical market terms which are designed to provide protection for the lender to collateralize its advances to us in the event the collateral declines in value. Under each of the repurchase agreements, if the carrying value of the collateral declines beyond certain limits, we would have to either (a) provide additional collateral or (b) repurchase certain assets under the agreement to maintain the applicable advance rate.
The decrease in amounts outstanding under our repurchase agreements from December 31, 2014 to June 30, 2015 relate in part to amounts paid down with the proceeds from the sale of secured notes issued in connection with our securitizations. Our overall advance rate under the repurchase agreements declined from 55.8% at December 31, 2014 to 50.2% at June 30, 2015
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due to the pay down of REO funding on the Wells repurchase agreement and securitization of a substantial portion of our debt on the DB repurchase agreement. We do not collateralize any of our repurchase facilities with cash.
The purpose of the Nomura loan agreement is to finance our beneficial ownership of REO properties. These obligations are fully guaranteed pursuant to a guaranty made by us in favor of Nomura. The Nomura loan agreement terminates on April 8, 2016. Under the terms of the Nomura loan agreement, subject to certain conditions, Nomura may advance funds to us from time to time, with such advances collateralized by REO properties. The aggregate maximum funding capacity for the REO properties under the Nomura loan agreement as of June 30, 2015 was $200.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, eligibility requirements and conditions precedent to each funding.
The advances paid under the Nomura loan agreement with respect to the REO properties from time to time will be based on a percentage of the market value of the applicable REO properties. Under the terms of the Nomura loan agreement, we are required to pay interest based on the one-month LIBOR plus a spread and certain other customary fees, administrative costs and expenses in connection with Nomura's structuring, management and ongoing administration of the facility.
The Nomura loan agreement requires us to maintain various financial and other covenants, including a minimum adjusted tangible net worth, a maximum ratio of indebtedness to adjusted tangible net worth and specified levels of unrestricted cash. In addition, the Nomura loan agreement contains events of default (subject to certain materiality thresholds and grace periods), including payment defaults, breaches of covenants and/or certain representations and warranties, cross-defaults, certain material adverse changes, bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings and other events of default customary for this type of transaction. The remedies for such events of default are also customary for this type of transaction and include the acceleration of the principal amount outstanding under the Nomura loan agreement and the liquidation by Nomura of the REO properties then subject to the facility.
The following table sets forth data with respect to our repurchase agreements and the Nomura loan agreement as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2015, June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Three months ended June 30, 2015 | Three months ended June 30, 2014 | Three months ended December 31, 2014 | |||||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 810,236 | $ | 1,271,483 | $ | 1,015,000 | |||
Maximum month-end balance outstanding during the period | 972,242 | 1,271,483 | 1,112,883 | ||||||
Weighted average quarterly balance | 949,196 | 810,833 | 1,055,776 |
Securitizations
On June 29, 2015, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP 2015-1 issued $205.0 million in Class A Notes (the “ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes”) with a weighted coupon of approximately 4.01% and $60.0 million in Class M Notes (the “ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes”). ARLP 2015-1 is a Delaware statutory trust that is wholly-owned by our operating partnership with a federally-chartered bank as its trustee. We retained $34.0 million of the ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and all of the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes. No interest will be paid on any ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes while any ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes remain outstanding. The ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes are non-recourse to us and are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2015-1 but not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2015-1 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes, thereby making the cash proceeds received by ARLP 2015-1 of loan payments, loan liquidations, loan sales and sales of converted REO properties the sole sources of the payment of interest and principal by ARLP 2015-1 to the bond holders. The ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes mature on May 25, 2055, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2015-1 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2015-1 was $275.7 million.
On November 25, 2014, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-2 ("ARLP 2014-2") issued $270.8 million in Class A Notes (the “ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes”) with a weighted coupon of approximately 3.85% and $234.0 million in Class M Notes (the “ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes”). ARLP 2014-2 is a Delaware statutory trust that is wholly-owned by our operating partnership with a federally-chartered bank as its trustee. We initially retained $95.8 million of the ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and all of the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes. On February 9, 2015, we sold $50.7 million of the retained ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes to an unrelated third party. No interest will be paid on any ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes while any ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes remain outstanding. The ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes are non-recourse to us and are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2014-2 but not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2014-2 are the only source of repayment and interest
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on the ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes, thereby making the cash proceeds received by ARLP 2014-4 of loan payments, loan liquidations, loan sales and sales of converted REO properties the sole sources of the payment of interest and principal by ARLP 2014-2 to the bond holders. The ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes mature on January 26, 2054, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2014-2 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2014-2 was $329.0 million.
On September 25, 2014, we completed a securitization transaction in which ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-1 ("ARLP 2014-1") issued $150.0 million in Class A Notes (the “ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes”) with a weighted coupon of approximately 3.47% and $32.0 million in Class M Notes (the “ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes”) with a weighted coupon of 4.25%. ARLP 2014-1 is a Delaware statutory trust that is wholly-owned by our operating partnership with a federally-chartered bank as its trustee. The ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes are non-recourse to us and are secured solely by the non-performing mortgage loans and REO properties of ARLP 2014-1 but not by any of our other assets. The assets of ARLP 2014-1 are the only source of repayment and interest on the ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes, thereby making the cash proceeds received by ARLP 2014-1 of loan payments, loan liquidations, loan sales and sales of converted REO properties the sole sources of the payment of interest and principal by ARLP 2014-1 to the bond holders. The ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes and the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes mature on September 25, 2044, and we do not guaranty any of the obligations of ARLP 2014-1 under the terms of the Indenture governing the notes or otherwise. As of June 30, 2015, the book value of the underlying securitized assets held by ARLP 2014-1 was $208.5 million.
As described above in “—Repurchase Agreements”, we used a portion of the proceeds of the securitizations to repurchase the non-performing loans from the repurchase facilities, as such non-performing loans were used to collateralize the securitization trusts.
We retained all of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes in our TRS. On September 30, 2014, pursuant to a master repurchase agreement, the TRS sold $15.0 million of the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes to NewSource. The master repurchase agreement initially required the TRS to repurchase the ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes from NewSource at a 5.0% yield on December 28, 2014, with the parties having the option to extend the master repurchase agreement for additional 89-day periods. In no event can the master repurchase agreement be extended beyond September 29, 2015. The agreement is currently due to expire on September 22, 2015.
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The following table sets forth data with respect to these notes as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Interest Rate | Amount outstanding | ||||
June 30, 2015 | |||||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2015-1 | |||||
ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes due May 25, 2055(1) | 4.01 | % | $ | 205,000 | |
ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes due May 25, 2044 | — | % | 60,000 | ||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-2 | |||||
ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due January 26, 2054(2) | 3.87 | % | 255,144 | ||
ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due January 26, 2054 | — | % | 234,010 | ||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-1 | |||||
ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes due September 25, 2044(3) | 3.47 | % | 142,919 | ||
ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due September 25, 2044(4) | 4.25 | % | 32,000 | ||
ARNS, Inc. | |||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase due September 22, 2015 | 5.00 | % | 14,991 | ||
Intercompany eliminations | |||||
Elimination of ARLP 2015-1 Class A Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (34,000 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2015-1 Class M Notes due to ARLP | (60,000 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (45,138 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due to ARLP | (234,010 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (32,000 | ) | |||
$ | 538,916 | ||||
December 31, 2014 | |||||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-2 | |||||
ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due January 26, 2054(2) | 3.85 | % | $ | 269,820 | |
ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due January 26, 2054 | — | % | 234,010 | ||
ARLP Securitization Trust, Series 2014-1 | |||||
ARLP 2014-1 Class A Notes due September 25, 2044(3) | 3.47 | % | 150,000 | ||
ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due September 25, 2044(4) | 4.25 | % | 32,000 | ||
ARNS, Inc. | |||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase due March 27, 2015 | 5.00 | % | 14,991 | ||
Intercompany eliminations | |||||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class A Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (95,729 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-2 Class M Notes due to ARLP | (234,010 | ) | |||
Elimination of ARLP 2014-1 Class M Notes due to ARNS, Inc. | (32,000 | ) | |||
$ | 339,082 |
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(1) | The expected redemption date for the Class A Notes ranges from June 25, 2018 to June 25, 2019. |
(2) | The expected redemption date for the Class A Notes ranges from November 27, 2017 to November 27, 2018. |
(3) | The expected redemption date for the Class A Notes ranges from September 25, 2017 to September 25, 2018. |
(4) | The expected redemption date for the Class M Notes is September 25, 2018. |
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Cash flows
We report and analyze our cash flows based on operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. The following table sets forth the changes in our cash flows ($ in thousands):
Six months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2014 | Change | |||||||
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (119,553 | ) | $ | (44,544 | ) | $ | (75,009 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 154,998 | (1,022,725 | ) | 1,177,723 | |||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (31,109 | ) | 1,082,039 | (1,113,148 | ) | ||||
Total cash flows | $ | 4,336 | $ | 14,770 | $ | (10,434 | ) |
Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 consisted primarily of net income less unrealized gains on our mortgage loans and real estate and adjusted for changes in operating assets and liabilities.
Net cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2015 consisted primarily of proceeds from the disposition of loans and real estate, while net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2014 consisted primarily of investments in non-performing loan portfolios net of proceeds from the disposition of loans and real estate. During periods in which we purchase a significant number of mortgage loans and conduct substantial renovations of residential real estate, our cash used in investing activities may exceed cash provided by investing activities.
Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2015 consisted primarily of net repayment of borrowings under repurchase agreements, net proceeds from other secured borrowings and the payment of dividends. Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2014 consisted primarily of the net proceeds from the issuance of common stock, net borrowings under repurchase agreements and payment of dividends. Net cash related to financing activities will generally consist of the incurrence by us of debt, repayment of debt previously incurred by us, payment of dividends and issuance of common stock.
Off-balance sheet arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements as of June 30, 2015.
Recent accounting pronouncements
See Item 1 - Financial statements (unaudited) - Note 1, “Organization and basis of presentation - Recently issued accounting standards.”
Critical accounting judgments
Accounting standards require information in financial statements about the risks and uncertainties inherent in significant estimates, and the application of generally accepted accounting principles involves the exercise of varying degrees of judgment. Certain amounts included in or affecting our financial statements and related disclosures must be estimated requiring us to make certain assumptions with respect to values or conditions that cannot be known with certainty at the time our consolidated financial statements are prepared. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts we report for our assets and liabilities and our revenues and expenses during the reporting period and our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our consolidated financial statements. Actual results may differ significantly from our estimates and any effects on our business, financial position or results of operations resulting from revisions to these estimates are recorded in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.
Residential properties
Upon the acquisition of real estate, generally through the completion of foreclosure, we record the assets at fair value as of the acquisition date as a component of real estate owned based on information obtained from a broker's price opinion, a full appraisal or the price given in a current contract of sale of the property. Fair value measurements for assets where there exists limited or no observable market data and, therefore, are based primarily upon management's or other third-party estimates, are often calculated based on the characteristics of the asset, the economic environment and other such factors. Based on professional judgment and knowledge of the particular situation, management determines the appropriate fair value to be
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utilized for such property (Level 3). BPOs are subject to judgments of a particular broker formed by visiting a property, assessing general home values in an area, reviewing comparable listings and reviewing comparable completed sales. These judgments may vary among brokers and may fluctuate over time based on housing market activities and the influx of additional comparable listings and sales. Our results could be materially and adversely affected if the judgments used by a broker prove to be incorrect or inaccurate. We have established validation procedures to ensure the values it receives from brokers are consistent with its observations of market values. These validation procedures include establishing thresholds to identify exceptions that require further analysis. If a price is outside of our established thresholds, we perform additional validation procedures, including supplemental analytics and/or follow up discussions with third-party providers.
After an evaluation period, we may perform property renovations to those properties that meet our rental investment criteria in order to optimize our rental proceeds. In some instances, we may also perform renovations on REO properties that do not meet our rental investment criteria in order to optimize sale proceeds. Such expenditures are part of our initial investment in a property and, therefore, are classified as investing activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows. Subsequently, the residential property, including any renovations that improve or extend the life of the asset, are accounted for at cost. The cost basis is depreciated using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of three to 27.5 years based on the nature of the components. Interest and other carrying costs incurred during the renovation period are capitalized until the property is ready for its intended use. Expenditures for ordinary maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.
Expenditures directly related to successful leasing efforts such as lease commissions are included in deferred leasing and financing costs, net and are stated at amortized cost. Such expenditures are part of our operations and, therefore, are classified as operating activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows. Capitalized leasing costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term of the respective leases which generally are from one to 2 years.
Residential properties are classified either as held for use or held for sale. Residential properties are classified as real estate assets held for sale when sale of the assets has been formally approved and is expected to occur in the next twelve months. We record residential properties held for sale at the lower of the carrying amount or estimated fair value less costs to sell. The impairment loss, if any, is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value less costs to sell.
For additional details on our critical accounting judgments, please see Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical accounting judgments” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.
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Non-GAAP measures - Estimated REIT taxable income
Estimated REIT taxable income is a measure that we use in connection with monitoring our compliance with certain REIT requirements. Estimated REIT taxable income should not be considered as an alternative to net income or net income per share as indicators of our operating performance.
The following table is a reconciliation of U.S. GAAP net income to estimated REIT taxable income ($ in thousands):
Three months ended June 30, 2015 | Six months ended June 30, 2015 | ||||||
Income before income taxes | $ | 13,115 | $ | 25,542 | |||
Add net loss of taxable REIT subsidiaries | 9,119 | 14,066 | |||||
Adjusted net income | 22,234 | 39,608 | |||||
Book to tax differences: | |||||||
Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans | 5,598 | (7,051 | ) | ||||
Net realized gain on mortgage loans | (1,411 | ) | (4,255 | ) | |||
Net realized gain on re-performing mortgage loans | 194 | 112 | |||||
Net realized gain on real estate sold | (13,175 | ) | (23,974 | ) | |||
Interest income, advances and recoveries | 8,432 | 14,614 | |||||
Depreciation | (254 | ) | 100 | ||||
Valuations and impairments | 3,743 | 14,451 | |||||
Mortgage loan servicing cost | 12,301 | 25,461 | |||||
Acquisition fees and due diligence | (92 | ) | 36 | ||||
Other book/tax differences, net | 97 | 223 | |||||
Estimated REIT taxable income | $ | 37,667 | $ | 59,325 |
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Item 3. Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. The primary market risks that we are currently exposed to are real estate risk and interest rate risk. A substantial portion of our investments are, and we expect will continue to be, comprised of non-performing loans and rental properties. The primary driver of the value of both these asset classes is the fair value of the underlying real estate.
Real Estate Risk
Residential property values are subject to volatility and may be affected adversely by a number of factors, including, but not limited to: national, regional and local economic conditions (which may be adversely affected by industry slowdowns and other factors); local real estate conditions (such as an oversupply of housing); construction quality, age and design; demographic factors; and retroactive changes to building or similar codes. Decreases in property values could cause us to suffer losses.
Interest Rate Risk
We will be exposed to interest rate risk from our (a) acquisition and ownership of residential mortgage loans and (b) debt financing activities. Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control. Changes in interest rates may affect the fair value of the residential mortgage loans and real estate underlying our portfolios as well as our financing interest rate expense.
We currently do not intend to hedge the risk associated with the residential mortgage loans and real estate underlying our portfolios. However, although we have not yet done so, we may undertake risk mitigation activities with respect to our debt financing interest rate obligations. We expect that our debt financing will at times be based on a floating rate of interest calculated on a fixed spread over the relevant index, as determined by the particular financing arrangement. A significantly rising interest rate environment could have an adverse effect on the cost of our financing. To mitigate this risk, we may use derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps and interest rate options in an effort to reduce the variability of earnings caused by changes in the interest rates we pay on our debt.
These derivative transactions will be entered into solely for risk management purposes, not for investment purposes. When undertaken, these derivative instruments likely will expose us to certain risks such as price and interest rate fluctuations, timing risk, volatility risk, credit risk, counterparty risk and changes in the liquidity of markets. Therefore, although we expect to transact in these derivative instruments purely for risk management, they may not adequately protect us from fluctuations in our financing interest rate obligations.
We currently borrow funds at variable rates using secured financings. At June 30, 2015, we had $0.8 billion of variable rate debt outstanding not protected by interest rate hedge contracts. The estimated aggregate fair market value of this debt was $0.8 billion. If the weighted average interest rate on this variable rate debt had been 100 basis points higher or lower, the annual interest expense would increase or decrease by $8.1 million, respectively.
Item 4. Controls and procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on such evaluation, such officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms, and to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Set forth below are developments in our legal proceedings since the March 2, 2015 filing of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and the May 7, 2015 filing of our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2015:
The Police Retirement System of Saint Louis v. Erbey, et al. On June 30, 2015, The Police Retirement System of Saint Louis and the defendants entered into a Stipulation and Agreement of Compromise, Settlement and Release (the “Settlement Stipulation”) for the settlement of this derivative action (the “Settlement”), and the parties filed the Settlement Stipulation with the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland (the “Court") on the same day. By Order dated August 3, 2015, the Court preliminarily approved the Settlement, scheduled a hearing on November 9, 2015 to consider final approval of the Settlement, and authorized us to provide notice of the proposed Settlement to stockholders. If the Settlement is finally approved by the Court and, ultimately, no shareholders successfully object to the Settlement, it will resolve and release all claims in the action that were, or could have been, brought by or on behalf of our company challenging the Original AMA among us, Altisource Residential L.P. and AAMC, or the negotiation of, the terms and provisions of, or the approval of the New AMA. In addition, pursuant to the Settlement Stipulation, the parties agreed that the defendants will pay the attorneys’ fees and expenses of plaintiff’s counsel, in an amount not to exceed $6.0 million. We have been informed by our insurers that the Settlement will be a covered claim under our insurance policy.
Martin v. Altisource Residential Corporation, et al. In May 2015, two of our purported shareholders filed competing motions with the court to be appointed lead plaintiff and for selection of lead counsel in the action. Subsequently, opposition and reply briefs were filed by the purported shareholders with respect to these motions. The court has not made any decisions with respect to the lead plaintiff motions.
Sokolowski v. Erbey, et al. On July 16, 2015, we filed a motion to dismiss all claims against us in the action, based upon, among other arguments, lack of personal jurisdiction and failure to state a claim. Co-defendant AAMC has filed a similar motion to dismiss the complaint as to all claims asserted against it. Briefing on the motions to dismiss the complaint is ongoing.
Hulstrom v. William C. Erbey, et al. On April 23, 2015, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix by a purported shareholder under the caption Kirk Hulstrom v. William Erbey et al. SX-15-CV-158. The action names as defendants William C. Erbey, each of the current and former members of our Board of Directors, certain officers of the Company, AAMC and Ocwen. In the complaint, plaintiff asserts claims against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control and gross mismanagement in connection with the asset management agreement between AAMC and us. As to AAMC and Ocwen, plaintiff alleges that these two companies aided and abetted the purported breaches of fiduciary duty and have been unjustly enriched by the asset management agreement. The complaint also names RESI as a nominal defendant. At this time, we are not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter, nor can we estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
Moncavage v. Faris, et al. In March, 2015, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in and for Palm Beach County, Florida by a purported shareholder of Ocwen under the caption Moncavage v. Ronald Faris, et al., Case No. 2015-CA-03244 (MB-AD). The action named certain officers and directors of Ocwen as defendants and alleged, among other things, various breaches of fiduciary duties by these individual defendants. The action also named Altisource, Home Loan Servicing Solutions and us as alleged aiders and abettors of the purported breaches of fiduciary duties. The allegations of wrongdoing contained in the Moncavage action are similar to the allegations in the Sokolowski action updated above. On July 13, 2015, the plaintiff and we jointly filed a stipulation of an extension of time to respond to the pending motions to stay the action that had been filed by Ocwen and the individual defendants. We believe the claims against us in the matter are without merit. At this time, we are not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter, nor can we estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
Item 1A. Risk factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors since December 31, 2014. For information regarding our risk factors, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in "Item 1A. Risk factors" in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed on March 2, 2015.
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Item 4. Mine safety disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibits
Exhibit Number | Description | ||
2.1 | Separation Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2012, between Altisource Residential Corporation and Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 28, 2012). | ||
3.1 | Articles of Restatement of Altisource Residential Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2013). | ||
3.2 | By-laws of Altisource Residential Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form 10 filed with the Commission on December 5, 2012). | ||
31.1* | Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act | ||
31.2* | Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act | ||
32.1* | Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act | ||
32.2* | Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act | ||
101.INS* | XBRL Instance Document | ||
101.SCH* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | ||
101.CAL* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | ||
101.DEF* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | ||
101.LAB* | XBRL Extension Labels Linkbase | ||
101.PRE* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
__________
* Filed herewith.
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Altisource Residential Corporation | ||||
Date: | August 10, 2015 | By: | /s/ | Robin N. Lowe |
Robin N. Lowe | ||||
Chief Financial Officer |
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